Selected quad for the lemma: nature_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
nature_n	air_n	earth_n	element_n	2,483	5	9.5484	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A06789	The maintenance of free trade according to the three essentiall parts of traffique; namely, commodities, moneys and exchange of moneys, by bills of exchanges for other countries, or, An answer to a treatise of free trade, or the meanes to make trade flourish, lately published. ... By Gerard Malynes merchant.	Malynes, Gerard, fl. 1586-1641.	1622 (1622)	STC 17226; ESTC S120064	50,433	116

Measure betweene vs and forraine countries according to which all commodities are bought and sold in the course of Traffique for this exchange is grounded vpon the weight finenesse and v●…luation of the money of each countrey albeit the price thereof in exchange doth rise and fall according to scarcity and plenty of money and the few or many deliuerers and takers thereof These three essentiall parts of Traffique are to bee considered ioyntly and diuidedly for the good of Commonweales in the benefite to bee procured for the generall welfare or for the particular profit of some few persons for albeit that the generall is composed of the particular yet it may fall out that the general shall receiue an intollerable preiudice and losse by the particular and priuate benefite of some These in this respect are not to bee regarded especially if they may make the like benefite in some measure without hurt or detriment to the generall Some Merchants doe deale all for Commodities others for Monyes and other some altogether for Exchanges or all three or that which yeeldeth them most gaine and commonly without consideration had of the good of the Commonwealth which is the cause that Princes and Gouernours are to sit at the sterne of the course of Trade and Commerce For to speake ingeniously Merchants cannot enter into consideration of the quantity of forraine commodities imported at deare rates and the home commodities exported at lesser rates Respectiuely in former times by the disproportion whereof commeth an euident ouerballancing of commodities Merchants doe not regard whether the monyes of a Kingdome are vndervalued in exchange by the inhauncing of monyes in forraine parts whereby our monyes are exported when the exchange doth not answer the true value by Billes and the monyes of other countryes cannot bee imported but with an exceeding losse which euery man shunneth True it is that they obserue within the Realme to keepe the price of money at a Stand according to the Kings valuation but in forraine parts they runne with the streame headlong downe with other nations without consideration of their owne hinderance Merchants doe not know the weight and finenesse of monyes of each Countrey and the proportions obserued betweene Gold and Siluer nor the difference of seuerall Standards of coyne a matter so necessary for them to know to make thereby profitable returnes of the prouenue of our home commodities either in Money Bullion or Wares Finally Merchants seeking their Priuatum Commodum take notice onely of what is prohibited and commanded whereas it may fall out also that to require their opinion for the reformation of some abuses they may bee thought many times as vnfit as to call the Vintner to the consultation of lawes to bee made against drunkards Kings and Princes therefore which are the fathers of the great families of Commonweales are to bee carefull for the generall good so that the expences doe not exceede or surmount the incombes and reuenues thereof according to the saying of Marcus Cato Oportet Patrem familias vendacem esse non emacem Hee must bee a Seller and not a Buyer For the effecting whereof there is a serious study to bee had in the true vnderstanding of the Three essentiall Parts of Traffique whereof the course of exchange which is the most neglected will bee found to bee the efficient Cause which with vs is Praedominant and ouerruleth the course of Monyes and Commodities as shall bee declared in this discourse For these Three parts of Traffique concurre ioyntly together in their proper function and nature by an orderly carriage according to their first inuention and institution For as the Elements are ioyned by Symbolization the Ayre to the Fire by warmenesse the Water to the Ayre by moisture the Earth to the Water by coldnesse So is exchange ioyned to mohyes and monyes to commodities by their proper qualities and effects And euer as in a Clocke where there be many wheeles the first wheele being stirred driueth the next and that the third and so foorth till the last that moueth the instrument that strikes the clocke euen so is it in the course of Traffique for since money was inuented and became the first wheele which stirreth the wheele of Commodities and inforceth the Action But the third wheele of exchange of monyes betweene Countrey and countrey being established and grounded vpon monyes is in effect like to the instrument that striketh the Clocke being therein the thing Actiue and Commodities Monyes are become things Passiue in so much that the Sequele therof may be compared vnto Archers shooting at the Bu●…tes directing their Arrowes according as the Blanke doth stand high or low for so do Merchants by exchange in the sale of commodities and negotiation of monyes without which commodities lie dead in all markettes Since the Ancient Commutation of commodities in kind did cease and the body of Commodities doth not worke without the Spirit which is exchange so that this obseruation being neglected the whole instrument of Trade must needes bee out of order and discompounded like a distempered Lock which wil neither open nor shut When the Art of nauigation and shipping had continued many yeares and marriners did ●…mitate each others obseruation before the Science of the Mathematiks was inuented It ●…apned that two great Whales with a great ●…olubility swimming in furious manner did approach an English ship of Traffique which was ●…ound for the Coast of Barbary saden with di●…ers good Commodities and Staple wares The marriners as the manner was did with all diligence cast ouerboord diuers empty barrels for the whales to play with all and to keepe them from the ship The whales not pleased therewith and a suddaine storme arising did endanger their ship which made them vnawares to cast ouer boord many good wares and rich Commodities wherewith one of the whales was playing But the other whale more fierce strook the Ship many times with his Taile and at last broake the Rudder of the Ship whereby they were much hindered in their Sailing and all the shippes of their fleete tooke the Start of them and arriued to their destined ports the rather because they lost also their sayling Compasse by the violence of the saide Stormy wind and tempest And the marriners had leisure with a Calme to discourse of the Accident to question which was the most necessary and Actiue thing of True sailing Some did attribute the same to the winds and Currant of the Seas Others to the sailes and agitations of the winds in them And others to the compasse made by the admirable vertue of the loadstone But all of them were Nouices in their profession whereupon a merchant standing by being a passenger in that voyage vsed these or the like speeches My friends and good fellowes I doe not a little admire to heare you thus ignorant in matter of your Profession Can not the losse of the Rudder of our ship make you sensible to vnderstand