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the_o passage_n may_v be_v fill_v up_o with_o the_o pike_n but_o if_o your_o pike_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o do_v it_o as_o you_o will_v perceive_v by_o my_o figure_n then_o double_a your_o rank_n let_v your_o pike_n be_v in_o such_o posture_n and_o motion_n according_o as_o occasion_n shall_v offer_v itself_o command_n musquetteer_n face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n and_o march_v until_o you_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o body_n of_o pike_n then_o face_n inward_a and_o close_o your_o division_n for_o the_o pike_n command_v they_o to_o double_v their_o rank_n to_o the_o right_n or_o half_a file_n double_v their_o front_n to_o the_o right_n to_o perform_v this_o command_n the_o first_o rank_n of_o musquetteer_n next_o after_o the_o pike_n face_n to_o the_o right_n then_o to_o march_v forth_o file-wise_a close_o up_o by_o the_o right_a flank_n of_o pike_n and_o when_o the_o leader_n be_v advance_v into_o the_o front_n of_o pike_n he_o be_v to_o lead_v they_o athwart_o the_o whole_a front_n of_o pike_n after_o which_o they_o be_v all_o to_o stand_v present_a and_o give_v fire_n and_o have_v fire_v they_o be_v to_o wheel_v off_o to_o the_o left_a and_o fall_v into_o the_o rear_n of_o musquetteer_n and_o whilst_o the_o first_o rank_n be_v fire_v the_o second_o be_v to_o be_v march_v so_o as_o to_o be_v ready_a to_o fall_v into_o their_o place_n to_o reduce_v they_o command_v the_o pike_n to_o advance_v six_o foot_n if_o they_o be_v double_v their_o rank_n to_o the_o right_a let_v they_o now_o double_v their_o file_n to_o the_o left_a then_o command_v i_o can_v have_v mention_v a_o great_a many_o more_o firing_n to_o the_o front_n but_o through_o my_o confinement_n to_o such_o a_o small_a number_n of_o man_n and_o not_o a_o equality_n in_o arm_n be_v complete_v can_v be_v expect_v from_o i_o must_v of_o these_o firing_n be_v solid_a and_o serviceable_a yet_o it_o can_v be_v conceive_v that_o three_o rank_n can_v make_v any_o abidement_n of_o battle_n for_o continuance_n against_o any_o enemy_n although_o sometime_o they_o may_v be_v force_v to_o be_v reduce_v into_o less_o number_n yet_o by_o show_v the_o nature_n hereof_o you_o will_v be_v the_o better_a able_a to_o manage_v a_o great_a etc._n etc._n chap._n xix_o of_o fire_v in_o the_o front_n and_o rear_n and_o rear_v alone_o before_o i_o demonstrate_v the_o firing_n in_o the_o rear_n i_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o give_v one_o figure_n of_o fire_v to_o the_o front_n and_o rear_n which_o may_v serve_v also_o for_o a_o fire_n to_o each_o flank_n when_o the_o commander_n please_v 1._o command_n front_n half_a file_n of_o musquetteer_n march_v until_o your_o bringers-up_a be_v even_o in_o breast_n with_o the_o front_n of_o pike_n rear_v half_a file_n of_o pike_n face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n rear_n half_a file_n of_o musquetteer_n face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n and_o march_v until_o the_o half_a file-leader_n be_v even_o in_o breast_n with_o the_o bringer_n up_o of_o pike_n for_o the_o first_o fire_v by_o this_o figure_n so_o soon_o as_o the_o rank_n upon_o each_o division_n have_v fire_v they_o be_v to_o wheel_v off_o to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a and_o fall_v into_o the_o rear_n of_o their_o own_o division_n and_o have_v so_o fire_v all_o over_o they_o be_v to_o wheel_v off_o and_o place_v themselves_o even_o in_o breast_n with_o the_o pike_n as_o now_o they_o stand_v face_v then_o be_v face_v to_o their_o leader_n they_o be_v reduce_v this_o be_v not_o our_o drift_n of_o fire_v in_o the_o rear_n but_o if_o in_o a_o march_n a_o enemy_n eager_o pursue_v and_o assault_n then_o by_o face_v about_o and_o fire_v in_o the_o rear_n or_o by_o countermarch_v or_o wheel_v about_o and_o so_o fire_v these_o repulse_n orderly_o perform_v may_v cause_v a_o disorder_n in_o the_o pursuant_n and_o it_o be_v good_a sometime_o as_o occasion_n may_v offer_v to_o keep_v a_o enemy_n in_o play_n whilst_o he_o may_v advantage_v himself_o in_o his_o ground_n either_o for_o his_o embattlement_n or_o ambush_n or_o for_o the_o conveyance_n of_o gunns_n or_o other_o carriage_n etc._n etc._n 2._o fire_v upon_o a_o march_n the_o last_o rank_n be_v to_o face_n about_o and_o so_o to_o give_v fire_n wheel_v off_o in_o file_n by_o division_n and_o march_v up_o towards_o the_o front_n and_o place_v themselves_o before_o their_o file-leader_n 1._o observe_v that_o they_o rank_v even_o with_o the_o second_o rank_n of_o pike_n 2._o in_o the_o performance_n of_o this_o you_o will_v lose_v one_o rank_n in_o the_o front_n 3._o observe_v that_o whilst_o the_o rank_n of_o musquetteer_n be_v fire_v in_o the_o rear_n the_o next_o rank_n although_o he_o be_v march_v he_o ought_v to_o be_v prepare_v with_o his_o cock_n bend_v and_o guard_v that_o with_o his_o three_o motion_n he_o may_v next_o fire_n so_o soon_o as_o his_o precedent_a rank_n be_v wheel_v off_o 4._o although_o you_o be_v upon_o a_o march_n yet_o you_o be_v to_o fall_v one_o rank_n near_o to_o the_o rear_n that_o 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therefore_o sure_a to_o do_v execution_n as_o i_o show_v in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n number_n the_o second_o therefore_o the_o only_a end_n of_o a_o fauss-bray_a be_v the_o defence_n of_o a_o moat_n which_o help_n a_o dry_a ditch_n do_v not_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o as_o shall_v be_v teach_v hereafter_o ii_o its_o height_n and_o structure_n some_o architect_n sharp_o contend_v that_o such_o a_o height_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o fauss-bray_a as_o may_v make_v it_o able_a to_o command_v the_o outwork_n but_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o outwork_n will_v better_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o rampar_n itself_o and_o as_o much_o as_o you_o shall_v add_v to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o fauss-bray_a so_o much_o will_v you_o diminish_v from_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o graft_n therefore_o let_v it_o not_o exceed_v humane_a stature_n the_o rest_n of_o its_o structure_n be_v the_o same_o in_o all_o thing_n as_o that_o of_o the_o brestwork_n of_o the_o rampar_n deliver_v in_o the_o eight_o 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serve_v to_o plant_v gun_n in_o but_o not_o the_o big_a iv_o the_o bankside_n or_o lisier_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o fauss-bray_a towards_o the_o ditch_n be_v leave_v a_o space_n of_o six_o foot_n r_o s_n for_o the_o strengthen_n and_o keep_v up_o of_o the_o work_n lest_o any_o of_o the_o earth_n shall_v fall_v into_o the_o ditch_n chap._n x._o i._o whether_o a_o dry_a ditch_n or_o graft_n be_v better_o than_o a_o moat_n there_o be_v not_o a_o question_n more_o frequent_a among_o engineer_n and_o many_o now_o prefer_v the_o dry_a one_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o a_o moat_n be_v these_o it_o keep_v the_o besiege_a in_o like_a prisoner_n that_o they_o can_v sally_v out_o upon_o the_o enemy_n unless_o a_o covert_a way_n and_o out-brestwork_a be_v raise_v beyond_o it_o at_o very_o great_a expense_n and_o when_o the_o out-brestwork_a shall_v be_v take_v it_o can_v defend_v itself_o since_o there_o be_v no_o go_v on_o it_o but_o by_o little_a boat_n therefore_o the_o gallery_n be_v 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angle_n plans_n tousiour_n compris_fw-fr par_fw-fr deux_fw-fr costez_fw-fr de_fw-fr trente_n pieds_fw-fr angel_n base_n  _fw-fr 1_o  _fw-fr 2_o  _fw-fr 3_o  _fw-fr 4_o 10_o 5_o  _fw-fr 6_o  _fw-fr 7_o  _fw-fr 8_o  _fw-fr 9_o 20_o 10_o  _fw-fr 11_o  _fw-fr 12_o  _fw-fr 13_o  _fw-fr 14_o 30_o 15_o  _fw-fr 16_o  _fw-fr 17_o  _fw-fr 18_o  _fw-fr 19_o 40_o 20_o  _fw-fr 21_o  _fw-fr 22_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 23_o  _fw-fr 24_o 50_o 25_o  _fw-fr 26_o  _fw-fr 26_o  _fw-fr 28_o  _fw-fr 29_o 60_o 30_o  _fw-fr 31_o  _fw-fr 32_o  _fw-fr 33_o 70_o 34_o  _fw-fr 35_o  _fw-fr 36_o  _fw-fr 37_o  _fw-fr 38_o 80_o 39_o  _fw-fr 40_o  _fw-fr 41_o 90_o 42_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 43_o  _fw-fr 44_o  _fw-fr 45_o 100_o 46_o  _fw-fr 47_o  _fw-fr 48_o 110_o 49_o  _fw-fr 50_o  _fw-fr 51_o 120_o 52_o  _fw-fr 53_o 130_o 54_o  _fw-fr 55_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 140_o 56_o  _fw-fr 57_o 150_o 58_o 160_o 59_o 170_o  _fw-fr 180_o 60_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o most_o useful_a instrument_n by_o the_o help_n whereof_o any_o poligone_n from_o a_o square_a to_o a_o dodecagone_fw-mi which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o be_v require_v in_o any_o fortification_n may_v be_v describe_v not_o only_o with_o great_a expedition_n but_o likewise_o much_o more_o exact_o than_o by_o any_o sector_n scale_n or_o other_o instrument_n or_o method_n whatsoever_o the_o use_n of_o this_o instrument_n be_v only_o to_o lay_v it_o upon_o your_o paper_n and_o hold_v it_o fast_o with_o your_o left_a hand_n to_o mark_v out_o any_o poligone_n therein_o contain_v with_o the_o point_n of_o a_o needle_n by_o its_o respective_a figure_n and_o so_o join_v the_o point_n and_o if_o you_o desire_v to_o describe_v a_o poligone_n large_a than_o the_o instrument_n as_o be_v the_o dodecagone_fw-mi in_o this_o figure_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o continue_v the_o line_n from_o the_o say_a prick_n to_o the_o circumference_n and_o if_o it_o be_v desire_v to_o have_v a_o poligone_n less_o than_o the_o instrument_n the_o reason_n be_v the_o same_o architec_fw-la milit_fw-la 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o architec_n milit_fw-la 6_o 7_o 8_o 9_o architec_n milit_fw-la 10_o architec_fw-la milit_fw-la 11_o 12_o 13_o 14_o 15_o 16_o architec_fw-la milit_fw-la 17_o 18_o 19_o 20_o 21_o 22_o 23_o 24_o architec_fw-la milit_fw-la 25_o 26_o 27_o 28_o architec_fw-la milit_fw-la 29_o 30_o 31_o 32_o 33_o 34_o architec_fw-la milit_fw-la 35_o 36_o x_o 37_o 38_o 39_o 40_o architec_fw-la milit_fw-la 41_o 42_o 43_o the_o complete_a gunner_n in_o three_o part_n part_n i._o show_v the_o art_n of_o sound_v and_o cast_v piece_n of_o ordnance_n with_o the_o composition_n of_o metal_n thereunto_o necessary_a the_o composition_n and_o matter_n of_o gunpowder_n the_o several_a sort_n colour_n and_o operation_n part_n ii_o discover_v the_o necessary_a instrument_n and_o variety_n of_o instruction_n to_o the_o complete_n of_o a_o gunner_n with_o a_o table_n of_o square_n and_o cube_n serve_v for_o the_o resolution_n of_o question_n of_o gunnery_n and_o other_o arts._n as_o also_o 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know_v i_o will_v assure_v you_o that_o i_o have_v no_o other_o end_n in_o publish_v this_o treatise_n than_o what_o i_o have_v mention_v before_o i_o shall_v only_o crave_v your_o pardon_n for_o the_o fault_n that_o may_v be_v commit_v in_o the_o print_n as_o be_v not_o there_o present_a at_o the_o correction_n of_o any_o part_n of_o it_o my_o occasion_n call_v i_o other_o way_n yet_o i_o hope_v their_o care_n be_v so_o much_o that_o the_o fault_n be_v not_o material_a or_o at_o most_o not_o so_o much_o but_o your_o courtesy_n may_v supply_v that_o defect_n so_o i_o recommend_v this_o work_n to_o your_o good_a reception_n and_o bid_v you_o farewell_n w.t._n the_o complete_a gunner_n chap._n i._o treat_v of_o the_o earth_n necessary_a in_o make_v of_o mould_v for_o the_o cast_n of_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n with_o the_o manner_n of_o cast_v etc._n etc._n we_o will_v not_o dispute_v of_o the_o first_o invention_n of_o gun_n that_o be_v whether_o it_o come_v from_o archimedes_n as_o the_o italian_n do_v report_n or_o from_o a_o englishman_n or_o from_o a_o monk_n for_o this_o knowledge_n matter_n not_o much_o to_o the_o art_n nor_o be_v it_o of_o any_o profitable_a signification_n to_o the_o artist_n especial_o consider_v that_o author_n do_v not_o real_o consent_v in_o this_o thing_n our_o intent_n be_v therefore_o not_o to_o trouble_v the_o ingenious_a student_n with_o vain_a uncertain_a repetition_n but_o to_o compose_v a_o complete_a piece_n of_o gunnery_n and_o therein_o to_o discourse_v from_o the_o begin_n to_o the_o end_n all_o that_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v know_v or_o learn_v after_o the_o knowledge_n of_o common_a arithmetic_n by_o one_o that_o intend_v to_o be_v a_o perfect_a proficient_a in_o the_o say_v art_n we_o do_v suppose_v it_o therefore_o necessary_a for_o a_o master_n gunner_n to_o know_v first_o the_o make_n of_o mould_v and_o cast_v of_o piece_n therefore_o i_o shall_v first_o begin_v to_o discourse_v of_o the_o property_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o earth_n fit_a for_o cast_v or_o make_v mould_v for_o this_o be_v of_o great_a moment_n consider_v that_o many_o or_o indeed_o most_o earth_n be_v not_o for_o this_o purpose_n for_o the_o earth_n fit_a for_o the_o cast_n of_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n must_v be_v such_o as_o will_v not_o be_v melt_v or_o fuse_v although_o it_o be_v put_v into_o a_o very_a great_a fire_n but_o must_v remain_v firm_a and_o hard_o and_o these_o earth_n be_v general_o of_o a_o reddish_n or_o iron-like_a colour_n which_o be_v well_o know_v to_o many_o potter_n especial_o such_o as_o make_v chemical_a vessel_n the_o earth_n be_v obtain_v it_o must_v be_v sift_v and_o cast_v up_o after_o the_o usual_a manner_n as_o man_n do_v in_o the_o make_n of_o mortar_n then_o let_v it_o be_v moisten_v with_o a_o alchalated_a water_n especial_o such_o as_o be_v make_v of_o niter_n
for_o that_o purpose_n and_o make_v it_o like_o paste_n then_o as_o be_v usual_a let_v it_o be_v beat_v up_o strong_o with_o a_o iron_n bar_n the_o more_o it_o be_v beat_v the_o better_a it_o be_v in_o the_o beat_n add_v one_o sixth_o part_n of_o horse_n dung_n and_o a_o proportionable_a part_n of_o flox_n or_o hair_n and_o let_v it_o again_o be_v well_o beat_v and_o incorporate_v always_o keep_v a_o moiety_n of_o this_o earth_n without_o hair_n or_o flox_n which_o be_v for_o groundwork_n and_o these_o composition_n or_o earth_n thus_o incorporate_v you_o must_v reserve_v for_o the_o make_v your_o mould_v for_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n according_a to_o the_o rule_v prescribe_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n chap._n ii_o of_o make_v mould_v and_o cast_v piece_n of_o ordnance_n with_o the_o mixture_n of_o metal_n and_o allowance_n of_o powder_n for_o proof_n as_o a_o master_n builder_n when_o he_o intend_v the_o building_n a_o ship_n make_v first_o a_o mould_n or_o moddel_n of_o the_o same_o so_o the_o master_n gunner_n or_o he_o that_o take_v in_o hand_n the_o business_n of_o cast_v gun_n must_v have_v a_o form_n or_o model_n of_o his_o piece_n intend_v make_v of_o wood_n or_o such_o other_o matter_n he_o may_v think_v most_o convenient_a which_o then_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o founder_n with_o a_o intent_n to_o be_v cast_v must_v first_o be_v smeer_v all_o over_o with_o palm_n oil_n or_o instead_o of_o that_o our_o lard_n or_o hogs-grease_n than_o first_o cover_v it_o over_o with_o the_o say_a earth_n thin_o and_o let_v it_o dry_v leisurely_o then_o lay_v on_o more_o increase_a it_o to_o such_o a_o thickness_n as_o you_o may_v judge_v convenient_a for_o your_o purpose_n and_o it_o must_v be_v so_o make_v that_o it_o may_v be_v take_v into_o several_a part_n so_o that_o the_o pattern_n may_v be_v take_v out_o and_o the_o mould_n again_o exact_o close_v and_o the_o outside_n strengthen_v with_o iron_n plate_n as_o long_o as_o the_o chase_n of_o the_o piece_n be_v and_o hoop_v together_o with_o iron_n hoop_n to_o knock_v on_o and_o off_o then_o must_v there_o be_v make_v with_o the_o same_o earth_n upon_o a_o square_a bar_n of_o iron_n bind_v round_o with_o a_o cord_n that_o the_o clay_n may_v stick_v well_o a_o form_n exact_o round_a of_o the_o fashion_n of_o the_o concave_n of_o your_o piece_n whether_o you_o intend_v it_o a_o cylend_a or_o a_o chamber-board_n piece_n proportion_v both_o in_o length_n and_o diameter_n and_o it_o must_v be_v place_v exact_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o concave_n and_o when_o all_o be_v well_o join_v together_o be_v sure_a it_o be_v well_o polish_v and_o smooth_v that_o the_o metal_n may_v run_v the_o better_a and_o be_v the_o clear_a from_o flaw_n hole_n or_o cleft_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o your_o work_n take_v care_n that_o your_o mould_n be_v exact_o proportionable_a as_o to_o height_n and_o substantialness_n of_o metal_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o piece_n you_o intend_v that_o be_v the_o canon_n double-fortified_n must_v be_v so_o cast_v that_o the_o diameter_n at_o muzzle_n be_v but_o 7_o 18_o of_o the_o diameter_n at_o britch_n the_o lesser_a cannon_n at_o britch_n to_o be_v ¾_n so_o big_a as_o the_o great_a cannon_n 9_o 18_o at_o trunion_n and_o 1_o 18_o at_o muzzle_n whereas_o ordinary_a fortify_v cannon_n have_v at_o the_o touchhole_n 7_o 8_o at_o the_o trunion_n 5_o 8_o and_o at_o the_o muzzle_n 1_o 8_o all_o lesser_a piece_n in_o that_o kind_n have_v 18_o 18_o at_o the_o touchhole_n 25_o â—8_o at_o trunion_n and_o 9_o 18_o at_o muzzle_n and_o the_o ordinary_a fortify_v culverin_n be_v fortify_v every_o way_n like_o the_o double_a fortify_v cannon_n and_o the_o lesser_a culverin_n like_o the_o ordinary_a fortify_v cannon_n in_o all_o respect_n great_a care_n must_v be_v take_v in_o the_o cast_n of_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n that_o they_o be_v equal_v every_o way_n in_o proportion_n of_o metal_n that_o be_v that_o the_o cylend_a be_v in_o the_o very_a middle_n of_o the_o metal_n that_o it_o may_v be_v true_o bore_v otherwise_o your_o piece_n will_v fail_v the_o artist_n that_o shall_v use_v it_o until_o the_o error_n be_v know_v in_o the_o next_o place_n let_v the_o trunion_n be_v exact_o place_v in_o a_o diagonal_a line_n with_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o piece_n and_o they_o may_v be_v place_v in_o their_o proper_a distance_n from_o the_o muzzle_n and_o britch_n if_o you_o observe_v these_o rule_n take_v the_o length_n of_o the_o bear_v of_o the_o piece_n from_o muzzle_n to_o britch_n divide_v that_o measure_n by_o seven_o and_o multiply_v that_o sum_n that_o come_v of_o the_o quotient_a by_o three_o the_o product_n will_v show_v you_o how_o many_o inch_n the_o trunion_n must_v stand_v from_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o concavity_n of_o the_o piece_n and_o far_a note_n that_o the_o trunion_n ought_v to_o be_v place_v so_o as_o â…”_n of_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o piece_n may_v be_v see_v in_o that_o place_n where_o the_o trunion_n be_v set_v when_o all_o additional_a pattern_n as_o britch_n etc._n etc._n be_v make_v and_o lute_v in_o their_o proper_a place_n all_o thing_n at_o pleasure_n be_v neat_o add_v to_o the_o pattern_n let_v the_o mould_n then_o be_v fix_v or_o place_v so_o as_o be_v most_o convenient_a for_o the_o pour_v in_o the_o metal_n so_o when_o the_o metal_n be_v cast_v the_o perfect_a impression_n will_v be_v make_v upon_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o the_o piece_n and_o the_o cylender_n will_v keep_v the_o bear_v propose_v according_a to_o what_o you_o have_v prescribe_v the_o length_n of_o the_o piece_n and_o its_o diameter_n of_o the_o bore_n may_v be_v find_v by_o the_o follow_a table_n in_o the_o next_o chapter_n for_o the_o metal_n general_o use_v for_o those_o gun_n general_o call_v brass_n gun_n they_o be_v mixture_n and_o many_o time_n vary_v as_o experience_n will_v give_v leave_n some_o of_o the_o chief_a do_v approve_v of_o this_o mixture_n that_o be_v to_o every_o hundred_o weight_n of_o copper_n 24_o pound_n of_o tin_n and_o 6_o pound_n of_o latin_a other_o to_o 100_o l._n of_o copper_n add_v 8_o l._n of_o tin_n and_o 10_o l._n of_o latin_n other_o to_o ever_o 100_o l._n add_v 20_o l._n of_o bell-metal_n which_o be_v 25_o l._n of_o lead_n and_o tin_n to_o every_o 100_o l._n of_o of_o copper_n some_o add_v tin_n lead_v copper_n and_o lapis_fw-la calaminaris_n together_o so_o every_o one_o follow_v such_o way_n of_o composition_n as_o do_v most_o please_v his_o own_o experience_n the_o copper_n and_o other_o better_a metal_n be_v once_o melt_v the_o tin_n and_o lead_n be_v add_v for_o the_o better_a and_o quick_a fusion_n and_o the_o high_a the_o metal_n be_v in_o fusion_n the_o more_o solid_a and_o compact_a your_o metal_n will_v run_v and_o settle_v the_o latin_a do_v incorporate_a and_o cause_v the_o piece_n to_o be_v of_o a_o good_a colour_n and_o the_o tin_n do_v strengthen_v and_o bind_v the_o other_o matter_n together_o now_o a_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n be_v cast_v before_o it_o come_v to_o service_n it_o must_v be_v put_v to_o trial_n for_o which_o purpose_n there_o be_v use_v for_o proof_n according_a to_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o shot_n about_o two_o three_o or_o four_o fifth_n of_o that_o weight_n in_o powder_n and_o for_o small_a piece_n more_o chap._n iii_o the_o name_n of_o the_o principal_a piece_n of_o ordnance_n use_v in_o england_n their_o weight_n length_n diameter_n of_o the_o boar_n height_n and_o weight_n of_o the_o shot_n allowance_n of_o powder_n the_o great_a in_o use_n be_v the_o cannon_n royal_a which_o be_v in_o weight_n of_o metal_n about_o 8000_o l._n in_o length_n about_o 12_o foot_n carry_v a_o shot_n of_o 7_o ½_n inch_n diameter_n and_o its_o weight_n be_v 58_o l._n of_o iron_n its_o bore_n be_v 8_o inch_n require_v for_o her_o charge_n in_o powder_n 32_o l._n 8_o z._n demi-cannon_n of_o the_o great_a size_n call_v by_o some_o cannon_n of_o seven_o who_o weight_n of_o metal_n be_v 7000_o l._n in_o length_n about_o 12_o foot_n carrying_z a_o shot_n of_o 6_o ¾_n inch_n diameter_n and_o its_o weight_n of_o iron_n be_v 42_o l._n 10_o z._n the_o diameter_n at_o bore_n be_v 7_o inch_n require_v for_o her_o charge_n in_o powder_n 20_o l._n demi-cannon_n great_a size_n it_o be_v weight_n of_o metal_n be_v 6000_o l._n in_o length_n about_o 12_o foot_n carrying_z a_o shot_n of_o 6_o ¼_n inch_n diameter_n and_o its_o weight_n in_o iron_n be_v 34_o l._n the_o diameter_n at_o bore_n be_v 6_o ½_n inch_n require_v for_o her_o charge_n of_o cannon_n powder_n 18_o l._n demi-cannon_n ordinary_a its_o weight_n of_o metal_n be_v 5600_o l._n in_o length_n 11_o foot_n carrying_z a_o shot_n of_o 6_o 1_o
prepare_v salt-peter_n from_o a_o nitrous_a earth_n the_o earth_n and_o matter_n of_o salt-peter_n be_v find_v common_o in_o great_a abundance_n in_o obscure_a shadow_a place_n where_o no_o rain_n nor_o any_o fresh_a water_n do_v penetrate_v nor_o likewise_o where_o the_o sun_n by_o his_o ray_n can_v communicate_v his_o heat_n it_o be_v likewise_o draw_v from_o horse_n dung_n under_o stable_n and_o from_o cover_a place_n where_o great_a and_o small_a cattle_n be_v shut_v up_o likewise_o in_o such_o place_n as_o man_n use_v to_o piss_v in_o or_o jaquese_n or_o the_o like_a place_n or_o in_o place_n where_o have_v be_v make_v great_a fight_v or_o where_o have_v be_v lay_v up_o together_o many_o dead_a body_n and_o earth_n throw_v upon_o they_o for_o from_o thence_o in_o few_o year_n may_v much_o salt-peter_n be_v draw_v i_o shall_v declare_v three_o several_a way_n whereby_o to_o ground_v your_o judgement_n with_o more_o certainty_n concern_v the_o goodness_n of_o the_o place_n from_o 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find_v a_o little_a after_o about_o this_o iron_n some_o citrine_n mark_n incline_v a_o little_a after_o to_o a_o whiteness_n you_o need_v not_o doubt_v that_o earth_n but_o further_o assure_v yourself_o it_o be_v very_o good_a to_o put_v to_o work_v the_o three_o way_n be_v throw_v a_o little_a of_o that_o earth_n upon_o burn_a coal_n and_o if_o you_o perceive_v it_o make_v any_o noise_n and_o that_o it_o spit_v in_o the_o fire_n or_o that_o clear_a and_o shine_a spark_n come_v from_o it_o you_o may_v from_o thence_o judge_v that_o that_o earth_n hold_v a_o forcible_a matter_n of_o that_o nature_n after_o you_o have_v find_v a_o proper_a earth_n to_o draw_v salt-peter_n from_o and_o that_o by_o some_o of_o these_o proof_n you_o have_v testimony_n of_o its_o goodness_n and_o worth_n let_v be_v take_v of_o it_o a_o great_a quantity_n or_o as_o much_o as_o you_o please_v let_v it_o be_v carry_v to_o a_o place_n appoint_v for_o this_o purpose_n then_o prepare_v to_o burn_v a_o good_a quantity_n of_o wood_n either_o of_o oak_n ash_n elm_n maple_n or_o other_o sort_n of_o hard_a wood_n that_o you_o may_v have_v ash_n then_o take_v two_o part_n of_o these_o ash_n one_o part_n of_o quick_a lime_n mix_v they_o well_o and_o put_v this_o mixture_n by_o itself_o for_o such_o use_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o anon_o take_v then_o vessel_n of_o wood_n or_o pipe_n or_o hogshead_n cut_v in_o two_o part_n for_o they_o must_v be_v able_a to_o hold_v a_o good_a quantity_n of_o water_n make_v a_o hole_n at_o the_o bottom_n about_o one_o or_o two_o finger_n breadth_n put_v into_o the_o hole_n a_o small_a wicker_n thing_n or_o you_o may_v whelm_v over_o it_o a_o earthen_a dish_n after_o put_v rush_n all_o over_o the_o bottom_n not_o except_v the_o hole_n or_o in_o its_o place_n clean_a straw_n this_o vessel_n be_v thus_o fit_v dispose_v of_o it_o in_o this_o manner_n set_v it_o so_o that_o under_o may_v stand_v a_o lesser_a vessel_n of_o wood_n to_o receive_v the_o liquor_n that_o shall_v distil_v down_o from_o the_o upper_a vessel_n after_o put_v into_o the_o upper_a vessel_n about_o the_o height_n of_o a_o hand_n of_o this_o salt-peter_n earth_n which_o have_v be_v before_o for_o some_o time_n dry_v in_o the_o air_n upon_o this_o earth_n put_v the_o height_n of_o three_o or_o four_o finger_n of_o the_o mixture_n make_v of_o ash_n and_o quick_a lime_n and_o then_o again_o of_o the_o salt-peter_n earth_n after_o of_o the_o ash_n about_o the_o same_o height_n as_o before_o and_o continue_v this_o fashion_n put_v earth_n upon_o ash_n and_o ash_n upon_o earth_n until_o the_o vessel_n be_v full_a within_o a_o hand_n breadth_n at_o the_o top_n to_o hold_v the_o water_n that_o be_v put_v in_o this_o do_v put_v upon_o it_o fresh_a water_n as_o much_o as_o shall_v be_v necessary_a viz._n so_o much_o as_o must_v surmount_v the_o earth_n two_o or_o three_o finger_n breadth_n and_o look_v that_o it_o pass_v through_o all_o the_o earth_n and_o run_v drop_n by_o drop_n through_o the_o hole_n at_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n into_o the_o tub_n stand_v under_o and_o you_o shall_v have_v a_o nitrous_a lixivium_n according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n as_o you_o pour_v into_o the_o vessel_n which_o if_o you_o judge_v be_v too_o little_a you_o must_v reiterate_v the_o infusion_n and_o the_o second_o time_n also_o the_o water_n pass_v through_o the_o earth_n will_v carry_v with_o it_o a_o substance_n and_o so_o the_o three_o time_n this_o do_v put_v all_o the_o lixivium_n into_o a_o kettle_n of_o a_o sufficient_a bigness_n and_o let_v it_o be_v boil_a upon_o the_o fire_n very_o easy_o and_o moderate_o at_o first_o after_o increase_v the_o fire_n to_o the_o consumption_n of_o the_o liquor_n or_o a_o little_a more_o keep_v continual_o skim_v it_o all_o the_o time_n it_o boil_v and_o when_o it_o be_v thus_o consume_v pour_v it_o into_o wooden_a vessel_n that_o be_v broad_a and_o cover_v they_o over_o with_o clothes_n and_o let_v they_o stand_v until_o the_o pure_a part_n christalize_v into_o white_a salt_n and_o the_o feculent_a or_o more_o terrestrial_a part_n settle_v to_o the_o bottom_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n continue_v pour_v in_o of_o the_o lixivium_n again_o into_o the_o kettle_n boil_v and_o skim_v it_o as_o before_o and_o this_o do_v until_o all_o your_o lixivium_n be_v boil_a up_o and_o pour_v into_o wooden_a vessel_n to_o christalize_v then_o from_o the_o wooden_a vessel_n incline_v they_o gentle_o pour_v all_o the_o lixivium_n leave_v the_o settle_n at_o bottom_n by_o itself_o into_o your_o copper_n as_o before_o and_o boil_v it_o up_o again_o with_o a_o good_a fire_n until_o half_o be_v consume_v or_o until_o it_o begin_v to_o thicken_v or_o until_o by_o put_v a_o little_a upon_o a_o stone_n or_o piece_n of_o board_n it_o do_v immediate_o congeal_v then_o take_v it_o from_o the_o fire_n and_o when_o it_o be_v a_o little_a cool_v pour_v it_o as_o before_o into_o wooden_a vessel_n or_o bowl_n and_o put_v into_o each_o about_o a_o hand_n in_o height_n then_o cover_v each_o vessel_n with_o course_n clothes_n put_v it_o into_o a_o cool_a place_n and_o two_o or_o three_o day_n after_o you_o will_v find_v your_o salt-peter_n congeal_v and_o thrust_v together_o in_o small_a crystal_n like_o transparent_a ice_n stick_v to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o likewise_o upon_o some_o stick_v for_o that_o purpose_n provide_v the_o rind_n be_v take_v off_o and_o place_v in_o the_o wooden_a vessel_n before_o the_o pour_v in_o of_o the_o liquor_n get_v diligent_o together_o the_o peter_n as_o well_o that_o which_o stick_v to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o vessel_n as_o that_o to_o the_o stick_n in_o a_o vessel_n of_o wood_n proper_a to_o receive_v it_o and_o cover_v it_o and_o keep_v it_o dry_a the_o remain_a water_n you_o must_v boil_v up_o as_o before_z not_o forget_v to_o separate_v it_o from_o its_o residence_n whilst_o it_o be_v boil_v it_o happen_v sometime_o that_o the_o liquor_n may_v rise_v and_o boil_v over_o the_o cauldron_n to_o prevent_v that_o danger_n have_v in_o readiness_n other_o lixivium_n make_v of_o three_o part_n of_o ash_n and_o one_o part_n of_o quick_a lyme_n as_o we_o speak_v before_o in_o which_o be_v dissolve_v roch_n alum_n allow_v to_o every_o hundred_o weight_n of_o lixivium_n four_o pound_n of_o alum_n and_o when_o it_o begin_v to_o rise_v pour_v in_o a_o little_a of_o this_o from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v you_o will_v see_v that_o the_o water_n that_o be_v hasten_v to_o come_v over_o will_v fall_v down_o and_o that_o the_o common_a salt_n and_o more_o terrestrial_a part_n will_v settle_v to_o the_o bottom_n the_o earth_n remain_v in_o the_o wooden_a tub_n from_o
pitch_n 2_o l._n colophonia_fw-la 6_o l._n sulphur_n 8_o l._n salt-peter_n 36_o l._n melt_v all_o these_o drug_n upon_o burn_a coal_n in_o any_o vessel_n whatsoever_o add_v after_o 10_o l._n of_o coal_n of_o sawdust_n make_v of_o the_o pine_n or_o firr-tree_n 6_o l._n crude_a antimony_n 2_o l._n incorporate_a and_o mix_v they_o very_o well_o together_o then_o put_v into_o this_o melt_a matter_n tow_n hemp_n and_o linen_n clothes_n a_o great_a quantity_n and_o boil_v they_o well_o in_o this_o composition_n and_o when_o they_o have_v drink_v up_o all_o the_o matter_n than_o form_n they_o into_o ball_n of_o such_o a_o bigness_n as_o you_o please_v so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v cast_v with_o the_o hand_n or_o with_o the_o engine_n mention_v in_o the_o last_o chapter_n according_a as_o you_o shall_v find_v most_o convenient_a and_o this_o be_v our_o true_a way_n to_o make_v night_n at_o noonday_n to_o obscure_v the_o sun_n itself_o and_o to_o blind_v the_o eye_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o some_o time_n and_o this_o be_v the_o most_o lawful_a way_n that_o one_o may_v follow_v because_o it_o show_v its_o original_n from_o natural_a thing_n and_o we_o may_v believe_v that_o it_o be_v always_o sufficient_a justice_n so_o that_o the_o war_n where_o such_o thing_n be_v practise_v be_v not_o unjust_o enterprise_v chap._n xiii_o stink_v ball_n stink_v globe_n be_v make_v to_o annoy_v the_o enemy_n by_o their_o stink_a vapour_n and_o fume_n disagreeable_a to_o nature_n nay_o so_o unsufferable_a to_o the_o nose_n and_o to_o the_o brain_n itself_o by_o its_o most_o violent_a stink_n that_o by_o no_o mean_n it_o can_v be_v endure_v the_o preparation_n be_v as_o follow_v take_v of_o powder_n 10_o l._n of_o ship_n pitch_n 6_o l._n of_o tar_n 20_o l._n salt-peter_n 8_o l._n sulphur_n colophonia_fw-la 4_o l._n make_v all_o these_o ingredient_n melt_v at_o the_o fire_n by_o a_o small_a heat_n in_o a_o earthen_a or_o copper_n vessel_n and_o all_o be_v well_o melt_v throw_v into_o the_o melt_a matter_n 2_o l._n of_o coal_n dust_n of_o the_o cut_n or_o file_n of_o horse_n hoof_n 6_o l._n assafoetida_n 3_o l._n sagapenum_fw-la 1_o l._n spatula_fw-la foetida_fw-la half_a a_o pound_n mingle_v and_o incorporate_v they_o well_o together_o then_o put_v into_o this_o matter_n linen_n or_o woolen_n cloth_n or_o hemp_n or_o tow_n so_o much_o as_o will_v drink_v up_o all_o the_o matter_n and_o of_o these_o you_o may_v make_v globe_n or_o ball_n of_o what_o bigness_n please_v yourself_o best_a according_a to_o the_o method_n and_o order_n as_o we_o have_v heretofore_o prescribe_v the_o globe_n or_o ball_n may_v be_v make_v venomous_a or_o poisonous_a if_o to_o their_o composition_n be_v add_v these_o thing_n follow_v viz._n mercury_n sublimate_n arsenic_n orpiment_n cinaber_n to_o which_o may_v also_o be_v add_v many_o other_o poisonous_a matter_n which_o i_o shall_v forbear_v to_o mention_v consider_v every_o one_o by_o nature_n be_v apt_a enough_o to_o learn_v to_o do_v that_o which_o be_v mischievous_a chap._n fourteen_o of_o the_o shoot_a of_o shot_n make_v red_a hot_a in_o the_o fire_n it_o be_v a_o practice_n that_o have_v be_v practise_v in_o former_a time_n to_o shoot_v red_a hot_a fire-ball_n and_o be_v count_v of_o great_a defence_n as_o you_o may_v find_v among_o many_o other_o thing_n in_o the_o work_v of_o diodorus_n siculus_n where_o he_o say_v tyrios_n immisse_a in_o alexandri_fw-la magni_fw-la machinamenta_fw-la massas_fw-la magnas_fw-la ferreas_fw-la candentes_fw-la out_o of_o many_o author_n may_v be_v prove_v the_o customary_a use_n in_o former_a time_n of_o shoot_v red_a hot_a piece_n of_o iron_n which_o we_o shall_v not_o dwell_v upon_o but_o come_v to_o the_o practice_n first_o you_o must_v charge_v the_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n according_a to_o the_o customary_a manner_n his_o due_a proportion_n of_o powder_n upon_o this_o powder_n you_o must_v put_v a_o wooden_a cylender_n or_o fidd_n of_o a_o just_a and_o equal_a wideness_n with_o the_o bear_v of_o the_o piece_n which_o must_v be_v drive_v very_o stiff_a home_n to_o the_o powder_n and_o for_o your_o better_a security_n you_o must_v put_v upon_o this_o another_o wad_n make_v of_o straw_n hay_o or_o of_o oakam_n or_o tow_n this_o be_v do_v let_v the_o piece_n be_v lay_v a_o little_a under_o metal_n and_o then_o cleanse_v the_o vacant_a place_n or_o hollow_a of_o the_o piece_n with_o a_o sponge_n so_o that_o all_o the_o grain_n of_o powder_n that_o be_v there_o may_v be_v take_v away_o this_o be_v do_v lay_v your_o piece_n to_o bear_v with_o the_o place_n you_o intend_v to_o shoot_v at_o according_a to_o the_o method_n we_o have_v give_v in_o the_o second_o part_n of_o gunnery_n and_o let_v your_o piece_n thus_o remain_v until_o you_o have_v put_v in_o your_o red_a hot_a bullet_n your_o bullet_n must_v be_v sure_a to_o be_v exact_o round_a and_o not_o so_o high_a but_o that_o it_o may_v run_v free_o down_o in_o the_o piece_n to_o the_o wad_n the_o shot_n be_v red_a hot_a take_v it_o out_o of_o the_o fire_n with_o a_o pair_n of_o tongue_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o put_v it_o into_o the_o piece_n and_o give_v a_o attentive_a ear_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o shot_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v up_o to_o the_o what_fw-mi give_v immediate_o fire_n to_o your_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n there_o be_v other_o which_o put_v into_o their_o piece_n box_n make_v of_o plate_n of_o iron_n or_o copper_n other_o do_v put_v into_o their_o piece_n potter_n clay_n and_o upon_o they_o the_o fiery_a bullet_n which_o with_o a_o quick_a hand_n they_o thrust_v home_o with_o a_o rammer_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v defend_v from_o fire_n by_o line_v the_o rammer_n head_n with_o copper_n but_o these_o be_v more_o perilous_a and_o therefore_o we_o account_v that_o method_n above_o to_o be_v the_o best_a and_o most_o free_a from_o danger_n chap._n xv._o to_o arm_n pike_n to_o defend_v a_o ship_n or_o any_o other_o place_n to_o arm_n pike_n to_o defend_v a_o ship_n or_o breach_n or_o to_o enter_v the_o same_o or_o to_o stick_v in_o the_o side_n of_o a_o ship_n or_o other_o place_n take_v strong_a canvas_n and_o cut_v it_o in_o length_n about_o a_o foot_n or_o 14_o inch_n and_o six_o inch_n high_a in_o the_o centre_n and_o let_v the_o end_n be_v both_o cut_v taper-wise_a then_o fasten_v the_o canvas_n at_o both_o end_n with_o strong_a twine_n and_o fill_v it_o with_o this_o receipt_n powder_n bruise_v 8_o part_n peter_z in_o roch_n 1_o part_n peter_z in_o meal_n 1_o part_n sulphur_n in_o meal_n two_o part_n resin_n roch_n three_o part_n turpentine_n 1_o part_n verdigrease_n ½_n part_n bolearmonick_a ⅓_n part_n bay_a salt_n ⅓_n part_n colophonia_fw-la ⅙_n part_n arsenic_n ⅛_n part_n mix_v they_o very_o well_o together_o and_o try_v they_o in_o the_o top_n of_o a_o brass_n candlestick_n when_o the_o fire_n do_v burn_v furious_o with_o a_o blue_a and_o greenish_a colour_n then_o fill_v the_o canvas_n and_o roll_n it_o over_o be_v first_o arm_v with_o strong_a twine_n all_o over_o with_o this_o liquid_a mixture_n melt_v in_o a_o pan_n pitch_n four_o part_n linseed_n oil_n 1_o part_n turpentine_n ⅓_n part_n sulphur_n 1_o part_n tarr_n ⅓_n part_n tallow_n one_o part_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o this_o be_v cold_a bear_v two_o hole_n in_o each_o of_o the_o same_o next_o the_o iron_n a_o inch_n deep_a with_o a_o sharp_a iron_n bodkin_n fill_v the_o same_o with_o fine_a bruise_a powder_n and_o put_v in_o every_o hole_n a_o little_a stick_n of_o two_o inch_n long_o which_o be_v to_o be_v take_v out_o when_o you_o will_v fire_v the_o same_o this_o composition_n will_v burn_v furious_o and_o remember_v you_o cut_v off_o the_o staff_n some_o three_o inch_n from_o the_o work_n and_o put_v thereon_o a_o brass_n socket_n of_o five_o or_o six_o inch_n long_o and_o then_o cut_v the_o end_n of_o your_o staff_n to_o fill_v the_o socket_n for_o when_o you_o fire_n your_o work_n you_o may_v stick_v it_o in_o the_o side_n of_o a_o ship_n and_o pull_v the_o staff_n out_o again_o so_o will_v not_o the_o work_n be_v so_o easy_o avoid_v as_o when_o the_o staff_n be_v on_o and_o hang_v at_o length_n because_o the_o very_a weight_n of_o the_o staff_n and_o length_n thereof_o will_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o weigh_v down_o the_o work_n or_o that_o the_o enemy_n may_v come_v and_o thereby_o pull_v it_o out_o or_o beat_v it_o off_o quick_o let_v the_o composition_n and_o work_n contain_v in_o weight_n about_o 7_o pound_n then_o will_v it_o do_v execution_n and_o work_v a_o better_a effect_n than_o if_o it_o be_v of_o less_o weight_n by_o much_o by_o reason_n the_o composition_n else_o will_v be_v waste_v before_o it_o come_v to_o effect_v its_o execution_n to_o burn_v the_o sail_n