things Hence the ancient Fathers inuented the word Trinity to signify the plurality of persons in one substance Homousios to expresse the consubstantiality of the Sonne with the Father Theotokos to maintaine the personall vnion of both natures in Christ and six hundred such like words vtterly vnknown vnto former ages Ibid. old matters as the same Athanasius saith Cap. 18. receiuing new names those new names couching vnder them no new meaning According whereunto Vincentius Lirinensis though he would not haue his Timothie to broach new things yet giueth him leaue to teach the same things he hath learned after a new manner Being therfore warrāted both by the precept practice of the Primitiue Church I see no cause but that euen in this point also I may be permitted to vse new tearmes Perhaps you will say that not only the tearme wherewith it is inuested but the matter hereof is also new for so much your questions out of Hierome and Tertullian and the floud of words following with not a drop of reason in them seeme to import Whereunto though I haue already sufficiently answered yet now I adde by way of surplus that many Truths lye a long time hidden in their principles and vnheeded of the wisest which being at length disclosed and brought to light are not therefore new in themselues but onely vnto vs comming newly vnto our knowledge euen as the countrey of America is called the new world not because it is of a latter creation then Europe Asia or Africa but only because it is of a later discouery These Conclusions vntill their dependency and coherence with the principles doe manifestly appeare vnto vs it sufficeth to beleeue them implicitly and in the preparation of the Minde but when they shall bee vnfolded out of their principles and clearly demonstrated vnto vs by necessary deduction from them we are bound to yeeld distinct and expresse assent vnto them And then as it would haue been great folly in the Spaniard to haue refused the gold and treasures of the new world because it was found out not by the old Argonauts but by Christopher Columbus a late sailer so would it bee great sinne in vs to disclaime and renounce the benefit of a truth because it is made known vnto vs not by an ancient Father but by a man of yesterday or to day Iam. 2.1 For this were to haue the faith of God in respect of persons as S. Iames saith and to restraine the gift of the Spirit of Wisdome and reuelation vnto the times of our predecessors as if they only had eyes giuen them to spie out truths and it were impossible for vs to see what they saw not although wee caried the Sunne in our hands as Lactantius speaketh Now then to apply this vnto the matter in hand if the point you quarell at bee not onely new vnto the present custome De Ciuit. Dei lib. 22. c. 7. as S. Augustin speaketh but also contrary vnto reason and the grounds of Faith I confesse it is erronious and iustly may you come vpon mee with your demaunds out of Hierome and Tertullian Ep. 23. ad Paulin. De veland virg cap. 1. who are you whence when that after 400. yeeres you should goe about to teach vs what wee knew not before But if it bee new only vnto vs and not in it selfe then doe I answer your Hierome with Hierome Weigh not truth by time and Tertullian with Tertullian Nor space of times nor patronage of persons nor priuiledge of places may prescribe against truth For that which is no otherwise new is true and as the truth of God is with all reuerence and submission to bee embraced Howbeit this I say not as if I would be thought to bee the first discouerer hereof or that it had laine hid as it were in the pit of Democritus vntill this time For that there is a Faith whose obiect is the Person of the Mediator was neuer yet vnknowne in the Church but hath euer beene manifest euen from the beginning Search the Scriptures and you shall find therein nothing more cleere then this For as in the treatise sent you I haue shewed the whole tenor of them runs thus Hee that beleeueth in mee shall not perish Ioh. 3.16 Ioh. 14.1 Ioh. 1.12 yee beleeue in God beleeue also in mee As many as receiued him to them hee gaue power to bee the Sonnes of God that is to them that beleeue in him c. Rom. 3.22.26 Gal. 2.16.3.22 Phil. 3.9 Iam. 2.1 Reu. 2.13.14.12 Whereunto I adde that in sundry places it is expresly called the Faith of Iesus Christ not because it inhereth in Christ as in a Subiect but for that it hath relation and respect vnto Christ as vnto the right Obiect And that at length it appeareth both that the matter is euery way old though the tearme bee new and that new tearmes may bee giuen to old matters euen of this kind so as they bee proper determined and adequated thereunto It remaineth onely to shew that such is the tearme which here I vse For proofe whereof I say no more but this that if our best Diuines haue conueniently distinguished other Faiths according to their obiects calling one Faith of story because Scripture story another Faith of Promise because the Euangelicall promise a third Faith of Miracles because miracles are the proper obiect of them I see no reason why I may not as freely and as fitly call that Faith of Person which hath for its Obiect the Person of Iesus Christ Neither can I conceiue if this bee an inkhorne tearme as it pleaseth your elegancy to tearme it why Faith of Story Faith of Promise Faith of Miracles should not bee inkhorne-tearmes also But you are a very nice and dainty man you can tast no wine how old or generous soeuer vnlesse the cup out of which you drinke it bee grauen by Myron or Polycletus N. B. But this hath beene the course of all fanaticall spirits in all ages moued with 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Phil 1.14 selfe-loue contention hypocrisie and couetousnesse De Haeresibus ad Quodvult Deum to condemne all others to set vp and stablish their owne fantasies Read Augustine yea see the Ecclesiasticall histories Eusebius Sozomen Euagrius Dorotheus Vincentius c. there shall you see whereupon these Schismes in the Church began Let mee therefore intreate you if you will needs deale in these graue causes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 yet that you will deale also 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 well as becommeth a wise man For otherwise you shall bewray your mind desirous of nouelties hazard your credit offend the Church yea as hee saith take vpon you to glew an egge Diogenianus loosing your labour and making your selfe ridiculous to the best I. D. What hath beene the course of fanaticall spirits in all ages and whereupon they haue been moued to beginne their Schismes in the Church I am not now to learne
of you neither needed you in this point so to flourish with your Greeke or to make such a rumble with the names of Eusebius Sozomen Euagrius Dorotheus Vincentius and the rest But what my inward motiues haue beene and with what affection I haue proceeded in this businesse God and my owne conscience are a sufficient theater for your tongue is not the fanne of this floore And seeing my earnest protestation in my preface cannot perswade your vncharitable heart to entertaine a better opinion of my sincere and vpright meaning in this cause but that you will notwithstanding reckon me in the number of fanaticall spirits possessed with selfe-loue contention hypocrisie and couetousnesse condemning all other to set vp and stablish their owne fantasies I appeale vnto him who alone knoweth the heart and trieth the raines Ep. 69. ad Florent Pupian and say vnto you in the words of S. Cyprian These things haue I written out of a pure mind and conscience and with stedfast trust vpon my Lord and God You haue my letters I haue yours in the day of iudgement both shall bee rehearsed before the tribunall of Christ Whereas you intreat mee to deale in this graue cause well and as becommeth a wise man surely hitherto I haue indeuoured so to doe how well I haue performed it I leaue vnto the censure of the Church and specially of those vnto whom the Spirits of the Prophets are subiect In the meane season pardon mee if I feare none of those dangers you threaten vnto mee How your selfe will auoid them I cannot tell for neuer was there man wrote with lesse reason and more follie Treatise Three Faiths there seeme to be which lay claime and title to the priuiledge of iustification Faith of History Faith of promise and Faith of Person The first is an assent of the mind vnto the truth of Gods Word and specially the Gospell And this whether it bee Acquisite or Infused hath no interest in the matter of iustification For besides that is absurd generall knowledge should iustifie N. B. That you dare bee so bold to make such a distribution of Faith I impute it to your desire of nouelties Eph. 4. as you say in the words last betweene vs debated I tell you there is but one Faith and that a true and liuely working Faith Knowledge the beginning Application or Apprehension the Progresse Rest the end of Faith and this onely is iustifying Faith and comprehendeth your three nice distinctions and is compounded of them all conioyned together the first the beginning the second the progresse the third being the end I. D. It is not desire of noueltie in mee but loue of confusion in you that dare not haue those things distinguished which in their natures are diuided For distinction of that which is ambiguous Top. 1. c. vlt. saith Aristotle is the prime and most necessary principle both of defining and disputing well the neglect whereof insteed of profitable reasoning about matters of substance induceth fruitlesse contention and iangling about words Now that Faith is equiuocall and needeth distinction appeares first by reason for that it comprehendeth vnder it sometime more and sometime fewer things is both affirmed and denied of the same persons is a word of accident attributed to diuers Subiects not contained vnder one next Genus as to the Elect to Reprobates to Diuels Secondly by authority Ser. de temp 181. It is one thing to belieue a God another to yeeld beliefe vnto God another to belieue on God saith Augustine There is a kind of gift equiuocally called Faith saith Oecumenius In 1. Cor. 13. In 1. Cor. 12. Not Faith of doctrines but Faith of miracles saith Theophilact There is one Faith of Precepts another of Signes another of Promises saith Bernard The same among the latter writers confesseth Melancthon Martyr Kemnitius Hiperius Caluin Vrsin Foxe Perkins and who not Nay behold Saul himselfe also among the Prophets for besides that anon you acknowledge Faith sometime to bee spoken abusiuely and by an equiuocation you doe expresly both in your margent and text affirme that there are three kinds of Faith and approue the same distribution which here you condemne in me For all this I tell you say you there is but one Faith and that is iustifying Faith Shall I now say vnto you as elsewhere you doe vnto mee that you speake pure Bellarmine De Iustif l. 2. cap. 4. For indeed you vse the very language of that Iesuit Sectaries saith hee vnderstanding Protestants are wont to distinguish three faiths of history of miracles of promises but Catholicks teach that they are one and the same Faith and that iustifying Faith But doth not the Apostle in the place here quoted by you auouch that there is but one Faith yes verily but thereby in the iudgement of the best Diuines hee meaneth not that Faith whereby wee doe belieue but that which we doe belieue that is not the Habit but the Obiect of Faith as if hee should more plainely say there is but one Christian Religion And although in regard of the variety and multitude of materiall obiects there may seeme to bee not one but many Faiths yet because the formall reason wherefore we doe belieue them is but one namely diuine testimony and they are in such sort linked and woouen together that one Article cannot bee denied without the dissolution of the whole Creed all being according to the old rule one copulatiue it is therefore rightly and iustly called one Faith Finally where you say Faith comprehendeth my three nice distinctions and is compounded of them all I answer that such composition is altogether impossible for Faith of Story and Faith of Promise are in the Vnderstanding but Faith of Person is in the Will and it cannot be that one and the same Habit should bee subiectiuely in two seuerall faculties of so different natures For the Habit that is for example in Peter is one in number and that which is one in number is indiuisible and that which is indiuisible cannot bee at once in two Subiects because as Philosophie teacheth Numeration is from the plurality of Subiects This M. Perkins saw On the Creed and therefore saith Some doe place Faith partly in the Mind partly in the Will because it hath two parts Knowledge Affiance but it seemes not greatly to stand with reason that one particular and single Grace should bee seated in diuers parts or Faculties of the Soule And this also you cannot bee ignorant was answered in my treatise vnto the same obiection which obiection I maruell how you can with modestie and credit mention vnlesse withall you were prouided to satisfie my answer But seeing as Cicero saith of Hortensius when you haue ought to say you haue not the power to hold your peace Verrin 3. it is an euident and strong presumption now that you say nothing that you haue nothing to say N. B. Bleare not the eyes of Gods
like a boat in a storme without a Pilote answering tumultuarily what euer comes next to head and scorning like another Cassius Seuerus to keep either in method your matter Tacit. vel potiùs Quintil. de causs corrupt eloq or modestie in your words But as you lead the dance so must I needs follow Thus therefore you argue No man can be damned hauing iustifying Faith A man may be damned resting his will vpon Christ his merits Ergo Resting of the will vpon Christ and his merits is not iustifying Faith The Maior I grant the Minor thus you confirme Hee that wanteth sanctification may bee damned A man resting his will vpon Christ and his merits may want sanctification Ergo a man resting his will vpon Christ and his merits may be damned The Maior againe I grant if you vnderstand it either thus Hee that finally wanteth sanctification shall bee damned or thus Hee that wanteth present sanctification is for the present in the state of damnation for otherwise the Elect vntill their effectuall vocation want sanctification and yet shall neuer actually be damned The Minor you barely affirme but confirme not thinking it as it seemes proofe inough if you say it and subscribe thereunto Witnesse our selfe vnto this argument therefore I answer two things First that you are a very vnkind and vngratefull man that hauing now the third or fourth time borowed arguments of me to serue your need haue not the good manners to say mee God a mercy for it or to acknowledge to whom you haue beene beholding For in my Treatise thus I obiected against my selfe If Faith be Affiance then the wicked may haue it for Balaam desired to die the death of the Righteous and some receiue the Word with ioy belieuing for a time And vnto this obiection in the same Treatise I gaue a sufficient and full solution distinguishing betweene that Affiance which is sleight and superficiall and that which is setled and grounded as there you may read more at large for thither I referre you But because Hecub act 2. as Euripides saith the same speech spoken by diuerse persons is not alike entertained peraduenture this answer would be better accepted if you might haue it from the mouth of greater authority Read then M. Perkins exposition of the Creed whereupon the first word I Belieue hee intreats of the nature of Faith and you shall find in effect the same obiection in like manner answered and distinction made betweene the fleeting motions desires of them who liue still in their sins after the course of the world the Desire of reconciliation that comes from a bruzed heart brings with it alwayes reformation amendment of life This solution howsoeuer now you haue cunningly dissembled yet I must pray you the next time not to ouerslip it for otherwise you shall bee counted but a miching disputer and no whit at all disaduantage your aduersary fighting against him with no better weapon then a rusty sword both edge and point rebated Secondly I answer vnto your Minor negatiuely denying that such Resting of the will vpon Christ and his merits as wee haue described and in the definition vnderstand can at any time bee separated from Sanctification For besides that it is contrary vnto your owne Positions as anon in the due place shall bee obserued it is also flatly repugnant vnto the rules of holy Scripture For doth not the Scripture pronounce them all Blessed that retire themselues vnto the Lord Psal 2.12 Psal 25.2 Psal 125.1 that they shall not bee ashamed that put their trust in him that they shall be like vnto mount Sion which can neuer bee remoued but standeth fast for euermore 2 Chron. 16 8.9 that to rest vpon the Lord is to bee of a perfect heart Finally doth it not affirme that whosoeuer receiueth Christ and belieueth in him Ioh. 1.12 Rom. 4.5 Ioh. 3.36 1 Ioh. 5.1 Rom. 8.1.14 is the Son of God is iustified before God hath euerlasting life is borne of God is led by the Spirit of God and walketh not after the flesh but after the Spirit vnlesse therefore vtterly stripping your selfe of all modesty you will put on the forehead of an harlot and say that all these things may bee affirmed of the Vnsanctified man how can you possibly auouch that a man resting his will vpon Christ retiring vnto him trusting on him belieuing in him and accepting of him to bee his Mediator can be without sanctification and for want thereof bee damned eternally Nay whosoeuer accepteth Iesus Christ for his Mediator submitteth himselfe as wee haue shewed not onely vnto his Prophecy and Priesthood but also vnto his Kingdome and if hee submit himselfe vnto his Kingdome that is vnto his rule and gouernment how can hee bee Vnsanctified for the Vnsanctified man subiecteth himselfe vnto the Flesh and not vnto the Spirit of Christ Act. 15.9 where by the way you may obserue defining Faith in this sort how and after what manner it purifieth the heart and begetteth in vs sanctity and newnesse of life whereas defining it by Assurance as you doe it doth not readily appeare how such Assurance can bee the principle and reason of our Sanctification True it is that Assurance may bee vnto vs a strong motiue to proceed on in Sanctification and holynesse of life but it is so farre from causing it that it is rather caused by it For by our holy life and conuersation as by the fruites doe wee necessarily gather that Faith which is the cause thereof is in vs and so grow to an Assurance of our Iustification and present state in grace In regard whereof Saint Peter as it is in the vulgar translation and some Greeke copies commandeth by good works to make our calling and election sure 2 Pet. 1.10 And although in sundry copies and translations By good works is omitted yet the addition thereof misliketh not Beza In loc praed Ibid. and Fulke confesseth that the circumstance of the place doth of necessity require that good works bee vnderstood though they bee not expressed in the text On the other side if you define Faith with mee to bee that Act whereby wee accept and make choice of Christ to bee our Mediator that is to say our Prophet Priest and King who seeth not that this Faith working in vs a free and voluntary subiection vnto the Kingdom of Christ is the very purifier of our hearts and the cause of all our holy studies and indeuours whence also it appeareth what the reason is why our Sauiour vnto belieuing in the Sonne opposeth Disobedience vnto him when hee saith Ioh. 3.36 Hee that belieueth in the Sonne hath euerlasting life and hee that obeyeth not the Sonne shall not see life but the wrath of God abideth on him namely because as Acceptation of him to bee our King is the root of all Obedience so the reiection and refusall of him to bee our King is the very
proued against the first that Faith is not a Knowledge or Assurance against the thirteenth that the onely proper Obiect of Faith is the Person of the Mediator and against the foureteenth that the Forme thereof is Affiance and not any such Relation or Certainty The ninth sixteenth and seuenteenth in part I deny the ninth where you make Faith and Knowledge to bee conuertible which I haue proued to haue different natures and Definitions the sixteenth where you affirme Resting vpon Christ to bee an effect of Faith which I haue demonstrated to bee the Forme and proper Act of Faith the seuenteenth where you say that the subiect of Faith is both the Vnderstanding and the Will against which I haue shewed that it is impossible for one and the same Habit to be subiectiuely in two seuerall faculties of the Soule The rest of your Positions sauing the inconuenience of some tearmes and setting a fauourable construction vpon them I acknowledge to bee true and because as the Apostle speaketh I can doe nothing against the truth but for the truth therefore I oppose them not but readily and willingly yeeld and subscribe vnto them But Master Baxter in all this long discourse of Faith hauing spoken so carefully of the Definition of Faith of the vnity of it in kind and difference of it in number and degree of the imperfection sufficiencie efficient principall and instrumentall of the obiect both in generall and speciall of the forme and end both Subordinate and Highest finally of the Effects Subiects and adiuncts thereof in all this long discourse I say how is it that wee heare not so much as a word of Iustification which notwithstanding is the immediate and proper Effect of Faith Immediate because it is the first fruite and benefit that springeth of it and commeth before Adoption and Sanctification proper because it is the Act of Faith onely and not of any other Grace which iustifies a man before God Whether it were of negligence or of policy that you haue omitted so materiall and necessary a point I cannot say If of negligence it deserues a seuere chastisement if of policy it was I think you foresaw what a dangerous consequence would follow thereupon For if you had placed Iustification as needs you must haue done if you had mentioned it among the Effects of Faith the Reader possibly might haue reasoned thus If iustification be an Effect of Faith and so follow after Faith then cannot Assurance of Iustification bee Faith because it is an effect of Iustification and followes after for it is necessary that a man bee iustified before hee can bee assured that hee is iustified And thus you had cast away your whole pot of broth 2 King 4.39 if you had not warily kept this Coloquintida out of it But vpon what ground soeuer you haue forborne to speake of this point I will by your leaue supply this defect and in a word or two shew you in what sense I affirme that Affiance iustifies and deny it of Assurance for in some sort Assurance also may bee said to iustifie Iustification is a law-tearme and is opposed vnto Condemnation As therefore Condemnation is the sentence of a iudge pronouncing a man to be guilty and deliuering him ouer to bee punished so is Iustification also the sentence of a iudge but absoluing and acquitting a man both from crime and punishment Now there are three barres at which all men are arraigned and three Iudges who at their seuerall barres either iustify vs or condemne vs that is to say the barre of God the barre of Conscience and the barre of Men. If wee bee condemned at all these barres and by all these Iudges wee are of all creatures the most miserable if wee bee absolued at them all and by them all of all men wee be the most blessed Againe if Men acquit vs what booteth it if our owne Conscience condemne vs and if our Conscience acquit vs what auaileth it if God condemne vs for who can deliuer the prey out of the pawes of that Lion On the contrary side if men condemne vs it mattereth not so as our Conscience doe absolue vs and if our Conscience also doe condemne vs yet happy are we if God absolue vs for God is greater then our Conscience What that is 1 Ioh. 3.20 for which sentence of Condemnation passeth vpon vs at any of these bars there is no question for it is well knowne to bee sinne sinne I say which is so indeed or at least is so in appearance For although nothing appeare vnto God otherwise then it is so that there can bee no error in his iudgement yet our owne consciences and other men may easily bee deceiued and mistaken and so without cause oftentimes pronounce sentence of Condemnation What then is that by which wee are iustifyed and absolued from our sins and the punishment of death due vnto them Surely that which is contrary vnto sinne euen Righteousnesse What Righteousnesse Phil. 3.9 for as the Apostle distinguisheth there is a Righteousnesse which is of the law and there is a righteousnesse which is of Faith by the former shall no flesh liuing bee iustified by the latter euery one that Belieueth is iustified God iustifieth vs at his barre when hee seeth our Faith that by firme Affiance wee rest and rely our selues vpon Christ to bee our Mediator accepting him to bee our Prophet Priest and King for then according vnto promise doth hee accept the Passiue obedience of Christ to satisfy for our sinnes past and imputeth vnto vs his Actiue obedience to supply the want of that perfect legall righteousnesse which should be in vs. Our Conscience iustifies vs at his barre when it is perswaded that God hath already iustified vs for as long as it is perswaded that God condemneth it cannot acquit vs. If the perswasion of the Conscience be built vpon a sandy and deceitfull foundation it is rather vaine presumption then true assurance and the iudgement that it giueth is erronious but if it bee grounded vpon infallible euidence euen the testimony of the Spirit of God Rom. 8.16 witnessing with our spirits that wee are the sons of God then is the Assurance sound and certaine and the sentence pronounced thereupon iust and rightfull Phil. 4.7 whence presently ariseth in our soules such vnconceiuable peace as passeth all vnderstanding and such durable ioy as nothing can take from vs. Finally Men iustify vs at their barre also Ioh. 16.22 Mat. 5.16 when our light so shineth before them that they see our good works which are the fruits of Faith and a good Conscience and thereby are moued to glorify our Heauenly Father as being perswaded in the iudgement of Charity that they are indeed as they seeme to bee euen iustified before God and borne againe of water and the Holy Ghost This iudgement because it is built vpon probability onely and not vpon certainty for who knowes whether the outward appearance come from
not the Faith of the Creed because we question it whether the Apostles were authors of it or no. As if to doubt of the author were to doubt of the truth of the matter or as if all those Ancients reiected the epistle to the Hebrewes for Apocryphall which were not resolued who wrote it whether Paul or Barnabas or Luke or Clemens Secondly how weaklie Popish traditions are supported by the tradition of this Creed For not being the Apostles how can it be a tradition of the Apostles or if it be a tradition of theirs yet is it such a tradition as is written contayned in Scripture and such wee willingly receiue Let them proue the rest of their pretended traditions to be such and we will readily embrace them also But returne wee to our purpose This Creed by whomsoeuer it was made is intituled 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Symbol the reason whereof we are now to inquire To let passe those barbarous and iocular notations which ignorant Monks haue giuen of it lest relating them I should both spend time defile my paper some deriue it from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifying as they say a shote or reckoning Ruff. Symb. Aug. ser de tem 115. for that the Apostles meeting together to compile it did each conferre his article as it were his symbole for defraying of this heauenly banket But first the Apostles as we haue declared neuer compiled this Creed Secondly if they compiled it yet as Antonius Nebrisensis saith Quinquag c. 40. it is neither credible nor likely that each of them conferred his particle seeing in those things that are constituted and decreed by many it is not the manner for euery one seuerally to put his word or saying into it but for all iointly to agree vpon the whole Adde hereunto that if it were so men would neuer haue diuided the Creed as they haue done some into seuen articles because of the seuen gifts of the holy ghost very many others into fourteen but onely into twelue according to the number of the Apostles who dictated each of them his article Lastly not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifieth a shote as the learned know neither can it bee shewed to bee otherwise in any Greeke writer Indeed in Latine writers yee shall sometimes find Symbolum so vsed yet that it is found so in any skilfull Criticks impute it to the ignorance of Notaries and by the warrant of the best Manuscripts restore the Feminine Symbola into the roome thereof Others fetch it from Symbolum signifying a Pledge or token and first such a pledge whereby persons espoused bind themselues to bee faithfull and true one vnto another because likewise in our spirituall espousals with Christ as he giues vnto vs his blessed spirit as an earnest of his constant loue to vs so wee returne backe againe the profession of our faith as a firme pledge of our loyalty and subiection to him This reason caries good likelyhood and proportion with it So doth also the next when it signifieth tesseram hospitalem such a token as Cities were wont to giue vnto their friends that shewing it they might find friendly entertainment in confederate townes or such as one friend was wont to giue vnto an other to the like end Which how it fits the amitie and frienship betweene Christ vs who sees not Neuerthelesse I rather thinke it is so called from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as it signifieth a watchword For the Primitiue Church seemeth much to haue beene delighted with militare terms I suppose because in Scripture Christians are so often compared vnto souldiers And hence it is that the Church is distinguished into Militant and Triumphant that Heathen are called Pagans in opposition vnto souldiers that the two mysteries of the Church are termed Sacraments a word importing that oath of obedience which souldiers take vnto their Generals In like manner may the Creed be called a Symbole because it is as a watchword by which true Orthodoxe Christians many discerne one from the other Painims Iewes Turks and Hereticks Heerwith agreeth Maximus Taurinensis Symbolum tessera est signaculum quo inter fideles perfidosque secernitur Hom. de trad Symb. the Symbole is a watchword or marke by which Faithfull and Faithles men are discerned And Ambrose De voland Virg. l. 3. Symbolum cordis signaculum est nostrae militiae sacramentum the Symbole is the seale of the heart and the sacrament of our warfare In Symb. And Ruffin Nequa doli surreptio fiat symbola discreta unusquisque dux suis militibus tradit quae Latine vel signa vel indicia nominantur ut si forte occurrerit quis de quo dubitetur interrogatus symbolum prodat si sit hostis an socius lest there should be any surreption or deceit euery captaine deliuereth vnto his Souldiers a distinct watchword that if they meet with any of whom they doubt by demanding the watchward they may discouer whether hee bee a friend or an enimy And this hee accommodateth vnto the present purpose Now seing the Gentiles were wont to giue for their watchword the names of some of their Gods Xenoph paed l. 3. 7. Pausan l. 10. Suet. Calig c. 18. as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Minerua Iupiter and the like what fitter Symbole could Christians haue then their Faith in the holy indiuiduall Trinity And thus much of the title of the Creed proceed wee yet further Besides this Creed there are diuers others verie ancient both Generall of the whole Church such as are those foure famous ones of Nice of Ephesus of Constantinople of Chalcedon and Particular either of seuerall Churches or of priuate men among which that of Athanasius is most renowned All which though in forme of words they vary yet for substance are all one there being Eph. 4.5 as S. Paul saith but vna fides one faith Neither yet was this number of Creeds needles or endles For when heresies began to encrease and preuaile the Church thought it necessary to set forth some short Confessions by which the people as by a touchstone might discerne the gold of Orthodoxe truth from the copper of errors and heresies Saith S. Hilarie Nihil mirum videri debet fratres charissimi quod tam frequenter exponi fides caeptae sint necessitatem hanc furor haereticus imponit you ought not to maruell much beloued brethren that nowadayes Creeds are so frequently set forth the fury of hereticks hath layd this necessity vpon vs. Thus against Arius denying the diuinity of Christ was the Nicene Creed framed against Macedonius and Eudoxius denying the Deity of the holy Ghost and his proceeding from the Father and the Sonne the Constantinopolitane against Nestorius denying the vnion of both natures of Christ in one person the Ephesine against Eutyches confounding both natures and swallowing vp the humane in the diuine that of Chalcedon Thus of late the reformed Churches to quit
holy Virgin to bee Genitricem Dei the Mother of God let him bee anathema The Councell of Chalcedon confirmed the same Act. 5. ratifying the Acts of the Ephesine Councell And the fift Councell of Constantinople thus defines If any say the glorious Virgin Mary is not truely but abusiuely Genitrix Dei that is the Mother of God let him bee Anathema or accursed Secondly by ancient Fathers both before and since Nestorius In ad Rom. who all stile her Deiparam the Mother of God Origen largely discourses and renders many reasons why shee should bee so called Eusebius Pamphili saith that the Empresse Helena honored Deiparae partum In vita Constantini the birth of the Mother of God Cyrill of Alexandria president in the foresaid Councell of Ephesus in his Anathematismes sent to Nestorius saith that Marie genuit In Conc. Eph. carnally begat him that was made flesh euen the Word of God and anathematizeth them that deny her to bee Genitricem Dei Epist 1. ad Chelid the Mother of God Gregory Nazianzen If any belieue not the Virgin Mary to be Genitricem Dei the Mother of God Ep. 97. ad Leon. Aug. let him bee separated from God Leo Accursed bee Nestorius who belieued not the Blessed Virgin to bee Dei Genitricem the Mother of God Iohn Cassian It is not lawfull to say Christ and not God is borne of Mary L. 2. de Incar Prosper of Aquitani The Virgin Mary bare Christ who is God of Heauen Hesychius L. 1. com in Lev. 2. Therefore to note the Natiuity of Christ the Sacrifice is said to bee baked in an ouen to wit in the Wombe Genitricis Dei of the Mother of God Augustin Mary therefore begat Cont. Faelic c. 12. and begat not the Sonne of God She begat him when Christ was borne of her according to the flesh Shee begat him not when the Sonne without beginning issued from the Father Vincentius Lirinensis Anathema to Nestorius denying God to bee borne of the Virgin Many more Fathers I could easily alledge Ca 21. but I presume one Decade of such witnesses is euidence sufficient Thirdly by latter writers of the reformed Churches Inst l. 2. c. 14. §. 4. who maintaine the same Faith of the Fathers Caluin We are to abhorre the Heresie of Nestorius that was that Mary is not the Mother of God Againe Hee that is the Sonne of God the same is the Sonne of Mary Beza Referr Scr. The Church hath rightly defined against Nestorius In Luc. 1.35 that Mary should be called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Mother of God Peter Martyr Wee confesse that the Sonne of God is borne of the Blessed Virgin neither doubt wee to call Mary 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Dial. de Corp. Christ loc the Mother of God Sadeel Iustly was Nestorius condemned denying the holy Virgin to bee Deiparam the Mother of God seeing our ancestors haue constantly defended that Mary is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Mother of God De ver hum nat Christ though not the Mother of the Diuinity Danaeus In Aug. de haer c. 91. Part. l. 1. It is manifest that Mary may and ought to bee called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Mother of God Polanus It is rightly said of Christ that hee is God borne of the Virgin Loco de Christ Bucanus placeth among doctrines repugnant to diuine truth this of Nestorius that Mary is not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Mother of God Tilenus The Blessed Virgin is truly called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Mother of God Synt. de Nat. Christ n. 19. Ser. c. 18. On Creed Perkins Hence Mary is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Mother of God though shee be not the Mother of the Deity And Shee must bee held to bee the Mother of the whole Christ God and Man and therefore the ancient Church hath called her the Mother of God yet not the Mother of the Godhead Praemonit Finally the great Defendor of the ancient Catholicke and Apostolicke Faith King IAMES I acknowledge her to bee the Mother of God seeing in Iesus Christ the humane nature cannot bee separated from the Deity Fourthly by the Creed of the Apostles so vniuersally receiued of all Churches wherein all true Christians professe that they belieue in Iesus Christ the onely begotten Sonne of the Father and that he was conceiued of the Holy Ghost and borne of the Virgin Mary If the eternall sonne of God were borne of the blessed Virgin then must shee needs bee the Mother of God The Creed therefore of the Councell of Chalcedon thus expoundeth and openeth it Borne of the Blessed Virgin and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Mother of God Neither may wee thinke that the holy Church of Christ hath vnaduisedly or rashly beléeued this doctrine but vpon firme and vnmoueable grounds both of Scripture and the analogie of Faith For first Scripture euidently teacheth it That holy thing which shall bee borne of thee shall bee called the Sonne of God saith the Angell Gabriel and Elizabeth whence commeth thus that the Mother of my Lord should come to me By which place saith Beza it is expresly manifest against Nestorius that Mary is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Mother of God Againe if Mary bee the Mother of Iesus Christ and Christ be God it followeth of necessity that she must be the Mother of God Nay doth not the Prophet directly say that the child borne vnto us is the mighty God In a word Esa 9.6 it will not I trust be denied but that Mary is the Mother of him that was Crucified that died that shed his bloud that was seene with the eye and felt with the hand 1. Cor. 2.8 Phil. 2.8 Act. 20. 1. Ioh. 1.2 But it was the Lord of glory that was Crucified that was obedient to the death that shed his bloud it was the Lord of life that was both seene and felt And therefore is Mary also the Mother of the Lord of glory the Mother of the Lord of life the Mother of him that is equall with God and consequently God seeing none is equall vnto God but God As Scripture so the Analogie of Faith also confirmeth it For no reason can be rendred why Mary should not be the Mother of God but eyther because Christ is not God or because the humanity was the subject of Conception and Birth before it was assumpted by the Word or lastly because the Humanity was neuer assumpted into the Vnity of the same Person but remayned a distinct person by it selfe all which were the damnable blasphemies and heresies of Arius Photinus and Nestorius the first of Arius the second of Photinus the third of Nestorius Therefore contrarywise I argue thus If Christ bee God and the Humanity were at the first creation thereof preuented from subsisting in it selfe and neuer had subsistence but in the Word so as both Natures constitute one onely Hypostasis or
Person certenly there cannot bee two Sonnes one of God and another of Mary but the Sonne of God must needs be the Sonne of Mary and so Mary be the Mother of the Sonne of God And as by reason of this Hypostaticall vnion Christ himselfe doubted not to say The Sonne of Man came downe from heauen so the same analogie and proportion of Faith requires vs to say The Sonne of God is borne of the Virgin Mary which as Vincentius Lirinensis saith is most catholickly beleeued and most impiously denied Much more might be added hereunto but to them that iudge of persons by the Faith this is too much and enough euen to them that iudge of Faith by Persons Only from hence I inferre first that Titius confounding Papists in open pulpit for calling the blessed Virgin Deiparam the Mother of God either knew not what he said and so proued himselfe but a nouice in Diuinity or if he spake aduisedly and out of iudgement it was no lesse then professed heresy Secondly that I disapprouing Titius therein cannot iustly bee taxed of tricks or niceties or spirit of contradiction vnlesse together with mee Councels Fathers Protestants the Apostolicall and Chalcedonian Creed Scripture and the Analogie of Faith vndergoe the same censure Lastly that as Seneca otherwise an excellent Moralist spake very irregularly when hee said Drunkennes would sooner be commended in Cato then Cato condemned for his Drunkennes so you though els I perswade my selfe a sound and Orthodoxe Christian much swarued from the rule of Piety and Faith when you chose rather to excuse Nestorianisme in Titius then with me to condemne him for it And all least some who haue ouer prodigally bestowed transcendent and immoderate prayses vpon him should seeme eyther too weake in iudgement or too strong in passion M. ANTONIVS MVRETVS his Institution for Children translated MY Sonne while you are young These precepts learne of mee Beare them in mind not on your tongue And let them practiz'd bee First see you serue and feare The God of heauen aboue Then Parents deere and such as beare The roome of Parents loue To lie count it great shame What thereby can you gaine If you haue err'd confesse the same So grace you may obtaine Seeke learning greedily Then learning what more sweet By it you may most readily With wealth and honor meet If any shall you chide When you haue faulty been Thanke him therefore and then take heed He chide you not agen The man that speakes you faire Count him not straight your friend He hates the child that doth him spare When as he doth offend Who once hath you deceiu'd With flattring words and faine He when occasion is perceiu'd Will you deceiue againe If you be wise nor none Nor euery one belieue You loose your credit by the one Th' other will you deceiue If sin you should commit Or in your mind should plot God who sees all things seeth it Though man perceiue it not To none but friends well tride Your secrecies reueale And what you would haue others hide First you your selfe conceale Fixe not your eye on things Uncomly to be done By wanton sights young tenderlings Soone take infection Refraine and turne your eare From filthy ribaldrie Such as delight therein forbeare To keepe them company Vnpleasant if the root Of studie seeme to you Yet doubtles sweet wholesome fruite In time from thence will grow If you in play delight That pleasure soone decayes If in your booke the benefit Thereof remaines alwayes If rest bee moderate Health it and strength doth breed But duls the spirits and doth rebate Wits edge if it exceed Whiles others good you seeke Good to your selfe you gaine Vnlesse you louing be and meeke Loue can you not obtaine Wonder not when you see How wicked men doe thriue God will at length reuenged bee Though he a while repriue If rest you seeke and ease Spare you no paines in youth For after labour quietnes With dignity insueth Looke often in your glasse And beauty if you finde Beware you doe it not deface With vices of the minde But if therein you see Your selfe deform'd and foule Let that defect supplied be With vertues of the soule Doe not what you would dread To doe if men did see And let your selfe to you insteed Of many a witnesse be To shew you much should heare And few should be your words Nature to you a double eare And but one tongue affoords Haue care you oft behold What you would safe should bee Theeues seldome are with those things bold Which oft the eye doth see Slouth fawnes at first and fleeres But euer ends in shame Industrie rigorous first appeares But breeds immortall fame Or tast no wine or it With store of water drench For youth in wine to take delight Is fire with fire to quench Let your lookes modest be Your speech courteous and kinde So doing shall you easily Much loue and frendship finde In your desires let not Wealth more then vertue sway Vertue by wealth cannot be got But wealth by vertue may What so you learne that striue To hold fast in your mind Else draw you water in a siue And vainly beat the wind Vndiscreet anger flee Then wrath what fouler vice What moues thereto great praise will be To you if you despise Elms high on mountaines plac't With storms are often beat Whose fury shrubs doe seldome tast That low in vales are set So at the great mans gate Great dangers doe attend But euer to the meane estate The heauens more safety send A few words seasonably If children speake is fit The one doth argue modesty The other argues wit The way to honest fame Would you faine learne of me 'T is this be you in truth the same You would be thought to be Who feares his Masters charge The rod he needs not feare Who that contemnes and runs at large The smart of this must beare Thrice happy child that growes In vertue more then yeeres Deserued prayse each one bestowes On him aboue his peers On him they look to him They wish all happines But none vouchsafeth speech to them That rust in idlenes Them all men doe despise The vulgar them deâ—ide Their parents scarce with patient eyes Their presence can abide Sin hurts not then alone When we the same commit For vse of sin makes vs more prone And apt againe to it What so is good pursue If hard at first it seeme Yet after vse and practice due You easie will it deeme The good turne you receiue Extoll you and confesse What you haue done giue others leaue To praise make you it lesse When with vtility Honesty cannot stand You may not doubt but honesty Must haue the vpperhand And thus to you my child These few rules I commend Which well obseru'd strange fruite will yeeld Vnto you in the end Meane while that God aboue Whose mighty word and will What euer is doth rule and moue Blesse your endeuours still Whom early