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nature_n air_n earth_n element_n 2,483 5 9.5484 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A43030 Anatomical exercitations concerning the generation of living creatures to which are added particular discourses of births and of conceptions, &c. / by William Harvey ...; De generatione animalium. English Harvey, William, 1578-1657.; Lluelyn, Martin, 1616-1682. 1653 (1653) Wing H1085; ESTC R13027 342,382 600

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or_o melt_v substance_n be_v to_o be_v repute_v the_o true_a seed_n of_o the_o hen_n though_o it_o be_v not_o eject_v in_o coition_n but_o provide_v ready_a before_o coition_n or_o else_o collect_v after_o it_o as_o shall_v be_v perhaps_o more_o large_o declare_v to_o be_v incident_a to_o several_a animal_n which_o the_o geniture_n of_o the_o male_a do_v according_a to_o aristotle_n coagulate_v since_o therefore_o i_o plain_o see_v that_o all_o the_o part_n be_v fashion_v and_o feed_v by_o this_o one_o moisture_n only_o as_o the_o matter_n and_o first_o root_n of_o all_o and_o since_o the_o forecited_n argument_n do_v necessary_o conclude_v as_o much_o i_o can_v scarce_o refrain_v my_o pen_n from_o rebuke_v those_o that_o follow_v empedocles_n and_o hypocrates_n also_o who_o will_v needs_o have_v all_o similar_v body_n to_o be_v generate_v by_o the_o congregation_n of_o the_o four_o contrary_a element_n as_o be_v mix_v body_n and_o dissolve_v or_o corrupt_v by_o their_o segregation_n 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some_o of_o they_o it_o be_v quite_o empty_a but_o as_o to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o production_n of_o the_o part_n we_o have_v still_o find_v the_o same_o to_o be_v observe_v in_o all_o viviparous_a embryo_n whatsoever_o as_o experience_n have_v reveal_v to_o we_o in_o that_o of_o the_o egg_n the_o hind_n and_o the_o do_v of_o the_o innate_a heat_n exer_n lxxi_o because_o there_o be_v much_o talk_n of_o the_o calidum_fw-la innatum_fw-la or_o innate_a heat_n we_o do_v intend_v in_o this_o place_n by_o way_n of_o second_o course_n or_o addition_n to_o discourse_v a_o while_n concern_v both_o it_o and_o the_o humidum_fw-la primigenium_fw-la the_o radical_a or_o primigenial_a moisture_n and_o that_o the_o rather_o because_o i_o perceive_v many_o man_n to_o please_v themselves_o much_o with_o those_o two_o notion_n when_o as_o according_a to_o my_o judgement_n they_o do_v not_o understand_v their_o meaning_n the_o truth_n be_v there_o be_v no_o need_n at_o all_o to_o inquire_v after_o any_o kind_n of_o spirit_n distinct_a from_o the_o blood_n itself_o or_o to_o introduce_v any_o foreign_a heat_n or_o invoke_v the_o deity_n to_o appear_v in_o the_o fable_n and_o so_o trim_a up_o philosophy_n with_o vain_a opinion_n and_o fiction_n for_o what_o we_o common_o derive_v from_o the_o star_n be_v breed_v and_o bear_v at_o home_n and_o within_o we_o for_o the_o blood_n alone_o be_v the_o true_a galidum_fw-la innatum_fw-la or_o first-born_a animal_n heat_n as_o it_o be_v make_v apparent_a by_o our_o observation_n concern_v the_o generation_n of_o animal_n especial_o of_o the_o chicken_n out_o of_o the_o egg_n and_o therefore_o to_o multiply_v entity_n be_v mere_o frivolous_a for_o indeed_o there_o be_v nothing_o either_o before_o or_o more_o excellent_a in_o the_o animal_n body_n than_o blood_n nor_o be_v those_o spirit_n which_o some_o man_n distinguish_v from_o blood_n any_o where_o to_o be_v find_v a_o part_n from_o the_o blood_n and_o the_o blood_n itself_o without_o spirit_n and_o heat_n be_v no_o long_o to_o be_v call_v blood_n but_o gore_n the_o blood_n 3._o say_v aristotle_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n hot_a and_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o it_o have_v the_o essence_n of_o blood_n in_o be_v hot_a just_a as_o if_o we_o shall_v express_v hot_a water_n under_o one_o word_n but_o yet_o be_v consider_v as_o the_o subject_n of_o heat_n and_o such_o a_o substance_n as_o when_o it_o be_v in_o be_v be_v blood_n so_o it_o be_v not_o hot_a for_o it_o be_v in_o some_o respect_n hot_a per_fw-la se_fw-la or_o essential_o &_o in_o some_o respect_n it_o be_v not_o hot_a per_fw-la se_fw-la for_o heat_n be_v of_o its_o essence_n as_o whiteness_n be_v of_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o white_a man_n but_o for_o asmuch_o as_o it_o be_v blood_n in_o relation_n to_o action_n or_o passion_n so_o it_o be_v not_o calidus_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la or_o essential_o hot_a we_o physician_n call_v that_o spiritus_fw-la a_o spirit_n which_o hypocrates_n call_v impetum_fw-la faciens_fw-la that_o be_v whatsoever_o do_v attempt_v any_o thing_n proprio_fw-la conamine_fw-la by_o its_o own_o proper_a endeavour_n and_o do_v set_v upon_o any_o action_n or_o excite_v any_o motion_n with_o agility_n and_o vehemence_n and_o under_o that_o capacity_n the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n or_o of_o vitriol_n be_v call_v spirit_n and_o hereupon_o physician_n count_v as_o many_o spirit_n as_o principal_a part_n or_o operation_n namely_o animal_n vital_a natural_a visory_a auditory_a concoctive_a generative_a implant_v influent_a spirit_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o blood_n the_o primogenit_fw-la and_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v furnish_v with_o all_o these_o respective_a quality_n and_o endow_v with_o active_a power_n beyond_o all_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o do_v therefore_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o a_o spirit_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d scaliger_n fernelius_n &_o other_o have_v not_o thorough_o consider_v the_o excellent_a endowment_n implant_v in_o the_o blood_n have_v fancy_v other_o aerial_a or_o aetherial_a spirit_n compose_v of_o a_o aetherial_a and_o elementary_a substance_n to_o be_v a_o more_o excellent_a and_o divine_a innate_a heat_n then_o blood_n which_o they_o conceit_v to_o be_v the_o most_o immediate_a instrument_n of_o the_o soul_n most_o proportionable_a to_o all_o its_o operation_n ground_v their_o opinion_n upon_o this_o opinion_n namely_o that_o the_o blood_n as_o be_v a_o substance_n compound_v out_o of_o the_o element_n only_o can_v perform_v any_o action_n beyond_o the_o sphere_n or_o activity_n of_o the_o element_n and_o such_o body_n as_o be_v frame_v out_o of_o they_o hereupon_o they_o feign_v a_o distinct_a spirit_n and_o innate_a heat_n which_o be_v of_o a_o celestial_a extract_n namely_o a_o most_o simple_a most_o subtle_a most_o thin_a swift_a lucid_a and_o aetherial_a substance_n partake_v of_o a_o five_o essence_n but_o yet_o they_o have_v no_o where_o demonstrate_v that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o substance_n or_o that_o it_o do_v act_n beyond_o the_o power_n of_o the_o element_n or_o execute_v great_a thing_n than_o the_o blood_n alone_o be_v able_a to_o accomplish_v but_o we_o who_o examine_v the_o nature_n of_o thing_n according_a to_o sense_n have_v never_o discover_v any_o such_o substance_n nor_o be_v there_o in_o the_o body_n any_o receptacle_n design_v to_o the_o conservation_n or_o generation_n of_o such_o matter_n and_o they_o themselves_o also_o have_v not_o assign_v any_o feruelius_fw-la indeed_o say_v that_o whosoever_o have_v not_o yet_o attain_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o substance_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o innate_a heat_n must_v first_o consider_v the_o structure_n of_o our_o body_n and_o then_o address_v himself_o to_o the_o artery_n which_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o to_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o brain_n which_o when_o he_o shall_v discover_v void_a and_o empty_a and_o without_o any_o humour_n contain_v therein_o yet_o can_v be_v not_o imagine_v that_o such_o worthy_a matter_n be_v make_v by_o nature_n rash_o and_o to_o no_o use_n and_o upon_o this_o consideration_n i_o conceive_v he_o will_v present_o conclude_v that_o while_o the_o animal_n be_v alive_a they_o be_v replenish_v by_o some_o thin_a aerial_a substance_n which_o when_o the_o animal_n soul_n depart_v be_v exceed_a light_n do_v insensible_o vanish_v now_o to_o support_v this_o substance_n the_o faculty_n of_o inspiration_n be_v bestow_v upon_o we_o which_o do_v not_o only_o cool_v the_o body_n for_o that_o may_v be_v derive_v to_o we_o by_o other_o mean_n but_o also_o administer_v a_o kind_n of_o nourishment_n but_o we_o affirm_v that_o so_o long_o as_o the_o animal_n be_v alive_a the_o artery_n &_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v fill_v with_o blood_n repute_v the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o brain_n to_o be_v too_o mean_a instrument_n for_o so_o noble_a a_o work_n conceive_v they_o rather_o allot_v to_o the_o reception_n of_o excrement_n for_o what_o shall_v we_o say_v of_o those_o several_a animal_n who_o brain_n have_v no_o ventricles_n at_o all_o and_o though_o we_o shall_v admit_v that_o a_o kind_n of_o air_n or_o vapour_n may_v be_v there_o find_v because_o nature_n do_v decline_v a_o vacuity_n yet_o that_o that_o substance_n be_v of_o a_o celestial_a extract_n and_o heir_n apparent_a to_o such_o excellent_a performance_n have_v no_o semblance_n of_o truth_n at_o all_o but_o that_o which_o we_o most_o admire_v be_v how_o this_o so_o exquisite_a so_o divine_a a_o spirit_n shall_v be_v sustain_v and_o feed_v by_o our_o common_a elementary_a air_n especial_o since_o themselves_o assure_v we_o that_o none_o of_o the_o element_n can_v perform_v any_o thing_n beyond_o their_o own_o ability_n these_o man_n do_v likewise_o confess_v that_o the_o spirit_n be_v in_o continual_a declension_n and_o quick_o dissipate_v and_o corrupt_v and_o that_o it_o can_v not_o subsist_v one_o moment_n of_o time_n be_v it_o not_o repair_v by_o the_o plentiful_a accession_n of_o outward_a aliment_n and_o that_o therefore_o like_o the_o primum_fw-la vivens_fw-la the_o first_o particle_n inspire_v with_o life_n it_o must_v continual_o be_v feed_v and_o now_o what_o need_v of_o this_o foreign_a guest_n this_o innomate_n spirit_n or_o etherial_a heat_n since_o the_o blood_n be_v of_o ability_n to_o execute_v whatsoever_o be_v attribute_v thereunto_o and_o since_o these_o spirit_n can_v recede_v from_o the_o blood_n without_o their_o dissolution_n nay_o they_o do_v not_o move_v any_o whither_o or_o insinuate_v themselves_o into_o any_o part_n as_o distinct_a body_n without_o the_o company_n of_o the_o blood_n for_o whether_o you_o conceive_v they_o to_o be_v frame_v nourish_v and_o increase_v out_o of_o the_o thin_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n as_o some_o imagine_v or_o out_o of_o the_o primigenial_a moisture_n as_o other_o yet_o all_o confess_v that_o they_o be_v no_o where_o to_o be_v find_v out_o
of_o the_o blood_n but_o that_o they_o continual_o cleave_v to_o the_o blood_n as_o to_o their_o support_n as_o the_o flame_n cleave_v to_o the_o oil_n in_o the_o lamp_n and_o therefore_o their_o tenuity_n subtlety_n and_o mobility_n etc._n etc._n be_v of_o no_o more_o use_n than_o the_o blood_n who_o inseparable_a companion_n they_o be_v so_o that_o the_o blood_n be_v sufficient_a to_o become_v the_o proportionate_a and_o immediate_a instrument_n of_o the_o soul_n because_o it_o be_v every_o where_o present_a and_o do_v fly_v to_o and_o fro_o with_o a_o admirable_a agility_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o other_o body_n or_o spirital_a incorporeal_a quality_n or_o any_o divine_a heat_n to_o be_v allow_v of_o as_o lux_fw-la &_o lumen_fw-la the_o light_n and_o shine_v as_o caesar_n 7._o cremoninus_n a_o man_n excellent_o verse_v in_o aristotle_n philosophy_n do_v solid_o contend_v against_o albertus_n if_o these_o man_n pretend_v that_o these_o spirit_n do_v reside_v in_o the_o primigenial_a moisture_n as_o in_o the_o last_o aliment_n and_o from_o thence_o insinuate_v themselves_o into_o the_o whole_a body_n thereby_o to_o nourish_v all_o the_o part_n they_o then_o conclude_v upon_o a_o impossibility_n namely_o that_o the_o calidum_fw-la innatum_fw-la the_o innate_a heat_n which_o be_v the_o primigenial_a part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o stand_v itself_o in_o need_n of_o sustenance_n do_v nourish_v the_o whole_a body_n for_o upon_o this_o account_n the_o same_o thing_n be_v both_o the_o thing_n that_o be_v nourish_v &_o also_o the_o thing_n by_o which_o it_o be_v nourish_v and_o the_o self_n same_o substance_n under_o the_o same_o respect_n shall_v both_o feed_v itself_o and_o be_v feed_v also_o which_o be_v indeed_o impossible_a for_o in_o probability_n the_o thing_n which_o do_v feed_v and_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v feed_v be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o mix_v together_o for_o miscible_a thing_n must_v be_v of_o equal_a power_n and_o operate_v one_o upon_o the_o other_o and_o aristotle_n position_n be_v ubi_fw-la nutritio_fw-la ibi_fw-la nulla_fw-la mistio_fw-la est_fw-la where_o there_o be_v nutrition_n there_o be_v no_o mistion_n for_o wheresoever_o nutrition_n be_v there_o the_o aliment_n be_v one_o thing_n and_o the_o thing_n nourish_v another_o and_o a_o necessity_n of_o the_o transmutation_n of_o the_o one_o into_o the_o other_o but_o whereas_o they_o conceive_v that_o the_o spirit_n and_o the_o last_o or_o primigenial_a aliment_n or_o some_o other_o thing_n what_o ever_o it_o be_v in_o a_o animal_n can_v more_o than_o the_o blood_n operate_v above_o the_o power_n of_o the_o element_n they_o seem_v not_o to_o understand_v what_o it_o be_v to_o operate_v above_o the_o power_n of_o the_o element_n nor_o do_v they_o right_o interpret_v that_o place_n of_o aristotle_n where_o he_o 3._o say_v every_o virtue_n or_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n seem_v to_o partake_v of_o another_o substance_n and_o that_o more_o divine_a than_o those_o substance_n which_o be_v call_v element_n and_o likewise_o where_o he_o say_v there_o be_v a_o certain_a thing_n in_o the_o seed_n of_o all_o thing_n cause_v they_o to_o be_v fruitful_a which_o thing_n be_v call_v heat_n which_o be_v not_o fire_n nor_o no_o such_o faculty_n but_o a_o spirit_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o seed_n and_o frothy_a body_n and_o the_o nature_n which_o be_v in_o that_o spirit_n be_v answerable_a in_o proportion_n to_o the_o element_n of_o the_o star_n for_o fire_n do_v not_o generate_v any_o animal_n nor_o do_v any_o thing_n seem_v to_o be_v constitute_v by_o thick_a moist_a or_o dry_a quality_n but_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o of_o animal_n not_o that_o only_o which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o seed_n but_o also_o whatsoever_o excrement_n there_o be_v though_o of_o a_o different_a nature_n yet_o even_o that_o also_o have_v a_o vital_a principle_n wherefore_o it_o appear_v by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v that_o the_o hea●_n contain_v in_o animal_n neither_o be_v itself_o fire_n nor_o do_v take_v its_o original_n from_o fire_n for_o i_o also_o do_v affirm_v the_o same_o of_o the_o innate_a heat_n and_o of_o blood_n namely_o that_o they_o be_v not_o fire_n neither_o do_v they_o take_v their_o original_n from_o fire_n but_o do_v partake_v of_o a_o different_a and_o more_o divine_a substance_n then_o fire_n be_v and_o therefore_o do_v not_o act_v by_o any_o elementary_a faculty_n but_o as_o in_o the_o seed_n there_o be_v something_o which_o do_v make_v it_o fruitful_a and_o exceed_v the_o virtue_n or_o power_n of_o the_o element_n in_o constitute_v a_o animal_n body_n namely_o the_o spirit_n and_o the_o nature_n which_o be_v in_o that_o spirit_n answerable_a in_o proportion_n to_o the_o element_n or_o substance_n of_o the_o star_n so_o likewise_o in_o the_o blood_n there_o be_v a_o spirit_n or_o virtue_n which_o do_v act_n above_o the_o power_n of_o element_n most_o conspicuous_a in_o the_o nutrition_n or_o preservation_n of_o each_o particular_a part_n and_o also_o a_o nature_n nay_o a_o soul_n in_o that_o spirit_n and_o blood_n answerable_a in_o proportion_n to_o the_o element_n of_o the_o star_n and_o last_o it_o be_v most_o evident_a and_o my_o observation_n do_v plain_o show_v it_o that_o there_o be_v a_o heat_n in_o the_o blood_n of_o animal_n while_o life_n continue_v which_o be_v neither_o fire_n nor_o do_v derive_v its_o original_n from_o fire_n but_o for_o the_o clear_a illustration_n of_o these_o matter_n give_v we_o leave_v to_o digress_v a_o while_n from_o our_o purpose_n and_o declare_v brief_o what_o a_o spirit_n be_v and_o what_o it_o be_v to_o act_v above_o the_o power_n of_o element_n and_o likewise_o what_o be_v mean_v by_o these_o word_n namely_o to_o partake_v of_o a_o different_a body_n and_o that_o more_o divine_a than_o those_o body_n which_o be_v call_v element_n as_o likewise_o what_o be_v that_o nature_n in_o that_o spirit_n which_o be_v answerable_a in_o proportion_n to_o the_o element_n or_o substance_n of_o the_o star_n what_o a_o spirit_n and_o vital_a principle_n be_v we_o have_v partly_o speak_v already_o and_o shall_v now_o handle_v something_o more_o large_o there_o be_v three_o several_a simple_a body_n which_o do_v chief_o seem_v to_o challenge_v the_o name_n or_o function_n at_o least_o of_o a_o spirit_n namely_o the_o fire_n the_o air_n and_o the_o water_n and_o every_o one_o of_o these_o do_v seem_v to_o partake_v of_o a_o life_n or_o other_o body_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o perpetual_a motion_n and_o flux_n i_o mean_v the_o flame_n the_o wind_n and_o the_o flood_n the_o flame_n be_v the_o flux_n or_o stream_n of_o fire_n the_o wind_n of_o air_n and_o the_o flood_n of_o water_n flame_n like_o a_o animal_n do_v move_v itself_o nourish_v and_o increase_v itself_o and_o be_v a_o emblem_n of_o humane_a life_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v much_o use_v in_o divine_a ceremony_n and_o be_v religious_o keep_v as_o a_o sacred_a thing_n in_o the_o temple_n dedicate_v to_o apollo_n and_o vesta_n by_o virgin_n and_o among_o the_o persian_n and_o diverse_a other_o nation_n it_o be_v from_o all_o antiquity_n honour_v with_o divine_a worship_n as_o if_o god_n be_v more_o visible_a in_o fire_n and_o do_v converse_v with_o we_o as_o heretofore_o with_o moses_n out_o of_o the_o fire_n the_o air_n also_o seem_v to_o merit_v the_o name_n of_o a_o spirit_n too_o for_o a_o spirit_n be_v call_v spiritus_fw-la a_o spirando_fw-la from_o breathe_v and_o aristotle_n confess_v in_o plain_a term_n that_o there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o life_n and_o death_n of_o wind_n and_o last_o the_o water_n of_o the_o flood_n ult_n or_o river_n be_v call_v viva_n live_v water_n those_o three_o body_n therefore_o in_o as_o much_o as_o they_o enjoy_v a_o kind_n of_o life_n do_v seem_v to_o operate_v above_o the_o power_n of_o element_n and_o so_o partake_v of_o a_o divine_a body_n or_o substance_n and_o hereupon_o be_v by_o the_o heathen_a rank_v among_o the_o god_n who_o conceive_v 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for_o it_o do_v not_o these_o office_n as_o as_o it_o be_v elementary_a and_o derive_v its_o original_n from_o fire_n but_o in_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v make_v the_o primigenial_a heat_n and_o most_o immediate_a and_o convenient_a instrument_n of_o life_n itself_o by_o be_v empower_v by_o the_o plastical_a virtue_n and_o function_n of_o the_o vegetative_a soul_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o blood_n be_v the_o vegetal_n part_n of_o man_n say_v suidas_n which_o be_v true_a also_o of_o all_o other_o animal_n and_o virgil_n seem_v to_o have_v intend_v as_o much_o where_o he_o say_v unâ_fw-la eâdemque_fw-la viâ_fw-la sanguisque_fw-la animusque_fw-la sequuntur_fw-la both_o soul_n and_o blood_n 10._o stream_n in_o one_o flood_n the_o blood_n therefore_o be_v a_o spirit_n in_o regard_n of_o its_o excellent_a power_n and_o virtue_n and_o also_o celestial_a because_o the_o soul_n be_v a_o inmate_n in_o that_o spirit_n which_o soul_n be_v of_o a_o nature_n answerable_a in_o proportion_n to_o the_o element_n of_o the_o star_n that_o be_v something_o which_o bear_v a_o analogy_n to_o the_o heaven_n as_o be_v the_o instrument_n and_o deputy_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o so_o in_o this_o manner_n all_o natural_a body_n fall_v under_o a_o double_a consideration_n namely_o as_o they_o be_v consider_v in_o their_o private_a capacity_n conclude_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o their_o own_o proper_a nature_n or_o else_o as_o they_o be_v the_o instrument_n of_o a_o noble_a agent_n and_o superior_a power_n for_o be_v consider_v in_o their_o own_o proper_a ability_n it_o be_v perhaps_o no_o question_n but_o that_o be_v all_o subject_n to_o generation_n and_o corruption_n they_o do_v derive_v their_o original_n from_o the_o element_n and_o act_n according_a to_o their_o rule_n but_o be_v consider_v as_o they_o be_v the_o instrument_n of_o a_o more_o worthy_a agent_n and_o regulate_v thereby_o they_o do_v not_o now_o act_v of_o themselves_o but_o by_o the_o guidance_n of_o another_o 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