notwithstanding_o the_o child_n do_v natural_o owe_v reverence_n can_v not_o by_o her_o descent_n make_v the_o marriage_n void_a no_o nor_o the_o father_n of_o a_o freeman_n and_o if_o the_o father_n himself_o be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o his_o own_o father_n than_o the_o consent_n of_o both_o father_n and_o grandfather_n be_v require_v to_o the_o son_n marriage_n but_o to_o the_o marriage_n of_o a_o daughter_n the_o grandfather_n consent_n alone_o suffice_v which_o difference_n be_v altogether_o unknown_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v evident_o prove_v that_o they_o arise_v not_o from_o the_o natural_a but_o from_o the_o civil_a law_n we_o find_v in_o sacred_a story_n that_o many_o holy_a man_n and_o much_o more_o ult_n virgin_n not_o to_o choose_v husband_n for_o themselves_o 1_o cor._n 7.36_o lib._n 1._o de_fw-fr abrah_n c._n ult_n woman_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o modesty_n and_o bashfulness_n ought_v especial_o in_o this_o case_n to_o be_v govern_v by_o other_o have_v in_o contract_a marriage_n submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o authority_n of_o their_o parent_n non_fw-la est_fw-la virginalis_fw-la pudoris_fw-la eligere_fw-la maritum_fw-la it_o become_v not_o a_o virgin_n modesty_n say_v ambrose_n 2._o ambrose_n grat._n c._n 32._o q._n 2._o to_o choose_v a_o husband_n for_o herself_o and_o yet_o be_v not_o esau_n marriage_n declare_v null_a nor_o his_o child_n hold_v as_o illegitimate_a because_o in_o his_o marriage_n he_o have_v not_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o parent_n it_o be_v true_a that_o as_o to_o daughter_n the_o chief_a power_n of_o dispose_v they_o be_v in_o the_o father_n so_o in_o euripides_n hermione_n my_o nuptial_a i_o to_o parent_n care_v alone_o commit_v for_o free_a choice_n therein_o have_v i_o none_o but_o as_o to_o son_n if_o we_o respect_v strict_a and_o natural_a right_n that_o of_o quintilian_n will_v be_v find_v true_a that_o if_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o a_o son_n at_o any_o time_n to_o do_v thing_n otherwise_o unreprovable_a without_o yea_o against_o his_o father_n will_n sure_o that_o liberty_n be_v never_o more_o justifiable_a than_o in_o marriage_n for_o as_o cassiodore_n true_o observe_v durum_fw-la est_fw-la libertatem_fw-la liberam_fw-la non_fw-la habere_fw-la in_o matrimonio_fw-la 4._o lib._n 7._o c._n 4._o unde_fw-la liberi_fw-la procreantur_fw-la to_o be_v debar_v of_o our_o free_a choice_n in_o matrimony_n from_o whence_o our_o child_n shall_v be_v bear_v be_v hard_o 5._o ter._n andr._n act._n 1._o sc_fw-la 5._o nothing_o be_v more_o plain_a than_o that_o a_o son_n in_o his_o marriage_n shall_v please_v himself_o xi_o it_o be_v a_o void_a marriage_n that_o be_v contract_v with_o another_o wife_n or_o husband_n that_o marriage_n that_o be_v contract_v with_o another_o man_n wife_n be_v doubtless_o null_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n unless_o her_o former_a husband_n have_v dismiss_v she_o for_o so_o long_o do_v his_o power_n last_o over_o she_o which_o by_o the_o evangelical_n law_n be_v not_o dissolve_v but_o by_o death_n the_o latter_a marriage_n therefore_o be_v null_a for_o want_v of_o a_o moral_a power_n in_o the_o woman_n to_o dispose_v of_o herself_o which_o be_v lose_v by_o her_o former_a marriage_n do_v vitiate_v all_o those_o subsequent_a effect_n that_o attend_v it_o because_o every_o act_n be_v but_o the_o invade_v of_o another_o right_n so_o likewise_o on_o the_o other_o side_n by_o the_o same_o law_n a_o marriage_n contract_v with_o the_o husband_n of_o another_o woman_n be_v alike_o void_a by_o reason_n of_o that_o power_n that_o christ_n give_v a_o chaste_a wife_n over_o the_o body_n of_o her_o husband_n xii_o of_o marriage_n between_o kindred_n concern_v marriage_n between_o such_o as_o be_v near_o ally_v or_o of_o the_o same_o blood_n many_o difficult_a question_n arise_v which_o be_v often_o with_o much_o zeal_n and_o animosity_n agitate_a on_o both_o side_n because_o he_o that_o shall_v undertake_v to_o assign_v certain_a and_o natural_a reason_n why_o these_o marriage_n that_o be_v by_o law_n or_o custom_n thus_o forbid_v be_v unlawful_a shall_v experimental_o find_v how_o hard_o nay_o how_o impossible_a it_o be_v to_o effect_v it_o that_o allege_v by_o plutarch_n in_o his_o roman_a question_n by_o st._n augustine_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr civitate_fw-la dei_fw-la by_o philo_n in_o his_o special_a law_n and_o by_o st._n chrysostome_n on_o 1_o cor._n 13.13_o as_o the_o contract_n of_o new_a friend_n and_o the_o strengthen_n ourselves_o with_o new_a alliance_n savour_v more_o of_o policy_n than_o true_a piety_n nor_o be_v they_o of_o that_o force_n and_o energy_n as_o to_o conclude_v the_o contrary_a act_n to_o be_v either_o unlawful_a or_o void_a whereunto_o may_v be_v add_v that_o some_o case_n there_o may_v be_v wherein_o such_o prohibit_v marriage_n may_v be_v more_o profitable_a and_o politic_a than_o other_o politic_a the_o marriage_n of_o kindred_n sometime_o profitable_a and_o politic_a as_o may_v be_v collect_v not_o only_o from_o that_o which_o god_n himself_o in_o his_o law_n give_v to_o the_o jew_n except_v of_o raise_v seed_n to_o a_o decease_a brother_n have_v no_o issue_n but_o from_o that_o also_o of_o a_o virgin_n leave_v by_o her_o father_n as_o sole_a heir_n of_o all_o his_o estate_n who_o by_o the_o grecian_a and_o hebrew_n law_n be_v to_o be_v marry_v to_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n to_o preserve_v the_o name_n and_o estate_n in_o their_o own_o tribe_n and_o family_n and_o from_o many_o such_o like_a case_n which_o do_v or_o may_v occur_v but_o yet_o from_o this_o general_a rule_n why_o incestuous_a marriage_n forbid_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o why_o we_o must_v except_v the_o marriage_n of_o parent_n with_o their_o child_n in_o what_o degree_n soever_o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v sufficient_o evident_a for_o neither_o can_v the_o husband_n who_o by_o the_o law_n of_o matrimony_n be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o wife_n pay_v that_o respect_n and_o reverence_n that_o nature_n bind_v he_o to_o give_v to_o his_o mother_n nor_o the_o daughter_n to_o her_o father_n for_o though_o she_o be_v subordinate_a to_o her_o husband_n by_o matrimonial_a right_n yet_o do_v her_o marriage_n allow_v she_o so_o great_a a_o familiarity_n with_o her_o husband_n as_o be_v altogether_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o child_n paulus_n the_o lawyer_n be_v in_o the_o right_n when_o have_v saâ—d_v before_o that_o in_o contract_a marriage_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o modesty_n be_v chief_o to_o be_v regard_v he_o add_v that_o it_o be_v against_o modesty_n for_o a_o man_n to_o take_v his_o own_o daughter_n to_o be_v his_o wife_n and_o philo_n in_o his_o special_a law_n condemn_v it_o as_o a_o execrable_a wickedness_n to_o pollute_v the_o bed_n of_o his_o decease_a father_n which_o as_o a_o thing_n sacred_a ought_v not_o to_o be_v touch_v and_o without_o regard_n to_o either_o the_o age_n or_o the_o reverence_n of_o a_o mother_n name_n to_o make_v himself_o both_o son_n and_o husband_n to_o the_o same_o woman_n and_o to_o make_v she_o both_o mother_n and_o wife_n to_o the_o same_o man._n wherefore_o such_o marriage_n be_v doubtless_o not_o illegal_a only_o but_o void_a by_o reason_n of_o something_o that_o be_v vicious_a which_o perpetual_o cleave_v to_o the_o effect_n of_o it_o neither_o be_v that_o argument_n of_o diogenes_n and_o chrysippus_n which_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o practice_n of_o cock_n and_o such_o like_a dumb_a creature_n sufficient_a to_o prove_v that_o such_o commixture_n be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n jâ—â—it_fw-la that_o be_v unlawful_a which_o be_v repugnant_a to_o humane_a nature_n lib._n 2._o contr._n jâ—â—it_fw-la for_o as_o i_o have_v already_o say_v it_o be_v enough_o to_o conclude_v any_o thing_n unlawful_a that_o it_o be_v repugnant_a though_o but_o to_o humane_a nature_n this_o be_v that_o incest_n which_o the_o lawyer_n paulus_n and_o papinian_n write_v to_o be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n commit_v between_o the_o degree_n ascendent_a and_o descendent_a and_o this_o be_v that_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o as_o xenophon_n note_n be_v no_o less_o a_o law_n because_o it_o be_v contemn_v by_o the_o persian_n mede_n indian_n and_o aethiopian_n for_o which_o they_o be_v punish_v with_o perpetual_a war_n parricide_n fratricide_n as_o philo_n first_o and_o after_o he_o st._n hierome_n observe_v for_o as_o michael_n ephesius_n well_o interpret_v it_o that_o be_v natural_a which_o be_v of_o common_a use_n among_o such_o nation_n as_o be_v uncorrupted_a and_o that_o live_v most_o agreeable_a unto_o nature_n and_o therefore_o hippodamus_n the_o pythagorean_n call_v these_o incestuous_a commixture_n inordinate_a and_o unnatural_a lust_n unbridled_a passion_n and_o abominable_a pleasure_n such_o be_v those_o of_o the_o parthian_n whereof_o lucan_n thus_o complain_v epulis_fw-la vesana_fw-la meroque_fw-la regius_fw-la non_fw-la ullos_fw-la exceptos_fw-la legibus_fw-la horret_fw-la concubitus_fw-la with_o
be_v ibid._n malefactor_n to_o be_v either_o punish_v deliver_v or_o banish_a page_n 398_o major_a part_n have_v the_o power_n of_o the_o whole_a page_n 40_o man_n make_v to_o do_v good_a pref._n four_o greedy_a of_o society_n iii._o eminent_o just_a a_o magistrate_n bear_v 369._o only_a capable_a of_o knowledge_n by_o general_a rule_n four_o bear_v naked_a other_o arm_v v._o all_o of_o one_o stock_n page_n seven_o man_n use_v man_n as_o instrument_n page_v 471_o merchant_n and_o artificer_n to_o be_v spare_v in_o war_n page_n 506_o in_o market_n nothing_o to_o be_v speak_v but_o truth_n page_n 441_o marriage_n what_o lawful_a 106._o the_o consent_n of_o parent_n not_o necessary_a ibid._n of_o cousin_n german_n pref._n iii._o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n what_o 105._o with_o another_o wife_n void_a 107._o dissolve_v by_o captivity_n nor_o to_o be_v restore_v by_o postliminy_n 490._o under_o the_o law_n not_o undissolvable_a page_n 105_o in_o marriage_n the_o obligation_n be_v mutable_a ibid._n marriage_n though_o forbid_a to_o be_v make_v yet_o be_v make_v be_v not_o thereby_o null_v page_n 111_o 112_o matrimony_n wherein_o different_a from_o wedlock_n ibid._n to_o contract_v a_o common_a right_n 86._o to_o deny_v to_o stranger_n injurious_a to_o humane_a nature_n ibid._n yet_o be_v deny_v no_o just_a ground_n of_o war_n page_n 179_o in_o reference_n to_o marriage_n thing_n give_v alter_v not_o the_o property_n if_o it_o succeed_v not_o page_n 192_o the_o end_n of_o marriage_n be_v to_o know_v who_o the_o child_n be_v page_n 124_o marriage_n what_o justifiable_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 106._o why_o and_o by_o what_o law_n or_o custom_n forbid_v between_o kindred_n be_v difficult_a to_o prove_v 107._o by_o the_o hebrew_n and_o grecian_a law_n in_o some_o case_n enjoin_v ibid._n in_o marriage_n more_o remote_a degree_n seem_v not_o forbid_v but_o among_o christian_n they_o be_v and_o why_o page_n 111_o marriage_n incestuous_a forbid_v by_o god_n to_o noah_n or_o adam_n page_n 109_o in_o marriage_n a_o son_n shall_v be_v leave_v to_o his_o own_o choice_n page_n 107_o marriage_n concubinary_a what_o 125._o some_o amount_v to_o true_a marriage_n and_o when_o page_n 106_o 107_o marriage_n second_o in_o brabant_n page_n 125_o marriage_n rite_n among_o christian_n page_n 105_o marriage_n not_o to_o be_v contract_v with_o profane_a person_n page_n 186_o in_o some_o marriage_n the_o child_n shall_v not_o inherit_v page_n 124_o 125_o marriage_n with_o divers_a woman_n of_o old_a lawful_a 106._o between_o brother_n and_o sister_n by_o what_o law_n forbid_v and_o whence_o unlawful_a page_n 108_o marriage_n to_o contract_n to_o who_o and_o how_o far_o forth_o a_o liberty_n due_a page_n 86_o the_o measure_n whereby_o thing_n be_v natural_o value_v be_v their_o want_n page_n 161_o member_n to_o preserve_v it_o be_v lawful_a to_o kill_v page_n 72_o memory_n of_o wrong_n do_v not_o to_o outlive_v they_o that_o do_v they_o page_n 400_o mercy_n in_o punish_v and_o cruelty_n in_o spare_v 3_o mitigate_a punishment_n as_o well_o as_o in_o their_o remission_n page_n 372_o mercy_n judgement_n and_o righteousness_n how_o distinguish_v by_o the_o hebrew_n page_n 177_o to_o be_v merciful_a bring_v great_a advantage_n to_o a_o conqueror_n page_n 516_o may_v with_o right_n do_v wonder_n pref._n ix_o mildness_n of_o the_o father_n towards_o heretic_n page_n 391_o 392_o military_a discipline_n dear_a to_o the_o roman_n than_o their_o child_n page_n 491_o military_a oath_n page_n 28_o military_a act_n and_o order_n some_o repugnant_a to_o christianity_n page_n 26_o minor_n whether_o bind_v by_o their_o promise_n page_n 152_o minor_a part_n not_o guilty_a if_o over-voted_n by_o the_o major_a page_n 399_o minos_n why_o hate_v pref._n x_o mischance_n mischief_n fault_n how_o distinguish_v page_n 500_o mix_v government_n gain_v by_o war_n page_n 486_o modesty_n sometime_o forbid_v what_o law_n permit_v page_n 494_o moderation_n as_o to_o the_o acquisition_n of_o empire_n 524_o 525._o in_o kill_a man_n 497_o 498._o in_o spoil_v thing_n useless_a in_o war_n page_n 516_o the_o moderation_n of_o scipio_n the_o african_a 481._o of_o antiochus_n page_n 100_o monogamy_n whether_o command_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o by_o the_o evangelical_n law_n only_o 105._o commend_v in_o the_o creation_n but_o polygamy_n not_o condemn_v page_n 106_o monopoly_n not_o all_o condemn_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n page_n 161_o to_o monopolise_v all_o the_o fruit_n of_o a_o nation_n which_o be_v not_o elsewhere_o to_o be_v find_v whether_o lawful_a page_n 87_o money_n whence_o it_o receive_v its_o value_n page_n 162_o moral_a duty_n more_o strict_o require_v by_o christ_n than_o moses_n page_n 10_o moses_n law_n pattern_n for_o christian_n unless_o in_o some_o case_n ibid._n mother_n bound_n to_o nourish_v their_o child_n that_o have_v no_o certain_a father_n page_n 123_o movable_n not_o capable_a of_o reception_n by_o postliminy_n page_n 492_o mountain_n dig_v through_o to_o let_v in_o the_o sea_n page_n 90_o multitude_n to_o be_v spare_v page_n 509_o murderer_n to_o be_v make_v use_n of_o against_o enemy_n whether_o lawful_a 463._o see_v homicide_n mutius_n scaevola_n commend_v ibid._n mutual_a subjection_n of_o king_n and_o people_n refute_v page_n 41_o n._n nabide_v his_o controversy_n with_o the_o roman_n page_n 196_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d what_o and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d what_o 174._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d what_o ibid._n naucum_fw-la what_o ibid._n name_n of_o country_n how_o to_o be_v understand_v page_n 547_o nation_n may_v be_v equal_a in_o liberty_n though_o not_o in_o dignity_n page_n 49_o nature_n first_o principle_n and_o what_o be_v consequent_a to_o they_o what_o page_n 11_o 12_o nature_n sometime_o take_v for_o custom_n page_n 163_o 164_o nature_n indulge_v many_o thing_n which_o the_o consent_n of_o nation_n approve_v not_o page_n 90_o 91_o natural_a instinct_n common_a to_o man_n with_o beast_n make_v no_o distinct_a law_n page_n 7_o the_o nature_n of_o any_o thing_n be_v know_v by_o that_o which_o be_v sound_a and_o perfect_a not_o from_o that_o which_o be_v corrupt_v page_n 108_o natural_a issue_n difference_v from_o that_o which_o be_v legitimate_a 124_o 125._o they_o may_v succeed_v their_o father_n unless_o some_o law_n hinder_v it_o ibid._n they_o may_v be_v adopt_v ibid._n not_o capable_a of_o that_o empire_n that_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o people_n page_n 125_o natural_a some_o thing_n may_v be_v not_o simple_o but_o during_o such_o a_o condition_n as_o they_o be_v first_o in_o as_o deer_n fish_n page_n 135_o not_o every_o thing_n that_o be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n lawful_a be_v so_o by_o god_n law_n page_n 74_o navigation_n a_o great_a help_n to_o humane_a society_n 84._o in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n prohibit_v 94._o but_o this_o be_v by_o consent_n take_v not_o away_o the_o freedom_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o to_o navigation_n ibid._n naval_a society_n page_n 163_o 164_o necessary_n to_o buy_v a_o common_a right_n unless_o they_o from_o who_o such_o thing_n be_v require_v do_v stand_v in_o need_n of_o they_o page_n 86_o necessity_n know_v no_o law_n but_o that_o of_o nature_n 81_o 82_o 119._o it_o make_v what_o be_v proper_o we_o common_a 81._o yet_o under_o the_o condition_n of_o restore_v if_o able_a 82._o yet_o if_o that_o necessity_n be_v avoidable_a it_o justify_v not_o ibid._n or_o if_o there_o be_v a_o like_a necessity_n in_o the_o right_a owner_n ibid._n if_o it_o justify_v not_o yet_o it_o extenuate_v page_n 501_o necessary_n to_o a_o lawful_a end_n be_v lawful_a page_n 434_o necessity_n what_o right_o it_o give_v to_o neuter_n page_n 531_o through_o necessity_n what_o be_v do_v break_v not_o the_o peace_n page_n 550_o neglect_v of_o punish_v punishable_a page_n 393_o neighbour_n who_o by_o the_o hebrew_n law_n and_o who_o by_o the_o gospel_n page_n 23_o neighbour_n power_n to_o diminish_v no_o cause_n of_o war_n page_n 76_o 77_o nephew_n from_o the_o first_o son_n prefer_v before_o the_o second_o son_n page_n 132_o whether_o the_o young_a nephew_n from_o the_o son_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o elder_n from_o the_o daughter_n page_n 133_o to_o nephew_n be_v due_a aliment_n page_n 122_o 123_o neuter_n in_o war_n their_o duty_n 533._o nothing_o to_o be_v take_v from_o they_o without_o full_a satisfaction_n page_n 531_o ninus_n the_o first_o that_o make_v war_n to_o enlarge_v empire_n page_n 485_o 524_o nocent_o some_o to_o be_v spare_v for_o many_o innocent_n 434_o 504._o to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o innocent_a page_n 363_o nocent_a he_o be_v not_o that_o punish_v nocent_o page_n 362_o o._n oath_n sacred_a among_o heathen_n 166._o may_v differ_v in_o form_n not_o in_o substance_n 171._o require_v great_a deliberation_n 167._o and_o great_a reverence_n 175._o so_o to_o
representative_a succession_n admit_v by_o the_o hebrew_n 124._o when_o in_o doubt_n to_o be_v allow_v of_o ibid._n but_o late_o admit_v among_o the_o german_n ibid._n reprizal_n what_o 448._o the_o sea-law_n concern_v they_o 435_o 436._o their_o right_o reach_v not_o to_o the_o life_n of_o such_o as_o be_v innocent_a 448._o they_o may_v be_v take_v when_o no_o war_n be_v denounce_v page_n 447_o when_o the_o right_a of_o reprizal_n pass_v to_o they_o that_o take_v they_o page_n 449_o concern_v reprisal_n their_o difference_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o what_o person_n and_o good_n be_v exempt_v page_n 450_o thing_n take_v without_o the_o territory_n of_o either_o party_n whether_o lawful_a prize_n page_n 480_o res_fw-la rapere_fw-la res_fw-la reddere_fw-la what_o page_n 456_o request_v of_o a_o superior_a in_o a_o league_n equivalent_a to_o a_o command_n page_n 51_o to_o require_v thing_n what_o it_o signify_v page_n 453_o require_v what_o be_v before_o war_n be_v denounce_v page_n 452_o resistance_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n whether_o in_o extreme_a necessity_n lawful_a 54_o 55._o disallow_v by_o the_o primitive_a christian_n even_o to_o persecute_v emperor_n 57_o 58._o unlawful_a by_o the_o gospel_n 55._o the_o opinion_n of_o barklay_n concern_v it_o 63._o in_o what_o case_n lawful_a 59_o 60_o justifiable_a by_o inevitable_a necessity_n by_o the_o example_n of_o david_n and_o the_o maccabee_n 60._o natural_o lawful_a civil_o not_o 53._o and_o why_o page_n 54_o obstinate_a resistance_n justify_v not_o the_o kill_n of_o man_n internal_o page_v 508_o resistance_n in_o some_o case_n may_v be_v reserve_v in_o the_o translation_n of_o kingdom_n page_n 60_o to_o restitution_n who_o be_v oblige_v either_o by_o do_v or_o not_o do_v page_n 201_o restitution_n arise_v from_o dominion_n page_n 146_o no_o restitution_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v another_o if_o in_o case_n they_o perish_v if_o in_o case_n we_o use_v they_o think_v they_o our_o own_o 148._o yet_o be_v we_o bind_v restore_v the_o profit_n if_o any_o be_v ibid._n restitution_n must_v be_v make_v of_o the_o thing_n and_o profit_n 147._o necessary_a to_o repentance_n 495._o it_o must_v be_v make_v to_o the_o right_a owner_n 147._o not_o due_a in_o some_o case_n page_n 149_o restitution_n intend_v justify_v not_o rapine_n unless_o in_o a_o case_n of_o absolute_a necessity_n page_n 149_o thing_n buy_v or_o deposit_v may_v be_v restore_v to_o their_o right_a owner_n page_n 149_o restitution_n of_o thing_n take_v in_o a_o unjust_a war_n 528._o what_o may_v be_v deduct_v 529._o it_o must_v be_v to_o the_o full_a page_n 496_o no_o restitution_n of_o place_n or_o person_n free_o surrender_v unless_o so_o express_v page_n 546_o of_o restore_a thing_n after_o war_n some_o caution_n page_n 547_o no_o restitution_n in_o a_o just_a war_n sometime_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o evil_a intention_n in_o its_o prosecution_n page_n 331_o restitution_n where_o the_o câ—â—se_n of_o war_n be_v doubtful_a how_o to_o be_v moderate_v page_n 530_o restitution_n of_o thing_n take_v from_o the_o enemy_n who_o hold_v they_o unjust_o page_v 451_o 452_o to_o restitution_n who_o be_v whole_o and_o who_o in_o part_n bind_v page_n 202_o retaliation_n not_o to_o extend_v beyond_o the_o person_n offend_v 461_o 539._o agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n 367._o tolerate_v under_o the_o law_n to_o avoid_v great_a mischief_n 371._o not_o to_o be_v exact_v by_o christian_n ibid._n in_o what_o sense_n require_v by_o the_o hebrew_n its_o use_n both_o among_o hebrew_n and_o roman_n ibid._n retreat_z sounding_z to_o kill_v a_o enemy_n be_v homicide_n page_n 534_o return_v to_o the_o enemy_n who_o may_v be_v say_v page_n 531_o revenge_n by_o retaliation_n natural_o lawful_a page_n 366_o 367_o revenge_n whether_o agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 364._o whether_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n lawful_a 366._o whether_o permit_v to_o christian_n how_o restrain_v 369_o 370_o it_o differ_v not_o from_o injury_n but_o in_o order_n only_o 364._o take_v with_o delight_n unnatural_a 370._o in_o that_o it_o mitigate_v grief_n whence_o it_o proceed_v page_n 364_o to_o revenge_n his_o own_o quarrel_n every_o man_n have_v a_o right_n natural_o 66._o why_o now_o commit_v to_o magistrate_n 370._o not_o to_o go_v beyond_o the_o person_n that_o injure_v we_o page_n 400_o reward_n for_o labour_n how_o increase_v or_o diminish_v 162._o to_o who_o due_a if_o two_o at_o once_o fulfil_v the_o condition_n page_n 196_o the_o reward_n promise_v to_o thamar_n due_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n not_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n page_n 154_o a_o reward_n demand_v by_o a_o soldier_n for_o kill_v his_o own_o brother_n in_o the_o head_n of_o his_o enemy_n troop_n page_v 458_o right_a in_o war_n what_o 2._o take_v for_o a_o moral_a qualification_n of_o a_o person_n divide_v ibid._n for_o aptitude_n or_o fitness_n 3._o take_v for_o a_o rule_n or_o law_n 4_o divide_v into_o natural_a and_o voluntary_a ibid._n right_o reason_n a_o rule_n infallible_a ibid._n right_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n distinguish_v from_o that_o which_o have_v some_o effect_n of_o right_a pref._n xv_o right_o of_o government_n distinguish_v from_o the_o ill_a management_n of_o civil_a affair_n page_n 41_o right_o distinguish_v from_o just_a 54._o right_o extreme_a sometime_o extreme_a wrong_a ibid._n what_o right_o of_o king_n it_o be_v that_o samuel_n describe_v page_n 54_o what_o right_o a_o lord_n have_v over_o his_o slave_n 115._o whether_o it_o extend_v to_o death_n 116._o over_o the_o child_n of_o his_o slave_n bear_v in_o his_o house_n ibid._n a_o right_a a_o man_n may_v have_v to_o that_o take_v from_o another_o page_n 122_o right_o acquire_v by_o law_n 121._o by_o the_o civil_a law_n none_o can_v right_v himself_o page_n 122_o right_a of_o a_o father_n over_o his_o child_n distinguish_v into_o natural_a and_o civil_a 104._o of_o a_o husband_n over_o his_o wife_n 104_o 105._o of_o society_n over_o their_o member_n page_n 114_o by_o the_o right_n of_o nation_n many_o thing_n claim_v that_o be_v not_o thereby_o due_a page_n 134_o the_o right_n of_o stranger_n not_o subject_a to_o the_o supereminent_a dominion_n of_o a_o king_n 178._o nor_o of_o a_o subject_a without_o cause_n ibid._n right_o better_a lose_v than_o contend_v for_o sometime_o 416_o 417._o not_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o full_a 434._o when_o say_v to_o be_v deny_v 448._o consider_v direct_o and_o indirect_o page_v 434_o a_o right_o none_o can_v give_v that_o have_v none_o 528._o incorporeal_a gain_v by_o war_n page_n 486_o the_o right_n of_o war_n make_v no_o distinction_n of_o age_n or_o sex_n page_n 459_o the_o right_n of_o the_o sword_n in_o history_n sacred_a and_o profane_a what_o page_n 17_o right_o distinguish_v from_o its_o exercise_n page_n 52_o the_o right_a supereminent_a of_o king_n and_o state_n whether_o it_o can_v free_v they_o from_o the_o breach_n of_o faith_n give_v to_o their_o subject_n page_n 539_o right_a external_a what_o 395._o how_o difference_v from_o internal_a page_n 453_o the_o right_n of_o king_n and_o state_n when_o by_o peace_n say_v to_o be_v remit_v page_n 547_o the_o right_n of_o nation_n concern_v inequality_n in_o contract_n page_n 164_o righteousness_n judgement_n and_o mercy_n how_o distinguish_v page_n 177_o river_n how_o hold_v in_o propriety_n 89._o the_o whole_a sometime_o belong_v to_o one_o territory_n and_o none_o to_o another_o 95._o as_o flow_a stream_n common_a 82._o but_o as_o the_o profit_n his_o that_o own_v the_o bank_n ibid._n change_v their_o course_n whether_o they_o change_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o territory_n page_n 94_o a_o river_n in_o what_o sense_n say_v to_o be_v always_o the_o same_o page_z 141_o etc._n etc._n rome_n once_o the_o common_a city_n 525._o regardless_a of_o captive_n or_o prisoner_n and_o why_o page_n 488_o the_o roman_n severe_a in_o their_o victory_n 503._o they_o ancient_o abstain_v from_o fraud_n in_o their_o war_n page_n 444_o etc._n etc._n the_o roman_a empire_n in_o who_o now_o 143._o found_v in_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n page_n 144_o the_o roman_n claim_v that_o to_o themselves_o which_o their_o enemy_n take_v from_o other_o page_n 471_o all_o the_o roman_a tribe_n disfranchize_v for_o ingratitude_n page_n 39_o roman_n dictator_n absolute_a though_o temporary_a page_n 43_o the_o roman_n choose_v their_o emperor_n when_o reside_v at_o constantinople_n page_n 144_o the_o roman_a empire_n not_o universal_a though_o sometime_o so_o call_v page_n 407_o the_o roman_n right_o over_o their_o child_n 104._o their_o custom_n concern_v land_n take_v in_o war_n 472._o concern_v the_o spoil_n 474_o 475._o captive_n redeem_v 491._o those_o that_o return_n by_o postliminy_n ibid._n concern_v thing_n take_v 518_o 519_o concern_v their_o captive_a king_n page_n 503_o rule_n guide_v
restore_n of_o that_o which_o we_o have_v detain_v together_o with_o the_o full_a profit_n we_o have_v make_v of_o it_o as_o also_o our_o obligation_n to_o perform_v our_o promise_n our_o satisfaction_n for_o damage_n do_v unto_o other_o through_o our_o default_n and_o the_o merit_n of_o punishment_n among_o man_n for_o justice_n be_v by_o porphyry_n thus_o describe_v ut_fw-la abstineretur_fw-la alienis_fw-la 3._o de_fw-fr non_fw-fr esu_fw-la l._n 3._o neque_fw-la noceatur_fw-la non_fw-la nocentibus_fw-la to_o abstain_v from_o what_o be_v another_o and_o not_o to_o harm_v they_o that_o be_v harmless_a from_o this_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n right_o large_o 2._o more_o large_o there_o flow_v another_o of_o a_o large_a extent_n for_o see_v that_o man_n above_o all_o other_o live_v body_n have_v not_o only_o such_o a_o laudable_a faculty_n as_o be_v describe_v but_o judgement_n also_o to_o discern_v as_o well_o what_o be_v pleasant_a and_o delightful_a as_o what_o be_v hurtful_a unto_o itself_o and_o that_o not_o only_o at_o present_a but_o for_o the_o future_a and_o what_o may_v lead_v unto_o either_o is_n be_v therefore_o agreeable_a most_o to_o humane_a nature_n according_a to_o the_o measure_n of_o humane_a understanding_n to_o be_v guide_v in_o those_o thing_n by_o a_o judgement_n right_o inform_v i_o mean_v such_o a_o judgement_n as_o be_v not_o mislead_v either_o by_o vain_a fear_n or_o by_o the_o sweetness_n of_o some_o instant_a pleasure_n nor_o yet_o violent_o carry_v away_o by_o any_o inconsiderate_a rashness_n for_o what_o be_v manifest_o repugnant_a unto_o such_o a_o judgement_n be_v also_o understand_v to_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o humane_a nature_n and_o hereunto_o also_o appertain_v that_o prudent_a dispensation_n in_o the_o distribution_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o proper_o belong_v to_o every_o person_n or_o society_n which_o sometime_o prefer_v the_o wise_a before_o the_o ignorant_a a_o neighbour_n before_o a_o stranger_n and_o sometime_o the_o poor_a before_o the_o rich_a so_o far_o forth_o as_o every_o man_n act_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n will_v bear_v which_o many_o of_o old_a reckon_v as_o a_o part_n of_o right_n proper_o and_o strict_o so_o call_v whereas_o notwithstanding_o that_o right_n proper_o so_o name_v may_v have_v a_o far_o different_a nature_n namely_o in_o this_o that_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v now_o one_o man_n may_v be_v permit_v to_o or_o accomplish_v by_o another_o law_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n now_o these_o thing_n which_o we_o have_v already_o say_v will_v hold_v true_a though_o we_o shall_v grant_v what_o without_o great_a wickedness_n we_o can_v that_o there_o be_v no_o god_n or_o that_o he_o take_v no_o care_n of_o humane_a affair_n but_o since_o we_o be_v instruct_v to_o the_o contrary_a partly_o by_o reason_n and_o partly_o by_o perpetual_a and_o universal_a tradition_n and_o be_v therein_o also_o confirm_v by_o so_o many_o irrefragable_a argugument_n and_o miracle_n attest_v by_o and_o through_o all_o age_n it_o now_o follow_v that_o we_o ought_v to_o obey_v god_n in_o all_o thing_n without_o exception_n as_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n and_o maker_n to_o who_o we_o owe_v both_o ourselves_o and_o all_o we_o have_v especial_o since_o he_o have_v many_o way_n show_v himself_o to_o be_v the_o best_a and_o most_o powerful_a of_o all_o being_n so_o that_o he_o be_v both_o most_o able_a and_o most_o willing_a to_o reward_v our_o obedience_n with_o the_o great_a reward_n even_o with_o such_o as_o be_v like_a unto_o himself_o eternal_a especial_o since_o he_o have_v confirm_v it_o and_o bind_v himself_o thereunto_o by_o his_o word_n and_o promise_n as_o we_o christian_n be_v so_o convince_v by_o infallible_a testimony_n do_v strong_o believe_v from_o whence_o spring_v up_o another_o law_n beside_o that_o which_o be_v natural_a namely_o from_o the_o free_a will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o god_n whereunto_o as_o our_o own_o understanding_n direct_v we_o we_o must_v be_v subject_a and_o therefore_o we_o may_v conclude_v with_o m._n antoninus_n 9_o lib._n 9_o qui_fw-fr injustè_fw-fr agit_fw-fr impius_fw-la est_fw-la he_o that_o be_v unjust_a be_v also_o impious_a god_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n in_o some_o sense_n the_o law_n of_o god_n but_o even_o that_o law_n of_o nature_n whereof_o we_o have_v already_o treat_v whether_o it_o be_v that_o which_o spring_v from_o society_n or_o that_o which_o be_v of_o a_o large_a extent_n although_o it_o flow_v from_o principle_n internal_a as_o to_o man_n yet_o may_v deserve_o be_v ascribe_v unto_o god_n because_o it_o be_v original_o his_o will_n that_o such_o principle_n shall_v be_v instill_v into_o we_o 3._o chrys_n de_fw-fr diis_fw-la lib._n 3._o so_o chrysostome_n understand_v it_o cum_fw-la naturam_fw-la dico_fw-la deum_fw-la dico_fw-la ipse_fw-la enim_fw-la naturae_fw-la artifex_n when_o i_o say_v nature_n i_o mean_v god_n who_o be_v the_o author_n of_o nature_n neither_o can_v we_o say_v chrysippus_n and_o the_o stoic_n derive_v justice_n from_o any_o other_o root_n than_o from_o jove_n himself_o from_o which_o word_n jove_n the_o latin_a word_n jus_n be_v very_o probable_o at_o first_o derive_v unless_o haply_o we_o have_v rather_o deduce_v it_o from_o jussum_fw-la by_o cut_v off_o the_o last_o syllable_n as_o of_o ossum_fw-la ancient_o be_v now_o make_v os._n moreover_o god_n by_o the_o express_a law_n that_o he_o have_v give_v we_o god_n and_o explain_v by_o the_o law_n give_v by_o god_n have_v make_v those_o very_a principle_n yet_o more_o conspicuous_a to_o they_o that_o be_v of_o weak_a understanding_n restrain_v the_o wander_a and_o otherwise_o exorbitant_a passion_n of_o those_o who_o consult_v their_o own_o or_o the_o safety_n of_o other_o by_o curb_v those_o that_o be_v most_o violent_a with_o a_o strong_a rein_n and_o keep_v they_o within_o his_o own_o bound_n both_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o manner_n and_o of_o the_o end_n beside_o stock_n all_o mankind_n of_o one_o stock_n even_o the_o very_a sacred_a history_n set_v aside_o what_o consist_v in_o precept_n do_v not_o a_o little_a provoke_v we_o to_o mutual_a love_n by_o teach_v we_o that_o we_o be_v all_o of_o we_o bear_v of_o the_o same_o first_o parent_n in_o which_o sense_n what_o florentinus_n say_v be_v every_o true_a that_o nature_n have_v constitute_v all_o mankind_n of_o one_o stock_n or_o kindred_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o for_o one_o man_n to_o betray_v or_o defraud_v another_o be_v impiety_n therefore_o our_o parent_n be_v as_o god_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d earthy_a god_n as_o hierocles_n call_v they_o conspicuous_a and_o visible_a god_n who_o do_v imitate_v the_o invisible_a and_o unbegotten_a god_n in_o give_v life_n unto_o other_o 9_o de_fw-fr leg._n 9_o and_o therefore_o plato_n call_v parent_n god_n image_n or_o representative_n to_o who_o we_o owe_v our_o reverence_n as_o to_o the_o god_n themselves_o say_v aristotle_n 11_o nic._n l._n 9_o c._n 11_o yet_o not_o such_o a_o obedience_n as_o be_v infinite_a and_o unlimited_a again_o arise_v the_o civil_a law_n from_o whence_o it_o arise_v see_v that_o it_o be_v a_o dictate_v of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o fulfil_v all_o covenant_n and_o agreement_n for_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v some_o mean_n of_o oblige_a man_n among_o themselves_o nor_o can_v there_o be_v any_o other_o mean_v find_v that_o be_v natural_a from_o this_o very_a spring_n flow_v all_o civil_a law_n for_o they_o that_o lift_v themselves_o into_o any_o society_n or_o otherwise_o subject_v themselves_o to_o any_o one_o man_n or_o to_o any_o society_n of_o man_n these_o have_v also_o either_o express_o promise_v or_o from_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o ought_v so_o to_o be_v understand_v as_o if_o they_o have_v tacit_o promise_v to_o observe_v and_o fulfil_v whatsoever_o the_o major_a part_n of_o that_o society_n or_o they_o unto_o who_o their_o power_n be_v transfer_v have_v constitute_v or_o ordain_v for_o the_o general_a good_a what_o therefore_o not_o carneades_n only_o profitable_a carneades_n confute_v who_o hold_v that_o all_o be_v lawful_a that_o be_v profitable_a but_o other_o also_o have_v say_v what_o be_v just_a and_o equal_a do_v from_o profit_n spring_n if_o speak_v proper_o be_v not_o true_a for_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v the_o product_n of_o humane_a nature_n itself_o which_o although_o we_o shall_v want_v nothing_o yet_o will_v of_o itself_o carry_v we_o to_o a_o desire_n of_o humane_a society_n the_o civil_a law_n than_o acknowledge_v no_o other_o mother_n than_o that_o very_a obligation_n which_o arise_v from_o consent_n which_o because_o it_o derive_v its_o authority_n from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n therefore_o may_v nature_n be_v say_v to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v grandmother_n to_o this_o law_n but_o even_o from_o the_o very_a law_n of_o nature_n there_o arise_v some_o profit_n for_o god_n who_o be_v
regard_v the_o worthiness_n of_o the_o person_n but_o the_o bare_a right_n of_o he_o that_o ought_v to_o receive_v it_o this_o young_a cyrus_n learn_v of_o his_o tutor_n in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v two_o boy_n that_o have_v two_o coat_n gill._n aulus_n gill._n both_o of_o different_a dimension_n the_o big_a boy_n have_v the_o lesser_a coat_n and_o the_o lesser_a boy_n have_v the_o big_a coat_n which_o the_o big_a boy_n take_v from_o he_o be_v fit_a for_o himself_o leave_v he_o the_o lesser_a coat_n which_o also_o be_v fit_a for_o he_o whereof_o cyrus_n be_v make_v judge_n mistake_n cyrus_n his_o mistake_n and_o regard_v more_o what_o be_v fit_a and_o convenient_a than_o what_o be_v just_a and_o right_o adjudge_v the_o great_a coat_n to_o the_o big_a boy_n and_o the_o little_a coat_n to_o the_o lesser_a boy_n but_o his_o tutor_n tell_v he_o that_o he_o have_v do_v amiss_o for_o have_v he_o be_v to_o judge_v what_o be_v fit_a he_o have_v do_v well_o but_o be_v to_o judge_v who_o 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be_v just_a because_o right_o in_o this_o sense_n do_v not_o belong_v to_o justice_n alone_o such_o i_o mean_v as_o we_o have_v heretofore_o explain_v but_o unto_o the_o matter_n of_o other_o virtue_n honest_a for_o many_o thing_n may_v be_v just_o according_a to_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o law_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v not_o right_o neither_o be_v it_o possible_a that_o any_o lawgiver_n shall_v foresee_v all_o the_o defect_n of_o his_o own_o law_n so_o that_o that_o which_o be_v a_o agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n strict_o take_v may_v sâ—em_v just_a be_v not_o so_o safe_a a_o rule_n to_o walk_v by_o as_o that_o which_o be_v just_a in_o this_o large_a sense_n that_o be_v righteous_a and_o honest_a a_o example_n whereof_o we_o have_v in_o that_o law_n make_v by_o zeleucus_n who_o ordain_v a_o punishment_n to_o be_v inflict_v upon_o he_o who_o contrary_a to_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o physician_n presume_v to_o drink_v wine_n and_o therefore_o that_o right_n which_o this_o rule_n guide_v we_o unto_o must_v needs_o be_v of_o a_o large_a signification_n than_o that_o which_o be_v simple_o just_a of_o this_o right_n so_o take_v the_o best_a partition_n be_v that_o of_o aristotle_n into_o that_o which_o be_v natural_a and_o that_o which_o be_v voluntary_a or_o as_o he_o there_o call_v it_o legitimate_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o word_n law_n be_v take_v in_o the_o strict_a sense_n which_o difference_n be_v acknowledge_v both_o by_o the_o hebrew_n and_o the_o grecian_n who_o when_o they_o will_v speak_v proper_o distinguish_v they_o by_o their_o proper_a name_n x._o this_o law_n of_o nature_n define_v &_o distinguish_v from_o that_o which_o be_v not_o proper_o so_o that_o which_o we_o call_v natural_a right_n or_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v the_o dictate_v of_o right_a reason_n show_v the_o moral_a malignity_n or_o the_o moral_a necessity_n that_o there_o be_v in_o any_o act_n by_o either_o the_o repugnancy_n or_o congruity_n it_o have_v to_o 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which_o summon_v we_o to_o our_o duty_n by_o command_v it_o and_o drive_v we_o from_o all_o fraud_n by_o forbid_v it_o neither_o be_v its_o injunction_n or_o prohibition_n in_o vain_a to_o the_o righteous_a though_o with_o the_o wicked_a they_o prevail_v not_o to_o this_o law_n nothing_o must_v be_v add_v nor_o any_o part_n thereof_o detract_v and_o whole_o to_o abrogate_v it_o be_v impossible_a it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n either_o of_o the_o senate_n or_o the_o people_n to_o absolve_v we_o from_o our_o obedience_n to_o this_o law_n neither_o need_v we_o to_o seek_v after_o any_o other_o expositor_n than_o the_o law_n itself_o neither_o be_v it_o one_o law_n at_o athens_n and_o another_o at_o rome_n one_o now_o and_o another_o hereafter_o but_o this_o one_o law_n be_v both_o eternal_a and_o immutable_a shall_v bind_v all_o nation_n and_o in_o all_o age_n as_o there_o will_v ever_o be_v one_o common_a lord_n and_o governor_n of_o all_o which_o be_v god_n he_o be_v the_o sole_a 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our_o reason_n approve_v to_o be_v honest_a or_o at_o least_o be_v so_o comparative_o to_o those_o that_o be_v oppose_v unto_o they_o though_o they_o be_v not_o enjoin_v we_o yet_o be_v say_v to_o be_v due_a by_o this_o natural_a law_n moreover_o we_o must_v observe_v that_o this_o natural_a law_n do_v not_o determine_v of_o such_o thing_n only_o as_o have_v no_o dependence_n upon_o man_n will_n but_o of_o many_o thing_n also_o which_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o mankind_n have_v already_o mould_v as_o it_o be_v into_o a_o law_n thus_o be_v dominion_n as_o now_o in_o use_n by_o common_a consent_n introduce_v as_o by_o a_o law_n but_o be_v introduce_v this_o very_a law_n of_o nature_n do_v instruct_v we_o that_o to_o take_v away_o from_o any_o man_n that_o which_o be_v his_o own_o without_o his_o consent_n be_v impious_a and_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o paulus_n the_o lawyer_n conclude_v theft_n to_o be_v prohibit_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o vâ—pian_o that_o it_o be_v dishonest_a and_o julian_n tell_v we_o that_o after_o that_o which_o concern_v the_o worship_n of_o god_n there_o be_v a_o second_o law_n in_o its_o own_o nature_n holy_a julian_n julian_n and_o of_o divine_a extraction_n that_o enjoin_v we_o at_o all_o time_n and_o in_o all_o place_n to_o abstain_v from_o theft_n and_o rapine_n and_o that_o forbid_v we_o either_o in_o word_n in_o deed_n or_o in_o our_o most_o retire_a thought_n to_o mix_v or_o confound_v each_o other_o property_n .._o 3._o de_fw-fr off_z l._n 3._o for_o as_o cicero_n out_o of_o chrysippus_n well_o observe_v for_o any_o man_n to_o gain_v to_o himself_o what_o be_v necessary_a for_o his_o own_o lively_a hood_n be_v not_o unjust_a but_o to_o take_v it_o away_o by_o force_n from_o any_o other_o be_v not_o right_o euripides_n also_o condemn_v this_o as_o hateful_a to_o god_n himself_o námque_fw-la odit_fw-la ipse_fw-la vim_o deus_fw-la nec_fw-la divites_fw-la nos_fw-la esse_fw-la rapto_fw-la sed_fw-la probe_n partis_fw-la cupit_fw-la spernenda_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la pure_a veniat_fw-la copia_fw-la est_fw-la communis_fw-la aether_n hominibus_fw-la tellus_fw-la quoque_fw-la in_o qua_fw-la ampliare_fw-la cuique_fw-la sic_fw-la fas_fw-la est_fw-la domum_fw-la ut_fw-la ab_fw-la alienis_fw-la rebus_fw-la ac_fw-la vi_fw-la temperet_fw-la for_o god_n himself_o hate_v force_v nor_o will_v that_o we_o grow_v rich_a by_o fraud_n but_o good_n get_v honest_o riches_n unjust_o gain_v we_o shall_v disdain_v the_o earth_n the_o air_n and_o eke_o the_o ocean_n main_fw-fr stand_v free_a to_o all_o each_o may_v his_o house_n maintain_v by_o these_o so_o that_o from_o rapine_n he_o abstain_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v so_o immutable_a that_o god_n himself_o can_v alter_v it_o nature_n god_n himself_o can_v alter_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n for_o though_o the_o power_n of_o god_n be_v immense_a yet_o may_v something_n be_v say_v whereunto_o this_o great_a power_n do_v not_o extend_v itself_o because_o what_o be_v so_o say_v be_v say_v only_o but_o have_v no_o sense_n which_o can_v express_v the_o thing_n but_o they_o must_v contradict_v themselves_o as_o therefore_o that_o twice_o two_o shall_v not_o be_v four_o god_n himself_o can_v effect_v so_o neither_o can_v he_o that_o what_o be_v intrinsical_o evil_a shall_v not_o be_v evil_a for_o as_o the_o be_v of_o thing_n after_o they_o be_v and_o as_o they_o be_v depend_v not_o upon_o any_o other_o so_o do_v the_o propriety_n that_o necessary_o follow_v that_o be_v but_o such_o be_v the_o malignity_n of_o some_o act_n compare_v with_o nature_n as_o it_o be_v guide_v by_o right_a reason_n and_o therefore_o do_v god_n himself_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v judge_v of_o according_a to_o this_o rule_n as_o appear_v by_o that_o of_o abraham_n to_o god_n 18.25_o gen._n 18.25_o shall_v not_o the_o judge_n of_o all_o the_o world_n do_v right_o such_o a_o contradiction_n it_o be_v to_o say_v that_o he_o that_o be_v the_o judge_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n shall_v not_o do_v right_o that_o though_o it_o may_v be_v speak_v yet_o do_v the_o word_n though_o speak_v bear_v no_o sense_n but_o rather_o imply_v a_o manifest_a contradiction_n the_o like_a we_o may_v find_v in_o other_o place_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n 6._o es_fw-ge 5.3_o ez._n 18.25_o â—er_n 2.19_o mich._n 6.2_o rom._n 2.6_o 3_o 6._o it_o sometime_o notwithwstand_v so_o fall_v out_o that_o in_o these_o act_n concern_v which_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n have_v determine_v something_o there_o be_v some_o show_n or_o appearance_n of_o change_n which_o may_v easy_o deceive_v the_o unwary_a whereas_o indeed_o the_o change_n be_v not_o in_o that_o law_n which_o as_o i_o have_v already_o say_v be_v immutable_a but_o in_o the_o thing_n about_o which_o that_o law_n be_v conversant_a as_o for_o example_n if_o he_o to_o who_o i_o owe_v a_o just_a debt_n shall_v free_o discharge_v i_o of_o it_o i_o be_o not_o bind_v to_o pay_v it_o not_o that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v cease_v to_o command_v i_o to_o pay_v what_o i_o owe_v but_o because_o that_o which_o i_o do_v owe_v cease_v to_o be_v my_o debt_n be_v so_o discharge_v for_o as_o arrianus_n in_o epictetus_n right_o argue_v to_o make_v a_o just_a debt_n it_o be_v not_o enough_o that_o the_o money_n be_v lend_v but_o it_o be_v require_v that_o the_o obligation_n remain_v uncancel_v so_o when_o god_n command_v any_o man_n to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n or_o his_o good_n to_o be_v take_v from_o he_o murder_n and_o theft_n do_v not_o thereby_o become_v lawful_a for_o these_o very_a word_n do_v imply_v sin_n and_o no_o sin_n can_v be_v lawful_a but_o those_o act_n will_v not_o amount_v to_o murder_n or_o theft_n which_o be_v do_v by_o the_o express_a command_n of_o he_o who_o be_v the_o sovereign_a lord_n both_o of_o our_o life_n and_o fortune_n last_o there_o be_v something_n justifiable_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n not_o simple_o but_o so_o long_o as_o the_o condition_n of_o affair_n stand_v thus_o so_o till_o dominion_n be_v introduce_v the_o use_n of_o thing_n be_v natural_o common_a so_o before_o law_n and_o court_n of_o judicature_n be_v establish_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v lawful_a to_o recover_v by_o force_n what_o be_v our_o own_o but_o not_o since_o xi_o natural_a instinct_n that_o distinction_n which_o we_o may_v read_v of_o in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n be_v namely_o that_o this_o immutable_a law_n be_v either_o that_o which_o be_v common_a to_o man_n with_o beast_n which_o they_o call_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o strict_a sense_n and_o that_o which_o be_v peculiar_a unto_o man_n only_a which_o they_o sometime_o call_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v of_o very_o little_a use_n for_o nothing_o be_v proper_o capable_a of_o a_o law_n but_o that_o nature_n that_o be_v capable_a of_o make_v use_n of_o general_n precept_n which_o be_v well_o observe_v by_o hesiod_n when_o he_o say_v to_o man_n have_v god_n give_v law_n to_o be_v rule_v by_o but_o fish_n and_o beast_n and_o fowl_n that_o soar_v on_o high_a have_v no_o law_n do_v on_o each_o other_o prey_n but_o in_o good_a law_n do_v all_o our_o safety_n lay_v we_o say_v not_o of_o horse_n and_o lion_n m._n off._n lib._n 1._o vita_fw-la cat._n m._n say_v cicero_n that_o they_o be_v just_a neither_o as_o plutarch_n observe_v do_v we_o by_o nature_n make_v use_v of_o law_n or_o justice_n against_o any_o other_o creature_n but_o man_n among_o all_o other_o creature_n not_o endue_v with_o reason_n say_v lactantius_n nature_n be_v permit_v to_o be_v she_o own_o carver_n 5._o lib._n 5._o nocent_a aliis_fw-la ut_fw-la sibi_fw-la prosint_fw-la they_o destroy_v other_o to_o preserve_v themselves_o and_o in_o so_o do_v they_o be_v ignorant_a that_o they_o do_v amiss_o but_o man_n who_o have_v a_o faculty_n to_o discern_v good_a from_o evil_n wise_o abstain_v from_o hurt_v other_o though_o thereby_o he_o sometime_o incommodate_v himself_o 6._o lib._n 6._o polybius_n have_v declare_v upon_o what_o ground_n man_n at_o first_o enter_v into_o society_n add_v that_o when_o the_o rest_n see_v some_o man_n abuse_v their_o own_o parent_n and_o other_o behave_v themselves_o injurious_o towards_o their_o benefactor_n they_o can_v not_o choose_v but_o grieve_v at_o it_o whereof_o he_o give_v this_o reason_n for_o mankind_n say_v he_o be_v endue_v with_o understanding_n and_o reason_n above_o all_o other_o creature_n it_o be_v not_o credible_a that_o they_o shall_v behold_v act_n so_o abhorrent_n from_o nature_n without_o express_v some_o sign_n of_o discontent_n so_o likewise_o chrysostom_n this_o we_o learn_v from_o nature_n herself_o 13._o â—e_z statuis_fw-la 13._o that_o when_o we_o see_v one_o man_n abuse_v another_o we_o can_v but_o sympathize_v with_o the_o injure_a person_n and_o swell_v with_o indignation_n against_o the_o
that_o be_v without_o law_n as_o be_v free_a from_o the_o law_n and_o in_o another_o place_n a_o greek_z he_o call_v not_o he_o that_o be_v give_v to_o idol_n but_o he_o that_o invoke_v the_o true_a god_n statuis_fw-la orat._n 2._o de_fw-la statuis_fw-la and_o yet_o observe_v not_o the_o jewish_a ceremony_n as_o their_o sabbath_n their_o circumcision_n their_o ablution_n and_o the_o like_a but_o yet_o endeavour_v to_o steer_v the_o whole_a course_n of_o his_o life_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o wisdom_n and_o true_a piety_n now_o these_o as_o the_o hebrew_n doctor_n themselves_o testify_v be_v bind_v to_o live_v in_o conformity_n to_o the_o law_n give_v to_o adam_n and_o noah_n abstain_v from_o idol_n and_o blood_n and_o from_o other_o thing_n hereafter_o express_v but_o not_o to_o the_o law_n peculiar_a to_o the_o jew_n and_o therefore_o whereas_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o the_o jew_n to_o eat_v the_o flesh_n of_o any_o thing_n that_o die_v of_o itself_o yet_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o stranger_n live_v among_o they_o so_o to_o do_v deut._n 14.21_o unless_o it_o be_v to_o some_o particular_a law_n wherein_o it_o be_v express_o provide_v that_o as_o well_o the_o stranger_n as_o the_o home_n bear_v be_v bind_v to_o observe_v they_o for_o we_o read_v that_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o the_o stranger_n that_o never_o submit_v to_o the_o moysaicall_a law_n to_o worship_n god_n even_o in_o the_o temple_n at_o jerusalem_n yet_o so_o that_o he_o stand_v in_o a_o particular_a place_n by_o himself_o separate_v from_o that_o of_o the_o hebrew_n as_o you_o may_v read_v 1_o king_n 8.41_o jo._n 12.20_o act._n 8.27_o neither_o do_v elisha_n enjoin_v naaman_n nor_o ionas_n the_o ninevite_n nor_o daniel_n nabuchadnezzar_n nor_o the_o other_o prophet_n persuade_v the_o syrian_n moabite_n or_o egyptian_n unto_o who_o they_o write_v that_o there_o be_v any_o necessity_n at_o all_o for_o they_o to_o submit_v to_o the_o yoke_n of_o the_o jewish_a law_n and_o what_o i_o say_v here_o of_o the_o whole_a law_n be_v true_a also_o of_o circumcision_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o introduction_n unto_o it_o with_o this_o only_a difference_n that_o to_o the_o whole_a law_n of_o moses_n the_o israelite_n only_o be_v bind_v but_o to_o that_o of_o circumcision_n all_o the_o posterity_n of_o abraham_n and_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o idumean_n be_v the_o offspring_n of_o esau_n ishmael_n or_o cetura_fw-la be_v compel_v by_o the_o israelite_n to_o be_v circumcise_v as_o both_o the_o jewish_a and_o grecian_a history_n inform_v we_o beside_o of_o all_o other_o nation_n 2.14_o rom._n 2.14_o that_o of_o st._n paul_n hold_v true_a see_v that_o the_o gentile_n who_o have_v not_o the_o law_n do_v by_o nature_n the_o thing_n of_o the_o law_n that_o be_v by_o their_o own_o manner_n and_o custom_n flow_v from_o the_o original_a fountain_n of_o reason_n unless_o any_o man_n have_v rather_o refer_v the_o word_n nature_n to_o the_o word_n forego_v thereby_o oppose_v the_o gentile_n to_o the_o jew_n who_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v bear_v have_v their_o law_n instill_v into_o they_o these_o have_v not_o the_o law_n be_v a_o law_n unto_o themselves_o as_o show_v the_o work_n of_o the_o law_n write_v in_o their_o heart_n their_o thought_n and_o conscience_n mutual_o accuse_v or_o excuse_v themselves_o and_o that_o also_o in_o the_o 26_o verse_n of_o the_o same_o chapter_n if_o the_o uncircumcision_n keep_v the_o law_n shall_v not_o his_o uncircumcision_n be_v account_v for_o circumcision_n thus_o do_v chrysostome_n expound_v that_o place_n of_o st._n paul_n before_o cite_v the_o gentile_n by_o nature_n that_o be_v by_o the_o very_a dictate_v of_o right_a reason_n and_o present_o after_o in_o this_o say_v he_o be_v they_o to_o be_v admire_v that_o they_o stand_v in_o no_o need_n of_o the_o law_n to_o guide_v they_o and_o that_o instead_o thereof_o they_o be_v guide_v only_o by_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o light_n of_o their_o own_o conscience_n thus_o also_o do_v tertullian_n argue_v against_o the_o jew_n of_o his_o age_n long_o say_v he_o before_o moses_n write_v the_o law_n in_o the_o table_n of_o stone_n there_o be_v as_o i_o will_v justify_v a_o law_n natural_o understand_v and_o observe_v by_o the_o patriarch_n 2._o ant._n lib._n 20._o c._n 2._o and_o therefore_o ananias_n the_o jew_n in_o josephus_n do_v right_o inform_v izates_n adiabenus_n that_o god_n may_v be_v due_o worship_v and_o well_o please_v with_o we_o although_o we_o be_v not_o circumcise_v and_o triphon_n himself_o grant_v this_o to_o justin_n that_o there_o be_v some_o hope_n leave_v he_o of_o a_o better_a condition_n though_o he_o do_v persist_v in_o the_o way_n of_o his_o own_o philosophy_n now_o the_o reason_n why_o so_o many_o stranger_n among_o the_o jew_n be_v circumcise_v and_o thereby_o oblige_v to_o keep_v the_o law_n as_o st._n paul_n expound_v it_o be_v 5.3_o the_o reason_n why_o stranger_n be_v circumcise_v gal._n 5.3_o partly_o that_o they_o may_v partake_v of_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o jewish_a commonwealth_n for_o proselyte_n enjoy_v the_o same_o right_n with_o the_o israelite_n as_o may_v be_v gather_v out_o of_o numb_a 15._o and_o be_v plain_o assert_v exod._n 12.27_o and_o partly_o that_o thereby_o they_o may_v be_v make_v capable_a of_o those_o promise_n which_o be_v not_o common_a to_o all_o nation_n but_o peculiar_a to_o the_o jew_n only_o although_o i_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o there_o grow_v up_o afterward_o a_o erroneous_a opinion_n affirm_v that_o without_o the_o pale_a of_o the_o jewish_a church_n there_o can_v be_v no_o salvation_n from_o hence_o then_o we_o may_v collect_v that_o we_o gentile_n stand_v oblige_v to_o no_o part_n of_o the_o moysaicall_a law_n as_o a_o law_n proper_o so_o call_v because_o all_o obligation_n beyond_o that_o which_o arise_v from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n but_o that_o it_o be_v the_o will_n of_o god_n that_o any_o other_o nation_n beside_o the_o jew_n shall_v be_v bind_v by_o that_o law_n can_v be_v make_v out_o by_o any_o solid_a argument_n we_o need_v not_o therefore_o as_o to_o ourselves_o prove_v the_o abrogation_n of_o that_o law_n because_o it_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v abrogate_a as_o to_o they_o who_o it_o never_o bind_v yea_o even_o to_o the_o jew_n themselves_o the_o oblige_a power_n be_v abolish_v as_o to_o the_o ceremonial_a law_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o evangelical_n law_n begin_v to_o be_v promulgate_v which_o be_v plain_o reveal_v to_o st._n peter_n act_v 10.15_o 10.15_o act_n 10.15_o and_o as_o to_o the_o rest_n after_o that_o people_n cease_v to_o be_v a_o people_n by_o the_o destruction_n of_o their_o city_n and_o that_o general_a desolation_n that_o succeed_v without_o any_o hope_n of_o restitution_n but_o we_o who_o be_v stranger_n be_v not_o free_v from_o that_o law_n by_o the_o advent_n of_o christ_n but_o by_o christ_n we_o who_o before_o have_v nothing_o but_o a_o faint_a and_o obscure_a hope_n place_v only_o in_o the_o goodness_n of_o god_n be_v now_o strengthen_v by_o a_o clear_a and_o firm_a covenant_n assure_v we_o that_o we_o also_o may_v grow_v up_o together_o with_o the_o jew_n be_v the_o son_n of_o the_o patriarch_n into_o one_o church_n the_o judaical_a law_n which_o be_v that_o partition-wall_n that_o keep_v we_o asunder_o be_v now_o take_v away_o as_o st_z paul_n testify_v to_o the_o ephesian_n 2.14_o eph._n 2.14_o xvii_o what_o christian_n may_v learn_v from_o the_o moysaicall_a law_n since_o the_o moysaicall_a law_n can_v direct_o oblige_v we_o as_o have_v be_v already_o prove_v let_v we_o now_o see_v of_o what_o other_o use_v it_o will_v be_v to_o we_o as_o well_o in_o this_o case_n of_o war_n as_o in_o the_o liâ—e_z doubtful_a case_n the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o be_v very_o necessary_a for_o the_o clear_n of_o diverse_a case_n for_o in_o the_o first_o place_n from_o hence_o we_o may_v be_v assure_v that_o what_o be_v heretofore_o command_v in_o that_o law_n be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n for_o since_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v as_o i_o have_v already_o say_v perpetual_a and_o immutable_a nothing_o can_v be_v command_v we_o by_o god_n contrary_a to_o this_o law_n because_o god_n can_v never_o be_v unjust_a 7.12_o psal_n 19.8_o rom._n 7.12_o beside_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n be_v as_o the_o psalmist_n speak_v pure_a and_o right_a and_o as_o the_o apostle_n say_v holy_a just_a and_o good_a which_o place_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o precept_n of_o the_o law_n only_o but_o as_o to_o the_o permission_n of_o the_o law_n we_o must_v speak_v of_o they_o more_o distinct_o now_o legal_a permission_n for_o that_o which_o respect_v the_o bare_a fact_n and_o
be_v full_o stock_v with_o man_n lest_o the_o same_o licence_n shall_v again_o increase_v god_n think_v fit_a to_o restrain_v it_o by_o a_o more_o severe_a punishment_n so_o that_o correct_v the_o lenity_n of_o the_o former_a age_n what_o nature_n before_o judge_v not_o unjust_a he_o himself_o permit_v to_o be_v do_v namely_o that_o he_o that_o shed_v man_n blood_n shall_v himself_o be_v put_v to_o death_n and_o that_o he_o that_o kill_v a_o homicide_n shall_v be_v hold_v innocent_a but_o afterward_o tribunal_n be_v erect_v this_o power_n for_o many_o weighty_a reason_n be_v transfer_v to_o judge_n only_o yet_o so_o that_o some_o print_n of_o that_o ancient_a custom_n be_v to_o be_v see_v even_o after_o moses_n his_o law_n be_v give_v whereof_o more_o shall_v be_v say_v anon_o as_o may_v appear_v by_o that_o right_n which_o be_v grant_v unto_o he_o that_o be_v next_o of_o kin_n unto_o he_o that_o have_v be_v slay_v we_o have_v abraham_n practice_n to_o justify_v this_o gloss_n who_o though_o he_o very_o well_o know_v the_o law_n that_o god_n give_v unto_o noah_n gen._n 9.6_o yet_o take_v arm_n against_o the_o four_o king_n presume_v on_o that_o principle_n of_o nature_n that_o to_o destroy_v the_o destroyer_n be_v not_o displease_v to_o the_o god_n of_o nature_n thus_o moses_n command_v the_o israelite_n to_o fight_v the_o amalekite_n who_o with_o arm_n oppose_v their_o passage_n into_o canaan_n have_v no_o other_o warrant_n for_o so_o do_v than_o the_o bare_a law_n of_o nature_n for_o it_o appear_v not_o that_o in_o this_o as_o in_o other_o like_a case_n he_o consult_v with_o god_n at_o all_o exod._n 17.9_o 17.9_o exod._n 17.9_o whereunto_o we_o may_v likewise_o add_v that_o capital_a punishment_n be_v execute_v not_o against_o murder_n only_o but_o against_o other_o great_a crime_n and_o that_o not_o among_o the_o gentile_n only_o but_o even_o among_o the_o patriarch_n as_o the_o story_n of_o judah_n and_o thamar_n do_v clear_o evince_v gen._n 38.14_o 38.14_o gen._n 38.14_o rational_o conjecture_v by_o a_o argument_n draw_v from_o like_a to_o like_v that_o it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o god_n will_n that_o the_o punishment_n ordain_v against_o homicide_n may_v just_o be_v inflict_v on_o such_o as_o be_v notorious_o criminous_a for_o some_o thing_n there_o be_v that_o we_o equal_o value_v as_o we_o do_v our_o life_n such_o be_v our_o honour_n our_o virgin_n chastity_n our_o matrimonial_a faith_n and_o such_o thing_n without_o which_o our_o life_n can_v be_v well_o secure_v as_o our_o reverence_n to_o our_o prince_n without_o which_o no_o society_n can_v be_v preserve_v now_o they_o that_o offend_v against_o any_o of_o these_o be_v no_o better_o than_o homicide_n and_o be_v therefore_o to_o be_v equal_o punish_v with_o they_o hence_o arise_v that_o ancient_a tradition_n among_o the_o hebrew_n that_o god_n give_v more_o law_n to_o noah_n than_o be_v record_v by_o moses_n who_o think_v it_o sufficient_a to_o insert_v they_o among_o those_o law_n which_o god_n give_v to_o the_o hebrew_n by_o himself_o moses_n incestuous_a marriage_n forbid_v before_o moses_n incestuous_a marriage_n be_v certain_o forbid_v by_o some_o law_n before_o moses_n his_o time_n for_o which_o god_n be_v say_v to_o visit_v the_o heathen_a and_o to_o cast_v they_o out_o for_o it_o have_v not_o be_v account_v as_o a_o sin_n and_o so_o not_o punishable_a by_o desolation_n have_v there_o be_v no_o law_n to_o forbid_v it_o and_o yet_o we_o do_v not_o find_v it_o in_o any_o place_n express_o prohibit_v until_o moses_n record_v it_o as_o punish_v leu._n 18._o among_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v command_v by_o god_n to_o the_o son_n of_o noah_n they_o reckon_v this_o that_o not_o only_a murder_n but_o adultery_n incest_n and_o violent_a rape_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v confirm_v as_o well_o by_o the_o story_n of_o abimelech_n gen._n 20.6_o 20.6_o gen._n 20.6_o as_o by_o the_o word_n of_o holy_a job_n job_n 31.11_o 31.11_o job_n 31.11_o but_o the_o law_n give_v by_o moses_n add_v the_o reason_n of_o these_o capital_a punishment_n which_o be_v no_o less_o in_o force_n among_o the_o gentile_n than_o among_o his_o own_o people_n 20.8_o psal_n 101.5_o prov._n 20.8_o as_o it_o be_v most_o apparent_a leu._n 18.24_o 25._o and_o the_o 27_o and_o 28._o verse_n and_o elsewhere_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o land_n be_v defile_v with_o blood_n can_v not_o be_v cleanse_v but_o by_o the_o blood_n of_o he_o that_o shed_v it_o numb_a 35.31_o 33._o and_o it_o be_v unreasonable_a to_o think_v that_o god_n shall_v indulge_v this_o favour_n to_o the_o jew_n only_o that_o they_o may_v defend_v themselves_o by_o war_n and_o punish_v malefactor_n with_o death_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n forbid_v it_o to_o other_o nation_n neither_o do_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o prophet_n be_v at_o any_o time_n send_v by_o god_n to_o admonish_v or_o reprove_v either_o king_n or_o people_n for_o either_o inflict_a capital_a punishment_n on_o malefactor_n or_o for_o undertake_v a_o war_n mere_o as_o war_n as_o they_o be_v to_o reprove_v other_o sin_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a who_o will_v not_o think_v but_o that_o see_v moses_n judicial_a law_n be_v observe_v to_o carry_v the_o stamp_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n those_o nation_n do_v wise_o and_o pious_o who_o form_v their_o law_n according_a to_o that_o original_n as_o questionless_a the_o greek_n especial_o the_o attick_n do_v and_o from_o they_o the_o roman_n in_o their_o law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n but_o let_v this_o suffice_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o law_n of_o noah_n be_v not_o so_o to_o be_v understand_v as_o they_o conceive_v who_o by_o they_o will_v evince_v all_o war_n to_o be_v unlawful_a vi_o caution_n concern_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o war_n by_o the_o gospel_n law_n but_o much_o more_o specious_a be_v those_o argument_n which_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o new_a testament_n against_o war_n in_o the_o examination_n whereof_o i_o shall_v not_o take_v that_o as_o grant_v which_o some_o do_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o new_a testament_n command_v except_o matter_n of_o faith_n and_o the_o sacrament_n but_o what_o be_v command_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n for_o this_o in_o that_o sense_n wherein_o they_o take_v it_o i_o can_v admit_v it_o but_o this_o i_o willing_o grant_v that_o there_o caution_n 1_o be_v nothing_o command_v in_o the_o gospel_n but_o what_o be_v natural_o honest_a but_o that_o the_o law_n of_o christ_n do_v not_o oblige_v we_o further_o than_o to_o what_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v by_o itself_o bind_v we_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o i_o shall_v admit_v and_o for_o they_o that_o approve_v of_o this_o opinion_n it_o be_v a_o wonder_n to_o see_v what_o pain_n they_o take_v to_o prove_v that_o polygamy_n divorce_n fornication_n which_o we_o find_v forbid_v in_o the_o new_a testament_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n unlawful_a hence_o be_v that_o of_o st._n jerome_n aliae_fw-la sunt_fw-la leges_fw-la caesaris_fw-la alia_fw-la christi_fw-la aliud_fw-la papinianus_n aliud_fw-la paulus_n noster_fw-la praecipit_fw-la the_o law_n of_o caesar_n be_v one_o and_o the_o law_n of_o christ_n another_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n that_o papinian_n prescribe_v unto_o we_o and_o another_o what_o st._n paul_n command_v it_o be_v true_a thâ—se_a be_v such_o as_o â—ight_a reason_n tell_v we_o to_o abstain_v from_o be_v more_o agreeable_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o honesty_n but_o not_o such_o as_o be_v in_o themselves_o impious_a but_o only_o as_o they_o be_v by_o the_o divine_a law_n forbid_v but_o as_o to_o that_o which_o the_o christian_a law_n enjoin_v we_o namely_o that_o we_o shall_v lay_v down_o our_o life_n one_o for_o another_o 3.16_o john_n 3.16_o who_o can_v say_v that_o we_o be_v oblige_v thereunto_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v for_o those_o that_o do_v not_o yet_o believe_v the_o gospel_n lenaâ—_n ad_fw-la lenaâ—_n to_o be_v guide_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n say_v justin_n caution_n 2_o martyr_n of_o which_o opinion_n likewise_o be_v origen_n neither_o can_v i_o assent_v unto_o those_o who_o hold_v that_o christ_n in_o his_o sermon_n on_o the_o mount_n do_v only_o interpret_v and_o as_o it_o be_v embowel_v the_o law_n of_o moses_n for_o those_o word_n so_o often_o repeat_v you_o have_v hear_v that_o it_o have_v be_v say_v to_o they_o of_o old_a but_o i_o say_v unto_o you_o do_v plain_o signify_v another_o thing_n yea_o and_o the_o syriack_n and_o other_o translation_n do_v clear_o show_v that_o by_o veteribus_fw-la be_v understand_v not_o by_o but_o to_o they_o of_o old_a as_o in_o the_o opposite_a word_n vobis_fw-la be_v not_o mean_v by_o but_o to_o you_o but_o those_o of_o old_a be_v none_o other_o but_o such_o as_o live_v in_o moses_n
otherwise_o repel_v or_o avoid_v the_o evil_n intend_v against_o i_o neither_o do_v charity_n by_o itself_o seem_v to_o restrain_v we_o herein_o in_o favour_n to_o the_o nocent_a linus_n the_o musician_n provoke_v his_o disciple_n hercules_n with_o a_o slight_a blow_n have_v his_o brain_n beat_v out_o by_o hercules_n with_o his_o own_o harp_n and_o be_v by_o some_o arraign_v for_o the_o murder_n appeal_v for_o his_o indemnity_n to_o that_o law_n of_o rhadamant_n whereby_o he_o that_o wound_v another_o be_v by_o he_o first_o assault_v be_v declare_v innocent_a but_o the_o christian_a law_n do_v clear_o forbid_v it_o and_o christ_n himself_o do_v express_o charge_v his_o disciple_n patient_o to_o suffer_v any_o such_o slight_a injury_n though_o reiterated_a rathâ—r_o than_o to_o hurt_v our_o adversary_n how_o much_o more_o do_v he_o forbid_v they_o to_o kill_v he_o to_o avoid_v a_o box_n on_o the_o ear_n by_o which_o particular_a instance_n we_o be_v sufficient_o caution_v against_o that_o of_o covarruvias_n that_o man_n understanding_n be_v well_o instruct_v in_o what_o be_v natural_o right_a will_v not_o endure_v that_o any_o thing_n shall_v in_o natural_a reason_n be_v permit_v that_o be_v not_o also_o permit_v by_o god_n who_o be_v very_a nature_n itself_o for_o god_n who_o be_v so_o the_o author_n of_o nature_n that_o he_o sometime_o act_n free_o above_o nature_n have_v a_o right_a to_o bind_v and_o to_o limit_v we_o by_o law_n even_o in_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v in_o their_o own_o nature_n free_a and_o indefinite_a much_o more_o have_v he_o power_n to_o oblige_v we_o to_o that_o which_o be_v natural_o honest_a though_o not_o due_a but_o a_o wonder_n it_o be_v that_o since_o god_n will_v be_v in_o this_o point_n so_o express_o declare_v in_o the_o gospel_n 5._o navarr_n c_o 15._o 4_o henr._n de_fw-fr irregul_n c._n 11._o vict._n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la be_v lâ—_n n._n 5._o there_o shall_v yet_o be_v find_v so_o many_o christian_n yea_o and_o those_o divine_n who_o maintain_v not_o only_o that_o for_o the_o avoid_n of_o a_o box_n on_o the_o ear_n or_o such_o like_a slight_a injury_n we_o may_v lawful_o kill_v our_o adversary_n but_o that_o in_o case_n he_o that_o have_v smite_v we_o do_v fly_v yet_o may_v we_o pursue_v he_o even_o to_o death_n for_o the_o vindication_n of_o our_o own_o honour_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v as_o equidistant_a from_o natural_a reason_n what_o honour_n what_o as_o from_o christian_a piety_n for_o honour_n est_fw-la opinio_fw-la de_fw-fr excellentia_fw-la revenge_n see_v more_o in_o patience_n than_o a_o overhasty_a revenge_n honour_n be_v a_o opinion_n of_o some_o excellency_n in_o the_o person_n honour_v but_o he_o that_o can_v bear_v such_o a_o injury_n do_v express_v himself_o eminent_o patient_a and_o by_o that_o mean_n do_v rather_o magnify_v than_o diminish_v his_o own_o honour_n neither_o be_v it_o much_o material_a that_o some_o man_n of_o corrupt_a judgement_n do_v reproach_n this_o virtue_n by_o the_o name_n of_o cowardice_n for_o those_o shallow_a head_n can_v neither_o alter_v the_o thing_n itself_o nor_o lessen_v the_o reputation_n of_o it_o neither_o be_v this_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o primitive_a christian_n only_o but_o of_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n also_o who_o ever_o account_v it_o a_o argument_n of_o a_o weak_a and_o pusillanimous_a spirit_n not_o to_o be_v able_a to_o digest_v a_o injury_n charity_n to_o kill_v a_o man_n for_o a_o slight_a injury_n though_o natural_o lawful_a yet_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o of_o charity_n as_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v and_o from_o hence_o we_o may_v collect_v how_o deserve_o their_o opinion_n be_v to_o be_v explode_v who_o hold_v it_o lawful_a by_o even_o divine_a right_n for_o that_o it_o may_v be_v so_o by_o the_o right_n of_o nature_n i_o deny_v not_o to_o defend_v ourselves_o even_o from_o mean_a and_o slight_a injury_n by_o even_o the_o death_n of_o the_o person_n injure_v although_o we_o may_v without_o any_o danger_n avoid_v he_o by_o flight_n or_o otherwise_o because_o it_o be_v account_v dishonourable_a in_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n so_o to_o do_v whereas_o indeed_o the_o scandal_n be_v not_o just_o give_v but_o by_o a_o popular_a misprision_n unjust_o take_v and_o by_o all_o those_o who_o understand_v wherein_o true_a wisdom_n and_o valour_n do_v consist_v to_o be_v contemn_v and_o it_o do_v not_o a_o little_a rejoice_v i_o that_o herein_o i_o have_v the_o concurrent_a opinion_n of_o that_o excellent_a lawyer_n charles_n moline_n among_o other_o to_o abett_v i_o 119._o in_o addit_fw-la ad_fw-la alex._n cons_n 119._o now_o what_o be_v say_v of_o a_o blow_n on_o the_o cheek_n and_o of_o flight_n the_o very_a same_o may_v also_o be_v say_v in_o all_o such_o case_n wherein_o our_o honour_n or_o reputation_n be_v not_o great_o wound_v but_o what_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v speak_v that_o of_o we_o which_o be_v believe_v may_v blast_v our_o credit_n and_o esteem_v with_o man_n some_o there_o be_v that_o will_v persuade_v we_o that_o we_o may_v lawful_o kill_v he_o also_o 376._o pet._n navar._n l._n 2._o c._n 3._o n._n 376._o but_o very_o erroneous_o and_o against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n for_o this_o be_v no_o fit_a mean_n whereby_o we_o may_v hope_v to_o clear_v our_o fame_n or_o to_o repair_v our_o good_a name_n be_v sully_v xi_o to_o kill_v any_o man_n in_o defence_n of_o our_o good_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n not_o unlawful_a let_v we_o now_o proceed_v to_o those_o injury_n whereby_o we_o be_v damnify_v in_o our_o good_n or_o estate_n and_o if_o we_o respect_v expletive_a justice_n only_o i_o shall_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o for_o the_o conservation_n of_o they_o the_o robber_n if_o need_v be_v may_v be_v kill_v for_o as_o there_o be_v some_o inequality_n between_o a_o righteous_a man_n and_o a_o thief_n so_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o law_n the_o good_n of_o the_o innocent_a be_v even_o balance_v with_o the_o life_n of_o the_o nocent_a whence_o it_o follow_v that_o if_o we_o respect_v this_o right_n only_a a_o thief_n fly_v away_o with_o steal_a good_n if_o those_o good_n can_v otherwise_o be_v recover_v may_v be_v kill_v so_o demosthenes_n in_o his_o oration_n against_o aristocrates_n be_v it_o not_o say_v he_o a_o very_a sad_a case_n and_o contrary_a to_o all_o law_n and_o equity_n that_o i_o shall_v not_o be_v permit_v to_o use_v violence_n against_o he_o who_o by_o violence_n have_v dispossess_v i_o of_o my_o good_n neither_o do_v common_a charity_n set_v aside_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o man_n hinder_v i_o by_o way_n of_o precept_n unless_o it_o be_v for_o thing_n of_o so_o small_a value_n as_o deserve_v rather_o to_o be_v slight_v than_o with_o such_o eagerness_n to_o be_v prosecute_v which_o be_v a_o exception_n that_o some_o writer_n do_v admit_v of_o xii_o how_o far_o lawful_a by_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n let_v we_o now_o see_v in_o what_o sense_n the_o moysaicall_a law_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v whereunto_o that_o old_a law_n of_o solon_n be_v parallel_v which_o demosthenes_n commemorate_v against_o timocrates_n from_o whence_o be_v take_v the_o law_n of_o the_o 12._o table_n and_o that_o of_o plato_n also_o in_o his_o nine_o de_fw-la legibus_fw-la all_o which_o law_n do_v agree_v in_o this_o that_o they_o put_v a_o great_a difference_n between_o a_o night_n and_o a_o day-thief_n but_o concern_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o law_n there_o be_v some_o question_n some_o be_v of_o opinion_n distinguish_v the_o day-thief_n and_o the_o night-thief_n distinguish_v that_o the_o only_a reason_n of_o this_o law_n be_v because_o by_o night_n it_o can_v well_o be_v discern_v whether_o he_o that_o break_v into_o a_o house_n be_v a_o thief_n or_o a_o murderer_n and_o therefore_o to_o prevent_v the_o worst_a he_o may_v be_v kill_v as_o a_o murderer_n other_o place_v the_o difference_n in_o this_o that_o in_o the_o night_n a_o thief_n can_v be_v know_v and_o consequent_o the_o good_n steal_a can_v be_v recover_v and_o therefore_o he_o may_v be_v kill_v but_o in_o my_o opinion_n the_o lawmaker_n have_v no_o regard_n to_o either_o of_o these_o proper_o but_o rather_o that_o none_o ought_v to_o be_v kill_v for_o steal_v of_o good_n direct_o yet_o that_o in_o some_o case_n the_o good_n steal_v might_n occasion_n the_o death_n of_o he_o that_o steal_v they_o namely_o when_o the_o good_n steal_a can_v otherwise_o be_v recover_v but_o by_o kill_v he_o who_o be_v fly_v away_o with_o they_o but_o if_o i_o myself_o in_o pursue_v after_o my_o good_n shall_v be_v bring_v into_o danger_n of_o my_o life_n than_o it_o may_v be_v lawful_a for_o i_o to_o redeem_v my_o own_o life_n out_o of_o danger_n though_o with_o the_o hazard_n or_o loss_n of_o another_o man_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v
and_o call_v her_o holy_a mystery_n thefmophoria_n they_o doubtless_o insinuate_v that_o the_o division_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o cornfield_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o creation_n of_o a_o new_a right_n for_o as_o a_o house_n or_o field_n unoccupied_a be_v common_a but_o if_o possess_v the_o possessor_n so_o the_o earth_n be_v divide_v into_o several_a parcel_n that_o each_o man_n may_v till_o and_o hold_v his_o own_o iii_o that_o some_o thing_n will_v not_o admit_v of_o propriety_n as_o the_o sea_n take_v universal_o now_o these_o thing_n be_v admit_v we_o say_v that_o the_o sea_n consider_v either_o universal_o or_o as_o to_o its_o principal_a part_n can_v be_v hold_v in_o propriety_n by_o any_o this_o because_o grant_v by_o some_o as_o to_o private_a person_n only_o but_o not_o unto_o people_n or_o nation_n i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o prove_v first_o by_o moral_a reason_n for_o the_o cause_n that_o move_v man_n to_o decline_v their_o tenure_n of_o land_n in_o common_a do_v not_o at_o all_o hold_n in_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v so_o vast_a and_o boundless_a and_o ship_n and_o man_n thereon_o employ_v so_o few_o must_v needs_o be_v abundant_o sufficient_a to_o all_o nation_n and_o for_o all_o use_n whether_o for_o water_n fish_v or_o navigation_n the_o very_a same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o air_n if_o any_o such_o use_n can_v be_v make_v thereof_o whereunto_o the_o use_n of_o the_o earth_n under_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a as_o in_o the_o sport_n of_o hawk_v and_o in_o the_o right_n of_o habitation_n both_o which_o do_v receive_v law_n from_o he_o who_o be_v the_o lord_n of_o the_o soil_n for_o as_o pomponius_n observe_v tam_fw-la soli_fw-la quam_fw-la coeli_fw-la mensura_fw-la facienda_fw-la est_fw-la and_o again_o cajus_n cujus_fw-la est_fw-la solum_fw-la ejus_fw-la est_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la coelum_fw-la who_o be_v the_o soil_n his_o be_v all_o that_o be_v above_o it_o even_o unto_o heaven_n the_o very_a same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o shelf_n and_o quicksand_n where_o nothing_o can_v be_v make_v to_o grow_v and_o whereof_o there_o can_v be_v make_v no_o other_o use_n but_o to_o ballast_n ship_n bound_v the_o ocean_n not_o bound_v and_o whereof_o there_o be_v such_o store_n that_o it_o can_v possible_o be_v exhaust_v there_o be_v also_o a_o natural_a reason_n why_o the_o sea_n so_o take_v can_v be_v hold_v in_o propriety_n because_o occupatio_fw-la non_fw-la procedit_fw-la nisi_fw-la in_o re_fw-la terminata_fw-la nothing_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v possess_v that_o be_v not_o bound_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o thucydides_n call_v land_n unoccupied_a land_n unbounded_a and_o isocrates_n paneg._n paneg._n of_o some_o land_n occupy_v by_o the_o athenian_n say_v that_o that_o land_n be_v by_o we_o bound_v and_o limit_v 2._o de_fw-fr gener_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 2._o now_o aristotle_n tell_v we_o that_o liquid_a thing_n can_v be_v contain_v within_o their_o own_o bound_n and_o if_o so_o than_o they_o can_v be_v possess_v unless_o they_o be_v contain_v in_o somewhat_o that_o be_v solid_a and_o comprehensive_a of_o they_o as_o pond_n lake_n and_o river_n be_v they_o proper_o who_o be_v the_o land_n be_v wherewith_o they_o be_v embank_v now_o the_o sea_n can_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o earth_n be_v equal_a to_o it_o nay_o great_a than_o the_o earth_n earth_n great_a than_o the_o earth_n as_o jarcha_v in_o philostratus_n think_v of_o the_o ocean_n and_o therefore_o the_o ancient_n hold_v that_o the_o sea_n do_v contain_v the_o earth_n 11._o lib._n 3._o c._n 11._o what_o say_v gellius_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v about_o the_o ocean_n when_o the_o ocean_n do_v every_o where_n circumscribe_v and_o encompass_v the_o earth_n and_o a_o little_a after_o since_o that_o every_o where_o and_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o way_n it_o flow_v about_o the_o earth_n nothing_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v about_o it_o but_o all_o region_n be_v entrench_v and_o environ_v with_o its_o wave_n whatsoever_o be_v enclose_v within_o the_o brink_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o so_o likewise_o speak_v livy_n of_o the_o ocean_n qâ—i_fw-la orbem_fw-la terraram_fw-la amplexu_fw-la finit_a which_o encircle_n with_o its_o wave_n the_o terrestrial_a globe_n seneca_n call_v the_o ocean_n vinculum_fw-la totius_fw-la orbis_fw-la custodiaque_fw-la terrarum_fw-la the_o bond_n or_o ligament_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o safeguard_n of_o the_o nation_n neither_o be_v a_o division_n of_o that_o vast_a body_n of_o water_n to_o be_v imagine_v for_o when_o at_o the_o first_o land_n be_v divide_v the_o sea_n at_o least_o the_o great_a part_n thereof_o be_v unknown_a and_o therefore_o no_o mean_n can_v possible_o be_v invent_v whereby_o the_o nation_n so_o far_o distant_a shall_v agree_v about_o the_o division_n of_o that_o which_o they_o know_v not_o wherefore_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o what_o then_o be_v the_o common_a right_n of_o all_o and_o in_o the_o first_o division_n be_v leave_v undivided_a be_v not_o now_o the_o proper_a right_n of_o any_o either_o people_n or_o person_n by_o division_n but_o by_o occupancy_n neither_o can_v be_v divide_v until_o they_o have_v first_o be_v occupy_v iu_o place_n not_o inhabit_v be_v his_o that_o first_o possess_v they_o let_v we_o now_o descend_v unto_o such_o thing_n wherein_o we_o may_v have_v a_o right_n of_o propriety_n though_o as_o yet_o we_o have_v none_o such_o be_v many_o place_n which_o be_v as_o yet_o desert_a and_o unoccupied_a island_n in_o the_o sea_n wild_a beast_n fish_n and_o bird_n concern_v which_o two_o thing_n be_v observable_a first_o concern_v place_n unpeople_v there_o be_v a_o twofold_n right_o of_o the_o occupancy_n of_o land_n the_o one_o universal_a or_o of_o the_o whole_a the_o other_o partial_a as_o that_o of_o manor_n and_o farm_n the_o former_a be_v usual_o gain_v at_o the_o charge_n and_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n or_o of_o he_o who_o have_v the_o sovereignty_n over_o the_o people_n the_o other_o by_o private_a lord_n or_o farmer_n which_o be_v do_v rather_o by_o assignation_n from_o the_o former_a than_o by_o any_o free_a and_o unlimited_a occupancy_n but_o in_o case_n there_o be_v any_o part_n or_o parcel_n of_o that_o country_n or_o island_n so_o universal_o occupy_v that_o be_v not_o yet_o assign_v to_o particular_a person_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o to_o be_v repute_v as_o waste_v but_o it_o be_v still_o suppose_a to_o be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o first_o occupant_n be_v they_o king_n or_o people_n such_o be_v usual_o river_n lake_n pond_n wood_n steep_a mountain_n and_o the_o like_a v._o bird_n beast_n and_o fish_n the_o first_o occupier_n unless_o restrain_v by_o law_n second_o as_o to_o wild_a beast_n fish_n and_o bird_n this_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o he_o that_o have_v the_o dominion_n over_o the_o land_n and_o water_n may_v by_o his_o law_n interdict_v other_o from_o take_v they_o or_o be_v take_v from_o carry_v they_o away_o and_o by_o this_o law_n shall_v stranger_n also_o be_v oblige_v the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v that_o to_o the_o government_n of_o the_o people_n it_o be_v moral_o necessary_a that_o whosoever_o shall_v sojourn_v among_o the_o people_n though_o but_o for_o a_o while_n yet_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o shall_v enter_v into_o their_o dominion_n he_o shall_v render_v himself_o conformable_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o that_o people_n neither_o do_v it_o avail_v to_o the_o contrary_a to_o say_v that_o in_o the_o roman_a law_n we_o often_o read_v that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n it_o be_v free_a for_o any_o man_n to_o hunt_v such_o kind_n of_o creature_n for_o this_o may_v be_v while_o there_o be_v no_o civil_a law_n to_o prohibit_v it_o as_o indeed_o there_o be_v many_o other_o thing_n that_o be_v leave_v free_a and_o arbitrary_a by_o the_o roman_a law_n in_o the_o infancy_n of_o their_o commonwealth_n which_o the_o law_n of_o other_o nation_n do_v severe_o restrain_v free_n though_o the_o civil_a law_n can_v enjoin_v nothing_o that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n forbid_v yet_o it_o may_v bind_v that_o which_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n leave_v free_n but_o when_o the_o civil_a law_n shall_v otherwise_o decree_v it_o than_o the_o very_a law_n of_o nature_n do_v require_v that_o we_o shall_v observe_v it_o for_o although_o the_o civil_a law_n can_v enjoin_v nothing_o that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n forbid_v nor_o forbid_v any_o thing_n that_o it_o command_v yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o may_v limit_v and_o circumscribe_v that_o which_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n leave_v free_a and_o forbid_v that_o which_o natural_o may_v be_v lawful_a and_o so_o the_o civil_a law_n may_v by_o interpose_v her_o authority_n prevent_v that_o dominion_n which_o natural_o may_v be_v acquire_v vi_o in_o time_n of_o necessity_n what_o
faciat_fw-la non_fw-la voluntas_fw-la as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o sex_n that_o make_v the_o crime_n not_o the_o will_n but_o with_o we_o what_o be_v unlawful_a for_o woman_n be_v equal_o unlawful_a for_o man_n the_o same_o yoke_n bind_v both_o to_o the_o like_a condition_n there_o be_v some_o that_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o our_o bless_a saviour_n in_o the_o forecited_n place_n objection_n namely_o mat._n 5.32_o and_o mat._n 19.9_o do_v not_o ordain_v a_o new_a law_n but_o only_o restore_v the_o old_a aledge_v for_o themselves_o the_o very_a word_n of_o our_o saviour_n which_o seem_v to_o reduce_v 〈◊〉_d to_o the_o original_a institution_n ab_fw-la initio_fw-la non_fw-la fuit_fw-la sic_fw-la from_o the_o beginning_n it_o be_v not_o so_o whereunto_o we_o may_v answer_v answer_v that_o from_o our_o first_o condition_n when_o god_n to_o one_o man_n give_v but_o one_o woman_n we_o may_v well_o collect_v what_o be_v best_a for_o man_n and_o what_o most_o acceptable_a to_o god_n and_o from_o thence_o conclude_v that_o to_o walk_v by_o the_o same_o rule_n be_v ever_o most_o safe_a and_o commendable_a but_o we_o can_v from_o thence_o infer_v that_o to_o have_v many_o wife_n be_v sinful_a for_o where_o there_o be_v no_o law_n there_o can_v be_v no_o transgression_n but_o in_o those_o time_n there_o be_v no_o such_o law_n extant_a so_o also_o when_o god_n say_v whether_o by_o adam_n or_o by_o moses_n that_o this_o league_n of_o matrimony_n be_v so_o sacred_a and_o strict_a that_o the_o husband_n be_v oblige_v to_o separate_v himself_o from_o his_o father_n house_n and_o together_o with_o his_o wife_n plant_v another_o family_n it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v say_v to_o pharaoh_n daughter_n psal_n 45.11_o forget_v also_o thy_o own_o people_n and_o thy_o father_n house_n and_o although_o we_o may_v collect_v from_o this_o strong_a consignation_n how_o acceptable_a it_o will_v be_v to_o god_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v perpetual_a yet_o it_o can_v from_o hence_o be_v evince_v that_o even_o than_o it_o be_v command_v that_o this_o knot_n shall_v not_o be_v abraham_n lib._n 1._o c._n 14._o de_fw-fr abraham_n for_o any_o cause_n whatsoever_o dissolve_v st._n ambrose_n in_o the_o case_n of_o polygamy_n distinguish_v that_o which_o god_n commend_v in_o paradise_n from_o condemn_v the_o contrary_a but_o christ_n forbid_v any_o man_n to_o separate_v those_o who_o god_n by_o his_o first_o institution_n do_v conjoin_v make_v that_o a_o matter_n worthy_a of_o his_o new_a law_n 4._o grat._n c._n 33._o q._n 4._o which_o he_o know_v to_o be_v best_a for_o man_n and_o most_o acceptable_a to_o god_n 2._o most_o nation_n tolerate_v divorce_n and_o polygamy_n de_fw-fr moribus_fw-la germ._n herodian_a l._n 2._o certain_a it_o be_v that_o most_o nation_n in_o ancient_a time_n do_v both_o indulge_v unto_o themselves_o the_o liberty_n of_o divorce_n and_o also_o of_o enjoy_v plurality_n of_o wife_n of_o all_o barbarous_a nation_n the_o german_n be_v well_o nigh_o the_o only_a people_n record_v by_o tacitus_n that_o be_v content_v with_o one_o wife_n but_o the_o persian_a indian_a and_o thracian_a history_n do_v clear_o testify_v the_o lawfulness_n among_o they_o both_o of_o polygamy_n and_o divorce_n among_o the_o egyptian_n their_o priest_n only_o be_v restrain_v to_o one_o wife_n and_o among_o the_o grecian_n as_o athenaeus_n tell_v we_o cecrops_n be_v the_o first_o that_o allow_v to_o one_o man_n but_o one_o wife_n and_o yet_o that_o this_o be_v no_o long-lived_a practice_n among_o the_o athenian_n we_o be_v teach_v by_o the_o example_n of_o socrates_n and_o other_o and_o if_o haply_o any_o people_n do_v live_v more_o abstemious_o as_o the_o roman_n who_o never_o admit_v of_o bigamy_n nor_o in_o a_o long_a time_n of_o divorce_n they_o be_v certain_o high_o to_o be_v commend_v in_o that_o they_o draw_v near_o unto_o that_o which_o be_v most_o perfect_a and_o yet_o will_v it_o not_o hence_o follow_v that_o they_o who_o do_v otherwise_o before_o the_o promulgation_n of_o the_o christian_a law_n do_v therein_o sin_n for_o as_o st._n augustine_n right_o observe_v observe_v contr._n faust_n lib._n 22_o c._n 47._o every_o nation_n have_v its_o several_a qualites_fw-la wherein_o they_o differ_v no_o less_o than_o in_o their_o peculiar_a language_n which_o disagree_v condition_n to_o govern_v apt_o no_o one_o and_o the_o same_o law_n can_v suffice_v the_o most_o high_a god_n permit_v some_o thing_n in_o the_o israelite_n for_o the_o hardness_n of_o their_o heart_n which_o be_v not_o consonant_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o perfection_n where_o therefore_o nature_n or_o custom_n have_v entertain_v a_o vicious_a yet_o not_o intolerable_a habit_n with_o so_o long_a and_o public_a approbation_n that_o the_o opposite_a virtue_n will_v seem_v as_o uncouth_a as_o it_o will_v be_v to_o walk_v naked_a in_o england_n there_o may_v a_o wise_a and_o upright_a lawgiver_n conceal_v for_o a_o while_o his_o inward_a dislike_n till_o time_n make_v way_n for_o a_o more_o complete_a reformation_n est_fw-la aliquid_fw-la prodire_fw-la tenus_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la detur_fw-la ultra_fw-la for_o want_v of_o discretion_n in_o this_o case_n the_o kingdom_n of_o congo_n in_o africa_n be_v unhappy_o divert_v from_o christianity_n which_o it_o willing_o at_o first_o embrace_v but_o afterward_o with_o great_a indignation_n reject_v for_o no_o other_o reason_n 63._o see_v rawl_n p._n 293._o see_v 2_o chron._n 30.18_o 19_o history_n of_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n p._n 63._o but_o because_o plurality_n of_o wife_n be_v i_o know_v not_o how_o necessary_o but_o i_o be_o sure_a more_o contentious_o than_o seasonable_o deny_v unto_o they_o for_o where_o a_o vice_n can_v be_v root_v out_o without_o the_o ruin_n of_o a_o state_n it_o be_v acceptable_a to_o god_n for_o a_o time_n to_o connive_v at_o it_o quando_fw-la mos_fw-la erat_fw-la crimen_fw-la non_fw-la erat_fw-la while_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n it_o be_v no_o crime_n at_o least_o not_o impute_v as_o so_o x._o what_o marriage_n be_v justifiable_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n now_o let_v we_o see_v what_o marriage_n be_v good_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o direct_v our_o judgement_n herein_o we_o must_v remember_v that_o not_o everything_o that_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v make_v void_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o appear_v by_o thing_n prodigal_o give_v away_o but_o those_o only_o wherein_o that_o principle_n be_v want_v which_o shall_v give_v life_n and_o vigour_n to_o the_o act_n or_o in_o which_o all_o its_o effect_n be_v vitiate_a and_o taint_v now_o that_o principle_n which_o give_v life_n to_o this_o and_o all_o other_o humane_a act_n be_v that_o right_n which_o we_o expound_v to_o be_v a_o moral_a power_n or_o faculty_n to_o do_v it_o together_o with_o a_o will_v sufficient_o declare_v but_o what_o will_n may_v be_v sufficient_a to_o produce_v a_o right_n we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o declare_v more_o full_o when_o we_o shall_v discourse_v of_o promise_n in_o general_n nature_n whether_o the_o consent_n of_o parent_n be_v requisite_a to_o a_o perfect_a marriage_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o concern_v this_o moral_a power_n the_o first_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o consent_n of_o parent_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n requisite_a to_o a_o perfect_a marriage_n which_o some_o affirm_v but_o herein_o they_o be_v mistake_v for_o all_o their_o argument_n do_v enforce_v no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o duty_n they_o owe_v to_o their_o parent_n to_o crave_v their_o consent_n which_o we_o shall_v easy_o grant_v they_o provide_v that_o the_o will_n of_o their_o parent_n be_v not_o manifest_o unjust_a for_o if_o child_n be_v to_o reverence_v their_o parent_n in_o all_o thing_n sure_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v it_o most_o especial_o in_o such_o thing_n wherein_o the_o whole_a nation_n be_v concern_v as_o in_o marriage_n and_o yet_o it_o can_v hence_o be_v infer_v that_o a_o son_n have_v not_o a_o moral_a right_o to_o dispose_v of_o himself_o if_o they_o consent_v not_o for_o he_o that_o marry_v aught_o to_o be_v of_o mature_a age_n and_o judgement_n and_o he_o be_v to_o forsake_v his_o father_n house_n so_o that_o he_o be_v herein_o exempt_v from_o his_o father_n domestic_a discipline_n and_o become_v from_o thence_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d master_n of_o himself_o and_o although_o the_o duty_n of_o love_n and_o reverence_n do_v oblige_v he_o to_o ask_v the_o good_a will_n of_o his_o parent_n yet_o do_v not_o the_o breach_n of_o that_o duty_n null_a the_o act_n of_o his_o marriage_n that_o the_o roman_n and_o such_o other_o nation_n do_v make_v void_a such_o marriage_n be_v not_o from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o from_o the_o will_n of_o their_o lawmaker_n for_o by_o the_o same_o law_n the_o mother_n to_o who_o
a_o intestate_a to_o who_o it_o natural_o descend_v dominion_n be_v once_o introduce_v that_o which_o natural_o guide_v the_o succession_n to_o the_o estate_n of_o a_o person_n die_v intestate_a set_v aside_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v our_o conjecture_n at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o decease_a for_o see_v that_o the_o force_n of_o dominion_n be_v such_o that_o it_o may_v be_v transfer_v at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o right_a owner_n unto_o another_o therefore_o in_o case_n a_o man_n die_v possess_v of_o a_o estate_n leave_v nothing_o to_o testify_v his_o mind_n after_o his_o death_n because_o it_o be_v not_o credible_a that_o he_o will_v leave_v it_o to_o he_o that_o can_v next_o catch_v it_o therefore_o shall_v it_o succeed_v to_o he_o to_o who_o it_o be_v probable_a he_o will_v have_v leave_v it_o have_v he_o live_v to_o have_v declare_v it_o defunctorum_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la intellexisse_fw-la pro_fw-la jure_fw-la est_fw-la say_v pliny_n junior_n to_o have_v understand_v the_o will_n of_o the_o decease_a be_v sufficient_a to_o create_v a_o right_n now_o to_o the_o dead_a this_o favour_n be_v indulge_v that_o in_o case_n that_o be_v doubtful_a it_o be_v presume_v that_o every_o man_n will_v do_v that_o which_o be_v most_o just_a and_o honest_a whereof_o in_o the_o first_o place_n be_v the_o payment_n of_o his_o just_a debt_n and_o in_o the_o next_o that_o which_o though_o not_o due_a yet_o be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o our_o duty_n and_o therefore_o what_o be_v commit_v to_o a_o man_n trust_n may_v be_v restore_v say_v paulus_n the_o person_n die_v intestate_a that_o trust_v it_o to_o those_o that_o succeed_v he_o because_o it_o may_v be_v believe_v that_o his_o will_n be_v free_o to_o leave_v the_o lawful_a inheritance_n unto_o they_o iv_o whether_o parent_n do_v owe_v unto_o their_o child_n any_o part_n of_o their_o good_n it_o be_v much_o controvert_v by_o lawyer_n whether_o parent_n may_v be_v say_v to_o owe_v their_o child_n aliment_n some_o of_o they_o hold_v 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therefore_o be_v the_o mother_n bind_v to_o nourish_v the_o child_n that_o have_v no_o certain_a father_n bastard_n the_o roman_a law_n make_v no_o provision_n for_o bastard_n and_o though_o the_o roman_a law_n make_v no_o provision_n for_o child_n ex_fw-la damnato_fw-la legibus_fw-la concubitu_fw-la that_o be_v illegitimate_a and_o that_o by_o solon_n law_n it_o be_v provide_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v leave_v any_o thing_n to_o his_o natural_a issue_n yet_o do_v the_o canon_n of_o our_o religion_n correct_v the_o severity_n of_o these_o law_n by_o teach_v we_o that_o our_o child_n however_o beget_v by_o we_o shall_v be_v a_o part_n of_o our_o care_n and_o that_o in_o case_n it_o be_v needful_a they_o beyond_o necessary_n no_o man_n bind_v to_o provide_v for_o they_o we_o ought_v to_o leave_v they_o enough_o to_o preserve_v that_o life_n which_o we_o give_v they_o but_o beyond_o necessary_n be_v no_o man_n bind_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o provide_v for_o they_o neither_o 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neglect_v to_o perceive_v four_o that_o he_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o make_v good_a that_o which_o he_o neglect_v to_o perceive_v because_o he_o neither_o have_v the_o thing_n itself_o nor_o any_o thing_n that_o succeed_v in_o the_o place_n of_o it_o vii_o nor_o those_o that_o he_o have_v give_v away_o this_o explain_v five_o if_o such_o a_o possessor_n shall_v give_v to_o another_o that_o which_o be_v give_v to_o he_o he_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o restore_v it_o unless_o in_o case_n he_o have_v not_o give_v that_o he_o must_v have_v give_v as_o much_o other_o way_n by_o spare_v which_o he_o be_v so_o much_o the_o rich_a six_o if_o he_o sell_v the_o thing_n he_o buy_v he_o be_v not_o oblige_v unless_o it_o be_v for_o the_o overplus_n of_o the_o price_n it_o be_v buy_v for_o but_o if_o he_o sell_v the_o thing_n that_o be_v give_v he_o be_v bind_v to_o restore_v the_o price_n unless_o he_o have_v prodigal_o spend_v it_o which_o have_v it_o not_o be_v so_o give_v he_o have_v not_o so_o 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intent_n to_o restore_v it_o to_o the_o owner_n in_o which_o case_n actionem_fw-la negotiorum_fw-la actionem_fw-la that_o a_o action_n of_o negotiation_n may_v arise_v as_o there_o be_v some_o that_o affirm_v so_o there_o be_v other_o that_o deny_v for_o such_o a_o action_n arise_v from_o the_o civil_a law_n neither_o have_v it_o any_o of_o those_o ground_n or_o principle_n whereupon_o nature_n introduce_v this_o obligation_n not_o much_o unlike_a be_v that_o which_o ulpian_n relate_v of_o funeral_n charge_n wherein_o a_o prudent_a judge_n do_v not_o always_o walk_v by_o the_o same_o rule_n as_o in_o mere_a action_n of_o negotiation_n but_o give_v himself_o a_o loose_a rein_v which_o the_o nature_n of_o such_o a_o action_n will_v very_o well_o bear_v and_o that_o which_o the_o same_o ulpian_n in_o another_o place_n say_v if_o any_o man_n mis-wage_a my_o affair_n not_o so_o much_o regard_v i_o as_o his_o own_o profit_n and_o shall_v disburse_v money_n in_o so_o do_v he_o shall_v recover_v by_o his_o action_n not_o according_a to_o what_o he_o lay_v out_o but_o according_a to_o the_o benefit_n that_o i_o receive_v by_o it_o so_o the_o owner_n of_o such_o good_n as_o in_o a_o tempest_n to_o secure_v the_o rest_n be_v cast_v overboard_o shall_v recover_v a_o part_n of_o their_o loss_n from_o those_o who_o good_n remain_v entire_a because_o he_o who_o good_n be_v so_o preserve_v by_o the_o loss_n of_o i_o be_v by_o my_o damage_n make_v the_o rich_a x._o another_o man_n good_n be_v sell_v can_v be_v restore_v but_o to_o the_o right_a owner_n eight_o he_o that_o buy_v another_o man_n good_n can_v restore_v they_o back_o to_o he_o that_o sell_v they_o to_o recover_v the_o price_n he_o pay_v for_o they_o because_o as_o soon_o as_o those_o good_n do_v come_v under_o his_o power_n as_o we_o say_v already_o the_o obligation_n begin_v to_o restore_v they_o to_o the_o right_a owner_n xi_o where_o the_o right_a owner_n be_v not_o know_v we_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o restitution_n nine_o he_o that_o be_v possess_v of_o a_o thing_n and_o be_v ignorant_a who_o it_o be_v be_v not_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n bind_v to_o give_v it_o to_o the_o poor_a though_o it_o be_v very_o pious_a so_o to_o do_v and_o in_o many_o place_n be_v well_o order_v to_o be_v so_o dispose_v the_o reason_n be_v because_o by_o the_o right_n of_o propriety_n no_o man_n can_v claim_v a_o interest_n in_o it_o but_o the_o proprietor_n but_o to_o he_o that_o be_v ignorant_a who_o that_o be_v it_o be_v all_o one_o as_o if_o it_o have_v none_o for_o de_fw-fr non_fw-la entibus_fw-la &_o non_fw-la apparentibus_fw-la eadem_fw-la est_fw-la ratio_fw-la of_o thing_n that_o be_v not_o and_o of_o thing_n that_o appear_v not_o there_o be_v the_o same_o reason_n as_o to_o he_o to_o who_o they_o appear_v not_o xii_o what_o be_v receive_v if_o due_a whether_o the_o cause_n be_v honest_a or_o dishonest_a be_v not_o to_o be_v restore_v natural_o ten_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n whatsoever_o be_v receive_v which_o another_o be_v bind_v to_o pay_v be_v the_o ground_n of_o that_o obligation_n honest_a or_o dishonest_a be_v not_o to_o be_v restore_v although_o even_o this_o also_o be_v introduce_v by_o some_o law_n and_o that_o not_o without_o cause_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v because_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o no_o man_n be_v oblige_v to_o restitution_n unless_o that_o thing_n belong_v to_o another_o man_n but_o in_o this_o case_n he_o that_o be_v the_o right_a owner_n before_o have_v willing_o transfer_v his_o right_n to_o another_o but_o it_o will_v be_v another_o thing_n where_o the_o manner_n of_o receive_v it_o be_v vicious_a as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o extortion_n for_o this_o be_v another_o kind_n of_o obligation_n whereof_o we_o discourse_v not_o at_o present_a 54._o present_a vid._n st._n aug._n ep._n 54._o xiii_o the_o opinion_n confute_v that_o hold_v that_o thing_n consist_v in_o number_n weight_n and_o measure_n may_v be_v transfer_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o owner_n neither_o be_v that_o true_a which_o be_v deliver_v by_o medina_n namely_o that_o the_o property_n of_o other_o man_n good_n may_v come_v unto_o we_o without_o the_o owner_n consent_n in_o case_n they_o be_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v usual_o value_v by_o weight_n number_n or_o measure_n for_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n may_v be_v restore_v in_o other_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n which_o be_v true_a if_o it_o be_v do_v with_o consent_n or_o if_o either_o by_o law_n or_o custom_n such_o a_o consent_n may_v be_v reasonable_o presume_v as_o when_o we_o restore_v what_o we_o borrow_v or_o when_o the_o thing_n itself_o be_v spend_v or_o consume_v we_o restore_v the_o like_a in_o quantity_n and_o quality_n but_o without_o such_o a_o consent_n either_o express_v or_o presume_v and_o set_v aside_o case_n of_o necessity_n this_o give_v of_o one_o thing_n for_o another_o be_v not_o to_o be_v allow_v of_o chap._n xi_o of_o promise_n i._o that_o natural_o a_o right_o may_v arise_v from_o promise_n the_o contrary_a opinion_n refute_v ii_o a_o bare_a assertion_n oblige_v not_o iii_o that_o natural_o a_o single_a promise_n oblige_v but_o from_o thence_o no_o right_n accrue_v to_o another_o iu._n what_o that_o promise_n be_v from_o whence_o a_o right_a arise_v to_o another_o v._o first_n it_o be_v require_v that_o the_o promiser_n have_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n distinguish_v from_o the_o civil_a law_n about_o minor_n vi_o a_o promise_v make_v through_o error_n whether_o it_o oblige_v natural_o and_o how_o far_o vii_o a_o promise_v make_v out_o of_o fear_n bind_v yet_o be_v he_o that_o cause_v that_o fear_v bind_v to_o remit_v the_o promiser_n viii_o that_o the_o promise_n be_v
have_v promise_v but_o to_o clear_v this_o yet_o better_a we_o must_v careful_o distinguish_v between_o the_o three_o degree_n of_o speak_v concern_v thing_n to_o come_v which_o either_o be_v or_o at_o least_o be_v repute_v to_o be_v hereafter_o in_o our_o own_o power_n ii_o 1._o that_o a_o bare_a assertion_n oblige_v not_o the_o first_o consist_v in_o a_o bare_a assertion_n of_o what_o we_o purpose_v for_o the_o future_a thing_n thus_o stand_v and_o in_o the_o same_o mind_n we_o now_o be_v and_o hereunto_o it_o be_v require_v that_o we_o speak_v sincere_o and_o without_o guile_n what_o at_o that_o present_a time_n we_o think_v but_o not_o with_o any_o resolution_n to_o continue_v in_o that_o thought_n if_o the_o face_n of_o thing_n change_v or_o if_o other_o chance_n happen_v which_o though_o we_o then_o foresee_v not_o yet_o may_v otherwise_o incline_v we_o for_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n have_v not_o only_o a_o natural_a power_n 12._o see_v q._n elizabeth_n deal_n with_o the_o hollander_n b._n 2._o c._n 14._o §._o 12._o but_o a_o right_n and_o freedom_n to_o alter_v its_o counsel_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o weakness_n or_o error_n in_o the_o change_n as_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o be_v not_o intrinsic_a to_o the_o change_n but_o to_o the_o matter_n in_o that_o we_o change_v from_o the_o better_a to_o the_o worse_o iii_o 2._o a_o promise_n though_o natural_o oblige_v yet_o transfer_v no_o right_a to_o another_o the_o second_o degree_n be_v when_o the_o will_n confine_v itself_o for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v give_v some_o sign_n whereby_o the_o necessity_n of_o its_o perseverance_n be_v sufficient_o declare_v and_o this_o may_v be_v call_v a_o pollicitation_n or_o a_o promise_n which_o set_v aside_o the_o civil_a law_n oblige_v either_o absolute_o or_o under_o some_o condition_n yet_o give_v no_o peculiar_a right_n to_o another_o for_o in_o many_o case_n it_o happen_v that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o obligation_n within_o ourselves_o when_o there_o be_v no_o right_o give_v to_o another_o as_o may_v appear_v by_o those_o debt_n of_o mercy_n and_o gratitude_n whereunto_o we_o may_v refer_v those_o of_o constancy_n and_o fidelity_n and_o therefore_o no_o man_n can_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n require_v the_o thing_n promise_v from_o the_o right_a owner_n by_o virtue_n of_o such_o a_o pollicitation_n nor_o can_v the_o promiser_n be_v compel_v by_o that_o law_n to_o perform_v what_o he_o have_v so_o promise_v iv_o 3._o what_o that_o promise_n be_v that_o give_v a_o right_a to_o another_o three_o when_o the_o will_n to_o the_o confinement_n add_v some_o outward_a sign_n whereby_o its_o consent_n to_o transfer_v its_o own_o proper_a right_n to_o another_o be_v sufficient_o declare_v which_o be_v a_o complete_a promise_n as_o have_v the_o like_a effect_n to_o the_o alienation_n of_o a_o man_n property_n for_o it_o be_v the_o way_n to_o alienate_v a_o thing_n or_o at_o least_o the_o alienation_n of_o some_o part_n of_o our_o liberty_n or_o freedom_n unto_o the_o former_a belong_v our_o promise_n to_o give_v unto_o the_o latter_a our_o promise_n to_o do_v something_o and_o hereof_o the_o scripture_n do_v give_v we_o a_o notable_a example_n where_o they_o tell_v we_o that_o god_n himself_o who_o can_v be_v bind_v by_o any_o law_n yet_o profess_v it_o to_o be_v contrary_a to_o his_o own_o nature_n not_o to_o perform_v what_o he_o promise_v 6.1_o neh._n 9.8_o 1_o cor._n 1.19.10.13_o prov._n 6.1_o heb._n 6.17_o 18._o from_o whence_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o to_o perform_v our_o promise_n be_v a_o duty_n spring_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o immutable_a justice_n which_o as_o it_o be_v in_o god_n so_o be_v it_o in_o some_o measure_n common_a to_o all_o such_o as_o have_v the_o use_n of_o right_a reason_n let_v we_o hear_v the_o opinion_n of_o solomon_n in_o this_o case_n my_o son_n if_o thou_o have_v be_v surety_n for_o thy_o friend_n thou_o have_v give_v thy_o faith_n to_o a_o stranger_n or_o as_o the_o septuagint_n translate_v it_o to_o thy_o enemy_n thou_o be_v ensnare_v by_o the_o word_n of_o thy_o mouth_n thou_o be_v take_v and_o bind_v by_o thy_o own_o speech_n whereunto_o may_v be_v add_v that_o of_o thales_n the_o philosopher_n est_fw-la stipulatus_fw-la &_o sponsio_fw-la be_v such_o promise_v as_o be_v make_v with_o solemnity_n numb_a 30.4_o 5_o 6._o vox_fw-la mea_fw-la facta_fw-la tua_fw-la est_fw-la sponde_v noxa_fw-la presto_fw-it est_fw-la engage_v free_o and_o thou_o be_v not_o far_o from_o harm_n and_o that_o also_o of_o chilo_n sponsioni_fw-la non_fw-la deest_fw-la jactura_fw-la engagement_n be_v seldom_o make_v to_o loss_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o jew_n term_v a_o promise_n vinculum_fw-la a_o bond_n which_o also_o in_o the_o scripture_n be_v compare_v to_o a_o vow_n as_o if_o by_o vow_n and_o promise_v we_o do_v contract_v as_o it_o be_v with_o god_n himself_o from_o the_o same_o root_n arise_v the_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o likewise_o signify_v a_o promise_n namely_o from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v to_o have_v or_o to_o hold_v because_o he_o to_o who_o any_o thing_n be_v promise_v do_v hold_v fast_o and_o as_o it_o be_v bound_v the_o promiser_n these_o thing_n promise_v connanus_n his_o argument_n be_v easy_o answer_v for_o what_o the_o lawyer_n say_v de_fw-fr nudo_fw-la pacto_fw-la non_fw-la oritur_fw-la actio_fw-la a_o bare_a promise_n will_v bear_v no_o action_n have_v respect_n only_o to_o what_o be_v introduce_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n which_o make_v stipulation_n to_o be_v a_o infallible_a sign_n of_o a_o deliberate_a mind_n paulus_n the_o lawyer_n speak_v very_o wary_o of_o such_o promise_n 14._o sent._n lib._n 2._o tit_n 14._o if_o say_v he_o we_o make_v a_o bare_a promise_n to_o pay_v use_n it_o avail_v nothing_o for_o among_o roman_a citizen_n no_o action_n arise_v from_o a_o bare_a promise_n the_o like_a law_n we_o grant_v to_o be_v in_o force_n among_o other_o nation_n quae_fw-la lex_fw-la ad_fw-la id_fw-la praestandum_fw-la nos_fw-la quod_fw-la alicui_fw-la promisimus_fw-la 19_o de_fw-fr promisso_fw-la non_fw-la sponso_fw-la jam_fw-la non_fw-la promittunt_fw-la de_fw-fr te_fw-la sed_fw-la spondent_fw-la seneca_n ep._n 19_o obligat_fw-la what_o law_n say_v seneca_n bind_v we_o to_o perform_v all_o our_o promise_n where_o he_o speak_v of_o humane_a law_n and_o of_o rash_a and_o inconsiderate_a promise_n but_o if_o we_o respect_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n only_o there_o may_v be_v other_o sign_n of_o a_o mind_n perfect_o resolve_v beside_o that_o which_o the_o roman_n introduce_v by_o stipulation_n or_o if_o there_o be_v any_o other_o such_o like_a which_o the_o civil_a law_n require_v to_o beget_v a_o action_n but_o as_o to_o that_o promise_n which_o be_v make_v rash_o and_o without_o due_a consideration_n neither_o do_v we_o admit_v it_o to_o have_v any_o oblige_a power_n as_o theophrastus_n have_v well_o observe_v yea_o and_o as_o to_o that_o which_o be_v deliberate_o do_v but_o not_o with_o a_o purpose_n thereby_o to_o transfer_v our_o own_o proper_a right_n to_o another_o not_o rash_n promise_n bound_v not_o we_o deny_v that_o from_o thence_o there_o arise_v natural_o a_o right_a to_o any_o man_n to_o exact_v the_o performance_n of_o it_o although_o we_o do_v acknowledge_v that_o from_o such_o a_o promise_n there_o may_v arise_v a_o obligation_n not_o in_o honesty_n alone_o but_o in_o a_o moral_a necessity_n to_o do_v it_o and_o as_o to_o that_o of_o cicero_n we_o shall_v treat_v hereafter_o when_o we_o shall_v discourse_v of_o the_o manner_n how_o contract_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v but_o now_o let_v we_o see_v what_o condition_n be_v require_v to_o make_v a_o promise_n valid_a v._o to_o make_v a_o promise_n complete_a the_o use_n of_o reason_n be_v require_v in_o the_o promiser_n and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o he_o that_o promise_v shall_v be_v endue_v with_o reason_n which_o render_v the_o promise_n of_o madman_n idiot_n and_o infant_n void_a and_o of_o no_o force_n but_o the_o case_n of_o minor_n be_v somewhat_o different_a for_o although_o they_o be_v believe_v to_o be_v but_o of_o weak_a judgement_n as_o woman_n also_o be_v yet_o neither_o be_v this_o weakness_n of_o judgement_n last_v nor_o be_v it_o of_o itself_o sufficient_a to_o invalid_a their_o act_n at_o what_o year_n a_o young_a man_n or_o woman_n arrive_v at_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n can_v certain_o be_v determine_v but_o must_v be_v guess_v at_o either_o by_o their_o daily_a action_n or_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o every_o nation_n among_o the_o jew_n a_o young_a man_n after_o thirteen_o year_n of_o age_n may_v oblige_v himself_o by_o any_o solemn_a promise_v he_o shall_v make_v and_o a_o young_a woman_n after_o twelve_o but_o the_o civil_a law_n upon_o better_a reason_n think_v good_a to_o make_v void_a many_o
of_o their_o promise_n not_o only_o among_o the_o roman_n but_o among_o the_o grecian_n and_o against_o some_o they_o introduce_v the_o benefit_n of_o restitution_n but_o these_o be_v the_o peculiar_a effect_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o do_v no_o whit_n appertain_v to_o the_o law_n either_o of_o nature_n or_o nation_n except_o only_o in_o this_o that_o where_o they_o be_v receive_v it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o nature_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v observe_v insomuch_o that_o if_o a_o foreigner_n shall_v contract_v with_o a_o citizen_n he_o shall_v be_v bind_v up_o by_o the_o law_n of_o that_o city_n as_o if_o he_o be_v for_o that_o time_n a_o subject_a of_o that_o nation_n but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o in_o case_n such_o a_o contract_n be_v make_v either_o on_o the_o sea_n or_o in_o some_o desert_a island_n or_o by_o letter_n between_o two_o person_n inhabit_v diverse_a nation_n for_o then_o such_o agreement_n shall_v be_v regulate_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n only_o as_o be_v the_o agreement_n make_v between_o such_o as_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o supreme_a power_n as_o they_o be_v such_o for_o in_o these_o what_o they_o do_v private_o may_v by_o their_o law_n be_v make_v void_a when_o it_o be_v do_v in_o favour_n to_o those_o power_n but_o not_o when_o do_v to_o their_o punishment_n vi_o a_o promise_v make_v through_o error_n how_o far_o natural_o it_o oblige_v concern_v a_o promise_n make_v by_o a_o error_n or_o mistake_n in_o the_o person_n promise_v the_o question_n be_v yet_o more_o difficult_a for_o we_o be_v to_o distinguish_v between_o that_o error_n which_o be_v about_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o thing_n promise_v and_o that_o which_o concern_v not_o the_o substance_n and_o then_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v whether_o the_o fraud_n give_v occasion_n to_o the_o promise_n or_o not_o again_o whether_o he_o with_o who_o we_o have_v to_o do_v be_v guilty_a of_o the_o fraud_n or_o not_o and_o last_o whether_o the_o act_n be_v strict_o due_a or_o bind_v only_o in_o honesty_n and_o conscience_n for_o the_o opinion_n of_o lawyer_n do_v vary_v according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o these_o case_n declare_v some_o act_n to_o be_v void_a and_o other_o valid_a but_o so_o that_o according_a to_o his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n that_o be_v injure_v the_o promise_n may_v be_v either_o revoke_v or_o reform_v but_o most_o of_o these_o distinction_n proceed_v from_o the_o roman_a law_n as_o well_o from_o the_o old_a civil_a law_n as_o from_o the_o praetorian_a and_o some_o of_o they_o be_v either_o not_o altogether_o true_a or_o not_o well_o digest_v but_o yet_o it_o suffice_v to_o chalk_v out_o a_o way_n for_o we_o to_o find_v out_o the_o natural_a truth_n for_o as_o concern_v the_o force_n and_o efficacy_n of_o law_n this_o have_v ever_o be_v allow_v of_o by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o almost_o all_o nation_n that_o when_o a_o law_n be_v enact_v upon_o the_o presumption_n of_o such_o a_o fact_n as_o be_v not_o real_o so_o do_v as_o be_v suggest_v and_o believe_v that_o law_n be_v not_o oblige_v because_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o fact_n fail_v the_o foundation_n of_o that_o law_n fail_v with_o it_o but_o when_o a_o law_n be_v ground_v upon_o such_o a_o presumption_n may_v be_v gather_v from_o the_o matter_n of_o that_o law_n from_o the_o word_n and_o from_o other_o circumstance_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v in_o this_o case_n if_o a_o promise_v be_v make_v upon_o the_o belief_n of_o such_o a_o fact_n as_o indeed_o never_o be_v do_v that_o promise_v natural_o be_v of_o no_o force_n because_o the_o promiser_n do_v not_o give_v his_o consent_n absolute_o to_o the_o thing_n promise_v but_o upon_o such_o a_o condition_n if_o not_o express_v yet_o presume_v as_o real_o be_v not_o as_o in_o that_o case_n mention_v by_o cicero_n of_o he_o who_o false_o believe_v his_o own_o son_n to_o be_v dead_a appoint_v a_o stranger_n to_o be_v his_o heir_n and_o yet_o in_o case_n the_o promiser_n be_v neglective_a either_o in_o his_o diligence_n to_o examine_v and_o search_v out_o the_o truth_n of_o his_o son_n death_n or_o in_o his_o care_n of_o express_v his_o own_o sense_n and_o do_v thereby_o occasion_n any_o damage_n to_o the_o person_n to_o who_o he_o make_v that_o promise_n he_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o repair_v it_o not_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o his_o promise_n make_v but_o for_o the_o damage_n which_o through_o his_o neglect_n be_v sustain_v by_o he_o to_o who_o it_o be_v make_v whereof_o we_o shall_v speak_v more_o anon_o but_o if_o there_o be_v a_o error_n or_o mistake_n in_o the_o person_n promise_v and_o yet_o that_o error_n be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o promise_v make_v the_o act_n shall_v be_v valid_a because_o there_o be_v nothing_o want_v of_o a_o true_a consent_n but_o if_o in_o this_o case_n also_o the_o person_n to_o who_o the_o promise_n be_v make_v do_v by_o any_o fraud_n of_o he_o direct_o or_o indirect_o occasion_n that_o error_n what_o damage_n soever_o shall_v accrue_v to_o the_o promiser_n by_o reason_n of_o that_o error_n shall_v be_v by_o he_o repair_v but_o if_o the_o promise_n be_v but_o in_o part_n occasion_v by_o a_o error_n then_o as_o to_o the_o other_o part_n the_o promise_n shall_v stand_v good_a vii_o a_o promise_v make_v through_o fear_n oblige_v concern_v those_o promise_n that_o be_v make_v through_o fear_n question_n do_v arise_v no_o less_o perpiext_n for_o herein_o they_o do_v usual_o distinguish_v of_o fear_n which_o be_v either_o great_a and_o vehement_a or_o light_n and_o slender_a if_o great_a than_o they_o consider_v whether_o it_o be_v so_o absolute_o or_o in_o respect_n only_o of_o the_o person_n fear_v then_o whether_o it_o be_v occasion_v just_o or_o unjust_o and_o whether_o by_o he_o to_o who_o the_o promise_n be_v make_v or_o by_o some_o other_o as_o also_o they_o distinguish_v of_o the_o act_n whether_o free_a and_o generous_a or_o grievous_a and_o burdensome_a and_o according_a to_o this_o diversity_n be_v some_o act_n say_v to_o be_v void_a other_o revocable_a at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o promiser_n and_o other_o to_o be_v whole_o renew_v concern_v every_o one_o of_o these_o case_n there_o be_v great_a difference_n in_o opinion_n but_o i_o do_v whole_o incline_v to_o those_o who_o hold_v that_o set_v aside_o that_o authority_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o sometime_o take_v away_o and_o sometime_o moderate_v the_o bind_a power_n of_o such_o promise_n he_o that_o promise_v any_o thing_n through_o fear_n be_v oblige_v to_o perform_v what_o he_o have_v so_o promise_v because_o the_o consent_n he_o give_v be_v not_o conditional_a as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o error_n but_o absolute_a for_o as_o aristotle_n well_o observe_v he_o that_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v shipwrack_v throw_v his_o good_n overboard_o 3._o eth._n nic._n 3._o will_v willing_o preserve_v they_o on_o condition_n that_o he_o may_v not_o be_v wreck_v but_o upon_o a_o serious_a consideration_n of_o the_o present_a danger_n he_o be_v in_o he_o absolute_o resolve_v that_o his_o good_n rather_o than_o himself_o shall_v perish_v but_o yet_o we_o must_v also_o crave_v this_o allowance_n that_o if_o he_o to_o who_o the_o promise_n be_v make_v do_v occasion_n not_o a_o just_a but_o a_o unjust_a fear_n though_o but_o slight_a and_o that_o thereupon_o the_o promise_n be_v so_o make_v he_o be_v bind_v to_o discharge_v the_o promiser_n if_o he_o desire_v it_o not_o that_o the_o promise_n be_v in_o itself_o void_a but_o for_o the_o damage_n that_o he_o sustain_v who_o make_v it_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o injury_n do_v he_o 1._o see_v chap._n 17.6.19_o and_o p._n 3._o ch_n 19_o §._o 1._o but_o what_o exception_n the_o law_n of_o nation_n admit_v herein_o shall_v in_o its_o proper_a place_n be_v hereafter_o explain_v but_o that_o some_o act_n be_v rescind_v which_o be_v make_v through_o fear_n be_v occasion_v not_o by_o he_o with_o who_o we_o have_v to_o do_v but_o by_o another_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o do_v often_o either_o null_a or_o revoke_v act_n though_o free_o do_v if_o they_o that_o do_v they_o be_v of_o weak_a judgement_n seneca_n argue_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n when_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o whatsoever_o either_o force_n or_o fear_n or_o necessity_n make_v we_o to_o grant_v 26._o lib._n 4._o cont_n 26._o may_v be_v revoke_v if_o that_o force_n or_o necessity_n be_v impose_v on_o we_o by_o he_o to_o who_o the_o grant_n be_v make_v but_o what_o say_v he_o be_v that_o to_o i_o what_o thou_o be_v compel_v or_o necessitate_v to_o do_v if_o not_o by_o i_o meam_fw-la culpam_fw-la oportet_fw-la esse_fw-la ut_fw-la mea_fw-la poena_fw-la sit_fw-la it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o fault_n shall_v be_v my_o own_o
the_o ship_n and_o the_o good_n that_o be_v therein_o transport_v fourteen_o to_o a_o good_a promise_n acceptation_n be_v requisite_a a_o pretend_v demand_n argue_v a_o acceptance_n if_o no_o alteration_n appear_v but_o that_o a_o promise_n shall_v transfer_v a_o right_n in_o the_o thing_n promise_v the_o acceptance_n of_o he_o to_o who_o it_o be_v promise_v be_v no_o less_o requisite_a than_o it_o be_v in_o the_o case_n aforesaid_a of_o alienation_n and_o herein_o tertullian_n in_o his_o book_n of_o fast_n speak_v like_o a_o civilian_n votum_fw-la cum_fw-la à _fw-la deo_fw-la acceptatum_fw-la est_fw-la legem_fw-la in_o posterum_fw-la facit_fw-la a_o vow_n though_o free_o make_v yet_o when_o it_o be_v by_o god_n accept_v be_v as_o bind_v as_o a_o law_n and_o here_o also_o a_o precede_a demand_n of_o a_o thing_n promise_v if_o no_o alteration_n appear_v shall_v be_v judge_v a_o acceptance_n neither_o do_v that_o which_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v introduce_v concern_v such_o promise_n as_o be_v make_v to_o city_n hinder_v this_o which_o notwithstanding_o have_v so_o far_o prevail_v with_o some_o that_o they_o hold_v that_o the_o sole_a act_n of_o the_o promiser_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n sufficient_a to_o transfer_v a_o right_n for_o the_o roman_a law_n say_v not_o that_o the_o promise_n be_v full_o complete_a and_o of_o force_n before_o it_o be_v accept_v but_o that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o revoke_v such_o a_o promise_n but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v always_o accept_v which_o effect_n be_v not_o from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o mere_o from_o the_o civil_a law_n not_o much_o unlike_a unto_o that_o which_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n have_v introduce_v in_o favour_n to_o infant_n idiot_n and_o madman_n for_o for_o these_o as_o the_o will_n and_o purpose_n of_o possess_v thing_n that_o be_v gain_v by_o occupancy_n so_o the_o will_n and_o purpose_n to_o accept_v of_o thing_n promise_v create_v a_o right_a xv._o whether_o it_o be_v requisite_a that_o the_o acceptation_n shall_v be_v make_v know_v to_o the_o promiser_n it_o be_v also_o sometime_o controvert_v whether_o to_o make_v a_o promise_n full_o effective_a it_o be_v requisite_a that_o the_o thing_n promise_v be_v not_o only_o accept_v but_o that_o the_o acceptance_n be_v also_o make_v know_v to_o the_o promiser_n before_o it_o can_v obtain_v its_o full_a effect_n and_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o either_o way_n the_o promise_v make_v may_v be_v bind_v as_o for_o example_n either_o thus_o this_o will_v i_o do_v if_o it_o shall_v be_v accept_v or_o thus_o this_o i_o will_v do_v if_o i_o shall_v understand_v that_o it_o will_v be_v accept_v and_o if_o the_o promise_n do_v imply_v a_o mutual_a obligation_n on_o both_o side_n than_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o the_o latter_a sense_n but_o if_o the_o promise_v be_v free_a and_o spontaneous_a than_o it_o be_v best_o to_o believe_v that_o it_o be_v mean_v in_o the_o former_a sense_n unless_o it_o shall_v appear_v otherwise_o xvi_o whether_o a_o promise_v make_v may_v be_v revoke_v before_o it_o be_v accept_v again_o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o such_o a_o promise_v make_v before_o acceptance_n for_o till_o than_o no_o right_n pass_v may_v be_v revoke_v without_o the_o imputation_n of_o either_o injustice_n yea_o or_o levity_n if_o it_o be_v real_o so_o intend_v when_o make_v that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v of_o force_n till_o it_o be_v accept_v so_o till_o then_o it_o can_v transfer_v no_o right_n it_o may_v also_o be_v revoke_v in_o case_n the_o person_n shall_v die_v to_o who_o such_o a_o promise_n be_v make_v before_o he_o have_v accept_v of_o it_o because_o the_o acceptance_n be_v refer_v to_o his_o own_o choice_n and_o not_o to_o his_o heir_n for_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o be_v willing_a to_o give_v away_o my_o right_n to_o such_o a_o man_n to_o be_v by_o he_o transfer_v to_o his_o heir_n and_o another_o thing_n to_o be_v willing_a to_o give_v it_o unto_o his_o heir_n immediate_o it_o be_v very_o material_a to_o consider_v on_o who_o we_o bestow_v a_o benefit_n of_o this_o opinion_n be_v neratius_n who_o can_v not_o believe_v that_o a_o prince_n will_v have_v grant_v that_o to_o he_o be_v dead_a which_o he_o have_v grant_v unto_o he_o believe_v he_o to_o be_v alive_a xvii_o whether_o it_o may_v be_v revoke_v if_o the_o party_n die_v who_o be_v authorize_v to_o make_v it_o explain_v a_o promise_n may_v also_o be_v revoke_v upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o person_n who_o be_v authoze_v to_o make_v it_o because_o the_o bind_a power_n be_v in_o his_o word_n but_o not_o so_o if_o the_o grant_v be_v send_v by_o a_o messenger_n or_o a_o carrier_n because_o the_o oblige_a power_n be_v not_o in_o he_o but_o in_o the_o instrument_n he_o carry_v and_o therefore_o those_o letter_n import_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o party_n may_v be_v convey_v by_o any_o man_n we_o must_v also_o distinguish_v between_o he_o that_o be_v depute_v only_o to_o signify_v the_o promise_n we_o make_v and_o he_o that_o be_v authorize_v by_o we_o to_o make_v that_o promise_n himself_o in_o the_o former_a case_n a_o revocation_n shall_v take_v place_n although_o it_o be_v not_o so_o express_v to_o he_o that_o carry_v the_o promise_n or_o grant_v in_o the_o latter_a case_n the_o revocation_n be_v of_o no_o force_n because_o the_o oblige_a power_n depend_v upon_o the_o will_n of_o he_o that_o be_v send_v to_o make_v it_o who_o if_o he_o do_v make_v it_o while_o it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n so_o to_o do_v that_o be_v before_o the_o revocation_n be_v make_v know_v unto_o he_o the_o grant_n shall_v be_v valid_a and_o the_o person_n that_o make_v it_o justify_v so_o also_o in_o the_o former_a case_n though_o the_o donor_n die_v yet_o may_v the_o gift_n be_v accept_v as_o be_v on_o his_o part_n perfect_a and_o complete_a although_o subject_n to_o a_o revocation_n which_o be_v apparent_a in_o ambassador_n but_o in_o the_o latter_a case_n it_o can_v because_o the_o gift_n be_v not_o actual_o give_v but_o only_o command_v to_o be_v give_v but_o where_o the_o matter_n will_v admit_v of_o a_o debate_n it_o may_v be_v presume_v that_o the_o will_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v that_o his_o command_n shall_v be_v execute_v unless_o some_o great_a alteration_n shall_v happen_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n as_o namely_o the_o death_n of_o the_o person_n command_v it_o be_v true_a there_o may_v be_v many_o conjecture_n that_o may_v be_v of_o force_n to_o persuade_v we_o to_o think_v otherwise_o which_o may_v easy_o be_v admit_v that_o so_o what_o be_v in_o a_o good_a cause_n command_v to_o be_v give_v may_v notwithstanding_o abide_v with_o we_o and_o thus_o may_v that_o question_n that_o have_v be_v heretofore_o mute_v be_v answer_v whether_o the_o heir_n of_o he_o that_o be_v so_o command_v may_v be_v sue_v at_o law_n xviii_o whether_o a_o promise_v be_v revocable_a after_o it_o have_v be_v accept_v of_o by_o another_o controversy_n also_o do_v usual_o happen_v concern_v the_o accept_n of_o a_o thing_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o another_o wherein_o also_o we_o must_v distinguish_v between_o that_o promise_n that_o be_v make_v to_o i_o of_o something_o to_o be_v give_v to_o another_o and_o that_o promise_v which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o name_n of_o he_o to_o who_o the_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v give_v if_o the_o promise_v be_v make_v to_o i_o set_v aside_o that_o query_n introduce_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n whether_o any_o benefit_n do_v accrue_v unto_o i_o by_o it_o the_o right_n of_o accept_v the_o thing_n seem_v natural_o to_o be_v give_v to_o i_o and_o the_o power_n of_o transfer_v that_o right_n unto_o another_o if_o he_o also_o will_v accept_v thereof_o so_o that_o he_o that_o make_v the_o promise_n have_v no_o right_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o revoke_v it_o but_o i_o to_o who_o the_o promise_n be_v make_v may_v remit_v it_o for_o this_o sense_n as_o it_o be_v no_o whit_n repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n so_o be_v it_o most_o agreeable_a to_o the_o word_n of_o such_o a_o promise_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v say_v not_o at_o all_o to_o concern_v i_o that_o another_o by_o i_o shall_v receive_v a_o benefit_n but_o if_o the_o promise_v be_v make_v in_o his_o name_n to_o who_o the_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v give_v we_o must_v then_o inquire_v whether_o he_o that_o accept_v of_o what_o be_v promise_v have_v a_o special_a command_n so_o to_o do_v or_o a_o order_n so_o general_a as_o may_v be_v think_v sufficient_a to_o include_v it_o or_o whether_o he_o have_v no_o such_o order_n at_o all_o if_o it_o do_v appear_v that_o he_o have_v such_o order_n or_o authority_n to_o accept_v thereof_o i_o do_v not_o then_o conceive_v it_o necessary_a to_o inquire_v any_o
mercy_n for_o that_o divine_a law_n that_o command_v they_o to_o destroy_v the_o nation_n deut._n 7.4_o exod._n 23.33_o be_v compare_v with_o another_o charge_n give_v by_o god_n concern_v they_o deut._n 20.10_o will_v admit_v of_o this_o limitation_n that_o if_o they_o yield_v upon_o the_o first_o summons_n they_o may_v be_v receive_v to_o mercy_n as_o be_v clear_a by_o the_o history_n of_o rahab_n who_o for_o secure_v the_o spy_n be_v save_v 16.10_o jos_n 16.10_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o gezer_n who_o be_v suffer_v to_o live_v among_o the_o ephramite_n and_o to_o serve_v they_o of_o the_o gergezites_n of_o who_o st._n matthew_n record_v 8.28_o mat._n 8.28_o that_o there_o be_v some_o live_n even_o until_o his_o time_n neither_o shall_v we_o find_v these_o ennumerate_v among_o those_o that_o be_v to_o have_v be_v extirpate_v as_o you_o may_v read_v deut._n 20.17_o jos_n 9.1_o and_o last_o it_o be_v clear_a by_o that_o act_n of_o solomon_n 1_o king_n 20.20_o 21_o whereby_o he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v receive_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o canaanite_n who_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n can_v not_o destroy_v as_o his_o tributary_n and_o bond-servant_n unto_o that_o day_n yea_o and_o if_o we_o examine_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o severe_a charge_n give_v unto_o moses_n for_o their_o extirpation_n as_o it_o be_v express_v exod._n 23.33_o deut._n 7.4_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o in_o case_n as_o the_o hebrew_n doctor_n observe_v they_o will_v submit_v to_o the_o commandment_n give_v to_o noah_n and_o his_o son_n and_o pay_v tribute_n the_o cause_n of_o their_o extirpation_n be_v take_v away_o they_o may_v live_v now_o why_o joshua_n may_v not_o as_o well_o spare_v the_o gibeonite_n upon_o their_o dedition_n as_o he_o do_v rahab_n and_o the_o canaanite_n of_o gezer_n upon_o they_o no_o solid_a reason_n can_v be_v assign_v and_o yet_o that_o the_o gergezites_n be_v the_o offspring_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o gezer_n be_v spare_v and_o live_v as_o tributary_n to_o the_o israelite_n till_o christ_n time_n be_v most_o evident_a by_o the_o sacred_a story_n the_o immediate_a cause_n of_o the_o destruction_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o canaanite_n be_v not_o any_o inexorable_a command_n give_v by_o god_n to_o moses_n for_o that_o leave_v they_o a_o possibility_n to_o live_v because_o a_o power_n to_o submit_v but_o the_o hardness_n of_o their_o heart_n which_o proceed_v from_o god_n as_o a_o punishment_n for_o all_o their_o great_a provocation_n jos_n 11.19_o 20._o that_o so_o he_o may_v destroy_v they_o utter_o without_o any_o mercy_n as_o the_o lord_n command_v moses_n wherefore_o consider_v that_o in_o case_n the_o gibeonite_n have_v deal_v plain_o with_o moses_n which_o they_o dare_v not_o do_v for_o fear_n of_o he_o and_o have_v voluntary_o give_v themselves_o up_o as_o bond-servant_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o he_o will_v have_v spare_v their_o life_n under_o the_o same_o condition_n as_o he_o do_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o gezer_n therefore_o valuit_fw-la juramentum_fw-la the_o oath_n be_v to_o remain_v inviolable_a yea_o and_o the_o breach_n of_o this_o oath_n three_o hundred_o year_n after_o when_o saul_n either_o forget_v the_o oath_n of_o his_o forefather_n or_o out_o of_o a_o well-meant_a zeal_n slay_v some_o of_o these_o gibeonite_n cost_v the_o life_n of_o many_o thousand_o israelite_n 21.6_o 2_o sam._n 21.6_o in_o the_o three_o year_n famine_n which_o god_n bring_v upon_o israel_n of_o this_o opinion_n be_v st._n ambrose_n who_o handle_v this_o question_n say_v joshua_n do_v not_o think_v it_o safe_a to_o break_v the_o peace_n with_o the_o gibeonite_n because_o he_o have_v confirm_v it_o by_o oath_n ne_o dum_fw-la aliorum_fw-la perfidiam_fw-la arguit_fw-la 10._o de_fw-fr off._n l._n 3._o c._n 10._o svam_fw-la fidem_fw-la solveret_fw-la lest_o while_o he_o punish_v other_o for_o their_o perfidiousness_n he_o shall_v be_v find_v guilty_a of_o perjury_n neither_o do_v this_o fraud_n of_o they_o go_v altogether_o unpunished_a for_o whereas_o have_v they_o deal_v plain_o they_o have_v be_v admit_v upon_o pay_v of_o tribute_n only_o now_o their_o corporal_a slavery_n be_v at_o once_o the_o price_n of_o their_o life_n and_o the_o just_a punishment_n of_o their_o craft_n and_o subtilty_n so_o be_v the_o brutiani_fw-la serve_v by_o the_o roman_n 3._o loh_n 10._o c._n 3._o as_o gellius_n relate_v v._o the_o word_n of_o a_o oath_n not_o to_o be_v too_o far_o extend_v neither_o shall_v the_o meaning_n of_o a_o oath_n be_v wrest_v to_o any_o other_o sense_n than_o the_o word_n do_v usual_o bear_v wherefore_o when_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n have_v swear_v not_o to_o give_v their_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n to_o the_o benjamite_n do_v notwithstanding_o suffer_v the_o benjamite_n to_o take_v the_o daughter_n of_o shiloh_n by_o force_n and_o to_o enjoy_v they_o they_o be_v not_o guilty_a of_o perjury_n for_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o give_v and_o another_o not_o to_o require_v what_o be_v already_o lose_v whereof_o st._n ambrose_n speak_v thus_o this_o indulgence_n of_o they_o be_v not_o without_o a_o punishment_n suitable_a to_o their_o intemperance_n while_o they_o be_v permit_v only_o to_o enjoy_v those_o who_o they_o have_v ravish_v without_o the_o solemnity_n of_o marriage_n nec_fw-la hortabantur_fw-la israelitae_n nec_fw-la prohibebant_fw-la say_v joseph_n the_o israelite_n do_v neither_o encourage_v the_o benjamite_n nor_o forbid_v they_o now_o the_o law_n say_v seneca_n may_v punish_v he_o that_o succour_v a_o exile_n but_o not_o he_o that_o only_o suffer_v he_o to_o be_v relieve_v not_o much_o unlike_a be_v that_o request_n which_o the_o achaian_n make_v to_o the_o roman_n who_o be_v high_o displease_v at_o some_o thing_n by_o they_o do_v and_o confirm_v by_o oath_n namely_o that_o the_o roman_n will_v be_v please_v to_o alter_v what_o they_o will_v but_o not_o to_o bind_v they_o by_o any_o religious_a vow_n to_o null_a those_o thing_n which_o they_o have_v already_o establish_v by_o oath_n vi_o oath_n bound_v not_o to_o thing_n unlawful_a second_o that_o a_o oath_n be_v bind_v it_o be_v necessary_a that_o it_o refer_v to_o thing_n lawful_a for_o if_o the_o thing_n promise_v upon_o oath_n be_v forbid_v either_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o by_o the_o divine_a law_n or_o interdict_v by_o humane_a law_n whereof_o more_o anon_o it_o have_v no_o power_n at_o all_o to_o oblige_v we_o that_o which_o be_v unlawful_a to_o be_v swear_v be_v unlawful_a to_o be_v do_v be_v swear_v and_o that_o which_o be_v unlawful_a for_o we_o to_o do_v be_v unlawful_a to_o be_v swear_v all_o oath_n have_v a_o tacit_a exception_n of_o the_o high_a power_n and_o of_o former_a oath_n now_o god_n be_v great_a than_o man_n and_o therefore_o have_v first_o bind_v ourselves_o unto_o he_o no_o oath_n make_v against_o he_o or_o against_o our_o duty_n to_o he_o aught_o by_o we_o to_o be_v perform_v but_o repent_v of_o no_o weapon_n form_v against_o he_o shall_v prosper_v say_v the_o prophet_n es_fw-ge 54._o it_o be_v good_a counsel_n that_o philo_n give_v in_o this_o case_n let_v he_o that_o go_v about_o to_o do_v a_o unjust_a act_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o oath_n know_v that_o he_o do_v not_o thereby_o perform_v his_o oath_n but_o break_v it_o for_o a_o oath_n be_v a_o sacred_a thing_n which_o deserve_v our_o great_a care_n and_o devotion_n to_o preserve_v whereby_o we_o stand_v oblige_v to_o do_v such_o thing_n only_o as_o be_v just_a and_o honest_a for_o he_o do_v but_o accumulate_v one_o sin_n upon_o another_o who_o to_o a_o wicked_a oath_n add_v a_o dishonest_a action_n wherefore_o let_v he_o that_o have_v ensnare_v his_o own_o soul_n by_o a_o rash_a vow_n yet_o refrain_v from_o do_v wicked_o that_o god_n who_o be_v rich_a in_o mercy_n may_v forgive_v he_o for_o wilful_o to_o contract_v a_o double_a guilt_n when_o we_o may_v be_v discharge_v from_o a_o single_a one_o be_v a_o incurable_a madness_n rash_n vow_n be_v ill_o make_v and_o sometime_o worse_o keep_v our_o tongue_n must_v not_o bind_v our_o hand_n to_o do_v wicked_o 25._o 1_o sam._n 25._o david_n be_v less_o sinful_a in_o break_v his_o oath_n and_o spare_v the_o life_n of_o nabal_n who_o he_o have_v swear_v to_o kill_v than_o herod_n be_v in_o kill_v the_o baptist_n or_o agamemnon_n in_o sacrifice_v iphigenia_n for_o their_o oath_n sake_n sure_o oath_n be_v never_o invent_v to_o be_v the_o bond_n of_o iniquity_n praestare_fw-la fateor_fw-la posse_fw-la i_o tacitam_fw-la fidem_fw-la si_fw-la scelere_fw-la careat_fw-la interim_n scelus_fw-la est_fw-la fides_fw-la my_o faith_n perform_v i_o can_v i_o do_v confess_v if_o void_a of_o sin_n else_o faith_n but_o wickedness_n some_o promise_n can_v be_v perform_v say_v ambrose_n nor_o some_o oath_n keep_v without_o the_o violation_n of_o our_o duty_n to_o god_n or_o man._n and_o if_o
that_o our_o saviour_n word_n signify_v no_o more_o than_o what_o philo_n the_o jew_n do_v it_o be_v a_o excellent_a thing_n say_v he_o and_o most_o agreeable_a to_o rational_a man_n decal_n de_fw-fr decal_n so_o to_o accustom_v themselves_o to_o speak_v truth_n that_o their_o bare_a word_n may_v carry_v as_o much_o authority_n as_o other_o man_n oath_n and_o in_o another_o place_n he_o say_v that_o a_o good_a man_n word_n be_v as_o firm_a immutable_a and_o void_a of_o deceit_n as_o if_o he_o have_v confirm_v it_o with_o a_o oath_n so_o likewife_n josephus_n testify_v of_o the_o esseni_n that_o whatsoever_o they_o affirm_v upon_o their_o word_n be_v as_o true_a as_o if_o they_o have_v affirm_v it_o upon_o their_o oath_n and_o therefore_o to_o swear_v be_v unto_o they_o superfluous_a and_o from_o these_o esseni_fw-la or_o from_o those_o jew_n that_o follow_v they_o pythagoras_n seem_v to_o have_v learn_v it_o where_o he_o say_v we_o must_v not_o swear_v by_o the_o god_n but_o every_o man_n sbould_z be_v so_o careful_a of_o his_o word_n and_o credit_n that_o he_o may_v be_v believe_v without_o a_o oath_n it_o be_v the_o advice_n of_o chrysostome_n if_o thou_o do_v believe_v that_o he_o with_o who_o thou_o have_v to_o deal_v 15._o de_fw-fr stat_fw-la 15._o be_v honest_a and_o faithful_a urge_v he_o not_o to_o swear_v but_o if_o thou_o suspect_v he_o for_o a_o liar_n urge_v he_o not_o to_o forswear_v the_o scythian_n in_o curtius_n tell_v alexander_n that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o scythian_n gratiam_fw-la jurando_fw-la sancire_fw-la to_o purchase_v his_o favour_n or_o establish_v their_o own_o peace_n by_o oath_n for_o say_v curtius_n colendo_fw-la fidem_fw-la scythae_n jurant_fw-la the_o scythian_n be_v so_o great_a admirer_n of_o truth_n and_o fidelity_n that_o their_o bare_a word_n do_v oblige_v they_o as_o firm_o as_o and_o their_o deed_n confirm_v their_o promise_n more_o than_o their_o oath_n cicero_n in_o his_o oration_n for_o roscius_n comoedus_fw-la tell_v we_o that_o look_v what_o punishment_n the_o god_n award_v to_o a_o perjure_a person_n the_o same_o they_o award_v to_o a_o liar_n for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o form_n of_o word_n wherein_o the_o oath_n be_v comprehend_v that_o provoke_v the_o god_n unto_o vengeance_n but_o the_o malice_n and_o perfidiousness_n of_o the_o heart_n wherein_o all_o treachery_n and_o forgery_n be_v mint_v it_o be_v excellent_a counsel_n that_o solon_n give_v we_o that_o we_o shall_v have_v so_o great_a a_o regard_n to_o our_o own_o honesty_n that_o our_o word_n may_v be_v as_o authoritative_a and_o convince_a as_o our_o oath_n thus_o clemens_n alexandrinus_n describe_v a_o just_a man_n to_o be_v one_o that_o evidence_v the_o truth_n of_o his_o promise_n by_o the_o sincerity_n and_o constant_a stability_n of_o his_o word_n and_o action_n cicero_n record_v it_o of_o a_o certain_a citizen_n of_o athens_n that_o be_v know_v to_o be_v of_o a_o religious_a and_o upright_a conversation_n baldo_n orat._n pro_fw-la baldo_n and_o be_v to_o give_v his_o public_a testimony_n upon_o oath_n be_v not_o permit_v so_o to_o do_v but_o as_o he_o approach_v near_o the_o altar_n to_o that_o purpose_n all_o the_o judge_n with_o one_o voice_n cry_v out_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o swear_v be_v unwilling_a to_o give_v more_o credit_n to_o his_o oath_n than_o to_o his_o word_n very_o pertinent_a to_o the_o meaning_n of_o our_o saviour_n where_o he_o say_v swear_v not_o at_o all_o be_v that_o say_n of_o hierocles_n he_o that_o in_o the_o beginning_n say_v thou_o shall_v reverence_v a_o oath_n do_v therein_o enjoin_v we_o to_o abstain_v from_o swear_v concering_n such_o thing_n as_o be_v contingent_a and_o of_o uncertain_a event_n for_o such_o thing_n be_v so_o mutable_a and_o of_o so_o small_a a_o account_n that_o they_o be_v not_o worth_a a_o oath_n neither_o be_v it_o safe_a to_o swear_v about_o they_o and_o libanius_n insert_v this_o among_o many_o other_o virtue_n for_o which_o he_o high_o extol_v a_o christian_a emperor_n that_o he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o perjury_n that_o he_o fear_v to_o swear_v to_o what_o he_o know_v to_o be_v truth_n a_o perjurio_fw-la tantum_fw-la abest_fw-la ut_fw-la etiam_fw-la vera_fw-la jurare_fw-la vereatur_fw-la xxii_o faith_n may_v be_v give_v without_o a_o oath_n therefore_o in_o some_o nation_n instead_o of_o oath_n they_o give_v unto_o each_o other_o their_o right_a hand_n which_o among_o the_o persian_n be_v the_o strong_a assurance_n of_o faith_n that_o can_v be_v give_v and_o among_o other_o people_n they_o oblige_v themselves_o by_o other_o sign_n and_o that_o so_o strong_o that_o unless_o he_o that_o shall_v so_o oblige_v himself_o do_v fulfil_v his_o promise_n he_o be_v hold_v as_o execrable_a as_o if_o perjure_a but_o especial_o of_o king_n and_o prince_n it_o be_v usual_o say_v that_o their_o faith_n give_v be_v as_o good_a as_o a_o oath_n for_o such_o they_o shall_v be_v that_o they_o may_v say_v with_o augustus_n bonae_fw-la fidei_fw-la sum_fw-la i_o have_v a_o clear_a reputation_n and_o with_o eumenes_n i_o have_v rather_o lose_v my_o life_n than_o break_v my_o faith_n whereunto_o gunther_n allude_v where_o he_o say_v no_o oath_n more_o sacred_a than_o the_o word_n of_o king_n whereunto_o we_o may_v add_v that_o of_o alexis_n comicus_fw-la if_o i_o but_o nod_v it_o be_v firm_a as_o though_o i_o swear_v this_o testimony_n isocrates_n give_v of_o king_n evagrius_n that_o he_o keep_v his_o word_n as_o religious_o as_o he_o do_v his_o oath_n cicero_n in_o his_o oration_n for_o king_n dejotarus_n high_o commend_v cajus_n caesar_n for_o this_o that_o if_o he_o give_v to_o any_o man_n his_o right_a hand_n it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o confirm_v any_o promise_n that_o he_o make_v whether_o in_o peace_n or_o war._n and_o in_o those_o heroic_a time_n the_o elevation_n of_o the_o royal_a sceptre_n be_v equivalent_a to_o the_o oath_n of_o a_o king_n as_o aristotle_n note_v chap._n fourteen_o of_o the_o promise_n contract_n and_o oath_n of_o sovereign_a prince_n and_o state_n i._o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o who_o hold_v that_o restitution_n to_o the_o full_a arise_v from_o the_o civil_a law_n appertain_v to_o the_o act_n of_o king_n as_o such_o refute_v as_o also_o this_o that_o king_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o their_o own_o oath_n ii_o to_o what_o act_n of_o king_n the_o law_n extend_v explain_v by_o distinction_n iii_o when_o a_o king_n be_v bind_v by_o his_o oath_n and_o when_o not_o iv_o how_o far_o forth_o a_o king_n be_v bind_v to_o what_o he_o have_v promise_v without_o cause_n v._o the_o use_n of_o what_o have_v be_v say_v concern_v the_o force_n of_o the_o law_n about_o the_o contract_n of_o king_n vi_o in_o what_o sense_n a_o king_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v oblige_v to_o his_o subject_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n only_o or_o even_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n vii_o a_o right_o gain_v to_o subject_n how_o it_o may_v lawful_o be_v take_v away_o viii_o the_o distinction_n of_o thing_n gain_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n reject_v ix_o the_o contract_n of_o king_n whether_o they_o be_v law_n and_o when_o x._o how_o by_o the_o contract_n of_o king_n they_o that_o inherit_v all_o his_o good_n stand_v bind_v xi_o how_o by_o those_o contract_n they_o that_o succeed_v in_o the_o kingdom_n may_v stand_v bind_v xii_o and_o how_o far_o xiii_o the_o free_a grant_n of_o king_n when_o revocable_a and_o when_o not_o fourteen_o whether_o the_o true_a king_n be_v bind_v by_o the_o contract_n of_o they_o that_o invade_v or_o usurp_v the_o kingdom_n i._o whether_o king_n may_v rescind_v their_o own_o acts._n the_o promise_n contract_n and_o oath_n of_o king_n and_o of_o such_o other_o as_o have_v the_o like_a sovereign_a power_n have_v some_o question_n peculiar_a to_o themselves_o as_o well_o concern_v what_o power_n they_o have_v over_o their_o own_o act_n as_o concern_v what_o they_o have_v over_o their_o subject_n as_o that_o which_o they_o have_v over_o their_o successor_n as_o to_o the_o first_o of_o these_o it_o be_v question_v whether_o the_o king_n himself_o have_v the_o same_o power_n to_o restore_v himself_o to_o the_o full_a or_o to_o make_v void_a his_o own_o contract_n or_o to_o absolve_v himself_o from_o his_o oath_n as_o he_o have_v his_o subject_n bodine_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o a_o king_n be_v circumvent_v by_o another_o man_n fraud_n by_o fear_n or_o error_n may_v for_o the_o same_o cause_n be_v restore_v to_o his_o own_o right_n as_o well_o in_o thing_n appertain_v to_o the_o lessen_v of_o his_o prerogative_n as_o a_o king_n or_o in_o thing_n appertain_v to_o his_o private_a estate_n as_o his_o subject_n may_v whereunto_o he_o add_v that_o a_o king_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o his_o oath_n if_o the_o contract_n agree_v
be_v but_o the_o overflowing_n of_o a_o good_a nature_n distinguish_v mercy_n judgement_n and_o righteousness_n distinguish_v such_o be_v good_a work_v do_v mere_o out_o of_o bounty_n and_o munificence_n second_o to_o perform_v what_o we_o be_v strict_o bind_v to_o do_v which_o the_o hebrew_n call_v judgement_n but_o to_o do_v that_o which_o in_o honesty_n and_o conscience_n only_o we_o ought_v to_o do_v this_o they_o call_v righteousness_n or_o equity_n which_o three_o some_o expositor_n upon_o that_o of_o mat._n 23.23_o render_v by_o mercy_n judgement_n and_o fidelity_n whereby_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o greek_n do_v common_o understand_v righteousness_n and_o by_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d judgement_n that_o which_o we_o be_v strict_o oblige_v to_o do_v as_o we_o may_v find_v 1_o mac._n 7.18_o &_o 32._o moreover_o a_o man_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v civil_o oblige_v by_o his_o own_o act_n either_o in_o this_o sense_n that_o the_o obligation_n spring_v not_o from_o the_o mere_a right_n of_o nature_n but_o from_o a_o civil_a right_n or_o from_o both_o or_o in_o such_o a_o sense_n as_o that_o a_o action_n at_o the_o civil_a law_n may_v lie_v against_o he_o we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o from_o the_o covenant_n and_o promise_n which_o a_o king_n make_v with_o his_o people_n there_o may_v arise_v such_o a_o true_a and_o proper_a obligation_n as_o may_v confer_v a_o right_n unto_o they_o for_o such_o be_v the_o nature_n both_o of_o promise_n and_o contract_n even_o between_o god_n and_o man_n as_o we_o have_v show_v already_o if_o the_o act_n of_o a_o king_n be_v such_o as_o may_v be_v do_v by_o any_o other_o man_n the_o civil_a law_n shall_v bind_v he_o but_o if_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v do_v by_o he_o mere_o as_o a_o king_n the_o civil_a law_n do_v not_o reach_v he_o which_o difference_n be_v not_o by_o vasquius_fw-la sufficient_o observe_v nevertheless_o a_o action_n may_v arise_v from_o either_o of_o these_o act_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o to_o evidence_n the_o right_n of_o the_o creditor_n but_o no_o enforcement_n there_o can_v be_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o quality_n or_o condition_n of_o the_o adverse_a party_n for_o that_o subject_n shall_v compel_v he_o who_o subject_n they_o be_v be_v not_o lawful_a which_o equal_v may_v do_v against_o equal_n by_o the_o right_n of_o nature_n and_o superior_n against_o inferior_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n vii_o how_o a_o right_o gain_v by_o subject_n may_v lawful_o be_v take_v from_o they_o but_o this_o also_o must_v be_v note_v that_o a_o king_n may_v take_v away_o the_o right_n of_o his_o subject_n two_o way_n either_o by_o way_n of_o punishment_n or_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o sovereign_a power_n but_o if_o he_o do_v it_o this_o latter_a way_n it_o must_v be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n for_o some_o public_a profit_n and_o then_o also_o the_o subject_n must_v receive_v if_o it_o be_v possible_a a_o just_a satisfaction_n out_o of_o the_o common_a stock_n for_o the_o loss_n he_o shall_v sustain_v this_o therefore_o as_o it_o hold_v in_o other_o thing_n so_o also_o in_o that_o right_n that_o be_v gain_v by_o either_o promise_n or_o contract_n viii_o the_o distinction_n of_o thing_n gain_v by_o the_o natural_a and_o civil_a law_n reject_v neither_o do_v it_o make_v any_o alteration_n in_o the_o case_n whether_o the_o right_a of_o the_o subject_n be_v acquire_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o the_o king_n have_v a_o equal_a right_n to_o both_o nor_o can_v either_o of_o they_o be_v take_v away_o from_o the_o subject_a without_o cause_n for_o it_o be_v against_o natural_a right_n that_o what_o dominion_n or_o other_o right_n a_o man_n have_v lawful_o gain_v to_o himself_o he_o shall_v be_v causeless_o deprive_v of_o and_o if_o a_o king_n shall_v do_v it_o he_o ought_v without_o doubt_n to_o make_v restitution_n and_o to_o repair_v the_o damage_n that_o the_o subject_n have_v sustain_v because_o he_o do_v thereby_o violate_v the_o true_a right_n of_o his_o subject_n and_o herein_o be_v the_o right_n of_o stranger_n much_o different_a from_o that_o of_o subject_n for_o the_o right_n of_o stranger_n and_o of_o such_o as_o in_o no_o respect_n be_v subject_n can_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v under_o that_o supereminent_a dominion_n of_o a_o king_n as_o the_o right_n of_o subject_n be_v for_o the_o public_a good_a unless_o by_o way_n of_o punishment_n whereof_o hereafter_o ix_o the_o contract_n of_o king_n whether_o they_o be_v law_n and_o when_o from_o whence_o we_o may_v collect_v upon_o how_o sandy_a a_o foundation_n they_o build_v who_o hold_v all_o the_o contract_n of_o king_n to_o be_v law_n for_o from_o the_o law_n there_o arise_v no_o right_a against_o a_o king_n to_o any_o man_n therefore_o if_o the_o king_n shall_v think_v fit_a to_o repeal_v those_o law_n he_o can_v be_v say_v to_o injure_v any_o man_n yet_o if_o he_o do_v it_o without_o good_a cause_n he_o give_v just_a cause_n of_o offence_n but_o from_o promise_n and_o contract_v a_o man_n may_v claim_v a_o right_n for_o by_o contract_v the_o contractor_n only_o be_v bind_v but_o by_o the_o law_n all_o that_o be_v subject_n yet_o may_v some_o thing_n be_v of_o a_o mix_a nature_n partly_o by_o contract_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o law_n as_o when_o a_o king_n contract_v with_o a_o neighbour_n king_n or_o with_o farmer_n of_o his_o revenue_n which_o he_o present_o proclaim_v a_o law_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o contain_v what_o be_v by_o his_o subject_n to_o be_v observe_v x._o how_o by_o the_o contract_n of_o a_o king_n his_o heir_n may_v stand_v bind_v let_v we_o now_o proceed_v to_o the_o successor_n concern_v who_o we_o be_v to_o distinguish_v between_o those_o that_o be_v to_o inherit_v all_o the_o good_n of_o the_o decease_a king_n together_o with_o his_o kingdom_n as_o he_o that_o receive_v a_o patrimonial_a kingdom_n either_o by_o his_o testament_n or_o from_o a_o intestate_a and_o between_o those_o that_o succeed_v in_o the_o kingdom_n only_o either_o by_o a_o new_a election_n or_o by_o prescript_n and_o that_o either_o in_o imitation_n of_o other_o vulgar_a inheritance_n or_o otherwise_o or_o whether_o they_o succeed_v by_o any_o mix_v right_o for_o they_o that_o inherit_v all_o the_o good_n with_o the_o kingdom_n be_v without_o doubt_n oblige_v to_o perform_v all_o the_o contract_n and_o promise_v of_o the_o decease_a king_n and_o that_o the_o good_n of_o the_o decease_a shall_v stand_v oblige_v for_o his_o personal_a debt_n be_v as_o ancient_a as_o dominion_n itself_o xi_o and_o how_o his_o successor_n but_o how_o far_o they_o that_o succeed_v to_o the_o kingdom_n only_o or_o to_o the_o good_n in_o part_n but_o to_o the_o kingdom_n entire_o be_v oblige_v by_o the_o covenant_n and_o contract_n of_o their_o predecessor_n be_v as_o worthy_a to_o be_v discuss_v as_o it_o have_v hitherto_o be_v confuse_o handle_v they_o that_o succeed_v in_o the_o kingdom_n but_o not_o as_o heir_n be_v not_o immediate_o bind_v by_o the_o covenant_n and_o contract_n of_o their_o predecessor_n because_o the_o title_n they_o have_v they_o receive_v not_o from_o he_o but_o from_o the_o people_n whether_o that_o succession_n fall_v like_o other_o vulgar_a inheritance_n to_o he_o that_o be_v near_a of_o kin_n to_o the_o decease_a or_o to_o those_o that_o be_v more_o remote_a but_o mediate_o i._n e._n by_o the_o city_n that_o choose_v he_o such_o successor_n also_o be_v bind_v which_o shall_v be_v thus_o understand_v every_o society_n no_o less_o than_o every_o particular_a person_n have_v a_o power_n to_o oblige_v itself_o either_o by_o itself_o or_o by_o its_o major_a part_n this_o right_a every_o society_n may_v transfer_v either_o express_o or_o by_o necessary_a consequence_n that_o be_v by_o transfer_v the_o empire_n for_o in_o moral_n he_o that_o give_v the_o end_n give_v all_o thing_n conduce_v to_o the_o end_n xii_o and_o how_o far_o and_o yet_o shall_v not_o this_o be_v boundless_a neither_o be_v it_o at_o all_o necessary_a to_o the_o good_a government_n of_o a_o nation_n that_o this_o oblige_a power_n shall_v be_v infinite_a no_o more_o than_o that_o of_o a_o guardian_n be_v but_o so_o far_o forth_o only_o as_o the_o nature_n of_o that_o power_n require_v tutor_n domini_fw-la loco_fw-la habetur_fw-la cum_fw-la rem_fw-la administrat_fw-la non_fw-la cum_fw-la pupillum_fw-la spoliat_fw-la the_o guardian_n say_v julian_n have_v a_o power_n equal_a to_o the_o lord_n while_o he_o order_v the_o estate_n prudent_o but_o not_o when_o he_o waste_v it_o and_o in_o this_o sense_n be_v that_o of_o ulpian_n to_o be_v understand_v every_o society_n shall_v be_v bind_v by_o the_o act_n of_o their_o governor_n be_v the_o agreement_n profitable_a or_o damagable_a to_o that_o society_n yet_o
distinction_n to_o be_v observe_v where_o there_o be_v any_o probable_a reason_n for_o give_v or_o otherwise_o alienate_v what_o be_v the_o people_n but_o in_o case_n the_o king_n shall_v by_o any_o contract_n go_v about_o to_o alienate_v any_o part_n of_o his_o kingdom_n or_o of_o the_o royal_a patrimony_n beyond_o what_o be_v permit_v unto_o he_o such_o a_o contract_n shall_v be_v of_o no_o force_n as_o be_v make_v of_o that_o which_o be_v not_o he_o to_o dispose_v of_o as_o much_o may_v be_v say_v of_o such_o kingdom_n as_o be_v limit_v and_o restrain_v if_o the_o people_n have_v exempt_v any_o either_o matter_n or_o kind_n of_o act_n from_o the_o power_n of_o their_o king_n for_o to_o make_v such_o act_n valid_a the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n or_o their_o representative_n be_v necessary_o require_v as_o we_o have_v already_o show_v when_o we_o discourse_v of_o alienation_n now_o these_o distinction_n be_v observe_v it_o be_v no_o difficult_a matter_n to_o judge_v whether_o the_o exception_n of_o king_n who_o refuse_v to_o pay_v their_o predecessor_n debt_n who_o heir_n they_o be_v not_o be_v just_a or_o unjust_a whereof_o we_o may_v read_v many_o example_n in_o bodine_n xiii_o of_o the_o grant_n of_o king_n which_o be_v revocable_a and_o which_o not_o neither_o be_v that_o which_o some_o affirm_v to_o be_v admit_v without_o a_o distinction_n namely_o that_o the_o benefit_n of_o prince_n which_o be_v free_o and_o liberal_o grant_v may_v at_o any_o time_n be_v revoke_v for_o some_o benefit_n a_o king_n may_v give_v out_o of_o what_o be_v his_o own_o and_o which_o be_v it_o not_o for_o this_o clause_n at_o the_o prayer_n or_o request_n of_o the_o grant_n may_v well_o pass_v for_o a_o perfect_a donative_n now_o these_o can_v be_v revoke_v unless_o from_o subject_n by_o way_n of_o punishment_n or_o for_o public_a good_a for_o which_o also_o satisfaction_n must_v be_v give_v out_o of_o the_o public_a stock_n if_o possible_a but_o other_o benefit_n there_o be_v which_o only_o take_v away_o the_o bind_a power_n of_o the_o law_n without_o any_o contract_n and_o these_o be_v revocable_a for_o as_o a_o law_n universal_o take_v away_o may_v always_o be_v universal_o restore_v so_o also_o be_v particular_o take_v away_o it_o may_v be_v particular_o restore_v for_o no_o right_n be_v here_o acquire_v against_o the_o lawmaker_n fourteen_o whether_o the_o right_a king_n be_v bind_v by_o contract_n of_o a_o usurper_n but_o by_o such_o contract_n as_o be_v make_v by_o usurper_n or_o such_o as_o without_o any_o just_a title_n invade_v a_o kingdom_n neither_o the_o people_n nor_o their_o lawful_a prince_n be_v oblige_v for_o such_o have_v no_o right_n at_o all_o to_o bind_v they_o yet_o even_o these_o also_o shall_v be_v bind_v by_o those_o contract_n so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v enrich_v by_o those_o contract_n chap._n xv._o of_o league_n and_o sponsion_n i._o public_a agreement_n what_o they_o be_v ii_o divide_v into_o league_n sponsion_n and_o other_o convention_n iii_o how_o these_o differ_v and_o how_o far_o sponsion_n oblige_v iv_o menippus_n his_o division_n of_o league_n reject_v v._o league_n divide_v into_o such_o as_o oblige_v unto_o thing_n agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o from_o whence_o this_o arise_v vi_o and_o unto_o thing_n thereunto_o add_v which_o be_v either_o equal_a vii_o or_o such_o as_o be_v unequal_a which_o again_o be_v divide_v viii_o league_n make_v between_o those_o of_o a_o different_a religion_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v lawful_a ix_o nor_o be_v they_o universal_o forbid_v by_o the_o hebrew_n law_n x._o nor_n by_o the_o christian_a law_n xi_o caution_n concern_v such_o league_n xii_o all_o christian_n be_v oblige_v to_o enter_v into_o a_o league_n against_o such_o as_o be_v enemy_n to_o christianity_n xiii_o if_o diverse_a of_o our_o confederate_n be_v at_o war_n which_o we_o ought_v to_o assist_v explain_v by_o a_o distinction_n fourteen_o whether_o a_o league_n may_v be_v understand_v to_o be_v renew_v tacit_o xv._o whether_o the_o breach_n by_o one_o party_n do_v free_a the_o other_o from_o be_v oblige_v xvi_o how_o far_o the_o sponsor_n stand_v oblige_v in_o case_n what_o they_o undertake_v for_o be_v refuse_v xvii_o whether_o a_o sponsion_n be_v know_v but_o not_o refuse_v do_v oblige_v by_o silence_n this_o explain_v by_o a_o distinction_n i._o public_a convention_n what_o they_o be_v all_o agreement_n be_v by_o ulpian_n divide_v into_o such_o as_o be_v public_a or_o private_a the_o public_a he_o expound_v not_o as_o some_o think_v by_o a_o definition_n but_o by_o example_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v that_o whereupon_o a_o peace_n be_v conclude_v the_o second_o be_v that_o whereon_o the_o general_n on_o both_o side_n do_v agree_v among_o themselves_o about_o some_o thing_n touch_v the_o war._n by_o public_a agreement_n he_o understand_v those_o which_o can_v be_v make_v but_o by_o such_o as_o have_v the_o right_n of_o empire_n either_o great_a or_o lesser_a whereby_o it_o be_v distinguish_v not_o only_o from_o the_o contract_n of_o private_a person_n but_o from_o the_o contract_n which_o king_n make_v in_o their_o private_a affair_n although_o even_o from_o these_o private_a contract_n a_o war_n be_v sometime_o occasion_v but_o often_o from_o the_o public_a wherefore_o since_o we_o have_v sufficient_o treat_v of_o convention_n in_o general_a we_o will_v add_v thereunto_o some_o thing_n concern_v this_o kind_n which_o of_o all_o other_o be_v the_o most_o excellent_a ii_o how_o divide_v now_o these_o public_a convention_n which_o the_o greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d we_o may_v divide_v into_o league_n sponsion_n and_o other_o paction_n iii_o the_o difference_n between_o they_o the_o difference_n between_o league_n and_o sponsion_n we_o may_v learn_v out_o of_o the_o nine_o book_n of_o livy_n where_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o league_n be_v such_o agreement_n as_o be_v make_v by_o the_o command_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n and_o whereby_o the_o whole_a nation_n be_v make_v liable_a to_o the_o wrath_n of_o god_n if_o they_o infringe_v it_o and_o this_o among_o the_o roman_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v perform_v by_o herald_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o herald_n but_o a_o sponsion_n be_v where_o the_o general_n have_v no_o order_n from_o the_o supreme_a power_n to_o conclude_v any_o thing_n about_o such_o a_o matter_n do_v yet_o promise_v and_o undertake_v something_o concern_v it_o in_o sallust_n we_o read_v thus_o the_o senate_n as_o it_o be_v very_o fit_a have_v decree_v that_o without_o their_o and_o the_o people_n command_n no_o league_n shall_v be_v make_v 24._o lib._n 24._o hieronymus_n king_n of_o syracuse_n as_o livy_n relate_v contract_v friendship_n with_o hannibal_n but_o he_o send_v afterward_o to_o carthage_n to_o make_v of_o that_o alliance_n a_o perfect_a league_n wherefore_o that_o of_o seneca_n the_o father_n where_o he_o say_v 29._o cont._n l._n 4._o c._n 29._o in_o that_o the_o emperor_n strike_v up_o a_o league_n the_o roman_a people_n may_v be_v say_v to_o strike_v it_o up_o and_o to_o be_v conclude_v by_o it_o must_v be_v refer_v to_o those_o ancient_a consul_n or_o general_n who_o have_v receive_v special_a order_n from_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n so_o to_o do_v but_o in_o monarchical_a estate_n 2._o see_v book_n 3._o ch_n 20._o §._o 2._o the_o sole_a power_n of_o make_v league_n be_v in_o the_o king_n according_a to_o that_o of_o euripides_n adrastum_fw-la hunc_fw-la opus_fw-la jurare_fw-la namque_fw-la be_v jus_o habet_fw-la regni_fw-la potens_fw-la ut_fw-la civitatem_fw-la foedere_fw-la obstringat_fw-la svo_fw-la this_o adrastus_n ought_v to_o swear_v i_o say_v who_o be_v their_o sovereign_n the_o whole_a city_n may_v oblige_v this_o league_n for_o ever_o to_o obey_v now_o as_o inferior_a magistrate_n can_v oblige_v the_o people_n so_o neither_o can_v the_o minor_a part_n of_o the_o people_n oblige_v the_o whole_a but_o let_v we_o here_o inquire_v how_o far_o forth_o they_o be_v bind_v who_o not_o have_v the_o people_n right_a shall_v yet_o undertake_v that_o which_o the_o people_n only_o have_v a_o right_a to_o do_v some_o may_v think_v that_o if_o the_o sponsor_n use_v their_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o effect_v that_o which_o they_o have_v undertake_v they_o have_v preserve_v their_o faith_n according_a to_o what_o we_o have_v already_o say_v 22._o vid._n sup_v ch_n 11._o §._o 22._o of_o promise_n make_v for_o the_o fact_n of_o a_o three_o person_n but_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o business_n concern_v which_o this_o contract_n be_v make_v require_v a_o strict_a obligation_n for_o no_o man_n in_o contract_n will_v either_o give_v or_o promise_v any_o thing_n of_o his_o own_o but_o expect_v that_o something_o shall_v be_v perform_v unto_o he_o in_o lieu_n thereof_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o by_o
that_o offer_v they_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o perform_v they_o for_o until_o they_o be_v accept_v there_o be_v no_o right_o acquire_v as_o appear_v by_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v concern_v promise_n and_o this_o offering_n of_o condition_n be_v less_o bind_v than_o a_o promise_n chap._n xvii_o of_o the_o damage_n do_v to_o one_o man_n through_o the_o default_n of_o another_o and_o the_o obligation_n thence_o arise_v i._o he_o that_o occasion_v the_o damage_n be_v bind_v to_o repair_v it_o ii_o a_o damage_n be_v that_o which_o be_v repugnant_a to_o a_o man_n right_a strict_o take_v iii_o a_o man_n aptitude_n or_o fitness_n for_o a_o thing_n be_v exact_o to_o be_v distinguish_v from_o his_o right_n strict_o take_v iv_o that_o damage_n extend_v to_o even_o the_o fruit_n or_o profit_n of_o what_o be_v his_o v._n and_o to_o the_o surcease_n of_o gain_n and_o how_o vi_o of_o damage_n primary_o occasion_v vii_o and_o of_o such_o as_o be_v occasion_v secondary_o viii_o of_o damage_n occasion_v by_o omission_n primary_o ix_o and_o secondary_o x._o what_o they_o must_v contribute_v to_o the_o act_n that_o be_v thus_o far_o bind_v xi_o in_o what_o order_n they_o be_v bind_v to_o reparation_n xii_o this_o obligation_n be_v to_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o damage_n that_o shall_v ensue_v xiii_o a_o example_n in_o a_o manslayer_n fourteen_o in_o he_o that_o offer_v violence_n otherwise_o xv._o in_o a_o adulterer_n or_o fornicator_n xvi_o in_o a_o thief_n robber_n and_o other_o xvii_o and_o in_o he_o that_o give_v the_o occasion_n of_o a_o promise_n either_o by_o fraud_n or_o by_o fear_n that_o be_v unjust_a xviii_o what_o if_o that_o fear_n be_v natural_o just_a xix_o what_o if_o that_o fear_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n deem_v just_a xx._n how_o far_o the_o civil_a power_n be_v bind_v for_o damage_n do_v by_o their_o subject_n where_o the_o question_n concern_v prize_n take_v by_o sea_n from_o confederate_n contrary_a to_o public_a command_n be_v handle_v xxi_o that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n no_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o repair_v damage_n do_v by_o his_o beast_n or_o ship_n without_o his_o knowledge_n xxii_o damage_n sustain_v in_o a_o man_n credit_n or_o honour_n how_o to_o be_v repair_v i._o he_o that_o occasion_v the_o damage_n be_v bind_v to_o repair_v it_o we_o have_v already_o show_v that_o a_o right_n unto_o a_o thing_n may_v accrue_v unto_o we_o from_o another_o three_o several_a way_n either_o by_o contract_n or_o by_o injury_n do_v we_o or_o by_o law_n concern_v contract_n i_o have_v speak_v sufficient_o let_v we_o now_o come_v unto_o that_o which_o be_v natural_o due_a unto_o we_o by_o reason_n of_o wrong_n do_v unto_o we_o for_o every_o fault_n whether_o it_o be_v by_o commission_n or_o omission_n that_o be_v repugnant_a to_o that_o which_o man_n either_o in_o respect_n to_o common_a humanity_n or_o in_o respect_n to_o their_o particular_a quality_n or_o calling_n ought_v to_o do_v we_o here_o call_v a_o wrong_n from_o such_o a_o default_n their_o natural_o arise_v this_o obligation_n in_o case_n any_o damage_n be_v do_v we_o namely_o that_o reparation_n be_v make_v we_o ii_o damage_n be_v that_o which_o be_v repugnant_a to_o right_v strict_o so_o take_v damage_n be_v haply_o derive_v à _fw-la demendo_fw-la i._n e._n from_o something_o that_o be_v take_v away_o from_o we_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d when_o a_o man_n receive_v less_o than_o what_o be_v his_o right_n or_o his_o own_o whether_o that_o right_o do_v accrue_v unto_o he_o by_o nature_n mere_o or_o by_o the_o access_n of_o some_o humane_a fact_n as_o by_o dominion_n by_o contract_n or_o by_o law_n by_o nature_n a_o man_n own_o be_v his_o life_n not_o to_o destroy_v it_o but_o to_o preserve_v it_o his_o limb_n his_o reputation_n his_o honour_n and_o his_o peculiar_a action_n by_o dominion_n and_o by_o contract_n how_o any_o thing_n become_v our_o own_o we_o have_v be_v teach_v by_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v and_o that_o in_o respect_n as_o well_o to_o thing_n as_o to_o other_o man_n action_n so_o likewise_o by_o law_n there_o arise_v to_o every_o man_n his_o own_o right_n for_o that_o the_o law_n claim_v the_o same_o or_o a_o great_a right_n over_o the_o person_n and_o estate_n of_o subject_n than_o any_o private_a man_n can_v have_v over_o his_o own_o thus_o have_v a_o pupil_n a_o right_a to_o exact_v from_o his_o guardian_n his_o utmost_a care_n so_o have_v the_o commonwealth_n from_o the_o magistrate_n and_o not_o only_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o every_o citizen_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o the_o law_n shall_v warrant_v it_o either_o express_o or_o by_o sufficient_a consequence_n but_o from_o any_o man_n aptitude_n or_o fitness_n only_o because_o it_o be_v not_o so_o proper_o call_v a_o right_n and_o that_o it_o belong_v to_o that_o kind_n of_o justice_n which_o be_v distributive_a no_o true_a dominion_n or_o property_n can_v arise_v and_o therefore_o no_o obligation_n to_o restitution_n because_o that_o be_v not_o instant_o his_o own_o for_o which_o he_o be_v fit_a or_o capable_a for_o as_o aristotle_n well_o observe_v he_o can_v be_v say_v to_o transgress_v the_o rule_n of_o justice_n proper_o so_o call_v who_o out_o of_o parsimony_n relieve_v not_o a_o poor_a man_n with_o his_o money_n planco_n nic._n v._o c._n 4._o orat._n pro._n câ—_n planco_n this_o say_v cicero_n be_v the_o condition_n of_o a_o free_a state_n that_o they_o can_v by_o their_o vote_n either_o give_v to_o or_o take_v away_o from_o any_o man_n what_o they_o please_v and_o yet_o he_o present_o subjoin_v that_o it_o sometime_o happen_v that_o the_o people_n may_v do_v even_o what_o they_o will_v not_o what_o they_o ought_v where_o the_o word_n ought_v be_v take_v in_o its_o large_a signification_n iii_o a_o strict_a right_o distinguish_v from_o a_o bare_a fitness_n but_o here_o we_o must_v take_v heed_n that_o we_o do_v not_o confound_v thing_n that_o be_v of_o diverse_a kind_n for_o he_o to_o who_o the_o choice_n of_o magistrate_n be_v commit_v be_v oblige_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o choose_v a_o man_n that_o be_v worthy_a and_o to_o exact_v this_o of_o he_o the_o commonwealth_n have_v a_o peculiar_a right_n in_o so_o much_o that_o if_o by_o his_o evil_a choice_n the_o commonwealth_n sustain_v any_o damage_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o repair_v it_o so_o any_o citizen_n that_o be_v not_o unworthy_a though_o he_o have_v no_o proper_a right_n to_o any_o office_n yet_o have_v he_o this_o true_a right_n that_o he_o may_v be_v a_o competitor_n for_o it_o as_o well_o as_o other_o and_o in_o case_n he_o shall_v be_v either_o by_o fraud_n or_o force_n hinder_v in_o this_o his_o right_n he_o may_v sue_v for_o satisfaction_n though_o not_o to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o office_n he_o seek_v yet_o to_o the_o value_n of_o his_o uncertain_a damage_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o he_o to_o who_o a_o testator_n will_v but_o be_v by_o fraud_n or_o force_n hinder_v can_v give_v a_o legacy_n for_o a_o capacity_n to_o receive_v a_o legacy_n be_v a_o certain_a right_n and_o consequent_o to_o hinder_v the_o testator_n of_o his_o freedom_n to_o bequeath_v it_o be_v a_o injury_n that_o require_v reparation_n iv_o a_o damage_n extend_v to_o the_o fruit_n and_o profit_n a_o man_n shall_v be_v understand_v to_o have_v less_o than_o his_o due_n and_o consequent_o to_o be_v damnify_v not_o only_o in_o the_o thing_n itself_o but_o in_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v proper_o the_o fruit_n arise_v from_o it_o whether_o it_o be_v perceive_v or_o not_o if_o he_o be_v to_o have_v perceive_v they_o deduct_v the_o cost_n which_o he_o be_v at_o in_o the_o meliorate_n of_o the_o thing_n or_o the_o charge_n which_o he_o necessary_o shall_v have_v be_v at_o in_o the_o perceive_v of_o they_o according_a to_o that_o rule_n that_o forbid_v we_o to_o make_v ourselves_o gainer_n by_o other_o man_n loss_n v._o and_o to_o the_o gain_n that_o cease_v and_o how_o so_o also_o the_o hope_n of_o gain_n by_o that_o which_o be_v our_o own_o be_v valuable_a not_o as_o if_o it_o be_v gain_v but_o according_a to_o the_o nearness_n of_o our_o hope_n to_o gain_v it_o as_o the_o nearness_n of_o the_o harvest_n to_o he_o that_o in_o hope_n thereof_o sow_v his_o own_o land_n vi_o of_o damage_n give_v primary_o beside_o he_o that_o immediate_o do_v the_o wrong_n other_o also_o may_v be_v oblige_v to_o reparation_n either_o by_o do_v what_o they_o ought_v not_o or_o by_o not_o do_v what_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v do_v by_o do_v and_o that_o either_o primary_o or_o secondary_o primary_o as_o he_o that_o command_v the_o do_v of_o it_o he_o that_o be_v require_v give_v his_o consent_n unto_o it_o he_o that_o assist_v in_o
his_o gain_n but_o if_o the_o thing_n take_v away_o do_v perish_v than_o the_o value_n of_o it_o not_o to_o the_o high_a rate_n nor_o to_o the_o low_a but_o moderate_v among_o these_o we_o may_v also_o rank_a such_o as_o defraud_v prince_n of_o their_o lawful_a custom_n and_o contribution_n in_o like_a manner_n be_v they_o bind_v to_o reparation_n that_o have_v wrong_v other_o by_o either_o their_o unjust_a sentence_n or_o unjust_a accusation_n or_o by_o their_o false_a testimony_n xvii_o in_o he_o that_o by_o fear_n or_o fraud_n cause_v a_o promise_n as_o also_o he_o that_o shall_v either_o by_o fraud_n force_n or_o unjust_a fear_n urge_v a_o contract_n or_o a_o promise_n from_o any_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o make_v reparation_n to_o the_o full_a for_o hereby_o he_o rob_v the_o man_n he_o deal_v with_o of_o a_o double_a right_n first_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o contract_n he_o have_v this_o right_n that_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v deceive_v and_o then_o by_o the_o natural_a liberty_n that_o every_o man_n shall_v have_v he_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v enforce_v or_o unjust_o affright_v and_o among_o these_o we_o may_v likewise_o range_v those_o that_o will_v not_o perform_v what_o by_o their_o office_n they_o be_v bind_v to_o do_v without_o bribe_n xviii_o what_o if_o the_o fear_n be_v natural_o just_a but_o he_o that_o have_v give_v just_a cause_n why_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v by_o force_n or_o fear_v compel_v have_v reason_n to_o blame_v himself_o for_o a_o involuntary_a act_n arise_v from_o a_o voluntary_a be_v natural_o reckon_v for_o a_o voluntary_a xix_o what_o if_o the_o fear_n be_v hold_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n for_o just_a but_o as_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o nation_n all_o war_n make_v and_o denounce_v by_o the_o supreme_a power_n on_o both_o side_n be_v repute_v just_a as_o to_o to_o the_o external_a effect_n whereof_o we_o shall_v speak_v more_o anon_o so_o be_v the_o fear_n of_o such_o a_o war_n so_o far_o repute_v just_a that_o whatsoever_o be_v obtain_v thereby_o can_v be_v require_v back_o in_o which_o sense_n that_o distinction_n of_o cicero_n may_v be_v admit_v which_o he_o make_v between_o a_o enemy_n with_o who_o we_o enjoy_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o nation_n many_o common_a right_n and_o a_o thief_n or_o pirate_n for_o if_o these_o extort_v any_o thing_n from_o we_o by_o fear_n we_o may_v require_v it_o back_o unless_o we_o be_v bind_v by_o oath_n not_o to_o do_v it_o but_o so_o we_o can_v do_v from_o a_o enemy_n wherefore_o what_o polybius_n write_v concern_v the_o second_o punic_a war_n namely_o that_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v just_a cause_n to_o make_v it_o because_o the_o roman_n by_o denounce_v war_n against_o they_o whilst_o they_o be_v engage_v in_o another_o war_n against_o their_o seditious_a mercenary_n have_v enforce_v they_o from_o the_o island_n of_o sardinia_n and_o a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n have_v indeed_o some_o show_n of_o equity_n but_o be_v not_o agreeable_a with_o the_o common_a right_n of_o nation_n as_o we_o shall_v elsewhere_o prove_v xx._n how_o far_o the_o civil_a power_n be_v bind_v by_o damage_n do_v by_o their_o subject_n king_n and_o magistrate_n be_v oblige_v to_o reparation_n if_o they_o do_v not_o make_v use_n of_o such_o remedy_n against_o thief_n and_o pirate_n to_o suppress_v they_o as_o they_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o do_v for_o which_o neglect_n the_o scyrian_o be_v condemn_v by_o the_o amphictyones_n i_o remember_v that_o this_o case_n be_v once_o propose_v among_o we_o when_o our_o estate_n have_v grant_v letter_n of_o mart_n against_o our_o enemy_n some_o of_o those_o to_o who_o these_o letter_n be_v grant_v abuse_v themselves_o and_o we_o have_v rob_v our_o friend_n and_o leave_v our_o country_n betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o sea_n and_o though_o recall_v will_v not_o return_v whence_o arise_v this_o question_n whether_o our_o state_n be_v bind_v to_o repair_v the_o damage_n they_o by_o reason_n of_o letter_n of_o mart_n grant_v they_o either_o because_o they_o make_v use_v of_o such_o wicked_a instrument_n or_o because_o they_o do_v not_o require_v from_o they_o sufficient_a caution_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o transgress_v their_o commission_n whereunto_o i_o give_v this_o answer_n that_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o no_o more_o than_o to_o punish_v they_o be_v find_v or_o to_o deliver_v they_o up_o and_o beside_o to_o take_v care_n that_o reparation_n shall_v be_v make_v out_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o delinquent_n case_n a_o judge_v case_n for_o that_o the_o state_n be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o depredation_n nor_o do_v they_o participate_v of_o they_o that_o they_o have_v forbid_v they_o by_o severe_a law_n to_o wrong_v their_o friend_n but_o to_o require_v caution_n from_o they_o they_o be_v not_o by_o any_o law_n oblige_v see_v that_o they_o may_v empower_v all_o their_o subject_n without_o any_o codicil_n to_o make_v what_o spoil_n they_o can_v of_o whatsoever_o be_v their_o enemy_n as_o have_v be_v ancient_o do_v neither_o be_v this_o permission_n the_o true_a cause_n of_o the_o wrong_n do_v unto_o their_o friend_n see_v that_o private_a man_n may_v arm_v their_o ship_n and_o put_v out_o to_o sea_n even_o without_o permission_n neither_o can_v they_o foresee_v that_o these_o man_n will_v prove_v wicked_a nor_o can_v they_o altogether_o avoid_v the_o make_v use_n of_o wicked_a man_n for_o than_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o they_o to_o raise_v a_o army_n neither_o if_o their_o soldier_n either_o by_o sea_n or_o land_n do_v injure_v their_o friend_n contrary_a to_o the_o command_n of_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n be_v they_o oblige_v to_o reparation_n as_o may_v easy_o be_v prove_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o france_n and_o england_n yet_o in_o a_o league_n between_o francis_n de_fw-fr valois_n king_n of_o france_n and_z henry_n the_o eight_o of_o england_n 54._o herbert_n henry_n the_o 8._o page_n 54._o it_o be_v agree_v the_o better_a to_o prevent_v depredation_n by_o sea_n that_o no_o merchant_n of_o either_o nation_n shall_v depart_v out_o of_o their_o port_n without_o give_v caution_n to_o their_o respective_a admiral_n that_o no_o wrong_a or_o molestation_n shall_v be_v do_v by_o sea_n to_o either_o of_o their_o subject_n but_o that_o any_o man_n shall_v be_v bind_v to_o repair_v the_o damage_n which_o his_o servant_n shall_v without_o his_o fault_n and_o against_o his_o command_n do_v unto_o other_o belong_v not_o to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n by_o which_o this_o cause_n ought_v proper_o to_o be_v judge_v but_o to_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o yet_o not_o in_o the_o general_n but_o as_o it_o be_v introduce_v for_o some_o particular_a reason_n against_o mariner_n and_o some_o other_o and_o thus_o have_v this_o case_n be_v determine_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o supreme_a assembly_n against_o certain_a pomeranian_o and_o that_o according_a to_o precedent_n of_o thing_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n two_o age_n before_o xxi_o the_o owner_n of_o a_o ship_n or_o beast_n that_o hurt_v his_o neighbour_n not_o bind_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n this_o also_o be_v worthy_a our_o observation_n that_o it_o proceed_v from_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o not_o from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n that_o we_o deliver_v up_o our_o beast_n or_o bondslave_n to_o punishment_n which_o have_v endamage_v our_o neighbour_n for_o the_o owner_n of_o they_o be_v innocent_a be_v natural_o bind_v to_o nothing_o as_o neither_o be_v he_o who_o ship_n without_o his_o fault_n fall_v foul_a and_o hurt_v another_o though_o by_o the_o law_n of_o diverse_a nation_n as_o well_o as_o we_o such_o damage_n be_v usual_o divide_v between_o both_o because_o it_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o be_v prove_v xxii_o the_o damage_n against_o a_o man_n honour_n how_o to_o be_v tepair_v but_o the_o wound_n we_o receive_v in_o our_o honour_n or_o fame_n as_o by_o stripe_n reproach_n curse_n and_o such_o like_a must_v have_v their_o proper_a cure_n and_o in_o these_o no_o less_o than_o in_o theft_n and_o other_o crime_n the_o heinousness_n of_o the_o fact_n be_v discern_v by_o the_o effect_n for_o as_o in_o those_o our_o reparation_n consist_v in_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o thief_n so_o in_o this_o the_o damage_n we_o sustain_v be_v repair_v by_o confession_n of_o the_o fault_n and_o by_o exhibit_v all_o due_a honour_n to_o he_o who_o be_v wrong_v and_o the_o public_a testimony_n give_v both_o of_o his_o innocency_n and_o our_o own_o repentance_n and_o such_o like_a mean_n although_o the_o offender_n in_o this_o kind_n may_v be_v punish_v in_o his_o purse_n if_o the_o injure_a person_n desire_v it_o because_o money_n be_v the_o common_a standard_n whereby_o all_o thing_n tend_v to_o profit_n be_v measure_v chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o right_n of_o embassage_n i._o there_o be_v some_o
obligation_n that_o arise_v from_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n as_o the_o right_n of_o embassage_n ii_o among_o who_o this_o right_n take_v place_n iii_o whether_o a_o embassage_n be_v always_o to_o be_v admit_v iv_o against_o such_o ambassador_n as_o endeavour_v to_o raise_v sedition_n our_o defence_n be_v lawful_a but_o not_o the_o exact_v of_o punishment_n v._o he_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o the_o right_n of_o a_o embassage_n to_o who_o the_o ambassador_n be_v not_o send_v vi_o a_o enemy_n be_v bind_v if_o the_o ambassador_n be_v send_v unto_o he_o vii_o ambassador_n not_o subject_a to_o the_o law_n of_o retaliation_n viii_o the_o right_n due_a to_o ambassador_n be_v due_a also_o to_o their_o companion_n and_o follower_n if_o the_o ambassador_n please_v ix_o and_o to_o their_o movable_a good_n x._o example_n of_o obligation_n where_o there_o be_v no_o law_n to_o enforce_v xi_o how_o far_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n this_o right_n of_o embassage_n be_v in_o esteem_n i._o the_o right_n of_o embassage_n arise_v from_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n we_o have_v hitherto_o discourse_v of_o such_o thing_n as_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v due_a unto_o we_o intersert_v some_o few_o thing_n which_o the_o voluntary_a law_n of_o nation_n have_v supperad_v to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o remain_v now_o that_o we_o come_v to_o such_o obligation_n as_o the_o very_a voluntary_a law_n of_o nation_n have_v of_o itself_o introduce_v whereof_o the_o chief_a head_n be_v of_o the_o right_n of_o embassage_n we_o have_v in_o all_o history_n mention_v make_v of_o the_o sacred_a and_o inviolable_a right_n of_o embassage_n of_o the_o sanctimony_n of_o ambassador_n the_o right_n of_o nation_n peculiar_o due_a unto_o they_o the_o right_n of_o embassage_n sacred_a among_o all_o nation_n sanctum_fw-la populis_fw-la per_fw-la saecula_fw-la nomen_fw-la age_n and_o nation_n do_v this_o name_n revere_a say_v papinius_n if_o any_o man_n shall_v strike_v a_o ambassador_n though_o send_v from_o a_o enemy_n he_o be_v say_v to_o violate_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n because_o ambassador_n be_v account_v sacred_a say_v pomponius_n and_o therefore_o if_o whilst_o a_o ambassador_n from_o any_o nation_n legationibus_fw-la i._o si_fw-la quis_fw-la d._n de_fw-fr legationibus_fw-la be_v resident_a with_o we_o war_n be_v denounce_v against_o they_o it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n that_o if_o he_o please_v he_o may_v remain_v with_o we_o quintus_fw-la mucius_n will_v have_v he_o that_o presume_v to_o strike_v a_o ambassador_n to_o be_v deliver_v up_o to_o that_o enemy_n who_o ambassador_n he_o be_v 15._o ant._n lib._n 15._o josephus_n also_o high_o extol_v the_o sacred_a privilege_n of_o ambassador_n who_o be_v honour_v with_o the_o same_o name_n and_o title_n as_o be_v the_o angel_n who_o be_v god_n ambassador_n corpora_fw-la legatorum_fw-la sancta_fw-la the_o person_n of_o legate_n say_v varro_n be_v holy_a 3._o varro_n 3._o so_o likewise_o cicero_n the_o right_n of_o ambassador_n be_v guard_v by_o all_o law_n both_o divine_a and_o humane_a who_o very_a name_n be_v so_o venerable_a that_o it_o secure_v their_o person_n not_o only_o among_o the_o law_n of_o their_o friend_n but_o among_o the_o very_a weapon_n of_o their_o enemy_n wherefore_o to_o violate_v this_o right_n be_v not_o unjust_a only_o but_o impious_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o plutarch_n call_v it_o 15._o vit._n aemil._n ant._n lib._n 15._o wherewith_o accord_v that_o also_o of_o josephus_n where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o very_a name_n of_o a_o ambassador_n be_v so_o sacred_a that_o it_o be_v able_a to_o reconcile_v one_o enemy_n to_o another_o for_o what_o can_v argue_v more_o impiety_n than_o to_o kill_v ambassador_n intercede_v for_o peace_n and_o to_o speak_v general_o say_v totilas_n 3._o procop._n goth._n 3._o ambassador_n be_v reverence_v among_o all_o nation_n though_o barbarous_a and_o good_a reason_n for_o even_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o war_n they_o be_v the_o sole_a mediator_n for_o peace_n and_o he_o that_o assume_v the_o office_n of_o a_o ambassador_n do_v for_o that_o time_n put_v off_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o enemy_n ii_o among_o who_o this_o right_n take_v place_n but_o yet_o we_o must_v in_o the_o first_o place_n know_v that_o this_o right_n of_o nation_n whatever_o it_o be_v belong_v to_o such_o legate_n only_o who_o be_v send_v by_o such_o as_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n in_o both_o nation_n between_o themselves_o for_o such_o as_o be_v send_v from_o province_n particular_a city_n or_o other_o subordinate_a power_n be_v govern_v not_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o be_v between_o diverse_a people_n but_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n a_o ambassador_n in_o livy_n call_v himself_o the_o public_a messenger_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o in_o another_o place_n the_o roman_a senate_n declare_v that_o the_o right_n of_o embassage_n be_v grant_v not_o to_o a_o citizen_n but_o to_o a_o foreigner_n and_o cicero_n to_o prove_v that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o send_v ambassador_n to_o m._n anthony_n say_v non_fw-la enim_fw-la cum_fw-la hannibale_n res_fw-la est_fw-la host_n reipublicae_fw-la sed_fw-la cum_fw-la cive_z for_o we_o have_v not_o now_o to_o do_v with_o hannibal_n a_o public_a enemy_n but_o with_o a_o citizen_n and_o a_o subject_a now_o what_o be_v mean_v by_o a_o foreigner_n virgil_n will_v inform_v we_o as_o well_o as_o any_o lawyer_n can_v do_v a_o foreign_a land_n be_v that_o as_o i_o suppose_v which_o be_v free_a to_o we_o no_o duty_n owe_v but_o they_o that_o be_v confederate_n though_o upon_o term_n very_o unequal_a yet_o because_o they_o be_v svi_fw-la juris_fw-la a_o free_a people_n have_v likewise_o this_o right_n of_o send_v embassage_n yea_o and_o they_o also_o that_o be_v partly_o subject_n and_o partly_o free_a for_o that_o part_n wherein_o they_o be_v free_a but_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v conquer_v in_o a_o solemn_a war_n and_o drive_v out_o of_o their_o kingdom_n do_v lose_v together_o with_o their_o other_o good_n this_o right_n of_o send_v ambassador_n and_o therefore_o do_v paulus_n aemilius_n have_v conquer_v perseus_n in_o open_a war_n detain_v the_o herald_n which_o he_o send_v unto_o he_o but_o yet_o in_o civil_a war_n necessity_n do_v sometime_o plead_v for_o the_o admittance_n of_o this_o right_n though_o irregular_a as_o namely_o when_o the_o people_n be_v so_o equal_o divide_v into_o part_n that_o it_o be_v a_o hard_a matter_n to_o judge_v in_o whether_o part_n consist_v the_o right_a of_o empire_n or_o when_o two_o person_n with_o very_a equal_a title_n contend_v for_o the_o succession_n for_o in_o this_o case_n one_o nation_n for_o that_o time_n may_v be_v account_v as_o two_o 3._o hist_o l._n 3._o thus_o be_v the_o flaviani_n accuse_v by_o tacitus_n that_o in_o their_o civil_a discord_n they_o have_v violate_v the_o right_n of_o ambassador_n sacred_a even_o among_o barbarous_a nation_n in_o the_o vitellian_o and_o magnensius_fw-la in_o zosimus_n do_v long_o debate_v it_o in_o his_o mind_n 11._o zof_n l._n 11._o whether_o he_o shall_v dismiss_v philip_n who_o be_v send_v he_o on_o a_o embassy_n from_o constantine_n without_o answer_n or_o despise_v the_o privilege_n of_o ambassador_n detain_v he_o pirate_n and_o thief_n be_v enemy_n to_o civil_a society_n can_v have_v no_o benefit_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n spartactus_fw-la in_o appian_n offer_v to_o enter_v into_o a_o league_n with_o crassus_n but_o be_v reject_v with_o scorn_n and_o tiberius_n when_o tacfarinus_n send_v ambassador_n to_o he_o be_v high_o vex_v to_o see_v a_o traitor_n and_o a_o thief_n to_o treat_v with_o he_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o enemy_n which_o be_v the_o very_a word_n of_o tacitus_n yet_o sometime_o these_o also_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o right_n of_o embassage_n upon_o their_o faith_n give_v as_o of_o old_a those_o fugitive_n civili_fw-la lib._n 3._o de_fw-la bello_fw-la civili_fw-la in_o the_o pyrenean_n wood_n be_v who_o caesar_n mention_n yet_o be_v this_o a_o particular_a indulgence_n give_v at_o that_o time_n by_o he_o which_o by_o the_o law_n of_o natition_n be_v not_o due_a nor_o aught_o to_o be_v give_v to_o subject_n iii_o whether_o a_o embassage_n be_v always_o to_o be_v admit_v there_o be_v a_o twofold_a right_o due_a to_o ambassador_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n first_o that_o they_o be_v admit_v second_o that_o they_o be_v not_o injure_v as_o concern_v the_o former_a livy_n bring_v in_o hanno_n inveigh_v against_o hannibal_n in_o the_o senate_n of_o carthage_n thus_o our_o goodly_a general_n refuse_v to_o admit_v into_o his_o camp_n ambassador_n come_v from_o friend_n and_o for_o friend_n jus_fw-la gentium_fw-la sustulit_fw-la he_o have_v break_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o notwithstanding_o must_v not_o be_v understand_v so_o large_o as_o if_o none_o shall_v be_v deny_v for_o a_o prince_n may_v deny_v a_o
wherefore_o in_o case_n any_o heinous_a crime_n be_v commit_v by_o they_o they_o be_v require_v to_o be_v deliver_v up_o by_o the_o ambassador_n to_o punishment_n but_o they_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o be_v take_v from_o he_o by_o force_n which_o when_o once_o do_v by_o the_o achaian_n who_o seize_v upon_o some_o lacedaemonian_n who_o attend_v upon_o the_o roman_a ambassador_n the_o roman_n present_o cry_v out_o that_o they_o have_v violate_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n whereunto_o also_o we_o may_v refer_v the_o judgement_n of_o sallust_n concern_v bomilcar_n which_o we_o have_v former_o quote_v but_o if_o the_o ambassador_n shall_v refuse_v to_o deliver_v he_o than_o we_o be_v to_o proceed_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o be_v before_o prescribe_v against_o the_o ambassador_n himself_o but_o whether_o the_o ambassador_n have_v jurisdiction_n over_o his_o own_o family_n or_o whether_o his_o house_n be_v a_o sanctuary_n for_o all_o such_o as_o shall_v fly_v unto_o it_o for_o refuge_n depend_v upon_o the_o pleasure_n of_o he_o to_o who_o he_o be_v send_v for_o this_o belong_v not_o at_o all_o to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n ix_o and_o to_o their_o movable_a good_n the_o movable_a good_n also_o of_o a_o ambassador_n and_o whatsoever_o else_o shall_v appertain_v to_o his_o person_n be_v not_o to_o be_v receive_v in_o pawn_n or_o attach_v for_o any_o debt_n neither_o by_o any_o ordinary_a course_n of_o law_n nor_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n himself_o which_o some_o hold_n as_o the_o true_a opinion_n for_o no_o force_n or_o compulsion_n must_v be_v by_o any_o mean_n use_v against_o he_o or_o he_o that_o so_o he_o may_v enjoy_v a_o absolute_a and_o perfect_a security_n and_o if_o he_o shall_v have_v contract_v any_o debt_n and_o have_v no_o real_a estate_n as_o it_o usual_o fall_v out_o he_o must_v only_o be_v fair_o entreat_v to_o discharge_v they_o which_o if_o he_o refuse_v then_o be_v he_o that_o send_v he_o to_o be_v likewise_o entreat_v to_o pay_v they_o but_o if_o neither_o will_v do_v it_o then_o in_o the_o last_o place_n we_o must_v flee_v to_o such_o remedy_n as_o be_v provide_v against_o such_o debtor_n as_o do_v reside_v in_o foreign_a country_n yet_o be_v it_o no_o breach_n of_o their_o privilege_n that_o their_o coffer_n be_v search_v at_o their_o first_o entrance_n in_o case_n it_o be_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n whereunto_o they_o be_v send_v as_o it_o happen_v to_o sir_n thomas_n chaloner_n in_o spain_n who_o complain_v thereof_o to_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o desire_v to_o be_v recall_v 1561._o cambden_n eliz._n anno_fw-la 1561._o be_v prudent_o answer_v by_o that_o most_o wise_a queen_n that_o a_o ambassador_n shall_v take_v all_o thing_n in_o good_a part_n so_o as_o his_o prince_n honour_n be_v not_o direct_o violate_v x._o example_n where_o there_o be_v obligation_n but_o no_o power_n to_o compel_v neither_o be_v there_o any_o cause_n to_o fear_v as_o some_o may_v imagine_v that_o if_o the_o case_n be_v thus_o with_o ambassador_n no_o man_n will_v trust_v they_o or_o make_v any_o contract_n with_o they_o for_o the_o king_n himself_o though_o he_o can_v be_v compel_v to_o any_o thing_n yet_o never_o want_v creditor_n if_o they_o give_v good_a price_n and_o among_o some_o nation_n as_o damascen_n inform_v we_o it_o be_v customable_a that_o as_o to_o such_o debt_n as_o be_v contract_v upon_o trust_n there_o be_v no_o remedy_n provide_v by_o law_n no_o more_o than_o there_o be_v against_o man_n that_o be_v ungrateful_a so_o that_o man_n in_o those_o part_n be_v compel_v either_o to_o pay_v ready_o for_o what_o they_o buy_v and_o on_o both_o side_n to_o fulfil_v alike_o all_o their_o agreement_n or_o to_o content_v themselves_o with_o the_o bare_a faith_n and_o credit_n of_o the_o debtor_n seneca_n seem_v to_o envy_v the_o happiness_n of_o those_o country_n by_o wish_v the_o same_o custom_n in_o all_o place_n 15._o de_fw-fr benef_fw-fr lib._n 3._o c._n 15._o i_o will_v to_o god_n say_v he_o that_o we_o can_v persuade_v all_o people_n that_o money_n lend_v upon_o credit_n shall_v be_v recover_v only_o from_o those_o man_n who_o be_v willing_a to_o pay_v and_o that_o no_o stipulation_n shall_v bind_v the_o buyer_n to_o the_o seller_n and_o that_o no_o write_a contract_n or_o covenant_n under_o hand_n and_o seal_n shall_v be_v preserve_v but_o rather_o that_o the_o performance_n of_o they_o shall_v be_v leave_v to_o the_o faith_n and_o honesty_n of_o the_o debtor_n appian_n relate_v of_o the_o persian_n that_o they_o hate_v the_o borrow_n of_o money_n as_o be_v a_o inlet_n to_o fraud_n falshood_n and_o perjury_n 15._o lib._n 4._o lib._n 15._o and_o aelian_a report_n the_o very_a same_o of_o the_o indian_n with_o who_o agree_v strabo_n in_o these_o word_n judicia_fw-la non_fw-la esse_fw-la nisi_fw-la de_fw-la caede_fw-la &_o injuria_fw-la etc._n etc._n there_o be_v no_o judicatory_n unless_o it_o be_v for_o murder_n and_o injury_n do_v because_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o any_o man_n to_o avoid_v these_o but_o as_o to_o contract_n and_o agreement_n it_o be_v in_o the_o choice_n of_o every_o man_n to_o make_v they_o or_o to_o refuse_v they_o and_o therefore_o if_o any_o man_n break_v his_o faith_n with_o we_o we_o be_v to_o bear_v it_o patient_o and_o to_o learn_v rather_o to_o be_v wise_a in_o take_v heed_n before_o hand_n who_o we_o trust_v than_o by_o our_o folly_n to_o fill_v the_o city_n we_o live_v in_o with_o lawsuit_n it_o be_v also_o wise_o enact_v by_o charonda_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v have_v his_o action_n at_o law_n against_o that_o man_n who_o faith_n he_o think_v fit_a to_o take_v for_o the_o price_n of_o what_o he_o sell_v he_o which_o plato_n likewise_o approve_v of_o 15._o l._n 8._o de_fw-fr leg._n mor._n nic._n 8._o 15._o this_o be_v also_o observe_v by_o aristotle_n in_o some_o country_n say_v he_o there_o be_v no_o recover_v of_o such_o debt_n by_o lawsuit_n for_o they_o conceive_v that_o man_n ought_v to_o acquiesce_v and_o to_o be_v content_v with_o the_o faith_n of_o that_o man_n who_o they_o think_v worthy_a to_o be_v trust_v 1._o mor._n l._n 9_o c._n 1._o so_o in_o another_o place_n some_o country_n there_o be_v where_o the_o law_n do_v forbid_v a_o man_n to_o recover_v by_o law_n that_o which_o he_o have_v trust_v upon_o the_o faith_n of_o another_o as_o if_o he_o with_o who_o we_o have_v make_v any_o contract_n and_o on_o who_o faith_n we_o have_v take_v be_v private_o only_a to_o be_v deal_v with_o those_o argument_n which_o from_o the_o roman_a law_n be_v bring_v against_o this_o opinion_n be_v to_o be_v refer_v not_o unto_o our_o ambassador_n but_o unto_o such_o as_o be_v send_v from_o province_n or_o from_o particular_a city_n xi_o profane_a history_n be_v full_a of_o the_o example_n of_o war_n undertake_v for_o the_o affront_v offer_v to_o ambassador_n and_o in_o the_o sacred_a story_n we_o read_v of_o a_o war_n make_v by_o king_n david_n against_o the_o ammonite_n upon_o that_o ground_n neither_o can_v there_o be_v any_o cause_n more_o just_a as_o cicero_n plead_v against_o king_n mithridates_n chap._n xix_o of_o the_o right_n of_o burial_n i._o from_o the_o same_o law_n of_o nation_n arise_v the_o right_a of_o bury_v the_o dead_a ii_o whence_o this_o spring_n iii_o it_o be_v due_a even_o to_o enemy_n iv_o whether_o to_o such_o as_o be_v notorious_o wicked_a v._o whether_o to_o such_o as_o kill_v themselves_o vi_o what_o other_o thing_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n due_a i._o from_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n arise_v the_o right_a of_o burial_n from_o the_o same_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o be_v voluntary_a arise_v the_o right_a of_o bury_v the_o body_n of_o the_o dead_a dion_z chrysostome_n among_o those_o custom_n which_o he_o oppose_v to_o write_v law_n place_v this_o of_o burial_n next_o to_o the_o right_n due_a to_o ambassador_n and_o seneca_n the_o father_n among_o those_o law_n that_o be_v unwritten_a which_o yet_o be_v more_o firm_a and_o bind_v than_o those_o that_o be_v write_v insert_v this_o of_o the_o interment_n of_o the_o dead_a the_o hebrew_n historiographer_n philo_n and_o josephus_n term_v this_o the_o right_a of_o nature_n and_o isidore_n pelusiota_n one_o of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o it_o be_v very_o usual_a with_o they_o to_o comprehend_v all_o such_o custom_n as_o be_v common_a among_o all_o nation_n and_o agreeable_a to_o natural_a reason_n under_o the_o notion_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v and_o no_o marvel_n 19_o epist_n ult_n edit_fw-la 491._o lib._n 12._o lib._n 13._o hist_o 8._o 19_o see_v that_o as_o aelian_a speak_v the_o burial_n of_o the_o dead_a be_v a_o thing_n command_v even_o by_o nature_n
be_v about_o word_n only_o which_o a_o philosopher_n shall_v principal_o avoid_v for_o as_o he_o that_o write_v to_o herennius_n true_o note_n vitiosum_fw-la est_fw-la controversiam_fw-la intendere_fw-la propter_fw-la nominum_fw-la mutationem_fw-la 2._o lib._n 2._o to_o heighten_v controversy_n about_o the_o change_n of_o name_n be_v vicious_a and_o as_o st_n augustine_n argue_v against_o the_o academic_n turpe_fw-la est_fw-la disputationibus_fw-la in_o verborum_fw-la quaestione_fw-la immorari_fw-la cùm_fw-la certamen_fw-la nullum_fw-la de_fw-la rebus_fw-la remanserit_fw-la it_o be_v absurd_a to_o contest_v about_o word_n only_o when_o there_o remain_v no_o difference_n at_o all_o about_o thing_n xxiv_o yea_o and_o after_o the_o penal_a law_n but_o the_o pardon_v of_o offence_n after_o the_o penal_a law_n be_v past_a seem_v to_o be_v more_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o integrity_n of_o a_o prince_n because_o he_o that_o be_v the_o author_n of_o the_o law_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n bind_v up_o by_o his_o own_o law_n which_o be_v true_a as_o the_o lawmaker_n be_v a_o member_n of_o the_o city_n and_o as_o so_o only_o consider_v but_o not_o as_o he_o sustain_v the_o authority_n 12._o vid._n sup_v c._n 4._o sect._n 12._o and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o body_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n for_o as_o such_o he_o may_v take_v away_o even_o the_o whole_a law_n for_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o humane_a law_n be_v such_o that_o it_o depend_v upon_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lawmaker_n not_o in_o respect_n of_o its_o institution_n only_o but_o of_o its_o continuation_n they_o humane_a law_n alterable_a by_o he_o that_o make_v they_o but_o in_o case_n he_o do_v subvert_v or_o take_v away_o any_o law_n without_o some_o probable_a reason_n or_o cause_n he_o sin_n against_o the_o rule_n of_o polity_n but_o as_o he_o may_v take_v away_o the_o whole_a law_n so_o also_o may_v he_o take_v away_o the_o condemn_a power_n of_o the_o law_n as_o to_o this_o or_o that_o person_n or_o to_o this_o or_o that_o particular_a fact_n the_o same_o law_n remain_v in_o force_n as_o to_o other_o by_o the_o example_n of_o god_n himself_o who_o as_o lactantius_n observe_v when_o he_o institute_v law_n for_o man_n do_v not_o intend_v to_o deprive_v himself_o of_o the_o power_n of_o pardon_v such_o as_o shall_v offend_v against_o those_o law_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o a_o prince_n to_o revoke_v the_o sentence_n of_o death_n and_o to_o absolve_v a_o person_n though_o condemn_v to_o die_v say_v st_n augustine_n whereof_o he_o add_v this_o as_o the_o reason_n quia_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la subjectus_fw-la legibus_fw-la qui_fw-la habet_fw-la in_o potestate_fw-la leges_fw-la far_o because_o he_o be_v not_o subject_a unto_o law_n in_o who_o power_n it_o be_v to_o make_v law_n for_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o magistrate_n be_v one_o and_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o prince_n be_v another_o the_o magistrate_n be_v corrupt_a if_o his_o sentence_n be_v more_o remiss_a than_o the_o law_n but_o to_o mitigate_v the_o rigour_n of_o a_o severe_a law_n be_v sometime_o the_o glory_n of_o a_o prince_n seneca_n speak_v in_o the_o person_n of_o nero_n say_v occidere_fw-la contra_fw-la legem_fw-la nemo_fw-la potest_fw-la 63._o symmachus_n lib._n 3._o ep._n 63._o seruare_fw-la nemo_fw-la praeter_fw-la i_o kill_v contrary_a to_o law_n no_o man_n can_v and_o save_v none_o can_v beside_o myself_o but_o this_o also_o must_v be_v understand_v so_o that_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v do_v without_o probable_a cause_n but_o what_o these_o probable_a cause_n be_v though_o it_o can_v be_v particular_o define_v yet_o must_v we_o grant_v that_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v great_a after_o the_o law_n be_v past_a than_o those_o that_o be_v look_v at_o before_o because_o unto_o the_o other_o cause_n for_o which_o punishment_n be_v require_v there_o be_v superad_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o law_n which_o be_v fit_a shall_v be_v maintain_v xxv_o cause_n free_v from_o punishment_n intrinsic_a 1._o intrinsic_a but_o the_o cause_n exempt_n any_o man_n from_o the_o penalty_n of_o the_o law_n be_v usual_o either_o intrinsical_v or_o extrinsical_a intrinsical_a as_o when_o the_o punishment_n compare_v with_o the_o fact_n be_v severe_a if_o not_o unjust_a xxvi_o or_o extrinsical_a extrinsical_a when_o a_o man_n former_a merit_n or_o some_o other_o thing_n commend_v the_o person_n offend_v plead_v strong_o for_o his_o pardon_n or_o when_o we_o discern_v some_o extraordinary_a hope_n of_o future_a good_a in_o the_o delinquent_n but_o especial_o if_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n do_v at_o least_o particular_o cease_v in_o that_o fact_n for_o which_o the_o punishment_n be_v to_o be_v inflict_v for_o although_o the_o general_a reason_n of_o a_o law_n where_o it_o be_v not_o counterballance_v with_o a_o contrary_a reason_n be_v sufficient_a to_o uphold_v the_o vigour_n of_o the_o law_n yet_o the_o fail_v even_o of_o that_o which_o be_v the_o particular_a reason_n of_o the_o law_n do_v so_o far_o operate_v that_o the_o law_n may_v more_o easy_o and_o with_o less_o detriment_n to_o authority_n be_v dispense_v with_o as_o gratian_n prove_v by_o many_o instance_n 7._o c._n 1._o q._n 7._o and_o this_o usual_o fall_v out_o in_o such_o sin_n as_o be_v commit_v through_o ignorance_n though_o not_o altogether_o blameless_a or_o through_o infirmity_n of_o mind_n which_o haply_o may_v though_o not_o without_o much_o difficulty_n be_v overcome_v whereunto_o a_o christian_a prince_n ought_v to_o have_v some_o regard_n in_o imitation_n of_o god_n himself_o who_o in_o the_o jewish_a law_n do_v merciful_o provide_v that_o most_o sin_n of_o this_o nature_n shall_v by_o some_o kind_n of_o sacrifice_n be_v expiate_v as_o we_o may_v read_v in_o the_o four_o and_o five_o chapter_n of_o leviticus_n and_o as_o in_o the_o new_a testament_n we_o may_v find_v confirm_v both_o by_o word_n and_o example_n wherein_o he_o declare_v how_o willing_a he_o be_v to_o pardon_v such_o sin_n to_o those_o that_o repent_v as_o luke_n 23.34_o heb._n 4.15_o 1_o tim._n 1.13_o and_o by_o those_o very_a word_n of_o christ_n father_n forgive_v they_o for_o they_o know_v not_o what_o they_o do_v by_o which_o word_n theodosius_n the_o emperor_n be_v so_o wrought_v upon_o that_o he_o free_o forgive_v the_o antiochian_o who_o he_o have_v purpose_v to_o destroy_v as_o st_n chrysostome_n record_v xxvii_o yea_o though_o no_o such_o exemption_n be_v tacit_o include_v in_o the_o law_n hence_o than_o we_o may_v discern_v the_o error_n of_o ferdinandus_n vasquius_fw-la who_o teach_v that_o the_o law_n be_v in_o no_o case_n to_o be_v dispense_v with_o but_o only_o to_o such_o wherein_o the_o lawmaker_n have_v he_o be_v consult_v with_o will_v have_v confess_v that_o it_o be_v not_o his_o intent_n that_o in_o that_o case_n his_o law_n shall_v be_v observe_v for_o vasquius_fw-la there_o do_v not_o well_o distinguish_v between_o the_o equitable_a interpretation_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o relaxation_n of_o it_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o in_o another_o place_n he_o reprove_v thomas_n and_o scotus_n for_o say_v that_o the_o law_n be_v bind_v though_o the_o reason_n of_o that_o law_n do_v particular_o cease_v as_o if_o they_o take_v the_o law_n to_o consist_v in_o the_o bare_a letter_n which_o they_o never_o think_v but_o every_o relaxation_n of_o the_o law_n which_o may_v be_v and_o often_o be_v either_o grant_v or_o omit_v free_o at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v refer_v to_o equity_n proper_o so_o call_v that_o even_o that_o relaxation_n which_o be_v due_a either_o out_o of_o charity_n or_o polity_n be_v not_o to_o be_v refer_v thither_o for_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o take_v away_o the_o efficacy_n of_o the_o law_n upon_o some_o probable_a cause_n or_o upon_o some_o urgent_a occasion_n and_o another_o thing_n to_o declare_v that_o that_o fact_n be_v not_o at_o the_o law-making_a so_o much_o as_o think_v upon_o by_o the_o maker_n of_o it_o but_o let_v this_o suffice_v concern_v the_o take_n away_o the_o punishment_n now_o let_v we_o see_v what_o may_v be_v say_v concern_v their_o infliction_n xxviii_o all_o punishment_n be_v award_v according_a to_o man_n merit_n by_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v it_o appear_v that_o in_o punishment_n two_o thing_n be_v considerable_a first_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o crime_n second_o the_o profit_n that_o redound_v by_o the_o punishment_n as_o to_o the_o former_a nemo_fw-la puniendus_fw-la est_fw-la ultra_fw-la meritum_fw-la no_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v punish_v beyond_o the_o merit_n of_o his_o offence_n for_o as_o i_o say_v before_o there_o aught_o to_o be_v a_o equality_n between_o the_o sin_n and_o the_o punishment_n according_a to_o that_o of_o horace_n 15._o epist_n 15._o adsit_fw-la regula_n peccatis_fw-la quae_fw-la poenas_fw-la irroget_fw-la aequas_fw-la let_v sin_n have_v rule_n which_o equal_a pain_n require_v and_o not_o plague_v
be_v so_o forbid_v but_o be_v such_o rather_o as_o be_v interdict_v by_o the_o divine_a law_n in_o which_o number_n we_o may_v haply_o place_v the_o sin_n of_o fornication_n and_o some_o of_o those_o sin_n which_o we_o esteem_v to_o be_v incest_n usury_n etc._n etc._n thus_o asterius_n bishop_n of_o amasea_n they_o that_o yield_v obedience_n unto_o the_o civil_a law_n of_o prince_n only_o do_v leave_v whoredom_n unpunished_a so_o likewise_o st_n hierome_n to_o oceanus_n 9_o vide_fw-la hier._n ad_fw-la oceanum_fw-la supra_fw-la c._n 5._o sect_n 9_o the_o law_n of_o temporal_a prince_n let_v loose_v the_o reins_o of_o unbridled_a lust_n and_o condemn_v adultery_n only_o suffer_v man_n to_o run_v every_o where_o to_o stew_n and_o brothel-house_n without_o control_n as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o dignity_n that_o make_v the_o crime_n and_o not_o the_o will_n but_o with_o we_o what_o be_v unlawful_a for_o woman_n be_v likewise_o so_o for_o man_n the_o same_o yoke_n bind_v both_o to_o the_o same_o condition_n xliii_o in_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n we_o ought_v to_o distinguish_v between_o thing_n that_o be_v clear_a and_o that_o be_v obscure_a the_o three_o caution_n be_v that_o we_o diligent_o distinguish_v between_o those_o general_a maxim_n of_o reason_n that_o be_v manifest_a of_o themselves_o as_o this_o that_o every_o man_n ought_v to_o live_v honest_o that_o be_v according_a to_o the_o dictate_v of_o natural_a reason_n and_o other_o that_o be_v near_a unto_o these_o but_o so_o manifest_a that_o they_o can_v admit_v of_o no_o doubt_v such_o as_o this_o that_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o take_v away_o from_o another_o that_o which_o be_v he_o and_o between_o those_o maxim_n which_o be_v not_o of_o themselves_o so_o clear_a but_o must_v be_v collect_v from_o those_o before_o mention_v by_o consequence_n whereof_o some_o be_v easy_o draw_v as_o this_o admitting_z matrimony_n it_o follow_v that_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o commit_v adultery_n which_o be_v so_o general_o receive_v that_o as_o philo_n testify_v in_o the_o life_n of_o joseph_n it_o be_v every_o where_o punish_v and_o lactantius_n tell_v we_o that_o to_o defile_v the_o marriagebed_n be_v condemn_v by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o nation_n other_o though_o as_o true_a yet_o be_v not_o so_o manifest_o true_a because_o our_o assent_n unto_o they_o can_v be_v gain_v but_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o three_o or_o four_o consequence_n as_o this_o that_o that_o revenge_n that_o do_v acquiesce_v in_o another_o man_n grief_n be_v vicious_a it_o be_v here_o almost_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o mathematics_n wherein_o some_o thing_n be_v of_o the_o first_o notion_n or_o next_o unto_o the_o first_o some_o be_v demonstration_n which_o be_v immediate_o both_o understand_v and_o assent_v unto_o but_o some_o other_o though_o true_a yet_o be_v not_o so_o evident_a unto_o all_o therefore_o as_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n our_o ignorance_n of_o the_o law_n or_o of_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o the_o law_n do_v in_o part_n excuse_v we_o so_o concern_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n there_o be_v the_o same_o reason_n that_o our_o weakness_n to_o collect_v what_o be_v thereby_o forbid_v by_o such_o consequence_n or_o what_o a_o ill_a education_n have_v ingenerate_v in_o we_o shall_v also_o excuse_v we_o for_o as_o st_n hierome_n well_o observe_v vnaquaeque_fw-la gens_n hoc_fw-la legem_fw-la naturae_fw-la putat_fw-la quod_fw-la didicit_fw-la every_o nation_n think_v that_o to_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o it_o first_o imbibe_n now_o our_o ignorance_n of_o the_o law_n as_o it_o take_v away_o a_o sin_n if_o it_o be_v inevitable_a so_o also_o it_o diminish_v a_o sin_n though_o it_o be_v cause_v by_o some_o neglect_n and_o therefore_o those_o that_o be_v corrupt_v by_o some_o evil_a education_n aristotle_n compare_v to_o such_o who_o appetite_n be_v vitiate_a by_o some_o malignant_a distemper_n and_o plutarch_n observe_v that_o there_o be_v some_o disease_n of_o the_o mind_n that_o violent_o hurry_v a_o man_n from_o his_o natural_a constitution_n last_o this_o also_o be_v to_o be_v note_v which_o i_o say_v once_o but_o shall_v not_o often_o repeat_v that_o those_o war_n which_o be_v undertake_v for_o the_o exact_v of_o punishment_n unless_o the_o injury_n that_o be_v do_v be_v very_o great_a very_o manifest_a or_o back_v with_o some_o other_o cause_n be_v always_o suspect_v to_o be_v unjust_a for_o what_o mithridates_n say_v of_o the_o roman_n be_v oftentimes_o too_o true_a non_fw-la delicta_fw-la regum_fw-la illos_fw-la sed_fw-la vires_fw-la ac_fw-la majestatem_fw-la insequi_fw-la it_o be_v not_o the_o fault_n of_o prince_n do_v in_o such_o case_n then_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v too_o severe_a chastiser_n of_o other_o man_n infirmity_n but_o rather_o pity_v their_o ignorance_n and_o their_o ill_a education_n pray_v for_o they_o as_o st._n stephen_n do_v for_o his_o persecutor_n father_n forgive_v they_o for_o they_o know_v not_o what_o they_o do_v but_o their_o power_n and_o majesty_n that_o they_o persecute_v xliv_o whether_o war_n may_v be_v make_v for_o offence_n against_o god_n our_o propose_a method_n now_o guide_v we_o to_o crime_n commit_v against_o god_n and_o to_o inquire_v whether_o for_o the_o punishment_n of_o such_o a_o war_n may_v just_o be_v undertake_v covarruvius_fw-la handle_v this_o question_n at_o large_a but_o be_v sway_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o other_o he_o hold_v that_o this_o punitive_a power_n can_v subsist_v but_o where_o there_o be_v a_o jurisdiction_n proper_o so_o call_v which_o we_o have_v already_o reject_v whence_o it_o follow_v that_o as_o in_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o church_n the_o bishop_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n say_v to_o take_v upon_o they_o the_o care_n of_o the_o universal_a church_n for_o so_o st_n cyprian_n speak_v it_o become_v we_o to_o watch_v over_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o church_n who_o member_n be_v disperse_v into_o several_a province_n and_o again_o there_o be_v but_o one_o episcopacy_n whereof_o every_o one_o hold_v his_o part_n entire_o so_o beside_o the_o charge_n of_o their_o particular_a dominion_n king_n may_v be_v say_v to_o assume_v the_o general_a care_n of_o all_o humane_a society_n but_o a_o better_a argument_n bring_v by_o such_o as_o deny_v such_o a_o war_n to_o be_v lawful_a be_v this_o that_o god_n alone_o be_v sufficient_a to_o punish_v such_o sin_n as_o be_v commit_v against_o himself_o for_o deorum_fw-la injuriae_fw-la diis_fw-la curae_fw-la &_o perjurium_fw-la satis_fw-la habet_fw-la deum_fw-la ultorem_fw-la the_o affront_v commit_v against_o god_n god_n take_v care_n of_o and_o it_o suffice_v that_o god_n himself_o be_v the_o avenger_n of_o perjury_n but_o we_o must_v observe_v that_o so_o it_o may_v be_v say_v of_o any_o other_o sin_n god_n without_o doubt_n be_v sufficient_o able_a to_o punish_v they_o and_o yet_o we_o see_v that_o the_o law_n be_v just_o and_o due_o exercise_v upon_o such_o offender_n by_o magistrate_n in_o all_o nation_n none_o dissent_v but_o against_o this_o some_o reply_n that_o those_o punishment_n be_v inflict_v not_o so_o much_o for_o offence_n commit_v against_o god_n as_o because_o of_o the_o damage_n thereby_o do_v unto_o man_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o not_o only_o those_o offence_n which_o be_v commit_v against_o other_o direct_o be_v punish_v by_o humane_a law_n but_o those_o also_o which_o may_v by_o consequence_n be_v prejudicial_a to_o other_o as_o self-murder_n sodomy_n and_o the_o like_a for_o though_o the_o principal_a end_n and_o scope_n of_o religion_n be_v to_o purchase_v the_o grace_n and_o favour_n of_o god_n yet_o have_v it_o also_o a_o very_a strong_a influence_n and_o work_v many_o notable_a effect_n upon_o humane_a society_n plato_n call_v it_o the_o fortress_n and_o bulwark_n of_o all_o power_n and_o jurisdiction_n and_o the_o very_a bond_n of_o good_a discipline_n plutarch_n call_v it_o the_o cement_n of_o all_o humane_a society_n and_o the_o very_a foundation_n and_o groundwork_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n philo_n say_v it_o be_v the_o most_o effectual_a charm_n to_o procure_v love_n and_o that_o the_o worship_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o god_n be_v the_o most_o indissoluble_a band_n of_o friendship_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a heu_fw-la primae_fw-la scelerum_fw-la causae_fw-la mortalibus_fw-la aegris_fw-la naturam_fw-la nescire_fw-la dei_fw-la all_o wickedness_n '_o among_o mortal_n hence_o do_v flow_v that_o the_o most_o righteous_a god_n we_o do_v not_o know_v every_o false_a opinion_n concern_v religion_n say_v plutarch_n be_v dangerous_a and_o if_o it_o be_v accompany_v with_o perturbation_n of_o mind_n most_o pernicious_a but_o to_o have_v one_o and_o the_o same_o opinion_n concern_v the_o worship_n of_o god_n and_o to_o differ_v nothing_o in_o life_n and_o manner_n from_o each_o other_o do_v produce_v the_o most_o perfect_a harmony_n and_o agreement_n among_o man_n as_o
power_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v in_o the_o delegate_n as_o person_n public_o choose_v to_o do_v justice_n 41._o vid._n gaiiius_n de_fw-fr pace_fw-la publ_n l._n 2._o c._n 8._o n._n 7._o vasq_fw-la cont._n illust_n c._n 10._o sect_n 41._o who_o authority_n notwithstanding_o be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o force_n to_o oblige_v stranger_n as_o their_o own_o subject_n nay_o even_o between_o their_o own_o subject_n it_o make_v not_o a_o debt_n void_a that_o be_v just_o due_a for_o as_o paulus_n the_o lawyer_n observe_v verus_fw-la debtor_n licet_fw-la absolutus_fw-la sit_fw-la natura_fw-la tamen_fw-la debtor_n permanet_fw-la he_o that_o owe_v a_o real_a debt_n though_o he_o be_v discharge_v by_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o judge_n yet_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n stand_v still_o oblige_v and_o when_o by_o the_o injury_n of_o the_o judge_n a_o creditor_n have_v take_v away_o from_o the_o right_a owner_n something_o that_o have_v not_o be_v the_o debtor_n as_o if_o engage_v unto_o he_o the_o question_n be_v put_v whether_o the_o debt_n be_v pay_v that_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v restore_v to_o the_o debtor_n scaevola_n prove_v that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v restore_v but_o between_o a_o subject_a and_o a_o stranger_n there_o be_v this_o difference_n subject_n be_v bind_v up_o by_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o judge_n though_o it_o be_v unjust_a so_o as_o they_o can_v neither_o resist_v the_o execution_n of_o it_o lawful_o nor_o by_o force_n recover_v their_o own_o right_n against_o a_o sentence_n unjust_o give_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o efficacy_n of_o that_o power_n they_o live_v under_o but_o stranger_n have_v a_o coercive_a power_n though_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o use_v it_o so_o long_o as_o they_o may_v recover_v their_o right_n in_o a_o judicial_a way_n wherefore_o in_o such_o a_o case_n that_o both_o the_o person_n and_o the_o movable_a good_n of_o his_o subject_n that_o refuse_v to_o restore_v what_o be_v violent_o take_v away_o may_v be_v by_o the_o like_a violence_n take_v be_v not_o introduce_v by_o nature_n but_o by_o custom_n general_o receive_v in_o all_o nation_n the_o most_o ancient_a example_n of_o this_o we_o may_v read_v of_o in_o homer_n iliad_n where_o nestor_n be_v say_v to_o drive_v away_o the_o cattle_n of_o the_o elidenses_n because_o they_o have_v before_o plunder_v his_o father_n horse_n whereupon_o as_o the_o story_n go_v on_o proclamation_n be_v make_v that_o every_o man_n to_o who_o the_o elidenses_n do_v owe_v any_o thing_n shall_v come_v and_o partake_v of_o the_o spoil_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o that_o every_o man_n may_v have_v his_o just_a proportion_n another_o example_n we_o have_v of_o this_o in_o the_o roman_a history_n where_o aristodemus_n tarquin_n heir_n seize_v the_o roman_a ship_n lie_v in_o harbour_n at_o cumae_n which_o he_o detain_v for_o the_o good_n of_o the_o tarquin_n detain_v in_o rome_n and_o in_o aristotle_n we_o find_v a_o decree_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n to_o seize_v all_o foreign_a ship_n if_o any_o man_n have_v a_o right_a so_o to_o do_v vi_o this_o right_n reach_v not_o to_o the_o life_n of_o he_o that_o be_v take_v it_o have_v haply_o be_v believe_v among_o some_o people_n that_o the_o life_n of_o innocent_a subject_n do_v stand_v engage_v upon_o the_o like_a account_n and_o that_o haply_o upon_o this_o presumption_n that_o every_o man_n have_v a_o absolute_a power_n over_o his_o own_o life_n which_o power_n may_v be_v transfer_v unto_o the_o commonwealth_n which_o be_v very_o imbrobable_a and_o as_o we_o have_v already_o say_v not_o consistent_a with_o sound_a divinity_n yet_o it_o may_v fall_v out_o that_o such_o subject_n may_v be_v kill_v though_o not_o intentional_o 13._o book_n 1._o ch._n 1._o sect._n 12_o 13._o yet_o accidental_o namely_o when_o they_o shall_v attempt_v by_o force_n to_o impede_fw-la the_o execution_n of_o this_o right_n but_o yet_o if_o such_o a_o mischief_n may_v be_v foresee_v we_o be_v oblige_v by_o the_o law_n of_o charity_n to_o forbear_v the_o prosecution_n of_o our_o right_n as_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v since_o by_o that_o law_n we_o that_o be_v christian_n especial_o aught_o to_o set_v a_o great_a value_n upon_o the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n than_o upon_o our_o good_n as_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o prove_v vii_o the_o distinction_n that_o be_v herein_o make_v between_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o the_o civil_a law_n moreover_o as_o well_o in_o this_o as_o in_o several_a other_o case_n we_o must_v take_v heed_n that_o we_o distinguish_v between_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v proper_o due_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o those_o that_o be_v due_a by_o the_o civil_a law_n or_o by_o a_o mutual_a agreement_n between_o some_o people_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n all_o subject_n that_o be_v injurious_a unto_o the_o subject_n of_o another_o prince_n be_v liable_a to_o this_o law_n of_o reprizal_n especial_o if_o they_o have_v occasion_n to_o reside_v there_o whether_o they_o be_v native_n or_o stranger_n but_o not_o if_o they_o be_v only_a traveller_n or_o sojourn_v there_o but_o for_o a_o little_a time_n for_o these_o pignoration_n be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o tax_n which_o be_v raise_v for_o the_o discharge_n of_o public_a debt_n be_v impose_v on_o such_o as_o be_v constant_a inhabitant_n and_o not_o on_o such_o as_o be_v sojourner_n and_o so_o subject_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o place_n for_o a_o while_n only_o neither_o be_v the_o person_n or_o the_o good_n of_o ambassador_n be_v not_o send_v to_o our_o enemy_n any_o way_n liable_a to_o this_o right_n of_o pignoration_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n as_o also_o in_o many_o place_n the_o person_n of_o woman_n and_o child_n be_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n often_o exempt_v but_o even_o the_o good_n of_o such_o as_o addict_v themselves_o to_o learning_n or_o to_o merchandize_v may_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v take_v by_o any_o as_o their_o person_n also_o be_v at_o athens_n but_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n of_o many_o place_n this_o right_n of_o seize_v good_n or_o person_n must_v first_o be_v demand_v from_o the_o supreme_a power_n but_o in_o other_o place_n from_o the_o judge_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n the_o propriety_n of_o thing_n take_v pass_v immediate_o to_o he_o that_o take_v they_o to_o the_o value_n of_o his_o principal_a debt_n together_o with_o his_o charge_n so_o as_o the_o remainder_n ought_v to_o be_v restore_v thus_o do_v the_o venetian_n to_o the_o genoese_a as_o gregoras_n relate_v who_o ship_n say_v he_o be_v take_v at_o galata_n lade_v with_o wheat_n barley_n and_o salt_n for_o fish_n whereof_o the_o lake_n of_o copais_n 9_o gregor_n lib._n 9_o and_o maeotis_n and_o the_o river_n tanais_n afford_v great_a plenty_n they_o do_v not_o diminish_v the_o least_o part_n of_o the_o good_n but_o take_v great_a care_n to_o preserve_v they_o until_o have_v receive_v their_o just_a debt_n they_o restore_v all_o they_o have_v take_v entire_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n they_o that_o have_v any_o share_n in_o the_o prize_v take_v be_v usual_o cite_v and_o be_v adjudge_v lawful_a they_o be_v by_o public_a authority_n sell_v and_o divide_v among_o such_o as_o be_v concern_v in_o they_o but_o to_o be_v better_o inform_v in_o these_o and_o the_o like_a case_n we_o must_v consult_v such_o as_o have_v treat_v of_o the_o civil_a law_n especial_o bartolus_n who_o have_v write_v much_o concern_v the_o matter_n of_o reprizal_n one_o thing_n i_o shall_v here_o add_v because_o it_o serve_v somewhat_o to_o allay_v and_o qualify_v the_o severity_n of_o this_o law_n in_o itself_o too_o rigid_a namely_o that_o they_o who_o either_o by_o the_o nonpayment_n of_o what_o they_o owe_v or_o not_o do_v that_o which_o be_v right_o to_o such_o as_o they_o have_v wrong_v do_v occasion_n the_o seize_v of_o their_o fellow-subject_n good_n be_v bind_v by_o the_o law_n both_o of_o god_n and_o of_o nature_n to_o make_v satisfaction_n for_o those_o loss_n which_o other_o man_n through_o their_o fault_n have_v sustain_v cymon_n cymon_n thus_o plutarch_n of_o the_o syrian_n many_o of_o they_o say_v he_o will_v not_o contribute_v money_n but_o command_v those_o that_o have_v either_o receive_v or_o take_v away_o other_o man_n good_n to_o repair_v their_o loss_n chap._n iii_o of_o a_o just_a or_o solemn_a war_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o of_o its_o denunciation_n i._o that_o a_o solemn_a war_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n ought_v to_o be_v between_o divers_a people_n ii_o a_o distinction_n between_o a_o nation_n though_o do_v unjust_o and_o a_o company_n of_o thief_n and_o pirate_n iii_o yet_o sometime_o there_o happen_v to_o be_v a_o change_n iv_o it_o be_v requisite_a to_o a_o solemn_a war_n that_o he_o that_o make_v it_o shall_v
that_o they_o may_v be_v the_o more_o willing_a to_o forbear_v i_o say_v for_o it_o be_v no_o bargain_n or_o agreement_n whereby_o they_o stand_v oblige_v to_o save_v they_o if_o we_o respect_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n but_o a_o persuasive_a argument_n draw_v from_o profit_n it_o be_v far_o more_o beneficial_a to_o the_o conqueror_n to_o sell_v his_o prisoner_n then_o to_o kill_v he_o and_o therefore_o he_o have_v the_o same_o power_n to_o transfer_v his_o right_n in_o his_o captive_n to_o another_o as_o he_o have_v to_o assign_v over_o unto_o other_o the_o right_n and_o property_n he_o have_v in_o any_o of_o his_o own_o good_n or_o chattel_n this_o power_n be_v also_o extend_v to_o the_o child_n that_o be_v bear_v after_o captivity_n because_o if_o the_o conqueror_n have_v use_v his_o power_n to_o the_o utmost_a they_o have_v not_o be_v bear_v from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o child_n that_o be_v bear_v before_o that_o captivity_n in_o case_n he_o be_v not_o take_v prisoner_n remain_v free_a therefore_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n the_o child_n bear_v of_o such_o captive_n follow_v the_o mother_n condition_n because_o their_o chastity_n be_v not_o provide_v for_o by_o any_o law_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o strait_a guard_n keep_v upon_o they_o and_o therefore_o no_o presumption_n how_o great_a soever_o be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v who_o be_v the_o father_n and_o thus_o be_v that_o of_o ulpian_n to_o be_v understand_v lex_fw-la naturae_fw-la haec_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la qui_fw-la nascitur_fw-la sine_fw-la legitimo_fw-la matrimonio_fw-la matrem_fw-la sequatur_fw-la the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v this_o that_o he_o that_o be_v bear_v without_o lawful_a marriage_n shall_v follow_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o mother_n that_o be_v general_n custom_n ground_v on_o some_o natural_a reason_n have_v mould_v this_o into_o a_o law_n 26._o law_n see_v second_o book_n ch_n 13._o §._o 26._o abusive_o sometime_o so_o take_v as_o we_o have_v already_o elsewhere_o show_v they_o that_o be_v bear_v out_o of_o wedlock_n shall_v retain_v the_o name_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o mother_n and_o not_o of_o the_o father_n because_o of_o the_o certainty_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o the_o other_o but_o that_o this_o unlimited_a power_n over_o captive_n be_v not_o introduce_v by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o nation_n in_o vain_a we_o may_v collect_v from_o the_o usual_a practice_n of_o civil_a war_n wherein_o all_o prisoner_n be_v common_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n because_o they_o can_v be_v sell_v for_o slave_n tertio_fw-la lib._n hist_o secundo_fw-la &_o tertio_fw-la which_o be_v well_o observe_v by_o plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o otho_n and_o by_o tacitus_n who_o speak_v of_o the_o captive_n take_v at_o cremona_n say_v irritam_fw-la praedam_fw-la militibus_fw-la fecerat_fw-la consensus_fw-la italiae_fw-la that_o it_o be_v agree_v throughout_o all_o italy_n that_o no_o quarter_n shall_v be_v give_v whereby_o no_o booty_n come_v to_o the_o soldier_n by_o the_o sale_n of_o prisoner_n moreover_o whether_o the_o prisoner_n take_v shall_v belong_v to_o the_o people_n or_o to_o they_o that_o take_v they_o must_v by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v of_o the_o spoil_n be_v determine_v for_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n have_v in_o this_o case_n equal_v the_o condition_n of_o man_n with_o good_n so_o cajus_n the_o lawyer_n those_o thing_n that_o be_v take_v from_o the_o enemy_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n they_o that_o take_v they_o so_o that_o even_o such_o as_o be_v free_a man_n be_v by_o this_o law_n reduce_v into_o bondage_n vi_o whether_o such_o as_o be_v take_v may_v fly_v neither_o can_v i_o concur_v in_o opinion_n with_o those_o divine_n who_o hold_n that_o captive_n take_v in_o a_o unjust_a war_n or_o such_o as_o be_v bear_v of_o they_o be_v oblige_v in_o conscience_n not_o to_o make_v their_o escape_n unless_o it_o be_v to_o their_o own_o garrison_n for_o herein_o i_o believe_v they_o err_v sure_o in_o this_o lie_v the_o difference_n if_o they_o can_v fly_v and_o make_v it_o good_a to_o their_o own_o garrison_n whilst_o the_o war_n last_v 28._o see_v chap._n 9_o of_o this_o book_n §_o .._o 5_o 6._o plin._n nat._n hist_o lib._n 7._o c._n 28._o by_o the_o right_n of_o postliminy_n they_o recover_v their_o liberty_n and_o all_o thing_n consequent_a to_o it_o of_o m._n sergius_n pliny_n report_v that_o be_v twice_o take_v by_o hannibal_n he_o both_o time_n make_v his_o escape_n out_o of_o his_o chain_n but_o in_o case_n they_o make_v their_o escape_n to_o other_o or_o unto_o their_o own_o country_n after_o the_o peace_n make_v be_v redemanded_n they_o be_v to_o be_v deliver_v but_o yet_o from_o hence_o it_o follow_v not_o that_o the_o captive_n themselves_z be_v bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o return_v for_o there_o be_v many_o law_n which_o bound_v only_o as_o to_o the_o outward_a judgement_n which_o do_v not_o at_o all_o restrain_v the_o conscience_n and_o such_o be_v these_o of_o war_n whereof_o we_o now_o discourse_v neither_o be_v it_o much_o to_o the_o purpose_n to_o say_v that_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o dominion_n do_v of_o itself_o induce_v such_o a_o obligation_n because_o there_o be_v many_o kind_n of_o dominion_n possible_a it_o be_v that_o such_o there_o be_v as_o be_v of_o force_n only_o in_o humane_a judgement_n and_o so_o long_o only_o as_o the_o coercive_a power_n last_v which_o be_v frequent_o see_v in_o other_o kind_n of_o right_n such_o in_o some_o sort_n also_o be_v that_o law_n that_o make_v void_a some_o testament_n because_o forsooth_o they_o want_v some_o formality_n which_o the_o civil_a law_n require_v whereas_o the_o more_o probable_a opinion_n be_v that_o what_o be_v bequeath_v by_o such_o a_o testament_n may_v with_o a_o good_a conscience_n be_v retain_v so_o long_o at_o least_o as_o nothing_o appear_v to_o contradict_v it_o and_o not_o much_o different_a be_v his_o right_n who_o have_v according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n unfaithful_o prescribe_v to_o another_o estate_n for_o by_o the_o judgement_n of_o those_o law_n even_o this_o man_n title_n shall_v be_v defend_v until_o it_o be_v make_v void_a by_o another_o sentence_n of_o the_o same_o law_n and_o thus_o be_v that_o riddle_n of_o aristotle_n resolve_v be_v it_o not_o just_a say_v he_o that_o every_o man_n shall_v enjoy_v his_o own_o 5._o lib._n 2._o the_o cavillat_n c._n 5._o but_o whatsoever_o the_o judge_n have_v according_a to_o his_o understanding_n decree_v be_v by_o law_n confirm_v though_o in_o itself_o it_o be_v faâ—se_a therefore_o will_v the_o same_o thing_n be_v both_o just_a and_o unjust_a but_o in_o this_o question_n of_o we_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n imaginable_a why_o the_o nation_n shall_v respect_v any_o other_o right_o than_o that_o which_o be_v external_a and_o mere_o humane_a for_o the_o right_n of_o lay_v claim_n to_o a_o captive_n of_o force_v he_o of_o bind_v he_o and_o possess_v what_o he_o have_v or_o can_v do_v be_v of_o itself_o motive_n sufficient_a to_o persuade_v the_o conqueror_n that_o it_o be_v a_o great_a advantage_n to_o they_o to_o keep_v they_o alive_a than_o to_o kill_v they_o but_o in_o case_n this_o can_v move_v the_o conqueror_n sure_o no_o obligation_n that_o can_v be_v lay_v upon_o the_o conscience_n can_v do_v it_o which_o notwithstanding_o he_o may_v impose_v by_o require_v either_o his_o verbal_a or_o sacramental_a engagement_n if_o he_o think_v it_o necessary_a yet_o if_o the_o captive_n can_v make_v a_o escape_n and_o carry_v with_o he_o some_o good_n 10._o bemb_v lib._n 10._o his_o conscience_n can_v be_v charge_v with_o theft_n so_o as_o he_o carry_v away_o nothing_o but_o what_o be_v before_o his_o own_o in_o such_o law_n as_o arise_v not_o out_o of_o natural_a equity_n but_o be_v purposely_o make_v to_o avoid_v a_o great_a mischief_n we_o must_v not_o rash_o admit_v of_o such_o a_o interpretation_n as_o make_v that_o act_n to_o be_v sinful_a which_o be_v otherwise_o lawful_a nihil_fw-la interest_n quomodo_fw-la captivus_fw-la reversus_fw-la est_fw-la utrum_fw-la dimissus_fw-la ☜_o ☜_o a_o vi_o aut_fw-la fallacia_fw-la potestatem_fw-la hostium_fw-la evaserit_fw-la it_o matter_n not_o much_o say_v florentinus_n which_o way_n a_o captive_n get_v loose_a from_o his_o enemy_n whether_o he_o be_v free_o dismiss_v or_o make_v his_o escape_n either_o by_o force_n or_o fallacy_n because_o the_o right_n of_o hold_v a_o man_n captive_n be_v so_o a_o right_n that_o in_o another_o sense_n it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o injury_n for_o which_o reason_n paulus_n the_o lawyer_n call_v it_o a_o right_a as_o to_o some_o certain_a effect_n but_o a_o injury_n as_o to_o the_o intrinsic_a nature_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o from_o whence_o this_o also_o appear_v that_o a_o man_n be_v take_v in_o a_o unjust_a war_n and_o bring_v within_o the_o power_n of_o the_o
contrary_a if_o be_v at_o at_o liberty_n he_o shall_v die_v the_o ransom_n shall_v be_v recover_v because_o he_o enjoy_v that_o for_o which_o the_o ransom_n be_v promise_v yet_o i_o confess_v the_o contract_n may_v be_v so_o make_v that_o the_o ransom_n shall_v be_v due_a simple_o and_o immediate_o from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o contract_n and_o then_o the_o person_n take_v shall_v not_o from_o thenceforth_o be_v hold_v as_o a_o prisoner_n of_o war_n but_o as_o one_o that_o do_v free_o engage_v himself_o as_o a_o surety_n for_o the_o payment_n thereof_o so_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o contract_n may_v be_v so_o make_v that_o the_o ransom_n shall_v not_o be_v due_a unless_o the_o prisoner_n live_v and_o be_v at_o liberty_n upon_o a_o day_n prefix_v but_o these_o thing_n be_v less_o natural_a shall_v not_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v do_v unless_o evident_o prove_v xxx_o whether_o he_o that_o be_v free_v to_o free_a another_o aught_o to_o return_v the_o other_o be_v dead_a it_o may_v likewise_o be_v question_v whether_o he_o that_o be_v release_v on_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v release_v another_o if_o that_o other_o die_v before_o he_o be_v release_v be_v bind_v to_o return_v into_o captivity_n i_o have_v elsewhere_o 58._o elsewhere_o bo._n 2._o ch_n 11._o §._o 22._o &_o 15._o and_o in_o this_o book_n ch_n 20._o §._o 58._o prove_v that_o a_o promise_n free_o make_v for_o the_o fact_n of_o a_o three_o be_v sufficient_o perform_v if_o nothing_o be_v omit_v by_o the_o promiser_n in_o order_n to_o its_o accomplishment_n but_o if_o a_o promise_n be_v make_v upon_o a_o valuable_a consideration_n the_o promiser_n stand_v oblige_v to_o the_o full_a value_n of_o what_o he_o promise_v just_o so_o it_o be_v in_o this_o case_n for_o he_o that_o be_v release_v be_v not_o bind_v to_o return_v into_o captivity_n because_o it_o be_v not_o so_o agree_v upon_o nor_o will_v that_o indulgence_n that_o be_v give_v to_o liberty_n admit_v it_o so_o to_o be_v tacit_o understand_v neither_o aught_o any_o man_n to_o make_v a_o gain_n of_o another_o man_n liberty_n but_o yet_o he_o that_o be_v so_o dismiss_v out_o of_o prison_n aught_o to_o pay_v the_o value_n of_o that_o which_o he_o can_v not_o perform_v for_o this_o cause_n be_v balionius_n much_o blame_v by_o mariana_n who_o be_v release_v upon_o his_o promise_n to_o release_v carvailius_n carvailius_n die_v before_o he_o can_v be_v release_v refuse_v to_o pay_v the_o value_n of_o his_o ransom_n this_o answer_n i_o conceive_v to_o be_v more_o agreeable_a to_o the_o naked_a and_o simple_a truth_n than_o that_o which_o be_v deliver_v unto_o we_o by_o the_o interpreter_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n chap._n xxii_o concern_v faith_n give_v by_o inferior_a commander_n in_o war._n i._o of_o the_o several_a kind_n of_o commander_n ii_o how_o far_o a_o agreement_n by_o they_o make_v bind_v the_o supreme_a power_n iii_o or_o give_v occasion_n to_o such_o a_o obligation_n iu._n what_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v do_v contrary_a to_o command_n this_o explain_v by_o distinction_n v._o whether_o in_o such_o a_o case_n the_o contrary_a party_n be_v oblige_v vi_o what_o the_o commander_n in_o war_n or_o the_o magistrate_n may_v do_v concern_v their_o inferior_n or_o for_o they_o vii_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o a_o general_n to_o make_v peace_n viii_o whether_o hâ—_n may_v grant_v a_o truce_n this_o clear_v by_o a_o distinction_n ix_o what_o security_n of_o person_n and_o what_o of_o thing_n may_v be_v grant_v by_o they_o x._o such_o agreement_n be_v to_o be_v strict_o understand_v and_o why_o xi_o a_o surrender_n accept_v by_o a_o general_n how_o to_o be_v understand_v xii_o the_o addition_n of_o this_o caution_n if_o the_o king_n or_o the_o people_n shall_v think_v fit_a secure_v the_o general_n xiii_o how_o the_o promise_n of_o deliver_v up_o a_o town_n be_v to_o be_v interpret_v i._o the_o several_a kind_n of_o commander_n among_o public_a agreement_n this_o be_v reckon_v by_o ulpian_n as_o one_o when_o the_o general_n of_o each_o army_n do_v agree_v about_o some_o thing_n between_o themselves_o we_o declare_v before_o that_o when_o we_o have_v sufficient_o discourse_v of_o faith_n give_v by_o the_o supreme_a power_n we_o will_v likewise_o say_v somewhat_o of_o faith_n give_v by_o subordinate_a power_n and_o that_o either_o between_o themselves_o or_o unto_o other_o whether_o those_o power_n be_v next_o immediate_o to_o the_o supreme_a as_o that_o of_o general_n to_o who_o conduct_n the_o army_n be_v commit_v whereunto_o we_o may_v fit_o refer_v that_o of_o livy_n nec_fw-la ducem_fw-la novimus_fw-la 4._o lib._n 4._o nisi_fw-la cujus_fw-la auspicio_fw-la bellum_fw-la geritur_fw-la we_o acknowledge_v no_o other_o captain_n but_o he_o to_o who_o the_o management_n of_o the_o whole_a war_n be_v commit_v or_o whether_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v commander_n under_o they_o between_o who_o caesar_n in_o his_o commentary_n distinguish_v thus_o 3._o lib._n 3._o the_o office_n of_o a_o private_a captain_n be_v one_o thing_n and_o the_o office_n of_o a_o general_n be_v another_o the_o former_a do_v but_o execute_v particular_a order_n but_o this_o latter_a aught_o free_o to_o consult_v and_o provide_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o whole_a ii_o how_o far_o agreement_n by_o they_o make_v bound_v their_o sovereign_n as_o concern_v these_o man_n engagement_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o twofold_a inspection_n first_o whether_o the_o supreme_a power_n be_v thereby_o engage_v and_o second_o whether_o they_o themselves_o be_v bind_v by_o they_o the_o former_a of_o these_o may_v be_v determine_v by_o what_o we_o have_v already_o say_v namely_o that_o prince_n may_v be_v oblige_v by_o such_o as_o they_o depute_v to_o declare_v their_o will_n whether_o particular_o express_v or_o collect_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o their_o office_n for_o he_o that_o grant_v a_o power_n grant_v as_o much_o as_o in_o he_o be_v all_o thing_n necessary_a to_o that_o power_n which_o in_o moral_a thing_n be_v moral_o to_o be_v understand_v whence_o we_o may_v collect_v that_o subordinate_a commander_n may_v oblige_v their_o sovereign_n two_o several_a way_n first_o by_o do_v that_o which_o in_o all_o probability_n belong_v to_o their_o place_n or_o office_n second_o by_o do_v that_o which_o belong_v not_o to_o their_o office_n yet_o which_o they_o have_v a_o special_a commission_n to_o do_v in_o case_n that_o commission_n be_v either_o public_o know_v or_o at_o least_o unto_o those_o with_o who_o they_o have_v to_o do_v iii_o or_o give_v occasion_n to_o such_o a_o obligation_n there_o be_v also_o other_o way_n whereby_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n may_v be_v bind_v by_o the_o fact_n of_o his_o officer_n yet_o so_o that_o that_o fact_n be_v not_o the_o proper_a and_o immediate_a cause_n of_o that_o obligation_n but_o the_o occasion_n only_o which_o may_v be_v do_v two_o way_n either_o by_o conâ—â—â—ting_v unto_o it_o when_o do_v or_o by_o the_o thing_n itself_o their_o consent_n will_v appear_v by_o their_o approbation_n which_o may_v be_v give_v not_o only_o express_o but_o tacit_o that_o be_v when_o the_o supreme_a power_n have_v knowledge_n thereof_o and_o yet_o permit_v they_o to_o be_v do_v which_o can_v with_o any_o probability_n be_v refer_v to_o any_o other_o cause_n and_o how_o this_o may_v proceed_v we_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v by_o the_o thing_n itself_o he_o may_v be_v so_o far_o oblige_v 17._o bo._n 2._o ch_n 4._o §._o 5._o &_o ch_n 15._o §._o 17._o as_o not_o to_o enrich_v himself_o by_o another_o loss_n as_o if_o by_o a_o agreement_n make_v by_o his_o minister_n a_o prince_n receive_v any_o benefit_n he_o be_v thereby_o bind_v to_o perform_v that_o part_n of_o the_o say_a agreement_n which_o concern_v himself_o to_o perform_v or_o if_o he_o refuse_v to_o do_v it_o than_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o forego_v the_o benefit_n which_o he_o either_o have_v or_o may_v receive_v by_o that_o agreement_n for_o this_o be_v that_o equity_n which_o as_o we_o have_v often_o elsewhere_o say_v even_n the_o scale_n of_o justice_n and_o hitherto_o and_o no_o far_o be_v that_o say_v true_a si_fw-mi quid_fw-la utiliter_fw-la gestum_fw-la sit_fw-la valet_fw-la whatsoever_o contract_n bring_v profit_n bind_v the_o contracter_n and_o therefore_o we_o can_v but_o condemn_v they_o of_o injustice_n who_o refuse_v to_o fulfil_v the_o agreement_n yet_o be_v resolve_v to_o detain_v that_o which_o but_o by_o that_o agreement_n they_o can_v never_o have_v have_v as_o the_o roman_n do_v when_o they_o refuse_v either_o to_o confirm_v the_o agreement_n make_v by_o cnaeus_n domitius_n or_o to_o set_v at_o liberty_n king_n bituitus_n who_o domitius_n have_v first_o invite_v as_o his_o guest_n and_o then_o perfidious_o take_v and_o send_v bind_v to_o rome_n which_o fact_n as_o valerius_n maximus_n testify_v senatus_n nec_fw-la
commendable_a wherefore_o they_o that_o blame_v king_n perseus_n for_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v delude_v through_o hope_n of_o peace_n have_v not_o so_o great_a a_o regard_n to_o justice_n and_o fidelity_n 42._o liv._o l._n 42._o as_o to_o the_o generosity_n of_o a_o mind_n emulous_a of_o martial_a glory_n as_o may_v be_v sufficient_o collect_v from_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v concern_v the_o deceit_n and_o stratagem_n usual_a in_o war._n such_o be_v that_o stratagem_n wherewith_o asdrubal_n preserve_v himself_o and_o his_o army_n out_o of_o the_o ausetane_a forest_n and_o that_o also_o whereby_o scipio_n african_a the_o elder_a 30._o see_v bo._n 3._o c._n 1._o §._o 6._o etc._n etc._n livy_n l._n 26._o lib._n 30._o discover_v the_o situation_n of_o syphax_n his_o camp_n both_o which_o we_o find_v record_v by_o livy_n who_o example_n l._n silvius_n also_o follow_v in_o the_o social_a war_n at_o esernia_n as_o frontinus_n inform_v we_o v._o of_o dumb_a sign_n which_o by_o custom_n be_v significant_a there_o be_v also_o some_o dumb_a sign_n which_o through_o custom_n be_v significant_a as_o testify_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o will_n as_o of_o old_a the_o branch_n of_o olive_n and_o among_o the_o macedonian_n the_o erection_n of_o pike_n among_o the_o roman_n the_o cover_n of_o their_o head_n with_o their_o shield_n these_o be_v then_o the_o usual_a sign_n of_o submission_n and_o rendition_n so_o also_o be_v the_o fold_n of_o the_o hand_n behind_o they_o among_o the_o persian_n and_o the_o turn_n of_o their_o shield_n and_o ensign_n downward_o among_o the_o roman_n 22._o lib._n 18._o lib._n 26._o lib._n 22._o as_o ammianus_n testify_v the_o german_n and_o from_o they_o some_o other_o nation_n express_v their_o submission_n by_o the_o hold_v forth_o of_o herb_n or_o grass_n as_o pliny_n tell_v we_o and_o they_o that_o yield_v themselves_o to_o the_o conqueror_n do_v usual_o cast_v away_o their_o arm_n and_o beg_v mercy_n as_o servius_n note_v upon_o virgil._n but_o he_o that_o will_v signify_v his_o acception_n of_o a_o surrender_n whether_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o give_v quarter_n and_o how_o far_o forth_o we_o may_v inform_v ourselves_o by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v above_o in_o our_o day_n the_o hang_v forth_o of_o a_o white_a flagg_n be_v a_o tacit_a sign_n that_o a_o treaty_n be_v demand_v so_o among_o the_o northern_a nation_n be_v the_o kindle_v of_o a_o fire_n as_o johannes_n magnus_n relate_v 30._o pliny_n l._n 15._o c._n 30._o the_o like_a do_v pliny_n write_v of_o the_o laurel_n all_o which_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o several_a nation_n be_v no_o less_o significant_a and_o consequent_o as_o obligatory_a as_o if_o they_o be_v express_v by_o word_n and_o voice_n vi_o of_o a_o tacit_a approbation_n of_o something_o demand_v a_o sponsion_n make_v by_o a_o general_n how_o far_o forth_o it_o may_v be_v believe_v to_o be_v tacit_o approve_v of_o by_o the_o prince_n or_o people_n we_o have_v already_o declare_v 17._o declare_v bo._n 3._o ch_n 4._o §._o 15._o &_o bo._n 2._o ch_n 15._o §._o 17._o as_o namely_o when_o both_o the_o act_n be_v sufficient_o know_v and_o thereupon_o some_o thing_n do_v or_o not_o do_v whereof_o no_o other_o reason_n can_v be_v give_v but_o what_o proceed_v from_o their_o consent_n to_o that_o promise_n or_o agreement_n vii_o punishment_n when_o tacit_o remit_v we_o can_v conclude_v that_o a_o punishment_n be_v remit_v because_o it_o be_v for_o a_o time_n dissemble_v or_o connive_v at_o but_o some_o other_o act_n must_v necessary_o intervene_v which_o either_o by_o itself_o may_v argue_v either_o a_o perfect_a reconciliation_n as_o when_o a_o league_n of_o friendship_n be_v make_v with_o such_o a_o man_n or_o at_o least_o that_o the_o person_n offend_v have_v so_o great_a a_o opinion_n of_o the_o virtue_n or_o the_o valour_n of_o the_o person_n punishable_a that_o what_o he_o former_o do_v deserve_v to_o be_v pardon_v whether_o this_o opinion_n be_v by_o word_n express_v or_o by_o such_o other_o mean_v as_o be_v usual_o take_v to_o signify_v as_o much_o viii_o whether_o the_o actor_n be_v pardon_v the_o instigator_n be_v also_o acquit_v another_o question_n we_o find_v discuss_v by_o polybius_n namely_o whether_o a_o punishment_n be_v remit_v to_o they_o that_o do_v the_o mischief_n may_v be_v judge_v to_o be_v remit_v to_o they_o that_o command_v it_o to_o be_v do_v which_o i_o conceive_v it_o ought_v not_o for_z singulos_fw-la tenent_fw-la sva_fw-la delicta_fw-la every_o fox_n ought_v to_o pay_v his_o own_o skin_n to_o the_o fleaer_fw-mi and_o every_o offender_n bear_v his_o own_o punishment_n a_o table_n put_v alphabetical_o guide_v to_o the_o principal_a matter_n and_o word_n contain_v in_o the_o treatise_n a._n abraham_n declare_v sarah_n to_o be_v his_o sister_n do_v not_o deny_v she_o to_o be_v his_o wife_n page_n 438_o abraham_n by_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n make_v war_n upon_o the_o four_o king_n with_o commission_n from_o god_n 13_o 15._o and_o give_v the_o ten_o of_o the_o spoil_n unto_o god_n page_n 468_o abraham_n son_n by_o keturah_n have_v legacy_n no_o land_n page_n 125_o abraham_n assist_v infidel_n in_o a_o social_n war_n page_n 185_o the_o absent_v right_o devolve_v upon_o the_o present_a page_n 114_o the_o absent_a sometime_o partake_v of_o the_o spoil_n page_n 476_o absolution_n and_o dispensation_n from_o oath_n from_o whence_o they_o arise_v 174._o to_o who_o they_o ancient_o belong_v ibid._n abstinence_n from_o spoil_v a_o country_n at_o peace_n page_n 431_o 432_o absurdity_n to_o avoid_v conjectural_a interpretation_n admit_v 197._o or_o other_o improper_a or_o figurative_a page_n 192_o 193_o what_o be_v accept_v in_o full_a of_o a_o debt_n be_v a_o discharge_v page_n 98_o acceptance_n to_o a_o promise_n that_o transfer_v a_o right_n requisite_a 154_o 155._o whether_o it_o be_v necessary_o to_o be_v make_v know_v to_o the_o promiser_n page_n 155_o acceptance_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o another_o of_o what_o force_n page_n 156_o accusation_n criminal_a by_o none_o but_o person_n authorize_v page_n 374_o acquisition_n by_o war_n peculiar_a to_o a_o solemn_a war_n 480._o natural_o just_a 405._o original_a acquisition_n page_n 88_o acquisition_n improper_o say_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n page_n 134_o to_o action_n two_o thing_n excite_v the_o goodness_n of_o the_o end_n and_o the_o facility_n of_o obtain_v it_o page_n 419_o act_n some_o abhor_v by_o humane_a nature_n page_n 6_o act_n contrary_a to_o oath_n sometime_o sinful_a sometime_o void_a page_n 173_o act_n beneficent_a permutatory_n page_n 157_o act_n diremptory_a commutatory_n mix_v page_n 158_o act_n general_o permit_v to_o all_o can_v just_o be_v deny_v to_o any_o without_o some_o cause_n page_n 86_o act_n in_o war_n either_o public_a or_o private_a what_o be_v take_v by_o the_o former_a be_v the_o state_n maintain_v the_o war_n what_o by_o the_o latter_a be_v they_o that_o take_v it_o page_n 472_o in_o such_o act_n of_o a_o king_n as_o private_a man_n do_v the_o civil_a law_n bind_v he_o but_o not_o in_o such_o as_o he_o do_v as_o a_o king_n page_n 177_o act_n against_o conscience_n unlawful_a page_n 411_o act_n not_o liable_a to_o humane_a law_n page_n 450_o act_n of_o king_n in_o which_o the_o law_n have_v power_n page_n 176_o act_n internal_a of_o the_o mind_n insufficient_a for_o alienation_n page_n 41_o act_n involuntary_a arise_v from_o voluntary_a natural_o account_v as_o voluntary_a page_n 203_o act_n inevitable_a to_o humane_a nature_n not_o subject_a to_o humane_a law_n 374._o nor_o such_o â—s_n be_v not_o direct_o or_o indirect_o destructive_a to_o humane_a society_n page_n 375_o act_n some_o in_o a_o just_a war_n not_o internal_o just_a page_n 498_o act_n of_o prepense_a maâ—â—â—_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v of_o humane_a frailty_n and_o be_v to_o be_v chastise_v of_o inevitable_a misfortune_n be_v to_o be_v pardon_v page_n 500_o actor_n be_v forgive_v whether_o the_o instigator_n be_v acquit_v page_n 370_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d page_n 136_o admonition_n concern_v thing_n do_v in_o a_o unjust_a war_n page_n 494_o adopt_a son_n what_o right_o a_o man_n have_v over_o they_o page_n 115_o adultery_n incest_n etc._n etc._n capital_o punish_v before_o moses_n page_n 16_o adultery_n to_o lie_v with_o a_o woman_n betroth_v to_o another_o page_n 196_o of_o adultery_n he_o that_o put_v away_o his_o wife_n and_o he_o that_o marry_v she_o both_o guilty_a by_o the_o gospel_n page_n 106_o in_o adultery_n take_v if_o the_o husband_n kill_v the_o wife_n or_o the_o wife_n her_o husband_n the_o magistrate_n may_v remit_v the_o punishment_n but_o not_o the_o sin_n page_n 374_o a_o adulterer_n and_o a_o adulteress_n to_o what_o oblige_a page_n 202_o aetolian_n soldier_n of_o fortune_n page_n 549_o age_n 30._o year_n 3._o age_n 100_o year_n
though_o unjust_a cease_v not_o to_o be_v city_n page_n 451_o a_o citizen_n take_v by_o pirate_n lose_v not_o his_o freedom_n 456._o and_o a_o servant_n how_o they_o differ_v 486._o of_o rome_n all_o that_o live_v within_o the_o pale_a of_o the_o empire_n page_n 450_o the_o citizen_n right_o over_o their_o magistrate_n page_n 201_o a_o city_n how_o distinguish_v from_o a_o company_n of_o pirate_n 451_o 452._o war_n worse_o than_o tyranny_n page_n 65_o civil_a power_n wherein_o it_o consist_v 37._o empire_n gain_v by_o war_n and_o its_o right_n 485._o law_n may_v bind_v or_o restrain_v from_o that_o which_o nature_n leave_v free_a 81._o law_n some_o unjust_a page_n 127_o claim_v from_o a_o foreigner_n everlasting_a 182_o 183._o who_o best_a he_o that_o give_v the_o matter_n or_o form_n page_n 139_o clergyman_n exempt_v from_o war_n page_n 67_o clemency_n most_o become_v a_o prince_n 382_o 383._o to_o be_v use_v to_o the_o conquer_a the_o conqueror_n secure_v 527_o 528._o see_v in_o the_o mitigation_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o remission_n of_o punishment_n 382._o of_o the_o pharisee_n in_o punish_v 371._o motive_n thereunto_o 417_o 418._o emperor_n famous_a for_o clemency_n 501._o a_o great_a ornament_n to_o prince_n where_o their_o injury_n be_v do_v against_o themselves_o page_n 417_o 418_o 554_o etc._n etc._n college_n spare_v by_o the_o philistine_n page_n 506_o colony_n have_v the_o same_o right_a their_o mother_n city_n have_v 143._o not_o govern_v absolute_o by_o their_o mother_n city_n 49._o yet_o by_o the_o same_o law_n and_o magistrate_n 142_o 143._o usual_o the_o rise_n of_o free_a state_n page_n 143_o 144_o a_o command_v give_v for_o one_o thing_n whether_o fulfil_v by_o another_o more_o profitable_o 197._o without_o it_o he_o that_o kill_v a_o enemy_n to_o what_o oblige_a page_n 535_o 536_o commander_n inferior_a in_o some_o case_n may_v make_v war_n 35._o how_o far_o they_o may_v bind_v their_o soldier_n page_n 564_o command_v in_o war_n may_v be_v either_o general_a or_o special_a page_n 535_o command_n of_o a_o general_n must_v not_o be_v dispute_v but_o obey_v page_n 197_o command_n distinguish_v from_o counsel_n pref._n xviii_o of_o commerce_n the_o most_o ancient_a way_n be_v by_o exchange_n 157._o the_o liberty_n and_o for_o it_o toll_v due_a page_n 84_o 85._o a_o commonwealth_n be_v such_o though_o corrupt_a page_n 451_o the_o common_a safety_n sometime_o prefer_v before_o our_o own_o page_n 73_o community_n their_o right_n over_o their_o member_n page_n 3_o a_o community_n may_v arise_v by_o give_v a_o new_a form_n to_o the_o matter_n of_o another_o 139._o or_o through_o commixture_n according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o either_o ibid._n communication_n of_o crime_n between_o king_n and_o subject_n page_n 398_o 399_o communication_n of_o thing_n useful_a to_o other_o and_o not_o damageable_a to_o ourselves_o charitable_a page_n 82_o to_o compel_v stand_v not_o with_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o inferior_a 46._o be_v compel_v they_o that_o war_n against_o we_o to_o be_v spare_v page_n 498_o 499_o compensation_n due_a to_o subject_n who_o good_n be_v alienate_v for_o public_a peace_n page_n 545_o 546_o concubinary_a marriage_n see_v marriage_n concubinate_a a_o kind_n of_o natural_a marriage_n page_n 112_o a_o concubine_n who_o and_o how_o allow_v page_n 113_o condition_n who_o offer_v or_o who_o accept_v which_o make_v the_o contract_n page_n 199_o condition_n hard_o impose_v on_o the_o weak_a party_n or_o the_o conquer_a page_n 183_o this_o condition_n thing_n stand_v as_o they_o do_v when_o tacit_o understand_v page_n 197_o condition_n not_o fulfil_v on_o the_o one_o side_n discharge_v the_o promiser_n page_n 541_o condition_n when_o severe_a seldom_o last_a page_n 529_o a_o confederate_a on_o unequal_a condition_n may_v obtain_v the_o supreme_a power_n page_n 48_o confederate_n their_o difference_n how_o determine_v page_n 49_o 50_o confederate_n engage_v in_o several_a war_n and_o both_o demand_v war_n which_o we_o shall_v assist_v page_n 187_o confederate_n one_o may_v be_v assist_v against_o the_o other_o unless_o express_o forbid_v by_o former_a agreement_n 424._o in_o their_o behalf_n war_n lawful_a in_o a_o just_a cause_n ibid._n the_o ancient_a to_o be_v prefer_v caeteris_fw-la paribus_fw-la unless_o in_o one_o case_n page_n 412_o 413_o confederate_n not_o to_o be_v assist_v in_o case_n desperate_a and_o why_o page_n 424_o conjecture_n useful_a when_o word_n admit_v of_o divers_a sense_n page_n 191_o conjecture_n restrain_v promise_n how_o guide_v page_n 193_o conjecture_n from_o the_o matter_n effect_n thing_n conjoin_v page_n 191_o 192_o the_o conqueror_n may_v give_v the_o conquer_a what_o he_o please_v 486._o as_o some_o part_n of_o the_o government_n or_o some_o liberty_n or_o freedom_n in_o religion_n page_n 527_o the_o conqueror_n may_v be_v secure_v by_o impose_v garrison_n or_o tribute_n on_o the_o conquer_a page_n 526_o that_o the_o conqueror_n may_v live_v secure_o be_v the_o end_n of_o war_n and_o how_o this_o may_v be_v do_v without_o cruelty_n page_n 524_o 525_o who_o be_v conqueror_n in_o single_a combat_n page_n 552_o to_o the_o conqueror_n to_o submit_v better_a than_o desolation_n page_n 119_o the_o conqueror_n may_v impose_v what_o law_n he_o please_v 485._o crown_v in_o the_o pavilion_n of_o the_o conquer_a 479._o more_o safe_a in_o a_o free_a than_o compulsory_a obedience_n page_n 527_o conscience_n not_o bind_v by_o some_o law_n page_n 482_o 483_o consecrate_a plate_n sell_v for_o what_o use_v page_n 216_o 217_o consent_n give_v signification_n to_o word_n not_o thing_n page_n 438_o constantine_n page_n 28_o a_o contract_n make_v with_o a_o servant_n bind_v his_o master_n 147._o bind_v according_a to_o law_n of_o the_o city_n wherein_o it_o be_v make_v but_o not_o if_o make_v on_o the_o sea_n or_o in_o a_o desert_n page_n 152_o contract_n permutatory_n that_o separate_v the_o part_n have_v three_o head_n do_v ut_fw-la des_fw-fr etc._n etc._n 157._o mix_v principal_o or_o by_o accession_n and_o such_o as_o introduce_v communion_n page_n 158_o 159_o in_o contract_n a_o just_a proportion_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v 160._o all_o error_n and_o mistake_n be_v to_o be_v rectify_v ibid._n the_o contracter_n with_o another_o for_o what_o be_v his_o own_o release_v his_o right_a page_n 98_o the_o contract_n of_o king_n and_o free_a state_n not_o always_o interpret_v according_a to_o the_o roman_a law_n page_n 199_o of_o a_o contract_n the_o writing_n be_v but_o a_o last_a monument_n and_o no_o part_n ibid._n a_o contract_n in_o doubt_n be_v perfect_a before_o the_o delivery_n of_o the_o writing_n when_o otherwise_o it_o must_v be_v so_o express_v ibid._n controversy_n in_o war_n not_o determinable_a by_o the_o civil_a law_n 122._o concern_v thing_n take_v in_o war_n shall_v be_v judge_v in_o any_o nation_n at_o peace_n where_o they_o be_v take_v according_a to_o their_o custom_n page_n 488_o corn_n and_o other_o thing_n useful_a in_o war_n may_v be_v sell_v to_o the_o enemy_n to_o pay_v soldier_n to_o destroy_v they_o be_v madness_n page_n 513_o 514_o of_o corn_n sow_o on_o another_o land_n by_o mistake_n who_o the_o fruit_n be_v page_n 139_o convention_n public_a how_o and_o when_o divide_a page_n 180_o in_o council_n general_n a_o king_n new_o make_v shall_v have_v the_o same_o place_n as_o the_o people_n be_v free_a have_v before_o page_n 143_o counsel_n of_o wise_a man_n how_o prevail_a page_n 25_o the_o thought_n of_o counter-passion_n restrain_v from_o wrong_n do_v page_n 371_o counter-passion_n have_v no_o equality_n if_o the_o nocent_a and_o innocent_a suffer_v alike_o page_n 381_o crassus_n how_o he_o gain_v his_o great_a wealth_n page_n 535_o creature_n natural_o wild_a be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o that_o take_v they_o page_n 469_o cruelty_n arise_v from_o vain_a fear_n page_n 72_o cruelty_n of_o the_o roman_a general_n in_o their_o triumph_n page_n 461_o custom_n and_o opportunity_n two_o great_a incentives_n to_o sin_n unless_o curb_v by_o severe_a law_n page_n 381_o custom_n civil_a sometime_o mistake_v for_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n page_n 385_o cyrus_n his_o judgement_n concern_v the_o two_o coat_n page_z 4_o d._n in_o dearth_n stranger_n forbid_v corn_n yet_o sojourner_n not_o then_o to_o be_v expel_v page_n 86._o death_n voluntary_a in_o defence_n of_o chastity_n commend_v 219._o in_o some_o case_n allow_v by_o the_o jew_n as_o the_o death_n of_o samson_n saul_n etc._n etc._n ibid._n term_v a_o dismission_n ibid._n the_o only_a good_a thing_n to_o a_o incorrigible_a offender_n page_n 272_o 273_o day_n until_o such_o in_o a_o truce_n whether_o exclusive_o or_o inclusive_o to_o be_v understand_v 562._o in_o a_o league_n how_o understand_v page_n 191_o damage_n à _fw-la demendo_fw-la i._n e._n from_o take_v away_o a_o man_n right_a 200._o which_o may_v be_v either_o in_o the_o thing_n or_o profit_n
be_v to_o be_v esteem_v beyond_o the_o thing_n page_n 162_o 163_o to_o use_v a_o man_n help_n be_v offer_v be_v lawful_a though_o to_o he_o that_o offer_v it_o it_o be_v unlawful_a page_n 446_o usurper_n who_o page_n 405_o a_o usurper_n not_o to_o be_v kill_v but_o oblige_v by_o private_a man_n by_o who_o he_o may_v 64_o 65_o 66._o his_o act_n bind_v not_o a_o lawful_a king_n 180._o but_o in_o some_o case_n his_o subject_n page_n 64_o 65_o usura_fw-la &_o foenus_fw-la how_o distinguish_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n page_n 163_o usury_n by_o what_o law_n forbid_v 162._o under_o it_o what_o gain_n fall_v ibid._n concern_v it_o what_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v determine_v 164._o what_o the_o law_n of_o holland_n ibid._n w._n war_n and_o arm_n distinguish_v pref._n vi_fw-la when_o just_o make_v pref._n xi_o to_o be_v just_o manage_v ibid._n war_n define_v 2._o prove_v lawful_a by_o the_o first_o principle_n of_o nature_n 11._o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 11_o 12._o by_o right_a reason_n and_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o human_a society_n 12._o by_o sacred_a story_n 13._o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o wise_a in_o all_o nation_n 14._o not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n not_o to_o the_o divine_a law_n ibid._n avoid_v by_o the_o primitive_a christian_n to_o prevent_v some_o act_n which_o their_o religion_n allow_v not_o page_n 26_o war_n some_o lawful_a prove_v out_o of_o the_o father_n 26._o public_a private_a and_o mix_v 31._o private_a permit_v by_o moses_n 32._o after_o tribunal_n erect_v sometime_o lawful_a 31_o 32._o private_a in_o our_o own_o defence_n lawful_a 33_o 34._o solemn_a and_o less_o solemn_a ibid._n sometime_o make_v by_o inferior_a officer_n and_o whether_o such_o a_o war_n be_v solemn_a or_o public_a 35._o whether_o make_v by_o inferior_a commander_n by_o guess_v at_o the_o will_n of_o their_o prince_n ibid._n war_n to_o make_v without_o commission_n from_o the_o prince_n treason_n ibid._n solemn_a can_v be_v but_o between_o sovereign_a prince_n page_n 35_o 36_o 452._o the_o war_n of_o manlius_n against_o the_o galatae_n caius_n caesar_n in_o germany_n octavius_n and_o decimus_n cassius_n whether_o just_a page_n 35_o 36_o war_n against_o superior_n unlawful_a 54._o without_o cause_n unjust_a 70._o civil_a worse_o than_o tyranny_n page_n 65_o war_n shall_v be_v just_a if_o we_o will_v have_v it_o prosper_v 70._o it_o have_v three_o efficient_a cause_n principal_a auxiliary_a instrumental_a 66._o it_o begin_v where_o justice_n end_v 69._o its_o pretence_n always_o just_a though_o its_o cause_n sometime_o unjust_a page_n 70_o war_n cause_v for_o wrong_n do_v or_o in_o our_o own_o defence_n just_a 70._o make_v for_o other_o natural_o lawful_a 66._o to_o repair_v damage_n or_o to_o exact_a punishment_n lawful_a 383._o for_o punishment_n only_o seldom_o just_a 385_o 386._o make_v to_o lessen_v the_o power_n of_o a_o neighbour_n prince_n only_o unlawful_a 76_o 77._o for_o sin_n against_o god_n whether_o lawful_a 386._o without_o cause_n suspect_v to_o be_v predatory_a 405._o the_o most_o natural_a be_v that_o against_o wild_a beast_n next_o be_v that_o against_o man_n as_o brutish_a as_o beast_n page_v 384_o 385_o by_o war_n some_o thing_n gain_v be_v the_o king_n page_n 43_o 44_o war_n between_o christian_n not_o to_o be_v make_v for_o the_o scripture_n misunderstand_v 391._o then_o profitaable_a when_o our_o enemy_n will_v not_o otherwise_o do_v we_o justice_n 412._o when_o unlawful_a though_o the_o cause_n be_v good_a 409._o whether_o it_o may_v be_v on_o both_o side_n just_a 414_o 415._o undertake_v for_o religion_n or_o liberiy_n whether_o lawful_a page_n 416_o war_n make_v for_o a_o single_a subject_n not_o always_o convenient_a for_o the_o whole_a 422._o for_o the_o defence_n of_o subject_n lawful_a ibid._n for_o punishment_n seldom_o make_v by_o prince_n of_o equal_a power_n page_n 420_o the_o condition_n of_o war_n miserable_a page_n 421_o in_o war_n many_o change_n and_o chance_n happen_v which_o can_v be_v foresee_v page_n 418_o war_n may_v prudent_o be_v undertake_v where_o there_o be_v great_a cause_n and_o great_a advantage_n 420_o 421._o may_v be_v in_o respect_n of_o subject_n on_o both_o side_n just_a 415._o denounce_v against_o prince_n and_o against_o all_o that_o be_v under_o his_o government_n 447._o whether_o it_o may_v be_v make_v as_o soon_o as_o denounce_v and_o in_o what_o case_n 455._o make_v by_o pirate_n or_o subject_n have_v no_o effect_n of_o a_o solemn_a war_n ibid._n that_o war_n be_v just_a that_o be_v make_v for_o the_o recovery_n of_o thing_n take_v away_o that_o be_v public_o decree_v and_o solemn_o denounce_v page_n 452_o in_o war_n the_o effect_n be_v lawful_a i._n e._n not_o punishable_a 457._o its_o licence_n extend_v to_o all_o that_o be_v find_v among_o enemy_n even_o stranger_n 458._o the_o innocent_a and_o nocent_a fare_n alike_o ibid._n its_o rage_n 459._o not_o to_o be_v wage_v but_o with_o some_o clemency_n 497_o 498._o especial_o among_o christian_n 495._o make_v against_o wall_n pillar_n house_n malicious_a page_n 512_o in_o a_o unjust_a war_n as_o thing_n so_o a_o people_n take_v shall_v be_v restore_v to_o liberty_n 530._o what_o be_v take_v shall_v be_v restore_v page_n 496_o a_o war_n may_v be_v mix_v in_o part_n public_a in_o part_n private_a 435._o may_v be_v make_v by_o soldier_n though_o wicked_a 431._o may_v be_v make_v against_o such_o as_o sin_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 384._o make_v to_o compel_v to_o christianity_n unlawful_a page_n 389_o war_n to_o be_v sometime_o avoid_v by_o prince_n for_o their_o subject_n sake_n 418._o make_v to_o establish_v peace_n 524_o 571._o for_o revenge_n not_o to_o exceed_v a_o just_a measure_n page_n 497_o 498_o unto_o a_o unâ—ust_a war_n none_o to_o be_v compel_v page_n 187_o war_n may_v lawful_o be_v make_v for_o friend_n and_o associate_n 424._o etc._n etc._n for_o the_o subject_n of_o another_o prince_n 425._o for_o any_o man_n page_v 424_o war_n then_o just_a when_o necessary_a it_o shall_v be_v our_o last_o remedy_n page_n 452_o wedlock_n how_o it_o differ_v from_o matrimony_n page_n 112_o of_o weight_n or_o measure_n to_o exact_v more_o or_o less_o than_o be_v contract_v for_o be_v theft_n page_n 160_o a_o wife_n may_v rocover_v from_o her_o husband_n what_o she_o lend_v he_o if_o thereby_o he_o be_v enrich_v 147._o she_o may_v claim_v the_o estate_n if_o buy_v with_o her_o money_n ibid._n she_o have_v power_n over_o her_o husband_n body_n by_o the_o gospel_n law_n page_n 109_o wife_n many_o to_o have_v at_o once_o lawful_a of_o old_a ibid._n whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o forsake_v they_o ibid._n in_o favour_n to_o they_o divorce_v permit_v to_o the_o hebrew_n ibid._n wild_a beast_n how_o possess_v 135._o by_o the_o german_n give_v to_o their_o prince_n as_o all_o other_o thing_n that_o have_v no_o owner_n ibid._n in_o private_a wood_n enclose_v be_v possess_v ibid._n whether_o the_o dominion_n be_v lose_v with_o the_o possession_n ibid._n and_o fish_n who_o they_o be_v 81._o that_o they_o shall_v be_v the_o king_n be_v not_o against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n page_n 135_o will_n what_o have_v no_o know_a cause_n we_o refer_v to_o god_n will_v page_n 390_o the_o will_n in_o some_o case_n punishable_a 374._o natural_o mutable_a 379_o 380._o of_o the_o dead_a a_o law_n page_n 122_o the_o more_o of_o the_o will_v the_o great_a the_o sin_n ibid._n the_o will_n be_v move_v by_o thing_n real_o or_o imaginable_o good_a page_n 379_o to_o have_v understand_v the_o will_n of_o the_o decease_a create_v a_o right_a page_n 122_o the_o will_v express_v by_o some_o outward_a sign_n create_v a_o guilt_n and_o make_v we_o liable_a to_o punishment_n page_n 383_o the_o will_n to_o show_v she_o own_o freedom_n act_v sometime_o without_o any_o other_o reason_n page_n 419_o 420_o wise_a man_n make_v war_n by_o constraint_n fool_n for_o delight_n page_n 421_o wisdom_n chief_a part_n be_v to_o direct_v ourselves_o in_o doubtful_a case_n the_o next_o be_v to_o be_v direct_v by_o other_o of_o great_a learning_n and_o experience_n page_n 411_o 412_o wolf_n peace_n with_o sheep_n upon_o the_o delivery_n of_o the_o dog_n page_n 423_o woman_n captive_n how_v favour_v by_o the_o hebrew_n law_n 464._o they_o have_v no_o guard_n for_o their_o chastity_n 482._o their_o child_n slave_n bear_v ibid._n woman_n succeed_v in_o kingdom_n that_o be_v patrimonial_a 127._o how_o they_o be_v obnoxious_a to_o the_o licence_n of_o war_n 504._o their_o empire_n unknown_a to_o the_o roman_n page_n 144_o woman_n and_o child_n to_o be_v spare_v in_o war_n page_n 504_o word_n signify_v by_o consent_n but_o thing_n and_o act_n not_o so_o 438._o in_o league_n take_v as_o vulgary_o understand_v page_n 190_o 191_o wreck_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v the_o king_n or_o peoples_n unjust_a page_n 121_o write_n be_v but_o last_a monument_n of_o the_o contract_n but_o no_o part_n of_o the_o substance_n page_n 199_o in_o a_o write_n if_o two_o clause_n clash_n and_o can_v be_v reconcile_v to_o which_o we_o shall_v incline_v ibid._n if_o its_o part_n can_v be_v reconcile_v the_o latter_a derogate_v from_o the_o former_a page_n 191_o wrong_n on_o the_o one_o side_n make_v war_n on_o the_o other_o side_n just_a page_n 70_o x._o xenophon_n institution_n of_o cyrus_n page_n 4_o xerxes_n his_o contest_v with_o artabazanes_n for_o the_o kingdom_n page_n 132_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d what_o page_n 183_o y._n yea_o yea_o nay_o nay_o what_o it_o signify_v page_n 174_o z._n of_o zeal_n the_o judgement_n page_n 369_o in_o zealand_n the_o vassal_n pay_v tribute_n for_o their_o common_a field_n to_o the_o state_n whereunto_o every_o man_n contribute_v his_o proportion_n page_n 138_o zeleucus_n his_o law_n concern_v such_o as_o drink_v wine_n contrary_a to_o the_o prescription_n of_o their_o physician_n page_n 4_o zopyrus_n another_o sinon_n betray_v babylon_n to_o darius_n perfidious_o page_v 569_o the_o end_n of_o the_o table_n
also_o those_o that_o succeed_v to_o they_o in_o a_o right_a line_n hold_v their_o kingdom_n by_o a_o usufructuary_n right_a that_o be_v they_o hold_v they_o as_o to_o all_o the_o right_n and_o profit_n but_o not_o to_o alienate_v they_o but_o other_o hold_v their_o kingdom_n by_o a_o full_a right_n of_o propriety_n as_o they_o that_o by_o a_o just_a war_n have_v conquer_v they_o or_o he_o to_o who_o any_o people_n to_o prevent_v great_a mischief_n have_v yield_v themselves_o subject_n for_o protection_n so_o as_o they_o reserve_v nothing_o unto_o themselves_o neither_o do_v i_o agree_v with_o those_o who_o hold_v that_o the_o roman_a dictator_n during_o his_o time_n can_v not_o have_v supreme_a power_n because_o it_o be_v not_o perpetual_a for_o the_o nature_n of_o all_o moral_a thing_n be_v best_a know_v by_o their_o operation_n wherefore_o those_o power_n that_o have_v the_o same_o effect_n be_v to_o be_v call_v by_o the_o same_o name_n but_o a_o dictator_n during_o his_o time_n exercise_v all_o right_n that_o a_o king_n do_v who_o hold_v his_o kingdom_n by_o a_o full_a right_n neither_o can_v any_o act_n of_o his_o be_v make_v void_a by_o any_o other_o as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o case_n of_o fabius_n rutilianus_n who_o when_o the_o people_n will_v have_v preserve_v they_o can_v deal_v with_o the_o dictator_n by_o no_o other_o mean_n but_o by_o petition_n whence_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o he_o have_v the_o same_o supreme_a power_n now_o the_o duration_n or_o continuation_n of_o a_o thing_n alter_v not_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o yet_o if_o question_n be_v make_v concern_v the_o dignity_n which_o be_v usual_o call_v majesty_n doubtless_o he_o that_o have_v it_o perpetuate_v unto_o he_o have_v the_o great_a majesty_n than_o he_o that_o have_v it_o for_o a_o time_n limit_v only_o because_o the_o manner_n of_o hold_v it_o add_v much_o to_o the_o dignity_n of_o he_o that_o hold_v it_o now_o what_o have_v be_v say_v of_o king_n time_n protector_n have_v absolute_a power_n during_o their_o time_n may_v also_o be_v say_v of_o such_o as_o be_v either_o during_o the_o minority_n of_o king_n or_o during_o their_o captivity_n or_o lunacy_n appoint_a protector_n for_o neither_o be_v those_o subject_n unto_o the_o people_n nor_o be_v their_o power_n revocable_a before_o the_o time_n come_v appoint_v by_o the_o law_n but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o with_o those_o who_o have_v a_o right_n which_o be_v at_o any_o time_n revocable_a 1._o some_o kingdom_n hold_v during_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o people_n procop._n vand._n lib._n 1._o as_o they_o who_o reign_v only_o during_o the_o pleasure_n of_o other_o such_o be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o vandal_n in_o africa_n and_o of_o the_o goth_n in_o spain_n who_o be_v as_o often_o depose_v as_o they_o displease_v the_o people_n and_o every_o act_n of_o they_o may_v be_v make_v void_a because_o they_o who_o give_v they_o that_o power_n give_v it_o under_o condition_n of_o revocation_n and_o therefore_o not_o have_v the_o same_o effect_n they_o can_v not_o be_v say_v to_o have_v the_o same_o right_n xii_o some_o sovereign_a power_n be_v hold_v full_o with_o a_o right_n of_o alienation_n against_o what_o i_o have_v before_o say_v that_o some_o kingdom_n be_v hold_v in_o full_a right_n of_o propriety_n that_o be_v as_o patrimonial_a there_o be_v very_o learned_a man_n that_o make_v this_o objection_n that_o man_n be_v free_a be_v not_o to_o be_v traffic_v away_o from_o one_o to_o another_o as_o thing_n that_o be_v buy_v and_o sell_v but_o as_o the_o power_n of_o a_o master_n be_v different_a from_o that_o of_o a_o king_n so_o be_v personal_a liberty_n from_o that_o which_o be_v civil_a and_o the_o freedom_n of_o singular_a person_n from_o the_o freedom_n of_o state_n the_o stoic_n themselves_o confess_v that_o there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o servivitude_n in_o subjection_n 2._o hottom_n cont._n illust_n qâ—ae_fw-la i._n 1._o diog._n laâ—â—t_n 1_o sam._n 22.28_o 2_o sam._n 10.2_o 1_o king_n 9.22_o liv._o lib._n 1._o lib._n 2._o and_o the_o subject_n of_o king_n be_v sometime_o in_o holy_a writ_n call_v their_o servant_n as_o personal_a liberty_n exclude_v the_o power_n of_o a_o master_n so_o also_o do_v civil_a liberty_n that_o of_o empire_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o sovereignty_n proper_o so_o call_v livy_n thus_o oppose_v they_o before_o man_n have_v taste_v the_o sweetness_n of_o liberty_n they_o desire_v a_o king_n and_o again_o what_o a_o shame_n be_v it_o for_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n who_o when_o they_o serve_v under_o king_n be_v never_o straighten_a by_o war_n nor_o besiege_v by_o a_o enemy_n 45._o lib._n 45._o be_v now_o a_o free_a people_n to_o be_v besiege_v by_o the_o hetruscan_n and_o in_o another_o place_n the_o people_n of_o rome_n live_v not_o now_o under_o kingly_a government_n but_o in_o liberty_n and_o elsewhere_o he_o oppose_v those_o nation_n that_o be_v free_a unto_o those_o that_o live_v under_o king_n so_o also_o seneca_n the_o father_n 1._o sâ—as_n 1._o we_o ought_v not_o to_o give_v our_o opinion_n in_o a_o free_a state_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o we_o do_v under_o king_n yea_o and_o cicero_n either_o we_o do_v not_o well_o to_o expel_v king_n or_o we_o ought_v to_o restore_v the_o people_n to_o liberty_n 1._o de_fw-fr leg_n 3._o ann._n l._n 1._o not_o in_o word_n only_o but_o in_o deed_n after_o these_o come_v tacitus_n the_o city_n of_o rome_n say_v he_o be_v at_o first_o govern_v by_o king_n but_o it_o be_v l._n brutus_n that_o institute_v liberty_n and_o consular_a authority_n and_o to_o be_v short_a every_o where_n among_o the_o roman_a law_n when_o they_o treat_v of_o war_n and_o recuperatory_n judgement_n all_o foreigner_n be_v distinguish_v into_o king_n and_o free_a people_n the_o question_n then_o here_o put_v respect_v not_o personal_a but_o civil_a subjection_n in_o which_o sense_n some_o nation_n be_v say_v not_o to_o have_v power_n over_o themselves_o hence_o be_v that_o in_o livy_n which_o city_n field_n and_o man_n be_v sometime_o under_o the_o power_n of_o the_o aetolian_n and_o that_o also_o be_v the_o people_n of_o collatia_n a_o free_a people_n i._n e._n have_v they_o any_o power_n over_o themselves_o nevertheless_o to_o speak_v proper_o when_o any_o people_n be_v say_v to_o be_v alienate_v alienate_v when_o a_o kingdom_n be_v alienate_v it_o be_v not_o the_o people_n but_o the_o right_n of_o govern_v they_o that_o be_v alienate_v it_o be_v not_o the_o man_n but_o the_o perpetual_a right_n of_o govern_v themselves_o as_o they_o be_v a_o people_n that_o be_v alienate_v as_o vain_a and_o frivolous_a be_v that_o inference_n which_o conclude_v that_o because_o king_n conquer_v nation_n by_o the_o blood_n and_o sweat_n of_o their_o citizen_n therefore_o what_o be_v so_o conquer_v aught_o of_o right_a to_o belong_v rather_o to_o they_o than_o to_o he_o for_o possible_a it_o be_v that_o that_o king_n may_v pay_v his_o army_n out_o of_o his_o own_o private_a estate_n as_o m._n anthony_n do_v in_o his_o bohemian_a war_n who_o when_o the_o roman_a treasury_n be_v exhaust_v be_v unwilling_a to_o impose_v any_o more_o tax_n upon_o the_o people_n bring_v into_o trajan's_n court_n and_o make_v sale_n of_o all_o his_o vessel_n of_o gold_n silver_n crystal_n and_o myrrh_n together_o with_o his_o own_o and_o his_o wife_n robe_n of_o silk_n and_o gold_n and_o all_o other_o their_o ornament_n and_o jewel_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o war._n or_o he_o may_v pay_v his_o army_n out_o of_o the_o rent_n and_o profit_n of_o that_o patrimony_n which_o attend_v the_o principality_n and_o therefore_o ferdinando_n claim_v to_o himself_o all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o granada_n which_o he_o have_v gain_v with_o the_o rent_n and_o profit_v he_o have_v raise_v out_o of_o castille_n during_o the_o time_n of_o his_o marriage_n as_o mariana_n testify_v hispan_n lib._n 28._o hist_o hispan_n for_o although_o a_o king_n have_v but_o the_o mean_a profit_n arise_v out_o of_o that_o patrimony_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o he_o have_v the_o right_a of_o govern_v the_o people_n who_o have_v elect_v he_o yet_o be_v those_o profit_n proper_o his_o own_o as_o it_o be_v also_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n where_o though_o the_o inheritance_n be_v judge_v to_o be_v restore_v yet_o the_o profit_n be_v not_o because_o they_o be_v perceive_v not_o from_o the_o inheritance_n but_o from_o the_o thing_n itself_o possible_a therefore_o it_o be_v that_o a_o king_n may_v be_v so_o possess_v of_o the_o government_n over_o some_o people_n in_o his_o own_o proper_a right_n that_o it_o be_v in_o his_o own_o power_n to_o alienate_v it_o as_o it_o be_v grant_v to_o baldwin_n by_o those_o that_o accompany_v he_o in_o his_o expedition_n to_o the_o holy_a land_n that_o the_o half_a of_o
suum_fw-la cuique_fw-la ita_fw-la tribuit_fw-la ut_fw-la non_fw-la distrahatur_fw-la ab_fw-la ullius_fw-la personae_fw-la justiore_fw-la repetitione_n and_o this_o i_o approve_v of_o to_o be_v justice_n which_o so_o give_v to_o every_o man_n his_o own_o that_o it_o be_v not_o withhold_v from_o the_o just_a claim_n of_o any_o other_o person_n that_o have_v a_o right_a unto_o it_o now_o his_o must_v needs_o be_v the_o just_a title_n that_o claim_v by_o a_o right_a as_o ancient_a as_o propriety_n itself_o whence_o it_o likewise_o follow_v that_o he_o that_o ignorant_o accept_v of_o that_o from_o another_o in_o trust_n which_o afterward_o he_o know_v to_o be_v his_o own_o can_v be_v bind_v to_o restore_v it_o and_o the_o case_n which_o the_o same_o tryphoninus_n put_v concern_v good_n deposit_v by_o he_o who_o whole_a estate_n be_v before_o confiscate_v be_v better_a determine_v by_o this_o rule_n than_o by_o that_o which_o he_o there_o produce_v concern_v the_o profit_n gain_v by_o punishment_n for_o if_o we_o look_v strict_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o propriety_n it_o matter_n not_o whether_o it_o arise_v from_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n or_o from_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o either_o way_n it_o carry_v with_o it_o all_o thing_n natural_a unto_o itself_o whereof_o this_o be_v one_o that_o every_o person_n be_v possess_v of_o another_o man_n good_n be_v bind_v to_o make_v restitution_n thereof_o to_o the_o right_a owner_n and_o this_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o martianus_n where_o he_o tell_v we_o possident_fw-la res_fw-la condici_fw-la possunt_fw-la ab_fw-la iis_fw-la qui_fw-la non_fw-la ex_fw-la justa_fw-la causa_fw-la possident_fw-la that_o good_n may_v by_o personal_a action_n at_o law_n be_v require_v from_o those_o who_o without_o any_o just_a cause_n be_v possess_v of_o they_o and_o from_o hence_o also_o spring_v that_o in_o ulpian_n he_o that_o find_v what_o be_v another_o be_v so_o strict_o bind_v to_o restore_v it_o that_o he_o can_v so_o much_o as_o require_v a_o reward_n for_o the_o find_n of_o it_o but_o he_o be_v to_o restore_v it_o with_o its_o fruit_n if_o any_o be_v save_v only_o to_o himself_o his_o reasonable_a charge_n ii_o of_o the_o profit_n of_o what_o belong_v to_o another_o of_o thing_n not_o extant_a the_o law_n of_o nation_n run_v thus_o that_o if_o another_o be_v enrich_v by_o what_o be_v i_o i_o not_o enjoy_v my_o own_o he_o stand_v oblige_v to_o restore_v to_o i_o so_o much_o as_o he_o be_v make_v the_o rich_a by_o what_o be_v i_o because_o as_o to_o that_o which_o he_o have_v gain_v by_o what_o be_v i_o he_o have_v the_o more_o and_o i_o for_o want_v of_o what_o be_v my_o own_o have_v the_o less_o by_o so_o much_o as_o he_o have_v gain_v for_o dominion_n be_v therefore_o general_o agree_v on_o that_o every_o man_n according_a to_o his_o proportion_n shall_v enjoy_v his_o own_o contra_fw-la naturam_fw-la est_fw-la 3._o cicero_n off._n 3._o ex_fw-la hominis_fw-la incommodo_fw-la suum_fw-la augere_fw-la commodum_fw-la for_o one_o man_n to_o enrich_v himself_o by_o that_o which_o be_v another_o man_n loss_n be_v unnatural_a say_v cicero_n and_o in_o another_o place_n that_o we_o shall_v build_v up_o our_o own_o power_n fortune_n or_o wealth_n upon_o the_o ruin_n of_o other_o man_n nature_n itself_o will_v not_o permit_v there_o be_v so_o much_o of_o natural_a reason_n in_o this_o say_n that_o the_o lawyer_n be_v enforce_v to_o decline_v the_o prescript_n rule_v of_o their_o law_n and_o to_o determine_v many_o case_n by_o this_o of_o equity_n as_o be_v the_o most_o convince_a a_o contract_n make_v by_o a_o servant_n be_v a_o factor_n shall_v bind_v his_o master_n unless_o proclamation_n be_v first_o make_v that_o no_o credit_n shall_v be_v give_v unto_o he_o but_o yet_o although_o such_o proclamation_n be_v make_v if_o that_o servant_n make_v any_o profit_n thereby_o either_o to_o himself_o or_o put_v it_o to_o his_o master_n account_n it_o shall_v be_v judge_v a_o fraud_n videtur_fw-la enim_fw-la dolum_fw-la malum_fw-la facere_fw-la qui_fw-la ex_fw-la aliena_fw-la jactura_fw-la lucrum_fw-la quaerat_fw-la for_o he_o seem_v to_o deal_v deceitful_o that_o make_v himself_o rich_a by_o another_o man_n loss_n where_o the_o word_n dolus_fw-la malus_fw-la signify_v whatsoever_o be_v repugnant_a to_o natural_a right_n and_o equity_n if_o a_o wife_n shall_v give_v unto_o her_o husband_n money_n which_o by_o the_o law_n she_o may_v require_v of_o he_o again_o the_o wife_n shall_v have_v either_o a_o personal_a action_n against_o her_o husband_n or_o shall_v relieve_v herself_o by_o that_o which_o be_v buy_v with_o her_o money_n because_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o husband_n be_v make_v the_o rich_a by_o it_o and_o therefore_o enquiry_n shall_v be_v make_v what_o he_o possess_v that_o be_v buy_v with_o her_o money_n so_o again_o if_o thou_o have_v spend_v or_o otherwise_o dispose_v of_o money_n which_o my_o servant_n have_v steal_v from_o i_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v his_o i_o have_v a_o good_a action_n against_o thou_o for_o this_o reason_n because_o my_o good_n come_v into_o thy_o possession_n without_o any_o just_a cause_n pupil_n according_a to_o the_o roman_a law_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o pay_v what_o they_o borrow_v yet_o if_o it_o appear_v that_o they_o be_v the_o rich_a by_o what_o they_o borrow_v a_o action_n shall_v lie_v against_o they_o so_o likewise_o if_o thou_o contract_a with_o my_o debtor_n not_o as_o i_o but_o suppose_v he_o to_o be_v another_o man_n and_o borrow_v my_o money_n of_o he_o thou_o stand_v bind_v to_o pay_v i_o not_o because_o i_o trust_v thou_o with_o my_o money_n which_o can_v not_o be_v without_o mutual_a consent_n but_o because_o my_o money_n come_v into_o thy_o possession_n it_o be_v both_o just_a and_o righteous_a that_o thou_o shall_v restore_v it_o to_o i_o as_o to_o the_o right_a owner_n our_o modern_a lawyer_n do_v prudent_o judge_v of_o other_o the_o like_a case_n by_o these_o as_o namely_o that_o he_o who_o good_n whilst_o he_o lay_v conceal_v have_v be_v sell_v when_o he_o may_v have_v have_v a_o exception_n shall_v be_v admit_v to_o receive_v the_o money_n that_o be_v raise_v by_o the_o sale_n of_o they_o and_o that_o he_o that_o accommodate_v the_o father_n with_o money_n for_o his_o son_n maintenance_n if_o the_o father_n be_v not_o able_a to_o discharge_v the_o debt_n shall_v have_v his_o action_n against_o the_o son_n if_o he_o enjoy_v any_o good_n that_o be_v his_o mother_n these_o two_o rule_n be_v thorough_o understand_v may_v guide_v we_o to_o give_v satisfaction_n in_o such_o case_n of_o conscience_n as_o be_v usual_o by_o as_o well_o lawyer_n as_o divine_n propose_v iii_o he_o that_o use_v another_o think_v it_o his_o own_o not_o bind_v to_o restore_v if_o the_o thing_n perish_v for_o in_o the_o first_o place_n it_o hence_o appear_v that_o he_o that_o be_v possess_v of_o what_o be_v another_o yet_o think_v it_o to_o be_v his_o own_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o make_v any_o restitution_n if_o the_o thing_n itself_o so_o possess_v do_v perish_v because_o he_o have_v neither_o the_o thing_n itself_o nor_o any_o gain_n by_o it_o but_o he_o that_o know_o possess_v what_o be_v another_o be_v bind_v not_o only_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o but_o for_o his_o fact_n in_o detain_v it_o iv_o yet_o be_v he_o bind_v to_o restore_v the_o fruit_n in_o be_v if_o any_o be_v second_o he_o that_o through_o ignorance_n possess_v another_o right_n be_v bind_v to_o restore_v not_o only_o the_o thing_n but_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o thing_n that_o be_v extant_a the_o fruit_n i_o say_v of_o the_o thing_n but_o not_o the_o fruit_n of_o his_o own_o labour_n for_o though_o without_o the_o thing_n those_o fruit_n can_v not_o be_v perceive_v yet_o be_v they_o not_o due_a to_o the_o thing_n itself_o which_o without_o his_o labour_n can_v not_o have_v produce_v they_o now_o the_o ground_n of_o this_o obligation_n arise_v from_o propriety_n for_o he_o that_o be_v the_o owner_n of_o the_o thing_n be_v natural_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o fruit_n arise_v from_o the_o thing_n v._o yea_o and_o those_o that_o be_v consume_v unless_o otherwise_o he_o have_v not_o spend_v they_o three_o he_o that_o unknowing_o possess_v another_o man_n good_n be_v bind_v to_o make_v restitution_n both_o of_o the_o thing_n and_o of_o the_o fruit_n that_o be_v spend_v if_o it_o appear_v that_o he_o must_v otherwise_o have_v spend_v as_o much_o of_o what_o be_v his_o own_o because_o he_o be_v by_o that_o so_o much_o the_o rich_a this_o suetonius_n high_o commend_v in_o caligula_n that_o those_o who_o he_o restore_v to_o their_o kingdom_n he_o likewise_o restore_v to_o the_o fruit_n and_o profit_n of_o they_o for_o half_a the_o time_n they_o stand_v exile_v vi_o but_o not_o for_o those_o which_o he_o
far_a whether_o the_o person_n so_o empower_v be_v a_o freeman_n or_o not_o as_o be_v usual_o do_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n but_o conclude_v rather_o that_o the_o promise_n be_v full_o complete_a by_o that_o acceptance_n for_o it_o suffice_v to_o signify_v our_o consent_n though_o by_o a_o servant_n who_o will_n be_v repute_v we_o if_o we_o authorize_v he_o and_o he_o accept_v thereof_o but_o if_o he_o that_o accept_v of_o the_o promise_n have_v no_o such_o order_n from_o he_o to_o who_o the_o promise_n be_v make_v but_o be_v depute_v by_o the_o promiser_n then_o have_v the_o promiser_n no_o power_n to_o revoke_v the_o promise_n until_o he_o who_o it_o concern_v do_v either_o accept_v thereof_o or_o reject_v it_o yet_o so_o notwithstanding_o that_o he_o who_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n have_v accept_v of_o the_o promise_v make_v have_v no_o power_n to_o remit_v it_o because_o he_o be_v not_o depute_v to_o accept_v of_o any_o right_n to_o the_o thing_n promise_v but_o to_o bind_v the_o promiser_n to_o observe_v and_o perform_v his_o promise_n in_o sustain_v the_o thing_n promise_v so_o that_o if_o the_o promiser_n shall_v retract_v he_o may_v be_v say_v to_o break_v his_o faith_n but_o he_o can_v be_v say_v to_o invade_v any_o man_n right_a or_o propriety_n xix_o in_o what_o time_n a_o charge_n may_v be_v add_v to_o a_o promise_n by_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v it_o may_v easy_o be_v conceive_v what_o we_o be_v to_o judge_v concern_v such_o a_o charge_n as_o be_v usual_o add_v unto_o a_o promise_n for_o such_o a_o charge_n may_v be_v impose_v as_o long_o as_o the_o promise_n be_v not_o yet_o make_v perfect_a by_o acceptance_n nor_o the_o faith_n of_o the_o promiser_n give_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v irrevocable_a but_o yet_o this_o charge_n add_v for_o the_o use_n and_o benefit_n of_o a_o three_o person_n be_v also_o revocable_a until_o it_o shall_v be_v by_o that_o three_o person_n accept_v although_o some_o there_o be_v that_o as_o well_o in_o this_o as_o in_o other_o the_o like_a question_n be_v otherwise_o persuade_v but_o he_o that_o thorough_o consider_v the_o matter_n will_v quick_o discern_v so_o much_o of_o natural_a reason_n and_o equity_n in_o what_o have_v be_v say_v that_o he_o will_v judge_v all_o far_a proof_n to_o be_v needless_a and_o superfluous_a xx._n a_o promise_n in_o itself_o invalid_a how_o it_o may_v be_v make_v firm_a it_o be_v also_o sometime_o controvert_v how_o a_o promise_v occasion_v by_o a_o error_n or_o mistake_v in_o the_o promiser_n may_v be_v make_v good_a if_o the_o truth_n be_v know_v the_o promiser_n notwithstanding_o his_o mistake_n be_v willing_a to_o stand_v to_o his_o promise_n the_o like_a question_n may_v be_v put_v concern_v promise_v occasion_v by_o fear_n force_n or_o the_o like_a when_o the_o cause_n thereof_o shall_v afterward_o cease_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o matrimony_n and_o the_o like_a for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o which_o promise_v some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o nothing_o be_v requisite_a but_o the_o internal_a act_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o be_v conjoin_v with_o the_o former_a external_a act_n suffice_v to_o contract_v a_o firm_a obligation_n other_o disallow_v this_o because_o they_o can_v admit_v that_o any_o outward_a act_n shall_v be_v a_o competent_a sign_n of_o a_o internal_a act_n subsequent_a to_o it_o do_v require_v a_o new_a verbal_a promise_n and_o acceptance_n but_o the_o middle_a opinion_n be_v the_o safe_a which_o require_v some_o outward_a act_n but_o not_o such_o as_o be_v verbal_a see_v that_o the_o retain_v of_o the_o thing_n promise_v by_o the_o person_n to_o who_o it_o be_v promise_v and_o the_o relinquish_a of_o it_o by_o the_o person_n promise_v or_o some_o such_o like_a act_n be_v sufficient_a to_o testify_v the_o mutual_a consent_n of_o both_o party_n xxi_o promise_v make_v without_o cause_n not_o natural_o void_a they_o also_o must_v not_o be_v omit_v lest_o we_o shall_v confound_v the_o civil_a law_n with_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n promise_v as_o well_o as_o gift_n may_v be_v good_a and_o valid_a though_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n or_o consideration_n express_v wherefore_o they_o be_v make_v xxii_o he_o that_o promise_v for_o the_o fact_n of_o another_o how_o far_o he_o stand_v bind_v neither_o be_v any_o man_n bind_v by_o his_o promise_n that_o he_o make_v for_o the_o fact_n of_o another_o man_n to_o make_v good_a all_o that_o wherein_o they_o differ_v so_o as_o he_o omit_v nothing_o of_o that_o which_o on_o his_o part_n may_v be_v do_v to_o procure_v that_o man_n to_o do_v it_o unless_o either_o the_o word_n of_o the_o promise_n or_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o business_n do_v natural_o require_v a_o strong_a obligation_n so_o livy_n in_o the_o like_a case_n he_o think_v himself_o discharge_v of_o his_o promise_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o leave_v nothing_o unattempted_a that_o lie_v in_o he_o to_o have_v have_v it_o perform_v chap._n xii_o of_o contract_n i._o the_o division_n of_o humane_a act_n unto_o other_o profitable_a and_o first_o of_o simple_a and_o mix_v ii_o simple_a be_v either_o pure_o liberal_a or_o with_o mutual_a obligation_n iii_o or_o into_o such_o as_o be_v permutatory_n as_o well_o such_o as_o separate_v the_o part_n iv_o as_o those_o that_o introduce_v community_n v._o those_o that_o be_v mix_v be_v either_o so_o principal_o vi_o or_o by_o way_n of_o accession_n vii_o which_o of_o these_o act_n be_v call_v contract_n viii_o in_o all_o contract_v there_o shall_v be_v a_o equality_n and_o that_o first_o in_o such_o act_n as_o be_v praecedaneous_a ix_o as_o a_o equality_n in_o knowledge_n x._o a_o equal_a freedom_n of_o will._n xi_o 2._o in_o the_o very_a act_n if_o it_o be_v by_o way_n of_o exchange_n xii_o 3._o in_o the_o thing_n contract_v for_o explain_v xiii_o that_o this_o equality_n take_v place_n even_o in_o such_o act_n as_o be_v either_o mere_o or_o in_o part_n beneficent_a fourteen_o how_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v value_v and_o for_o what_o cause_v the_o price_n be_v either_o increase_v or_o diminish_v xv._o when_o thing_n be_v perfect_o buy_v and_o when_o the_o dominion_n be_v transfer_v xvi_o what_o monopoly_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o rule_n of_o charity_n xvii_o how_o money_n receive_v its_o function_n xviii_o of_o land_n hire_v nothing_o of_o the_o rent_n be_v to_o be_v abate_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o sterility_n or_o the_o like_a and_o if_o the_o first_o tenant_n be_v disable_v to_o use_v the_o land_n or_o thing_n may_v it_o not_o be_v let_v to_o another_o xix_o how_o the_o just_a hire_n of_o man_n labour_n may_v be_v increase_v or_o diminish_v xx._n by_o what_o law_n usury_n be_v forbid_v xxi_o what_o profit_n fall_v not_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o usury_n xxii_o what_o the_o civil_a law_n determine_v of_o usury_n xxiii_o in_o contract_n what_o value_n we_o be_v to_o put_v upon_o the_o peril_n we_o run_v in_o secure_v the_o main_a stock_n xxiv_o in_o social_a contract_n how_o the_o profit_n be_v to_o be_v proportion_v and_o of_o its_o several_a kind_n xxv_o of_o naval_a confederation_n xxvi_o if_o there_o be_v a_o inequality_n in_o the_o term_n agree_v upon_o as_o to_z act_n external_a the_o law_n of_o nation_n allow_v no_o remedy_n and_o in_o what_o sense_n this_o be_v say_v to_o be_v natural_a i._o the_o division_n of_o humane_a act_n to_o other_o profitable_a of_o such_o humane_a act_n as_o be_v to_o other_o profitable_a some_o be_v simple_a other_o mix_v or_o compound_v ii_o of_o those_o that_o be_v simple_a some_o be_v mere_o beneficent_a some_o mutual_o obligatory_a of_o those_o that_o be_v simple_a some_o be_v beneficent_a other_o permutatory_n such_o as_o be_v beneficent_a be_v either_o mere_o gratuitous_a or_o infer_v a_o mutual_a obligation_n such_o as_o be_v mere_o gratuitous_a be_v either_o present_o do_v or_o such_o as_o extend_v to_o the_o time_n to_o come_v those_o that_o be_v present_o do_v be_v either_o some_o fact_n or_o deed_n that_o yield_v profit_n to_o another_o whereof_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n that_o we_o shall_v discourse_v since_o though_o it_o do_v produce_v profit_n yet_o it_o have_v no_o effect_n of_o right_n or_o some_o donative_n or_o free_a gift_n which_o also_o be_v a_o profitable_a act_n and_o present_o do_v whereby_o dominion_n be_v transfer_v and_o whereof_o we_o have_v treat_v above_o when_o we_o discourse_v of_o the_o acquire_a dominion_n those_o gratuitous_a act_n that_o extend_v to_o the_o time_n to_o come_v be_v promise_n either_o to_o give_v or_o to_o do_v somewhat_o whereof_o we_o discourse_v in_o the_o chapter_n precede_v those_o beneficent_a act_n which_o infer_v mutual_a obligation_n be_v such_o as_o dispose_v either_o of_o thing_n without_o alienate_v they_o or_o
christian_a doctrine_n x._o single_a combat_n permit_v near_o of_o kin_n unto_o this_o be_v single_a combat_n between_o competitor_n the_o use_n whereof_o be_v not_o altogether_o to_o be_v reject_v for_o where_o two_o person_n stand_v in_o competition_n for_o one_o thing_n which_o can_v be_v divide_v be_v ready_a to_o embroil_v a_o whole_a nation_n in_o blood_n it_o be_v much_o better_o and_o more_o just_a that_o one_o shall_v perish_v for_o all_o than_o that_o all_o shall_v perish_v for_o one_o only_a in_o which_o case_n that_o of_o jocasta_n in_o seneca_n be_v good_a advice_n otho_n plut._n otho_n theb._n theb._n rex_fw-la sit_fw-la è_fw-la vobis_fw-la uter_fw-la manente_fw-la regno_fw-la quaerite_fw-la try_v which_o of_o you_o shall_v reign_v but_o let_v the_o kingdom_n still_o remain_v and_o this_o if_o not_o justifiable_a in_o the_o competitor_n themselves_o yet_o may_v it_o well_o be_v accept_v of_o by_o the_o people_n if_o offer_v as_o be_v of_o two_o evil_n by_o much_o the_o lesser_a thus_o metius_n in_o livy_n bespeak_v tullus_n 5._o lib._n 5._o let_v we_o agree_v about_o some_o way_n whereby_o it_o may_v be_v determine_v whether_o of_o we_o two_o shall_v reign_v over_o the_o other_o without_o the_o effusion_n of_o so_o much_o blood_n or_o the_o slaughter_n of_o either_o of_o our_o people_n strabo_n set_v it_o down_o as_o a_o ancient_a custom_n among_o the_o grecian_n and_o aeneas_n in_o virgil_n account_v it_o a_o very_a just_a thing_n that_o the_o quarrel_n between_o turnus_n and_o he_o shall_v have_v be_v thus_o decide_v 11._o aen._n 11._o fitter_n it_o have_v be_v for_o turnus_n thus_o to_o have_v die_v and_o for_o this_o cause_n it_o be_v that_o m._n anthony_n challenge_v caesar_n to_o a_o single_a combat_n as_o plutarch_n record_v ant._n vit._n ant._n sure_o it_o be_v that_o among_o other_o custom_n of_o the_o ancient_a franc_n agathias_n high_o commend_v this_o who_o word_n be_v worthy_a of_o eternal_a memory_n be_v to_o this_o purpose_n no_o soon_o do_v any_o quarrel_n arise_v between_o their_o king_n but_o immediate_o they_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o arm_n they_o raise_v army_n and_o march_n against_o each_o other_o so_o furious_o as_o if_o nothing_o but_o a_o absolute_a conquest_n can_v end_v the_o controversy_n but_o yet_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o army_n meet_v and_o face_v they_o present_o lay_v aside_o all_o animosity_n and_o make_v peace_n thereby_o enforce_v as_o it_o be_v their_o king_n to_o dispute_v their_o grievance_n rather_o by_o law_n than_o arm_n or_o if_o that_o please_v they_o not_o then_o to_o end_v their_o quarrel_n with_o the_o peril_n of_o their_o own_o life_n only_o as_o judge_v it_o neither_o just_a nor_o reasonable_a nor_o indeed_o agreeable_a to_o their_o national_a custom_n for_o their_o king_n to_o sacrifice_v the_o commonwealth_n to_o their_o private_a hatred_n wherefore_o they_o instant_o disband_v their_o army_n reconcile_v their_o prince_n and_o make_v peace_n tanta_fw-la in_o subditis_fw-la cura_fw-la justitiae_fw-la &_o patriae_fw-la amor_fw-la in_fw-la regibus_fw-la animus_n placidus_fw-la &_o suis_fw-la obsequens_fw-la so_o great_a in_o the_o subject_n be_v their_o esteem_n of_o justice_n and_o love_n to_o their_o country_n and_o in_o their_o king_n their_o moderation_n of_o spirit_n and_o their_o compliance_n with_o the_o people_n in_o order_n to_o their_o common_a safety_n xi_o in_o case_n equal_o dubious_a the_o present_a occupant_a have_v the_o best_a right_n although_o where_o the_o equity_n of_o the_o cause_n be_v doubtful_a both_o party_n be_v oblige_v to_o seek_v after_o condition_n of_o peace_n to_o prevent_v the_o misery_n of_o war_n yet_o do_v it_o more_o concern_v he_o that_o demand_n than_o he_o that_o enjoy_v what_o the_o other_o require_v as_o in_o the_o like_o equal_a cause_n melior_fw-la est_fw-la possidentis_fw-la conditio_fw-la the_o title_n of_o the_o present_a occupant_a be_v presume_v to_o be_v best_a as_o be_v most_o agreeable_a not_o only_o to_o civil_a but_o to_o natural_a right_n the_o reason_n whereof_o we_o have_v already_o give_v elsewhere_o out_o of_o aristotle_n problem_n whereunto_o we_o must_v here_o add_v that_o war_n can_v be_v lawful_o make_v by_o he_o who_o though_o he_o know_v his_o title_n to_o what_o he_o claim_v to_o be_v good_a yet_o can_v produce_v evidence_n sufficient_a to_o convince_v the_o present_a occupant_a of_o the_o illegality_n of_o his_o possession_n because_o he_o have_v not_o a_o right_a to_o compel_v his_o adversary_n to_o leave_v his_o possession_n xii_o if_o neither_o be_v possess_v than_o a_o partition_n be_v just_a where_o the_o right_a be_v equal_o ambiguous_a and_o neither_o party_n in_o possession_n or_o both_o equal_o than_o he_o be_v to_o be_v repute_v unjust_a that_o shall_v refuse_v a_o equal_a partition_n of_o the_o thing_n controvert_v be_v offer_v unto_o he_o xiii_o whether_o a_o war_n may_v be_v on_o both_o side_n just_a explain_v by_o many_o distinction_n by_o what_o have_v be_v herein_o say_v it_o will_v be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o resolve_v that_o question_n which_o be_v so_o frequent_o controvert_v whether_o a_o war_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o principal_a promoter_n of_o it_o can_v be_v on_o both_o side_n just_a where_o we_o must_v first_o distinguish_v between_o the_o various_a acception_n of_o the_o word_n just_o episcopus_fw-la just_o so_o gratian_n distinguish_v justice_n into_o that_o which_o respect_v the_o cause_n the_o order_n and_o the_o mind_n c._n 11._o q._n 5._o post_fw-la c._n episcopus_fw-la for_o a_o thing_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v just_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o cause_n or_o according_a to_o the_o effect_n again_o a_o thing_n a_o may_v be_v just_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o cause_n either_o according_a to_o the_o special_a and_o strict_a acception_n of_o justice_n or_o according_a to_o its_o more_o general_a acception_n as_o it_o comprehend_v whatsoever_o in_o equity_n or_o honesty_n ought_v to_o be_v do_v again_o the_o word_n just_o take_v in_o its_o special_a signification_n may_v be_v subdivide_v into_o that_o which_o respect_v the_o work_n do_v or_o into_o that_o which_o respect_v the_o mind_n of_o he_o that_o do_v it_o for_o the_o agent_n may_v sometime_o be_v say_v to_o do_v just_o whilst_o he_o do_v not_o unjust_o though_o that_o which_o he_o do_v be_v not_o just_a as_o aristotle_n greg._n aristotle_n eth._n l._n 5._o c._n 10_o 11._o greg._n right_o distinguish_v between_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o do_v unjust_o and_o to_o do_v that_o which_o be_v unjust_a bonis_fw-la male_a utuntur_fw-la qui_fw-la temporali_fw-la lucro_fw-la just_a judicant_fw-la they_o make_v ill_a use_n of_o thing_n in_o themselves_o good_a who_o do_v justice_n for_o reward_n sake_n because_o it_o be_v the_o hope_n of_o gain_n and_o not_o the_o love_n of_o justice_n that_o excite_v they_o to_o defend_v the_o truth_n now_o in_o this_o special_a acception_n of_o the_o word_n just_o and_o as_o it_o relate_v to_o the_o thing_n itself_o no_o war_n can_v be_v on_o both_o side_n just_a as_o neither_o can_v any_o other_o contest_v be_v quia_fw-la facultas_fw-la moralis_fw-la ad_fw-la contraria_fw-la non_fw-la datur_fw-la per_fw-la rei_fw-la ipsius_fw-la naturam_fw-la because_o the_o very_a nature_n so_o the_o thing_n about_o which_o the_o dispute_n be_v will_v not_o admit_v of_o a_o moral_a power_n to_o thing_n that_o be_v contrary_a as_o namely_o to_o do_v a_o thing_n and_o yet_o to_o oppose_v the_o do_n of_o it_o but_o yet_o it_o may_v very_o well_o be_v that_o neither_o of_o the_o party_n war_a against_o each_o other_o do_v unjust_o because_o no_o man_n can_v be_v say_v to_o do_v unjust_o but_o he_o that_o know_v that_o which_o he_o do_v to_o be_v unjust_a but_o many_o man_n do_v not_o know_v that_o they_o do_v amiss_o though_o that_o which_o they_o do_v be_v in_o itself_o unjust_a so_o when_o man_n go_v to_o law_n they_o may_v just_o that_o be_v with_o a_o good_a mind_n and_o intention_n do_v it_o on_o both_o side_n because_o they_o do_v both_o conceive_v that_o they_o be_v in_o the_o right_a injustice_n to_o some_o thing_n the_o right_o be_v not_o discernible_a who_o it_o be_v and_o then_o whilst_o each_o endeavour_n to_o take_v that_o from_o another_o which_o he_o think_v belong_v to_o himself_o who_o can_v condemn_v either_o of_o injustice_n for_o of_o many_o thing_n as_o well_o in_o point_n of_o right_n as_o in_o matter_n of_o fact_n whence_o right_o arise_v man_n be_v ignorant_a now_o in_o the_o general_a acception_n of_o the_o word_n just_o that_o be_v say_v to_o be_v just_a in_o the_o do_n whereof_o the_o agent_n be_v altogether_o innocent_a for_o the_o act_n may_v be_v unjust_a and_o yet_o the_o agent_n blameless_a by_o reason_n of_o his_o insuperable_a ignorance_n a_o example_n whereof_o we_o have_v in_o such_o as_o be_v through_o no_o default_n of_o they_o ignorant_a
say_v of_o particular_a person_n may_v also_o be_v say_v of_o city_n and_o people_n that_o if_o they_o be_v free_a they_o may_v recover_v their_o freedom_n if_o the_o power_n of_o their_o friend_n and_o associate_n be_v able_a by_o force_n of_o aâ—ms_n to_o release_v they_o from_o the_o power_n of_o their_o enemy_n but_o if_o the_o very_a body_n of_o the_o people_n that_o constitute_v that_o city_n be_v dissolve_v i_o believe_v that_o they_o that_o succeed_v be_v not_o to_o be_v account_v the_o same_o people_n neither_o be_v those_o thing_n that_o former_o belong_v to_o that_o city_n to_o be_v restore_v unto_o they_o by_o this_o right_n of_o postliminy_n according_a to_o the_o right_n of_o nation_n because_o a_o nation_n like_o a_o ship_n by_o the_o dissolution_n of_o its_o part_n do_v absolute_o perish_v for_o that_o its_o whole_a nature_n consist_v in_o the_o perpetual_a conjunction_n of_o all_o its_o member_n wherefore_o it_o be_v not_o the_o same_o city_n of_o saguntum_n though_o the_o place_n where_o it_o former_o stand_v be_v restore_v unto_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n eight_o year_n after_o its_o dissolution_n neither_o be_v thebes_n the_o same_o city_n after_o that_o alexander_n have_v sell_v the_o citizen_n for_o slave_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o what_o the_o thessalian_n owe_v unto_o the_o theban_n before_o such_o dissolution_n can_v not_o just_o be_v claim_v by_o those_o theban_n by_o postliminy_n and_o that_o for_o a_o double_a reason_n first_o because_o they_o be_v then_o a_o new_a people_n second_o because_o alexander_n whilst_o he_o be_v lord_n over_o they_o have_v a_o power_n to_o alienate_v that_o right_n and_o according_o have_v do_v it_o and_o last_o a_o debt_n be_v not_o to_o be_v reckon_v among_o those_o thing_n which_o return_v by_o postliminy_n not_o much_o unlike_a to_o what_o we_o have_v say_v concern_v city_n be_v that_o which_o the_o ancient_a roman_a law_n conclude_v of_o marriage_n namely_o that_o they_o be_v by_o captivity_n dissolve_v neither_o can_v they_o be_v restore_v by_o postliminy_n but_o must_v be_v redintigrate_v by_o the_o first_o consent_n of_o both_o party_n but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o among_o christian_n witness_v that_o of_o pope_n leo_n unto_o nicetas_n bishop_n of_o aquileia_n concern_v such_o marriage_n namely_o that_o as_o in_o slave_n or_o field_n or_o even_o in_o house_n and_o possession_n the_o right_a and_o title_n of_o they_o be_v preserve_v for_o those_o that_o be_v captive_n in_o case_n they_o shall_v return_v out_o of_o captivity_n so_o also_o in_o wedlock_n if_o either_o party_n be_v marry_v to_o another_o let_v they_o be_v reform_v see_v what_o hincmar_n have_v write_v to_o this_o purpose_n in_o his_o tract_n concern_v the_o divorce_n of_o lotharius_n and_o terberga_n to_o the_o thirteen_o interrogatory_n and_o the_o answer_n of_o pope_n stephen_n in_o the_o second_o tome_n and_o nineteenth_o chapter_n of_o the_o council_n of_o france_n x._o to_o those_o that_o return_v what_o right_n arise_v from_o the_o civil_a law_n by_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v it_o be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o understand_v what_o manner_n of_o right_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n postliminy_n give_v to_o free_a man_n moreover_o this_o very_a same_o right_n may_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n so_o far_o as_o it_o belong_v to_o thing_n agitate_a within_o the_o city_n be_v both_o restrain_v by_o add_v some_o exception_n or_o condition_n and_o also_o enlarge_v unto_o other_o profit_n and_o advantage_n as_o occasion_n serve_v as_o by_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n fugitive_n be_v exempt_v out_o of_o the_o number_n of_o those_o that_o be_v capable_a of_o this_o right_n so_o be_v also_o the_o son_n of_o a_o family_n over_o who_o the_o father_n be_v conceive_v not_o to_o have_v lose_v that_o paternal_a power_n and_o authority_n which_o be_v peculiar_a to_o the_o roman_n and_o that_o for_o this_o reason_n as_o paulus_n observe_v because_o to_o roman_a parent_n their_o military_a discipline_n be_v ever_o dear_a than_o their_o own_o child_n whereunto_o agree_v that_o which_o cicero_n record_v of_o manlius_n that_o he_o strict_o uphold_v the_o discipline_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n though_o to_o his_o own_o grief_n that_o so_o he_o may_v the_o better_o provide_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o city_n wherein_o be_v also_o bind_v up_o his_o own_o which_o make_v he_o prefer_v the_o sovereign_n right_o of_o majesty_n which_o be_v then_o in_o himself_o before_o the_o bond_n of_o nature_n or_o the_o tenderness_n of_o a_o father_n towards_o his_o own_o son_n again_o some_o diminution_n of_o this_o right_n of_o postliminy_n be_v that_o which_o be_v ordain_v first_o by_o the_o athenian_n and_o afterward_o by_o the_o roman_n namely_o ut_fw-la qui_fw-la redemptus_fw-la est_fw-la ab_fw-la hostibus_fw-la redemptori_fw-la serviat_fw-la donec_fw-la pretium_fw-la reddiderit_fw-la that_o he_o that_o be_v redeem_v shall_v serve_v his_o redeemer_n until_o he_o shall_v have_v repay_v his_o ransom_n but_o this_o be_v make_v in_o favour_n to_o the_o poor_a captive_n lest_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o provision_n make_v for_o the_o recovery_n of_o the_o money_n so_o pay_v many_o prisoner_n shall_v have_v be_v leave_v in_o perpetual_a slavery_n among_o their_o enemy_n but_o yet_o even_a this_o very_a slavery_n be_v many_o way_n mitigate_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n and_o at_o length_n by_o the_o last_o law_n of_o justinian_n it_o be_v limit_v to_o five_o year_n service_n neither_o can_v the_o money_n pay_v for_o his_o redemption_n be_v recoverable_a after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o party_n redeem_v so_o also_o by_o any_o contract_n of_o marriage_n between_o the_o person_n redeem_v and_o the_o person_n redeem_v it_o be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v forgive_v so_o if_o it_o be_v a_o woman_n that_o be_v redeem_v if_o the_o redeemer_n do_v prostitute_v her_o body_n the_o ransom_n be_v lose_v there_o be_v many_o other_o law_n make_v among_o the_o roman_n in_o favour_n to_o those_o that_o will_v redeem_v prisoner_n and_o to_o punish_v their_o kinsman_n for_o neglect_v they_o again_o this_o right_n of_o postliminy_n be_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n much_o enlarge_v in_o that_o not_o only_o those_o right_n in_o postliminy_n which_o be_v allow_v of_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v grant_v unto_o he_o that_o so_o return_v but_o general_o all_o thing_n and_o all_o right_n be_v as_o entire_o he_o as_o if_o he_o have_v never_o be_v within_o the_o power_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o this_o be_v also_o the_o attic_a law_n for_o as_o we_o read_v in_o dion_n prusaeensis_fw-la a_o certain_a man_n pretend_v to_o be_v the_o son_n of_o callias_n who_o have_v be_v take_v prisoner_n in_o the_o slaughter_n at_o acanthus_n and_o as_o he_o say_v be_v keep_v as_o a_o prisoner_n in_o thrace_n when_o he_o have_v make_v his_o escape_n to_o athens_n claim_v by_o postliminy_n his_o inheritance_n from_o those_o that_o then_o have_v the_o possession_n thereof_o after_o his_o father_n we_o do_v not_o read_v that_o any_o thing_n be_v plead_v against_o his_o right_n only_o it_o come_v in_o issue_n whether_o he_o be_v the_o son_n of_o callias_n or_o not_o the_o same_o author_n likewise_o relate_v that_o the_o messenian_n after_o long_a captivity_n at_o length_n return_v receive_v both_o their_o liberty_n and_o country_n yea_o and_o those_o thing_n which_o either_o by_o usucapion_n or_o redemption_n seem_v to_o be_v take_v away_o out_o of_o the_o good_n or_o through_o disuse_n to_o be_v desert_v be_v all_o of_o they_o recover_v by_o a_o rescissory_a action_n for_o under_o the_o edict_n of_o make_v restitution_n to_o ancestor_n he_o also_o who_o be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o enemy_n be_v comprehend_v nay_o far_o the_o cornelian_a law_n provide_v for_o the_o heir_n of_o such_o as_o die_v in_o captivity_n and_o conserves_n all_o their_o good_n as_o lawful_o as_o if_o he_o that_o return_v not_o be_v at_o that_o very_a time_n when_o he_o be_v take_v dead_a now_o be_v it_o not_o for_o these_o civil_a law_n without_o doubt_n as_o soon_o as_o any_o man_n be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o the_o enemy_n his_o good_n will_v present_o be_v they_o that_o have_v they_o in_o possession_n because_o qui_fw-la apud_fw-la host_n est_fw-la pro_fw-la nullo_n habetur_fw-la he_o that_o be_v under_o the_o enemy_n power_n be_v hold_v for_o none_o and_o then_o if_o he_o that_o be_v take_v shall_v return_v he_o shall_v receive_v nothing_o but_o such_o thing_n as_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v due_a unto_o he_o by_o postliminy_n but_o that_o the_o good_n of_o a_o captive_n be_v confiscate_v and_o bring_v into_o the_o treasury_n in_o case_n he_o have_v no_o heir_n be_v a_o law_n peculiar_a to_o the_o roman_n only_o hitherto_o we_o have_v treat_v of_o thing_n that_o return_v now_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v receive_v by_o