the_o whole_a duty_n of_o man_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n by_o that_o famous_a civilian_n samvel_n puffendorf_n professor_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n in_o the_o university_n of_o heidelberg_n and_o in_o the_o caroline_n university_n afterward_o counsellor_n and_o historiographer_n to_o the_o k._n of_o sweden_n and_o to_o his_o electoral_a highness_n of_o brandenburg_n now_o make_v english_a license_v and_o enter_v according_a to_o law_n quod_fw-la ad_fw-la nos_fw-la pertinet_fw-la &_o nescire_fw-la malum_fw-la est_fw-la agitamus_fw-la hor._n s._n 2._o 7._o london_n print_v by_o benj._n motte_n for_o charles_n harper_n at_o the_o flower-de-luce_n over-against_o s._n dunstan_n church_n fleetstreet_n mdcxci_o to_o his_o honour_a friend_n mr._n george_n white_a of_o london_n merchant_z this_o tractate_n concern_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v offer_v dedicate_v present_v by_o his_o humble_a and_o most_o oblige_a servant_n the_o translator_n to_o the_o reader_n the_o translator_n have_v observe_v in_o most_o of_o the_o dispute_n wherewith_o the_o present_a age_n be_v disquiet_v frequent_a appeal_n make_v and_o that_o very_o proper_o from_o law_n and_o ordinance_n of_o a_o mean_a rank_n to_o the_o everlasting_a law_n of_o nature_n give_v himself_o the_o pain_n to_o turn_v over_o several_a writer_n on_o that_o subject_a he_o chance_v he_o think_v with_o great_a reason_n to_o entertain_v a_o opinion_n that_o this_o author_n be_v the_o clear_a the_o full_a and_o the_o most_o unprejudiced_a of_o any_o he_o meet_v with_o and_o hereupon_o that_o he_o may_v the_o better_o possess_v himself_o of_o his_o reason_n he_o attempt_v to_o render_v the_o work_n into_o mother-tongue_n after_o he_o have_v first_o endeavour_v to_o set_v several_a better_a hand_n upon_o the_o undertake_n who_o all_o for_o one_o reason_n or_o other_o decline_v the_o toil._n he_o think_v when_o it_o be_v do_v it_o may_v be_v as_o acceptable_a to_o one_o or_o other_o to_o read_v it_o as_o it_o have_v be_v to_o himself_o to_o translate_v it_o if_o he_o have_v not_o do_v right_o to_o the_o author_n as_o he_o hope_v he_o have_v not_o miss_v in_o any_o material_a point_n he_o be_v very_o willing_a to_o be_v correct_v the_o work_n it_o be_v true_a be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o epitome_n of_o the_o author_n be_v large_a volume_n but_o have_v be_v extract_v and_o publish_v by_o himself_o the_o reader_n can_v be_v under_o any_o doubt_n but_o that_o he_o have_v the_o quintessence_n of_o what_o be_v there_o deliver_v what_o be_v pare_v off_o be_v most_o case_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n refutation_n of_o other_o author_n and_o some_o notion_n too_o fine_a and_o unnecessary_a for_o a_o manual_a concern_v the_o author_n it_o be_v enough_o to_o say_v that_o he_o have_v sure_o have_v as_o great_a regard_n pay_v he_o from_o personage_n of_o the_o high_a degree_n as_o perhaps_o ever_o be_v give_v to_o the_o most_o learned_a of_o man_n be_v invite_v from_o his_o native_a country_n first_o by_o the_o elector_n palatine_n to_o be_v professor_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n in_o the_o university_n of_o heidelberg_n then_o by_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n to_o honour_v his_o new-raised_a academy_n by_o accept_v the_o same_o charge_n therein_o and_o afterward_o be_v admit_v of_o the_o council_n and_o make_v historiographer_n both_o to_o the_o same_o king_n and_o to_o his_o electoral_a highness_n of_o brandenburg_n where_o except_o he_o be_v very_o late_o dead_a he_o live_v at_o this_o time_n in_o the_o great_a respect_n of_o all_o man_n of_o sense_n and_o understanding_n the_o author_n preface_n have_v not_o the_o custom_n which_o have_v so_o general_o obtain_v among_o learned_a man_n almost_o procure_v to_o itself_o the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n it_o may_v seem_v altogether_o superfluous_a to_o premise_v a_o word_n concern_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o present_a undertake_n the_o thing_n itself_o plain_o declare_v my_o whole_a design_n to_o be_v the_o give_v as_o short_a and_o yet_o if_o i_o mistake_v not_o as_o plain_a and_o perspicuous_a a_o compendium_n of_o the_o most_o material_a article_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o be_v possible_a and_o this_o lest_o if_o those_o who_o betake_v themselves_o to_o this_o sort_n of_o study_n shall_v enter_v the_o vast_a field_n of_o knowledge_n without_o have_v full_o imbibe_v the_o rudiment_n thereof_o shall_v at_o first_o sight_n be_v terrify_v and_o confound_v by_o the_o copiousness_n and_o difficulty_n of_o the_o matter_n occur_v therein_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n it_o seem_v plain_o a_o very_a expedient_a work_n for_o the_o public_a that_o the_o mind_n of_o youth_n especial_o shall_v be_v early_o imbue_v with_o that_o moral_a learning_n for_o which_o they_o will_v have_v such_o manifest_a occasion_n and_o so_o frequent_a use_n through_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o the_o life_n and_o although_o i_o have_v always_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o work_n deserve_v no_o great_a honour_n to_o epitomise_v the_o large_a write_n of_o other_o and_o more_o especial_o one_o own_n yet_o have_v thus_o do_v out_o of_o submission_n to_o the_o command_a authority_n of_o my_o superior_n i_o hope_v no_o honest_a man_n will_v blame_v i_o for_o have_v endeavour_v hereby_o the_o improvement_n of_o the_o understanding_n of_o young_a man_n more_o particular_o to_o who_o so_o great_a regard_n be_v to_o be_v have_v that_o whatsoever_o work_n be_v undertake_v for_o their_o sake_n though_o it_o may_v not_o be_v capable_a of_o great_a acuteness_n or_o splendid_a eloquence_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v account_v unworthy_a of_o any_o man_n pain_n beside_o that_o no_o man_n in_o his_o wit_n will_v deny_v that_o these_o principle_n thus_o lay_v down_o be_v more_o conducive_a to_o the_o understanding_n of_o all_o law_n in_o general_n than_o any_o element_n of_o the_o law_n civil_a can_v be_v and_o this_o may_v have_v suffice_v for_o the_o present_a but_o i_o be_o mind_v by_o some_o that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a to_o lay_v down_o some_o few_o particular_n which_o will_v conduce_v much_o to_o a_o right_a understanding_n of_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o for_o the_o better_a ascertain_v its_o just_a bound_n and_o limit_n and_o this_o i_o have_v be_v the_o more_o ready_a to_o do_v that_o i_o may_v on_o this_o occasion_n obviate_v the_o pretence_n of_o some_o overnice_a gentleman_n who_o be_v apt_a to_o pass_v their_o squeamish_a censure_n on_o this_o sort_n of_o learning_n which_o in_o many_o instance_n be_v whole_o separate_v from_o their_o province_n now_o it_o be_v very_o manifest_a that_o man_n derive_v the_o knowledge_n of_o their_o duty_n and_o what_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v do_v or_o to_o be_v avoid_v in_o this_o life_n as_o it_o be_v from_o three_o spring_n or_o fountain-head_n to_o wit_n from_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n from_o the_o law_n and_o constitution_n of_o country_n and_o from_o the_o special_a revelation_n of_o almighty_a god_n from_o the_o first_o of_o these_o proceed_v all_o those_o most_o common_a and_o ordinary_a duty_n of_o a_o man_n more_o particular_o those_o that_o constitute_v he_o a_o sociable_a creature_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n from_o the_o second_o be_v derive_v all_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o man_n as_o he_o be_v a_o member_n of_o any_o particular_a city_n or_o commonwealth_n from_o the_o three_o result_v all_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o christian_a man._n and_o from_o hence_o proceed_v three_o distinct_a science_n the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n common_a to_o all_o nation_n the_o second_o be_v of_o the_o civil_a or_o municipal_a law_n peculiar_a to_o each_o country_n which_o be_v or_o may_v be_v as_o manifold_a and_o various_a as_o there_o be_v different_a state_n and_o government_n in_o the_o world_n the_o three_o be_v moral_a divinity_n as_o it_o be_v contra-distinct_a to_o that_o part_n of_o divinity_n which_o explain_v the_o article_n of_o our_o faith_n each_o of_o these_o science_n have_v a_o peculiar_a way_n of_o prove_v their_o maxim_n according_a to_o their_o own_o principle_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n assert_n that_o this_o or_o that_o thing_n ought_v to_o be_v do_v because_o from_o right_a reason_n it_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o same_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o society_n among_o man_n of_o civil_a law_n and_o constitution_n the_o supreme_a reason_n be_v the_o will_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n the_o obligation_n of_o moral_a divinity_n lie_v whole_o in_o this_o because_o god_n in_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n have_v so_o command_v now_o as_o the_o civil_a law_n presuppose_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o the_o more_o general_a science_n so_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n contain_v in_o the_o civil_a law_n wherein_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v altogether_o silent_a we_o must_v not_o therefore_o
conclude_v that_o the_o one_o be_v any_o way_n repugnant_a to_o the_o other_o in_o like_a manner_n if_o in_o moral_a divinity_n some_o thing_n be_v deliver_v as_o from_o divine_a revelation_n which_o by_o our_o reason_n we_o be_v not_o able_a to_o comprehend_v and_o which_o upon_o that_o score_n be_v above_o the_o reach_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o will_v be_v very_o absurd_a from_o hence_o to_o set_v the_o one_o against_o the_o other_o or_o to_o imagine_v that_o there_o be_v any_o real_a inconsistency_n between_o these_o science_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n if_o any_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v presuppose_v because_o so_o much_o may_v be_v infer_v from_o reason_n they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v put_v in_o opposition_n to_o those_o thing_n which_o the_o holy_a scripture_n on_o that_o subject_n deliver_v with_o great_a clearness_n but_o they_o be_v only_o to_o be_v take_v in_o a_o abstract_a sense_n thus_o for_o example_n from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n abstract_v from_o the_o account_n we_o receive_v thereof_o in_o holy_a writ_n there_o may_v be_v form_v a_o idea_n of_o the_o condition_n and_o state_n of_o the_o first_o man_n as_o he_o come_v into_o the_o world_n only_o so_o far_o as_o be_v within_o the_o comprehension_n of_o humane_a reason_n now_o to_o set_v those_o thing_n in_o opposition_n to_o what_o be_v deliver_v in_o sacred_a writ_n concern_v the_o same_o state_n will_v be_v the_o great_a folly_n and_o madness_n in_o the_o world_n but_o as_o it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o reconcile_v the_o civil_a law_n with_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n so_o it_o seem_v a_o little_a more_o difficult_a to_o set_v certain_a bound_n between_o the_o same_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o moral_a divinity_n and_o to_o define_v in_o what_o particular_n chief_o they_o differ_v one_o from_o the_o other_o and_o upon_o this_o subject_a i_o shall_v deliver_v my_o opinion_n brief_o not_o with_o any_o papal_a authority_n as_o if_o i_o be_v exempt_v from_o all_o error_n by_o any_o peculiar_a right_n or_o privilege_n neither_o as_o one_o who_o pretend_v to_o any_o enthusiastic_a revelation_n but_o only_o as_o be_v desirous_a to_o discharge_v that_o province_n which_o i_o have_v undertake_v according_a to_o the_o best_a of_o my_o ability_n and_o as_o i_o be_o willing_a to_o hear_v all_o candid_a and_o ingenuous_a person_n who_o can_v inform_v i_o better_o and_o be_o very_o ready_a to_o retract_v what_o i_o have_v say_v amiss_o so_o i_o do_v not_o value_v those_o pragmatical_a and_o positive_a censurer_n and_o busybody_n who_o bold_o concern_v themselves_o with_o thing_n which_o no_o way_n belong_v to_o they_o of_o these_o person_n we_o have_v a_o very_a ingenious_a character_n give_v by_o phaedrus_n they_o run_v about_o say_v he_o as_o mighty_o concern_v they_o be_v very_o busy_a even_o when_o they_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v they_o puff_v and_o blow_v without_o any_o occasion_n they_o be_v uneasy_a to_o themselves_o and_o troublesome_a to_o every_o body_n else_o now_o the_o chief_a distinction_n whereby_o these_o science_n be_v separate_v from_o one_o another_o proceed_v from_o the_o different_a source_n or_o spring_n whence_o each_o derive_v its_o principle_n and_o of_o which_o i_o have_v already_o discourse_v from_o whence_o it_o follow_v if_o there_o be_v some_o thing_n which_o we_o be_v enjoin_v in_o holy_a writ_n either_o to_o do_v or_o forbear_v the_o necessity_n whereof_o can_v be_v discover_v by_o reason_n alone_o they_o be_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o out_o of_o the_o cognizance_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o proper_o to_o appertain_v to_o moral_a divinity_n moreover_o in_o divinity_n the_o law_n be_v consider_v as_o it_o have_v the_o divine_a promise_n annex_v to_o it_o and_o with_o relation_n to_o the_o covenant_n between_o god_n and_o man_n from_o which_o consideration_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n abstract_n because_o the_o other_o derive_v itself_o from_o a_o particular_a revelation_n of_o god_n almighty_n and_o which_o reason_n alone_o can_v not_o have_v find_v out_o beside_o too_o there_o be_v this_o great_a difference_n in_o that_o the_o main_a end_n and_o design_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v include_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o this_o life_n only_o and_o so_o thereby_o a_o man_n be_v inform_v how_o he_o be_v to_o live_v in_o society_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n but_o moral_a divinity_n instruct_v a_o man_n how_o to_o live_v as_o a_o christian_a who_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o live_v honesty_n and_o virtuous_o in_o this_o world_n but_o be_v beside_o in_o earnest_a expectation_n of_o the_o reward_n of_o his_o piety_n after_o this_o life_n and_o therefore_o he_o have_v his_o conversation_n in_o heaven_n but_o be_v here_o only_o as_o a_o stranger_n and_o a_o pilgrim_n for_o although_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n do_v with_o very_o great_a ardency_n pursue_v after_o immortality_n and_o be_v extreme_o averse_a to_o its_o own_o destruction_n and_o thence_o it_o be_v that_o most_o of_o the_o heathen_n have_v a_o strong_a persuasion_n of_o the_o separate_a state_n of_o the_o soul_n from_o the_o body_n and_o that_o then_o good_a man_n shall_v be_v reward_v and_o evil_a man_n punish_v yet_o notwithstanding_o such_o a_o strong_a assurance_n of_o the_o certainty_n hereof_o upon_o which_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n can_v firm_o and_o entire_o depend_v be_v to_o be_v derive_v only_o from_o the_o word_n of_o god_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o dictate_v of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v adapt_v only_o to_o humane_a judicature_n which_o do_v not_o extend_v itself_o beyond_o this_o life_n and_o it_o will_v be_v absurd_a in_o many_o respect_n to_o apply_v they_o to_o the_o divine_a forum_n which_o concern_v itself_o only_o about_o theology_n from_o whence_o this_o also_o follow_v that_o because_o humane_a judicature_n regard_v only_o the_o external_a action_n of_o man_n but_o can_v no_o way_n reach_v the_o inward_a thought_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o do_v not_o discover_v themselves_o by_o any_o outward_a sign_n or_o effect_v therefore_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n exercise_v in_o form_v the_o outward_a action_n of_o men._n but_o moral_a divinity_n do_v not_o content_v itself_o in_o regulate_v only_o the_o exterior_a action_n but_o be_v more_o peculiarly_a intent_n in_o form_v the_o mind_n and_o its_o internal_a motion_n agreeable_a to_o the_o good_a pleasure_n of_o the_o divine_a be_v disallow_v those_o very_a action_n which_o outward_o look_v well_o enough_o but_o proceed_v from_o a_o impure_a and_o corrupt_a mind_n and_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n do_v not_o so_o frequent_o treat_v of_o those_o action_n that_o be_v enjoin_v under_o certain_a penalty_n by_o humane_a law_n as_o it_o do_v of_o those_o which_o as_o seneca_n express_v it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o any_o such_o constitution_n and_o this_o will_v manifest_o appear_v to_o those_o who_o shall_v careful_o consider_v the_o precept_n and_o virtue_n that_o be_v therein_o inculcate_v although_o even_o those_o christian_a virtue_n do_v very_o much_o dispose_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n towards_o the_o maintain_n of_o mutual_a society_n so_o likewise_o moral_a divinity_n do_v mighty_o promote_v the_o practice_n of_o all_o the_o main_a duty_n that_o be_v enjoin_v we_o in_o our_o civil_a deportment_n so_o that_o if_o you_o shall_v observe_v any_o one_o behave_v himself_o like_o a_o restless_a and_o troublesome_a member_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n you_o may_v fair_o conclude_v that_o the_o christian_a religion_n have_v make_v but_o a_o very_a slight_a impression_n on_o that_o person_n and_o that_o it_o have_v take_v no_o root_n in_o his_o heart_n and_o from_o these_o particular_n i_o suppose_v may_v be_v easy_o discover_v not_o only_o the_o certain_a bound_n and_o limit_n which_o distinguish_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o we_o have_v defin_n do_v it_o from_o moral_a divinity_n but_o it_o may_v likewise_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v no_o way_n repugnant_a to_o the_o maxim_n of_o sound_a divinity_n but_o be_v only_o to_o be_v abstract_v from_o some_o particular_a doctrine_n thereof_o which_o can_v be_v fathom_v by_o the_o help_n of_o reason_n alone_o from_o whence_o also_o it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o in_o the_o science_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n a_o man_n shall_v be_v now_o consider_v as_o be_v deprave_v in_o his_o very_a nature_n and_o upon_o that_o account_n as_o a_o creature_n subject_a to_o many_o vile_a inclination_n for_o although_o none_o can_v be_v so_o stupid_a as_o not_o to_o discover_v in_o himself_o many_o evil_a and_o inordinate_a affection_n nevertheless_o unless_o we_o be_v inform_v so_o much_o by_o sacred_a writ_n it_o will_v not_o appear_v that_o this_o rebellion_n of_o the_o will_n be_v
occasion_v by_o the_o first_o man_n transgression_n and_o consequent_o since_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v not_o reach_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v above_o reason_n it_o will_v be_v very_o preposterous_a to_o derive_v it_o from_o the_o state_n of_o man_n as_o it_o be_v uncorrupt_a before_o the_o fall_n especial_o since_o even_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o precept_n of_o the_o decalogue_n as_o they_o be_v deliver_v in_o negative_a term_n do_v manifest_o presuppose_v the_o deprave_a state_n of_o man._n thus_o for_o example_n in_o the_o first_o and_o second_o commandment_n it_o seem_v to_o be_v suppose_v that_o mankind_n be_v natural_o prone_a to_o the_o belief_n of_o polytheism_n and_o idolatry_n for_o if_o you_o shall_v consider_v man_n as_o in_o his_o primitive_a state_n wherein_o he_o have_v a_o clear_a and_o distinct_a knowledge_n of_o the_o deity_n as_o it_o be_v by_o a_o peculiar_a revelation_n i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o it_o can_v ever_o enter_v into_o the_o thought_n of_o such_o a_o one_o to_o frame_v any_o thing_n to_o himself_o to_o which_o he_o can_v pay_v reverence_n instead_o of_o or_o together_o with_o the_o true_a god_n or_o to_o believe_v any_o divinity_n to_o reside_v in_o that_o which_o his_o own_o hand_n have_v form_v therefore_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o lay_v a_o injunction_n upon_o he_o in_o negative_a term_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o worship_v other_o god_n but_o this_o plain_a affirmative_a precept_n will_v have_v be_v sufficient_a thou_o shall_v love_v honour_n and_o adore_v god_n who_o you_o know_v to_o have_v create_v both_o yourself_o and_o the_o whole_a universe_n and_o the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o three_o commandment_n for_o why_o shall_v it_o be_v forbid_v in_o a_o negative_a precept_n to_o blaspheme_v god_n to_o such_o a_o one_o who_o have_v at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o clear_a and_o perfect_a understanding_n of_o his_o bounty_n and_o majesty_n and_o who_o be_v actuate_v by_o no_o inordinate_a affection_n and_o who_o mind_n do_v cheerful_o acquiesce_v in_o that_o condition_n wherein_o he_o be_v place_v by_o almighty_a god_n how_o can_v such_o a_o one_o be_v guilty_a of_o so_o great_a madness_n but_o he_o need_v only_o to_o have_v be_v admonish_v by_o this_o affirmative_a precept_n that_o he_o shall_v glorify_v the_o name_n of_o god_n but_o it_o seem_v otherwise_o of_o the_o four_o and_o five_o commandment_n which_o as_o they_o be_v affirmative_a precept_n neither_o do_v they_o necessary_o presuppose_v the_o deprave_a state_n of_o man_n they_o may_v be_v admit_v mankind_n be_v consider_v as_o under_o either_o condition_n but_o the_o thing_n be_v very_o manifest_a in_o relation_n to_o the_o other_o commandment_n which_o concern_v our_o neighbour_n for_o it_o will_v suffice_v plain_o to_o have_v enjoin_v man_n consider_v as_o he_o be_v at_o first_o create_v by_o god_n that_o he_o shall_v love_v his_o neighbour_n whereto_o he_o be_v beforehand_o incline_v by_o his_o own_o nature_n but_o how_o can_v the_o same_o person_n be_v command_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o kill_v when_o death_n have_v not_o as_o yet_o fall_v on_o mankind_n which_o enter_v into_o the_o world_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o sin_n but_o now_o there_o be_v very_o great_a need_n of_o such_o a_o negative_a command_n when_o instead_o of_o love_v one_o another_o there_o be_v stir_v up_o so_o great_a feud_n and_o animosity_n among_o man_n that_o even_o a_o great_a part_n of_o they_o be_v owe_v pure_o to_o envy_n or_o a_o inordinate_a desire_n of_o invade_v what_o belong_v to_o another_o so_o that_o they_o make_v no_o scruple_n not_o only_o of_o destroy_v those_o that_o be_v innocent_a but_o even_o their_o friend_n and_o such_o as_o have_v do_v they_o signal_n favour_n and_o all_o this_o forsooth_o they_o be_v not_o ashamed_a to_o disguise_v under_o the_o specious_a pretence_n of_o religion_n and_o conscience_n in_o like_a manner_n what_o need_n be_v there_o express_o to_o forbid_v adultery_n among_o those_o marry_a person_n who_o mutual_a love_n be_v so_o ardent_a and_o sincere_a or_o what_o occasion_n be_v there_o to_o forbid_v theft_n when_o as_o yet_o covetousness_n and_o poverty_n be_v not_o know_v nor_o do_v any_o man_n think_v that_o proper_o his_o own_o which_o may_v be_v useful_a or_o profitable_a to_o another_o or_o to_o what_o purpose_n be_v it_o to_o forbid_v the_o bear_n false_a witness_n when_o as_o yet_o there_o be_v not_o any_o to_o be_v find_v who_o seek_v after_o honour_n and_o reputation_n to_o themselves_o by_o slander_v and_o asperse_v other_o with_o false_a and_o groundless_a calumny_n so_o that_o not_o unfit_o you_o may_v here_o apply_v the_o say_v of_o tacitus_n vetustissimi_fw-la mortalium_fw-la nulla_fw-la adhuc_fw-la prava_fw-la libidine_fw-la sine_fw-la probro_fw-la scelere_fw-la eoque_fw-la sine_fw-la poena_fw-la aut_fw-la coercitionibus_fw-la agebant_fw-la &_o ubi_fw-la nihil_fw-la contra_fw-la morem_fw-la cuperent_fw-la nihil_fw-la per_fw-la metum_fw-la vetabantur_fw-la whilst_o no_o corrupt_a desire_n deprave_v mankind_n the_o first_o man_n live_v without_o sin_n and_o wickedness_n and_o therefore_o free_a from_o restraint_n and_o punishment_n and_o whereas_o they_o covet_v nothing_o but_o what_o be_v their_o due_n they_o be_v bar_v from_o nothing_o by_o fear_n and_o these_o thing_n be_v right_o understand_v may_v clear_v the_o way_n for_o remove_v this_o doubt_n whether_o the_o law_n be_v different_a or_o the_o same_o in_o the_o primitive_a state_n of_o nature_n before_o the_o fall_n where_o it_o may_v be_v brief_o answer_v that_o the_o most_o material_a head_n of_o the_o law_n be_v the_o same_o in_o each_o state_n but_o that_o many_o particular_a precept_n do_v vary_v according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o condition_n of_o mankind_n or_o rather_o that_o the_o same_o summary_n of_o the_o law_n be_v explain_v by_o divers_a but_o not_o contrary_a precept_n according_a to_o the_o different_a state_n of_o man_n by_o who_o that_o law_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v our_o saviour_n reduce_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o law_n to_o two_o head_n love_n god_n and_o love_v thy_o neighbour_n to_o these_o the_o whole_a law_n of_o nature_n may_v be_v refer_v as_o well_o in_o the_o primitive_a as_o in_o the_o deprave_a state_n of_o man_n unless_o that_o in_o the_o primitive_a state_n there_o seem_v not_o any_o or_o a_o very_a small_a difference_n between_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o moral_a divinity_n for_o that_o mutual_a society_n which_o we_o lay_v down_o as_o a_o foundation_n to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n may_v very_o well_o be_v resolve_v into_o the_o love_n of_o our_o neighbour_n but_o when_o we_o descend_v to_o particular_a precept_n there_o be_v indeed_o a_o very_a great_a difference_n both_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o command_n and_o prohibition_n and_o as_o to_o what_o concern_v the_o command_n there_o be_v many_o which_o have_v place_n in_o this_o state_n of_o mankind_n which_o seem_v not_o to_o have_v be_v necessary_a in_o the_o primitive_a state_n and_o that_o partly_o because_o they_o presuppose_v such_o a_o condition_n as_o it_o be_v not_o certain_a can_v happen_v to_o that_o most_o happy_a state_n of_o mankind_n partly_o because_o there_o can_v be_v no_o notion_n of_o they_o without_o admit_v misery_n and_o death_n which_o be_v unknown_a there_o as_o for_o instance_n we_o be_v now_o enjoin_v by_o the_o precept_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n not_o to_o deceive_v one_o another_o in_o buy_v or_o sell_v not_o to_o make_v use_n of_o false_a weight_n or_o measure_n to_o repay_v money_n that_o be_v lend_v at_o the_o appoint_a time_n but_o it_o be_v not_o yet_o evident_a whether_o if_o mankind_n have_v continue_v without_o sin_n there_o will_v have_v be_v drive_v any_o trade_n and_o commerce_n as_o there_o be_v now_o in_o the_o world_n or_o whether_o there_o will_v then_o have_v be_v any_o occasion_n for_o the_o use_v of_o mony_n in_o like_a manner_n if_o such_o kind_n of_o community_n as_o be_v now_o adays_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o state_n of_o innocence_n there_o will_v be_v then_o likewise_o no_o occasion_n for_o those_o law_n which_o be_v presuppose_v as_o requisite_a for_o the_o well_o order_v and_o government_n of_o such_o society_n we_o be_v also_o now_o command_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o succour_v those_o that_o be_v in_o want_n to_o relieve_v those_o that_o be_v oppress_v to_o take_v care_n of_o widow_n and_o orphan_n but_o it_o will_v be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o have_v inculcate_v these_o precept_n to_o those_o who_o be_v no_o way_n subject_n to_o misery_n poverty_n or_o death_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n now_o enjoin_v we_o to_o forgive_v injury_n and_o to_o use_v our_o utmost_a endeavour_n towards_o the_o promote_a of_o peace_n among_o mankind_n which_o will_v be_v unnecessary_a among_o those_o who_o never_o offend_v against_o the_o law_n of_o mutual_a
consequence_n thereof_o beside_o he_o can_v make_v a_o judgement_n upon_o thing_n already_o do_v whether_o they_o be_v do_v agreeable_o to_o their_o rule_n not_o that_o all_o a_o man_n faculty_n do_v exert_v themselves_o continual_o or_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n but_o some_o of_o they_o be_v stir_v up_o in_o he_o by_o a_o internal_a impulse_n and_o when_o raise_v be_v by_o the_o same_o regulate_v and_o guide_v neither_o beside_o have_v a_o man_n the_o same_o inclination_n to_o every_o object_n but_o some_o he_o desire_v and_o for_o other_o he_o have_v a_o aversion_n and_o often_o though_o a_o object_n of_o action_n be_v before_o he_o yet_o he_o suspend_v any_o motion_n towards_o it_o and_o when_o many_o object_n offer_v themselves_o he_o choose_v one_o and_o refuse_v the_o rest_n as_o for_o that_o faculty_n therefore_o of_o comprehend_v understanding_n iu._n human_a understanding_n and_o judge_v of_o thing_n which_o be_v call_v the_o understanding_n it_o must_v be_v take_v for_o grant_v first_o of_o all_o that_o every_o man_n of_o a_o mature_a age_n and_o entire_a sense_n have_v so_o much_o natural_a light_n in_o he_o as_o that_o with_o necessary_a care_n and_o due_a consideration_n he_o may_v right_o comprehend_v at_o least_o those_o general_a precept_n and_o principle_n which_o be_v requisite_a in_o order_n to_o pass_v our_o life_n here_o honest_o and_o quiet_o and_o be_v able_a to_o judge_v that_o these_o be_v congruous_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o man._n for_o if_o this_o at_o least_o be_v not_o admit_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o our_o humane_a forum_n man_n may_v pretend_v a_o invincible_a ignorance_n for_o all_o their_o miscarriage_n because_o no_o man_n in_o judicature_n in_o civil_a judicature_n foro_fw-la humano_fw-la can_v be_v condemn_v for_o have_v violate_v a_o law_n which_o it_o be_v above_o his_o capacity_n to_o comprehend_v the_o understanding_n of_o man_n when_o probable_a v._o conscience_n right_o inform_v and_o probable_a it_o be_v right_o inform_v concern_v that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v or_o omit_v and_o this_o so_o as_o that_o he_o be_v able_a to_o give_v certain_a and_o undoubted_a reason_n for_o his_o opinion_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v call_v conscience_n true_o guide_v but_o when_o a_o man_n have_v indeed_o entertain_v the_o true_a opinion_n about_o what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v or_o not_o to_o be_v do_v the_o truth_n whereof_o yet_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v good_a by_o reason_v but_o he_o either_o draw_v such_o his_o notion_n from_o his_o education_n way_n of_o live_v custom_n or_o from_o the_o authority_n of_o person_n wise_a or_o better_a than_o himself_o and_o yet_o no_o reason_n appear_v to_o he_o that_o can_v persuade_v the_o contrary_a this_o use_n to_o be_v call_v conscientia_fw-la probabilis_fw-la conscience_n ground_v upon_o probability_n and_o by_o this_o the_o great_a part_n of_o mankind_n be_v govern_v it_o be_v the_o good_a fortune_n of_o few_o to_o be_v able_a to_o inquire_v into_o and_o to_o know_v the_o cause_n of_o thing_n and_o yet_o it_o chance_v often_o to_o some_o doubt_v vi_o conscience_n doubt_v man_n especial_o in_o singular_a case_n that_o argument_n may_v be_v bring_v on_o both_o side_n and_o they_o not_o be_v master_n of_o sufficient_a judgement_n to_o discern_v clear_o which_o be_v the_o strong_a and_o most_o weighty_a and_o this_o be_v call_v a_o doubt_a conscience_n in_o which_o case_n this_o be_v the_o rule_n as_o long_o as_o the_o understanding_n be_v unsatisfied_a and_o in_o doubt_n whether_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v be_v good_a or_o evil_n the_o do_v of_o it_o be_v to_o be_v defer_v for_o to_o set_v about_o do_v it_o before_o the_o doubt_n be_v answer_v imply_v a_o sinful_a design_n or_o at_o least_o a_o neglect_n of_o the_o law_n man_n also_o oftentimes_o have_v wrong_a apprehension_n error_n vii_o error_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o take_v that_o to_o be_v true_a which_o be_v false_a and_o then_o they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o a_o error_n and_o this_o be_v call_v vincible_a error_n when_o a_o man_n by_o apply_v due_a attention_n and_o diligence_n may_v have_v prevent_v his_o fall_n thereinto_o and_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v invincible_a error_n when_o the_o person_n with_o the_o utmost_a diligence_n and_o care_n that_o be_v consistent_a with_o the_o common_a rule_n of_o life_n can_v not_o have_v avoid_v it_o but_o this_o sort_n of_o error_n at_o least_o among_o those_o who_o give_v their_o mind_n to_o improve_v the_o light_n of_o reason_n and_o to_o lead_v their_o life_n regular_o happen_v not_o in_o the_o common_a rule_n of_o live_v but_o only_o in_o peculiar_a matter_n for_o the_o precept_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v plain_a and_o that_o legislator_n who_o make_v positive_a law_n both_o do_v and_o aught_o to_o take_v all_o possible_a care_n that_o they_o may_v be_v understand_v by_o those_o who_o be_v to_o give_v obedience_n to_o they_o so_o that_o this_o sort_n of_o error_n proceed_v only_o from_o a_o supine_n negligence_n but_o in_o particular_a affair_n it_o be_v easy_a for_o some_o error_n to_o be_v admit_v against_o the_o will_n and_o without_o any_o fault_n of_o the_o person_n concern_v the_o object_n and_o other_o circumstance_n of_o the_o action_n but_o where_o knowledge_n simple_o be_v ignorance_n viii_o ignorance_n want_v it_o be_v call_v ignorance_n which_o be_v two_o way_n to_o be_v consider_v first_o as_o it_o contribute_v somewhat_o to_o the_o action_n and_o next_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o person_n either_o against_o his_o will_n or_o not_o without_o his_o own_o fault_n in_o the_o first_o respect_n ignorance_n use_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o efficacious_a and_o concomitant_a that_o be_v such_o as_o if_o it_o have_v not_o be_v the_o present_a action_n have_v not_o be_v undertake_v this_o though_o it_o have_v not_o be_v it_o lâ—â—d_v not_o hinder_v the_o undertake_n in_o the_o latter_a respect_n the_o ignorance_n be_v either_o voluntary_a or_o involuntary_a the_o first_o be_v when_o it_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o person_n he_o reject_v the_o mean_n of_o know_v the_o truth_n or_o suffer_v it_o to_o come_v upon_o he_o by_o not_o use_v such_o diligence_n as_o be_v necessary_a the_o latter_a be_v when_o a_o man_n be_v ignorant_a of_o that_o which_o he_o can_v not_o nor_o be_v oblige_v to_o know_v and_o this_o again_o be_v twofold_a for_o either_o a_o man_n may_v indeed_o not_o be_v able_a to_o help_v his_o ignorance_n for_o the_o present_a and_o yet_o may_v be_v to_o blame_v because_o he_o continue_v in_o such_o a_o state_n or_o else_o he_o may_v not_o only_o be_v for_o the_o present_a unable_a to_o conquer_v his_o ignorance_n but_o may_v also_o be_v blameless_a that_o he_o be_v fall_v into_o such_o a_o condition_n the_o other_o faculty_n which_o do_v peculiar_o will._n ix_o the_o will._n distinguish_v man_n from_o brute_n be_v call_v the_o will_n by_o which_o as_o with_o a_o internal_a impulse_n man_n move_v himself_o to_o action_n and_o choose_v that_o which_o best_o please_v he_o and_o reject_v that_o which_o seem_v unfit_a for_o he_o man_n therefore_o have_v thus_o much_o from_o his_o will_n first_o that_o he_o have_v a_o power_n to_o act_v willing_o that_o be_v he_o be_v not_o determine_v by_o any_o intrinsic_a necessity_n to_o do_v this_o or_o that_o but_o be_v himself_o the_o author_n of_o his_o own_o action_n next_o that_o he_o have_v a_o power_n to_o act_v free_o that_o be_v upon_o the_o proposal_n of_o one_o object_n he_o may_v act_v or_o not_o act_v and_o either_o entertain_v or_o reject_v or_o if_o divers_a object_n be_v propose_v he_o may_v choose_v one_o and_o refuse_v the_o rest_n now_o whereas_o among_o human_a action_n some_o be_v undertake_v for_o their_o own_o sake_n other_o because_o they_o subserve_v to_o the_o attain_n of_o somewhat_o far_o that_o be_v some_o be_v as_o the_o end_n and_o other_o as_o mean_n as_o for_o the_o end_n the_o will_n be_v thus_o far_o concern_v that_o be_v once_o know_v this_o first_o approve_v it_o and_o then_o move_v vigorous_o towards_o the_o achieve_v thereof_o as_o it_o be_v drive_v at_o it_o with_o more_o or_o less_o earnestness_n and_o this_o end_v once_o obtain_v it_o sit_v down_o quiet_o and_o enjoy_v its_o acquist_n with_o pleasure_n for_o the_o mean_n they_o be_v first_o to_o be_v approve_v than_o such_o as_o be_v most_o fit_a for_o the_o purpose_n be_v choose_v and_o at_o last_o be_v apply_v to_o use_v but_o as_o man_n be_v account_v to_o be_v the_o unforced_a x._o the_o will_v unforced_a author_n of_o his_o own_o action_n because_o they_o be_v voluntary_o undertake_v by_o himself_o so_o this_o be_v chief_o to_o be_v observe_v concern_v the_o will_n to_o wit_n that_o its_o spontaneity_n or_o natural_a freedom_n be_v at_o least_o to_o be_v assert_v in_o those_o action_n
fellow_n than_o he_o be_v capable_a of_o effect_v it_o whence_o this_o must_v be_v infer_v that_o in_o order_n to_o his_o preservation_n it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a that_o he_o be_v sociable_a that_o be_v that_o he_o join_v with_o those_o of_o his_o kind_n and_o that_o he_o so_o behave_v himself_o towards_o they_o that_o they_o may_v have_v no_o justifiable_a cause_n to_o do_v he_o harm_n but_o rather_o to_o promote_v and_o secure_v to_o he_o all_o his_o interest_n the_o rule_n then_o of_o this_o fellowship_n define_v vii_o la_o natural_a define_v which_o be_v the_o law_n of_o human_a society_n whereby_o man_n be_v direct_v how_o to_o render_v themselves_o useful_a member_n thereof_o and_o without_o which_o it_o fall_v to_o piece_n be_v call_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n from_z what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o appear_v so_o ix_o the_o mean_v design_v where_o the_o end_n be_v so_o that_o this_o be_v a_o fundamental_a law_n of_o nature_n that_o every_o man_n ought_v as_o much_o as_o in_o he_o lie_v to_o preserve_v and_o promote_v society_n that_o be_v the_o welfare_n of_o mankind_n and_o since_o he_o that_o design_v the_o end_n can_v but_o be_v suppose_v to_o design_n those_o mean_n without_o which_o the_o end_n can_v be_v obtain_v it_o follow_v that_o all_o such_o action_n as_o tend_v general_o and_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a to_o the_o preservation_n of_o this_o society_n be_v command_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o on_o the_o contrary_a those_o that_o disturb_v and_o dissolve_v it_o be_v forbid_v by_o the_o same_o all_o other_o precept_n be_v to_o be_v account_v only_a subsumption_n or_o consequence_n upon_o this_o universal_a law_n the_o evidence_n whereof_o be_v make_v out_o by_o that_o natural_a light_n which_o be_v engraft_v in_o mankind_n now_o though_o these_o rule_n do_v plain_o providence_n x._o a_o god_n and_o providence_n contain_v that_o which_o be_v for_o the_o general_a good_a yet_o that_o the_o same_o may_v obtain_v the_o force_n of_o law_n it_o must_v necessary_o be_v presuppose_v that_o there_o be_v a_o god_n who_o govern_v all_o thing_n by_o his_o providence_n and_o that_o he_o have_v enjoin_v we_o mortal_n to_o observe_v these_o dictate_v of_o our_o reason_n as_o law_n promulge_v by_o he_o to_o we_o by_o the_o powerful_a mediation_n of_o that_o light_n which_o be_v bear_v with_o we_o otherwise_o we_o may_v perhaps_o pay_v some_o obedience_n to_o they_o in_o contemplation_n of_o their_o utility_n so_o as_o we_o observe_v the_o direction_n of_o physician_n in_o regard_n to_o our_o health_n but_o not_o as_o law_n to_o the_o constitution_n of_o which_o a_o superior_a be_v necessary_a to_o be_v suppose_v and_o that_o such_o a_o one_o as_o have_v actual_o undertake_v the_o government_n of_o the_o other_o but_o that_o god_n be_v the_o author_n of_o the_o demonstrate_v xi_o the_o same_o far_o demonstrate_v law_n of_o nature_n be_v thus_o demonstrate_v consider_v mankind_n only_o in_o its_o present_a state_n without_o inquire_v whether_o the_o first_o condition_n of_o we_o mortal_n be_v different_a from_o this_o nor_o how_o the_o change_n be_v wrought_v whereas_o our_o nature_n be_v so_o frame_v that_o mankind_n can_v be_v preserve_v without_o a_o sociable_a life_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n be_v capable_a of_o all_o those_o notion_n which_o be_v subservient_fw-fr to_o this_o purpose_n and_o it_o be_v also_o manifest_a that_o man_n not_o only_o like_o the_o other_o creature_n owe_v their_o original_a to_o god_n but_o that_o he_o govern_v they_o let_v their_o condition_n be_v as_o it_o will_v by_o the_o wisdom_n of_o his_o providence_n hence_o it_o follow_v that_o it_o must_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v the_o will_n of_o god_n that_o man_n shall_v make_v use_n of_o those_o faculty_n with_o which_o he_o be_v peculiar_o endow_v beyond_o the_o brute_n to_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o own_o nature_n and_o consequent_o that_o the_o life_n of_o man_n shall_v be_v different_a from_o the_o lawless_a life_n of_o the_o irrational_a creature_n and_o since_o this_o can_v otherwise_o be_v achieve_v but_o by_o a_o observance_n of_o the_o law_n natural_a it_o must_v be_v understand_v that_o there_o be_v from_o god_n a_o obligation_n lay_v upon_o man_n to_o pay_v obedience_n hereto_o as_o a_o mean_v not_o invent_v by_o the_o wit_n or_o impose_v by_o the_o will_n of_o man_n nor_o capable_a of_o be_v change_v by_o their_o humour_n and_o inclination_n but_o express_o ordain_v by_o god_n himself_o in_o order_n to_o the_o accomplish_v this_o end_n for_o he_o that_o oblige_v we_o to_o pursue_v such_o a_o end_n must_v be_v think_v to_o oblige_v we_o to_o make_v use_n of_o those_o mean_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o attainment_n thereof_o and_o that_o the_o social_n life_n be_v positive_o enjoin_v by_o god_n upon_o man_n this_o be_v a_o proof_n that_o in_o no_o other_o animal_n be_v to_o be_v find_v any_o sense_n of_o religion_n or_o fear_n of_o a_o deity_n which_o seem_v not_o so_o much_o as_o to_o fall_v within_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o ungovernable_a brute_n and_o yet_o it_o have_v the_o power_n to_o excite_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n not_o altogether_o profligate_v the_o tender_a sense_n by_o which_o they_o be_v convince_v that_o by_o sin_v against_o this_o law_n natural_a they_o offend_v he_o who_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n and_o who_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v even_o where_o we_o be_v secure_a of_o any_o punishment_n from_o our_o fellow-creature_n though_o it_o be_v usual_o say_v that_o we_o heart_n xii_o this_o law_n how_o write_v in_o man_n heart_n have_v the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o law_n from_o nature_n itself_o yet_o this_o be_v not_o so_o to_o be_v take_v as_o if_o there_o be_v implant_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n just_o newborn_a plain_n and_o distinct_a notion_n concern_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v or_o avoid_v but_o nature_n be_v say_v thus_o to_o teach_v we_o partly_o because_o the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o law_n may_v be_v attain_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o light_n of_o reason_n and_o partly_o because_o the_o general_a and_o most_o useful_a point_n thereof_o be_v so_o plain_a and_o clear_a that_o they_o at_o first_o sight_n force_v the_o assent_n and_o get_v such_o root_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n that_o nothing_o can_v eradicate_v they_o afterward_o let_v wicked_a man_n take_v never_o so_o much_o pain_n to_o blunt_a the_o edge_n and_o stupefy_v themselves_o against_o the_o sting_n of_o their_o conscience_n and_o in_o this_o sense_n we_o find_v in_o holy_a scripture_n that_o this_o law_n be_v say_v to_o be_v write_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n so_o that_o have_v from_o our_o childhood_n have_v a_o sense_n hereof_o instill_a into_o we_o together_o with_o other_o learning_n in_o the_o usual_a method_n of_o education_n and_o yet_o not_o be_v able_a to_o remember_v the_o punctual_a time_n when_o first_o they_o take_v hold_v of_o our_o understanding_n and_o possess_v our_o mind_n we_o can_v have_v no_o other_o opinion_n of_o our_o knowledge_n of_o this_o law_n but_o that_o it_o be_v connate_a to_o our_o being_n or_o bear_v together_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o ourselves_o the_o case_n be_v the_o same_o with_o every_o man_n in_o learning_n his_o mother-tongue_n those_o duty_n which_o from_o the_o law_n of_o duty_n xiii_o division_n of_o natural_a duty_n nature_n be_v incumbent_a upon_o man_n seem_v most_o apt_o to_o be_v divide_v according_a to_o the_o object_n about_o which_o they_o be_v conversant_a with_o regard_n to_o which_o they_o be_v range_v under_o three_o principal_a head_n the_o first_o of_o which_o give_v we_o direction_n how_o by_o the_o single_a dictate_v of_o right_a reason_n man_n ought_v to_o behave_v himself_o towards_o god_n the_o second_o contain_v our_o duty_n towards_o ourselves_o and_o the_o three_o that_o towards_o other_o man_n but_o though_o those_o precept_n of_o the_o law_n natural_a which_o have_v a_o relation_n to_o other_o man_n may_v primary_o and_o direct_o be_v derive_v from_o that_o sociality_n which_o we_o have_v lay_v down_o as_o a_o foundation_n yet_o even_o the_o duty_n of_o man_n towards_o god_n may_v be_v indirect_o deduce_v from_o thence_o upon_o this_o account_n that_o the_o strong_a obligation_n to_o mutual_a duty_n between_o man_n and_o man_n arise_v from_o religion_n and_o a_o fear_n of_o the_o deity_n so_o as_o that_o man_n can_v not_o become_v a_o sociable_a creature_n if_o he_o be_v not_o imbue_v with_o religion_n and_o because_o reason_n alone_o can_v go_v no_o far_o in_o religion_n than_o as_o it_o be_v useful_a to_o promote_v the_o common_a tranquillity_n and_o sociality_n or_o reciprocal_a union_n in_o this_o life_n for_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o religion_n procure_v the_o salvation_n of_o soul_n it_o proceed_v
allowance_n and_o limitation_n that_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o take_v away_o another_o man_n life_n when_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o we_o after_o a_o more_o convenient_a way_n to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n we_o be_v in_o yet_o in_o consideration_n of_o that_o great_a perturbation_n of_o mind_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v occasion_v upon_o the_o appearance_n of_o imminent_a mischief_n it_o be_v not_o usual_a to_o be_v overrigorous_a in_o the_o examination_n of_o these_o matter_n for_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o a_o man_n tremble_v under_o the_o apprehension_n of_o danger_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o find_v out_o so_o exact_o all_o those_o way_n of_o escape_v which_o to_o one_o who_o sedate_o consider_v the_o case_n may_v be_v plain_a enough_o hence_o though_o it_o be_v rashness_n for_o i_o to_o come_v out_o of_o a_o safe_a hold_v to_o he_o who_o shall_v challenge_v i_o yet_o if_o another_o shall_v set_v upon_o i_o in_o a_o open_a place_n i_o be_o not_o straight_o oblige_v to_o be_v take_v myself_o to_o flight_n except_o there_o be_v at_o hand_n such_o a_o place_n of_o refuge_n as_o i_o may_v withdraw_v into_o without_o peril_n neither_o be_o i_o always_o bind_v to_o retire_v because_o than_o i_o turn_v my_o defenceless_a back_n and_o there_o may_v be_v hazard_n of_o fall_v beside_o that_o have_v once_o lose_v my_o posture_n i_o can_v hardly_o recover_v it_o again_o but_o as_o the_o plea_n of_o self-defence_n be_v allow_v to_o that_o person_n who_o shall_v thus_o encounter_v danger_n when_o he_o be_v go_v about_o his_o lawful_a business_n whereas_o if_o he_o have_v stay_v at_o home_n he_o have_v be_v safe_a enough_o so_o it_o be_v deny_v to_o he_o who_o be_v challenge_v to_o a_o duel_n shall_v by_o appear_v set_v himself_o in_o that_o condition_n that_o except_o he_o kill_v his_o adversary_n himself_o must_v be_v slay_v for_o the_o law_n have_v forbid_v his_o venture_n into_o such_o danger_n any_o excuse_n on_o account_n thereof_o be_v not_o to_o be_v regard_v member_n fourteen_o defence_n of_o member_n what_o may_v be_v do_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o life_n may_v also_o for_o the_o member_n so_o as_o that_o he_o shall_v be_v acquit_v for_o a_o honest_a man_n who_o shall_v kill_v a_o russian_a that_o perhaps_o have_v no_o far_a intention_n than_o to_o maim_v he_o or_o give_v he_o some_o grievous_a wound_n for_o all_o mankind_n do_v natural_o abhor_v to_o be_v maim_v or_o wound_v and_o the_o cut_n off_o any_o especial_o of_o the_o more_o noble_a member_n be_v often_o not_o of_o much_o less_o value_n than_o life_n itself_o beside_o we_o be_v not_o sure_a beforehand_o whether_o upon_o such_o wound_a and_o maim_v death_n may_v not_o follow_v and_o to_o endure_v this_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o patience_n that_o surpass_v the_o ordinary_a constancy_n of_o man_n to_o which_o no_o man_n be_v regular_o oblige_v by_o the_o law_n only_o to_o gratify_v the_o outrageous_a humour_n of_o a_o rogue_n moreover_o what_o be_v lawful_a to_o be_v chastity_n xv._o defence_n of_o chastity_n do_v for_o preservation_n of_o life_n be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v so_o for_o chastity_n since_o there_o can_v be_v a_o more_o horrid_a abuse_n offer_v to_o a_o honest_a woman_n than_o to_o force_v she_o out_o of_o that_o which_o be_v keep_v undefiled_a be_v esteem_v the_o great_a glory_n of_o their_o sex_n and_o to_o put_v upon_o she_o a_o necessity_n of_o raise_v a_o offspring_n to_o her_o enemy_n out_o of_o her_o own_o blood_n as_o for_o defence_n of_o good_n or_o estate_n this_o estate_n xvi_o defence_n of_o good_n estate_n may_v among_o those_o who_o be_v in_o a_o state_n of_o natural_a liberty_n go_v as_o far_o as_o the_o slaughter_n of_o the_o invader_n provide_v what_o be_v in_o controversy_n be_v not_o a_o thing_n contemptible_a for_o without_o thing_n necessary_a we_o can_v keep_v ourselves_o alive_a and_o he_o equal_o declare_v himself_o my_o enemy_n who_o wrongful_o seize_v my_o estate_n as_o he_o that_o attempt_v upon_o my_o life_n but_o in_o community_n where_o what_o be_v ravish_v from_o we_o may_v with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o civil_a authority_n be_v recover_v this_o be_v not_o regular_o allow_v unless_o in_o such_o case_n when_o he_o that_o come_v to_o take_v away_o what_o we_o have_v can_v be_v bring_v to_o justice_n on_o which_o account_n it_o be_v that_o we_o may_v lawful_o kill_v highwayman_n and_o night-robber_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o self-defence_n in_o injure_v xvi_o self-defence_n in_o he_o that_o first_o injure_v those_o who_o without_o provocation_n be_v unjust_o invade_v by_o other_o but_o for_o he_o who_o have_v first_o do_v a_o injury_n to_o another_o he_o can_v only_o then_o right_o defend_v himself_o with_o force_n and_o hurt_v the_o other_o again_o when_o have_v repent_v of_o what_o he_o have_v do_v he_o have_v offer_v reparation_n of_o the_o wrong_n and_o security_n for_o the_o future_a yet_o he_o who_o be_v first_o injure_v shall_v out_o of_o ill_a nature_n refuse_v the_o same_o and_o endeavour_v to_o revenge_v himself_o by_o violence_n last_o self-preservation_n be_v of_o so_o much_o necessity_n xviii_o self-preservation_n in_o case_n of_o necessity_n regard_n that_o if_o it_o can_v otherwise_o be_v have_v in_o many_o case_n it_o exempt_v we_o from_o our_o obedience_n to_o the_o stand_a law_n and_o on_o this_o score_n it_o be_v that_o necessity_n be_v say_v to_o have_v no_o law_n for_o see_v man_n be_v natural_o inspirited_a with_o such_o a_o earnest_a desire_n to_o preserve_v himself_o it_o can_v hardly_o be_v presume_v that_o there_o be_v any_o obligation_n lay_v upon_o he_o to_o which_o he_o be_v to_o sacrifice_v his_o own_o safety_n for_o though_o not_o only_a god_n but_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n when_o the_o necessity_n of_o affair_n require_v it_o may_v lay_v upon_o we_o so_o strict_a a_o injunction_n that_o we_o ought_v rather_o to_o die_v than_o vary_v a_o tittle_n from_o it_o yet_o the_o general_a obligation_n of_o law_n be_v not_o hold_v to_o be_v so_o rigorous_a for_o the_o legislator_n or_o those_o who_o first_o introduce_v rule_n for_o mankind_n to_o act_v by_o make_v it_o their_o design_n to_o promote_v the_o safety_n and_o common_a good_a of_o man_n must_v regular_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v before_o their_o eye_n the_o condition_n of_o human_a nature_n and_o to_o have_v consider_v how_o impossible_a it_o be_v for_o a_o man_n not_o to_o shun_v and_o keep_v off_o all_o thing_n that_o tend_v to_o his_o own_o destruction_n hence_o those_o law_n especial_o call_v positive_a and_o all_o human_a institution_n be_v judge_v to_o except_v case_n of_o necessity_n or_o not_o to_o oblige_v when_o the_o observation_n of_o they_o must_v be_v accompany_v with_o some_o evil_n which_o be_v destructive_a to_o human_a nature_n or_o not_o tolerable_a to_o the_o ordinary_a constancy_n of_o man_n unless_o it_o be_v express_o so_o order_v or_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n require_v that_o even_o that_o also_o must_v be_v undergo_v not_o that_o necessity_n justify_v the_o breach_n of_o a_o law_n and_o commission_n of_o sin_n but_o it_o be_v presume_v from_o the_o favourable_a intention_n of_o the_o legislator_n and_o the_o consideration_n of_o man_n nature_n that_o case_n of_o necessity_n be_v not_o include_v in_o the_o general_a word_n of_o a_o law_n this_o will_v be_v plain_a by_o a_o instance_n or_o two_o though_o otherwise_o man_n have_v no_o such_o member_n xix_o cut_v off_o member_n power_n over_o his_o own_o member_n as_o that_o he_o may_v lose_v or_o maim_v any_o of_o they_o at_o his_o pleasure_n yet_o he_o be_v justifiable_a in_o cut_v off_o a_o gangrened_a limb_n in_o order_n to_o save_v the_o whole_a body_n or_o to_o preserve_v those_o part_n which_o be_v sound_a or_o lest_o the_o other_o member_n be_v render_v useless_a by_o a_o dead_a and_o cumbersome_a piece_n of_o flesh_n if_o in_o a_o shipwreck_n more_o man_n leap_v into_o many_o xx._n one_o lose_v to_o save_v many_o the_o boat_n than_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o carry_v and_o no_o one_o have_v more_o right_a than_o another_o to_o it_o they_o may_v draw_v lot_n who_o shall_v be_v cast_v overboard_o and_o if_o any_o man_n shall_v refuse_v to_o take_v his_o chance_n he_o may_v be_v throw_v over_o without_o any_o more_o ado_n as_o one_o that_o seek_v the_o destruction_n of_o all_o if_o two_o happen_v into_o imminent_a danger_n of_o self_n xxi_o one_o lose_v to_o save_v self_n their_o life_n where_o both_o must_v perish_v one_o may_v as_o he_o see_v good_a hasten_v the_o death_n of_o the_o other_o that_o he_o may_v save_v himself_o for_o instance_n if_o i_o who_o be_o a_o skilful_a swimmer_n shall_v fall_v into_o some_o deep_a water_n with_o another_o who_o can_v not_o swim_v at_o all_o and_o he_o cling_v about_o i_o i_o not_o be_v strong_a
be_v usual_o lend_v be_v call_v fungibiles_fw-la that_o be_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v capable_a of_o be_v repay_v in_o kind_a though_o not_o in_o specie_fw-la because_o any_o thing_n of_o that_o kind_n may_v so_o perform_v the_o part_n of_o another_o thing_n that_o he_o who_o receive_v any_o thing_n of_o that_o kind_a in_o the_o same_o quantity_n and_o quality_n may_v be_v say_v to_o have_v receive_v the_o same_o which_o he_o give_v the_o same_o thing_n be_v likewise_o determine_v and_o specify_v by_o number_n weight_n and_o measure_n in_o which_o respect_n also_o they_o be_v common_o call_v quantity_n as_o they_o be_v contradistinct_a to_o species_n now_o a_o thing_n be_v lend_v either_o gratis_o so_o as_o no_o more_o be_v to_o be_v receive_v than_o be_v deliver_v or_o else_o for_o some_o profit_n or_o advantage_n which_o be_v call_v usury_n and_o which_o be_v no_o way_n repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n provide_v it_o be_v moderate_a and_o proportionable_a to_o the_o gain_n which_o the_o other_o person_n make_v of_o the_o money_n or_o the_o thing_n lent_n and_o which_o have_v it_o not_o be_v put_v out_o will_v have_v be_v neither_o loss_n nor_o gain_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o exact_v of_o poor_a man_n to_o who_o a_o thing_n lent_n be_v sometime_o as_o good_a as_o a_o alms._n in_o a_o contract_n of_o partnership_n two_o or_o partnership_n xii_o partnership_n more_o join_v together_o their_o money_n wares_n or_o work_v with_o a_o intention_n that_o every_o one_o shall_v receive_v a_o proportionable_a share_n of_o the_o profit_n and_o if_o there_o happen_v to_o be_v any_o loss_n that_o likewise_o must_v be_v bear_v ratable_o by_o each_o party_n in_o which_o kind_n of_o society_n as_o all_o party_n be_v oblige_v to_o faithfulness_n and_o industry_n so_o no_o party_n must_v break_v off_o the_o partnership_n before_o the_o time_n or_o to_o the_o detriment_n of_o his_o partner_n but_o when_o the_o time_n of_o the_o partnership_n be_v expire_v after_o the_o gain_n and_o loss_n be_v allow_v each_o party_n be_v to_o receive_v what_o stock_n he_o put_v in_o but_o if_o one_o person_n put_v in_o money_n or_o good_n and_o the_o other_o contribute_v his_o labour_n we_o must_v consider_v after_o what_o manner_n such_o a_o contribution_n be_v make_v for_o when_o one_o man_n labour_n be_v only_o concern_v about_o the_o manage_n and_o dispose_n of_o the_o other_o person_n money_n or_o good_n the_o share_n of_o the_o gain_n be_v so_o to_o be_v determine_v as_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o money_n or_o commodity_n bear_v proportion_n to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o labour_n the_o principal_a still_o remain_v the_o property_n of_o he_o only_o who_o first_o contribute_v it_o but_o when_o any_o labour_n be_v bestow_v in_o the_o improvement_n of_o any_o commodity_n which_o be_v put_v in_o by_o another_o he_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v such_o a_o share_n in_o the_o thing_n itself_o as_o be_v proportionable_a to_o the_o improvement_n it_o have_v receive_v again_o when_o man_n engage_v all_o that_o they_o have_v in_o any_o joint-stock_n as_o each_o of_o the_o partner_n must_v faithful_o bring_v into_o the_o account_n the_o profit_n they_o have_v make_v so_o also_o every_o one_o of_o they_o be_v to_o be_v maintain_v out_o of_o the_o joint-stock_n according_a to_o their_o condition_n but_o when_o the_o partnership_n be_v break_v off_o the_o division_n of_o the_o good_n be_v make_v ratable_o according_a as_o each_o party_n at_o first_o bring_v in_o without_o any_o regard_n have_v by_o who_o good_n any_o gain_n or_o loss_n happen_v to_o the_o company_n unless_o beforehand_o it_o be_v otherwise_o agree_v there_o be_v likewise_o several_a contract_n chance_n xiii_o contract_n upon_o chance_n which_o imply_v a_o chance_n among_o which_o may_v be_v reckon_v wager_n when_o the_o certainty_n of_o any_o event_n which_o be_v not_o yet_o know_v by_o either_o party_n be_v affirm_v by_o one_o and_o deny_v by_o the_o other_o a_o certain_a value_n be_v lay_v on_o both_o side_n which_o be_v adjudge_v to_o that_o person_n to_o who_o assertion_n the_o event_n be_v find_v to_o agree_v hitherto_o may_v also_o be_v refer_v all_o sort_n of_o game_n wherein_o we_o play_v for_o any_o thing_n of_o value_n among_o which_o those_o have_v the_o least_o chance_n which_o contain_v a_o trial_n of_o wit_n dexterity_n skill_n or_o strength_n in_o some_o of_o these_o skill_n and_o chance_n have_v both_o a_o like_a share_n in_o other_o chance_n do_v chief_o determine_v the_o matter_n although_o it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n to_o consider_v how_o far_o such_o kind_n of_o contract_n may_v be_v tolerate_v as_o consistent_a with_o the_o public_a or_o private_a good_a among_o these_o we_o may_v reckon_v the_o various_a sort_n of_o lottery_n as_o either_o when_o several_a man_n have_v pay_v for_o a_o thing_n by_o money_n lay_v down_o joint_o refer_v it_o to_o a_o decision_n by_o lot_n which_o of_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o whole_a or_o when_o a_o box_n or_o pot_n of_o lot_n be_v make_v use_n of_o into_o which_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o lot_n or_o paper_n both_o blank_n and_o prize_n be_v put_v and_o for_o some_o set_a price_n liberty_n be_v grant_v of_o draw_v they_o out_o so_o that_o the_o person_n draw_v may_v receive_v the_o prize_n mark_v upon_o the_o lot_n to_o these_o contract_v the_o receive_v method_n of_o insurance_n have_v some_o kind_n of_o affinity_n which_o be_v such_o bargain_n whereby_o be_v undertake_v the_o secure_n from_o and_o make_v good_a any_o damage_n so_o that_o the_o insurer_n for_o a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n pay_v down_o take_v upon_o himself_o and_o be_v oblige_v to_o satisfy_v for_o whatsoever_o loss_n or_o damage_n any_o commodity_n may_v undergo_v in_o their_o transportation_n to_o remote_a country_n so_o that_o if_o it_o shall_v happen_v that_o they_o be_v lose_v he_o be_v bind_v to_o pay_v the_o owner_n the_o value_n of_o they_o for_o the_o render_n of_o contract_n and_o pledge_n fourteen_o surety_n and_o pledge_n covenant_n more_o firm_a and_o secure_a surety_n and_o pledge_n be_v frequent_o make_v use_n of_o a_o surety_n be_v when_o another_o person_n who_o be_v approve_v of_o by_o the_o creditor_n take_v upon_o himself_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o principal_a debtor_n so_o that_o unless_o he_o make_v payment_n the_o other_o must_v make_v it_o good_a yet_o so_o that_o the_o principal_a debtor_n be_v oblige_v to_o repay_v he_o and_o save_v he_o harmless_a and_o although_o the_o surety_n can_v stand_v bind_v for_o a_o great_a sum_n than_o the_o principal_a debtor_n yet_o nothing_o hinder_v but_o that_o the_o surety_n be_v more_o firm_o tie_v than_o the_o other_o because_o more_o be_v rely_v upon_o his_o credit_n than_o upon_o that_o of_o the_o principal_a debtor_n yet_o in_o course_n the_o principal_a debtor_n be_v to_o be_v call_v upon_o before_o the_o surety_n unless_o he_o have_v whole_o take_v the_o obligation_n upon_o himself_o and_o such_o a_o person_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v common_o call_v expromissor_n or_o a_o undertaker_n now_o if_o several_a person_n be_v security_n for_o one_o each_o of_o they_o be_v to_o be_v call_v upon_o for_o his_o proportion_n only_o unless_o by_o accident_n any_o one_o of_o they_o become_v insolvent_a or_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v for_o in_o such_o a_o case_n the_o other_o must_v be_v charge_v with_o his_o share_n it_o be_v likewise_o oftentimes_o customary_a for_o mortgage_n xv._o pledge_v or_o mortgage_n the_o debtor_n to_o deliver_v or_o make_v over_o to_o the_o creditor_n for_o secure_v his_o debt_n some_o certain_a thing_n which_o be_v call_v a_o pledge_n or_o a_o mortgage_n until_o the_o debt_n be_v pay_v the_o intent_n of_o which_o be_v not_o only_o that_o the_o debtor_n shall_v be_v excite_v to_o make_v payment_n out_o of_o a_o desire_n of_o recover_v what_o belong_v to_o he_o but_o also_o that_o the_o creditor_n shall_v have_v some_o prospect_n how_o he_o may_v be_v satisfy_v and_o upon_o this_o account_n pledge_n ought_v regular_o to_o be_v of_o equal_a or_o great_a value_n than_o the_o debt_n itself_o now_o the_o thing_n which_o may_v be_v offer_v as_o pledge_n be_v either_o improveable_a or_o not_o improveable_a as_o to_o the_o former_a kind_n there_o be_v common_o add_v a_o covenant_n call_v pactum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o empower_n the_o creditor_n to_o enjoy_v the_o fruit_n and_o profit_n of_o that_o pledge_n instead_o of_o interest_n now_o as_o to_o the_o other_o sort_n the_o lex_fw-la commissoria_n take_v place_n which_o provide_v that_o the_o pledge_n shall_v be_v forfeit_v to_o the_o creditor_n if_o payment_n be_v not_o make_v within_o a_o certain_a time_n limit_v and_o this_o be_v no_o way_n unreasonable_a when_o the_o pledge_n be_v not_o of_o great_a value_n than_o
nation_n of_o any_o considerable_a extent_n but_o he_o must_v have_v minister_n to_o participate_v with_o he_o in_o his_o care_n and_o counsel_n yet_o as_o these_o minister_n borrow_v their_o authority_n in_o every_o thing_n they_o do_v from_o he_o so_o the_o praise_n or_o dispraise_v of_o their_o action_n return_v final_o upon_o he_o also_o for_o which_o reason_n and_o because_o according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o minister_n business_n be_v do_v either_o well_o or_o ill_o there_o lie_v a_o obligation_n upon_o a_o prince_n to_o advance_v honest_a and_o fit_a person_n to_o office_n of_o trust_n in_o the_o government_n and_o upon_o occasion_n to_o examine_v into_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o same_o and_o as_o he_o find_v they_o deserve_v to_o reward_v or_o punish_v they_o according_o for_o a_o example_n to_o other_o to_o understand_v that_o there_o be_v no_o less_o fidelity_n and_o diligence_n to_o be_v use_v in_o manage_v the_o public_a business_n than_o one_o will_v practice_v in_o any_o private_a affair_n that_o relate_v to_o himself_o so_o when_o wicked_a people_n be_v encourage_v to_o put_v their_o inclination_n in_o practice_n upon_o the_o hope_n of_o escape_v very_o easy_o unpunished_a under_o judge_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o corruption_n it_o '_o be_v a_o prince_n duty_n to_o animadvert_v severe_o upon_o such_o judge_n as_o favourer_n of_o vice_n against_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o subject_a and_o quiet_a of_o the_o nation_n and_o though_o the_o dispatch_a of_o the_o ordinary_a affair_n may_v be_v commit_v to_o the_o minister_n care_v yet_o a_o prince_n be_v never_o to_o refuse_v to_o lend_v his_o ear_n with_o patience_n when_o his_o subject_n present_v he_o with_o their_o complaint_n and_o address_n for_o tax_n and_o the_o like_a duty_n to_o duty_n x._o of_o tax_n and_o duty_n which_o subject_n be_v upon_o no_o other_o account_n oblige_v than_o as_o they_o be_v necessary_a to_o support_v the_o public_a charge_n in_o peace_n and_o war_n it_o deserve_v to_o be_v the_o care_n of_o prince_n not_o to_o extort_v more_o than_o either_o the_o necessity_n or_o signal_n advantage_n of_o the_o nation_n require_v and_o so_o to_o alleviate_v and_o soften_v they_o in_o the_o way_n and_o mean_n of_o lay_v they_o upon_o the_o subject_a that_o every_o one_o may_v find_v their_o weight_n as_o little_a offensive_a as_o it_o can_v possible_o be_v be_v charge_v upon_o particular_n in_o a_o fair_a and_o equitable_a proportion_n without_o favour_v of_o one_o to_o deceive_v or_o oppress_v another_o and_o let_v not_o the_o money_n that_o be_v so_o raise_v be_v consume_v by_o prince_n in_o luxury_n and_o vanity_n or_o throw_v away_o in_o gift_n and_o needless_a ostentation_n but_o lay_v out_o upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o nation_n always_o foresee_v that_o their_o expense_n be_v make_v to_o answer_v to_o their_o revenue_n and_o in_o case_n of_o any_o failure_n in_o the_o latter_a to_o do_v it_o that_o they_o attempt_v a_o remedy_n by_o mean_n of_o frugality_n and_o in_o retrench_v unnecessary_a expense_n it_o be_v true_a prince_n have_v no_o obligation_n prince_n xi_o interest_n of_o the_o subject_a to_o be_v advance_v by_o prince_n upon_o they_o to_o find_v maintenance_n for_o their_o subject_n otherwise_o than_o charity_n direct_v they_o to_o a_o particular_a care_n of_o those_o for_o who_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o subsist_v of_o themselves_o by_o reason_n of_o some_o calamity_n undeserved_a yet_o because_o the_o money_n that_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o public_a must_v be_v raise_v out_o of_o the_o subject_n estate_n in_o who_o wealth_n and_o happiness_n the_o strength_n of_o a_o nation_n do_v consist_v it_o therefore_o concern_v prince_n to_o use_v their_o best_a endeavour_n that_o the_o fortune_n of_o their_o subject_n improve_v and_o flourish_v as_o particular_o by_o give_v order_n how_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n may_v be_v receive_v in_o the_o most_o plentiful_a measure_n and_o that_o man_n employ_v their_o industry_n on_o thing_n of_o domestic_a growth_n not_o purchase_v at_o their_o expense_n that_o labour_n from_o other_o which_o themselves_o be_v able_a convenient_o to_o undergo_v that_o all_o mechanic_n art_n and_o merchandise_n and_o in_o maritime_a place_n navigation_n be_v encourage_v as_o of_o great_a consequence_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o idleness_n be_v banish_v from_o among_o they_o and_o frugality_n be_v restore_v by_o sumptuary_n law_n contrive_v on_o purpose_n to_o avoid_v superfluous_a expense_n especial_o those_o which_o occasion_n the_o transport_v of_o riches_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n whereof_o if_o the_o prince_n be_v please_v to_o set_v a_o example_n in_o his_o own_o person_n it_o be_v likely_a to_o prove_v of_o great_a force_n than_o all_o the_o law_n beside_o find_v also_o that_o the_o internal_a party_n xii_o faction_n and_o party_n health_n and_o strength_n of_o a_o nation_n proceed_v in_o a_o particular_a manner_n from_o the_o unity_n that_o be_v between_o the_o people_n and_o according_a as_o this_o happen_v to_o be_v more_o and_o more_o perfect_a the_o power_n of_o the_o government_n diffuse_v itself_o through_o the_o whole_a body_n with_o so_o much_o the_o great_a efficacy_n it_o be_v yet_o a_o further_a care_n incumbent_a upon_o prince_n to_o hinder_v both_o the_o growth_n of_o public_a faction_n as_o well_o as_o of_o private_a association_n of_o particular_a person_n by_o agreement_n among_o themselves_o as_o also_o to_o see_v that_o neither_o all_o nor_o any_o of_o the_o subject_n under_o any_o pretence_n whatsoever_o religious_a or_o civil_a do_v retain_v a_o dependence_n upon_o a_o stranger_n within_o or_o without_o the_o kingdom_n more_o than_o upon_o their_o lawful_a prince_n in_o who_o alone_o before_o all_o other_o all_o their_o expectation_n ought_v to_o be_v repose_v last_o since_o the_o peace_n of_o nation_n nation_n xiii_o of_o war_n and_o peace_n with_o foreign_a nation_n in_o reference_n to_o one_o another_o depend_v upon_o no_o very_a great_a certainty_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o endeavour_n of_o prince_n to_o encourage_v valour_n and_o military_a study_n in_o their_o subject_n have_v all_o thing_n as_o fortification_n arm_n man_n and_o money_n which_o be_v the_o sinew_n of_o business_n ready_a prepare_v in_o case_n of_o a_o assult_v to_o repel_v it_o though_o not_o voluntary_o to_o begin_v one_o upon_o another_o nation_n even_o after_o sufficient_a cause_n of_o war_n give_v unless_o invite_v by_o a_o very_a safe_a opportunity_n and_o the_o public_n be_v in_o a_o good_a condition_n convenient_o to_o go_v through_o with_o the_o undertake_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n it_o be_v proper_a to_o observe_v and_o search_v into_o the_o counsel_n and_o proceed_n of_o neighbour_n with_o all_o exactness_n and_o to_o enter_v with_o they_o into_o league_n and_o alliance_n as_o prudent_o as_o so_o great_a a_o concern_v require_v chap._n xii_o of_o the_o special_a law_n of_o a_o community_n relate_v to_o the_o civil_a government_n it_o now_o remain_v that_o we_o take_v a_o view_n be_v i._o what_o they_o be_v of_o the_o particular_a part_n of_o supreme_a government_n together_o with_o such_o circumstance_n thereunto_o belong_v as_o we_o find_v be_v worthy_a to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o first_o place_n there_o be_v the_o civil_a law_n mean_v the_o act_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o high_a civil_a authority_n for_o the_o time_n be_v ordain_v to_o direct_v the_o subject_a in_o the_o course_n of_o his_o life_n as_o to_o what_o thing_n he_o ought_v to_o do_v and_o what_o to_o omit_v they_o be_v call_v civil_a upon_o two_o account_n call_v ii_o why_o so_o call_v especial_o that_o be_v either_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o authority_n or_o their_o original_a in_o the_o first_o sense_n all_o manner_n of_o law_n whatsoever_o of_o force_n whereby_o to_o try_v and_o decide_v cause_n in_o a_o court_n of_o civil_a judicature_n let_v their_o original_a be_v what_o it_o will_v may_v pass_v under_o that_o denomination_n in_o the_o other_o we_o call_v only_o those_o law_n civil_a which_o derive_v their_o original_a from_o the_o will_n of_o the_o supreme_a civil_a government_n treat_v upon_o the_o subject_a of_o such_o thing_n as_o neither_o the_o law_n of_o god_n or_o nature_n have_v determine_v yet_o be_v find_v to_o conduce_v much_o to_o the_o profit_n of_o particular_a commonwealth_n as_o nothing_o therefore_o aught_o to_o be_v make_v they_o iii_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o be_v reinforce_v by_o they_o the_o subject_a of_o a_o civil_a law_n but_o what_o relate_v to_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o do_v ordain_v it_o so_o it_o seem_v in_o the_o high_a degree_n expedient_a towards_o the_o beauty_n and_o ease_n of_o live_v in_o a_o community_n that_o in_o particular_a the_o law_n of_o nature_n shall_v be_v diligent_o observe_v by_o all_o people_n it_o lie_v upon_o supreme_a governor_n
society_n and_o this_o too_o be_v very_o evident_a in_o the_o prohibitory_a precept_n which_o relate_v to_o the_o natural_a not_o positive_a law_n for_o although_o every_o command_n do_v virtual_o contain_v in_o itself_o a_o prohibition_n of_o the_o opposite_a vice_n as_o for_o instance_n he_o that_o be_v command_v to_o love_v his_o neighbour_n be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n forbid_v to_o do_v such_o action_n as_o may_v any_o way_n thwart_v or_o contradict_v this_o duty_n of_o love_n yet_o it_o seem_v superfluous_a that_o these_o thing_n shall_v be_v ordain_v by_o express_a command_n where_o there_o be_v no_o disorderly_a inclination_n to_o excite_v man_n to_o the_o commit_v such_o wrong_n for_o the_o illustration_n of_o which_o this_o may_v be_v take_v notice_n of_o that_o solon_n will_v by_o no_o public_a law_n enact_v any_o punishment_n for_o parricide_n because_o he_o think_v that_o no_o child_n can_v be_v guilty_a of_o so_o horrid_a a_o impiety_n the_o like_a whereof_o we_o may_v find_v in_o what_o be_v report_v by_o francis_n lopez_n in_o his_o history_n of_o the_o west-indies_n chap._n 207._o concernning_n the_o people_n of_o nicaragua_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o they_o have_v not_o appoint_v any_o punishment_n for_o those_o who_o shall_v kill_v their_o prince_n because_o say_v they_o there_o can_v be_v no_o subject_a who_o will_v contrive_v or_o perpetrate_v so_o base_a a_o action_n i_o be_o afraid_a it_o may_v savour_v too_o much_o of_o affectation_n to_o enlarge_v any_o far_o in_o the_o proof_n of_o what_o be_v in_o itself_o so_o clear_a and_o evident_a yet_o i_o shall_v add_v this_o one_o example_n fit_v to_o the_o mean_a capacity_n suppose_v there_o be_v two_o child_n but_o of_o different_a disposition_n commit_v to_o the_o care_n of_o a_o certain_a person_n one_o whereof_o be_v modest_a and_o bashful_a take_v great_a delight_n in_o his_o study_n the_o other_o prove_v unruly_a surly_a give_v himself_o over_o more_o to_o loose_v pleasure_n than_o to_o learning_n now_o the_o duty_n of_o both_o of_o these_o be_v the_o same_o to_o follow_v their_o study_n but_o the_o particular_a precept_n proper_a to_o each_o be_v different_a for_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o advise_v the_o former_a to_o what_o kind_n of_o study_n he_o must_v apply_v himself_o at_o what_o time_n and_o after_o what_o manner_n they_o be_v to_o be_v follow_v but_o as_o for_o the_o other_o he_o must_v be_v enjoin_v under_o severe_a penalty_n not_o to_o wander_v abroad_o not_o to_o game_n not_o to_o sell_v his_o book_n not_o to_o get_v other_o to_o make_v his_o exercise_n not_o to_o play_v the_o good_a fellow_n not_o to_o run_v after_o harlot_n now_o if_o any_o one_o shall_v undertake_v in_o a_o set_a discourse_n to_o declaim_v against_o these_o thing_n to_o he_o of_o the_o contrary_a temper_n the_o child_n may_v very_o well_o enjoin_v he_o silence_n and_o bid_v he_o inculcate_v they_o to_o any_o body_n else_o rather_o than_o to_o he_o who_o take_v no_o delight_n or_o pleasure_n in_o such_o practice_n from_o whence_o i_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o manifest_v that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n will_v have_v a_o quite_o different_a face_n if_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v man_n as_o he_o be_v in_o his_o primitive_a state_n of_o innocence_n and_o now_o since_o the_o bound_n and_o limit_n of_o this_o science_n whereby_o it_o be_v distinguish_v from_o moral_a divinity_n be_v so_o clear_o set_v down_o it_o ought_v at_o least_o to_o have_v the_o same_o privilege_n with_o other_o science_n as_o the_o civil_a law_n physic_n natural_a philosophy_n and_o the_o mathematics_n wherein_o if_o any_o unskilful_a person_n presume_v to_o meddle_v assume_v to_o himself_o the_o quality_n of_o a_o censor_n without_o any_o authority_n he_o may_v fair_o have_v that_o object_v to_o he_o which_o be_v former_o do_v by_o apelles_n to_o megabyzus_n who_o undertake_v to_o talk_v at_o random_n about_o the_o art_n of_o paint_v pray_v say_v he_o be_v silent_a lest_o the_o boy_n laugh_v at_o you_o who_o pretend_v to_o talk_v of_o matter_n you_o do_v not_o understand_v now_o upon_o the_o whole_a i_o be_o content_v to_o submit_v myself_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o discreet_a and_o intelligent_a person_n but_o as_o for_o ignorant_a and_o spiteful_a detractor_n it_o be_v better_a to_o leave_v they_o to_o themselves_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o their_o own_o folly_n and_o malice_n since_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a proverb_n the_o ethiopian_n can_v change_v his_o skin_n content_n book_n i._n chap._n i._n of_o human_a action_n pag._n 1._o ii_o of_o the_o rule_n of_o human_a action_n or_o of_o law_n in_o general_n 25_o iii_o of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 33_o iu._n of_o the_o duty_n of_o man_n towards_o god_n or_o concern_v natural_a religion_n 50_o v._n of_o the_o duty_n of_o man_n towards_o himself_o 64_o vi._n of_o the_o duty_n of_o one_o man_n towards_o another_o and_o first_o of_o do_v no_o injury_n to_o any_o man._n 88_o vii_o the_o natural_a equality_n of_o man_n to_o be_v acknowledge_v 98_o viii_o of_o the_o mutual_a duty_n of_o humanity_n 105_o ix_o the_o duty_n of_o man_n in_o make_v contract_n 112_o x._o the_o duty_n of_o man_n in_o discourse_n 131_o xi_o the_o duty_n of_o those_o that_o take_v a_o oath_n 138_o xii_o duty_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o acquire_v possession_n of_o thing_n 145_o xiii_o the_o duty_n which_o natural_o result_v from_o man_n property_n in_o thing_n 160_o fourteen_o of_o the_o price_n and_o value_n of_o thing_n 164_o xv._o of_o those_o contract_n in_o which_o the_o value_n of_o thing_n be_v presuppose_v and_o of_o the_o duty_n thence_o arise_v 174_o xvi_o the_o several_a method_n by_o which_o the_o obligation_n arise_v from_o contract_n be_v dissolve_v 191._o xvii_o of_o mean_v or_o interpretation_n 196_o book_n ii_o chap._n i._n of_o the_o natural_a state_n of_o men._n 207_o ii_o of_o the_o duty_n of_o the_o marry_v state_n 220_o iii_o the_o duty_n of_o parent_n and_o child_n 228_o iu._n the_o duty_n of_o master_n and_o servant_n 237_o v._n the_o impulsive_a cause_n of_o constitute_v community_n 241_o vi._n of_o the_o internal_a frame_n and_o constitution_n of_o any_o state_n or_o government_n 249_o vii_o of_o the_o several_a part_n of_o government_n 259_o viii_o of_o the_o several_a form_n of_o government_n 265_o ix_o the_o qualification_n of_o civil_a government_n 273_o x._o how_o government_n especial_o monarchical_a be_v acquire_v 276_o xi_o the_o duty_n of_o supreme_a governor_n 283_o xii_o of_o the_o special_a law_n of_o a_o community_n 293_o xiii_o of_o the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n 299_o fourteen_o of_o reputation_n 310_o xv._o of_o the_o power_n of_o governor_n over_o the_o good_n of_o their_o subject_n 316_o xvi_o of_o war_n and_o peace_n 319_o xvii_o of_o alliance_n 329_o xviii_o the_o duty_n of_o subject_n 333_o write_v by_o the_o same_o author_n and_o translate_v by_o j._n c._n the_o history_n of_o popedom_n contain_v a_o account_n of_o the_o rise_v progress_n and_o decay_n thereof_o sell_v by_o c._n harper_n at_o the_o flower-de-luce_n over_o against_o s._n dunstan_n church_n in_o fleetstreet_n and_o j._n hindmarsh_n at_o the_o golden_a ball_n over_o against_o the_o royal_a exchange_n cornhill_n the_o whole_a duty_n of_o man_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n book_n i._n chap._n i._o of_o human_a action_n what_o we_o mean_v here_o by_o duty_n i._o what_o be_v duty_n the_o word_n duty_n be_v that_o action_n of_o a_o man_n which_o be_v regular_o order_v according_a to_o some_o prescribe_a law_n so_o far_o as_o he_o be_v thereto_o oblige_v to_o the_o understanding_n whereof_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o premise_v somewhat_o as_o well_o touch_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o human_a action_n as_o concern_v law_n in_o general_n by_o a_o human_a action_n we_o mean_v not_o action_n ii_o what_o a_o human_a action_n every_o motion_n that_o proceed_v from_o the_o faculty_n of_o a_o man_n but_o such_o only_a as_o have_v their_o original_a and_o direction_n from_o those_o faculty_n which_o god_n almighty_a have_v endow_v mankind_n withal_o distinct_a from_o brute_n that_o be_v such_o as_o be_v undertake_v by_o the_o light_n of_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o will._n for_o it_o be_v not_o only_o put_v in_o the_o power_n capacity_n iii_o human_a capacity_n of_o man_n to_o know_v the_o various_a thing_n which_o appear_v in_o the_o world_n to_o compare_v they_o one_o with_o another_o and_o from_o thence_o to_o form_n to_o himself_o new_a notion_n but_o he_o be_v able_a to_o look_v forward_o and_o to_o consider_v what_o he_o be_v to_o do_v and_o to_o carry_v himself_o to_o the_o performance_n of_o it_o and_o this_o to_o do_v after_o some_o certain_a manner_n and_o to_o some_o certain_a end_n and_o then_o he_o can_v collect_v what_o will_v be_v the_o
from_o peculiar_a divine_a revelation_n but_o the_o duty_n a_o man_n owe_v to_o himself_o arise_v joint_o from_o religion_n and_o from_o the_o necessity_n of_o society_n so_o that_o no_o man_n be_v so_o lord_n of_o himself_o but_o that_o there_o be_v many_o thing_n relate_v to_o himself_o which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v dispose_v altogether_o according_a to_o his_o will_n partly_o because_o of_o the_o obligation_n he_o lie_v under_o of_o be_v a_o religious_a adorer_n of_o the_o deity_n and_o partly_o that_o he_o may_v keep_v himself_o a_o useful_a and_o beneficial_a member_n of_o society_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o duty_n of_o man_n towards_o god_n or_o concern_v natural_a religion_n the_o duty_n of_o man_n towards_o god_n part_n i._o natural_a religion_n its_o part_n so_o far_o as_o can_v be_v discover_v by_o natural_a reason_n be_v comprehend_v in_o these_o two_o that_o we_o have_v true_a notion_n concern_v he_o or_o know_v he_o aright_o and_o than_o that_o we_o conform_v our_o action_n to_o his_o will_n or_o obey_v he_o as_o we_o ought_v and_o hence_o natural_a religion_n consist_v of_o two_o sort_n of_o proposition_n to_o wit_n theoretical_a or_o speculative_a and_o practical_a or_o active_a among_o those_o notion_n that_o every_o man_n ought_v to_o have_v of_o god_n the_o first_o of_o be_v ii_o that_o god_n be_v all_o be_v that_o he_o firm_o believe_v his_o existence_n that_o be_v that_o there_o be_v indeed_o some_o supreme_a and_o first_o be_v upon_o who_o this_o universe_n depend_v and_o this_o have_v be_v most_o plain_o demonstrate_v by_o learned_a and_o wise_a man_n from_o the_o subordination_n of_o cause_n to_o one_o another_o which_o must_v at_o last_o be_v find_v to_o have_v their_o original_a in_o somewhat_o that_o be_v before_o they_o all_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o motion_n from_o the_o consideration_n of_o this_o great_a machine_n the_o world_n and_o from_o the_o like_a argument_n which_o if_o any_o man_n deny_v himself_o to_o be_v able_a to_o comprehend_v he_o be_v not_o therefore_o to_o be_v excuse_v for_o his_o atheism_n for_o all_o mankind_n have_v be_v perpetual_o as_o it_o be_v possess_v of_o this_o persuasion_n that_o man_n who_o undertake_v to_o oppose_v it_o ought_v not_o only_o solid_o to_o confute_v all_o those_o argument_n that_o be_v bring_v to_o prove_v a_o god_n but_o shall_v advance_v reason_n for_o his_o own_o assertion_n which_o may_v be_v more_o plausible_a than_o those_o and_o since_o by_o this_o belief_n of_o the_o deity_n the_o weal_n of_o mankind_n may_v be_v suppose_v to_o have_v be_v hitherto_o preserve_v he_o ought_v ro_o show_v that_o atheism_n will_v better_o answer_v that_o end_n than_o sober_a religion_n and_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n now_o see_v this_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v do_v the_o wickedness_n of_o those_o man_n who_o attempt_v any_o way_n to_o eradicate_v this_o persuasion_n out_o of_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n be_v to_o be_v above_o all_o thing_n abominate_v and_o restrain_v by_o the_o severe_a punishment_n the_o second_o be_v that_o god_n be_v the_o creator_n world_n iii_o god_n the_o creator_n of_o the_o world_n of_o this_o universe_n for_o it_o be_v manifest_a from_o reason_n that_o none_o of_o these_o thing_n can_v exist_v of_o themselves_o it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a that_o they_o shall_v have_v some_o supreme_a cause_n which_o cause_n be_v the_o very_a same_o that_o we_o call_v god._n and_o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o those_o man_n be_v cheat_v who_o every_o now_o and_o then_o be_v put_v upon_o we_o nature_n forsooth_o as_o the_o original_a cause_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o effect_n for_o if_o by_o that_o word_n they_o mean_v that_o energy_n and_o power_n of_o act_v which_o we_o find_v in_o every_o thing_n this_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v of_o any_o force_n to_o prove_v there_o be_v no_o god_n that_o it_o prove_v he_o to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o itself_o but_o if_o by_o nature_n they_o will_v have_v we_o understand_v the_o supreme_a cause_n of_o all_o thing_n this_o be_v only_o out_o of_o a_o profane_a nicety_n to_o avoid_v the_o receive_v and_o plain_a appellation_n of_o god._n those_o also_o be_v in_o a_o great_a error_n who_o believe_v that_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v god_n which_o be_v the_o object_n of_o our_o sense_n and_o particular_o the_o star_n among_o the_o rest_n for_o the_o substance_n of_o these_o argue_v they_o all_o to_o derive_v their_o being_n from_o somewhat_o else_o and_o not_o to_o be_v the_o first_o thing_n in_o nature_n nor_o do_v they_o think_v less_o unworthy_o of_o god_n who_o call_v he_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o world_n for_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o world_n let_v they_o conceive_v of_o it_o as_o they_o please_v must_v signify_v a_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o how_o can_v a_o part_n of_o a_o thing_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o that_o be_v be_v something_o before_o itself_o but_o if_o by_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o world_n they_o mean_v that_o first_o and_o invisible_a be_v from_o which_o all_o thing_n receive_v their_o vigour_n life_n and_o motion_n they_o only_o obtrude_v upon_o we_o a_o obscure_a and_o figurative_a word_n for_o one_o that_o be_v plain_a and_o obvious_a from_o hence_o also_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o world_n do_v not_o exist_v from_o all_o eternity_n this_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o that_o which_o have_v a_o cause_n and_o he_o that_o assert_n that_o the_o world_n be_v eternal_a deny_v that_o it_o have_v any_o cause_n of_o its_o be_v and_o consequent_o deny_v god_n himself_o the_o three_o be_v that_o god_n govern_v the_o world_n iv_o god_n govern_v the_o world_n whole_a world_n and_o particular_o mankind_n which_o plain_o appear_v from_o the_o admirable_a and_o constant_a order_n which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o this_o universe_n and_o it_o be_v to_o the_o same_o moral_a purpose_n whether_o a_o man_n deny_v that_o god_n be_v or_o that_o he_o rule_v and_o regard_v the_o affair_n of_o man_n since_o either_o of_o they_o destroy_v all_o manner_n of_o religion_n for_o let_v he_o be_v never_o so_o excellent_a in_o himself_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o fear_v or_o worship_v he_o if_o he_o be_v altogether_o regardless_o of_o we_o and_o neither_o will_v nor_o can_v do_v we_o either_o good_a or_o hurt_n the_o four_o be_v that_o no_o attribute_n can_v perfect_a v._o god_n infinite_o perfect_a belong_v to_o god_n which_o imply_v any_o manner_n of_o imperfection_n for_o it_o will_v be_v absurd_a he_o be_v the_o cause_n and_o source_n of_o all_o thing_n for_o any_o creature_n of_o he_o to_o think_v itself_o able_a to_o form_v a_o notion_n of_o any_o perfection_n of_o which_o he_o be_v not_o full_o possess_v nay_o his_o perfection_n infinite_o surmount_v the_o capacity_n of_o so_o mean_v a_o creature_n it_o be_v most_o reasonable_a to_o express_v the_o same_o in_o negative_a rather_o than_o in_o positive_a term_n hence_o nothing_o be_v to_o be_v attribute_v to_o god_n that_o be_v finite_a or_o determinate_a because_o what_o be_v finite_a have_v always_o somewhat_o that_o be_v great_a than_o itself_o and_o whatsoever_o be_v determinate_a or_o subject_a to_o figure_n and_o form_n must_v suppose_v bound_n and_o circumscription_n neither_o can_v he_o be_v say_v to_o be_v distinct_o and_o full_o comprehend_v or_o conceive_v in_o our_o imagination_n or_o by_o any_o faculty_n of_o our_o soul_n because_o whatsoever_o we_o can_v comprehend_v full_o and_o distinct_o in_o our_o mind_n must_v be_v finite_a and_o yet_o when_o we_o pronounce_v god_n to_o be_v infinite_a we_o be_v not_o to_o think_v we_o have_v a_o full_a notion_n of_o he_o for_o by_o the_o word_n infinite_a we_o denote_v nothing_o in_o the_o thing_n itself_o but_o only_o declare_v the_o impotence_n of_o our_o understanding_n and_o we_o do_v as_o it_o be_v say_v that_o we_o be_v not_o able_a to_o comprehend_v the_o greatness_n of_o his_o essence_n hence_o also_o it_o be_v that_o we_o can_v right_o say_v of_o god_n that_o he_o have_v any_o part_n as_o neither_o that_o he_o be_v all_o any_o thing_n for_o these_o be_v attribute_n of_o thing_n finite_a nor_o that_o he_o be_v contain_v in_o any_o place_n for_o that_o denote_v limit_n and_o bound_n nor_o that_o he_o move_v or_o rest_v for_o both_o those_o suppose_v he_o to_o be_v in_o a_o place_n so_o neither_o can_v any_o thing_n be_v proper_o attribute_v to_o god_n which_o intimate_v grief_n or_o any_o passion_n such_o as_o anger_n repentance_n mercy_n i_o say_v proper_o because_o when_o we_o find_v such_o thing_n say_v of_o he_o they_o be_v to_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v their_o signification_n from_o the_o effect_n and_o not_o from_o any_o emotion_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o deity_n the_o expression_n be_v only_o conform_v to_o humane_a passion_n and_o capacity_n nor_o may_v we_o say_v
i_o may_v have_v recourse_n for_o help_v to_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n and_o here_o because_o nature_n allow_v not_o that_o upon_o every_o occasion_n we_o shall_v be_v take_v ourselves_o to_o violent_a mean_n even_o though_o we_o be_v very_o well_o satisfy_v in_o our_o conscience_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o our_o cause_n therefore_o we_o be_v first_o to_o try_v whether_o the_o matter_n may_v not_o be_v compose_v after_o a_o mild_a way_n either_o by_o a_o amicable_a reason_n of_o the_o point_n in_o question_n between_o the_o party_n themselves_o or_o by_o a_o free_a and_o unconditional_a compromise_n or_o reference_n of_o the_o debate_n to_o arbitrator_n and_o these_o referee_n be_v to_o manage_v the_o matter_n with_o a_o equal_a regard_n to_o both_o side_n and_o in_o give_v their_o award_n they_o be_v to_o have_v a_o eye_n only_o to_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o cause_n set_v aside_o all_o partial_a animosity_n or_o affection_n for_o which_o reason_n it_o be_v not_o best_o to_o choose_v any_o man_n a_o arbitrator_n in_o such_o a_o cause_n wherein_o he_o shall_v have_v great_a hope_n of_o profit_n or_o particular_a reputation_n if_o one_o party_n get_v the_o better_a rather_o than_o the_o other_o and_o consequent_o where_o it_o be_v his_o interest_n that_o that_o litigant_fw-la at_o what_o rate_n soever_o gain_v the_o point_n hence_o also_o there_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v any_o underhand_o bargain_n or_o promise_n between_o the_o umpire_n and_o either_o of_o the_o party_n by_o which_o he_o may_v be_v oblige_v to_o give_v his_o judgement_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o same_o now_o in_o this_o affair_n if_o the_o arbitrator_n can_v find_v out_o the_o truth_n in_o fact_n neither_o from_o the_o confession_n of_o the_o party_n nor_o from_o apparent_a write_n nor_o any_o other_o manifest_a argument_n and_o sign_n he_o must_v then_o inform_v himself_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o witness_n who_o though_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n oblige_v especial_o be_v usual_o reinforce_v by_o the_o religion_n of_o a_o oath_n to_o speak_v the_o truth_n yet_o it_o be_v most_o safe_a not_o to_o admit_v the_o evidence_n of_o such_o as_o be_v so_o peculiar_o affect_v to_o one_o party_n that_o their_o conscience_n will_v be_v force_v to_o struggle_v with_o the_o passion_n either_o of_o love_n hatred_n desire_v of_o revenge_n any_o violent_a affection_n of_o the_o mind_n or_o else_o some_o strict_a friendship_n or_o dependence_n all_o or_o any_o of_o which_o every_o man_n be_v not_o endue_v with_o constancy_n enough_o to_o surmount_v controversy_n also_o be_v frequent_o make_v a_o end_n of_o by_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o common_a friend_n of_o each_o party_n which_o to_o do_v be_v deserve_o account_v among_o the_o best_a action_n of_o a_o good_a man_n for_o the_o rest_n in_o this_o state_n when_o performance_n be_v not_o make_v good_a by_o either_o side_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n the_o other_o seek_v his_o due_a after_o what_o manner_n he_o like_v best_o now_o though_o it_o be_v the_o will_n of_o nature_n nature_n xi_o uncertainty_n of_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n itself_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o sort_n of_o kindred_n between_o all_o mankind_n by_o virtue_n of_o which_o they_o may_v be_v oblige_v at_o least_o not_o to_o hurt_v one_o another_o but_o rather_o to_o assist_v and_o contribute_v to_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o fellow_n yet_o this_o alliance_n be_v find_v to_o be_v but_o of_o little_a force_n among_o those_o who_o live_v promiscuous_o in_o a_o state_n of_o natural_a liberty_n so_o that_o any_o man_n who_o be_v not_o under_o the_o same_o law_n and_o possibility_n of_o coercion_n with_o ourselves_o or_o with_o who_o we_o live_v loose_o and_o free_a from_o any_o obligation_n in_o the_o say_a state_n be_v not_o indeed_o to_o be_v treat_v as_o a_o enemy_n but_o may_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o friend_n not_o too_o free_o to_o be_v trust_v and_o the_o reason_n hereof_o be_v that_o man_n not_o only_o be_v accomplish_v with_o a_o ability_n to_o do_v mischief_n to_o his_o like_a but_o for_o many_o cause_n have_v also_o a_o will_v so_o to_o do_v for_o some_o the_o pravity_n of_o their_o nature_n ambition_n or_o covetousness_n incite_v to_o make_v insult_v upon_o other_o man_n other_o though_o of_o a_o meek_a and_o modest_a nature_n be_v force_v to_o use_v violence_n either_o in_o defend_v themselves_o from_o imminent_a outrage_n or_o by_o way_n of_o prevention_n beside_o that_o a_o rivalship_n in_o the_o desire_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n in_o some_o and_o in_o other_o competition_n for_o priority_n in_o one_o quality_n or_o other_o shall_v set_v they_o at_o variance_n so_o that_o in_o this_o state_n it_o be_v hardly_o possible_a but_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v perpetual_a jealousy_n mistrust_n design_n of_o undo_v each_o other_o eagerness_n to_o prevent_v every_o one_o his_o fellow_n or_o hope_n of_o make_v addition_n to_o his_o own_o strength_n by_o the_o ruin_n of_o other_o therefore_o as_o it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o every_o honest_a man_n to_o be_v content_a with_o his_o own_o and_o not_o to_o give_v provocation_n to_o his_o neighbour_n nor_o to_o covet_v that_o which_o be_v he_o so_o also_o it_o behoove_v he_o who_o will_v be_v as_o wary_a as_o be_v needful_a and_o who_o be_v willing_a to_o take_v care_n of_o his_o own_o good_a so_o to_o take_v all_o man_n for_o his_o friend_n as_o not_o to_o suppose_v yet_o but_o that_o the_o same_o may_v quick_o become_v his_o enemy_n so_o to_o cultivate_v peace_n with_o all_o man_n as_o to_o be_v provide_v though_o it_o be_v never_o so_o soon_o change_v to_o enmity_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n happy_a be_v that_o commonwealth_n where_o in_o time_n of_o quietness_n consideration_n be_v have_v of_o requisite_n for_o war._n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o duty_n of_o the_o marry_a state_n among_o those_o state_n of_o man_n which_o matrimony_n i._o matrimony_n we_o have_v call_v adventitious_a or_o in_o which_o a_o man_n be_v place_v by_o some_o antecedent_n humane_a act_n matrimony_n obtain_v the_o first_o place_n which_o also_o be_v the_o chief_a representation_n of_o the_o social_n life_n and_o the_o seedplot_n of_o mankind_n and_o first_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o that_o ardent_a nature_n ii_o institute_v by_o nature_n propensity_n find_v to_o be_v in_o both_o sex_n to_o each_o other_o be_v not_o implant_v in_o they_o by_o the_o alwise_a creator_n mere_o that_o they_o may_v receive_v the_o satisfaction_n of_o a_o vain_a pleasure_n for_o have_v it_o be_v so_o nothing_o can_v have_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o great_a brutishness_n and_o confusion_n in_o the_o world_n but_o that_o hereby_o marry_a person_n may_v take_v the_o great_a delight_n in_o each_o other_o company_n and_o that_o both_o might_n with_o the_o more_o cheerfulness_n apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o necessary_a business_n of_o propagation_n and_o go_v through_o those_o care_n and_o trouble_n which_o accompany_v the_o breed_n and_o education_n of_o child_n hence_o it_o follow_v that_o all_o use_v of_o the_o part_n destine_v by_o nature_n for_o this_o work_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n natural_a if_o it_o tend_v not_o to_o this_o end_n on_o which_o account_n also_o be_v forbid_v all_o lust_n for_o a_o different_a species_n or_o for_o the_o same_o sex_n all_o filthy_a pollution_n and_o indeed_o all_o copulation_n out_o of_o the_o state_n of_o matrimony_n whether_o with_o the_o mutual_a consent_n of_o both_o party_n or_o against_o the_o will_n of_o the_o woman_n the_o obligation_n under_o which_o we_o lie_v to_o matrimony_n iii_o obligation_n to_o matrimony_n contract_v matrimony_n may_v be_v consider_v either_o with_o respect_n to_o mankind_n in_o general_n or_o to_o our_o particular_a station_n and_o relation_n in_o the_o world_n the_o strength_n of_o the_o former_a of_o these_o consist_v in_o this_o that_o the_o propagation_n of_o mankind_n neither_o can_v nor_o aught_o to_o be_v keep_v up_o by_o promiscuous_a and_o uncertain_a copulation_n but_o be_v to_o be_v limit_v and_o circumscribe_v by_o the_o law_n of_o wedlock_n and_o only_o to_o be_v endeavour_v in_o a_o marry_a state_n for_o without_o this_o no_o man_n can_v imagine_v any_o decency_n or_o orderly_a society_n among_o man_n nor_o any_o observation_n of_o the_o civil_a rule_n of_o life_n but_o man_n single_o consider_v be_v oblige_v to_o enter_v the_o matrimonial_a state_n when_o a_o convenient_a occasion_n offer_v itself_o whereto_o also_o not_o only_o a_o mature_a age_n and_o a_o ability_n for_o generation-work_a be_v necessary_a but_o there_o ought_v beside_o to_o be_v a_o possibility_n of_o light_v on_o a_o person_n of_o the_o like_a condition_n and_o a_o capacity_n of_o maintain_v a_o wife_n and_o the_o posterity_n she_o shall_v bring_v forth_o and_o that_o the_o man_n may_v be_v such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v fit_a to_o become_v the_o
trust_n in_o order_n to_o cohabitation_n in_o the_o family_n between_o the_o victor_n and_o the_o vanquish_a person_n all_o past_a hostility_n be_v to_o be_v account_v as_o forgive_v and_o then_o the_o master_n do_v wrong_a even_o to_o a_o servant_n thus_o acquire_v if_o he_o allow_v he_o not_o necessary_n for_o life_n or_o exercise_v cruelty_n to_o he_o without_o cause_n and_o much_o more_o if_o he_o take_v â—o_o way_n his_o life_n when_o he_o have_v commit_v no_o fault_n to_o deserve_v it_o it_o be_v also_o the_o practice_n to_o pace_v away_o on_o alienable_n v._o alienable_n property_n in_o such_o slave_n who_o be_v take_v in_o war_n or_o buy_v with_o our_o money_n to_o when_o we_o please_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o we_o do_v our_o other_o good_n and_o commodity_n so_o that_o the_o body_n of_o such_o servant_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v a_o chattel_n of_o his_o master_n and_o i_o yet_o here_o humanity_n bid_v we_o not_o to_o forget_v that_o this_o servant_n be_v a_o man_n however_o and_o therefore_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v treat_v as_o we_o do_v our_o movable_n use_v they_o or_o abuse_v they_o oâ—_n destroy_v they_o as_o willist_n and_o when_o we_o all_o mind_a to_o part_v with_o he_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o deliver_v he_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o such_o as_o we_o know_v will_v abuse_v he_o inhumane_o and_o undeserved_o last_o it_o be_v every_o where_o allow_v that_o slave_n vi_o offspring_n of_o slave_n the_o progeny_n of_o parent_n who_o be_v bondman_n be_v also_o in_o a_o servile_a state_n and_o belong_v 〈◊〉_d slave_n to_o the_o owner_n of_o their_o mother_n which_o be_v justify_v by_o this_o argument_n that_o whosoever_o be_v proprietor_n of_o the_o body_n be_v also_o proprietor_n of_o whatsoever_o be_v the_o product_n thereof_o and_o because_o such_o issue_n have_v never_o be_v bear_v if_o the_o master_n have_v execute_v the_o rigour_n of_o war_n upon_o the_o parent_n and_o for_o that_o the_o parent_n have_v nothing_o she_o can_v call_v she_o own_o the_o off_o spring_n can_v otherwise_o be_v bring_v up_o but_o at_o her_o master_n charge_n whereas_o therefore_o the_o master_n afford_v such_o infant_n nourishment_n long_o before_o his_o service_n can_v be_v of_o any_o use_n to_o he_o and_o whereas_o all_o the_o follow_a service_n of_o his_o life_n can_v not_o much_o exceed_v the_o value_n of_o his_o maintenance_n he_o be_v not_o to_o leave_v his_o master_n service_n without_o his_o consent_n but_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o since_o these_o bondman_n come_v into_o a_o state_n of_o servitude_n not_o by_o any_o fault_n of_o their_o own_o there_o can_v be_v no_o pretence_n they_o shall_v be_v otherwise_o deal_v withal_o than_o as_o if_o they_o be_v in_o the_o condition_n of_o perpetual_a hire_a servant_n chap._n v._o the_o impulsive_a cause_n of_o constitute_v community_n although_o there_o be_v hardly_o any_o delight_n necessary_a i._o this_o enquiry_n necessary_a or_o advantage_n but_o what_o may_v be_v obtain_v from_o those_o duty_n of_o which_o we_o have_v already_o discourse_v it_o remain_v nevertheless_o that_o we_o inquire_v into_o the_o reason_n why_o man_n not_o content_v themselves_o with_o those_o primitive_a and_o small_a society_n have_v found_v such_o as_o be_v more_o ample_n call_v community_n for_o from_o these_o ground_n and_o foundation_n be_v to_o be_v deduce_v the_o reason_n of_o those_o duty_n which_o mere_o relate_v to_o this_o civil_a state_n of_o mankind_n here_o therefore_o it_o suffice_v not_o to_o say_v herein_o ii_o difficulty_n herein_o that_o man_n be_v by_o nature_n incline_v to_o civil_a society_n so_o as_o he_o neither_o can_v nor_o will_v live_v without_o it_o for_o since_o indeed_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o man_n be_v such_o a_o kind_n of_o creature_n as_o have_v a_o most_o tender_a affection_n for_o himself_o and_o his_o own_o good_a it_o be_v manifest_a that_o when_o he_o so_o earnest_o seek_v after_o civil_a society_n he_o respect_v some_o particular_a advantage_n that_o will_v accrue_v to_o he_o thence_o and_o although_o without_o society_n with_o his_o fellow-creature_n man_n will_v be_v the_o most_o miserable_a of_o all_o creature_n yet_o since_o the_o natural_a desire_n and_o necessity_n of_o mankind_n may_v be_v abundant_o satisfy_v by_o those_o primitive_a kind_n of_o society_n and_o by_o those_o duty_n to_o which_o we_o be_v oblige_v either_o by_o humanity_n or_o contract_n it_o can_v immediate_o be_v conclude_v from_o this_o natural_a society_n between_o man_n and_o man_n that_o his_o nature_n and_o temper_n do_v direct_o incline_v he_o to_o the_o form_n of_o civil_a community_n which_o will_v more_o evident_o appear_v enquiry_n iii_o twofold_a enquiry_n if_o we_o consider_v what_o condition_n mankind_n be_v place_v in_o by_o the_o constitution_n of_o civil_a community_n what_o be_v require_v that_o he_o may_v be_v true_o say_v to_o be_v a_o political_n animal_n or_o good_a patriot_n and_o subject_a and_o last_o what_o aversion_n may_v be_v discover_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n to_o live_v in_o such_o civil_a community_n whosoever_o become_v a_o subject_a state_n iu._n natural_a state_n immediate_o lose_v his_o natural_a liberty_n and_o submit_v himself_o to_o some_o authority_n which_o be_v vest_v with_o the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n and_o by_o the_o command_v of_o which_o many_o thing_n must_v be_v do_v which_o otherwise_o he_o will_v have_v be_v no_o way_n willing_a to_o do_v and_o many_o thing_n must_v be_v let_v alone_o to_o which_o he_o have_v a_o strong_a inclination_n beside_o most_o of_o his_o action_n must_v terminate_v in_o the_o public_a good_a which_o in_o many_o case_n seem_v to_o clash_v with_o private_a man_n advantage_n but_o man_n by_o his_o natural_a inclination_n be_v carry_v to_o this_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o no_o one_o to_o do_v all_o thing_n as_o he_o list_v and_o in_o every_o thing_n to_o consult_v his_o single_a advantage_n but_o we_o call_v he_o a_o political_n animal_n state_n v._o civil_a state_n or_o true_a patriot_n and_o good_a subject_n who_o ready_o obey_v the_o command_n of_o his_o governor_n who_o endeavour_n with_o his_o utmost_a to_o promote_v the_o public_a good_a and_o after_o that_o regard_v his_o private_a affair_n nay_o more_o who_o esteem_v nothing_o profitable_a to_o himself_o unless_o the_o same_o be_v likewise_o profitable_a to_o the_o community_n last_o who_o carry_v himself_o fair_o towards_o his_o fellow-subject_n but_o there_o be_v few_o man_n to_o be_v find_v who_o temper_n be_v natural_o thus_o well_o incline_v the_o great_a part_n be_v restrain_v mere_o for_o fear_n of_o punishment_n and_o many_o continue_v all_o their_o lifetime_n ill_a subject_n and_o unsociable_a creature_n furthermore_o there_o be_v no_o creature_n state_n vi_o civil_a state_n whatsoever_o more_o fierce_a or_o untameable_a than_o man_n or_o which_o be_v prone_a to_o more_o vice_n that_o be_v apt_a to_o disturb_v the_o peace_n and_o security_n of_o the_o public_a for_o beside_o his_o inordinate_a appetite_n to_o eat_v drink_v and_o venery_n to_o which_o brute_n beast_n be_v likewise_o subject_a mankind_n be_v incline_v to_o many_o vice_n to_o which_o brute_n be_v altogether_o stranger_n as_o be_v the_o unsatiable_a desire_n and_o thirst_n after_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v altogether_o superfluous_a and_o unnecessary_a and_o above_o all_o to_o that_o worst_a of_o evil_n ambition_n also_o a_o too_o last_a resentment_n and_o memory_n of_o injury_n and_o a_o desire_n of_o revenge_n increase_v more_o and_o more_o by_o length_n of_o time_n beside_o a_o infinite_a diversity_n of_o inclination_n and_o affection_n and_o a_o certain_a stiffness_n and_o obstinacy_n in_o every_o one_o to_o indulge_v his_o own_o particular_a humour_n and_o fancy_n moreover_o man_n take_v so_o great_a delight_n in_o exercise_v his_o cruelty_n over_o his_o fellow-creature_n that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o evil_n and_o mischief_n to_o which_o mankind_n be_v obnoxious_a be_v whole_o owe_v to_o the_o merciless_a rage_n and_o violence_n of_o other_o men._n therefore_o the_o genuine_a and_o principal_a change_n vii_o reason_n change_n reason_n which_o induce_v master_n of_o family_n to_o quit_v their_o own_o natural_a liberty_n and_o to_o form_v themselves_o into_o community_n be_v that_o they_o may_v provide_v for_o themselves_o a_o security_n and_o defence_n against_o the_o evil_n and_o mischief_n that_o be_v incident_a to_o man_n from_o one_o another_o for_o as_o next_o under_o god_n one_o man_n be_v most_o capable_a of_o be_v helpful_a to_o another_o so_o the_o same_o may_v be_v no_o less_o prejudicial_a and_o hurtful_a to_o one_o another_o and_o those_o person_n have_v entertain_v a_o right_a conception_n of_o the_o malice_n of_o man_n and_o the_o remedy_n thereof_o who_o have_v admit_v this_o as_o a_o common_a maxim_n and_o proverb_n that_o unless_o there_o be_v court_n of_o judicature_n one_o man_n will_v