can_v oblige_v the_o conscience_n against_o force_n for_o when_o authority_n can_v protect_v it_o can_v command_v civil_a society_n be_v institute_v for_o mutual_a defence_n but_o when_o i_o be_o out_o of_o the_o protection_n of_o civil_a authority_n my_o natural_a liberty_n of_o self-defence_n return_v if_o a_o man_n fall_v among_o thief_n he_o may_v make_v the_o best_a term_n with_o they_o for_o his_o life_n that_o he_o can_v and_o no_o law_n can_v deny_v he_o this_o liberty_n for_o self-preservation_n be_v a_o natural_a right_n and_o nature_n be_v superior_a to_o human_a law_n and_o of_o great_a force_n it_o do_v not_o hence_o follow_v that_o the_o mere_a oppression_n of_o government_n restore_v this_o natural_a liberty_n because_o we_o have_v grant_v away_o this_o right_n of_o self-defence_n by_o enter_v into_o society_n and_o god_n have_v take_v it_o away_o by_o forbid_v we_o to_o resist_v authority_n and_o it_o be_v a_o very_a different_a thing_n to_o defend_v ourselves_o when_o authority_n can_v defend_v we_o and_o to_o defend_v ourselves_o against_o authority_n the_o first_o we_o have_v not_o grant_v away_o the_o second_o be_v against_o the_o fundamental_a reason_n of_o humane_a government_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o society_n suppose_v that_o while_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o government_n be_v secure_v we_o must_v sacrifice_v our_o private_a right_n and_o interest_n to_o public_a peace_n and_o order_n but_o it_o be_v never_o the_o intention_n of_o human_a government_n to_o deny_v man_n the_o right_a of_o self-defence_n when_o authority_n can_v not_o protect_v they_o this_o be_v the_o case_n of_o slave_n and_o captive_n of_o besiege_a city_n and_o garrison_n who_o have_v a_o natural_a right_o to_o submit_v to_o the_o conqueror_n when_o their_o own_o prince_n can_v relieve_v they_o and_o this_o whole_o wave_v the_o dispute_n about_o authority_n for_o whatever_o authority_n may_v be_v suppose_v to_o remain_v in_o the_o prince_n his_o authority_n be_v at_o a_o end_n as_o to_o those_o person_n who_o he_o can_v protect_v as_o civil_a society_n themselves_o must_v dissolve_v and_o all_o their_o authority_n end_n when_o they_o can_v defend_v themselves_o and_o when_o any_o subject_n be_v deliver_v from_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o prince_n who_o can_v protect_v they_o in_o pay_v their_o allegiance_n to_o he_o they_o be_v at_o liberty_n to_o make_v the_o best_a composition_n they_o can_v with_o that_o prince_n in_o who_o power_n they_o be_v and_o to_o become_v his_o subject_n and_o when_o they_o have_v bind_v themselves_o to_o he_o by_o oath_n their_o former_a allegiance_n be_v utter_o extinct_a when_o we_o be_v at_o liberty_n from_o one_o prince_n we_o may_v make_v ourselves_o subject_n to_o another_o and_o when_o we_o have_v do_v so_o we_o can_v owe_v allegiance_n to_o none_o but_o he_o to_o confirm_v all_o this_o i_o observe_v far_o that_o the_o law_n of_o particular_a country_n be_v subordinate_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o must_v give_v place_n to_o they_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n i_o mean_v such_o law_n as_o from_o the_o reason_n and_o nature_n of_o thing_n and_o by_o common_a practice_n and_o implicit_a consent_n be_v make_v the_o rule_n and_o measure_n of_o justice_n between_o sovereign_a prince_n and_o independent_a state_n now_o as_o i_o have_v already_o show_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n prince_n by_o a_o just_a conquest_n may_v acquire_v a_o just_a title_n to_o the_o conquer_a prince_n throne_n and_o if_o prince_n may_v acquire_v such_o a_o new_a right_n and_o title_n it_o be_v certain_a subject_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n may_v own_v such_o a_o new-acquired_n right_o for_o the_o universal_a reason_n of_o mankind_n must_v over-rule_v private_a and_o national_a constitution_n for_o every_o man_n be_v a_o member_n of_o the_o universe_n and_o a_o citizen_n of_o the_o world_n as_o well_o as_o a_o subject_a of_o a_o parricular_a kingdom_n and_o the_o more_o universal_a obligation_n always_o take_v place_n of_o particular_a obligation_n for_o they_o be_v prior_n obligation_n and_o suppose_v in_o that_o which_o be_v particular_a which_o therefore_o can_v derogate_v from_o they_o and_o it_o will_v be_v very_o strange_a if_o a_o prince_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n may_v acquire_v a_o new_a right_n and_o yet_o it_o shall_v be_v unlawful_a for_o subject_n to_o own_o his_o right_n nay_o the_o universal_a consent_n and_o practice_n of_o all_o nation_n both_o of_o prince_n and_o people_n have_v make_v this_o the_o stand_a law_n of_o all_o revolution_n to_o submit_v to_o the_o prevail_a power_n even_o when_o there_o be_v no_o pretence_n of_o right_n but_o only_o force_v no_o people_n ever_o scruple_v this_o till_o of_o late_a upon_o principle_n of_o conscience_n though_o the_o law_n and_o liberty_n of_o a_o nation_n have_v make_v some_o struggle_n to_o the_o last_o to_o shake_v off_o the_o yoke_n of_o a_o usurper_n the_o primitive_a christian_n comply_v with_o all_o the_o revolution_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o never_o dispute_v the_o right_n and_o title_n of_o their_o new_a emperor_n and_o those_o who_o can_v find_v out_o legal_a right_n for_o all_o their_o emperor_n be_v well_o qualify_v if_o they_o so_o please_v to_o be_v advocates-general_a for_o all_o the_o usurper_n that_o ever_o be_v in_o the_o world_n but_o the_o christian_n of_o those_o day_n never_o concern_v themselves_o either_o with_o make_v or_o unmake_v emperor_n but_o take_v they_o as_o they_o find_v they_o and_o believe_v they_o all_o to_o be_v set_v up_o by_o god_n as_o be_v evident_a from_o tertullian_n apology_n the_o christian_a bishop_n of_o those_o day_n submit_v even_o to_o maximus_n himself_o and_o though_o sulpicius_n severus_n tell_v we_o they_o be_v censure_v for_o their_o forward_a and_o flatter_a courtship_n to_o that_o tyrant_n yet_o no_o man_n blame_v they_o for_o their_o bare_a submission_n and_o obedience_n to_o he_o as_o emperor_n which_o st._n martin_n himself_o do_v though_o he_o treat_v he_o at_o first_o with_o a_o monkish_a liberty_n and_o rudeness_n the_o eruption_n of_o goth_n and_o vandal_n furnish_v we_o with_o as_o many_o example_n of_o this_o as_o they_o obtain_v conquest_n for_o there_o be_v no_o christian_n find_v so_o hardy_a in_o those_o day_n as_o to_o dispute_v their_o title_n and_o reserve_v their_o allegiance_n for_o their_o emperor_n and_o to_o this_o day_n it_o be_v as_o constant_o practise_v without_o any_o scruple_n as_o there_o be_v city_n and_o garrison_n besiege_v surrender_a or_o take_v and_o that_o before_o any_o composition_n make_v by_o the_o prince_n who_o subject_n they_o be_v alleg._n the_o duty_n of_o alleg._n as_o a_o late_a author_n insinuate_v contrary_a to_o the_o know_a and_o visible_a daily_a practice_n of_o all_o people_n this_o be_v what_o all_o prince_n expect_v from_o the_o subject_n of_o other_o prince_n when_o they_o fall_v into_o their_o power_n by_o the_o success_n of_o war_n and_o therefore_o what_o in_o reason_n they_o must_v allow_v their_o own_o and_o such_o a_o general_a consent_n of_o prince_n and_o people_n make_v a_o stand_a law_n for_o revolution_n and_o no_o man_n loyalty_n or_o fidelity_n to_o prince_n ought_v to_o suffer_v even_o in_o opinion_n upon_o this_o account_n nay_o far_o the_o law_n of_o our_o country_n which_o be_v the_o rule_n and_o measure_n of_o our_o civil_a government_n can_v never_o oblige_v subject_n to_o the_o overthrow_n of_o all_o government_n yet_o shall_v these_o jacobite_v principle_n take_v place_n that_o we_o must_v upon_o no_o pretence_n own_o any_o king_n but_o the_o rightful_a lineal_a heir_n while_o he_o be_v live_v many_o case_n may_v so_o happen_v wherein_o subject_n must_v be_v bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o own_v no_o government_n thus_o it_o must_v necessary_o be_v whenever_o the_o rightful_a king_n can_v govern_v and_o yet_o no_o body_n else_o must_v when_o he_o be_v conquer_a and_o drive_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o subject_n must_v not_o own_o the_o conqueror_n though_o they_o can_v have_v no_o other_o prince_n to_o govern_v they_o i_o will_v only_o desire_v these_o man_n to_o tell_v i_o whether_o any_o law_n can_v oblige_v man_n to_o live_v under_o no_o government_n to_o dissolve_v civil_a society_n into_o a_o state_n of_o anarchy_n if_o there_o be_v such_o a_o law_n make_v it_o will_v be_v a_o void_a nay_o a_o impious_a law_n as_o be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o law_n of_o god_n who_o have_v create_v man_n a_o sociable_a creature_n and_o institute_v civil_a society_n for_o the_o government_n of_o mankind_n and_o be_v it_o not_o as_o unreasonable_a then_o to_o expound_v any_o law_n to_o such_o a_o sense_n as_o shall_v oblige_v subject_n to_o dissolve_v the_o government_n of_o the_o nation_n as_o far_o as_o in_o they_o lie_v and_o not_o to_o own_o any_o authority_n but_o force_n whenever_o they_o
for_o a_o legal_a right_n as_o the_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v may_v be_v lose_v by_o conquest_n or_o part_v with_o by_o resignation_n or_o by_o abdication_n and_o desertion_n and_o that_o the_o late_a king_n have_v so_o desert_v his_o throne_n as_o to_o make_v it_o not_o only_o lawful_a but_o even_o necessary_a for_o his_o subject_n to_o fill_v it_o again_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o for_o those_o who_o insist_v on_o king_n james_n right_n to_o say_v that_o he_o be_v rightful_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o that_o he_o be_v once_o rightful_a king_n which_o be_v all_o that_o they_o pretend_v to_o for_o though_o he_o be_v once_o a_o rightful_a king_n he_o may_v now_o neither_o be_v a_o king_n nor_o have_v any_o right_a to_o be_v king_n ii_o another_o question_n be_v whether_o king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n be_v the_o rightful_a king_n and_o queen_n of_o england_n now_o have_v king_n james_n die_v before_o the_o pretend_a birth_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n this_o have_v be_v no_o question_n for_o then_o queen_n mary_n have_v be_v the_o undoubted_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o in_o she_o right_o and_o by_o consent_n of_o the_o princess_n anne_n allow_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o estate_n king_n william_n have_v be_v the_o rightful_a and_o legal_a king_n now_o if_o king_n james_n part_v with_o his_o right_a and_o crown_v together_o by_o forsake_v his_o government_n and_o leave_v his_o throne_n vacant_a and_o the_o estate_n have_v a_o right_n if_o they_o please_v to_o fill_v it_o there_o can_v be_v no_o more_o pretence_n of_o right_n upon_o the_o late_a king_n account_n than_o if_o he_o have_v be_v dead_a and_o as_o for_o the_o pretend_a prince_n of_o wales_n at_o best_a his_o birth_n be_v so_o very_o doubtful_a that_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n for_o the_o estate_n to_o reject_v the_o next_o undoubted_a heir_n for_o he_o especial_o when_o the_o king_n refuse_v to_o submit_v that_o 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case_n as_o certain_o it_o be_v there_o can_v be_v no_o dispute_n whether_o their_o present_a majesty_n be_v rightful_a king_n and_o queen_n iii_o a_o three_o question_n be_v how_o far_o those_o who_o be_v not_o satisfy_v in_o their_o own_o private_a judgement_n whether_o the_o late_a king_n james_n have_v lose_v his_o right_n and_o their_o present_a majesty_n be_v rightful_o advance_v to_o the_o throne_n may_v own_o and_o pay_v their_o allegiance_n to_o their_o present_a majesty_n now_o if_o we_o do_v but_o allow_v that_o this_o be_v matter_n of_o dispute_n all_o dispute_n about_o legal_a right_n must_v be_v determine_v by_o a_o legal_a authority_n and_o private_a subject_n must_v acquiesce_v in_o such_o determination_n unless_o we_o will_v dissolve_v civil_a society_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o some_o dispute_v legal_a right_n since_o then_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n who_o be_v the_o high_a atuhority_n when_o there_o be_v no_o king_n on_o the_o throne_n have_v determine_v this_o matter_n private_a subject_n have_v nothing_o now_o to_o do_v with_o it_o in_o matter_n which_o concern_v civil_a government_n they_o must_v follow_v the_o public_a judgement_n which_o be_v the_o rule_n and_o measure_n of_o civil_a obedience_n in_o contradiction_n to_o their_o own_o private_a opinion_n where_o the_o dispute_n be_v only_o about_o civil_a and_o legal_a not_o about_o natural_a and_o moral_a right_n private_a subject_n must_v own_v he_o for_o their_o king_n who_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o royal_a authority_n by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o who_o alone_o it_o belong_v to_o judge_v authoritative_o about_o such_o matter_n iu._n but_o the_o last_o and_o great_a difficulty_n of_o all_o still_o remain_v viz._n suppose_v king_n james_n shall_v land_n in_o england_n with_o a_o military_a force_n to_o demand_v the_o crown_n what_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n be_v bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o do_v which_o side_n they_o ought_v to_o take_v whether_o they_o must_v fight_v for_o the_o late_a king_n james_n against_o their_o present_a majesty_n or_o for_o their_o present_a majesty_n against_o the_o late_a king_n james_n now_o if_o king_n james_n have_v lose_v his_o crown_n and_o his_o right_n to_o it_o and_o king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n be_v rightful_o possess_v of_o the_o throne_n which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o case_n this_o will_v admit_v of_o no_o dispute_n for_o it_o be_v certain_a we_o ought_v to_o fight_v for_o our_o rightful_a king_n and_o queen_n against_o one_o who_o have_v be_v king_n but_o be_v no_o king_n now_o nor_o have_v any_o right_n ever_o to_o be_v king_n again_o but_o there_o be_v no_o absolute_a necessity_n of_o insist_v upon_o right_n it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o determine_v the_o case_n only_o to_o say_v that_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n require_v we_o to_o fight_v for_o our_o king_n against_o he_o who_o be_v no_o king_n and_o he_o be_v king_n who_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n own_o to_o be_v king_n that_o be_v he_o who_o be_v place_v on_o the_o throne_n and_o invest_v with_o the_o royal_a authority_n with_o all_o usual_a and_o accustom_a solemnity_n by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n a_o legal_a investiture_n make_v a_o legal_a king_n and_o the_o law_n require_v our_o allegiance_n to_o such_o a_o king_n that_o be_v all_o legal_a obedience_n and_o defence_n and_o the_o law_n be_v the_o measure_n of_o legal_a right_n whatever_o right_o then_o any_o prince_n may_v pretend_v to_o the_o throne_n if_o the_o law_n do_v not_o allow_v private_a subject_n to_o take_v cognizance_n of_o such_o right_n against_o a_o legal_a possessor_n if_o it_o do_v not_o extinguish_v yet_o at_o least_o it_o limit_n suspend_v and_o set_v aside_o such_o right_n in_o such_o case_n that_o they_o be_v to_o subject_n as_o if_o they_o be_v not_o and_o as_o the_o law_n can_v make_v and_o create_v legal_a right_n so_o it_o can_v limit_v and_o set_v bound_n to_o they_o and_o determine_v in_o what_o case_n and_o to_o what_o effect_v and_o purpose_v they_o shall_v be_v right_n and_o they_o be_v legal_a right_n no_o far_o but_o beside_o this_o it_o be_v worth_a observe_n that_o the_o law_n do_v not_o allow_v civil_a and_o legal_a right_n to_o be_v dispute_v and_o determine_v by_o the_o sword_n for_o that_o be_v a_o dissolution_n of_o civil_a authority_n and_o civil_a government_n and_o therefore_o no_o subject_n can_v be_v bind_v at_o any_o time_n by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n to_o fight_v for_o a_o suppose_a or_o pretend_v right_o against_o a_o legal_a possessor_n we_o be_v bind_v to_o fight_v for_o our_o king_n to_o defend_v his_o person_n crown_n and_o dignity_n but_o it_o be_v for_o a_o king_n who_o the_o law_n own_o to_o be_v king_n that_o be_v who_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o royal_a authority_n by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o be_v actual_o on_o the_o throne_n according_a to_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o all_o civil_a society_n the_o dispute_n about_o the_o legal_a right_n must_v be_v determine_v by_o the_o judgement_n and_o sentence_n of_o a_o competent_a authority_n not_o by_o the_o sword_n which_o can_v decide_v no_o question_n but_o which_o side_n be_v strong_a a_o appeal_n to_o the_o sword_n against_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o last_o authority_n put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o authority_n of_o law_n and_o consequent_o be_v no_o part_n of_o legal_a obedience_n and_o defence_n and_o then_o i_o can_v guess_v how_o any_o subject_n shall_v be_v bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o fight_v for_o the_o mere_a right_n of_o a_o prince_n whatever_o opinion_n he_o may_v have_v of_o his_o right_n against_o a_o legal_a possessor_n of_o the_o throne_n nay_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o subject_n be_v bind_v in_o conscience_n not_o to_o do_v it_o as_o much_o as_o they_o be_v bind_v not_o to_o fight_v against_o civil_a authority_n and_o government_n nor_o be_v this_o to_o fight_v for_o wrong_n or_o to_o fight_v against_o right_n where_o ever_o we_o suppose_v the_o right_a to_o be_v for_o we_o neither_o fight_n for_o or_o against_o either_o which_o the_o law_n and_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o civil_a constitution_n will_v not_o allow_v but_o we_o sight_n for_o our_o king_n against_o all_o his_o enemy_n at_o home_n or_o abroad_o as_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n require_v we_o to_o do_v and_o what_o right_o soever_o any_o prince_n have_v when_o he_o come_v to_o dispute_v it_o with_o the_o sword_n subject_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o defend_v the_o possessor_n against_o he_o and_o to_o leave_v the_o dispute_n of_o right_n of_o the_o judgement_n and_o determination_n of_o a_o proper_a tribunal_n thus_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n his_o present_a majesty_n do_v though_o he_o come_v with_o the_o sword_n in_o his_o hand_n it_o be_v not_o to_o try_v his_o cause_n by_o the_o sword_n but_o to_o refer_v his_o cause_n to_o a_o free_a parliament_n and_o to_o procure_v such_o a_o parliament_n by_o the_o sword_n which_o nothing_o but_o the_o sword_n can_v obtain_v in_o short_a when_o a_o prince_n challenge_v his_o right_n by_o the_o sword_n it_o be_v seldom_o see_v that_o his_o own_o content_n he_o if_o he_o win_v his_o crown_n he_o make_v himself_o master_n also_o of_o his_o subject_n right_n and_o may_v carve_v out_o what_o kind_n of_o power_n or_o government_n he_o please_v with_o a_o conquer_a sword_n and_o therefore_o whatever_o obligation_n subject_n shall_v be_v suppose_v to_o lie_v under_o to_o the_o rightful_a heir_n they_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o make_v he_o a_o conqueror_n which_o be_v to_o make_v themselves_o slave_n if_o he_o please_v they_o can_v fight_v for_o his_o right_n without_o fight_v against_o their_o own_o and_o against_o the_o right_n and_o liberty_n of_o their_o country_n which_o be_v proof_n enough_o that_o no_o civil_a constitution_n can_v allow_v of_o fight_v for_o the_o crown_n such_o thing_n have_v be_v and_o such_o thing_n will_v be_v but_o the_o question_n be_v what_o subject_n be_v bind_v in_o conscience_n in_o such_o case_n to_o do_v and_o unless_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o enslave_v themselves_o and_o their_o country_n they_o can_v never_o be_v bind_v to_o suffer_v much_o less_o to_o assist_v any_o prince_n whatever_o his_o pretence_n be_v to_o seize_v the_o crown_n by_o conquest_n this_o be_v a_o good_a argument_n against_o any_o prince_n who_o will_v force_v his_o way_n to_o the_o throne_n which_o be_v already_o fill_v by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o it_o be_v a_o unanswerable_a argument_n in_o our_o present_a case_n we_o know_v the_o late_a king_n james_n too_o well_o to_o trust_v he_o with_o a_o conquest_n if_o we_o can_v help_v it_o and_o we_o know_v the_o french_a king_n too_o well_o to_o receive_v his_o troop_n among_o we_o if_o we_o can_v keep_v they_o out_o and_o those_o who_o conscience_n command_v they_o to_o assist_v the_o late_a king_n to_o conquer_v their_o country_n need_v some_o other_o cure_n than_o argument_n to_o convince_v they_o but_o this_o have_v be_v so_o full_o state_v in_o the_o two_o letter_n to_o a_o friend_n concern_v the_o french_a invasion_n that_o i_o shall_v refer_v my_o reader_n for_o far_a satisfaction_n to_o those_o letter_n finis_fw-la
a_fw-la enquiry_n into_o the_o nature_n and_o obligation_n of_o legal_a right_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o popular_a plea_n of_o the_o late_a k._n james_n remain_v right_a to_o the_o crown_n license_v london_n print_v by_o thomas_n hodgkin_n 1693._o a_fw-la enquiry_n into_o the_o nature_n and_o obligation_n of_o legal_a right_n etc._n etc._n it_o seem_v to_o i_o a_o needless_a task_n to_o prove_v to_o protestant_n that_o it_o be_v more_o for_o their_o spiritual_a and_o temporal_a interest_n to_o have_v a_o protestant_n than_o a_o popish_a king_n and_o queen_n and_o therefore_o i_o can_v apprehend_v any_o great_a danger_n to_o their_o majesty_n government_n from_o those_o scandalous_a libel_n which_o be_v write_v with_o some_o art_n and_o disperse_v with_o great_a diligence_n to_o raise_v and_o foment_n new_a discontent_n those_o be_v very_o sanguine_a man_n who_o hope_v to_o persuade_v we_o that_o our_o liberty_n and_o property_n will_v be_v more_o secure_a and_o that_o the_o church_n of_o england_n will_v flourish_v better_o under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o late_a king_n if_o he_o return_v than_o under_o the_o government_n of_o king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n we_o remember_v how_o it_o late_o be_v and_o we_o feel_v how_o it_o be_v at_o present_a and_o if_o we_o can_v trust_v our_o memory_n and_o our_o sense_n all_o the_o wit_n of_o man_n can_v impose_v upon_o we_o in_o so_o plain_a a_o matter_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o the_o argument_n from_o interest_n tie_v the_o subject_n of_o england_n in_o the_o fast_o bond_n of_o duty_n and_o allegiance_n to_o their_o present_a majesty_n but_o the_o law_n of_o justice_n and_o righteousness_n ought_v to_o have_v a_o great_a authority_n over_o mankind_n than_o all_o other_o temporal_a consideration_n and_o at_o one_o time_n or_o other_o they_o will_n and_o therefore_o while_o man_n be_v persuade_v that_o how_o advantageous_a soever_o the_o late_a revolution_n may_v prove_v it_o be_v found_v in_o injustice_n no_o other_o argument_n but_o force_n will_v for_o any_o long_a time_n be_v able_a to_o keep_v the_o late_a king_n out_o or_o to_o establish_v their_o present_a majesty_n in_o the_o throne_n which_o show_v that_o other_o argument_n be_v lose_v labour_n till_o the_o dispute_n of_o right_n and_o wrong_n be_v better_a clear_v and_o though_o there_o have_v be_v many_o wise_a thing_n say_v about_o it_o it_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v state_v to_o a_o general_n satisfaction_n the_o government_n of_o the_o late_a king_n give_v great_a reason_n to_o his_o subject_n to_o be_v willing_a to_o part_v with_o he_o whenever_o he_o will_v set_v they_o at_o liberty_n and_o therefore_o if_o king_n james_n have_v suffer_v no_o injustice_n but_o what_o he_o have_v do_v himself_o if_o he_o have_v deliver_v his_o subject_n from_o their_o allegiance_n and_o if_o king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n be_v legal_o invest_v with_o the_o royal_a power_n and_o be_v the_o legal_a king_n and_o queen_n of_o england_n it_o will_v be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o make_v all_o man_n who_o love_v the_o peace_n and_o prosperity_n their_o religion_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o their_o country_n to_o be_v easy_a and_o satisfy_v and_o thankful_a for_o such_o a_o change_n and_o to_o state_n this_o matter_n plain_o to_o silence_v this_o pretence_n of_o right_n and_o justice_n on_o the_o late_a king_n side_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o inquire_v what_o right_a prince_n have_v to_o their_o throne_n this_o may_v at_o first_o be_v think_v a_o dangerous_a enquiry_n but_o it_o will_v appear_v to_o have_v no_o hurt_n in_o it_o and_o the_o loud_a clamour_n about_o right_n which_o disquiet_v so_o many_o man_n mind_n and_o disturb_v the_o peace_n and_o settlement_n of_o these_o kingdom_n and_o daily_o threaten_v we_o with_o new_a convulsion_n or_o revolution_n make_v it_o absolute_o necessary_a at_o this_o time_n to_o say_v some_o few_o plain_a truth_n which_o carry_v their_o own_o evidence_n and_o conviction_n with_o they_o which_o will_v do_v no_o wrong_n to_o prince_n and_o will_v do_v great_a right_n to_o subject_n the_o whole_a resolution_n of_o this_o matter_n depend_v upon_o one_o single_a question_n if_o so_o plain_a a_o case_n may_v be_v call_v a_o question_n viz._n whether_o prince_n have_v a_o natural_a or_o only_o a_o legal_a right_n to_o their_o throne_n i_o think_v i_o may_v reasonable_o enough_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v without_o dispute_v that_o no_o prince_n have_v any_o other_o right_o to_o his_o throne_n but_o what_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n or_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n give_v he_o for_o though_o some_o man_n have_v dispute_v warm_o for_o the_o natural_a and_o patriarchal_a right_n of_o king_n yet_o they_o have_v so_o few_o follower_n and_o the_o hypothesis_n itself_o be_v so_o new_a and_o build_v upon_o such_o uncertain_a conjecture_n and_o so_o contrary_a to_o plain_a matter_n of_o fact_n and_o the_o universal_a practice_n of_o all_o nation_n that_o it_o be_v not_o worth_a any_o man_n contend_v about_o whoever_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o know_v the_o mystery_n of_o this_o may_v read_v the_o second_o dialogue_n of_o the_o bibliotheca_fw-la politica_fw-la and_o try_v if_o he_o can_v make_v any_o thing_n of_o it_o for_o who_o know_v what_o the_o paternal_a and_o patriarchal_a authority_n be_v whether_o it_o be_v a_o civil_a and_o political_a or_o only_o a_o oeconomical_a authority_n such_o as_o parent_n still_o have_v over_o their_o child_n or_o not_o much_o more_o who_o know_v how_o this_o authority_n descend_v and_o what_o difference_n there_o be_v between_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o supreme_a father_n and_o of_o the_o immediate_a father_n over_o their_o own_o child_n whether_o this_o by_o natural_a right_n do_v not_o make_v the_o whole_a world_n one_o monarchy_n under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o lineal_a heir_n of_o the_o elder_a family_n and_o how_o come_v the_o world_n then_o contrary_a to_o natural_a right_n to_o be_v canton_v into_o so_o many_o absolute_a and_o independent_a monarchy_n do_v not_o this_o damn_v all_o republic_n and_o commonwealth_n as_o usurpation_n upon_o the_o natural_a right_n of_o monarchy_n for_o if_o the_o natural_a right_n of_o government_n be_v in_o the_o natural_a heir_n all_o other_o form_n of_o government_n beside_o monarchy_n be_v contrary_a to_o nature_n and_o a_o usurpation_n upon_o natural_a right_n but_o be_v all_o this_o as_o it_o will_v where_o be_v the_o monarch_n this_o day_n in_o the_o world_n that_o derive_v his_o pedigree_n and_o lineal_a descent_n from_o some_o ancient_a pataiarch_n who_o have_v this_o natural_a right_n of_o government_n do_v we_o not_o know_v what_o the_o original_a of_o many_o monarchy_n have_v be_v and_o what_o change_v they_o have_v suffer_v how_o pirate_n and_o robber_n have_v advance_v themselves_o to_o royal_a dignity_n and_o found_v new_a kingdom_n and_o begin_v a_o race_n of_o new_a king_n and_o be_v all_o these_o the_o lineal_a heir_n of_o those_o kingdom_n they_o subdue_v and_o yet_o how_o can_v they_o have_v the_o natural_a patriarchal_a right_n of_o government_n without_o it_o for_o natural_a right_n can_v never_o be_v sparate_v from_o those_o natural_a relation_n which_o create_v they_o these_o be_v very_o great_a absurdity_n and_o yet_o i_o must_v do_v these_o man_n this_o right_a that_o unless_o you_o can_v find_v a_o paternal_a patriarchal_a right_n there_o can_v be_v no_o natural_a right_n to_o civil_a government_n for_o there_o be_v no_o other_o natural_a right_n of_o government_n but_o only_o the_o natural_a authority_n of_o father_n for_o we_o be_v now_o speak_v of_o the_o right_n to_o government_n not_o of_o the_o nature_n and_o quality_n of_o it_o and_o therefore_o though_o we_o shall_v grant_v that_o king_n succeed_v to_o the_o paternal_a authority_n that_o they_o have_v now_o the_o same_o authority_n over_o their_o subject_n that_o father_n ancient_o have_v over_o their_o child_n which_o i_o doubt_v if_o true_o state_v will_v satisfy_v but_o few_o king_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o hence_o follow_v that_o they_o have_v the_o same_o natural_a right_n to_o their_o throne_n which_o father_n have_v to_o their_o authority_n there_o may_v be_v several_a different_a right_n to_o the_o same_o kind_n of_o authority_n but_o he_o who_o be_v not_o in_o the_o paternal_a line_n nor_o by_o primogeniture_n inherit_v the_o father_n right_a can_v have_v a_o natural_a paternal_a right_n for_o as_o for_o natural_a descent_n in_o a_o hereditary_a monarchy_n where_o the_o next_o lineal_a heir_n succeed_v to_o the_o crown_n who_o we_o common_o style_v a_o natural_a prince_n and_o a_o prince_n bear_v who_o be_v the_o natural_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n which_o be_v his_o birthright_n it_o be_v plain_a this_o be_v not_o a_o natural_a right_n but_o the_o effect_n of_o law_n for_o if_o this_o be_v the_o right_n of_o nature_n
only_o that_o legal_a title_n and_o legal_a authority_n may_v be_v part_v from_o each_o other_o but_o that_o legal_a title_n and_o legal_a authority_n may_v be_v rightful_o separate_v from_o the_o person_n to_o who_o they_o be_v once_o due_a which_o natural_a right_n can_v never_o be_v a_o king_n may_v cease_v to_o be_v a_o king_n though_o a_o father_n can_v never_o cease_v to_o be_v a_o father_n for_o law_n have_v not_o the_o same_o force_n and_o power_n that_o nature_n have_v all_o man_n confess_v this_o may_v be_v do_v by_o a_o voluntary_a resignation_n which_o dive_v such_o a_o prince_n of_o all_o right_a and_o authority_n to_o govern_v and_o if_o it_o may_v be_v do_v any_o way_n his_o right_a and_o authority_n be_v not_o inseparable_a from_o his_o person_n our_o adversary_n indeed_o will_v not_o allow_v that_o a_o king_n can_v lose_v his_o right_n unless_o he_o voluntary_o part_n with_o it_o himself_o and_o therefore_o that_o no_o man_n can_v be_v king_n while_o a_o former_a king_n be_v live_v and_o that_o god_n himself_o can_v advance_v a_o king_n to_o the_o throne_n while_o any_o one_o be_v live_v who_o ever_o have_v a_o right_n to_o that_o throne_n and_o never_o resign_v his_o right_n because_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o justice_n to_o give_v away_o the_o throne_n from_o a_o prince_n who_o have_v the_o right_a to_o it_o as_o if_o god_n have_v not_o a_o original_a right_n to_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o world_n but_o be_v confine_v to_o human_a right_n and_o claim_n in_o make_v or_o unmake_v king_n but_o if_o a_o king_n can_v part_v with_o his_o kingship_n it_o be_v possible_a he_o may_v lose_v it_o too_o for_o there_o be_v usual_o more_o way_n than_o one_o of_o part_v with_o that_o which_o may_v be_v part_v with_o and_o beside_o what_o be_v grant_v viz._n a_o voluntary_a resignation_n i_o shall_v consider_v two_o other_o conquest_n and_o abdication_n 1._o conquest_n which_o i_o do_v not_o mention_v as_o if_o i_o think_v this_o to_o be_v our_o case_n that_o we_o be_v a_o conquer_a people_n and_o that_o king_n william_n ascend_v the_o throne_n by_o conquest_n for_o whatever_o may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o conquest_n of_o king_n james_n who_o be_v either_o force_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n or_o leave_v they_o voluntary_o if_o the_o first_o he_o be_v conquer_a if_o the_o second_o he_o abdicate_v in_o the_o most_o proper_a sense_n and_o i_o know_v no_o medium_n between_o they_o yet_o the_o people_n of_o england_n be_v not_o conquer_a nor_o do_v the_o king_n ever_o pretend_v any_o such_o right_n to_o the_o throne_n but_o let_v this_o be_v as_o it_o will_v all_o i_o intend_v at_o present_a be_v to_o convince_v these_o man_n that_o the_o crown_n may_v be_v lose_v by_o conquest_n which_o may_v extinguish_v old_a right_n and_o begin_v a_o new_a one_o and_o deliver_v subject_n from_o their_o allegiance_n to_o a_o conquer_a prince_n that_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la king_n do_v lose_v their_o crown_n by_o conquest_n that_o many_o great_a revolution_n of_o state_n and_o kingdom_n be_v owe_v to_o this_o cause_n and_o that_o no_o nation_n ever_o make_v a_o scruple_n of_o conscience_n about_o submit_v to_o a_o conqueror_n be_v plain_a beyond_o denial_n but_o the_o question_n be_v quo_fw-la jure_fw-la how_o a_o conqueror_n can_v gain_v a_o right_n to_o a_o throne_n which_o another_o prince_n have_v a_o legal_a right_n to_o and_o how_o subject_n though_o conquer_a can_v transfer_v their_o allegiance_n from_o the_o rightful_a prince_n to_o the_o conqueror_n who_o have_v no_o other_o right_n but_o his_o sword_n and_o i_o shall_v distinct_o consider_v this_o with_o respect_n to_o prince_n and_o with_o respect_n to_o subject_n now_o the_o general_a answer_n to_o both_o be_v this_o that_o legal_a right_n can_v reach_v no_o far_o than_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n nor_o oblige_v any_o person_n who_o they_o do_v not_o oblige_v nor_o oblige_v any_o long_a than_o the_o law_n oblige_v these_o be_v self-evident_a proposition_n and_o need_v no_o proof_n for_o right_n which_o be_v found_v only_o on_o law_n can_v reach_v no_o far_o nor_o last_v any_o long_a than_o the_o law_n do_v 1._o in_o the_o first_o place_n then_o with_o reference_n to_o prince_n no_o legal_a right_o that_o any_o prince_n have_v to_o his_o throne_n can_v debar_v another_o foreign_a independent_a prince_n in_o case_n of_o a_o just_a quarrel_n to_o subdue_v and_o conquer_v and_o take_v his_o crown_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n which_o give_v a_o prince_n his_o crown_n do_v not_o oblige_v foreign_a prince_n but_o only_a subject_n the_o law_n of_o particular_a country_n be_v law_n only_o to_o themselves_o but_o there_o be_v no_o law_n between_o sovereign_a prince_n but_o the_o law_n of_o natural_a justice_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n the_o right_n of_o prince_n with_o respect_n to_o each_o other_o be_v only_a possession_n which_o be_v the_o only_a right_a man_n can_v have_v to_o any_o thing_n in_o a_o state_n of_o nature_n before_o the_o form_n of_o civil_a society_n and_o with_o they_o legal_a property_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o any_o man_n in_o a_o state_n of_o nature_n may_v just_o be_v turn_v out_o of_o his_o possession_n a_o prince_n may_v still_o with_o equal_a justice_n be_v turn_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n by_o another_o prince_n and_o the_o prince_n who_o conquer_v in_o a_o just_a war_n may_v seize_v the_o throne_n of_o the_o conquer_a prince_n and_o if_o he_o be_v place_v there_o by_o the_o consent_n and_o submission_n of_o the_o people_n be_v no_o usurper_n upon_o either_o prince_n or_o people_n but_o a_o rightful_a prince_n who_o begin_v a_o new_a legal_a title_n how_o indefeasible_a soever_o a_o prince_n right_o be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n that_o be_v no_o rule_n to_o foreign_a prince_n so_o they_o do_v not_o violate_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n nor_o the_o natural_a rule_n of_o justice_n in_o seize_v his_o throne_n and_o whenever_o the_o crown_n may_v be_v just_o take_v it_o be_v just_o lose_v and_o there_o need_v neither_o the_o death_n nor_o the_o resignation_n of_o the_o legal_a king_n to_o give_v a_o just_a title_n to_o the_o conqueror_n possible_o there_o have_v seldom_o be_v any_o such_o just_a war_n or_o just_a conquest_n but_o it_o be_v enough_o to_o my_o purpose_n if_o such_o there_o may_v be_v and_o i_o think_v no_o man_n doubt_n but_o that_o there_o may_v be_v just_a cause_n of_o war_n and_o a_o just_a war_n will_v make_v the_o conquest_n just_a if_o any_o prince_n or_o state_n be_v injurious_a to_o their_o neighbour_n the_o injure_a prince_n may_v demand_v satisfaction_n and_o if_o it_o be_v deny_v may_v take_v it_o himself_o as_o every_o private_a man_n may_v do_v in_o a_o state_n of_o nature_n when_o there_o be_v no_o superion_n to_o judge_v between_o they_o which_o bring_v such_o a_o dispute_n to_o the_o decision_n of_o the_o sword_n which_o be_v the_o only_a redress_n of_o injury_n when_o there_o be_v no_o civil_a authority_n to_o judge_v between_o they_o and_o yet_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o fight_v if_o it_o be_v unlawful_a to_o conquer_v and_o not_o only_o to_o do_v himself_o right_a but_o prevent_v suture_a wrong_n from_o the_o injurious_a prince_n for_o a_o prince_n to_o invade_v the_o dominion_n of_o another_o prince_n or_o to_o assist_v such_o a_o aspire_a monarch_n to_o enslave_v his_o neighbour_n be_v a_o just_a cause_n for_o the_o injure_a prince_n and_o their_o confederate_n to_o oppose_v force_n to_o force_n to_o fight_v and_o conquer_v if_o they_o can_v and_o take_v the_o crown_n of_o such_o injurious_a prince_n nay_o it_o have_v be_v always_o account_v not_o bare_o a_o just_a cause_n of_o war_n but_o a_o heroical_a act_n to_o subdue_v tyrant_n and_o rescue_v their_o oppress_a subject_n who_o either_o can_v or_o must_v not_o defend_v themselves_o to_o vindicate_v the_o injure_a and_o oppress_v be_v what_o all_o mankind_n not_o only_o allow_v but_o applaud_v private_a man_n may_v do_v this_o against_o private_a oppressor_n by_o a_o course_n of_o law_n where_o they_o be_v under_o law_n or_o by_o private_a force_n where_o they_o be_v not_o prince_n who_o have_v the_o power_n of_o the_o sword_n may_v repress_v violence_n and_o injustice_n wherever_o they_o see_v it_o for_o though_o they_o have_v no_o superior_a authority_n over_o each_o other_o person_n nor_o jurisdiction_n in_o each_o other_o kingdom_n yet_o be_v under_o no_o authority_n neither_o nor_o any_o law_n which_o forbid_v their_o redress_v injury_n and_o relieve_v the_o oppress_a it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v a_o fault_n that_o it_o be_v great_a and_o generous_a to_o do_v it_o every_o man_n in_o a_o state_n of_o nature_n where_o there_o be_v no_o civil_a law_n nor_o government_n