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nature_n blood_n part_n vein_n 2,409 5 9.8272 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A47113 The anatomy of the humane body abridged, or, A short and full view of all the parts of the body together with their several uses drawn from their compositions and structures. Keill, James, 1673-1719. 1698 (1698) Wing K131; ESTC R16835 145,956 365

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careful_o observe_v to_o give_v a_o entire_a and_o uninterrupted_a description_n of_o such_o part_n as_o have_v a_o dependence_n upon_o one_o another_o that_o by_o pass_v from_o one_o thing_n to_o another_o in_o a_o natural_a order_n i_o may_v avoid_v the_o confusion_n which_o such_o a_o multiplicity_n of_o thing_n will_v occasion_v otherwise_o the_o osteology_n and_o myology_n i_o think_v be_v very_o plain_a and_o exact_a for_o the_o use_v of_o surgeon_n and_o in_o all_o there_o be_v several_a thing_n which_o have_v scarce_o be_v observe_v before_o in_o this_o small_a treatise_n there_o be_v no_o cut_n because_o i_o be_o of_o the_o opinion_n that_o unless_o cut_v be_v extraordinary_o well_o do_v they_o do_v more_o harm_n than_o good_a and_o to_o have_v contrive_v fine_a cut_n for_o so_o small_a a_o volume_n will_v have_v be_v both_o very_a difficult_a and_o expensive_a this_o be_v sufficient_a to_o they_o who_o have_v see_v dissection_n and_o such_o as_o be_v curious_a for_o cut_n may_v have_v in_o
spleen_n be_v not_o only_o keep_v together_o by_o its_o common_a membrane_n but_o also_o by_o innumerable_a fibre_n which_o come_v from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o internal_a membrane_n and_o be_v insert_v in_o the_o point_n of_o the_o opposite_a side_n of_o the_o same_o membrane_n the_o expansion_n of_o the_o extremity_n of_o these_o fibre_n seem_v to_o compose_v the_o internal_a membrane_n spleen_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o spleen_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o spleen_n be_v compose_v of_o a_o infinity_o of_o membrane_n which_o form_n little_a cell_n and_o cavity_n of_o different_a figure_n and_o bigness_n which_o communicate_v with_o one_o another_o and_o which_o be_v full_a of_o little_a gland_n the_o membrane_n which_o form_n these_o cell_n come_v from_o the_o internal_a membrane_n of_o the_o spleen_n but_o malpighius_n think_v rather_o from_o the_o sinus_n venosus_fw-la by_o which_o they_o all_o communicate_v not_o only_o at_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o capillary_a branch_n but_o also_o at_o some_o small_a hole_n which_o be_v in_o the_o trunk_n and_o great_a branch_n of_o this_o vein_n which_o open_v immediate_o into_o the_o cell_n these_o membrane_n be_v nourish_v by_o the_o capillary_a artery_n which_o frequent_o make_v small_a plexus_fw-la upon_o they_o gland_n of_o its_o gland_n these_o membranous_a cell_n be_v full_a of_o small_a gland_n of_o a_o oval_a figure_n a_o soft_a substance_n and_o a_o white_a colour_n they_o seem_v to_o be_v hollow_a in_o the_o middle_n there_o be_v seven_o or_o eight_o of_o they_o together_o which_o hang_v at_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o nerve_n and_o artery_n as_o so_o many_o little_a grape_n vein_n of_o its_o vein_n the_o spleen_n have_v nerve_n vein_n and_o artery_n which_o no_o soon_o enter_v its_o substance_n than_o they_o be_v receive_v in_o one_o common_a capsula_fw-la which_o contain_v not_o only_o their_o great_a trunk_n but_o all_o their_o branch_n this_o capsula_fw-la be_v thick_a in_o that_o side_n that_o the_o nerve_n and_o artery_n lie_v on_o but_o thin_a and_o like_a a_o net_n than_o a_o membrane_n on_o the_o side_n that_o the_o vein_n lie_v on_o the_o splenick_n vein_n come_v from_o the_o porta_n before_o it_o enter_v the_o spleen_n it_o have_v two_o coat_n the_o inner_a fine_a and_o thin_a the_o outer_a strong_a and_o thick_a which_o go_v no_o further_a than_o the_o internal_a membrane_n of_o the_o spleen_n with_o which_o it_o unite_v this_o vein_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o or_o four_o branch_n each_o of_o which_o send_v out_o other_o at_o a_o certain_a distance_n by_o two_o and_o two_o and_o all_o these_o end_n in_o the_o cell_n of_o the_o spleen_n in_o its_o great_a branch_n on_o the_o opposite_a side_n to_o that_o whereon_o the_o artery_n and_o nerve_n lie_v there_o be_v many_o little_a hole_n which_o open_v immediate_o into_o the_o cell_n as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o it_o be_v not_o the_o same_o in_o the_o artery_n the_o splenick_n artery_n come_v from_o the_o coeliaca_fw-la artery_n artery_n as_o soon_o as_o it_o enter_v the_o spleen_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o as_o many_o branch_n as_o the_o vein_n which_o it_o accompany_v through_o all_o its_o substance_n and_o its_o capillary_a branch_n terminate_v in_o the_o cell_n and_o gland_n the_o nerve_n be_v two_o from_o the_o plexus_fw-la splenicus_fw-la nerve_n nerve_n they_o accompany_v the_o artery_n with_o which_o they_o be_v include_v in_o a_o particular_a capsule_n which_o come_v from_o the_o common_a capsule_n they_o inosculate_v several_a time_n and_o form_v a_o sort_n of_o net_n upon_o their_o particular_a capsule_n spleen_n the_o use_n of_o the_o spleen_n the_o true_a use_n of_o the_o spleen_n be_v yet_o unknown_a the_o ancient_n thought_n that_o it_o be_v the_o receptacle_n of_o the_o melancholic_a humour_n some_o consider_v that_o in_o the_o spleen_n there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o membrane_n and_o fibre_n and_o also_o many_o nerve_n think_v that_o the_o blood_n be_v attenuate_v and_o become_v more_o spirituous_a in_o the_o spleen_n and_o consider_v that_o the_o most_o of_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o liver_n come_v immediate_o from_o the_o spleen_n and_o omentum_fw-la they_o think_v that_o the_o one_o furnish_v the_o oleaginous_a the_o other_o the_o spirituous_a part_n of_o the_o bile_n this_o opinion_n seem_v pretty_a probable_a but_o then_o to_o what_o end_n be_v the_o gland_n in_o the_o spleen_n other_o therefore_o to_o give_v a_o use_n to_o the_o gland_n think_v that_o they_o separate_v a_o liquor_n from_o the_o nerve_n and_o arterial_a blood_n which_o be_v carry_v by_o the_o porta_n to_o the_o liver_n but_o then_o to_o what_o end_n be_v a_o liquor_n separate_v from_o the_o blood_n to_o be_v immediate_o mix_v with_o it_o again_o nature_n have_v give_v to_o the_o gland_n every_o where_o else_o their_o proper_a excretory_n vessel_n by_o which_o we_o know_v their_o several_a use_n and_o till_o we_o discover_v those_o of_o the_o spleen_n it_o be_v probable_a we_o shall_v be_v ignorant_a of_o its_o true_a use_n sect_n fourteen_o of_o the_o kidney_n glandulae_fw-la renales_fw-la vreter_n and_o bladder_n kidney_n of_o the_o number_n and_o figura_fw-la of_o the_o kidney_n the_o kidney_n be_v two_o in_o number_n one_o on_o each_o side_n they_o have_v the_o same_o figure_n as_o the_o kidney-bean_n their_o length_n be_v four_o or_o five_o finger_n breadth_n their_o breadth_n be_v three_o and_o their_o thickness_n two_o the_o right_n be_v under_o the_o liver_n and_o the_o leave_v under_o the_o spleen_n in_o a_o foetus_fw-la their_o external_n substance_n be_v divide_v into_o several_a lobe_n join_v together_o which_o in_o adult_n become_v more_o close_o therefore_o their_o superficies_n be_v equal_a and_o smooth_a they_o have_v two_o membrane_n the_o one_o common_a from_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la the_o other_o proper_a they_o be_v ordinary_o cover_v with_o much_o fat_a their_o colour_n be_v a_o dark_a red_a vessel_n of_o their_o vessel_n we_o observe_v in_o the_o kidney_n lymphatic_a vessel_n which_o discharge_v themselves_o into_o pecquet_n reservatory_n nerve_n which_o come_v from_o the_o intercostal_n vein_n from_o the_o cava_fw-la artery_n from_o the_o aorta_fw-la these_o vein_n and_o artery_n be_v call_v emulgent_n they_o enter_v the_o reins_o by_o their_o concave_a side_n which_o lie_v near_a the_o cava_fw-la and_o aorta_fw-la include_v in_o one_o capsule_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o several_a branch_n which_o surround_v the_o pelvis_n these_o branch_n be_v again_o divide_v into_o a_o infinity_n of_o other_o less_o which_o go_v to_o the_o external_a part_n of_o the_o reins_o where_o they_o join_v by_o several_a anastomosis_n and_o form_n a_o sort_n of_o net_n from_o which_o their_o extremity_n come_v terminate_v in_o a_o infinity_n of_o little_a gland_n substance_n their_o substance_n these_o gland_n be_v of_o a_o round_a figure_n they_o compose_v the_o outer_a substance_n of_o the_o reins_o which_o be_v half_a a_o finger_n thick_a from_o each_o of_o they_o there_o go_v a_o long_a and_o small_a tube_n these_o tube_n compose_v the_o inner_a substance_n of_o the_o reins_o as_o they_o approach_v the_o pelvis_n or_o bason_n they_o gather_v together_o in_o little_a bundle_n who_o extremity_n pierce_v the_o membrane_n of_o the_o pelvis_n form_n those_o little_a protuberance_n on_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o pelvis_n call_v papillae_fw-la pelvis_n of_o the_o pelvis_n the_o pelvis_n or_o bason_n be_v a_o cavity_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o kidney_n cover_v with_o a_o membrane_n which_o be_v a_o dilation_n of_o the_o ureter_n and_o from_o the_o external_n side_n of_o this_o membrane_n go_v several_a membranous_a appendix_n towards_o the_o external_n substance_n of_o the_o kidney_n in_o their_o way_n they_o form_v a_o sort_n of_o network_n which_o divide_v the_o urinary_a tube_n into_o bundle_n and_o which_o make_v a_o sort_n of_o capsula_fw-la to_o the_o blood_n vessel_n kidney_n the_o use_n of_o the_o kidney_n the_o use_n of_o the_o reins_o be_v to_o separate_v the_o urine_n from_o the_o blood_n which_o by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o artery_n be_v thrust_v into_o the_o emulgent_a branch_n which_o carry_v it_o to_o the_o little_a gland_n in_o which_o the_o serosity_n be_v separate_v be_v receive_v by_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o little_a tube_n which_o go_v from_o the_o gland_n to_o the_o pelvis_n from_o whence_o it_o run_v by_o the_o ureter_n into_o the_o bladder_n the_o blood_n which_o be_v carry_v into_o the_o gland_n and_o which_o can_v not_o enter_v their_o excretory_n tube_v be_v bring_v back_o by_o the_o emulgent_a vein_n renales_fw-la of_o the_o glandulae_fw-la renales_fw-la in_o the_o middle_n between_o the_o aorta_fw-mi and_o the_o kidney_n a_o little_a above_o the_o emulgent_a vessel_n be_v situate_v the_o glandulae_fw-la renales_fw-la or_o capsulae_fw-la atrabilares_fw-la they_o be_v two_o in_o number_n one_o on_o each_o side_n wrap_v up_o in_o some_o fat_a
divide_v into_o several_a more_o branch_n the_o three_o be_v the_o vena_fw-la spermatica_fw-la of_o which_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v the_o four_o be_v the_o vena_fw-la lumbaris_fw-la which_o be_v not_o always_o one_o but_o often_o two_o or_o three_o on_o each_o side_n which_o they_o divide_v into_o superior_a and_o inferior_a they_o be_v bestow_v on_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o loin_n and_o on_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la they_o sometime_o call_v the_o last_o branch_n of_o the_o lumbaris_fw-la muscula_n superior_n there_o be_v some_o anatomist_n that_o have_v observe_v that_o there_o be_v a_o branch_n of_o the_o lumbaris_fw-la that_o enter_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o vertebra_n and_o which_o ascend_v to_o the_o brain_n which_o give_v they_o occasion_n to_o think_v against_o all_o probability_n that_o the_o seed_n descend_v by_o that_o vein_n from_o the_o brain_n a_o little_a below_o the_o emulgent_n the_o great_a artery_n go_v above_o the_o cava_fw-la and_o then_o the_o cava_fw-la divide_v into_o two_o branch_n call_v iliaci_n because_o they_o pass_v above_o the_o ilia_n to_o go_v to_o the_o thigh_n near_o this_o division_n they_o send_v out_o one_o or_o two_o branch_n call_v venae_fw-la sacrae_fw-la they_o go_v to_o the_o medulla_n of_o the_o o_o sacrum_n then_o the_o venae_fw-la iliacae_fw-la divide_v into_o two_o branch_n the_o one_o internal_a the_o other_o external_n the_o internal_a send_v out_o two_o branch_n the_o muscula_n media_n which_o be_v spread_v through_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o thigh_n the_o hypogastrica_fw-la which_o be_v sometime_o double_a it_o be_v spread_v about_o the_o sphincter_n of_o the_o anus_fw-la wherefore_o it_o be_v call_v their_o haemorrhoidalis_fw-la externa_fw-la the_o hypogastrica_fw-la be_v spread_v also_o upon_o the_o body_n of_o the_o bladder_n upon_o the_o matrix_fw-la and_o its_o neck_n therefore_o some_o thought_n without_o ground_n that_o the_o menstrual_a blood_n be_v discharge_v by_o this_o vein_n which_o come_v only_o from_o the_o artery_n the_o external_n branch_n of_o the_o iliacae_n send_v out_o three_o branch_n two_o before_o it_o go_v out_o of_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la and_o the_o three_o after_o it_o go_v out_o of_o it_o the_o first_o be_v the_o vena_fw-la epigastrica_fw-la which_o come_v rare_o from_o the_o cruralis_fw-la it_o go_v to_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la ascend_v to_o the_o musculi_fw-la recti_fw-la where_o it_o rencontre_n the_o mammariae_fw-la with_o which_o it_o communicate_v by_o anastomosis_n the_o second_o be_v the_o vena_fw-la pudenda_fw-la it_o be_v spread_v upon_o the_o part_n of_o generation_n the_o three_o be_v the_o muscula_n inferior_n it_o go_v towards_o the_o articulation_n of_o the_o remur_fw-la and_o be_v distribute_v to_o the_o muscle_n of_o this_o part._n the_o iliaca_fw-la exterior_a after_o it_o have_v send_v out_o all_o these_o branch_n take_v the_o name_n cruralis_fw-la and_o then_o send_v out_o six_o branch_n more_o the_o first_o be_v the_o vena_fw-la saphena_n which_o go_v down_o under_o the_o skin_n along_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o thigh_n and_o leg_n accompany_v with_o a_o nerve_n which_o lose_v itself_o at_o the_o inner_a ankle_n the_o saphena_n turn_v towards_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o foot_n where_o it_o give_v several_a branch_n of_o which_o some_o go_v to_o the_o great_a toe_n the_o second_o be_v the_o iscias_n minor_n this_o vein_n be_v little_a it_o be_v spend_v on_o the_o muscle_n and_o skin_n which_o be_v about_o the_o upper_a joint_n of_o the_o femur_n the_o three_o be_v the_o muscula_n externa_fw-la because_o it_o go_v to_o the_o external_n muscle_n of_o the_o thigh_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o cruralis_fw-la just_a opposite_a to_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o vein_n there_o go_v out_o another_o call_v muscula_n interna_fw-la which_o go_v to_o the_o internal_a muscle_n of_o the_o thigh_n the_o four_o be_v the_o poplitaea_n make_v of_o two_o different_a branch_n unite_v together_o it_o go_v straight_o down_o by_o the_o ham_n to_o the_o heel_n it_o lie_v pretty_a deep_a upon_o which_o account_n it_o can_v hardly_o be_v open_v the_o branch_n which_o appear_v in_o this_o place_n be_v not_o of_o this_o vein_n the_o five_o be_v the_o suralis_fw-la which_o be_v pretty_a big_a and_o which_o divide_v into_o two_o branch_n the_o one_o external_n which_o be_v least_o the_o other_o internal_a which_o be_v big_a each_o of_o these_o branch_n divide_v again_o into_o two_o more_o the_o one_o external_n the_o other_o internal_a the_o suralis_fw-la distribute_v its_o branch_n upon_o the_o fat_a of_o the_o leg_n and_o make_v with_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o poplitaea_n all_o those_o plexus_fw-la of_o vein_n which_o be_v conspicuous_a on_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o foot_n the_o six_o and_o last_o branch_n of_o the_o cruralis_fw-la be_v the_o iscias_n major_a which_o go_v also_o to_o the_o muscle_n and_o fat_a of_o the_o leg_n and_o be_v divide_v afterward_o into_o several_a branch_n which_o be_v distribute_v to_o the_o toe_n sect_n x._o of_o the_o lymphatic_a vessel_n i_o have_v refer_v the_o lymphatic_a vessel_n till_o now_o because_o they_o do_v not_o proper_o belong_v to_o any_o particular_a part_n of_o the_o body_n they_o be_v small_a and_o pellucide_v canal_n which_o carry_v a_o thin_a and_o clear_a liquor_n from_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n towards_o the_o heart_n they_o have_v a_o fine_a transparent_a coat_n their_o cavity_n be_v full_a of_o valve_n which_o open_v towards_o the_o heart_n and_o which_o shut_v towards_o the_o extremity_n of_o these_o lymphatic_a vesel_n some_o rise_n from_o the_o viscera_n as_o the_o liver_n spleen_n lung_n etc._n etc._n and_o other_o from_o the_o gland_n which_o be_v spread_v through_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n they_o have_v no_o common_a trunk_n nor_o receptacle_n but_o they_o discharge_v themselves_o into_o different_a vessel_n as_o they_o be_v near_o to_o they_o viz._n the_o receptacle_n of_o the_o chyle_n the_o ductus_fw-la thoracicus_n and_o the_o subclavian_n axillary_a jugular_a and_o other_o great_a vein_n the_o lympha_fw-la which_o the_o vessel_n contain_v come_v from_o the_o serosity_n of_o the_o blood_n which_o be_v separate_v in_o the_o gland_n some_o author_n think_v that_o it_o come_v also_o from_o the_o succus_fw-la nervosus_fw-la which_o be_v bring_v by_o the_o nerve_n to_o the_o gland_n it_o be_v ordinary_o clear_a and_o transparent_a but_o it_o change_v its_o colour_n according_a as_o it_o be_v tincture_v by_o the_o chyle_n bile_n blood_n and_o other_o humour_n it_o be_v insipid_a of_o itself_o but_o sometime_o it_o be_v acid_a salt_n or_o bitter_a it_o coagulate_v sometime_o by_o the_o mixture_n of_o liquor_n and_o dissolution_n of_o salt_n as_o the_o serosity_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o when_o it_o be_v dry_v it_o have_v a_o particular_a smell_n if_o you_o examine_v it_o chemical_o you_o may_v draw_v from_o it_o much_o volatile_a but_o no_o fix_a salt_n some_o phlegm_n and_o sulphur_n and_o a_o little_a earth_n acid_n coagulate_v it_o and_o volatile_a spirit_n dissolve_v it_o the_o lympha_fw-la serve_v to_o liquisie_a the_o chyle_n and_o blood_n that_o thereby_o they_o may_v the_o more_o easy_o move_v some_o think_v it_o serve_v to_o nourish_v and_o augment_v the_o body_n but_o if_o we_o consider_v its_o nature_n and_o the_o part_n it_o discharge_v itself_o into_o it_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o it_o be_v a_o proper_a menstruum_fw-la for_o the_o last_o and_o fine_a dissolution_n of_o the_o chyle_n it_o hinder_v the_o dissipation_n of_o the_o spirit_n it_o help_v to_o make_v fermentation_n it_o temperate_v the_o acrimony_n of_o the_o bile_n and_o acid_n it_o dissolve_v salt_n the_o break_n of_o the_o lymphatic_a vessel_n be_v often_o the_o cause_n of_o dropsy_n sect_n xi_o of_o the_o artery_n in_o general_n willis_n have_v demonstrate_v that_o the_o artery_n have_v four_o coat_n as_o well_o as_o the_o vein_n the_o first_o be_v thin_a and_o nervous_a its_o inner_a be_v weave_v of_o little_a vein_n artery_n and_o nerve_n who_o extremity_n terminate_v in_o the_o other_o coat_n the_o second_o coat_n adhere_v to_o the_o first_o in_o it_o there_o be_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o little_a white_a gland_n the_o three_o be_v musculous_a make_v of_o many_o spiral_n fibres_n which_o be_v close_o to_o one_o another_o the_o four_o and_o last_o be_v a_o coat_n who_o fibre_n be_v in_o a_o straight_a line_n the_o blood_n which_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o these_o coat_n be_v bring_v to_o they_o by_o the_o little_a artery_n and_o that_o which_o remain_v be_v bring_v back_o by_o the_o vein_n the_o serosity_n be_v separate_v by_o the_o gland_n and_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v bring_v by_o the_o nerve_n to_o the_o muscular_a fibres_fw-fr of_o the_o coat_n for_o the_o assist_v the_o pulse_n of_o the_o artery_n the_o beat_n of_o the_o artery_n as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o the_o heart_n be_v nothing_o else_o