Selected quad for the lemma: nature_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
nature_n	cold_a	hot_a	moist_a	5,424	5	10.2024	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A87472	The touchstone, or, Trial of tobacco whether it be good for all constitutions : with a word of advice against immoderate drinking and smoaking : likewise examples of some that have drunk their lives away, and died suddenly : with King Jame's [sic] opinion of tobacco, and how it came first into England : also the first original of coffee : to which is added, witty poems about tobacco and coffe [sic] : something about tobacco, written by George Withers, the late famous poet ...; Two broad-sides against tobacco.	Hancock, John, fl. 1638-1675.; Hancock, John, fl. 1669-1705.; James I, King of England, 1566-1625. Counterblaste to tobacco. 1676.; Maynwaringe, Everard, 1628-1699?; Thomson, George, fl. 1648-1679. Aimatiasis. Selections. 1676.; Ward, Samuel, 1577-1640. Woe to drunkards. 1676.; Sylvester, Josuah, 1563-1618. Tobacco battered, and the pipes shattered. 1676.; Everard, Giles. De herba panacea. English. Selections. 1676.; Wither, George, 1588-1667.	1676 (1676)	Wing J144A; ESTC R42598	56,406	78

too mean for a King to interpose his Authority or bend his Eye upon yet are they Corruptions as well as the greatest of them So is an Ant an Animal as well as an Elephant so is a Wren Avis as well as a Swan and so is a small dint of the Tooth-ach a Disease as well as the fearful Plague is But for these base sorts of Corruption in Common-wealths not only the King or any inferiour Magistrate but Quilibet ê populo may serve to be a Physician by discovering and impugning the error and by perswading reformation thereof And surely in my Opinion there cannot be a more base and yet hurtful Corruption in a Country then is the vile use or rather abuse of taking Tobacco in this Kingdome which hath moved me shortly to discover the abuses in this following little Pamphlet If any think it a light Argument so it is but a Toy that is bestowed upon it And since the Subject is but of Smoke I think the sume of an idle Brain may serve for a sufficient battery against so fumous a feblean Enemy If my grounds be found true it is all I look for but if they carry the force of perswasion with them it is all I can wish and more then I can expect My only care is my dear Country-men may rightly conceive even by this smallest trifle of the sincerity of my meaning in greater matters never to spare any pains that may tend to the procuring of your Weale and Prosperity A COUNTERBLAST TO TOBACCO THat the manifold abuses of this vile custome of Tobacco-taking may the better be espied It is fit That first you enter into Consideration both of the first Original thereof and likewise of the Reasons of the first entry thereof into this Countrey for certainly as such Customs that have their first Institution either from a godly necessary or honourable ground and are first brought in by the means of some worthy vertuous and great Personage are ever and most justly holden in great and reverent estimation and account by all wise vertuous and temperate Spirits So should it by the contrary justly bring a great Disgrace into that sort of Customs which having their Original from base Corruption and Barbarity do in like sort make their first entry into a Country by an inconsiderate and childish affectation of Novelty as is the true case of the first Invention of Tobacco-taking and of the first entry thereof amongst us For Tobacco being a common Herb which though under divers Names grows almost every where was first found out by some of the Barbarous Indians to be a Preservative or Antidote against the Pox a filthy Disease whereunto these Barbarous People are as all men know very much subject what through the uncleanly and adust constitution of their Bodies and what through the intemperate heat of their Climate So that as from them was first brought into Christendome that most detestable Disease So from the likewise was brought this use of Tobacco as a stinking and unsavory Antidote for so corrupted and execrable a Malady the stinking suffumigation whereof they yet use against that Disease making so one Canker or Vermine to eat out another And now good Country-men let us I pray you consider what Honour or Policy can move us to imitate the barbarous and beastly Manners of the wild godless and slavish Indians especially in so vile and stinking a Custome Shall we that disdain to imitate the Manners of our Neighbour France having the stile of the great Christian Kingdome and that cannot endure the Spirit of the Spaniards their King being now comparable in largeness of Dominions to the greatest Emperour of Turky Shall we I say that have been so long civil and wealthy in Peace famous and invincible in War fortunate in both We that have been ever able to Aid any of our Neighbours but never deafed any of their Ears with any of our Supplications for assistance Shall we I say without blushing abase our selves so far as to imitate these beastly Indians Slaves to the Spaniards Refuse to the World and as yet Aliens from the holy Covenant of God Why do we not as well imitate them in walking naked as they do in preferring Glasses Feathers and such toys to Gold and precious Stones as they do Yea why do we not deny God and adore the Devil as they do Now to the corrupted baseness of the first use of this Tobacco doth very well agree the foolish and groundless first Entry thereof into this Kingdom It is not long since the first entry of this abuse amongst us here as this present Age cannot yet very well remember both the first Author and the form of the first Introduction of it against us It was neither brought in by King great Conqueror nor learned Doctor of Physick With the Report of a great Discovery for a Conquest some two or three Savage men were brought in together with this Savage Custome But the pity is the poor wild barbarous men died but that vile barbarous Custome is yet alive yea in fresh vigour so as it seems a miracle to me how a Custome springing from so vile a Ground and brought in by a Father so generally hated should be welcomed upon so slender a warrant For if they that first put it in practice here had remembred for what respect it was used by them from whence it came I am sure they would have been loath to have taken so far the Imputation of that Disease upon them as they did by using the Cure thereof for Sanis non est opus medice and Counter-Poysons are never used but where Poyson is thought to proceed But since it is true that divers Customs slightly grounded and with no better warrant entred in a Common-wealth may yet in the use of them thereafter prove both necessary and profitable it is therefore next to be examined if there be not a ful sympathy and true proportion between the base ground and foolish entry and the loathsome and hurtful use of this stinking Antidote I am now therefore heartily to pray you to consider first upon what false and erroneous grounds you have first built the general good liking thereof and next what Sins towards God and foolish Vanities before the World you commit in the detestable use of it As for those deceitful grounds that have specially moved you to take a good and great conceit thereof I shall content my self to examine here onely four of the Principals of them two founded upon the Theorick of a deceivable appearance of Reason and two of them upon the mistaken practick of general Experience First It is thought by you a sure Aphorisme in the Physick That the brains of all men being naturally cold and wet all dry and hot things should be good for them of which nature this stinking suffumigation is and therefore of good use to them Of this Argument both the Proposition and Assumption are false and so the Conclusion cannot but

be void of it self For as to the Proposition That because the Brains are cold and moist therefore things that are hot and dry are best for them it is an inept Consequence For man being compounded of the four Complexions whose Fathers are the four Elements although there be a mixture of them all in all the parts of his body yet must the divers parts of our Microcosme or little World within our selves be diversly more inclined some to one some to another Complexion according to the diversity of their uses that of these Discords a perfect Harmony may be made up for the maintenance of the whole Body The application then of a thing of a contrary nature to any of these parts is to interrupt them of their due function and by consequence hurtful to the health of the whole Body as if a man because the Liver is as the fountain of Bloud and as it were an Oven to the Stomach would therefore apply and wear close upon his Liver and Stomach a Cake of Lead he might within a very short time I hope be sustained very good cheap at an Ordinary besides the clearing of his Conscience from that deadly fin of Gluttony And as if because the Heart is full of vital Spirits and in perpetual motion a man would therefore lay a heavy pound stone on his Breast for staying and holding down that wanton Palpitation I doubt not but his Breast would be more bruised with the weight thereof then the Heart would be comforted with such a disagreeable and contrarious Cure And even so is it with the Brains for if a man because the Brains are cold and humide would therefore use inwardly by smells or outwardly by application things of hot and dry quality all the gain that he could make thereof would onely be to put himself in great forwardness for running mad by over-watching himself the coldness and moisture of our Brains being the onely ordinary means that procure our Sleep and Rest Indeed I do not deny that when it falls out that any of these or any part of our Body grows to be distempered and to tend to an extremity beyond the compass of Natures temperate mixture that in that case Cures of contrary qualities to the Intemperate inclination of that part being wisely prepared and discreetly ministred may be both necessary and helpful for strengthening and assisting Nature in the expulsion of her Enemies for this is the true definition of all profitable Physick But first These Cures ought not to be used but where there is need of them the contrary whereof is daily practiced in this general use of Tobacco by all sorts and Complexions of people And next I deny the minor of this Argument as I have already said in regard that this Tobacco is not simply of a dry and hot quality but rather hath a certain venomous faculty joyned with the heat thereof which makes it have an Antipathy against Nature as by the hateful smell thereof doth well appear for the Nose being the proper Organ and Convoy of the sence of smelling to the Brains which are the onely fountain of that sence doth ever serve us for an infallible witness whether that Odour which we smell be healthful or hurtful to the Brain except when it falls out that the sence it self is corrupted and abused through some infirmity and distemper in the Brain And that the suffumigation thereof cannot have a drying quality it needs no further probation then that it is a smoke all smoke and vapour being of it self Humide as drawing near to the nature of the Air and easie to be resolved again into water whereof there needs no other proof but the meteors which being bred of nothing else but of the vapors and exhalations sucked up by the Sun out of the Earth the Sea and Waters yet are the same smoky vapors turned and transformed into Rains Snows Dews Hoar-Frosts and such like watry meteors as by the contrary the rainy Clouds are often transformed and evaporated in blustering Winds The second Argument grounded on a shew of Reason is That this filthy Smoke as well through the heat and strength thereof as by a natural force and quality is able and fit to purge both the Head and Stomach of Rheumes and Distillations as experience teacheth by the spitting and avoiding Flegm immediately after the taking of it But the fallacy of this Argument may easily appear by my late proceeding Description of the meteors for even as the smoky vapours sucked by the Sun and stayed in the lowest and cold Region of the Air are there contracted into Clouds and turned into Rain and such other watry meteors So this stinking Smoke being sucked up by the Nose and imprisoned in the cold and moist Brains is by their cold and wet faculty turned and cast forth again in watry Distillations and so are you made free and purged of nothing but that wherewith you wilfully burdened your selves and therefore are you no wiser in taking Tobacco for purging you of Distillations then if for preventing the Cholick you would take all kind of windy Meats and Drinks and for preventing of the Stone you would take all kind of Meats and Drinks that would breed gravel in the Kidneys and then when you were forced to avoid much wind out of your Stomach and much gravel in your Urine that you should attribute the thank thereof to such nourishments as breed those within you that behoved either to be expelled by the force of Nature or you to have burst at the broad side as the Proverb is As for the other two Reasons founded upon Experience The first of which is That the whole people would not have taken so general a good liking thereof if they had not by experience found it very soveraign and good for them For answer thereunto How easily the minds of any people wherewith God hath replenished this World may be drawn to the foolish affectation of any Novelty I leave it to the discreet Judgment of any man that is reasonable Do we not daily see that a man can no sooner bring over from beyond the Seas any new form of Apparel but that he cannot be thought a man of Spirit that would not presently imitate the same and so from hand to hand it spreads till it be practised by all not for any commodity that is in it but only because it is come to be the Fashion for such is the force of that natural self-love in every one of us and such is the corruption of envy bred in the Breast of every one as we cannot be content unless we imitate every thing that our Fellows do and so prove our selves capable of every thing whereof they are capable like Apes counterfeiting the Manners of others to our own destruction For let one or two of the greatest Masters of Mathematicks in any of the two famous Universities but constantly affirm any clear day that they see some strange Apparition in the Skies They

procuring causes and yet Tobacco notwithstanding may be one great procurer in other persons The Scurvy does not require all the procuring causes to concur in its production but sometimes one and sometimes another is able to do it and although you take no Tobacco yet perhaps your Parents did or theirs and it is sufficient to make you fare the worse bad customes and abusive living extends farther then the person so offending it is transmitted to their Off-spring as in another Work I have noted in these words But yet the Crime were less if onely to themselves the prejudice did extend but also to Posterity their Diseases are propagated the Children having impressed upon them and radicated in the principals of their nature the seminal power and productive vertue of inordinate and intemperate living of their Genitors and Progenitors that the Children may bear witness to the following Age the vice and folly of their Parents and Predecessors recorded and characterised in them c. Hereby you may understand that evil customes as of smoking Tobacco do not injure onely the person doing so but the Generation after them are prejudiced And here by the way we may take notice of the many Rickity Children in this latter Age since the use of Tobacco which Disease was not known before the frequent use of it Tobacco does enervate and debilitate the faculties that we may rationally expect the Children from this Generation to be Scorbutick Rickity and more feeble then formerly Amurath the Fourth of that Name Grand Seignior of the Turkish Empire put forth his Edict againgst the smoking of Tobacco and made it a Capital Crime for any that should so use it the Reason of this severe Prohibition was that it did render his People infertile I shall not urge the inconvenience of Tobacco so far but this I may assext that it causeth an infirm Generation by debilitating the Parents and rendering them Scorbutick which Impressions are carried in semine to their Children and makes a diseased Issue And I observed in Virginia being some time in that Colony that the Planters who had lived long there being great Smokers were of a withered decayed Countenance and very Scorbutick being exhausted by this imoderate fume nor are they long-lived but do shorten their dayes by the intemperate use of Tobacco and Brandy King James that learned Philosophical Prince of this Nation wisely considering the nature of this Plant and having a good Stoxastick Head to foresee the inconveniencies that would arise to his People by the ill custome of smoking it he being the great Physcian of the Body Politick does excellently dehort his Subjects being tender of their future welfare from this noxious fume and writes an Invective against it whose Oratory and solid Arguments were enough to have broken the neck of this Custome had they any regard to his kindness or sense of their own good and of their Posterity I might have enlarged my self upon this Subject and run over most Scorbutick symptomes shewing how they are either first procured or aggravated by this fume But from what hath been said already it plainly appears that Tobacco is a great procurer and promoter of the Scurvy in as much as many Scorbutick symptomes are the proper effects of smoking Tobacco as lassitude dulness somnolency spitting ill tast in the mouth c. And although some few persons either by the strength of nature do strongly resist the bad impressions it sets upon several parts of the Body or by the peculiarity of nature is less offensive and hurtful to some or brings some particular benefit amongst its many ill properties that makes it seemingly good yet insensibly and by time it damageth all and those few good effects in some few persons are not of validity to give it a general approbation and use and free it from the censure of a great procurer of the Scurvy but may be justly reckoned in that Catalogue Preservation of Health in the choice of Drinks and Regular Drinking DRink for necessity not for bad fellowship especially soon after meat which hinders the due fermentation of the Stomach and washeth down before digestion be finished but after the first concoction if you have a hot Stomach a dry or costive Body you may drink more freely then others or if thirst importunes you at any time to satisfie with a moderate draught is better then to forbear Accustom youth and strong Stomachs to small drink but stronger drink and Wine to the infirm and aged it chears the Spirits quickens the Appetite and helps Digestion moderately taken but being used in excess disturbs the course of Nature and procures many Diseases for corpulent gross and fat Bodies thin hungry abstersive penetrating Wines are best as White-Wine Rhenish and such like For lean thin Bodies black red and yellow Wines sweet full bodied and fragrant are more fit and agreeable as Malaga Muscadel Tent Alicant and such like For Drink whether it be wholsomer warmed than cold is much controverted some stifly contending for the one and some for the other I shall rather chuse the middle way with limitation and distinction then impose it upon all as a rule to be observed under the penalty of forfeiting their health the observations of the one or the other There are three sorts of persons one cannot drink cold Beer the other cannot drink warm the third either You that cannot drink cold Beer to you it is hurtful cools the Stomach and checks it much therefore keep to warm drink as a wholsome custome you that cannot drink warm Beer that is find no refreshment nor thirst satified by it you may drink it cold nor is it injurious to you you that are indifferent and can drink either drink yours cold or warmed as the company does since your Stomach makes no choice That warm drink is no bad custom but agreeable to Nature in the generality First Because it comes the nearest to the natural temper of the Body and similia similibus conservantur every thing is preserved by its like and destroyed by its contrary Secondly Though I do not hold it the principal Agent in digestion yet it does excite is auxiliary and a necessary concomitant of a good digestion ut signum causa Thirdly Omne frigus per se proviribus destruit Cold in its own nature and according to the graduation of its power extinguisheth natural heat and is destructive but per accidens and as it is in gradu remisso it may contemperate allay and refresh where heat abounds and is exalted Therefore as there is variety of Palates and Stomachs liking and agreeing best with such kind of Meats and Drinks which to others are utterly disgustful disagreeing and injurious though good in themselves so is it in Drink warmed or cold what one finds a benefit in the other receives a prejudice at least does not find that satisfaction and refreshment under such a qualification because of the various natures particular