when hee is past any other vse by reason of weakenesse and decrepit old age then hee is good enough to breed vpon as though weake and Note feeble age which hath not lust and strength to preserue it selfe had sufficient nature to beget another more strong and lusty But for the reforming of which traditionall error to the good of the future age of my Country whose happinesse I and euery one is bound to preserue I haue endeauoured my selfe so much as in me lieth to purge the truth from the dregges of this imperfection Wherefore they are desirous to ioyne the Art of breeding with Nature in such sort as they would receiue the Period of their wishes in the superlatiue degree I hold Mr. Morgan his opinion that whosoeuer will lay a sure foundation to build high vpon this subiect he must look back to the first Creation if hee desire a restitution to that perfection For when God had created all things and gaue them that blessing to increase and c God gaue the power of begetting to all Creatures in their best perfection multiply it was in their greatest and highest degree of their perfection and strength and not in their imperfection for els Nature might seeme to be vnperfect in not producing such naturall effects as might preserue that necessary good for the ends they were ordayned But because heat and moysture are the onely instrumentall meanes whereby all the faculties of any genus are maintained in their greatest strength there must bee an equall commixture in the same Therefore neither a Colt that is not come to his perfection of strength nor an old horse that is declining and past the same are fittest to breed vpon nor likewise Mares when they are in either of the said excesses For a Colt that is d A young Colt is not fit to beget and why but in his increasing and growing facultie being but the vegetatiue part his seed is not apt for generation hee being not come to his materiall perfection and strength for by reason of the excessiue moysture that is in him for want of yeares his seed cannot be of a perfect temperature for generation because all perfect seede for procreation must bee hot and dry and plenty thereof full concocted to temper the coldnesse and moysture of the seed of the Mare And likewise if the Mare be young also her seede will be the more cold and moyst especially it not being full concocted by the strength of Nature by reason her seed in the hyest perfection is cold and moyst and so it must necessarily follow that those Colts so begotten must for the most part proue Fillies or if they be Colt Foales yet they will be much fleshy ioynted great limmed thicke Boned Heauy and Dull according to the naturall operation of cold and moysture whose propertie is to conioyne and knit into a Massie lumpe without proportion And againe if a Colt should be begotten of an old Horse e An old Horse is not good to breed on and why and an old Mare in regard they want the power and efficacy of their naturall heate vigor and spirit hee will be ouer cold and dry through the predominancy of coldnesse and drynesse that doth raigne in them and then that Colt that is so begotten will be as the common prouerbe is soone ripe soone rotten of little Strength short liued of small spirit and courage and of a badde shape for that it wanteth that heate and perfect moysture I meane an oylye substance which are the cheife preseruers of life and good spirit And so the like by proportion may be applied to an old Horse and a young Mare and also to a young Horse and an old Mare by reason that the like causes doe alwaies produce the like effects Wherefore the Middle age of them both I meane from sixe f Horses and Mares of the middle age are best to breed vpon yeares till twelue or if it be foureteene it is not much amisse in such Horses as are of a more hot spirity disposition is the best to breed vpon they being of equall temperatures For the Horse being of middle age and in his best lust hath his seede hot and dry and the Mare being in like manner hath her seede cold and moyst hauing plenty on both parts and that in the greatest perfection of heate and naturall strength of body doe make a temperature of such a high degree of perfection that the Colt will be full of vitall spirit of high courage and pride thinne and dry bones great sinnewes and arteries and of such a most beautifull and perfect shape through the naturall quality of heate which doth refine the whole body from drosse in such manner as if Art and Nature did striue for supremacy in their workes But to make this more plaine by a simily As the light of a g A simile of a Lampe 1. Pra. 8.b. candle is maintayned by heate and moysture if there be a true proportion betwixt the substance of the weike and the quantity of tallow or oylie substance the splendor or light is the more perfect and durable but if either of them be more predominate or tending to either excesse of too much or too little that is if the weike bee so bigge as there is not moysture enough to qualifie the heate thereof the light will be very violent for the time but it will be soone spent or likewise if the oyle or Moysture be more then the strength of the fire can dry through the smalnesse of the weike then is the light so very small and imbecile that it giueth a very weake light and is alwaies in going out Euen so a Colt if the seede whereof hee is framed be of a perfect temperature both in heate and moysture his actions will h Application to the seede be of great splendor delight and very permanent but if either of the two qualities be predominate then will he either be too prodigall and free and so soone decay himselfe or else so slow and weake that it will much darken his glory But yet that the cause of these two qualities doth proceed 1. Pr. 8. c d. â— The Sunne is the cause of all vitall heat and the Moone the cause of the moysture from the elements I dare not say for the cause of the heate doth proceed from the Sunne it causing a heate in all Sublunary bodies which is the vitall part and the moystnesse from the Moone by reason of her humidity and so it is the vigetatiue part for although we liue in the ayre yet we are composed of the elements for as a child is nourished in the wombe but yet not made of the wombe so are we nourished by the ayre but not made of it CHAP. 7. How the Stallion and Mare should be kept with foode for the increase of good seede THe next thing that is to be obserued for helping to reduce breeding to his highest perfection
their water and their vsing therein 2. Prac. 10. â— mile or two for their exercise obseruing to warme them a little after their water not suffering them to drinke their fill at the first but after they haue taken their first draught gallop them a little to warme it and then let them drinke againe and after that gallop them as you did before neuer letting them depart till they will drinke no more and so by this order you shall free the stomack from such raw crudities as the coldnesse of the water would incite if they did drinke their fill at the first and further in letting them haue their fill it will keepe their bodies from drying too fast because Nature it selfe is the best director for the expelling of her enemies especially in these creatures where she can command the apetite But whereas Mr. Morgan doth wish to put wine into their 2. Pra. 22. h Wine is no naturall drinke for a Horse water to qualifie the heate thereof I hold it not proper feeding for a horse in regard they naturally desire to drinke water and when a horse is in perfect state of body as it is to bee supposed these must be nature doth awayes desire that which will preserue 1. Pra. 12. â— Theo. 37.n. 1. Pra. 8. g. it to flye from that which wil hurt it in that euery thing is maintained by the like and destroyed by the contrary and so their owne naturall heat for warming their water is better then that which proceedeth from any other Now when you haue brought them home either from their water or any other excercise as occasion shall be offered let them be had presently into the stable it being made cleane 1 How to vse them after they come from their water and sweet and rub them cleane and dry letting them be round stopt with great waddes of straw and good store of litter vnder them to keepe them warme that they coole no faster then nature is able to expell such grosse humors as otherwise would n congeale by cooling faster then the bloud can haue its naturall course to nourish all the parts of the body which is the cause of 2. Pr. 10. â— all sicknesse and diseases Which done let them stand vpon the snaffle an houre or more till they bee through coold without any meat except a little hay in the rack to chaw vpon for 1. Pra. 9. a k Cooling too fast or eating too hot will corrupt the bloud if you should giue them meat before they bee through cold it will concoct sooner then nature doth desire by reason of the exterior heat which was prouoked by labour and so will inflame the naturall heat which is the cause of imperfect digestion Then when they are cold let their bridles be drawne and their bodies and legges well chafed and rubd letting them haue such a quantity of bread or other prouender as in your Theo. 18.f. discretion you finde their apetite to serue but seeing no certaine thing can limit an vncertaine therefore no man can describe such a certaine quantity of meat as shall satisfie the appetite of euery horse And heerein I differ againe from Mr. Morgan who doth wish that there should bee a spare diet both in meat and water for the perfecting of digestion and refining the seed And my reason is they being only sensitiue their appetite is serued according to the plenosity of the receptacle parts For when they haue receiued or eaten so much as nature cay digest into good nutriment then if a man would knock A reason l A horse will eat no more after nature bee satisfied 1. Pr. 10. a. them in the head he can neither cause them to eat one bit or drinke one sup more And heerein they are farre more temperate then Man for they feeding their appetite sensitiuely they being sensitiue Creatures cannot consult with themselues to draw on their appetite by expostulating of the goodnes or rarenesse of the meat But they onely feed their stomacke for the present and doe eat so much as is sufficient neuer regarding what they shall eat the next neither for the goodnesse not quantity Now therefore in regard Nature is the best director what quantity will best satisfie their appetite I thinke it best to let them be their owne caruers for if they bee restrayned and haue not enough then it will bee a meanes indeed for them to cloy their stomacks with feeding if at any time they may haue it according to the old Prouerbe two hungry meales will make m Nature abhorreth emptinesse the third a glutton Or else if they be continually kept with a spare diet then nature not beeing sufficiently satisfied there will be neither such store of good blood nor such aboundance of seed as otherwise there would and then if there be a defect in the materiall substance the formall cannot be perfect And againe if there be want of food the stomack will be empty and then seeing nature abhorreth emptinesse what should supply 1. Pr. 12. a that want but moyst ayre whose nature is to penetrate into all places of vacuity by reason of its tenuity which will much hinder concoction through the moistnesse thereof for that nature cannot turne that food which was receiued into such perfect bloud as otherwise it would if there were the whole heat and strength of nature And as for surfets and diseases they doe not come to these 1. Pr. 14.b. n Surfets doe not altogether proceed from full feeding 1. Pr. 15.k. i Spare dyet is Phisicall 1. Pr. 12.b. Creatures by fulnesse of feeding but by the abuse in eyther of the excesses of too much or two little exercise from whence commeth inflamation of the blood or else by a negligent care after labour which causeth an obstruction of blood by too fast cooling For the which causes spare dyet is to be vsed to refell such corrupt and grosse humors as doth destroy nature it being medicinall and therefore it cannot bee good for a perfect strong body for to it medicines doth weaken nature But to conclude hauing kept them in such sort as I haue said for some twelue or fourteene daies for by that time their bloud and seed will bee sufficiently purged from grosse humors you may then put them together for generation referring the end of your proceeding to Gods good blessing But this I would haue you to obserue that you doe not labour either of them for three dayes at the least before you put them together more then the fetching of their water least it cause too hasty Note digestion by causing a greater heat then nature would effect for concoction for when the state of the body is perfect then the naturall heat doth worke the best temperature both so blood and seed during which time let them be fed very well ' for thereby they will be very lusty and haue great plenty of seed so that they will performe
for if it did not nourish them they would haue nothing to liue on for through these Curiosity their their Nurse curious inquisitions they are neuer at home but alwayes ranging abroad asking what newes of this man what estate hath that man what credit or vertues hath such a one And so they curiously desire to pry into all mens affaires altogether seeking their infamie by their opprobrious speeches Many other detestable qualities doth he repeate of this degenerated sect which I omit for breuity onely these haue I summarily collected to giue approbation for the detecting of their malicious and enuious hearts for though they speake friendly to a mans face yet so soone as hee is departed will speake any thing that may worke his disgrace and ouerthrow who are branded with all diuelish deuises which being laid open to the World may bee the better knowne by their proper markes when they shall enuy any thing that may bring a future good to them that shall afterward succeed Sene Quae decipiunt nihil habent solidi tenue est mendacium prolucet si inspexeris FINIS The Table of the Third Booke CHAP. Fol. 1 HOw to chuse a hunting horse 1 2 The Authors Apology 5 3 The order of a good stable 7 4 Of trayning a young Colt to hunting 10 5 How to bring your Colt to a true Rake 13 6 Of galloping 16 7 What pace is best for these sorts of horses 18 8 At what age a Colt should be put to sore labour 26 9 Of the first taking vp of a hunting horse 31 10 Of dressing and inseaming him 34 11 Of his exercise in hunting 38 12 Of the manner of his food and time of feeding 42 13 Of Scowrings and their vses 46 14 How to make a hunting match 51 15 How to order your horse for a hunting match 56 16 Obseruations in running 59 17 How to make a Horse lye downe at your pleasure 62 18 How to exercise and traine a running horse 66 19 Of matching a running horse and clearing the doubts 69 20 How to cloath a running horse 74 21 Of Ayring 77 22 Of his watring 80 23 The food for a running horse 83 24 How to vse a horse in his brething courses after he be matched 87 25 How to iudge of the state of a horses body 89 26 Of the necessity and vse of Scowrings 92 27 How to apply Sweatings to a running horse 95 28 Generall rules to be noted before you runne 97 29 The Epilogue 98 FINIS CVRES FOR THE DISeases in Horses CHAP. 1. How the true knowledge of Curing diseases is intricate IT hath beene a custome amongst all those that haue written of this subject to set forth the diseases of Horses and their cures in the latter end of their works to the end that they might A horseman should aswell learne to cure as to ride haue a remedy for any disease that shall happen because hee is not holden a Horseman that shall be defectiâ—e in part of the Art Wherefore because I would not haue this booke to be accompted maimed in wanting a cheife member I will obserue the like order and set forth such receipts as I haue found either by experience or the best probability to be good for in regard there are many diseases that my liues practise not dealing with any cures but in my owne hands hath not had occasion to approue Men must yeeld to authority in things that transends their knowledge I cannot truely auerre that all these receipts are infallible therefore I will yeeld to the authority of worthy Maister Markeham who hath merited most worthily for his dâ—ligent collections herein because I wiill not oppose against any thing but what I can defend by experience or reason And because many things which others haue set forth for curing are not wholely their owne but borrowed from diuers Authors it shall not grieue me to tread in another mans steps seeing I cannot trace it of my selfe rather then the gentle Reader shall be destitute of all releefe when he shall haue need in regard this booke may come into such mens hands as haue no other Not weighing the tongues of Backebiters that will say I write nothing of mine owne in this part for I grant I which haue no such plentifull veine in this knowledge will not sticke to digge other mens mynes and to borrow of their treasures so Too many of â—his ranke that I may thereby profit the good of any for it is better if â— man feele a want to confesse it then like blind Biard to launch so boldly forward in vnknowne medowes till they be plunged in the mire of their owne ignorance in desiring to be esteemed more excellent This Science abused by prating Leaches For there are too many of vnskilfull Leaches that will assume to haue such knowledge in curing and in the causes of diseases natures of simples as shal parallel the best experienced Farrier and yet can giue no good account of the quantity of the one nor operation of the other for if they can but talke of the foure elements and that the fire is hot and dry and the ayre hot and moyst c. though they be altogether ignorant how to make application they thinke their words shall giue an approbation of their profound iudgement and that their knowledge doth reach beyond the Moone and must be credited whatsoeuer shamelesse and false reports they vtter in the commendations of their owne skill for I haue heard them that haue not beene ashamed A shamefull rediculous lye to say that he hath taken out a Horses heart and washt it and put it in againe and so hath clensed it from such corruption as troubled him and cured him which wrought a great admiration to many of the hearers and was partly credited But there are too-too many of these dog-leaches which blind the eyes of weake and simple iudgements and make them beleeue their words are Oracles and though they kill many if they cure any those any must cloake their ignorance in killing many Now besides killing by medicines they also lame by their Many horses lamed by these absurd Leaches tirannous Chirurgery or else if they cure they oftentimes make such an eye-sore as it is a great blemish to the Horse so long as he liueth for they lame either by applying salues and oyles improperly in vsing hot oyles or hot pultresse vnto a limbe where is most sinewes and veynes and thereby causeth inflamation and so apostumation whereby they loose the vse thereof by launching and cutting after it is putrified or else by burning and searing with hot irons and so seares and shrinkes vp the sinewes that he looseth the vse of that member or if it be in Burning and searing is no true cuâ—e a fleshy part then they will scarifie and cut it so cruelly or if it be fistulated cut cleane away the flesh so vnnaturally as it would pitty a Iewes heart
the action with such lust and courage that the Colt will be of such perfection as you shall thinke your charges and paines sufficiently satisfied CHAP. 8. When to put your Horse and Mare together for generation AFter that you haue brought your Horse and Mare to such perfect state of body that their seede is in perfect temperature then you may put them together to copulate but likewise the time of the yeare is to be respected for the effecting of perfect generation Of the which proiect sith so many in former ages haue set forth their imitated opinions which haue carried the most away with a successiue authority I craue pardon least my differing iudgement shall be read with scurrillity for my bould attempt in regard I set downe nothing as carried away with authority but onely that which reason and experience hath made probable Now the antients haue holden it as a maxime that there is no time of the yeare fit for to haue their Mares couered in but a The antients opinion of the Vernall moneths onely the Vernall Moneths as March Aprill and May because as they say in those Moneths the bloud which is the Principall humour doth then raigne and so fittest for generation through that abundance of blood which causeth them to haue the greatest desire for copulation for authority of which their assertion they bring instance from the earth which at that time onely doth bring forth its blossomes and fruits And againe they bring forth the antients of former times and many other instances which I omit to rehearse because to answere to them all would be tedious to the reader and so discourage the young practitioners with too many ambiguities and confuse their memory with too many degressions and therefore so briefly as I can I will touch these as the chiefe heads And first whereas they say that those three Moneths are the aptest to beget because of the abundance of bloud that b Why these three moneths are not the best doth then predominate I conclude my answere with Maister Morgan that where there is any predominate excesse there is not a perfect and sound body and therefore not fit for generation for any intemperate excesse is the cause of sicknesse and so not to be admitted in those indiuiduums which should beget and bring forth for if the blood doth exceed in heat as it must needs if it abound then it will soone consume and dry vp the radicall moysture and so destroy himselfe as my former instance of a Lampe or Candle doth approue and therefore b 1 Pra. 6. g perfect generation is not to be referred so much vnto any particuler time as to the perfect temperature of the body wherby is made pure seede And secondly whereas they bring a strong implication thereof from the Earth because it doth bring forth its blossomes and This implication cannot stand good fruits at that time of the yeare onely it doth not follow that Mares therefore should be couered at that time onely and not else for by that application that time is best to couer Mares in The reason which they may quicken at the spring bring forth at Michaelmas as the earth doth her fruits for though fruit doth then form yet is it not then at perfection till it hath the benefit of the Summer to be ripened with the heate of the Sunne And further if there were an apt resemblance to the Earth then those Mares which were about the Equinoctiall should bring forth twice in one yeare as the Earth doth yeeld her fruits they hauing The second reason two springs and two Summers the Sunne making his course twise ouer their heads in one yeare which to grant were very grosse seeing a Mare goeth twelue Moneths after she conceiue before she bring forth And againe although the Earth retaine her Vigetatiue vertue which is the sappe yet by reason The third reason of the Winters cold it is so imprisoned within her that it cannot come forth till it receiue a nourishing heate from the Sunne 1 Pra. 6.i. c A proofe that all vigetatiue things haue their nourishment from the Sunne which in Winter it cannot not that it is further distant from vs at that time then it is in Summer as many suppose because in a circle euery part of the circumference is equally distant from from the Center but in regard the Sunne is not hot of it selfe but by coaction as the Philosophers hold and so when the Sunne is in our winter solstice hee sending his beames Diamiterly that is by a straight line they glance into the ayre without any strong reflection and so doth yeeld small comfortable heate but as it riseth higher so his beames descend more perpendicular which more and more doth reuerberate vpon the Earth whereby the superficies is comforted and so the inward naturall heate of the Earth doth ioyne with that heate which is the cause that the Earth doth bud forth her blossomes and fruites at that time more then another But a Mare though she doth not receiue the like comfortable heate in Winter as in Summer no more then the Earth yet by reason of that naturall heat which remaineth in her shee doth nourish and bring forth in Winter as well as in Summer according to the determinate time of her conceiuing Wherefore seeing God hath giuen them such naturall faculties as to beget and bring forth a There was no time limited for procreation at the beginning at all times of the yeare I thinke it meere simplenesse being carried away with the ayrye force of Antiquity to prescribe that to a particuler where there is a generall power for when God said increase and multiply he gaue no limitation of time for else nature could not exceed those limits And againe they haue set downe times in those Moneths as the full of the Moone to be the best for action because that Of the time of the Moone then the Mare hath great store of menstruall blood for composition of the Colt and then is the greatest store of blood in them both But here Maister Morgan may seeme to make a contradiction with himselfe for when they are come to a perfect habit of body then nature cannot be defectiue in any part and therefore to encrease any moyst or Flegmaticke substance will cause a ruine of the indiuiduum in abating the vigor of heat which should keepe all the members from grosse composition For I grant that all Sublunary bodies are gouerned by the d 1 Pra. 6. i. Moone but yet I doe not hold that at such times they are the best for perfect generation because they doe then abound with Cold and Moystnesse according to the quality of the Moone by which they are gouerned But admit it should be best as it is doudtfull yet the operation might be hindered by 1. Pr. 5.n. reason of some other disaster Aspect of other Planets more Maleuolent and Predominating in a
Malignant House which might hinder her naturall effects and therefore no certainty of the best effect at thâ—se times And further they abreuiate the parts of the moneth to a certaine time of the day as morning and euening which opinion I hold indifferent and therefore will not insist vpon it and Of the time of the day yet there is no proofe that then is the best because there may be also euill Aspects at such times which may hinder the expectation of man which God may the sooner send to confound such curious obseruators But I am of Maister Markehams opinion that the euening is the better of twaine because they are comforted all the day with the heate of the Sunne which increaseth courage but it is abated in the morning by the moystnesse and coolenesse of the night And whereas Maister Morgan doth wish that there should a â— A curious friuolous obseruation respect be had of the Winde I doe vary therein for saith he the North and West windes doe cause heate and so maketh the seed thinne and the South wind is grosse and moyst But to answere to this position in particuler would spend too much time for so small a moment And therefore breifly thus if men The reason should haue such a curious respect to haue the windes in the morning for that is the time which he doth appoynt to be in such a quarter the Moone then being in the Change or Full before they can haue their Mares couered at such precise times it may be they shall spend the whole yeare and scarsly get one serued so vnconstant is both time and wind And whereas hee holdeth that the winde doth cause cold or heate I hardly beleeue that because the Ayre and Wind is e The Sunne doth alter the disposition of wether rather then the winde subiect to be changed from cold to heate onely by the Sunne as may be easily perceiued by the heate in Summer and the cold in Winter Neither doe I allow these obseruations in times for the begetting of a Colt Foale because the perfectnesse of the seed is the surest probability except it be hindered by force of the constellations For if it bee concocted by a true proportionable heate the food being good from whence it sprung it will be the more pure and strong and so most likely proue a Colt Foâ—le But I would not haue my meaning so mistaken that I vtterly take away obseruation of all times but only that strong implication that the most haue to those three months onely and so make three parts of the yeare vnprofitable For seeing both God and Nature hath not giuen them any limited time for generation therefore it were monster-like to obserue more the Note this traditions of men then nature and so confine to a part hauing liberty in the whole But whereas I may seeme to admit of the whole yeare for generation yet I meane not in generall places but onely there â— The Garden of â—â—den about the Equinoctiall where they haue the Sunne continually to nourish and comfort them with his heat and that is in the hot Zone about the equinoctiall where it is supposed the Garden of Eden was where God gaue this generall power of increasing and multiplying But in our temperate clime where the cold hath as great force in Winter as heat hath in Summer if there should not be some time obserued it would produce much defects in Nature by reason of too much cold that is in deepe of Winter Wherefore to inlarge the obseruation of time this I haue found by experience and also reason doth induce mee thereto â— What months are good for procreacion that all the months from Aprill to October are good for procreation for I haue seene those Colts which haue beene soaled at Mid-sommer or Lammas haue for the most part proued the best horses And the reason is that euery thing being maintained by the like and destroyed by the contrary therefore that time is best for generation that hath the best simpathy to their â— Pra. 7.h. quality for a horse is naturally hot and dry therefore those months being of the same quality by the force of the Sunne are the best for their procreation But if any make a doubt whether the Horse is hot and dry let them obserue a horse that is Thâ—â— 2.o. 33.b. â— VVhether a horse be hot and dry of a perfect temperature for that is the grownd of nature because euery excesse causeth a deformity which is no part of the naturall body and from whence hee hath his pure shape his stout and valiant courage and his agility in quick and swife running if it be not by heat whose office is to purge the pure substance from drosse And likewise for that matter they are composed of it is hot and dry excepting naturall moysture as it may appeare by the h 1. Pra. 5.e. parts For euery part doth participate of the same matter with the whole but the flesh is hot and dry as may bee perceiued by the lightnesse and spunginesse thereof And also by his fast The Reason feeding and sudden loosing thereof and therefore the whole must be composed of the same For if hee were cold and moist then his flesh would consolidate and bee more firme and hard and so would aske longer time in getting according the nature of an Oxe c. And further it may be seene by his dung it being the excrement of the food concocted for it is so purged with heat as there is no solid substance left but onely a light dusty â— A horse is proued to be hot by his dung spunge after the moisture is exhaled by the Sunne Where contrarily the dung of a beast though it be dryed by the Sunne hath a substance crusty and hard By all which and more if it were needfull to rehearse it may euidently appeare that a horse is hot and dry and therefore the Summer is the nearest to his nature And further if a Mare be couered at Lammas or thereabout Of Lammas Foales then is the beginning of the yeare a great releefe for the nourishment of the Colt in her wombe with the chiefe food that the Mare doth eat all the sorepart of Summer and after when it is foaled the Mare will haue great plenty of good milke it being refined by the heat of the Sunne and then at Martinmas time when the grasse is cold and small store thereof it will haue such store of Milke that it will haue the lesse desire to feed vpon such raw and cold food and so consequently all the Winter if the Mare be kept with such meat as she should to increase the same whereas they which are foaled in March or Aprill the Of a March or Aprill Foale Foale hath first cold and bad nourishment in the wombe and after when it is foaled the milke wil be nothing so comfortable by reason of
her food in the winter when it shall stand the most need and the greatest store in Summer when it shall stand the lesse need whereby it shall bee forced in Winter to feed on such food as then it can get for want of milke to suffice nature And againe those Colts which are foaled after Martinmas Of Martinmas Foales though their milke be good yet by the extremity of cold in the long nights their limbes being weake and grisles will be congealed too grossly and their courage much abated So that they will hardly be brought to such strength and courage afterward as otherwise nature would effect they being stockt at the first for there is no greater enemy to a horse then cold â— Cold nights are hurtfull for a Horse Otherwise what is the cause that they prosper not in Winter as well as in Summer if they bee not housed and also that late ayring takes so much of them But as for the time of the Moone and day when they should bee couered I stand not so much vpon such precisenesse referring that to God which is the disposer of times and of all other things But yet because he hath giuen the fruition of food as a secondary meanes to maintaine the species there ought a care to bee had for the preseruation thereof whereby it may increase the best nourishment by such good digestion as humane reason can inuent before they come to performe the action But I am not minding to spend any more time vpon those points I hauing partly touched them before least that I should offend the gentle Reader with too tedious assertions for although I haue beene prolixe heerein yet I am more concise then I would hauing much to doe to end so briefly this being so large a field to walke in for the confuting of antient traditions CHAP. 9. How and where to put your Horse and Mare together for generation THe last thing that is to bee obserued for the perfecting of this generation is to know where and how they should performe the action but because there are so many diuersities of opinions in this as well as in the former there may bee a doubt of a certainty thereof For some doe wish that the Horse and Mare should go abroad together in some inclosd grounds and likewise if there be more Mares to bee serued to let him goâ— at liberty amongst them all And againe others would haue them to be put together at their owne liberty in some spacious house or barne and there to be serued as chance shall alot And further others hold that to haue the Mare couered in hand is the best Now to show all the inconueniences that may arise through these diuersities would be too tedious to make accompt of euery particuler therefore I will briefly touch them and onely set downe that which is the most approued knowing that all Iudgements will not subscribe to my senses although I haue beene very carefull to select the most probable by reason and experience not often dissenting from all but alwayes from the vnlikeliest But howsoeuer some censures be I hope the wise will bee fauourable for mine is in loue and duty Now if to haue the horse and Mare or Mares to runne together 1. Pr. 7.b. a The inconuenience of letting the horsâ— run at grasse amongst your Mares 1. Pr. 4. a. at grasse I hold of all others it is the worst because their food then is the worst and so cannot produce a perfect temperature of bloud and seed And againe if the horse be at liberty he may come to some mishap either by his owne vnrulinesse oâ— by some stroake of the Mares And further their seeds cannot be perfect although they had the best food because the Horse will cause both himselfe and the Mares to bee of an excessiue heat by fretting and chafing so that their courage a 1. Pra. 7.k. and strength will be much weakened and their seed much dissolued by the violence of heat Moreouer as Mr. Markham saith the horse being at liberty and of courage will so spend The cause of Filly Foales himselfe at the first by disorder that the Mares pride will bee too strong for his in conception and the Foales for the most part will proue Fillies And lastly running amongst the Mares some will be ready and some vnready and then he will serue the readiest first he being in courage and then those which shall be ready after shall be in danger of not holding or else bring forth weake and vncomely foales Neither doe I greatly allow to haue them goe at liberty in a house for so he is also in danger of receiuing some stroke by the Mare and further he may couer the Mare at the first before b The discommoditie of couering the Mares at liberty in the house she be ready and then the next couering will not bee so good because his seed will not be so strong whereby the Colt if she hold will not bee of such comely shape and very like to proue a Filly And likewise hee will spend himselfe too fast being in lust and courage through his disorder and cause her to loose her seed which otherwise she might haue kept Wherefore for the avoyding of all these discommodities the c The surest way is to haue him couer her in your hand best and surest way in my iudgement is to haue the Mare couered in hand for thereby both the Horse and Mare may be gouerned by Mans reason for they being led by their appetite do naturally desire to be get and bring forth not obseruing any order in begetting nor the difference in Colts that are brought forth but according to the old prouerbe they thinke with the Crow that their owne Bird is the fairest But being ruled by Man they shall not spend their seed by any disorder for they may both of them be brought to the height of lust before they How to make your Mare ready for the horse come together For when as you haue refined their seed to a perfect temperature by the order set downe in the sixt Chapter then for the better stirring vp the lust of the Mare let a little stoned Nagge wooe her two or three daies if need be till that you see her haue a desire to take the Horse then take him away hauing a care that hee neuer couer her Then feed them both well some fiue or sixe houres before night that they come together and that the food may haue time to concoct and nourish all the parts of the body whereby they will haue the greater store of seede Then haue the Mare into some close place and let the said Nagge wooe her againe in the sight of the Horse which will greatly prouoke both their lusts Then let the Mare stand so that if it bee possible the horse may haue the heigher ground that he may couer her the more closly and assoone as he commeth How to vse
will be corrupt and vnnaturall and the strength of nourishment taken away by natures operation to releeue the other Wherefore if you mind to haue your Foale sucke all the yeare let her not take the horse that yeare for one Colt well bred will bee worth foure that is contrary and so euery other yeare is sufficient for a Mare to haue a Foale if you desire the true perfection herein But if you minde to take it off before Winter or that you When to waine your Foales perceiue your Mare to be with Foale againe then take off that Foale which sucketh betwixt Michaelmas and Martinmas before the weather bee too cold and the strength of the grasse faile And whereas there is an obiection to the contrary alledging Obiection that if they be taken off so soone it will bee a great weakening and plucking back of their strength and growth and will cause surfets by grosse humors through the raw digestion of grasse and hay which they shall be forced to feed vpon to suffice nature I answere it is true if they runne abroad all Winter from Answer their dammes for it is such a mortall enemy to the designes of this subiect that I would not wish any man to follow it But if you weine them then and take them into the house and giue them good food it will nourish and strengthen them more by many degrees then if they should runne with the Mares Thus hauing spoken of the times when to weine your Foales it resteth to show how to doe it which I would wish after this manner First if your Mare proue Foalesse that yeare then you may let it sucke all Winter and take it off about mid-Aprill or beginning How to Weine your Foales of May and shut it vp in some close house where it shall not heare the Neighing of the Damme and keepe it there with good oates and broken beanes mixt together and let it haue fresh and sweet haye and cleane water euery euening and morning for the space of a Fortnight for by that time it will throughly haue forgotten the Mare and then put it to grasse for by that time also the grasse will haue good substance which before mid-May is but froth and sap But if your Mare proue with Foale then take it off at the beginning of Winter before any great store of cold come and the strength of grasse gone vsing them in all things as is aforesaid onely adding this because the Foale is somewhat young I will wish you to giue it new Milke from the â—ow for a weeke till it hath forgotten the dam and that it fall to eate on such meate as is formerly said And after abate your milke by little and little mixing it with fayre water till you haue taken it cleane away For by this meanes you shall keepe it continually in firme strength and courage And likewise there would 〈◊〉 racke set â—â— in the house to put in Haye and Oates in the Straw and a Cribe to put Prouender in letting the Foale haue good store thereof all winter But whereas it is a generall opinion as a thing of necessity to giue the Foales the second day after their wainening the slips of Sauen or the pouder of Brimstone or the rootes of Enulacampana beaten to pouder in their Prouender and many other such like I differ therein except it be vpon necessity that they paine themselues of the Wormes because these are Phisicall needlesse for a sound body for if there be no excesse for them â— Phisicke weâ—kneth nature if it be needlesse 1. Pra. 7. â— to worke vpon then it will make nature the subiect which will be a weaking thereof For if it weaken a strong body which hath materiall substance then much more a weake body which is but gristles and froth and so of a weake digestion And further if it be giuen them in prouender it will make them loath it and then if nature be not satisfied with the best food it will feed more vpon the worst which will not be so nourishing or else the stomacke will abound with raw and cold humors for want of repletion Hauing thus wintered them you may put them to grasse at such time as is said before for then the weather will be warme and the grasse of full strength and let them runne till Bartholmew-tyde that the grasse beginne to decaye and after let them be serued in the houell with such prouision as I haue showne till after Michaelmes and then house them againe if you haue not many as you did in the Winter before and so euery Winter till they be fit for the Saddle for this profit will insue if there were â— Pra. 11.c. no more by this order they will gaine such strength and courage that they will be more ready for the Saddle at three yeares of age then others of contrary breeding will be at fiue And whereas Maister Morgan doth wish that their stable â— Paued Plaunchers are not good should be paued with stone to the end to make them the more apt to endure the cold and make their Hooses tough and durable I am not of his minde for there is no greater enemy to either young or old Horse then cold and therefore the contrary must needs be the more agreeing to his nature and likewise they will not take their rest so naturally of the hard stones as otherwise they would doe hauing continually litter to lye vpon for I would not haue young Colts to bee stinted to stand all the day for that will cause great weakenesse in them whereas lying at their pleasure vpon warme litter it wil batten them very kindly and also the warmth will purge and expell grosse humors out of their limbs and so make them very cleane and nimble And whereas hee doth say it will make the Hoofes tough A thing contrary to reason and durable he deceiueth himselfe except hee will hold that the more a thing is worne it will be the more durable for with continuall standing and mouing vpon the stones it will both weare and breake their Hoofes so that they will rather be brittle then tough and againe what need a perfect Hoofe any repayring if his assertion were admitted for it is naturally tough and durable of it selfe But if not perfect then the continuall vse of the stones will make it worse for if it be flat then it will Howsoeuer it is taken it cannot be good be in danger of Hoofe-binding in regard the coffin will be so dry that it cannot spreed so fast as the flesh doth grow by reason of the moystnesse of the Frush and if it be brittle the stones will cause it to breake the more Therefore for the remedying of all these dangers I thinke it best that they haue continually store of litter to stand and lye vpon at their pleasures for no c 1. Pra. 7. â— Man can limit a better order then nature it selfe would
he heale men and â—aketh away their paines Neither that I disallow of scowrings for Horses for they are Of the abuse of diet also needfull and necessary but I speake against the abuse of them being vsed without necessity and practised by those that haue no knowledge but vse their fancy without feare or wit Scowrings needfull through scantenesse of meate But through their ignorance they are caused to be more necessary the horses body being distempered by them and againe they are caused to be more needfull through the scanting him of his food in that they will not giue him enough to 1. Pra. 6. satisfie nature and so the retentiue part not hauing sufficient substance after the meaâ—e is concocted the expulsiue part doth d deny its office to expell the excrements whereby it is retained They are vrged also through hot spices so long within the body that it doth heate and dry and so the body is made costiue Or else there is the greater necessity of them by ouerheating the body in giuing him Anise-seeds liquoras and such like to cause him haue as they say long 1. Pra. 12. â— 6. wind that so also the body is bound and becommeth euil affected being food contrary to a Horses nature The effect of abuse of diet And then forsooth to excuse their ignorance affirme the cause thereof to be the hot disposition of the Horse and therefore must haue a scowring the more to afflict and punish The reasons him so that this order of dieting if it be rightly considered is not preseruatiue but rather destructiue For first it hindereth nature by restraining him of his food 1 that it cannot receiue that strength and nourishment it should Secondly it is hindered in that he cannot haue that rest and 2 full feeding the day after his labour which is a meanes to help his strength and lust but he is distempered by scowrings and disquieted of his rest which is worse vnto him then his former daies labour Thirdly it weakneth the Horse for there is no scowring but 3 If it worke vpon the body it is Phisicall and should bee ioyned with rest but here is a double persecution one day to labour and another to take scowrings Fourthly it openeth the pores and his interior organs that he 4 is more apt the next day to take cold going abroad before he get strength and his body be perfect And lastly it is opposite to Art for if the Horse be sound as 5 this must be supposed it weakneth nature by violence not giuing her liberty and time to free her selfe but will force a dissolution before there be any and so hindereth nature which Art tendeth to maintaine for so long as a Horse is strong and lusty Theo. 1. nature hath ability of it selfe to expell her enemies after they be once dissolued Wherefore to leaue these and such like grosse errors to those which doe affect them I would counsell those that wil be counselled to vse such diet as shall keepe their Horses in the best state and health for by that meanes Nature will haue the greater power ouer her enemies which is such feeding as I haue formerly set forth For as Kitching Phisicke is best for a man In the last Chapter except he be dangerously sick so is this natural diet for a horse and vse no restraint but let him be his owne caruer for he will 1. Pr. 2. l eate no more then will suffice nature and it wil keep his body in good temper for I haue seldome seene that those horses which are full fed with such meate to be subiect to costiuenesse and therfore I conclude that those horses which are sound strong need little other scowrings then good meate and their fill of it if they be also ordered as they should when they come into the stable But because no man can treade a path so sure but his foote may He that is much in action shall sometimes miscarry sometimes slip because danger is a companion of labours and likewise no horse though he be neuer so sound but is naturally subiect to sicknesse and diseases and likewise disaster accidents may happen though the man bee neuer so circumspect for as oftentimes a man taketh a sickenesse or a cold which himselfe cannot tell how nor when euen so may a horse and yet the man not know till he perceiue it by some euent because the knowledge None but God knoweth things truely before they happen of man is comprehended in things after they chance and that the sight of his eyes is no substance of light whereby it might penetrate into other substances but onely a procliuity to receiue light from another by accident and so can see no further then the accidents of any thing Therefore because I will not passe from one extreame and goe to another but touch the meane I will not sleight them ouer The meane betwixt the extreames is the best as needlesse seeing they are good in their true vse but will set downe such scowrings as I haue found good by reason and experience and referre them that loues the multiplicity of them to Maister Markhams workes where they may satisfie their desires with variety Wherefore if at any time through a soaring conceipt you Which neglect is not greatly to be excused shall giue your Horse such a strong and sore heate that you finde it hath distempered his body and it becommeth hard and bound so that nature must haue reliefe or else it will turne to a greater euill you shall take Rye meale or the crummes of the A scowring made of Rye and Butter 2. Pra. 12.f. Rye-bread afore expressed in the last Chapter but the Rie crummes I rather preferre and worke it with as much fresh and sweet Butter as will make it like paste and make balls of it to the quantity of a Walnut and giue foure or fiue of them in the morning fasting and then hauing his clothes trust fast about him and wadded round with wispes get vpon his backe and gallop him gently in some greeue close or yard till he beginne to sweat vnder his eares then haue him into the Stable and rub him well and couer him warme letting him stand vpon the bridle an houre or more After giue him a quantity of your Rye bread and let him stand some two houres letting him haue a little hay in his Racke to chaw vpon as his stomacke shall serue then giue him a warme mash to drinke after feed him with prouender 2. Pra. 10. or bread as much as he will and so let him rest giuing him sufficient store of haye in his racke Now this scrowring is so gentle that it doth nothing abate the strength of the Horse and it hath that vertue and operation The vertue and profit of this scowring as it will coole his body and will scoure and purge him of all such glut and
the other excrements lest it should destroy Grease remaining about the heart after it is dissolued is mortall the whole subject and therefore if any remaine dissolued more then nature can expell it cloyeth the heart and stomacke and so becommeth mortall except it be remedied by a new dissolution and purged by scowrings which then is needfull for the helping of nature being oppressed But for the colour of dung after the horse be once cleane it is The colour of his dung is deceitfull also deceiptfull for it may be blacke or tawny by too long keeping in the body the horse not hauing alwayes a like appetite and yet not much hurtfull to him and againe before hee bee cleane hee may haue his dung of a perfect colour not being exercised truely to heat it and also by scowrings or such kind of feeding as many vse which then is like but a counterfeit peice gilt ouer but if you haue all these Characters in the best and your owne practise telleth you they are true then you may affirme his body is of as perfect state as Art and Nature can performe CHAP. 26. Of the necessity and vse of Sweating THere is no meanes so auaileable and necessary to purge a horse from such grosse humors as are ingendred by feeding What Sweating is as sweating is for it is nothing but a superfluous moist excrement left in the flesh and other parts after concoction and is the faculty of action for heat being stirred vp by the percution of motion doth expell it after it is dissolued from the Meta de continentibê° heart and inward parts Wherefore it being an excrement of grosse humors that ariseth of nutrition there is no Horse but must be purged from the same if there be any regard of health or abillity of body for labour in regard that what feeding soeuer a horse hath though The groser the food is themore it will cause the horse to sweat neuer so pure much more being grosse but after concoction there will recide a quantity of this excrement according to the quality of the food and the horse which must be dissolued by heat and expulsed from the inward parts and so distild through the pores of the skinne to euacuate it by sweating or else it will corrupt the blood and breake out into maâ—gy-scabbs and such The purity of the hart causeth agility like because nature desireth to keep the heart free so long as she is able from such infection that it might dwell in a pure and cleane pallace it being the Prince of the vitall powers And further if they be not expulsed by heate of exercise they will cause a sad melancholy to rule in him that he will be so vnlistfull and pursiue that a small labour wil so heate him within as it will ouercome and faint the heart and so cause yeelding his body being made so grose by them as it hath no such tenuity either to euacuate them or that the ayre by his rarity cannot penetrate sufficiently to delay that excesse of heate as may be seene by those horses that haue run at grasse without exercise Wherefore seeing sweates bring such benefit and profit let Sweats are profitable in their true vse them be vsed so as they may produce the best effect for the better knowledge hereof they are giuen to a Horse three manner of waies The first and best is to giue him his sweat abroad without 1 The best way to giue a sweat his cloaths as your breathing courses for it is giuen by action both of winde and body and is most naturall because the heate proceedeth first from the vitall parts within and so doth driue those humors which are dissolued to the outward parts which is distilled through the pores of the skinne and so abateth that superfluity The secondly way is to giue him his heate also abroad but 2 The second way to cause a sweat then it must be in his cloathes which is not so kindly and naturall for where the other had the heate beginning first from within this is more violent because the thickenesse of his cloaths adioyned to his exercise forceth the heate more outwardly and so abateth his strength the more and yet doth not bring him to such purity of winde as the former because it hath not the like exercise nor the humors is not so naturally expeld from the vitall parts Now the last is the worst of all which is to giue him a sweat 3 The third and worst way to cause a sweat in the house by heating cloaths and loading him therewith till he be forced to sweat without any motion Now as I say this is the most vnnaturall and worst being altogether violent for it is prouoked onely from the outward parts hauing its beginning there by the heate of fire and of the cloaths that are heated therewith which casteth the Horse into such extremity of Sweating in the house as ill as a stoue heate that it as it were smothereth his vitall spirits and weakneth him as if it were a stoue whereby it doth farre more hurt then any way good Wherefore if through the vnseasonablenesse of the weather you cannot giue your horse such a heat neare vnto your race as you would rather then you vse either of these violent sweats go halfe a dozen miles to seeke a place where you may breathe him which though it be but halfe a mile yet it may be inlarged by often doubling which will worke farre better effect then either A slender naturall heat is better then sweating by cloaths of the other for you dwell in a very vnfit place if there be not such a plot in that distance either of dead fog or sandy way to yeeld you that releife But if your horse be an old strained horse yet recouered again but so as you dare not heate him when the weather is hard by frosts for renewing it whereby you are in danger of loosing the wager then you may make a vertue of necessity although I would not wish any man to be too confident in lame Horses and giue him his heate abroad in his cloaths first by galloping him till he be in a full sweate which when he is haue him presently home and straw good store of litter vnder him and laye more cloaths vpon him then stuffe him round with great wisps round about his heart before his brest so keep him stirring to and fro for halfe an houre hauing a cloath to wipe the sweat from his face and neck as it ariseth and when he hath sweat sufficiently abate his cloaths by little and little till he come to his ordinary cloathing then rub him and vse him as after his breathing courses and let the first drinke he drinketh be a warme to mash for that will cause the grosse humors that are dissolued purge away with his dung it will also comfort him after that peircing sweat but in any
Suppossitary for any inward Sicknesse IF your Horse be so exceeding weake and sicke that you dare not administer to him inwardly by the stomacke you shall take of common Honey sixe ounces of Wheat flower one ounce of Salt-Niter one ounce and a halfe of Anise-seeds in fine pouder one ounce boyle these to a hard thicknesse and then make it into Suppossitaries and hauing anoynted your hand well with oyle Oliue thrust it vp into the Horses foundament and then hold downe his tayle hard for a good space after CHAP. 4. A Glister to cure any inward Sicknesse TAke of the oyle of Dill of the oyle of Camomile of Cassia and of the oyle of Vyolets of each halfe an ounce of brown Sugar-candy three ounces of Mallowes halfe a handfull boyle these to a decoction in running water and then administer it to the Horse in manner of a glister and in the extremity of any sicknesse it is a certaine cure CHAP. 5. For the Yellowes FIrst let the Horse blood in the necke veine and according to the goodnesse or badnesse of the blood so proportionate the quantity you take away then take a quart of sweet wine or for want thereof a quart of strong Ale or Beare then put to it foure sponfull of the Iuice of Selladine and halfe so much of the iuice of Rue and let them boyle on the fire then take it off and straine into it halfe an ounce of the best English Saffron and three ounces of the best honey and so giue it the Horse luke-warme to drinke then Rake him vp and downe a little and so set him vp warme suffring him to fast two howers after and giue him to drinke with his meate a sweet mash but no cold water by any meanes CHAP. 6. An excellent Pill for the Yellowes TAke halfe a pound of the best Honey and of Safforn beaten to very fine powder and the meale of Fene-greeke of each a like quantity and mixe them with the honey till it come to a stiffe paste then deuide it into two seuerall bals and dipping them in sweet Sallet oyle draw out the horses tongue and force him to swallow them then ride him vp and downe an howre and more and so set him vp warme alwaies prouided that you euer let him blood in the necke veyne first and if you also let him blood in his eie veynes and in the roofe of his mouth it will be much better because the chawing and swallowing of his owne blood is exceeding wholsome and Souereine CAHP. 7. For the Staggers FIrst by all meanes let him blood in the necke veine and let him bleed very well for the abundance of blood is the cause of the disease then with an incision knife open the skinne of the forehead as high as the fore-top and with a cornet rayse vp the skinne and put in two or three cloues of Garlike and then stitch vp the hole close againe with a needle and a little silke and then binding a little flaxe or lint to the wound be sure to keepe out the wind or ayre which may doe hurt Then take of the seed of Cresses the seed of Poppye the seed of Smallagde the seede of Parsley the seed of Dill of Pepper and of Saffron of each of these two ounces beate them all to a very fine pouder then put them to a pottell of Barley water and then straine it very well through a strayner and giue the Horse a quart thereof to drinke early in the morning fasting and then Rake him vp and down gently an houre or more and so set him vp and sprinkle his hay with water but let him drinke no cold water till he be well recouered CHAP. 8. For any extreame cold whatsoeuer or of what nature soeuer TAke of Cloues of Nutmegs of Ginger of Galls or the fruit of Oaks and of Cardimonium of each a like quantity of Fenell seed some what more then of the rest beate and searse all these to a very fine pouder then put two spoonfull thereof to a quart of White wine and straine in two penyworth of the best English Saffron and then beate in the yolke of a couple of egs and so giue it the Horse to drinke early in the morning and then ayre him abroad two howres or more and be sure to keep him warme and by no meanes let him drinke cold water nor let him eate any hay but what is sprinkled with water and once a day which should be at noone if the time of the yeare serue giue him the tender greene crops of Reeds or Sallowes to eate from your hand for they are very souereine and thus doe diuers mornings together and it will not onely clense away all manner of cold but also open his conduits and set his winde at liberty CHAP. 9. For the Lax or Fluxe of Body by any meanes TAke Wood-ashes finely searced and mixe them with as much Bolarmonyacke made into fine pouder and mixing it well with his water let him drinke thereof morning and euening and it will stay his scowring but if it be so violent by either the eating of a feather or any other poyson that this will not stay it then take the intrals of a Hen or Pullet and mixing them with an ounce of Spycknard cause the Horse to swallow it and it will presently stay the Fluxe CHAP. 10. For a Horse that is Hyde-boundâ—r in great pouerty TAke of clarified hogges-grease two ounces of the iuice of Dragant-worte one ounce of Incense halfe an ounce of the Sirrop of Roses three ounces dissolue all these in a pint and a halfe of honyed water on a soft fire and giue it the Horse to drinke fasting in the morning and exercise him a little thereon then set him vp warme and let him fast two or three howers and it will Scowre out all his infection loosen his skin and make him feed very sodainly after CHAP. 11. An excellent receipt for the pissing of blood FIrst clense his yard if any filth or corruption be barkt therevnto by washing it with Butter and Beere made warme together then let the Horse blood in the necke veine and lastly take the water or iuice of Leekes or of Onyons that is the water wherein they haue beene steeped twelue houres at least and close stopped to the quantity of a pint then as much White wine and iumble it well together till it looke slymie then giue it the Horse to drinke and doe thus diuers mornings and it will stay that flux of blood and bring his vrine to the naturall and ordinary colour CHAP. 12. A most excellent receipt for the Stone or for a Horse that cannot pisse but drop by drop TAke of Saxifrage of Nettle roots of Parsley rootes of Fenell roots of Sperage roots of Dodder of each of these a little handfull boyle all these on a gentle fire in a pottell of White wine till a third part bee consumed then put in a handfull of Salt of oyle Oliue and the Larde