the_o virtuous_a and_o punishment_n to_o the_o vicious_a proportion_v to_o their_o act_n which_o be_v now_o almost_o whole_o devolve_v upon_o public_a authority_n little_a remain_v but_o encouragement_n and_o praise_n to_o the_o virtuous_a and_o discouragement_n and_o discountenance_n to_o the_o vicious_a commutative_a justice_n be_v the_o inclination_n to_o give_v every_o man_n his_o right_n and_o though_o the_o name_n be_v take_v from_o the_o interchange_n of_o private_a right_n yet_o it_o reach_v to_o all_o prestation_n which_o be_v not_o by_o way_n of_o reward_n or_o punishment_n there_o be_v nothing_o here_o propose_v but_o the_o private_a right_n of_o man_n it_o be_v only_o requisite_a to_o consider_v the_o law_n by_o which_o private_a right_n be_v constitute_v convey_v or_o destitute_a and_o these_o be_v either_o divine_a or_o humane_a 3._o divine_a law_n be_v that_o main_o which_o be_v write_v in_o man_n heart_n according_a to_o that_o of_o the_o apostle_n for_o when_o the_o gentile_n who_o have_v not_o the_o law_n to_o wit_n write_v in_o the_o word_n do_v by_o nature_n the_o thing_n contain_v in_o the_o law_n these_o be_v a_o law_n unto_o themselves_o which_o show_v the_o work_n of_o the_o law_n write_v in_o their_o heart_n their_o conscience_n also_o bear_v they_o witness_n and_o their_o thought_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n accuse_v or_o excuse_v one_o another_o this_o be_v call_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n because_o it_o be_v know_v natural_o either_o immediate_o like_v unto_o these_o instinct_n which_o be_v in_o the_o other_o creature_n whereby_o they_o know_v what_o be_v necessary_a for_o their_o preservation_n so_o the_o first_o principle_n of_o this_o natural_a law_n be_v know_v to_o man_n without_o reason_v or_o experience_n without_o art_n industry_n or_o education_n and_o so_o be_v know_v to_o man_n every_o where_o through_o the_o world_n though_o they_o keep_v no_o communion_n nor_o intercourse_n together_o which_o be_v a_o unanswerable_a demonstration_n of_o the_o be_v of_o this_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v write_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n because_o law_n use_v to_o be_v write_v on_o pillar_n or_o table_n for_o certainty_n or_o conservation_n so_o this_o law_n be_v write_v by_o the_o finger_n of_o god_n upon_o man_n heart_n there_o to_o remain_v for_o ever_o such_o be_v the_o common_a practical_a principle_n that_o god_n be_v to_o be_v obey_v parent_n honour_v ourselves_o defend_v violence_n repulse_v child_n to_o be_v love_v educate_v and_o provide_v for_o 4._o with_o these_o common_a principle_n with_o which_o god_n have_v send_v man_n into_o the_o world_n he_o give_v they_o also_o reason_n that_o thence_o they_o may_v by_o consequence_n deduce_v his_o law_n in_o more_o particular_a case_n and_o this_o part_n of_o the_o natural_a law_n be_v call_v the_o light_n or_o law_n of_o reason_n it_o be_v call_v by_o solomon_n the_o candle_n of_o the_o lord_n search_v the_o inward_a part_n proverb_n 20._o verse_n 27._o 5._o this_o law_n be_v also_o call_v conscience_n which_o be_v say_v in_o the_o forecited_a place_n to_o bear_v witness_n and_o thereby_o our_o thought_n do_v either_o accuse_v or_o excuse_v one_o another_o according_a to_o the_o judgement_n or_o testimony_n we_o have_v of_o our_o own_o thought_n as_o good_a or_o evil_n consonant_a to_o or_o dissonant_n from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n shine_v in_o the_o heart_n this_o natural_a law_n as_o it_o be_v derive_v from_o these_o principle_n the_o near_a it_o be_v thereto_o it_o be_v the_o clear_a and_o by_o the_o more_o immediate_a consequence_n it_o be_v derive_v it_o be_v the_o sure_a for_o as_o the_o body_n in_o its_o progressive_a motion_n from_o one_o step_n to_o another_o walk_v sure_a by_o the_o short_a step_n so_o do_v the_o mind_n in_o deduce_v this_o divine_a law_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o this_o part_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v not_o equal_o evident_a to_o all_o man_n but_o the_o more_o of_o reason_n they_o have_v the_o more_o clearness_n they_o have_v of_o it_o which_o have_v make_v man_n of_o reason_n especial_o these_o who_o have_v exercise_v themselves_o in_o the_o inquiry_n of_o right_n to_o be_v have_v in_o high_a esteem_n and_o admiration_n among_o man_n who_o though_o their_o invention_n be_v not_o so_o eminent_a yet_o their_o judgement_n close_v and_o go_v along_o with_o that_o as_o have_v a_o native_a obligation_n in_o it_o and_o so_o many_o time_n these_o responsa_fw-la prudentium_fw-la have_v be_v receive_v with_o as_o much_o authority_n and_o more_o heartiness_n for_o law_n than_o the_o dictate_v of_o sovereign_n cicero_n in_o his_o oration_n pro_fw-la milone_n do_v excellent_o set_v forth_o and_o distinguish_v this_o natural_a law_n from_o positive_a law_n for_o say_v he_o hac_fw-la non_fw-la scripta_fw-la sed_fw-la nata_fw-la lex_fw-la quam_fw-la non_fw-la didicimus_fw-la accepimus_fw-la legimus_fw-la verum_fw-la ex_fw-la natura_fw-la ipsa_fw-la arripuimus_fw-la hausimus_fw-la expressimus_fw-la ad_fw-la quam_fw-la non_fw-la docti_fw-la sed_fw-la facti_fw-la non_fw-la instituti_fw-la sed_fw-la imbuti_fw-la sumus_fw-la ut_fw-la si_fw-la vita_fw-la nostra_fw-la in_o aliquas_fw-la insidias_fw-la si_fw-la in_o vim_o aut_fw-la in_o tela_fw-la aut_fw-la inimicorum_fw-la aut_fw-la latronum_fw-la inciderit_fw-la omnis_fw-la honesta_fw-la ratio_fw-la esset_fw-la expediendae_fw-la salutis_fw-la 6._o this_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v also_o call_v equity_n from_o that_o equality_n it_o keep_v in_o all_o person_n and_o be_v not_o frame_v or_o fit_v for_o the_o interest_n of_o any_o as_o many_o law_n of_o man_n choice_n be_v from_o the_o rigour_n whereof_o recourse_n ought_v to_o be_v have_v to_o this_o natural_a equity_n for_o though_o man_n law_n may_v be_v profitable_a and_o ne_o cessar_n for_o the_o most_o part_n yet_o be_v the_o invention_n of_o frail_a man_n there_o occur_v many_o casus_fw-la incogitati_fw-la wherein_o they_o serve_v not_o but_o equity_n take_v place_n and_o the_o limitation_n and_o fallancy_n extension_n and_o ampliation_n of_o humane_a law_n be_v bring_v from_o equity_n though_o equity_n be_v take_v some_o time_n for_o the_o moderation_n of_o the_o extremity_n of_o humane_a law_n yet_o it_o do_v true_o comprehend_v the_o whole_a law_n of_o nature_n otherwise_o it_o can_v not_o possible_o give_v remeid_v to_o the_o rigour_n and_o extremity_n of_o positive_a law_n in_o all_o case_n 7._o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v also_o term_v the_o moral_a law_n be_v the_o absolute_a and_o adequat_fw-la rule_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o man_n for_o all_o time_n place_n and_o person_n and_o this_o denomination_n it_o have_v common_o in_o opposition_n to_o the_o judicial_a and_o ceremonial_a law_n the_o roman_a law_n do_v sometime_o take_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n in_o a_o most_o strict_a sense_n as_o it_o exclude_v the_o law_n of_o reason_n and_o as_o it_o be_v found_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n in_o so_o far_o as_o be_v common_a with_o other_o animal_n and_o therefore_o they_o define_v it_o to_o be_v quod_fw-la natura_fw-la omne_fw-la animalia_fw-la docuit_fw-la as_o the_o conjunction_n of_o male_a and_o female_a or_o marriage_n the_o procreation_n or_o education_n of_o child_n etc._n etc._n but_o even_o in_o that_o law_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v extend_v and_o distinguish_v into_o the_o original_a and_o primitive_a law_n and_o that_o which_o be_v derive_v thence_o such_o as_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o there_o be_v more_o of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n found_v in_o the_o rational_a nature_n of_o man_n as_o he_o be_v a_o rational_a and_o sociable_a creature_n and_o even_o that_o which_o appear_v to_o be_v in_o the_o sensitive_a nature_n be_v true_o found_v in_o the_o rational_a nature_n and_o therefore_o be_v not_o proper_o communicable_a unto_o the_o beast_n who_o have_v no_o law_n but_o their_o natural_a instinct_n have_v only_o some_o resemblance_n to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o it_o be_v impress_v in_o our_o heart_n so_o in_o the_o goodness_n of_o god_n it_o be_v express_v in_o his_o word_n wherein_o he_o have_v not_o only_o hold_v forth_o these_o sacred_a mystery_n which_o can_v only_o be_v know_v by_o revelation_n as_o have_v no_o principle_n in_o nature_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v deducible_a but_o also_o because_o through_o sin_n and_o evil_a custom_n the_o natural_a law_n in_o man_n heart_n be_v much_o deface_v disorder_a and_o erroneous_o deduce_v he_o have_v therefore_o reprint_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n in_o a_o viver_n character_n in_o the_o scripture_n not_o only_o have_v the_o moral_a principle_n but_o many_o conclusion_n thence_o flow_v particular_o set_v forth_o this_o analogy_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n even_o in_o the_o heart_n of_o heathen_n and_o as_o it_o be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o law_n of_o god_n evidence_v sufficient_o that_o both_o of_o they_o proceed_v
short_o after_o this_o great_a perfection_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n in_o the_o time_n of_o phocas_n the_o emperor_n who_o reign_v four_o after_o justinian_n and_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 565._o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v oppress_v by_o the_o irruption_n of_o the_o goth_n and_o longobard_n the_o roman_a law_n do_v also_o lie_v under_o ash_n above_o the_o space_n of_o five_o hundred_o year_n until_o a_o new_a shape_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v set_v up_o in_o germany_n lothaius_fw-la the_o emperor_n who_o flourish_v in_o the_o eleven_o century_n do_v again_o revive_v and_o restore_v the_o roman_a law_n which_o thence_o be_v every_o where_o teach_v in_o the_o school_n and_o enlarge_v with_o more_o vast_a heap_n of_o commentary_n and_o treatise_n than_o be_v these_o of_o the_o ancient_n lawyer_n though_o not_o claim_v the_o like_a authority_n 12._o in_o the_o interim_n do_v the_o feudal_n law_n or_o custom_n take_v rise_v among_o the_o longobard_n and_o other_o nation_n who_o have_v expulse_v out_o of_o italy_n the_o roman_a empire_n be_v willing_a to_o change_v their_o barbarity_n and_o to_o be_v successor_n to_o the_o roman_n in_o seat_n and_o civility_n and_o that_o they_o may_v maintain_v their_o conquest_n give_v out_o all_o their_o land_n to_o their_o soldier_n and_o assecl_n as_o benefice_n to_o they_o for_o their_o service_n and_o assistance_n in_o their_o war_n the_o example_n of_o which_o and_o the_o new_a interest_n it_o afford_v to_o sovereign_n to_o have_v all_o their_o territory_n to_o hold_v of_o themselves_o and_o most_o of_o their_o subject_n by_o that_o new_a relation_n to_o become_v their_o feudatar_n and_o vassal_n have_v give_v the_o feudal_n law_n wing_n whereby_o it_o have_v spread_v itself_o over_o most_o of_o the_o world_n 13._o in_o the_o decline_a also_o of_o the_o roman_a empire_n the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n have_v mount_v himself_o unto_o the_o imperial_a eminence_n of_o universal_a bishop_n do_v in_o imitation_n of_o the_o emperor_n cause_n compile_v the_o cannon_n law_n and_o first_o that_o part_n which_o be_v call_v decretum_fw-la which_o be_v perfeit_v by_o gratian_n the_o monk_n out_o of_o the_o father_n doctor_n and_o counsel_n though_o much_o throw_v and_o vitiat_fw-la towards_o the_o interest_n and_o error_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o after_o the_o decretal_n be_v compile_v by_o pope_n gregory_n the_o nine_o out_o of_o the_o decretal_a epistle_n of_o the_o pope_n which_o boniface_n the_o eight_o augment_v by_o addition_n of_o the_o six_o book_n of_o the_o decretal_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v in_o imitation_n of_o the_o digest_v make_v of_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o ancient_a lawyer_n and_o it_o out_o of_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o father_n doctor_n and_o council_n of_o the_o church_n and_o the_o latter_a in_o resemblance_n of_o the_o codex_fw-la compact_v of_o the_o rescript_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o that_o nothing_o may_v be_v improportional_a unto_o the_o noval_n constitution_n do_v answer_v the_o clementins_n and_o extravagant_n this_o pontifical_a law_n extend_v unto_o all_o person_n and_o thing_n belong_v to_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o separate_v from_o the_o laity_n all_o thing_n that_o may_v relate_v to_o pious_a uses_n or_o which_o may_v be_v claim_v to_o be_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o his_o holiness_n as_o orphan_n the_o will_n of_o defunct_n the_o matter_n of_o marriage_n and_o divorce_n all_o which_o he_o have_v obtain_v to_o be_v exempt_v from_o the_o civil_a authority_n of_o these_o sovereign_n who_o be_v devote_v to_o that_o see_n these_o thing_n be_v holy_a be_v not_o to_o be_v temerat_fw-la by_o the_o profane_a hand_n of_o prince_n or_o free_a people_n and_o so_o deep_o have_v this_o canon_n law_n be_v root_v that_o even_o where_o the_o pope_n authority_n be_v reject_v yet_o consideration_n must_v be_v have_v to_o these_o law_n not_o only_o as_o to_o these_o by_o which_o church_n benefice_n have_v be_v erect_v and_o order_v but_o as_o to_o these_o which_o contain_v many_o equitable_a and_o profitable_a law_n which_o because_o of_o their_o weighty_a matter_n and_o be_v once_o receive_v may_v more_o fit_o be_v retain_v than_o reject_v 14._o before_o we_o come_v to_o the_o custom_n of_o scotland_n there_o lie_v this_o block_n in_o the_o way_n of_o all_o humane_a law_n that_o see_v as_o have_v be_v say_v equity_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o reason_n be_v perfect_a and_o perpetual_a all_o law_n of_o man_n constitution_n seem_v not_o only_o to_o be_v dangerous_a in_o that_o they_o may_v impinge_a upon_o the_o perfect_a law_n of_o god_n but_o also_o to_o be_v useless_a and_o unprofitable_a see_v man_n may_v live_v better_o and_o more_o safe_o by_o the_o divine_a dictate_v of_o god_n write_v in_o our_o heart_n than_o by_o the_o device_n of_o man_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v think_v that_o those_o who_o in_o stead_n thereof_o embrace_v the_o law_n of_o man_n may_v meet_v with_o the_o reproof_n of_o the_o israelite_n who_o be_v say_v to_o reject_v god_n from_o reign_v over_o they_o this_o reason_n be_v so_o press_v that_o if_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o of_o reason_n be_v equal_o know_v to_o all_o man_n or_o that_o the_o dispenser_n thereofcould_n be_v find_v so_o know_v and_o so_o just_a as_o man_n will_v and_o aught_o to_o have_v full_a confidence_n and_o quietness_n in_o their_o sentence_n it_o will_v not_o only_o be_v a_o folly_n but_o a_o fault_n to_o admit_v of_o any_o other_o law_n but_o the_o prime_a interest_n of_o man_n be_v to_o enjoy_v their_o right_n not_o only_o in_o safety_n and_o security_n but_o in_o confidence_n and_o quietness_n of_o mind_n that_o they_o may_v clear_o know_v what_o be_v their_o right_n and_o may_v enjoy_v the_o same_o therefore_o humane_a law_n be_v add_v not_o to_o take_v away_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o of_o reason_n but_o some_o of_o the_o effect_n thereof_o which_o be_v in_o our_o power_n and_o therefore_o as_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n man_n be_v a_o free_a creature_n yet_o so_o as_o he_o may_v engage_v himself_o and_o be_v engage_v by_o the_o same_o law_n of_o nature_n he_o must_v perform_v so_o man_n law_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o public_a sponsion_n of_o the_o people_n which_o therefore_o even_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n they_o may_v and_o must_v perform_v and_o therefore_o be_v they_o introduce_v first_o for_o clear_v and_o condescend_v on_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o of_o reason_n such_o law_n can_v none_o quarrel_v because_o they_o do_v not_o alter_v but_o declare_v equity_n and_o that_o very_o necessary_o because_o though_o equity_n be_v very_o clear_a in_o its_o principle_n and_o in_o thesi_fw-la yet_o the_o deduction_n of_o reason_n further_o from_o the_o fountain_n through_o the_o bias_n and_o corruption_n of_o interest_n may_v make_v it_o much_o more_o dubious_a in_o hypothesi_fw-la when_o it_o come_v to_o the_o decision_n of_o a_o particular_a case_n in_o all_o its_o circumstance_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a it_o be_v so_o fix_v and_o clear_v by_o statute_n and_o custom_n suitable_a thereto_o that_o the_o people_n may_v be_v secure_v second_o there_o be_v many_o point_n of_o right_n competent_a to_o man_n in_o equity_n as_o it_o may_v be_v more_o profitable_a for_o the_o people_n to_o forbear_v the_o pursuance_n of_o they_o than_o to_o be_v at_o the_o trouble_n and_o expense_n of_o the_o pursuit_n as_o when_o humane_a law_n do_v cut_v offmatter_n of_o less_o concernment_n and_o in_o they_o rathertake_v themselves_o to_o the_o honesty_n of_o their_o party_n than_o to_o compulsion_n by_o remeid_n of_o law_n such_o be_v the_o remuneratory_n obligation_n of_o gratitude_n and_o the_o inward_a obligation_n of_o the_o mind_n as_o of_o affection_n love_n kindness_n etc._n etc._n according_a to_o the_o proverb_n we_o can_v poind_v for_o unkindness_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o there_o be_v more_o such_o obligation_n than_o be_v the_o obligation_n relate_v to_o outward_a performance_n of_o some_o palpable_a or_o sensible_a thing_n and_o it_o may_v easy_o appear_v what_o vexation_n it_o may_v breed_v if_o not_o only_o the_o latter_a but_o also_o the_o former_a may_v all_o be_v pursue_v and_o extort_a by_o compulsion_n of_o law_n and_o none_o can_v think_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n injure_v because_o of_o common_a consent_n man_n will_v spare_v themselves_o the_o labour_n to_o pursue_v those_o thing_n which_o they_o may_v easy_o dispense_v with_o and_o so_o likewise_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n though_o by_o the_o moral_a law_n we_o be_v oblige_v to_o love_v our_o neighbour_n as_o ourselves_o from_o whence_o arise_v duty_n of_o charity_n and_o mercy_n assistance_n and_o relief_n yet_o for_o the_o most_o part_n man_n do_v not_o compel_v for_o the_o negative_a of_o these_o command_n but_o only_o for_o the_o
that_o god_n be_v to_o be_v obey_v by_o man_n 2._o that_o man_n be_v a_o free_a creature_n have_v power_n to_o dispose_v of_o himself_o and_o of_o all_o thing_n in_o so_o far_o as_o by_o his_o obedience_n to_o god_n he_o be_v not_o restrain_v 3._o that_o this_o freedom_n of_o man_n be_v in_o his_o own_o power_n and_o may_v be_v restrain_v by_o his_o voluntar_n engagement_n which_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o fulfil_v or_o take_v they_o up_o more_o summarily_a the_o first_o principle_n of_o right_o be_v obedience_n freedom_n and_o engagement_n there_o be_v also_o three_o prime_a principle_n of_o the_o positive_a law_n who_o aim_n and_o terest_n be_v the_o profit_n and_o utility_n of_o man_n as_o the_o natural_a law_n be_v in_o equo_fw-la so_o the_o positive_a law_n be_v in_o bono_fw-mi or_o utili_fw-la and_o upon_o those_o two_o leg_n do_v justice_n move_v in_o give_v every_o man_n his_o right_n if_o man_n have_v not_o fall_v there_o have_v be_v no_o distinction_n betwixt_o bonum_fw-la and_o equum_fw-la nor_o have_v there_o be_v anything_o more_o profitable_a than_o the_o full_a follow_v of_o the_o natural_a law_n but_o man_n be_v now_o deprave_v and_o want_v justice_n or_o that_o willingness_n to_o give_v every_o man_n his_o right_n and_o apt_a to_o fraud_n or_o force_n therefore_o in_o this_o estate_n it_o be_v profitable_a for_o he_o to_o quit_v something_o of_o that_o which_o by_o equity_n be_v his_o due_n for_o peace_n and_o quietness_n sake_n rather_o than_o to_o use_v compulsion_n and_o quarrel_v in_o all_o thing_n and_o to_o find_v out_o expedient_n and_o help_v to_o make_v equity_n effectual_a and_o therefore_o to_o make_v up_o society_n of_o man_n that_o they_o may_v mutual_o defend_v one_o another_o and_o procure_v to_o one_o another_o their_o right_n and_o also_o to_o set_v clear_a limit_n to_o every_o man_n property_n and_o to_o maintain_v traffic_n and_o commerce_n among_o themselves_o and_o with_o other_o so_o that_o the_o three_o principle_n of_o positive_a law_n may_v be_v society_n property_n and_o commerce_n the_o principle_n of_o equity_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o right_n and_o law_n the_o principle_n of_o positive_a law_n be_v the_o final_a cause_n or_o end_n for_o which_o law_n be_v make_v and_o right_n constitute_v and_o order_v and_o all_o of_o they_o may_v aim_v at_o the_o maintenance_n flourish_v and_o peace_n of_o society_n the_o security_n of_o property_n and_o the_o freedom_n of_o commerce_n and_o so_o the_o narrative_n of_o statute_n do_v common_o bear_v the_o motive_n introductory_n towards_o some_o of_o these_o head_n 18._o obedience_n be_v that_o submission_n and_o sequacity_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o will_n of_o man_n to_o the_o authority_n and_o will_n of_o his_o maker_n immediate_o obliege_v without_o any_o tie_n upon_o he_o by_o himself_o intimate_v to_o he_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n light_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o conscience_n whereby_o man_n distinguish_v betwixt_o right_n and_o wrong_n betwixt_o what_o be_v duty_n and_o what_o be_v not_o duty_n hence_o do_v arise_v these_o obligation_n upon_o man_n which_o be_v not_o by_o his_o own_o consent_n or_o engagement_n nor_o by_o the_o will_n of_o man_n but_o by_o the_o will_n of_o god_n and_o therefore_o these_o be_v fit_o call_v obediential_a obligation_n the_o first_o and_o most_o general_a of_o these_o be_v to_o love_v the_o lord_n our_o god_n with_o all_o our_o heart_n and_o our_o neighbour_n as_o ourselves_o upon_o which_o say_v our_o saviour_n hang_v all_o the_o law_n and_o the_o prophet_n matth._n 22._o vers_fw-la 40._o which_o be_v a_o clear_a demonstration_n from_o his_o mouth_n of_o the_o dependence_n of_o the_o moral_a law_n upon_o this_o principle_n such_o be_v also_o the_o obligation_n betwixt_o husband_n and_o wife_n parent_n and_o child_n and_o the_o obligation_n of_o restitution_n reparation_n and_o remuneration_n in_o all_o which_o we_o be_v engage_v not_o by_o our_o will_n and_o consent_n and_o such_o be_v the_o obligation_n which_o the_o civilian_n call_v quasi_fw-la ex_fw-la contractu_fw-la because_o they_o find_v they_o obligatory_a and_o yet_o not_o by_o contract_n and_o not_o advert_v this_o their_o rise_n from_o obedience_n reduce_v they_o to_o contract_n by_o a_o qua_v 19_o where_o obedience_n end_v there_o freedom_n begin_v and_o man_n by_o nature_n be_v free_a in_o all_o thing_n where_o this_o obedience_n have_v not_o tie_v he_o until_o he_o oblige_v himself_o it_o be_v a_o great_a mercy_n to_o man_n that_o god_n have_v oblige_v he_o only_o in_o a_o few_o necessary_a moral_a duty_n and_o have_v leave_v he_o free_a in_o much_o more_o without_o any_o tie_n upon_o he_o as_o to_o the_o matter_n but_o with_o a_o liberty_n ad_fw-la contradictoria_fw-la that_o he_o may_v do_v or_o not_o do_v and_o ad_fw-la contraria_fw-la that_o he_o may_v do_v this_o or_o the_o contrair_n provide_v that_o whatsoever_o he_o do_v even_o where_o he_o be_v free_a be_v order_v and_o direct_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n it_o have_v be_v the_o opinion_n of_o some_o both_o learned_a and_o pious_a that_o there_o be_v nothing_o indifferent_a in_o actu_fw-la exercito_fw-la or_o as_o it_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o circumstance_n but_o that_o then_o every_o thing_n be_v a_o duty_n or_o a_o sin_n and_o that_o because_o all_o thing_n must_v be_v do_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n and_o to_o mutual_a edification_n from_o whence_o there_o be_v no_o exception_n and_o so_o be_v not_o free_a that_o we_o must_v make_v account_n of_o every_o idle_a word_n and_o that_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o try_v all_o thing_n and_o to_o hold_v that_o which_o be_v best_a these_o reason_n indeed_o conclude_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o free_a as_o to_o this_o contradiction_n either_o to_o be_v do_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n or_o not_o and_o to_o edification_n and_o use_v or_o not_o but_o do_v not_o conclude_v that_o there_o be_v duty_n or_o necessity_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o action_n itself_o of_o which_o either_o part_n of_o the_o contradiction_n may_v be_v choose_v so_o that_o either_o part_n be_v useful_a and_o order_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n as_o say_v the_o apostle_n he_o that_o observe_v a_o day_n observe_v it_o to_o the_o lord_n and_o he_o that_o observe_v not_o do_v so_o to_o the_o lord_n and_o likewife_n in_o that_o undeniable_a instance_n of_o marriage_n wherein_o the_o apostle_n debate_v of_o the_o conveniency_n to_o marry_v or_o not_o to_o marry_o do_v conclude_v so_o that_o he_o that_o marry_v do_v well_o but_o he_o that_o marry_v not_o do_v better_a whereby_o both_o part_n of_o the_o contradiction_n be_v approven_v and_o that_o which_o be_v less_o profitable_a be_v say_v to_o be_v well_o do_v therefore_o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n betwixt_o duty_n which_o be_v necessary_a and_o wherein_o we_o be_v oblige_v though_o we_o mistake_v or_o be_v wilful_o ignorant_a by_o the_o very_a weight_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o absoluteness_n of_o the_o command_n wherein_o the_o order_n of_o what_o be_v forbid_v to_o god_n glory_n will_v not_o justify_v as_o we_o may_v not_o do_v evil_a that_o good_a may_v come_v of_o it_o as_o those_o who_o kill_v the_o apostle_n be_v far_o from_o be_v justify_v though_o they_o think_v they_o do_v god_n good_a service_n thereby_o these_o thing_n be_v bona_fw-la honesta_fw-la &_o mala_fw-la inhonesta_fw-la but_o matter_n of_o expediency_n be_v but_o bona_fw-la utilia_fw-la or_o mala_fw-la inutilia_fw-la and_o not_o inhonesta_fw-la and_o therefore_o our_o duty_n in_o these_o be_v that_o which_o we_o conceive_v most_o to_o be_v for_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n and_o good_a of_o ourselves_o and_o other_o but_o if_o we_o do_v mistake_v and_o choose_v that_o which_o be_v less_o expedient_a for_o these_o end_n we_o be_v free_a god_n seem_v to_o do_v with_o man_n as_o prince_n do_v with_o their_o ambassador_n to_o who_o they_o give_v some_o express_a instruction_n wherein_o they_o have_v no_o latitude_n in_o their_o negotiation_n and_o for_o the_o rest_n to_o do_v as_o they_o shall_v judge_v most_o fit_a upon_o the_o place_n wherein_o if_o act_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la they_o mistake_v and_o do_v not_o that_o which_o be_v most_o fit_a they_o be_v not_o culpable_a so_o man_n be_v send_v into_o the_o world_n to_o behold_v the_o work_n of_o god_n and_o to_o glorify_v he_o for_o do_v whereof_o he_o have_v some_o rule_n write_v in_o his_o heart_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o in_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o for_o the_o rest_n be_v allow_v to_o do_v as_o he_o conceive_v most_o conducible_a thereto_o that_o whether_o heeat_a or_o drink_v or_o whatsoever_o else_o he_o do_v he_o do_v all_o to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n it_o be_v a_o sad_a rack_n to_o the_o conscience_n of_o man_n if_o their_o error_n and_o mistake_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o
from_o the_o same_o omniscient_a author_n 8._o beside_o this_o natural_a necessary_a and_o perpetual_a law_n god_n have_v also_o give_v to_o man_n voluntar_n and_o positive_a law_n which_o though_o not_o at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o man_n yet_o in_o themselves_o be_v mutable_a and_o as_o they_o have_v a_o beginning_n so_o some_o of_o they_o have_v and_o other_o of_o they_o shall_v have_v a_o end_n when_o the_o occasion_n exigence_n and_o utility_n for_o which_o they_o be_v constitute_v shall_v cease_v such_o be_v the_o ceremonial_a law_n which_o contain_v a_o figurative_a and_o typical_a administration_n of_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n shadow_v forth_o christ_n and_o his_o propitiatory_a sacrifice_n of_o himself_o now_o when_o the_o sun_n of_o righteousness_n have_v arisen_a these_o shadow_n have_v fly_v away_o and_o be_v in_o the_o scripture_n repeal_v in_o lieu_n whereof_o be_v the_o outward_a order_n of_o the_o worship_n and_o government_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n and_o the_o law_n of_o god_n relate_v thereto_o though_o we_o be_v to_o expect_v no_o change_n of_o they_o while_o time_n be_v and_o be_v as_o bind_v to_o all_o to_o who_o their_o line_n be_v go_v as_o the_o natural_a law_n yet_o be_v they_o no_o part_n of_o it_o for_o they_o be_v not_o write_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n nor_o deducible_a by_o reason_n from_o any_o such_o principle_n such_o be_v the_o sabbath_n on_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o week_n the_o particular_a office_n in_o the_o church_n their_o authority_n and_o maintenance_n for_o though_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v teach_v that_o god_n be_v to_o be_v acknowledge_v and_o adore_v yet_o the_o impower_a of_o some_o certain_a person_n to_o be_v leader_n in_o the_o public_a adoration_n and_o the_o fix_a time_n thereof_o either_o as_o it_o be_v under_o the_o law_n or_o as_o it_o be_v under_o the_o gospel_n can_v be_v reach_v thence_o but_o have_v its_o beginning_n and_o have_v be_v alter_v some_o also_o do_v account_n marriage_n and_o the_o degree_n forbid_v in_o levit._n to_o be_v a_o positive_a law_n of_o god_n though_o they_o acknowledge_v it_o not_o only_o to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o jew_n but_o to_o all_o man_n yet_o the_o natural_a and_o universal_a aversion_n of_o marriage_n in_o these_o degree_n and_o abhorrence_n of_o that_o brutish_a commixtion_n without_o discretion_n of_o degree_n which_o be_v observe_v in_o all_o nation_n who_o corrupt_a custom_n have_v not_o so_o far_o deprave_v as_o to_o forget_v not_o only_o this_o but_o most_o of_o the_o uncontroverted_a law_n of_o nature_n do_v sufficient_o evince_v the_o contrair_a for_o if_o parent_n and_o posterity_n be_v all_o account_v as_o one_o degree_n there_o be_v nothing_o prohibit_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n but_o the_o very_a next_o degree_n of_o these_o who_o be_v in_o the_o place_n of_o parent_n as_o uncle_n and_o aunt_n or_o in_o the_o place_n of_o child_n as_o nephew_n neices_n or_o brethren_n and_o sister_n so_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o doubt_n but_o the_o prohibition_n of_o commixtion_n of_o ascendant_n and_o descendants_n be_v pure_o natural_a 9_o the_o prime_a positive_a law_n of_o god_n be_v the_o judicial_a law_n which_o god_n by_o the_o ministry_n of_o moses_n prescribe_v to_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n wherein_o the_o lord_n be_v please_v to_o be_v the_o particular_a lawgiver_n and_o judge_n of_o that_o people_n who_o he_o have_v choose_v from_o among_o all_o nation_n for_o a_o peculiar_a people_n to_o himself_o and_o to_o who_o inclination_n it_o be_v befit_v there_o be_v not_o a_o few_o who_o esteem_v the_o judicial_a law_n obliege_v to_o all_o nation_n main_o because_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v in_o the_o gospel_n to_o be_v abolish_v as_o the_o ceremonial_a law_n be_v and_o because_o of_o its_o excellency_n beyond_o the_o law_n of_o heathen_n or_o other_o man_n who_o may_v not_o only_o err_v in_o expediency_n render_v their_o law_n unprofitable_a but_o also_o may_v make_v they_o unjust_a and_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o immutable_a moral_a law_n of_o nature_n which_o reason_n do_v sufficient_o infer_v that_o in_o the_o constitution_n of_o humane_a law_n chief_a respect_n ought_v to_o be_v have_v to_o the_o judicial_a law_n of_o god_n and_o they_o assume_v where_o the_o inclination_n of_o the_o people_n and_o their_o condition_n do_v not_o render_v they_o inconvenient_a but_o that_o these_o law_n be_v accommodate_v unto_o their_o proper_a temper_n be_v evident_a in_o the_o law_n concern_v the_o bill_n of_o divorcement_n which_o bear_v to_o be_v permit_v for_o the_o hardness_n of_o their_o heart_n which_o be_v natural_a and_o peculiar_a to_o they_o of_o jealousy_n and_o bitterness_n against_o their_o wife_n therefore_o the_o lord_n not_o only_o appoint_v trial_n neither_o natural_a necessary_a nor_o accustom_v elsewhere_o by_o those_o token_n of_o virginity_n for_o evidence_v the_o wife_n faithfulness_n in_o not_o give_v a_o pollute_a woman_n for_o a_o chaste_a but_o also_o the_o extraordinar_n and_o miraculous_a trial_n by_o the_o water_n of_o jealousy_n and_o therefore_o christ_n do_v express_o abrogate_v that_o law_n and_o show_v we_o that_o moses_n do_v not_o command_v to_o divorce_n but_o for_o the_o hardness_n of_o their_o heart_n only_o permit_v it_o and_o do_v command_v that_o when_o the_o husband_n will_v put_v away_o his_o wife_n he_o shall_v give_v she_o a_o bill_n of_o divorce_n but_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o the_o judicial_a law_n be_v in_o itself_o a_o law_n to_o all_o nation_n or_o that_o the_o lord_n purpose_v it_o so_o to_o be_v but_o on_o the_o contrar_n it_o appear_v that_o his_o purpose_n be_v only_o to_o deliver_v it_o for_o a_o peculiar_a law_n to_o israel_n when_o he_o say_v what_o nation_n be_v so_o great_a that_o have_v statute_n and_o judgement_n sorighteous_a as_o be_v all_o this_o law_n which_o i_o set_v before_o you_o this_o day_n deut._n 4._o vers_fw-la 8._o and_o again_o he_o show_v his_o word_n unto_o jacob_n his_o statute_n and_o judgement_n to_o israel_n he_o have_v not_o deal_v so_o with_o every_o nation_n and_o as_o for_o his_o judgement_n they_o have_v not_o know_v they_o psal._n 147._o vers_fw-la 19_o and_o therefore_o the_o same_o law_n be_v not_o to_o israelite_n and_o to_o stranger_n even_o to_o proselyte_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o matter_n of_o usury_n and_o bondage_n which_o be_v allow_v as_o to_o stranger_n but_o the_o former_a simple_o forbid_v and_o the_o latter_a limit_v as_o to_o israelit_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o necessity_n of_o a_o abolition_n express_v of_o this_o law_n in_o the_o gospel_n see_v it_o be_v not_o give_v to_o all_o nation_n and_o it_o do_v yet_o bind_v the_o jew_n so_o far_o as_o it_o do_v not_o build_v upon_o the_o ceremonial_a law_n and_o therefore_o that_o part_n of_o the_o judicial_a law_n which_o be_v found_v upon_o or_o conducible_a to_o the_o moral_a law_n may_v be_v well_o receive_v by_o other_o nation_n to_o who_o inclination_n the_o same_o expediency_n will_v agree_v as_o most_o of_o the_o criminal_a law_n be_v and_o though_o they_o can_v suit_v with_o the_o frame_n and_o current_n of_o the_o law_n already_o establish_v yet_o will_v they_o be_v far_o from_o make_v up_o a_o law_n to_o rule_v any_o nation_n now_o after_o man_n pravity_n have_v so_o much_o increase_v vice_n and_o deceit_n that_o which_o be_v sufficient_a in_o the_o simplicity_n of_o these_o time_n will_v come_v far_o short_a 10._o humane_a law_n be_v that_o which_o for_o utility_n sake_n be_v introduce_v by_o man_n which_o be_v either_o by_o tacit_n consent_n by_o consuetude_n or_o custom_n or_o by_o express_a will_n or_o command_n of_o these_o in_o authority_n have_v the_o legislative_a power_n and_o these_o be_v ofttimes_o write_v though_o sometime_o also_o they_o be_v not_o write_v as_o be_v lycurgus_n law_n which_o not_o only_o be_v not_o write_v but_o a_o law_n against_o it_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v write_v hence_o be_v the_o distinction_n of_o law_n in_o write_v and_o unwritten_a because_o of_o their_o original_a for_o ex_fw-la post_fw-la facto_fw-la custom_n or_o other_o unwritten_a law_n may_v be_v write_v by_o private_a person_n but_o they_o be_v not_o at_o first_o write_v by_o the_o law_n giver_n it_o be_v true_a the_o law_n be_v sometime_o strict_o take_v in_o opposition_n to_o custom_n as_o it_o comprehend_v equity_n or_o the_o natural_a law_n and_o the_o edict_n and_o statute_n of_o nation_n and_o their_o law_n giver_n and_o sometime_o more_o strict_o as_o in_o the_o vulgar_a distinction_n of_o law_n statute_n and_o custom_n in_o which_o law_n signify_v equity_n or_o the_o common_a law_n as_o statute_n and_o custom_n do_v the_o peculiar_a recent_a law_n of_o several_a nation_n and_o though_o that_o be_v only_o the_o law_n of_o man_n which_o be_v voluntar_n and_o positive_a constitute_v by_o
inconsistency_n if_o that_o power_n be_v in_o many_o and_o so_o behove_v to_o resolve_v in_o a_o management_n by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o wife_n 4._o the_o degree_n in_o which_o marriage_n be_v allow_v or_o forbid_v be_v by_o divine_a institution_n for_o the_o next_o degree_n collateral_a be_v only_o forbid_v for_o of_o asscendents_n and_o descendants_n there_o be_v proper_o no_o degree_n the_o great_a grandmother_n be_v in_o that_o regard_n as_o near_o as_o the_o mother_n and_o so_o the_o next_o collateral_a to_o all_o ascendant_n and_o descendants_n be_v in_o the_o same_o degree_n with_o brother_n and_o sister_n and_o uncle_n and_o aunt_n nephew_n and_o niece_n be_v alike_o in_o the_o propinquity_n of_o blood_n with_o these_o and_o the_o great_a grandmother_n sister_n with_o the_o mother_n sister_n else_o if_o these_o be_v different_a degree_n there_o will_v many_o degree_n intervene_v betwixt_o a_o person_n and_o his_o great_a grand_a aunt_n but_o that_o there_o be_v a_o natural_a abhorrence_n of_o that_o promiscuous_a commixtion_n of_o blood_n it_o be_v common_o acknowledge_v over_o all_o the_o world_n as_o to_o all_o ascendant_n and_o descendants_n and_o as_o to_o the_o next_o collateral_n the_o word_n of_o god_n clear_v it_o not_o to_o have_v be_v a_o positive_a law_n give_v to_o the_o jew_n but_o to_o have_v be_v a_o common_a law_n to_o the_o gentile_n also_o and_o therefore_o leu._n 18._o where_o the_o degree_n of_o marriage_n be_v express_v and_o unlawful_a commixtion_n forbid_v it_o be_v subjoin_v v_o 24_o 25._o defile_v not_o yourselves_o in_o any_o of_o these_o thing_n for_o in_o all_o these_o the_o nation_n be_v defile_v which_o i_o cast_v out_o before_o you_o and_o the_o land_n be_v defile_v therefore_o do_v i_o visit_v the_o iniquity_n thereof_o upon_o it_o but_o unless_o these_o degree_n of_o prohibit_v marriage_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n write_v in_o man_n heart_n or_o a_o common_a positive_a law_n know_v to_o the_o nation_n the_o lord_n who_o have_v declare_v that_o he_o will_v judge_v man_n by_o that_o law_n which_o be_v know_v will_v not_o so_o have_v judge_v the_o caananite_n 5._o the_o perpetuity_n of_o marriage_n be_v also_o evident_a by_o our_o saviour_n sentence_n against_o arbitrary_a divorce_n which_o be_v permit_v by_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n for_o the_o hardness_n of_o that_o people_n heart_n but_o the_o lord_n clear_v up_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o nature_n from_o the_o beginning_n it_o be_v not_o so_o which_o show_v the_o perpetuity_n of_o that_o law_n and_o that_o it_o be_v before_o the_o judicial_a law_n and_o therefore_o he_o conclude_v that_o whosoever_o put_v away_o his_o wife_n except_o for_o fornication_n be_v a_o adulterer_n 11._o for_o understanding_n of_o these_o conjugal_a right_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a 1._o to_o consider_v the_o constitution_n of_o marriage_n 2._o the_o dissolution_n of_o it_o 3._o the_o right_n and_o interest_n thence_o arise_v for_o the_o first_o marriage_n be_v define_v by_o modestinus_n to_o be_v the_o conjunction_n of_o man_n and_o woman_n to_o be_v consort_n for_o all_o their_o life_n with_o a_o communication_n of_o right_n divine_a and_o humane_a l._n 1._o ff_n de_fw-fr ritu_fw-la nuptiarum_fw-la so_o the_o essence_n of_o it_o consist_v in_o the_o conjugal_a society_n the_o special_a nature_n of_o which_o society_n appear_v by_o the_o state_n interest_n and_o term_n that_o the_o marry_a person_n have_v thereby_o it_o may_v be_v question_v whether_o the_o conjunction_n wherein_o marriage_n consist_v be_v a_o conjunction_n of_o mind_n by_o mutual_a consent_n to_o the_o marry_a state_n and_o that_o whether_o private_o or_o in_o the_o public_a solemnity_n or_o whether_o rather_o it_o be_v a_o conjunction_n or_o commixtion_n of_o body_n for_o clear_v whereof_o consider_v that_o it_o be_v not_o every_o consent_n to_o the_o marry_a state_n that_o make_v matrimony_n but_o a_o consent_n de_fw-fr presenti_fw-la and_o not_o a_o promise_n de_fw-fr futuro_fw-la matrimonio_fw-la for_o this_o promise_n be_v only_o the_o espousal_n which_o be_v premise_v to_o marriage_n and_o that_o so_o solemn_a a_o act_n may_v be_v with_o due_a deliberation_n and_o therefore_o though_o as_o other_o promise_n and_o paction_n espousal_n be_v natural_o obligatorie_n and_o effectual_a also_o by_o the_o canon_n law_n whereby_o the_o espouse_a person_n may_v be_v compel_v to_o perfect_v the_o marriage_n unless_o there_o arise_v some_o eminent_a discovery_n of_o the_o corruption_n or_o pollution_n of_o either_o party_n or_o defect_n or_o deformity_n through_o sickness_n or_o some_o other_o accident_n c._n de_fw-fr literis_fw-la extravag_n de_fw-fr sponsalibus_fw-la &_o cap._n 2._o eodem_fw-la c._n ult_n de_fw-fr conjug_n yet_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n there_o be_v place_n for_o either_o party_n to_o repent_v and_o renunce_v the_o espousal_n l._n 1._o cod._n de_fw-fr sponsalibus_fw-la which_o be_v also_o the_o custom_n of_o this_o nation_n for_o marriage_n use_v not_o to_o be_v pursue_v before_o solemnization_n râ—_n integris_fw-la so_o that_o the_o matter_n itself_o consist_v not_o in_o the_o promise_n but_o in_o the_o present_a consent_n whereby_o they_o accept_v each_o other_o as_o husband_n and_o wife_n whether_o that_o be_v by_o word_n express_o or_o tacit_o by_o marital_a cohabitation_n or_o acknowledgement_n or_o by_o natural_a commixtion_n where_o there_o have_v be_v a_o promise_n or_o espousal_n proceed_v for_o therein_o be_v presume_v a_o conjugal_a consent_n the_o present_v the_o public_a solemnity_n be_v a_o matter_n of_o order_n just_o introduce_v by_o positive_a law_n for_o the_o certainty_n ofso_o important_a a_o contract_n but_o not_o essential_a to_o marriage_n thence_o arise_v only_o the_o distinction_n of_o public_a and_o solemn_a private_a or_o clandestine_v marriage_n and_o though_o the_o contraveener_n may_v be_v just_o punish_v as_o in_o some_o nation_n by_o the_o exclusion_n of_o the_o issue_n of_o such_o marriage_n from_o succession_n yet_o the_o marriage_n can_v be_v declare_v void_a and_o annul_v and_o such_o exclusion_n seem_v very_o unequal_a against_o the_o innocent_a child_n but_o by_o our_o custom_n cohabitation_n and_o be_v common_o repute_v man_n and_o wife_n validats_fw-fr the_o marriage_n and_o give_v the_o wife_n right_a to_o her_o terce_n who_o can_v be_v exclude_v therefrom_o if_o she_o be_v repute_v a_o lawful_a wife_n and_o not_o question_v during_o the_o husband_n life_n till_o the_o contrary_n be_v clear_o decern_v par._n 1503._o cap._n 77._o so_o also_o a_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v find_v valid_a against_o the_o husband_n heir_n though_o the_o marriage_n be_v never_o solemnize_v in_o kirk_n nor_o congregation_n hope_n t._n husband_n etc._n etc._n william_n barklay_n contra_fw-la anna_n naper_n the_o like_a find_v to_o exclude_v the_o bastardy_n of_o the_o child_n by_o the_o father_n and_o mother_n be_v repute_n marry_v and_o keep_v house_n and_o society_n together_o for_o several_a year_n nicolson_n de_fw-fr agnoscendis_fw-la liberis_fw-la brok_n contra_fw-la but_o the_o contrair_n be_v find_v where_o it_o be_v positive_o prove_v that_o the_o defunct_a have_v another_o wife_n ibid._n archibald_n chirnside_n contra_fw-la isobel_n grieve_n and_o john_n williamson_n so_o likewise_o in_o the_o former_a case_n a_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v find_v valid_a and_o the_o man_n thereby_o oblige_v to_o solemnize_v the_o marriage_n see_v he_o have_v procreate_v child_n with_o the_o woman_n and_o by_o his_o missive_n have_v acknowledge_v he_o have_v marry_v she_o though_o by_o a_o contract_n posterior_n to_o the_o contract_n of_o marriage_n she_o have_v renunce_v the_o same_o nicol._n de_fw-fr sponsalibus_fw-la barclay_n contra_fw-la janet_n kelly_n but_o where_o a_o man_n by_o his_o write_n have_v acknowledge_v that_o such_o a_o child_n be_v get_v under_o promise_n of_o marriage_n and_o promise_v to_o solemnize_v the_o same_o yet_o the_o lord_n on_o the_o man_n alledgance_n that_o the_o woman_n have_v bear_v a_o child_n to_o another_o and_o her_o answer_n that_o it_o behove_v to_o be_v presume_v he_o will_v not_o sustain_v that_o presumption_n without_o instruct_v their_o converse_v together_o medio_fw-la tempore_fw-la january_n 31._o 1665._o christian_n barclay_n contra_fw-la george_n baptie_a it_o be_v also_o find_v late_o relevant_a for_o validate_v a_o contract_n of_o marriage_n sixteen_o year_n cohabitation_n and_o be_v repute_n man_n and_o wife_n elizabeth_n grierson_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o craigdarroch_n as_o to_o the_o other_o point_n though_o the_o commixtion_n of_o body_n seem_v necessary_a for_o the_o constitution_n of_o affinity_n arise_v from_o marriage_n yet_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n be_v true_a consensus_fw-la non_fw-la coitus_fw-la facit_fw-la matrimonium_fw-la but_o this_o consent_n must_v special_o relate_v to_o that_o conjunction_n of_o body_n as_o be_v then_o in_o the_o consenter_n capacity_n otherwise_o it_o be_v void_a so_o the_o consent_n of_o person_n natural_o impotent_a or_o
consequence_n form_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o see_v there_o be_v no_o different_a proportion_n hold_v forth_o by_o this_o text_n or_o by_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n the_o succession_n of_o all_o child_n must_v be_v in_o equal_a share_n whether_o male_a or_o female_a for_o in_o all_o communion_n and_o partnership_n a_o equal_a division_n take_v place_n except_o a_o unequal_a be_v express_v 4._o it_o be_v more_o dark_a whether_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n there_o be_v competent_a the_o right_a of_o representation_n whereby_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o defunct_a child_n represent_v they_o and_o come_v in_o with_o the_o survive_a child_n to_o get_v that_o share_n which_o their_o defunct_a parent_n will_v have_v get_v if_o alive_a whereby_o they_o will_v not_o succeed_v in_o capita_fw-la the_o whole_a successor_n get_v equal_a share_n but_o in_o stirpes_fw-la whereby_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o defunct_a child_n though_o they_o succeed_v equal_o among_o themselves_o yet_o unequal_o with_o the_o survive_a child_n because_o the_o whole_a issue_n of_o the_o defunct_a get_v but_o a_o equal_a share_n with_o each_o of_o the_o survive_a child_n as_o if_o a_o father_n have_v three_o child_n the_o elder_a die_v before_o he_o leave_v one_o child_n and_o two_o oyes_o by_o another_o child_n if_o there_o be_v place_n for_o representation_n the_o heritage_n will_v divide_v in_o three_o the_o two_o survive_a child_n will_v have_v two_o three_o part_n the_o other_o three_o will_v divide_v in_o two_o whereof_o the_o child_n of_o the_o defunct_n will_v get_v one_o half_a and_o the_o other_o half_o will_v divide_v equal_o betwixt_o the_o two_o oyes_o so_o than_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o descendants_n will_v thus_o succeed_v or_o if_o the_o surviver_n will_v whole_o exclude_v the_o issue_n of_o the_o decease_a this_o right_n of_o representation_n take_v place_n with_o we_o and_o most_o other_o nation_n in_o the_o right_n of_o immovables_n which_o we_o call_v heritable_a right_n whether_o it_o be_v of_o descendants_n or_o collateral_n but_o doubtless_o in_o that_o the_o course_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v alter_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o stock_n or_o stem_n of_o the_o family_n so_o that_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o there_o be_v no_o right_n of_o representation_n in_o collateral_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o that_o the_o child_n or_o grandchild_n of_o a_o brother_n shall_v come_v in_o with_o a_o brother_n because_o the_o propinquity_n of_o blood_n natural_a affection_n and_o so_o the_o presume_v will_n of_o the_o defunct_a be_v diminish_v but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o clear_a in_o descendants_n neither_o shall_v we_o be_v positive_a in_o it_o but_o it_o seem_v most_o suitable_a to_o reason_n and_o the_o text_n adduce_v that_o if_o the_o issue_n of_o defunct_a child_n remain_v in_o the_o family_n that_o they_o shall_v come_v in_o by_o representation_n in_o the_o place_n of_o their_o defunct_a parent_n for_o these_o that_o be_v in_o the_o family_n extend_v to_o all_o that_o be_v not_o forisfamiliat_v whether_o child_n or_o grandchild_n to_o who_o there_o remain_v like_o affection_n in_o the_o common_a parent_n but_o when_o the_o defunct_a child_n be_v forisfamiliat_v and_o so_o presume_v to_o have_v be_v provide_v and_o to_o have_v get_v a_o share_n and_o therewith_o put_v out_o of_o the_o family_n to_o live_v in_o a_o distinct_a family_n in_o that_o case_n there_o seem_v no_o ground_n for_o representation_n which_o do_v agree_v to_o our_o custom_n in_o the_o succession_n of_o movable_n wherein_o there_o be_v no_o right_n of_o representation_n but_o the_o near_a of_o kin_n exclude_v the_o issue_n of_o the_o defunct_n which_o be_v of_o the_o same_o degree_n which_o suceession_n be_v certain_o more_o near_o unto_o the_o natural_a succession_n what_o have_v be_v say_v may_v sufficient_o clear_v the_o natural_a succession_n of_o the_o defunct_n descendants_n whether_o child_n or_o grandchild_n and_o while_o there_o be_v any_o descendants_n there_o be_v place_n for_o no_o other_o 5._o the_o three_o branch_n of_o natural_a succession_n fail_v the_o express_a will_n of_o defunct_n and_o their_o descendants_n or_o the_o issue_n of_o their_o body_n be_v of_o parent_n among_o who_o these_o in_o the_o near_a degree_n be_v preferable_a as_o father_n and_o mother_n and_o if_o the_o father_n be_v dead_a there_o seem_v to_o be_v place_n for_o representation_n to_o his_o father_n to_o come_v in_o with_o the_o survive_a mother_n equal_o but_o other_o parent_n of_o or_o by_o the_o female_a line_n who_o be_v in_o another_o family_n from_o the_o ground_n lay_v in_o the_o text_n of_o provide_v these_o in_o the_o family_n seem_v not_o to_o come_v in_o to_o exclude_v brother_n and_o sister_n and_o other_o collateral_n in_o that_o family_n as_o the_o grandfather_n and_o grandmother_n on_o the_o mother_n side_n it_o will_v not_o be_v opposite_a to_o this_o which_o be_v say_v child_n be_v not_o to_o lay_v up_o for_o parent_n but_o parent_n for_o child_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v absolute_o but_o comparative_o and_o according_a to_o the_o ordinar_n course_n of_o nature_n 6._o the_o four_o link_n of_o natural_a succession_n be_v brethren_n and_o sister_n among_o who_o brethren_n and_o sister_n german_a be_v relate_v by_o both_o blood_n exclude_v these_o who_o be_v only_o of_o one_o blood_n by_o the_o father_n side_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o presume_a will_n of_o the_o defunct_a be_v from_o their_o interest_n and_o relation_n these_o of_o double_a relation_n by_o both_o blood_n be_v preferable_a to_o these_o of_o single_a relation_n 7._o the_o last_o degree_n of_o natural_a succession_n be_v of_o uncle_n aunt_n nepheus_n neices_n all_o which_o be_v in_o equal_a propinquity_n to_o the_o defunct_a come_v in_o together_o and_o faill_v these_o the_o succession_n will_v befall_v equal_o to_o the_o near_a degree_n of_o cousines_n among_o who_o the_o near_a degree_n exclude_v the_o father_n without_o right_n of_o representation_n and_o these_o conjoin_v by_o both_o blood_n exclude_v these_o onjoyn_v by_o one_o husband_n and_o wife_n do_v not_o succeed_v proper_o either_o to_o other_o but_o have_v a_o communion_n of_o good_n there_o be_v a_o division_n by_o the_o death_n of_o either_o 8._o the_o main_a question_n be_v here_o whether_o there_o be_v natural_o any_o difference_n in_o succession_n betwixt_o the_o collateral_n on_o the_o father_n side_n who_o be_v call_v agnat_n and_o the_o collateral_n on_o the_o mother_n side_n who_o be_v call_v cognat_n justinian_n in_o his_o novel_a constitution_n cap._n 4._o 127._o take_v off_o all_o distinction_n of_o agnat_n and_o cognat_n in_o succession_n for_o which_o he_o be_v general_o reprehend_v by_o interpreter_n who_o behold_v such_o a_o difference_n even_o in_o equity_n cognat_n be_v conjoin_v by_o woman_n who_o ordainary_o be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o other_o even_o natural_o by_o marriage_n and_o so_o be_v of_o another_o family_n they_o be_v not_o of_o the_o defunct_n own_o family_n as_o the_o agnat_n be_v among_o these_o the_o mother_n father_n mother_n or_o other_o ascendant_n on_o the_o father_n side_n in_o his_o family_n be_v not_o hereby_o exclude_v and_o so_o neither_o these_o or_o other_o by_o their_o express_a nor_o presume_v will_n can_v transmit_v any_o good_n or_o estate_n yet_o this_o point_n remain_v more_o dark_a and_o i_o conceive_v what_o have_v come_v by_o the_o mother_n side_n or_o by_o the_o grandmother_n etc._n etc._n therein_o the_o cognat_n of_o her_o blood_n will_v natural_o succeed_v because_o there_o be_v two_o ground_n of_o presumption_n join_v propinquity_n of_o blood_n and_o gratitude_n or_o remuneration_n to_o that_o lineage_n by_o who_o such_o thing_n by_o succession_n come_v so_o that_o paterna_fw-la paternis_fw-la materna_fw-la maternis_fw-la aught_o to_o take_v place_n in_o equity_n as_o the_o presume_a will_n of_o the_o defunct_a unless_o the_o express_a will_n or_o the_o law_n or_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n be_v to_o the_o contrare_fw-la so_o much_o for_o the_o natural_a course_n of_o succession_n which_o have_v be_v the_o more_o insist_v in_o not_o only_o to_o show_v the_o goodness_n and_o righteousness_n of_o god_n instruct_v man_n with_o a_o inbred_a law_n write_v in_o his_o heart_n though_o he_o be_v destitute_a of_o any_o humane_a constitution_n or_o custom_n so_o that_o he_o may_v walk_v just_o in_o this_o important_a matter_n of_o succession_n albeit_o all_o the_o line_n of_o this_o divine_a impression_n be_v no_o clear_a to_o our_o sin-dimmed_n eye_n but_o also_o that_o where_o positive_a law_n or_o custom_n be_v dubious_a in_o the_o matter_n of_o succession_n or_o be_v defective_a therein_o emendation_n and_o extension_n may_v be_v fetch_v thereto_o from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n we_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o god_n give_v to_o israel_n concern_v
expediency_n be_v to_o lyca_n a_o guilt_n upon_o their_o conscience_n but_o that_o bona_fw-la fides_fw-la or_o conscientia_fw-la illesa_fw-es so_o much_o speak_v of_o in_o the_o law_n be_v that_o which_o clear_v and_o acquit_v man_n in_o such_o mistake_n from_o this_o freedom_n do_v arise_v not_o only_o our_o personal_a freedom_n and_o liberty_n whereby_o man_n be_v svi_fw-la juris_fw-la but_o also_o their_o power_n of_o the_o disposel_n of_o other_o thing_n within_o their_o reach_n or_o that_o dominion_n which_o god_n have_v give_v they_o over_o the_o creature_n 20._o as_o freedom_n begin_v where_o obedience_n end_v so_o engagement_n begin_v where_o freedom_n end_v it_o be_v our_o voluntar_n obliege_v of_o ourselves_o where_o by_o nature_n we_o be_v free_a every_o such_o obligation_n be_v a_o diminution_n of_o that_o freedom_n for_o thereby_o we_o be_v either_o restrain_v from_o that_o power_n of_o disposel_n of_o the_o creature_n or_o may_v be_v constrain_v to_o some_o performance_n contrair_a to_o our_o natural_a liberty_n some_o hold_v it_o not_o lawful_a for_o we_o to_o give_v away_o our_o native_a freedoom_v in_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n or_o to_o bind_v ourselves_o where_o god_n have_v leave_v we_o free_a and_o that_o such_o engagement_n except_o where_o they_o be_v profitable_a for_o we_o or_o for_o a_o equivalent_a cause_n be_v not_o obligatory_a which_o shall_v be_v more_o proper_a to_o debate_v when_o we_o come_v to_o the_o obligation_n by_o paction_n promise_v or_o contract_n all_o which_o do_v arise_v from_o the_o principle_n of_o engagement_n but_o it_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a here_o to_o conclude_v with_o the_o law_n that_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o natural_a than_o to_o stand_v to_o the_o faith_n of_o our_o paction_n this_o much_o for_o the_o common_a principle_n of_o law_n 21._o as_o to_o the_o object_n thereof_o the_o formal_a and_o proper_a object_n of_o law_n be_v the_o right_n of_o man_n a_o right_n be_v a_o power_n give_v by_o the_o law_n of_o dispose_v of_o thing_n or_o exact_v from_o person_n that_o which_o they_o be_v due_a this_o will_v be_v evident_a if_o we_o consider_v the_o several_a kind_n of_o right_n which_o be_v three_o our_o personal_a liberty_n dominion_n and_o obligation_n personal_a liberty_n be_v the_o power_n to_o dispose_v of_o our_o person_n and_o to_o live_v where_o and_o as_o we_o please_v except_o in_o so_o far_o as_o by_o obedience_n or_o engagement_n we_o be_v bind_v dominion_n be_v the_o power_n of_o disposal_n of_o the_o creature_n in_o their_o substance_n fruit_n and_o use_v obligation_n be_v that_o which_o be_v correspondent_a to_o a_o personal_a right_n which_o have_v no_o proper_a name_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o creditor_n but_o have_v the_o name_n of_o obligation_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o debtor_n and_o it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o legal_a tie_n whereby_o the_o debtor_n may_v be_v compel_v to_o pay_v or_o perform_v something_o to_o which_o he_o be_v bind_v by_o obedience_n to_o god_n or_o by_o his_o own_o consent_n and_o engagement_n unto_o which_o bond_n the_o correlate_n in_o the_o creditor_n be_v the_o power_n of_o exaction_n whereby_o he_o may_v exact_v obtain_v or_o compel_v the_o debtor_n to_o pay_v or_o perform_v what_o be_v due_a and_o this_o be_v call_v a_o personal_a right_n as_o look_v direct_o to_o the_o person_n oblige_v but_o to_o thing_n indirect_o as_o they_o belong_v to_o that_o person_n so_o dominion_n be_v call_v a_o real_a right_n because_o it_o respect_v thing_n direct_o but_o person_n as_o they_o have_v meddle_v with_o these_o thing_n by_o which_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o all_o right_n consist_v in_o a_o power_n or_o faculty_n the_o act_n whereof_o be_v possession_n enjoyment_n or_o use_v which_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o no_o point_n of_o right_n and_o which_o may_v be_v where_o no_o right_n be_v as_o right_o may_v be_v where_o these_o be_v not_o 22._o the_o roman_a law_n take_v up_o for_o its_o object_n person_n thing_n and_o action_n and_o according_a to_o these_o order_n itself_o but_o these_o be_v only_o the_o extrinsic_a object_n and_o matter_n about_o which_o law_n and_o right_o be_v versant_a but_o the_o proper_a object_n be_v the_o right_n itself_o whether_o it_o concern_v person_n thing_n or_o action_n and_o according_a to_o the_o several_a right_n and_o their_o natural_a order_n the_o order_n of_o 〈◊〉_d may_v be_v take_v up_o in_o a_o threefold_a consideration_n first_o in_o their_o constitution_n and_o nature_n second_o in_o their_o conveyance_n or_o translation_n from_o one_o person_n to_o another_o whether_o it_o be_v among_o the_o live_n or_o from_o the_o dead_a three_o in_o their_o cognition_n which_o comprehend_v the_o trial_n decision_n and_o execution_n of_o every_o right_n by_o the_o legal_a remeid_n whereby_o the_o whole_a method_n may_v be_v clear_o thus_o first_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o several_a right_n and_o because_o liberty_n stand_v in_o the_o midst_n betwixt_o obligation_n of_o obedience_n which_o be_v anterior_a and_o of_o engagement_n which_o be_v posterior_n but_o both_o these_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n must_v be_v handle_v together_o and_o therefore_o liberty_n must_v have_v the_o first_o place_n and_o next_o obligation_n obediential_a and_o then_o conventional_a and_o after_o these_o dominion_n in_o all_o its_o part_n and_o in_o the_o second_o place_n shall_v follow_v the_o conveyance_n of_o these_o several_a right_n and_o last_o cognition_n of_o all_o the_o judicial_a process_n and_o execution_n right_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o matter_n be_v divide_v in_o public_a and_o private_a right_n public_a right_n be_v these_o which_o concern_v the_o state_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n private_a right_n be_v the_o right_n of_o person_n and_o particular_a incorporation_n of_o which_o in_o their_o place_n title_n ii_o of_o liberty_n 1._o liberty_n describe_v 2._o liberty_n distinct_a from_o dominion_n and_o obligation_n 3._o the_o principle_n whence_o liberty_n arise_v 4._o restraint_n and_o constraint_n 5._o liberty_n be_v bound_v by_o obedience_n 6._o it_o be_v diminish_v by_o delinquence_n 7._o by_o engagement_n 8._o by_o subjection_n 9_o liberty_n be_v lose_v by_o bondage_n 10._o bondage_n introduce_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n 11._o bondage_n lawful_a 12._o manrent_a 13._o manumission_n 14._o patronage_n 15._o the_o condition_n of_o our_o servant_n 16._o injury_n against_o liberty_n how_o obviat_fw-la 1._o liberty_n be_v that_o natural_a power_n which_o man_n have_v of_o his_o own_o person_n whence_o a_o free_a man_n be_v say_v to_o be_v suae_fw-la potestatis_fw-la in_o his_o own_o power_n and_o it_o be_v define_v in_o the_o law_n to_o be_v a_o natural_a faculty_n to_o do_v that_o which_o every_o man_n please_v unless_o he_o be_v hinder_v by_o law_n or_o force_n 2._o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o right_n distinct_a from_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o creature_n and_o from_o obligation_n it_o be_v evident_a from_o this_o that_o it_o can_v be_v refer_v to_o none_o of_o these_o and_o yet_o be_v the_o most_o native_a and_o delightful_a right_n of_o man_n without_o which_o he_o be_v capable_a of_o no_o other_o right_n so_o bondage_n exeem_v man_n from_o the_o account_n of_o person_n and_o bring_v he_o rather_o in_o among_o thing_n quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o patrimonio_fw-la nostro_fw-la and_o the_o encroachment_n upon_o and_o injury_n against_o the_o right_n of_o liberty_n of_o all_o other_o be_v the_o most_o bitter_a and_o attrocious_a for_o the_o non-performance_n of_o obligation_n or_o duty_n to_o we_o or_o the_o take_n away_o or_o detain_v of_o the_o thing_n of_o our_o property_n be_v not_o to_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o lay_v violent_a hand_n on_o our_o person_n 3._o this_o right_n arise_v from_o that_o principle_n of_o freedom_n that_o man_n have_v of_o himself_o and_o of_o other_o thing_n beside_o man_n to_o do_v in_o relation_n thereto_o as_o he_o please_v except_o where_o he_o be_v tie_v thereunto_o by_o his_o obedience_n or_o engagement_n and_o this_o part_n of_o it_o which_o concern_v personal_a freedom_n be_v maintain_v by_o that_o common_a receive_v principle_n in_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n of_o self-defence_n and_o preservation_n for_o as_o cicero_n say_v in_o his_o oration_n pro_fw-la millone_n haec_fw-la &_o ratio_fw-la doctis_fw-la &_o necessitas_fw-la barbaris_fw-la &_o mos_fw-la gentibus_fw-la &_o feris_fw-la natura_fw-la ipsa_fw-la prescripsit_fw-la ut_fw-la omnem_fw-la semper_fw-la vim_o quacunque_fw-la open_a a_o corpore_fw-la a_o capite_fw-la a_o vita_fw-la sua_fw-la pro_fw-la pulsarint_fw-la and_o as_o say_v gain_n adver_o sus_fw-la periculum_fw-la naturalis_fw-la ratio_fw-la permittit_fw-la se_fw-la defendere_fw-la which_o be_v only_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o private_a and_o unlawful_a violence_n 4._o opposite_a unto_o liberty_n be_v restraint_n and_o constraint_n restraint_n hinder_v man_n to_o be_v where_o and_o go_v whither_o he_o will_v and_o constraint_n force_v he_o