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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A51184	Remarkable addresses by way of embassy from the East-India Company of the United Provinces, to the Emperor of Japan Containing a description of their several territories, cities, temples, and fortresses; their religions, laws, and customs; their prodigious vvealth, and gorgeous habits; the nature of their soil, plants, beasts, hills, rivers, and fountains: with the character of the ancient and modern Japanners. Collected out of their several writings and journals by Arnoldus Montanus. English'd, and adorn'd with a hundred several sculptures, by John Ogilby Esq; His Majesties cosmographer, geographick printer, and master of the revels in the Kingdom of Ireland.; Gedenkwaerdige gesantschappen der Oost-Indische maatschappy in 't Vereenigde Nederland, aan de Kaiseren van Japan. English.	Montanus, Arnoldus, 1625?-1683.; Ogilby, John, 1600-1676.; Nederlandsche Oost-Indische Compagnie.; United Provinces of the Netherlands.	1671 (1671)	Wing M2486A; ESTC R218646	565,250	480

Riogoses King of Ximo who also coming off with great loss paid dearly for his Insurrection But Xumitanda Promotes the Jusuits after having erected forty Churches or Chappels for the Jesuits and banish'd Paganism from his Dominions insomuch that a little before his death not one Heathen was to be found in the Province Omura according to the annual Observations kept by the Jesuits in Japan dy'd Anno 1587. Far less trouble did the King of Arima find when besides those of Bungo and Omura he also embrac'd the Christian Religion Those were the three Kings which Anno 1582. sent to his Holiness at Rome the Ambassadors Munico Ito Michael Cinga Julianus Nacaura and Martinus Fara as we have already related at large The Japan Ambassadors which went to Rome prov'd very beneficial to the Jesuits ¶ COncerning the return of these Japanners Linschot saith thus The Japanners went to Sail from the Haven of Lisbon in the Ship St. Philip which in its return home was taken by the English Admiral Drake and was the first Ship that was lost in the East-India Expedition about which were several opinions at that time because the Ship was by the King of Spain's Name and whilst I was at Goa they came thither Cloth'd in Cloth of Silver and Gold in a most costly manner after the Italian fashion and were receiv'd with great joy by the Jesuits who had finish'd that their great Design to that purpose Publishing a Book in Spanish containing the Voyage and Travels of the Japanners as well by Water as by Land and their several Receptions by the European Princes Going from Goa to Japan they occasion'd no small admiration in their Countreymen the Jesuits desir'd this as they pretended for two several Reasons First To make the Japanners the willinger to embrace the Christian Faith and also that they might be Eye-witnesses of the glorious and excellent Cities which none could possibly perswade them to believe But indeed the chief reason was to make their Order famous and also to get a Mass of Treasure thereby for they kept most of the Presents that were given to the Japan Princes for themselves and they obtain'd likewise an Order from the Pope and the King of Spain that no Portugal nor any other Christian might settle in Japan without their License so that the Jesuits turn'd out other Friers keeping onely a few Priests and Portugal Artificers without which they could not possible be To others of what Estate or Degree soever their admission into the Countrey was on this Proviso That as soon as ever their business was finish'd they should depart but if they were minded to stay longer they should buy that liberty for Money of the Jesuits for they were most Eminent and Powerful in all places of Japan where the Doctrine of Christ was Preached They make the Japanners believe what they list they are honor'd by them like gods and Saints They also obtain'd leave of the Pope that they might out of their Order chose a Bishop over Japan notwithstanding it is against the Law of their Order He that was sent to perform this Office was coming from Portugal but dying by the way another was Elected in his place in short the Jesuits endeavor to get all things here under their Command Thus far Linschot The manner how the Jesuits spread the Christian Religion in Japan ¶ IT is also worthy our Observation how the Jesuits spread the Catholick Religion over most part of Japan Xaverius began first telling them of the Creation of the World and how God had Created all things and that the Son of God in the fulness of time had taken upon him Mans Nature and Dy'd on the Cross was Bury'd rose again and Ascended up to Heaven from whence he will come to Judge the Quick and the Dead This Doctrine Translated out of Portugal in the Japan Tongue Xaverius read the easier to the Japanners because it was written in Portugal Characters Cosmus Turianus and Joannes Ferdinandez Preach'd most of the Miracles which Christ wrought and taught the Auditors to make Crosses with the right-hand and to begin at the Head In the Name of the Father and so Sign themselves down to the Breast In the Name of the Son and then from the left shoulder to the right In the Name of the Holy Ghost They also instructed them to Pray on Garlands of Roses telling them over knob by knob and saying Jesus Maria. A strange way how the Japanners became Christians Paul of the Holy Belief us'd a Picture representing the Image of the Virgin Mary and the Child Jesus sitting in her Lap which he held before the King Cangoxima to the end to make him loathe the Heathenish Idolatry Other Jesuits shew'd them that the Angel Michael was the Guardian over Japan unfolding to them the occasions of Thunder and Lightning gapings of the Sky Rain-bows Storms Hail Snow and such like Meteors grounded on Nature ¶ THe Italian Joannes Baptista Montanus relates in a Letter written from Bungo Anno 1564. That when he set foot on Japan being sent thither by Cosmus Turrianus to the King of Bungo who had above a year and a half desir'd to have a Priest he was courteously receiv'd by him yet the King remain'd still amongst the Sect of the Bonzies None taught the Japanners better than the Jesuit Montanus which deny'd the Mortality of the Soul but shew'd a great respect to all Christians Moreover Montanus relates what course he took in Converting the Japanners in Bungo First He contradicted with strong Arguments the Japan Religion shewing them that it was impossible to attain Salvation thereby When they understood this then he told them That one God had Created all things of nothing and made Men according to his own Image to govern all But the wicked that run headlong and wilfully to the Devil had no share therein and that our Sins had brought Death upon us and how Men were still inclin'd to wickedness acting against the Laws of God and Man nay against God himself and since our Sins provok'd so Omnipotent a God they deserv'd Everlasting Punishment But the second Person of the Holy Trinity had taken upon him Mans Nature in the Virgin Mary to the end he might in Mans Nature which could onely suffer die for our Sins a most cruel Death and by reason of his God-head prepar'd for us after this transitory Life an Everlasting Being where there is the fulness of all Joys Then he explain'd them the Laws Customs and Mysteries of Baptism and at last answer'd the Bonzies to their several Contradictions which they made against the Christian Religion Trojus converts the Japanners after a ridiculous manner Trojus hung a Cross about the Necks of those that were Baptiz'd giving every one a string of Beads and a Consecrated Piece of Wax on one side the Name Jesus surrounded with a Thorn Crown on the other the impression of three Spikes a great Box full

THE EMBASSAYS TO THE EMPEROURS OF JAPAN Cum. prerelegien Remarkable Addresses BY WAY OF EMBASSY FROM THE East-India Company OF THE UNITED PROVINCES TO THE EMPEROR of JAPAN CONTAINING A DESCRIPTION OF THEIR SEVERAL Territories Cities Temples and Fortresses THEIR Religions Laws and Customs THEIR Prodigious VVealth and Gorgeous Habits THE Nature of their Soil Plants Beasts Hills Rivers and Fountains WITH The Character of the Ancient and Modern JAPANNERS Collected out of their several Writings and Journals BY ARNOLDVS MONTANVS English'd and Adorn'd with a Hundred several Sculptures By JOHN OGILBY Esq His Majesty's Cosmographer Geographick Printer and Master of the Revels in the Kingdom of IRELAND LONDON Printed by the Author and are to be had at his House in White Fryers M.DC.LXXI De LAND REYSE van OSACCA tot IEDO 〈◊〉 Groote Steeden 〈◊〉 Kleyne Steeden 〈◊〉 Casteelen 〈◊〉 Dorpen 〈◊〉 Vlecken 〈◊〉 Heerlyckheeden 〈◊〉 Toorene en tempels 〈◊〉 De Cyffers syn de 〈◊〉 L●●●t● van de Br●●● De WATER REYSE van NANGASACQUI tot OSACCA De LAND R●YSE van OSACCA tot IEDO A MEMORABLE EMBASSY TO THE EMPEROR OF JAPAN The Earth and Sea constitute a round Globe FRom the round Shadow which darkens or eclipseth the Moon the different Rising and Setting of the Celestial Luminaries and the various Elevation of the Zenith or Vertical Point infallibly demonstrates That the Earth and Sea making one Body presents exactly the Figure of a Globe Which though the Surface of this mighty Ball be rough and gibbous many parts thereof swoln into Rocks and high Mountains others sunk into depressed Valleys yet make an even and smooth Circumference for the highest Tops and lowest Descents are nothing in comparison to the Magnitude of this vast Body but seem less than Warts on the Hand or small Furrows in a Plough'd Field Incircling this our Terrestrial Orb at an unmeasurable distance sparkle the innumerable Lights in the immense expansions of the Firmament The Description of Heaven and Earth About the Earth the Air spreading it self into three Regions dispenseth from the middle all sorts of Meteors with their several Effects upon us The lowest Storie variety of Birds and flying Fowls make their Receptacle the Sea and Rivers Fish inhabit but the Earth and Sea and all Creatures there residing the Creator left solely to the gubernation of Man under whose Command they remain so inverting the Authority of Power placed the Microcosmus over the Macrocosme the little World to Rule the great The distribution of the People upon the Earth But since the Fall of Adam his Generations persisting more and more increasing their enormous sins and louder-crying offences brought Gods just Judgment upon them who therefore destroy'd the Old World by an Inundation or general Deluge onely preserving eight Persons who descending from the Ark the Waters being ceased a new World began in which by degrees their numerous Progeny so multipli'd that they were forc'd to Plant fresh Colonies still more and more remote from the Foot of the Mountain where they first settled But nothing more help'd to the well and equal re-peopling of the desolated Universe than the confusion of Tongues which happen'd in the Worlds Infancy at Babel where all the Children of that Generation resolving to settle not minding farther Discoveries pitch'd upon the fertile Plains of Shinar Here must be say they the Center of our growing and intended Empire this our begun this our stupendious Work whose aspiring Tower looks down already upon the Clouds and hereafter threatens to scale the Skies shall be the mighty and all-commanding Head of our Imperial City which extended over these Plains we will inhabit and with our Lives and Fortunes guard and maintain But they in their vain Design and presumptuous Project were suddenly baffled by Divine Providence who in stead of setling scatter'd them over the face of the Earth for when they were at the busiest and in the heighth of their expectation labouring to finish this marvellous Structure thus the Almighty disappointed their whole endeavours all Tasks were suddenly thrown aside each mistaking not understanding one another in which confusion their onely comfort was to meet with any that spake with them the same Language These using one Tongue gathering in a Body stuck together and in several Companies fled to strange and unpeopl'd Regions where Planting they flourish'd and suddenly grew up to be several great Kingdoms Since call'd Europe Asia and Africa the then onely known Countrey So this their total rout and flying to all the Angles of the Universe proved for the better each by this means being sooner suppli'd so extending by degrees their fresh Colonies to the utmost and Maritime Coast Yet however one Party after this dissolution remaining still upon the Spot which though they utterly sleighted their begun Tower leaving it to ruine and decay yet went on chearfully with their chief City where Nimrod first taking the Title and supreme Authority upon him sat in his new erected Throne first Monarch of the Assyrian Empire Besides him many absolute Princes were thus in process of time establish'd in their several Dominions and the whole World seem'd to be once more totally replenish'd When the restless Nature of Man either unsatisfi'd with what he hath atchiev'd or spurr'd on by ambition or urgent necessity to enlarge their Bounds for their supernumerary Swarms gave the beginning to the Iron or turbulent Age War and Hostility raging every where in which those prevailing grew high and mighty those conquer'd low and humble continual vicissitudes and fluctuations of People Kingdoms subverted in Republicks and Common-wealths weary of such Government turn'd again into Monarchies The weakest Party put to all extremities and worst of exigencies by the pursuing Enemy were enforc'd all Land deni'd them venturing for refuge into the wide Ocean were soon swallow'd up some driven they knew not whither lighted on uninhabited Countreys there beginning new Plantations and perhaps by such Fugitives the new World never heard of by antiquity became of old to be peopled and by that means grown since to such vast Empires as our late Voyagers have discover'd Here it will not seem amiss to give you an account according as all Writers have it how this our Old World was peopled viz. Asia and Africa and who were the Fathers or chief Captains giving Denominations to the People and setling them in their several Plantations beginning with Holy Scripture The Offspring of Japhet Noah and his three Sons Japhet being the eldest his Offspring spread themselves over Asia and Europe Moses recounts these to be the Sons of Japhet Gomer Magog Madai Javan Tubal Meshech and Tiras Gomer as they say first settled his Colony along the Caspian Sea where Strabo and Pliny place the Cemerians the Sons of Gomer being Ashkenaz Riphat and Tagorma Planted other Colonies Ashkenaz laying the Foundation of the Kingdom of Media which others contradict supposing that he settled in the lesser Asia others the Countrey of

a Wall and strow'd all over with white Sand stood a great Table whereon when he wanted Criminals who ever he had a picque against or had a desire to see how he would die where laid according to his Fancy then began his sole Delight and chief Recreation This he Quarters with great Art and Dexterity which done rips up his reaking Bowels yet alive and when perceiving with the effusion of Blood and Spirit before his last Gasp to feast his Cruelty chops off his Head That he binds to a Post so that he may not stir then takes his Bowes Arrows and several Guns taking aim here and there where Wounds are not Mortal and when he perceives him full of Torture with Bullets and Arrows hanging in his Legs and Thighs then to Crown his pleasure shoots him in the Breast and Belly whilest dying to close up the Tragedy he claps a Brace of Bullets into the Head But when thus he hath satiated his Cruelty upon Men to renew his delight he takes a Woman with Child and in stead of Butchering Anatomizes alive viewing the Infant in the Womb and making inspection through all the Labratories of Nature concerning the Formation Production and the Birth of Mankind and as they affirm what ever infliction hath been exercis'd by the most cruellest Tyrants he hath so much exceeded that he may be call'd The Prince of such Bloody Butchers Phalaris Bull and many other of the like inventions Cruelties of Phalaris Of Atreus Of Tullia seeming to this but easie torments besides he excell'd all those Masters of Cruelty because he troubled none with the horrid Office but was their Salvage Executioner himself The reasons from whence the malice proceeded between Quabacondono and his Unkle Taicosama But this inhumane Monster not long Raign'd thus perpetrating such unheard of Murders for his Unckle Taicosoma though he had chosen him his Successor declaring him Heir-apparent and already put him in possession of five Kingdoms suddenly this his sweetning and love towards him turn'd into hate upon several occasions for though Quabacondono was Elected by his Unckle and stil'd Emperor this his great Name bore but small Command for he administred in all Affairs of State himself keeping the Reins of Government in his own hands whilst the Favorites and flatteries about the young Emperor weary'd his Ears insinuating that he was but a Nominal Prince and how the People mock'd at his great but empty Name which signifi'd just nothing calling him Emperor without Empire and that the blindest might see Taicosama's aims who had twice intended to send him to Corea where he might either be dispatch'd or lingering in such a long War loose all his Interest at home but incourag'd him not onely with the Conquest of that Isle but that he would enable him with Forces to Conquer the main Land China and there make himself an Emperor But the business of Corea falling unsuccessful what e're he flattering pretended or secretly intended the whole design fell and came to nothing But concerning the practices of both these Princes Unckle and the Nephew and their Plots of destroying each other since the Relation stands for an attested truth we shall at large give you the whole account Taicosama hath a son in his old age QUabacondono's Fears and Jealousies daily increasing on several occasions but more especially exasperated thus Taicosama being without any Issue on which account he made him Heir-apparent and had Invested him in all his own Regalities now had a Son who by Birth and Laws of Nature might possibly sway the Empire after his Father Taicosama's Decease whose Genethliacon or Birth-day was kept with all the Joy and Celebration that could be imagined in Festivals and Thanksgiving to their gods through all the Cities in Japan that Quabacondono beyond all expectation had an Heir in his old Age This stung him to the heart being evidently bereav'd of the Empire but that which more imbitter'd his grief were his three Sons the hopes of his Family which he had already design'd to bear the Chief Commands under him in the Empire His hopes thus vanishing like a Dream all that he could bethink himself of for present redress was to cast out that this Son was none of his begetting and that they might well have spar'd their Festival Rejoycing if the truth were known The Emperor Taicosama being inform'd that this Fame was of his Nephew 's broaching stirr'd up private Animosities the more so that the whole Nation sat as in a Theatre expecting on the Japan Stage the Bloody Tragedy either of the Unckle Nephew or both Strange custom in Japan when the Emperors give over their Government ¶ DUring these private Grudges the time came on in which Taicosama according to the Japan manner was to give his Nephew Quabacondono a Visit for it was an antient Custom that when the Chief Governor voluntarily deserts his Authority investing another being grown old and retiring to privacy that not onely he but all the substitute Kings should address themselves and honor him with a Visit which Confirmation of his Authority the manner of which being so expensive and Magnificent it will not be amiss here to relate The Emperor preparing for his Progress and the Nephew to Entertain his expected coming sent Huntsmen by thousands to ransack the wide Forests for Venison as many Fishermen searching the Sea Ponds Lakes and Rivers for Scaly Banquets How the Japanners keep their feasts ¶ THe Japanners at Meals sit cross Legg'd on the ground one behind another each at a peculiar Table which being square are a Foot and a half high and according to the conditions of the People more or less Costly some made of white shining Wood like Glass some richly Varnished other Wax'd after the Indian manner and some Inlaid with Gold according to the greatness of the Feast or the number of the Tables at ordinary Dinners or at the first Course three Tables set before every one with great Variety Dish'd up all Gilded At the last Course they bring three Tables more full of Salt Meats to rellish their Cups At the Emperors Feast a great Golden Bowl call'd Sacansuchi is carry'd about Cup call'd Sacansuchi out of which the Princes are invited to drink Quabacondono had prepar'd against this Feast thirty thousand of these Tables of several fashions both for Men and Women The Women sit out of the sight of the Men in a Hall apart On the other side Taicosama was ready for the accustomary Visit to Quabacondono who in like manner was ready to receive him Taicosama puts off his journey When an eminent Person that had the Emperors Ear privately inform'd him That these gallant Preparations vail'd a secret Plot for his Ruin This warning wrought so on Taicosama that he put off the Journey which Quabacondono resented very ill having prepar'd all things in a readiness which were now lost and all his Cost and Charge bestow'd in vain and besides

of those Wax-Meddals in Rome call'd Agnus Trojus brought with him from Goa to Japan the value of which was esteem'd the greater because the Pope himself had Consecrated them An antient Woman in Tacata after many intreaties getting one of those Meddals from Trojus shew'd it to every one she met insomuch that the common report went that a great piece of Sanctity being sent from Rome was to be seen at Tacata upon this news whole Vessels with people came from Firando and the adjacent Countries if possible to get some of the same Meddals or at least see them Which Trojus observing seem'd to be very bountiful distributing above fifteen hundred pieces of the Consecrated Wax amongst the people at large declaring to them the Mysteries thereof The Jesuits made Japan songs Some of the Jesuits made Japan Songs containing the Histories of the Old and New Testament When on Christmas they kept holy the time of our Saviours Nativity and before Easter for his Suffering then they sung to one another all that the Prophets had foretold of the Birth and Sufferings of our Savior then walking about they carry'd under a Canopy a Picture which they would have honor'd as Christ being the true God and Man before which walk'd a Jesuit clad in a Priests Habit with a Garland of Roses about his head singing in a Japan Tune and Language Tell us Maria what you mean't And what you look'd at as you went To which an old Japanner striking on a Water-Cruse answer'd in Rhime My Lord they 've taken from me therefore I In piercing Sorrow overwhelmed lie Sometimes the Jesuits represented on Stages made in their Chappels Acted Plays the Transactions of the Old Testament Then they Acted the Children of Israel's departure from Egypt and Pharaoh's Destruction in the Red-Sea in which they us'd many strange Arts never heard of or seen by the Japanners Then they play'd Jonas his part curiously representing the Sea Waves and Ship Then they amaz'd the beholders shewing them the fall of Adam Abraham's Offerings Joseph's Flight Samsou's Death and the like Scripture-Histories Vilela in October and November cover'd a stately Tomb with a black Cloth Preaching over it and describing the Day of Judgment the tortures of Hell-Fire and the happy condition of God's Children Troj Epist 1565. Histor Conc. Erid l. 5. Anno 1565. the Jesuits in Meaco and all the adjacent Countreys kept a Jubilee first commanded by Pope Pius the fourth to the end the Council of Trent might have happy success though the Pope seem'd jealous of the Council judging as it appear'd by his advising with the Cardinal Moronus that by such a Church-Congregation no good was to be expected for the Popes Authority Mean while the year of Jubilee in Japan was Celebrated with all Solemnity the people flocking from all parts of the Countrey to keep the same A strange accident amongst the Japanners with Sanctifi'd Corn and Veronica's Cloth Moreover the Jesuits distributed Consecrated Water on the Sabbath reporting every where that they receiv'd Sanctifi'd Corn from Goa and Veronica's Sweating-Cloth for which cause several people hired Vessels to carry them to Meaco some that liv'd above seventy Leagues off came thither and chiefly from Amangucium and Facata came great numbers notwithstanding the Inhabitants at that time were much in trouble both Cities being burnt down and the people were busi'd in re-building their former Habitations Those that desir'd any Blessed or Sanctifi'd Corn Fasted and Pray'd eight days before-hand then applying themselves to some of the Portuguese not daring to speak to the Jesuits themselves to intercede for them and procure some Among others was Bartholomew King of Omura who also came for Sanctifi'd Corn which he receiv'd of the bountiful Father Turrianus who caus'd it to be laid in Gold for him presenting him also with an Ave Mary made of Sea-Horse Bones both which the King hung about his Neck not without imagining it to be highly Sanctifi'd by them But the greatest care of the People was to see Veronica's Handkerchief in which the Icon of our Saviour Face was Imprinted Jacob Frecensis Aubert Eir●i Ber. Relig. Annales 1249. a Coblers Son but afterwards call'd Pope Urban the fourth found Veronicas Cloth when he manag'd the Laudanian Arch-Deaconship giving it to the Cloyster of the Cistercian Monks in the Bishoprick of Laudun Anno 1249. where to this day it is constantly reverenc'd yet notwithstanding this went for the same Cloth in Japan perhaps multiply'd by the same Miracle as our Saviours Cross whose pieces would make up a Ships load and yet they affirm it to be the same Cross on which our Saviour dy'd in Golgotha if you will believe all related thereof Remarkable arguments by the Japanners against the Christian Religion It is to be admir'd that the Jesuits brought their design so forward in Japan having so many grand Oppositions It is very well known that the Japanners are of a quick apprehension and much given to Disputations which the Jesuits found sufficient testimonies of by their several contradictions When Xaverius first Preach'd in Cangoxima and amongst other things terrifi'd them with Hell where the deceas'd had it not been for our Saviours suffering are continually tormented in such a nature that after the expiration of many ages they have no hope of any deliverance or ease of their Torments because that in the Flames they blaspheme God and suffer everlasting Punishment for their sinning against an Omnipotent Judge Whereupon the Japanners reply'd saying Do you O Xaverius place our Parents and Predecessors Children and nearest Relations in an unquenchable Fire do those burn there that received their lives out of our Loins do they die to live there for ever and there live to be always dying for whom if we had a thousand lives would wish to die as many times are those which brought us into the world tormented by Diabolical Fiends without any cessation cannot God help them how can it then be possible that he is Omnipotent or will he not help them how is it then that he is merciful and what enjoyment can Heaven be to us if we should be transported thither through death having so many Relations Children Fathers and Mothers who weep and roar continually for their insufferable torments And what Reasons can there be given that the merciful Creator should take delight in punishing everlastingly the poor Creature Xaverius tells us That he convinc'd and resolv'd them on all their Arguments and Demands but gives us no account with what Reasons he satisfi'd them onely he relates that he shed abundance of Tears when he spake of the damn'd condition of the deceased Japanners Moreover when Xaverius told them That there was a beginning of all things they immediately reply'd That that beginning must be either good or evil and did God create both good and bad at once How can he be God and confine all good in himself and be the onely occasion of all