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as_o be_v possible_a to_o his_o first_o order_n not_o deny_v notwithstanding_o but_o that_o by_o good_a education_n and_o laudable_a exercise_n it_o may_v great_o be_v holpen_v even_o as_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v in_o ground_n which_o by_o care_n and_o diligence_n be_v make_v more_o fertile_a but_o be_v leave_v waist_n do_v soon_o return_v to_o their_o first_o nature_n some_z ancient_a philosopher_n consider_v that_o in_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n do_v appear_v the_o seed_n of_o all_o discipline_n with_o some_o knowledge_n of_o god_n of_o virtue_n and_o of_o vice_n without_o any_o former_a teach_n or_o institution_n have_v thought_n that_o the_o reasonable_a soul_n be_v take_v and_o extract_v from_o the_o godhead_n and_o that_o before_o they_o come_v down_o from_o heaven_n to_o the_o earth_n which_o place_n be_v contrary_a to_o their_o divine_a and_o immortal_a nature_n they_o be_v full_a of_o universal_a intelligence_n and_o of_o science_n which_o they_o forget_v by_o the_o contagion_n 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over_o
because_o it_o be_v needful_a for_o they_o to_o remove_v their_o cat-tail_n from_o place_n to_o place_n for_o pasture_n they_o be_v constrain_v to_o follow_v exercise_v as_o it_o be_v a_o lively_a kind_n of_o husbandry_n some_o live_v on_o hunt_v in_o diverse_a sort_n as_o some_o on_o their_o prey_n other_o on_o fish_v as_o they_o which_o live_v near_o unto_o lake_n pond_n and_o river_n and_o such_o as_o border_v on_o the_o sea_n other_o on_o bird_n and_o wild_a beast_n which_o inhabit_v near_o unto_o the_o wood_n the_o poor_a throughout_o the_o wide_a forest_n and_o high_a mountain_n live_v on_o root_n acorn_n and_o wildfruit_n notwithstanding_o the_o great_a part_n of_o man_n live_v of_o the_o earth_n and_o of_o such_o fruit_n as_o they_o find_v at_o home_n so_o that_o the_o manner_n of_o live_v use_v among_o they_o be_v pasturage_n tillage_n hunt_v hawk_v fish_v and_o foul_n other_o by_o mingle_v of_o these_o do_v live_v better_a at_o ease_n help_v their_o life_n which_o have_v 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white-wine_n &_o it_o be_v not_o much_o unsavoury_a nor_o of_o ill_a taste_n the_o cathayan_o also_o eat_v raw_a flesh_n cut_v it_o first_o in_o small_a piece_n than_o they_o conserve_v it_o in_o odoriferous_a oil_n with_o good_a spice_n and_o then_o do_v eat_v if_o so_o prepare_v their_o drink_n be_v make_v of_o rice_n with_o diverse_a spice_n which_o have_v a_o taste_n more_o delicious_a &_o pleasant_a then_o wine_n and_o they_o which_o drink_v more_o then_o enough_o thereof_o be_v soon_o drink_v then_o with_o wine_n the_o medite_v have_v neither_o corn_n nor_o wine_n use_v great_a hunt_n in_o the_o summer_n time_n &_o take_v both_o of_o wild_a beast_n and_o bird_n whereof_o they_o make_v their_o provision_n to_o live_v in_o winter_n and_o in_o some_o place_n they_o make_v biscuit_n of_o fish_n dry_v and_o cut_v in_o small_a piece_n which_o they_o beat_v and_o bray_v into_o powder_n or_o flower_n than_o they_o temper_v it_o with_o water_n make_v past_a thereof_o mould_v it_o and_o make_v it_o into_o loaf_n of_o bread_n which_o they_o dry_v in_o the_o sun_n &_o live_v thereof_o all_o the_o year_n the_o people_n of_o calcutta_n live_v on_o rice_n fish_n spice_n &_o fruit_n altogether_o different_a from_o we_o they_o drink_v wine_n of_o palm_n and_o of_o date_n mingle_v with_o rice_n and_o sugar_n throughout_o all_o the_o western_a island_n they_o make_v bread_n of_o a_o kind_n of_o wheat_n call_v mahiz_n and_o of_o a_o root_n name_v juca_n which_o be_v ordinary_a feed_n aswell_o in_o the_o island_n as_o in_o the_o main_a land_n they_o make_v drink_v of_o certain_a pine_n apple_n which_o the_o call_v ya_fw-mi yama_fw-mi which_o be_v wholesome_a but_o because_o it_o be_v to_o sweet_a it_o be_v not_o so_o pleasant_a to_o drink_v as_o the_o drink_n of_o our_o country_n it_o will_v be_v too_o long_o &_o tedious_a to_o recite_v here_o and_o set_v down_o several_o all_o the_o kind_n of_o live_v receive_v of_o man_n either_o for_o necessity_n or_o for_o superfluity_n and_o delight_n therefore_o these_o already_o rehearse_v as_o the_o most_o strange_a and_o most_o different_a from_o we_o shall_v suffice_v at_o this_o time_n but_o beside_o the_o commodity_n and_o discommodity_n of_o live_v which_o man_n have_v in_o their_o several_a country_n some_o abstain_v from_o certain_a meat_n either_o by_o opinion_n as_o the_o pythagorean_n do_v from_o a_o cow_n and_o from_o a_o bean_n or_o else_o by_o religion_n and_o that_o either_o for_o a_o time_n as_o from_o flesh_n in_o lent_n and_o on_o fast_a day_n among_o the_o christian_n or_o always_o as_o the_o charterhouse_n monk_n and_o carthusian_n friar_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o ancient_a priest_n of_o egypt_n think_v it_o a_o great_a sin_n to_o eat_v fish_n as_o herodotus_n have_v wrtiten_v the_o egyptian_n abstain_v also_o from_o swines-flesh_n as_o the_o jew_n do_v at_o this_o day_n and_o the_o mahometan_n who_o moreover_o will_v drink_v no_o wine_n the_o malharbians_n and_o guzera_n do_v eat_v nothing_o that_o have_v blood_n neither_o kill_v they_o any_o thing_n that_o have_v life_n therefore_o they_o neither_o eat_v green_a herb_n nor_o new_a fruit_n think_v that_o there_o be_v life_n in_o they_o and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o great_a offence_n to_o make_v they_o die_v they_o worship_v ox_n and_o abstain_v from_o eat_v they_o as_o the_o jew_n do_v from_o swine_n the_o other_o being_n not_o so_o scrupulous_a do_v use_v indifferent_o all_o kind_n of_o meat_n which_o they_o can_v comeby_o of_o the_o variety_n of_o people_n it_o seem_v that_o there_o be_v in_o man_n some_o natural_a desire_n to_o change_v their_o habitation_n and_o dwelling_n have_v a_o mutable_a mind_n impatient_a of_o rest_n and_o desirous_a of_o novelty_n by_o reason_n whereof_o they_o cease_v not_o from_o go_v one_o to_o a_o other_o change_v of_o manner_n tongue_n letter_n lordship_n and_o religion_n few_o country_n be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o true_a originary_n almost_o all_o nation_n be_v mingle_v in_o ancient_a time_n the_o egyptian_n dwell_v in_o babylon_n colchis_n syria_n and_o greece_n the_o grecian_n in_o that_o part_n of_o italy_n which_o be_v next_o the_o low_a sea_n the_o tyrian_n in_o africa_n the_o african_n in_o spain_n the_o phocian_o in_o gaul_n the_o gaul_n in_o greece_n and_o asia_n the_o macedonian_n in_o syria_n and_o egypt_n so_o have_v the_o arabian_n pass_v into_o persia_n syria_n africa_n italy_n and_o spain_n so_o the_o tartarian_n into_o scythia_n so_o the_o spaniard_n into_o america_n to_o peru_n and_o into_o the_o east_n and_o west_n india_n the_o excessive_a heat_n and_o cold_n the_o deep_a sea_n and_o large_a river_n the_o high_a mountain_n the_o great_a wood_n and_o desert_n can_v not_o let_v they_o from_o change_v their_o dwelling_n notwithstanding_o they_o remove_v common_o out_o of_o cold_a region_n into_o temperate_a as_o the_o parthian_n and_o turk_n have_v do_v on_o the_o side_n of_o asia_n and_o in_o europe_n the_o cymbrian_n sicambrian_n saxon_n goth_n lombard_n burgundian_n frenchmen_n vandal_n norman_n alane_n hun_n hungarian_n and_o slavonian_n which_o at_o diverse_a time_n go_v out_o of_o the_o north_n have_v possess_v the_o principal_a region_n of_o europe_n other_o have_v long_o stray_v and_o wander_v do_v not_o make_v choice_n of_o their_o habitation_n but_o stay_v at_o the_o first_o place_n where_o they_o find_v themselves_o wearle_n be_v not_o able_a to_o go_v any_o far_o other_o get_v it_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n some_o straier_n perish_v bythe_a way_n other_o dwell_v where_o their_o poverty_n leave_v they_o and_o they_o have_v not_o all_o the_o same_o necessity_n to_o abandon_v their_o country_n and_o to_o seek_v a_o new_a some_o by_o strange_a army_n be_v beat_v out_o of_o their_o own_o invade_v some_o other_o other_o be_v oppress_v with_o civil_a sedition_n other_o be_v increase_v to_o a_o overgreat_a multitude_n other_o by_o pestilence_n or_o by_o barrenness_n of_o their_o land_n and_o other_o hope_v to_o recover_v a_o better_a howsoever_o all_o usurper_n have_v accustom_v to_o abolysh_a as_o much_o as_o lay_v in_o they_o the_o dignity_n and_o memory_n of_o their_o predecessor_n aswell_o for_o envy_n hatred_n and_o contempt_n as_o for_o ambition_n to_o send_v to_o make_v their_o name_n only_o from_o that_o time_n forward_o to_o flourish_v as_o the_o median_n do_v usurp_v the_o lordship_n over_o the_o assyrian_n the_o persian_n over_o the_o mede_n and_o egyptian_n the_o roman_n over_o the_o gaul_n spaniard_n and_o african_n the_o goth_n and_o vandal_n over_o the_o roman_n the_o arabian_n over_o the_o persian_n egyptian_n &_o african_n which_o at_o this_o day_n also_o the_o spaniard_n do_v in_o the_o new_a find_v land_n and_o the_o turk_n in_o those_o place_n which_o they_o get_v on_o the_o christian_n destroy_v their_o building_n title_n letter_n book_n history_n
not_o change_v through_o our_o opinion_n but_o according_a to_o their_o nature_n remain_v always_o in_o the_o same_o order_n also_o that_o the_o true_a name_n do_v not_o change_v after_o our_o pleasure_n but_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o thing_n signify_v who_o essence_n and_o similitude_n they_o do_v imitate_v be_v first_o conceive_v in_o mind_n afterward_o express_v in_o sound_n and_o voice_n and_o then_o write_v by_o letter_n and_o syllable_n which_o opinion_n some_o have_v so_o far_o believe_v that_o they_o have_v go_v about_o to_o inquire_v and_o search_v out_o the_o propriety_n of_o thing_n by_o the_o propriety_n of_o word_n and_o to_o insinuate_v so_o far_o by_o the_o secret_a virtue_n which_o they_o deem_v in_o they_o as_o to_o do_v miracle_n in_o pronounce_v they_o and_o to_o heal_v the_o disease_n both_o of_o body_n and_o mind_n therewith_o and_o that_o which_o be_v more_o they_o have_v affirm_v that_o there_o be_v some_o invent_v by_o divine_a inspiration_n mean_v among_o other_o the_o name_n of_o god_n which_o be_v pronounce_v by_o four_o letter_n only_o in_o most_o language_n in_o which_o they_o say_v so_o many_o nation_n can_v not_o agree_v without_o some_o marvellous_a mystery_n of_o the_o divinity_n if_o the_o imposition_n property_n and_o virtue_n of_o name_n be_v admirable_a the_o invention_n and_o use_n of_o letter_n be_v no_o less_o and_o to_o have_v find_v a_o mean_a to_o comprehend_v in_o a_o few_o note_n such_o a_o multitude_n and_o variety_n of_o sound_n and_o voice_n of_o man_n by_o they_o be_v write_v the_o thing_n of_o great_a profit_n unto_o the_o world_n as_o the_o law_n sentence_n of_o judge_n testament_n contract_n and_o other_o such_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o life_n of_o man_n those_o which_o have_v be_v long_a time_n dead_a be_v reviue_v in_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o lyve_n and_o they_o which_o be_v many_o mile_n distant_a a_o sunder_o common_a with_o their_o absent_a friend_n as_o if_o they_o be_v present_a the_o sacred_a book_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n and_o word_n of_o god_n be_v preserve_v by_o they_o the_o sentence_n of_o wise_a man_n philosophy_n and_o general_o all_o science_n be_v deliver_v over_o from_o hand_n to_o hand_n to_o the_o suruivor_n some_o have_v cavil_v at_o this_o invention_n as_o thames_n king_n of_o egypt_n in_o plato_n phaedrus_n who_o make_v answer_v to_o theut_n boast_v himself_o thereof_o that_o he_o have_v not_o find_v a_o remedy_n or_o help_v for_o memory_n but_o for_o remembrance_n therefore_o the_o pythagorean_n and_o the_o french_a druyde_n do_v write_v nothing_o but_o deliver_v one_o to_o another_o their_o mystery_n without_o writing_n to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o exercise_v their_o memory_n the_o less_o through_o the_o confidence_n of_o letter_n notwithstanding_o experience_n which_o be_v mistress_n of_o thing_n have_v manifest_o open_v their_o error_n for_o asmuch_o as_o by_o write_v nothing_o the_o memory_n of_o their_o doctrine_n in_o process_n of_o year_n through_o man_n imbecility_n be_v utter_o lose_v no_o appearance_n or_o ancient_a mark_n thereof_o remain_v at_o this_o day_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o hebrew_n say_v of_o their_o cabal_n that_o it_o be_v first_o give_v by_o god_n to_o the_o patriarch_n and_o to_o moses_n afterward_o to_o the_o prophet_n not_o write_v but_o reveal_v successive_o and_o give_v from_o hand_n to_o hand_n by_o the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o but_o after_o they_o be_v deliver_v from_o the_o captivity_n of_o babylon_n by_o cyrus_n and_o that_o under_o zorobabel_n they_o have_v re-edify_v the_o temple_n then_o esdras_n who_o already_o have_v restore_v the_o book_n of_o moses_n foreseeing_a that_o his_o nation_n among_o so_o many_o calamity_n flight_n banishment_n and_o mortality_n unto_o which_o it_o be_v expose_v can_v not_o at_o length_n preserve_v and_o keep_v the_o secreat_n of_o that_o celestial_a doctrine_n reveal_v to_o they_o from_o above_o and_o prefer_v before_o the_o write_a law_n except_o they_o do_v write_v they_o he_o gather_v what_o he_o can_v of_o the_o wise_a man_n then_o suruive_v and_o reduce_v it_o into_o seventie_o volume_n letter_n then_o be_v most_o necessary_a after_o they_o be_v invent_v they_o which_o consider_v they_o near_o divide_v they_o into_o vowel_n and_o consonant_n then_o into_o half_a vowel_n mute_n and_o liquid_n call_v that_o be_v grammar_n which_o serve_v to_o know_v to_o discern_v and_o to_o assemble_v they_o to_o make_v syllable_n noun_n verb_n and_o speech_n and_o although_o pliny_n build_v on_o the_o authority_n of_o epigenes_n think_v the_o use_n of_o letter_n to_o have_v be_v eternal_a that_o be_v to_o say_v without_o beginning_n nevertheless_o he_o be_v gainsay_v in_o that_o by_o other_o author_n philo_z the_o jew_n impute_v the_o invention_n of_o the_o hebrew_n letter_n to_o abraham_n eusebius_n to_o moses_n and_o other_o unto_o esdras_n josephus_n say_v that_o the_o child_n of_o seth_n the_o son_n of_o adam_n erect_v two_o pillar_n the_o one_o of_o stone_n other_o of_o earth_n in_o the_o which_o they_o write_v the_o art_n invent_v by_o they_o and_o that_o the_o one_o of_o stone_n be_v yet_o in_o his_o time_n remain_v in_o syria_n cicero_n attribute_v the_o egyptian_a letter_n to_o mercury_n and_o the_o phrygian_a to_o hercules_n livy_n ascribe_v the_o latin_a to_o euander_v the_o arcadian_a who_o he_o call_v venerable_a by_o the_o miracle_n of_o letter_n cor._n tacitus_n the_o hetrurian_a letter_n to_o demaratus_n the_o corinthian_a the_o slavonian_n attribute_n they_o to_o s._n iherome_n who_o they_o say_v translate_v into_o their_o tongue_n the_o old_a &_o new_a testament_n the_o bishop_n gordian_n give_v letter_n to_o the_o goth_n the_o ancient_a frenchmen_n which_o first_o possess_v both_o the_o gaul_n have_v three_o sort_n of_o letter_n differ_v the_o one_o from_o other_o the_o first_o invent_v by_o wastald_v the_o other_o by_o dorac_n the_o three_o by_o hiche_n the_o norman_n have_v they_o also_o describe_v by_o bede_n in_o like_a manner_n many_o nation_n have_v invent_v new_a character_n have_v change_v and_o corrupt_v the_o old_a as_o the_o slavons_a those_o of_o the_o greek_n the_o armenian_n of_o the_o chaldee_n the_o chaldee_n of_o the_o hebrew_n the_o goth_n lombard_n spaniard_n german_n and_o frenchman_n those_o of_o the_o roman_n the_o other_o hetrurian_a letter_n which_o be_v see_v yet_o at_o this_o day_n in_o the_o ancient_a sepulchre_n be_v altogether_o unknowen_a other_o search_v the_o same_o yet_o more_o deep_o and_o fetch_v it_o far_o off_o affime_v that_o they_o be_v first_o invent_v by_o the_o ethiopian_n who_o deliver_v they_o to_o the_o egyptian_n the_o egyptian_n to_o the_o assyrian_n the_o assyrian_n to_o the_o phoenicians_n the_o phoenicians_n to_o the_o pelagian_n the_o pelagian_n to_o the_o latin_n the_o latin_n to_o the_o italian_n frenchman_n spaniard_n almain_n englishman_n scot_n norwegian_n suecian_o polacques_n and_o hungarian_n the_o character_n of_o the_o letter_n be_v no_o less_o different_a than_o the_o tongue_n &_o can_v not_o serve_v any_o tongue_n but_o that_o whereunto_o they_o be_v ordain_v nor_o represent_v the_o entire_a &_o natural_a pronunciation_n no_o not_o of_o their_o own_o which_o change_v not_o only_o from_o town_n to_o town_n but_o almost_o from_o village_n to_o village_n for_o greek_a can_v not_o be_v write_v in_o latin_a letter_n nor_o the_o latin_a in_o greek_a letter_n and_o the_o greek_n and_o latin_n do_v not_o always_o pronounce_v as_o they_o write_v but_o to_o make_v the_o sound_n of_o their_o word_n soft_a do_v change_v the_o pronounciation_n of_o some_o letter_n taking_z the_o one_o for_o other_o whereof_o there_o be_v a_o complaint_n make_v in_o lucian_n to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o vowel_n suetonius_n write_v of_o augustus_n that_o he_o observe_v not_o the_o orthography_n set_v down_o by_o the_o gramarian_n but_o seem_v rather_o to_o lean_v to_o the_o opinion_n of_o those_o which_o think_v that_o we_o ought_v to_o writ_n as_o we_o speak_v in_o the_o which_o howbeit_o he_o be_v follow_v yet_o can_v he_o not_o with_o his_o imperial_a authority_n and_o inestimable_a power_n prevail_v against_o custom_n and_o therefore_o i_o wonder_v at_o some_o frenchman_n who_o not_o consider_v that_o in_o grammar_n there_o be_v more_o observation_n they_o reason_n &_o that_o it_o behove_v in_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v speak_v write_a &_o pronounce_v with_o nature_n to_o mingle_v custom_n which_o as_o quint._n say_v be_v the_o most_o certain_a mistress_n thereof_o have_v of_o late_o intrude_v themselves_o assay_v to_o reduce_v the_o write_n of_o that_o language_n which_o they_o have_v clean_o turn_v up-side_n down_o whole_o to_o the_o pronunciation_n without_o think_v that_o the_o french_a do_v use_v strange_a letter_n which_o if_o they_o can_v never_o thorough_o satisfy_v their_o own_o tongue_n but_o because_o of_o
their_o defect_n have_v be_v often_o change_v and_o augment_v how_o shall_v they_o then_o satisfy_v another_o in_o somuch_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o some_o to_o be_v a_o thing_n impossible_a that_o a_o people_n have_v a_o peculiar_a tongue_n of_o their_o own_o shall_v use_v strange_a letter_n but_o with_o great_a difficulty_n as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o dutch_a and_o english_a use_v latin_a letter_n and_o in_o the_o turk_n and_o persian_a which_o use_v the_o arabian_a as_o also_o they_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o history_n of_o one_o nation_n can_v not_o convenient_o be_v write_v in_o another_o language_n then_o that_o of_o the_o same_o country_n induce_v to_o think_v so_o by_o the_o roman_a history_n which_o be_v write_v in_o greek_a seem_v no_o more_o to_o be_v roman_a especial_o where_o there_o be_v question_n of_o custom_n law_n magistrate_n money_n revenue_n and_o ceremony_n wherein_o the_o greek_a tongue_n be_v otherwise_o rich_a and_o plentiful_a seem_v rude_a &_o barbarous_a where_o the_o latin_a be_v fine_a and_o eloquent_a the_o same_o be_v befall_v to_o the_o greek_a history_n write_v in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n and_o likewise_o to_o the_o french_a make_v by_o gaguinus_fw-la paulus_n emilius_n and_o other_o represent_v little_a and_o ill_o to_o the_o purpose_n the_o affair_n of_o france_n in_o a_o strange_a language_n use_v only_o now_o a_o day_n in_o school_n whereas_o froissard_n monstrellet_n philip_n de_fw-fr commines_n guill_n and_o martin_n du_fw-fr bellay_n be_v find_v large_a and_o convenient_a but_o to_o the_o end_n not_o to_o digress_v from_o our_o commence_a purpose_n i_o will_v return_v to_o speak_v of_o letter_n the_o hebrew_n and_o latin_n have_v twenty_o and_o two_o the_o slavons_a and_o jacobite_n two_o and_o thirty_o the_o armenian_n 38_o the_o abissin_n or_o ethiopian_n 47_o the_o arabian_n 31_o the_o chaldean_n 28_o the_o latin_n greek_n and_o other_o inhabitant_n of_o europe_n and_o the_o indian_n of_o malabar_n have_v peculiar_a letter_n of_o their_o own_o do_v write_v from_o the_o left_a side_n towards_o the_o right_n the_o hebrew_n chaldee_n arabian_n and_o general_o all_o the_o asiatickes_n and_o african_n from_o the_o right_n to_o the_o left_a imitate_v the_o move_n of_o the_o heaven_n which_o be_v from_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o the_o left_a and_o be_v most_o perfect_a according_a to_o aristotle_n approach_v near_o to_o the_o unity_n which_o of_o plato_n be_v call_v the_o motion_n of_o similitude_n or_o of_o uniformity_n the_o cathayan_o or_o people_n of_o china_n &_o japania_n from_o above_o downward_o say_v that_o therein_o they_o follow_v the_o order_n of_o nature_n which_o have_v give_v to_o man_n their_o head_n place_v above_o and_o their_o foot_n below_o diodorus_n the_o sicilian_a write_v that_o in_o a_o certain_a island_n find_v towards_o the_o south_n by_o jambolus_n thinhabitant_n do_v not_o write_v from_o one_o side_n to_o other_o as_o we_o do_v but_o draw_v their_o line_n straight_o from_o above_o downward_o have_v 28_o letter_n in_o number_n according_a to_o the_o signification_n which_o they_o give_v they_o other_o manner_n of_o write_v there_o can_v not_o be_v except_o one_o will_v write_v a_o cross_n or_o overthwart_o the_o eastern_a and_o southern_a nation_n do_v use_v point_n the_o greek_n their_o abbreviation_n the_o latin_v their_o title_n the_o egyptian_n in_o holy_a thing_n do_v use_v the_o figure_n of_o beast_n for_o letter_n which_o they_o call_v hierogliphic_n the_o most_o ancient_n do_v write_v in_o the_o rind_n or_o bark_n of_o tree_n and_o in_o table_n and_o leaf_n of_o wood_n other_o in_o palm-leave_n according_a to_o the_o commodity_n of_o their_o country_n other_o in_o lead_n their_o missive_a letter_n or_o epistle_n be_v write_v in_o table_n or_o wax_n the_o law_n and_o other_o durable_a thing_n be_v engrave_v in_o brass_n or_o copper_n they_o do_v write_v also_o in_o fine_a linen_n cloth_n themperor_n commodus_n use_v the_o fine_a bark_n of_o the_o linden_n tree_n call_v of_o the_o latin_n tylia_n or_o philyra_n other_o the_o rynd_n of_o a_o little_a tree_n call_v papyrus_fw-la grow_v in_o the_o marsh_n of_o egypt_n which_o be_v thick_a from_o whence_o come_v the_o name_n of_o paper_n use_v at_o this_o present_a which_o be_v make_v of_o old_a rag_n of_o cloth_n steep_v along_o time_n in_o water_n and_o bray_v in_o the_o mill_n after_o bring_v into_o a_o kind_n of_o past_a which_o be_v stretch_v out_o on_o a_o gredyron_n of_o brass_n to_o send_v to_o dry_v it_o &_o be_v put_v between_o lock_n of_o will_v and_o press_v after_o it_o be_v a_o little_a dry_v become_v fine_a smooth_a thin_a &_o white_a paper_n we_o use_v parchmin_n also_o more_o strong_a &_o durable_a then_o paper_n which_o be_v make_v of_o sheepskin_n goatskin_n and_o calueskin_n cory_v and_o dress_v by_o the_o leatherdresser_n and_o parchminmaker_n herodotus_n in_o his_o terpsichore_n witness_v that_o they_o use_v these_o skin_n to_o write_v on_o in_o his_o time_n and_o josephus_n say_v that_o the_o holy_a scripture_n be_v first_o write_v in_o they_o m._n varro_n think_v they_o be_v first_o find_v out_o at_o pergamus_n a_o city_n of_o asia_n from_o whence_o they_o yet_o take_v their_o name_n at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o two_o king_n ptolomeus_n and_o eumenes_n erect_v their_o library_n envy_v one_o the_o other_o diodorus_n the_o sicilian_a write_v that_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o ethiopian_n be_v make_v after_o the_o likeness_n of_o sundry_a beast_n and_o the_o extremity_n of_o diverse_a member_n of_o man_n and_o of_o diverse_a instrument_n and_o tool_n of_o artificer_n and_o their_o intention_n &_o word_n be_v not_o express_v by_o composition_n of_o syllable_n or_o letter_n but_o by_o form_n and_o figure_n of_o image_n who_o signification_n remain_v unto_o they_o by_o use_n in_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n for_o they_o will_v set_v down_o a_o kite_n a_o crocodile_n a_o man_n eye_n a_o hand_n a_o face_n and_o other_o such_o like_a thing_n the_o kite_n signify_v a_o thing_n soon_o do_v because_o he_o be_v one_o of_o the_o swift_a bird_n and_o this_o character_n be_v proper_o apply_v to_o home_n affair_n which_o be_v speedy_o dispatch_v the_o crocodile_n do_v note_v some_o evil_a thing_n the_o eye_n a_o observer_n of_o justice_n and_o a_o guard_n or_o watchman_n of_o the_o body_n the_o right_a hand_n with_o the_o finger_n stretch_v out_o betokened_a liberty_n or_o liberality_n and_o the_o left_a hand_n close_v be_v hardness_n and_o greediness_n after_o this_o manner_n the_o figure_n of_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n &_o form_n of_o certain_a instrument_n do_v notify_v some_o other_o thing_n among_o those_o ethiopian_n who_o retain_v it_o through_o long_a practice_n in_o their_o memory_n do_v ready_o understand_v what_o the_o say_v figure_n mean_v and_o signify_v those_o of_o malabar_n and_o other_o indian_n dwell_v between_o the_o river_n of_o ind_n and_o ganges_n do_v yet_o at_o this_o day_n write_v in_o palm-leave_n either_o great_a or_o lesser_a according_a to_o the_o matter_n which_o they_o intend_v to_o write_v in_o whole_a one_o they_o write_v such_o thing_n as_o they_o will_v have_v to_o endure_v long_o as_o the_o affair_n of_o their_o religion_n and_o their_o history_n the_o other_o thing_n of_o less_o consequence_n in_o a_o quarter_n or_o half_a quarter_n aswell_o on_o the_o one_o side_n as_o other_o and_o when_o they_o have_v write_v a_o great_a number_n mean_v to_o join_v they_o in_o book_n they_o fasten_v they_o between_o two_o board_n in_o steed_n of_o those_o forel_n or_o cover_n which_o we_o use_v after_o as_o we_o sow_v our_o leaf_n so_o do_v they_o tie_v they_o with_o string_n to_o the_o say_a cover_n for_o their_o missive_a letter_n it_o suffice_v that_o the_o leaf_n be_v write_v and_o roll_v up_o in_o itself_o &_o in_o steed_n of_o seal_v of_o it_o they_o bound_v it_o with_o a_o thread_n of_o the_o palm_n itself_o they_o use_v to_o write_v with_o a_o instrument_n of_o iron_n or_o wood_n sharpen_v pass_v light_o over_o the_o leaf_n not_o pierce_v it_o and_o imprint_v the_o character_n of_o their_o letter_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o they_o may_v write_v on_o both_o side_n tother_o writing_n more_o permanent_a as_o foundation_n of_o church_n be_v â—â—t_n in_o copper_n or_o grave_v in_o stone_n peter_n martyâ—a_n milanois_n historian_n write_v of_o the_o difcoverie_n of_o the_o new_a find_v land_n make_v by_o the_o castilian_n say_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o collacuan_n bring_v into_o spain_n among_o other_o gift_n certain_a book_n write_v in_o the_o fine_a inner_a rynde_n of_o tree_n which_o be_v find_v between_o the_o wood_n and_o the_o thick_a uttermost_a bark_n and_o that_o they_o be_v take_v sometime_o of_o willow_n or_o of_o alder_n which_o they_o cover_v with_o course_n cloth_n and_o fasten_v together_o with_o
other_o they_o have_v so_o little_o prevail_v that_o yet_o at_o this_o present_a they_o be_v not_o able_a there_o to_o till_o the_o land_n except_o the_o river_n nilus_n be_v hold_v in_o by_o causwais_o and_o bank_n and_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a that_o this_o country_n do_v first_o of_o all_o bring_v forth_o man_n which_o notwithstanding_o the_o bank_n and_o causy_n yet_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o mud_n and_o dregs_n which_o the_o river_n nilus_n bring_v in_o and_o leave_v there_o appear_v yet_o all_o watery_a by_o these_o reason_n both_o the_o one_o and_o other_o nation_n maintain_v their_o antiquity_n but_o as_o concern_v egypt_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o a_o part_n thereof_o be_v sometime_o cover_v with_o water_n all_o that_o which_o be_v above_o memphis_n towards_o the_o mountain_n of_o ethiopia_n have_v be_v sea_n by_o the_o opinion_n of_o herodotus_n and_o strabo_n think_v all_o the_o land_n which_o be_v from_o sienna_n unto_o the_o sea_n water_v with_o the_o river_n nilus_n 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thing_n the_o heaven_n and_o earth_n have_v one_o only_a essence_n and_o form_n but_o that_o afterward_o the_o element_n be_v separate_v one_o from_o the_o other_o the_o world_n take_v that_o order_n in_o which_o we_o see_v it_o now_o among_o which_o element_n there_o befall_v into_o the_o air_n that_o continual_a motion_n which_o it_o have_v and_o to_o the_o fire_n for_o his_o lightness_n that_o place_n which_o it_o have_v above_o the_o air_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n to_o the_o sun_n &_o star_n the_o course_n which_o they_o natural_o keep_v that_o which_o be_v mix_v with_o moisture_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o heaviness_n remain_v in_o the_o same_o mass_n wherhence_o be_v create_v of_o the_o moiste_v the_o sea_n &_o of_o the_o hard_a the_o earth_n be_v soft_a in_o itself_o and_o miry_a which_o when_o it_o be_v first_o dry_v and_o make_v thick_a by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n after_o by_o force_n of_o the_o heat_n lift_v up_o &_o make_v to_o swell_v upward_o there_o grow_v together_o in_o many_o &_o diverse_a place_n thereof_o certain_a humour_n engender_v rottenness_n cover_v and_o hide_v with_o thin_a and_o tender_a skin_n as_o generation_n then_o be_v make_v in_o moist_a thing_n by_o add_v heat_n unto_o it_o and_o the_o air_n blow_v abroad_o by_o night_n feed_v it_o with_o moisture_n which_o be_v strengthen_v in_o the_o day_n time_n by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sun_n final_o these_o rot_a thing_n be_v come_v as_o it_o be_v to_o their_o extremity_n bring_v forth_o as_o if_o the_o time_n of_o their_o childbirth_n have_v be_v come_v the_o figure_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o creature_n and_o live_a thing_n after_o those_o little_a skin_n be_v break_v of_o which_o live_v creature_n such_o as_o have_v receive_v most_o heat_n be_v make_v fly_v bird_n and_o mount_v into_o the_o high_a region_n those_o which_o have_v most_o earth_n remain_v as_o serpent_n and_o such_o other_o beast_n below_o they_o which_o retain_v the_o nature_n of_o water_n be_v put_v in_o the_o element_n of_o their_o complexion_n and_o call_v fish_n then_o the_o earth_n be_v make_v dryer_n from_o thence_o forward_o as_o well_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n as_o by_o the_o wind_n leave_v bring_v forth_o any_o more_o such_o creature_n but_o those_o which_o be_v already_o make_v beget_v other_o by_o continual_a commixtion_n man_n be_v thus_o form_v seek_v their_o live_n in_o the_o field_n lead_v a_o savage_a life_n without_o any_o order_n unto_o who_o the_o herb_n &_o tree_n bring_v forth_o of_o themselves_o that_o which_o be_v necessary_a for_o their_o life_n but_o the_o wild_a beast_n become_v against_o they_o and_o their_o enemy_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o to_o resist_v they_o and_o for_o their_o common_a profit_n they_o begin_v to_o assemble_v together_o give_v aid_n one_o to_o the_o other_o and_o seek_v here_o and_o there_o safe_a place_n for_o their_o habitation_n and_o these_o first_o assembly_n be_v the_o true_a beginning_n of_o every_o people_n and_o nation_n the_o chaldee_n very_o skilful_a in_o astrology_n hold_v opinion_n that_o the_o world_n have_v always_o be_v that_o it_o have_v no_o beginning_n nor_o shall_v have_v no_o end_n aristotle_n have_v be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n and_o that_o all_o live_a creature_n be_v sempiternal_a plato_n in_o his_o three_o and_o twelve_o book_n of_o law_n doubt_v of_o the_o world_n and_o of_o mankind_n whether_o they_o be_v from_o the_o beginning_n or_o no_o say_v that_o the_o generation_n of_o man_n either_o have_v no_o beginning_n or_o that_o it_o begin_v a_o inestimable_a length_n of_o time_n before_o us._n the_o same_o author_n in_o his_o timaeus_n critias_n menexemus_n and_o his_o politic_a be_v of_o opinion_n that_o by_o long_a tract_n of_o time_n the_o vigour_n of_o man_n mind_n and_o fertility_n of_o their_o body_n diminish_v by_o little_a and_o little_a in_o such_o sort_n that_o our_o understanding_n find_v themselves_o as_o it_o be_v deprive_v of_o their_o divinity_n &_o the_o body_n void_a of_o their_o accustom_a fertility_n then_o god_n meaning_n to_o restore_v mankind_n into_o his_o former_a dignity_n drown_v or_o burn_v the_o earth_n temper_v in_o such_o sort_n the_o celestial_a motion_n by_o himself_o which_o be_v their_o mover_n that_o the_o heavenly_a destiny_n give_v place_n and_o concur_v always_o with_o his_o divine_a providence_n and_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v abundant_o water_v with_o fresh_a humour_n and_o make_v fruitful_a by_o the_o heat_n ensue_v do_v bring_v forth_o or_o else_o that_o the_o rain_n fall_v more_o plentiful_o after_o excessive_a heat_n &_o drouth_n there_o be_v engender_v or_o regenerate_v not_o only_o little_a creature_n but_o great_a one_o also_o be_v bear_v of_o the_o earth_n as_o of_o their_o mother_n of_o which_o opinion_n also_o be_v many_o egyptian_n greek_n and_o arabian_n namely_o algazel_n and_o avicen_n with_o who_o aristotle_n agree_v in_o his_o problem_n when_o he_o say_v that_o in_o little_a mutation_n of_o time_n little_a creature_n be_v bring_v forth_o and_o so_o in_o the_o great_a great_a and_o very_o great_a in_o the_o great_a mutation_n the_o jew_n christian_n and_o sar_n azen_n follow_v the_o divine_a prophet_n and_o lawgiver_n moses_n believe_v that_o god_n have_v make_v the_o world_n of_o nothing_o and_o create_v adam_n the_o first_o man_n after_o his_o own_o likeness_n of_o the_o dust_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o breathe_v in_o his_o face_n that_o spirit_n of_o life_n and_o that_o he_o be_v make_v with_o a_o live_a soul_n afterward_o mean_v to_o give_v he_o help_v and_o company_n make_v a_o profound_a sleep_n to_o fall_v on_o he_o and_o be_v a_o sleep_n take_v one_o of_o his_o rib_n and_o make_v eve_n there_o of_o the_o first_o woman_n that_o they_o be_v place_v in_o a_o earthly_a paradise_n where_o be_v
outrage_n do_v by_o king_n roderick_n to_o his_o wife_n cause_v they_o to_o pass_v over_o the_o straight_a of_o sebiâ—a_n and_o to_o come_v into_o spain_n where_o at_o their_o first_o come_v they_o give_v many_o battle_n to_o the_o visigoth_n and_o in_o the_o last_o slay_v all_o their_o nobility_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o spain_n come_v into_o their_o possession_n all_o except_a esture_n and_o biscay_n the_o other_o saracen_n sail_v into_o thrace_n and_o hold_v constantinople_n three_o year_n besiege_v which_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o abandon_v be_v consume_v by_o famine_n and_o pestilence_n an_o other_o time_n they_o come_v into_o italy_n and_o have_v seize_v on_o apulia_n they_o overrun_v the_o country_n as_o far_o as_o the_o port_n of_o hostia_fw-la and_o enter_v into_o rome_n burn_v the_o church_n of_o the_o apostle_n possess_v the_o coast_n of_o tuscan_a of_o province_n and_o languedock_n spoil_v genua_n auignon_n and_o narbona_n go_v into_o the_o gulf_n of_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n where_o they_o overcome_v the_o fleet_n of_o the_o venetian_n after_o so_o many_o conquest_n they_o promise_v themselves_o the_o entire_a monarchy_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n for_o have_v vanquish_v the_o east_n subdue_v africa_n overcome_v italy_n and_o tame_v spain_n they_o do_v not_o think_v there_o be_v any_o nation_n or_o king_n on_o the_o earth_n which_o dare_v undertake_v to_o resist_v they_o make_v account_n to_o subdue_v all_o other_o in_o short_a space_n by_o the_o only_a fear_n of_o their_o name_n ten_o year_n after_o they_o have_v be_v in_o spain_n they_o determine_v to_o pass_v far_o and_o take_v for_o a_o good_a presage_n the_o request_n which_o eudon_n the_o duke_n of_o aquitaine_n make_v unto_o they_o think_v to_o find_v a_o better_a and_o fair_a country_n they_o go_v to_o the_o number_n of_o four_o hundred_o thousand_o into_o gascony_n carry_v with_o they_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n as_o if_o they_o have_v the_o victory_n already_o assure_v for_o see_v all_o thing_n at_o the_o first_o to_o succeed_v unto_o they_o prosperous_o they_o become_v so_o proud_a that_o they_o utter_o disdain_v the_o christian_n they_o have_v already_o overrun_v and_o spoil_v all_o the_o country_n as_o far_o as_o tours_n whither_o be_v come_v with_o their_o great_a army_n they_o be_v encounter_v by_o charles_n martel_n lead_v the_o force_n of_o france_n and_o germany_n where_o he_o discomfit_v ccclxx_o thousand_o have_v lose_v but_o fifteen_o hundred_o of_o he_o it_o be_v not_o remember_v that_o the_o saracen_n be_v ever_o better_o chastise_v or_o lose_v so_o many_o brave_a man_n and_o valiant_a captain_n all_o pass_v the_o edge_n of_o the_o sword_n even_o woman_n and_o little_a child_n while_o the_o saracen_n waste_v and_o overran_a the_o gaul_n two_o comet_n appear_v in_o heaven_n for_o the_o space_n of_o fourteen_o day_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v see_v in_o the_o morning_n before_o the_o sunrising_a and_o other_o in_o the_o evening_n after_o the_o sun_n be_v set_v which_o flame_v look_v towards_o the_o north._n there_o remain_v of_o these_o saracen_n even_o to_o our_o time_n hold_v the_o kingdom_n of_o granado_n where_o hence_o they_o be_v drive_v out_o about_o a_o hundred_o year_n sithence_o and_o clean_o banish_v europe_n by_o king_n ferdinand_n other_o remain_v in_o africa_n and_o have_v lose_v their_o domination_n be_v divide_v into_o many_o seignory_n and_o into_o two_o sort_n of_o people_n whereof_o the_o one_o inhabit_v the_o plain_n &_o the_o city_n the_o other_o wander_v continual_o on_o the_o mountain_n they_o be_v much_o fall_v from_o their_o former_a power_n and_o military_a reputation_n and_o likewise_o from_o their_o excellency_n in_o learning_n a_o comparison_n of_o mahomet_n with_o lycurgus_n minos_n numa_n zoroaster_n zamolsis_n charondas_n zaleucus_n trismegistus_n and_o other_o pagan_a lawmaker_n or_o founder_n of_o city_n and_o empire_n almost_o all_o the_o ancient_a lawmaker_n which_o give_v law_n and_o manner_n of_o live_v unto_o people_n in_o diverse_a country_n and_o season_n feign_a that_o they_o be_v send_v by_o the_o commandment_n of_o god_n think_v by_o this_o mean_n to_o give_v their_o law_n the_o more_o authority_n and_o to_o make_v they_o be_v the_o easy_a receive_v and_o they_o attribute_v they_o unto_o the_o divinity_n under_o different_a name_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o country_n where_o they_o be_v as_o zoroaster_n the_o lawgiver_n of_o the_o bactrian_n and_o of_o the_o persian_n to_o horosmades_n trismegistus_n of_o the_o egyptian_n to_o mercury_n zamolsis_n of_o the_o scythian_n to_o vesta_n charondas_n of_o the_o calcides_n to_o saturn_n minos_n of_o the_o candian_o to_o jupiter_n numa_n of_o the_o roman_n to_o egeria_n and_o such_o other_o personage_n who_o have_v to_o deal_v with_o rude_a and_o rough_a people_n and_o intend_v to_o bring_v in_o great_a novelty_n into_o the_o government_n of_o their_o country_n feign_a that_o they_o have_v communication_n with_o the_o god_n as_o if_o that_o fiction_n have_v be_v profitable_a to_o those_o who_o they_o make_v so_o to_o believe_v so_o mahomet_n purpose_v to_o give_v law_n to_o the_o rude_a and_o gross_a arabian_n live_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o robbery_n on_o the_o mountain_n make_v they_o believe_v that_o he_o receive_v they_o from_o god_n by_o the_o angel_n gabriel_n to_o make_v they_o obey_v they_o the_o more_o willing_o and_o as_o pythagoras_n have_v make_v a_o eagle_n tame_a which_o be_v use_v to_o come_v down_o to_o he_o by_o a_o certain_a voice_n as_o she_o fly_v in_o the_o air_n above_o his_o head_n and_o as_o he_o pass_v through_o the_o olympian_a game_n suffer_v his_o thigh_n to_o be_v see_v which_o seem_v all_o of_o gold_n and_o many_o such_o other_o devise_n which_o be_v tell_v of_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v miracle_n so_o mahomet_n have_v tame_v and_o teach_v a_o pigeon_n which_o come_v to_o eat_v corn_n out_o of_o his_o ear_n which_o to_o deceive_v the_o people_n he_o say_v be_v the_o holy_a ghost_n who_o inspire_v he_o with_o these_o precept_n almost_o all_o founder_n or_o reformer_n of_o common_a weal_n and_o kingdom_n go_v about_o to_o bring_v in_o new_a law_n and_o manner_n seize_v on_o the_o sovereign_a force_n and_o authority_n to_o the_o end_n to_o fear_v and_o to_o refrain_v such_o as_o will_v oppose_v themselves_o against_o it_o know_v that_o such_o alteration_n can_v not_o be_v make_v without_o violence_n and_o force_n and_o that_o otherwise_o they_o shall_v neither_o have_v be_v hear_v nor_o follow_v so_o mahomet_n call_v himself_o the_o prophet_n and_o messenger_n of_o god_n send_v to_o give_v the_o law_n unto_o man_n make_v himself_o believe_v not_o only_o by_o word_n but_o also_o by_o force_n and_o fight_v oftentimes_o against_o his_o adversary_n lycurgus_n refer_v all_o his_o law_n to_o the_o war_n and_o to_o victory_n and_o mahomet_n all_o his_o discipline_n to_o fight_v and_o command_v place_v the_o felicity_n of_o man_n in_o great_a power_n 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