but_o death_n itself_o have_v almost_o take_v possession_n and_o yet_o neither_o make_v they_o past_o serve_v of_o the_o public_a what_o shall_v be_v pretend_v then_o for_o the_o loss_n of_o any_o one_o sense_n as_o the_o stoic_n do_v shall_v this_o be_v take_v for_o a_o certain_a sign_n of_o be_v past_o do_v good_a and_o consequent_o a_o reasonable_a plea_n for_o self-murder_n and_o shall_v that_o be_v act_v according_o have_v it_o be_v so_o always_o how_o much_o instruction_n and_o delight_n will_v mankind_n have_v be_v deprive_v of_o have_v homeâ—…_n nay_o have_v milton_n do_v so_o the_o world_n have_v lose_v that_o admirable_a poem_n oh_o have_v he_o make_v but_o as_o good_a use_n of_o his_o eye_n it_o be_v true_a few_o person_n be_v qualify_v for_o such_o great_a performance_n but_o these_o instance_n may_v show_v that_o such_o calamity_n as_o abovementioned_a do_v not_o make_v all_o man_n past_o serve_v of_o their_o country_n or_o good_a for_o nothing_o and_o that_o if_o such_o pretence_n be_v allow_v for_o self-murder_n in_o one_o person_n they_o must_v be_v so_o in_o another_o and_o if_o so_o that_o this_o may_v prove_v very_o hurtful_a to_o any_o state_n nay_o possible_o to_o the_o whole_a world_n but_o after_o all_o it_o may_v be_v further_o object_v if_o a_o man_n have_v leave_v from_o the_o public_a to_o murder_n himself_o he_o do_v it_o no_o injury_n this_o leave_n have_v frequent_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o roman_a senate_n and_o at_o 1._o at_o see_v valer._n max._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 1._o marseilles_n a_o vessel_n of_o poison_n be_v keep_v ready_a at_o the_o public_a charge_n for_o those_o to_o who_o they_o give_v permission_n to_o murder_n themselves_o this_o custom_n may_v be_v of_o use_n to_o we_o so_o far_o in_o this_o argument_n as_o to_o prove_v that_o these_o people_n think_v that_o no_o man_n who_o live_v in_o a_o civil_a state_n have_v right_a over_o his_o own_o life_n but_o the_o public_a have_v a_o claim_n to_o it_o which_o be_v very_o true_a in_o its_o proper_a limitation_n but_o then_o this_o be_v not_o such_o a_o claim_n as_o be_v ground_v upon_o absolute_a propriety_n such_o as_o give_v a_o power_n to_o dispose_v of_o any_o thing_n when_o and_o how_o it_o please_v because_o the_o right_n which_o the_o public_a have_v over_o particular_a life_n be_v only_o for_o security_n of_o public_a life_n ground_v upon_o self-defence_n and_o never_o to_o be_v make_v use_n of_o but_o in_o extreme_a necessity_n as_o for_o the_o cut_n off_o a_o corrupt_a part_n or_o for_o the_o oppose_a open_a violence_n wherefore_o this_o right_a be_v ground_v only_o upon_o this_o foundation_n for_o any_o political_a body_n to_o pretend_v to_o give_v leave_n to_o any_o innocent_a person_n to_o kill_v himself_o be_v as_o absurd_a as_o for_o any_o man_n to_o give_v his_o right_a hand_n leave_v to_o cut_v off_o his_o jest_n when_o it_o ail_v nothing_o or_o to_o wound_v himself_o in_o any_o other_o sound_a part_n in_o a_o word_n this_o will_v be_v both_o folly_n and_o usurpation_n for_o have_v the_o public_a this_o absolute_a right_n all_o complaint_n of_o tyranny_n and_o oppression_n will_v be_v very_o unreasonable_a but_o after_o all_o what_o do_v such_o instance_n as_o these_o signify_v to_o we_o or_o to_o any_o nation_n which_o do_v not_o grant_v the_o same_o permission_n if_o the_o matter_n be_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o humane_a law_n we_o of_o this_o nation_n not_o to_o mention_v other_o be_v forbid_v it_o under_o the_o strict_a penalty_n but_o here_o our_o author_n tell_v we_o again_o 9â—…_n again_o page_n 94_o 9â—…_n if_o our_o law_n be_v severe_a in_o punish_v of_o it_o and_o that_o this_o argument_n have_v the_o more_o strength_n because_o more_o nation_n concur_v in_o such_o law_n it_o may_v well_o from_o hence_o be_v retort_v that_o every_o where_o man_n be_v inclinable_a to_o it_o which_o establish_v much_o our_o opinion_n say_v he_o consider_v that_o none_o of_o those_o law_n which_o prescribe_v civil_a restraint_n from_o do_v it_o can_v make_v it_o sin_n and_o that_o act_n be_v not_o much_o discredit_v if_o it_o be_v therefore_o evil_a because_o it_o be_v so_o forbid_a and_o bind_v the_o conscience_n no_o further_o but_o under_o the_o general_a precept_n of_o obedience_n to_o the_o law_n or_o the_o forfeiture_n here_o be_v three_o thing_n advance_v 1._o that_o the_o general_n concurrence_n of_o nation_n in_o any_o law_n prove_v a_o general_n inclination_n in_o mankind_n to_o the_o commit_n of_o the_o thing_n forbid_v and_o therefore_o that_o that_o thing_n be_v natural_a this_o i_o think_v be_v very_o strange_a all_o nation_n concur_v in_o severe_a law_n against_o murder_v of_o prince_n husband_n father_n against_o betray_v fort_n ship_n etc._n etc._n now_o do_v this_o prove_v a_o general_n inclination_n of_o people_n to_o these_o crime_n no_o certain_o but_o it_o prove_v a_o general_a abhorrence_n and_o detestation_n of_o they_o and_o the_o ill_a consequence_n of_o they_o to_o mankind_n and_o therefore_o be_v a_o undeniable_a argument_n of_o such_o thing_n be_v unnatural_a 2._o we_o be_v tell_v that_o none_o of_o those_o law_n which_o prescribe_v civil_a restraint_n from_o do_v it_o i._n e._n self-murder_n can_v make_v it_o sin_n and_o the_o act_n be_v not_o much_o discredit_v if_o it_o be_v therefore_o evil_a because_o it_o be_v so_o forbid_a the_o law_n of_o any_o land_n do_v not_o make_v self-murder_n to_o â—…e_v a_o sin_n or_o evil_n but_o find_v it_o so_o it_o be_v real_o so_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o i_o hope_v have_v be_v show_v it_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v so_o by_o positive_a law_n to_o put_v man_n in_o mind_n of_o it_o to_o save_v they_o the_o trouble_n of_o reason_v it_o out_o and_o to_o deter_v they_o from_o commit_v it_o by_o the_o threat_n of_o immediate_a punishment_n and_o that_o which_o be_v thus_o found_v in_o nature_n and_o afterward_o command_v by_o man_n law_n bring_v a_o new_a obligation_n upon_o the_o conscience_n for_o if_o 10._o if_o with_fw-mi sanderson_n de_fw-fr conscient_fw-la praelect_v 5._o sect._n 10._o humane_a law_n concern_v thing_n indifferent_a in_o their_o own_o nature_n which_o forbid_v a_o action_n which_o a_o man_n may_v be_v otherwise_o free_a to_o do_v or_o command_v one_o which_o he_o may_v be_v otherwise_o free_a to_o omit_v do_v oblige_v we_o as_o every_o one_o allow_v than_o how_o much_o more_o must_v they_o do_v so_o when_o they_o forbid_v a_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o indifferent_a but_o natural_o unlawful_a and_o which_o a_o man_n be_v oblige_v to_o sorbear_v before_o and_o so_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o this_o be_v so_o that_o must_v also_o be_v a_o mistake_n which_o be_v assirm_v 3._o that_o humane_a law_n which_o forbid_v self-murder_n bind_v the_o conscience_n no_o further_o but_o under_o the_o general_n precept_n of_o obedience_n to_o the_o law_n or_o else_o to_o the_o forfeiture_n when_o a_o civil_a punishment_n be_v affix_v to_o that_o which_o be_v a_o natural_a evil_n a_o man_n be_v not_o leave_v at_o liberty_n to_o choose_v to_o suffer_v the_o one_o for_o act_v the_o other_o particular_o in_o the_o case_n of_o self-murder_n because_o a_o man_n be_v oblige_v in_o conscience_n before_o the_o humane_a law_n be_v make_v and_o because_o the_o punishment_n in_o this_o case_n especial_o of_o all_o other_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n adequate_a to_o the_o crime_n beside_o if_o a_o man_n may_v choose_v the_o punishment_n than_o the_o law_n of_o man_n instead_o of_o enforce_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n will_v only_o be_v the_o convenience_n of_o evade_n it_o wherefore_o as_o this_o distinction_n be_v unjust_a so_o be_v it_o most_o pernicious_a to_o all_o civil_a government_n yet_o after_o all_o suppose_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a to_o choose_v the_o civil_a punishment_n for_o the_o commit_v that_o which_o be_v natural_o evil_a how_o shall_v this_o reach_v the_o offender_n as_o to_o self-murder_n this_o can_v affect_v he_o not_o otherwise_o than_o as_o to_o his_o dead_a body_n or_o his_o posterity_n and_o therefore_o how_o false_a be_v this_o pretence_n at_o the_o bottom_n and_o how_o base_a be_v this_o detestable_a action_n whereby_o a_o wretch_n break_v the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o his_o country_n and_o expose_v his_o best_a and_o dear_a friend_n his_o next_o relation_n nay_o his_o child_n often_o to_o suffer_v the_o punishment_n due_a to_o his_o crime_n if_o in_o excuse_n for_o this_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v that_o such_o people_n may_v be_v suppose_v to_o satisfy_v themselves_o with_o hope_n of_o the_o punishment_n be_v escape_v by_o their_o heir_n either_o through_o friendship_n compassion_n bribery_n etc._n etc._n if_o i_o say_v this_o shall_v be_v allege_v then_o certain_o it_o be_v very_o well_o worthy_a of_o consideration_n whether_o the_o put_n of_o those_o
to_o punish_v nay_o if_o we_o consider_v he_o as_o a_o member_n of_o civil_a society_n humane_a law_n can_v always_o reach_v that_o which_o be_v natural_o evil_a for_o not_o to_o insist_v upon_o the_o many_o design_n and_o contrivance_n of_o lust_n envy_n or_o revenge_n before_o they_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n how_o many_o evade_v punishment_n after_o they_o have_v be_v execute_v be_v that_o very_o insolent_o by_o interest_n or_o authority_n a_o powerful_a offender_n or_o corrupt_a magistrate_n may_v make_v the_o threat_n of_o positive_a law_n how_o just_a or_o how_o severe_a soever_o to_o signify_v nothing_o wherefore_o either_o there_o must_v be_v no_o end_n at_o all_o of_o humane_a life_n or_o there_o must_v be_v no_o such_o rule_n or_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o obtain_n of_o this_o end_n or_o these_o must_v be_v without_o any_o sanction_n or_o that_o sanction_n must_v be_v to_o no_o purpose_n or_o else_o there_o must_v be_v another_o state_n wherein_o those_o who_o transgress_v such_o law_n now_o without_o any_o punishment_n shall_v receive_v what_o be_v their_o due_n hereafter_o 2._o the_o different_a event_n which_o befall_v those_o person_n which_o pursue_v or_o forsake_v the_o end_n for_o which_o humane_a life_n be_v give_v show_v also_o that_o if_o we_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v a_o god_n there_o must_v be_v a_o future_a state_n they_o who_o be_v least_o careful_a to_o pursue_v the_o true_a end_n of_o life_n or_o rather_o who_o most_o industrious_o forsake_v it_o be_v often_o most_o happy_a as_o to_o all_o appearance_n and_o grow_v great_a and_o wealthy_a and_o live_v in_o peace_n and_o honour_n on_o the_o other_o side_n they_o who_o pursue_v this_o end_n most_o faithful_o be_v expose_v to_o great_a suffering_n their_o virtue_n be_v often_o to_o their_o disadvantage_n their_o humility_n patience_n and_o generosity_n encourage_v insolent_a and_o violent_a man_n to_o injure_v and_o oppress_v they_o and_o their_o constancy_n and_o integrity_n bring_v they_o some_o time_n to_o barbarous_a and_o bloody_a death_n so_o that_o man_n indispensible_a duty_n and_o his_o happiness_n as_o to_o this_o world_n be_v often_o inconsistent_a and_o therefore_o we_o must_v conclude_v either_o that_o god_n be_v unjust_a or_o unwise_a in_o propose_v such_o a_o end_n of_o man_n be_v as_o may_v make_v it_o miserable_a nay_o as_o may_v prove_v the_o destruction_n of_o it_o or_o else_o that_o there_o must_v be_v another_o state_n wherein_o those_o who_o pursue_v or_o forsake_v this_o end_n most_o shall_v be_v reward_v or_o punish_v more_o equal_o 3._o man_n be_v capable_a of_o do_v so_o much_o good_a by_o the_o pursue_n of_o this_o end_n that_o he_o can_v receive_v a_o adequate_a reward_n in_o this_o life_n and_o be_v capable_a of_o do_v so_o much_o evil_n by_o act_v against_o it_o that_o he_o can_v be_v make_v to_o suffer_v a_o adequate_a punishment_n and_o therefore_o there_o must_v be_v another_o state_n for_o both_o these_o purpose_n as_o to_o the_o first_o a_o man_n may_v make_v so_o great_a a_o progress_n in_o knowledge_n and_o virtue_n and_o be_v so_o very_o good_a himself_o that_o by_o his_o example_n and_o instruction_n especial_o if_o he_o have_v interest_n and_o power_n in_o the_o world_n he_o may_v retrieve_v many_o from_o ignorance_n and_o vice_n he_o may_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o such_o good_a law_n or_o of_o make_v such_o provision_n for_o the_o unhappy_a as_o may_v extend_v to_o future_a age_n what_o a_o blessing_n be_v a_o wise_a and_o good_a prince_n that_o faithful_o employ_v his_o time_n and_o his_o power_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o his_o subject_n now_o what_o reward_n can_v this_o world_n afford_v that_o can_v be_v any_o way_n proportionable_a to_o such_o a_o person_n virtue_n especial_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o more_o rational_a and_o virtuous_a any_o soul_n be_v the_o more_o it_o must_v be_v above_o whatever_o belong_v to_o sensation_n that_o be_v whatever_o wealth_n honour_n or_o pleasure_n this_o world_n can_v offer_v it_o it_o be_v true_a the_o pleasure_n of_o a_o good_a conscience_n look_v something_o like_o a_o proper_a reward_n in_o such_o case_n but_o alas_o what_o be_v these_o without_o the_o prospect_n of_o a_o better_a state_n and_o how_o much_o must_v they_o be_v check_v and_o damp_v continual_o by_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o shortness_n and_o incertainty_n of_o this_o only_o be_v as_o to_o the_o second_o a_o man_n may_v commit_v so_o much_o wickedness_n he_o may_v be_v guilty_a of_o so_o many_o murder_n he_o may_v spread_v such_o pernicious_a principle_n as_o by_o destroy_v the_o belief_n of_o a_o god_n and_o enervate_v the_o force_n of_o humane_a law_n may_v let_v loose_a the_o most_o furious_a passion_n and_o wild_a appetite_n and_o this_o may_v end_v not_o only_o in_o the_o misery_n of_o the_o present_a age_n but_o infect_v the_o future_a and_o what_o mischief_n be_v not_o a_o vicious_a tyraut_v capable_a of_o do_v the_o worst_a punishment_n that_o can_v be_v inflict_v in_o these_o case_n must_v end_v in_o death_n but_o how_o inconsiderable_a be_v that_o though_o cause_v by_o the_o most_o exquisite_a torment_n if_o compare_v with_o such_o crime_n and_o many_o other_o which_o may_v easy_o be_v suppose_v wherefore_o since_o man_n be_v capable_a of_o do_v more_o good_a or_o evil_a than_o he_o can_v receive_v a_o adequate_a reward_n or_o punishment_n for_o in_o this_o life_n we_o must_v either_o accuse_v that_o god_n who_o make_v he_o so_o of_o want_n of_o wisdom_n goodness_n or_o justice_n or_o else_o allow_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v another_o state_n etc._n etc._n if_o we_o consider_v also_o the_o vast_a capacity_n of_o humane_a nature_n the_o excellency_n of_o those_o faculty_n whereby_o man_n be_v qualify_v for_o pursue_v his_o proper_a end_n how_o much_o they_o set_v he_o above_o all_o other_o creature_n how_o they_o suggest_v to_o he_o natural_o future_a happiness_n and_o misery_n and_o fill_v he_o with_o hope_n and_o fear_n according_o this_o also_o will_v afford_v we_o other_o argument_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n 1._o as_o to_o that_o great_a degree_n of_o capacity_n which_o man_n have_v in_o regard_n to_o other_o creature_n and_o the_o excellency_n of_o those_o faculty_n by_o which_o he_o be_v distinguish_v from_o they_o sup_n they_o vid._n pag._n 13_o 14._o sup_n to_o what_o purpose_n be_v these_o if_o there_o be_v no_o other_o life_n but_o this_o instinct_n and_o sensation_n will_v do_v the_o business_n of_o self-preservation_n as_o well_o in_o man_n as_o in_o beast_n without_o the_o great_a endowment_n of_o reason_n and_o freewill_n by_o the_o misuse_n of_o which_o man_n have_v a_o possibility_n of_o make_v his_o life_n both_o more_o miserable_a and_o short_a than_o they_o can_v they_o so_o that_o these_o power_n which_o he_o value_v himself_o upon_o so_o much_o will_v not_o be_v only_o supersluous_a but_o great_o to_o his_o disadvantage_n wherefore_o as_o the_o very_a place_n of_o these_o faculty_n in_o man_n by_o a_o wise_a and_o sovereign_a be_v show_v that_o he_o be_v make_v for_o a_o great_a end_n than_o only_o to_o continue_v such_o a_o time_n here_o so_o if_o we_o observe_v the_o operation_n of_o they_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o they_o aspire_v to_o something_o great_a than_o this_o world_n can_v afford_v that_o we_o have_v a_o capacity_n too_o great_a to_o rest_v satisfy_v with_o the_o choice_a enjoyment_n here_o that_o our_o reason_n teach_v we_o to_o despise_v they_o and_o raise_v we_o to_o desire_v more_o noble_a object_n and_o more_o solid_a and_o last_a happiness_n etc._n happiness_n see_v that_o late_a learned_a and_o ingenious_a discourse_n concern_v the_o certainty_n and_o necessity_n of_o religion_n in_o general_n pag._n 142_o etc._n etc._n have_v god_n intend_v this_o life_n as_o the_o only_a scene_n of_o man_n happiness_n he_o will_v have_v sit_v and_o proportion_v his_o capacity_n according_o he_o will_v have_v make_v he_o to_o acquiess_v in_o such_o enjoyment_n as_o he_o find_v here_o and_o not_o have_v dispose_v he_o natural_o to_o think_v of_o another_o state_n and_o to_o long_o after_o it_o and_o therefore_o since_o he_o have_v do_v so_o we_o may_v be_v assure_v that_o there_o will_v be_v another_o state_n answerable_a at_o least_o to_o such_o conception_n etc._n conception_n see_v that_o late_a learned_a and_o ingenious_a discourse_n concern_v the_o certainty_n and_o necessity_n of_o religion_n in_o general_n pag._n 142_o etc._n etc._n 2._o this_o be_v also_o evident_a from_o the_o natural_a sense_n of_o evil_a and_o of_o gild_n upon_o commit_v it_o and_o the_o fear_n which_o attend_v it_o otherwise_o man_n will_v be_v the_o most_o wretched_a of_o all_o creature_n to_o no_o purpose_n there_o be_v no_o creature_n that_o feel_v remorse_n upon_o sense_n of_o gild_n or_o that_o dread_v punishment_n according_o
a_o essay_n concern_v self-murder_n wherein_o be_v endeavour_v to_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v unlawful_a according_a to_o natural_a principle_n with_o some_o consideration_n upon_o what_o be_v pretend_v from_o the_o say_a principle_n by_o the_o author_n of_o a_o treatise_n entitle_v biathanatos_n and_o other_o by_o j._n adam_n rector_n of_o st._n alban_n woodstreet_n and_o chaplain_n in_o ordinary_a to_o his_o majesty_n london_n print_v for_o tho._n bennet_n at_o the_o half-moon_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n 1700._o to_o the_o reverend_n dr._n godolphin_n provost_n of_o eton_n college_n sir_n there_o be_v few_o address_n of_o this_o kind_n where_o the_o writer_n consider_v the_o reputation_n of_o the_o person_n he_o apply_v to_o half_o so_o much_o as_o his_o own_o for_o though_o the_o gratitude_n from_o whence_o they_o flow_v may_v be_v sincere_a yet_o they_o be_v likewise_o very_o glad_a that_o the_o world_n shall_v know_v their_o friend_n or_o patron_n if_o something_o of_o this_o shall_v be_v lay_v to_o my_o charge_n i_o can_v hardly_o acquit_v myself_o since_o it_o be_v not_o i_o confess_v without_o some_o pride_n that_o i_o acknowlâ—…ge_v thus_o public_o the_o great_a obligation_n which_o i_o have_v to_o you_o however_o i_o must_v say_v that_o this_o be_v not_o the_o only_a ground_n of_o my_o apply_v to_o you_o for_o have_v undertake_v the_o defence_n of_o humane_a life_n it_o will_v not_o have_v be_v sufficient_a to_o have_v show_v that_o god_n reserve_v to_o himself_o the_o absolute_a propriety_n of_o it_o and_o that_o he_o impart_v it_o to_o man_n for_o a_o great_a and_o noble_a end_n unless_o i_o have_v give_v some_o instance_n how_o valuable_a how_o glorious_a it_o may_v become_v by_o a_o constant_a pursuit_n of_o that_o end_n where_o then_o can_v i_o have_v meet_v with_o so_o full_a a_o instance_n to_o this_o purpose_n as_o in_o the_o example_n of_o your_o life_n where_o such_o strength_n of_o reason_n be_v guide_v so_o regular_o by_o revelation_n and_o every_o virtue_n improud_v and_o adorn_v by_o primitive_a piety_n thus_o your_o name_n support_v my_o argument_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o my_o protection_n who_o have_v attack_v a_o error_n of_o so_o much_o reputation_n and_o which_o be_v set_v off_o with_o all_o the_o pompous_a boast_n of_o reason_n courage_n honour_n and_o liberty_n by_o which_o man_n choose_v to_o be_v mislead_v rather_o than_o guide_v by_o revelation_n till_o after_o the_o loss_n of_o health_n estate_n and_o a_o good_a conscience_n they_o be_v drive_v to_o seek_v for_o ease_n in_o self-murder_n among_o other_o pretence_n which_o have_v be_v bring_v to_o justify_v this_o act_n one_o of_o the_o most_o popular_a be_v the_o example_n of_o the_o roman_n i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o give_v some_o account_n when_o it_o first_o grow_v in_o vogue_n among_o they_o and_o what_o viâ—…es_v and_o opinion_n make_v way_n for_o it_o how_o from_o a_o people_n natural_o religious_a brave_a and_o disintere_v above_o corruption_n as_o much_o as_o cowardice_n they_o fall_v firstinto_o atheism_n and_o from_o thence_o into_o luxury_n bribery_n and_o treachery_n public_a poverty_n and_o private_a extortion_n which_o end_v at_o last_o in_o the_o slavery_n and_o ruin_n of_o that_o great_a nation_n i_o can_v not_o consider_v this_o without_o a_o melancholic_a reflection_n upon_o my_o own_o country_n formerly_z not_o unlike_o the_o other_o in_o its_o virtue_n as_o its_o enemy_n will_v confess_v for_o their_o own_o credit_n but_o alas_o now_o too_o like_o it_o in_o its_o vice_n as_o its_o best_a friend_n must_v be_v force_v to_o own_o what_o can_v save_v it_o from_o the_o same_o calamity_n but_o the_o restore_n that_o lose_a zeal_n for_o religion_n and_o virtue_n and_o sincere_a love_n of_o the_o public_a good_a and_o what_o one_o family_n can_v contribute_v more_o to_o this_o than_o your_o own_o where_o at_o this_o time_n be_v to_o be_v find_v such_o excellent_a qualification_n for_o support_n and_o ornament_n both_o of_o the_o church_n and_o state_n may_v that_o good_a providence_n which_o upon_o all_o occasion_n have_v be_v so_o favourable_a to_o this_o nation_n make_v you_o his_o happy_a instrument_n to_o this_o purpose_n sir_n your_o most_o humble_a and_o most_o faithful_a servant_n john_n adam_n the_o content_n chap._n i._n man_z consider_v in_o the_o individual_a and_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n of_o humane_a life_n what_o and_o from_o whence_o it_o be_v where_o the_o absolute_a propriety_n of_o it_o be_v to_o be_v place_v page_n 3._o chap._n ii_o concern_v the_o true_a end_n or_o design_n of_o humane_a life_n and_o what_o it_o be_v to_o follow_v nature_n pag._n 11._o chap._n iii_o man_n consider_v as_o a_o member_n of_o civil_a society_n self-murder_n prove_v to_o be_v destructive_a to_o civil_a society_n from_o which_o and_o what_o be_v say_v before_o conclude_v to_o be_v a_o act_n of_o the_o great_a injustice_n and_o therefore_o unlawful_a pag._n 23._o chap._n iu._n of_o the_o rise_n and_o obligation_n of_o self-preservation_n some_o objection_n against_o it_o remove_v how_o far_o humane_a life_n may_v be_v just_o value_v or_o despise_v pag._n 33._o chap._n v._n who_o they_o be_v chief_o that_o maintain_v this_o act_n to_o be_v lawful_a the_o stoic_n the_o author_n of_o biathanatos_n method_n propose_v for_o the_o answer_a objection_n some_o general_a one_o consider_v which_o be_v bring_v against_o self-preservation_n as_o confess_v to_o be_v a_o law_n of_o nature_n pag._n 48._o chap._n vi_o such_o objection_n consider_v as_o be_v offer_v against_o the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n with_o particular_a relation_n to_o what_o have_v be_v say_v concern_v god_n propriety_n of_o humane_a life_n and_o which_o either_o direct_o deny_v this_o propriety_n or_o else_o allow_v it_o pretend_v that_o a_o man_n may_v notwithstanding_o this_o kill_v himself_o lawful_o by_o god_n dispenfation_n dismission_n call_v or_o summons_n pag._n 50._o chap._n vii_o other_o objection_n answer_v by_o which_o they_o will_v introduce_v a_o different_a end_n of_o humane_a life_n as_o the_o measure_n of_o self-preservation_n and_o then_o suppose_v that_o this_o end_n do_v cease_v whensoever_o a_o man_n reason_n tell_v he_o that_o it_o do_v so_o will_v from_o hence_o infer_v that_o his_o obligation_n to_o preserve_v life_n do_v cease_v also_o pag._n 73._o chap._n viii_o examination_n of_o such_o objection_n as_o be_v bring_v to_o invalidate_v what_o be_v say_v above_o as_o to_o man_n be_v a_o member_n of_o civil_a society_n and_o the_o vnlawfulness_n of_o self-murder_n in_o this_o regard_n also_o application_n to_o the_o coroner_n inquest_n in_o this_o case_n pag._n 94_o chap._n ix_o transition_n to_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o this_o treatise_n with_o a_o short_a view_n osâ—…it_fw-la the_o authority_n of_o example_n consider_v several_a instance_n of_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o many_o country_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o self-murder_n examine_v particular_o such_o as_o relate_v to_o the_o roman_n that_o nothing_o can_v be_v borught_v from_o hence_o to_o prove_v self-murder_n to_o be_v natural_a pag._n 131._o chap._n x._o the_o rise_n and_o progress_n of_o the_o stoic_n a_o short_a account_n of_o their_o philosophy_n when_o and_o for_o what_o reason_n it_o spread_v among_o the_o roman_n that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o self-murder_n be_v inconsistent_a with_o their_o other_o principle_n as_o prove_v by_o instance_n from_o their_o great_a author_n seneca_n epictetus_n and_o antoninus_n with_o a_o brief_a character_n of_o each_o pag._n 157._o chap._n xi_o gato_n case_n consider_v in_o particular_a his_o character_n his_o enmity_n against_o caesar_n the_o several_a circumstance_n of_o his_o death_n what_o be_v probable_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o it_o and_o of_o the_o great_a encomium_n which_o be_v give_v he_o afterward_o pag._n 186._o chap._n xii_o concern_v courage_n what_o the_o nature_n object_n and_o use_v of_o it_o be_v as_o humane_a the_o mistake_v concern_v it_o and_o the_o occasion_n of_o they_o that_o self-murder_n be_v not_o the_o natural_a effect_n of_o true_a courage_n pag._n 208._o chap._n xiii_o of_o honour_n that_o this_o be_v twofold_a either_o inward_a a_o principle_n of_o virtue_n or_o outward_a from_o the_o applause_n which_o follow_v upon_o the_o other_o that_o neither_o of_o these_o can_v ever_o require_v self-murder_n the_o mistake_v concern_v honour_n which_o occasion_n it_o objection_n answer_v and_o some_o particular_a case_n consider_v pag._n 225._o chap_n fourteen_o liberty_n the_o last_o plea_n for_o self-murder_n examine_v the_o several_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n of_o that_o liberty_n in_o general_n which_o man_n have_v as_o to_o his_o action_n that_o this_o can_v afford_v no_o pretence_n for_o self-murder_n that_o whatever_o calamity_n what_o grief_n or_o pain_n soever_o afflict_v the_o soul_n or_o may_v be_v suppose_v to_o enslave_v it_o man_n have_v no_o authority_n to_o
according_a to_o reason_n as_o to_o the_o government_n of_o humane_a action_n which_o be_v the_o thing_n mean_v all_o along_o it_o must_v be_v virtuous_a so_o perhaps_o the_o follow_v of_o virtue_n only_o may_v include_v the_o other_o too_o however_o since_o these_o two_o expression_n have_v be_v use_v and_o take_v in_o different_a sense_n heretofore_o and_o may_v still_o be_v liable_a to_o exception_n since_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o fix_v the_o end_n of_o life_n which_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o refer_v to_o so_o often_o in_o this_o discourse_n in_o some_o particular_a term_n or_o other_o i_o think_v it_o most_o convenient_a to_o make_v use_n of_o these_o and_o hope_v that_o the_o do_v so_o will_v not_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o any_o affectation_n this_o then_o be_v that_o which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o great_a end_n of_o humane_a life_n which_o i_o shall_v 7._o shall_v chap._n 7._o further_o confirm_v when_o i_o come_v to_o consider_v the_o objection_n which_o may_v be_v raise_v against_o it_o wherefore_o to_o apply_v this_o to_o our_o present_a purpose_n from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v may_v be_v infer_v 1._o that_o since_o there_o be_v certain_o some_o end_n or_o other_o for_o which_o man_n have_v life_n whether_o it_o be_v the_o same_o end_n or_o not_o which_o we_o have_v assign_v thus_o far_o we_o may_v be_v assure_v that_o self-murder_n be_v unlawful_a upon_o this_o account_n because_o by_o this_o act_n man_n positive_o renounce_v that_o end_n and_o destroy_v irrecoverable_o the_o mean_n of_o obtain_v it_o 2._o if_o the_o true_a end_n of_o humane_a life_n be_v man_n work_v according_o to_o the_o utmost_a of_o those_o faculty_n by_o which_o he_o excel_v other_o creature_n the_o follow_v of_o reason_n by_o virtue_n than_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o any_o one_o who_o do_v so_o any_o good_a man_n shall_v ever_o be_v incline_v to_o destroy_v his_o life_n because_o the_o worse_a his_o circumstance_n be_v the_o noble_a compass_n shall_v his_o freewill_n have_v to_o follow_v its_o reason_n by_o several_a virtue_n and_o the_o more_o it_o do_v so_o the_o more_o it_o must_v be_v satisfy_v with_o itself_o and_o therefore_o can_v at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v incline_v to_o destroy_v that_o very_a satisfaction_n by_o self-murder_n from_o hence_o also_o some_o inference_n may_v be_v draw_v for_o the_o confirm_v of_o what_o be_v say_v above_o concern_v man_n have_v no_o absolute_a propriety_n of_o his_o life_n as_o 1._o if_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a end_n of_o humane_a life_n than_o there_o must_v be_v also_o certain_a rule_n or_o law_n which_o man_n must_v be_v bind_v to_o observe_v in_o the_o pursue_n of_o that_o end_n which_o law_n be_v found_v in_o nature_n and_o not_o depend_v upon_o man_n choice_n or_o consent_n oblige_v he_o whether_o he_o will_v or_o no._n if_o there_o be_v such_o law_n as_o these_o some_o of_o which_o be_v abovementioned_a which_o man_n be_v thus_o indispensable_o oblige_v to_o observe_v while_o he_o have_v reason_n leave_v than_o he_o can_v have_v such_o a_o absolute_a propriety_n of_o life_n as_o to_o destroy_v it_o when_o he_o please_v 2._o if_o there_o be_v such_o law_n as_o these_o all_o law_n suppose_v reward_n and_o punishment_n otherwise_o they_o will_v be_v to_o no_o purpose_n now_o when_o man_n be_v in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n he_o can_v be_v make_v to_o suffer_v any_o punishment_n for_o transgress_v any_o law_n of_o nature_n he_o can_v be_v suppose_v to_o punish_v himself_o and_o no_o body_n else_o have_v any_o right_a to_o punish_v he_o wherefore_o there_o must_v be_v another_o state_n wherein_o he_o must_v be_v liable_a to_o account_v for_o the_o use_n which_o he_o have_v make_v of_o life_n and_o if_o so_o he_o can_v possible_o have_v any_o absolute_a propriety_n of_o that_o which_o he_o be_v not_o only_o accountable_a for_o every_o moment_n that_o he_o have_v it_o but_o also_o liable_a to_o punishment_n for_o the_o misuse_n of_o it_o and_o much_o more_o for_o the_o destruction_n of_o it_o 3._o suppose_v that_o man_n have_v a_o derivative_a propriety_n of_o his_o life_n from_o god_n yet_o if_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a end_n for_o which_o life_n be_v bestow_v that_o propriety_n can_v be_v absolute_a because_o it_o must_v be_v conditional_a nor_o can_v it_o ever_o become_v absolute_a by_o the_o cease_n of_o the_o condition_n because_o the_o condition_n can_v never_o be_v perform_v so_o full_o as_o to_o be_v cancel_v the_o condition_n here_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o end_n of_o life_n the_o follow_v of_o reason_n by_o virtue_n there_o can_v be_v no_o circumstance_n of_o life_n where_o this_o be_v not_o absolute_o necessary_a a_o man_n can_v never_o have_v do_v be_v reasonable_a or_o virtuous_a never_o fulfil_v this_o end_n so_o far_o as_o to_o have_v liberty_n to_o destroy_v himself_o unless_o we_o will_v say_v that_o the_o more_o a_o man_n have_v of_o reason_n the_o great_a right_n he_o will_v have_v to_o renounce_v it_o and_o the_o better_a use_n that_o he_o can_v make_v of_o life_n the_o more_o liberty_n he_o will_v have_v of_o not_o live_v at_o all_o i_o shall_v conclude_v what_o have_v be_v say_v concern_v the_o propriety_n which_o god_n have_v reserve_v to_o himself_o of_o humane_a life_n and_o the_o end_n for_o which_o man_n have_v it_o from_o he_o with_o observe_v that_o both_o these_o have_v be_v acknowledge_v by_o the_o wise_a philosopher_n for_o instance_n 5._o instance_n in_o phaed._n sect._n 5._o plato_n make_v socrates_n to_o say_v that_o the_o god_n have_v a_o peculiar_a care_n of_o we_o that_o man_n be_v one_o of_o those_o thing_n of_o which_o they_o have_v reserve_v to_o themselves_o a_o particular_a propriety_n from_o which_o he_o infer_v that_o as_o a_o man_n will_v be_v angry_a with_o his_o slave_n if_o he_o shall_v kill_v himself_o without_o his_o leave_n and_o will_v punish_v he_o if_o he_o can_v for_o so_o do_v so_o perhaps_o say_v he_o god_n will_v deal_v with_o man_n if_o he_o shall_v kill_v himself_o unless_o he_o himself_o impose_v a_o necessity_n upon_o he_o as_o he_o do_v now_o upon_o i_o mean_v as_o to_o his_o drink_v the_o poison_n after_o that_o he_o have_v be_v condemn_v to_o die_v maj._n die_v in_o caton_n maj._n pythagoras_n to_o show_v the_o unlawfulness_n of_o destroy_v god_n propriety_n and_o forsake_v the_o end_n for_o which_o life_n be_v give_v lay_v it_o down_o for_o one_o of_o his_o rule_n that_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o quit_v his_o station_n without_o the_o express_a command_n of_o his_o superior_a officer_n that_o be_v of_o god_n as_o cicero_n explain_v it_o and_o he_o also_o represent_v the_o transport_v of_o young_a scipionis_fw-la young_a vid._n somnum_fw-la scipionis_fw-la scipio_n aemilianus_n when_o he_o see_v his_o grandfather_n africanus_n and_o his_o father_n paulus_n and_o other_o roman_a hero_n appear_v to_o he_o in_o a_o dream_n in_o a_o place_n of_o happiness_n and_o glory_n and_o burn_v with_o a_o youthful_a ardour_n and_o impatience_n to_o come_v to_o they_o he_o make_v his_o great_a father_n reply_n to_o he_o it_o must_v not_o be_v so_o unless_o the_o god_n to_o who_o belong_v this_o vast_a and_o glorious_a circumference_n that_o you_o behold_v unless_o that_o god_n set_v you_o at_o liberty_n himself_o from_o that_o body_n which_o he_o have_v confine_v you_o to_o there_o can_v be_v no_o entrance_n hither_o wherefore_o my_o dear_a publius_n you_o and_o all_o good_a man_n must_v be_v content_v to_o retain_v your_o mind_n within_o your_o body_n nor_o remove_v out_o of_o humane_a life_n without_o his_o command_n who_o give_v it_o you_o leave_v you_o shall_v seem_v guilty_a of_o desert_v the_o post_n which_o god_n have_v assign_v to_o you_o as_o you_o be_v man_n but_o follow_v justice_n scipio_n follow_v piety_n as_o this_o your_o grandfather_n and_o i_o do_v before_o you_o such_o a_o life_n as_o that_o be_v the_o direct_a way_n to_o heaven_n say_v that_o great_a man_n not_o the_o kill_n of_o one_o self_n though_o even_o out_o of_o impatience_n of_o arrive_v thither_o chap._n iii_o man_n consider_v as_o a_o member_n of_o civil_a society_n self-murder_n prove_v by_o several_a argument's_n to_o be_v destructive_a to_o civil_a society_n from_o which_o and_o what_o be_v say_v before_o conclude_v to_o be_v a_o act_n of_o the_o great_a injustice_n and_o therefore_o unlawful_a hitherto_o we_o have_v consider_v man_n as_o single_a and_o independent_a from_o humane_a law_n and_o show_v that_o as_o he_o be_v so_o self-murder_n be_v a_o act_n of_o injustice_n towards_o god_n by_o destroy_v that_o which_o be_v his_o alone_a and_o also_o both_o towards_o god_n and_o towards_o a_o man_n be_v own_o self_n by_o the_o positive_a and_o wilful_a refusal_n of_o perform_v that_o end_n for_o which_o he_o receive_v life_n and_o in_o
absurd_a than_o that_o contempt_n of_o life_n which_o be_v so_o very_a much_o affect_v by_o some_o people_n which_o injudicious_a poet_n very_o much_o contribute_v too_o what_o then_o to_o have_v a_o hero_n strut_a and_o rant_a against_o life_n when_o either_o he_o have_v make_v it_o miserable_a by_o his_o folly_n or_o be_v incapable_a of_o make_v a_o proper_a use_n of_o it_o by_o his_o ignorance_n not_o to_o know_v what_o to_o do_v with_o life_n be_v not_o to_o know_v what_o to_o do_v with_o reason_n there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o man_n in_o the_o world_n who_o despise_v the_o slavery_n of_o reflection_n and_o forecast_n and_o depend_v only_o upon_o the_o gross_a enjoyment_n of_o the_o present_a moment_n and_o then_o whenever_o they_o meet_v with_o opposition_n or_o disappointment_n which_o they_o must_v needs_o do_v often_o they_o quarrel_v with_o life_n and_o be_v for_o part_v with_o it_o immediate_o whereas_o it_o be_v not_o life_n but_o they_o who_o be_v in_o fault_n life_n be_v always_o please_a when_o reason_n be_v faithful_o obey_v when_o this_o be_v forsake_v life_n indeed_o be_v worth_a nothing_o but_o than_o who_o be_v it_o that_o make_v it_o so_o yet_o still_o after_o all_o when_o it_o be_v become_v so_o worthless_a self-murder_n be_v not_o necessary_a because_o the_o cause_n of_o its_o be_v worthless_a may_v be_v remedy_v if_o the_o person_n concern_v please_v and_o he_o can_v no_o soon_o understand_v for_o what_o reason_n life_n be_v despicable_a but_o that_o he_o may_v make_v it_o quite_o otherwise_o by_o pursue_v the_o true_a end_n of_o it_o furthermore_o to_o confirm_v this_o contempt_n of_o life_n they_o plead_v the_o example_n of_o regulus_n and_o other_o who_o have_v suffer_v death_n with_o all_o calmness_n and_o magnanimity_n but_o will_v any_o man_n venture_v to_o say_v serious_o that_o these_o great_a man_n behave_v themselves_o as_o they_o do_v out_o of_o contempt_n of_o life_n or_o despise_v or_o neglect_v self-preservation_n this_o will_v be_v the_o great_a detraction_n 15._o *_o see_v â—…more_fw-la chap._n 15._o there_o seem_v to_o be_v always_o a_o poorness_n and_o meanness_n of_o spirit_n in_o such_o insinuation_n and_o reflection_n as_o these_o life_n be_v a_o thing_n of_o no_o value_n that_o death_n be_v the_o way_n to_o ease_n and_o the_o pain_n not_o great_a nor_o last_a etc._n etc._n how_o much_o great_a will_v it_o be_v for_o a_o man_n to_o acknowledge_v that_o he_o be_v not_o insensible_a of_o the_o terror_n of_o death_n and_o yet_o to_o show_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o suffer_v all_o rather_o than_o transgress_v against_o that_o end_n for_o which_o life_n be_v give_v he_o by_o commit_v any_o one_o crime_n wherefore_o when_o we_o consider_v the_o settle_a and_o calm_a resolution_n of_o any_o great_a and_o innocent_a man_n at_o the_o point_n of_o violent_a death_n let_v it_o not_o be_v say_v that_o he_o be_v glad_a to_o die_v out_o of_o any_o contempt_n of_o life_n but_o allow_v he_o to_o have_v have_v a_o natural_a regard_n to_o life_n and_o then_o his_o part_n with_o it_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o virtue_n will_v be_v true_o glorious_a by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v may_v appear_v the_o unreasonableness_n of_o several_a passage_n which_o be_v frequent_o to_o be_v meet_v withal_o in_o the_o write_n of_o the_o stoic_n and_o restant_n and_o see_v lucretius_n lib._n 3._o thus_o speak_v in_o the_o person_n of_o nature_n si_fw-la grata_fw-la fuit_fw-la tibi_fw-la vita_fw-la anteacta_fw-la priorque_fw-la cur_n non_fw-la ut_fw-la plenus_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la conviva_fw-la â—…ecedis_fw-la sin_n ea_fw-la qua_fw-la fructus_fw-la â—…unque_fw-la es_fw-la periere_fw-la profusa_fw-la vitaque_fw-la inoffensu_fw-la est_fw-la cur_n amplius_fw-la addere_fw-la quâ—…eris_fw-la nec_fw-la potsus_fw-la vitæ_fw-la finem_fw-la facis_fw-la atque_fw-la laboris_fw-la nam_fw-la tibi_fw-la praeterea_fw-la quod_fw-la machine_a inveniamque_fw-la quod_fw-la placeat_fw-la nihil_fw-la est_fw-la eadem_fw-la sunt_fw-la omne_fw-la semper_fw-la si_fw-mi tibi_fw-la non_fw-la annis_fw-la corpus_fw-la jam_fw-la marcet_fw-la &_o artus_fw-la confecti_fw-la languent_fw-la eadem_fw-la tamen_fw-la omne_fw-la restant_n epicurean_o and_o which_o have_v be_v receive_v with_o much_o applause_n by_o some_o people_n who_o be_v please_v to_o see_v life_n represent_v as_o a_o dull_a business_n not_o worth_a a_o man_n care_n where_o the_o same_o thing_n come_v over_o and_o over_o again_o because_o their_o own_o be_v so_o curritur_fw-la so_o vid._n epist._n 77._o cogita_fw-la quam_fw-la diâ—…_n jam_fw-la idem_fw-la facias_fw-la 〈◊〉_d cibus_fw-la libido_fw-la per_fw-la hune_v circulum_fw-la curritur_fw-la seneca_n have_v a_o remarkable_a passage_n to_o this_o purpose_n where_o speak_v of_o one_o marcellinus_n voluâ—…_n death_n he_o tell_v we_o he_o be_v persuade_v to_o it_o by_o a_o friend_n of_o he_o a_o stoic_a a_o very_a extraordinary_a person_n especial_o as_o to_o his_o courage_n who_o talk_v to_o he_o to_o this_o purpose_n be_v not_o concern_v dear_a marcellinus_n as_o if_o you_o be_v consult_v about_o a_o matter_n of_o any_o great_a importance_n life_n be_v no_o such_o mighty_a business_n your_o slave_n live_v as_o well_o as_o you_o and_o so_o do_v beast_n too_o consider_v how_o long_o you_o have_v be_v do_v the_o same_o thing_n over_o and_o over_o eat_v sleep_v etc._n etc._n this_o be_v the_o narrow_a circle_n which_o we_o be_v always_o run_v this_o indeed_o be_v a_o very_a dull_a circle_n for_o a_o philosopher_n to_o be_v always_o run_v for_o this_o be_v a_o account_n of_o the_o life_n of_o a_o beast_n and_o not_o of_o a_o man_n but_o the_o end_n of_o humane_a life_n be_v of_o a_o noble_a kind_a to_o regulate_v and_o improve_v a_o man_n be_v own_o action_n to_o do_v good_a to_o mankind_n to_o be_v grateful_a and_o dutiful_a to_o the_o gracious_a author_n of_o his_o be_v and_o for_o this_o to_o be_v exalt_v to_o a_o state_n of_o unerring_a reason_n and_o consummate_a virtue_n it_o be_v true_a sensation_n have_v but_o a_o narrow_a compass_n its_o object_n be_v very_o few_o and_o very_o gross_a and_o therefore_o not_o only_o come_v quick_o round_a but_o become_v dull_a and_o dull_a the_o often_o they_o do_v so_o but_o nothing_o can_v bound_v the_o noble_a range_v of_o reason_n and_o when_o this_o be_v faithful_o obey_v no_o satiety_n ever_o attend_v the_o sweet_a applause_n of_o a_o good_a conscience_n but_o as_o the_o progress_n of_o reason_n be_v endless_a so_o the_o pleasure_n of_o virtue_n be_v immortal_a i_o shall_v conclude_v this_o chapter_n with_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o 3._o a_o montaign'_v essay_n book_n 2._o chap._n 3._o person_n who_o be_v very_o much_o esteem_v by_o the_o gentleman_n who_o be_v chief_o concern_v in_o this_o matter_n the_o opinion_n which_o make_v so_o little_a of_o life_n be_v ridiculous_a for_o it_o be_v our_o be_v it_o be_v all_o we_o have_v thing_n of_o a_o noble_a and_o more_o elevate_v be_v may_v indeed_o accuse_v this_o of_o we_o but_o it_o be_v against_o nature_n to_o contemn_v and_o make_v little_a account_n of_o ourselves_o it_o be_v a_o disease_n particular_a to_o man_n and_o not_o discern_v in_o any_o other_o creature_n to_o hate_v and_o despise_v itself_o chap._n v._o who_o they_o be_v chief_o that_o maintain_v this_o act_n to_o be_v lawful_a the_o stoic_n the_o author_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d method_n propose_v some_o gâ—…neral_a objection_n consider_v which_o be_v bring_v against_o self-preservation_n as_o confess_v to_o be_v a_o law_n of_o nature_n have_v thus_o lay_v down_o those_o natural_a principle_n from_o which_o self-murder_n may_v be_v prove_v unlawful_a from_o the_o right_n which_o god_n have_v reserve_v to_o himself_o over_o humane_a life_n from_o the_o end_n or_o design_n for_o which_o man_n receive_v it_o and_o this_o too_o whether_o he_o be_v consider_v as_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n or_o as_o a_o member_n of_o civil_a society_n have_v also_o â—…hewed_v the_o rise_n and_o extent_n of_o the_o principle_n of_o self-preservation_n and_o in_o what_o respect_v humane_a life_n may_v be_v just_o value_v or_o despise_v i_o come_v now_o to_o inquire_v who_o those_o be_v which_o embrace_v the_o contrary_a opinion_n and_o have_v hold_v and_o maintain_v self-murder_n to_o be_v lawful_a among_o the_o ancient_n the_o stoic_n be_v the_o most_o considerable_a yet_o they_o recommend_v it_o to_o the_o world_n more_o by_o the_o austere_a practice_n of_o some_o popular_a virtue_n than_o by_o any_o solid_a argument_n or_o indeed_o any_o remarkable_a attempt_n to_o prove_v it_o lawful_a yet_o what_o they_o have_v offer_v 10._o offer_v see_v chap_n 10._o shall_v be_v consider_v at_o large_a and_o compare_v with_o their_o other_o principle_n this_o have_v be_v pretend_v to_o more_o particular_o by_o paul_n by_o dr._n donnâ—…_n afterward_o dean_n of_o paul_n a_o gentleman_n of_o our_o own_o country_n with_o much_o show_n of_o learning_n and_o
have_v practise_v there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o deformity_n in_o storm_n and_o tempest_n and_o winter_n come_v in_o unpleasant_o after_o the_o warmth_n and_o fruitfulness_n of_o the_o other_o season_n yet_o these_o be_v as_o necessary_a to_o the_o world_n as_o they_o be_v to_o purge_v the_o air_n to_o destroy_v hurtful_a weed_n and_o infect_v and_o to_o dispose_v the_o earth_n to_o answer_v the_o return_a spring_n something_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n be_v full_a as_o necessary_a to_o humane_a nature_n to_o set_v the_o soul_n in_o motion_n after_o the_o sultry_a calm_n of_o ease_n and_o luxury_n 29._o luxury_n antonin_n lib._n 4._o §._o 1._o ib._n lib._n 10._o §._o 29._o a_o great_a mind_n improve_v upon_o opposition_n it_o sparkle_v and_o rejoice_v under_o those_o calamity_n which_o will_v oppress_v other_o and_o slame_n out_o to_o the_o world_n in_o bright_a glory_n wherefore_o to_o suppose_v that_o such_o event_n as_o we_o have_v be_v speak_v of_o be_v dispensation_n or_o dismission_n from_o life_n be_v to_o â—…ay_v either_o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o virtue_n as_o conâ—…ancy_n patience_n and_o fidelity_n and_o that_o â—…od_a dispense_v with_o we_o as_o to_o the_o practise_v any_o such_o duty_n at_o all_o or_o else_o that_o he_o do_v so_o when_o we_o have_v the_o great_a occasion_n for_o they_o when_o they_o be_v near_o to_o their_o high_a perfection_n and_o may_v be_v practise_v most_o glorious_o 5._o but_o after_o all_o the_o very_a be_v alive_a though_o under_o the_o worst_a event_n that_o can_v possible_o be_v imagine_v be_v a_o direct_a contradiction_n to_o any_o such_o call_v summons_n or_o dispensation_n as_o abovementioned_a because_o as_o our_o life_n be_v first_o from_o god_n 6._o god_n see_v chap._n the_o one_a pag._n 6._o so_o the_o continuation_n of_o they_o depend_v whole_o upon_o he_o no_o man_n can_v preserve_v himself_o one_o moment_n without_o the_o concurrence_n of_o his_o providence_n if_o he_o think_v â—…itting_v to_o withdraw_v that_o concurrence_n there_o will_v need_v no_o other_o manifestation_n of_o his_o will_n because_o life_n will_v cease_v immediate_o wherefore_o while_n there_o be_v life_n there_o be_v no_o room_n to_o suppose_v that_o god_n give_v leave_v to_o any_o man_n to_o kill_v himself_o because_o i_o say_v his_o be_v at_o all_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o effect_n of_o god_n will_n and_o therefore_o while_o he_o be_v it_o be_v absurd_a to_o suppose_v that_o god_n will_v his_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v these_o reason_n i_o hope_v may_v be_v sufficient_a to_o show_v that_o no_o man_n can_v have_v any_o assurance_n from_o any_o natural_a event_n that_o god_n do_v resign_v his_o propriety_n of_o humane_a life_n or_o call_v or_o summon_v any_o man_n out_o of_o the_o world_n by_o self-murder_n and_o the_o importance_n of_o the_o â—…ing_n in_o question_n the_o impossibility_n of_o recover_v the_o mistake_n the_o great_a injustice_n towards_o god_n and_o man_n and_o the_o sad_a consequence_n that_o may_v nay_o must_v follow_v aught_o to_o awaken_v man_n upon_o this_o occasion_n while_o they_o have_v any_o reason_n leave_v and_o make_v they_o weigh_v every_o motive_n exact_o and_o impartial_o especial_o since_o it_o may_v so_o just_o be_v fear_v in_o these_o case_n that_o every_o man_n be_v reign_v passion_n his_o fear_n his_o pride_n his_o impatience_n etc._n etc._n may_v be_v his_o god_n and_o the_o rash_a impulse_n of_o these_o be_v take_v for_o divine_a suggestion_n call_n or_o dispensation_n as_o it_o have_v often_o happen_v even_o to_o such_o as_o have_v be_v great_a man_n in_o the_o decay_n of_o their_o strength_n and_o reason_n zen._n reason_n diog._n laert._n in_o zen._n zeno_n the_o father_n of_o the_o stoic_n live_v to_o a_o very_a great_a age_n happen_v one_o day_n to_o stumble_v and_o hurt_v his_o finger_n whereupon_o he_o cry_v out_o to_o this_o purpose_n i_o acknowledge_v your_o summons_n o_o you_o god_n and_o i_o obey_v and_o immediate_o go_v home_n and_o hang_v himself_o if_o those_o event_n which_o melanchoâ—…y_a man_n take_v for_o god_n call_n or_o dispensation_n be_v examine_v they_o will_v seldom_o be_v find_v to_o be_v more_o reasonable_a than_o this_o chap._n vii_o other_o objection_n answer_v by_o which_o they_o will_v introduce_v another_o end_n of_o humane_a life_n as_o the_o measure_n of_o self-preservation_n instead_o of_o that_o above_o mention_v and_o then_o suppose_v that_o this_o end_n do_v cease_v whenever_o a_o man_n reason_n tell_v he_o that_o it_o do_v so_o will_v from_o hence_o infer_v that_o his_o obligation_n to_o preserve_v life_n do_v cease_v also_o from_o exception_n limitation_n and_o dispensation_n of_o this_o law_n they_o come_v at_o last_o to_o tell_v we_o direct_o that_o there_o be_v some_o case_n in_o which_o it_o whole_o cease_v and_o then_o a_o man_n become_v master_n and_o disposer_n of_o himself_o 47._o himself_o biath_n p._n 47._o no_o law_n be_v so_o primary_n and_o simple_n but_o that_o it_o fore-imagines_a a_o reason_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v found_v and_o scarce_o any_o reason_n so_o constant_a but_o that_o circumstance_n may_v alter_v it_o in_o which_o case_n a_o private_a man_n be_v emperor_n of_o himself_o svi_fw-la juris_fw-la and_o he_o who_o conscience_n be_v well_o temper_a and_o dispassion_v assure_v he_o that_o the_o reason_n of_o self-preservation_n cease_v in_o he_o may_v also_o presume_v that_o the_o law_n cease_v too_o and_o may_v do_v that_o than_o which_o otherwise_o be_v against_o the_o law_n self-preservation_n which_o we_o confess_v to_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o general_a natural_a law_n be_v no_o other_o thing_n than_o a_o natural_a affection_n and_o appetition_n of_o good_a whether_o true_a or_o seem_a now_o since_o this_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n be_v accomplish_v in_o attain_v that_o which_o conduce_v to_o our_o end_n and_o be_v i._n e._n seem_v good_a to_o we_o if_o i_o propose_v to_o myself_o in_o this_o self-homicide_n a_o great_a good_a though_o imistake_v it_o i_o perceive_v not_o wherein_o i_o transgress_v the_o general_a law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v a_o affection_n of_o good_a true_a or_o seem_v and_o if_o that_o which_o i_o affect_v by_o death_n be_v true_o a_o great_a good_a wherein_o be_v the_o other_o strict_a law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v rectify_v reason_n violate_v i_o will_v first_o give_v a_o short_a answer_n to_o every_o one_o of_o these_o proposition_n in_o the_o term_n here_o make_v of_o use_n and_o in_o the_o same_o order_n that_o they_o lie_v afterward_o i_o will_v represent_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o argument_n according_a to_o the_o best_a of_o my_o judgement_n in_o other_o term_n such_o as_o seem_v to_o i_o more_o clear_a and_o plain_a such_o as_o i_o have_v meet_v withal_o in_o other_o author_n or_o discourse_n and_o then_o endeavour_v no_o answer_n it_o more_o full_o 1._o the_o reason_n upon_o which_o the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n be_v found_v 30._o found_v chap_n 4._o p._n 30._o have_v be_v show_v to_o be_v twofold_a 1._o the_o preserve_n of_o god_n propriety_n of_o every_o man_n life_n and_o that_o 2._o with_o regard_n to_o the_o end_n for_o which_o life_n be_v give_v this_o reason_n be_v so_o constant_a that_o no_o circumstance_n whatever_o unless_o a_o plain_a and_o undeniable_a manifestation_n of_o god_n will_n can_v ever_o alter_v it_o 2._o conscience_n which_o be_v the_o last_o judgement_n of_o upright_a reason_n as_o it_o consider_v humane_a action_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n must_v be_v guide_v by_o what_o be_v allow_v to_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o self-preservation_n be_v allow_v to_o be_v where_o there_o be_v no_o law_n reason_n may_v act_n alone_o but_o where_o there_o be_v it_o be_v bind_v to_o obey_v it_o and_o its_o do_v so_o prove_v conscience_n to_o be_v well_o temper_v and_o dispassion_v but_o it_o may_v just_o be_v doubt_v whether_o it_o be_v real_o so_o or_o no_o when_o it_o look_v out_o for_o a_o reason_n for_o the_o cease_n of_o a_o confess_a law_n moreover_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o a_o upright_a conscience_n which_o acknowlege_v that_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o law_n be_v the_o preserve_n of_o god_n propriety_n of_o humane_a life_n to_o the_o end_n above_o mention_v can_v ever_o assure_v any_o man_n that_o such_o a_o end_n be_v real_o cease_v as_o have_v be_v show_v at_o large_a in_o the_o last_o chapter_n wherefore_o this_o learned_a gentleman_n be_v sensible_a of_o this_o proposes_n another_o end_n of_o this_o law_n such_o as_o be_v very_o convenient_a indeed_o for_o his_o purpose_n and_o may_v cease_v whenever_o any_o man_n think_v sit_v and_o this_o be_v good_a true_a or_o seem_v 3._o if_o self-preservation_n be_v a_o appetition_n of_o good_a true_a or_o seem_v this_o must_v be_v at_o least_o of_o such_o a_o sort_n of_o good_a as_o be_v or_o seem_v proper_a
own_o reason_n in_o what_o appear_v to_o he_o good_a or_o evil_a in_o embrace_v the_o first_o and_o avoid_v the_o latter_a though_o he_o may_v be_v mistake_v follow_v his_o own_o nature_n according_o if_o he_o can_v obtain_v that_o in_o which_o he_o place_v his_o happiness_n and_o his_o life_n become_v miserable_a upon_o this_o account_n he_o follow_v nature_n who_o lay_v it_o down_o to_o this_o it_o may_v be_v reply_v that_o to_o sollow_v one_o own_o nature_n can_v be_v any_o exemption_n from_o what_o be_v say_v before_o nor_o be_v the_o account_n which_o have_v be_v give_v there_o too_o general_a for_o as_o to_o what_o relate_v to_o the_o end_n of_o life_n the_o follow_v of_o reason_n by_o virtue_n this_o belong_v equal_o to_o humane_a nature_n in_o general_n forasmuch_o as_o all_o man_n be_v rational_a either_o then_o by_o this_o be_v mean_v the_o same_o with_o the_o follow_v of_o humane_a nature_n which_o be_v the_o rule_n by_o which_o all_o mankind_n be_v to_o act_n or_o else_o we_o must_v suppose_v that_o there_o be_v a_o particular_a rule_n or_o law_n give_v to_o every_o individual_a person_n different_a from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o same_o species_n which_o he_o alone_o be_v bind_v to_o follow_v but_o this_o will_v be_v more_o unreasonable_a than_o if_o we_o shall_v say_v that_o every_o subject_a of_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o the_o general_a law_n of_o that_o country_n but_o that_o he_o have_v a_o particular_a private_a law_n by_o which_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o act_n and_o that_o too_o often_o in_o direct_a opposition_n to_o the_o other_o 2._o by_o follow_v once_o own_o nature_n perhaps_o be_v mean_v the_o same_o with_o zeno_n maxim_n 185_o maxim_n or_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d diog._n laer_n p._n 185_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o i_o think_v may_v be_v render_v the_o live_n conformable_o or_o consistent_o i.e._n the_o be_v the_o same_o in_o opinion_n humour_n manner_n the_o have_v one_o life_n all_o of_o a_o piece_n whatsoever_o come_v to_o pass_v which_o they_o also_o call_v 1._o call_v ciâ—…ero_n de_fw-fr offic._n lib._n 1._o decorum_n as_o if_o a_o man_n be_v of_o a_o easy_a and_o oblige_a temper_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v the_o same_o in_o adversity_n as_o well_o as_o prosperity_n sickness_n and_o health_n to_o the_o mean_a poor_a man_n as_o to_o the_o great_a potentate_n if_o of_o a_o grave_a austere_a way_n which_o be_v that_o which_o they_o choose_v he_o shall_v carry_v that_o on_o through_o the_o worst_a event_n and_o nothing_o be_v able_a to_o alter_v he_o the_o maintain_v either_o of_o these_o or_o any_o other_o particular_a character_n may_v be_v call_v the_o follow_v of_o one_o own_o nature_n but_o though_o man_n may_v choose_v different_a way_n of_o behaviour_n according_a to_o their_o fancy_n or_o constitution_n yet_o this_o must_v still_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o former_a universal_a maxim_n the_o live_a according_a to_o nature_n as_o humane_a and_o reasonable_a otherwise_o the_o character_n whatever_o it_o be_v will_v be_v vicious_a and_o then_o it_o will_v be_v so_o much_o the_o worse_a to_o maintain_v it_o and_o equal_o absurd_a whether_o a_o man_n be_v always_o affable_o or_o surlily_n the_o same_o if_o always_o in_o the_o wrong_n so_o that_o this_o regard_v only_o the_o outside_n the_o dress_n of_o virtue_n the_o particular_a fashion_n which_o she_o be_v to_o appear_v in_o let_v man_n be_v sure_a of_o her_o first_o by_o follow_v nature_n as_o humane_a in_o general_n and_o then_o they_o may_v give_v she_o what_o appearance_n they_o please_v by_o follow_v their_o own_o nature_n this_o will_v be_v further_o explain_v in_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o next_o part_n of_o the_o objection_n abovementioned_a 11â—…_n abovementioned_a see_v more_o to_o this_o purpose_n chap._n 11â—…_n 3._o by_o follow_v once_o own_o nature_n some_o will_v have_v mean_v the_o follow_v a_o particular_a opinion_n or_o humour_n the_o indulge_v that_o particular_a appetite_n or_o passion_n which_o by_o education_n example_n or_o constitution_n have_v get_v the_o ascendant_n which_o bring_v i_o to_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o objection_n to_o follow_v nature_n be_v to_o seek_v to_o be_v happy_a happiness_n consist_v in_o obtain_v that_o which_o seem_v good_a to_o i_o and_o avoid_v that_o which_o seem_v evil_a i_o and_o no_o other_o must_v be_v the_o judge_n of_o this_o wherefore_o if_o life_n become_v a_o evil_a and_o death_n a_o good_a to_o i_o by_o the_o want_n of_o any_o thing_n in_o which_o i_o place_v my_o happiness_n or_o by_o the_o suffer_a any_o thing_n in_o which_o i_o place_v my_o misery_n i_o do_v but_o follow_v nature_n in_o kill_v myself_o and_o the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n be_v not_o transgress_v by_o my_o do_v so_o but_o cease_v natural_o this_o be_v propose_v to_o be_v answer_v by_o show_v these_o two_o thing_n 1._o in_o what_o happiness_n or_o misery_n good_a or_o evil_a as_o to_o humane_a life_n do_v real_o consist_v 2._o the_o unreasonableness_n of_o every_o man_n be_v be_v leave_v to_o himself_o to_o follow_v what_o seem_v good_a or_o evil_a to_o he_o and_o to_o dispose_v of_o life_n according_o as_o to_o the_o first_o happiness_n true_o consâ—…s_v in_o the_o observe_v the_o end_n of_o life_n which_o have_v be_v so_o often_o mention_v as_o this_o be_v 17._o be_v see_v chap._n 2._o p._n 17._o do_v more_o or_o less_o man_n be_v proportionable_o happy_a as_o it_o be_v omit_v proportionable_o miserable_a but_o in_o the_o common_a acceptation_n of_o the_o word_n happiness_n signify_v the_o enjoyment_n of_o a_o man_n desire_n whatever_o they_o be_v and_o for_o any_o one_o to_o say_v that_o he_o can_v be_v happy_a without_o such_o or_o such_o a_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o in_o his_o power_n and_o that_o the_o good_a or_o evil_a of_o his_o whole_a life_n depend_v upon_o it_o signify_v nothing_o but_o the_o vehemence_n of_o that_o man_n desire_n not_o that_o there_o be_v any_o real_a happiness_n in_o obtain_v it_o or_o misery_n in_o sail_v of_o it_o it_o prove_v most_o common_o quite_o contrary_a that_o the_o more_o a_o man_n enjoy_v what_o he_o vehement_o desire_v the_o more_o miserable_a he_o be_v afterward_o and_o then_o 24._o then_o ridiculum_fw-la est_fw-la ad_fw-la mortem_fw-la cuâ—…re_fw-la tadio_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la cum_fw-la â—…nere_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la â—…t_fw-la â—…lum_fw-la ciâ—…_n ad_fw-la morâ—…_n effeceris_fw-la sen._n â—…pilt_v 24._o forsooth_o life_n seem_v a_o evil_a to_o he_o and_o amid_o the_o discontent_n and_o vexation_n which_o come_v upon_o he_o at_o the_o sense_n of_o his_o folly_n and_o the_o just_a reproof_n of_o his_o reason_n he_o tell_v you_o very_o philosophical_o that_o he_o do_v but_o follow_v nature_n in_o deliver_v himself_o from_o what_o be_v evil_a when_o he_o have_v be_v act_v against_o nature_n against_o good_a sense_n for_o that_o be_v humane_a nature_n all_o the_o while_n and_o when_o he_o have_v do_v so_o instead_o of_o recover_v the_o way_n which_o he_o have_v lose_v and_o begin_v true_o to_o follow_v nature_n he_o desert_n it_o whole_o and_o irrecoverable_o and_o offer_v the_o great_a and_o most_o positive_a violence_n to_o it_o by_o self-murder_n but_o the_o mistake_v concern_v happiness_n or_o misery_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o mistake_v concern_v good_a and_o evil_a and_o therefore_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o take_v a_o short_a view_n of_o they_o as_o humane_a life_n consist_v of_o two_o part_n the_o soul_n and_o body_n so_o what_o be_v good_a must_v be_v consider_v in_o a_o twofold_a manner_n as_o it_o relate_v to_o the_o soul_n or_o to_o the_o body_n 1._o as_o it_o relate_v to_o the_o soul_n the_o regulate_a and_o improve_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o we_o suppose_v to_o be_v the_o end_n of_o humane_a life_n this_o be_v usual_o call_v moral_a good_a and_o the_o contrary_a moral_a evil._n or_o else_o two_o as_o it_o relate_v to_o the_o body_n the_o health_n or_o the_o preservation_n of_o it_o for_o which_o end_v the_o several_a way_n of_o perception_n common_o call_v sense_n be_v ordain_v by_o which_o notice_n be_v give_v to_o reason_n what_o be_v most_o proper_a to_o maintain_v this_o union_n and_o preserve_v life_n or_o what_o be_v most_o likely_a to_o destroy_v it_o this_o be_v common_o call_v sensitive_a good_a and_o the_o contrary_a sensitive_a evil._n to_o bring_v this_o to_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n suppose_v that_o good_a true_a or_o seem_v be_v a_o proper_a rule_n and_o end_v of_o humane_a action_n there_o be_v but_o two_o sort_n of_o good_a as_o have_v be_v show_v moral_a or_o sensitive_a but_o through_o which_o of_o these_o be_v it_o that_o self-murder_n can_v appear_v lawful_a if_o moral_a good_a tend_v not_o only_o to_o the_o improvement_n of_o the_o mind_n but_o also_o to_o the_o prolong_n of_o
give_v he_o leave_n to_o destroy_v himself_o for_o the_o reason_n follow_v 1._o though_o these_o great_a evil_n be_v cause_v by_o god_n particular_a providence_n yet_o they_o come_v upon_o the_o party_n in_o a_o natural_a way_n they_o may_v have_v their_o cause_n assign_v by_o skilful_a man_n without_o any_o recourse_n to_o miraculous_a power_n if_o so_o then_o since_o self-murder_n have_v be_v prove_v to_o be_v natural_o unlawful_a no_o event_n which_o be_v natural_a can_v be_v a_o sufficient_a sign_n to_o assure_v any_o person_n that_o god_n give_v he_o leave_v to_o do_v that_o which_o be_v against_o nature_n 69._o nature_n see_v chap._n 6._o p._n 69._o 2._o pain_n can_v be_v no_o certain_a sign_n of_o god_n give_v man_n leave_v to_o kill_v themselves_o because_o there_o can_v be_v no_o degree_n of_o it_o fix_v no_o particular_a time_n settle_v when_o they_o can_v judge_v assure_o that_o it_o be_v so_o and_o therefore_o people_n must_v be_v leave_v to_o their_o own_o fancy_n to_o destroy_v themselves_o when_o they_o think_v fit_v according_a as_o they_o be_v lead_v by_o their_o cowardice_n or_o their_o discontent_n pain_n as_o i_o say_v before_o be_v most_o acute_a at_o first_o when_o the_o disease_n struggle_v with_o nature_n in_o its_o strength_n and_o before_o it_o have_v actual_o overcome_v it_o the_o sensation_n of_o it_o grow_v less_o and_o less_o as_o the_o part_n affect_v be_v weaken_v and_o it_o become_v incurable_a when_o then_o can_v a_o man_n suppose_v that_o god_n give_v he_o leave_v to_o kill_v himself_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o pain_n when_o it_o be_v most_o violent_a but_o then_o it_o be_v curable_a when_o it_o become_v incurable_a as_o the_o stoic_n teach_v but_o then_o a_o man_n be_v pass_v the_o worst_a of_o it_o and_o natural_a death_n draw_v near_a and_o near_o beside_o people_n feel_v pain_n different_o according_a to_o their_o different_a humour_n or_o disposition_n of_o mind_n the_o same_o man_n will_v sometime_o bear_v much_o more_o when_o he_o have_v be_v please_v and_o his_o affair_n go_v on_o well_o in_o other_o respect_n than_o when_o he_o be_v cross_v by_o accident_n and_o disappointment_n therefore_o to_o make_v pain_n the_o sign_n of_o god_n give_v a_o man_n liberty_n to_o kill_v himself_o and_o to_o leave_v every_o one_o to_o judge_v when_o it_o be_v so_o be_v to_o leave_v mankind_n to_o their_o own_o fancy_n and_o than_o one_o may_v destroy_v himself_o as_o well_o for_o a_o small_a fit_a of_o the_o toothache_n as_o another_o for_o the_o most_o violent_a fit_n of_o the_o stone_n add_v to_o this_o how_o many_o other_o have_v be_v in_o the_o very_a same_o circumstance_n of_o pain_n as_o you_o be_v you_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o some_o of_o they_o have_v be_v as_o wise_a as_o learned_a as_o yourself_o and_o as_o desirous_a to_o die_v too_o and_o yet_o they_o have_v not_o kill_v themselves_o they_o have_v not_o take_v extreme_a pain_n to_o be_v any_o sign_n of_o god_n give_v leave_n to_o do_v so_o and_o therefore_o how_o can_v you_o be_v ever_o satisfy_v that_o this_o be_v such_o a_o sign_n to_o you_o which_o they_o can_v never_o understand_v to_o be_v so_o to_o they_o 68_o they_o chap._n 6._o p._n 68_o but_o to_o give_v far_a scope_n in_o this_o matter_n suppose_v that_o extreme_a pain_n shall_v not_o be_v only_o cause_v by_o god_n particular_a providence_n but_o also_o in_o a_o miraculous_a and_o preâ—…ernatural_a manner_n yet_o this_o will_v not_o be_v any_o sign_n that_o god_n give_v the_o sufferer_n any_o leave_n to_o destroy_v himself_o because_o 1._o this_o will_v imply_v a_o contradiction_n in_o god_n act_v it_o will_v suppose_v he_o to_o will_n and_o to_o will_v not_o the_o very_a same_o thing_n at_o the_o very_a same_o time_n it_o have_v be_v already_o show_v 7._o show_v chap._n 1._o p._n 7._o that_o the_o continuation_n of_o life_n be_v as_o much_o owe_v to_o god_n as_o the_o begin_n of_o it_o if_o this_o be_v so_o then_o as_o long_o as_o a_o man_n live_v let_v it_o be_v in_o extreme_a pain_n natural_a or_o miraculous_a or_o in_o what_o ill_a condition_n soever_o so_o long_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o it_o 61._o it_o chap._n 6._o p._n 61._o be_v god_n will_n that_o he_o shall_v live_v if_o it_o be_v not_o that_o which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o pain_n will_v put_v a_o end_n to_o his_o life_n the_o first_o moment_n it_o come_v upon_o he_o how_o then_o can_v it_o appear_v from_o any_o circumstance_n of_o life_n though_o never_o so_o dreadful_a that_o god_n give_v a_o man_n liberty_n to_o destroy_v life_n this_o must_v be_v impossible_a because_o he_o alone_o continue_v that_o very_o same_o life_n without_o he_o it_o can_v not_o subsist_v one_o moment_n in_o pain_n any_o more_o than_o in_o ease_n and_o therefore_o since_o it_o do_v so_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o he_o will_v that_o the_o person_n shall_v live_v on_o not_o kill_v himself_o and_o a_o good_a man_n will_v be_v apt_a to_o reflect_v thus_o with_o himself_o in_o such_o circumstance_n as_o i_o at_o first_o be_v so_o i_o still_o be_o by_o the_o will_n of_o god_n alone_o he_o continue_v my_o life_n as_o true_o in_o this_o torment_n let_v it_o be_v natural_a or_o miraculous_a as_o he_o do_v heretofore_o if_o he_o will_v have_v i_o die_v i_o shall_v do_v so_o instant_o without_o any_o need_n of_o my_o own_o hand_n or_o of_o his_o manifest_v his_o will_n to_o give_v i_o leave_v but_o since_o i_o do_v not_o i_o find_v i_o have_v no_o such_o leave_n and_o therefore_o i_o will_v struggle_v on_o and_o whether_o in_o life_n or_o death_n conform_v myself_o the_o best_a i_o can_v to_o the_o will_n of_o god_n i_o may_v add_v far_o that_o extreme_a pain_n though_o bring_v upon_o a_o man_n by_o particular_a providence_n nay_o even_o by_o miracle_n can_v be_v any_o sign_n of_o such_o leave_n because_o by_o providence_n be_v mean_v the_o wise_a and_o regular_a course_n of_o god_n work_v and_o consequent_o suppose_v he_o to_o work_v always_o for_o some_o end_n that_o his_o work_n in_o this_o manner_n by_o extreme_a pain_n &c._n &c._n can_v be_v to_o this_o end_n only_o that_o man_n shall_v destroy_v himself_o as_o by_o the_o last_o argument_n appear_v that_o there_o be_v other_o important_a end_n of_o such_o event_n namely_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o wicked_a the_o improvement_n of_o the_o good_a and_o the_o example_n necessary_a to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o world_n of_o god_n justice_n on_o the_o one_o side_n of_o patience_n constancy_n humility_n etc._n etc._n on_o the_o other_o that_o whatever_o the_o end_n of_o god_n providence_n be_v in_o this_o case_n whether_o any_o of_o these_o or_o any_o other_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o very_a end_n be_v defeat_v by_o destroy_v one_o self_n and_o therefore_o we_o can_v suppose_v that_o extreme_a pain_n can_v be_v any_o sign_n of_o leave_n for_o so_o do_v but_o what_o have_v be_v say_v may_v suffice_v to_o show_v the_o unreasonableness_n of_o this_o pretend_a rule_n for_o self-murder_n viz._n when_o god_n be_v please_v to_o reduce_v we_o to_o such_o a_o condition_n that_o to_o live_v be_v far_o worse_a than_o to_o die_v and_o whereas_o it_o be_v say_v slight_o that_o god_n give_v a_o man_n leave_v enough_o this_o show_v their_o mistrust_n of_o what_o they_o say_v and_o that_o they_o be_v conscious_a that_o no_o such_o leave_n can_v be_v prove_v for_o what_o leave_n can_v be_v enough_o in_o this_o case_n let_v any_o one_o that_o be_v thus_o tempt_v consider_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o fact_n in_o question_n and_o the_o importance_n of_o it_o that_o without_o this_o leave_n it_o be_v the_o destruction_n of_o god_n own_o propriety_n the_o rebel_n against_o his_o providence_n the_o positive_a renounce_v that_o end_n sore_o which_o life_n be_v give_v the_o commit_v that_o which_o be_v destrucâ—…iâ—…e_v to_o civil_a government_n to_o humane_a nature_n and_o withal_o that_o a_o mistake_n in_o this_o case_n can_v never_o be_v recover_v let_v he_o consider_v this_o i_o say_v and_o what_o he_o have_v just_a now_o read_v and_o then_o perhaps_o he_o will_v own_o that_o no_o leave_n can_v be_v enough_o but_o what_o be_v give_v by_o direct_a and_o evident_a revelation_n it_o be_v true_a after_o all_o extreme_a pain_n be_v the_o most_o dreadful_a condition_n of_o humane_a life_n and_o the_o severe_a trial_n of_o a_o good_a and_o great_a mind_n it_o be_v true_a it_o may_v be_v so_o excessive_a that_o all_o reason_v of_o this_o kind_n may_v be_v to_o no_o purpose_n and_o argument_n concern_v god_n propriety_n or_o the_o end_n of_o humane_a life_n or_o civil_a society_n can_v be_v much_o attend_v to_o in_o a_o violent_a sit_v of_o the_o colic_n or_o the_o stone_n when_o reason_n itself_o shall_v be_v often_o overcome_v
the_o end_n of_o humane_a life_n must_v be_v something_o which_o it_o be_v in_o every_o man_n power_n to_o perform_v otherwise_o this_o will_v detract_v both_o from_o the_o goodness_n and_o wisdom_n of_o god_n and_o therefore_o it_o can_v depend_v upon_o any_o thing_n without_o we_o as_o wealth_n honour_n or_o the_o pleasure_n of_o sensation_n or_o the_o obtain_n whatever_o 7._o whatever_o see_v chap._n 7._o seem_v good_a to_o any_o one_o or_o avoid_v whatever_o seem_v evil_a to_o he_o for_o none_o of_o these_o thing_n be_v at_o the_o absolute_a command_n or_o disposal_n of_o man_n wherefore_o that_o which_o be_v the_o universal_a end_n of_o every_o man_n life_n must_v be_v something_o which_o depend_v only_o upon_o every_o man_n self_n and_o which_o no_o event_n or_o outward_a circumstance_n can_v hinder_v he_o from_o observe_v if_o he_o will_n iii_o the_o end_n of_o life_n must_v be_v answerable_a to_o that_o degree_n of_o capacity_n which_o the_o creature_n have_v in_o respect_n of_o other_o creature_n life_n be_v common_a to_o beast_n as_o well_o as_o man_n the_o end_n of_o their_o be_v be_v to_o live_v because_o by_o the_o faculty_n which_o they_o be_v endow_v withal_o they_o be_v capable_a of_o no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v proper_a for_o the_o promote_a of_o this_o but_o man_n be_v capable_a of_o more_o because_o endow_v with_o noble_a faculty_n and_o therefore_o must_v have_v a_o noble_a end_n than_o they_o and_o consequent_o a_o great_a degree_n of_o happiness_n these_o thing_n be_v grant_v the_o best_a way_n to_o discover_v the_o true_a end_n of_o man_n life_n will_v be_v to_o consider_v humane_a nature_n attentive_o according_a to_o that_o rank_n which_o it_o bear_v in_o universal_a nature_n to_o this_o purpose_n it_o may_v be_v of_o some_o use_v to_o examine_v what_o may_v be_v the_o true_a meaning_n of_o that_o maxim_n which_o be_v in_o so_o much_o credit_n among_o the_o ancient_a greek_n and_o roman_n viz._n the_o follow_a nature_n the_o word_n nature_n be_v sometime_o a_o very_a general_a term_n and_o then_o signify_v that_o course_n which_o the_o great_a creator_n do_v put_v the_o whole_a world_n to_o act_v in_o sometime_o in_o a_o more_o limit_a sense_n it_o signify_v that_o rule_n which_o he_o give_v to_o each_o creature_n to_o act_v by_o for_o the_o fulfil_n of_o that_o particular_a end_n for_o which_o it_o be_v make_v in_o proper_a harmony_n and_o consent_n with_o the_o universe_n thus_o not_o only_a beast_n but_o plant_n even_o stone_n and_o mineral_n and_o every_o element_n may_v be_v say_v to_o follow_v nature_n yet_o since_o there_o be_v different_a faculty_n appropriate_v to_o each_o of_o these_o by_o which_o they_o excel_v each_o other_o according_o and_o as_o beast_n excel_v plant_n by_o sensation_n so_o man_n excel_v they_o by_o reason_n the_o true_a sense_n of_o the_o follow_a nature_n and_o the_o true_a end_n of_o all_o create_a being_n be_v the_o work_a according_a to_o the_o utmost_a of_o their_o capacity_n or_o according_a to_o that_o superior_a faculty_n or_o power_n wherewith_o they_o be_v endow_v and_o by_o which_o they_o be_v distinguish_v from_o one_o another_o to_o bring_v this_o particular_o to_o man_n the_o utmost_a capacity_n of_o beast_n depend_v upon_o the_o faculty_n or_o power_n of_o sensation_n the_o utmost_a capacity_n of_o man_n depend_v upon_o the_o power_n of_o a_o rational_a soul_n now_o beast_n act_v by_o necessity_n they_o follow_v direct_o wherever_o sense_n do_v lead_v but_o man_n be_v a_o voluntary_a agent_n able_a to_o discover_v of_o himself_o what_o be_v his_o duty_n and_o to_o follow_v this_o of_o choice_n not_o of_o necessity_n wherefore_o there_o must_v be_v two_o principal_a fountain_n of_o man_n action_n namely_o knowledge_n and_o freewill_n again_o we_o must_v distinguish_v concern_v knowledge_n for_o this_o be_v of_o various_a kind_n according_a as_o its_o object_n be_v that_o which_o be_v concern_v in_o the_o present_a question_n be_v the_o knowledge_n of_o those_o rule_n and_o law_n by_o which_o our_o action_n ought_v to_o be_v guide_v the_o knowledge_n of_o our_o duty_n as_o usual_o divide_v according_a to_o its_o three_o chief_a object_n god_n our_o neighbour_n and_o ourselves_o this_o knowledge_n so_o much_o of_o reason_n as_o this_o imply_v be_v easy_a to_o be_v attain_v unto_o by_o the_o mean_a capacity_n for_o though_o there_o be_v three_o object_n about_o which_o humane_a action_n be_v chief_o concern_v yet_o this_o variety_n do_v not_o hinder_v the_o clearness_n of_o man_n knowledge_n as_o to_o the_o fundamental_o of_o his_o duty_n towards_o each_o particular_a object_n for_o instance_n who_o can_v be_v ignorant_a or_o who_o must_v not_o consent_v immediate_o that_o the_o supreme_a be_v to_o who_o we_o owe_v life_n and_o all_o thing_n aught_o to_o be_v honour_v or_o that_o we_o ought_v to_o do_v by_o other_o as_o we_o will_v be_v do_v by_o ourselves_o or_o that_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o injure_v our_o health_n or_o act_v against_o our_o knowledge_n or_o do_v any_o thing_n to_o impair_v much_o less_o to_o destroy_v those_o faculty_n by_o which_o we_o excel_v other_o creature_n these_o be_v truth_n which_o be_v so_o plain_a and_o self-evident_a that_o the_o very_a mention_n of_o they_o be_v demonstration_n and_o therefore_o no_o man_n can_v plead_v ignorance_n in_o this_o case_n or_o that_o his_o own_o reason_n tell_v he_o otherwise_o this_o then_o be_v the_o first_o fountain_n of_o humane_a action_n knowledge_n of_o duty_n and_o such_o knowledge_n be_v to_o be_v attain_v unto_o by_o reason_n alone_o and_o yet_o to_o be_v attain_v easy_o by_o every_o man_n reason_n such_o knowledge_n be_v the_o perfection_n of_o that_o noble_a faculty_n i_o desire_v leave_n to_o distinguish_v it_o in_o the_o follow_a discourse_n when_o i_o mention_v the_o end_n of_o life_n by_o the_o word_n reason_n but_o yet_o the_o easiness_n of_o this_o knowledge_n will_v signify_v nothing_o unto_o man_n unless_o the_o will_n do_v put_v it_o in_o execution_n it_o must_v be_v ready_o apply_v and_o reduce_v to_o action_n or_o else_o our_o duty_n will_v remain_v unperformed_a thus_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a for_o a_o man_n to_o know_v that_o god_n must_v be_v honour_v that_o his_o neighbour_n be_v to_o be_v use_v as_o himself_o or_o that_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v himself_o no_o injury_n unless_o this_o be_v put_v in_o practice_n by_o his_o be_v pious_a just_a patient_a temperate_a etc._n etc._n wherefore_o the_o compliance_n of_o the_o will_n with_o that_o which_o it_o know_v to_o be_v its_o duty_n be_v the_o chief_a thing_n to_o be_v take_v care_n of_o the_o vice_n of_o man_n come_v not_o so_o much_o from_o want_n of_o knowledge_n or_o reason_n in_o this_o case_n as_o from_o want_n of_o such_o compliance_n and_o the_o true_a notion_n of_o a_o weak_a man_n be_v not_o so_o much_o from_o his_o be_v ignorant_a of_o his_o duty_n as_o from_o his_o not_o do_v what_o he_o know_v to_o be_v so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o which_o make_v a_o good_a man_n be_v not_o greatness_n of_o knowledge_n but_o the_o bend_n of_o his_o will_n vigorous_o in_o all_o circumstance_n whatsoever_o to_o the_o do_v what_o he_o know_v be_v his_o duty_n and_o therefore_o the_o do_v so_o be_v that_o which_o have_v obtain_v the_o venerable_a name_n of_o virtve_n for_o virtue_n be_v the_o force_n and_o vigour_n of_o the_o freewill_n through_o which_o the_o soul_n comply_v cheerful_o and_o glad_o with_o what_o it_o know_v to_o be_v duty_n which_o force_n or_o vigour_n take_v different_a name_n according_a to_o its_o different_a object_n abovementioned_a and_o be_v call_v piety_n justice_n beneficence_n constancy_n temperance_n etc._n etc._n if_o this_o be_v allow_v it_o will_v not_o be_v difficult_a to_o show_v wherein_o man_n true_a happiness_n consist_v for_o this_o be_v the_o natural_a result_n of_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o be_v that_o rest_n or_o ease_n which_o the_o soul_n enjoy_v after_o it_o have_v move_v regular_o and_o vigorous_o in_o the_o do_n of_o its_o duty_n it_o be_v the_o sweet_a fruition_n which_o it_o be_v blessed_v withal_o upon_o the_o just_a sense_n of_o the_o proper_a use_n of_o its_o free_a will_n and_o its_o have_v faithful_o discharge_v the_o end_n for_o which_o it_o be_v make_v which_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o do_v otherwise_o than_o by_o reason_n show_v what_o be_v duty_n and_o free_v will_v his_o obey_v according_o i_o conclude_v that_o the_o true_a end_n or_o design_n of_o humane_a life_n be_v the_o follow_v of_o reason_n by_o virtue_n i_o will_v not_o contend_v but_o that_o the_o follow_v of_o reason_n mâ—…ght_v possible_o signify_v as_o much_o as_o the_o follow_v of_o reason_n by_o virtue_n because_o the_o word_n follow_v seem_v to_o imply_v a_o act_n of_o freewill_n and_o if_o this_o be_v
be_v no_o injury_n commit_v unless_o against_o propriety_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o state_n have_v no_o propriety_n of_o man_n life_n it_o can_v be_v no_o injury_n to_o it_o for_o a_o man_n to_o destroy_v his_o life_n this_o be_v not_o so_o it_o be_v injurious_a to_o hinder_v or_o prevent_v the_o use_n of_o a_o thing_n as_o well_o as_o to_o destroy_v the_o propriety_n of_o it_o the_o state_n have_v the_o use_n of_o each_o man_n life_n the_o perform_v the_o end_n for_o which_o life_n be_v give_v to_o every_o man_n be_v of_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o public_a and_o to_o hinder_v it_o of_o this_o advantage_n or_o of_o this_o use_n to_o deprive_v it_o of_o it_o for_o ever_o be_v a_o injury_n to_o it_o or_o else_o 2._o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o public_a have_v a_o propriety_n of_o each_o man_n life_n that_o in_o right_a of_o this_o it_o may_v give_v leave_n to_o any_o person_n to_o kill_v himself_o and_o then_o the_o do_v so_o can_v be_v injurious_a to_o it_o but_o this_o be_v also_o a_o mistake_n for_o the_o public_a have_v no_o propriety_n of_o any_o particular_a innocent_a man_n life_n no_o lawful_a power_n over_o it_o unless_o it_o be_v to_o descend_v it_o therefore_o for_o the_o public_a to_o give_v any_o man_n licence_n to_o destroy_v himself_o will_v be_v to_o usurp_v god_n power_n to_o grant_v more_o than_o it_o have_v itself_o 8._o itself_o see_v more_o to_o this_o purpose_n chap._n 8._o and_o also_o to_o contradict_v the_o very_a end_n for_o which_o it_o have_v any_o power_n at_o all_o the_o great_a design_n of_o all_o society_n namely_o the_o security_n and_o preservation_n of_o each_o particular_a man_n life_n there_o be_v another_o argument_n that_o i_o have_v 〈◊〉_d see_v to_o this_o purpose_n i_o 〈◊〉_d that_o have_v power_n over_o his_o own_o liberty_n have_v power_n over_o his_o own_o life_n a_o man_n have_v power_n to_o sell_v himself_o for_o a_o slave_n 1._o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n between_o liberty_n and_o life_n therefore_o it_o do_v not_o sollow_v that_o be_v a_o man_n have_v power_n over_o the_o one_o he_o have_v the_o same_o over_o the_o other_o liberty_n be_v but_o a_o condition_n of_o life_n a_o very_a desirable_a one_o indeed_o yet_o not_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o life_n itself_o because_o the_o end_n for_o which_o life_n be_v give_v may_v be_v pursue_v amid_o the_o great_a â—…ry_n and_o no_o liberty_n of_o the_o body_n can_v be_v of_o equal_a value_n with_o the_o noble_a and_o unbounded_a liberty_n of_o the_o mind_n 4._o *_o apud_fw-la balth._n gomes_n de_fw-fr potest_fw-la in_o â—…ipsum_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 4._o 2._o no_o man_n can_v part_v voluntary_o with_o his_o liberty_n unless_o for_o want_n of_o sustenance_n in_o extreme_a necessity_n that_o be_v in_o order_n to_o preserve_v life_n and_o then_o this_o be_v rather_o a_o duty_n than_o a_o privilege_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o do_v so_o to_o preserve_v life_n even_o at_o the_o pain_n the_o shame_n the_o misery_n of_o servitude_n and_o if_o so_o how_o can_v it_o be_v ever_o reasonable_o conclude_v that_o because_o a_o man_n must_v part_v with_o his_o liberty_n to_o preserve_v his_o life_n therefore_o he_o have_v a_o right_a to_o throw_v that_o life_n away_o another_o argument_n perhaps_o may_v be_v raise_v from_o the_o celebrate_a story_n of_o the_o two_o generous_a friend_n damon_n and_o pythias_n to_o this_o purpose_n no_o man_n can_v lawful_o give_v the_o security_n of_o his_o own_o life_n for_o another_o man_n appearance_n at_o a_o certain_a day_n unless_o he_o have_v a_o full_a propriety_n of_o his_o life_n one_o of_o the_o two_o abovementioned_a give_v this_o security_n for_o the_o other_o and_o this_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v approve_v of_o in_o ancient_a time_n as_o the_o most_o learned_a 11._o learned_a de_fw-fr jure_fw-la b._n &_o p._n l_o 2._o c._n 21._o sect._n 11._o grotius_n observe_v but_o then_o it_o be_v absolute_o condemn_v afterward_o by_o he_o for_o though_o this_o security_n may_v have_v be_v accept_v in_o a_o few_o place_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o so_o long_o noâ—…_n be_v any_o where_o at_o this_o day_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n because_o it_o can_v not_o be_v lawful_o give_v nor_o reasonable_o take_v when_o forfeit_v nor_o can_v any_o rule_n of_o strict_a friendship_n require_v a_o man_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n to_o die_v positive_o for_o his_o friend_n this_o i_o mention_v the_o rather_o because_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o reason_n the_o zenon_n the_o vid._n diog._n lacrt._n in_o zenon_n stoic_n assign_v for_o the_o lawsulness_n of_o self-murder_n hazard_v his_o life_n he_o may_v in_o some_o case_n for_o he_o as_o other_o thing_n may_v be_v hazard_v of_o which_o we_o have_v the_o use_v only_o but_o destroy_v it_o positive_o he_o can_v because_o he_o have_v no_o absolute_a propriety_n of_o it_o last_o it_o be_v say_v 3._o say_v montaigne_n lib._n 2._o chap._n 3._o as_o i_o do_v not_o offend_v the_o law_n provide_v against_o thief_n when_o i_o embezel_n my_o own_o money_n and_o cut_v my_o own_o purse_n nor_o that_o against_o incendiary_n if_o i_o burn_v my_o own_o wood_n so_o be_o not_o i_o under_o the_o lash_n of_o those_o make_v against_o murderer_n for_o have_v deprive_v myself_o of_o my_o own_o life_n not_o to_o insist_v that_o such_o action_n as_o these_o be_v sign_n of_o folly_n or_o madness_n and_o therefore_o that_o such_o person_n estate_n may_v be_v beg_v or_o that_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v withhold_v by_o force_n from_o do_v thus_o no_o man_n can_v possess_v his_o life_n in_o such_o a_o fullness_n of_o propriety_n as_o he_o may_v his_o estate_n as_o have_v be_v show_v 1._o show_v chap._n 1._o above_o the_o absolute_a propriety_n of_o humane_a life_n be_v in_o god_n and_o this_o propriety_n be_v as_o much_o injure_v by_o a_o man_n destroy_v his_o own_o life_n as_o another_o person_n man_z as_o to_o his_o life_n be_v only_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o vsufructuary_n who_o have_v no_o lawful_a power_n to_o impair_v the_o estate_n he_o possess_v much_o less_o to_o alienate_v or_o destroy_v it_o and_o this_o be_v one_o reason_n why_o all_o intemperance_n either_o of_o passion_n or_o appetite_n be_v unlawful_a because_o this_o impair_v the_o faculty_n of_o the_o mind_n or_o body_n this_o be_v commit_v waste_n upon_o the_o estate_n how_o much_o more_o than_o must_v it_o be_v unlawful_a to_o destroy_v it_o whole_o and_o irrecoverable_o by_o self-murder_n i_o can_v call_v to_o mind_v any_o other_o argument_n which_o have_v be_v bring_v direct_o against_o god_n have_v the_o propriety_n or_o absolute_a dominion_n of_o humane_a life_n it_o be_v more_o usual_a to_o allow_v it_o to_o be_v so_o in_o a_o general_a way_n and_o then_o run_v to_o distinction_n pretend_v that_o god_n himself_o do_v dispense_v with_o this_o right_n that_o he_o often_o dismiss_v people_n from_o their_o attendance_n upon_o life_n and_o summons_n and_o call_v they_o to_o he_o in_o which_o case_n say_v they_o self-murder_n be_v not_o only_o permit_v but_o require_v must_v be_v lawful_a this_o the_o stoic_n signify_v by_o their_o saepiss_v their_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n diog._n in_o laert._n zen._n see_v plotinus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d arian_n in_o epict_n saepiss_v reasonable_a exit_fw-la the_o door_n be_v open_a and_o their_o encourage_v people_n to_o walk_v out_o kill_v themselves_o according_o the_o same_o distinction_n the_o author_n of_o biathanatos_n make_v use_v of_o as_o to_o dispensation_n that_o learned_a gentleman_n ground_n it_o upon_o this_o 48._o this_o p._n 48._o that_o no_o law_n can_v be_v square_v for_o all_o event_n the_v say_v he_o which_o universal_o consider_v may_v be_v in_o itself_o profitable_a or_o honest_a may_v by_o reason_n of_o some_o event_n become_v dishonest_a or_o hurtful_a neither_o of_o which_o can_v fault_n within_o the_o reach_n or_o under_o the_o command_n of_o any_o law_n in_o which_o case_n a_o man_n may_v be_v the_o bishop_n or_o magistrate_n to_o himself_o without_o a_o express_a dispensation_n from_o god_n 108._o god_n biath_n p._n 108._o when_o i_o may_v just_o part_v with_o life_n it_o be_v by_o summons_n from_o god_n and_o can_v then_o be_v impute_v to_o any_o corruption_n of_o my_o will_n velle_fw-la non_fw-la creditur_fw-la qui_fw-la obsequitur_fw-la imperio_fw-la yet_o i_o expect_v not_o a_o particular_a inspiration_n or_o new_a commission_n etc._n etc._n to_o 3._o to_o jos._n the_o bell_n jud._n lib._n 3._o josephus_n argument_n the_o same_o with_o plato_n â—â—_o plato_n chap._n 2._o p._n â—â—_o above_n mention_v that_o a_o servant_n which_o run_v from_o his_o master_n though_o never_o so_o severe_a be_v punish_v by_o law_n how_o much_o more_o if_o by_o self-murder_n he_o run_v away_o from_o so_o indulgent_a a_o
master_n as_o god_n he_o reply_v 110._o reply_v p._n 110._o that_o the_o servant_n run_v not_o from_o his_o master_n but_o to_o he_o in_o this_o case_n and_o at_o his_o call_n obey_v his_o voice_n again_o 112._o again_o p._n 112._o this_o be_v not_o to_o usurp_v upon_o god_n authority_n or_o to_o deal_v with_o another_o servant_n if_o i_o become_v his_o servant_n his_o delegate_n and_o his_o commissioner_n in_o do_v this_o when_o he_o can_v be_v no_o other_o way_n so_o much_o glorify_v 149._o glorify_v p._n 149._o if_o they_o say_v god_n concur_v to_o no_o evil_a we_o say_v nothing_o be_v so_o evil_a but_o that_o it_o become_v good_a if_o god_n command_v it_o and_o that_o this_o viz._n self-murder_n be_v not_o so_o natural_o evil_a that_o it_o require_v a_o special_a commission_n from_o god_n but_o as_o it_o become_v good_a if_o he_o command_v it_o so_o it_o become_v indifferent_a if_o he_o remove_v the_o reason_n with_o which_o the_o precept_n against_o it_o be_v condition_a there_o be_v one_o passage_n in_o cicero_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n quaest._n purpose_n libre_fw-la 1._o tuscul._n quaest._n cato_n go_v out_o of_o life_n as_o one_o that_o be_v glad_a of_o the_o opportunity_n for_o the_o god_n who_o rule_v within_o we_o forbid_v our_o departure_n hence_o without_o his_o command_n but_o when_o that_o god_n himself_o give_v just_a cause_n as_o he_o do_v to_o socrates_n cato_n and_o many_o other_o a_o wise_a man_n will_v certain_o be_v glad_a to_o depart_v out_o of_o this_o state_n of_o darkness_n into_o that_o of_o light_n not_o that_o he_o may_v break_v prison_n for_o that_o the_o law_n forbid_v but_o walk_v out_o of_o it_o be_v call_v and_o dismiss_v by_o god_n as_o by_o some_o lawful_a magistrate_n the_o sum_n of_o all_o which_o be_v to_o this_o purpose_n 1._o that_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o god_n have_v the_o absolute_a propriety_n of_o humane_a life_n in_o which_o regard_v indeed_o man_n can_v lawful_o destroy_v it_o yet_o if_o god_n dispense_v with_o this_o right_n of_o propriety_n and_o call_v or_o summon_v he_o out_o of_o life_n he_o may_v depart_v lawful_o viz._n by_o self-murder_n 2._o that_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o particular_a commission_n or_o extraordinary_a manifestation_n of_o god_n will_n to_o this_o purpose_n but_o only_o of_o his_o remove_v those_o reason_n upon_o which_o the_o obligation_n of_o preseve_a life_n be_v found_v this_o be_v that_o which_o the_o stoic_n scatter_v up_o and_o down_o their_o write_n to_o reconcile_v this_o act_n with_o submission_n to_o providence_n which_o they_o diligent_o maintain_v and_o which_o be_v collect_v and_o improve_v by_o our_o author_n in_o the_o several_a place_n above_o mention_v before_o i_o answer_v this_o particular_o i_o desire_v the_o reader_n will_v take_v notice_n 1._o that_o whatever_o be_v say_v in_o any_o of_o these_o place_n concern_v the_o remove_n the_o reason_n or_o the_o cease_n of_o that_o end_n for_o which_o life_n be_v give_v shall_v be_v debate_v more_o particular_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n and_o but_o just_a touch_v upon_o here_o as_o not_o be_v whole_o to_o be_v avoid_v 2._o as_o to_o what_o be_v insinuate_v here_o concern_v god_n glory_n though_o this_o do_v not_o fall_v under_o the_o present_a argument_n yet_o that_o this_o be_v always_o best_a promote_v by_o observe_v of_o his_o law_n that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o case_n imagine_v nor_o be_v there_o any_o pretend_a but_o only_o glance_v at_o by_o this_o author_n artificial_o in_o general_a term_n wherein_o a_o man_n can_v be_v irresistable_o force_v to_o forsake_v his_o reason_n and_o his_o virtue_n and_o so_o detract_v from_o god_n glory_n or_o where_o in_o it_o will_v not_o be_v more_o for_o his_o glory_n to_o suffer_v death_n from_o other_o than_o from_o himself_o but_o of_o this_o more_o perhaps_o hereafter_o this_o be_v premise_v i_o shall_v in_o answer_n to_o what_o be_v say_v above_o show_v these_o three_o thing_n i._o that_o according_a to_o the_o account_n which_o this_o learned_a gentleman_n give_v of_o dispensation_n and_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n there_o can_v be_v no_o need_n at_o any_o time_n of_o such_o dispensation_n for_o this_o law_n ii_o that_o in_o a_o case_n of_o this_o nature_n wherein_o propriety_n of_o the_o great_a importance_n be_v concern_v where_o a_o error_n can_v never_o be_v recover_v and_o where_o it_o be_v confess_v that_o there_o be_v a_o law_n to_o secure_v it_o no_o dispensation_n can_v be_v sufficient_a but_o what_o come_v from_o the_o proprietor_n the_o lawgiver_n himself_o and_o which_o must_v evident_o and_o undeniable_o appear_v that_o it_o do_v so_o by_o some_o plain_a and_o positive_a manifestation_n of_o his_o will._n iii_o that_o no_o such_o natural_a manifestation_n of_o god_n will_n be_v or_o can_v be_v assign_v whereby_o man_n may_v be_v full_o assure_v that_o he_o be_v dismiss_v call_v or_o summon_v by_o god_n from_o life_n as_o to_o the_o first_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o self-preservation_n be_v allow_v to_o be_v law_n of_o nature_n and_o yet_o affirm_v that_o it_o may_v be_v dispense_v withal_o upon_o this_o account_n †_o that_o a_o thing_n which_o be_v universal_o profitable_a or_o honest_a may_v by_o reason_n of_o some_o particular_a event_n become_v dishonest_a or_o hurtful_a and_o when_o it_o do_v so_o the_o reason_n or_o end_v which_o be_v the_o soul_n and_o form_n of_o the_o law_n cease_v this_o can_v never_o have_v place_n in_o any_o law_n of_o nature_n particular_o self-preservation_n ground_v upon_o god_n propriety_n and_o the_o end_n of_o humane_a life_n already_o mention_v because_o as_o there_o can_v be_v no_o time_n wherein_o it_o can_v be_v dishonest_a or_o hurtful_a if_o we_o mean_v moral_o so_o to_o avoid_v do_v wrong_a to_o god_n to_o the_o public_a and_o to_o ourselves_o so_o there_o can_v be_v no_o time_n wherein_o it_o can_v be_v destructive_a or_o hurtful_a in_o the_o sense_n aforesaid_a to_o follow_v reason_n by_o virtue_n there_o can_v be_v no_o event_n i_o say_v wherein_o it_o will_v not_o be_v a_o man_n duty_n and_o wherein_o it_o will_v not_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o act_v thus_o and_o therefore_o it_o can_v never_o be_v necessary_a that_o this_o law_n shall_v be_v dispense_v withal_o beside_o the_o word_n law_n be_v too_o general_a as_o use_v here_o the_o law_n which_o we_o be_v speak_v of_o be_v law_n of_o nature_n and_o confess_v to_o be_v so_o there_o may_v be_v dispensation_n from_o obedience_n to_o humane_a law_n which_o be_v limit_v to_o particular_a action_n and_o which_o through_o the_o weakness_n of_o humane_a prudence_n can_v be_v fit_v exact_o to_o all_o event_n but_o then_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o all_o such_o dispensation_n be_v supplemental_a rather_o than_o destructive_a to_o that_o law_n concern_v tend_v more_o effectual_o to_o the_o same_o end_n which_o that_o law_n do_v assist_v and_o promote_a it_o in_o a_o better_a manner_n which_o end_n be_v always_o the_o preservation_n of_o mankind_n of_o each_o particular_a person_n as_o far_o as_o be_v consistent_a with_o the_o whole_a and_o not_o the_o destruction_n of_o any_o one_o if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o very_a end_n of_o life_n which_o i_o have_v assign_v be_v inconsistent_a often_o with_o this_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n and_o destructive_a of_o god_n propriety_n it_o frequent_o happen_v that_o man_n endanger_v their_o life_n nay_o certain_o incur_v death_n the_o more_o strict_o and_o faithful_o that_o they_o follow_v reason_n by_o virtue_n and_o therefore_o that_o there_o must_v be_v some_o sort_n of_o dispensation_n as_o to_o the_o observe_v of_o this_o end_n 1._o to_o this_o i_o answer_v there_o be_v no_o neceâ—…ty_n of_o this_o that_o which_o i_o suppose_v to_o be_v the_o end_n of_o humane_a life_n be_v so_o excellent_o fuâ—…ed_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n that_o it_o not_o only_a promote_v his_o happiness_n his_o well-being_n but_o certain_o contribute_v to_o the_o prolong_v atâ—…on_n of_o his_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o follow_v of_o reason_n by_o virtue_n include_v the_o regulate_v of_o man_n passion_n and_o appetite_n make_v they_o temperate_a and_o peaceful_a just_a and_o bâ—…cent_a etc._n etc._n all_o which_o if_o due_o observe_v by_o any_o number_n of_o man_n will_v certain_o prolong_v life_n as_o well_o as_o happiness_n wherefore_o if_o life_n become_v in_o danger_n upon_o this_o account_n and_o good_a man_n suffer_v death_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o their_o virtue_n this_o be_v accidental_a not_o through_o any_o natural_a defect_n in_o that_o end_n of_o life_n or_o because_o it_o contradict_v self-preservation_n and_o be_v destructive_a to_o god_n right_a over_o it_o but_o through_o the_o fault_n of_o unreasonable_a man_n who_o will_v not_o act_v by_o the_o same_o rule_n but_o make_v
to_o preserve_v life_n if_o we_o consider_v self-preservation_n alone_o without_o the_o moral_a end_n of_o it_o this_o can_v be_v accomplish_v by_o attain_v that_o which_o conduce_v to_o any_o other_o end_n or_o seem_v good_a to_o man_n in_o any_o other_o respect_n than_o as_o it_o will_v preserve_v life_n wherefore_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o any_o honest_a man_n of_o very_o ordinary_a understanding_n to_o mistake_v to_o such_o a_o degree_n as_o to_o look_v upon_o self-murder_n as_o such_o a_o good_a because_o this_o imply_v a_o contradiction_n and_o will_v make_v that_o to_o be_v the_o end_n of_o a_o law_n which_o be_v the_o utter_a destruction_n of_o it_o for_o this_o will_v be_v to_o argue_v in_o this_o manner_n the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n be_v accomplish_v in_o attain_v that_o which_o seem_v good_a to_o we_o self-homicide_n i._n e._n self-destruction_n may_v seem_v good_a to_o i_o therefore_o the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n may_v be_v accomplish_v by_o my_o self-destruction_n 4._o these_o two_o word_n end_v and_o good_a be_v of_o too_o large_a and_o doubtful_a a_o signification_n that_o which_o conduce_v to_o our_o end_n and_o be_v good_a to_o we_o do_v not_o always_o accomplish_v the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n that_o which_o conduce_v to_o the_o true_a end_n of_o life_n the_o follow_v of_o reason_n by_o virtue_n accomplish_v indeed_o the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n because_o it_o not_o only_o improve_v the_o mind_n but_o prolong_v life_n and_o therefore_o be_v true_o good_a to_o we_o but_o there_o be_v many_o other_o end_v of_o humane_a action_n as_o many_o as_o we_o have_v passion_n and_o appetite_n which_o become_v not_o only_o unworthy_a of_o our_o reason_n but_o destructive_a of_o our_o life_n as_o well_o by_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o pursue_v they_o as_o the_o measure_n of_o our_o enjoy_v they_o and_o therefore_o what_o ever_o they_o seem_v whatever_o shape_n or_o beauty_n our_o passion_n give_v they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v good_a that_o they_o be_v direct_o certain_o evil_a and_o be_v so_o can_v never_o accomplish_v the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n these_o thing_n will_v appear_v more_o clear_a if_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o suppose_v the_o objection_n above_o mention_v to_o be_v make_v in_o these_o or_o the_o like_a word_n to_o follow_v nature_n have_v be_v allow_v to_o be_v the_o best_a rule_n of_o humane_a action_n by_o the_o wise_a man_n of_o all_o sect_n 1._o to_o follow_v nature_n be_v to_o seek_v to_o be_v happy_a 2._o my_o happiness_n consist_v in_o obtain_v that_o which_o seem_v good_a to_o i_o and_o avoid_v that_o seem_v evil_a 3._o i_o and_o no_o other_o be_o to_o be_v the_o judge_n in_o this_o case_n therefore_o if_o life_n by_o the_o want_n of_o any_o good_a in_o which_o i_o place_v my_o happiness_n become_v a_o evil_a and_o death_n seem_v good_a to_o i_o i_o do_v but_o follow_v nature_n in_o kill_v myself_o and_o the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n be_v not_o transgress_v but_o give_v place_n or_o cease_v natural_o for_o the_o answer_v of_o this_o argument_n clear_o i_o will_v make_v use_n of_o this_o method_n 1._o i_o will_v show_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o follow_v nature_n 2._o in_o what_o happiness_n or_o misery_n good_a or_o evil_a as_o to_o humane_a life_n do_v real_o consist_v 3._o the_o unreasonableness_n of_o every_o particular_a man_n be_v leave_v to_o himself_o to_o follow_v what_o seem_v good_a or_o evil_a to_o his_o private_a judgement_n and_o to_o dispose_v of_o life_n according_o 1._o what_o be_v mean_v by_o follow_v nature_n though_o some_o account_n of_o this_o maxim_n have_v be_v 2._o be_v chap._n 2._o already_o give_v yet_o be_v very_o much_o in_o request_n at_o present_a and_o the_o mistake_v concern_v it_o the_o occasion_n of_o other_o crime_n as_o well_o as_o this_o of_o self-murder_n it_o common_o happen_v that_o they_o who_o talk_v loud_a of_o nature_n and_o reason_n understand_v they_o least_o or_o act_v against_o they_o most_o it_o be_v requisite_a to_o say_v something_o far_o of_o it_o and_o if_o in_o so_o do_v i_o shall_v repeat_v any_o thing_n that_o i_o have_v say_v before_o let_v the_o reader_n think_v either_o that_o i_o will_v save_v he_o the_o trouble_n of_o turn_v back_o again_o or_o know_v not_o how_o to_o express_v myself_o better_a the_o word_n nature_n be_v sometime_o a_o very_a general_a term_n and_o signify_v that_o order_n which_o the_o great_a creator_n put_v the_o whole_a world_n to_o move_v in_o sometime_o in_o a_o more_o limit_v sense_n it_o signify_v that_o rule_n which_o he_o give_v each_o creature_n to_o follow_v for_o the_o fulfil_n of_o that_o particular_a end_n for_o which_o it_o be_v make_v in_o proper_a harmony_n and_o consent_n with_o the_o universe_n so_o that_o the_o word_n nature_n rise_v in_o its_o signification_n according_a to_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o the_o creation_n and_o by_o follow_v nature_n must_v be_v mean_v the_o obey_v it_o according_a to_o that_o particular_a power_n which_o distinguish_v one_o creature_n from_o another_o this_o beast_n do_v by_o sensation_n this_o man_n shall_v do_v by_o reason_n that_o great_a that_o godlike_a faculty_n which_o be_v give_v we_o to_o discern_v good_a and_o evil_a and_o to_o regulate_v our_o passion_n and_o appetite_n by_o virtue_n according_o wherefore_o for_o man_n to_o follow_v nature_n be_v the_o very_a same_o with_o the_o end_n of_o life_n to_o which_o self-preservation_n be_v subservient_fw-fr 17._o subservient_fw-fr see_v chap._n 2._o p._n 16._o 17._o as_o have_v be_v show_v namely_o the_o follow_v of_o reason_n by_o virtue_n they_o who_o indulge_v their_o passion_n and_o appetite_n who_o live_v only_o by_o sensation_n do_v not_o follow_v nature_n as_o man_n but_o as_o beast_n nay_o it_o be_v not_o near_o so_o well_o with_o '_o they_o sensation_n in_o beast_n preserve_v they_o they_o obey_v no_o appetite_n to_o excess_n and_o therefore_o to_o term_v intemperance_n beastliness_n be_v no_o less_o than_o detraction_n for_o it_o be_v real_o manliness_n humane_a nature_n corrupt_v where_o reason_n enslave_v to_o appetite_n be_v keep_v to_o the_o vile_a drudgery_n of_o search_v in_o more_o and_o more_o of_o its_o gross_a and_o earthly_a object_n till_o sensation_n itself_o sink_v down_o gorge_v and_o suffocate_v under_o it_o do_v we_o follow_v nature_n as_o faithful_o as_o beast_n do_v by_o observe_v that_o which_o be_v our_o chief_a faculty_n we_o shall_v be_v happy_a and_o preserve_v our_o be_v as_o careful_o and_o successful_o as_o they_o do_v they_o but_o instead_o of_o this_o we_o rash_o destroy_v it_o or_o fond_o overlie_v it_o and_o by_o the_o intemperance_n of_o our_o choice_a enjoyment_n act_n as_o foolish_o against_o sensation_n as_o against_o reason_n that_o the_o wise_a man_n of_o all_o sect_n take_v thisto_fw-la be_v the_o meaning_n of_o follow_a nature_n or_o live_v according_a to_o it_o will_v appear_v to_o any_o one_o that_o consult_v their_o write_n of_o morality_n particular_o the_o stoic_n thus_o they_o tell_v we_o 185._o we_o diog._n laer._n l._n 7._o p._n 185._o that_o to_o live_v according_a to_o nature_n be_v to_o live_v according_a to_o man_n particular_a nature_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o universe_n do_v nothing_o which_o that_o common_a law_n which_o run_v through_o the_o whole_a creation_n right_a reason_n forbid_v which_o law_n be_v the_o same_o with_o jove_n the_o disposer_n and_o manager_n of_o all_o thing_n 8._o thing_n antonin_n lib._n 7._o sect._n 8._o to_o follow_v reason_n and_o to_o follow_v nature_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o a_o rational_a creature_n ib._n creature_n diog._n laer._n ib._n to_o live_v according_a to_o nature_n be_v to_o live_v according_a to_o virtue_n for_o nature_n lead_v we_o to_o this_o say_v cleanthes_n this_o be_v confirm_v by_o that_o excellent_a writer_n philo_n the_o jew_n 〈◊〉_d jew_n philo_z 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d this_o say_v he_o speak_v of_o obey_v god_n be_v that_o end_n of_o humane_a action_n the_o live_a according_a to_o nature_n which_o be_v so_o much_o celebrate_v by_o the_o great_a philosopher_n for_o this_o be_v do_v when_o the_o mind_n enter_v the_o path_n of_o virtue_n tread_v in_o the_o step_n of_o right_a reason_n and_o follow_v god_n ever_o mindful_a of_o his_o command_n ever_o observe_v they_o all_o strict_o both_o in_o word_n and_o deed._n yet_o perhaps_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o this_o account_n of_o follow_a nature_n be_v too_o general_a 17._o general_a dr._n donne_fw-fr p._n 45._o 41._o epist._n sen._n lip_n man_n ad_fw-la st._n phil._n l._n 2._o d._n 17._o some_o thing_n be_v natural_a to_o the_o species_n and_o other_o to_o the_o particular_a person_n and_o therefore_o when_o cicero_n consult_v the_o oracle_n he_o have_v this_o answer_n follow_v your_o own_o nature_n he_o that_o follow_v his_o
and_o necessary_a it_o may_v be_v suppose_v sufficient_o to_o warrant_v any_o man_n obedience_n when_o the_o public_a judgement_n declare_v that_o it_o be_v so_o but_o the_o chief_a question_n be_v from_o whence_o this_o power_n be_v derive_v to_o the_o public_a by_o who_o it_o be_v grant_v some_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v grant_v by_o man_n himself_o upon_o a_o kind_n of_o compact_n for_o protection_n but_o though_o proâ—…tion_n may_v be_v one_o great_a end_n of_o this_o power_n yet_o it_o be_v general_o agree_v that_o this_o power_n can_v be_v conser_v on_o the_o public_a by_o every_o particular_a man_n because_o god_n alone_o have_v the_o absolute_a propriety_n of_o humane_a life_n man_n have_v no_o such_o power_n himself_o and_o what_o he_o have_v not_o he_o can_v make_v over_o to_o another_o mr._n hobbs_n will_v have_v it_o to_o come_v from_o man_n but_o then_o to_o decline_v this_o objection_n and_o secure_v his_o darling_n principle_n of_o self-preservation_n he_o say_v this_o be_v not_o do_v by_o man_n transferâ—…ing_n any_o right_n of_o his_o own_o but_o by_o lay_v down_o the_o right_n which_o he_o have_v to_o hurt_v other_o his_o own_o word_n be_v these_o 162._o these_o â—…viathan_fw-ge part_n 2._o chap._n 28._o page_n 162._o the_o subject_n do_v not_o give_v their_o sovereign_n that_o right_o but_o only_o in_o lay_v down_o they_o strengthen_v he_o to_o use_v his_o own_o as_o he_o shall_v think_v fit_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o they_o all_o so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o give_v but_o leave_v to_o he_o if_o i_o take_v this_o right_a this_o be_v a_o very_a odd_a distinction_n for_o if_o a_o man_n have_v any_o right_a to_o hurt_v other_o for_o his_o own_o preservation_n then_o as_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o preserve_v himself_o so_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o retain_v that_o right_n and_o yet_o if_o he_o lay_v it_o down_o he_o part_v with_o it_o as_o much_o as_o if_o he_o actual_o give_v it_o away_o he_o tell_v we_o just_a before_o 161._o before_o ib._n p._n 161._o that_o in_o the_o make_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n every_o man_n give_v away_o the_o right_n of_o defend_v another_o but_o not_o of_o defend_v himself_o in_o several_a place_n 14._o place_n leviath_n part_n 1._o chap._n 14._o he_o repeat_v and_o inculcate_n this_o that_o no_o man_n can_v ever_o part_v with_o the_o right_n of_o defend_v himself_o no_o not_o after_o lawful_a trial_n and_o condemnation_n if_o this_o be_v so_o how_o can_v he_o lay_v down_o the_o right_n which_o he_o have_v to_o hurt_v other_o since_o by_o so_o do_v he_o must_v be_v leave_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n defenceless_a and_o liable_a by_o his_o own_o consent_n not_o only_o to_o be_v hurt_v but_o to_o be_v actual_o destroy_v as_o in_o all_o capital_a punishment_n wherefore_o not_o withstand_v man_n choose_v to_o struggle_v thus_o rather_o than_o have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v with_o god_n while_o they_o frame_v their_o political_a system_n yet_o it_o seem_v plain_a that_o such_o a_o power_n as_o we_o be_v speak_v of_o can_v be_v derive_v from_o no_o other_o but_o god_n who_o alone_o have_v the_o absolute_a propriety_n of_o all_o humane_a life_n can_v alone_o have_v the_o right_a to_o give_v some_o man_n power_n over_o the_o live_v of_o other_o and_o who_o have_v frame_v man_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o civil_a society_n be_v necessary_a for_o his_o security_n and_o improvement_n and_o yet_o such_o society_n not_o to_o be_v preserve_v without_o such_o a_o power_n must_v upon_o these_o consideration_n and_o also_o as_o he_o be_v a_o wife_n and_o just_a be_v and_o as_o he_o who_o will_v the_o end_n must_v will_v the_o mean_n necessary_a to_o that_o end_n must_v i_o say_v be_v suppose_v to_o grant_v to_o the_o magistrate_n such_o a_o power_n a_o power_n to_o hazard_v life_n himself_o and_o to_o oblige_v other_o to_o do_v so_o in_o defence_n of_o the_o public_a from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v may_v appear_v that_o the_o power_n or_o authority_n which_o any_o government_n have_v to_o require_v man_n to_o hazard_v their_o life_n for_o the_o public_a good_a be_v derive_v from_o god_n himself_o that_o the_o time_n and_o manner_n of_o do_v this_o depend_v upon_o the_o public_a judgement_n and_o that_o man_n be_v thus_o warrant_v for_o hazard_v his_o life_n according_o to_o return_v then_o to_o the_o instance_n abovementioned_a of_o a_o man_n give_v a_o magistrate_n his_o plank_n in_o a_o shipwreck_n if_o a_o man_n may_v hazard_v his_o life_n for_o the_o public_a good_a then_o if_o there_o be_v some_o particular_a person_n in_o who_o the_o public_a power_n and_o public_a judgement_n be_v lodge_v from_o who_o all_o the_o spring_n of_o action_n derive_v their_o motion_n who_o be_v in_o effect_n the_o life_n the_o soul_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o in_o who_o the_o liberty_n and_o property_n as_o we_o love_v to_o speak_v of_o many_o million_o centre_n and_o may_v be_v lose_v and_o among_o the_o rest_n his_o life_n also_o who_o shall_v be_v concern_v for_o this_o public_a person_n safety_n then_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o any_o man_n may_v hazard_v his_o life_n even_o to_o the_o utmost_a danger_n to_o preserve_v such_o a_o person_n yet_o in_o these_o case_n we_o be_v to_o remember_v life_n be_v only_o hazard_v not_o abandon_v much_o less_o positive_o destroy_v and_o that_o for_o such_o extreme_a hazard_n man_n may_v just_o suppose_v that_o they_o have_v authority_n from_o god_n himself_o as_o they_o be_v member_n of_o any_o civil_a government_n and_o though_o the_o danger_n be_v great_a yet_o it_o be_v very_o seldom_o that_o man_n fall_v into_o certain_a death_n upon_o these_o account_n as_o may_v be_v show_v easy_o but_o suppose_v it_o shall_v be_v so_o yet_o in_o this_o case_n a_o honest_a good_a man_n do_v not_o mind_n any_o thing_n but_o to_o do_v his_o duty_n to_o pursue_v faithful_o the_o end_n for_o which_o life_n be_v give_v and_o if_o life_n shall_v be_v lose_v in_o this_o pursuit_n this_o be_v not_o his_o desire_n nor_o his_o fault_n it_o be_v not_o his_o aim_n to_o die_v but_o to_o do_v as_o he_o ought_v nay_o glad_o will_v he_o have_v live_v have_v life_n be_v consistent_a with_o his_o virtue_n but_o when_o this_o come_v in_o question_n both_o death_n and_o life_n become_v indifferent_a and_o though_o he_o choose_v neither_o he_o accept_v reaâ—…y_o of_o either_o as_o they_o offer_v themselves_o in_o his_o way_n to_o his_o duty_n this_o i_o find_v confirm_v by_o the_o schoolman_n in_o a_o hard_a case_n than_o any_o abovementioned_a suppose_v a_o powerful_a tyrant_n shall_v bring_v the_o last_o city_n of_o any_o state_n to_o the_o great_a extremity_n by_o all_o the_o sad_a consequence_n of_o a_o long_a and_o prosperous_a siege_n as_o loss_n and_o wearineâ—…s_n of_o man_n famine_n contention_n corruption_n and_o no_o hope_n of_o succour_n shall_v be_v leave_v suppose_v that_o after_o this_o he_o shall_v refuse_v all_o article_n of_o submission_n and_o shall_v threaten_v destruction_n by_o fire_n and_o sword_n unless_o they_o deliver_v upto_o he_o some_o one_o particular_a innocent_a person_n this_o city_n say_v they_o 〈◊〉_d they_o 〈◊〉_d de_fw-fr valenâ—…_n tom._n 3._o disput._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 8._o punct_a 〈◊〉_d may_v not_o â—…ly_o deliver_v he_o up_o though_o they_o know_v he_o to_o be_v innocent_a but_o that_o very_a person_n may_v deliver_v up_o himself_o and_o yet_o without_o be_v guilty_a of_o destroy_v himself_o because_o as_o abovesaid_a his_o chiâ—…_n end_n be_v the_o do_v so_o much_o good_a not_o the_o die_v his_o particular_a intention_n his_o design_n that_o he_o have_v in_o view_n continual_o be_v to_o save_v his_o country_n and_o this_o be_v the_o only_a mean_n which_o be_v leave_v he_o resolve_v to_o incur_v the_o great_a danger_n to_o 〈◊〉_d purpose_n and_o yet_o in_o all_o this_o be_v positive_a only_o as_o to_o the_o do_v of_o his_o duty_n and_o far_o from_o be_v positive_a as_o to_o the_o destroy_n of_o his_o life_n to_o complete_a this_o argument_n let_v we_o now_o see_v 2._o how_o great_a the_o difference_n be_v between_o this_o and_o self-murder_n and_o consequent_o how_o unreasonable_o the_o one_o be_v make_v a_o plea_n for_o the_o other_o he_o that_o hazard_v life_n for_o the_o public_a do_v this_o in_o obedience_n to_o the_o law_n both_o of_o god_n and_o man_n he_o that_o destroy_v his_o own_o life_n do_v this_o in_o disobedience_n to_o the_o law_n of_o both_o the_o first_o by_o observe_v the_o true_a end_n of_o life_n do_v what_o god_n and_o nature_n primary_o design_v as_o most_o proper_a to_o preserve_v life_n and_o if_o he_o lose_v it_o be_v by_o the_o violence_n of_o other_o the_o latter_a neglect_v the_o true_a end_n of_o life_n destroy_v it_o wilful_o by_o the_o most_o positive_a act_n of_o injustice_n to_o god_n his_o
several_a kind_n 53._o kind_n biath_n p._n 51_o 52_o 53._o 1._o such_o as_o be_v draw_v from_o particular_a person_n of_o which_o many_o be_v fabulous_a as_o that_o of_o homer_n other_o such_o as_o suffer_v death_n to_o maintain_v their_o virtue_n and_o for_o the_o public_a as_o regulus_n codrus_n or_o person_n scandalous_a as_o comas_fw-la festus_n as_o for_o the_o gladiator_n they_o do_v not_o prove_v any_o desire_n of_o death_n as_o natural_a these_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n force_v or_o voluntary_a they_o who_o be_v force_v to_o be_v gladiator_n as_o captive_n in_o war_n fight_v for_o their_o life_n or_o liberty_n they_o who_o choose_v to_o be_v so_o fight_v for_o applause_n and_o after_o all_o many_o despise_v this_o applause_n to_o ask_v their_o life_n of_o the_o people_n many_o other_o have_v they_o give_v for_o a_o reward_n of_o their_o skill_n and_o courage_n which_o they_o glad_o accept_v wherefore_o no_o instance_n in_o the_o world_n can_v be_v more_o improper_a than_o this_o to_o prove_v self-murder_n natural_a 2._o the_o next_o kind_n of_o example_n be_v more_o general_n 54._o general_n p._n 54._o such_o as_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o custom_n of_o whole_a nation_n or_o from_o the_o 73._o the_o p._n 73._o connivency_n or_o appointment_n of_o humane_a law_n here_o i_o must_v desire_v that_o two_o thing_n must_v be_v observe_v one_a that_o in_o the_o allege_v of_o example_n of_o this_o kind_a a_o great_a difference_n shall_v be_v make_v between_o nation_n many_o be_v so_o ignorant_a and_o so_o savage_a that_o it_o will_v be_v very_o strange_a to_o fetch_v the_o principle_n of_o right_a reason_n from_o among_o they_o poâ—…phyrius_n say_v etc._n say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n some_o people_n be_v grow_v so_o wild_a and_o brutish_a that_o to_o quote_v their_o custom_n will_v be_v to_o scandalize_v humane_a nature_n the_o instance_n which_o he_o give_v be_v very_o proper_a for_o our_o purpose_n the_o massagetes_n say_v he_o reckon_v those_o unhappy_a who_o die_v a_o natural_a death_n and_o therefore_o eat_v their_o dear_a friend_n when_o they_o grow_v old_a the_o tibarenians_n break_v their_o neck_n down_o a_o precipice_n the_o bactrian_n throw_v they_o alive_a to_o their_o dog_n and_o strasanor_n alexander_n lieutenant_n have_v almost_o lose_v that_o province_n for_o endâ—…vouring_a to_o break_v this_o custom_n the_o sâ—…cythians_n bury_v the_o dear_a friend_n of_o the_o deceasâ—…d_n with_o they_o alive_a or_o slay_v they_o upon_o the_o funeral_n pile_n wherefore_o when_o we_o quote_v nation_n for_o example_n we_o ought_v first_o to_o have_v a_o particular_a regard_n to_o their_o condition_n their_o learning_n their_o wisdom_n and_o their_o virtue_n and_o shall_v be_v sway_v least_o of_o all_o by_o those_o who_o be_v in_o either_o of_o the_o wide_a extreme_n of_o luxury_n or_o barbarity_n 2._o in_o the_o next_o place_n second_o we_o ought_v to_o inquire_v careful_o into_o the_o ground_n and_o occasion_n of_o the_o custom_n which_o be_v plead_v whether_o it_o be_v found_v upon_o some_o religious_a or_o superstitious_a principle_n or_o encourage_v by_o some_o political_a consideration_n any_o of_o which_o if_o it_o be_v it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v allege_v as_o mere_o natural_a by_o these_o two_o rule_n let_v we_o examine_v the_o instance_n which_o be_v here_o bring_v and_o first_o that_o of_o the_o gaul_n our_o author_n say_v that_o 53._o that_o biath_n p._n 53._o in_o caesar_n time_n for_o one_o who_o die_v natural_o there_o die_v many_o by_o this_o devout_a violence_n there_o be_v some_o who_o he_o call_v devotos_fw-la and_o clientes_fw-la or_o soldurios_n which_o always_o when_o the_o lord_n die_v celebrate_v his_o funeral_n with_o their_o own_o caesar_n say_v that_o in_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n no_o one_o be_v find_v that_o ever_o refuse_v it_o this_o be_v not_o report_a candidly_n the_o matter_n be_v thus_o upon_o adcantuannus_n sally_v with_o 600._o man_n which_o do_v great_a execution_n cesar_n say_v that_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n among_o the_o gaul_n for_o people_n to_o devote_v themselves_o to_o some_o great_a man_n upon_o this_o condition_n that_o on_o the_o one_o side_n they_o be_v to_o enjoy_v in_o common_a all_o the_o benefit_n of_o life_n on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o any_o violence_n be_v offer_v to_o he_o and_o their_o defence_n or_o assistance_n necessary_a they_o be_v either_o to_o die_v with_o he_o or_o save_v he_o or_o if_o not_o kill_v themselves_o afterward_o this_o alone_a be_v that_o which_o he_o say_v gal._n say_v neq_n adhuâ—…_n hominum_fw-la memoria_fw-la repertus_fw-la est_fw-la quisquam_fw-la qui_fw-la 〈◊〉_d interfecto_fw-la cujus_fw-la amicitiae_fw-la se_fw-la devovisset_fw-la mori_fw-la 〈◊〉_d lib._n 3._o de_fw-la bello_fw-la gal._n no_o one_o ever_o refuse_v from_o whence_o it_o be_v plain_a 1._o that_o this_o be_v a_o league_n offensive_a and_o defensive_a only_o for_o the_o preserve_n of_o life_n on_o both_o side_n the_o one_o for_o nourishment_n and_o defence_n against_o hunger_n the_o other_o for_o defence_n against_o violence_n these_o man_n do_v not_o affect_v death_n but_o life_n death_n be_v the_o bond_n of_o their_o fidelity_n to_o their_o friend_n and_o lord_n if_o this_o have_v not_o be_v dreadful_a to_o they_o it_o can_v not_o have_v be_v any_o tie_n upon_o they_o if_o it_o be_v dreadful_a it_o can_v not_o be_v natural_o desire_v though_o they_o bring_v it_o upon_o themselves_o 2._o this_o be_v put_v in_o practice_n not_o when_o the_o lord_n die_v of_o any_o distemper_n but_o only_o when_o he_o be_v kill_v and_o most_o of_o his_o client_n who_o be_v to_o defend_v he_o be_v slay_v with_o he_o as_o must_v be_v suppose_v it_o can_v be_v true_a that_o many_o die_v thus_o for_o one_o that_o die_v a_o natural_a death_n to_o this_o may_v perhaps_o be_v add_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o ancient_a goth_n and_o vandal_n who_o use_v to_o cast_v themselves_o down_o steep_a rock_n into_o a_o bay_n which_o they_o call_v odin_n hall_n 241._o hall_n sir_n w_n temple_n miscel._n p._n 241._o this_o odin_n or_o wodin_n be_v their_o god_n of_o war_n have_v humane_a sacrifice_n offer_v to_o he_o and_o be_v suppose_v to_o appear_v and_o invite_v his_o votary_n into_o 55._o into_o with_fw-mi stephan_n comment_n in_o saxon._n gramâ—…at_n lib._n 6._o p._n 55._o balhalden_n i._n e._n pluto_n palace_n or_o perhaps_o baal_n hall_n these_o ignorant_a people_n suppose_v that_o this_o gulf_n lead_v down_o to_o this_o hall_n and_o that_o for_o this_o haste_n which_o they_o make_v they_o shall_v be_v feast_v and_o reward_v there_o make_v themselves_o away_o out_o of_o a_o religious_a principle_n and_o yet_o in_o no_o other_o manner_n than_o by_o throw_v themselves_o down_o this_o precipice_n the_o next_o considerable_a instance_n be_v of_o the_o samanaei_n priest_n in_o great_a request_n among_o the_o indian_n who_o he_o say_v 4._o say_v vide_fw-la porphyâ—…_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d lib._n 4._o study_a way_n how_o to_o die_v when_o they_o be_v in_o perfect_a health_n these_o be_v a_o order_n of_o religious_a man_n who_o professeâ—…_n poverty_n renounce_v all_o food_n of_o flesh_n or_o any_o live_a creature_n live_v in_o continual_a retirement_n and_o when_o they_o have_v purge_v their_o soul_n in_o this_o manner_n think_v they_o may_v give_v they_o case_n but_o this_o be_v through_o a_o religious_a principle_n and_o therefore_o not_o natural_a nor_o put_v in_o practice_n by_o those_o of_o that_o nation_n who_o be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o order_n there_o be_v other_o instance_n of_o the_o indian_n in_o history_n 8._o history_n inquinari_fw-la putant_fw-la ignem_fw-la nisi_fw-la qui_fw-la spirantes_fw-la recipit_fw-la q._n curtius_n lib._n 8._o curtius_n speak_v of_o a_o sort_n of_o wise_a man_n among_o they_o that_o burn_v themselves_o alive_a for_o which_o he_o give_v this_o reason_n that_o they_o reckon_v fire_n which_o they_o worship_v perhaps_o for_o a_o god_n as_o the_o 〈◊〉_d do_v pollute_v by_o dead_a body_n thus_o calanus_n burn_v himself_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o alexander_n and_o 15._o and_o 〈◊〉_d lib._n 15._o strabo_n speak_v of_o a_o indian_a that_o come_v upon_o a_o embassy_n to_o augustus_n who_o afterward_o upon_o his_o return_n at_o athens_n though_o in_o perfect_a health_n and_o prosperity_n burn_v himself_o public_o to_o do_v honour_n to_o his_o sect_n and_o country_n among_o the_o stiock_n and_o other_o philosopher_n there_o as_o be_v most_o probable_a but_o that_o which_o be_v observable_a here_o be_v that_o their_o voluntary_a die_v be_v in_o but_o one_o particular_a way_n namely_o by_o fire_n which_o be_v ground_v upon_o a_o religious_a opinion_n that_o the_o soul_n be_v purge_v by_o that_o element_n from_o that_o pollution_n which_o it_o have_v contract_v in_o the_o body_n and_o then_o convey_v by_o it_o upward_o to_o its_o place_n of_o happiness_n thus_o we_o be_v tell_v by_o
but_o the_o doctrine_n both_o of_o plato_n and_o aristotle_n lose_v ground_n immediate_o after_o their_o decease_n they_o who_o succeed_v plato_n in_o the_o academy_n beside_o their_o want_n of_o his_o great_a ability_n his_o elevation_n sagacity_n and_o politeness_n come_v short_a of_o he_o in_o his_o virtue_n be_v guilty_a of_o covetousness_n and_o great_a enormity_n aristotle_n who_o die_v about_o twenty_o four_o year_n after_o he_o enjoin_v his_o friend_n theophrastus_n to_o conceal_v his_o book_n which_o be_v do_v careful_o for_o many_o year_n during_o which_o time_n his_o follower_n in_o the_o lycaeum_n teach_v only_o by_o tradition_n which_o make_v his_o opinion_n liable_a to_o be_v adulterate_v and_o such_o as_o be_v genuine_a to_o lose_v very_o much_o of_o their_o spirit_n and_o vigour_n while_o the_o academy_n and_o lycaeum_n be_v under_o these_o disadvantage_n two_o very_a great_a genius_n appear_v much_o about_o the_o same_o time_n epicurus_n and_o zeno_n the_o first_o be_v for_o advance_v a_o new_a principle_n of_o morality_n and_o indeed_o a_o very_a strange_a one_o as_o common_o understand_v which_o be_v pleasure_n and_o conformable_o to_o this_o he_o new_o dress_v up_o the_o systeme_n of_o democritus_n and_o use_v the_o god_n worse_o by_o his_o manner_n of_o own_v they_o than_o anaxagorus_n have_v do_v by_o discard_n they_o entire_o in_o all_o age_n the_o natural_a systeme_n have_v be_v fit_v to_o the_o moral_a one_o and_o wherever_o you_o sin_v libertinism_n encourage_v under_o the_o popular_a pretence_n of_o assert_v the_o right_a of_o humane_a reason_n there_o you_o will_v meet_v with_o a_o world_n ready_a make_v to_o the_o purpose_n and_o god_n and_o providence_n exclude_v for_o fear_v of_o be_v injurious_a to_o the_o liberty_n and_o property_n of_o humane_a nature_n but_o zeno_n take_v a_o very_a different_a way_n he_o have_v hear_v crates_n many_o year_n yet_o can_v not_o allow_v of_o the_o brutality_n and_o immodesty_n of_o the_o cynic_n and_o therefore_o go_v over_o to_o xenocrates_n and_o polemon_n the_o successor_n of_o plato_n these_o he_o sollow_v very_o much_o in_o his_o principle_n but_o still_o retain_v the_o severity_n of_o the_o other_o in_o his_o manner_n from_o plato_n he_o teach_v the_o be_v of_o one_o god_n supreme_a over_o many_o other_o and_o that_o the_o world_n be_v govern_v and_o mankind_n particular_o by_o his_o providence_n and_o though_o he_o and_o his_o follower_n mention_v fate_n frequent_o yet_o this_o signify_v general_o only_a that_o series_n of_o second_o câ—â—â—ses_n that_o method_n which_o be_v observe_v by_o god_n in_o the_o administration_n of_o that_o providence_n he_o teach_v further_o that_o the_o first_o principle_n in_o humane_a nature_n be_v the_o preserve_n of_o one_o self_n that_o nature_n recommend_v we_o to_o ourselves_o in_o the_o strict_a manner_n as_o cicero_n make_v cato_n speak_v at_o large_a that_o the_o end_n of_o humane_a life_n and_o the_o measure_n of_o all_o our_o action_n be_v the_o follow_v of_o nature_n this_o maxim_n be_v common_a to_o all_o the_o platonist_n but_o zeno_n resolve_v to_o set_v up_o a_o new_a sect_n though_o without_o any_o reason_n as_o cicero_n prove_v excellent_o finibus_fw-la excellent_o lib._n 4._o de_fw-la finibus_fw-la though_o he_o dare_v not_o reject_v this_o principle_n which_o be_v so_o ready_o embrace_v by_o every_o body_n yet_o he_o endeavour_v to_o give_v it_o a_o new_a turn_n to_o weaken_v and_o obscure_v it_o by_o many_o nicety_n and_o distinction_n and_o so_o make_v way_n for_o several_a of_o his_o principle_n especial_o that_o of_o self-murder_n which_o be_v otherwise_o too_o plain_o inconsistent_a with_o it_o and_o here_o i_o intend_v once_o to_o give_v a_o particular_a account_n of_o this_o matter_n but_o it_o grow_v unavoidable_o long_o than_o i_o expect_v and_o full_a of_o their_o contradictory_n subtlety_n and_o absurd_a distinction_n and_o have_v already_o state_v sup_n state_v cap._n 2._o &_o 7._o sup_n the_o true_a meaning_n of_o this_o principle_n i_o think_v it_o may_v suffice_v to_o direct_v such_o as_o be_v curious_a to_o cicero_n 3d_o and_o four_o book_n de_fw-la finibus_fw-la and_o to_o plutarch_n discourse_n against_o the_o stoic_n have_v resolve_v then_o i_o say_v to_o retain_v this_o principle_n and_o yet_o in_o spite_n of_o it_o adhere_v to_o that_o of_o self-murder_n also_o they_o assign_v in_o the_o next_o place_n five_o just_a cause_n as_o they_o call_v they_o for_o put_v it_o in_o 〈◊〉_d in_o see_v diog._n laâ—…tins_n it_o ciceron_n pro_fw-la muraena_fw-la it_o li._n 3._o &_o 4._o the_o 〈◊〉_d execution_n 1._o for_o one_o country_n 2._o one_o friend_n 3._o great_a pain_n 4._o loss_n of_o sense_n or_o limb_n 5._o incurable_a disease_n some_o add_v extreme_a poverty_n or_o disgrace_n these_o be_v some_o of_o the_o chief_a thing_n which_o they_o call_v indifferent_a neither_o good_a nor_o bad_a in_o themselves_o and_o therefore_o below_o the_o concern_v of_o their_o wise_a man_n and_o yet_o they_o make_v these_o the_o chief_a measure_n of_o the_o reasenableness_n of_o self-murder_n furthermore_o they_o teach_v that_o their_o wise_a man_n i._n e._n any_o one_o that_o follow_v their_o principle_n strict_o 〈◊〉_d strict_o see_v diog._n laâ—…tius_n it_o ciceron_n pro_fw-la muraena_fw-la it_o li._n 3._o &_o 4._o the_o 〈◊〉_d can_v not_o possible_o be_v deceive_v in_o his_o opinion_n therefore_o never_o ought_v to_o repent_v or_o change_v his_o mind_n that_o all_o mankind_n except_o themselves_o be_v madman_n and_o fool_n and_o equal_o so_o insomuch_o that_o there_o will_v not_o have_v be_v the_o least_o difference_n between_o socrates_n and_o anytus_n have_v they_o live_v after_o zeno_n and_o neither_o of_o they_o beeâ—…_n stoic_n but_o as_o for_o themselves_o they_o be_v all_o king_n wise_a man_n rich_a beautiful_a above_o the_o world_n and_o equal_a to_o the_o go_n to_o fortify_v themselves_o in_o this_o strange_a vanity_n they_o teach_v further_o that_o a_o wise_a man_n ought_v always_o to_o observe_v the_o same_o method_n keep_v the_o same_o manner_n look_n and_o appearance_n that_o all_o fault_n be_v equal_a that_o all_o passion_n be_v alike_o unblamable_a therefore_o that_o a_o stoic_a ought_v neither_o to_o ask_v pardon_n nor_o grant_v forgiveness_n and_o that_o their_o manner_n may_v be_v answerable_a to_o their_o opinion_n they_o add_v that_o a_o wise_a man_n ought_v to_o be_v austere_a that_o truth_n be_v the_o more_o wholesome_a though_o less_o please_v for_o its_o roughness_n this_o zeno_n retain_v from_o his_o first_o master_n the_o cynic_n and_o encourage_v in_o opposition_n to_o epicurus_n and_o withal_o to_o prevail_v upon_o the_o people_n by_o the_o old_a yet_o still_o successful_a cheat_n of_o plain-dealing_a as_o if_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o sincerity_n to_o be_v savage_a and_o a_o philosopher_n must_v unavoidable_o forgo_v his_o humanity_n in_o order_n to_o be_v virtuous_a nay_o as_o if_o virtue_n to_o recommend_v herself_o to_o the_o world_n will_v choose_v rather_o to_o appear_v in_o a_o brutal_a than_o a_o 〈◊〉_d form_n this_o sullen_a contract_n of_o themselves_o stissen_v they_o by_o degree_n into_o stubbornness_n instead_o of_o constancy_n and_o whilst_o by_o the_o vain_a rant_v in_o which_o they_o celebrate_v their_o own_o merit_n and_o mad_o mix_v the_o god_n with_o the_o beast_n whilst_o their_o pride_n i_o say_v make_v they_o undertake_v and_o prosess_v what_o they_o can_v not_o compass_v and_o maintain_v as_o soon_o as_o they_o meet_v with_o any_o great_a calamity_n they_o forget_v all_o their_o sine_z harangue_n of_o patience_n honour_n courage_n turn_v short_a and_o fell_a upon_o themselves_o in_o a_o rage_n and_o seem_v to_o have_v reserve_v this_o principle_n of_o self-murder_n as_o a_o back_n door_n to_o use_v their_o own_o metaphor_n by_o which_o they_o poor_o steal_v away_o when_o they_o coulâ—…d_v not_o carry_v on_o the_o cheat_n any_o long_o thus_o we_o see_v the_o rise_n of_o this_o sect_n compound_v of_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o platonist_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o cynic_n and_o how_o contrary_a self-murder_n be_v to_o their_o doctrine_n of_o providence_n self-preservation_n thing_n indisserent_a and_o pretend_a apathy_n and_o nothing_o but_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o their_o pride_n and_o stubbornness_n as_o to_o its_o prevail_a among_o the_o roman_n this_o be_v much_o about_o the_o time_n abovementioned_a when_o that_o famous_a republic_n arriveed_o to_o the_o high_a pitch_n of_o its_o glory_n though_o not_o of_o its_o powerer_n zeno_n flourish_v about_o the_o 129th_o olympiad_n the_o beginning_n of_o which_o be_v about_o the_o 489th_o year_n from_o the_o building_n of_o the_o city_n the_o first_o of_o his_o follower_n that_o i_o meet_v withal_o of_o any_o esteem_n among_o the_o roman_n be_v panaetius_n who_o be_v the_o master_n of_o scipio_n aemilianus_n the_o young_a africanus_n about_o fourscore_o year_n after_o zeno._n to_o know_v the_o mean_n by_o which_o
can_v be_v no_o harm_n for_o they_o can_v intend_v their_o creature_n any_o mischief_n if_o there_o be_v not_o god_n or_o if_o they_o take_v no_o care_n of_o humane_a affair_n to_o what_o purpose_n be_v it_o to_o live_v in_o such_o a_o world_n as_o be_v without_o god_n or_o without_o providence_n but_o there_o be_v god_n and_o they_o do_v take_v care_n of_o mankind_n and_o have_v put_v it_o into_o their_o power_n not_o to_o fall_v into_o any_o of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v real_o evil_a etc._n etc._n 31._o etc._n lib._n 4._o sect._n 31._o be_v thou_o my_o soul_n like_a unto_o some_o promontory_n upon_o which_o the_o billow_n beat_v continual_o but_o that_o remain_v unmoved_a and_o force_v they_o to_o fall_v off_o on_o either_o side_n and_o slide_v gentle_o into_o a_o calm_a shall_v i_o cry_v out_o poor_o unhappy_a i_o who_o this_o or_o that_o befall_v and_o not_o rather_o say_v happy_a i_o who_o be_o able_a to_o bear_v it_o who_o be_o neither_o shockt_v with_o what_o i_o feel_v now_o nor_o frighten_v with_o what_o may_v come_v hereafter_o such_o a_o accident_n may_v have_v happen_v to_o any_o one_o as_o well_o as_o i_o but_o no_o body_n can_v have_v bear_v it_o so_o well_o as_o i._o why_o shall_v i_o call_v any_o thing_n unhappiness_n which_o can_v reach_v or_o injure_v humane_a nature_n search_v into_o thyself_o impartial_o can_v that_o which_o have_v hefalln_v thou_o make_v thou_o less_o temperate_a less_o modest_a less_o know_v or_o less_o prudent_a can_v it_o hinder_v thou_o from_o be_v just_a or_o generous_a if_o not_o remember_v when_o any_o accident_n incline_v thou_o to_o be_v discontent_v remember_v i_o say_v that_o the_o thing_n which_o befall_v you_o be_v real_o no_o vnhappiness_n in_o its_o own_o nature_n but_o that_o you_o be_v able_a to_o support_v it_o undaunted_o be_v a_o real_a and_o great_a happiness_n 23._o happiness_n lib._n 10._o sect._n 23._o he_o that_o run_v away_o from_o his_o master_n be_v a_o fugitive_n the_o law_n be_v our_o common_a master_n he_o that_o decline_v obey_v that_o run_v away_o from_o it_o and_o thus_o do_v that_o man_n who_o murmur_n rage_n or_o tremble_v at_o what_o have_v be_v be_v or_o shall_v be_v do_v by_o he_o who_o govern_v all_o thing_n who_o be_v that_o law_n which_o distribute_v to_o every_o one_o of_o we_o the_o several_a part_n of_o our_o obedience_n i_o can_v easy_o produce_v more_o instance_n for_o they_o be_v to_o be_v meet_v withal_o in_o almost_o every_o page_n of_o his_o book_n if_o i_o do_v not_o think_v these_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d how_o inconsistent_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o other_o thing_n which_o he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d observable_a that_o this_o great_a man_n seem_v to_o be_v sensible_a of_o this_o himself_o he_o never_o inculcate_n this_o principle_n with_o that_o 〈◊〉_d and_o violence_n which_o the_o other_o do_v he_o can_v not_o quit_v it_o whole_o as_o he_o be_v a_o stoic_a it_o be_v the_o characteristic_a of_o that_o sect_n yet_o he_o mention_n it_o but_o twice_o or_o thrice_o i_o think_v in_o all_o his_o book_n and_o that_o too_o in_o so_o short_a and_o slight_a a_o manner_n that_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v ashamed_a of_o it_o and_o to_o be_v conscious_a how_o contradictory_n this_o be_v to_o that_o submission_n to_o providence_n that_o magnanimity_n and_o constancy_n in_o all_o event_n which_o he_o recommend_v continual_o and_o indeed_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o it_o shall_v take_v any_o root_n in_o so_o excellent_a a_o temper_n his_o great_a regard_n to_o the_o god_n his_o natural_a goodness_n and_o moderation_n make_v his_o mind_n yield_v ready_o to_o all_o the_o dispensation_n of_o providence_n whereas_o the_o vain_a the_o stubborn_a and_o obstinate_a mind_n as_o it_o be_v quick_o incense_v so_o it_o snap_v short_a immediate_o and_o break_v rather_o than_o yield_v even_o to_o god_n himself_o thus_o i_o have_v give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o first_o rise_v of_o the_o stoic_a philosophy_n show_v the_o time_n when_o it_o begin_v to_o appear_v among_o the_o roman_n the_o cause_n of_o its_o progress_n how_o the_o principle_n of_o self-murder_n in_o particular_a come_v to_o be_v in_o request_n and_o to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n how_o inconsistent_a this_o be_v with_o the_o other_o principle_n of_o that_o sect_n and_o particular_o with_o what_o be_v teach_v by_o those_o three_o author_n who_o authority_n have_v recommend_v it_o so_o much_o to_o the_o world_n and_o if_o what_o have_v be_v say_v be_v true_a as_o any_o one_o that_o question_v it_o may_v easy_o find_v if_o they_o will_v examine_v the_o author_n which_o i_o have_v refer_v to_o which_o i_o entreat_v they_o to_o do_v then_o this_o great_a prejudice_n ground_v upon_o the_o doctrine_n and_o example_n of_o this_o wise_a and_o virtuous_a sect_n ought_v not_o to_o sway_v any_o long_o with_o they_o chap._n xi_o cato_n case_n consider_v in_o particular_a his_o character_n his_o enmity_n against_o caesar._n the_o several_a circumstance_n of_o his_o death_n what_o may_v most_o probably_n have_v be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o it_o and_o of_o the_o great_a encomium_n which_o be_v give_v he_o afterward_o have_v thus_o give_v some_o account_n of_o the_o roman_a nation_n and_o of_o the_o philosophy_n of_o the_o stoic_n the_o way_n lie_v the_o more_o open_a to_o consider_v the_o case_n of_o cato_n death_n who_o be_v so_o great_a a_o ornament_n to_o both_o and_o who_o example_n be_v so_o much_o plead_v in_o the_o behalf_n of_o self-murder_n nothing_o be_v more_o reasonable_a than_o that_o one_o or_o more_o ill_a action_n shall_v escape_v the_o censure_n of_o posterity_n under_o the_o splendour_n of_o a_o great_a many_o good_a one_o but_o the_o perverseness_n of_o some_o people_n will_v not_o allow_v of_o this_o who_o be_v give_v to_o think_v out_o of_o the_o way_n and_o maintain_v dangerous_a paradox_n be_v always_o search_v into_o the_o life_n of_o great_a man_n to_o pick_v out_o something_o to_o justify_v their_o pretence_n wherefore_o though_o it_o be_v a_o very_a ill_a office_n to_o disturb_v the_o ash_n of_o the_o dead_a and_o to_o call_v in_o question_n those_o encomium_n which_o have_v long_o since_o ripen_v into_o glory_n yet_o when_o such_o authority_n shall_v be_v thus_o dangerous_o abuse_v and_o great_a name_n bring_v in_o instead_o of_o sound_a argument_n it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a to_o inquire_v into_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n as_o well_o for_o the_o vindication_n of_o the_o dead_a as_o the_o information_n of_o the_o live_n of_o all_o the_o example_n that_o be_v bring_v for_o self-murder_n cato_n be_v the_o most_o considerable_a wherefore_o in_o order_n to_o the_o make_v a_o right_a judgement_n of_o this_o matter_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o do_v these_o thing_n 1._o to_o form_v a_o just_a and_o true_a idea_n of_o he_o by_o consider_v his_o particular_a temper_n and_o what_o it_o be_v that_o distinguish_v he_o from_o other_o men._n 2._o to_o consider_v he_o as_o he_o stand_v in_o relation_n to_o caesar._n 3._o to_o examine_v exact_o the_o several_a circumstance_n of_o his_o death_n and_o from_o these_o show_n the_o true_a cause_n of_o it_o and_o when_o this_o be_v do_v 4._o to_o inquire_v into_o the_o reason_n usual_o give_v for_o its_o be_v so_o much_o applaud_v and_o assign_v the_o true_a one_o i._o we_o be_v to_o form_v a_o just_a idea_n of_o he_o etc._n etc._n to_o this_o end_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v in_o the_o first_o place_n that_o he_o live_v in_o such_o a_o age_n wherein_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v at_o the_o very_o worst_a the_o low_a sort_n as_o well_o as_o the_o high_a be_v 〈◊〉_d in_o luxury_n and_o by_o their_o expeâ—…sive_a vice_n 〈◊〉_d open_a to_o the_o brihery_n and_o corruption_n of_o the_o ambitious_a the_o law_n and_o liberty_n of_o rome_n the_o public_a good_a which_o their_o ancestor_n have_v study_v and_o improve_v with_o so_o much_o glory_n be_v quite_o forget_v and_o several_a party_n form_v to_o usurp_v not_o defend_v the_o government_n place_n of_o great_a trust_n and_o authority_n be_v sell_v public_o and_o they_o who_o buy_v 〈◊〉_d make_v haste_n to_o be_v whole_a again_o by_o sell_v truth_n and_o justice_n among_o these_o corrâ—…ptions_n cato_n grow_v up_o untainted_a in_o his_o integrity_n not_o to_o be_v work_v upon_o by_o the_o impunity_n or_o rather_o the_o reputation_n of_o these_o crime_n nor_o to_o be_v fright_v by_o be_v leave_v single_a and_o alone_a but_o brave_o oppose_v himself_o against_o the_o enemy_n of_o his_o country_n notwithstanding_o the_o pride_n and_o 〈◊〉_d of_o their_o wealth_n or_o power_n indeed_o never_o be_v there_o a_o more_o sincere_a lover_n of_o the_o public_a good_a never_o do_v any_o man_n incur_v so_o many_o danger_n to_o hinder_v the_o pass_n of_o factious_a and_o destructive_a law_n no_o body_n
opportunity_n that_o it_o have_v fall_v low_a and_o yet_o raise_v itself_o this_o be_v all_o very_a true_a but_o than_o it_o be_v as_o true_a to_o he_o as_o to_o they_o and_o since_o they_o reject_v it_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v follow_v it_o and_o if_o he_o have_v do_v so_o how_o many_o more_o trial_n may_v he_o have_v have_v for_o the_o liberty_n of_o rome_n africa_n have_v not_o be_v whole_o lose_v at_o that_o time_n the_o young_a pompey_n will_v have_v have_v more_o time_n to_o have_v strengthen_v himself_o or_o have_v he_o go_v to_o he_o with_o those_o excellent_a commander_n petreius_n and_o afranius_n it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o caesar_n may_v have_v lose_v that_o battle_n which_o be_v the_o most_o doubtful_a and_o most_o bloody_a that_o he_o ever_o fight_v and_o which_o he_o gain_v only_o through_o the_o folly_n of_o labienus_n or_o after_o that_o he_o may_v have_v retire_v into_o some_o place_n unknown_a for_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v not_o extend_v to_o that_o degree_n then_o or_o ever_o after_o that_o there_o be_v no_o place_n to_o retire_v to_o no_o mean_n of_o evade_n tyrant_n fury_n but_o self-murder_n and_o though_o he_o can_v not_o have_v prevent_v caesar_n greatness_n yet_o he_o will_v still_o have_v be_v a_o curb_n upon_o he_o and_o at_o least_o have_v make_v he_o use_v his_o fortune_n more_o moderate_o nor_o be_v it_o long_o before_o opportunity_n do_v offer_v itself_o to_o recover_v again_o his_o country_n liberty_n i_o do_v not_o think_v that_o cato_n will_v have_v be_v draw_v into_o the_o conspiracy_n against_o caesar_n i_o believe_v his_o great_a mind_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o consent_v to_o the_o murder_v even_o of_o his_o mortal_a enemy_n in_o so_o base_a a_o manner_n but_o afterward_o he_o may_v possible_o have_v join_v with_o they_o support_v the_o virtue_n of_o brutus_n and_o restrain_v the_o fury_n of_o cassius_n against_o anthony_n and_o young_a octavius_n and_o will_v have_v be_v in_o all_o respect_v a_o great_a strength_n to_o their_o party_n for_o notwithstanding_o brutus_n character_n his_o ingratitude_n to_o caesar_n lose_v he_o many_o thousand_o roman_n that_o will_v glad_o have_v come_v in_o to_o cato_n wherefore_o if_o we_o consider_v these_o thing_n impartial_o though_o it_o be_v common_o say_v in_o justification_n of_o cato_n self-murder_n that_o he_o die_v for_o the_o liberty_n of_o rome_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o he_o stab_v it_o himself_o yet_o not_o purposely_o but_o accidental_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o a_o man_n that_o resolve_v himself_o a_o mischief_n may_v in_o his_o rage_n stab_v his_o own_o father_n that_o cling_v about_o he_o there_o be_v one_o thing_n by_o which_o cicero_n will_v prove_v that_o cato_n ought_v to_o have_v die_v in_o this_o manner_n and_o that_o be_v decorum_n 31._o decorum_n cicero_n de_fw-fr ossicijs_fw-la lib._n 1._o sect._n 31._o which_o be_v the_o same_o with_o maintain_v a_o character_n a_o certain_a likeness_n between_o all_o our_o action_n a_o unalterable_a equability_n of_o life_n and_o this_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o difference_n between_o universal_a and_o particular_a humane_a nature_n of_o which_o something_a have_v be_v say_v above_o this_o difference_n of_o particular_a nature_n which_o form_v the_o several_a character_n of_o man_n be_v of_o that_o force_n say_v he_o that_o sometime_o one_o man_n ought_v to_o kill_v himself_o and_o yet_o another_o in_o the_o very_a same_o circumstance_n ought_v not_o for_o be_v 11._o be_v montaign_n be_v very_o much_o please_v with_o this_o passage_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 11._o not_o cato_n case_n the_o very_a same_o with_o those_o other_o who_o surrender_v themselves_o to_o caesar_n in_o africa_n and_o yet_o perhaps_o it_o will_v have_v be_v unblamable_a in_o they_o to_o have_v kill_v themselves_o because_o their_o manner_n be_v gentle_a and_o easy_a but_o as_o nature_n have_v give_v cato_n a_o incredible_a gravity_n and_o he_o have_v confirm_v this_o by_o a_o perpetual_a constancy_n and_o have_v always_o remain_v unmoveable_a in_o what_o he_o have_v once_o resolve_v and_o undertake_v it_o become_v he_o rather_o to_o die_v than_o to_o see_v the_o tyrant_n face_n here_o this_o great_a man_n seem_v to_o give_v in_o too_o much_o to_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o stoic_n upon_o which_o though_o well_o correct_v in_o other_o place_n that_o excellent_a treatise_n be_v found_v they_o lay_v down_o in_o the_o first_o place_n that_o a_o wise_a man_n can_v not_o possible_o be_v mistake_v upon_o this_o they_o advance_v that_o such_o a_o man_n ought_v never_o to_o change_v his_o opinion_n or_o way_n of_o live_v or_o act_v but_o be_v always_o the_o same_o now_o if_o the_o first_o can_v have_v be_v true_a the_o latter_a will_v have_v be_v reasonable_a but_o alas_o it_o be_v far_o from_o be_v so_o the_o wise_a and_o the_o best_a of_o mankind_n may_v err_v in_o his_o opinion_n and_o consequent_o in_o his_o action_n and_o therefore_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o dangerous_a than_o to_o mantain_n that_o a_o man_n ought_v never_o to_o alter_v it_o be_v true_a levity_n and_o inconstancy_n be_v great_a and_o unmanly_a fault_n but_o next_o to_o the_o not_o be_v in_o any_o error_n at_o all_o it_o be_v the_o great_a wisdom_n to_o get_v out_o of_o it_o quick_o and_o the_o do_v so_o be_v no_o more_o levity_n and_o inconstancy_n than_o when_o a_o man_n have_v mistake_v his_o way_n and_o be_v run_v upon_o a_o precipice_n it_o be_v levity_n and_o inconstancy_n to_o turn_v back_o again_o to_o persist_v in_o a_o error_n be_v stupidity_n this_o be_v the_o constancy_n the_o decorum_n of_o brute_n but_o to_o get_v out_o assoon_o as_o possible_a not_o only_o become_v the_o dignity_n of_o humane_a nature_n but_o improve_v it_o in_o the_o high_a manner_n since_o every_o error_n we_o leave_v the_o more_o we_o have_v of_o truth_n and_o consequent_o partake_v the_o more_o of_o god_n himself_o decorum_n be_v the_o beauty_n which_o be_v reflect_v from_o virtuous_a action_n the_o first_o care_n shall_v be_v concern_v the_o action_n that_o they_o be_v virtuous_a and_o the_o decorum_n will_v follow_v natural_o but_o when_o people_n mind_n this_o first_o it_o will_v be_v always_o of_o ill_a consequence_n to_o observe_v a_o resolution_n steady_o be_v so_o much_o the_o worse_o if_o the_o resolution_n be_v not_o just_a and_o be_v no_o more_o than_o be_v positive_o in_o the_o wrong_n wherefore_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v prove_v first_o that_o self-murder_n be_v lawful_a for_o if_o it_o be_v not_o so_o no_o plea_n can_v be_v weak_a than_o that_o of_o decorum_n which_o in_o this_o case_n be_v nothing_o more_o than_o habitual_a stubbornness_n and_o profess_a injustice_n and_o as_o for_o the_o evil_n which_o be_v pretendod_n here_o for_o cato_n die_v namely_o the_o see_v the_o tyrant_n face_n this_o be_v not_o necessary_a he_o may_v and_o ought_v to_o have_v save_v himself_o with_o the_o other_o senator_n and_o struggle_v still_o against_o all_o opposition_n for_o the_o public_a good_a as_o i_o say_v before_o and_o than_o rome_n may_v have_v receive_v he_o with_o open_a arm_n as_o she_o do_v terentius_n varro_n after_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n though_o lose_v by_o his_o rashness_n because_o he_o do_v not_o despair_v of_o her_o safety_n or_o if_o she_o have_v not_o he_o have_v still_o observe_v decorum_n in_o the_o best_a the_o noble_a way_n for_o duty_n will_v be_v always_o decent_a and_o nothing_o else_o can_v be_v true_o so_o this_o passage_n of_o cicero_n put_v i_o in_o mind_n of_o what_o i_o say_v concern_v he_o above_o when_o i_o bring_v he_o in_o against_o self-murder_n he_o be_v so_o direct_o in_o his_o somnium_fw-la scipionis_fw-la as_o macrobius_n show_v sufficient_o 9_o sufficient_o chap._n 9_o that_o excellent_a piece_n be_v write_v before_o cato_n death_n when_o his_o judgement_n be_v freevill_n afterward_o cicero_n be_v of_o the_o same_o party_n that_o cato_n be_v and_o be_v carry_v away_o with_o that_o torrent_n of_o applause_n which_o that_o age_n run_v into_o he_o make_v all_o the_o shift_n he_o can_v to_o palliate_v and_o excuse_v his_o kill_n of_o himself_o and_o be_v very_o hard_o put_v to_o it_o to_o do_v so_o as_o may_v appear_v from_o the_o instance_n which_o we_o have_v be_v just_a now_o discourse_v of_o and_o his_o make_v socrates_n case_n and_o his_o the_o same_o 1._o tuscul._n quaest_n than_o which_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o unreasonable_a but_o if_o any_o body_n shall_v be_v so_o zealous_a in_o this_o matter_n as_o not_o to_o be_v satisfy_v with_o this_o his_o authority_n shall_v be_v wave_v if_o they_o please_v to_o conclude_v this_o point_n if_o it_o be_v ask_v after_o all_o what_o shall_v we_o say_v to_o those_o encomium_n which_o be_v give_v to_o this_o great_a man_n how_o can_v so_o many_o people_n be_v in_o the_o
wrong_n how_o can_v his_o death_n ever_o have_v be_v so_o much_o applaud_v if_o not_o reasonable_a and_o lawful_a the_o true_a cause_n of_o this_o great_a applause_n be_v 1._o that_o he_o be_v a_o man_n real_o of_o the_o great_a probity_n honour_n integrity_n courage_n the_o true_a lover_n of_o his_o country_n that_o can_v be_v find_v in_o any_o history_n that_o the_o fault_n of_o his_o life_n be_v few_o and_o the_o excellency_n bright_a than_o any_o other_o example_n can_v afford_v 2._o that_o upon_o this_o account_n the_o character_n of_o the_o other_o cato_n which_o be_v very_o great_a sink_v into_o he_o and_o in_o after_o age_n what_o be_v say_v of_o the_o former_a be_v attribute_v to_o the_o latter_a 3._o that_o as_o to_o his_o death_n there_o be_v some_o action_n which_o become_v famous_a not_o for_o their_o be_v reasonable_a but_o for_o their_o happen_v at_o a_o particular_a time_n cato_n kill_v himself_o just_a upon_o the_o alteration_n of_o the_o roman_a government_n he_o die_v with_o the_o roman_a liberty_n most_o certain_o whether_o he_o die_v for_o it_o or_o no_o and_o the_o more_o that_o liberty_n be_v miss_v the_o more_o be_v his_o death_n applaud_v the_o two_o great_a revolution_n of_o the_o roman_a state_n the_o birth_n and_o death_n of_o that_o glorious_a republic_n be_v attend_v by_o the_o self-murder_n of_o two_o most_o virtuous_a person_n which_o be_v celebrate_v with_o so_o many_o encomium_n have_v deceive_v many_o people_n but_o the_o virtue_n of_o their_o life_n conceal_v the_o error_n of_o their_o death_n and_o the_o public_a be_v so_o far_o concern_v in_o they_o run_v away_o with_o their_o applause_n which_o posterity_n have_v receive_v from_o age_n to_o age_n without_o much_o examination_n from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v i_o hope_v it_o do_v appear_v that_o as_o no_o example_n of_o self-murder_n ought_v to_o sway_v with_o we_o either_o upon_o account_n of_o the_o roman_n practice_n or_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o stoic_n so_o this_o of_o cato_n in_o particular_a ought_v not_o to_o be_v of_o any_o authority_n in_o this_o case_n chap._n xii_o concern_v courage_n what_o the_o nature_n proper_a object_n and_o use_v of_o it_o be_v the_o mistake_v concern_v it_o and_o the_o occasion_n of_o they_o that_o self-murder_n be_v not_o the_o natural_a effect_n of_o true_a courage_n other_o pretence_n there_o be_v for_o self-murder_n which_o be_v ground_v upon_o mistake_a notion_n of_o courage_n honour_n and_o liberty_n the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v courage_n in_o so_o warlike_a a_o age_n and_o nation_n as_o this_o be_v it_o may_v perhaps_o be_v take_v amiss_o for_o any_o one_o to_o inquire_v what_o courage_n be_v but_o that_o they_o who_o abound_v most_o in_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v commendable_a always_o bear_v the_o examination_n of_o it_o best_o here_o we_o meet_v with_o our_o author_n again_o who_o be_v more_o lofty_a than_o usual_a upon_o this_o occasion_n 〈◊〉_d occasion_n donne_fw-fr pag._n 〈◊〉_d when_o i_o frame_v to_o myself_o say_v he_o a_o martyrology_n of_o all_o which_o have_v perish_v by_o their_o own_o mean_n for_o religion_n country_n fame_n love_n ease_n fear_v shame_n i_o blush_v to_o see_v how_o â—…aked_a of_o follower_n all_o virtue_n be_v in_o respect_n of_o this_o fortilude_n etc._n etc._n the_o 〈◊〉_d as_o he_o call_v it_o follow_v consist_v chief_o of_o thief_n minion_n gladiator_n as_o to_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o fortitude_n which_o he_o mention_n here_o to_o omit_v at_o present_a what_o relate_v to_o religion_n what_o concern_v die_v for_o one_o country_n have_v 8._o have_v chap._n 8._o be_v speak_v to_o at_o large_a the_o motive_n of_o fame_n shall_v be_v consider_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n as_o also_o that_o of_o shame_n but_o how_o the_o kill_n of_o one_o self_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o ease_n love_n nay_o fear_v too_o shall_v be_v instance_n of_o fortitude_n be_v very_o strange_a by_o fortitude_n here_o i_o suppose_v mean_v the_o same_o with_o what_o be_v call_v courage_n this_o be_v general_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o great_a virtue_n and_o self-murder_n believe_v to_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o it_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o make_v a_o particular_a enquiry_n into_o it_o not_o only_o for_o the_o clear_n of_o this_o mistake_n but_o several_a other_o rise_v from_o the_o same_o root_n 1._o let_v we_o see_v what_o be_v the_o nature_n object_n and_o use_n of_o courage_n particular_o as_o rational_a and_o humane_a 2._o what_o the_o mistake_v be_v concern_v it_o and_o what_o be_v probable_o the_o cause_n of_o they_o and_o this_o be_v do_v i_o shall_v show_v 3._o that_o self-murder_n be_v not_o the_o effect_n of_o true_a courage_n 1._o as_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o courage_n be_v only_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o active_a and_o vigorous_a heat_n in_o the_o heart_n as_o its_o name_n import_v in_o many_o modern_a language_n which_o heat_n send_v forth_o many_o brisk_a and_o lively_a spirit_n which_o diffuse_v themselves_o through_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o prompt_v it_o to_o action_n so_o that_o this_o be_v common_a to_o other_o creature_n as_o well_o as_o man_n and_o therefore_o not_o any_o virtue_n natural_o the_o virtue_n of_o it_o depend_v upon_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o object_n and_o proper_a use_n of_o it_o 2._o as_o to_o the_o object_n all_o object_n work_v upon_o creature_n which_o have_v life_n either_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o good_a or_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o evil_n as_o to_o thing_n indifferent_a our_o passion_n be_v not_o concern_v about_o they_o as_o to_o what_o be_v or_o seem_v good_a if_o this_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v obtain_v the_o very_a appearance_n of_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v the_o soul_n reach_v after_o it_o without_o any_o occasion_n for_o courage_n and_o if_o we_o can_v imagine_v a_o man_n to_o be_v whole_o at_o ease_n to_o abound_v in_o all_o thing_n he_o can_v wish_v for_o and_o to_o be_v secure_a in_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o they_o such_o a_o one_o will_v have_v no_o need_n of_o courage_n and_o therefore_o it_o will_v languish_v and_o die_v away_o by_o degree_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o any_o thing_n present_v itself_o as_o a_o obstacle_n in_o the_o way_n to_o that_o which_o we_o take_v to_o be_v good_a or_o if_o any_o thing_n which_o we_o take_v to_o be_v evil_a threaten_v we_o with_o danger_n than_o the_o soul_n look_v out_o and_o view_v the_o enemy_n and_o according_a as_o it_o find_v its_o strength_n prepare_v to_o attack_v or_o resist_v it_o from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o proper_a object_n of_o courage_n be_v evil._n thus_o a_o modern_a author_n 6._o author_n hobb_n leviath_n p._n 1._o chap_n 6._o fear_n be_v the_o opinion_n of_o hurt_n from_o the_o object_n courage_n be_v the_o hope_n of_o avoid_v that_o hurt_a by_o resistance_n or_o as_o another_o â—_o another_o de_fw-fr la_fw-fr chamb._n char._n des_fw-fr â—_z vol._n 2._o cap._n â—_o courage_n be_v a_o power_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o employ_v the_o force_n of_o the_o mind_n to_o overcome_v evil_n or_o to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o '_o they_o from_o whence_o we_o also_o come_v to_o a_o knowledge_n of_o 3._o the_o proper_a use_n of_o courage_n namely_o to_o attack_v or_o resist_v what_o be_v evil._n what_o have_v be_v say_v hiâ—…herto_o may_v belong_v to_o beast_n as_o well_o as_o man_n the_o proper_a use_n of_o courage_n as_o belong_v to_o man_n consist_v in_o the_o promote_a that_o end_n for_o which_o he_o receive_v life_n the_o use_n of_o courage_n in_o beast_n be_v to_o preserve_v life_n but_o since_o liâ—e_z be_v give_v man_n to_o a_o more_o excellent_a end_n as_o have_v be_v show_v whatever_o spring_v there_o be_v in_o humane_a nature_n of_o which_o courage_n be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a must_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v intend_v as_o subservient_fw-fr to_o this_o end_n and_o therefore_o the_o justness_n and_o regularity_n of_o their_o motion_n must_v be_v measure_v by_o it_o according_o first_o then_o humane_a courage_n ought_v to_o be_v inform_v true_o concern_v its_o object_n to_o have_v a_o right_n and_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o its_o be_v evil_a which_o reason_n will_v quick_o discover_v second_o it_o ought_v to_o attack_v or_o resist_v that_o evil_a in_o such_o 〈◊〉_d manner_n limit_v and_o direct_v by_o such_o virtue_n as_o may_v hinder_v it_o from_o interfere_v with_o any_o part_n of_o our_o duty_n towards_o god_n our_o neighbour_n or_o ourselves_o this_o make_v courage_n to_o be_v found_v upon_o justice_n and_o direct_v by_o it_o otherwise_o it_o will_v be_v evil_a itself_o it_o have_v be_v say_v already_o that_o courage_n be_v twofold_a either_o such_o as_o attack_n or_o such_o as_o resist_v evil._n let_v we_o bring_v both_o of_o they_o to_o these_o rule_n 1._o as_o to_o that_o part_n of_o courage_n which_o
consist_v in_o attacking_z evil_a the_o measure_n of_o this_o be_v that_o the_o evil_n be_v real_a which_o we_o attack_z that_o it_o be_v attack_v with_o 1._o with_o ea_fw-la animi_fw-la elâ—…tio_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o periculis_fw-la cernitur_fw-la si_fw-la justitia_fw-la vacaâ—…_n in_o vitio_fw-la est_fw-la itaque_fw-la probe_n dehnitur_fw-la à _fw-la stoicis_fw-la fortitudo_fw-la virtus_fw-la propugnâ—…ms_fw-la pro_fw-la aquitate_fw-la cicero_n de_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d lib._n 1._o justice_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o a_o man_n courage_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v the_o instrument_n of_o his_o ambition_n his_o covetousness_n anger_n or_o revenge_n for_o these_o will_v make_v he_o not_o only_o fancy_v evil_a where_o there_o be_v none_o but_o attack_v it_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o be_v most_o unjust_a in_o this_o regard_n beast_n use_v their_o courage_n better_o than_o man_n they_o always_o do_v it_o in_o defence_n of_o life_n to_o supply_v their_o hunger_n or_o to_o escape_v death_n when_o threaten_v some_o other_o way_n but_o man_n employ_v it_o against_o man_n when_o life_n be_v far_o from_o be_v in_o danger_n only_o to_o usurp_v over_o he_o and_o therefore_o this_o kind_n of_o courage_n be_v rare_o employ_v by_o good_a man_n unless_o upon_o extreme_a necessity_n and_o yet_o even_o where_o such_o necessity_n require_v it_o it_o must_v be_v always_o close_o attend_v by_o justice_n and_o goodness_n without_o which_o it_o will_v be_v nothing_o but_o injurious_a insolence_n yet_o common_o speak_v there_o be_v seldom_o any_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n less_o regard_v than_o justice_n by_o those_o who_o value_v themselves_o most_o upon_o this_o kind_n of_o courage_n push_v courage_n as_o some_o call_v it_o and_o what_o be_v most_o strange_a although_o the_o world_n sutâ—…ers_v so_o much_o by_o it_o there_o be_v nothing_o that_o it_o be_v more_o apt_a to_o admire_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o impudence_n and_o cruelty_n noise_n and_o madness_n want_v of_o sense_n as_o much_o as_o virtue_n oath_n violence_n rashness_n revenge_n injure_v man_n and_o blaspheme_v god_n be_v so_o often_o count_v courage_n these_o mistake_v begin_v early_o they_o be_v some_o of_o the_o first_o effect_n of_o the_o baseness_n and_o degenerateness_n of_o humane_a nature_n man_n either_o out_o of_o cowardice_n worship_n what_o they_o fear_v or_o else_o admire_v it_o because_o they_o find_v the_o same_o principle_n in_o themselves_o by_o which_o it_o usual_o act_n as_o pride_n ambition_n covetousness_n revenge_n and_o will_v be_v glad_a to_o have_v it_o as_o a_o instrument_n to_o compass_v such_o end_n as_o these_o aim_n at_o this_o ill_a ground_a admiration_n be_v nourish_v afterward_o by_o the_o honour_n and_o title_n which_o be_v give_v to_o this_o successful_a injustice_n as_o such_o a_o one_o the_o conqueror_n or_o the_o great_a and_o by_o some_o character_n in_o heroic_a poetry_n but_o conqueror_n be_v general_o a_o fatal_a title_n the_o badge_n of_o absolute_a slavery_n and_o be_v general_o selt_z more_o by_o the_o hero_n own_o country_n than_o those_o which_o he_o add_v to_o it_o and_o what_o shall_v be_v mean_v by_o such_o a_o one_o the_o great_a the_o great_a promoter_n of_o art_n and_o science_n the_o great_a encourager_n of_o virtue_n no_o the_o great_a invader_n and_o destroyer_n of_o mankind_n or_o what_o be_v many_o of_o the_o hero_n of_o poetry_n if_o strip_v of_o the_o ornament_n of_o number_n wit_n and_o eloquence_n and_o consider_v in_o themselves_o beside_o how_o oft_o be_v the_o poet_n misunderstand_v and_o think_v to_o paint_n a_o demi-god_n when_o he_o intend_v perhaps_o a_o centaur_n thus_o alexander_n himself_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v mislead_v when_o come_v to_o achilles_n tomb_n poeta_fw-la tomb_n cicero_n pro_fw-la archia_fw-la poeta_fw-la he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v cry_v out_o o_o happy_a youth_n who_o have_v such_o a_o poet_n as_o homer_n to_o record_v thy_o deed_n this_o false_a admiration_n betray_v he_o into_o one_o of_o the_o worst_a action_n of_o his_o life_n the_o drag_v the_o 4._o the_o quint._n curtius_n lib._n 4._o gallant_a batis_n governor_n of_o gaza_n round_o that_o town_n as_o the_o other_o have_v do_v hector_n only_o for_o have_v defend_v it_o faithful_o and_o honourable_o homer_n indeed_o be_v a_o admirable_a poet_n he_o always_o draw_v to_o the_o life_n whatever_o the_o original_a be_v he_o represent_v thersites_n naturally_n so_o do_v he_o achilles_n too_o but_o this_o be_v the_o worse_a for_o he_o for_o achilles_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o insolent_a bravo_n lustful_a passionate_a inexorable_a barbarous_a homer_n design_n in_o that_o poem_n be_v to_o show_v the_o ill_a consequence_n of_o dissension_n among_o general_n of_o several_a government_n in_o the_o same_o intreâ—…t_n a_o last_a lesson_n for_o greece_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o several_a little_a state_n not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o a_o pattern_n to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o insolence_n break_v that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o death_n of_o so_o many_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d indeed_o few_o hero_n will_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o their_o poet_n or_o historian_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d do_v they_o justice_n these_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o mistake_v concern_v this_o sort_n 〈◊〉_d courage_n which_o impose_v upon_o mankind_n first_o by_o its_o noise_n and_o splendour_n and_o afterward_o often_o enslave_v they_o i_o have_v be_v the_o more_o particular_a in_o this_o matter_n because_o this_o lawless_a arrogance_n which_o be_v often_o sour_v into_o a_o surly_a brutishness_n after_o it_o have_v be_v long_o injurious_a to_o man_n and_o insolent_a to_o god_n when_o any_o thing_n happen_v cross_a to_o it_o and_o it_o be_v check_v or_o control_v by_o providence_n be_v very_o apt_a to_o fly_v out_o into_o rage_n and_o indignation_n and_o because_o it_o can_v reach_v that_o fall_v upon_o itself_o and_o so_o become_v one_o of_o the_o most_o common_a cause_n of_o self-murder_n which_o ignorant_a people_n take_v to_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o courage_n according_o 2._o the_o other_o part_n of_o courage_n consist_v in_o the_o resistance_n of_o evil._n and_o be_v that_o firmness_n and_o constancy_n of_o mind_n whereby_o it_o support_v itself_o undaunted_o under_o all_o calamity_n this_o be_v the_o more_o noble_a sort_n of_o courage_n because_o a_o man_n can_v be_v unjust_a here_o towards_o his_o neighbour_n or_o towards_o his_o god_n for_o this_o consist_v in_o the_o bear_n of_o all_o event_n with_o patience_n whether_o they_o be_v poverty_n pain_n loss_n of_o sense_n friend_n or_o child_n disgrace_n etc._n etc._n some_o one_o of_o which_o at_o least_o befall_z most_o man_n sometime_o or_o other_o and_o therefore_o every_o one_o ought_v to_o be_v provide_v with_o this_o kind_n of_o courage_n whatever_o he_o be_v with_o the_o other_o because_o there_o be_v much_o few_o evil_n that_o require_v be_v resist_v by_o violence_n than_o by_o patience_n this_o than_o be_v that_o fortithan_n which_o the_o soul_n shall_v have_v always_o ready_a to_o retire_v unto_o when_o it_o be_v surprise_v by_o sudden_a evil_n and_o than_o it_o be_v then_o chief_o that_o it_o have_v the_o most_o glorious_a opportunity_n of_o discover_v itself_o for_o what_o noble_a idea_n can_v we_o form_v of_o humane_a nature_n than_o to_o consider_v it_o beset_v by_o several_a evil_n at_o once_a attack_v in_o its_o body_n reputation_n and_o estate_n and_o yet_o undaunted_a and_o though_o leave_v single_o and_o alone_o arm_v itself_o with_o resolution_n patience_n and_o constancy_n whatever_o have_v be_v say_v of_o the_o vulcanian_a arm_n of_o old_a such_o as_o these_o be_v impenetrable_a indeed_o because_o well_o wrought_v and_o temper_v by_o deliberate_a reason_n by_o god_n himself_o and_o bestow_v by_o he_o upon_o the_o great_a and_o the_o best_a man_n only_o but_o alas_o though_o this_o part_n of_o courage_n be_v so_o necessary_a to_o mankind_n yet_o it_o be_v least_o regard_v because_o it_o be_v against_o the_o wild_a appetite_n and_o passion_n which_o be_v indulge_v by_o the_o other_o it_o have_v no_o noise_n pomp_n and_o ostentation_n which_o glitter_v splendid_o upon_o corrupt_a fancy_n but_o be_v calm_a easie_n regular_n and_o modest_a as_o all_o the_o step_v of_o virtue_n when_o guide_v by_o right_a reason_n be_v if_o this_o be_v a_o right_a account_n of_o courage_n then_o 3._o self-murder_n can_v be_v any_o genuine_a or_o natural_a effect_n of_o it_o in_o which_o of_o these_o sense_n soever_o we_o take_v it_o for_z 1._o that_o which_o make_v the_o difference_n between_o brutal_a and_o humane_a courage_n be_v reason_n and_o justice_n now_o self-murder_n have_v be_v show_v at_o large_a to_o be_v high_o against_o these_o to_o be_v a_o act_n of_o the_o great_a injustice_n and_o therefore_o in_o this_o regard_n can_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o courage_n as_o humane_a and_o rational_a nor_o can_v it_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o brutal_a courage_n proper_o so_o call_v because_o there_o be_v no_o beast_n
though_o never_o so_o remarkable_a for_o courage_n that_o ever_o destroy_v itself_o this_o will_v appear_v more_o plain_a if_o we_o consider_v 2._o the_o proper_a object_n of_o courage_n which_o be_v evil_a i_o will_v not_o stay_v to_o show_v here_o how_o often_o evil_n be_v false_o represent_v and_o magnisied_a or_o how_o many_o way_n it_o be_v mistake_v but_o suppose_v that_o to_o be_v real_o evil_a which_o man_n take_v to_o be_v so_o yet_o in_o the_o case_n of_o self-murder_n the_o soul_n instead_o of_o attacking_z or_o resist_v what_o it_o take_v to_o be_v evil_a fly_v away_o from_o it_o and_o therefore_o this_o act_n be_v no_o more_o a_o argument_n of_o true_a courage_n than_o the_o rush_n into_o a_o torrent_n the_o leap_v down_o a_o pit_n or_o precipice_n in_o a_o panic_n fright_v be_v so_o if_o courage_n be_v the_o attacking_z or_o resistance_n of_o evil_a as_o have_v be_v show_v than_o death_n must_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o evil_a before_o any_o man_n can_v be_v suppose_v to_o show_v his_o courage_n by_o kill_v himself_o for_o where_o there_o be_v no_o evil_a there_o can_v be_v no_o occasion_n for_o courage_n death_n can_v never_o be_v a_o evil_a but_o when_o life_n be_v casie_a and_o happy_a and_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o great_a good_a this_o make_v it_o so_o honourable_a for_o people_n of_o quality_n who_o abound_v in_o wealth_n and_o power_n and_o all_o such_o thing_n as_o make_v life_n desirable_a to_o hazard_v they_o for_o the_o public_a but_o to_o they_o that_o kill_v themselves_o life_n can_v seem_v good_a but_o evil_n and_o when_o life_n become_v a_o evil_a through_o great_a pain_n poverty_n disgrace_n etc._n etc._n then_o death_n must_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o good_a proportionable_o and_o if_o so_o there_o can_v be_v no_o courage_n in_o run_v to_o it_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o brave_a man_n when_o life_n become_v a_o evil_a to_o he_o not_o to_o fly_v to_o death_n but_o to_o turn_v head_n and_o engage_v with_o the_o misfortune_n of_o life_n for_o here_o lie_v the_o enemy_n as_o caesar_n tell_v his_o frighted_a soldier_n a_o unhappy_a life_n be_v the_o field_n for_o true_a courage_n and_o magnanimity_n whereas_o the_o kill_n of_o one_o self_n be_v plain_o to_o decline_v the_o combat_n to_o convey_v one_o self_n away_o out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o the_o eneny_n to_o pass_v from_o a_o state_n of_o misery_n into_o a_o state_n of_o ease_n or_o indolency_n at_o least_o as_o they_o suppose_v and_o this_o sure_a can_v be_v no_o great_a argument_n of_o courage_n that_o which_o be_v most_o apt_a to_o deceive_v people_n upon_o this_o account_n be_v the_o notion_n which_o the_o world_n general_o have_v of_o death_n as_o the_o great_a of_o all_o evil_n that_o it_o take_v we_o through_o a_o thousand_o pain_n and_o torture_n from_o our_o friend_n and_o relation_n our_o project_n and_o possession_n and_o all_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o the_o world_n all_o which_o terror_n be_v increase_v by_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o death_n of_o some_o dear_a friend_n or_o near_a relation_n for_o then_o humane_a nature_n start_v and_o tremble_v at_o the_o ghastly_a look_n and_o convulsion_n of_o expiration_n these_o be_v the_o thing_n which_o make_v people_n grow_v up_o in_o a_o detestation_n of_o death_n and_o this_o be_v still_o augment_v the_o more_o happy_a they_o be_v in_o their_o outward_a circumstance_n wherefore_o they_o who_o kill_v themselves_o may_v seem_v indeed_o to_o such_o people_n to_o have_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o courage_n because_o these_o run_v voluntary_o into_o that_o which_o they_o abhor_v as_o the_o worst_a of_o evil_n whereas_o the_o notion_n of_o life_n and_o death_n be_v quite_o contrary_a in_o such_o unfortunate_a creature_n it_o be_v some_o pain_n some_o discontent_n that_o drive_v they_o to_o this_o violence_n upon_o account_n of_o which_o death_n as_o i_o say_v before_o become_v the_o good_a and_o life_n the_o evil_a therefore_o as_o it_o will_v be_v true_a courage_n in_o health_n or_o prosperity_n to_o suffer_v death_n rather_o than_o commit_v a_o crime_n so_o in_o sickness_n or_o any_o adversity_n it_o will_v be_v the_o same_o to_o undergo_v life_n rather_o than_o be_v guilty_a of_o self-murder_n for_o he_o who_o part_n with_o life_n because_o he_o think_v himself_o unhappy_a part_n with_o nothing_o but_o what_o he_o be_v grieve_v withal_o he_o only_o lay_v down_o his_o burden_n quit_v his_o virtue_n his_o arm_n for_o fear_v of_o the_o enemy_n and_o where_o can_v be_v the_o courage_n of_o this_o even_o sardinapalus_n and_o nero_n can_v desert_n their_o station_n in_o this_o manner_n and_o why_o not_o with_o as_o much_o bravery_n as_o any_o other_o can_v pretend_v to_o in_o a_o word_n when_o the_o heart_n give_v way_n to_o evil_n and_o assliction_n when_o hope_n be_v go_v and_o despair_v enter_v man_n may_v make_v themselves_o away_o out_o of_o tenderness_n and_o softness_n there_o be_v little_a or_o no_o pain_n to_o be_v selt_z in_o voluntary_a death_n especial_o if_o man_n will_v take_v but_o as_o much_o care_n as_o brutus_n do_v to_o place_v the_o weapon_n right_a or_o as_o the_o emperor_n adrian_n to_o have_v the_o mortal_a place_n mark_v out_o exact_o what_o shall_v we_o say_v then_o that_o all_o man_n be_v coward_n that_o kill_v themselves_o no_o but_o that_o this_o particular_a act_n have_v natural_o more_o of_o cowardice_n than_o courage_n in_o it_o and_o be_v in_o those_o who_o have_v signalise_v their_o courage_n a_o act_n of_o revenge_n or_o indignation_n and_o therefore_o though_o some_o man_n of_o courage_n have_v kill_v themselves_o yet_o since_o the_o nature_n of_o courage_n consist_v in_o resist_v evil_a and_o self-murder_n be_v the_o fly_v from_o evil_n since_o many_o woman_n and_o slave_n many_o effeminate_a man_n and_o notorious_a coward_n many_o for_o ease_n or_o fear_v as_o our_o author_n himself_o confess_v have_v kill_v themselves_o self-murder_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o the_o natural_a effect_n of_o courage_n to_o confirm_v what_o have_v be_v say_v i_o shall_v call_v several_a person_n of_o unquestionable_a authority_n the_o character_n of_o hercules_n be_v certain_o perfect_a as_o to_o courage_n and_o yet_o euripides_n represent_v he_o in_o the_o great_a affliction_n that_o ever_o man_n can_v suffer_v through_o his_o own_o fault_n his_o wife_n and_o child_n lie_v murder_v round_o he_o by_o his_o own_o hand_n in_o his_o madness_n at_o first_o he_o have_v thought_n of_o kill_v himself_o but_o immediate_o he_o check_v himself_o with_o the_o consideration_n 4._o consideration_n eurip._n hercul_fw-la furens_fw-la act._n 4._o that_o he_o will_v not_o have_v his_o courage_n question_v by_o do_v so_o that_o whoever_o can_v bear_v great_a calamity_n will_v not_o dare_v to_o meet_v his_o enemy_n in_o the_o field_n wherefore_o he_o resolve_v to_o expect_v his_o death_n bold_o and_o not_o to_o force_v it_o upon_o himself_o 8._o himself_o apollon_n rhodius_n nicom_n lib_n 3._o cap._n 8._o another_o tell_v we_o that_o to_o die_v wilful_o for_o poverty_n love_n or_o any_o grievance_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v any_o sign_n of_o courage_n that_o it_o be_v mere_a cowardice_n for_o to_o avoid_v what_o be_v grievous_a be_v nothing_o but_o softness_n and_o esseminacy_n for_o no_o body_n choose_v such_o a_o death_n because_o it_o be_v honourable_a but_o because_o it_o free_v he_o from_o a_o evil_n which_o he_o can_v bear_v and_o to_o be_v so_o affect_v be_v cowardice_n 11._o cowardice_n quintus_fw-la curtius_n lib._n 5._o sect._n 11._o it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o brave_a man_n rather_o to_o despise_v death_n than_o hate_v life_n coward_n often_o undervalue_v their_o be_v only_o to_o avoid_v what_o be_v troublesome_a but_o true_a courage_n try_v all_o thing_n jud._n thing_n see_v â—…rot_n de_fw-fr j._n b._n &_o p._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 19_o sect_n 5._o beside_o these_o see_v josephus_n speech_n lib._n 3._o de_fw-fr bell._n jud._n let_v i_o add_v one_o more_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a nor_o become_v a_o man_n of_o courage_n to_o bend_v under_o his_o destiny_n and_o not_o embrace_v whatever_o happen_v undaunted_o but_o run_v poor_o away_o from_o it_o this_o be_v the_o great_a brutus_n who_o thus_o condemn_v cato_n death_n when_o cool_a and_o deliberate_a and_o before_o he_o doubt_v whether_o virtue_n be_v any_o thing_n but_o a_o airy_a name_n 7._o name_n sen._n theb._n act_n 1._o sect._n 1_o non_fw-fr est_fw-fr ut_fw-la putas_fw-la virtus_fw-la pater_fw-la timere_fw-la vitam_fw-la sed_fw-la malis_fw-la ingentibus_fw-la obstare_fw-la nec_fw-la se_fw-la vertere_fw-la &_o retro_n dare_v multos_fw-la in_o summa_fw-la pericula_fw-la misit_fw-la venturi_n timor_fw-la ipse_fw-la mali_fw-la fortislimus_fw-la ille_fw-la est_fw-la qui_fw-la promptus_fw-la metuenda_fw-la pati_fw-la si_fw-la cominus_fw-la instent_fw-la et_fw-la differe_fw-la potest_fw-la lucan_n lib._n 7
when_o he_o come_v to_o do_v so_o no_o wonder_n that_o he_o kill_v himself_o chap._n xiii_o of_o honour_n that_o this_o be_v twofold_a either_o inward_a a_o principle_n of_o virtue_n or_o outward_a the_o applause_n which_o follow_v upon_o it_o that_o neither_o of_o these_o can_v ever_o require_v self-muriher_n the_o mistake_v concern_v honour_n which_o occasion_n it_o objection_n answer_v the_o next_o pretence_n for_o self-murder_n be_v honour_n there_o be_v nothing_o i_o think_v that_o be_v more_o general_o pretend_v to_o than_o this_o except_v wit_n only_o and_o yet_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v as_o little_o understand_v as_o that_o honour_n people_n find_v be_v something_o that_o be_v commendable_a though_o what_o it_o be_v they_o can_v tell_v therefore_o every_o one_o be_v desirous_a to_o have_v their_o action_n pass_v for_o honourable_a the_o word_n be_v strain_v to_o as_o many_o signification_n as_o they_o have_v inclination_n often_o it_o be_v take_v for_o some_o particular_a quality_n which_o be_v think_v to_o belong_v more_o to_o one_o degree_n of_o man_n or_o to_o one_o sex_n than_o another_o thus_o in_o woman_n chastity_n be_v honour_n in_o man_n of_o high_a birth_n truth_n and_o justice_n in_o soldiers_z courage_n in_o tradesman_n punctual_a payment_n but_o since_o these_o several_a quality_n may_v be_v attend_v by_o great_a vice_n since_o these_o thing_n be_v true_o as_o commendable_a in_o one_o person_n as_o another_o and_o equal_o require_v in_o all_o people_n this_o be_v but_o a_o very_a imperfect_a account_n of_o honour_n for_o this_o must_v be_v something_o which_o concern_v all_o mankind_n and_o therefore_o humane_a nature_n itself_o must_v be_v consider_v before_o we_o can_v come_v to_o any_o knowledge_n of_o it_o the_o perfection_n of_o humane_a nature_n and_o the_o great_a end_n of_o humane_a life_n have_v be_v show_v to_o be_v the_o follow_v of_o reason_n by_o virtue_n therefore_o what_o i_o say_v of_o courage_n before_o must_v be_v say_v of_o honour_n now_o that_o the_o excellency_n of_o it_o consist_v in_o the_o promote_a of_o this_o end_n now_o though_o whatever_o be_v a_o hindrance_n to_o this_o be_v call_v by_o the_o general_a name_n of_o evil_a yet_o all_o evil_n do_v not_o appear_v in_o its_o own_o natural_a shape_n but_o often_o put_v on_o the_o form_n of_o good_a and_o so_o work_v and_o insinuate_v itself_o into_o man_n by_o his_o passion_n and_o appetite_n wherefore_o honour_n seem_v to_o be_v that_o principle_n whereby_o the_o soul_n be_v secure_v against_o both_o these_o kind_n of_o evil_a in_o the_o quiet_a pursuit_n of_o the_o end_n of_o life_n and_o thus_o perhaps_o it_o may_v be_v describe_v honour_n be_v a_o elevation_n of_o the_o soul_n upon_o the_o sense_n of_o its_o pre-eminence_n above_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o creation_n in_o regard_n to_o that_o great_a end_n of_o its_o be_v the_o follow_v of_o reason_n by_o virtue_n a_o firm_a resolution_n to_o observe_v it_o and_o agenerous_a disdaln_v of_o all_o pleasure_n or_o profit_n all_o loss_n or_o danger_n of_o whatever_o the_o world_n can_v promise_v or_o threaten_v of_o whatever_o be_v dreadful_a or_o delightful_a in_o comparison_n of_o do_v so_o so_o that_o this_o be_v the_o great_a excellency_n of_o man_n nature_n it_o be_v a_o spirit_n draw_v off_o from_o the_o noble_a part_n of_o humane_a reason_n it_o be_v that_o god_n within_o we_o as_o the_o stoic_n speak_v that_o divine_a power_n which_o direct_v man_n freewill_n follow_v he_o diligent_o through_o every_o part_n of_o his_o duty_n regulate_v his_o knowledge_n and_o his_o courage_n and_o hinder_v the_o one_o from_o fall_v into_o injury_n and_o the_o other_o into_o knavery_n 1._o this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o first_o and_o most_o important_a meaning_n of_o the_o word_n honour_n as_o it_o be_v a_o inward_a principle_n of_o action_n and_o depend_v whole_o upon_o one_o self_n 2._o there_o be_v another_o signification_n of_o this_o word_n honour_n as_o it_o depend_v upon_o other_o people_n and_o be_v something_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o reputation_n but_o above_o it_o reputation_n be_v esteem_v from_o suppose_a excellency_n when_o we_o say_v such_o a_o one_o be_v repute_v so_o and_o so_o honour_n be_v praise_n respect_n veneration_n upon_o a_o clear_a knowledge_n a_o certainty_n of_o such_o excellency_n and_o when_o this_o be_v give_v by_o many_o man_n it_o be_v call_v glory_n so_o that_o honour_n be_v twofold_a inward_a or_o outward_a but_o the_o last_o depend_v chiesly_a upon_o the_o person_n that_o be_v to_o bestow_v it_o the_o outward_a honour_n which_o be_v true_o valuable_a be_v the_o image_n of_o inward_a honour_n reflect_v back_o in_o the_o applause_n of_o good_a and_o wise_a man_n upon_o a_o man_n observe_v faithful_o the_o true_a end_n of_o life_n and_o make_v always_o a_o right_a use_n of_o those_o power_n by_o which_o he_o excel_v all_o other_o creature_n in_o follow_v impartial_a reason_n by_o steady_a virtue_n what_o ever_o danger_n threaten_v or_o pleasure_n slatter_v thus_o cicero_n who_o understand_v this_o very_a well_o though_o he_o be_v a_o little_a too_o forward_o to_o help_v himself_o to_o it_o tell_v we_o that_o glory_n which_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o honour_n though_o of_o a_o large_a extent_n be_v 3._o be_v gloria_fw-la est_fw-la solida_fw-la quaedam_fw-la res_fw-la &_o expressa_fw-la non_fw-la adumbrata_fw-la ca_fw-mi est_fw-la consentiens_fw-la laus_fw-la honorum_fw-la incorrupta_fw-la vox_fw-la bene_fw-la judicantium_fw-la de_fw-fr excellent_a virtute_fw-la tuscul._n quest._n lib._n 3._o something_o of_o substance_n like_o solid_a imagery_n not_o the_o slight_a shadow_v of_o fade_a colour_n it_o be_v the_o concurrent_a praise_n of_o good_a man_n the_o impartial_a verdict_n of_o such_o as_o be_v able_a judge_n of_o excellent_a virtue_n so_o that_o where_o there_o be_v excellent_a virtue_n for_o the_o foundation_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o where_o man_n be_v qualify_v with_o knowledge_n and_o integrity_n on_o the_o other_o the_o honour_n which_o be_v give_v by_o such_o be_v solid_a and_o last_a like_o the_o statue_n of_o the_o god_n and_o all_o other_o no_o better_a than_o the_o slight_a daub_v of_o fade_a colour_n which_o decay_v immediate_o but_o because_o the_o love_n of_o honour_n include_v the_o fear_n of_o dishonour_n and_o no_o man_n can_v be_v desirous_a of_o praise_n but_o he_o must_v have_v a_o proportionable_a aversion_n to_o disgrace_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a also_o to_o observe_v from_o whence_o this_o come_v this_o must_v be_v from_o act_v quite_o contrary_a to_o what_o be_v say_v above_o from_o forsake_v the_o true_a end_n of_o life_n from_o refuse_v to_o follow_v reason_n by_o virtue_n and_o desert_v it_o wilful_o to_o obey_v vice_n the_o result_n of_o this_o be_v first_o inward_a disgrace_n when_o the_o soul_n abhor_v itself_o and_o hate_v the_o sight_n of_o its_o own_o folly_n and_o this_o when_o know_v become_v outward_a disgrace_n which_o true_o consist_v in_o the_o concurrent_a dispraise_n of_o good_a man_n but_o then_o we_o shall_v take_v notice_n that_o though_o this_o be_v a_o great_a evil_n and_o though_o a_o man_n may_v happen_v to_o fall_v into_o it_o yet_o he_o may_v recover_v his_o reputation_n or_o honour_n again_o by_o take_v the_o contrary_a course_n and_o follow_v of_o his_o reason_n by_o virtue_n and_o that_o the_o soon_o because_o good_a man_n upon_o who_o verdict_n disgrace_n depend_v will_v be_v always_o ready_a to_o acquit_v other_o of_o blame_v upon_o reasonable_a ground_n and_o glad_a to_o believe_v and_o proclaim_v their_o change_n if_o this_o than_o be_v a_o account_n of_o honour_n how_o can_v it_o be_v pretend_v that_o it_o shall_v ever_o require_v a_o man_n to_o murder_n himself_o for_o first_o as_o to_o inward_a honour_n if_o this_o be_v a_o elevation_n of_o the_o soul_n raise_v upon_o a_o just_a sense_n of_o the_o advantage_n which_o man_n have_v above_o other_o creature_n in_o the_o power_n of_o knowledge_n and_o freewill_n and_o the_o excellent_a end_n which_o they_o be_v give_v for_o and_o if_o it_o be_v a_o firm_a resolution_n of_o pursue_v that_o end_n what_o can_v be_v more_o contradictory_n to_o this_o than_o self-murder_n what_o can_v it_o signify_v to_o man_n to_o have_v such_o preeminence_n nay_o to_o be_v make_v to_o any_o purpose_n at_o all_o if_o the_o noble_a principle_n in_o his_o nature_n shall_v teach_v he_o to_o decline_v that_o purpose_n if_o that_o which_o be_v place_v in_o he_o to_o support_v and_o improve_v his_o be_v shall_v require_v he_o not_o to_o be_v at_o all_o again_o if_o honour_n be_v the_o generous_a disdain_n of_o whatever_o be_v terrible_a or_o dangerous_a in_o the_o way_n to_o our_o perform_v the_o true_a end_n of_o life_n and_o if_o it_o be_v always_o in_o a_o good_a man_n power_n to_o perform_v this_o end_n what_o circumstance_n can_v be_v of_o such_o
this_o rich_a furniture_n all_o the_o wall_n here_o be_v hang_v with_o liberty_n do_v you_o see_v that_o iron_n chest_n there_o be_v liberty_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o do_v you_o remember_v such_o a_o diamond_n or_o such_o a_o locket_n in_o how_o small_a a_o compass_n do_v great_a liberty_n lie_v thou_fw-mi toil_n day_n and_o night_n to_o satisfy_v your_o creditor_n you_o must_v be_v a_o slave_n to_o the_o ingratitude_n of_o such_o a_o false_a friend_n or_o the_o extortion_n of_o this_o and_o that_o usurer_n when_o providence_n have_v place_v liberty_n so_o very_a near_o you_o that_o no_o more_o be_v require_v but_o to_o stretch_v out_o your_o hand_n to_o accept_v of_o it_o i_o do_v not_o doubt_v but_o this_o will_v seem_v very_o strange_a to_o any_o honest_a man_n and_o yet_o where_o thing_n be_v equal_o unsawful_a the_o case_n be_v the_o same_o humane_a life_n be_v god_n own_o propriety_n it_o be_v entrust_v to_o man_n only_o for_o a_o certain_a end_n and_o therefore_o he_o have_v no_o more_o liberty_n to_o destroy_v it_o than_o to_o break_v any_o trust_n or_o commit_v any_o act_n of_o injustice_n whatsoever_o and_o nature_n have_v put_v it_o into_o our_o power_n to_o go_v out_o of_o life_n when_o and_o how_o we_o please_v be_v no_o more_o a_o argument_n that_o we_o may_v lawful_o do_v so_o than_o her_o put_n it_o into_o our_o power_n to_o steal_v ravish_v or_o murder_v any_o one_o else_o there_o must_v certain_o then_o be_v some_o great_a mistake_v in_o this_o matter_n and_o therefore_o in_o order_n to_o discover_v they_o and_o show_v how_o inconsistent_a self-murder_n be_v with_o true_a liberty_n if_o right_o understand_v let_v we_o suppose_v this_o pretence_n to_o be_v draw_v up_o in_o this_o or_o the_o like_a manner_n liberty_n be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o glorious_a attribute_n of_o god_n man_n be_v say_v to_o be_v like_o god_n in_o respect_n of_o this_o particular_o and_o therefore_o nothing_o ought_v to_o be_v more_o dear_a to_o he_o than_o his_o liberty_n if_o this_o be_v so_o then_o when_o this_o liberty_n be_v lose_v by_o any_o great_a calamity_n it_o must_v be_v extreme_a cowardice_n or_o extreme_a dulness_n to_o drag_v about_o a_o decrepit_a body_n or_o a_o afflict_a mind_n and_o to_o choose_v to_o continue_v poor_o under_o this_o slavery_n when_o god_n and_o nature_n still_o leave_v he_o so_o much_o liberty_n as_o to_o set_v his_o soul_n free_a whenever_o he_o please_v observe_v the_o word_n liberty_n here_o be_v a_o very_a doubtful_a term_n have_v several_a signification_n the_o use_n of_o which_o promiscuous_o occasion_n great_a obscurity_n and_o confusion_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a advantage_n of_o this_o pretence_n sometime_o it_o signify_v that_o liberty_n which_o man_n have_v over_o his_o own_o action_n by_o the_o freedom_n of_o his_o will_n sometime_o it_o signify_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o body_n as_o well_o as_o the_o mind_n and_o these_o two_o as_o likewise_o the_o slavery_n which_o regard_v each_o of_o these_o be_v often_o use_v the_o one_o for_o the_o other_o sometime_o again_o liberty_n signify_v some_o authority_n or_o power_n which_o man_n be_v suppose_v to_o have_v to_o destroy_v himself_o in_o some_o particular_a circumstance_n though_o he_o be_v tie_v up_o in_o all_o other_o last_o it_o signify_v that_o ease_n or_o freedom_n from_o any_o trouble_n grief_n or_o pain_n which_o the_o soul_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v let_v out_o into_o by_o self-murder_n according_a to_o which_o several_a signification_n i_o will_v consider_v 1._o that_o liberty_n which_o be_v derive_v from_o god_n to_o man_n in_o what_o respect_v man_n be_v like_o god_n in_o the_o freedom_n of_o his_o will_n and_o as_o to_o the_o power_n which_o he_o have_v over_o his_o own_o action_n and_o show_v that_o self-murder_n be_v not_o warrant_v by_o such_o liberty_n 2._o i_o will_v show_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o liberty_n and_o slavery_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o body_n and_o inquire_v whether_o any_o evil_a which_o oppress_v the_o body_n can_v be_v destructive_a to_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o soul_n 3._o that_o no_o man_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o any_o calamity_n particular_o upon_o account_n of_o any_o extreme_a sickness_n or_o pain_n have_v any_o liberty_n or_o authority_n to_o destroy_v himself_o 4._o that_o by_o so_o do_v the_o soul_n instead_o of_o enjoy_v any_o liberty_n will_v fall_v into_o a_o state_n of_o utmost_a slavery_n i._o as_o to_o the_o liberty_n which_o be_v derive_v from_o god_n to_o man_n it_o be_v say_v that_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o glorious_a attribute_n of_o god_n and_o that_o in_o this_o respect_n it_o be_v that_o man_n be_v particular_o like_o he_o god_n be_v absolute_o free_a for_o he_o be_v infinite_a infinity_o must_v be_v perfect_a liberty_n because_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o free_a than_o that_o which_o have_v no_o bound_n and_o yet_o the_o liberty_n of_o infinite_a power_n be_v always_o attend_v with_o infinite_a wisdom_n and_o infinite_a goodness_n without_o these_o almighty_a liberty_n will_v be_v only_o dreadful_a but_o these_o make_v it_o the_o ground_n of_o our_o trust_n and_o confidence_n and_o render_v it_o adorable_a wherefore_o if_o we_o consider_v god_n not_o only_o in_o his_o essenoe_n but_o also_o in_o his_o work_n since_o every_o work_n of_o he_o must_v be_v to_o some_o excellent_a end_n or_o other_o the_o mean_v he_o huse_v to_o act_n by_o must_v also_o be_v most_o excellent_a and_o that_o particular_a kind_n of_o method_n if_o i_o may_v so_o speak_v which_o he_o observe_v for_o the_o bring_v what_o he_o intend_v to_o pass_v must_v be_v a_o kind_n of_o rule_n or_o law_n to_o he_o he_o can_v do_v otherwise_o than_o he_o do_v because_o what_o he_o do_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o infinite_a wisdom_n measure_v by_o the_o rectitude_n of_o his_o own_o perfection_n and_o therefore_o always_o best_o yet_o this_o set_v no_o bound_n to_o his_o liberty_n because_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o he_o shall_v ever_o will_v to_o do_v otherwise_o than_o only_o just_a as_o he_o do_v and_o he_o who_o always_o do_v whatever_o he_o will_v must_v remain_v always_o free_n but_o man_n liberty_n be_v very_o different_a as_o he_o be_v a_o finite_a creature_n it_o can_v be_v perfect_a only_o according_a to_o its_o measure_n and_o that_o measure_n must_v be_v proportionable_a to_o his_o particular_a nature_n now_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n consist_v of_o a_o rational_a soul_n and_o body_n his_o liberty_n therefore_o must_v be_v twofold_a that_o which_o regard_v the_o soul_n or_o that_o which_o regard_v the_o body_n as_o to_o the_o first_o which_o be_v our_o present_a subject_n this_o must_v be_v according_a to_o the_o chief_a faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n knowledge_n and_o will_n man_n will_v be_v free_a it_o have_v the_o full_a power_n or_o liberty_n to_o act_n without_o any_o necessity_n or_o compulsion_n but_o since_o this_o will_n can_v act_v only_o according_a to_o what_o man_n know_v it_o be_v impossible_a that_o any_o one_o shall_v will_v any_o thing_n whereof_o he_o have_v no_o knowledge_n the_o extent_n of_o humane_a liberty_n must_v be_v proportionable_a to_o humane_a knowledge_n again_o the_o object_n of_o humane_a knowledge_n as_o it_o concern_v man_n action_n be_v moral_a good_a or_o evil_a and_o the_o freedom_n of_o man_n will_n lie_v in_o choose_v the_o one_o and_o refuse_v the_o other_o now_o â—…ince_n humane_a knowledge_n be_v not_o only_o of_o small_a extent_n but_o liable_a to_o error_n and_o to_o mistake_v good_a and_o evil_a since_o also_o there_o be_v several_a passion_n and_o appetite_n which_o be_v apt_a to_o further_o this_o mistake_n god_n have_v sixth_o such_o principle_n in_o man_n as_o represent_v the_o method_n of_o his_o own_o act_n and_o be_v self_n evident_a whereâ—…ore_a man_n likeness_n unto_o god_n do_v not_o consist_v in_o the_o boundleâ—…s_n liberty_n of_o his_o will_n but_o in_o his_o will_n be_v conformable_a to_o the_o will_n of_o god_n and_o then_o be_v his_o will_n chief_o so_o when_o it_o concur_v with_o those_o first_o principle_n or_o law_n of_o nature_n abovementioned_a that_o be_v follow_v ready_o his_o reason_n by_o virtue_n yet_o still_o this_o be_v no_o lessen_v or_o restrain_v of_o man_n natural_a liberty_n infinite_a liberty_n observe_v some_o measure_n for_o the_o attain_v the_o end_n of_o infinite_a wisdom_n the_o measure_n which_o be_v here_o give_v to_o man_n to_o walk_v by_o be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o they_o â—…re_v the_o mark_n and_o bound_n of_o what_o be_v fit_a and_o just_a they_o represent_v the_o method_n of_o god_n own_o act_v as_o i_o say_v before_o and_o good_a method_n always_o promote_v the_o end_v it_o be_v concern_v about_o it_o be_v the_o near_a and_o the_o plain_a way_n to_o it_o and_o therefore_o will_v be_v the_o choice_n of_o
to_o that_o in_o particular_a 1._o since_o god_n himself_o who_o be_v absolute_o free_a chooses_z to_o act_v always_o according_a to_o some_o method_n which_o be_v a_o rule_n to_o himself_o the_o same_o with_o right_n and_o eternal_a reason_n and_o yet_o his_o liberty_n be_v not_o prejudice_v by_o act_v so_o then_o although_o man_n be_v oblige_v to_o act_v by_o some_o rule_n law_n or_o principle_n yet_o since_o they_o issue_v out_o from_o the_o same_o fountain_n of_o eternal_a reason_n this_o be_v not_o any_o prejudice_n to_o his_o natural_a liberty_n 2._o since_o it_o have_v be_v prove_v that_o these_o be_v some_o of_o those_o rule_n viz._n that_o the_o end_n for_o which_o a_o creature_n be_v make_v or_o have_v life_n give_v he_o aught_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o god_n propriety_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v desiroy_v that_o whatever_o may_v prove_v destructive_a to_o civil_a society_n aught_o to_o be_v avoid_v and_o since_o the_o kill_n of_o one_o self_n have_v be_v prove_v to_o be_v a_o direct_a breach_n of_o every_o one_o of_o these_o rule_n than_o it_o follow_v that_o man_n natural_a of_o liberty_n can_v be_v no_o just_a 〈◊〉_d for_o self-murder_n the_o same_o argument_n will_v serve_v also_o against_o all_o unwarrantable_a hazard_n of_o life_n and_o run_v into_o great_a and_o unnecessary_a danger_n especial_o by_o duel_v likewise_o against_o all_o vice_n of_o excess_n and_o intemperance_n which_o concern_v a_o man_n own_o person_n only_o seem_v to_o be_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o his_o natural_a liberty_n ii_o in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o be_o to_o show_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o liberty_n and_o slavery_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o body_n and_o whether_o any_o evil_a that_o oppress_v the_o body_n can_v be_v destructive_a to_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o soul_n as_o man_n consist_v of_o a_o soul_n and_o body_n his_o liberty_n must_v be_v consider_v in_o relation_n to_o both_o man_n liberty_n as_o to_o his_o soul_n or_o mind_n consist_v in_o the_o free_a use_n of_o its_o faculty_n understanding_n and_o will_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o be_v just_a now_o show_v his_o slavery_n as_o to_o his_o mind_n consist_v in_o the_o lose_v the_o free_a use_n of_o these_o and_o in_o their_o subjection_n to_o irregular_a passion_n and_o appetriâ—…es_n man_n liberty_n as_o to_o his_o body_n consist_v in_o the_o free_a use_n of_o its_o power_n as_o to_z motion_n and_o sensation_n and_o his_o slavery_n as_o to_o this_o in_o the_o abridgement_n of_o this_o motion_n or_o in_o its_o be_v at_o another_o disposal_n in_o the_o decay_n of_o sensation_n or_o in_o its_o become_a grievous_a to_o he_o in_o pain_n and_o torture_n scipionis_fw-la *_o vid._n somnium_fw-la scipionis_fw-la now_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o dignity_n of_o humane_a nature_n man_n liberty_n must_v depend_v upon_o the_o mind_n chiesly_a for_o when_o all_o be_v do_v the_o mind_n be_v the_o man_n mens_fw-la cujusque_fw-la be_v est_fw-la cuique_fw-la the_o body_n be_v but_o of_o very_a small_a consideration_n in_o comparison_n of_o the_o other_o the_o body_n may_v be_v enslave_v without_o a_o man_n be_v own_o salt_n it_o be_v liable_a to_o outward_a force_n as_o well_o as_o inward_a decay_n of_o nature_n but_o still_o the_o mind_n may_v continue_v free_a this_o can_v be_v enslave_v but_o by_o a_o man_n be_v own_o fault_n and_o when_o it_o be_v so_o its_o liberty_n may_v be_v recover_v again_o if_o the_o person_n please_v and_o therefore_o there_o can_v be_v no_o occasion_n of_o self-murder_n upon_o this_o account_n plotinus_n 13._o plotinus_n apud_fw-la macâ—…obium_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 13._o give_v admirable_a directious_a in_o this_o case_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o therâ—…_n be_v two_o kind_n of_o death_n a_o philosophical_a and_o a_o natural_a one_o that_o the_o first_o be_v in_o our_o power_n but_o not_o the_o latter_a that_o if_o man_n will_v be_v free_a from_o any_o evil_n of_o life_n they_o may_v be_v so_o by_o die_v philosophical_o and_o this_o say_v he_o be_v the_o only_a voluntary_a death_n that_o be_v commendable_a that_o which_o we_o bring_v ourselves_o to_o by_o reason_n not_o by_o poison_n by_o prudaence_n not_o by_o any_o weapon_n as_o to_o that_o part_n of_o the_o question_n whether_o any_o evil_a that_o oppress_v the_o body_n may_v be_v destructive_a to_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o mind_n this_o have_v be_v in_o part_n answer_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o mind_n consist_v in_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n some_o evil_n of_o the_o body_n as_o extreme_a pain_n and_o sickness_n may_v destroy_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n and_o cause_n madness_n and_o then_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v destroy_v indeed_o but_o while_o reason_n remain_v liberty_n must_v remain_v also_o the_o mind_n can_v be_v enslave_v though_o beset_v by_o various_a evil_n till_o it_o base_o surrender_v up_o to_o they_o no_o more_o than_o a_o city_n be_v enslave_v when_o it_o be_v only_o besiege_v and_o defend_v itself_o valiant_o nay_o not_o so_o much_o since_o the_o avenue_n of_o reason_n in_o those_o who_o be_v adult_v especial_o can_v be_v shut_v up_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o great_a the_o evil_n be_v which_o beset_v the_o body_n the_o more_o may_v the_o mind_n enlarge_v its_o liberty_n by_o the_o practise_n of_o several_a virtue_n which_o it_o will_v not_o have_v have_v the_o opportunity_n of_o exercise_v otherwise_o all_o virtue_n be_v the_o different_a way_n of_o the_o soul_n exert_v its_o power_n according_a to_o the_o dictate_v of_o right_a reason_n wherefore_o if_o the_o evil_n of_o the_o body_n give_v it_o great_a opportunity_n to_o exert_v this_o power_n and_o require_v withal_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v exert_v with_o great_a strength_n and_o vigour_n then_o these_o evil_n will_v be_v so_o far_o from_o abridge_n its_o liberty_n that_o they_o will_v rather_o enlarge_v it_o for_o the_o more_o virtue_n be_v have_v to_o practice_n the_o more_o different_a way_n must_v it_o have_v to_o move_v in_o the_o wide_a must_v its_o range_n and_o compass_n be_v and_o consequent_o the_o great_a its_o liberty_n and_o as_o to_o the_o case_n of_o extreme_a pain_n in_o particular_a which_o be_v so_o common_o plead_v upon_o this_o occasion_n the_o liberty_n of_o the_o body_n indeed_o may_v be_v lose_v it_o may_v be_v confine_v 〈◊〉_d and_o torture_v by_o tyrant_n or_o discase_n but_o unless_o this_o shall_v cause_v madness_n it_o will_v not_o destroy_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o mind_n it_o must_v be_v confess_v the_o union_n of_o the_o body_n and_o mind_n be_v very_o close_o and_o all_o perception_n end_v in_o the_o soul_n and_o therefore_o the_o pain_n of_o the_o body_n may_v be_v very_o grievous_a to_o it_o but_o though_o very_o grievous_a yet_o rare_o to_o such_o a_o degree_n as_o to_o prove_v destructive_a to_o its_o reason_n extreme_a pain_n be_v the_o true_a test_n of_o a_o great_a and_o upright_a mind_n but_o although_o it_o may_v force_v a_o man_n to_o lament_v it_o need_v not_o to_o rebel_n it_o may_v affect_v he_o with_o sorrow_n but_o not_o cast_v he_o down_o into_o despair_n and_o where_o reason_n struggle_v faithful_o to_o retain_v its_o power_n courage_n honour_n justice_n constancy_n and_o great_a example_n will_v be_v call_v in_o to_o help_v to_o resist_v what_o be_v sensitive_a evil_n rather_o than_o a_o good_a man_n shall_v fall_v into_o what_o be_v moral_o so_o rather_o than_o he_o shall_v be_v guilty_a of_o a_o unjust_a action_n to_o fly_v from_o pain_n when_o this_o be_v only_a coâ—…ardise_n and_o weakness_n though_o colour_v over_o with_o the_o plausible_a name_n of_o liberty_n when_o pain_n be_v increase_v to_o such_o a_o degree_n as_o to_o destroy_v reason_n the_o dispute_n be_v at_o a_o end_n but_o let_v man_n have_v a_o care_n lest_o they_o shall_v fancy_v or_o grant_v themselves_o to_o be_v mad_a only_o through_o impatience_n and_o indulge_v passion_n and_o then_o afterward_o make_v use_n of_o their_o reason_n to_o contrive_v their_o self-destruction_n if_o you_o cry_v out_o as_o it_o be_v usual_a that_o the_o pain_n be_v too_o great_a to_o be_v endure_v that_o you_o can_v possible_o bear_v so_o much_o torture_v what_o do_v you_o mean_v by_o this_o that_o it_o will_v kill_v you_o or_o that_o you_o have_v not_o strength_n and_o patience_n to_o undergo_v it_o if_o it_o will_v kill_v you_o what_o need_v of_o self-murder_n the_o more_o violent_a the_o pain_n be_v the_o more_o short_a will_v it_o be_v and_o if_o a_o tyrant_n inslict_v it_o how_o much_o better_a be_v it_o as_o good_a darius_n say_v 12._o say_v forsitan_fw-la mireris_fw-la quod_fw-la vitam_fw-la non_fw-la siniam_fw-la alicno_fw-la scelere_fw-la quam_fw-la meo_fw-la mori_fw-la malo_fw-la q._n curtius_n lib._n 5._o cap._n 12._o to_o die_v by_o another_o wickedness_n than_o by_o your_o own_o if_o you_o mean_v the_o latter_a trust_v nature_n
she_o will_v assist_v you_o to_o bear_v pain_n be_v always_o most_o acute_a when_o new_a the_o power_n of_o sensation_n be_v blunt_v by_o degree_n by_o their_o object_n press_v too_o violent_o upon_o they_o and_o continual_a labour_n under_o pain_n will_v harden_v the_o sense_n of_o feel_v and_o deaden_a perception_n no_o one_o can_v know_v his_o strength_n unless_o he_o will_v try_v it_o the_o force_n of_o deliberate_a and_o well_o weight_v resolution_n be_v incredible_a and_o have_v support_v the_o weak_a and_o the_o guilty_a in_o the_o most_o dreadful_a torment_n shall_v woman_n be_v able_a to_o suffer_v so_o much_o in_o childbirth_n can_v the_o spartan_a boy_n bear_v whip_v to_o death_n before_o their_o altar_n without_o a_o groan_n nay_o have_v the_o great_a villain_n mock_v their_o executioner_n can_v such_o a_o wretch_n as_o ravillac_n or_o he_o that_o shoot_v one_o of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n smile_v amid_o all_o the_o artisices_n of_o torture_n and_o shall_v not_o innocence_n and_o virtue_n be_v able_a to_o support_v a_o good_a man_n under_o the_o ordinary_a calamity_n incident_a to_o humane_a nature_n if_o submission_n to_o providence_n perseverance_n in_o duty_n constancy_n and_o patience_n be_v virtue_n when_o be_v these_o to_o be_v practise_v unless_o in_o extremity_n but_o it_o may_v be_v say_v the_o disease_n be_v incurable_a the_o pain_n be_v without_o intermission_n and_o therefore_o what_o good_a can_v a_o man_n do_v by_o suffer_v on_o but_o only_o expose_v humane_a nature_n and_o render_v it_o contemptible_a not_o at_o all_o but_o rather_o quite_o contrary_a who_o can_v pronounce_v a_o disease_n like_a to_o last_v incurable_a and_o how_o oft_o have_v the_o best_a physician_n be_v deceive_v in_o this_o matter_n and_o as_o to_o intermission_n suppose_v there_o shall_v be_v none_o where_o the_o pain_n be_v intermit_a constancy_n and_o patience_n must_v be_v intermit_a too_o and_o return_v only_o by_o fit_n as_o the_o distemper_n do_v but_o when_o the_o pain_n be_v continual_a virtue_n be_v continual_a also_o and_o yet_o not_o in_o danger_n of_o be_v long_o upon_o duty_n because_o extreme_a continual_a pain_n will_v quick_o dissolve_v nature_n and_o discharge_v the_o soul_n and_o this_o consideration_n may_v be_v sufficient_a to_o support_v a_o man_n under_o such_o circumstance_n without_o diogenes_n dagger_n to_o give_v he_o liberty_n for_o if_o the_o soul_n be_v imprison_v and_o enslave_v when_o in_o a_o torture_a or_o disease_a body_n then_o let_v it_o look_v upon_o every_o pain_n as_o a_o step_n towards_o its_o freedom_n as_o the_o burst_n of_o some_o chain_n or_o the_o fall_n off_o of_o some_o fetter_n and_o as_o every_o limb_n grow_v weak_a and_o every_o sense_n decay_v let_v it_o collect_v its_o source_n cheerful_o and_o rejoice_v at_o these_o happy_a beginning_n of_o laâ—…ful_a and_o eternal_a liberty_n and_o as_o to_o 〈◊〉_d this_o be_v not_o worth_a consideration_n in_o comparison_n of_o one_o duty_n yet_o a_o good_a man_n need_v not_o fear_v it_o he_o will_v rather_o do_v credit_n to_o humane_a nature_n than_o expose_v it_o by_o his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d seneca_n say_v he_o will_v not_o leave_v his_o body_n but_o when_o it_o begin_v to_o assect_v his_o mind_n and_o then_o he_o well_o jump_v out_o of_o it_o 〈◊〉_d from_o a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d â—…ouse_n this_o be_v a_o very_a low_a thought_n and_o will_v not_o be_v pardonable_a but_o that_o he_o make_v some_o amends_o for_o it_o in_o another_o place_n helviam_fw-la place_n de_fw-fr consol._n ad_fw-la helviam_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o he_o who_o be_v great_a before_o he_o fall_v be_v not_o the_o less_o great_a for_o be_v fall_v but_o be_v as_o far_o from_o contempt_n as_o the_o ruin_n of_o temple_n be_v which_o the_o religious_a adore_v as_o much_o as_o when_o they_o be_v stand_v though_o holy_a temple_n yield_v to_o time_n yet_o they_o can_v crush_v the_o god_n that_o be_v worship_v in_o they_o by_o their_o fall_n no_o more_o can_v a_o decay_a body_n oppress_v a_o upright_a mind_n and_o while_o the_o mind_n be_v not_o oppress_v it_o can_v be_v contemptible_a there_o be_v a_o beauty_n in_o constancy_n and_o fortitude_n which_o shine_v through_o all_o the_o deformity_n of_o death_n for_o at_o such_o time_n it_o be_v not_o the_o body_n but_o the_o soul_n that_o be_v to_o be_v regard_v and_o therefore_o what_o if_o the_o body_n be_v pale_a weak_a and_o waste_v away_o yet_o if_o the_o mind_n continue_v the_o same_o unshaken_a and_o undaunted_a all_o the_o sign_n of_o outward_a decay_n be_v but_o the_o mark_n of_o inward_a virtue_n the_o trophy_n of_o the_o soul_n strength_n and_o victory_n and_o more_o proper_a to_o cause_v admiration_n than_o contempt_n which_o of_o scaevola_n arm_n will_v a_o ancient_a roman_a have_v reckon_v most_o comely_a that_o which_o be_v shrivel_a up_o lame_a and_o deform_a with_o scar_n or_o that_o which_o be_v whole_a and_o strong_a sure_o brawny_a limb_n and_o a_o good_a complexion_n be_v not_o essential_a to_o virtue_n nay_o even_o the_o last_o minute_n of_o a_o great_a man_n shall_v be_v beneficial_a the_o very_a sight_n of_o his_o calamity_n shall_v be_v full_a of_o instruction_n so_o that_o while_o he_o have_v breath_n he_o shall_v never_o be_v past_o do_v good_a all_o the_o excellent_a modern_a building_n of_o italy_n if_o i_o may_v use_v this_o allusion_n once_o more_o be_v owe_v to_o a_o few_o remain_v of_o the_o ancient_a roman_a structure_n which_o notwithstanding_o the_o injury_n of_o many_o year_n and_o many_o devastation_n retain_v still_o some_o thing_n of_o their_o former_a beauty_n and_o magnisicence_n the_o same_o use_n may_v be_v make_v of_o the_o decay_n of_o great_a man_n in_o extreme_a age_n or_o pain_n or_o sickness_n they_o be_v not_o indeed_o what_o they_o be_v but_o still_o they_o be_v more_o than_o other_o be_v what_o be_v leave_v be_v regular_a and_o great_a and_o sufficient_a to_o form_v in_o we_o a_o idea_n of_o what_o be_v lose_v and_o to_o teach_v we_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o proportion_n to_o improve_v ourselves_o according_o but_o a_o great_a and_o good_a man_n example_n be_v as_o necessary_a in_o death_n as_o life_n we_o be_v to_o study_v as_o much_o how_o to_o die_v as_o how_o to_o live_v where_o then_o can_v we_o receive_v so_o much_o instruction_n for_o this_o purpose_n as_o in_o the_o death_n of_o such_o man_n and_o if_o so_o when_o can_v they_o be_v ever_o past_o do_v good_a but_o i_o will_v not_o insist_v far_o upon_o this_o let_v the_o stoic_n who_o be_v the_o great_a defender_n of_o self-murder_n be_v judge_n in_o this_o matter_n if_o we_o look_v into_o their_o write_n we_o shall_v find_v it_o inculcate_v continual_o the_o pain_n of_o the_o body_n can_v never_o have_v any_o influence_n upon_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o mind_n that_o their_o wise_a man_n be_v above_o the_o take_a notice_n of_o any_o outward_a evil_n that_o he_o be_v at_o perfect_a ease_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o torture_n nay_o they_o reckon_v it_o no_o less_o than_o a_o crime_n to_o own_o the_o least_o sense_n of_o pain_n and_o indeed_o grant_v more_o in_o that_o respect_n than_o we_o desire_v and_o yet_o after_o all_o make_v pain_n by_o a_o strange_a contradiction_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a cause_n of_o self-murder_n 〈◊〉_d the_o next_o thing_n which_o i_o propose_v to_o speak_v to_o be_v whether_o any_o man_n upon_o account_n of_o extreme_a aâ—…iction_n especial_o pain_n or_o sickness_n have_v liberty_n or_o authority_n to_o destroy_v himself_o not_o only_o the_o stoic_n heretofore_o but_o some_o other_o since_o have_v be_v incline_v to_o think_v that_o he_o have_v thus_o one_o tell_v we_o 3._o we_o mont._n lib._n 2._o chap._n 3._o god_n give_v we_o leave_v enough_o to_o part_v with_o life_n when_o he_o be_v please_v to_o reduce_v we_o to_o such_o a_o condition_n that_o to_o live_v be_v far_o worse_a than_o to_o die_v the_o rule_n which_o be_v here_o give_v whereby_o we_o be_v to_o judge_v when_o we_o have_v this_o leave_n be_v when_o god_n be_v please_v to_o reduce_v we_o to_o such_o a_o condition_n that_o to_o live_v be_v far_o worse_a than_o to_o die_v but_o this_o will_v be_v find_v very_o insussicient_a to_o this_o purpose_n if_o we_o examine_v the_o particular_n it_o suppose_v these_o two_o thing_n 1._o that_o there_o may_v be_v some_o condition_n of_o life_n far_o worse_o than_o death_n 2._o that_o it_o be_v god_n that_o reduce_v the_o sufferer_n to_o such_o a_o condition_n as_o to_o the_o first_o before_o we_o can_v compare_v thing_n right_o we_o must_v understand_v exact_o the_o term_n by_o which_o they_o be_v represent_v life_n as_o humane_a imply_v the_o union_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o body_n death_n be_v the_o dissolution_n of_o that_o union_n the_o condition_n of_o life_n which_o be_v suppose_v here_o
and_o the_o best_a soul_n disturb_v into_o madness_n all_o this_o be_v true_a but_o the_o question_n be_v not_o whether_o a_o man_n may_v not_o lose_v his_o reason_n through_o extreme_a pain_n if_o it_o be_v it_o will_v be_v ready_o grant_v but_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o a_o man_n have_v any_o liberty_n give_v he_o to_o destroy_v himself_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o extreme_a pain_n while_o his_o reason_n still_o remain_v this_o i_o suppose_v he_o have_v not_o for_o the_o reason_n above_o mention_v nay_o madness_n itself_o have_v not_o this_o liberty_n for_o if_o a_o madman_n kill_v himself_o he_o be_v not_o excusable_a upon_o account_n of_o any_o liberty_n which_o he_o have_v to_o do_v so_o more_o than_o other_o people_n but_o because_o he_o know_v not_o what_o he_o do_v nor_o be_v these_o paper_n design_v for_o the_o perusal_n of_o people_n in_o extreme_a pain_n but_o rather_o for_o those_o in_o perfect_a health_n to_o prepare_v they_o if_o perhaps_o they_o be_v capable_a of_o do_v so_o to_o undergo_v it_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v their_o lot_n and_o if_o they_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v convince_v when_o they_o be_v in_o health_n that_o self-murder_n be_v unlawful_a even_o in_o extreme_a pain_n this_o will_v influence_n their_o mind_n when_o they_o come_v to_o suffer_v it_o they_o will_v not_o venture_v to_o do_v what_o they_o be_v once_o satisfy_v be_v unlawful_a though_o they_o be_v not_o then_o able_a to_o run_v through_o the_o several_a particular_n upon_o which_o their_o conviction_n be_v ground_v the_o last_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n liberty_n be_v that_o ease_n which_o the_o soul_n enjoy_v after_o it_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o body_n in_o relation_n to_o which_o i_o be_o to_o show_v iu._n that_o as_o man_n have_v no_o liberty_n or_o authority_n grant_v he_o to_o destroy_v himself_o upon_o account_n of_o extreme_a pain_n or_o sickness_n so_o if_o he_o presume_v to_o put_v this_o in_o execution_n to_o obtain_v ease_n or_o liberty_n the_o soul_n instead_o of_o enjoy_v any_o such_o liberty_n will_v fall_v into_o a_o state_n of_o great_a slavery_n this_o will_v require_v the_o make_n out_o these_o two_o thing_n 1._o that_o there_o will_v be_v another_o state_n after_o the_o separation_n of_o the_o soul_n from_o the_o body_n wherein_o it_o shall_v be_v accountable_a for_o its_o action_n and_o as_o they_o be_v good_a or_o bad_a be_v reward_v or_o punish_v according_o 2._o that_o self-murder_n be_v one_o of_o the_o worst_a crime_n shall_v be_v liable_a to_o a_o proportionable_a punishment_n the_o first_o of_o these_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o state_n etc._n etc._n be_v very_o seldom_o deny_v by_o those_o who_o acknowledge_v the_o be_v of_o a_o god_n and_o be_v ready_o grant_v nay_o vigorous_o maintain_v by_o the_o gentleman_n with_o who_o i_o have_v be_v chies_o concern_v however_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o complete_n of_o this_o design_n to_o offer_v some_o argument_n for_o the_o proof_n of_o it_o and_o to_o remove_v some_o objection_n which_o be_v usual_o make_v against_o it_o yet_o what_o shall_v be_v do_v to_o this_o purpose_n shall_v be_v only_o what_o may_v be_v natural_o draw_v from_o those_o principle_n which_o i_o lay_v down_o at_o the_o beginning_n for_o if_o those_o be_v true_a than_o this_o will_v follow_v of_o course_n if_o there_o be_v a_o god_n who_o reserve_v to_o himself_o the_o propriety_n of_o humane_a life_n the_o supreme_a and_o absolute_a dominion_n over_o we_o if_o life_n be_v impart_v and_o continue_v to_o man_n for_o a_o particular_a end_n and_o if_o rule_n and_o law_n be_v give_v he_o for_o the_o pursue_v and_o obtain_v that_o end_n if_o theâ—…e_a law_n may_v be_v break_v here_o unpunished_a and_o a_o man_n become_v the_o more_o unhappy_a the_o more_o faithful_o he_o observe_v they_o if_o a_o man_n be_v capable_a of_o do_v more_o good_a than_o he_o can_v receive_v a_o adequate_a reward_n for_o in_o this_o life_n and_o if_o he_o be_v capable_a of_o commit_v more_o evil_a than_o he_o can_v receive_v a_o full_a punishment_n for_o if_o those_o faculty_n which_o give_v he_o this_o capacity_n and_o which_o distinguish_v he_o from_o all_o other_o creature_n suggest_v to_o he_o natural_o reward_v and_o punishment_n and_o fill_v he_o with_o hope_n and_o fear_n according_o than_o it_o will_v be_v allow_v by_o any_o sensible_a and_o unprejudiced_a person_n that_o it_o do_v appear_v even_o by_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n that_o there_o must_v be_v such_o a_o state_n hereafter_o let_v we_o consider_v each_o of_o these_o reason_n a_o little_a more_o particular_o 1._o as_o to_o that_o propriety_n which_o god_n reserve_v to_o himself_o over_o humane_a life_n that_o absolute_a dominion_n which_o he_o hold_v and_o exercise_n over_o man_n this_o consider_v withal_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n be_v a_o argument_n that_o he_o will_v take_v a_o account_n of_o his_o action_n hereafter_o it_o be_v true_a all_o other_o creature_n owe_v their_o be_v and_o preservation_n to_o god_n as_o well_o as_o man_n and_o be_v as_o much_o subject_n to_o his_o dominion_n as_o he_o be_v but_o the_o different_a frames_n of_o creature_n show_v that_o god_n will_v exercise_v his_o dominion_n different_o beast_n act_n by_o instinct_n not_o by_o reason_n by_o necessity_n not_o choice_n and_o therefore_o perform_v that_o end_n for_o which_o they_o be_v make_v and_o their_o be_v so_o frame_v be_v a_o plain_a declaration_n that_o god_n will_v not_o exercise_v any_o judicial_a power_n over_o they_o but_o man_n have_v reason_n and_o liberty_n to_o follow_v it_o he_o know_v his_o duty_n have_v natural_a principle_n to_o direct_v he_o in_o it_o freedom_n of_o will_n to_o choose_v whether_o he_o will_v be_v so_o direct_v or_o no_o and_o common_o refuse_v to_o be_v so_o and_o therefore_o act_v contrary_a to_o the_o end_n of_o his_o be_v and_o do_v so_o through_o his_o own_o fault_n god_n who_o give_v he_o such_o a_o frame_n and_o who_o retain_v a_o absolute_a propriety_n and_o dominion_n over_o he_o must_v either_o do_v all_o this_o to_o no_o purpose_n or_o else_o call_v he_o to_o account_v hereafter_o can_v it_o be_v prove_v that_o god_n leave_v we_o whole_o to_o ourselves_o after_o he_o put_v we_o into_o the_o world_n and_o that_o we_o have_v no_o natural_a rule_n to_o act_v by_o or_o that_o we_o can_v maintain_v and_o prolong_v our_o being_n without_o his_o assistance_n there_o may_v be_v some_o ground_n for_o doubt_n in_o this_o matter_n but_o since_o it_o be_v quite_o contrary_a since_o we_o have_v a_o 8._o a_o see_v pag._n 6_o 7_o 8._o inseparable_a dependence_n upon_o he_o since_o he_o have_v give_v we_o such_o frames_n or_o nature_n on_o the_o one_o side_n as_o prove_v we_o to_o be_v accountable_a and_o have_v retain_v such_o a_o propriety_n and_o sovereignty_n over_o we_o on_o the_o other_o as_o gives_z he_o a_o right_a to_o require_v a_o account_n of_o our_o action_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o he_o will_v nay_o that_o he_o 14._o he_o see_v that_o excellent_a treatise_n a_o practical_a discourse_n concern_v future_a judgement_n from_o pag._n 6._o to_o pag._n 14._o must_v require_v it_o according_o 2._o this_o will_v appear_v more_o plain_a if_o we_o come_v to_o consider_v the_o next_o principle_n which_o i_o lay_v down_o at_o the_o 2._o the_o chap._n 2._o beginning_n that_o life_n be_v impart_v to_o we_o for_o a_o particular_a end_n for_o if_o man_n be_v indispensible_o oblige_v to_o pursue_v that_o end_n than_o this_o obligation_n be_v a_o proof_n that_o there_o must_v be_v a_o future_a state_n and_o that_o for_o these_o reason_n follow_v 1._o because_o every_o end_n suppose_v some_o rule_n or_o law_n to_o be_v observe_v for_o the_o obtain_n of_o it_o now_o whatever_o the_o end_n of_o humane_a life_n be_v whether_o it_o be_v the_o follow_v of_o reason_n by_o virtue_n or_o no_o it_o be_v certain_a it_o be_v from_o god_n and_o therefore_o the_o rule_n or_o law_n which_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o pursue_v of_o it_o must_v be_v from_o he_o likewise_o now_o any_o law_n give_v to_o a_o free_a agent_n without_o any_o punishment_n annex_v to_o it_o or_o without_o proper_a provision_n make_v for_o the_o execute_n of_o that_o punishment_n will_v just_o call_v in_o question_n the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n and_o therefore_o we_o can_v suppose_v that_o the_o law_n which_o god_n give_v to_o man_n by_o nature_n shall_v be_v defective_a in_o this_o respect_n and_o yet_o we_o see_v frequent_o that_o all_o such_o punishment_n be_v escape_v in_o this_o life_n if_o we_o consider_v man_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n whatever_o crime_n he_o commit_v against_o himself_o for_o instance_n as_o to_o any_o excess_n or_o intemperance_n sup._n intemperance_n vid._n pag._n 20._o sup._n no_o other_o have_v any_o right_a
life_n to_o come_v to_o tell_v you_o confident_o that_o they_o be_v unnatural_a for_o all_o that_o this_o prove_v be_v only_o that_o such_o a_o person_n mind_n be_v distemper_v that_o it_o do_v not_o exert_v its_o faculty_n in_o a_o natural_a way_n that_o be_v in_o the_o same_o way_n that_o the_o generality_n of_o mankind_n do_v for_o it_o be_v from_o hence_o that_o we_o must_v judge_v of_o humane_a nature_n not_o from_o the_o temper_n or_o report_v of_o one_o or_o few_o person_n and_o if_o so_o than_o these_o notion_n which_o be_v so_o general_n must_v be_v natural_a and_o therefore_o certain_a because_o whatever_o be_v of_o nature_n be_v of_o god_n there_o need_v no_o further_a answer_n to_o the_o objection_n against_o a_o future_a state_n or_o any_o further_a proof_n for_o it_o where_o the_o wise_a of_o the_o philosopher_n concur_v with_o we_o so_o universal_o the_o belief_n of_o this_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o those_o excellent_a discourse_n which_o be_v write_v by_o these_o ancient_a sage_n and_o therefore_o we_o may_v find_v the_o immortality_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o a_o future_a state_n continual_o inculcate_v by_o the_o great_a of_o they_o this_o too_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o that_o greatness_n of_o mind_n that_o justice_n courage_n temperance_n and_o piety_n of_o the_o greek_n and_o roman_n it_o be_v this_o that_o give_v socrates_n that_o calmness_n and_o tranquillity_n in_o his_o last_o minute_n under_o the_o most_o barbarous_a injustice_n and_o make_v he_o as_o casie_a in_o his_o death_n as_o ever_o lawful_a monarch_n be_v at_o his_o coronation_n and_o it_o be_v to_o those_o excellent_a author_n scot._n author_n plato_n and_o xenophon_n see_v this_o also_o clear_o copious_o and_o solid_o prove_v in_o the_o treatise_n abovementioned_a viz._n 〈◊〉_d practical_a discourse_n of_o future_a judgement_n likewise_o in_o the_o 2d_o part._n vol._n 1._o chap._n 5._o sect._n 2._o of_o the_o christian_a life_n 〈◊〉_d that_o late_o eminent_a divine_a dr._n scot._n which_o give_v a_o account_n of_o this_o great_a man_n that_o i_o remit_v the_o reader_n for_o further_a satisfaction_n or_o if_o happy_o what_o have_v be_v say_v shall_v be_v sufficient_a then_o there_o will_v i_o suppose_v be_v no_o great_a difficulty_n in_o the_o remain_a point_n 2._o that_o self-murder_n be_v one_o of_o the_o worst_a crime_n shall_v have_v a_o punishment_n proportionable_a and_o consequent_o he_o that_o make_v use_v of_o this_o to_o obtain_v ease_n or_o liberty_n shall_v fall_v into_o a_o state_n of_o great_a misery_n or_o slavery_n to_o make_v this_o appear_v we_o need_v only_o to_o produce_v the_o opinion_n of_o some_o of_o the_o great_a man_n in_o this_o matter_n and_o consider_v brief_o the_o ground_n of_o punishment_n and_o reward_n in_o general_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o crime_n in_o particular_a for_o the_o first_o virgil_n describe_v the_o abide_v and_o condition_n of_o self-murtherer_n in_o that_o place_n abovementioned_a 6._o abovementioned_a aen_n 6._o show_v it_o to_o be_v unspeakable_o worse_o than_o the_o evil_n which_o they_o sle_z from_o while_o he_o cry_v out_o quam_fw-la vellent_fw-la aethere_fw-la in_fw-la alto_fw-mi nunc_fw-la &_o pauperiem_fw-la &_o duros_fw-la perferre_fw-la labores_fw-la this_o be_v according_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o plato_n and_o therefore_o macrobius_n discourse_v upon_o that_o passage_n of_o cicero_n which_o i_o quote_v before_o sup._n before_o p._n 22_o sup._n that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o entrance_n into_o a_o state_n of_o happiness_n for_o those_o who_o kill_v themselves_o say_v 13_o say_v macrobius_n lib._n 1._o in_o som._n scip._n cap_n 13_o it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o plotinus_n a_o eminent_a platonist_n that_o no_o death_n can_v be_v reward_v but_o what_o be_v natural_a and_o that_o death_n alone_o be_v natural_a where_o the_o body_n leave_v the_o soul_n and_o not_o the_o soul_n the_o body_n beside_o as_o he_o add_v far_o the_o soul_n shall_v be_v reward_v according_a to_o that_o perfection_n which_o it_o arrive_v to_o in_o this_o life_n therefore_o death_n be_v not_o to_o be_v hasten_v because_o it_o can_v never_o be_v so_o perfect_a but_o that_o it_o may_v receive_v addition_n though_o a_o man_n may_v have_v rise_v to_o a_o very_a high_a pitch_n of_o goodness_n and_o virtue_n yet_o he_o may_v rise_v high_o sâ—…ill_o wherefore_o he_o that_o cut_v off_o his_o life_n cut_v off_o his_o improvement_n and_o so_o despise_v the_o reward_n which_o be_v propose_v to_o he_o which_o be_v a_o great_a contempt_n of_o the_o proposer_n must_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o severe_a punishment_n to_o these_o let_v i_o add_v a_o excellent_a author_n 10._o author_n milton_n paradise_n lost._n lib._n 10._o of_o our_o own_o who_o make_v the_o first_o man_n upon_o his_o wife_n be_v advise_v to_o kill_v themselves_o in_o their_o great_a distress_n to_o argue_v thus_o from_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n if_o thou_o covet_v death_n as_o utmost_a end_n of_o misery_n so_o think_v to_o evade_v the_o penalty_n pronounce_v doubt_v not_o but_o god_n have_v wise_a arm_v his_o vengeful_a power_n than_o so_o to_o be_v forestall_v much_o more_o i_o fear_v least_o death_n so_o snatch_v will_v not_o exempt_v we_o from_o the_o pain_n we_o be_v by_o doom_n to_o pay_v rather_o such_o act_n of_o contumacy_n will_v provoke_v the_o high_a to_o make_v death_n in_o we_o live_v then_o let_v we_o seek_v some_o safe_a resolution_n but_o the_o reasonableness_n of_o this_o will_v be_v more_o plain_a if_o we_o consider_v what_o must_v be_v the_o ground_n of_o reward_n and_o punishment_n in_o general_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o crime_n before_o we_o what_o be_v it_o then_o that_o shall_v make_v the_o soul_n to_o be_v admit_v into_o a_o state_n of_o liberty_n ease_n or_o happiness_n but_o the_o endeavour_v faithful_o to_o fulfil_v that_o end_n for_o which_o life_n be_v bestow_v by_o perform_v every_o part_n of_o its_o duty_n towards_o god_n our_o neighbour_n or_o ourselves_o and_o this_o too_o notwithstanding_o the_o worst_a evil_n and_o calamity_n which_o can_v possible_o befall_v we_o on_o the_o other_o side_n what_o shall_v expose_v the_o soul_n to_o the_o slavery_n of_o extreme_a torment_n but_o the_o forsake_v of_o this_o end_n the_o refuse_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o will_n of_o god_n the_o injure_v our_o neighbour_n and_o encourage_v other_o to_o do_v so_o now_o if_o the_o do_v any_o one_o of_o these_o thing_n must_v make_v a_o man_n liable_a to_o punishment_n what_o must_v it_o do_v to_o be_v guilty_a of_o they_o all_o and_o much_o more_o by_o self-murder_n for_o this_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d destruction_n of_o god_n particular_a propriety_n the_o positive_a renounce_v that_o end_n for_o which_o he_o give_v man_n life_n the_o do_v what_o be_v destructive_a to_o civil_a society_n the_o overthrow_v the_o law_n both_o of_o god_n and_o man_n to_o rebel_n against_o providence_n and_o break_v out_o into_o eternity_n self-murder_n be_v the_o do_v all_o this_o and_o what_o be_v still_o more_o the_o do_v it_o wilful_o and_o advise_o and_o therefore_o what_o punishment_n shall_v be_v due_a to_o it_o i_o hope_v the_o greatness_n of_o this_o crime_n appear_v so_o plain_a by_o this_o time_n every_o argument_n which_o have_v be_v use_v for_o the_o prove_v it_o unlawful_a prove_v this_o also_o that_o no_o new_a argument_n will_v be_v require_v of_o i_o to_o demonstrate_v it_o and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v only_o confirm_v this_o by_o these_o two_o consideration_n 1._o that_o this_o be_v the_o least_o capable_a of_o 〈◊〉_d of_o any_o ill_a action_n whatsoever_o or_o 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v the_o positive_a 〈◊〉_d of_o it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v allow_v as_o a_o most_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d duty_n by_o the_o light_n of_o 〈◊〉_d by_o which_o it_o be_v plain_a also_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o something_o that_o be_v past_a and_o of_o resolution_n of_o not_o do_v the_o same_o thing_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v but_o the_o gentleman_n with_o who_o we_o have_v have_v so_o much_o to_o do_v after_o he_o have_v bring_v in_o a_o maim_a account_n of_o repentance_n under_o the_o covert_n of_o a_o venerable_a name_n viz._n 32._o viz._n see_v biath_n pag._n 32._o this_o be_v true_a repentance_n to_o do_v no_o more_o to_o speak_v no_o more_o those_o thing_n whereof_o you_o repent_v and_o not_o be_v ever_o sin_v and_o ever_o ask_v pardon_n tell_v we_o such_o a_o repentance_n as_o this_o our_o case_n be_v capable_a enough_o of_o be_v ever_o any_o thing_n so_o trivial_a what_o kind_n of_o repentance_n why_o a_o man_n be_v capable_a of_o keep_v the_o resolution_n of_o kill_v himself_o no_o more_o after_o he_o have_v once_o do_v so_o can_v this_o be_v in_o earnest_n but_o this_o be_v absurd_a as_o to_o both_o part_n of_o repentance_n for_o this_o be_v either_o sorrow_n for_o what_o be_v past_a suppose_v some_o thing_n