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A69346 The letters whyche Iohan Ashwell priour of Newnham Abbey besydes Bedforde, sente secretely to the Byshope of Lyncolne in the yeare of our Lord M.D.xxvii. Where in the sayde pryour accuseth George Ioye that tyme beyng felow of Peter college in Cambrydge, of fower opinyons: wyth the answere of the sayde George vn to the same opynyons. Joye, George, d. 1553.; Ashwell, John, d. 1541? 1548 (1548) STC 846; ESTC S100275 35,534 56

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your brother Celerer saye you asked me wherfore the Churche milytant ordened that the minystres of it shulde not haue wyues or concubines as well nowe as then vnto the whych question you fayne an answere in m●ne name lyke as you fayned the interrogatiō for if he had asked me any such question I wold haue denyed his false suppositiō for before thys deuelles she ordinaunce they had no concubines but lawful wiues the answer that you fayne is impertinēt to such a que stion Wherfore yf I shuld haue answered him demaunding me why the church militāt ordined that they shulde haue no wyues I wolde haue said because they thought to haue a better a●auntage by theyr cōcubines then by theyr wyues because ma trimony is more cōbr●s karefull then to liue with another mannes wyfe or wyth an hore whom he may forsake and take another whē he lusteth But you thought your letters shuld neuer come to light and therfore you wrytte your pleasure ¶ But God at laste shall aske a rekenynge wherfore hys holy sacramēt first of all institute is now forboden despysed wherfore they presone tormēt prestes that marye As verely as the bloude of Abell cryed obtayned vengeannce shal the bloude of other good men vexed slayne obtayne the same to fall vpon these persuers sheders of lyke innocēt bloud for keping of goddes cōmaūdemētes ¶ Whether a laye man may heare cōfessyons FOuertly you saye that my opiniō was that euery laye man maye heare confessiōs Sir I am not remēbred y t euer I had any cōmunicatiō w t you of this mater but if I had I thi ke I had said not y t euere laye mā but some lay mā ●nd that after this forme which Christ prescribet● in the ▪ 5. chapter of Mathew preferryng loue and ●ōcorde all sacrifices a● yf a man hath ●ffēded his brother and afterward touched wyth repentaunce do to hym knowlegyng his offēce desiryng hym of forgeuenes reconcylyng eche other do not thys laye mē that heareth and forgeueth him heare hys confessiō and absolue hym Also yf a man hath any g●ugge and inquietne● in hys consciens by the reasō of synne committed that euermore troubleth and fereth hym of dampnation and thys man can not be quiet and ●ōforted ne haue any peace in hys hart and assured how by what meanes he maye haue that sure forgeuenes whych is thorow fayth in Chryst wythout the whyche no consciens maye be sure and at rest from the fac● of sinne and dāpnacyon of the whych quyete reste Paule speaketh to the Romās in the ▪ 5. chapter ▪ sayng Bycause we are iustified by fayth we ar at peace with god thorow our Lord I sus Chryst ▪ c. and bycause there ar now so manye blynée ●urates that knowe no● thys sou●rayne remedy for sinfull and vnquiet cōsciences but rather dampne it for heresie and persecute it If such troubled conciens I say go vnto a dy●cr●t learned laye man for wāte of learned preist as now thanked be god there ar mo laye m● that koow thys salue then prestes for coūsell and conforte ▪ shewyng hym his grefe and decease deseryng hys counsell and prayer doth not thys man after Iames mynde sayng Confesse or shew your sinnes to eche other and pray one for another that you may be saued Then say you that your brother cel●red sayd that it was lawful but in time of great nede Merely I neuer see greater nede then euen nowe to feche thys holsome and s●ete salue that is to say that only fayth in Chrystes deth instifyeth and set our hartes at reste at the laye man or womē the prestes for the most parte ar so ignoraunte so proude and so maliciouse that they had leuer persecute thys sauing helth of manne● soule ▪ then to receyue it minister it to theyr syk flocke ¶ But these two maner of confessiōs presuppose a penitēt and a contryte hart humbled and vnfaynedly confessed before God Of the whych maner of confessyon Dauid speaketh in the ▪ 32. Psal after the Hebrew compte in the. 5 verse I sayde I shall confesse my vngodlynes whych is against me to y ● Lord and euē strayt thou forgeuest it me Nether is it goddes law that mennes consciēces shuld be clogged wyth tellyng of all theyr synnes that euer they haue done in to a preystes eare whych is impossible for any man to do Whē Dauid sayth psal 19. Who may attayne to the knowleg of his synfull nature Whych Ieremie cap. 17. cōfirmeth sayng ▪ Shrewed and vnable to be serched is mannes harte Who can noumbre and tell al hys synnes wich so many circumstāces as the Popes law prescribeth vs and yet his disciples teach ve and preache that we cā haue no forgeuenes of our syn nes e●cept wr cōfesse thē into theyr eares Whych doctrine not onely vereth not a lytell many a good symple consciens but bringeth many for feare and shame into desperation If no synne be forgeuen wythtout it be reher●ed and tolde thē in theyr eares as they teache vs thē shall we neuer haue quiete consciences For we commytte full many they to whych we can nether see nor remember Also it is no small iniurie to Christes bloude to attribute the forgeuenes of our sinnes as they teache ●o the selfe cōfession Whē it is only fayth in goddes pro mise thorow Chrystes bloud that bryngeth vs forgeuenes of our synnes geueth vs res●e and p●ace in our consciences Roma ▪ in the. 5 Chapter And yet to stableshe theyr combrouse confession they ar not a shamed to abuse the holy scripture changyng the truth as Paul saith to the Romās in the fyrst Chapter in to a lye takynge for them thys place of Mathew in the. 8. Chapter where Chryst commaunded the mā healed of hys leprye to go shew hym selfe vnto the preiste Whych place maketh playne agynst them For the man was hole and cleane bothe body and soule before he bad hym go for hys fayth first had purified his harte ▪ and then Christe healed hys bodye for Chrystes cures were perfite in healynge the hole man Nowe this man healed Chryste bad hym go shewe hym selfe to the preiste he bad hym not go shryue hym selfe to the preyste He bad hym go shew hys skinne and body For the prestes office was to iuge to decerne whe ther the leprye was gone or not and to dyspose the offeryng for the clensyng of the sore and to haue a good porcyon therof for hys duty as ye may reade Leuitici in the. 13. and. 14. chapter and as the terte folowing in Mathew declareth yf you wold ▪ diligently note it and conferre the lawe and the Gospell togyther and remember that Chryst sayd he came not to breake Moses lawe but to fulfil it Christe therfore wolde not defraude them of the●r dutye nether be preiudice vnto theyr offyce leste they shulde haue accused hym of breakyng of Ma ses lawe for they honted
to trust in God only to loue hym wyth all our hartes soule m●de aboue al thinges Here the law shewed vs our synnes of what sinful nature we are that cā not fulfyl these cōmaūdementes here it worketh wrathe it feareth so vexeth our cōsciēces at the knowleg of our sinnes that we begin n● to be angry wyth gods iugemēt wrykyng in vs such is the weakenes of our sinful nature ye and we in a maner despeyer thus the law working hyr power and office in vs synne is encreased and we are led captyue and bounde vnder the law of synne whych is in our members ▪ Roma vii For the law is the power of synne i. Corin. xv At these offyces and vse of the law preached or redde a synfull consciēces felith her selfe bounden and holdē vnder the power of synne and karyed towarde dampnation as Paule declareth in his pistle to y ● Romans there he expressynge the nature strēght of the law as euery synner touched of God maye feale verely in his own hart at his conuersion But w●ē the gospell cometh which is that ioyful tidīges that christ came to call and to saue synners that grace forgeue●es of synnes is geuē thorow hys death to as many as beleue this cōfortable ꝓmise thē the synner hearīg these tidīges beleuing thē perfitly fealeth his hart eased conforted losed But yf he beleueth it not thē is he yet holdē stil boūdē in to dāp natiō this is the byndyng losyng of the keyes of gods word This expressed he bretely in Mark say inge He that beleueth is baptysed shalbe saued he that beleueth not shalbe dā●ned ▪ Iohā on thys maner said whose sinnes you shal forgeue they ar forgeuē thē whose you shal holde they are holdē ▪ Also another maner of bindig and losyng by these keyes the scripture rem●breth in the. 18. ca. of Mat whych place sheweth vs how the vertue of excōmu nication or seperating of obstinate impen●tent and open synners out of the cōgrega●yon shuld be vsed Fyrste the synner ought to be rebuked of hys brother wh● he had offēded then if he wil not heare him to ●e monished before one or two witnesses yet yf he hear them not to be cōplained of vnto the holy congregati● Whō yf he yet wyl not hear th● to be separated from● the feloshyp of the faythfull This cōmunicatiō o● putting out of the cōgregation Christ called in the sayde place of Mathew a bynding and the reconsiling of the same person if ●● be penitent after thys is there called a ●osynge W●er ●pp● he sayd vnto his disciples on this ma ●●● Yf this obstinat man wyl not hear the congre gation 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 be to you as an heithen and publica ●● that ●● to saye as an infydele excluded oute of 〈…〉 s company For verely I saye vnto you 〈◊〉 so euer ye bynd vpon the erth they shalbe 〈◊〉 ●● heauen and what so euer you lose on the ●r●● they shalbe losed in heauen that ie to say whom so euer you put out of the congregatyon he re aft●r thys forme prescrybed you the ●ame thynge is confyrmed in heauen and whom you receyue aga●●g as penytent sorye for his offences the same is rec●●ued in heuen Thys maner of byndyng and losyng Paul put in executiō once vpō the opē sinners as ●e may reade in the. v. ●ap of the fyrst to the Corin. there bynding and holding in him in his synne as an obstynat op●n vnshametaced synner now put out of the holy cōpanye after his great heuynes and repentaunce losed him againe recōcyled and restored vnto the cōgregation as it is writen in the. ii Corin ▪ cap. ii Now cōpare the forme cause of Paules execu●yng of thys maner of excōmunicatiō absoluyng agayne vnto oure bishops lighteninges thondringes of their excōmunicatyons hursynges lok● how they agre wyth Christes word Paules forme in all circumstances ¶ But as for the keyes whych are the law Gospell preached or reade for that the one bindeth and the other losethe the beleuers from synne and condempnatiō it nedeth not to dispute whether the po pe hath more power to lose wyth prechyng therof then a byshop or a bishoppe greater then a symple preist For the Popes hygh holines may not descēde to so vyle a law an office although he were learned and thē byshoppes busynes maye not attende to excute thoffyce power of edyfyyng they are so ful occupied in destroing the simple sir Iahā is not now lerned and yet yf he were lerned he muste haue theyr autorite which is harde to be obtained yf he wyll preache the truth Peter Paule were but pore simple prestes in cōparison to our holy father the Pope to the moste reuerende Cardinales graces and to our lordes the byshoppes ye● I thynke they had as great as large as you say power to lose to bind with prechinge the worde of God as hathe Pope cardinal bishope abbote or p●●our And as for the scripture it putteth no such differēce of lordely po●●rs nether knoweth ●● such lordely and ●●ought names but sayth to thē though the heathen play the Lordes yet shall not you be so it ●ayth not you shall be so but vos aut● non si● But set men to loke whether it be truly translated into Englyshe that while they are in cōf●●●yng on texte wyth another lokyng na 〈…〉 e for fa●tes in the translatyō where nō was 〈…〉 a●tes and abhominatiō might be balked or y ● lesse espyed but had they lefte hontynge for errours in the translatyon and conferryng texte to texte and compared your lyuynge ●o the gospell they had sene them agree to gyther as darkenes wyth lyght and the deuel with wyth Christ. More ouer the scrypture knoweth no suche dyfference as you suppose betwene Pope bishop and preist but calleth a pre●h a bishop and a ●yshop a prest yf ye englishe these two wordes pres byter Episcopus after the comen Englishe as ye may ●ede Act. 20. and. i. ad Titum And as for thys name Pope or the ouermost byshop I fynde them not but that there were certayne called the chefe or principall of the preistes vnto whom Iudas wēte saing what wyl you geue me I shall betraye him and deliuer him into your hādes as you had wēte to haue deliuered me by your secret false lettters of the which chefe prestes it is written also Math. 27 that they called a counsell erly wyth the elders of the people agaynst Iesus to delyuer to put hi to deth Now I trust ● priour you se how y ● law preached bindeth the gospell loseth howe christ put the keyes of hys gospell in to the hates of hys dysciples ouce locked vp in vnbeliefe and ignoraūce and howe happely he turned them opennynge theyr hartes into the knowlege of hym now rysen by the power of his spirit preachynge interpretin
opinion is that these keyes ar the autorite or power wherby Pope bishope or preist holdeth and absolueth the man that cōfesseth him into their eares and of thys power only I dare saye you vnderstonde your opynion and so accused me as aduersary to it But Master priour you shall vnderstand that I mene no such power by these keyes ne ther Christ meaneth any such by them For whē he gaue them these keyes he sent them not forth with them to heare confessyons but to preache hys gospell as witnesseth both Iohan 20. and Marke 16 so that these keyes are annered vnto the ●ffyce of preachynge as ye may see at the geuynge of them But yf ye were well aquaynted with Christis gospell ye shuld haue redde yere thys in Mathew the 23. chapter Woo be to you scribes and ●ariseis hypocrites for you shyt vp the kyngdome of heuen before mē c. How I pray you dyd the● s●i● it vp Luk declareth cap II. sayng wo be to you lawyers for you haue taken awaye the keye of knowledge so that nether your selues enter in and yet forbyd you thē that wolde enter in Now thanked be god whych hath here tolde vs at the laste what he mēte by hys keyes calling thē the keyes of knowleg but I pray you how d●d the pharysays lawiers shyt vp the kyngdome of heauen verely euen as Luke sayth in that they toke away the keye of knowleg wherby men shulde come thyther as now do theyr successours forbyddynge men to preache Chrystes Gospell and to rede hys holy testament whyche is the very keye of the knowledge of God our father and of Chryste hys sonne to be our onely sauyour thys is the keye that openeth the hyghe way so the byngdome of heauen thys openeth the dore of the whyche Chryste speakethe Iohan. 10. thorowe thē whyche dore who so euer entreth shalbe ●aued c. And for thys cause Christ called hys gospell holy worde the keye of knowlege or keyes in the plurall noūber of the kingdō of heauen alluding vnto the double propertye that one keye hath both to open and shytte Nowe s●th the shitting vp of the kyngdome of heauen by the takynge awaye of the keye of the knowledge of goddes worde then muste the openynge of it nedes be the geuynge of the keye of the knowlege of Goddes worde Whych knowleg standeth in the preachyng hearyng reading therof wherfore Chryste sayde at the delyueraunce of these keyes Marke the. 16. Go your wayes into all the world and pr●a●he my gospel And Iohan cap. 20. As my father had sent me so sende I you Here may you se what Chryst ment by these keyes promysed Math. 16. when they were geuen Luke tellyng the same storye more at large ●ayenge Thus it behoued Chryst to suffer as it is wrytten to ryse agayne the thyrd day from death that repētaun ●s and remission of synnes shuld be preached in hys name among all nacyons For at the preaching of the law men know theyr synnes feale them selfe bounden of the whych know●eg and f●ling ther foloweth repentaunce And at the preachynge of the Gospel whych promyseth remyssiō of synnes there foloweth fayth which loseth the capture cōs●yence in to the quiet lyber●ye of the spirit Now had they the word deliuered thē to be preached which he called the keye of knowlege ●ow were they inspyred wyth the holy goost now was the keye of Dauyd geuen them that openeth no man shytt●th ●po 3. for after longe cōmunication declaring hym selfe to them he said these are the wordes which I spake to you whyle I was yet wyth you for all muste be fulfylled which were written of me in the lawe of Moses in the prophetes and psalmes Thē ope ned he their hartes that they mygh vnderstand the scryptures the propertye of a keye is to open that whych before was shyt thus doth Luke allude and agre hys speach wyth the propertyes of a keye for before in the iourney to Emaus wyth the two disciples he saith their eyes were shyt vp and h●ldē so that they knew hym not but after he had rebuked them for theyr vnbelyefe opened thē the scryptures turnyng the keye of hys worde in their hartes the holy gost working with all theyr eyes were opened they knew hym Here may ye se in the story of Luke howe wyth hys worde he opened the hertes of these two disciples yet locked vp in vnbeliefe before thei returned to Hi●rusalē vnto the other xi disciples Nowe sayth he euen as ● was sente that is to saye to open mennes hartes lesing them wyth the keye of my knowlege from vnbelyefe by preachyng and erpoundyng the scriptures euen so sende I you he sente not onely them but hath sente hitherto shall sende preachers with the same key● es of knowledge of the worde to binde to lose lyke wise vnto the worldes ende Note here also howe ofte Luke vseth these wordes theyr eyes were holdē theyr eyes were opened he oponed their wit tes euer more alludynge vnto the propertye of a keye Thus he opened theyr hartes wyth the keye of hys worde to bring in hys knowledge in to thē the holy goost breathed into them and turning the kaye in theyr hartes into the ryght sence and vnder standyng of his word An example is set to in Iohn of Thomas Dydimus which was not among thappostles at the geu●g of these keyes of y ● know lege of his gloriouse resurrection whych was that Gospel and the very ioyfull tiding●s wherfore his harte was yet locked vp holden in vnbelyefe not wythstandynge yet the other apostles dyd put this keye into him so begā to practise it vpō hym sayinge ●idimus d●im but this keye turned not ryght in his harte ne opened it for he beleued thē not but sayd Excepte I se the holes of the nailes in his hā des put my fynger into them ye excepte I put my hand into his side I wyll not beleue it Here was Thomas sore boundē holdē with the synne of vn beliefe But after viii daies they being there within agayne Thomas wyth them Iesus came in the dore shyt stode among them sayinge peace be w t you thē said he to Thomas put in thy fynger here fele my hādes put vp thy hand and thruste it into my syde be nomore in vnbeliefe but beleue Here the keye of christes word turned right in Tho mas his harte losinge it from vnbelyefe he sayde D●s meus et deus meus my Lorde my god The worde of god conteyneth both the law the Gospel The law is that whych god cōmaundeth vs to fulfyl as are the. x. cōmaūdemētes the gospel is the power of god vnto helth for euery man that beleueth Ro. i. it is the promise of grace remissiō of synnes geuen vs thorow Chryst. The law is spiritual requireth our hertes our very effectes as to beleue