and wittingly keepes none truly and sincerely because He observes them not in as much as God commanded them to be kept for then He would be desirous to observe all alike or if he shew divers effects of love unto his neighbour these proceed not from the love of God for that would command all his Affections and every effect of love as well as One. He can expect no reward of God as the fruit of such love because it is not throughly rooted in the entire and sincere Love of God So that their Reasons who restrain this precept only to the second Table admit a double exception First It is not proved by them that This Precept is adaequate or only but aequivalent to that Love thy neighbour as thy self Secondly If it were yet the fulfiling of This might be Interpretativè the fulfilling of the Law seeing no man can love his neighbour but he must love God above all 3. It is as true again that no man can love God unless he love his brother also so saith St. John 1. Epist ch 4. ver 20. If any man say He loves God and hate his brother he is a lyar for how can he that loveth not his brother whom he hath seen love God whom he hath not seen So that our love to God must be the motive or incitement for us to love our neighbour and yet the same love of God must be perfected and made compleat in us by practising love for his sake upon our neighbours So saith St. John verse 11. If God so loved us we ought also to love one another no man hath seen God at any time As if he had said We cannot direct our love immediatly to God himself because He dwelleth in light that none can attain unto but our love must be bestowed upon our neighbours that is upon men in whom His Image shineth and loving them in Him and for His sake we love him more then them and this is it which S. John saith in the same place If we love one another God dwelleth in us and his love is perfect in us And in like sort when we do to men as we desire they should do unto us because this is a Duty acceptable to God and proceeds from the love we bear to him we do not only perform our duty towards men but also our duty towards God So that This Rule rightly practised is the whole Law and the Prophets and in effect equivalent to those Two Commandments Love God above all and thy neighbour as thy self as appears out of the former Collections But is more evident if we observe the Former Extent or exposition of it which was thus Whatsoever ye would should be done unto you either by God or man That do to all men as they are your fellow creatures for your Creators sake Or if we would further search out the exact Temper and constitution of mind whereat this precept aims it consists as I may so speak in Aequilibrio in the aequipoise of our desires of doing and receiving good whether the Good be to be directed immediately unto God or to our neighbours for his sake That is we should be as ready to glorifie Gods name both secretly with our hearts and by outward profession and practise of good Deeds as we are desirous to receive any blessing or benefit from him And thus it is evident that the exact performance of this Precept would be the exact fulfilling of the Law and Prophets that the performance of every part of this duty sincerely in some though not in perfect measure is in like sort the fulfilling of the Law Quoad perfectionem vel integritatem partium as the Schools say though not quoad perfectionem Graduum that is observing this Rule as it hath been expounded we shall observe every Commandment or part of the Law though none of them in that perfect and exact measure which we should but performing the former the Blood of Christ Jesus shall cleanse us from all our guilt of sin whereto we are liable if God should enter into judgment with us for not performing of the later Thus you have seen how this precept doth directly concern both the First and Second Table 4. Yet further That even that love and duty which we owe unto our neighbors doth Collaterally likewise respect every Preceept of the First Table for we are bound by this love we owe one to another every one according to his calling opportunity and ability to instruct another in the knowledge of every precept whether of the First or Second Table or any other part of the Law and to incite one another to the performance of the same and to dehort from their Breach or Transgression So saith the Lord Levit. 19. v. 17. Thou shalt not hate thy brother in thy heart but thou shalt plainly rebuke thy neighbor and suffer him not to sin not to transgress any of Gods Commandments whatsoever The sum of all is this The Law of Nature and the Law of God teach every man to know what is good for himself and thereupon to fix his desires and this Rule of Nature whose practise is here enjoyned by our Saviour binds every man to be as willing to further his Neighbor or Fellow-Creature in pursuit of any lawful good as he is desirous of the same himself whether these desires be of things pertaining to this life or to the hopes and means of obtaining the life to come Yet against this Precept it may be Objected That it may seem to establish the Pythagorean Retaliation which was such an error in Philosophy as the present error of the Anabaptists is in Religion Both of them tending to an Equalitie of all sorts of men So may this Rule seem at first sight to make all men Equal For if every man must do to others as he would be done unto Then most the Master perform the like duties to the servant as he expects from him so must the Prince unto his Subjects the Magistrate to such as are under him the Father to the Son c. There be some common Grounds which will serve to Answer other Objections which may be made As first What-ever ye would c. must be understood of a Regulated Will A Will not tainted with any inordinate self-love or sinful desires Secondly It must be interpreted with A Salvo to all Gods other Commandments They must stand as God has set them reconciled to one another and not be set at variance by our exorbitant willes or affections Thirdly It must not be extended to the dissolving of Order and disparagement of Dignities or Powers ordained by God But this Objection may have its proper Solution two wayes First The meaning of the Precept is not that we should do the self same to every man in every estate which we expect he should do to us living in that estate wherein we are For seeing there is an Inequality of Estates there must be also
Parents were It is true though that they through want of awful respect or reverence unto the divine Majestie were the Authors of sin and propagators of shame to their posteritie All of us are prone to think that they deserved ill not of God only but of us and yet the truth is that we lay a great deal more blame upon them then they deserved They indeed were the first yet not the greatest sinners Many of their posteritie in this qualitie go beyond them all of us imitate them too well in their sin but not in being ashamed when we sin 8. They had but one Commandement given by God and having transgressed that their Consciences did accuse them their very looks and gestures gave evidences against them We transgress all Gods Commandements and one and the same Commandement over and over God onely knows how often yet are not dejected are not confounded but bear out sail as if there were no danger Though every thing which God in his written Law hath prohibited is a branch of the forbidden tree He hath as peremptorily forbidden all To have any Gods but Him to worship any graven Image to take his Name in vain as he did our first Parents to taste of the Tree of good and evil Yet even such as would be held the only true Catholiques Worship Images and such again as would be accounted the pure Worshippers of God in truth and spirit worship their own Imaginations and transform the unchangeable nature of the Deitie into unfit similitudes Little Children amongst us are mightie Swearers and nothing more common in publique or private then to take Gods holy Name in vain to abuse it more grosly then the Jew or Heathen could who knew not God incarnate And all this they do without any sign of shame Women rail upon revile and curse one another in the open streets until their faces grow red indeed but with a redness which betokens no shame which bears no tincture of blush but rather of revenge and malice boyling in the heart or of heat in their tongue set on fire by Hell But these for the most part are of the meaner and baser sort Others there be as far transported with mis-guided Zeal from that modestie which becomes their Sex and this Zeal they offer up as strange fire unto God without blushing taking the Priests office upon them to be more then Teachers censurers of their Teachers swift to hear any doctrine that shall contradict the publique voice of the Church alwayes listening after the whisperings of such private Spirits as invert the Tenor of the Gospel no less then the old Serpent did the first Commandement which God gave unto mankind God had said unto them Gen. 3. ver 3. Ye shall not eat of the tree of the knowledge of Good and Evil neither shall ye touch it lest ye die But the Serpent whispers ver 4. 5. Ye shall not surely die For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof then your eyes shall be opened and ye shall be as Gods knowing good and evil A plausible Comment to her which was now giving the raines to her longing appetite As plausible a doctrine it is to many of her Daughters to meddle with the marks of Election and Reprobation secrets which God hath reserved unto himself Points full of great difficultie and greater danger and wherein such as have waded farthest have as I said before inverted the Tenor of the Gospel For it is the perpetual voice of the Gospel If thou believe thou shalt be saved if thou believest not thou canst not be saved The very sum and final resolution of the doctrine of Election as it is vulgarly taught is this If thou must be saved that is if thou be of the number of the Elect or predestinated thou shalt believe If thou be not of the number of the Elect thou canst not believe To listen after such whisperings as these the weaker Sex take from their Mother Eve but to be confident or presumptuous upon such misinterpretations or to be censurers of their Superiors this they learn not from their Mother Eve but from her false Teacher This is a prodigious disposition in Women whom the Apostle commands to learn in silence with all subjection but will not suffer them to teach or to usurp authoritie over the man 1 Tim. cap. 2. ver 12. This silence and modestie is injoyned them as a Pennance for their Mother Eves transgression Ver. 13 14. For Adam saith the Apostle was first formed then Eve And Adam was not deceived but the woman being deceived was in the transgression Notwithstanding she shall be saved 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by the promised Seed If they continue in faith and charitie and holinesse with Sobrietie These are the meanes to make their Election sure 9. All of us both men and women are too prone to imitate our first Parents in doing that which is evil and forbidden by the Law of God And seeing better cannot be expected it were well if we could as truly imitate them in being ashamed of the evil which we have done They no sooner knew that they were naked but they sought a covering for their nakedness of fig-leaves but this would not serve For when they heard the voice of the Lord God walking in the garden they hid themselves from his presence amongst the trees All of us have an experimental pledge of this which Moses relates concerning them in our selves unless we choke or stifle the instinct of corrupted nature by long custom or continuance in sin That our consciences do accuse us that the sight of men whom we know or suspect to be conscious of our mis-doings deject us both these argue that we must appear before a Judge even before that Judge from whose presence our first Parents hid themselves at whose appearance we shall be confounded if we come before him polluted with such blots and stains as our souls are ashamed sinful men such as our selves are should look upon For even that redness or blushing which appears in mens faces upon consciousness of their infirmities or misdeeds is but a mask which our souls do naturally put before them as being afraid lest others should see the stain or blemish of sin As our first Parents sought to hide themselves from God after they had transgressed his Commandements So Offenders hide themselves from his Deputies or Vicegerents on earth not only for fear of punishment but for shame And if we should give you the real or physical Definition of shame It is no other then the striving of Nature to hide the stain of our souls by sending out blood into the face or visage And men do but second this dictate of Nature when they put their hands or other covering before their faces So Disarius one of the Discoursers in Macrobius Saturn lib. 7. cap. 11. saith Natura pudore tacta sanguinem ante se pro velamento tendit Thus both corrupted nature and we our selves
Will as his love and zealous Observance of those commandments in whose practise he finds less difficultie increaseth his proneness to transgress the other from whose observance he is by nature or custom more averse will still decrease his Positive diligence or care to practise those duties which are not so contrary to his natural inclinations will alwayes in some proportion or other raise or quicken his weak desires or inclinations to observe those duties which he hath formerly more often and more grievously neglected or opposed 9. But some happily will here demand why our Saviour in this place of St. Matth. 25. 34. c. seeing all Good works are necessarie unto Salvation should instance only in works of one kind that is in works of Charitie towards others and not in works of Pietie and sanctitie as in fasting and praying It is an Excellent observation and so much the more to be esteemed by us in that it was made by Jansenius a learned Bishop not of Reformed but of the Romish Church that However fasting and other exercises of mortification be duties necessary in their time and place yet God is better pleased with us for relieving and comforting others in their affliction be it affliction of body or of soul then for afflicting our own souls and bodies And as for fasting One good Use of it is To learn by our voluntarie want of food truly to pitie and comfort others which want it against their wills we then truly fast or our fast is then truly religious when we fast not for thrift or sparing or for the health of body but that what we spare from our selves we may bestow not sparingly but cheerfully upon our needy brethren So the Prophet instructs us Esai 58. 5 6 7. Is it such a fast that I have chosen a day for a man to afflict his soul is it to bow down his head as a bul-rush and to spread sackcloth and ashes under him wilt thou call this a fast an acceptable day to the Lord Is not this the fast that I have chosen to loose the bands of wickedness to undo the heavy burdens and to let the oppressed go free and that ye break every yoke Is it not to deal thy bread to the hungry and that thou bring the poor that are cast out to thy house when thou seest the naked that thou cover him and that thou hide not thy self from thine own flesh Again Fasting is useful or expedient only at some certain times and seasons These duties here mentioned Mat. 25. 34. c. are at all times necessarie they are never out of season they are upon the respects last mentioned most seasonable when we Fast and yet in some sort more seasonable when we Feast For feasting of our selves or of the Rich being unmindful of the poor and needy is to bring a curse upon our selves and upon our plentie As we see it set forth in the parable of Lazarus and Dives See Pro. 22. 16. Luke 14. 13. St. Austine observes that the duty of praying continually is not literally meant of praying alwayes with our lips nor of multiplying set hours of Devotion but Omne opus bonum Every good work is a Real Prayer specially if we consecrate our selves to it by prayer The continuance of Good works begun and undertaken by prayer is a continuation of our prayers So that by Praying often and doing Good to others continually we may be said to observe or fulfill that precept Pray continually 10. As we cannot more truly imitate or express our Savior's disposition in more solid Characters then by the practise of these duties for he went about doing good healing all that were oppressed so are there no Duties which are so easie for all to imitate him in as these are None can plead exemption for want of means or opportunity to practise them For though some be so needy themselves that they cannot clothe the naked or feed the hungry yet may they visit the sick or resort to such as are in Prison As every one in some kinde or other may be the object of his neighbors charity so may every one be either Instrument or Agent in the doing thereof The rich may stand in need of visitation or of their Neighbors Prayers either for continuance or restauration of health and they cannot want other on whom to exercise their charity For as our Saviour saith Pauperes semper habebitis vobiscum You shall always have the poor amongst you And who knows whether the Lord in mercy hath not suffered the poor in these places to abound that the rich or men of competent means might have continual and daily occasion to practise these Duties here continually injoyned We of this place cannot want soil to sow unto the Lord For as the former Parable imports we shall not want occasion to put out the Talent wherewith God hath blest us to advantage So Solomon saith He that hath pity on the poor lendeth to the Lord and look what he layeth out it shall be payed him again Pro. 19. 17. What greater Incouragement can any man either give or require to the performance of this service then that which Our Lord and Master hath given to all which either truly love him or esteem of his love What can the Eloquence of man adde to this Invitation in this place What better Assurance could any man require then the solemn promise of so powerful and gracious a Lord Or what greater Reward or Blessing could any man expect to have assured unto him then that which our Savior here assures us Whatsoever we do to the poor and distressed he will interpret it as done to himself and really so reward it And with Reference to this Last Day of Final Retribution did the Psalmist say Psal 41. Blessed is the man that provideth for the sick and needy the Lord shall deliver him in time of trouble Sickness Death and Judgement are Critical days of Trouble But I know it will be Objected that The greatest part of the poor which dwell and sojourn amongst us are not such Little Ones as our Savior here speaks of that is not his Brethren Men or Children they be which for the most part draw near unto him with their lips when they hope to receive an Alms through his Name but are far from him in their hearts more ready at most times and upon no occasion to abuse his Name with fearful Oathes then to call upon it in Prayer in Reverence and Humility Would God the matter Objected were not too true However The truth of it doth not so much excuse the Contraction as it doth exact the Extension of your bowels of compassion towards them 11. Seeing for them also Christ shed his blood their ignorance of Christ and his goodness should move us all to a deeper touch of Pity and Compassion towards them then sight of their bodily distress of their want or calamity can affect us with And this
hearing the word Life The life of man is short And The Text of the Law wherein the precepts are contained is long The Commentaries of the Prophets and sacred Histories necessarie for the Exposition thereof are voluminous and large The true sence or meaning of either in some points not easie to be found out unless we be well instructed how to seek it so as what the Jesuite saith absolutely but falsly of all Scripture is Comparatively true of This advice of Solomons It is a plain and easie way a light of mans life after it be once well learned but it is hard to Learn without a good Guide to directs us Wherefore behold a greater then Solomon Christ Jesus himself directs us in One and that a very short Line unto that Point whereunto the large discourses both of The Law and the Prophets do as it were by the Circumference Lead us Whatsoever ye would that men should do unto you even so do ye unto them for this is the Law and the Prophets that is The Summe of the Law and the Prophets is contained in this short Rule 3. Because our Saviour gives it we may believe it that this is the best Epitome that ever was given of any so large a Work Or rather not an Epitome of the Law and the Prophets but the whole Substance or Essence of the Law and the Prophets Herein all their particular Admonitions are contained as Branches in their Root Out of the practise of this Principle or Precept all the Righteousness which the Law and the Prophets do teach will sooner spring and flourish much better then if we should turn over all the Learned Comments that have been written upon them without the practise of this Compendious Rule This Abridgement is a Document of His Art that could draw a Camel through the eye of a Needle that spake as never man spake Sure then if any place of Scripture besides those which contain the very Foundation of Christian Faith as Christs Incarnation Passion or Resurrection be more necessary to be learned then other then is this most necessary and most worthy the Practise Seeing all Doctrines of good Life of honest and upright Conversation are derived hence as particular Conclusions in Arts and Sciences from their Causes and Principles 4. For any Coherence of these words with any precedent or consequent we need not be sollicitous It sufficeth to know They are a principal part of our Saviours Sermon upon the Mount in which He delivered the true meaning of the Fundamental Parts of the Law purging the Text from the corrupt Glosses of the Scribes and Pharisees Every Sentence therein is a Maxim of Life and as it were an intire compleat Body of it self not a limb or member of any other particular Discourse Every full Sentence of it This Main Rule especially may be anatomized by it self without unripping any other adjoyning For which Reason some Learned have thought that St. Matthew was not curious to relate every sentence in that Rank and Order as it came from our Saviours Mouth but set them down as any one would do all the memorable good sentences he could call to mind of a good Discourse read or heard placing that perhaps first which was spoke last or that last which was spoke in the middest Yet if as in Description of Shires men usually annex some parts of the Bordering Countries any desire to have the Particular words or Speeches of our Saviour whereunto this Illative Therefore is to be referred he must look back unto the fifth Chapter of this Gospel verse 42. Give to him that asketh of thee and from him that would borrow turn thou not away For so St. Luke who is more observant of our Saviours method in this Sermon then St. Matthew in the sixth Chapter of his Gospel verse 30 31. Couples these two Sentences together which St. Matthew had set so farre asunder And immediately after the words of the Text he inferres by Arguments that Duty of loving our Enemies which he had set down the precept for before verse the 27. though St. Matthew place both Duty and Arguments immediately after the Sentence before cited viz. Give to him that asketh c. So that this Precept Whatsoever ye would that men should do unto you c. as is most probable came in between the matter of that 42 and 43 verse of that fifth Chapter And yet it might be repeated again in the latter end of that Sermon by our Saviour At least for some special Use or Reason placed there by St. Matthew because being the Foundation or Principle whence all other Duties of Good Life are derived it seems the Evangelist would intimate thus much unto us That of all our Saviours Sermon which contained the very Quintessence of the Law this was the sum And for this Reason he adds that Testimonie concerning the Excellencie of this Rule which St. Luke omits namely That in it is contained the Law and the Prophets 5. The Method which I purpose by Gods Assistance to observe is This. First To set down the Truth and Equitie of the Rule it self Whatsoever ye would that men c. with the Grounds or Motives to the practise thereof Secondly To shew in what sense or how farre the Observation of it is The Fulfilling of the Law and the Prophets Doctrine with such Exceptions as may be brought against it Thirdly Of the meanes and method of putting this Rule in practise It was A Saying of the Father of Physiicans Natura est Medica let Physicians do what they can Nature must effect the Cure The Physician may either strengthen Nature when it is Feeble or ease it from the oppression of Humors But Nature must work the Cure This is in proportion true for matters of Moralitie or Good Life Natura est optima Magistra All that the best Teachers can perform in natural or moral Knowledge is but to help or cherish those natural Notions or Seeds of Truth and Goodness which are ingrafted in our Souls Art doth not infuse or pour in but rather ripen and draw out that which lay hid before And it is the skill of every instructor to apply himself to every mans nature and to begin with such Truths as every one can easily assent unto as soon as he hears them albeit without help of a Teacher he could not have found them out himself And yet the more easily we assent to any Truth the lesse we perceive how we were moved thereto and the lesse we perceive it the more ready we are to imagin that we did more then half move our selves or that we could have found out that by our selves which we have learned of others Whereas in truth there is nothing more hard then to speak to the purpose and yet so in matters of Morality and Good Life as every man of ordinary capacitie shall think upon the hearing of it that he could have invented or said the like Ut sibi
ferratusque sones Ego divitis Aurum Harmoniae dotale geram It was a dishonour in her esteem to be disclaimed by an Imprecation for a Princes Daughter to adorn her head and neck with costly Jewels like a Bride whilest her Husband was clad in steel and yet so clad every hour in peril of life During the time of this his danger abroad she desires no greater train at home then would suffice to expel Melancholick fear And that artire doth please her best which best suted with her pensive heart most likely to move her Gods to Commiseration of her widdowhood For such costly ornaments as were now profferd she thought a fitter time would be to wear them when her Husband returned in peace with such rich spoiles from the enemies Court And in this Resolution well fitting her present estate she leaves them to the proud upstart insolent baggage whose longing desires after those unseasonable fooleries had inchanted the poor Prophet her husband to Countenance an Ominous unfortunate war the issue whereof was this that after most of the Noble Argives sent thither by the enemies sword the Prophet himself went quick down to hell This Conclusion you will say is false in the litteral sense or rather fained but I would to God the Fiction were not too true an Emblem of the most State-Prophets in later Ages Such as are here represented and no better are the usual fruits of untimely desires or discording appetites of parties united in strict bond of common dutie especially in men consecrated to publick ministerie Alwayes they are displeasing to God in nature preposterous hateful as death to civil and ingenuous minds 10. But herein the Poet as the Philosopher well observes exceeds the Historian for moral instructions He may paint men and women as they should be not as they are whereas the Historian must express them as he finds them Most Women indeed are not for their affections like this Poetical Picture of Argia Yet the Carriage of Portia as the ingenious Historian hath exprest it did farre exceed it When her Husband Brutus had disclosed that inward grief and perplexitie by his ill rest by night which he had purposely concealed from her in his waking thoughts she takes his Concealment as a disparagement to her birth and education and as a tacit impeachment of her honestie Brutus saith she I had Cato to my Father and was matched into thy family not as a whore to be thy Companion only at bed and bord but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to be as true a Consort of thy miseries as of thy welfare I had never cause to complain of thy usage no occasion to suspect thy loving affection towards me but what assurance canst thou have of my love to thee If I may not be permitted to sympathize with thee in thy secret greif nor bear a part in those anxieties whose communication might ease thy mind and much set forth my fidelitie I know well the imbecillity of our Sex we need no rack to wrest a secret from us 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 But know O Brutus that there is a secret vertue in good parentage ingenuous breeding and conversation for setling and strengthening the frame of our affections even where they are by nature brickle and unconstant And this is my portion in these Pre-eminences A woman I am by sex but Cato his Daughter and Brutus his Wife To give him a sure experiment answerable to these Protestations how ready she could be in all misfortunes to take grief and sorrow at as low a Note as for his life he could She had cast her self into a burning Feaver by a grievous wound of her own making before she vented the former complaint which she uttered 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the extremity of her Fit or pangs I may truly here apply that verse of old Ennius as the late extinguished Lamp of this University once out of this Lantern in another Case did Vos Juvenes shall I say nay verily Nos viri Patres Fratres animos gerimus muliebres Illaque Virgo viri Was this praeeminency that she was Cato's daughter and Brutus's wife of power sufficient to arm her female heart with man-like resolution and true heroical constancy to bear the yoke of all misfortunes with her Conjugal Mate and is it no Praerogative in Christian men before a Heathen woman that they have God for their father and holy Church for their mother Christ Jesus supream Governour of the world the Lord of life and Conquerour of Death and Hell for their Brother Is Baptisme into his death but a naked name that our professed unitie therein cannot unite our hearts in like affections Is the effusion of Gods spirit but as the sprinkling of Court Holy-water are our dayly Sermons but as so many Bevers of wind whose efficacy vanisheth with the breath that uttereth them or hath the frequent participation of Christ precious body blood no better operation on our harts then the exhalation of sweet odours upon our brains Be they no longer comfortable then whilst they be in taking Are all those glorious similitudes of one head and many members of one Vine and many branches but Hyperbolical Metaphors Is our mystical union only a meer Mathematical imagination are those or the like Praerogatives of our calling but like the Soloecisms of the Romish Church matters of meer title or ceremony without realitie Beloved in Christ if either we actually were or heartily desired or truly meant to be true branches of that Coelestial Vine were it possible the strongest boughes thereof should be so often shaken with dangerous blasts of temptations and we no whit therewith moved could so many flourishing Boughes dayly fade and we hope that our Luxuriant branches should always flourish should their goodly leaves hourly fall and we live still as if we never looked for any winter or should God so often threaten to pluck up the vineyard which his own right hand hath planted and yet the dressers of it still seek after great things for themselves as if they never dreamt of dispossession would the most of us either seek to raise our selves as high as the highest room in the Lords house or make it a chief part of our care how to forecast mispense of time in merriment gameing or other worldly pleasures or contentments whilst sundry of our poor brethren and fellow Prophets perhaps in worth our betters die of discontent whilst others younger run mad after riot abroad least they should be attached by sorrow and grief at home whilst other begin to expect a change and entertain a liking of Romish Proffers Others which have ever hated Rome more then death begin to loath their lives and set their longing on the Grave desirous to give their bodies to be devoured by that earth which hath not ministered necessary sustenance to them as being overcharged with maintaining the unnecessary desires and superfluous pleasures of worse deservers Or would so many were they
in men of years and discretion Though with some abatement or allowance it holds in such as are converted to Christ upon their death beds These must apprehend Gods mercies in Christ resolve to do Good Works and leave testimonie of sorrow for their past negligence in doing Good Works For in such as are endued with knowledge of Christ and are enlightned to see their miserable estate by nature the self same Faith which apprehends Gods mercies in Christ cannot be idle it will be working that which is Good and acceptable in the sight of God In vain it it shall be for them to sue for mercie at Gods hands through the Merits of Christ unless for love to Christ whose Merits for them and Goodness towards them Faith apprehends they be ready to do the works which he hath commended unto them For as you heard before not every one that saith unto him Lord Lord shall enter into the Kingdom of Heaven but he that doth the will of his Father which is in Heaven and his Fathers Will is that we do those things which he here commands But another special Branch of the same Will is That when we have done all this we faithfully acknowledge our selves to be unprofitable servants This our Plea for mercie as men altogether unworthy for our best Works sake to be partaker of Gods Goodness or of everlasting bliss is that justification which St. Paul so much insists upon in most of his Epistles and unto This Justification that is to our good success in making this Plea Good works are necessary and usually Precedent or as it is usually taught by Good writers Good works are necessary quoad presentiam to justification non quoad efficientiam Their presence is necessarie to Justification their Efficacy or efficiencie is not necessary for as you have heard before and shall afterwards Chap. 31. hear meritorious efficiencie they have none 7. But let us ever remember as I often put the Reader in mind when it is said VVe must renounce all our works in the Plea of Iustification or suite of Pardon for our sins This must be understood Of those good Works which we have done not of those which we have left undone For these are not ours These the Hypocrites and unbeleevers will be ready to renonnce He alone truly renounceth his Works that doth Good Works and yet when he hath done them puts no trust or confidence in them and seeks not to improve them so far as to make them meritorious but wholly relies upon Gods mercies in Christ appealing from the Law unto the Gospel Nor is it every sort of Relyance upon Gods mercies in Christ but A faithful and stedfast relyance that can avail and no man can faithfully rely upon Christs merits but he that is faithful in doing his Fathers VVill. 8. But is this Necessitie of good Works to be equally extended to all sorts of Good works So saith Saint James Chap. 2. 10 11. VVhosoever shall keep the whole Law and yet offend in one point he is guiltie of all for he that said do not commit adulterie said also do not kill Now if thou commit no adulterie yet if thou kill thou art become a transgressor of the Law His meaning is That albeit we are diligent in many points of Gods service yet if we wittingly dispense with our souls in other parts of it this is an Argument that we Truly and faithfully observe no part For if we did observe Any part of his Commandments out of Faith or sincere obedience to Gods Will we would observe as much as in us lies every branch of his Will revealed For as true Faith will not admit 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Respects of Persons which was the fault in the beginning of that Chapter taxed by St. Iames and gave occasion to the Maxim or principle in the words last cited so doth it exclude all 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Partialitie to Gods Commandments or branches of His Will revealed If we love and prize one we must love and value all We may not love and respect One and neglect another This is the true intent and meaning of the Apostle which some to the wounding of their brethrens weak consciences have extended too far who say expresly or at least are so defective in expressing themselves as they occasion others to think That if a man either positively or more grievously transgress in breach of Gods Negative Precepts or often fail in performance of some Positive Duties commanded by him it is all one as if he had transgressed all Gods Commandments This is more then can be gathered from St. James in this place or from any other part of Gods word which only condemnes Partialitie to Gods Commandments Now a man may trespass oftner and more grievously against some one or more of Gods commandments whether Negative or Affirmative then he doth against others and yet do all this not out of any passionate affected Partialitie towards Gods Commandments or for want of uniformitie in his Faith or Affections towards Christ but only out of the Inequalitie of his own natural or acquired inclinations to some peculiar sins or vices in respect of others Some men as well before Regeneration or knowledge of Christ as after may be naturally or out of custome more prone to wantonness then unto covetousness Others again by natural disposition or bad custome may be more prone to covetousness to ambition or unadvised anger then unto wantonness Others again by bad education may be more prone to rash oathes or causless swearing then to any the former vices One sort after their regeneration or after they come to make Conscience of their wayes may offend more often and more grievously against the third Commandment then against the sixth or seventh Another sort may offend more grievously against the sixth Commandment Thou shalt not kill then against the seventh Thou shalt not commit adulterie A third sort such as are by natural disposition or custom given to wantonness may offend more grievously against the seventh Commandment then against the sixth A fourth sort more pecularly prone to covetousness or ambition may offend more grievously and more often against the last Commandment Thou shalt not covet then against any of the former And yet none of them fall under that censure of Saint James Whosoever shall keep the whole Law and yet offend in one point he is guiltie of all For they may all respectively offend in some one part or few points not out of any Partialitie to Gods Law or Commandments but out of the Inequalitie of their particular or peculiar dispositions to observe them Their desires or endeavours to observe those duties which they more neglect may perhaps be Greater then their desires or endeavours to observe those wherein they are less defective However this may fall out Yet this Rule is certain that Whosoever truly observes any or more of Gods Commandments out of Faith and sincere obedience to his