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nature_n figure_n matter_n motion_n 3,415 5 9.0997 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A45638 The atheistical objections against the being of a God and his attributes fairly considered and fully refuted in eight sermons, preach'd in the cathedral-church of St. Paul, London, 1698 : being the seventh year of the lecture founded by the Honourable Robert Boyle, Esq. / by John Harris ... Harris, John, 1667?-1719. 1698 (1698) Wing H845; ESTC R15119 126,348 235

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plutarch_n describe_v the_o deity_n have_v these_o remarkable_a word_n god_n be_v mind_n a_o separate_a form_n perfect_o unmix_v with_o matter_n and_o without_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v passable_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o in_o another_o place_n he_o assert_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o it_o be_v impossible_a matter_n alone_o can_v be_v the_o sole_a principle_n of_o all_o thing_n 3._o plato_n every_o where_o distinguish_v between_o corporeal_a and_o incorporeal_a substance_n call_v the_o former_a by_o the_o name_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sensible_n and_o the_o latter_a always_o either_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d immaterial_a or_o intelligible_a and_o he_o say_v that_o certain_a intelligible_a and_o incorporeal_a form_n be_v the_o true_a and_o first_o substance_n and_o that_o incorporeal_a thing_n which_o be_v the_o great_a and_o most_o excellent_a of_o all_o other_o be_v discoverable_a by_o reason_n only_o and_o nothing_o else_o ficin_n and_o in_o another_o place_n he_o say_v that_o they_o be_v instruct_v by_o their_o forefather_n that_o mind_n and_o a_o certain_a wonderful_a wisdom_n do_v at_o first_o frame_n and_o do_v now_o govern_v all_o thing_n his_o word_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o phileb_n p._n 28._o which_o sufficient_o show_v the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o notion_n of_o a_o incorporeal_a deity_n and_o the_o way_n also_o how_o they_o come_v by_o it_o of_o the_o same_o opinion_n also_o be_v socrates_n as_o we_o be_v tell_v by_o plutarch_n and_o other_o lib._n de_fw-fr placit_fw-la philos._n 1._o c._n 3._o zeno_n and_o the_o stoic_n define_v the_o deity_n to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o intellectual_a and_o rational_a nature_n or_o as_o plutarch_n recite_v their_o opinion_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o intelligent_a spirit_n devoid_a of_o all_o bodily_a shape_n ibid._n and_o sextus_n empericus_n tell_v we_o of_o aristotle_n that_o he_o constant_o assert_v god_n to_o be_v incorporeal_a and_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o the_o universe_n 155._o and_o aristotle_n conclude_v his_o book_n of_o physics_n with_o affirm_v 15._o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a the_o first_o mover_n or_o god_n can_v have_v any_o magnitude_n but_o he_o must_v needs_o be_v devoid_a of_o part_n and_o indivisible_a and_o plutarch_n give_v we_o this_o as_o the_o receive_a and_o common_a opinion_n of_o the_o stoic_n that_o god_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o spirit_n that_o be_v extend_v or_o do_v penetrate_v throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la philosoph_n lib._n 1._o c._n 3._o p._n 882._o now_o by_o these_o passage_n and_o many_o other_o that_o may_v easy_o be_v produce_v it_o appear_v very_o plain_a that_o the_o most_o ancient_a writer_n have_v a_o good_a clear_a notion_n of_o god_n and_o that_o they_o speak_v of_o he_o as_o of_o a_o mind_n perfect_o distinct_a from_o matter_n or_o as_o a_o immaterial_a 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the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o contradistinction_n to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v they_o distinguish_v it_o to_o be_v of_o a_o pure_a passive_a nature_n and_o which_o be_v act_v and_o determine_v only_o by_o impulse_n from_o without_o it_o or_o distinct_a from_o it_o they_o know_v very_o well_o that_o there_o be_v also_o beside_o it_o some_o active_a thing_n something_o that_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o motion_n and_o action_n in_o the_o universe_n for_o as_o plutarch_n well_o observe_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 3._o it_o be_v impossible_a matter_n alone_o can_v produce_v any_o thing_n unless_o there_o be_v beside_o it_o some_o active_a cause_n sextus_n empiricus_n also_o give_v this_o definition_n of_o matter_n or_o body_n 32._o that_o it_o be_v that_o which_o resist_v other_o thing_n which_o be_v bring_v against_o it_o for_o resistance_n say_v he_o or_o impenetrability_n be_v the_o 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towards_o produce_v of_o cogitation_n wisdom_n and_o understanding_n or_o to_o the_o production_n of_o life_n self_n activity_n or_o spontaneous_a power_n and_o yet_o these_o be_v the_o most_o great_a and_o noble_a thing_n in_o the_o world_n these_o be_v the_o high_a perfection_n of_o the_o divine_a nature_n and_o in_o these_o we_o place_v the_o essence_n of_o the_o deity_n now_o here_o matter_n and_o motion_n be_v more_o than_o ever_o at_o a_o loss_n and_o i_o think_v it_o demonstrative_o certain_a that_o it_o can_v account_v for_o these_o thing_n aristotle_n do_v very_o true_o find_v fault_n with_o the_o corporealist_n of_o his_o time_n that_o they_o do_v not_o as_o we_o can_v now_o assign_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 3._o any_o cause_n of_o well_o and_o fit_a any_o origin_n of_o or_o reason_n for_o that_o wisdom_n and_o regularity_n that_o harmonious_a relation_n and_o aptitude_n of_o one_o part_n of_o the_o creation_n to_o another_o which_o be_v so_o very_o conspicuous_a in_o 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of_o think_v that_o matter_n can_v be_v rarify_v into_o a_o deity_n and_o that_o divine_a and_o almighty_a wisdom_n knowledge_n goodness_n and_o power_n be_v the_o result_n of_o body_n lucky_o dispose_v and_o move_v which_o yet_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o hobbs_n and_o be_v still_o of_o many_o of_o his_o admirer_n and_o follower_n for_o notwithstanding_o those_o excellent_a demonstration_n that_o many_o learned_a man_n other_o among_o we_o have_v establish_v that_o matter_n and_o motion_n can_v possible_o produce_v cogitation_n consciousness_n understanding_n and_o liberty_n of_o will_n there_o be_v late_o a_o ignorant_a corporealist_n who_o assert_n 10._o that_o the_o inflame_v and_o glow_a particle_n of_o the_o blood_n call_v spirit_n though_o they_o be_v not_o in_o themselves_o sentient_a and_o intelligent_a be_v yet_o the_o active_a principle_n of_o life_n and_o motion_n of_o sense_n and_o understanding_n in_o
in_o the_o world_n and_o if_o these_o can_v full_o be_v make_v to_o appear_v i_o hope_v the_o doctrine_n involve_v with_o they_o will_v also_o appear_v false_a and_o precarious_a and_o that_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n of_o the_o real_a existence_n of_o incorporeal_a being_n will_v find_v a_o easy_a admittance_n into_o our_o faith_n but_o here_o i_o must_v premise_v as_o take_v for_o grant_v that_o we_o be_v all_o agree_v on_o the_o definition_n of_o or_o know_v what_o we_o mean_v by_o matter_n or_o body_n viz._n that_o it_o be_v substance_n impenetrable_o extend_v whereby_o we_o distinguish_v it_o from_o spirit_n which_o be_v a_o think_v substance_n without_o corporeal_a extension_n or_o without_o have_v part_n extra_fw-la part_n for_o if_o this_o be_v not_o the_o notion_n which_o our_o adversary_n have_v of_o it_o as_o well_o as_o we_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o dispute_v about_o it_o at_o all_o if_o therefore_o they_o have_v any_o other_o idea_n of_o it_o that_o be_v different_a from_o this_o let_v they_o produce_v it_o and_o make_v it_o as_o clear_v and_o intelligible_a as_o this_o be_v for_o without_o do_v so_o they_o do_v nothing_o to_o the_o purpose_n and_o if_o they_o have_v not_o a_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n of_o matter_n or_o body_n how_o come_v they_o so_o bold_o to_o say_v that_o matter_n and_o substance_n be_v all_o one_o how_o can_v they_o distinguish_v the_o idea_n of_o body_n and_o spirit_n so_o plain_o as_o to_o be_v sure_a there_o can_v be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o incorporeal_a substance_n but_o that_o it_o imply_v a_o contradiction_n unless_o they_o full_o know_v what_o matter_n or_o body_n be_v there_o may_v be_v million_o of_o variety_n and_o degree_n of_o immaterial_a substance_n or_o there_o may_v be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o body_n at_o all_o for_o any_o thing_n they_o can_v prove_v to_o the_o contrary_n the_o atheist_n must_v then_o do_v one_o of_o these_o two_o thing_n he_o must_v either_o establish_v a_o new_a notion_n of_o matter_n that_o shall_v be_v so_o intelligible_a and_o plain_a that_o all_o mankind_n shall_v as_o ready_o acquiesce_v in_o it_o as_o they_o do_v in_o the_o old_a and_o common_a one_o or_o else_o he_o must_v resolve_v to_o keep_v to_o that_o the_o former_a of_o these_o he_o have_v not_o yet_o do_v nor_o i_o believe_v be_v very_o ready_a to_o do_v but_o when_o he_o do_v it_o it_o will_v be_v time_n enough_o to_o consider_v it_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n i_o will_v ready_o join_v issue_n with_o he_o on_o the_o common_a and_o receive_a notion_n of_o body_n and_o from_o thence_o undertake_v to_o maintain_v that_o nothing_o be_v more_o absurd_a and_o unaccountable_a than_o their_o assertion_n that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o substance_n but_o matter_n or_o body_n in_o the_o world_n for_o first_o have_v there_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o matter_n in_o the_o world_n from_o eternity_n and_o if_o there_o be_v nothing_o else_o now_o there_o never_o be_v any_o thing_n else_o i_o can_v possible_o see_v how_o these_o gentleman_n can_v account_v for_o motion_n laert._n or_o show_v we_o how_o matter_n come_v first_o to_o be_v move_v and_o matter_n without_o motion_n sure_o can_v never_o be_v god_n never_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o any_o thing_n nor_o can_v it_o ever_o produce_v act_n or_o do_v any_o thing_n whatever_o before_o motion_n begin_v matter_n can_v have_v be_v nothing_o but_o a_o heavy_a lifeless_a lump_n of_o vast_a extend_a bulk_n which_o must_v have_v lie_v also_o for_o ever_o in_o the_o same_o dead_a and_o unactive_a position_n if_o nothing_o have_v be_v superinduce_v to_o put_v it_o into_o motion_n and_o action_n and_o no_o one_o sure_a can_v be_v so_o stupid_a as_o to_o call_v this_o a_o deity_n this_o be_v as_o mr._n blount_n rude_o and_o irreverent_o express_v himself_o worse_o than_o to_o suppose_v 127._o a_o hum-drum-deity_n chew_v of_o his_o own_o nature_n a_o drone_a god_n that_o sit_v hoard_v up_o of_o his_o providence_n from_o his_o creature_n and_o this_o even_o he_o can_v but_o acknowledge_v be_v a_o atheism_n no_o less_o irrational_a than_o to_o deny_v the_o very_a essence_n of_o a_o divine_a be_v i_o hope_v therefore_o they_o will_v grant_v that_o matter_n without_o motion_n can_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v a_o deity_n and_o if_o so_o than_o the_o divine_a nature_n whatever_o it_o be_v must_v be_v something_o distinct_a from_o and_o more_o noble_a than_o matter_n and_o more_o akin_a to_o motion_n than_o to_o matter_n or_o body_n in_o general_n or_o to_o it_o quatenus_fw-la matter_n as_o the_o school_n speak_v and_o indeed_o motion_n take_v in_o this_o sense_n not_o for_o a_o translation_n of_o body_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o but_o for_o the_o active_a cause_n of_o motion_n may_v be_v very_o well_o say_v to_o be_v incorporeal_a or_o the_o deity_n itself_o but_o how_o come_v this_o motion_n into_o matter_n at_o first_o and_o which_o way_n do_v matter_n attain_v this_o divine_a activity_n or_o godlike_a energy_n here_o they_o must_v assert_v one_o of_o these_o three_o thing_n either_o 1._o that_o motion_n come_v into_o matter_n from_o something_o without_o it_o and_o distinct_a from_o it_o or_o 2._o that_o motion_n be_v essential_a to_o matter_n and_o coeternal_a with_o it_o or_o 3._o that_o it_o come_v into_o it_o afterward_o by_o chance_n or_o without_o any_o cause_n at_o all_o the_o first_o of_o these_o they_o will_v not_o say_v i_o doubt_v because_o it_o be_v truth_n but_o however_o if_o they_o do_v our_o controversy_n be_v at_o a_o end_n for_o we_o believe_v that_o it_o be_v a_o divine_a and_o powerful_a mind_n perfect_o distinct_a from_o and_o more_o noble_a than_o matter_n who_o first_o make_v it_o and_o move_v it_o and_o do_v still_o continue_v to_o modify_v and_o dispose_v it_o according_a to_o his_o infinite_a wisdom_n and_o providence_n and_o one_o will_v think_v no_o man_n can_v be_v so_o senseless_a as_o to_o maintain_v the_o last_o viz._n that_o motion_n come_v into_o matter_n without_o any_o cause_n at_o all_o and_o that_o it_o be_v chance_n only_o that_o first_o produce_v it_o for_o chance_n here_o signify_v nothing_o in_o reality_n and_o true_o man_n that_o will_v be_v so_o ridiculous_o absurd_a as_o to_o assert_v that_o a_o body_n or_o particle_n of_o matter_n that_o be_v once_o at_o rest_n may_v move_v by_o chance_n only_o or_o may_v chance_v to_o move_v of_o itself_o though_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o cause_v its_o motion_n deserve_v no_o serious_a refutation_n but_o aught_o to_o be_v treat_v only_o as_o we_o do_v fool_n and_o madman_n with_o silent_a pity_n and_o compassion_n and_o yet_o so_o very_o fond_a be_v some_o person_n of_o any_o thing_n that_o oppose_v truth_n that_o they_o will_v run_v into_o the_o great_a absurdity_n to_o maintain_v it_o for_o a_o late_a corporealist_n be_v please_v to_o say_v 7._o that_o matter_n can_v move_v of_o itself_o and_o to_o show_v his_o deep_a skill_n in_o philosophy_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o wind_n fire_n and_o very_a fine-sifted_n small_a dust_n be_v matter_n and_o yet_o self_n mover_n and_o of_o wind_n and_o fire_n he_o profound_o assert_n that_o they_o can_v lose_v their_o motion_n or_o cease_v move_a so_o long_o as_o they_o continue_v to_o be_v wind_n and_o fire_n that_o be_v as_o long_o as_o wind_n and_o fire_n be_v in_o motion_n they_o can_v cease_v to_o move_v this_o indeed_o be_v a_o very_a deep_a and_o important_a discovery_n but_o yet_o it_o be_v what_o hardly_o any_o man_n will_v have_v publish_v in_o print_n but_o one_o that_o conclude_v a_o body_n must_v needs_o move_v of_o itself_o only_o because_o he_o can_v see_v with_o his_o eye_n the_o cause_n or_o origin_n of_o its_o motion_n and_o yet_o even_o this_o he_o may_v often_o see_v in_o the_o case_n of_o fire_n if_o he_o will_v but_o vouchsafe_v to_o observe_v how_o it_o be_v usual_o kindle_v a_o little_a consideration_n will_v have_v satisfy_v he_o also_o that_o wind_n may_v be_v produce_v in_o the_o atmosphere_n by_o the_o air_n be_v be_v move_v some_o way_n by_o heat_n compression_n or_o some_o other_o accidental_a cause_n as_o well_o as_o in_o a_o eolipile_n or_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_n and_o as_o for_o his_o fine_a dust_n rise_v up_o in_o a_o cloud_n of_o itself_o have_v he_o understand_v that_o the_o agitation_n of_o any_o fluid_a will_v keep_v the_o small_a particle_n of_o any_o heavy_a matter_n mix_v with_o it_o from_o descend_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o nay_o and_o raise_v they_o up_o from_o thence_o too_o and_o have_v he_o not_o forget_v that_o this_o be_v the_o case_n here_o the_o air_n be_v so_o agitate_a by_o the_o motion_n of_o sift_v he_o will_v not_o sure_a have_v be_v so_o silly_a as_o to_o have_v bring_v these_o as_o instance_n of_o spontaneous_a motion_n
cogitation_n can_v arise_v from_o incogitative_a matter_n and_o this_o spinoza_n see_v very_o well_o and_o therefore_o he_o assert_v all_o cogitation_n as_o well_o as_o all_o substance_n to_o be_v infinite_a 5._o indeed_o to_o avoid_v this_o abominable_a absurdity_n of_o each_o particle_n of_o matter_n be_v be_v god_n by_o itself_o he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o only_a substance_n in_o nature_n and_o that_o this_o be_v god_n 12._o but_o this_o will_v not_o help_v he_o out_o nor_o do_v he_o much_o service_n in_o defend_v he_o from_o the_o horrid_a absurdity_n of_o this_o notion_n for_o if_o by_o substance_n he_o mean_v only_a substance_n in_o general_n or_o the_o idea_n that_o we_o have_v of_o some_o substratum_fw-la support_v or_o subject_n of_o inhesion_n in_o which_o we_o conceive_v the_o property_n and_o accident_n of_o real_a being_n to_n inhere_o as_o by_o his_o definition_n of_o substance_n he_o seem_v to_o imply_v it_o be_v plain_a this_o be_v only_o a_o metaphysical_a notion_n only_o a_o general_a word_n or_o term_n that_o serve_v to_o denote_v our_o conception_n of_o something_o in_o a_o be_v that_o do_v not_o depend_v upon_o the_o property_n of_o it_o nor_o inhere_o in_o they_o but_o they_o upon_o and_o in_o it_o but_o we_o can_v have_v no_o notion_n of_o substance_n exist_v without_o any_o property_n any_o more_o than_o of_o property_n without_o it_o if_o therefore_o he_o mean_v that_o god_n be_v such_o a_o substance_n as_o this_o that_o god_n be_v the_o term_n or_o idea_n of_o substance_n in_o general_n he_o make_v the_o deity_n nothing_o at_o all_o but_o a_o mere_a name_n a_o mere_a ens_fw-la rationis_fw-la or_o creature_n of_o the_o brain_n only_o than_o which_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o ridiculous_a and_o foolish_a for_o it_o be_v the_o attribute_n or_o property_n of_o the_o deity_n that_o we_o chief_o contend_v for_o and_o which_o we_o be_v chief_o oblige_v to_o acknowledge_v and_o reverence_n and_o it_o be_v these_o that_o we_o assert_v must_v be_v inherent_a in_o a_o infinite_a and_o immaterial_a substance_n or_o spirit_n but_o if_o by_o there_o be_v but_o one_o only_a substance_n which_o he_o say_v be_v god_n spinoza_n mean_v that_o the_o deity_n be_v the_o whole_a mass_n of_o being_n or_o of_o matter_n in_o the_o universe_n as_o by_o what_o he_o deliver_v in_o many_o place_n i_o do_v real_o believe_v that_o he_o do_v for_o he_o assert_n that_o all_o corporeal_a substance_n be_v infinite_a and_o one_o 14._o and_o that_o extension_n and_o cogitation_n be_v the_o attribute_n or_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o attribute_n of_o god_n as_o i_o hint_v before_o i_o say_v if_o this_o be_v his_o opinion_n there_o can_v possible_o be_v a_o more_o unaccountable_a absurd_a and_o impossible_a notion_n of_o god_n advance_v and_o it_o be_v also_o absolute_o inconsistent_a and_o contradiction_n with_o what_o he_o do_v at_o other_o time_n assert_v for_o if_o substance_n matter_n and_o god_n signify_v all_o the_o same_o thing_n and_o all_o matter_n be_v essential_o cogitative_a as_o such_o then_o it_o be_v plain_a as_o i_o have_v show_v already_o that_o god_n can_v be_v the_o whole_a matter_n of_o the_o universe_n but_o each_o particle_n of_o matter_n will_v be_v a_o god_n by_o itself_o for_o if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o thing_n as_o infinite_a perfection_n it_o must_v be_v essential_o in_o every_o particle_n of_o matter_n otherwise_o infinite_a perfection_n may_v arise_v out_o of_o what_o be_v only_o finite_a which_o be_v impossible_a and_o if_o every_o particle_n of_o matter_n have_v this_o infinite_a perfection_n the_o whole_a mass_n of_o these_o collective_o consider_v will_v be_v by_o no_o mean_n one_o god_n or_o one_o be_v infinite_o perfect_a but_o a_o swarm_n of_o innumerable_a deity_n every_o one_o of_o which_o will_v be_v personal_o distinct_a from_o each_o other_o and_o yet_o contain_v all_o possible_a perfection_n in_o itself_o but_o allow_v he_o all_o the_o collective_a mass_n of_o being_n or_o the_o universe_n to_o be_v god_n what_o a_o strange_a kind_n of_o a_o deity_n will_v this_o make_v the_o divine_a nature_n must_v then_o necessary_o be_v divisible_a part_n of_o it_o here_o and_o part_v there_o part_n of_o it_o in_o motion_n and_o part_n of_o it_o at_o rest_n part_n of_o it_o hot_a and_o part_v cold_a part_v fire_n and_o part_n water_n and_o in_o a_o word_n subject_a to_o all_o manner_n of_o imperfection_n vicissitude_n change_n contrariety_n and_o alteration_n that_o can_v be_v imagine_v but_o this_o the_o common_a sense_n of_o all_o mankind_n will_v abhor_v and_o detest_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o deity_n and_o beside_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o what_o spinoza_n assert_n in_o other_o place_n where_o he_o say_v substance_n be_v indivisible_a 11._o but_o how_o there_o can_v be_v but_o one_o only_a substance_n and_o that_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o universe_n and_o how_o this_o substance_n can_v be_v indivisible_a when_o yet_o each_o particle_n of_o matter_n must_v be_v a_o distinct_a substance_n by_o itself_o and_o be_v divisible_a and_o divide_v from_o all_o other_o as_o our_o reason_n and_o our_o sense_n do_v every_o day_n inform_v we_o be_v a_o flight_n of_o metaphysic_n above_o my_o understanding_n and_o can_v i_o believe_v never_o be_v conceive_v by_o any_o one_o that_o understand_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o word_n or_o term_n such_o a_o opinion_n shall_v be_v deliver_v in_o but_o he_o indeed_o that_o do_v not_o and_o that_o will_v admire_v lofty_a and_o insignificant_a sound_n without_o sense_n or_o he_o that_o have_v some_o wicked_a and_o base_a design_n to_o cover_v under_o such_o cant_n may_v conceive_v any_o thing_n or_o at_o least_o say_v that_o he_o do_v so_o the_o operation_n and_o action_n also_o of_o a_o corporeal_a deity_n be_v it_o possible_a there_o shall_v be_v such_o a_o one_o must_v be_v all_o absolute_o necessary_a and_o determine_v by_o pure_a physical_a and_o mechanical_a fatality_n for_o he_o will_v be_v real_o and_o true_o natura_fw-la naturata_n only_o the_o bare_a result_n of_o motion_n in_o matter_n as_o it_o be_v various_o form_v figure_v move_v and_o dispose_v so_o as_o to_o produce_v any_o natural_a effect_n and_o this_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o some_o of_o these_o corporealist_n very_o well_o understand_v and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o make_v they_o so_o very_o fond_a of_o the_o notion_n of_o a_o corporeal_a deity_n and_o of_o assert_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o world_n but_o body_n for_o than_o they_o know_v very_o well_o that_o there_o can_v be_v nothing_o but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o nature_n such_o a_o physical_a necessity_n as_o will_v perfect_o exclude_v all_o freedom_n and_o liberty_n of_o will_n among_o man_n and_o consequent_o destroy_v all_o notion_n of_o and_o distinction_n between_o good_a and_o evil._n they_o do_v care_n to_o say_v plain_o there_o be_v no_o god_n that_o look_v a_o little_a too_o bare-faced_n for_o atheism_n be_v a_o name_n they_o do_v love_v to_o take_v but_o they_o will_v ready_o and_o studious_o endeavour_v to_o advance_v such_o a_o account_n and_o notion_n of_o a_o deity_n as_o shall_v do_v as_o well_o such_o a_o one_o as_o they_o know_v be_v in_o effect_v the_o same_o as_o to_o say_v there_o be_v no_o god_n at_o all_o and_o this_o the_o represent_v he_o as_o corporeal_a will_v effectual_o do_v for_o this_o subject_n he_o to_o a_o physical_a necessity_n make_v he_o nothing_o at_o all_o but_o nature_n and_o deprive_v both_o he_o and_o we_o of_o the_o noble_a principle_n of_o freedom_n of_o will_n and_o then_o they_o know_v that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o reward_n and_o punishment_n proportionate_a to_o man_n action_n but_o that_o all_o thing_n be_v alike_o without_o any_o distinction_n of_o good_a and_o evil_a and_o consequent_o that_o they_o may_v do_v any_o thing_n that_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o and_o this_o appear_v to_o be_v the_o issue_n that_o they_o will_v willing_o bring_v all_o thing_n to_o for_o if_o this_o be_v not_o the_o case_n what_o reason_n can_v be_v give_v why_o man_n shall_v be_v such_o zealous_a stickler_n for_o a_o corporeal_a deity_n why_o shall_v they_o still_o in_o spite_n of_o sense_n reason_n and_o philosophy_n maintain_v that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o incorporeal_a or_o immaterial_a substance_n be_v it_o pure_o out_o of_o a_o devout_a and_o holy_a desire_n to_o understand_v the_o divine_a nature_n more_o clear_o in_o order_n to_o speak_v of_o he_o more_o proper_o to_o adore_v he_o more_o religious_o and_o obey_v he_o more_o hearty_o i_o fear_v not_o for_o if_o matter_n and_o motion_n can_v think_v and_o as_o they_o say_v the_o property_n or_o attribute_n of_o god_n can_v be_v accountable_a that_o way_n and_o there_o be_v real_o and_o true_o a_o
wise_a powerful_a just_a and_o good_a god_n though_o corporeal_a why_o shall_v not_o these_o gentleman_n look_v upon_o themselves_o oblige_v to_o obey_v such_o a_o god_n as_o well_o as_o a_o spiritual_a one_o why_o do_v they_o quarrel_v with_o and_o cast_v off_o his_o holy_a word_n and_o reject_v and_o despise_v his_o reveal_v will_n be_v not_o a_o corporeal_a deity_n according_a to_o their_o notion_n true_o a_o be_v endow_v with_o all_o possible_a perfection_n be_v not_o he_o the_o first_o cause_n maker_n and_o preserver_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o consequent_o be_v not_o he_o as_o fit_v and_o worthy_a to_o be_v worship_v as_o well_o as_o a_o spiritual_a one_o and_o can_v such_o a_o deity_n acquaint_v his_o creature_n how_o he_o will_v be_v worship_v and_o serve_v can_v he_o reward_v they_o for_o so_o do_v and_o punish_v they_o for_o offend_v against_o he_o equal_o as_o if_o he_o be_v incorporeal_a if_o he_o can_v indeed_o then_o there_o be_v something_o more_o than_o bare_a speculation_n in_o the_o case_n and_o there_o must_v be_v some_o substantial_a reason_n why_o deist_n and_o antiscripturist_n be_v always_o corporealist_n and_o this_o be_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o matter_n the_o god_n of_o the_o corporealist_n be_v not_o the_o true_a deity_n whatever_o they_o may_v pretend_v but_o a_o blind_a stupid_a senseless_a idol_n that_o have_v nothing_o but_o the_o name_n of_o god_n wicked_o apply_v to_o it_o it_o be_v only_a nature_n or_o a_o plastic_a power_n in_o nature_n the_o whole_a mass_n of_o or_o some_o sine_fw-la subtle_a and_o active_a part_n of_o matter_n in_o rapid_a motion_n without_o any_o understanding_n 190._o wisdom_n or_o design_n without_o liberty_n of_o will_n or_o freedom_n of_o action_n but_o physical_o and_o mechanical_o necessary_a in_o all_o its_o operation_n their_o god_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o herodotus_n speak_v he_o be_v the_o servant_n of_o necessity_n and_o can_v possible_o himself_o avoid_v the_o destine_a fate_n and_o to_o be_v sure_a if_o god_n be_v not_o a_o free_a agent_n nothing_o else_o can_v for_o all_o thing_n flow_v from_o he_o by_o a_o inevitable_a necessity_n etc._n or_o be_v part_n of_o he_o as_o spinoza_n assert_n they_o must_v be_v under_o the_o same_o necessity_n with_o the_o deity_n and_o he_o say_v plain_o that_o every_o thing_n that_o be_v determine_v to_o operate_v be_v so_o determine_v necessary_o by_o god_n and_o can_v not_o act_v at_o all_o if_o god_n do_v not_o thus_o necessary_o determine_v it_o 24._o that_o the_o will_n of_o man_n can_v be_v call_v free_a but_o be_v only_o a_o necessary_a cause_n 28._o and_o in_o another_o place_n 36._o he_o tell_v we_o plain_o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o final_a cause_n in_o nature_n they_o be_v only_o the_o ignorant_a figment_n of_o mankind_n but_o that_o all_o thing_n be_v govern_v by_o absolute_a necessity_n a_o while_n after_o this_o 37._o he_o assert_v man_n to_o be_v a_o mere_a machine_n and_o say_v that_o it_o be_v only_o those_o who_o be_v ignorant_a of_o cause_n that_o say_v he_o be_v thus_o fine_o form_v by_o any_o art_n or_o design_n or_o who_o attribute_n his_o composition_n to_o any_o supernatural_a wisdom_n and_o then_o at_o last_o he_o come_v to_o the_o great_a point_n on_o which_o all_o this_o philosophy_n turn_v which_o be_v that_o good_a and_o evil_a be_v not_o by_o nature_n but_o that_o the_o notion_n of_o they_o come_v only_o from_o man_n mistake_v opinion_n that_o all_o thing_n be_v make_v for_o they_o and_o who_o therefore_o call_v that_o good_a which_o be_v agreeable_a to_o their_o fancy_n and_o that_o evil_a which_o be_v contrary_a to_o it_o by_o which_o short_a connexion_n of_o their_o opinion_n it_o be_v clear_a enough_o why_o spinoza_n be_v a_o corporealist_n as_o also_o why_o mr._n hobbs_n advance_v the_o same_o notion_n and_o i_o doubt_v those_o that_o espouse_v the_o same_o opinion_n now_o adays_o know_v too_o well_o the_o consequence_n of_o they_o but_o of_o the_o precariousness_n of_o these_o notion_n i_o must_v say_v no_o more_o now_o design_v particular_o to_o confute_v they_o hereafter_o as_o they_o be_v make_v objection_n against_o the_o truth_n and_o obligation_n of_o religion_n in_o general_n finis_fw-la advertisement_n remark_n on_o some_o late_a paper_n relate_v to_o the_o universal_a deluge_n and_o to_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o john_n harris_n m._n a._n and_o fellow_n of_o the_o royal-society_n in_o octavo_n discourse_n on_o several_a practical_a subject_n by_o the_o late_a reverend_a william_n payne_n d._n d._n with_o a_o preface_n give_v some_o account_n of_o his_o life_n write_n and_o death_n both_o print_v for_o richard_n wilkin_n a_o refutation_n of_o the_o objection_n against_o the_o attribute_n of_o god_n in_o general_n in_o a_o sermon_n preach_v at_o the_o cathedral-church_n of_o st._n paul_n september_n the_o five_o 1698._o be_v the_o six_o of_o the_o lecture_n for_o that_o year_n found_v by_o the_o honourable_a robert_n boyle_n esq_n by_o john_n harris_n m._n a_o and_o fellow_n of_o the_o royal-society_n london_n print_v by_o j._n l._n for_o richard_n wilkin_n at_o the_o king's-head_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n 1698._o jerem._n ix_o 24_o let_v he_o that_o glori_v glory_n in_o this_o that_o he_o understand_v and_o know_v i_o that_o i_o be_o the_o lord_n who_o exercise_n love_v kindness_n judgement_n and_o righteousness_n in_o the_o earth_n for_o in_o these_o thing_n i_o delight_v say_v the_o lord_n pride_n and_o vainglory_n be_v thing_n which_o human_a nature_n be_v strange_o subject_a to_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o one_o so_o mean_a but_o who_o judge_n that_o he_o have_v something_o or_o other_o that_o he_o may_v just_o be_v proud_a of_o and_o value_v himself_o for_o but_o as_o pride_n be_v folly_n in_o the_o general_n so_o it_o apparent_o discover_v itself_o in_o this_o respect_n that_o those_o man_n be_v usual_o most_o vain_a who_o have_v the_o least_o reason_n to_o be_v so_o and_o that_o too_o in_o thing_n that_o be_v the_o least_o valuable_a in_o themselves_o thus_o as_o the_o prophet_n intimate_v in_o the_o verse_n before_o the_o text_n man_n frequent_o glory_n in_o bodily_a strength_n in_o beauty_n and_o agility_n and_o in_o the_o affluence_n of_o external_a possession_n thing_n which_o be_v the_o mean_a appurtenance_n to_o our_o nature_n and_o which_o be_v neither_o in_o our_o power_n to_o get_v nor_o keep_v wisdom_n indeed_o and_o judgement_n learning_n and_o part_n wit_n and_o penetration_n and_o all_o the_o noble_a endowment_n of_o our_o mind_n be_v thing_n of_o the_o great_a intrinsic_a worth_n and_o value_n and_o we_o have_v much_o more_o reason_n to_o esteem_v ourselves_o for_o they_o than_o for_o all_o the_o good_n of_o fortune_n or_o any_o bodily_a excellency_n but_o yet_o let_v not_o the_o wise_a man_n glory_n in_o his_o wisdom_n and_o knowledge_n neither_o though_o as_o the_o targum_fw-la on_o the_o place_n hint_n it_o be_v as_o great_a as_o that_o of_o solomon_n himself_o for_o we_o have_v in_o reality_n no_o just_a ground_n to_o value_v ourselves_o for_o even_o this_o when_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o best_a of_o we_o have_v it_o but_o in_o a_o very_a slender_a proportion_n and_o that_o our_o high_a knowledge_n be_v very_o imperfect_a and_o defective_a hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v or_o at_o least_o ought_v to_o do_v so_o that_o the_o modesty_n and_o humility_n of_o true_o know_v man_n increase_v with_o their_o learning_n and_o experience_n their_o be_v raise_v something_o above_o the_o common_a level_n instead_o of_o lessen_v and_o shorten_n in_o their_o eye_n the_o stature_n of_o other_o man_n increase_v their_o prospect_n of_o a_o boundless_a field_n of_o knowledge_n all_o around_o they_o the_o more_o of_o which_o they_o discover_v the_o more_o they_o find_v yet_o undiscovered_a but_o he_o that_o know_v but_o little_a vain_o think_v he_o know_v every_o thing_n and_o judge_n all_o be_v empty_a and_o void_a that_o be_v without_o the_o bound_n of_o his_o scanty_a horizon_n another_o great_a vanity_n there_o be_v also_o in_o pride_n which_o be_v that_o man_n be_v frequent_o conceit_v and_o proud_a of_o those_o thing_n which_o they_o have_v the_o least_o share_n of_o and_o be_v fond_a of_o such_o action_n as_o do_v plain_o discover_v their_o defect_n for_o usual_o those_o man_n be_v most_o forward_o to_o talk_v of_o learning_n who_o be_v least_o acquaint_v with_o book_n and_o those_o make_v the_o great_a noise_n about_o and_o pretension_n to_o philosophy_n who_o have_v the_o least_o insight_n into_o nature_n those_o who_o talk_v most_o of_o certainty_n and_o demonstration_n have_v usual_o the_o most_o confuse_a idea_n and_o the_o most_o superficial_a notion_n of_o thing_n and_o be_v the_o far_a of_o all_o man_n from_o true_a
in_o his_o reason_n for_o his_o opinion_n 314._o that_o he_o that_o reflect_v on_o himself_o can_v but_o be_v satisfy_v that_o a_o free_a agent_n be_v he_o that_o can_v do_v if_o he_o will_v and_o forbear_v if_o he_o will_n and_o such_o a_o agent_n he_o allow_v man_n to_o be_v and_o say_v he_o have_v prove_v it_o too_o but_o how_o he_o will_v reconcile_v this_o with_o his_o assertion_n that_o no_o man_n can_v be_v free_a from_o necessitation_n and_o that_o all_o our_o action_n have_v necessary_a cause_n and_o therefore_o be_v necessitate_v i_o can_v imagine_v as_o to_o spinoza_n account_n of_o the_o deity_n in_o reference_n to_o this_o point_n i_o have_v give_v a_o hint_n or_o two_o of_o it_o already_o he_o make_v god_n to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o nature_n or_o the_o universe_n to_o be_v corporeal_a and_o a_o absolute_o necessary_a agent_n one_o who_o can_v possible_o help_v do_v as_o he_o do_v one_o who_o have_v no_o power_n of_o creation_n nor_o do_v act_n according_a to_o free_a will_n 18._o but_o be_v limit_v and_o restrain_v to_o one_o constant_a method_n of_o act_v by_o the_o absolute_a necessity_n of_o his_o nature_n or_o by_o his_o infinite_a power_n and_o lest_o any_o one_o shall_v misunderstand_v he_o so_o far_o as_o to_o imagine_v that_o he_o mean_v by_o this_o that_o god_n be_v by_o the_o excellency_n and_o perfection_n of_o his_o nature_n in_o all_o his_o operation_n exact_o conformable_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o justice_n goodness_n and_o right_a reason_n he_o plain_o exclude_v that_o notion_n in_o these_o word_n qui_fw-la dicunt_fw-la deum_fw-la omne_fw-la sub_fw-la ratione_fw-la boni_fw-la agere_fw-la he_o aliquid_fw-la extra_fw-la deum_fw-la videntur_fw-la ponere_fw-la quod_fw-la à_fw-la deo_fw-la non_fw-la dependet_fw-la ad_fw-la quod_fw-la deus_fw-la tanquam_fw-la ad_fw-la exemplar_n in_o operando_fw-la attendit_fw-la vel_fw-la ad_fw-la quod_fw-la tanquam_fw-la ad_fw-la certum_fw-la scopum_fw-la collimat_fw-la quod_fw-la profectò_fw-la nihil_fw-la aliud_fw-la est_fw-la quam_fw-la deum_fw-la fato_fw-la subjicere_fw-la 32._o now_o i_o think_v nothing_o can_v more_o show_v the_o wicked_a perverseness_n of_o this_o writer_n mind_n than_o this_o passage_n for_o he_o can_v not_o but_o know_v very_o well_o that_o when_o divine_n assert_v the_o deity_n to_o be_v essential_o and_o necessary_o good_a they_o do_v not_o mean_v that_o goodness_n be_v any_o thing_n extrinsical_a to_o the_o divine_a nature_n much_o less_o that_o it_o be_v something_o which_o have_v no_o dependence_n upon_o it_o but_o only_o that_o the_o excellency_n and_o perfection_n of_o his_o nature_n be_v such_o as_o that_o it_o be_v in_o every_o thing_n exact_o conformable_a to_o right_a reason_n and_o therefore_o this_o be_v certain_o a_o wilful_a perversion_n of_o their_o sense_n set_v up_o on_o purpose_n to_o overthrow_v the_o notion_n of_o moral_a goodness_n in_o the_o deity_n but_o how_o vain_a be_v it_o for_o he_o to_o tell_v we_o that_o for_o the_o deity_n to_o act_n sub_fw-la ratione_fw-la boni_fw-la be_v for_o he_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o fate_n when_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o himself_o assert_v that_o god_n be_v in_o every_o respect_n a_o necessary_a agent_n without_o any_o free_a will_n nay_o without_o any_o knowledge_n or_o understanding_n in_o his_o nature_n at_o all_o this_o be_v so_o plain_a a_o demonstration_n that_o it_o be_v his_o chief_a and_o primary_n design_n to_o banish_v out_o of_o man_n mind_n the_o notion_n of_o moral_a goodness_n that_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o and_o therefore_o though_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o introduce_v absolute_a necessity_n into_o all_o action_n both_o divine_a and_o human_a yet_o it_o shall_v be_v such_o a_o one_o as_o shall_v leave_v no_o umbrage_n for_o any_o distinction_n between_o good_a and_o evil_a or_o any_o foundation_n for_o reward_n and_o punishment_n and_o in_o this_o notion_n of_o necessity_n these_o writer_n follow_v democritus_n heraclitus_n leucippus_n and_o that_o atheistical_a sect_n who_o maintain_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o all_o nature_n but_o matter_n and_o motion_n and_o therefore_o when_o these_o modern_a writer_n assert_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o universe_n but_o body_n as_o they_o do_v they_o run_v fate_n far_o than_o most_o of_o the_o old_a heathen_a patron_n of_o necessity_n do_v for_o there_o be_v none_o but_o the_o democritick_n sect_n that_o suppose_a fate_n to_o have_v a_o power_n over_o the_o will_n of_o man_n and_o in_o this_o particular_a even_o they_o be_v desert_v by_o epicurus_n as_o i_o observe_v below_o the_o pythagorean_n platonist_n and_o stoic_n agree_v that_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n be_v free_a and_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o the_o stoic_n do_v in_o this_o free_a power_n of_o the_o will_n of_o man_n find_v that_o arrogant_a assertion_n of_o they_o that_o a_o wise_a man_n be_v in_o one_o respect_n more_o excellent_a than_o the_o god_n for_o they_o be_v good_a by_o the_o necessity_n of_o their_o nature_n and_o can_v not_o help_v it_o whereas_o man_n have_v a_o power_n of_o be_v otherwise_o and_o therefore_o be_v the_o more_o commendable_a for_o be_v so_o there_o be_v indeed_o some_o of_o the_o poet_n and_o some_o few_o of_o the_o philosopher_n too_o who_o do_v subject_a the_o god_n themselves_o to_o fate_n or_o necessity_n thus_o seneca_n in_o one_o place_n say_v necessitas_fw-la &_o deos_fw-la alligat_fw-la irrevocabilis_fw-la divina_fw-la pariter_fw-la ac_fw-la humana_fw-la cursus_fw-la vehit_fw-la ille_fw-la ipse_fw-la omnium_fw-la conditor_fw-la ac_fw-la rector_n scripsit_fw-la quidem_fw-la fata_fw-la sed_fw-la sequitur_fw-la semper_fw-la paret_fw-la semel_fw-la jussit_fw-la which_o opinion_n be_v effectual_o refute_v and_o expose_v by_o lucian_n in_o that_o dialogue_n of_o his_o call_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o also_o by_o lactantius_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr falsâ_fw-la religione_fw-la chap._n 11._o but_o this_o as_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o seneca_n and_o some_o other_o understand_v in_o a_o soft_a sense_n than_o at_o first_o sight_n it_o appear_v to_o have_v so_o be_v it_o the_o doctrine_n of_o but_o a_o few_o for_o general_o the_o heathen_n do_v full_o believe_v that_o prayer_n and_o sacrifice_n will_v alter_v a_o man_n fortune_n and_o circumstance_n for_o the_o better_a that_o they_o will_v appease_v the_o anger_n and_o gain_v the_o favour_n and_o blessing_n of_o the_o god_n and_o that_o their_o nature_n be_v not_o so_o absolute_o fatal_a and_o necessary_a but_o that_o they_o can_v free_o deal_v with_o their_o creature_n according_a as_o they_o deserve_v at_o their_o hand_n for_o we_o find_v balbus_n the_o stoic_a mention_v by_o cicero_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o nature_n of_o god_n will_v not_o be_v most_o powerful_a and_o excellent_a if_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o necessity_n or_o nature_n quâ_fw-la coelum_fw-la maria_fw-la terraeque_fw-la reguntur_fw-la nihil_fw-la enim_fw-la est_fw-la praestantius_fw-la deo_fw-la nulli_fw-la igitur_fw-la est_fw-la naturae_fw-la obediens_fw-la &_o subjectus_fw-la so_o that_o these_o writer_n tread_v in_o the_o step_v of_o the_o worst_a and_o most_o atheistical_a of_o the_o heathen_a philosopher_n and_o maintain_v a_o more_o rigid_a fate_n and_o a_o more_o irresistible_a necessity_n than_o most_o of_o they_o do_v but_o 2_o i_o come_v next_o to_o show_v the_o groundlesness_n of_o those_o reason_n and_o argument_n on_o which_o these_o man_n build_v their_o hypothesis_n of_o absolute_a necessity_n and_o first_o as_o to_o the_o reason_n of_o mr._n hobbs_n the_o chief_a that_o he_o bring_v against_o the_o freedom_n of_o human_a action_n be_v these_o say_v mr._n hobbs_n in_o all_o deliberation_n and_o alternate_a succession_n of_o contrary_a appetite_n it_o be_v the_o last_o only_o which_o we_o call_v will_n this_o be_v immediate_o before_o the_o do_n of_o any_o action_n or_o next_o before_o the_o do_v of_o it_o become_v impossible_a also_o nothing_o say_v he_o can_v take_v beginning_n from_o itself_o but_o must_v do_v it_o from_o the_o action_n of_o some_o other_o immediate_a agent_n without_o it_o if_o therefore_o a_o man_n have_v a_o will_n to_o something_o which_o he_o have_v not_o before_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o will_v be_v not_o the_o will_n itself_o but_o something_o else_o not_o in_o his_o own_o dispose_n so_o that_o whereas_o it_o be_v out_o of_o controversy_n that_o of_o voluntary_a action_n the_o will_n be_v the_o necessary_a cause_n and_o by_o this_o which_o be_v now_o say_v the_o will_n be_v also_o cause_v by_o other_o thing_n whereof_o it_o dispose_v not_o it_o follow_v that_o voluntary_a action_n have_v all_o of_o they_o necessary_a cause_n and_o therefore_o be_v necessitate_v again_o also_o every_o sufficient_a cause_n say_v he_o be_v a_o necessary_a one_o for_o if_o it_o do_v not_o produce_v its_o effect_n necessary_o it_o be_v because_o something_o be_v want_v to_o its_o production_n and_o then_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a now_o from_o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o
determination_n à_fw-la priori_fw-la and_o that_o it_o can_v have_v make_v no_o other_o which_o yet_o be_v what_o he_o mean_v and_o aught_o to_o have_v clear_o make_v out_o for_o the_o same_o power_n or_o faculty_n of_o liberty_n which_o enable_v it_o to_o make_v that_o determination_n will_v have_v be_v a_o sufficient_a cause_n for_o it_o to_o have_v make_v another_o contrary_n to_o it_o or_o differ_v from_o it_o and_o then_o when_o that_o have_v be_v make_v it_o will_v have_v be_v as_o necessary_a as_o the_o former_a and_o therefore_o that_o definition_n of_o a_o free_a agent_n be_v be_v that_o which_o when_o all_o thing_n be_v present_a which_o be_v needful_a to_o produce_v the_o effect_n can_v nevertheless_o not_o produce_v it_o though_o i_o do_v think_v it_o the_o best_a do_v not_o when_o right_o understand_v imply_v any_o contradiction_n nor_o be_v it_o nonsense_n at_o all_o for_o the_o meaning_n of_o it_o be_v that_o he_o be_v proper_o free_a who_o have_v the_o power_n of_o determination_n in_o himself_o and_o when_o all_o requisite_n be_v ready_a so_o that_o nothing_o shall_v extrinsecal_o either_o hinder_v he_o from_o or_o compel_v he_o to_o act_n can_v yet_o choose_v whether_o he_o will_v act_n or_o not_o thus_o if_o a_o man_n have_v pen_n ink_n and_o paper_n and_o a_o place_n to_o write_v upon_o his_o hand_n well_o and_o at_o liberty_n and_o understand_v how_o to_o write_v he_o have_v all_o thing_n present_a that_o be_v needful_a to_o produce_v the_o effect_n of_o write_v yet_o he_o can_v nevertheless_o not_o produce_v that_o effect_n because_o he_o can_v choose_v after_o all_o whether_o he_o will_v write_v or_o no._n mr._n hobbs_n define_v a_o free_a agent_n to_o be_v he_o that_o can_v do_v if_o he_o will_v and_o forbear_v if_o he_o will_v and_o that_o liberty_n be_v the_o absence_n of_o all_o external_a impediment_n 314._o which_o if_o he_o intend_v any_o thing_n by_o it_o but_o to_o palliate_v a_o bad_a cause_n and_o to_o amuse_v the_o person_n he_o write_v to_o be_v as_o much_o nonsense_n and_o contradiction_n to_o what_o he_o himself_o advance_v about_o necessity_n as_o be_v possible_a for_o how_o a_o man_n can_v be_v say_v to_o act_n necessary_o that_o have_v no_o external_a impediment_n to_o hinder_v he_o or_o cause_n to_o compel_v he_o but_o be_v free_a to_o act_n if_o he_o will_v or_o forbear_v if_o he_o will_v be_v what_o i_o believe_v no_o man_n can_v possible_o conceive_v thus_o we_o see_v plain_o that_o this_o great_a patron_n of_o necessity_n have_v very_o little_a to_o say_v for_o his_o darling_n notion_n and_o that_o he_o plain_o contradict_v and_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o himself_o have_v he_o indeed_o dare_v speak_v out_o and_o think_v it_o time_n to_o declare_v his_o opinion_n free_o he_o will_v no_o doubt_n have_v proceed_v on_o other_o ground_n in_o this_o point_n and_o make_v use_v of_o argument_n more_o agreeable_a to_o his_o set_a of_o principle_n which_o be_v allow_v he_o will_v have_v demonstrate_v a_o absolute_a necessity_n of_o all_o thing_n whatsoever_o for_o he_o be_v a_o thorough_a corporealist_n and_o maintain_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o in_o nature_n but_o matter_n and_o motion_n which_o if_o it_o be_v true_a it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o all_o thing_n and_o action_n must_v be_v inevitable_o fatal_a and_o necessary_a for_o as_o mr._n lock_v well_o observe_v nothing_o but_o thought_n or_o willing_a in_o a_o spirit_n can_v begin_v motion_n the_o necessity_n therefore_o in_o such_o a_o hypothesis_n will_v be_v the_o true_a ancient_a democritick_n fate_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o as_o epicurus_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o through_o material_a necessity_n mechanical_o produce_v all_o thing_n or_o the_o fate_n of_o the_o naturalist_n who_o hold_v nothing_o beside_o matter_n and_o motion_n but_o this_o notion_n for_o some_o reason_n best_o know_v to_o himself_o he_o do_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o insist_v on_o when_o he_o write_v this_o tract_n against_o the_o liberty_n of_o human_a nature_n though_o his_o successor_n spinoza_n with_o a_o little_a variation_n do_v who_o argument_n we_o must_v next_o consider_v spinoza_n as_o i_o have_v former_o show_v be_v a_o absolute_a corporealist_n as_o well_o as_o mr._n hobbs_n but_o find_v that_o cogitation_n can_v never_o be_v account_v for_o from_o matter_n and_o motion_n only_o he_o suppose_v cogitation_n essential_a to_o matter_n and_o as_o he_o make_v but_o one_o only_a substance_n in_o the_o world_n which_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o all_o thing_n or_o god_n so_o he_o suppose_v cogitation_n to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o essential_a attribute_n of_o this_o deity_n as_o extension_n be_v the_o other_o and_o from_o hence_o he_o conclude_v that_o all_o thing_n according_a to_o the_o infinite_a variety_n of_o their_o several_a nature_n must_v necessary_o flow_v from_o god_n or_o the_o whole_a and_o must_v be_v just_a what_o they_o be_v and_o can_v be_v nor_o can_v not_o possible_o have_v be_v any_o otherwise_o 18._o he_o do_v indeed_o style_v the_o deity_n causa_fw-la libera_n and_o say_v he_o be_v only_o so_o 17._o but_o the_o reason_n he_o assign_v for_o it_o be_v only_o because_o nothing_o can_v compel_v he_o to_o or_o hinder_v he_o from_o do_v any_o thing_n but_o he_o express_o deny_v he_o to_o have_v either_o understanding_n or_o free_a will_n 63._o and_o he_o declare_v oftentimes_o that_o all_o thing_n flow_v from_o the_o deity_n by_o as_o absolute_a a_o necessity_n as_o that_o the_o three_o angle_n of_o a_o triangle_n be_v equal_a to_o two_o right_a one_o and_o then_o as_o to_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n he_o give_v this_o reason_n why_o it_o can_v have_v any_o free_a will_n quia_fw-la mens_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la vel_fw-la illud_fw-la volendum_fw-la determinatur_fw-la à_fw-la causâ_fw-la quae_fw-la etiam_fw-la ab_fw-la alia_fw-la &_o haec_fw-la iterum_fw-la ab_fw-la aliâ_fw-la &_o sic_fw-la in_o infinitum_fw-la 85._o the_o same_o thing_n also_o he_o assert_n in_o another_o place_n 28._o and_o from_o thence_o undertake_v to_o prove_v also_o that_o god_n can_v have_v any_o free_a will_n and_o withal_o say_v that_o understanding_n and_o will_n as_o they_o be_v call_v belong_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o god_n just_a as_o motion_n and_o rest_n and_o other_o natural_a thing_n do_v which_o be_v absolute_o determine_v to_o operate_v just_a as_o they_o do_v and_o can_v do_v otherwise_o 29._o this_o be_v the_o argument_n of_o spinoza_n to_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o freedom_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n but_o that_o he_o be_v determine_v in_o every_o thing_n by_o absolute_a and_o inevitable_a necessity_n and_o this_o necessity_n also_o it_o be_v plain_a according_a to_o he_o be_v pure_o physical_a and_o mechanical_a as_o to_o the_o refutation_n of_o which_o i_o think_v i_o have_v already_o effectual_o remove_v the_o foundation_n on_o which_o it_o be_v all_o build_v by_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v such_o being_n as_o immaterial_a substance_n and_o that_o god_n himself_o be_v such_o a_o one_o or_o a_o spirit_n 5._o for_o all_o the_o necessity_n spinoza_n contend_v for_o depend_v pure_o on_o his_o notion_n of_o the_o deity_n as_o appear_v sufficient_o from_o what_o i_o have_v produce_v of_o his_o word_n if_o therefore_o it_o be_v true_a that_o god_n be_v a_o immaterial_a substance_n a_o be_v distinct_a from_o nature_n or_o the_o universe_n and_o the_o creator_n and_o producer_n of_o all_o thing_n as_o i_o think_v i_o have_v very_o clear_o prove_v it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o the_o whole_a chain_n of_o spinoza_n argument_n for_o necessity_n be_v break_v to_o piece_n for_o the_o reason_n he_o assign_v for_o the_o necessary_a operation_n of_o the_o deity_n be_v not_o the_o perfection_n of_o his_o nature_n determine_v he_o to_o good_a and_o just_a lovely_a and_o reasonable_a thing_n but_o that_o the_o deity_n be_v universal_a nature_n all_o thing_n and_o operation_n be_v part_n of_o he_o and_o their_o several_a way_n and_o manner_n of_o act_v and_o exist_v according_a to_o the_o necessary_a law_n of_o motion_n and_o mechanism_n be_v his_o understanding_n and_o will_n which_o ignorant_a people_n he_o say_v may_v perhaps_o take_v in_o a_o literal_a sense_n and_o think_v that_o god_n can_v proper_o know_v or_o will_v any_o thing_n but_o that_o in_o reality_n there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o understanding_n or_o free_a will_n in_o god_n since_o all_o thing_n flow_v from_o he_o by_o inevitable_a necessity_n and_o if_o there_o be_v not_o any_o freedom_n in_o the_o deity_n that_o be_v in_o the_o whole_a there_o can_v be_v none_o in_o man_n or_o in_o any_o other_o being_n who_o be_v but_o part_n of_o he_o if_o this_o indeed_o be_v true_a that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o god_n but_o nature_n then_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o see_v that_o