on_o the_o circulation_n the_o first_o be_v the_o valve_n place_v in_o the_o several_a divarication_n of_o the_o vein_n between_o their_o capillar_n extremity_n and_o large_a trunk_n these_o be_v membrane_n proceed_v from_o the_o inner_a coat_n of_o the_o vessel_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o crescent_n or_o c._n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a greek_a sigma_fw-la and_o be_v general_o double_a with_o their_o concavity_n look_v towards_o the_o heart_n and_o ready_o give_v way_n to_o the_o current_n of_o the_o blood_n thither_o as_o be_v represent_v tab._n 23._o f._n 7._o but_o if_o by_o its_o weight_n or_o any_o other_o cause_n the_o blood_n shall_v revert_v they_o oppose_v it_o and_o be_v distend_v prevent_v its_o return_n from_o the_o great_a trunk_n of_o vein_n to_o the_o lesser_a and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n hinder_v the_o superincumb_a blood_n from_o press_v on_o the_o inferior_a concern_v which_o consult_v tab._n 23._o fig._n 6._o another_o considerable_a artifice_n in_o nature_n be_v the_o convey_v great_a quantity_n of_o refluent_a blood_n from_o several_a part_n of_o the_o trunk_n by_o particular_a channel_n instead_o of_o discharge_v it_o by_o the_o next_o and_o most_o immediate_a passage_n into_o the_o neighbour_a current_n dr._n lower_n have_v well_o observe_v that_o the_o heart_n be_v not_o place_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o body_n but_o incline_v to_o its_o upper_a part_n which_o position_n be_v necessary_a to_o drive_a the_o blood_n in_o its_o systole_n to_o the_o head_n with_o more_o force_n than_o be_v require_v to_o make_v it_o descend_v to_o the_o foot_n to_o which_o its_o own_o weight_n and_o fluidity_n do_v not_o a_o little_a conduce_v now_o the_o heart_n be_v seat_v so_o near_o the_o upper_a part_n as_o that_o two_o part_n in_o three_o of_o the_o whole_a fabric_n appear_v to_o be_v below_o it_o there_o must_v be_v a_o like_a inequality_n of_o blood_n send_v to_o the_o inferior_a part_n to_o that_o which_o ascend_v to_o the_o superior_a and_o this_o we_o see_v confirm_v by_o compare_v the_o diameter_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n descend_v with_o the_o ascend_v the_o former_a be_v much_o large_a than_o the_o latter_a this_o great_a disproportion_n of_o blood_n in_o the_o upper_a system_v to_o that_o of_o the_o low_a seem_v to_o threaten_v a_o great_a disturbance_n in_o the_o animal_n order_n but_o be_v prevent_v by_o the_o provident_a care_n of_o the_o author_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o manner_n we_o be_v now_o about_o to_o describe_v the_o intercostal_a artery_n app._n f._n 3._o which_o arise_v from_o the_o low_o system_v be_v accompany_v with_o vein_n that_o return_v the_o blood_n they_o export_v which_o do_v not_o enter_v into_o the_o next_o large_a trunk_n according_a to_o the_o ordinary_a process_n of_o nature_n in_o other_o part_n but_o be_v all_o unite_a into_o one_o channel_n and_o sometime_o two_o which_o ascend_v by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o aorta_fw-mi and_o empty_v itself_o into_o the_o descend_v trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la there_o discharge_v all_o its_o refluent_a blood_n which_o have_v it_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o ascend_v trunk_n it_o must_v have_v add_v so_o great_a a_o weight_n that_o the_o blood_n can_v not_o have_v pass_v up_o to_o the_o heart_n which_o it_o now_o easy_o do_v beside_o these_o the_o mammary_n vein_n likewise_o empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o subclavian_n so_o that_o all_o the_o blood_n arise_v from_o the_o parietes_fw-la of_o the_o thorax_n the_o back_n and_o its_o muscle_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o the_o scapulae_fw-la return_v again_o to_o the_o heart_n by_o the_o upper_a trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la though_o it_o be_v send_v thither_o from_o the_o low_a trunk_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la another_o contrivance_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v observable_a in_o the_o vena_fw-la porta_n which_o receive_v the_o blood_n from_o the_o stomach_n omentum_fw-la spleen_n pancreas_n gut_n and_o mesentery_n send_v thither_o by_o the_o coeliack_n and_o mesenterick_n artery_n which_o large_a quantity_n have_v it_o enter_v into_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la immediate_o below_o the_o liver_n or_o kidney_n its_o weight_n so_o far_o beneath_o the_o diaphragm_n must_v have_v hinder_v its_o ascent_n wherefore_o the_o vena_fw-la porta_n not_o unlike_o the_o azygos_n of_o the_o thorax_n before_o note_a carry_v up_o all_o the_o blood_n by_o another_o channel_n and_o discharge_v it_o into_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la within_o the_o liver_n where_o it_o be_v dilute_v and_o propel_v by_o the_o refluent_a blood_n from_o the_o splenick_n vein_n and_o afterward_o assist_v in_o its_o ascent_n by_o the_o contraction_n of_o the_o diaphragm_n here_o i_o can_v forbear_v make_v a_o digression_n and_o present_v my_o conjecture_n of_o the_o use_n and_o office_n of_o the_o spleen_n since_o it_o minister_v in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o animal_n oeconomy_n the_o arteria_fw-la splenica_fw-la be_v not_o only_o very_o large_a in_o proportion_n to_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o spleen_n but_o have_v a_o remarkable_a tortuous_a passage_n to_o it_o tab._n 36._o f._n 1._o whence_o we_o may_v conceive_v as_o the_o quantity_n of_o blood_n send_v to_o the_o spleen_n be_v very_o great_a so_o it_o be_v impetus_fw-la be_v very_o much_o abate_v next_o the_o communication_n between_o the_o extremity_n of_o its_o artery_n and_o vein_n be_v very_o large_a as_o appear_v by_o the_o prompt_a exit_fw-la which_o water_n pour_v into_o one_o find_v by_o the_o other_o and_o the_o inflation_n of_o the_o vein_n which_o be_v easy_o make_v by_o blow_v into_o the_o artery_n when_o the_o whole_a spleen_n and_o its_o vein_n become_v distend_v with_o it_o the_o lymphducts_a of_o the_o spleen_n we_o have_v observe_v tab._n 36._o fig._n 1._o to_o arise_v from_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la at_o the_o extremity_n of_o its_o vein_n and_o discharge_v their_o content_n into_o the_o neighbour_a lymphatic_a gland_n whence_o it_o be_v send_v into_o the_o receptacule_n of_o the_o chyle_n its_o nerve_n be_v distribute_v through_o its_o whole_a substance_n and_o serve_v to_o preserve_v its_o tone_n and_o regulate_v the_o separation_n of_o its_o lympha_fw-la and_o nutritive_a juice_n but_o the_o most_o exact_a scrutiny_n of_o anatomist_n can_v never_o yet_o discover_v any_o excretory-duct_a arise_v from_o this_o viscus_fw-la and_o indeed_o the_o patent_n communication_n of_o its_o vessel_n seem_v a_o convince_a proof_n that_o no_o such_o excretory-duct_a can_v exist_v but_o must_v appear_v very_o plain_a beside_o it_o seem_v extravagant_a and_o unbecoming_a the_o wonderful_a providence_n of_o nature_n to_o separate_a any_o particular_a juice_n in_o the_o artery_n here_o to_o be_v instant_o refund_v into_o the_o vein_n and_o we_o can_v hardly_o conceive_v the_o blood_n can_v suffer_v any_o alteration_n in_o a_o place_n where_o the_o transit_fw-la from_o the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o be_v so_o ample_a after_o these_o consideration_n premise_v if_o the_o problem_n be_v propose_v what_o can_v be_v the_o design_n of_o the_o great_a architect_n of_o our_o body_n in_o the_o fabrication_n of_o so_o large_a and_o remarkable_a a_o part_n without_o any_o fluid_a secrete_v in_o it_o beside_o its_o own_o nutritive_a juice_n and_o lympha_fw-la i_o believe_v our_o hypothesis_n will_v enable_v we_o to_o give_v a_o sufficient_a reply_n to_o this_o seem_a invincible_a difficulty_n with_o which_o learned_a man_n have_v exceed_o perplex_v themselves_o i_o conceive_v then_o the_o spleen_n be_v design_v by_o nature_n as_o a_o diverticle_n to_o receive_v a_o large_a proportion_n of_o blood_n to_o be_v refund_v by_o its_o vein_n into_o the_o porta_n and_o promote_v the_o reflux_n of_o the_o blood_n import_v thither_o from_o the_o stomach_n gut_n pancreas_n mesentery_n etc._n etc._n by_o who_o slow_a progress_n through_o the_o innumerable_a gland_n of_o those_o part_n it_o return_v thick_a and_o unfit_a for_o motion_n and_o this_o seem_v but_o necessary_a that_o a_o new_a quantity_n of_o blood_n charge_v with_o a_o copious_a serum_fw-la shall_v be_v infund_v into_o this_o refluent_a liquor_n before_o it_o arrive_v at_o the_o liver_n to_o dispose_v it_o to_o pass_v the_o extremity_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o add_v a_o fresh_a impetus_fw-la to_o its_o languid_a motion_n cause_v by_o its_o long_a and_o tortutous_a progress_n this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o use_n and_o office_n of_o the_o spleen_n and_o seem_v to_o have_v all_o the_o circumstance_n the_o law_n of_o mechanism_n require_v for_o this_o purpose_n the_o novelty_n of_o which_o opinion_n will_v i_o hope_v be_v no_o prejudice_n to_o its_o reception_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o candid_a and_o impartial_a men._n have_v thus_o represent_v the_o circulation_n the_o order_n of_o nature_n lead_v we_o to_o respiration_n which_o serve_v in_o convey_v the_o blood_n from_o the_o right_n to_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o impregnate_v it_o with_o
part_n proper_a for_o its_o further_a elaboration_n respiration_n or_o breathe_v be_v a_o double_a action_n i._n e._n inspiration_n or_o receive_v of_o air_n into_o the_o lung_n and_o expiration_n or_o expel_v it_o again_o the_o whole_a be_v do_v by_o mean_n of_o widen_v and_o straighten_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o thorax_n in_o which_o the_o lung_n be_v contain_v how_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o thorax_n may_v be_v enlarge_v and_o contract_v we_o may_v easy_o conceive_v if_o we_o consider_v the_o order_n of_o its_o bony_n parietes_fw-la tab._n 27_o and_o 28._o and_o observe_v the_o oblique_a descend_v position_n of_o the_o rib_n from_o the_o vertebra_n of_o the_o back_n with_o their_o cartilaginous_a connection_n to_o the_o os_fw-la pectoris_fw-la and_o the_o position_n and_o action_n of_o the_o diaphragm_n as_o be_v explain_v tab._n 52._o whence_o it_o appear_v when_o the_o rib_n be_v draw_v up_o and_o the_o superior_a convex_a surface_n of_o the_o diaphragm_n depress_v towards_o a_o plain_a the_o include_v space_n must_v necessary_o be_v enlarge_v and_o on_o the_o contrary_a very_o much_o straighten_a when_o the_o rib_n be_v draw_v down_o and_o the_o upper_a surface_n of_o the_o diaphragm_n convex_v towards_o the_o lung_n as_o it_o be_v represent_v in_o the_o last_o mention_v table_n the_o elevation_n and_o depression_n of_o the_o rib_n be_v perform_v by_o the_o proper_a and_o common_a muscle_n of_o the_o thorax_n the_o first_o have_v their_o rise_n and_o termination_n confine_v to_o the_o part_n compose_v its_o parietes_fw-la the_o other_o notwithstanding_o their_o relation_n to_o other_o part_n yet_o chief_o respect_v this_o of_o the_o common_a muscle_n some_o be_v principal_a immediate_o move_v this_o together_o with_o those_o part_n from_o which_o they_o be_v derive_v other_o be_v auxiliary_a which_o by_o move_v the_o contiguous_a body_n contribute_v to_o the_o better_a perform_v the_o grand_a motion_n thus_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o shoulderblade_n be_v require_v in_o violent_a respiration_n without_o which_o the_o musculi_fw-la serrati_fw-la tab._n 20._o which_o spring_n from_o the_o scapulae_fw-la tab._n 29._o v._o w._n can_v not_o act_n hence_o it_o happen_v that_o respiration_n be_v interrupt_v when_o the_o arm_n be_v in_o action_n by_o reason_n the_o scapulae_fw-la at_o that_o time_n engage_v all_o their_o muscle_n especial_o the_o serrati_fw-la t._n 20._o to_o render_v they_o stable_a and_o the_o extension_n of_o the_o vertebra_n of_o the_o neck_n become_v necessary_a to_o the_o end_n the_o musculi_fw-la scaleni_n tab._n 18._o b_o b._n may_v raise_v the_o upper_a rib_n the_o proper_a muscle_n of_o the_o thorax_n be_v the_o intercostale_n externi_fw-la and_o interni_fw-la tab._n 26._o fig._n 1._o the_o triangulares_n tab._n and_o fig._n ead_n the_o serrati_n superiores_fw-la and_o inferiores_fw-la postici_fw-la tab._n 28._o the_o principal_a common_a muscle_n be_v the_o scaleni_n tab._n 18._o the_o subclavii_fw-la tab._n 20._o the_o serrati_fw-la majores_fw-la &_o minores_fw-la antici_n tab._n ead_a and_o the_o sacrolumbale_n tab._n 29._o the_o auxiliary_a muscle_n be_v such_o as_o raise_v the_o scapulae_fw-la and_o draw_v they_o backward_o and_o those_o which_o extend_v the_o whole_a spine_n the_o cavity_n of_o the_o thorax_n be_v dilate_v in_o the_o manner_n above_o mention_v the_o ambient_fw-la air_n necessary_o rush_n through_o the_o aspera_fw-la arteria_fw-la and_o bronchia_fw-la into_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la of_o the_o lung_n whereby_o their_o whole_a substance_n become_v distend_v and_o this_o we_o call_v inspiration_n in_o expiration_n the_o air_n contain_v in_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la of_o the_o lung_n be_v exclude_v in_o this_o action_n the_o lung_n be_v not_o mere_o passive_a as_o in_o the_o former_a but_o the_o elasticity_n of_o the_o ligament_n of_o their_o bronchia_fw-la draw_v their_o small_a cartilage_n over_o each_o other_o and_o conduce_v to_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o air_n contain_v in_o their_o vesiculae_fw-la this_o alternate_a diastole_n and_o systole_n of_o the_o lung_n and_o thorax_n bear_v a_o analogy_n to_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_o who_o two_o board_n be_v draw_v from_o each_o other_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n necessary_o rush_n in_o between_o they_o and_o fill_v the_o internal_a space_n enlarge_v by_o the_o deduction_n of_o their_o side_n which_o air_n be_v again_o expel_v from_o thence_o by_o approach_v they_o towards_o each_o other_o the_o inducement_n the_o author_n of_o nature_n have_v to_o frame_n this_o pulmonary_a organ_n be_v many_o by_o this_o the_o aerial_a particle_n pass_v to_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n which_o rarify_v subtilise_v and_o render_v it_o fit_a for_o those_o elaboration_n it_o afterward_o undergo_v by_o these_o the_o tenacious_a serum_fw-la of_o the_o blood_n be_v attenuate_v and_o the_o whole_a mass_n render_v fit_a for_o motion_n the_o effect_n of_o which_o be_v evident_a in_o those_o rheumatic_a asthma_n and_o other_o case_n which_o oblige_v some_o to_o leave_v this_o town_n for_o a_o clear_a air._n the_o lung_n be_v the_o intermediate_n passage_n between_o the_o two_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n whereby_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o blood_n pass_v through_o their_o large_a blood-vessel_n in_o a_o equal_a rapidity_n and_o quantity_n with_o that_o of_o all_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n beside_o and_o do_v by_o this_o mean_n discharge_v the_o blood_n of_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o its_o serum_fw-la by_o halitus_fw-la in_o expiration_n wherefore_o the_o accurate_a dr._n tyson_n reckon_v they_o among_o the_o number_n of_o gland_n this_o alternate_a action_n in_o which_o respiration_n consist_v be_v necessary_a to_o the_o end_v the_o blood_n may_v pass_v the_o lung_n who_o vesiculae_fw-la if_o they_o be_v constant_o distend_v by_o the_o inspire_a air_n the_o extremity_n of_o the_o pulmonick_a blood-vessel_n will_v be_v compress_v and_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o these_o vesiculae_fw-la be_v collapse_v as_o after_o expiration_n their_o blood-vessel_n will_v be_v consequent_o corrugate_v but_o by_o this_o vicissitude_n they_o become_v permeable_a and_o the_o blood_n easy_o pass_v their_o extremity_n we_o have_v trace_v the_o aliment_n from_o its_o first_o reception_n till_o it_o be_v elaborate_v into_o blood_n and_o pursue_v in_o its_o motion_n and_o circulation_n through_o its_o several_a channel_n we_o ought_v next_o to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o several_a liquor_n or_o fluid_n separate_v from_o it_o in_o its_o tour._n all_o animal_n juice_n except_o the_o chyle_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o arterial_a blood_n which_o common_a material_a in_o its_o percolation_n in_o the_o brain_n and_o nerve_n yield_v the_o content_n of_o their_o fibre_n in_o the_o gland_n of_o the_o mouth_n and_o throat_n the_o saliva_n in_o the_o mammae_fw-la the_o milk_n in_o the_o kidney_n the_o urine_n in_o the_o testes_fw-la sperm_n not_o to_o name_v the_o sweat_n mucilage_n of_o the_o joint_n etc._n etc._n and_o through_o the_o universal_a body_n a_o copious_a quantity_n of_o lympha_fw-la which_o be_v not_o apply_v to_o any_o distinct_a use_v in_o the_o animal_n oeconomy_n but_o be_v all_o discharge_v into_o the_o great_a cystern_a or_o receptacle_n of_o the_o chyle_n and_o subclavian_n vein_n and_o so_o refund_v into_o the_o refluent_a blood_n the_o doctrine_n of_o secretion_n be_v the_o last_o and_o only_o remain_v part_n of_o those_o natural_a function_n which_o be_v direct_v to_o the_o preservation_n and_o subsist_v of_o the_o individual_a for_o the_o nature_n and_o property_n of_o these_o liquor_n their_o use_n and_o office_n and_o the_o peculiar_a structure_n adapt_v for_o the_o percolation_n of_o one_o and_o exclude_v the_o rest_n we_o must_v remit_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o description_n of_o the_o organ_n themselves_o content_v ourselves_o here_o with_o the_o theory_n of_o the_o origin_n of_o the_o lympha_fw-la and_o secretion_n in_o general_n the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o animal-liquor_n call_v lympha_fw-la and_o the_o duct_n which_o convey_v it_o be_v owe_v to_o the_o industry_n and_o search_n of_o this_o present_a age._n but_o whether_o rudbeck_n bartholine_n or_o our_o countryman_n dr._n jolive_n ought_v to_o carry_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o discovery_n i_o shall_v not_o pretend_v to_o decide_v but_o the_o rise_v course_n and_o other_o particular_a circumstance_n needful_a to_o inform_v we_o of_o their_o use_n and_o the_o design_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o fabrication_n of_o these_o duct_n have_v not_o be_v hitherto_o at_o least_o full_o demonstrate_v some_o have_v pretend_v to_o derive_v these_o duct_n from_o the_o nerve_n other_o from_o the_o membrane_n or_o tendinous_a part_n of_o the_o muscle_n but_o these_o be_v impertinency_n scarce_o worth_a a_o serious_a refutation_n the_o diligent_a melpighius_fw-la in_o his_o epistle_n to_o the_o royal-socÃety_a be_v follicitous_a in_o inquire_v whether_o they_o be_v not_o excretory-ducts_a to_o export_v the_o juice_n secrete_v in_o the_o conglobate_a gland_n since_o there_o be_v none_o of_o these_o gland_n so_o inconsiderable_a to_o be_v
if_o it_o be_v total_o obstruct_v a_o deafness_n in_o which_o case_n the_o take_v of_o sneeze_v powder_n give_v relief_n o_o the_o glandulous_a membrane_n continue_v from_o the_o foramina_fw-la narium_fw-la to_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o fauces_fw-la p_o p_o the_o processus_n scyloide_v q_o the_o carotid_n artery_n cut_v off_o near_o its_o entrance_n into_o the_o os_fw-la petrosum_fw-la r_o r_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o ossa_fw-la jugalia_fw-la s_o a_o cartilaginous_a body_n lie_v in_o the_o depressure_n of_o the_o os_fw-la temporum_fw-la where_o the_o processus_n condyliformis_fw-la of_o the_o low_a jaw_n be_v articulate_v t_o the_o same_o intermediate_n cartilege_n of_o the_o articulation_n raise_v v._o the_o smooth_a sinus_n in_o the_o os_fw-la temporale_fw-la which_o receive_v the_o last_o mention_v cartilege_n t_o part_n of_o the_o mucelaginous_a gland_n of_o this_o articulation_n clear_v to_o the_o abovementioned_a cartilege_n w_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o os_fw-la temporale_fw-la cut_v off_o x_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la in_o like_a manner_n saw_v off_o y_fw-fr the_o musculus_fw-la occipitalis_fw-la as_o it_o arise_v from_o that_o part_n of_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la where_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o head_n be_v insert_v whence_o mount_v it_o soon_o become_v tendinous_a and_o march_n on_o the_o sincipus_fw-la where_o it_o be_v join_v with_o the_o tendon_n of_o the_o fromalis_fw-la unless_o it_o may_v be_v suppose_v that_o the_o occipital_n and_o frontal_n muscle_n be_v one_o biventral_n muscle_n arise_v from_o the_o occiput_fw-la and_o insert_v to_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o forehead_n and_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o hairy-scalp_n move_v it_o foreward_n and_o backward_o as_o well_o as_o lift_v up_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o forehead_n with_o the_o kickshaw_n z_o z_o the_o thin_a part_n of_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la where_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o head_n be_v insert_v a_o the_o gargareon_o support_v by_o the_o probe_n n_o n_o insert_v into_o the_o meatus_fw-la à _fw-la palato_fw-la ad_fw-la aurem_fw-la b_o b_o the_o little_a glandule_n which_o appear_v in_o cut_v the_o fauces_fw-la from_o hence_o c_o c_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o processus_n pterygoide_v or_o more_o proper_o the_o extremity_n of_o a_o small_a slender_n process_n above_o the_o processus_n pterygoide_v in_o this_o position_n of_o the_o skull_n since_o anatomist_n in_o describe_v the_o muscle_n of_o the_o uurela_n have_v call_v this_o process_n pterigoide_v or_o aliformis_fw-la we_o shall_v still_o retain_v the_o same_o name_n though_o the_o aliform_a process_n express_v tab._n 92._o fig._n 2._o k_o be_v distinct_a process_n and_o no_o way_n like_o these_o dd_o the_o musculi_fw-la sphenopirrigostaphilini_fw-la so_o call_v from_o their_o origin_n progress_n and_o insertion_n they_o be_v also_o call_v pterigopalatini_fw-la and_o sphenoterigopalatini_fw-la they_o arise_v fleshy_a from_o a_o acute_a process_n of_o the_o os_fw-mi sphenoide_v express_v appen_n fig._n 15._o h._n whence_o they_o pass_v to_o the_o processus_n pterygoide_v c_o c_o where_o they_o become_v tendinous_a and_o be_v reflect_v over_o those_o process_n to_o their_o insertion_n on_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o gargareon_o when_o these_o act_n they_o draw_v the_o forepart_n of_o the_o gargareus_fw-la towards_o the_o pterigoid_a process_n whereby_o it_o be_v pull_v somewhat_o upward_o as_o well_o as_o foreward_n e_o e_o the_o sphenostaphilini_fw-la these_o arise_v from_o the_o same_o process_n of_o the_o os_fw-mi sphenoide_v with_o the_o former_a and_o be_v insert_v on_o the_o backpart_n of_o the_o gargareon_o opposite_a to_o the_o former_a these_o draw_v the_o uuula_fw-la upward_o and_o backward_o whereby_o it_o prevent_v the_o ascent_n of_o the_o aliment_n into_o the_o foramina_fw-la nariton_n in_o deglutition_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o those_o in_o who_o the_o uuula_fw-la be_v want_v f_o the_o musculus_fw-la pterygoideus_n externus_fw-la leave_v at_o its_o origin_n at_o the_o external_n part_n of_o the_o processus_n pterygoide_v as_o well_o as_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o os_fw-mi sphenoide_v itself_o whence_o it_o pass_v backward_o to_o its_o insertion_n at_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o processus_n condyloide_v of_o the_o lower-jaw_n when_o this_o and_o its_o partner_n act_n they_o draw_v the_o lower-jaw_n foreward_n whereby_o the_o foretooth_n of_o the_o lower-jaw_n be_v drive_v beyond_o those_o of_o the_o superior_a as_o falloppius_n observe_v g_o the_o musculus_fw-la pterygoideus_n internus_fw-la also_o free_v from_o the_o lower-jaw_n and_o leave_v at_o its_o origin_n tab._n 15._o fig._n 2._o n._n it_o be_v represent_v at_o its_o insertion_n h_o some_o appearance_n of_o the_o septum_fw-la narium_fw-la backward_o i_o i_o the_o deny_v molares_fw-la k_o k_o the_o canini_n l_o the_o inâ—isores_n m_o the_o glandulae_fw-la labiorum_fw-la as_o they_o appear_v in_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o upper_a lip_n under_o the_o ininternal_a membrane_n of_o the_o mouth_n each_o of_o these_o gland_n have_v a_o excretory_a dust_n which_o perforates_n the_o membrane_n of_o the_o mouth_n at_o a_o small_a papilla_fw-la by_o which_o a_o salival_n humour_n be_v emit_v into_o the_o mouth_n the_o like_a gland_n may_v be_v see_v on_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o cheek_n n_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o nose_n o_o the_o hair_n of_o the_o palpabrae_fw-la fig._n 9_o the_o external_n surface_n of_o one_o of_o the_o glandulae_fw-la tonfillae_fw-la or_o amigdalae_fw-la where_o the_o many_o large_a foramina_fw-la of_o its_o excretory_a duct_n appear_v by_o which_o its_o pituitous_a matter_n be_v discharge_v into_o the_o fauces_fw-la which_o join_v with_o the_o aliment_n in_o its_o descent_n to_o the_o gula._n fig._n 10._o the_o receptaculum_fw-la chyli_n fill_v with_o quicksilver_n with_o the_o neighbour_a lymphatic_a gland_n remain_v in_o their_o proper_a situation_n together_o with_o the_o adjacent_a part_n as_o i_o can_v make_v a_o sketch_n of_o they_o whilst_o i_o be_v demonstrate_v the_o part_n of_o a_o humane_a body_n to_o some_o worthy_a and_o ingenious_a gentleman_n when_o professor_n bidloo_n favour_v i_o with_o a_o visit._n a_o a_o the_o kidney_n a_o a_o the_o emulgent_a vein_n of_o which_o that_o of_o the_o right_a side_n be_v low_a than_o the_o left_a b_o the_o ascend_v trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la distend_v with_o wind_n the_o low_a part_n of_o which_o be_v compress_v by_o the_o iliack_a artery_n of_o the_o right_a side_n b_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la cut_v from_o its_o entrance_n into_o the_o liver_n and_o tie_v c_o c_o part_n of_o the_o two_o iliack_a vein_n which_o may_v be_v see_v distend_v with_o wind_n below_o the_o right_n iliack_a artery_n as_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la be_v above_o the_o external_n iliack_a vein_n as_o well_o as_o the_o crutal_a vein_n lie_v immediate_o under_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o artery_n that_o accompany_v they_o till_o they_o pass_v by_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o musculus_fw-la triceps_fw-la and_o os_fw-la femoris_fw-la to_o the_o ham_n where_o the_o vein_n be_v uppermost_a and_o the_o artery_n pass_v underneath_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o great_a trunk_n of_o vein_n and_o artery_n do_v in_o other_o part_n this_o contrivance_n in_o nature_n of_o place_v the_o trunk_n of_o the_o iliack_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o crural_a artery_n on_o the_o vein_n be_v a_o admirable_a artifice_n to_o accelerate_v the_o ascension_n of_o the_o blood_n to_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o heart_n as_o it_o arise_v from_o the_o inferior_a part_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o pulsation_n of_o the_o artery_n if_o you_o inject_v the_o artery_n with_o wax_n and_o afterward_o fill_v the_o vein_n with_o the_o same_o you_o will_v see_v by_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o wax_n contain_a in_o the_o vein_n what_o effect_v the_o pulsation_n of_o the_o artery_n have_v on_o they_o in_o order_n to_o promote_v the_o ascension_n of_o the_o refluent_a blood_n from_o below_o in_o this_o compressure_n make_v by_o the_o iliack_a artery_n of_o the_o right_a side_n on_o the_o inferior_a part_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la it_o be_v contain_a blood_n be_v force_v to_o ascend_v towards_o the_o heart_n the_o valve_n in_o the_o crural_a vein_n oppose_v its_o descent_n by_o this_o mean_n also_o the_o pondus_fw-la of_o the_o refluent_a blood_n from_o below_o be_v lessen_v to_o the_o end_v its_o motion_n may_v be_v the_o better_o carry_v on_o at_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o vessel_n in_o the_o leg_n and_o foot_n and_o a_o kind_a of_o a_o pulsation_n make_v by_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la whereby_o the_o lymphatic_a lumbal_n gland_n r_o r_o lie_v between_o it_o and_o the_o body_n of_o the_o vertebra_n be_v gentle_o compress_v of_o which_o hereafter_o d_o d_o the_o ascend_v trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la below_o the_o kidney_n d_o d_o the_o iliack_a artery_n e_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o culiata_n artery_n cut_v off_o f_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o mesenterica_fw-la
superior_a in_o like_a manner_n cut_v off_o e_o e_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o testes_fw-la the_o right_o appear_v at_o its_o origin_n from_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la d_o the_o leave_v pass_v through_o the_o lumbal_n gland_n q._n f_o f_o the_o spermatick_a vein_n near_o their_o entrance_n into_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la of_o the_o right_a side_n and_o emulgent_a vein_n of_o the_o left_a where_o there_o be_v valve_n place_v which_o hinder_v the_o descent_n of_o the_o blood_n from_o those_o large_a vessel_n into_o these_o vein_n g_o g_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o ureter_n distend_v with_o wind_n h_z h_z their_o low_a part_n as_o they_o pass_v to_o the_o bladder_n of_o urine_n not_o extend_v about_o these_o part_n of_o the_o ureter_n as_o they_o descend_v over_o the_o iliack_a artery_n we_o frequent_o find_v they_o dilate_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o pulsation_n of_o those_o artery_n which_o prevent_v the_o free_a descent_n of_o the_o urine_n and_o especial_o stone_n and_o gravel_n both_o which_o often_o pass_v they_o though_o more_o than_o once_o i_o have_v see_v one_o of_o the_o ureter_n complete_o obstruct_v by_o small_a stone_n in_o this_o part._n i_o some_o fat_a remain_v on_o the_o ureter_n as_o it_o pass_v out_o of_o the_o kidney_n g_o g_o the_o glandulae_fw-la renales_fw-la or_o capsulae_fw-la atrabilare_v in_o situ_fw-la h_o h_n the_o low_a fleshy_a part_n of_o the_o diaphragm_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o vertebra_n of_o the_o loin_n ay_o the_o fissura_fw-la of_o the_o diaphragm_n in_o which_o the_o gula_fw-la pass_v to_o the_o stomach_n k_o the_o bladder_n of_o urine_n distend_v with_o wind._n l_o the_o urachus_n turn_v down_o m_o m_o the_o musculi_fw-la psoi_fw-fr magni_fw-la n._n the_o saecculus_fw-la chyliferous_a or_o receptaculum_fw-la chyli_n express_v a._n fig._n 11._o as_o it_o appear_v when_o fill_v with_o mercury_n after_o free_v the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la b_o from_o its_o accompany_v the_o aâ—eria_n magna_fw-la d._n o_o a_o large_a trunk_n of_o the_o vinae_fw-la lactea_fw-la secundi_fw-la geruris_fw-la by_o which_o the_o mercury_n be_v inject_v p_o the_o tube_n which_o convey_v in_o the_o mercury_n q_o q_o the_o glandula_n lumbalis_fw-la of_o the_o left_a side_n lie_v partly_o on_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la r_o r_o the_o right_a lumbal_n gland_n lie_v partly_o under_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la s_o s_o some_o communicant_a branch_n of_o lymphduct_n between_o the_o two_o lumbal_n gland_n f_o f_o the_o lymphduct_n arise_v from_o the_o inguinal_a glandule_n app._n fig._n 1._o s_o s._n as_o well_o as_o divers_a other_o lymphatic_a glandule_n lie_v on_o the_o iliack_a branch_n of_o blood-vessel_n c_o c_o d_o d_o these_o discharge_v all_o the_o lympha_fw-la arise_v from_o the_o inferior_a part_n into_o the_o lumbal_n gland_n whence_o it_o pass_v immediate_o into_o the_o receptaculum_fw-la chyli_n and_o be_v afterward_o convey_v by_o the_o thoracick_a dust_n fig._n 11._o mm._n into_o the_o subclarian_a vein_n fig._n 12._o hl_n this_o be_v the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o the_o lympha_fw-la arise_v from_o the_o inferior_a part_n in_o its_o way_n to_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n again_o hence_o it_o appear_v the_o lympha_fw-la of_o the_o inferior_a part_n meet_v with_o the_o chyle_n in_o its_o receptaculum_fw-la whereby_o the_o chyle_n be_v there_o not_o only_o far_o dilate_v but_o its_o ascension_n be_v accelerate_a towards_o the_o subclavian_n vein_n by_o a_o additional_a impetus_fw-la from_o the_o ascend_v lympha_fw-la here_o we_o can_v but_o take_v notice_n of_o a_o considerable_a artifice_n in_o nature_n in_o the_o disposition_n of_o these_o lymphatic_a lumbal_n gland_n whereby_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o lympha_fw-la be_v promoted_n towards_o the_o receptaculum_fw-la chyli_n as_o the_o lymphduct_n pass_v from_o the_o inferior_a part_n they_o accompany_v the_o trunk_n of_o the_o artery_n by_o who_o continual_a motion_n of_o systole_n and_o diastole_n the_o ascent_n of_o the_o lympha_fw-la be_v promoted_n as_o well_o as_o the_o blood_n but_o when_o the_o lympha_fw-la arrive_v at_o the_o lumbal_n gland_n the_o pulsation_n of_o the_o ascend_v trunk_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n be_v not_o sufficient_a by_o reason_n those_o gland_n be_v much_o large_a than_o the_o exterior_a surface_n of_o that_o artery_n can_v give_v a_o suitable_a impulse_n to_o one_a of_o the_o lumbal_n gland_n r_o r_o be_v place_v under_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la b_o or_o between_o it_o and_o the_o vertebra_n lumbares_n by_o which_o be_v vesiculae_fw-la be_v gentle_o compress_v and_o their_o contain_a lympha_fw-la be_v push_v on_o towards_o the_o receptaculum_fw-la chyli_n t_o t_o the_o spermatick_a vein_n and_o artery_n on_o both_o side_n involve_v in_o the_o duplicature_n of_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la as_o they_o pass_v towards_o the_o testes_fw-la fig._n 11._o the_o lumbal_n glandule_n with_o the_o receptaculum_fw-la chyli_n and_o part_n of_o the_o thoracick_a dust_n etc._n etc._n fill_v with_o mercury_n and_o free_v from_o the_o body_n a_o b_o b_o the_o receptaculum_fw-la chyli_n compose_v of_o three_o trunk_n one_o of_o which_o a_o be_v very_o large_a express_v at_o n_o fig._n 10._o the_o other_o two_o be_v much_o less_o and_o he_o immediate_o under_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n d_o fig._n 10_o this_o division_n of_o the_o receptaculum_fw-la chyli_n into_o three_o trunk_n have_v not_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o which_o make_v i_o suspect_v the_o description_n we_o have_v hitherto_o have_v of_o it_o have_v be_v take_v from_o quadrupedes_fw-la where_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o horizontal_n position_n it_o be_v likely_a one_o secculus_fw-la chyliferus_n may_v be_v sufficient_a but_o in_o man_n in_o who_o the_o thoracick_a dust_n and_o receptaculum_fw-la incline_v to_o a_o perpendicular_a position_n it_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o necessary_a contrivance_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v divide_v into_o three_o channel_n especial_o before_o it_o entire_o pass_v under_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n the_o better_a to_o support_v the_o chyle_n and_o lymphe_n in_o their_o ascend_v progress_n a_o the_o trunk_n of_o a_o lympheduct_v arise_v from_o the_o diaphragm_n b_o the_o ductus_fw-la thoracicus_n above_o the_o diaphragm_n where_o it_o pass_v between_o the_o descend_v trunk_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la and_o body_n of_o the_o vertebra_n thoracis_fw-la which_o disposition_n of_o it_o be_v very_o necessary_a to_o the_o end_v the_o pulsation_n of_o the_o artery_n may_v continual_o press_v this_o dust_n and_o thereby_o hasten_v the_o ascent_n of_o its_o content_n c_o a_o trunk_n of_o one_o of_o the_o vasa_n lactea_fw-la secundi_fw-la generis_fw-la express_v fig._n 10._o o_o by_o which_o the_o mercury_n be_v inject_v c_o a_o considerable_a double_a valve_n which_o hinder_v a_o retrocession_n of_o chyle_n and_o lympha_fw-la in_o this_o lacteal_n vessel_n d_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o left_a lumbal_n gland_n place_v on_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la d_o another_o small_a trunk_n of_o the_o vasa_n lactea_fw-la secundi_fw-la generis_fw-la with_o a_o small_a gland_n of_o the_o mesentery_n from_o whence_o it_o arise_v e_o the_o lymphduct_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o inferior_a part_n and_o empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o left_a lumbal_n gland_n f_o the_o glandula_n lumbalis_fw-la of_o the_o right_a side_n place_v under_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la g_o h_n the_o lymphduct_n of_o the_o inferior_a part_n which_o empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o last_o mention_v gland_n ay_o a_o large_a lympheduct_v which_o discharge_v in_o self_n into_o the_o receptaculum_fw-la chyli_n majus_n k_o l_o the_o communicant_a branch_n of_o lymphduct_n between_o the_o right_n and_o left_a lumbal_n glandule_n m_o m_o the_o thoracick_a dust_n where_o its_o valve_n which_o hinder_v the_o descent_n of_o the_o chyle_n and_o lympha_fw-la be_v faint_o express_v n_o n_o divers_a division_n and_o inosculation_n of_o this_o dust_n whereby_o the_o ascension_n of_o the_o chyle_n may_v be_v the_o better_o carry_v on_o o_o divers_a lymphduct_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o lymphatic_a gland_n on_o the_o backpart_n of_o the_o lung_n and_o be_v the_o export_a lymphduct_n of_o those_o gland_n their_o import_v lymphduct_n spring_n from_o the_o lung_n themselves_o and_o adjacent_a part_n fig._n 12._o the_o thoracick_a dust_n at_o its_o entrance_n into_o the_o subclavian_n vein_n with_o its_o lymphduct_n inject_v with_o wax_n a_o the_o thoracick_a dust_n where_o it_o leave_v the_o descend_v trunk_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la and_o accompany_v the_o gula_fw-la as_o it_o pass_v towards_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o upper_a vertebra_n of_o the_o thorax_n in_o its_o way_n to_o the_o subclavian_n vein_n where_o that_o of_o the_o former_a figure_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o tie_v b_o b_o two_o lymphduct_n which_o spring_v from_o the_o thymus_n c_o a_o division_n and_o inosculation_n of_o the_o thoracick_a dust_n d_o
gulielmus_fw-la cowper_n chyrurgus_n â—_o closterman_n pinxit_fw-la i._n smith_n fecit_fw-la the_o anatomy_n of_o humane_a body_n by_o will_n m._n cowper_n surgeon_n 1698._o the_o anatomy_n of_o humane_a body_n with_o figure_n draw_v after_o the_o life_n by_o some_o of_o the_o best_a master_n in_o europe_n and_o curious_o engrave_v in_o one_o hundred_o and_o fourteen_o copper_n plate_n illustrate_v with_o large_a explication_n contain_v many_o new_a anatomical_a discovery_n and_o chirurgical_a observation_n to_o which_o be_v add_v a_o introduction_n explain_v the_o animal_n oeconomy_n with_o a_o copious_a index_n by_o william_n cowper_n oxford_z print_v at_o the_o theater_n for_o sam_n smith_z and_o benj._n walford_n printer_n to_o the_o royal_a society_n at_o the_o prince_n arm_n in_o st_n paul_n church_n yard_n london_n mdcxcviii_o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a charles_n montague_n first_o lord_n of_o the_o treasury_n chancellor_z of_o the_o exchequer_n one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o 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what_o he_o so_o often_o hear_v from_o the_o know_v and_o judicious_a and_o to_o repeat_v a_o character_n that_o come_v warrant_v to_o he_o by_o the_o most_o allow_v authority_n the_o true_a mark_n of_o worth_n sir_n be_v to_o be_v value_v there_o where_o one_o be_v most_o know_a the_o people_n of_o westminster_n who_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o first_o part_n of_o your_o life_n and_o have_v have_v the_o long_a experience_n of_o your_o virtue_n own_o open_o their_o just_a esteem_n of_o you_o by_o place_v in_o you_o the_o trust_n of_o represent_v they_o in_o parliament_n it_o be_v there_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o those_o that_o choose_v you_o that_o your_o excellent_a conduct_n of_o public_a affair_n be_v still_o supply_v they_o and_o all_o the_o world_n with_o fresh_a matter_n of_o applause_n and_o admiration_n but_o they_o have_v never_o more_o reason_n to_o be_v satisfy_v with_o their_o choice_n than_o on_o that_o glorious_a day_n when_o right_o be_v do_v to_o your_o merit_n by_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o nation_n in_o a_o vote_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o where_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o this_o house_n that_o the_o honourable_a charles_n montague_n esquire_n chancellor_z of_o the_o exchequer_n for_o his_o good_a service_n to_o this_o government_n do_v deserve_v his_o majesty_n favour_n a_o vote_n that_o carry_v more_o honour_n in_o it_o than_o all_o the_o title_n and_o patent_n of_o modern_a heraldry_n than_o all_o the_o inscription_n of_o ancient_n greece_n or_o rome_n what_o have_v ever_o happen_v like_o this_o to_o any_o of_o our_o ancestor_n in_o all_o the_o course_n of_o our_o record_n and_o history_n who_o beside_o have_v receive_v so_o solemn_a so_o noble_a and_o so_o public_a a_o panegyric_n from_o the_o vocie_n of_o his_o country_n pronounce_v within_o those_o wall_n where_o the_o tongue_n be_v leave_v to_o its_o liberty_n and_o no_o man_n oblige_v to_o speak_v otherwise_o than_o he_o think_v it_o be_v without_o doubt_n the_o first_o wish_v a_o englishman_n will_v make_v thus_o to_o deserve_v and_o possess_v the_o unite_a favour_n of_o prince_n and_o people_n and_o this_o degree_n of_o happiness_n have_v be_v grant_v to_o you_o alone_o the_o next_o be_v to_o have_v a_o place_n in_o the_o good_a opinion_n of_o he_o that_o be_v so_o universal_o value_v and_o this_o be_v the_o utmost_a ambition_n of_o sir_n your_o most_o humble_a and_o most_o obedient_a servant_n william_n cowper_n the_o introduction_n explain_v the_o animal_n oeconomy_n the_o contemplation_n of_o humane_a body_n be_v doubtless_o one_o of_o the_o most_o divert_v and_o noble_a amusement_n in_o which_o a_o philosophical_a mind_n can_v employ_v itself_o the_o structure_n contrivance_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o part_n be_v astonish_v and_o we_o can_v hardly_o desire_v more_o plain_a and_o convince_a proof_n of_o the_o wisdom_n and_o providence_n of_o the_o author_n of_o nature_n than_o what_o may_v be_v deduce_v from_o this_o source_n how_o surpize_v be_v the_o discovery_n which_o the_o happy_a industry_n of_o the_o present_a age_n have_v make_v in_o the_o animal_n world_n the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n the_o unity_n of_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n the_o origin_n and_o distribution_n of_o the_o chyle_n and_o lympha_fw-la the_o ovaria_n in_o female_n the_o embriunculi_fw-la in_o the_o masculine_a seed_n be_v equal_o certain_a and_o amaze_a beside_o a_o multitude_n of_o other_o curious_a observation_n we_o daily_o make_v by_o the_o help_n of_o microscope_n mercurial_a injection_n and_o such_o like_a method_n these_o be_v sufficient_a motive_n to_o induce_v all_o inquisitive_a person_n and_o lover_n of_o natural_a history_n to_o the_o study_n of_o anatomy_n but_o all_o professor_n of_o medicine_n be_v more_o immediate_o concern_v to_o be_v acquaint_v with_o it_o this_o be_v little_o less_o than_o the_o
and_o from_o the_o mixture_n of_o these_o two_o juice_n be_v compound_v a_o proper_a menstruum_fw-la by_o which_o the_o part_n of_o the_o aliment_n be_v dissolve_v and_o receive_v their_o first_o transmutation_n within_o the_o body_n in_o this_o action_n which_o be_v a_o dissolution_n of_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o alimentary_a mass_n the_o aerial_a part_n include_v in_o its_o pore_n now_o escape_v from_o their_o former_a prison_n and_o be_v rarify_v distend_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o stomach_n and_o this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n why_o most_o man_n have_v less_o appetite_n at_o some_o distance_n of_o time_n viz._n when_o this_o intumescence_n be_v make_v than_o immediate_o after_o they_o cease_v from_o eat_v from_o the_o same_o cause_n arise_v frequent_a eructation_n great_a inflation_n from_o divers_a meat_n such_o as_o old_a pease_n cabbage_n root_n herb_n and_o other_o vegetable_n which_o very_o much_o disturb_v decay_v debilitate_a stomach_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o suspect_v the_o stomachick_n menstruum_fw-la may_v excite_v a_o intestine_a motion_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o mass_n in_o digestion_n which_o yet_o i_o do_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o call_v fermentation_n fear_v so_o bold_a a_o term_n may_v mislead_v we_o into_o a_o false_a idea_n of_o a_o great_a conflict_n than_o real_o happen_v the_o intumescence_n or_o dilatation_n of_o the_o stomach_n have_v two_o effect_n first_o to_o compress_v the_o gall_n bladder_n and_o pancreas_n and_o oblige_v their_o ductus_fw-la excretorii_fw-la to_o spew_v out_o their_o content_n into_o the_o duodenum_fw-la next_o to_o retard_v the_o refluent_a blood_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n dispose_v the_o muscular_a fibres_fw-fr of_o the_o ventricle_n to_o a_o contraction_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o last_o hint_n will_v appear_v by_o what_o we_o have_v offer_v concern_v muscular_a motion_n in_o the_o introduction_n to_o our_o myotomia_fw-la reformata_fw-la for_o the_o cause_n of_o hunger_n which_o be_v a_o observable_a phaenomenon_n belong_v to_o this_o part_n i_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v a_o irritation_n of_o the_o stomach_n arise_v from_o a_o copious_a quantity_n of_o this_o menstruum_fw-la when_o it_o want_v matter_n to_o act_v upon_o this_o conjecture_n seem_v more_o probable_a since_o it_o be_v natural_a to_o discharge_v the_o hospital_n out_o of_o the_o mouth_n which_o come_v into_o it_o at_o that_o time_n rather_o than_o suffer_v it_o to_o descend_v into_o the_o stomach_n and_o we_o may_v perpetual_o observe_v a_o deprave_a appetite_n do_v follow_v a_o vitiation_n of_o the_o saliva_n as_o in_o scorbutic_a habit_n salivation_n by_o mercurial_a medicine_n and_o such_o like_a case_n when_o the_o mass_n be_v sufficient_o prepare_v and_o reduce_v to_o a_o pultaceous_a consistence_n the_o stomach_n by_o the_o help_n of_o its_o muscular_a fibres_n contract_v itself_o and_o expel_v its_o content_n through_o the_o pylorus_n into_o the_o duodenum_fw-la where_o the_o digest_v mass_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o bile_n and_o pancreatic_a juice_n force_v to_o discharge_v itself_o here_o as_o be_v just_a now_o describe_v which_o volatilize_v subtiliate_v and_o separate_a the_o more_o fluid_a and_o fine_a part_n of_o the_o aliment_n from_o the_o more_o impure_a and_o gross_a and_o here_o it_o be_v that_o chylification_n be_v first_o make_v perfect_a now_o the_o bile_n abound_v with_o lixivial_a salt_n be_v apt_a to_o entangle_v with_o the_o grosser_n part_n of_o the_o chylaceous_a mass_n and_o its_o saline_n quality_n not_o only_o cleanse_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o gut_n from_o the_o mucus_fw-la excrete_v by_o their_o gland_n app._n fig._n 40._o to_o smear_v their_o inmost_a coat_n and_o defend_v the_o ostia_n of_o the_o lacteal_v vessel_n from_o be_v injure_v by_o extraneous_a body_n which_o may_v happen_v to_o pass_v that_o way_n but_o stimulate_v the_o intestine_n in_o their_o peristaltic_a motion_n the_o peristaltic_a or_o wormlike_a motion_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v thus_o accelerate_a by_o the_o acrimony_n of_o the_o bile_n the_o content_n of_o the_o intestine_n be_v carry_v on_o and_o the_o thin_a and_o more_o fluid_a part_n fit_v for_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o lacteal_v vessel_n be_v absorb_v by_o they_o and_o the_o thick_a move_n on_o more_o slow_o till_o by_o the_o many_o stop_v they_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o connivent_fw-la valve_n all_o the_o chyle_n be_v at_o length_n absorb_v and_o the_o remain_v be_v mere_o excrementitious_a be_v only_o fit_a to_o be_v exclude_v by_o stool_n this_o vermicular_a motion_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v perform_v by_o the_o alternate_a contraction_n of_o their_o longitudinal_n and_o transverse_a fibres_n app._n fig._n 39.40_o which_o at_o the_o same_o time_n convey_v the_o digest_v mass_n through_o the_o intestinal_a tube_n and_o express_v the_o chyle_n into_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o lacteal_v vessel_n adapt_v to_o receive_v it_o who_o progress_n from_o the_o intestine_n till_o it_o be_v discharge_v into_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n next_o present_v itself_o to_o our_o consideration_n by_o the_o reciprocal_a action_n of_o these_o differ_a fibre_n and_o the_o apposition_n of_o the_o connivent_fw-la valve_n tab._n 39_o fig._n 2._o the_o chyle_n be_v force_v into_o the_o lacteal_v vessel_n tab._n ib._n fig._n 1._o and_o hence_o it_o be_v we_o can_v make_v any_o fluid_a pass_n from_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o gut_n into_o the_o same_o vessel_n when_o the_o peristaltic_a motion_n cease_v a_o far_a use_n of_o the_o contraction_n of_o these_o muscular_a fibres_n be_v to_o accelerate_v the_o chyle_n in_o its_o progress_n till_o the_o lympha_fw-la derive_v from_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o gut_n join_v with_o it_o which_o be_v do_v before_o it_o leave_v the_o external_n surface_n of_o the_o intestine_n by_o this_o addition_n the_o chyle_n be_v dilute_v and_o assist_v in_o its_o progress_n towards_o the_o mesenterick_n gland_n in_o the_o cell_n of_o which_o it_o be_v a_o second_o time_n mix_v with_o a_o juice_n or_o lymphatic_a liquor_n there_o secrete_v from_o the_o artery_n and_o so_o carry_v on_o to_o the_o vasa_n lactea_fw-la secundi_fw-la generis_fw-la these_o vessel_n resemble_v pipe_n convey_v the_o chyle_n from_o hence_o all_o empty_n themselves_o into_o the_o common_a receptacle_n or_o cistern_n the_o happy_a discovery_n of_o which_o we_o owe_v to_o the_o observation_n of_o mons._n pecquet_n it_o be_v here_o the_o lympha_fw-la return_v from_o the_o inferior_a limb_n and_o adjacent_a part_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o chyle_n app._n fig._n 11._o which_o not_o only_o serve_v to_o dilute_v but_o promote_v its_o ascent_n through_o the_o thoracick_a dust_n fig._n ib._n to_o the_o lest_o subclavian_n vein_n fig._n ib._n where_o this_o channel_n empty_v its_o content_n into_o the_o main_a current_n of_o the_o blood_n if_o we_o consider_v in_o this_o dust_n its_o several_a division_n and_o inosculation_n resemble_v the_o vein_n of_o the_o testicle_n its_o numerous_a valve_n look_v from_o below_o upward_o its_o advantageous_a situation_n between_o the_o great_a artery_n and_o vertebra_n of_o the_o back_n together_o with_o the_o duct_n discharge_v their_o refluent_a lympha_fw-la from_o the_o lung_n and_o the_o other_o neighbour_a part_n we_o shall_v find_v all_o conduce_v to_o demonstrate_v the_o utmost_a art_n of_o nature_n use_v in_o further_a the_o steep_a and_o perpendicular_a ascent_n of_o the_o chyle_n which_o beautiful_a order_n be_v represent_v app._n fig._n 11._o and_o can_v but_o equal_o create_v in_o we_o delight_n and_o admiration_n have_v trace_v this_o animal_n juice_n to_o its_o reception_n into_o the_o blood_n with_o which_o it_o be_v at_o last_o circulate_v and_o assimulate_v we_o shall_v proceed_v to_o the_o blood_n itself_o who_o circular_a motion_n the_o various_a artifices_fw-la of_o nature_n for_o adjust_v the_o proportion_n and_o other_o subordinate_a contrivance_n the_o manner_n and_o cause_n of_o the_o contraction_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o artery_n respiration_n with_o the_o whole_a theory_n of_o the_o lympha_fw-la and_o glandular_a secretion_n in_o the_o order_n of_o nature_n follow_v the_o refluent_a blood_n in_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la meeting_n in_o the_o right_a auricle_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v thence_o expel_v by_o its_o contraction_n into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o its_o diastole_n but_o by_o its_o systole_n or_o contraction_n it_o be_v thence_o drive_v into_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonaris_n from_o who_o capillary_a vessel_n it_o pass_v into_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la pulmonaris_n and_o thence_o return_v be_v discharge_v into_o the_o left_a auricle_n and_o ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v again_o by_o the_o systole_n drive_v into_o the_o aorta_n by_o who_o branch_n it_o be_v convey_v through_o the_o whole_a system_n of_o the_o body_n but_o when_o it_o arrive_v in_o the_o capillary_a artery_n it_o do_v not_o stop_v there_o but_o pass_v into_o the_o like_a
capillary_a vein_n and_o from_o thence_o into_o the_o great_a branch_n next_o into_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o so_o into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n again_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o three_o tricuspid_a valve_n in_o the_o right_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 6._o and_o the_o two_o mitral_a valve_n tab._n ead_a fig._n 12._o in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n oppose_v its_o return_n into_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o vena_fw-la pulmonaris_n and_o the_o semilunary_a valve_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonaris_n tab._n ead_a fig._n 14._o and_o aorta_n tab._n ib._n fig._n 13._o prevent_v its_o reflux_n into_o the_o ventricles_n the_o structure_n and_o position_n of_o which_o membrane_n be_v sufficient_a alone_o to_o lead_v all_o observe_v man_n into_o a_o complete_a knowledge_n of_o its_o motion_n and_o progress_n the_o circular_a motion_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v first_o explain_v and_o the_o whole_a demonstrate_v in_o a_o treatise_n express_o write_v upon_o that_o subject_a and_o publish_v in_o the_o year_n 1628._o by_o our_o learned_a and_o ingenious_a dr._n harvey_n to_o omit_v all_o dispute_n here_o how_o far_o this_o be_v know_v to_o cesalpinus_n columbus_n servetus_n or_o any_o of_o the_o anatomist_n or_o virtuoso_n of_o the_o last_o age._n but_o the_o manner_n how_o this_o animal_n liquor_n be_v transmit_v from_o the_o artery_n to_o the_o vein_n have_v remain_v hitherto_o a_o secret_a and_o afford_v matter_n of_o controversy_n some_o pretend_v this_o be_v do_v by_o some_o blind_a imperceptible_fw-fr meatus_fw-la in_o the_o carnous_a part_n and_o perplex_v themselves_o to_o give_v irrational_a and_o chimerical_a account_n which_o we_o shall_v not_o here_o lose_v time_n to_o enumerate_v or_o refute_v but_o the_o late_a great_a improvement_n of_o microscope_n have_v put_v a_o end_n to_o all_o these_o uncertain_a conjecture_n by_o discover_v to_o our_o naked_a eye_n that_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n be_v but_o one_o continue_v inflect_v tube_n and_o the_o blood_n pass_v from_o one_o to_o the_o other_o in_o a_o uninterrupted_a current_n which_o unity_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n by_o a_o parity_n of_o reason_n we_o infer_v extend_v to_o the_o whole_a system_n and_o will_v hardly_o be_v question_v by_o those_o who_o consider_v the_o prompt_a passage_n of_o mercury_n and_o other_o injected_a liquor_n from_o the_o artery_n to_o the_o vein_n or_o see_v the_o globule_n of_o blood_n pass_v these_o angustia_n and_o revert_v with_o incredible_a rapidity_n in_o the_o fin_n of_o fish_n app._n f._n 4_o 5._o which_o curious_a discovery_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v repute_v the_o least_o advancement_n which_o this_o part_n of_o natural_a history_n have_v receive_v the_o great_a engine_n which_o set_v all_o this_o motion_n on_o foot_n be_v the_o heart_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 9_o by_o who_o repeat_v elastic_a contraction_n the_o blood_n be_v drive_v to_o the_o remote_a part_n through_o the_o arterial_a system_n app._n fig._n 3._o and_o force_v to_o continue_v its_o motion_n back_o through_o the_o venous_a channel_n this_o elastic_a force_n be_v primary_o seat_v in_o its_o own_o muscular_a fibres_n who_o spiral_n contortion_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 2_o 3._o be_v very_o well_o describe_v by_o dr._n lower_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr cord_n but_o the_o pendulous_a position_n and_o the_o fibre_n which_o compose_v its_o great_a artery_n i._n e._n the_o pulmonaris_n and_o aorta_n assist_v very_o much_o and_o the_o heart_n take_v out_o of_o the_o body_n and_o hold_v up_o by_o the_o artery_n will_v continue_v the_o least_o gentle_a motion_n impress_v on_o it_o for_o a_o considerable_a time_n which_o effect_n can_v only_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o elasticity_n of_o the_o arterial_a trunk_n by_o which_o it_o be_v suspend_v the_o heart_n be_v the_o immediate_a instrument_n but_o what_o be_v the_o vis_fw-fr motrix_fw-la which_o force_v its_o fibre_n to_o a_o contraction_n be_v a_o far_o great_a difficulty_n and_o one_o of_o the_o most_o abstruse_a inscrutable_a mystery_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v in_o this_o respect_n our_o body_n differ_v from_o artificial_a machine_n the_o former_a have_v in_o themselves_o a_o perpetual_a principle_n of_o motion_n which_o the_o latter_a by_o no_o invention_n of_o man_n can_v arrive_v at_o in_o my_o opinion_n the_o heart_n of_o a_o animal_n bear_v a_o great_a analogy_n to_o the_o pendulum_n of_o those_o artificial_a automata_n clock_n and_o watch_n whilst_o its_o motion_n be_v perform_v like_o that_o of_o other_o muscle_n the_o blood_n do_v the_o office_n of_o a_o pondus_fw-la the_o observation_n of_o the_o curious_a mons._n peyer_n in_o parergo_fw-la septimo_fw-la seem_v to_o favour_v this_o opinion_n who_o tell_v we_o he_o have_v with_o pleasure_n see_v the_o heart_n renew_v its_o contraction_n by_o blow_v into_o the_o thoracick_a dust_n when_o the_o part_n have_v begin_v to_o grow_v stiff_a after_o death_n the_o like_a motion_n of_o the_o heart_n i_o have_v more_o than_o once_o observe_v to_o be_v restore_v by_o blow_v into_o the_o vein_n of_o a_o dog_n and_o pour_v warm_a water_n on_o it_o or_o apply_v the_o palm_n of_o the_o hand_n not_o long_o after_o its_o cessation_n beside_o the_o quantity_n doubtless_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o blood_n have_v a_o share_n since_o all_o distemper_n which_o alter_v the_o mass_n at_o the_o same_o time_n create_v a_o hurry_n and_o disorder_n in_o its_o motion_n to_o explain_v the_o action_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o this_o case_n and_o the_o influence_n it_o have_v over_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n we_o must_v consider_v its_o nature_n constituent_a part_n and_o the_o alteration_n it_o be_v dispose_v to_o receive_v this_o animal_n fluid_n consist_v of_o two_o part_n serous_a and_o globular_a the_o distinction_n of_o these_o part_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v evident_a to_o the_o naked_a eye_n after_o its_o stagnation_n in_o any_o vessel_n but_o be_v clear_o evince_v by_o the_o microscope_n in_o its_o circulation_n through_o the_o tail_n and_o fin_n of_o fish_n and_o other_o transparent_a part_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o be_v represent_v appendix_n fig._n 4_o 5._o where_o the_o globule_n seem_v to_o swim_v in_o the_o serum_fw-la in_o this_o state_n of_o mixture_n now_o the_o blood_n be_v in_o this_o manner_n a_o heterogeneous_a liquor_n compose_v of_o particle_n of_o various_a magnitude_n and_o figure_n must_v be_v subject_a to_o a_o intestine_a motion_n but_o the_o great_a rapidity_n of_o its_o current_n through_o the_o artery_n and_o the_o angustiae_fw-la in_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n not_o admit_v any_o retrograde_a motion_n to_o be_v there_o make_v it_o be_v defer_v till_o it_o arrive_v in_o the_o great_a vein_n where_o its_o progress_n be_v retard_v and_o the_o room_n more_o spacious_a and_o the_o intestine_a motion_n there_o commence_v which_o arise_v to_o a_o great_a or_o less_o height_n as_o the_o blood_n be_v more_o or_o less_o charge_v with_o incongruous_a part_n the_o alteration_n which_o the_o blood_n by_o this_o mean_n receive_v have_v no_o inconsiderable_a share_n in_o the_o heart_n contraction_n and_o though_o it_o be_v not_o the_o prime_n efficient_a cause_n yet_o we_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o it_o be_v partial_a and_o incitative_a as_o appear_v in_o fever_n and_o several_a other_o distemper_n where_o the_o whole_a mass_n be_v accelerate_a and_o the_o pulse_n more_o frequent_a beside_o all_o these_o cause_n the_o brain_n by_o its_o nervous_a trunk_n send_v to_o this_o part_n which_o be_v very_o thick_a and_o tense_n yet_o lie_v very_o loose_a contribute_v much_o to_o this_o action_n and_o here_o we_o may_v observe_v not_o only_o these_o of_o the_o heart_n but_o the_o whole_a system_n of_o nerve_n which_o serve_v the_o viscera_n in_o the_o thorax_n and_o low_a belly_n have_v their_o propagines_fw-la very_o numerous_a and_o tense_n notwithstanding_o which_o they_o lie_v loose_a or_o free_a in_o their_o progress_n from_o the_o brain_n to_o their_o respective_a part_n both_o which_o concur_v in_o dispose_v they_o to_o receive_v and_o retain_v all_o impression_n from_o their_o extremity_n this_o faculty_n beginning_n to_o exert_v itself_o even_o while_o the_o foetus_fw-la be_v in_o vtero_fw-la grow_v familiar_a and_o natural_a and_o from_o this_o early_a habit_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o infant_n they_o after_o perform_v their_o duty_n sleep_v or_o wake_v without_o the_o least_o advertence_n but_o this_o by_o the_o by_o and_o now_o if_o what_o have_v be_v note_a shall_v be_v think_v sufficient_a to_o give_v ground_n to_o hope_v future_a inquiry_n may_v discover_v more_o adequate_a cause_n of_o this_o great_a phaenomenon_n we_o have_v obtain_v our_o desire_n and_o shall_v leave_v these_o hint_n to_o be_v improve_v by_o man_n of_o more_o industry_n and_o leasure_n before_o we_o leave_v this_o subject_a we_o must_v not_o omit_v to_o remark_n some_o observable_a artifices_fw-la of_o nature_n for_o the_o better_a carry_v
and_o mitral_a valve_n d_o the_o aorta_fw-mi divide_v between_o its_o origin_n from_o the_o heart_n and_o valve_n and_o recline_v to_o one_o side_n hang_v by_o its_o twoâ—_n coronary_a artery_n express_v fig._n 2._o e_fw-la e._n e_o e_o the_o three_o semilunary_a valve_n of_o the_o aorta_fw-mi which_o hinder_v a_o return_n of_o the_o blood_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o diastole_n fig._n 4._o the_o concourse_n of_o fibres_n near_o the_o cone_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o they_o appear_v after_o a_o transverse_a section_n fig._n 5._o some_o fasciculi_fw-la of_o fibres_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n a_o b_o the_o two_o tendinous_a extremity_n of_o the_o oblique_a fleshy_a fibre_n express_v fig._n two_o 3._o c_o the_o fleshy_a part_n of_o the_o fibre_n between_o the_o two_o tendon_n d_o the_o collateral_a fibre_n which_o appear_v in_o divide_v the_o last_o mention_v fasciculi_fw-la nor_o be_v these_o any_o other_o than_o part_v of_o the_o fibre_n of_o the_o divide_v fasciculus_fw-la and_o lay_v parallel_n to_o each_o other_o according_a to_o their_o length_n the_o blood-vessel_n and_o nerve_n pass_v between_o these_o fibre_n make_v a_o reticular_a appearance_n when_o divide_v as_o here_o express_v fig._n 6._o the_o right_a auricle_n and_o part_n of_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n a_o a_o the_o right_a auricle_n expanded_a b_o b_o b_o the_o three_o tricuspid_a valve_n two_o of_o which_o be_v extend_v by_o pin_v out_o their_o tendon_n derive_v from_o the_o columnae_n carneae_fw-la see_v fig._n 7._o g_o g_o fig._n 10._o a_o inferior_n the_o office_n of_o the_o auricles_n be_v to_o receive_v part_n of_o the_o refluent_a blood_n whilst_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o systole_n and_o to_o discharge_v that_o blood_n again_o into_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n when_o it_o be_v in_o diastole_n so_o that_o the_o auricles_n of_o the_o heart_n seem_v as_o diverticula_n to_o the_o blood_n in_o its_o pass_n into_o its_o ventricles_n else_o a_o repercussion_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o vein_n will_v necessary_o happen_v in_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o will_v prevent_v the_o regular_a influx_n of_o the_o blood_n to_o the_o ventricles_n fig._n 7._o the_o heart_n with_o its_o left_a ventricle_n open_v a_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la pulmonalis_fw-la b_o the_o aorta_fw-mi in_o like_a manner_n open_v c_o c_o the_o septum_fw-la cordis_n which_o divide_v the_o right_a ventricle_n from_o the_o left_a d_o the_o left_a auricle_n entire_a which_o in_o humane_a body_n be_v very_o little_a as_o appear_v by_o this_o figure_n and_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o pulmonick_a vein_n very_o large_a d_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o arterìa_n pulmonica_n cut_v off_o e_o e_o two_o of_o the_o three_o semilunary_a valve_n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la which_o hinder_v the_o reflux_n of_o the_o blood_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o diastole_n in_o which_o action_n they_o be_v express_v fig._n 3._o e_o e._n f_o f_o the_o two_o mitral_a valve_n in_o the_o pulmonick_a vein_n which_o prevent_v the_o blood_n repass_v that_o vessel_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o systole_n g_o g_o the_o carneae_fw-la columnae_n compose_v of_o muscular_a fibres_n derive_v from_o those_o of_o the_o side_n of_o the_o heart_n whençe_v divers_a small_a tendinous_a filament_n do_v arise_v and_o be_v faltn_v to_o the_o inferior_a limbus_n of_o the_o mitral_a valve_n by_o which_o mean_v those_o valve_n be_v draw_v down_o towards_o the_o cone_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o prevent_v the_o blood_n from_o pass_v out_o again_o that_o way_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o systole_n i_o know_v dr._n lower_v in_o his_o accurate_a book_n de_fw-fr cord_n suppose_n that_o these_o mitral_a and_o tricuspid_a valve_n be_v relax_v in_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o by_o their_o rise_n up_o stop_v up_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o vein_n but_o if_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o these_o part_n be_v attentive_o consider_v in_o a_o large_a animal_n as_o in_o a_o ox_n etc._n etc._n it_o will_v appear_v reasonable_a to_o conceive_v that_o these_o mitral_a and_o tricuspid_a valve_n be_v rather_o draw_v down_o than_o suffer_v extrusion_n upward_o nor_o need_v nature_n have_v be_v at_o any_o trouble_n in_o make_v those_o valve_n at_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o vein_n any_o otherwise_o than_o the_o reverse_n of_o the_o semilunary_a valve_n of_o artery_n if_o as_o the_o expert_a dr._n low_a suppose_n they_o be_v drive_v up_o and_o extend_v like_o a_o sail_n with_o wind_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o systole_n but_o by_o fasten_v those_o tendinous_a fibre_n to_o the_o lower-part_n of_o those_o tricuspid_n and_o mitral_a valve_n which_o be_v of_o a_o conical_a figure_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v a_o argument_n that_o they_o can_v suffer_v such_o extension_n upward_o without_o let_v some_o part_n of_o the_o blood_n repass_v they_o in_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n beside_o there_o must_v constant_o a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n remain_v in_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n if_o those_o valve_n be_v so_o dispose_v in_o its_o systole_n which_o i_o think_v the_o dr._n himself_o seem_v no_o where_o to_o conceive_v but_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v with_o great_a strength_n adequate_o compress_v in_o its_o systole_n for_o which_o end_v the_o inside_n of_o its_o ventricles_n be_v compose_v of_o divers_a fleshy_a column_n between_o which_o divers_a intersticia_n necessary_o result_v that_o be_v elegant_o express_v in_o this_o figure_n by_o which_o mean_n the_o ventricles_n be_v more_o exact_o close_v in_o their_o systole_n than_o they_o can_v have_v be_v have_v they_o be_v smooth_a fig._n 8._o the_o heart_n with_o its_o right_a ventricle_n open_v a_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o right_a auricle_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o it_o appear_v when_o open_v and_o pin_v out_o b_o the_o left_a auricle_n entire_a c_o the_o coronary_a blood-vessel_n of_o the_o heart_n from_o these_o particular_o from_o the_o artery_n spring_v those_o of_o the_o auricles_n and_o large_a blood-vessel_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o the_o accurate_a ruysch_n describe_v they_o in_o his_o anatomical_a epistle_n pag._n 15._o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o heart_n spring_n from_o the_o eight_o pair_n and_o intercostal_a nerve_n a_o particular_a description_n of_o which_o may_v be_v find_v in_o dr._n lower_n book_n de_n cord_n and_o vieussenius_fw-la nervographia_fw-la d_o part_v of_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n open_v e_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la arteriosa_fw-la or_o arteria_fw-la pulmonalis_fw-la divide_v and_o expand_v f_o f_o f_o the_o three_o valvulae_fw-la sigmoide_n or_o semilunare_n which_o oppose_v the_o return_n of_o the_o blood_n from_o the_o lung_n by_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonica_n into_o the_o heart_n when_o it_o be_v in_o diastole_n fig._n 9_o a_o a_o the_o heart_n cut_v transverse_o b_o that_o part_n of_o it_o next_o its_o basis._n c_o that_o next_o its_o cone_n d_o d_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n e_o the_o leave_v f_o the_o septum_fw-la cordis_n or_o the_o partition_n between_o the_o two_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n g_o g_o a_o stylus_fw-la put_v through_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n h_o h_n another_o pass_v from_o the_o same_o ventricle_n through_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonalis_fw-la i_o i_o a_o stylus_fw-la in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n pass_v out_o at_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la k_o k_o another_o insert_v into_o the_o same_o ventricle_n by_o the_o vena_fw-la pulmonica_n fig._n 10._o a_o inferior_n a_o portion_n of_o the_o columna_fw-la carnis_fw-la of_o one_o of_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n cut_v off_o see_v fig._n 7._o g_o g_o in_o situ_fw-la b_o the_o tendinous_a fibre_n derive_v from_o the_o fleshy_a column_n and_o fasten_v to_o the_o inferior_a margin_n of_o one_o of_o the_o tricuspid_a valve_n a_o a_o superior_n portion_n of_o the_o tricuspid_a valve_n fig._n 11._o the_o coronary_a blood-vessel_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o they_o appear_v on_o its_o surface_n when_o inject_v after_o dry_n the_o whole_a heart_n a_o a_o the_o artery_n fill_v with_o mercury_n fix_v with_o tin_n b_o b_o the_o vein_n extend_v with_o wax_n fig._n 12._o a_o portion_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la pulmonalis_fw-la next_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n a_o a_o part_n of_o the_o mitral_a valve_n pin_v out_o by_o their_o tendon_n fig._n 13._o the_o inner_a surface_n of_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la cut_v off_o at_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n when_o divide_v and_o expand_v a_o a_o a_o a_o the_o three_o semilunary_a valve_n well_o express_v when_o pin_v out_o one_o of_o they_o be_v cut_v through_o in_o its_o middle_a in_o divide_v the_o great_a artery_n fig._n
have_v be_v so_o unfortunate_a as_o to_o leave_v the_o stone_n still_o in_o the_o bladder_n e_o the_o vasa_n preparantia_fw-la or_o blood-vessel_n of_o the_o testes_fw-la involve_v in_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la f_o the_o testicle_n between_o f_o and_o e_o g_o be_v that_o part_n of_o the_o spermatick_a vessel_n call_v corpus_n pyramidale_n and_o plexus_fw-la pampiniformis_fw-la or_o varicosus_n g_o g_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la ascend_v from_o the_o testicle_n to_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la seminales_fw-la h_o h_n the_o vesiculae_fw-la seminales_fw-la blow_v up_o by_o the_o vasa_n deferentia_fw-la that_o of_o the_o right_a side_n have_v a_o blow-pipe_n still_o remain_v in_o it_o ay_o the_o backpart_n of_o the_o prostatae_fw-la or_o corpus_fw-la glandosum_fw-la k_o k_o the_o backpart_n of_o the_o penis_n l_o l_o the_o musculi_fw-la directores_fw-la penis_n who_o origin_n progress_n and_o termination_n be_v express_v tab._n 47._o fig._n 5._o m_o the_o bulb_n of_o the_o cavernous_a body_n of_o the_o urethra_n devest_v of_o the_o musculus_fw-la accelerator_fw-la urinae_fw-la express_v in_o the_o last_o mention_v table_n that_o part_n of_o the_o bulb_n towards_o the_o anus_fw-la be_v cut_v off_o its_o internal_a cavernous_a part_n here_o appear_v depress_v or_o draw_v inward_o the_o forty-fifth_a table_n fig._n 1._o be_v the_o testes_fw-la with_o its_o vessel_n and_o membrane_n when_o free_v from_o the_o scrotum_fw-la a_o the_o body_n of_o the_o testicle_n b_o some_o appearance_n of_o the_o musculus_fw-la cremaster_fw-la according_a to_o bidloo_n c_o c_o the_o tunica_n vaginalis_fw-la d_o it_o be_v inferior_a part_n cleave_v to_o the_o testicle_n e_z it_o be_v superior_a part_n continue_v to_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la f_o the_o serpentine_a distribution_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n on_o the_o testes_fw-la g_o that_o part_n of_o the_o testes_fw-la next_o the_o epididymis_fw-la h_o the_o epididymis_fw-la h_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la whole_a thickness_n and_o cavity_n be_v very_o true_o express_v at_o its_o extremity_n ay_o a_o particular_a vaginal-tunicle_n of_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la which_o bidloo_n say_v have_v circular_a fibres_n but_o not_o here_o express_v k_o the_o blood-vessel_n of_o the_o testicle_n call_v vasa_n praeparantia_fw-la as_o they_o appear_v before_o any_o injection_n or_o inflation_n be_v make_v into_o they_o l_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o testicle_n fig._n 2._o the_o testes_fw-la vas_n deferens_fw-la and_o vasa_n praeparantia_fw-la display_v together_o with_o some_o lymphduct_n of_o the_o former_a a_o the_o arteria_fw-la spermatica_fw-la continue_v from_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o descend_v trunk_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la i_o can_v but_o suspect_v this_o part_n of_o the_o figure_n to_o be_v erroneous_a since_o in_o the_o many_o subject_n i_o have_v always_o observe_v the_o origin_n of_o the_o spermatick_a artery_n to_o be_v very_o small_a even_o much_o smaller_n than_o its_o inferior_a trunk_n insomuch_o that_o its_o cavity_n arise_v from_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la will_v scarce_o admit_v the_o small_a probe_n common_o use_v it_o be_v but_o just_o capacious_a enough_o to_o receive_v a_o large_a hog_n bristle_v a_o a_o etc._n etc._n the_o ramification_n of_o the_o spermatick_a artery_n in_o their_o descent_n to_o the_o testes_fw-la b_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o spermatick_a vein_n with_o a_o portion_n oâ—_n the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la into_o which_o it_o enter_v c_o d_o bb_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v various_a anastomosis_n and_o retiforme_a inosculation_n as_o it_o ascend_v from_o the_o testes_fw-la e_o e_o the_o valve_n of_o the_o spermatick_a vein_n which_o look_v from_o below_o upward_o and_o prevent_v the_o descent_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o that_o vessel_n shall_v it_o be_v ask_v why_o the_o spermatick_a vein_n in_o humane_a body_n and_o the_o artery_n in_o quadrupedes_fw-la shall_v have_v a_o tortuous_a progress_n towards_o the_o testicle_n and_o vice_n versa_fw-la the_o humane_a spermatick_a artery_n and_o vein_n of_o quadrupedes_fw-la shall_v pass_v straight_o we_o answer_v though_o the_o separation_n of_o the_o semen_n in_o the_o testicle_n be_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o of_o other_o liquor_n in_o conglomerate_v gland_n yet_o we_o constant_o find_v in_o all_o animal_n that_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o testes_fw-la be_v propagate_v from_o their_o large_a trunk_n at_o a_o considerable_a distance_n from_o they_o and_o those_o of_o the_o conglomerate_v gland_n be_v always_o supply_v with_o blood-vessel_n from_o the_o next_o neighbouring-branch_n and_o this_o practice_n in_o nature_n we_o can_v at_o present_v account_n for_o otherwise_o than_o that_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o testicle_n shall_v not_o pass_v with_o that_o velocity_n as_o it_o do_v in_o other_o gland_n else_o what_o shall_v be_v the_o design_n of_o those_o many_o turn_n and_o wind_n make_v in_o the_o spermatick_a artery_n of_o most_o if_o not_o all_o quadrupedes_fw-la but_o that_o every_o angle_n of_o their_o contortion_n shall_v take_v off_o the_o impetus_fw-la of_o the_o impel_v blood_n from_o the_o heart_n but_o the_o subject_a of_o our_o present_a animadversion_n here_o offer_v a_o objection_n why_o than_o be_v the_o spermatick_a artery_n in_o humane_a body_n straight_o when_o their_o progress_n be_v towards_o a_o perpendicular_a descent_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o erect_a position_n of_o the_o body_n we_o answer_v that_o the_o descend_v progress_n of_o the_o blood_n may_v be_v a_o very_a good_a argument_n of_o its_o enjoy_v a_o free_a accession_n to_o the_o testes_fw-la but_o we_o constant_o observe_v in_o all_o humane_a body_n that_o the_o spermatick_a artery_n be_v as_o we_o have_v intimate_v above_o very_o small_a at_o their_o original_n from_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la which_o be_v a_o sufficient_a impediment_n to_o any_o great_a impetus_fw-la of_o the_o blood_n from_o the_o great_a artery_n nor_o be_v this_o contrivance_n in_o nature_n necessary_a in_o quadrupedes_fw-la because_o it_o will_v be_v a_o impediment_n in_o they_o in_o provide_v that_o requisite_a stock_n of_o semen_n to_o impregnate_n the_o female_a with_o her_o number_n or_o in_o regard_n a_o great_a proportion_n of_o semen_n be_v in_o they_o necessary_a on_o the_o account_n of_o the_o length_n of_o the_o cornua_fw-la uteri_fw-la which_o it_o must_v first_o pass_v through_o before_o it_o can_v arrive_v at_o the_o fallopian_a tube_n and_o ovaria_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o testes_fw-la of_o quadrupedes_fw-la be_v much_o large_a in_o proportion_n than_o the_o humane_a but_o why_o the_o humane_a spermatick_a vein_n be_v thus_o divide_v and_o inosculate_v with_o each_o other_o when_o those_o of_o quadrupedes_fw-la be_v straight_n and_o few_o trunk_n be_v accountable_a from_o their_o position_n those_o of_o man_n be_v towards_o a_o perpendicular_a ascent_n to_o convey_v the_o refluent_a blood_n and_o those_o of_o quadrupedes_fw-la near_o horizontal_n from_o hence_o the_o necessity_n of_o make_v one_o of_o these_o blood-vessel_n varicous_a do_v appear_v especial_o the_o humane_a spermatick_a vein_n which_o if_o have_v the_o artery_n be_v also_o as_o in_o quadrupedes_fw-la the_o space_n or_o perforation_n in_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la for_o their_o egress_n must_v have_v be_v so_o large_a as_o that_o the_o intestine_n will_v have_v be_v continual_o liable_a to_o a_o extrusion_n f_o part_v of_o the_o epididymis_fw-la g_o the_o glandulous_a part_n of_o the_o testicle_n devest_v of_o its_o proper_a membrane_n h_o h_n the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la partly_o free_v from_o the_o epididymis_fw-la to_o exhibit_v some_o of_o its_o contortion_n ay_o the_o tunica_n vaginalis_fw-la of_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la k_o the_o tunica_n albuginea_n with_o some_o of_o the_o glandulous_a part_n of_o the_o testicle_n raise_v with_o it_o l_o part_v of_o the_o tunica_n elythroide_v or_o vaginalis_fw-la m_o some_o of_o the_o lymphduct_n of_o the_o testicle_n pin_v out_o fig._n 3._o part_v of_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la that_o compose_v the_o epididymis_fw-la do_v much_o big_a than_o the_o life_n a_o a_o part_v of_o the_o testicle_n b_o d_o the_o tortuous_a or_o serpentine_a disposition_n of_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la in_o the_o epididymis_fw-la in_o which_o manner_n the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o epididymis_fw-la be_v compose_v of_o that_o vessel_n or_o secretory_a dust_n of_o the_o testicle_n c_o d_o another_o separation_n of_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la in_o the_o epididymis_fw-la e_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la i_o i_o the_o tunica_n vaginalis_fw-la of_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la compose_v of_o circular_a fibres_n according_a to_o bidloo_n the_o forty-sixth_a table_n fig._n 1._o a_o the_o glandulous_a part_n of_o the_o testicle_n devest_v of_o its_o proper_a integument_n b_o b_o the_o tunica_n albuginea_n or_o proper_a membrane_n of_o the_o testes_fw-la raise_v and_o pin_v up_o c_o c_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o testes_fw-la break_v off_o in_o raise_v the_o albuginea_n d_o e_o etc._n etc._n some_o of_o the_o blood-vessel_n which_o perforate_v the_o tunica_n albuginea_n f_o part_v of_o the_o folding_n of_o the_o
blood-vessel_n of_o both_o kind_n free_a from_o the_o gland_n succiferous_a tube_n and_o duct_n according_a to_o bidloo_n fig._n 7_o 8._o the_o branch_a of_o the_o artery_n and_o vein_n on_o the_o chorion_n who_o capillary_a extremity_n frame_v gland_n and_o escape_v the_o sight_n of_o the_o naked_a eye_n fig._n 9_o this_o be_v not_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o bidloo_n but_o i_o suppose_v it_o represent_v part_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n of_o the_o umbilical_a rope_n free_v from_o their_o membrane_n and_o not_o inject_v with_o wax_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o two_o artery_n and_o vein_n appear_v flaccid_n the_o sixty-second_a table_n the_o abdomen_fw-la of_o a_o female_a foetus_fw-la seven_o month_n after_o conception_n open_v to_o show_v the_o progress_n of_o the_o umbilical_a vessel_n towards_o its_o navel_n a_o the_o umbilical_a rope_n suspend_v c_o c_o the_o common_a and_o proper_a integument_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la turn_v aside_o e_o g_o the_o umbilical_a vein_n enter_v the_o liver_n at_o a_o fissure_n near_o the_o middle_a of_o its_o low_a part_n whence_o the_o ligamentum_fw-la suspensorium_n hepatis_n may_v be_v here_o see_v continue_v to_o the_o ensiformal_a cartilege_n and_o diaphragm_n f_o the_o liver_n which_o in_o proportion_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o viscera_n in_o a_o foetus_fw-la be_v very_o large_a extend_v itself_o to_o both_o hypochondria_n the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o liver_n in_o a_o foetus_fw-la rather_o proceed_v from_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o blood_n carry_v into_o it_o by_o the_o vena_fw-la umbilicalis_fw-la than_o any_o proper_a office_n it_o then_o execute_v this_o disproportion_n of_o the_o liver_n do_v not_o remit_v in_o a_o infant_n but_o seem_v to_o continue_v in_o some_o measure_n till_o they_o be_v four_o or_o five_o year_n old_a hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o intestine_n of_o infant_n and_o child_n be_v supply_v with_o more_o gall_n than_o those_o of_o ripe_a year_n and_o be_v therefore_o incident_a to_o be_v grip_v much_o in_o the_o low_a belly_n and_o attend_v with_o a_o diarrhoea_n nor_o do_v i_o in_o this_o conceive_v nature_n have_v any_o way_n commit_v a_o mistake_n for_o sure_a it_o be_v very_o necessary_a some_o notable_a discharge_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v of_o the_o serosity_n in_o child_n whilst_o their_o limb_n be_v not_o able_a to_o perform_v those_o exercise_n which_o promote_v perspiration_n and_o the_o like_a the_o blood_n import_v into_o the_o liver_n by_o the_o umbilical_a vein_n meet_v with_o a_o contrary_a current_n of_o blood_n in_o the_o vena_fw-la porta_n as_o it_o pass_v the_o sinus_n to_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la whereby_o some_o of_o the_o capillary_a vessel_n about_o the_o liver_n or_o umbilical_a vein_n be_v frequent_o break_v and_o the_o blood_n be_v discharge_v into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la in_o a_o abortive_a humane_a foetus_fw-la after_o seven_o month_n conception_n i_o find_v the_o abdomen_fw-la without_o any_o integument_n it_o be_v viscera_n be_v expose_v as_o in_o this_o figure_n nor_o can_v i_o find_v so_o much_o as_o any_o part_n of_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la that_o have_v cover_v they_o which_o i_o suspect_v may_v have_v be_v break_v the_o left_a kidney_n also_o be_v expose_v to_o view_n beside_o this_o the_o top_n of_o the_o skull_n be_v want_v and_o instead_o of_o it_o a_o membrane_n distend_v with_o grumou_n blood_n very_o little_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n appear_v on_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o skull_n but_o it_o be_v chief_o contain_v in_o the_o specus_fw-la of_o the_o vertebra_n of_o the_o neck_n the_o left_a eye_n and_o ear_n be_v want_v as_o well_o as_o the_o nose_n a_o ligament_n of_o about_o a_o inch_n in_o length_n fasten_v the_o great_a toe_n of_o the_o right_a foot_n to_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o upper_a jaw_n the_o left_a arm_n be_v want_v and_o instead_o of_o it_o something_o like_o a_o hand_n be_v frame_v seem_v to_o have_v a_o thumb_n and_o forefinger_n this_o be_v tie_v by_o two_o ligament_n the_o one_o spring_v from_o the_o carpus_n be_v short_a and_o fasten_v it_o to_o the_o scapula_n the_o other_o ligament_n be_v long_o and_o arise_v between_o those_o part_n which_o represent_v a_o finger_n and_o thumb_n be_v six_o to_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o skull_n on_o the_o same_o side_n upon_o open_v the_o thorax_n i_o find_v the_o cone_n of_o the_o heart_n point_v upward_o its_o basis_n towards_o the_o diaphragm_n and_o both_o extremity_n of_o the_o bastard_n rib_n of_o the_o left_a side_n rest_v on_o their_o vertebra_n g_o g_o the_o two_o umbilical_a artery_n arise_v from_o the_o two_o internal_a iliack_a branch_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la and_o pass_v on_o both_o side_n the_o bladder_n of_o urine_n to_o the_o umbilical_a rope_n h_o the_o bladder_n of_o urine_n ay_o the_o vrachus_fw-la where_o it_o be_v visible_o pervious_a the_o ligamentum_fw-la suspensorium_n hepatis_n be_v here_o well_o express_v between_o the_o umbilical_a vein_n and_o enfiformal_a cartilege_n and_o the_o small_a gut_n in_o their_o natural_a situation_n be_v also_o represent_v the_o sixty-third_a table_n represent_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la and_o thorax_n open_v of_o the_o same_o female_a foetus_fw-la express_v in_o the_o precede_a table_n a_o the_o umbilical_a rope_n suspend_v b_o the_o umbilical_a vein_n c_o its_o insertion_n into_o the_o liver_n d_o d_o the_o two_o umbilical_a artery_n arise_v from_o the_o two_o internal_a iliack_a branch_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la vid._n app._n fig._n 3.56.56_o e_o e_o the_o external_n iliack_a branch_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n by_o our_o author_n say_v to_o be_v internal_a which_o in_o this_o view_n of_o the_o part_n do_v not_o appear_v f_o g_o the_o urachus_n h_o the_o umbilicus_fw-la cut_v from_o the_o common_a integument_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la ay_o the_o head_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la which_o in_o proportion_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n be_v much_o large_a than_o in_o the_o adult_n see_v the_o description_n at_o tab._n 1._o k_o the_o mammae_fw-la which_o in_o a_o foetus_fw-la of_o both_o sex_n contain_v a_o serous_a liquor_n l_o the_o thorax_n open_v m_o m_o the_o abdomen_fw-la in_o like_a manner_n open_v n_o the_o thymus_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o part_n be_v very_o large_a in_o a_o foetus_fw-la and_o gradual_o lessen_v in_o the_o adult_n see_v tab._n 21._o o_o the_o heart_n which_o in_o regard_n to_o the_o other_o viscera_n be_v very_o large_a p_o the_o lung_n on_o the_o right_a side_n q_o q_n the_o kidney_n which_o appear_v conglomerate_v and_o be_v somewhat_o large_a r_o r_o the_o gland_n of_o the_o kidney_n or_o capsulae_fw-la atrabilares_fw-la be_v also_o large_a and_o be_v here_o remove_v from_o their_o proper_a situation_n they_o not_o only_o border_v on_o the_o kidney_n as_o in_o the_o adult_n but_o lie_v upon_o they_o embrace_v their_o upper_a part_n in_o this_o figure_n they_o seem_v to_o be_v remove_v from_o their_o proper_a situation_n s_o s_o the_o ureter_n which_o be_v also_o large_a and_o unequal_a t_o the_o bladder_n extend_v with_o urine_n v._o the_o falloppian_n tube_n somewhat_o long_o and_o very_o large_a in_o proportion_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o part_n w_o the_o ovaria_n be_v also_o large_a and_o tumid_a x_o the_o fundus_fw-la uteri_fw-la somewhat_o raise_v by_o the_o suspension_n of_o the_o bladder_n of_o urine_n a_o the_o round_a ligament_n of_o the_o vterus_fw-la of_o the_o left_a side_n b_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la where_o the_o emulgent_a artery_n pass_v to_o the_o kidney_n c_o the_o ascend_v trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la cut_v off_o d_o d_o the_o diaphragma_n divide_v e_o the_o spleen_n in_o situ_fw-la the_o stomach_n and_o intestine_n be_v here_o lay_v aside_o f_o the_o sternum_n raise_v together_o with_o the_o cartilaginous_a end_n of_o the_o rib_n where_o the_o mammary_n vessel_n on_o both_o side_n be_v express_v fig._n 2._o a_o the_o bladder_n of_o urine_n of_o a_o foetus_fw-la b_o its_o ureter_n fill_v with_o wax_n c_o d_o d_o the_o umbilical_a vein_n and_o two_o artery_n according_a to_o bidloo_n which_o we_o can_v think_v to_o be_v well_o express_v e_o the_o descend_v trunk_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la f_o its_o bifurcation_n g_o g_o it_o be_v two_o internal_a iliack_a artery_n whence_o the_o umbilical_a artery_n arise_v the_o sixty-fourth_a table_n the_o professor_n bidloo_n in_o imitation_n of_o steno_n and_o bourdon_n here_o add_v geometrical_a figure_n of_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o tendon_n and_o fleshly_a fibre_n of_o divers_a muscle_n first_o of_o a_o single_a fiber_n fig._n 1._o a_o the_o fleshy_a part_n of_o the_o fiber_n of_o a_o muscle_n b_o c_o b_o c_o its_o two_o tendinous_a extreme_n make_v obtuse_a angle_n with_o the_o fleshy_a part._n fig._n 2._o many_o of_o the_o fibre_n represent_v in_o the_o first_o figure_n