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A05099 The second part of the French academie VVherein, as it were by a naturall historie of the bodie and soule of man, the creation, matter, composition, forme, nature, profite and vse of all the partes of the frame of man are handled, with the naturall causes of all affections, vertues and vices, and chiefly the nature, powers, workes and immortalitie of the soule. By Peter de la Primaudaye Esquier, Lord of the same place and of Barre. And translated out of the second edition, which was reuiewed and augmented by the author.; Academie françoise. Part 2. English La Primaudaye, Pierre de, b. ca. 1545.; Bowes, Thomas, fl. 1586. 1594 (1594) STC 15238; ESTC S108297 614,127 592

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reason For if the Angels and soules of men were of the proper substance and essence of God they should not bee creatures but Gods themselues equall in substance and essence with him as wee say of the Sonne begotten of the Father and of the holy Ghost proceeding from them both in the matter of the vnitie trinitie of the diuine nature which by this meanes shoulde bee diuided into partes and so nothing at all resemble the fountaine and substance from which they are drawen as I shewed euen nowe And albeit the Philosophers and Heathen Poets did not so well vnderstand this matter as Saint Paul neuerthelesse when they sayde that the soule of man was of the diuine nature and part thereof it is very likely they had regarde to the reasons touched by mee not meaning that it was of the very substance and essence of God I speake of them that were of greatest vnderstanding and that wrote best and namely of them that did best vnderstande the Philosophie of Plato For hee confesseth and testifieth plainly that the Angels themselues both good and bad whome in his language he calleth dae●ones as the other Grecians doe are creatures of another essence and substance then God is of and that they are not immortall of themselues but haue their immortalitie of God their Creator who both giueth it and preserueth them in it and could take it from them if hee would and dissolue them as well as hee hath made them Nowe if he supposed God to speake so to his Angels and to declare these things vnto them a man may easily iudge that hee placeth not the soules of men aboue the Angels whome hee taketh to be of a more excellent nature as he sheweth euidently by that which he hath written of them both In which writing wee may see manie things touching these matters which come neerer to the doctrine of the holy Scriptures and of true religion then in the writings of many others who yeelded no further then they were able to knowe and conceiue by naturall things without going any further For they doe not conceiue so well either of the nature of God or of that of Angels or of the soules of men as this Philosopher doeth Moreouer we are to know that Plato had other helpes and more light them from his natural reason whereby he attayned to the vnderstanding of that which others were ignorant of who busied themselues onely about nature and naturall things For hee conuersed with the Egyptians as Pythagoras did before him of whome they learned manie points touching diuine things which they should neuer haue learned of the Grecians nor out of their Philosophie For the Egyptians had great acquaintance and familiaritie with the people of Israel that dwelt in their land and with many of the ancient Patriarkes of whom they had learned manie things of the diuinitie and of the nature of soules But all they that haue beene destitute of the chiefe light of the spirite of God haue still mingled many dreames a middest their writings as we haue alreadie heard and shall heare more in the sequele of our speech Yet first we will note howe not onely manie amongst the Heathen Philosophers but also amongst the Christians haue imagined that the soules of men are the substance of God I omit to speake of the Heretikes as the Priscilianists and some others that haue been of this opinion but I wonder at Lactantius a man of a right Christian heart who seemeth to haue beene of this opinion And there haue beene some that reasoned after this manner that if it bee to bee vnderstood that of the breath issuing foorth out of the mouth of God the soule was created and inspired into the body of man then it followeth thereupon that it is of his verie substance and equall to that wisedome which sayeth I am come out of the mouth of the most High But that wisedome saieth not that shee was breathed out of the mouth of God but that shee came out of it Now as when we breathe we make a blast not of our nature whereby we are men but of this ayre rounde about vs which wee drawe in and out by breathing so the Almightie God made a blast not of his nature nor of this creature of the aire rounde about vs but euen of nothing Which was saide very fittely to haue beene inspired or breathed when it was created in the bodie of man by God who being himselfe incorporeall and not of a bodily substance made the soule also incorporeall but yet he beeing vnchangeable made the soule mutable because himselfe beeing vncreated made that a creature But let vs goe on with the Philosophie of the Platonists Wee haue heard their opinion touching the birth of soules their entrie into the bodie and the pollution which they receiue thereby namely that the soules of men are created long before their bodies but are afterwarde sent into them when they are begotten and borne in the worlde at which time they are defiled as hath beene declared But further according to the opinion of Pythagoras who is sayde to bee the first Authour thereof they imagined that after a soule was once entred into a bodie it neuer ceased to goe from body to body entring into one bodie out of another So that when it went out of one bodie it entred into another whether it were of a man or of a beast or of a plant For they put no difference betweene the bodies of any liuing creatures whatsoeuer but spake as if euerie soule were fitte for euerie bodie so that according as euerie soule guided and gouerned it selfe in that bodie in which it had liued before it was receaued into another bodie beeing such a one as it had deserued eyther by her vices or by her vertues Therefore those that had taken the way of vertue entered into humane bodies woorthie their vertue into such as had beene called to honourable offices and estates and as vertue had preuayled most with euerie one so were they more or lesse honoured in their bodies And if so bee they had ledde a brutish rather then a humane and reasonable life they passed into the bodies of plantes or of beastes whose nature resembled the life which they had ledde in their former bodies This Transmigration of Soules they called Regeneration because it was vnto them as it were a generation and newe birth in respect of their life and conuersation which before they ledde in the worlde Moreouer they accounted this regeneration to be a kinde of purgation and satisfaction because that by this meanes euery soule was punished or rewarded honoured or dishonoured according to her worthinesse or vnworthinesse and that so long vntill shee were reduced to her first and right estate There haue beene Heretikes of olde who following the opinion of the Platonists affirmed that no soule coulde bee fully purged and bee at rest and cease from passing out of one
the immortality of soules But they will giue no credite to any thing that we fetch from the saying of Pythagoras and Socrates and from the writings of Plato Aristotle Cicero Plutarch and an infinite number of other excellent Philosophers of all nations who haue all taught that there is a diuine prouidence and iustice and that the soule is immortall What shal we say then where shall we seeke for arguments which they will vouchsafe to heare I haue heard them say sometimes that they would giue credite to naturall Philosophy in those things wherein the causes are prooued by their effects Now if we take this course to prooue vnto them a godhead his prouidence his future iudgement and the immortalitie of the soule which way soeuer we turne our selues eyther vpward or downward on the right hand or on the left we shall find testimonies euery where which they may not in any wise reiect For we haue nature the necessitie of causes proportion and similitude the life decency and dignity of man the goodnesse of God the vtility that commeth by mankind proceeding from the bounty of God all which with one common consent and as it were with one voyce doe teach cry that there is one God creator gouernor of the whole world and that the soule of man cannot be mortall Hereof it is that the holy Ghost doth often propound vnto vs in holy scriptures this whole visible world as a great booke of nature and of true naturall diuinitie all the creatures as preachers and generall witnesses of God their creator of his workes and of his glory Neuerthelesse there are but fewe that haue such eyes as are requisite for the reading of this booke or fit eares to heare the voyce and to vnderstand the sermons of these naturall preachers no not amongst them that are most skilfull and best studied in the searching out of nature and haue greatest knowledge of naturall things of liberall arts and of all humane philosophy For there are as many yea moe to whom in this respect the selfe same thing is befallen which long since befell to the first and greatest philosophers vnto whom Saint Paul obiecteth this by way of reproch that when they knew God by the works of the creation of the world wherein he maketh his power his eternall and inuisible Godhead as it were visible vnto vs they did not glorifie him as God but withheld the trueth in vnrighteousnesse And yet it wil not be a hard matter for vs God being our helper to make it manifest by the consideration not onely of the whole frame but of the least creature therein especially of the body and soule of man who is a litle world and of the creation nature dignitie and excellency of both his parts how not onely the simplest and most ignorant may and ought to learne to know God his prouidence ouer euery nature and so to honor and to glorifie him as hee hath bound them thereunto but also how the wisest ought to direct all their skill and knowledge which they haue in naturall philosophy to this selfe same end As for those that make open profession of Atheisme and refuse the testimonies which God in his word setteth downe vnto vs of himselfe of his prouidence and of all things belonging to the saluation and soueraigne good of men they shal haue yet wil they nill they ynough probable reasons to prooue all these things so that we may easily conuince and prooue vnto them by these testimonies which euery one of them carieth about in himselfe both the immortality of the soule as also the religion of God and of his prouidence For these three things are so linked together that in no wise they cannot neyther ought to be separated so that he which admitteth the one must of necessitie approoue the others and if he doubt of the one he reiecteth all As therefore my companions some yeeres past after our returne from warre we tooke occasion vpon the corruption that then was in all the estates of Fraunce and the forlorne manners which raigned in euery one to meete together and to discourse in our Academy of the institution in good manners and of the meanes to liue well and happily to the end that in renuing the memory of our former studies we might begin to direct our life to that principall end which the Philosophers appoint thereof namely vertuous actions So I thinke that euen now we haue an other good occasion to read in this great booke of nature and to bring one to another whatsoeuer we haue learned concerning the nature of man For first we haue leaue in regard of our Princes seruice to recreate our selues for a while in our owne houses Againe the selfe same place where we met so fitly and wherein we began our former discourses of Philosophy doth inuite vs to proceed in them Moreouer we doubt not of the combat which is prepared for vs when we shal visite our neighbours and friends amongst whom many professe themselues better Philosophers then good Christians We know also into what straights we haue bene brought in our masters courts and let vs not hope that the perill will be lesse when their seruice shall recall vs neere vnto them Wherefore we shal doe well to arme our selues now with all the reasons and testimonies which wee haue in nature against that Epicurean doctrine whose only drift is by denying the immortalitie of the soule to turne men from all religion and feare of God For thus doing we shall not onely greatly profite our selues but them also who being in danger to be seduced by such deceiuers shall heare vs now and then reason with them who feeling themselues conuinced by naturall reasons wherein they supposed to haue greatest strength will not be so bold to vomit their poyson before others but shall be constrained to d●gest it by themselues ●o heir owne confusion and ouerthrow I desire therefore my companions to know how you stand affected towards this my intent and purpose AMANA If euer there were age wherein those signes of the end of the world which the spirit of God hath foretold vs haue bene seene it is this wherein they are so apparant that there is no one body if he be not depriued of all discourse of reason who doth not acknowledge them very euidently For we are fallen into those times wherein store of false prophets are arisen haue seduced many wherein all iniquity is increased and charitie altogether frozen Which thing hath discouered not only many false religions but also Atheisme which is farre worse For without doubt they that are altogether voyd of religion are farther off frō true religion then they that follow one that is false And yet there are as many yea moe at this day that doe openly shew themselues to be Atheists Epicures then there are of those that are taken for good Christians If in outward shew they professe religion it is but to couer