Selected quad for the lemma: nature_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
nature_n	divine_a	union_n	unite_v	3,428	5	9.3828	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A56393	Reasons for abrogating the test imposed upon all members of Parliament, anno 1678, Octob. 30 in these words, I A.B. do solemnly and sincerely, in the presence of God, profess, testifie, and declare, that I do believe that in the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper there is not any transubstantiation of the elements of bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ, at, or after the consecration thereof by any person whatsoever, and that the invocation or adoration of the Virgin Mary, or any other saint, and the sacrifice of the mass, as they are now used in the Church of Rome, are superstitious and idolatrous : first written for the author's own satisfaction, and now published for the benefit of all others whom it may concern.	Parker, Samuel, 1640-1688.	1688 (1688)	Wing P467; ESTC R5001	62,716	138

notion_n singular_a to_o himself_o from_o all_o the_o other_o philosopher_n of_o greece_n viz._n that_o every_o substance_n be_v compound_v of_o matter_n and_o form_n and_o that_o these_o two_o be_v real_o distinct_a from_o one_o another_o and_o than_o that_o the_o quantity_n of_o every_o body_n be_v real_o distinct_a from_o the_o substance_n of_o it_o and_o so_o distinct_a as_o to_o be_v separable_a from_o it_o and_o last_o that_o all_o other_o quality_n accident_n and_o predicament_n be_v found_v not_o in_o the_o substance_n but_o in_o the_o quantity_n and_o therefore_o in_o all_o change_n of_o affair_n ever_o fol'ow_v its_o fortune_n now_o the_o catholic_n church_n have_v in_o all_o age_n assert_v the_o real_a and_o substantial_a presence_n oh_o say_v they_o to_o show_v their_o deep_a new_a learning_n that_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o the_o aristotelian_a way_n by_o separate_v the_o form_n of_o the_o bread_n from_o the_o matter_n but_o chief_o by_o separate_v the_o inward_a substance_n of_o bread_n from_o its_o outward_a quantity_n and_o its_o retinue_n of_o quality_n this_o be_v the_o rise_n of_o philosophic_a or_o scholastic_a transubstantiation_n that_o the_o quantity_n and_o accident_n of_o the_o bread_n be_v pare_v off_o from_o all_o the_o substance_n and_o shape_v and_o mould_v anew_o so_o as_o to_o cover_v a_o humane_a body_n and_o after_o this_o they_o run_v into_o a_o infinite_a variety_n of_o dispute_n and_o hypothesis_n among_o themselves_o so_o that_o till_o the_o last_o age_n it_o have_v be_v the_o chief_a entertainment_n of_o all_o pretender_n to_o philosophy_n in_o christendom_n rupertus_n abbot_n of_o dentsch_n a_o village_n upon_o the_o rhine_n lie_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n against_o the_o city_n of_o cologne_n a_o man_n of_o great_a reputation_n for_o learning_n in_o that_o age_n make_v out_o the_o philosophy_n of_o the_o thing_n by_o the_o union_n of_o the_o word_n or_o divine_a nature_n that_o be_v omnipresent_v with_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n and_o it_o be_v that_o unity_n he_o say_v that_o make_v it_o one_o body_n with_o that_o in_o heaven_n and_o withal_o that_o it_o be_v as_o easy_a for_o our_o saviour_n to_o assume_v or_o unite_v himself_o to_o one_o as_o the_o other_o and_o when_o that_o be_v do_v they_o be_v both_o one_o body_n because_o they_o be_v both_o his_o body_n this_o be_v fine_a and_o curious_a but_o not_o aristotelian_a enough_o for_o that_o age_n in_o which_o that_o philosophy_n be_v set_v up_o as_o the_o standard_n of_o humane_a wisdom_n by_o the_o beaux_fw-fr esprits_fw-fr among_o these_o petrus_n abelardus_n gain_v a_o mighty_a name_n and_o reputation_n for_o his_o skill_n in_o these_o new_a find_v philosophic_a curiosity_n though_o otherwise_o a_o man_n verse_v much_o beyond_o the_o genius_n of_o that_o age_n in_o polite_a learning_n but_o be_v of_o a_o proud_a and_o assume_v nature_n he_o soon_o draw_v upon_o himself_o the_o envy_n of_o the_o less_o learned_a monk_n which_o cost_v he_o a_o long_a scene_n of_o trouble_n as_o he_o have_v elegant_o describe_v they_o in_o his_o book_n of_o his_o own_o persecution_n but_o among_o many_o other_o singularity_n to_o maintain_v the_o separation_n of_o the_o matter_n from_o the_o form_n and_o the_o substance_n from_o the_o accident_n in_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o altar_n he_o be_v force_v to_o make_v use_n of_o this_o shift_n that_o upon_o the_o separation_n of_o the_o substance_n the_o accident_n that_o can_v subsist_v of_o themselves_o be_v support_v by_o the_o air._n but_o than_o come_v peter_n lombard_n 10._o anno_fw-la 1140._o grand_fw-fr master_n of_o the_o sentence_n and_o father_n of_o the_o next_o race_n of_o schoolman_n who_o indeed_o prove_v the_o real_a and_o substantial_a presence_n out_o of_o the_o ancient_n particular_o st._n austin_n and_o st._n ambrose_n but_o when_o he_o come_v to_o explain_v the_o manner_n of_o it_o whether_o it_o be_v a_o formal_a or_o material_a change_n whether_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v reduce_v into_o its_o first_o matter_n or_o into_o nothing_o and_o the_o like_a his_o conclusion_n be_v definire_fw-la non_fw-la sufficio_fw-la i_o presume_v not_o to_o determine_v and_o therefore_o quit_v these_o uncertain_a thing_n this_o i_o certain_o know_v from_o authority_n viz._n that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v convert_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n but_o as_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o conversion_n we_o be_v not_o ashamed_a to_o confess_v our_o ignorance_n but_o if_o you_o inquire_v in_o what_o subject_n the_o accident_n subsist_v he_o answer_v problematical_o mihi_fw-la videtur_fw-la that_o they_o subsist_v without_o any_o subject_n at_o all_o but_o it_o be_v agree_v in_o all_o school_n that_o whatever_o become_v of_o the_o substance_n the_o accident_n remain_v and_o that_o all_o outward_a operation_n terminate_v there_o and_o that_o only_o they_o be_v break_v and_o eat_v but_o as_o for_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n some_o be_v for_o its_o permanency_n with_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n some_o for_o its_o annihilation_n some_o for_o physical_a conversion_n but_o then_o these_o curiosites_n be_v keep_v in_o the_o school_n where_o witty_a man_n for_o want_v of_o more_o useful_a employment_n entertain_v and_o amuse_v themselves_o with_o these_o fine_a subtlety_n of_o thought_n but_o then_o they_o be_v confine_v within_o the_o school_n and_o never_o admit_v so_o much_o as_o to_o ask_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o church_n in_o the_o next_o age_n come_v that_o young_a and_o active_a pope_n innocent_n the_o three_o who_o succeed_v to_o the_o see_v anno_fw-la 1198._o in_o the_o thirty_o seven_o year_n of_o of_o his_o age_n have_v be_v make_v cardinal_n in_o the_o twenty_o nine_o in_o the_o eighteen_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o summon_v the_o famous_a four_o or_o great_a council_n of_o lateran_n at_o which_o be_v present_a above_o 400_o bishop_n metropolitan_n and_o patriarch_n beside_o ambassador_n from_o all_o prince_n in_o christendom_n for_o recovery_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n extirpation_n of_o heresy_n and_o for_o reformation_n of_o the_o church_n in_o this_o council_n the_o word_n transubstantiate_a be_v first_o use_v in_o a_o decree_n of_o the_o church_n to_o express_v the_o real_a or_o substantial_a presence_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o sacrament_n under_o the_o species_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n where_o in_o the_o decree_n against_o the_o heresy_n of_o the_o albigenses_n who_o deny_v the_o real_a presence_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n be_v real_o contain_v under_o the_o species_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n the_o bread_n be_v transubstantiate_v into_o the_o body_n and_o the_o wine_n into_o the_o blood_n by_o the_o power_n of_o god._n but_o though_o the_o council_n use_v the_o word_n to_o express_v the_o mystery_n they_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o define_v its_o signification_n much_o less_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n it_o be_v a_o word_n that_o at_o that_o time_n it_o seem_v be_v in_o fashion_n have_v be_v make_v use_n of_o by_o some_o of_o the_o more_o polite_a writer_n of_o the_o age._n some_o give_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o invention_n to_o paschasius_fw-la radbertus_n some_o to_o petrus_n blesensis_n and_o some_o to_o other_o but_o be_v a_o word_n in_o vogue_n among_o learned_a man_n the_o council_n make_v use_v of_o it_o as_o a_o term_n of_o art_n instead_o of_o the_o old_a word_n transelementation_n that_o have_v hitherto_o keep_v its_o possession_n among_o both_o greek_n and_o latin_n it_o be_v pity_v the_o greek_a copy_n of_o this_o canon_n be_v lose_v whereas_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v preserve_v for_o if_o we_o have_v the_o greek_a word_n that_o answer_v to_o the_o latin_a it_o may_v have_v give_v we_o some_o more_o light_a into_o the_o thing_n however_o this_o be_v all_o that_o be_v define_v by_o innocent_a the_o three_o or_o by_o the_o council_n of_o lateran_n for_o it_o be_v much_o dispute_v by_o learned_a man_n who_o be_v the_o author_n of_o those_o canon_n many_o contend_v that_o they_o be_v draw_v up_o after_o the_o council_n because_o they_o often_o quote_v and_o appeal_v to_o its_o decree_n this_o be_v the_o chief_a argument_n of_o the_o learned_a and_o the_o loyal_a william_n barclay_n and_o other_o against_o they_o but_o if_o these_o learned_a man_n have_v consider_v a_o little_a further_o and_o look_v back_o to_o the_o three_o council_n of_o lateran_n they_o will_v have_v find_v all_o the_o canon_n cite_v in_o this_o extant_a in_o that_o so_o that_o only_o some_o canon_n of_o the_o three_o council_n be_v revive_v and_o ratify_v in_o this_o four_o and_o after_o the_o clear_n of_o this_o objection_n i_o can_v see_v no_o other_o material_a

exception_n against_o they_o but_o to_o proceed_v this_o word_n have_v gain_v the_o authority_n of_o so_o great_a a_o council_n and_o be_v put_v into_o the_o decretal_n of_o the_o church_n by_o gregory_n the_o nine_o in_o honour_n of_o his_o uncle_n innocent_a the_o three_o it_o soon_o gain_v universal_a usage_n among_o the_o latin_n and_o be_v adopt_v into_o the_o catalogue_n of_o school_n term_n and_o be_v there_o hammer_v into_o a_o thousand_o shape_n and_o form_n by_o those_o master_n of_o subtlety_n and_o upon_o it_o st._n thomas_n of_o aquin_n erect_v a_o new_a kingdom_n of_o his_o own_o against_o the_o old_a lombardian_n empire_n but_o long_o he_o have_v not_o reign_v when_o scotus_n our_o subtle_a countryman_n set_v up_o against_o he_o and_o whatever_o st._n thomas_n of_o aquin_n assert_v for_o that_o reason_n only_o he_o contradict_v he_o so_o that_o they_o two_o become_v the_o very_a caesar_n and_o pompey_n of_o the_o school_n almost_o all_o the_o great_a master_n of_o disputation_n from_o that_o time_n fight_v under_o one_o of_o their_o command_n and_o what_o intelligible_a philosophy_n both_o party_n vent_v about_o the_o substantial_a o●_n transubstantial_a presence_n upon_o supposition_n of_o the_o real_a difference_n between_o matter_n and_o form_n substance_n and_o accident_n will_v be_v both_o too_o nice_a and_o too_o tedious_a to_o recite_v only_o in_o general_a the_o thomist_n maintain_v the_o transmutation_n of_o the_o element_n the_o scotist_n the_o annihilation_n and_o they_o proceed_v to_o abstract_n so_o long_o till_o they_o can_v not_o only_o separate_v the_o matter_n and_o form_n and_o accident_n of_o the_o bread_n from_o one_o another_o but_o the_o paneity_n or_o breadishness_n itself_o from_o they_o all_o and_o found_v a_o new_a utopian_a world_n of_o metaphysic_n and_o specific_a entity_n and_o abstract_n thus_o far_o i_o have_v as_o brief_o as_o i_o can_v represent_v the_o scholastic_a history_n of_o this_o argument_n in_o which_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o church_n be_v not_o at_o all_o concern_v have_v go_v no_o far_a than_o to_o assign_v or_o appropriate_v a_o word_n to_o signify_v such_o a_o thing_n but_o all_o along_o declare_v the_o thing_n itself_o to_o be_v beyond_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o definition_n i_o know_v it_o be_v common_o say_v that_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n have_v presume_v to_o define_v the_o modus_fw-la and_o learned_a man_n i_o know_v not_o by_o what_o fatal_a oversight_n take_v it_o up_o on_o trust_v one_o from_o another_o and_o the_o definition_n be_v general_o give_v in_o these_o term_n that_o transubstantiation_n be_v wrought_v by_o the_o annihilation_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n the_o accident_n remain_v to_o the_o which_o annihilation_n succeed_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n under_o the_o accident_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n so_o the_o bishop_n of_o durham_n and_o winchester_n represent_v it_o so_o mr._n alix_n and_o the_o writer_n of_o his_o church_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o contrary_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o all_o other_o church_n they_o confound_v the_o real_a presence_n with_o transubstantiation_n as_o this_o learned_a man_n have_v do_v through_o his_o whole_a disputation_n upon_o it_o use_v the_o very_a word_n promiscuous_o as_o indeed_o all_o the_o modern_a follower_n of_o calvin_n do_v and_o charge_v the_o same_o absurdity_n upon_o both_o and_o impute_v the_o first_o invention_n of_o the_o real_a presence_n to_o nicolas_n the_o second_o and_o gregory_z the_o seven_o in_o their_o decree_n against_o berengarius_fw-la but_o i_o can_v but_o wonder_v how_o so_o many_o learned_a man_n shall_v with_o so_o much_o assurance_n fancy_n to_o themselves_o such_o a_o definition_n in_o the_o trent_n council_n of_o the_o modus_fw-la of_o transubstantiation_n by_o the_o annihilation_n of_o the_o substance_n and_o the_o permanency_n of_o the_o accident_n when_o the_o father_n of_o that_o council_n be_v so_o far_o from_o any_o such_o design_n that_o they_o design_v nothing_o more_o careful_o than_o to_o avoid_v all_o scholastic_a definition_n the_o subtle_a dispute_n about_o the_o modus_fw-la existendi_fw-la as_o they_o term_v it_o between_o the_o dominican_n and_o franciscan_n in_o that_o council_n be_v describe_v at_o large_a by_o father_n paolo_n himself_o in_o the_o four_o book_n of_o his_o history_n but_o withal_o he_o say_v they_o be_v extreme_o displease_v and_o offensive_a to_o the_o father_n but_o most_o of_o all_o to_o the_o nuncio_n himself_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o a_o general_n congregation_n to_o determine_v the_o matter_n in_o as_o few_o and_o general_a term_n as_o possible_a to_o offend_v neither_o party_n and_o avoid_v contention_n and_o when_o notwithstanding_o this_o decree_n they_o fall_v into_o new_a dispute_n they_o be_v check_v by_o the_o famous_a bishop_n of_o bitunto_fw-la who_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a compiler_n of_o the_o canon_n tell_v they_o they_o come_v thither_o to_o condemn_v heresy_n not_o to_o define_v scholastic_a nicety_n and_o according_o in_o the_o very_a first_o chapter_n of_o the_o 13_o session_n in_o which_o this_o article_n be_v define_v when_o they_o determine_v the_o real_a presence_n they_o at_o the_o same_o time_n declare_v the_o existendi_fw-la ratio_fw-la to_o be_v ineffable_a and_o in_o the_o four_o chapter_n where_o transubstantiation_n be_v decree_v the_o canon_n run_v thus_o that_o by_o the_o consecration_n of_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n there_o be_v a_o conversion_n of_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o bread_n into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o wine_n into_o the_o substance_n of_o his_o blood_n which_o conversion_n be_v fit_o and_o proper_o call_v by_o the_o holy_a catholic_n church_n transubstantiation_n in_o all_o which_o the_o council_n only_o appropriate_v the_o word_n transubstantiation_n to_o express_v the_o real_a presence_n which_o it_o have_v before_o determine_v in_o the_o first_o chapter_n not_o to_o be_v after_o a_o natural_a way_n of_o existence_n as_o christ_n sit_v at_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o god_n but_o sacramental_a after_o a_o ineffable_a manner_n though_o here_o some_o peevish_o object_n the_o inconsistence_n of_o the_o council_n with_o itself_o when_o it_o declare_v that_o the_o thing_n be_v inexpressible_a and_o yet_o appropriate_v a_o word_n to_o express_v it_o whereas_o all_o christendom_n know_v that_o the_o procession_n of_o the_o eternal_a word_n from_o the_o father_n be_v ineffable_a and_o yet_o be_v express_v by_o the_o word_n generation_n and_o that_o the_o union_n of_o the_o divine_a and_o humane_a nature_n be_v ineffable_a and_o yet_o be_v call_v the_o hypostatical_a union_n and_o that_o the_o unity_n in_o the_o trinity_n be_v ineffable_a and_o yet_o be_v express_v by_o the_o word_n consubstantial_a so_o that_o this_o council_n seem_v to_o have_v define_v no_o more_o than_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a do_v in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o bless_a trinity_n in_o express_v the_o unity_n of_o the_o three_o person_n by_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o distinction_n by_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o amount_v to_o no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o as_o it_o be_v certain_a from_o the_o holy_a scripture_n that_o in_o the_o unity_n of_o the_o godhead_n there_o be_v a_o trinity_n so_o the_o holy_a father_n to_o avoid_v the_o nicety_n of_o contentious_a man_n such_o as_o arius_n be_v determine_v that_o for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v the_o mystery_n shall_v be_v express_v by_o the_o term_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o as_o for_o any_o philosophical_a notion_n of_o the_o mystery_n the_o church_n never_o presume_v to_o define_v it_o and_o this_o be_v the_o definition_n of_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n of_o the_o real_a presence_n that_o there_o be_v a_o conversion_n of_o the_o substance_n under_o the_o species_n or_o appearance_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n which_o the_o church_n have_v think_v convenient_a to_o express_v by_o the_o word_n transubstantiation_n and_o yet_o though_o the_o council_n approve_v the_o word_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o impose_v it_o it_o only_o declare_v it_o to_o be_v convenient_a but_o no_o where_o say_v it_o be_v necessary_a and_o as_o for_o the_o term_n conversion_n it_o be_v much_o old_a than_o the_o word_n transubstantiation_n familiar_o use_v by_o the_o ancient_a father_n and_o so_o be_v the_o word_n species_n i_o know_v indeed_o it_o be_v usual_a with_o schoolman_n and_o protestant_a writer_n to_o translate_v the_o word_n under_o species_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n by_o these_o word_n under_o the_o accident_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n as_o particular_o the_o late_a bishop_n of_o durham_n and_o winchester_n have_v do_v but_o this_o be_v to_o impose_v philosophic_a nicety_n upon_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o church_n and_o though_o perhaps_o all_o the_o

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in_o the_o word_n of_o the_o author_n himself_o we_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v a_o plain_a contradiction_n that_o body_n shall_v have_v any_o existence_n but_o what_o alone_o be_v proper_a to_o a_o body_n that_o be_v corporeal_a this_o be_v their_o last_o resolution_n of_o this_o controversy_n that_o a_o true_a real_a presence_n be_v a_o contradiction_n and_o so_o i_o think_v be_v a_o real_a spiritual_a presence_n of_o a_o bodily_a substance_n this_o scent_n the_o whole_a chase_n follow_v and_o unanimous_o agree_v in_o this_o cry_n that_o there_o be_v no_o presence_n but_o either_o mere_o figurative_a and_o that_o shut_v out_o all_o reality_n and_o be_v universal_o condemn_v by_o all_o the_o reformation_n or_o mere_o spiritual_a i.e._n the_o present_a effect_n and_o benefit_n of_o the_o absent_a body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n which_o have_v be_v all_o along_o equal_o cashier_v by_o all_o other_o reform_a church_n as_o the_o other_o grand_a scandal_n of_o zuinglianism_n thus_o the_o 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word_n transubstantiation_n you_o to_o determine_v any_o part_n of_o divine_a worship_n in_o the_o christian_a church_n to_o be_v in_o its_o own_o nature_n idolatry_n be_v inhuman_a and_o barbarous_a idolatry_n be_v a_o stab_v and_o cutthroat_n word_n its_o least_o punishment_n be_v the_o great_a that_o can_v be_v both_o death_n and_o damnation_n and_o good_a reason_n too_o when_o the_o crime_n be_v no_o less_o than_o renounce_v the_o true_a god_n that_o make_v heaven_n and_o earth_n thus_o exod._n 22._o 20._o he_o that_o sacrifice_v unto_o any_o god_n save_v unto_o the_o lord_n or_o jehovah_n only_o he_o shall_v be_v utter_o destroy_v deut._n 13._o 6._o if_o thy_o brother_n the_o son_n of_o thy_o mother_n or_o thy_o son_n or_o thy_o daughter_n or_o the_o wife_n of_o thy_o bosom_n or_o thy_o friend_n which_o be_v as_o thy_o own_o soul_n entice_v thou_o secret_o say_v let_v we_o go_v and_o serve_v other_o god_n which_o thou_o have_v not_o know_v thou_o nor_o thy_o father_n namely_o

the_o father_n of_o abraham_n and_o the_o father_n of_o nachor_n and_o they_o serve_v strange_a gods._n but_o when_o abraham_n come_v into_o canaan_n i_o find_v no_o record_n that_o the_o custom_n of_o his_o country_n have_v pass_v the_o river_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a evident_a instance_n of_o their_o knowledge_n of_o the_o true_a god_n as_o creator_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n what_o can_v be_v more_o plain_a than_o the_o story_n of_o melchisedeck_v priest_n of_o the_o most_o high_a god_n a_o term_n appropriate_v in_o scripture_n to_o the_o supreme_a deity_n in_o his_o blessing_n abraham_n bless_a be_v abraham_n of_o the_o most_o high_a god_n creator_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n and_o when_o god_n consume_v sodom_n and_o gomorrah_n with_o fire_n from_o heaven_n idolatry_n be_v no_o where_o reckon_v among_o the_o cause_n and_o provocation_n of_o that_o severe_a and_o unusual_a judgement_n and_o have_v it_o be_v one_o of_o their_o cry_a sin_n it_o will_v have_v be_v the_o loud_a 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strange_a gods._n and_o from_o this_o time_n we_o read_v of_o nothing_o of_o this_o nature_n till_o the_o deliverance_n of_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n out_o of_o egypt_n after_o they_o have_v be_v detain_v there_o four_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o year_n according_a to_o the_o hebrew_n or_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifteen_o according_a to_o the_o seventy_o the_o great_a part_n of_o which_o time_n be_v spend_v in_o slavery_n and_o bondage_n but_o at_o and_o after_o their_o deliverance_n we_o hear_v of_o nothing_o else_o but_o caution_n against_o idolatry_n or_o worship_n of_o strange_a god_n as_o if_o in_o that_o long_a tract_n of_o time_n and_o misery_n they_o have_v lose_v the_o tradition_n of_o the_o god_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o by_o long_a conversation_n with_o the_o egyptian_n have_v take_v up_o their_o master_n religion_n together_o with_o their_o burden_n and_o it_o be_v scarce_o possible_a to_o be_v otherwise_o for_o man_n in_o their_o poor_a condition_n after_o so_o long_a 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i_o come_v unto_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n and_o shall_v say_v unto_o they_o the_o god_n of_o your_o father_n have_v send_v i_o unto_o you_o and_o they_o shall_v say_v to_o i_o what_o be_v his_o name_n or_o what_o god_n be_v he_o what_o shall_v i_o say_v unto_o they_o to_o this_o he_o be_v command_v to_o answer_v i_o be_o that_o i_o be_o have_v send_v you_o that_o be_v the_o only_a self_n existent_a be_v that_o be_v the_o only_a supreme_a deity_n and_o god_n of_o your_o father_n and_o for_o the_o truth_n and_o demonstration_n of_o this_o he_o refer_v both_o he_o and_o they_o to_o the_o follow_a miracle_n and_o when_o moses_n be_v discourage_v by_o the_o complaint_n of_o the_o people_n 6._o because_o of_o their_o severe_a usage_n the_o almighty_a give_v he_o encouragement_n upon_o this_o powerful_a motive_n i_o be_o jehovah_n or_o i_o be_o the_o lord_n who_o will_v deliver_v you_o with_o a_o strong_a hand_n or_o stretch_v out_o arm_n i.e._n i_o be_o that_o omnipotent_a self-existent_a be_v and_o that_o shall_v be_v the_o proof_n of_o it_o the_o great_a miracle_n that_o i_o will_v work_v for_o your_o delivery_n and_o at_o the_o time_n of_o their_o deliveranee_n he_o immediate_o institute_n the_o passover_n not_o only_o as_o a_o memorial_n of_o the_o thing_n but_o as_o i_o shall_v prove_v afterward_o the_o strong_a bar_n against_o idolatry_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o sit_v down_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o mount_n sinah_n which_o be_v their_o first_o place_n of_o rest_n god_n first_o care_n be_v to_o make_v further_a provision_n against_o idolatry_n where_o after_o a_o fearful_a and_o glorious_a representation_n of_o his_o presence_n he_o give_v the_o ten_o commandment_n whereof_o the_o four_o first_o be_v direct_o level_v against_o idolatry_n first_o he_o enjoin_v the_o worship_n of_o himself_o who_o by_o his_o almighty_a power_n have_v deliver_v they_o from_o their_o egyptian_a bondage_n in_o the_o next_o place_n he_o forbid_v they_o the_o worship_n of_o all_o idol_n i._n e._n as_o himself_o describe_v they_o the_o likeness_n or_o similitude_n of_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v in_o heaven_n above_o or_o in_o the_o earth_n beneath_o or_o in_o the_o water_n under_o the_o earth_n a_o plain_a and_o indeed_o logical_a definition_n this_o that_o idolatry_n be_v give_v the_o worship_n of_o the_o supreme_a god_n to_o any_o create_v corporeal_a or_o visible_a deity_n or_o any_o thing_n that_o can_v be_v represent_v by_o a_o image_n which_o nothing_o but_o coporeal_a being_n can_v and_o to_o suppose_v such_o a_o be_v the_o supreme_a deity_n be_v the_o only_a true_a and_o proper_a idolatry_n and_o though_o there_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o it_o first_o either_o to_o worship_n a_o material_a and_o create_v be_v as_o the_o supreme_a deity_n or_o second_o to_o ascribe_v any_o corporeal_a form_n or_o shape_n to_o the_o divine_a nature_n yet_o in_o the_o result_n both_o be_v but_o one_o for_o to_o ascribe_v unto_o the_o supreme_a 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by_o believe_v that_o there_o can_v be_v any_o similitude_n of_o the_o supreme_a godhead_n and_o as_o this_o be_v the_o literal_a and_o plain_a sense_n of_o the_o two_o first_o commandment_n so_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o only_a design_n of_o the_o three_o and_o four_o for_o the_o english_a of_o the_o three_o if_o it_o be_v right_o translate_v run_v thus_o thou_o shall_v not_o give_v the_o name_n of_o the_o lord_n thy_o god_n to_o a_o vanity_n or_o idol_n and_o so_o the_o septuagint_n render_v it_o for_o the_o word_n vanity_n and_o idol_n be_v synonomous_a in_o scripture_n because_o a_o idol_n be_v a_o vain_a and_o empty_a thing_n that_o represent_v nothing_o for_o when_o it_o be_v set_v up_o as_o the_o symbol_n and_o image_n of_o a_o deity_n that_o be_v no_o deity_n it_o be_v the_o image_n of_o nothing_o as_o st._n paul_n

upon_o because_o of_o that_o great_a pre-eminence_n that_o they_o hold_v above_o all_o other_o order_n of_o creature_n a_o man_n for_o understanding_n a_o eagle_n for_o swiftness_n a_o lion_n and_o a_o bull_n for_o strength_n but_o what_o ever_o they_o be_v they_o be_v sacred_a image_n set_v up_o by_o god_n himself_o in_o the_o place_n of_o his_o own_o worship_n and_o he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o forbid_v the_o use_n of_o image_n in_o it_o that_o he_o will_v not_o be_v worship_v without_o they_o this_o be_v the_o true_a account_n of_o idolatry_n as_o it_o be_v state_v in_o the_o scripture_n from_o the_o grand_a design_n of_o the_o mosaic_a law_n to_o restore_v the_o worship_n of_o the_o true_a invisible_a god_n the_o creator_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n in_o opposition_n to_o the_o idol_n or_o create_v deity_n of_o the_o heathen_a world_n and_o by_o all_o wise_a art_n and_o method_n to_o keep_v they_o loyal_a to_o himself_o and_o this_o give_v we_o the_o true_a rationale_n of_o the_o mosaic_a law_n in_o which_o every_o particular_a rite_n have_v some_o regard_n to_o idolatry_n so_o that_o the_o breach_n of_o any_o one_o ceremonial_a law_n be_v a_o degree_n of_o it_o and_o to_o boil_v a_o kid_n in_o its_o mother_n milk_n be_v idolatry_n as_o well_o as_o to_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o the_o sun_n because_o the_o heathen_n use_v that_o form_n of_o ceremony_n in_o the_o worship_n of_o that_o god._n god_n do_v not_o think_v it_o sufficient_a for_o their_o security_n to_o forbid_v they_o the_o worship_n of_o this_o false_a god_n but_o every_o minute_n circumstance_n that_o belong_v to_o it_o lest_o by_o degree_n they_o may_v be_v reconcile_v to_o it_o and_o therefore_o god_n call_v himself_o upon_o all_o occasion_n a_o jealous_a god_n and_o oftentimes_o a_o jealous_a husband_n to_o let_v they_o know_v that_o they_o must_v not_o only_o avoid_v idolatry_n itself_o but_o all_o the_o least_o appearance_n and_o suspicion_n of_o it_o by_o heathen_a compliance_n now_o if_o we_o compare_v this_o ancient_a idolatry_n of_o the_o jew_n with_o that_o of_o late_o charge_v by_o some_o man_n upon_o all_o christian_n of_o the_o roman_a communion_n i_o know_v not_o which_o will_v appear_v great_a the_o malice_n or_o the_o folly_n of_o the_o charge_n it_o consist_v of_o these_o three_o head_n i._o the_o worship_n of_o image_n ii_o adoration_n of_o the_o host._n iii_o invocation_n of_o saint_n all_o which_o be_v represent_v to_o the_o people_n as_o crime_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o the_o old_a egyptian_a idolatry_n but_o as_o to_o the_o first_o the_o use_n of_o image_n in_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n i_o can_v but_o admire_v at_o the_o confidence_n of_o these_o man_n to_o make_v so_o bold_a a_o charge_n against_o they_o in_o general_a 22._o when_o the_o image_n of_o the_o cherubin_n be_v command_v by_o god_n himself_o they_o be_v the_o most_o solemn_a and_o sacred_a part_n of_o the_o jewish_a religion_n and_o therefore_o though_o image_n so_o far_o from_o idolatry_n that_o god_n make_v they_o the_o seat_n of_o his_o presence_n and_o from_o between_o they_o deliver_v his_o oracle_n so_o that_o something_o more_o be_v require_v to_o make_v idolatry_n than_o the_o use_n of_o image_n this_o instance_n be_v so_o plain_a and_o obvious_a to_o every_o reader_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o remarkable_a in_o all_o the_o old_a testament_n than_o the_o honour_n do_v to_o the_o cherubin_n that_o it_o be_v a_o much_o great_a wonder_n to_o i_o that_o those_o man_n who_o advance_v the_o objection_n of_o idolatry_n so_o groundless_o can_v so_o slight_o rid_v themselves_o of_o so_o pregnant_a a_o proof_n against_o it_o it_o be_v object_v rome_n i_o remember_v by_o a_o learned_a adversary_n to_o the_o great_a founder_n of_o this_o and_o all_o other_o anticatholique_a and_o antichristian_a and_o uncharitable_a principle_n among_o we_o but_o he_o turn_v it_o off_o so_o careless_o as_o if_o it_o be_v not_o worth_a his_o notice_n first_o that_o they_o only_o direct_v their_o worship_n towards_o the_o image_n yea_o they_o do_v so_o as_o the_o symbol_n of_o god_n presence_n and_o that_o be_v to_o worship_n god_n by_o image_n or_o to_o give_v the_o same_o sign_n of_o reverence_n to_o his_o representation_n as_o to_o himself_o and_o therefore_o when_o david_n exhort_v the_o people_n to_o give_v honour_n to_o the_o ark_n he_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d bow_v down_o to_o or_o worship_v his_o footstool_n for_o it_o or_o he_o be_v holy_a and_o if_o so_o much_o outward_a worship_n may_v be_v give_v to_o image_n as_o symbol_n of_o the_o divine_a presence_n it_o be_v enough_o to_o justify_v it_o but_o however_o the_o thing_n stand_v the_o case_n of_o all_o image_n be_v the_o same_o and_o a_o roman_a catholic_n may_v make_v the_o same_o plea_n for_o his_o church_n as_o this_o author_n do_v for_o the_o jew_n and_o if_o he_o accept_v it_o in_o one_o case_n he_o can_v refuse_v it_o in_o another_o or_o if_o he_o do_v he_o will_v give_v but_o little_a proof_n of_o his_o integrity_n at_o lest_o god_n be_v not_o so_o nice_a and_o metaphysical_a in_o enact_v his_o law_n by_o distinguish_v between_o bow_v to_o and_o towards_o or_o if_o these_o gentleman_n say_v he_o be_v they_o must_v show_v we_o where_o but_o what_o authority_n do_v these_o man_n assume_v to_o themselves_o when_o by_o the_o precarious_a use_n of_o these_o two_o little_a particle_n they_o think_v to_o make_v the_o same_o act_n the_o white_a and_o the_o black_a thing_n in_o the_o world_n towards_o a_o image_n it_o be_v innocent_a to_o it_o idolatry_n but_o let_v they_o take_v which_o they_o please_v for_o they_o be_v their_o own_o carver_n in_o all_o their_o own_o controversy_n if_o it_o be_v no_o idolatry_n to_o worship_n towards_o a_o image_n after_o all_o their_o fright_v they_o fair_o give_v up_o the_o cause_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n that_o require_v no_o more_o but_o the_o second_o reply_n be_v much_o more_o curious_a and_o metaphysical_a that_o the_o cherubim_n be_v not_o see_v by_o the_o people_n and_o adore_v but_o once_o a_o year_n by_o the_o high_a priest_n here_o than_o we_o distinguish_v between_o the_o idolatry_n of_o the_o sight_n and_o the_o mind_n a_o image_n see_v be_v idolatry_n but_o if_o cover_a it_o be_v none_o so_o that_o to_o adore_v the_o host_n expose_v be_v idolatry_n but_o in_o a_o pix_n it_o be_v none_o what_o rubbish_n be_v here_o to_o stuff_n out_o so_o weighty_a a_o argument_n but_o if_o they_o do_v not_o see_v their_o image_n in_o the_o ark_n they_o know_v they_o to_o be_v there_o and_o of_o what_o form_n they_o be_v be_v describe_v to_o they_o by_o god_n himself_o in_o their_o law._n upon_o these_o term_n it_o seem_v a_o blind_a man_n can_v never_o be_v a_o idolater_n and_o if_o all_o the_o romanist_n will_v shut_v their_o eye_n at_o convenient_a time_n they_o will_v quit_v themselves_o of_o this_o black_a accusation_n but_o the_o high_a priest_n use_v this_o solemnity_n only_o once_o a_o year_n if_o it_o be_v idolatry_n it_o be_v as_o unlawful_a once_o a_o year_n as_o if_o do_v every_o day_n and_o if_o lawful_o do_v but_o once_o a_o year_n it_o be_v no_o idolatry_n it_o be_v be_v seldom_o or_o frequent_v make_v no_o difference_n it_o be_v either_o always_o idolatry_n or_o it_o be_v never_o so_o and_o yet_o these_o little_a pretence_n be_v the_o last_o result_n of_o this_o great_a argument_n and_o when_o we_o have_v load_v the_o great_a part_n of_o christendom_n with_o the_o foul_a crime_n in_o the_o world_n we_o think_v to_o make_v good_a the_o accusation_n by_o such_o shameless_a shift_n and_o pretence_n as_o these_o for_o in_o these_o trifle_n the_o dispute_n as_o to_o the_o cherubin_n image_n end_v and_o yet_o the_o clamour_n of_o idolatry_n be_v keep_v up_o as_o high_a as_o ever_o to_o this_o very_a day_n but_o what_o image_n do_v the_o roman_a catholic_n worship_n do_v they_o worship_v any_o image_n or_o symbol_n of_o false_a god_n as_o the_o supreuse_fw-fr deity_n if_o they_o do_v not_o than_o they_o be_v innocent_a of_o the_o worst_a part_n of_o idolatry_n or_o do_v they_o attempt_v to_o make_v a_o similitude_n of_o the_o true_a god_n or_o uncreated_a divine_a nature_n that_o be_v the_o other_o part_n of_o idolatry_n and_o the_o scripture_n know_v no_o more_o therefore_o however_o superstitious_a they_o may_v be_v in_o their_o use_n of_o image_n yet_o they_o can_v be_v guilty_a of_o idolatry_n but_o upon_o one_o of_o these_o two_o account_n which_o no_o man_n be_v ever_o yet_o so_o hardy_a as_o to_o charge_v upon_o that_o church_n till_o therefore_o it_o be_v prove_v that_o they_o worship_v image_n of_o false_a god_n as_o the_o supreme_a deity_n or_o that_o they_o worship_v the_o true_a god_n by_o corporeal_a

image_n and_o representation_n of_o his_o divine_a nature_n there_o be_v no_o foot_n for_o idolatry_n in_o christendom_n as_o for_o the_o adoration_n of_o the_o host_n when_o they_o can_v prove_v it_o be_v give_v to_o it_o either_o as_o a_o symbol_n of_o a_o false_a god_n or_o the_o picture_n of_o the_o true_a one_o howsoever_o faulty_a it_o may_v be_v otherwise_o it_o can_v be_v no_o idolatry_n and_o as_o for_o the_o invocation_n of_o saint_n unless_o they_o worship_v they_o as_o the_o supreme_a god_n the_o charge_n of_o idolatry_n be_v a_o idle_a word_n and_o the_o adoration_n itself_o that_o be_v give_v to_o they_o as_o saint_n be_v a_o direct_a protestation_n against_o idolatry_n because_o it_o suppose_v a_o superior_a deity_n and_o that_o supposition_n cut_v off_o the_o very_o be_v of_o idolatry_n but_o to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o their_o precarious_a notion_n of_o idolatry_n and_o their_o more_o precarious_a way_n of_o prove_v it_o will_v swell_v to_o volume_n and_o therefore_o at_o present_a i_o shall_v dismiss_v the_o argument_n and_o shall_v only_o observe_v what_o a_o barbarous_a thing_n it_o be_v to_o make_v the_o life_n fortune_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o english_a nobility_n and_o gentry_n to_o depend_v upon_o such_o trifle_n and_o crudity_n by_o remark_v the_o unheard_a of_o and_o unparalleled_a penalty_n that_o be_v annex_v to_o so_o slender_a a_o law_n viz._n that_o every_o offender_n shall_v be_v deem_v and_o adjudge_v a_o popish_a recusant_n convict_v to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n whatsoever_o and_o shall_v forfeit_v and_o suffer_v as_o a_o popish_a recusant_n convict_v and_o shall_v be_v disable_v to_o hold_v and_o office_n or_o place_n of_o trust_n or_o profit_n civil_a or_o military_a in_o any_o of_o his_o majesty_n realm_n or_o foreign_a plantation_n and_o shall_v be_v disable_v from_o thenceforth_o to_o sit_v or_o uote_v in_o either_o house_n of_o parliament_n or_o make_v a_o proxy_n in_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n or_o to_o sue_v or_o use_v any_o action_n bill_n plaint_n or_o information_n in_o course_n of_o law_n or_o to_o prosecute_v any_o suit_n in_o any_o court_n of_o equity_n or_o to_o be_v guardian_n of_o any_o child_n or_o executor_n or_o administrator_n of_o any_o person_n or_o capable_a of_o any_o legacy_n or_o deed_n of_o gift_n and_o last_o shall_v forfeit_v for_o every_o wilful_a offence_n the_o sum_n of_o five_o hundred_o pound_n here_o be_v all_o the_o punishment_n that_o can_v be_v inflict_v upon_o a_o live_a man._n convict_v recusancy_n itself_o one_o will_v think_v be_v punishment_n more_o than_o enough_o for_o any_o one_o crime_n abjuration_n of_o the_o realm_n 1._o return_v without_o leave_n felony_n without_o clergy_n upon_o refuse_v to_o abjure_v forfeiture_n of_o all_o good_n chattel_n and_o land_n for_o liofe_n forfeiture_n of_o sixty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la 4._o banishment_n from_o the_o king_n court_n under_o forfeiture_n of_o a_o hundred_o pound_n and_o from_o london_n on_o the_o same_o penalty_n forfeiture_n of_o right_n of_o patronage_n disable_v from_o any_o practice_n or_o office_n in_o law_n and_o final_o disable_v to_o be_v guardian_n executor_n or_o administrator_n and_o legatee_n this_o be_v think_v the_o utmost_a severity_n in_o the_o zealous_a day_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n but_o alas_o our_o modern_a zeal_n will_v not_o be_v confine_v to_o the_o gentle_a moderation_n of_o our_o forefather_n but_o now_o we_o must_v suffer_v all_o those_o with_o many_o more_o to_o the_o loss_n of_o our_o birthrights_a and_o all_o benefit_n of_o law_n for_o no_o high_a act_n of_o recusancy_n than_o not_o swear_v to_o the_o truth_n of_o dr._n st_n unlearned_a and_o fanatique_a notion_n of_o idolatry_n for_o that_o in_o reality_n be_v the_o bottom_n of_o all_o this_o mischief_n and_o madness_n and_o as_o it_o be_v advance_v among_o we_o into_o so_o bloody_a a_o charge_n i_o can_v but_o declare_v my_o utter_a abhorrence_n both_o of_o that_o and_o its_o abetter_n as_o swear_v enemy_n to_o the_o peace_n of_o christendom_n and_o in_o the_o result_n of_o all_o i_o find_v that_o idolatry_n make_v the_o plot_n and_o that_o the_o plot_n make_v idolatry_n and_o that_o the_o same_o person_n make_v both_o thus_o beg_v allowance_n for_o humane_a infirmity_n lesser_a error_n and_o mistake_v which_o in_o so_o much_o variety_n of_o argument_n and_o citation_n will_v escape_v the_o great_a care_n i_o have_v declare_v my_o present_a judgement_n of_o this_o unhappy_a law_n as_o i_o will_v answer_v for_o my_o integrity_n to_o god_n and_o the_o world._n sa_o oxon_n the_o name_n of_o the_o protest_a peer_n to_o the_o number_n of_o 23._o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o journal_n book_n lib._n 4._o do_v 10._o conference_n p._n 119._o institut_n book_n 4._o cap._n 17._o sect._n 11._o sect._n 32._o pag._n 166._o anno_fw-la 5to_fw-la &_o 6to_o edw._n 6ti_fw-la animad_fw-la cass._n artic._n 10._o in_o animad_fw-la riveti_n votum_fw-la pro_fw-la pace_n art._n 10._o rivet_n apol_n dicuss_v answer_v to_o t._n c._n dialogue_n p._n 66._o gen._n 12._o 1._o exod._n 3._o 6._o ver._n 13._o chap._n 6._o bochart_n dr._n hammond_n dr._n spencer_n kircher_n exod._n 32._o 6._o gen._n 31._o 30._o chap._n 25_o 26._o ezek._n 20._o 7_o 8._o josh._n 24._o 14._o judg._n 2._o 11._o ch._n 10._o 10._o sam._n 7._o 3_o 4._o cap._n 12._o 1_o king._n 11._o 4_o 5._o 1_o king._n 12._o 16._o vide_fw-la dr._n spencer_n p._n 773._o 1_o king._n 14._o 22._o 1_o king._n 19_o 14_o 18._o 2_o king._n 17._o ver._n 15._o cap._n 22._o 17._o 2_o king._n 25._o more_n nevoch_n lib._n 3._o gen._n 17._o 7_o 10._o gal._n 5._o 3._o exod._n 12._o 48._o 1_o mac._n 1._o v._n 15_o 48_o 60_o 61._o 2_o king._n 16._o 18._o psal._n 96._o 5._o jer._n 10._o 11_o 12._o hom._n 6._o the_o fest_n pasch._n leu._n 18._o 3._o hist._n l._n 5._o exod._n 12._o 3._o exod._n 8._o 26._o deut._n 16._o 2._o 2_o chron._n 25._o 7._o exod._n 12._o 36_o num._n 19_o levit._fw-la 17._o 7._o 1_o king._n 15._o 14._o 1_o king._n 22._o 43._o 2_o king._n 12._o 3._o chap._n 14._o 4._o chap._n 15._o 4._o act._n 13._o 18._o deut._n 1._o 31._o gal._n 4._o 3._o exod._n 25._o 18._o ezek._n 28._o 14._o 1_o sam._n 4._o 3_o 4._o 2_o king._n 19_o 15._o psal._n 24._o 78._o 78._o grotius_n dr._n spencer_n villalpandus_fw-la bochartus_fw-la exod._n 25._o 22._o dr._n st._n of_o the_o idolatry_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n 35_o eliz._n ca._n 1._o 3_o jacob._n ca._n 4._o