Linguistic DNA - Concept Modelling Demonstrator

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
nature_n	bread_n	remain_v	substance_n	8,998	5	9.2009	5	true

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A65779	Controversy-logicke, or, The methode to come to truth in debates of religion written by Thomas White, Gentleman.	White, Thomas, 1593-1676.	1659 (1659)	Wing W1816; ESTC R8954	77,289	240

say or are pretended to say in expresse termes or equivalent ones the proponents Conclusion so that the outward face of the wordes is plaine for his Tenet As when Catholikes produce the following Texts this is my body Simon the first The Gates of hell shall not prevaile against my Church whose sinnes you forgive shall be forgiven and any the like upon which occasion I may not forbeare to note that Protestants have not any one text of this kind against Catholikes unlesse they make use of the precept of not making graven images which concerneth Christians no more then doth the sacrificing of a Lambe att Easter Both of them being commands given singly to the Jewes Or else they are such Texts as though they do not containe the proponents conclusion in expresse wordes yet he pretendeth that it followeth out of the sense of them Now in these Texts there may be a double incertitude First whether the place alleaged do signify what the proponent pretendeth Secondly whether his conclusion would follow though that were granted Now in both these kindes of Texts When the Argument is drawne out of the force of the words and their force no other then from the Grammaticall or Dictionary-sense of those wordes it is ordinarily a pittifull weake Argument and the whole Disputation is no better then boyes-play and but like a construing of Terence It being almost if not alltogether impossible in our controversies to find a Text of Scripture absolutely convincing and consequently fitt to be insisted upon The reason whereof is that the downe right signification of a word especially in discourses when the Author doth not deliver his mind in a Dogmaticall way is more wavering and changeable then the Aspin leafe I remember how as I once pressed to a disputant this which I now say hee immediatly objected this Text to me Abraham genuit Isaac which he took to be unexplicable in any other sense then that Abraham was Isaacs Father I was not att the present furnished with the diverse explicationse of the word Genuit But God provided me an answere out of the first of St. Mathew where it is said Ioras genuit Oziam and yet there were some intermediate generations betweene Ioras and Ozias Whence it was clear that out of the bare wordes Abraham genuit Isaac it could not be Demonstratively inferred that Abraham was Isaacs Father Now after such an instance what evidence can be expected out of the simple signification of wordes Besides who can be so shallow as to imagine that a Sect which hath men of any wit in it should maintaine a position against that sense of the letter which every Boy can penetrate but that it hath armed it selfe with some subterfuge which ordinarily speaking can not be weaker then the argument that dependeth upon so variable a ground as the use of wordes in human speech Neverthelesse this kind of arguing is the most used and much vaunted of As for example The Lutherans and the Calvinists agree in saying there is bread in the blessed Sacrament Their argument against Catholikes who allow it not to be so is that Christ called it bread after Consecration If you answer them that he doth not call it barely Bread but this bread or bread of life or with some other character to distinguish it from ordinary Bread They presently cry out that the wor Bread signifyeth bread made of wheate and turne to their Dictionary to justify that signification and sing victory as if nothing were answered So when they presse these wordes out of the English translation Hee tooke bread blessed it broke it and gave it If you desire instead of the word blessed it to putt in turned it into his body telling them that the blessing was the saying this is my body and the saying so was the very turning of the bread into his body If you reply thus they will grow impatient as if you committed an intollerable absurdity and aske you in what Dictionary or in what Author to blesse signifyeth to turne into ones body and will not heare that since in this case blessing was the pronouncing of such words it must of necessity signify the turning into his body Is it possible that otherwise witty men should be so overweaned of their owne side as to believe there is any force in such allegations which every Schoole-boy that construeth not by rote but understandeth what he sayth is able to discover The reason as I conceive of this low and shallow impertinency is that this disputative kind of men never raised their understanding to Geometricall Demonstrations or to any solide discourse and indeed not beyond the practise of Grammar rules in Scripture and some quainte Criticisme of the same pitch and therefore may be of a fitt cise to talke in a pulpit to a vulgar auditory or to cavill about wordes before unlearned persons who were never present att a solide Disputation nor are capable of the rigour or strict lawes of such a one But they are not strong enough to frame an argument that may beare water and endure the touch among judicious examiners Though like junior Sophisters they can pop out a great many slight objections and ruine a large course from one to an other to make a shew of learning without any substance of it Such a kind of Argument in the last mentioned question of the Eucharist is their great Achilles out of Theodoret and an obscute writer called Gelasius who say the nature of bread remaineth after consecration If you answer them that the word Nature signifyeth Quality even in our ordinary Manner of speech and that so they have gained nothing by the allegation of these authorities since we acknowledge and se that the Quality of bread remaineth after Consecration They againe cry Victory as before as if the most Grammaticall signification of one single word must cawy the bayes without any consideration of the circumstant words or of the connexion of the sense Which if any Schoole-boy of an upperforme should doe he could not but expect a smarte reward from his Master And yet these petty slight argumeÌ„ts out of Scripture are in a Manner the stroÌ„gest they have by which they endeavour to overthrow the ReligioÌ„ of their fore-fathers An other kinde of argument is frequent with them which is yet weaker theÌ„ this It is wheÌ„ from some superficial sound of words that signify no such thing as the conclusioÌ„ they are to prove they take occasion to alledge a sentence of Scripture that in effect is nothing to the question in hand and yet they will make a noise that Scripture is cleare against you As when Esay 58. they cite your wills are found in your fastings to proove that voluntary fasts are unlawfull or Matt. 15 That which entereth into the mouth defileth not the soule But that which cometh out froÌ„ the heart And against works of super errogation Luke 17. When you have done all that is commanded you say you are

word Father But as it is a substance â—ove it is not well expressed by either â—f these names but by the common â—ame of an Holy Spirit or Ghost made proper by want of a proper expression And this is that wee meane when we â—ay there are in God three Persons Faâ—her Sonne and Holy Ghost This indivisible thing we call God â—nd professe that he made time and in or with the beginning of time all other â—hings Whether spirituall and indivisible or bodily and subject to division and corruption or mortality Among the rest and as the principall of these Creatures which we know by our sense and conversation he made Man that is one man and one woman Hee made them such that by the corruption they were subject unto they should not be extinguished like the other Creatures sett round about them but should remaine spirituall things capable seeing him and of eternall happinesse These two he created in such state that reason was in them more powerfull then sense And could with ease have kept them from all unreasonable actions and from the unhappy effects of them had not the Envy of an other Intellectuall creature whom we call the Divell seduced the woman and by her meanes made the man also eate of fruits which they were fore-warned would bring them death and misery By this meanes disorder being brought into the two first men both in body and soule all their progeny became vicious every child drawing from his parents disorderly inclinations which avert him from the love and care of true Blisse and which strengthned by custome and opinion were able to carry the whole masse of Mankinde to eternall infelicity the just and deserved punishment of this default and its evill consequents This slavery of Man kinde to sinne was so strong that God Almighty was forced to lett great raines destroy it all reserving by his mercy onely 8. persons to people the world a new making the world it selfe much lesse distractive or inveighing with the pleasures of it by making it fuller of miseries And after a while againe he was forced to pitch upon one man and his seede neglecting the rest to conserve in them though weakely by lawes and speciall government the seedes of vertue often strengthening them by extraordinary meanes and encreasing their knowledge Yet for all that vertue faded much in them This people he governed first in Republike afterwardes in Royalty and lastly by Priests untill notwithstanding all his care and their science the people was growne into an extremity of perversenesse Then he came to the last remedy and taking or as it were grafting into his owne substance the nature of Man became the teacher and example to Man-kinde of all vertuous actions and good life And because mans nature was grafted by its noblest part that is by his Meus or roote of understanding to which God as a substance knowledge hath proportion It is rightly delivered unto us that the sonne of God tooke flesh upon him to be our guide and rule and not the Father or Holy Ghost though they both of them are inseparably in him So God who by his Ministers had hitherto instructed mankinde by Allegories and similitudes proportionable to their carnall imbecillity Now in his owne person opened the way to heaven in as plaine termes as mans nature is capable of teaching to abstract our selves from the love of creatures and to adhere to him by love of future blisse of our soules Having compleated the course of his teaching by word and example and having shewed us how to beare not feare the miseries of this world even death it selfe he thought good to give us a scantling of our future blisse of body being raised to life the third day after his death and during 40. days shewing us a new Nature which our bodies are to obtaine in the last resurrection if so we deserve it During his abode upon earth he chose certain believers called Apostles and under them did sett a number of disciples gave them authority to preach and practised them in it even during his owne life but ordered them more especially towards his departure how they should behave themselves in the conversion of Jewes and Gentils and how they should governe the people they converted and brought to his beliefe After this he left them ascending in their sight above the cloudes And after 10. dayes according to his promise he so replenished them with faith and charity that he made them fitt Executors of his commands and instruments of building the Church he intended to spread over all nations He gave them fervour of heart knowledge of tongues and power of miracles together with discretion to use all to the end for which he designed them This Church being to consist of all man-kinde as one Body-Politike He thought fitt to sett universall rules of certaine externall actions and practises common to all by and in which they should communicate together and know one another And the maine scope of this instruction being to bring Men to the honour and service of God He made likewise for the principall of our eternall actioÌ„s one to be a publike testimony and recognisance that God is the sole Author of good to us and absolute Master of Life and death of Being and of Not-Being Such a ceremony is called a Sacrifice This he did immediatly before his death taking bread and wine and after imposition of his handes or blessing them he assured us that the thing he then gave was that very body which was to be wounded and that very Bloud which was to be shed for us And so against all prejudice of sense wee believe that the substances of bread and wine were changed really into the substance of this body and bloud notwithstanding that the Natures that is all the operations and resemblances of bread and wine do remaine as before This he commanded his Apostles to doe and by mediation of this sacrifice or obtestation or highest Prayer to obtaine for the quicke and the dead what ever is fitt to be impetrated for them He commanded also that doing this we should remember or rather commemorate that is offer in a human phrase to Gods remembrance his death and passion For as it is a true sacrifice by the reall and locall parting of his body and blood so this being done under the shapes of bread and wine becometh a figure and allegory of the reall and blondy separation of them made upon the holy Crosse This sacrifice performed which convenient ceremonies we usually call the Masse This incorporation of all Christians into the body of Christ by participation of this sacrifice is the highest motive of love to Christ and to one another that can fall into mans heart and therefore hath ever been a symbol or token of peace among Christians and is esteemed the Mystery or sacrament of Charity But because Christian life consisteth of seven vertues three Theologicall and foure Cardinall Christ delivered other six

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