Selected quad for the lemma: nature_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
nature_n	air_n	earth_n	element_n	2,483	5	9.5484	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A00454	[The abridgement of logique]	Evans, Lewis, fl. 1574.	1568 (1568)	STC 10588; ESTC S118327	14,219	47

morsus acerbitatem calūniam candide defendatis Hoc si feceritis erit cum id mihi tam gratū quàm quod gratissimum tum à vestra arte humanitate ingenio literis non alienum Valete The Abridgement of Logique LOgique is an Arte to define the nature of things to deuide them into parts to knit true arguments and to detect the false This Arte consisteth of two parts thone in finding out matter and shewing the places whence all Arguments doe spring the other in adiudging and framing of suche matter founde aptlye togither and for the purpose The ende of Logique is probably to reason of any matter set forth This Arte being onely reason naturally is engraffed in vs but yet nowe so darkened as we haue much néede of the precepts thereof and that to instruct and remember vs of such things as by nature we haue Now in this Art are inuented fiue common wordes seruing to shew forth howe farre other wordes doe extende and howe much they contayne in them Neyther is there any word which is not comprehended vnder one of these common wordes and they be these y e Generall the Speciall the Difference the Propertie the Accident herevnto is also added euery proper name or that which supplieth the roome thereof The Generall is a worde which is spoken of manye that differ in their Specialles as a liuing creature comprehendeth a man a horse a dog c. and euery Generall hath diuers Specials is spoken euermore of them all as a trée comprehendeth in it self a Peare trée an Apple trée a fig trée c. The Speciall is a worde whereof the sorte or kinde is conceiued in minde as a man a horse c. The Difference is a word which serueth to discerne one Speciall from another as to be endued with reason is the difference betwéene man and a beast The Propertie is a word which declareth a naturall pronesse and maner of doing which agréeth vnto one Speciall and to the same onlie and that alwayes as the propertie of Grammer is to speake and write truly of Logique to teache aptly and by a naturall meane of Musicke to sing of Arithmetick to number c. The Accident is that which maye both be present and also absent without any detriment vnto the substance wherein it is as a man may be merie and sorie c. And here you must note that the Accident is two wayes to be considered eyther separable from the substance as mirth from man or else vnseparable as heate from fire But yet in thought heate may be separated from the fire The special vse of these fiue cōmon wordes is that we vse not the Generall for the Speciall nor the Speciall for the Generall There are also in this Art certaine words called y e most general which do chiefly serue to this purpose that we confound not y e substances or inwarde nature of things with the Accidents and they be in number ten the Substance the Quantitie the Qualitie the Relation the maner of doing the suffering When Where the Seatling and the apparayling A substance is the inwarde nature of a thing only in mind separated from the Accidents as God Man a Lion c. A substance Without body God Aungelles The soule of man with body Without mixture Fyre Ayre Water Earth compounded of diuers elements A liuing thing as a creture Hauing the sence of feeling Endued with reason as man Socrates Plato Without reason as beastes Cattell Fish Fowle Without sence of feeling as A tree A shrubbe Wythout lyfe Stones Mettalles ¶ This table sheweth the order of euerye substance and kinde and also teacheth how ye maye define any thing as if you will knowe what man is Man is a substaunce with bodie compound of diuerse elements liuing hauing the sense of féeling endued with reason A Quantitie is the greatnesse of a thing and it is by two means perceyued by sight and by feeling and his propertie is to be deuided as an Ell into quarters a shilling into pence an Oration into sentences c. Quantitie is two wayes considered the one as by asking how great long or broade a thing is the other by asking how many things there be Qualitie is all except Quantitie which is subiect vnto the senses of man and they be two wayes to be considered either of the bodie as coulours soundes smellings tasting féeling or of the minde as sciences vertues and affections The Relation is a name giuē vnto things not by nature but in the respect of an other as when I say a maister I must vnderstand seruants or scholers that he hath in respect of whom he is so called And there are two things here to be marked y e grounde of euery thing and the ende whervnto it hath respect as a maister is the grounde in that he teacheth and hath respect vnto his scholler which is taught againe the Scholler is the ground in that he is taught and hath respect vnto his maister which teacheth him The maner of doing is a relation vnto that which is done or suffred as to loue is a relation or action towardes the thing which is loued And herevnto may we referre the dutie of euery man as to teach to write to play the lawyer or merchaunt c. The suffering is a relation of the sufferer vnto the dooer or the effect of the maner of doing as to be loued taught writtē c. Where is a worde which comprehendeth the description of places or sheweth where any thing is done as in Englande at home at London at Cambridge in the schoole in the church c. When is a word shewing at what time a thing is done as this day to morow c. The Setling is the disposition gesture or order of the body as when it lieth sitteth standeth c. The Apparayling either sheweth with what thing any bodie is couered as with a cloke coate gowne chaine scepter mace or that which one possesseth as golde landes wife c. or that which cōtaineth anie thing as the ship holdeth or containeth wares men c. Further wheras at the beginning I sayd that Logique was an Art to define the nature of things as thus you maye define or expresse what man is man is a lyuing creature endued with reason Now you shall note that a definition is foure wayes to be considered for eyther it is Essentiall which consisteth of the Generall and Difference as in the aforesayde definition of man or it is causall whē the causes be expressed as Béere is a drinke made of water Hoppes and Mault or else it consisteth of the parts as Matrimony is the coupling togither of man and wife or else it consisteth of the Accidentes as the Euening is a tyme wherein shadowes be most long Thus as a definition declareth what a thing is so