at_o the_o same_o time_n have_v leisure_n enough_o to_o run_v into_o other_o matter_n about_o which_o there_o may_v be_v more_o colour_n for_o cavil_v so_o that_o this_o can_v be_v the_o true_a reason_n and_o i_o leave_v the_o reader_n to_o judge_v what_o it_o be_v the_o last_o thing_n be_v the_o point_n of_o reason_n and_o here_o he_o find_v leisure_n enough_o to_o expatiate_v but_o i_o shall_v keep_v to_o that_o point_n upon_o which_o he_o suppose_v the_o whole_a controversy_n to_o turn_v which_o be_v whether_o the_o difference_n between_o nature_n and_o person_n which_o we_o observe_v in_o mankind_n do_v so_o far_o hold_v with_o respect_n to_o the_o divine_a nature_n that_o it_o be_v a_o contradiction_n to_o say_v there_o be_v three_o person_n and_o not_o three_o god_n and_o there_o be_v several_a thing_n i_o propose_v in_o order_n to_o the_o clear_n of_o this_o matter_n which_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o lay_v down_o as_o distinct_o as_o i_o can_v and_o i_o shall_v not_o be_v hector_v or_o banter_v out_o of_o that_o which_o i_o account_v the_o most_o proper_a method_n although_o it_o happen_v to_o be_v too_o obscure_a for_o our_o man_n of_o wit_n to_o understand_v without_o hazard_n of_o their_o jaw_n the_o principle_n or_o supposition_n i_o lay_v down_o be_v these_o i._o nature_n be_v one_o and_o indivisible_a in_o itself_o wherever_o it_o be_v ii_o the_o more_o perfect_a any_o nature_n be_v the_o more_o perfect_a must_v its_o unity_n be_v iii_o whatever_o be_v affirm_v of_o a_o most_o perfect_a be_v must_v be_v understand_v in_o a_o way_n agreeable_a to_o its_o perfection_n iv._o it_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o divine_a nature_n to_o be_v multiply_v into_o such_o individual_n as_o be_v among_o man_n because_o it_o argue_v such_o a_o dependence_n and_o separation_n as_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o the_o most_o perfect_a unity_n v._o to_o suppose_v three_o distinct_a person_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o indivisible_a divine_a nature_n be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o divine_a perfection_n if_o they_o be_v found_v on_o such_o relative_a property_n which_o can_v be_v confound_v with_o each_o other_o and_o be_v in_o themselves_o agreeable_a to_o the_o divine_a nature_n vi_o whether_o there_o be_v three_o such_o distinct_a person_n or_o not_o be_v not_o to_o be_v draw_v from_o our_o own_o imagination_n or_o similitude_n in_o create_a being_n but_o only_o from_o the_o word_n of_o god_n from_o who_o alone_o the_o knowledge_n of_o it_o can_v be_v communicate_v to_o mankind_n let_v we_o now_o see_v how_o he_o prove_v that_o since_o there_o be_v no_o contradiction_n for_o three_o person_n to_o be_v in_o one_o common_a human_a nature_n it_o must_v be_v a_o contradiction_n to_o assert_v three_o person_n in_o the_o same_o divine_a nature_n he_o offer_v at_o no_o less_o than_o demonstrative_a reason_n p._n 58._o c._n 2._o but_o i_o have_v always_o have_v the_o most_o cause_n to_o fear_v the_o man_n that_o pretend_v to_o infallibility_n and_o demonstration_n i_o pass_v over_o his_o mysterious_a box_n as_o trifle_n fit_v only_o to_o entertain_v his_o man_n of_o wit_n and_o come_v immediate_o to_o his_o demonstrative_a reason_n be_v it_o be_v to_o be_v meet_v with_o it_o come_v at_o last_o to_o no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o human_a nature_n and_o angelical_a nature_n and_o camel_n nature_n have_v no_o existence_n but_o only_o in_o our_o conception_n and_o be_v only_a notion_n of_o our_o mind_n but_o the_o person_n in_o the_o same_o rational_a be_v be_v not_o mere_a metaphysical_a person_n or_o relative_n property_n but_o they_o be_v such_o as_o necessary_o suppose_v distinct_a substance_n as_o well_o as_o distinct_a property_n but_o in_o the_o trinity_n the_o nature_n be_v a_o real_o exist_v nature_n it_o be_v a_o spiritual_a substance_n and_o endue_v with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o divine_a attribute_n not_o a_o abstract_a or_o mere_a notional_a imaginary_a nature_n and_o the_o divine_a person_n be_v not_o distinct_a substance_n or_o real_a being_n but_o property_n only_o in_o a_o real_a be_v and_o in_o a_o infinite_a substance_n this_o be_v the_o force_n of_o the_o demonstration_n but_o now_o if_o i_o can_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o every_o nature_n be_v not_o only_o one_o and_o indivisible_a in_o itself_o but_o endue_v with_o essential_a attribute_n and_o property_n belong_v to_o it_o as_o such_o than_o it_o will_v be_v evident_a that_o nature_n be_v not_o a_o mere_a abstract_a notion_n of_o our_o mind_n but_o something_o which_o real_o exist_v somewhere_o and_o then_o the_o foundation_n of_o this_o demonstrative_a reason_n be_v take_v away_o and_o i_o appeal_v to_o any_o person_n that_o consider_v thing_n whether_o the_o human_a angelical_a and_o camel_n nature_n as_o he_o call_v it_o do_v not_o real_o differ_v from_o each_o other_o and_o have_v such_o essential_a property_n belong_v to_o they_o as_o can_v agree_v to_o any_o other_o nature_n for_o else_o it_o must_v be_v a_o mere_a notion_n and_o fiction_n of_o the_o mind_n to_o make_v any_o real_a difference_n between_o they_o but_o if_o human_a nature_n and_o camel_n nature_n do_v essential_o differ_v from_o each_o other_o than_o every_o nature_n have_v its_o essential_a unity_n and_o property_n which_o can_v belong_v to_o any_o other_o and_o that_o without_o any_o act_n of_o our_o mind_n and_o if_o every_o nature_n be_v real_o and_o essential_o different_a from_o another_o it_o must_v have_v a_o existence_n somewhere_o independent_a on_o our_o notion_n and_o conception_n it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o no_o such_o nature_n do_v real_o exist_v by_o itself_o but_o only_o in_o the_o several_a individual_n but_o that_o be_v not_o the_o present_a question_n where_o or_o how_o it_o exist_v but_o whether_o it_o depend_v only_o on_o our_o imagination_n or_o the_o act_n of_o our_o mind_n and_o if_o it_o do_v so_o then_o there_o can_v be_v no_o real_a and_o essential_a difference_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n and_o beast_n which_o i_o think_v none_o who_o have_v the_o understanding_n of_o a_o man_n can_v imagine_v but_o real_o exist_v nature_n he_o say_v be_v in_o such_o person_n as_o necessary_o suppose_v distinct_a substance_n as_o well_o as_o distinct_a property_n and_o if_o they_o exist_v only_o in_o a_o common_a nature_n as_o the_o humanity_n and_o have_v not_o also_o distinct_a substance_n they_o will_v never_o make_v distinct_a person_n i_o do_v allow_v that_o in_o create_v and_o dependent_a being_n there_o must_v be_v distinct_a substance_n to_o make_v distinct_a person_n but_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v give_v a_o account_n what_o that_o be_v which_o make_v distinct_a person_n '_o necessary_o to_o suppose_v distinct_a substance_n for_o the_o nature_n be_v one_o and_o indivisible_a in_o they_o all_o or_o else_o every_o individual_a must_v make_v a_o new_a species_n which_o be_v a_o absurdity_n i_o suppose_v he_o will_v not_o be_v fond_a of_o if_o there_o be_v then_o one_o and_o the_o same_o nature_n in_o the_o individual_n whence_o come_v the_o difference_n of_o substance_n to_o be_v so_o necessary_o suppose_v if_o it_o be_v from_o diversity_n dissimilitude_n dependence_n and_o separate_a existence_n as_o i_o assert_v than_o these_o reason_n can_v hold_v only_o in_o create_a being_n and_o where_o they_o can_v hold_v as_o in_o the_o divine_a nature_n why_o may_v there_o not_o be_v a_o distinction_n of_o person_n found_v on_o relative_a property_n without_o any_o distinction_n of_o substance_n which_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o perfect_a unity_n of_o the_o godhead_n what_o demonstrative_a reason_n nay_o what_o probable_a argument_n have_v he_o offer_v against_o this_o he_o take_v notice_n p._n 60._o of_o what_o i_o have_v say_v about_o the_o distinction_n of_o personality_n and_o person_n and_o that_o personality_n be_v original_o only_o a_o particular_a mode_n of_o subsistence_n and_o a_o person_n beside_o the_o relative_a property_n take_v in_o the_o divine_a nature_n together_o with_o it_o and_o what_o demonstration_n have_v we_o against_o this_o so_o far_o from_o it_o that_o he_o fall_v to_o tri_n again_o to_o keep_v his_o man_n of_o wit_n in_o good_a humour_n so_o much_o for_o madam_n personality_n now_o for_o sir_n person_n be_v this_o a_o decent_a way_n of_o write_v about_o these_o matter_n to_o begin_v with_o the_o talk_n of_o demonstrative_a reason_n and_o to_o end_v with_o burlesque_a and_o turn_v they_o into_o ridicule_n if_o this_o be_v a_o agreeable_a entertainment_n for_o his_o man_n of_o wit_n it_o show_v that_o they_o deserve_v that_o character_n as_o well_o as_o he_o do_v that_o of_o a_o demonstrator_n but_o this_o sportful_a gentleman_n have_v find_v something_o else_o to_o play_v with_o viz._n that_o my_o notion_n of_o three_o subsistence_n without_o three_o substance_n be_v real_o nothing_o but_o sabellianism_n but_o i_o have_v already_o say_v
the_o bishop_n of_o worcester_n answer_n to_o mr._n locke_n letter_n concern_v some_o passage_n relate_v to_o his_o essay_n of_o humane_a understanding_n mention_v in_o the_o late_a discourse_n in_o vindication_n of_o the_o trinity_n with_o a_o postscript_n in_o answer_n to_o some_o reflection_n make_v on_o that_o treatise_n in_o a_o late_a socinian_n pamphlet_n london_n print_v by_o i._n h._n for_o henry_n mortlock_n at_o the_o phoenix_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n 1697._o the_o bishop_n of_o worcester_n answer_n to_o mr._n locke_n letter_n etc._n etc._n sir_n i_o have_v serious_o consider_v the_o letter_n you_o be_v please_v to_o send_v i_o and_o i_o find_v it_o make_v up_o of_o two_o part_n a_o complaint_n of_o i_o and_o a_o vindication_n of_o yourself_o to_o both_o which_o i_o shall_v return_v as_o clear_v and_o distinct_a on_o answer_n and_o in_o as_o few_o word_n as_o the_o matter_n will_v permit_v 1._o as_o to_o the_o complaint_n of_o i_o it_o run_v quite_o through_o the_o book_n and_o even_o your_o postscript_n be_v full_a of_o it_o the_o substance_n of_o it_o be_v that_o in_o answer_v objection_n against_o the_o trinity_n in_o point_n of_o reason_n i_o produce_v several_a passage_n out_o of_o your_o essay_n of_o humane_a understanding_n as_o if_o they_o be_v intend_v by_o you_o to_o that_o purpose_n but_o you_o declare_v to_o the_o world_n p._n 150._o that_o it_o be_v write_v by_o you_o without_o any_o thought_n of_o the_o controversy_n between_o the_o trinitarian_n and_o unitarian_n and_o p._n 224._o that_o your_o notion_n about_o idea_n have_v no_o connexion_n with_o any_o objection_n that_o be_v make_v by_o other_o against_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o trinity_n or_o against_o mystery_n and_o therefore_o you_o complain_v of_o it_o as_o a_o injury_n do_v to_o you_o in_o impute_v that_o to_o you_o which_o you_o have_v not_o do_v p._n 95._o or_o at_o least_o in_o leave_v it_o so_o doubtful_a that_o the_o reader_n can_v distinguish_v who_o be_v mean_v p._n 96._o and_o this_o you_o call_v my_o peculiar_a way_n of_o write_v in_o this_o part_n of_o my_o treatise_n now_o to_o give_v you_o and_o other_o satisfaction_n as_o to_o this_o matter_n i_o shall_v first_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o occasion_n of_o it_o and_o then_o show_v what_o care_n i_o take_v to_o prevent_v misunderstand_a about_o it_o the_o occasion_n be_v this_o be_v to_o answer_v the_o objection_n in_o point_n of_o reason_n which_o have_v not_o be_v answer_v before_o the_o first_o i_o mention_v be_v that_o it_o be_v above_o reason_n and_o therefore_o not_o to_o be_v believe_v in_o answer_n to_o this_o i_o propose_v two_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v 1._o what_o we_o understand_v by_o reason_n 2._o what_o ground_n in_o reason_n there_o be_v to_o reject_v any_o doctrine_n above_o it_o when_o it_o be_v propose_v as_o a_o matter_n of_o faith_n as_o to_o the_o former_a i_o observe_v that_o the_o unitarian_n in_o their_o late_a pamphlet_n talk_v very_o much_o of_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n and_o perception_n and_o that_o the_o mystery_n of_o faith_n be_v repugnant_a to_o they_o but_o never_o go_v about_o to_o state_n the_o nature_n and_o bound_n of_o reason_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o those_o aught_o to_o have_v do_v who_o make_v it_o the_o rule_n and_o standard_n of_o what_o they_o be_v to_o believe_v but_o i_o add_v that_o a_o late_a author_n in_o a_o book_n call_v christianity_n not_o mysterious_a have_v take_v upon_o he_o to_o clear_v this_o matter_n who_o for_o that_o cause_n i_o be_v bind_v to_o consider_v the_o design_n of_o his_o discourse_n relate_v whole_o to_o matter_n of_o faith_n and_o not_o to_o philosophical_a speculation_n so_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o dispute_n about_o his_o application_n of_o those_o he_o call_v principle_n of_o reason_n and_o certainty_n when_o the_o mind_n make_v use_v of_o intermediate_v idea_n to_o discover_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o the_o idea_n receive_v into_o they_o this_o method_n of_o knowledge_n he_o say_v be_v proper_o call_v reason_n or_o demonstration_n the_o mind_n as_o he_o go_v on_o receive_v idea_n two_o way_n 1._o by_o intromission_n of_o the_o sense_n 2._o by_o consider_v its_o own_o operation_n and_o these_o simple_a and_o distinct_a idea_n be_v the_o sole_a matter_n and_o foundation_n of_o all_o our_o reason_v and_o so_o all_o our_o certainty_n be_v resolve_v into_o two_o thing_n either_o immediate_a perception_n which_o be_v self-evidence_n or_o the_o use_n of_o intermediate_v idea_n which_o discover_v the_o certainty_n of_o any_o thing_n dubious_a which_o be_v what_o he_o call_v reason_n now_o this_o i_o say_v do_v suppose_v that_o we_o must_v have_v clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n of_o whatever_o we_o pretend_v to_o any_o certainty_n of_o in_o our_o mind_n by_o reason_n and_o that_o the_o only_a way_n to_o attain_v this_o certainty_n be_v by_o compare_v these_o idea_n together_o which_o exclude_v all_o certainty_n of_o faith_n or_o reason_n where_o we_o can_v have_v such_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n from_o hence_o i_o proceed_v to_o show_v that_o we_o can_v not_o have_v such_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n as_o be_v necessary_a in_o the_o present_a debate_n either_o by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n and_o consequent_o we_o can_v not_o attain_v to_o any_o certainty_n about_o it_o for_o which_o i_o instance_a in_o the_o nature_n of_o substance_n and_o person_n and_o the_o distinction_n between_o they_o and_o by_o virtue_n of_o these_o principle_n i_o say_v that_o i_o do_v not_o wonder_n that_o the_o gentleman_n of_o this_o new_a way_n of_o reason_v have_v almost_o discard_v substance_n out_o of_o the_o reasonable_a part_n of_o the_o world_n which_o expression_n you_o tell_v i_o you_o do_v not_o understand_v but_o if_o you_o have_v please_v to_o have_v look_v back_o on_o the_o word_n just_o before_o a_o person_n of_o your_o sagacity_n can_v not_o have_v miss_v the_o mean_v i_o intend_v which_o be_v now_o this_o be_v the_o case_n of_o substance_n it_o be_v not_o intromit_v by_o the_o sense_n nor_o depend_v upon_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o can_v be_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o our_o reason_n but_o you_o say_v 6._o that_o if_o i_o mean_v that_o you_o deny_v or_o doubt_v that_o there_o be_v in_o the_o world_n any_o such_o thing_n as_o substance_n i_o shall_v acquit_v you_o of_o it_o if_o i_o look_v into_o some_o passage_n in_o your_o book_n which_o you_o refer_v to_o but_o this_o be_v not_o the_o point_n before_o we_o whether_o you_o do_v own_o substance_n or_o not_o but_o whether_o by_o virtue_n of_o these_o principle_n you_o can_v come_v to_o any_o certainty_n of_o reason_n about_o it_o and_o i_o say_v the_o very_a place_n you_o produce_v do_v prove_v the_o contrary_a which_o i_o shall_v therefore_o set_v down_o in_o your_o own_o word_n both_o as_o to_o corporeal_a and_o spiritual_a substance_n 7._o when_o we_o talk_v or_o think_v of_o any_o particular_a sort_n of_o corporeal_a substance_n as_o horse_n stone_n etc._n etc._n though_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o either_o of_o they_o be_v but_o the_o complication_n or_o collection_n of_o those_o several_a simple_a idea_n of_o sensible_a quality_n which_o we_o use_v to_o find_v unite_v in_o the_o thing_n call_v horse_n or_o stone_n yet_o because_o we_o can_v conceive_v how_o they_o shall_v subsist_v alone_o or_o one_o in_o another_o we_o suppose_v they_o exist_v in_o and_o support_v by_o some_o common_a subject_n which_o support_v we_o denote_v by_o the_o name_n substance_n though_o it_o be_v certain_a we_o have_v no_o clear_a or_o distinct_a idea_n of_o that_o thing_n we_o suppose_v a_o support_n the_o same_o happen_v concern_v operation_n of_o the_o mind_n viz._n think_v reason_v etc._n etc._n which_o we_o consider_v not_o to_o subsist_v of_o themselves_o nor_o apprehend_v how_o they_o can_v belong_v to_o body_n or_o be_v produce_v by_o it_o we_o be_v apt_a to_o think_v these_o the_o action_n of_o some_o other_o substance_n which_o we_o call_v spirit_n whereby_o yet_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o have_v no_o other_o notion_n or_o idea_n of_o matter_n but_o something_o wherein_o those_o many_o sensible_a quality_n which_o affect_v our_o sense_n do_v subsist_v by_o suppose_v a_o substance_n wherein_o think_v know_v doubt_v and_o a_o power_n of_o move_a etc._n etc._n do_v subsist_v 8._o we_o have_v as_o clear_v a_o notion_n of_o the_o nature_n or_o substance_n of_o spirit_n as_o we_o have_v of_o body_n the_o one_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v without_o know_v what_o it_o be_v the_o substratum_fw-la to_o those_o simple_a idea_n we_o have_v from_o without_o and_o the_o other_o suppose_v with_o a_o like_a ignorance_n of_o what_o it_o be_v to_o be_v the_o substratum_fw-la to_o those_o operation_n which_o we_o experiment_n in_o
particular_n you_o express_v it_o in_o 1._o that_o your_o mean_v be_v 25._o to_o signify_v all_o those_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o modes_n relation_n and_o specific_a substance_n which_o the_o mind_n form_n out_o of_o simple_a idea_n so_o that_o these_o idea_n be_v allow_v by_o you_o although_o they_o come_v not_o by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n but_o be_v not_o the_o notion_n of_o particular_a substance_n a_o complex_n idea_n because_o it_o be_v a_o complication_n of_o simple_a idea_n as_o will_v present_o appear_v from_o your_o own_o word_n but_o all_o simple_a idea_n come_v in_o by_o sensation_n and_o reflection_n but_o you_o may_v say_v the_o combination_n of_o they_o to_o make_v one_o idea_n be_v a_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o so_o this_o idea_n be_v not_o from_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n it_o seem_v then_o the_o mind_n have_v a_o power_n to_o form_v one_o complex_n idea_n out_o of_o many_o simple_a one_o and_o this_o make_v a_o true_a idea_n of_o a_o particular_a substance_n not_o come_v in_o by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n but_o i_o be_o still_o to_o seek_v how_o this_o come_v to_o make_v a_o idea_n of_o substance_n i_o understand_v it_o very_o well_o to_o be_v a_o complex_n idea_n of_o so_o many_o accident_n put_v together_o but_o i_o can_v understand_v how_o a_o complex_n idea_n of_o accident_n shall_v make_v a_o idea_n of_o substance_n and_o till_o you_o do_v this_o you_o be_v as_o far_o as_o ever_o from_o a_o true_a idea_n of_o substance_n notwithstanding_o your_o complex_n idea_n 2._o you_o never_o say_v that_o the_o general_a idea_n of_o substance_n come_v in_o by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n 38._o and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o expression_n that_o seem_v to_o assert_v it_o to_o be_v by_o a_o complication_n of_o simple_a idea_n and_o not_o by_o abstract_v and_o enlarge_n they_o because_o we_o accustom_v ourselves_o to_o suppose_v a_o substratum_fw-la 29._o it_o ought_v to_o be_v look_v on_o as_o a_o slip_n of_o the_o pen_n or_o a_o negligence_n of_o expression_n in_o which_o case_n i_o think_v no_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v severe_a but_o be_v there_o not_o too_o much_o occasion_n give_v for_o other_o to_o think_v that_o the_o idea_n of_o particular_a substance_n be_v only_o a_o complication_n of_o simple_a idea_n and_o because_o all_o simple_a idea_n do_v come_v in_o you_o say_v only_o by_o sensation_n and_o reflection_n therefore_o all_o the_o idea_n of_o particular_a substance_n which_o be_v but_o a_o complication_n of_o they_o must_v either_o come_v in_o those_o way_n or_o else_o we_o can_v have_v no_o true_a idea_n of_o particular_a substance_n at_o all_o so_o that_o there_o be_v two_o thing_n wherein_o you_o be_v very_o far_o from_o give_v satisfaction_n 32._o 1._o that_o although_o you_o say_v that_o the_o idea_n of_o substance_n in_o general_n be_v make_v by_o abstraction_n yet_o you_o add_v that_o all_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o particular_a distinct_a substance_n be_v nothing_o but_o several_a combination_n of_o simple_a idea_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o according_a to_o your_o repeat_v assertion_n we_o can_v have_v no_o idea_n of_o particular_a and_o distinct_a substance_n but_o what_o be_v make_v up_o of_o a_o complication_n of_o simple_a idea_n and_o although_o there_o may_v be_v some_o abstract_a notion_n or_o general_a idea_n of_o substance_n which_o be_v only_o a_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o real_a idea_n of_o any_o particular_a substance_n but_o what_o be_v a_o complication_n of_o simple_a idea_n and_o that_o a_o man_n have_v no_o other_o idea_n of_o any_o substance_n 6._o let_v it_o be_v gold_n or_o horse_n iron_n man_n vitriol_n bread_n but_o what_o he_o have_v bare_o of_o those_o sensible_a quality_n which_o he_o suppose_v to_o inhere_o with_o a_o supposition_n of_o such_o a_o substratum_fw-la as_o give_v as_o it_o be_v a_o support_n to_o those_o quality_n or_o simple_a idea_n which_o he_o have_v observe_v to_o exist_v unite_v together_o these_o be_v your_o own_o word_n and_o what_o can_v the_o meaning_n of_o they_o be_v but_o that_o we_o neither_o have_v nor_o can_v have_v any_o idea_n of_o a_o particular_a substance_n but_o only_o with_o respect_n to_o the_o simple_a idea_n which_o make_v it_o up_o and_o these_o be_v sensible_a quality_n there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o idea_n of_o substance_n but_o only_o a_o supposition_n of_o a_o substratum_fw-la to_o support_v accident_n 2._o that_o although_o the_o idea_n of_o substance_n 32._o be_v make_v doubtful_a by_o attribute_v it_o only_o to_o our_o accustom_v ourselves_o to_o suppose_v some_o substratum_fw-la yet_o the_o be_v of_o substance_n be_v not_o how_o be_v this_o possible_a be_v not_o the_o be_v doubtful_a if_o the_o idea_n be_v and_o all_o our_o certainty_n come_v in_o by_o idea_n no_o 33._o say_v you_o the_o be_v will_v not_o be_v shake_v if_o we_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o substance_n at_o all_o what!_o not_o as_o to_o our_o knowledge_n but_o you_o say_v there_o be_v many_o thing_n in_o nature_n of_o which_o we_o have_v no_o idea_n and_o can_v we_o have_v any_o certainty_n of_o reason_n as_o to_o those_o thing_n for_o about_o that_o our_o debate_n be_v viz._n what_o certainty_n we_o can_v have_v as_o to_o substance_n if_o we_o can_v have_v no_o idea_n of_o it_o so_o that_o the_o be_v of_o substance_n on_o these_o principle_n be_v far_o from_o be_v safe_a and_o secure_a as_o to_o we_o when_o we_o have_v so_o lame_a a_o account_n of_o the_o idea_n of_o it_o but_o you_o have_v yet_o a_o far_a distinction_n to_o bring_v off_o the_o idea_n of_o substance_n for_o you_o say_v 40._o 3._o that_o the_o idea_n of_o substance_n be_v a_o relative_n idea_n for_o the_o mind_n can_v frame_v to_o itself_o idea_n of_o relation_n and_o perceive_v that_o accident_n can_v subsist_v of_o themselves_o but_o have_v a_o necessary_a connexion_n with_o inherence_n or_o be_v support_v which_o be_v a_o relative_n idea_n it_o frame_v the_o correlative_a of_o a_o support_n which_o be_v substance_n and_o now_o i_o think_v we_o have_v all_o that_o be_v say_v in_o defence_n of_o the_o idea_n of_o substance_n viz._n that_o there_o be_v a_o complex_n abstract_v and_o relative_n idea_n of_o it_o which_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o simple_a idea_n get_v by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n but_o this_o relative_n abstract_a idea_n be_v confess_v to_o be_v a_o obscure_a indistinct_a vague_n idea_n of_o thing_n or_o something_o and_o be_v all_o that_o be_v leave_v to_o be_v the_o positive_a idea_n which_o have_v the_o relation_n of_o a_o support_n or_o substratum_fw-la to_o modes_n or_o accident_n and_o that_o what_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o particular_a and_o distinct_a substance_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o complication_n of_o simple_a idea_n with_o the_o supposition_n of_o a_o substratum_fw-la or_o support_v these_o be_v the_o concession_n and_o distinction_n you_o make_v in_o this_o matter_n i_o must_v now_o return_v to_o the_o occasion_n of_o this_o debate_n which_o be_v whether_o the_o ground_n of_o our_o certainty_n as_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o substance_n can_v be_v resolve_v into_o the_o simple_a idea_n we_o receive_v in_o by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n the_o question_n be_v not_o whether_o you_o doubt_v or_o deny_v any_o such_o be_v as_o substance_n in_o the_o world_n nor_o whether_o the_o notion_n you_o have_v of_o it_o be_v clear_a and_o distinct_a for_o you_o confess_v it_o be_v not_o but_o the_o point_n in_o debate_n be_v what_o certainty_n we_o can_v have_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o substance_n from_o the_o simple_a idea_n we_o have_v by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n and_o here_o the_o question_n be_v not_o whether_o the_o mind_n can_v form_v complex_n and_o abstract_v general_a idea_n from_o those_o simple_a idea_n but_o whether_o those_o simple_a idea_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o our_o knowledge_n and_o certainty_n as_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o substance_n 37._o for_o you_o affirm_v over_o and_o over_o if_o i_o may_v have_v leave_n to_o say_v so_o that_o the_o simple_a idea_n we_o have_v by_o sensation_n and_o reflection_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o our_o knowledge_n 8._o and_o yet_o that_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o particular_a distinct_a substance_n be_v nothing_o but_o several_a combination_n of_o simple_a idea_n of_o accident_n which_o be_v suppose_v i_o think_v it_o no_o hard_a matter_n to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o we_o can_v come_v to_o any_o certainty_n as_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o substance_n in_o this_o way_n of_o idea_n for_o 1._o the_o simple_a idea_n afford_v no_o ground_n of_o certainty_n any_o far_a than_o as_o to_o themselves_o outward_a object_n make_v a_o impression_n on_o our_o sense_n and_o all_o the_o certainty_n we_o have_v by_o they_o be_v that_o our_o sense_n be_v so_o and_o
particular_a substance_n a_o complication_n of_o many_o simple_a idea_n for_o if_o it_o be_v so_o how_o can_v a_o complication_n of_o simple_a idea_n which_o can_v subsist_v by_o themselves_o make_v the_o idea_n of_o a_o substance_n which_o do_v subsist_v by_o itself_o this_o look_v a_o little_a untoward_o in_o the_o way_n of_o knowledge_n and_o certainty_n but_o there_o be_v no_o help_n for_o it_o a_o substratum_fw-la must_v be_v suppose_v to_o support_v these_o unlucky_a accident_n let_v it_o be_v so_o then_o how_o come_v we_o to_o know_v that_o these_o accident_n be_v such_o feeble_a thing_n what_o simple_a idea_n inform_v you_o of_o it_o if_o none_o than_o it_o be_v to_o be_v hope_v there_o be_v some_o other_o way_n to_o attain_v knowledge_n and_o certainty_n in_o this_o matter_n no_o you_o tell_v i_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o any_o other_o way_n but_o this_o of_o idea_n how_o so_o your_o word_n be_v these_o 40._o the_o general_a indetermined_a idea_n of_o something_o be_v by_o the_o abstraction_n of_o the_o mind_n derive_v also_o from_o the_o simple_a idea_n of_o sensation_n and_o reflection_n but_o alas_o we_o be_v not_o upon_o the_o general_a indetermined_a idea_n of_o something_o but_o upon_o the_o particular_a idea_n of_o distinct_a substance_n which_o be_v grant_v not_o to_o be_v by_o abstraction_n but_o by_o a_o complication_n of_o simple_a idea_n so_o that_o this_o be_v quite_o off_o from_o the_o matter_n but_o as_o to_o your_o general_a abstract_a idea_n i_o have_v something_o far_a to_o say_v 4._o a_o general_a abstract_a idea_n of_o substance_n be_v no_o real_a substance_n nor_o a_o true_a idea_n of_o one_o if_o particular_a substance_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o complication_n of_o simple_a idea_n for_o you_o say_v 40._o that_o the_o mind_n by_o abstraction_n from_o the_o positive_a simple_a idea_n get_v by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n come_v to_o the_o general_a relative_n idea_n of_o substance_n if_o then_o the_o general_a idea_n be_v raise_v from_o the_o simple_a idea_n and_o those_o simple_a idea_n make_v that_o of_o particular_a and_o distinct_a substance_n only_o by_o complication_n than_o the_o general_a idea_n of_o substance_n can_v be_v nothing_o but_o a_o abstract_a complication_n of_o these_o simple_a idea_n or_o else_o it_o be_v not_o by_o abstraction_n from_o the_o simple_a idea_n but_o i_o do_v not_o deny_v that_o there_o be_v a_o general_a nature_n of_o substance_n which_o be_v as_o real_a as_o a_o general_a idea_n can_v be_v and_o it_o be_v that_o which_o make_v any_o particular_a substance_n be_v what_o it_o be_v in_o its_o own_o nature_n without_o respect_n to_o individual_a mode_n and_o property_n and_o although_o this_o general_a substance_n do_v not_o exist_v of_o itself_o yet_o it_o do_v real_o exist_v in_o the_o several_a individual_n that_o belong_v to_o its_o kind_n and_o the_o several_a kind_n of_o particular_a substance_n be_v real_o distinguish_v from_o each_o other_o not_o mere_o by_o simple_a idea_n of_o sensible_a quality_n but_o by_o their_o inward_a frame_n and_o constitution_n as_o the_o substance_n of_o a_o man_n be_v from_o that_o of_o a_o horse_n or_o a_o tree_n for_o it_o be_v ridiculous_a to_o imagine_v that_o these_o real_o differ_v from_o each_o other_o only_o as_o individual_n of_o the_o same_o sort_n under_o the_o general_a abstract_a idea_n of_o substance_n and_o if_o there_o be_v substance_n of_o several_a kind_n real_o different_a from_o each_o other_o a_o account_n must_v be_v give_v not_o only_o of_o the_o general_a notion_n of_o a_o substratum_fw-la for_o accident_n but_o of_o the_o specific_a nature_n of_o different_a substance_n and_o wherein_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o unknown_a support_n lie_v as_o to_o the_o mode_n and_o accident_n of_o their_o kind_n which_o i_o despair_v of_o ever_o see_v do_v by_o the_o simple_a idea_n of_o sensation_n and_o reflection_n and_o yourself_o confess_v that_o we_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o abstract_a substance_n 16._o and_o that_o by_o the_o complex_n idea_n of_o sensible_a quality_n we_o be_v as_o far_o from_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o body_n as_o if_o we_o know_v nothing_o at_o all_o and_o now_o i_o free_o leave_v the_o reader_n to_o judge_v whether_o this_o be_v a_o tolerable_a account_n of_o the_o idea_n of_o substance_n by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n and_o whether_o i_o deserve_v so_o much_o to_o be_v complain_v of_o for_o expose_v the_o unreasonableness_n of_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o our_o certainty_n and_o knowledge_n upon_o simple_a idea_n which_o we_o receive_v by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n but_o before_o i_o proceed_v further_o it_o will_v be_v proper_a here_o to_o take_v notice_n how_o you_o justify_v your_o idea_n of_o substance_n from_o the_o etymology_n of_o the_o word_n 43._o which_o say_v you_o be_v stand_v under_o or_o uphold_v i_o tell_v you_o very_o little_a weight_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v on_o a_o bare_a grammatical_a etymology_n when_o the_o word_n be_v otherwise_o use_v by_o the_o best_a author_n for_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o thing_n and_o i_o name_v cicero_n and_o quinctilian_n and_o the_o greek_a word_n import_v the_o same_o but_o still_o you_o say_v it_o be_v derive_v à _fw-la substando_fw-la and_o you_o tell_v we_o your_o opinion_n that_o if_o we_o know_v the_o original_a of_o word_n 44._o we_o shall_v be_v much_o help_v to_o the_o idea_n they_o be_v first_o apply_v to_o and_o make_v to_o stand_v for_o if_o you_o mean_v the_o true_a idea_n of_o they_o i_o must_v beg_v leave_n to_o differ_v in_o my_o opinion_n and_o my_o reason_n be_v this_o because_o word_n be_v use_v before_o man_n come_v to_o form_v philosophical_a notion_n or_o idea_n of_o thing_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v force_v to_o make_v use_n of_o word_n apply_v in_o another_o sense_n or_o else_o to_o coin_v word_n on_o purpose_n to_o express_v their_o own_o as_o cicero_n often_o do_v as_o quality_n evidence_n comprehension_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o if_o substare_v be_v use_v in_o another_o sense_n before_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v so_o when_o we_o inquire_v into_o the_o true_a idea_n of_o thing_n but_o one_o of_o the_o best_a critic_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n in_o our_o age_n have_v tell_v we_o that_o substantia_fw-la be_v so_o call_v sto._n quia_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la substat_fw-la and_o substare_v be_v use_v by_o terence_n not_o for_o stand_v under_o but_o for_o be_v steadfast_a metuo_fw-la ut_fw-la substet_fw-la hospes_fw-la but_o as_o to_o your_o general_a observation_n i_o think_v there_o be_v very_o few_o word_n use_v in_o the_o philosophical_a language_n of_o the_o roman_n but_o what_o be_v take_v off_o from_o the_o original_a sense_n they_o be_v apply_v to_o as_o persona_fw-la be_v first_o take_v for_o a_o man_n in_o masquerade_n genus_fw-la for_o a_o pedigree_n species_n for_o a_o sight_n from_o specio_fw-la to_o see_v virtus_n for_o manly_a courage_n and_o distinguish_v from_o probity_n sit_fw-la virtus_fw-la etiam_fw-la non_fw-la probitate_fw-la minor_fw-la ovid._n de_fw-fr pont._n l._n 3._o and_o so_o anima_fw-la be_v first_o take_v for_o the_o breath_n in_o the_o body_n as_o well_o as_o spiritus_fw-la thence_o varro_n say_v their_o ancestor_n although_o they_o eat_v leek_n and_o onion_n yet_o be_v be_v animati_fw-la have_v no_o ill_a breath_n and_o thence_o animam_fw-la agere_fw-la and_o efflare_fw-la say_v cicero_n and_o from_o anima_fw-la he_o say_v come_v animus_fw-la by_o which_o they_o understand_v the_o mind_n hinc_fw-la animus_fw-la ad_fw-la intelligentiam_fw-la tributus_fw-la say_v varro_n and_o many_o other_o of_o a_o like_a nature_n but_o i_o shall_v only_o add_v one_o more_o and_o that_o be_v the_o name_n of_o idea_n so_o very_o often_o use_v by_o yourself_o and_o other_o of_o late_a i_o wish_v we_o have_v be_v tell_v the_o original_a use_n of_o it_o and_o how_o it_o be_v first_o apply_v that_o we_o may_v better_o judge_v of_o the_o true_a 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reason_n distinct_a from_o it_o i_o mean_v the_o certainty_n from_o idea_n although_o it_o be_v not_o so_o clear_o express_v as_o it_o may_v have_v be_v but_o here_o i_o observe_v you_o call_v for_o the_o plural_a number_n which_o you_o be_v so_o offend_v with_o in_o other_o part_n of_o your_o letter_n the_o next_o thing_n i_o undertake_v to_o show_v be_v that_o we_o can_v have_v no_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n of_o nature_n and_o person_n from_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n here_o you_o spend_v many_o page_n to_o show_v that_o this_o do_v not_o concern_v you_o let_v it_o be_v so_o but_o it_o concern_v the_o matter_n i_o be_v upon_o which_o be_v to_o show_v that_o we_o must_v have_v idea_n of_o these_o thing_n which_o we_o can_v come_v to_o by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n my_o word_n be_v i_o grant_v that_o by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n we_o come_v to_o know_v the_o power_n and_o property_n of_o thing_n but_o our_o reason_n be_v satisfy_v that_o there_o must_v be_v something_o beyond_o these_o because_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o they_o shall_v subsist_v by_o themselves_o so_o that_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n proper_o belong_v to_o our_o reason_n and_o not_o to_o mere_a idea_n still_o you_o be_v at_o it_o 157._o that_o you_o can_v find_v no_o opposition_n between_o idea_n and_o reason_n but_o idea_n be_v the_o object_n of_o the_o understanding_n and_o understanding_n be_v one_o of_o the_o faculty_n employ_v about_o they_o no_o doubt_n of_o it_o but_o you_o may_v easy_o see_v that_o by_o reason_n i_o understand_v principle_n of_o reason_n allow_v by_o mankind_n which_o i_o think_v be_v very_o different_a from_o idea_n but_o i_o perceive_v reason_n in_o this_o sense_n be_v a_o thing_n you_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o or_o one_o as_o obscure_a as_o that_o of_o substance_n but_o if_o you_o set_v aside_o these_o common_a principle_n of_o reason_n your_o idea_n will_v signify_v very_o little_a and_o will_v like_o accident_n want_v a_o 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trinity_n for_o if_o these_o term_n real_o signify_v nothing_o in_o themselves_o but_o be_v only_o abstract_n and_o complex_n idea_n which_o the_o common_a use_n of_o language_n have_v appropriate_v to_o be_v the_o sign_n of_o two_o idea_n than_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o they_o be_v only_a notion_n of_o the_o mind_n as_o all_o abstract_a and_o complex_n idea_n be_v and_o so_o one_o nature_n and_o three_o person_n can_v be_v no_o more_o we_o must_v therefore_o examine_v what_o your_o notion_n be_v of_o abstract_a and_o complex_n idea_n and_o how_o it_o can_v be_v apply_v to_o nature_n and_o person_n and_o whether_o they_o be_v only_a sign_n of_o such_o idea_n as_o people_n have_v agree_v to_o signify_v by_o they_o to_o explain_v this_o i_o must_v give_v a_o account_n as_o well_o as_o i_o can_v from_o yourself_o how_o these_o abstract_a and_o complex_n idea_n come_v to_o be_v form_v in_o our_o mind_n and_o what_o be_v imply_v in_o they_o 5._o the_o understanding_n you_o say_v seem_v to_o 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