Selected quad for the lemma: nature_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
nature_n	worth_a	year_n	yield_v	28	3	9.3550	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A48895	Some considerations of the consequences of the lowering of interest, and raising the value of money in a letter to a member of Parliament.	Locke, John, 1632-1704.	1692 (1692)	Wing L2760; ESTC R23025	87,869	202

neither_o more_o or_o less_o land_n money_n or_o any_o sort_n of_o commodity_n in_o england_n than_o there_o be_v before_o immediate_o by_o its_o change_n alter_v not_o at_o all_o the_o value_n of_o money_n in_o reference_n to_o commodity_n because_o the_o measure_n of_o that_o be_v only_o the_o quantity_n and_o vent_n which_o be_v not_o immediate_o change_v by_o the_o change_n of_o interest_n but_o only_o as_o the_o change_n of_o interest_n in_o trade_n conduce_v to_o the_o bring_n in_o or_o carry_v out_o money_n or_o commodity_n and_o so_o in_o time_n vary_v their_o proportion_n here_o in_o england_n from_o what_o it_o be_v before_o which_o be_v not_o in_o this_o place_n to_o be_v consider_v this_o be_v perfect_o the_o value_n of_o money_n in_o respect_n of_o consumable_a commodity_n but_o the_o better_a to_o understand_v it_o in_o its_o full_a latitude_n in_o respect_n both_o of_o consumable_a commodity_n and_o land_n too_o we_o must_v consider_v first_o that_o the_o value_n of_o land_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o by_o its_o constant_a production_n of_o saleable_a commodity_n it_o bring_v in_o a_o certain_a yearly_a income_n second_o the_o value_n of_o commodity_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o as_o portable_a and_o useful_a thing_n they_o by_o their_o exchange_n or_o consumption_n supply_v the_o necessary_n or_o conveniency_n of_o life_n three_o in_o m●r●y_n there_o be_v a_o double_a value_n answer_v to_o both_o of_o these_o first_o as_o it_o be_v capable_a by_o its_o interest_n to_o yield_v we_o such_o a_o yearly_a income_n and_o in_o this_o it_o have_v the_o nature_n of_o land_n the_o income_n of_o one_o be_v call_v ren●_n of_o the_o other_o use_v only_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o the_o land_n in_o its_o soil_n be_v different_a as_o some_o fertile_a some_o barren_a and_o the_o product_n of_o it_o very_o various_a both_o in_o their_o sort_n and_o value_v too_o according_a as_o their_o quantity_n and_o vent_n vary_v but_o money●_n constant_o the_o same_o and_o by_o its_o interest_n give_v the_o same_o sort_n of_o product_n through_o the_o whole_a country_n be_v capable_a of_o have_v a_o sixed_a yearly_a rate_n set_v upon_o it_o by_o the_o magistrate_n but_o ●and_n be_v not_o but_o though_o in_o the_o uniformity_n of_o its_o legal_a worth_n 100_o l._n of_o lawful_a money_n be_v all_o through_o england_n equal_a in_o its_o current_a value_n to_o any_o other_o 100_o l._n of_o lawful_a money_n because_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o law_n it_o will_v every_o where_o pass_v for_o as_o much_o ware_n or_o debt_n as_o any_o other_o hundred_o pound_n be_v capable_a to_o have_v its_o yearly_a hire_n value_v better_a than_o land_n yet_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o vary_a need_n and_o necessity_n of_o money_n which_o change_v with_o the_o increase_n or_o decay_v of_o money_n or_o trade_n in_o a_o country_n it_o be_v as_o little_a capable_a to_o have_v its_o yearly_a hire_n fix_v by_o law_n as_o land_n itself_o for_o be_v all_o the_o land_n in_o rumney-marsh_n acre_n for_o acre_n equal_o good_a that_o be_v do_v constant_o produce_v the_o same_o quantity_n of_o equal_o good_a hay_n or_o grass_n one_o as_o another_o the_o rent_n of_o it_o under_o that_o consideration_n of_o every_o acre_n be_v of_o a_o equal_a worth_n will_v be_v capable_a of_o be_v regulate_v by_o law_n and_o one_o may_v as_o well_o enact_v that_o no_o acre_n of_o land_n in_o rumney-marsh_n shall_v be_v let_v for_o above_o 40_o s._n per_fw-la an._n as_o that_o no_o 100_o l._n shall_v be_v let_v for_o above_o 4_o l._n per_fw-la an._n but_o no_o body_n can_v think_v it_o fit_a since_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o equal_a value_n of_o that_o land_n it_o can_v that_o therefore_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n in_o rumney-marsh_n shall_v be_v regulate_v by_o law_n for_o suppose_v all_o the_o land_n in_o rumney-marsh_n or_o in_o england_n be_v all_o of_o so_o equal_a a_o worth_n that_o any_o one_o acre_n compare_v at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o any_o one_o other_o be_v equal_o good_a in_o respect_n of_o its_o product_n yet_o the_o same_o acre_n compare_v with_o itself_o in_o different_a time_n will_v not_o in_o respect_n of_o rent_n be_v of_o equal_a value_n and_o therefore_o it_o will_v have_v be_v a_o unreasonable_a thing_n if_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry●_n ●_z the_o rent_n of_o land_n in_o rumney-marsh_n have_v be_v settle_v by_o a_o law_n according_a to_o the_o judge_v value_n of_o it_o at_o that_o time_n and_o the_o same_o law_n limit_v the_o rent_n perhaps_o to_o 5_o s._n per_fw-la acre_n have_v continue_v still_o the_o absurdity_n and_o impracticableness_n of_o this_o every_o one_o see_v at_o the_o first_o proposal_n and_o ready_o conclude_v within_o himself_o that_o thing_n must_v be_v leave_v to_o find_v their_o own_o price●_n and_o it_o be_v impossible_a in_o this_o their_o constant_a mutability_n for_o human_a foresight_n to_o se●_n rule_n and_o bound_n to_o th●_n constantly-varying_a proportion_n and_o use_v which_o will_v always_o regulate_v their_o value_n they_o who_o consider_v thing_n beyond_o their_o name_n will_v find_v that_o money_n as_o well_o as_o all_o other_o commodity_n be_v liable_a to_o the_o same_o change_n and_o inequality_n nay_o in_o this_o respect_n of_o the_o variety_n of_o its_o value_n bring_v in_o by_o time_n in_o the_o succession_n of_o affair_n the_o rate_n of_o money_n be_v less_o capable_a of_o be_v regulate_v by_o a_o law_n in_o any_o country_n than_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n because_o of_o the_o quick_a change_n that_o happen_v in_o trade_n this_o too_o must_v be_v add_v that_o money_n may_v be_v bring_v in_o or_o carry_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o land_n can_v and_o so_o that_o be_v true_o worth_a 6_o or_o 8_o per_fw-la cent._n this_o year_n which_o will_v yield_v but_o 4_o the_o last_o 2._o money_n have_v a_o value_n as_o it_o be_v capable_a by_o exchange_n to_o procure_v we_o the_o necessary_n or_o conveniency_n of_o life_n and_o in_o this_o it_o have_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o commodity_n only_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o it_o serve_v we_o common_o by_o its_o exchange_n never_o almost_o by_o its_o consumption_n but_o have_v not_o at_o all_o a_o more_o stand_v settle_a value_n in_o exchange_n with_o any_o other_o thing_n than_o any_o other_o commodity_n have_v but_o a_o more_o know_a one_o and_o better_o fix_v by_o name_n number_n and_o weight_n to_o enable_v we_o to_o reckon_v what_o the_o proportion_n of_o scarcity_n and_o vent_n of_o one_o commodity_n be_v to_o another_o for_o suppose_v as_o before_o that_o half_o a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n will_v last_v year_n exchange_v for_o one_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n or_o for_o 15_o l._n weight_n of_o lead_n if_o this_o year_n wheat_n be_v 10_o time_n scarce_a and_o lead_v in_o the_o same_o quantity_n to_o its_o vent_n as_o it_o be_v be_v it_o not_o evident_a that_o half_a a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n will_v still_o exchange_v for_o 15_o l._n of_o lead_n though_o it_o will_v exchange_v but_o for_o one_o ten_o of_o a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n and_o he_o that_o have_v use_v of_o lead_n will_v as_o soon_o take_v 15_o l._n weight_n of_o lead_n as_o ●_o ounce_n of_o silver_n for_o one_o ten_o of_o a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n and_o no_o more_o so_o that_o if_o you_o say_v that_o money_n now_o be_v 9_o 10_o less_o worth_a than_o it_o be_v the_o former_a year_n you_o must_v say_v so_o of_o lead_n too_o and_o all_o other_o thing_n that_o keep_v the_o same_o proportion_n to_o money_n they_o be_v in_o before_o only_o this_o variation_n be_v first_o observe_v in_o money_n because_o it_o be_v the_o measure_n by_o which_o people_n reckon_v for_o call_v that_o half_a ounce_n of_o silver_n half_n a_o crown_n they_o be_v understand_v better_o when_o they_o say_v half_o a_o crown_n or_o two_o shilling_n and_o six_o penny_n will_v now_o but_o 1_o 10_o of_o a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n but_o do_v not_o say_v that_o 15_o l._n of_o lead_n will_v now_o but_o 1_o 10_o of_o a_o bushe●_n of_o wheat_n because_o it_o be_v not_o general_o use_v to_o this_o sort_n of_o reckon_a nor_o do_v the●_n say_v lead_n be_v less_o worth_a than_o it_o be_v though_o in_o respect_n of_o wheat_n lead_v be_v 〈…〉_z worse_o than_o it_o be_v as_o well_o as_o silver_n only_o by_o the_o tale_n of_o shilling_n we_o be_v better_o enable_v to_o judge_v of_o it_o this_o i_o suppose_v be_v the_o true_a value_n of_o m●●ney_n when_o it_o pass_v from_o one_o to_o another_o in_o buy_v and_o sell_v where_o it_o run_v the_o same_o change_n of_o high_a and_o low_o as_o an●_n other_o commodity_n do_v for_o one_o equ●●_n quantity_n whereof_o you_o shall_v receive_v more_o or_o less_o of_o another_o commodity_n at_o on●_n time_n than_o you_o do_v at_o another_o in_o

exchange_n for_o a_o farmer_n that_o carry_v a_o bushel_n ●_o wheat_n to_o market_n and_o a_o labourer_n th●●_n carry_v half_o a_o crown_n shall_v find_v that_o the_o money_n of_o one_o as_o well_o as_o corn_n of_o the_o other_o shall_v at_o some_o time_n purchase_v he_o more_o or_o less_o leather_n or_o salt_n according_a as_o they_o be_v in_o great_a plenty_n and_o scarcity_n one_o to_o another_o so_o that_o in_o exchange_n of_o coin_a silver_n for_o any_o other_o commodity_n which_o be_v buy_v and_o sell_v the_o same_o measure_n govern_v the_o proportion_n you_o receive_v as_o if_o you_o exchange_v lead_v or_o wheat_n or_o any_o other_o commodity_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o their_o quantity_n in_o proportion_n to_o their_o vent_n if_o then_o change_v of_o use_n make_v not_o your_o silver_n more_o in_o sp●ci●_fw-la or_o your_o wheat_n or_o other_o commodity_n less_o it_o will_v not_o have_v any_o influence_n at_o all_o to_o make_v it_o exchange_v for_o less_o of_o wheat_n or_o any_o other_o commodity_n than_o it_o will_v have_v on_o lead_n to_o make_v it_o exchange_v for_o less_o wheat_n or_o any_o other_o commodity_n money_n therefore_o in_o buy_v and_o sell_v being_n perfect_o in_o the_o same_o condition_n with_o other_o commodity_n and_o subject_a to_o all_o the_o same_o law_n of_o value_n let_v we_o next_o see_v how_o it_o come_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o land_n by_o yield_v a_o certain_a yearly_a income_n which_o we_o call_v use_v or_o interest_n for_o land_n produce_v natural_o something_a new_a and_o profitable_a and_o of_o value_n to_o mankind_n but_o money_n be_v a_o barren_a thing_n and_o produce_v nothing_o but_o by_o compact_n transfer_v that_o profit_n that_o be_v the_o reward_n of_o one_o man_n labour_n into_o another_o man_n pocket_n that_o which_o occasion_n this_o be_v the_o unequal_a distribution_n of_o money_n which_o inequality_n have_v the_o same_o effect_n too_o upon_o land_n that_o it_o have_v upon_o money_n for_o my_o have_v more_o money_n in_o my_o hand_n than_o i_o can_v or_o be_o dispose_v to_o use_v in_o buy_v and_o sell_v make_v i_o able_a to_o lend_v and_o another_o want_n of_o so_o much_o money_n as_o he_o can_v employ_v in_o trade_n make_v he_o willing_a to_o borrow_v but_o why_o then_o and_o for_o what_o consideration_n do_v he_o pay_v use_v for_o the_o same_o reason_n and_o upon_o as_o good_a consideration_n as_o the_o tenant_n pay_v rend_v for_o your_o land_n for_o as_o the_o unequal_a distribution_n of_o land_n you_o have_v more_o than_o you_o can_v or_o will_v manure_v and_o another_o less_o bring_v you_o a_o tenant_n for_o your_o land_n and_o the_o same_o unequal_a distribution_n of_o money_n i_o have_v more_o than_o i_o can_v or_o will_v employ_v and_o another_o less_o bring_v i_o a_o tenant_n for_o my_o money_n so_o my_o money_n be_v apt_a in_o trade_n by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o borrower_n to_o produce_v more_o than_o 6_o per_fw-la cent._n to_o the_o borrower_n as_o well_o a●_n your_o land_n by_o the_o labour_n of_o the_o tenant_n be_v apt_a to_o produce_v more_o fruit_n than_o his_o rent_n come_v to_o and_o therefore_o deserve_v to_o be_v pay_v for_o as_o well_o as_o land_n by_o a_o yearly_a rent_n for_o though_o the_o usurer_n money_n will_v bring_v in_o no_o yearly_a profit_n if_o he_o do_v not_o lend_v it_o suppose_v he_o employ_v it_o not_o himself_n and_o so_o his_o six_o per_fw-la cent._n may_v seem_v to_o be_v the_o fruit_n of_o another_o man_n labour_n yet_o he_o share_v not_o near_o so_o much_o of_o the_o profit_n of_o another_o man_n labour_n as_o he_o that_o let_v land_n to_o a_o tenant_n for_o without_o the_o tenant_n industry_n suppose_v as_o before_o the_o owner_n will_v not_o manage_v it_o himself_o his_o land_n will_v yield_v he_o little_a or_o no_o profit_n so_o that_o the_o rent_n he_o receive_v be_v a_o great_a portion_n of_o the_o fruit_n of_o his_o tenant_n labour_v than_o the_o use_n be_v at_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z for_o general_o he_o that_o borrow_v 1000_o l._n at_o six_o per_fw-la cent._n and_o so_o pay_v 60_o l._n per_fw-la a●num_fw-la use_v get_v more_o above_o his_o use_n in_o one_o year_n by_o his_o industry_n than_o he_o that_o rent_n a_o farm_n of_o 60_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la get_v in_o two_o above_o his_o rent_n though_o his_o labour_n be_v hard_a it_o be_v evident_a therefore_o that_o he_o that_o have_v skill_n in_o traffic_n but_o have_v not_o money_n enough_o to_o exercise_v it_o have_v not_o only_a reason_n to_o borrow_v money_n to_o drive_v his_o trade_n and_o get_v a_o livelihood_n but_o as_o much_o reason_n to_o pay_v use_n for_o that_o money_n as_o he_o that_o not_o have_v land_n of_o his_o own_o yet_o have_v skill_n in_o husbandry_n have_v not_o only_a reason_n to_o rend_a land_n but_o to_o pay_v money_n for_o the_o use_v of_o it_o it_o follow_v that_o borrow_v money_n upon_o use_n be_v not_o only_o by_o the_o necessity_n of_o affair_n and_o the_o constitution_n of_o humane_a society_n unavoidable_a to_o some_o man_n but_o that_o also_o to_o receive_v profit_n for_o the_o loan_n of_o money_n be_v as_o equitable_a and_o lawful_a as_o receive_v rend_v for_o land_n and_o more_o tolerable_a to_o the_o borrower_n notwithstanding_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o over-scrupulous_a men._n this_o be_v so_o one_o will_v expect_v that_o the_o rate_n of_o interest_n shall_v be_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o value_n of_o land_n in_o number_n of_o year_n purchase_v for_o which_o the_o fee_n be_v sell_v for_o 100_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v equal_a to_o 100_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o so_o to_o perpetuity_n and_o 100_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v the_o product●_n of_o 1000_o l._n when_o interest_n be_v at_o 10_o per_fw-la cent._n of_o 1250_o l._n when_o interest_n be_v at_o 8_o per_fw-la cent._n of_o 1666_o l._n or_o thereabouts_o when_o interest_n be_v at_o 6_o per_fw-la cent._n of_o 2000_o l._n when_o money_n be_v at_o 5_o per_fw-la cent._n of_o 2500_o l._n when_o money_n be_v at_o 4_o per_fw-la cent._n one_o will_v conclude_v i_o say_v that_o land_n shall_v sell_v in_o proportion_n to_o use_v according_a to_o these_o follow_a rate_n viz._n when_o money_n be_v at_o 10_o per_fw-la cent._n for_o 10_o year_n purchase_n when_o money_n be_v at_o 8_o per_fw-la cent._n for_o 12_o 1_o ●_o year_n purchase_v when_o money_n be_v at_o 6_o per_fw-la cent._n for_o 16_o ●_o ●_o year_n purchase_v when_o money_n be_v at_o 5_o per_fw-la cent._n for_o 20_o year_n purchase_n when_o money_n be_v at_o 4_o per_fw-la cent._n for_o 25_o year_n purchase_n but_o experience_n tell_v we_o that_o neither_o in_o queen_n elizabeth_n nor_o king_n james_n the_o first_o reign_v when_o interest_n be_v at_o ten_o per_fw-la cent._n be_v land_n sell_v for_o ten_o or_o when_o it_o be_v at_o eighth_n per_fw-mi cent_z for_o 12_o ½_o year_n purchase_v or_o any_o thing_n near_o the_o low_a rate_n that_o high_o use_v require_v if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o rate_n of_o interest_n govern_v the_o price_n of_o land_n any_o more_o than_o land_n now_o yield_v 25_o year_n purchase_n because_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o moneyed_a man_n will_v now_o let_v their_o money_n upon_o good_a security_n at_o four_o per_fw-la cent._n thus_o we_o see_v in_o fact_n how_o little_a this_o rule_n have_v hold_v at_o home_n and_o he_o that_o will_v look_v into_o holland_n will_v find_v that_o the_o purchase_n of_o land_n be_v not_o raise_v there_o when_o their_o interest_n fall_v this_o be_v certain_a and_o past_a doubt_n that_o the_o legal_a interest_n can_v never_o regulate_v the_o price_n of_o land_n since_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o price_n of_o land_n have_v never_o change_v with_o it_o in_o the_o several_a change_n have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o rate_n of_o interest_n by_o law_n nor_o now_o that_o the_o rate_n of_o interest_n be_v by_o law_n the_o same_o through_o all_o england_n be_v the_o price_n of_o land_n every_o where_o the_o same_o it_o be_v in_o some_o part_n constant_o sell_v for_o 4_o or_o 5_o year_n purchase_v more_o than_o in_o other_o whether_o you_o or_o i_o can_v tell_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o it_o matter_n not_o to_o the_o question_n in_o hand_n but_o it_o be_v real_o so_o this_o be_v plain_a demonstration_n against_o those_o who_o pretend_v to_o advance_v and_o regulate_v the_o price_n of_o land_n by_o a_o law_n concern_v the_o interest_n of_o money_n but_o yet_o i_o will_v give_v you_o some_o of_o my_o guess_n why_o the_o price_n of_o land_n be_v not_o regulate_v as_o at_o first_o sight_n it_o seem_v it_o shall_v be_v by_o the_o interest_n of_o money_n why_o it_o be_v not_o regulate_v by_o the_o legal_a use_n be_v manifest_a because_o the_o rate_n of_o