Selected quad for the lemma: nature_n
Text snippets containing the quad
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A39391
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Enchiridion legum a discourse concerning the beginnings, nature, difference, progress and use of laws in general, and in particular, of the common & municipal laws of England.; Enchiridion legum.
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1673
(1673)
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Wing E720; ESTC R22664
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57,223
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150
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being_n liberum_fw-la agens_fw-la be_v subject_a to_o no_o law_n but_o his_o own_o will_n be_v the_o perfect_a law_n of_o justice_n which_o be_v the_o fountain_n from_o whence_o all_o law_n be_v derive_v to_o all_o thing_n in_o heaven_n and_o in_o earth_n law_n have_v a_o threefold_a respect_n and_o be_v divide_v according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o thing_n to_o which_o this_o great_a lawgiver_n do_v dispense_v law_n they_o be_v of_o three_o kind_n to_o wit_n the_o natural_a sensible_a and_o reasonable_a agent_n to_o the_o first_o be_v refer_v the_o element_n and_o all_o compound_a thing_n without_o life_n they_o be_v guide_v by_o that_o law_n which_o be_v impose_v on_o they_o at_o the_o begin_n and_o they_o do_v never_o break_v it_o the_o second_o which_o be_v the_o sensible_a agent_n be_v all_o live_a beast_n which_o be_v guide_v not_o with_o so_o forcible_a a_o law_n of_o necessity_n as_o the_o first_o for_o they_o be_v not_o ordain_v to_o keep_v their_o certain_a and_o settle_a station_n but_o they_o do_v follow_v their_o own_o kind_n and_o appetite_n wherein_o yet_o they_o do_v not_o transgress_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o three_o kind_n of_o agent_n call_v reasonable_a be_v man_n and_o angel_n and_o they_o at_o first_o be_v create_v with_o a_o possibility_n of_o perform_v or_o not_o perform_v the_o law_n impose_v on_o they_o according_a to_o these_o three_o forename_a law_n a_o threefold_a law_n subject_n of_o law_n there_o be_v a_o threefold_a law_n as_o some_o say_v give_v unto_o they_o that_o be_v the_o divine_a natural_a and_o humane_a the_o first_o deliver_v by_o god_n and_o write_v by_o the_o direction_n of_o his_o holy_a spirit_n in_o the_o old_a and_o new_a testament_n the_o second_o stamp_v and_o as_o it_o be_v engrave_v by_o he_o in_o man_n heart_n the_o three_o derive_v out_o of_o the_o two_o first_o and_o devise_v for_o government_n and_o society_n among_o man_n some_o other_o do_v divide_v law_n into_o four_o part_n that_o be_v the_o law_n of_o providence_n or_o the_o eternal_a law_n of_o god_n which_o be_v his_o wisdom_n by_o which_o from_o eternity_n he_o that_o be_v call_v antiquus_fw-la dierum_fw-la have_v preordained_n all_o thing_n before_o their_o beginning_n whereof_o st._n paul_n speak_v when_o he_o say_v that_o deus_fw-la voeat_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la non_fw-la sunt_fw-la tanquam_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la the_o second_o be_v the_o divine_a law_n which_o god_n have_v give_v in_o his_o old_a and_o new_a testament_n to_o conduct_v man_n unto_o their_o supernatural_a end_n for_o his_o glory_n and_o service_n and_o for_o their_o own_o final_a salvation_n of_o this_o jeremiah_n speak_v by_o the_o spirit_n and_o as_o in_o the_o person_n of_o god_n dabo_fw-la legem_fw-la meam_fw-la in_fw-la visceribus_fw-la eorum_fw-la scribam_fw-la eam_fw-la of_o the_o three_o which_o be_v the_o natural_a law_n the_o apostle_n paul_n make_v mention_v gentes_fw-la quae_fw-la legem_fw-la non_fw-la habent_fw-la naturaliter_fw-la quae_fw-la legis_fw-la sunt_fw-la faciunt_fw-la of_o the_o four_o which_o be_v the_o humane_a law_n warrant_v by_o god_n word_n the_o apostle_n paul_n likewise_o speak_v omnis_fw-la anima_fw-la potestatibus_fw-la sublimioribus_fw-la subdita_fw-la a_o sit_fw-la so_o that_o all_o these_o law_n have_v their_o warrant_n from_o god_n word_n save_v the_o eternal_a law_n which_o be_v his_o will_n and_o wisdom_n be_v from_o the_o begin_n before_o any_o law_n be_v write_v or_o can_v be_v divulge_v therefore_o next_o to_o the_o eternal_a law_n law_n the_o excellency_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n the_o divine_a law_n spring_v from_o the_o same_o have_v his_o place_n and_o pre-eminence_n before_o all_o other_o in_o dignity_n and_o antiquity_n because_o from_o it_o all_o other_o good_a law_n have_v their_o derivation_n and_o foundation_n or_o else_o be_v square_v by_o it_o and_o for_o that_o it_o suffer_v no_o mutation_n in_o itself_o in_o amplitude_n because_o it_o afford_v the_o selfsame_a rule_n and_o measure_n to_o all_o man_n and_o nation_n without_o difference_n of_o person_n place_n and_o time_n or_o any_o other_o such_o like_a circumstance_n by_o which_o other_o law_n be_v often_o alter_v and_o of_o this_o divine_a law_n the_o decalogue_n or_o ten_o commandment_n deliver_v by_o god_n unto_o moses_n on_o the_o mount_n and_o by_o he_o to_o god_n people_n be_v a_o compendium_n or_o full_a epitome_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n as_o unto_o which_o the_o rest_n may_v be_v reduce_v as_o conclusion_n draw_v out_o of_o certain_a principle_n the_o law_n divine_a deliver_v by_o god_n law_n the_o law_n of_o moses_n or_o of_o the_o old_a testament_n more_o ancient_a than_o any_o humane_a law_n unto_o moses_n be_v in_o antiquity_n before_o all_o humane_a law_n for_o though_o pliny_n go_v about_o to_o prove_v that_o ceres_n be_v the_o first_o give_v law_n unto_o man_n and_o as_o other_o attribute_v that_o honour_n unto_o radamanthus_n yet_o josephus_n write_v against_o apion_n direct_o prove_v that_o moses_n be_v the_o first_o do_v promulgate_v unto_o man_n the_o law_n deliver_v unto_o he_o from_o god_n and_o that_o long_a before_o those_o lawgiver_n who_o isidorus_n name_v as_o pharonius_n to_o the_o grecian_n mercurius_n trismegistus_n to_o the_o egyptian_n solon_n to_o the_o athenian_n lycurgus_n to_o the_o lacedaemonian_n numa_n pompil_n to_o the_o roman_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v next_o to_o the_o law_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n next_o to_o the_o divine_a law_n divine_a law_n in_o excellency_n antiquity_n immutability_n and_o severity_n because_o it_o begin_v with_o man_n creation_n it_o never_o change_v be_v nothing_o else_o as_o one_o define_v it_o according_a to_o the_o part_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v call_v secondary_a whereof_o we_o shall_v have_v cause_n to_o speak_v somewhat_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n but_o dictamen_fw-la rationis_fw-la in_o rationabili_fw-la creatura_fw-la therefore_o this_o law_n of_o nature_n secondary_a be_v the_o effect_n of_o god_n law_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n and_o the_o impression_n thereof_o as_o a_o step_n in_o dust_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o foot_n which_o first_o frame_v it_o and_o this_o secondary_a law_n of_o nature_n be_v in_o some_o sort_n contrary_a to_o that_o first_o law_n which_o st._n paul_n call_v the_o law_n of_o the_o member_n be_v a_o natural_a inclination_n to_o sensuality_n after_o these_o law_n follow_v the_o humane_a or_o positive_a law_n of_o man_n which_o be_v the_o prescript_n and_o particular_a rule_n by_o which_o the_o action_n of_o man_n shall_v be_v reduce_v and_o conduct_v to_o their_o due_a end_n and_o this_o ground_a on_o the_o eternal_a divine_a and_o natural_a law_n mention_v before_o but_o yet_o still_o measure_v and_o mould_v by_o the_o reason_n invention_n and_o disposition_n of_o man_n which_o be_v most_o common_o variable_a and_o diverse_a no_o marvel_n then_o if_o also_o the_o law_n of_o man_n settle_v upon_o such_o slippery_a foundation_n of_o different_a reason_n and_o affection_n be_v also_o changeable_a and_o subject_a to_o imperfection_n whereof_o justinian_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o the_o digest_v do_v render_v the_o like_a reason_n say_v he_o sed_fw-la quia_fw-la divinae_fw-la res_fw-la quidem_fw-la perfectissimae_fw-la sunt_fw-la humani_fw-la vero_fw-la juris_fw-la conditio_fw-la semper_fw-la in_o infinitum_fw-la decurrit_fw-la &_o nihil_fw-la est_fw-la in_o eo_fw-la quod_fw-la stare_n possit_fw-la perpetuo_fw-la multas_fw-la enim_fw-la formas_fw-la natura_fw-la novas_fw-la edere_fw-la deproperat_fw-la no_o humane_a law_n can_v be_v make_v absolute_o perfect_a no_o more_o than_o other_o art_n and_o science_n can_v be_v perfect_v by_o man_n since_o art_n be_v the_o imitator_n of_o nature_n and_o even_o nature_n herself_o be_v imperfect_a in_o her_o work_n the_o conclusion_n therefore_o be_v short_a and_o certain_a that_o those_o humane_a law_n tend_v most_o although_o hardly_o can_v they_o attain_v to_o perfection_n which_o do_v square_v most_o and_o most_o depend_v on_o the_o divine_a eternal_a and_o natural_a law_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a those_o positive_a law_n of_o man_n be_v most_o corrupt_a and_o unprofitable_a which_o swerve_v most_o from_o they_o since_o we_o see_v what_o law_n be_v perfect_a and_o which_o be_v subject_a to_o most_o imperfection_n let_v we_o a_o little_a consider_v what_o condition_n be_v require_v in_o humane_a law_n to_o help_v they_o towards_o perfection_n they_o by_o isidorus_n be_v describe_v to_o be_v these_o that_o be_v that_o they_o be_v honest_a perfection_n certain_a condition_n requisite_a to_o bring_v law_n towards_o perfection_n just_a possible_a according_a to_o nature_n and_o custom_n convenient_a and_o agreeable_a to_o the_o time_n and_o place_n that_o they_o be_v necessary_a and_o profitable_a manifest_a and_o perspicuous_a lest_o by_o their_o obscurity_n the_o uncircumspect_a be_v entrap_v that_o they_o be_v not_o make_v for_o private_a profit_n but_o for_o public_a utility_n other_o require_v few_o yet_o as_o effectual_a quality_n in_o law_n that_o
be_v to_o contain_v honesty_n justice_n possibility_n conveniency_n for_o the_o end_n of_o humane_a law_n be_v that_o by_o the_o dread_n of_o their_o punishment_n innocency_n may_v be_v safe_a in_o the_o midst_n of_o wicked_a man_n there_o be_v also_o certain_a hability_n requisite_a lawmaker_n certain_a hability_n necessary_a for_o lawmaker_n in_o those_o who_o be_v lawmaker_n among_o which_o the_o schoolman_n do_v chief_o esteem_v these_o three_o part_n or_o potential_a faculty_n of_o prudence_n ebulia_n synesis_n providentia_fw-la the_o first_o be_v the_o faculty_n of_o counsel_v and_o advise_v aright_o the_o second_o be_v the_o habit_n of_o judge_v sound_o not_o so_o much_o the_o case_n of_o law_n already_o make_v as_o the_o consideration_n of_o law_n to_o be_v make_v the_o last_o which_o be_v providence_n be_v a_o foresight_n of_o future_a event_n this_o have_v two_o part_n circumspection_n and_o caution_n the_o one_o be_v the_o consideration_n of_o circumstance_n lest_o any_o thing_n be_v defective_a in_o the_o provision_n of_o the_o law_n the_o other_o search_v into_o the_o incommodity_n and_o inconvenience_n whereto_o such_o law_n or_o they_o for_o who_o safeguard_n it_o be_v make_v may_v be_v expose_v the_o philosopher_n require_v to_o the_o law_n what_o the_o philosopher_n require_v in_o make_v of_o law_n make_n of_o good_a law_n authority_n reason_n general_a justice_n which_o be_v honesty_n and_o agreement_n of_o the_o people_n by_o the_o first_o the_o lawmaker_n do_v bind_v by_o the_o second_o he_o do_v know_v by_o the_o three_o he_o do_v desire_n to_o make_v such_o law_n as_o shall_v be_v possible_a and_o profitable_a not_o for_o himself_o only_o or_o for_o a_o few_o but_o for_o all_o or_o at_o the_o least_o the_o great_a number_n for_o suprema_fw-la lex_fw-la salus_fw-la populi_n the_o notion_n and_o general_a rule_n of_o nature_n do_v teach_v to_o shun_v that_o which_o be_v hurtful_a but_o where_o the_o naturalist_n or_o moralist_n do_v not_o persuade_v the_o politician_n and_o lawmaker_n do_v enforce_v the_o moralist_n do_v indeed_o prescribe_v general_a rule_n and_o precept_n what_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v but_o do_v not_o show_v so_o particular_o how_o it_o shall_v be_v do_v the_o rule_n of_o good_a and_o evil_n prescribe_v by_o nature_n and_o set_v down_o by_o the_o moralist_n be_v by_o they_o both_o enjoin_v to_o be_v practise_v by_o and_o to_o ourselves_o but_o by_o the_o politician_n and_o lawgiver_n those_o general_a rule_n be_v apply_v and_o accommodate_v to_o the_o particular_a law_n of_o each_o nation_n to_o be_v fashion_v not_o only_o for_o ourselves_o but_o for_o other_o therefore_o it_o be_v apt_o say_v vbi_fw-la ethicus_fw-la desinit_fw-la ibi_fw-la incipit_fw-la jurisperitus_fw-la as_o in_o nature_n vbi_fw-la physicus_fw-la definit_a incipit_fw-la medice_fw-la though_o these_o positive_a and_o politic_a law_n the_o necessity_n and_o utility_n of_o law_n law_n of_o man_n can_v attain_v to_o absolute_a perfection_n yet_o that_o they_o be_v of_o evident_a utility_n and_o urgent_a necessity_n i_o suppose_v no_o man_n doubt_v for_o both_o nature_n and_o necessity_n the_o two_o raiser_n of_o science_n and_o invention_n have_v as_o it_o be_v conspire_v to_o direct_v and_o require_v the_o use_n of_o these_o humane_a law_n because_o as_o it_o be_v natural_a unto_o man_n to_o desire_v and_o to_o like_v that_o which_o be_v other_o and_o yet_o to_o dislike_v and_o abhor_v other_o man_n from_o whence_o come_v question_n controversy_n quarrel_n opposition_n and_o defence_n so_o out_o of_o these_o do_v arise_v a_o inevitable_a necessity_n to_o lay_v certain_a limit_n which_o be_v law_n and_o civil_a constitution_n by_o which_o these_o inordinate_a desire_n and_o design_n of_o man_n be_v full_a of_o disturbance_n shall_v be_v bound_v and_o without_o which_o as_o the_o appetite_n and_o affection_n of_o man_n be_v restless_a and_o of_o themselves_o unrestrained_a so_o except_o they_o be_v confine_v and_o restrain_v by_o positive_a law_n the_o lawless_a will_n of_o man_n will_v make_v society_n uncomfortable_a and_o unsafe_a chap._n ii_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n of_o nation_n the_o civil_a and_o municipal_a law_n have_v say_v somewhat_o of_o the_o definition_n and_o nature_n of_o law_n especial_o of_o the_o eternal_a divine_a and_o natural_a law_n it_o now_o follow_v that_o we_o shall_v descend_v to_o discover_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o humane_a law_n of_o several_a sort_n these_o by_o some_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o branch_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o all_o other_o particular_a positive_a law_n do_v spring_n and_o grow_v the_o first_o be_v the_o law_n natural_a whereof_o there_o have_v be_v a_o little_a speak_v before_o this_o be_v define_v to_o be_v that_o which_o nature_n have_v teach_v all_o live_a creature_n the_o second_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o be_v receive_v among_o all_o country_n and_o people_n the_o last_o be_v the_o civil_a law_n which_o every_o free_a commonwealth_n ordain_v for_o itself_o caius_z a_o civil_a lawyer_n divide_v part_n a_o division_n of_o law_n into_o two_o part_n these_o law_n but_o in_o two_o part_n that_o be_v the_o natural_a and_o civil_a law_n for_o some_o think_v that_o whatsoever_o law_n be_v natural_a the_o same_o be_v also_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n interchangeable_o the_o reason_n be_v thus_o what_o else_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n division_n a_o question_n concern_v the_o former_a division_n but_o that_o which_o natural_a reason_n have_v teach_v and_o persuade_v all_o man_n to_o be_v equal_o good_a for_o all_o so_o that_o it_o be_v call_v national_a or_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n because_o all_o country_n have_v receive_v it_o natural_a because_o it_o have_v its_o beginning_n from_o natural_a reason_n for_o the_o decide_n of_o which_o doubt_n twofold_a the_o law_n of_o nature_n twofold_a it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v twofold_a primary_n and_o secondary_a the_o one_o be_v that_o which_o nature_n or_o rather_o the_o god_n of_o nature_n teach_v all_o live_a creature_n the_o other_o that_o which_o nature_n teach_v men._n the_o first_o call_v the_o instinct_n of_o nature_n whereby_o it_o be_v common_a to_o all_o live_a creature_n by_o the_o instinct_n of_o nature_n to_o procreate_v and_o to_o seek_v the_o preservation_n of_o their_o own_o kind_n to_o avoid_v that_o which_o they_o find_v to_o present_a death_n and_o danger_n to_o repeal_v force_n with_o force_n to_o seek_v thing_n needful_a for_o sustenance_n and_o the_o like_a this_o in_o a_o general_a sense_n be_v call_v jus_fw-la primaevum_fw-la or_o the_o primary_n law_n of_o nature_n and_o this_o do_v differ_v from_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o be_v a_o law_n proper_a only_a unto_o man_n and_o not_o to_o other_o creature_n but_o the_o secondary_a law_n of_o nature_n or_o of_o god_n for_o both_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o contain_v and_o comprehend_v the_o precept_n of_o honesty_n which_o god_n and_o nature_n have_v infuse_v into_o man_n heart_n at_o his_o creation_n give_v only_o unto_o mankind_n and_o unto_o he_o from_o his_o beginning_n as_o to_o yield_v religious_a reverence_n to_o the_o supreme_a and_o divine_a power_n to_o exhibit_v love_n and_o duty_n towards_o our_o parent_n and_o the_o like_a this_o latter_a part_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v answer_n and_o concur_v with_o some_o part_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o likewise_o as_o the_o former_a be_v twofold_a that_o be_v to_o twofold_a the_o law_n of_o nation_n twofold_a say_v primary_n and_o secondary_a the_o primary_n law_n of_o nation_n be_v that_o which_o natural_a reason_n have_v insign_v all_o nation_n as_o have_v be_v express_v in_o the_o secondary_a law_n of_o nature_n therefore_o some_o have_v term_v the_o secondary_a law_n of_o nature_n the_o ancient_a law_n of_o nation_n but_o there_o be_v a_o secondary_a law_n of_o nation_n which_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o primary_n or_o secondary_a law_n of_o nature_n this_o come_v not_o by_o nature_n but_o by_o a_o judgement_n gather_v out_o of_o experience_n and_o discourse_n thereby_o collect_v what_o be_v commodious_a for_o common_a society_n and_o equal_o behooveful_a to_o all_o nation_n and_o this_o be_v not_o ingraff_v in_o nature_n at_o first_o but_o get_v and_o gather_v by_o use_n and_o necessity_n which_o make_v thereof_o a_o law_n as_o to_o punish_v offender_n and_o wrong-doer_n which_o be_v the_o first_o head_n of_o the_o secondary_a law_n of_o nature_n yet_o not_o a_o rule_n or_o law_n beget_v or_o breed_v by_o nature_n but_o when_o the_o perverse_a nature_n of_o man_n can_v not_o contain_v itself_o in_o temperancy_n then_o wrong_v offer_v public_a necessity_n require_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v punish_v who_o will_v hurt_v other_o and_o trouble_v the_o