Selected quad for the lemma: nature_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
nature_n	cold_a	hot_a	moist_a	5,424	5	10.2024	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A50152	XCIX canons, or rules learnedly describing an excellent method for practitioners in physick / written by Dr. J. Macallo [sic], physitian in ordinary, first to Rodolphus, late Emperor of Germany, and after his death, physitian in like manner to K. James.	Macollo, John, 1576?-1622.; Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor, 1552-1612.; James I, King of England, 1566-1625.	1659 (1659)	Wing M113B; ESTC R43414	28,981	122

cannot be but in a long space by reason of the weakness of their natural heat yea the greatest part of sickness that doth arrive to old people conveys them to their graves Canon 5. The Spring is very wholsome and no wayes mortal when it keeps temperature but in Harvest diseases are very strong and deadly for the most part First because cold and dry are diametrically opposite to life which consisteth in heat and moisture for those humors hinder the generation of blood whereof the body is made and nourished Secondly because it receives from the Summer proceedings from the body languishing and weary Thirdly because it suppresseth within the body the superfluous humours melted by the heat of the Summer which come forth to the skin to the end they may go forth Fourthly because about the twelfth hour it openeth the pores of the body by the heat incontinently after becoming cold it ariseth within the body as an enemy to extinguish by its malign quality the natural heat already feeble and languishing moreover it gathers store of crudities within the body which do choak the natural heat and that especially by the use of fruits which it produceth The Summer hastens sicknesses but the Winter doth retard them because in the Summer the pores being open the evil humours of the body being melted by the heat of the air are suddenly dissipated but in winter they being closed by the cold are retained within Canon 6. Amongst constitutions of the Seasons the dry is most wholsom and not deadly as the rainy for it gathers no Excrements and better resists to putrefaction The humid on the contrary causeth many superfluities from whence are the generation of diseases When the seasons are constant keeping the temperature ordinary so that all things do naturally fall out in them the diseases are likewise constant and easie to be understood but when the season is inconstant so are the sicknesses variable and hard to be understood for the Crisis or conflict is accompanied with dangerous Symptomes where they suddenly cause death or else leave a matter to a new sickness Canon 7. When the sick proves a good second to the Physitian fighting against the sickness it is then easie to obtain the victory now when he believeth the Physitian and puts his Ordnances in practise he serves him for a second and declares himself an enemy to the disease On the contrary if acquitting the Physitian he takes part with the disease by accomplishing that which himself desires he hazards his life two wayes one in leaving the Physitian alone in the combat the other in serving as a second to the sickness which was before alone for it is certain that two are stronger than one Canon 8. The greatness of the sickness followeth the greatness of the cause for as a light cause produceth a light evil so a great cause rendreth a great effect Hence a vehement cause contrary to Nature is a most certain Indice of a great and dangerous sickness Canon 9. Choler doth ever cause quick diseases which determine and end within a few dayes because it is easily resolved by its subtility But Melancholy is the most viscous of all the humours and makes longest accesses because it is dry cold and thick being the life of the blood Next to Melancholy is Phlegm in difficulty of digestion and expulsion by reason of its viscosity Canon 10. The diseases which have some resemblance with the nature bodily constitution and age of the Patient are less dangerous than those that have no conformity for all sicknesses hot cold dry or moist being conform to the complexion age and bodily constitution of the sick as also to the season hath so much less danger as it is less removed from the natural constitution and so may more easily return as proceeding from a lighter and slighter cause as on the contrary the disease which hath no affinity neither with the temper likeness nor age of the Patient or with the season is much more dangerous than the former being further removed from the natural complexion and therefore worse to cure as proceeding from a greater and stronger cause so that of two burning Fevers equall in grandeur that which falls out in Summer to a young man lean of body and hot of temper shall not be so dangerous as that which falls out in Winter to an old man of a fat body and cold complexion Canon 11. Meek and gentle relenting diseases are commonly long but the sharp fiery and fierce are ended within fourteen dayes and the extreme hot in seaven dayes There can be no certain prediction made of hot sharp diseases either for health or death for because they are quickly ended they become suddenly great so that both for the greatness of the disease with the sudden change which befalleth in the Crise or conflict as also because the humour is often transported from one place to another the issue is uncertain wherefore whilst the humour is in its motion it is best to suspend judgment for it is not certain whether it will rush on a noble or ignoble part within or without by passages convenient or inconvenient and though the humour were stayed in one place yet the Physitian ought not resolutely to affirm that the sick shall escape but with this provision That no new change befall and that he follow the advice and keep the regiment prescribed When a woman with child is overtaken by any fiery hot disease she is in danger of her life for a hot fiery Fever requires a strict diet which she cannot admit lest the child being robbed of the food she be delivered before her time and again if sometimes to save the child the mother should often eat the Fever thereby encreasing the mother shall be precipitate in manifest hazard of her life and if it be any other strong sickness without Fever as Epilepsie Apoplexy or Convulsion she shall never be able to support the vehemencie of it Canon 12. To foresee the event of the disease diligence must be used in considering the part that is offended whether it be noble or ignoble publick or private for the condition dignity and necessity of the part that suffereth are of great importance for the pronouncing of the sentence to the profit or prejudice of the Patient Canon 13. In all diseases the constancy of the reason not troubled together with the bounty of the Appetite still ready for whatsoever shall be offered unto it it is a good sign and the contrary is an evil sign The setledness of the Reason and sharpness of the appetite are numbred amongst the good marks because the former bears witness of the temperate disposition of the brain the tyes and ligaments of the brains of the marrow of the back of the Midriff and of all the nervous parts and the later shews the integrity of the Stomach and Livor On the contrary the alienation and troubling of the Reason and the loss of Appetite are evil signs

principall cause of precipitating the Disease in any danger ought first to be helped wherefore excessive watching cruell pain all evacuations out of measure chiefly of Blood the suppression of superfluities other the like symptomes which weaken the Spirits and augment the Disease in sort that some danger do suddenly appear doth often constrain the Physitian to delay the cure of the Sickness and to deal with those symptomes Canon 12. The generall method of curing Diseases is accomplished by the convenient quantity and quality of the remedies with the manner and time of using them Canon 13. It is requisite that all the Remedies be contrary in quality to the Disease for contra contrariis curantur for if all that which is immoderate be contrary to nature and that which is moderate be agreeable to nature of necessity it will follow that that which is out of measure must be brought to measure by its contrary degree of measure hence it is that all Diseases ingendered of Repletion are cured by Evacuation and those that proceed of Evacuation are cured by Repletion and so likewise of others Canon 14. The temper of the body diseased with the Disease it self shews the measure of the contrariety forasmuch as it is not enough to apply cold Remedies to a hot Disease if it be not done with a measure reasonable for being not equal in measure it is to be feared that some portion of the Disease will remain or else being excessive the contrary Diseases will be occasioned to encounter it is therefore most requisite to know the nature of the body that is to be concerned that so understanding how far the disease exceeds mediocrity the proportion of the frigidative or cooling Remedy may exactly be measured therefore the quantity of every Remedy ought to be measur'd according to the complexion of the Patient and greatness of his sickness Canon 15. The contrary Remedies must be put in use by little and little now and then making intermission for it is dangerous to evacuate all at once or else to fill to hear or cool or to change the body suddenly in any other manner for all that which is excessive is an enemy to nature but that which is done by degrees is without danger wherby it wil become surer to make moderate use of contrary remedies then to use them excessively and suddenly because Nature doth not suffer sudden changes without hazard Canon 16. When Diseases are in the beginning then move that which seems good to be moved but when they are in their vigour it is better to let them alone in rest for it is more expedient to use remedies in the beginning then in the height of the Disease for two reasons one because the accidents are weaker at the entring and at the end then in the height the other because Nature wholly employed at that time about the concoction and excretion of the noysome humour ought not to be diverted or hindred by any remedy for seeing the digestion is then it is better in the beginning to evacuate a part of the vicious humour that Nature may the more easily overcome the rest but when the Malady is in its vigour Nature busied already about the concoction it is no proper time to use evacuation Canon 17. If the espece or kind of the Sickness be so obscure that it cannot be taken up at the first there needs no hast in using remedies rather suffer Nature to work it out her self for being helpt by a good diet in the end she will drive the sickness forth where she pleaseth to manifest it for a remedy uncertain and doubtfull cannot be ordained without prejudice if perhaps there be necessity to use any let it at the least be light to the end that if it be not profitable it may not yet be hurtfull Canon 18. A simple Cure is sufficient for a simple Disease but when it is compounded with another then it requires a composed Remedy Canon 19. For the accomplishing of the Cure it is not enough that the Physitian do his duty but that both the Patient and such as attend do theirs also that there be nothing wanting of that which is required for it is requisite that the diseased strive to fight with the disease by means of the Medicine and so to obey the Physitian and not to give license to his own desires he ought also to have people about fitting for his service being well lodged and furnished with commodities needful and not have them to seek Canon 20. The Physitian who doth all things according to reason ought not to change his end proposed in his method proposed from the beginning though all things succeed not according to expectation for it is but small wisdome lightly to acquit that which one seemed expedient though the success have failed for as the mark of a drop of water falling on a stone doth not appear sensible but after a long space it falls even so it is in raw and indigested diseases which receive no coction but with difficulty unto which when Reason hath found that which is convenient according to all Indications considered one after another one must not leave off the course intended although there hath no manifest utility been found from it if so it be that some other accident do not happen which doth constrain to acquit the first purpose for there is no reason to use the remedies which indicatious did lead unto Canon 21. There be three sorts of Remedies by which all indispositions are cured that be curable that is to say by Diet by Chyrurgy or mutuall Operation and by Pharmacy or Medicines outward and inward it is requisite that the diet be repugnant to the Sickness and familiar to Nature for wholsom food is that which is contrary to that which is contrary to nature and like to that which is according to nature so hot meats are convenient for cold diseases moist and humid meats for the dry and drying food for the weak and moist wherefore it is expedient to prescribe a strict diet to fat and fleshy people for such diet drieth Canon 22. Meat and drink more pleasant to the tast but less profitable is to be preferred before that which is more profitable and pleasant for meats are to be permitted which are not best not onely to gratifie the sick but also for his further good because the stomack embraceth the meat more strictly and keeps better that which is taken willingly and with great contentment digests it better on the contrary it rejects and disdains such foods as are disagreeable to the tast because they move a desire of vomiting or cause some fluctuating or inflation in the stomach therefore the Patient must be humoured in such things as are indifferent and not very hurtfull Canon 23. In the ordaining of the Diet there must be care had of former customes for things of a long time accustomed although worse do commonly hurt less then those which are not in custome Canon

disposition of the Arire the form of Life with the diseased and the sickness wherewith he useth to be molested for one is soonest overtaken with a disease wherewith their nature hath greatest familiarity so hot diseases are most frequently incident to hot bilious or cholerick people and cold sicknesses to cold lumpish natures and that as well to those who are such by Nature Habitude and Age as to those who are so by reason of the Region the season and the constitution of the Aire and albeit that all sorts of sickness may befall to all sorts of Persons of all Ages in all Places and Times yet they fall most frequently on the Temperament Age Place and time with the which they have some affinity an Epidemick or universall sickness is known incontinently by the running of it among the people seizing on many at one time All hereditary diseases as the Epilepsy or Falling-sickness the Gravell the Gout are suspected to be incident to Persons descended from Parents afflicted with such infirmities Moreover the kind of the disease is often found by using such things as hurt or help it for the hot intemperature doth encrease by the use of hot things but is mitigated by the use of cooling things the cold intemperature is contrary Canon 10. After the acquired knowledg of the disease search next for the Cause of it which is either externe or interne inward or outward The interne is twofold antecedent or conjoyned First then seek out the Cause conjoyned because it immediately produceth a disease it is therefore needfull to search whether it be wind or any other superabounding humour as Blood Choler Melancholly or Phlegme or any other thing contrary to nature as Stone lump of blood wormes or any other sort of Excrement the colour and nature of the Place the kind of the dolour and the sort of the Excrement these with the predominant humour in the body will serve for Marks Canon 11. For when the part inflamed is red it is full of Blood when yellow full of Choller that which is cold and white is replenished with Phlegme when blackish with melancholy for the colour of the skin doth commonly point forth the humour that is within divers parts are appointed for the engendring of divers humours excrementitious as the Liver for breeding of yellow Choler the Spleen of black Choler the Stomach the Lungs the Braine of Phlegme the Kidnies and Bladder of Gravell and the Stone the Guts of Wormes The pain pricks sore when it is caused of choler more moderate when it proceeds of blood blunt when it comes of Melancholy Phlegme or Wind except when they make great distention through their abundance If that which issueth forth by the Excrement be a portion of that which is continued within it shews either by the substance or colour what it is we shall speak hereafter of the predominant humour Canon 12. After the knowledge of the Cause conjoyned it followeth to know whether it be alone or if it be fostered and furnished by any other Cause antecedent that which gathers is by way of congestion through the fault of the part offended and is reputed to be alone but when all the body or any part of it doth exonerate it self on the member affected of any superabounding humour which overburdeneth there is th●n the Cause antecedent which doth accompany the conjoyned so there be two sorts of Causes interne to which Remedies must be used Canon 13. The Cause antecedent of the sickness is double the one is named Plethor or Plenitude the other is named Cacochymie or evil digestion Plethor is a repletion of all the humours equally augmented or of blood onely Cacochymie is a repletion of Choler Melancholy or Phlegme the signs both of the one and the other are taken both from the causes antecedent which do gather the humours that is to say from the temperature of the whole body and of the principal parts from the age season constitution of the Air from the Region Manner of living and of the evacuation ordinarily suppressed As also from the accidents that befall all the qualities of the body such as be the color the habitude the functions animal vital and natural as from the sleep dreams pulse concoction excrements of the diseases ensuing and of the things that hurt or profit Canon 14. There be two sorts of Plenitude the one called Plenitudo ad vires in which the blood though it be not excessive neither in quantity nor quality doth nevertheless overcharge the weak forces of Nature The other is Plenitudo ad vasa the which in quantity surpasseth the natural limits or bounds and this either light or gentle that is when it filleth onely the cavity of the vein not far exceeding mediocrity or it is excessive when it extends so that it almost rends the veins through the fulness of it by too great abundance and although it be very excessive yet it may be so that Nature be not choaked by it for commonly the force grows with the blood but if it fall out that the forces are abated then it is Plenitudo super vires When then in a Plethor the body is no way by a too great weight lazy or heavy and the force or strength remains still in one state it is onely a Plenitudo ad vasa but when the body becomes heavy lazy and doiled the sleep troubled and profound seeming to carry as it were something whilst he sleeps it is then Plenitudo super vires Canon 15. The causes that engender blood in abundance are signs antecedent of a Plenitude as the Complexion temperate of all the whole body but chiefly of the Livor and the Heart or else moderately hot and humid The Age growing is another for children and young folke have much blood because they are not far from their principes or beginning of their natural generation The Spring also is a cause for in it the Blood abounds for then the cold ceaseth and the waters descend Also good fare a pleasant passed life without care with moderate exercise and sleep The naturall evacuation of Blood suppressed or the artificiall for long time intermitted The Accidents which shew the domination of Blood in the body are the signes consequent of Blood such be the colour of the face and all the body red by the ordinary custome or mixed of red and white the swelling of the Veines equally appearing through all a manifest bending of the Vessels being full of Blood by measure a laziness or weariness coming of it self without any labour under the which the joynts by reason of their weight with great difficulty do move themselves for it is when the great Veines over-full of blood do exonerate themselves into the little and they again into the Muscles that they are thus filled and bended The Habitude of the body fleshy because it doth proceed of abundance of blood yea the Mediocre fleshy accompanied with a heat benigne and vaporous this is a signe of

of the face hard extended and dry the colour of the face pale or black livid or lead-coloured for if this deformity do not proceed of a manifest cause as of lack of sleep or of meat or by reason of a Flux of the belly without doubt it presageth death to be near for this great extenuation is made by the malignity of the disease Canon 22. Where a change is perceived through the whole body so that it is now cold then hot sometimes of one colour then of another it foretelleth a long disease for the indispositions diversly mixed are still longer than those that are of a fast form or fashion for Nature cannot tame or overcome more at once Now the changing of qualities and humours demonstrate the disease to be caused of divers humours in the coction whereof Nature hath need to employ much time for according to the variety of the humours within there appears a variety of colors without Canon 23. It is a good sign to have the Hypoconders that is the space under the short ribs on either side soft equal and without dolour but very evil to have them hard bended unequal and painful for as the former shews the good temperature of the Epigasticks or skins covering the Muscles of the Mesentery the Livor the Spleen and the Stomach so the later declares an intemperature that is an inflammation a skirrh or wind to be in those parts In all diseases it is good that the parts above the Navel and the inferiour part of the belly be gross fat and in good case for the Hypoconders gross and fleshy are marks of strength but the small and extenuate are evil both as signs and as causes for as much as they are signs of the debility of the parts extenuate and causes that the digestion is not well elaborate in the stomach nor the sanguification in the Livor for the grosness or fatness of the Epigastre or lower parts of the belly do augment the natural heat by the parts within being warmed they better digest the meat and so make better blood Canon 24. As to the consideration of the things that fall out in the body every good sign is not an assurance that the sick shall escape neither on the other side though evil signs appear are they to be taken for warrants that he shall die for a good sign may be over-weighed by an Evil being great and on the contrary an evil sign may be overcome a good being stronger Canon 25. The disease quits the sick either wholly at once by way of Crise or by little little by way of Resolution Crise is a sudden change of the Disease into Health or else into Death which is then when Nature separates the vicious humours from the good in order to expell them of it there be two sorts one is by Excretion and the other is by Absesse that comes by a flux of Blood or Sweat or by a flux of the Belly or Vomit or flux of the Urine Canon 26. The good Crise arrives on the 7 14 or on the 20 day wherefore these dayes are called Critical the future Crise was fore-seen by the signs of digestion appearing on the 4 11 and the 17 day hence these dayes are called by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is Indicatives Contemplatives for according to the doctrine of Hypocrates the 4 day is the indicative of the 7. the 8 is the beginning of the next moneth the 11 is also remarkable because it is the 4 of the second week and the 17 is also to be observed because it is the 4 after the 14 and the 7 from the 11. Canon 27. When the Crise is to be on the 7 day there is to be perceived on the 4 day preceding a red cloud in the water and other signs correspondent for because the 4 day points out the 7 if there appear any sign of concoction that day it forewarns the Crise to be on the 7 day where then there appears a cloud in the water not onely red but white and yet rather a white Hypostasis or ground united and equall if it so happen that the motion of the sickness be sudden it is a presage of the future Crise When the Crise draws near the night preceding is very troublesome but that which follows is ordinarily more easie to be endured for whilest Nature is making a separation between the good and evil humours which disagree in this exercise of nature the disease is much troubled but so it is that this great work appears the night before the Crise because the sleep is interrupted but the night which follows the Crise being perfect the humours are much more at their own ease because nature is disburthened of superfluous humours Canon 28. The universal signs by which one discovers the espece or kind of the Crise to come are taken from the kind of the Disease from the part that is diseased from the nature of the Patient for hot and quick diseases are ordinarily judged by excretion but the cold and long by Absesse If there be an inflammation in the gibbous or rising part of the Livor then must be expected a Crise by a flux of Blood at the right Nostrill or by a flux of Urine if the inflamation be in the hollow part of it then expect the Crise by a flux of the Belly or by Vomit or by Sweat The inflamations of the Brain and of all the Head are commonly judged by an Hemorragie or bleeding at the Nose but that of the Stomach and Mesentery are judged by Vomit or Flux downward Moreover a flux of Blood falls oftenest to young men cholerick overtaken with a hot Fever and a flux of the Belly to old men phlegmatick there the common and now here the proper Prognosticks of every Crise Redness of the Face and extreme dolour of the Head and Neck a beating of the Arteries in the Temples the distention of the Hypochonders with difficulty of breathing a dimnesse and watering of the Eyes singing of the Ears and itching of the Nostrils prognosticks the Crise to be a flux of Blood by the Nose A heat and heaviness of the Loynes with a pain and extension of the Hypogastre foreshews a Crise to be by a flux menstruall A suppression of the Water with a pricking and shivering through the whole Body with the Pulse soft and watry and the exteriour parts of the body hot and vaporous betokens that it will be a Sweat Belching Ventosities or Winds a bending of the Belly and pain of the Kidneys by a flux of the Belly loss of Appetite or loathing of Meat with a throwing of the Heart soreness of the Head giddiness great spitting bitterness in the Mouth and a trembling of the under-Lip these are prognosticks that a future Crise will be by Vomit When the signs of Concoction have gone before and when the motions of a Crise have been perceived then it may be expected by a flux of Urine if there