chrysostom_n when_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o jew_n begin_v to_o decline_v and_o they_o make_v tributary_n to_o the_o roman_n they_o neither_o enjoy_v that_o full_a liberty_n which_o they_o do_v former_o nor_o be_v they_o in_o that_o pure_a subjection_n as_o now_o they_o be_v but_o be_v indeed_o honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o associate_n yet_o they_o pay_v tribute_n to_o their_o king_n and_o receive_v governor_n from_o they_o moreover_o they_o have_v the_o free_a use_n of_o their_o own_o law_n so_o that_o if_o any_o of_o their_o countryman_n offend_v they_o themselves_o punish_v they_o by_o their_o own_o law_n and_o yet_o i_o deny_v not_o but_o even_o this_o very_a acknowledgement_n of_o their_o own_o weakness_n and_o insufficiency_n do_v somewhat_o abate_v and_o detract_v from_o the_o majesty_n of_o their_o empire_n xxiii_o of_o such_o as_o hold_v their_o dominion_n in_o feud_n but_o that_o which_o seem_v to_o some_o to_o be_v more_o difficult_o to_o be_v answer_v be_v when_o one_o prince_n hold_v his_o dominion_n from_o another_o as_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o fief_n which_o yet_o may_v be_v sufficient_o answer_v by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v before_o for_o in_o this_o contract_n which_o be_v peculiar_a to_o the_o german_a nation_n and_o no_o where_o find_v but_o where_o they_o have_v plant_v themselves_o two_o thing_n be_v especial_o to_o be_v observe_v 1._o the_o personal_a obligation_n 2._o the_o right_n in_o the_o thing_n so_o hold_v the_o personal_a obligation_n be_v the_o same_o whether_o a_o man_n possess_v the_o very_a right_n of_o sovereignty_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o though_o lie_v elsewhere_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o fief_n but_o such_o a_o obligation_n as_o it_o take_v not_o from_o a_o private_a man_n the_o right_n of_o personal_a liberty_n so_o neither_o do_v it_o diminish_v any_o thing_n in_o a_o king_n or_o state_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n which_o be_v civil_a liberty_n which_o be_v easy_o to_o be_v understand_v by_o those_o land_n which_o be_v call_v freehold_n which_o consist_v in_o personal_a obligation_n only_o but_o give_v no_o right_a in_o the_o thing_n so_o hold_v for_o these_o be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o species_n of_o that_o unequal_a league_n whereof_o we_o have_v discourse_v before_o wherein_o the_o one_o promise_v fealty_n and_o the_o other_o safeguard_n or_o protection_n but_o admit_v they_o do_v swear_v faith_n and_o allegiance_n against_o all_o man_n yet_o will_v this_o detract_v nothing_o from_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n over_o their_o own_o subject_n not_o at_o all_o in_o this_o place_n to_o mention_v that_o there_o be_v ever_o reserve_v in_o these_o oath_n a_o tacit_a condition_n that_o the_o war_n be_v just_a whereof_o we_o shall_v treat_v elsewhere_o but_o as_o to_o the_o right_n in_o the_o thihg_n so_o hold_v it_o may_v be_v such_o that_o the_o very_o right_o of_o govern_v if_o hold_v in_o the_o right_n of_o the_o fief_n or_o fee_n may_v be_v lose_v and_o so_o return_v unto_o he_o that_o give_v it_o as_o well_o in_o case_n the_o family_n be_v extinct_a as_o also_o for_o some_o notorious_a crime_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o cease_v not_o to_o be_v the_o supreme_a power_n for_o as_o i_o say_v before_o the_o thing_n itself_o be_v one_o thing_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o hold_v it_o be_v another_o and_o by_o this_o right_n i_o find_v many_o king_n constitute_v by_o the_o roman_n so_o that_o the_o royal_a family_n fail_v the_o empire_n do_v escheat_n unto_o themselves_o as_o strabo_n observe_v of_o paphligonia_n and_o some_o other_o 12._o lib._n 12._o xxiv_o a_o man_n right_o distinguish_v from_o the_o exercise_n of_o that_o right_n last_o we_o must_v also_o distinguish_v as_o in_o private_a dominion_n so_o in_o empire_n between_o the_o right_n itself_o and_o the_o exercise_n of_o that_o right_n or_o between_o the_o first_o act_n and_o the_o second_o for_o as_o a_o king_n though_o a_o infant_n have_v a_o right_a to_o govern_v but_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o exercise_v that_o right_n so_o he_o that_o be_v mad_a or_o a_o prisoner_n or_o that_o so_o live_v in_o a_o foreign_a country_n that_o he_o be_v not_o permit_v free_o to_o act_v in_o such_o matter_n as_o concern_v the_o good_a of_o that_o empire_n that_o be_v remote_a from_o he_o 3._o vide_fw-la bo._n 3._o ch_n 20._o §._o 3._o for_o in_o all_o such_o case_n they_o have_v their_o lieutenant_n or_o viceroy_n to_o act_v for_o they_o wherefore_o demetrius_n live_v under_o restraint_n with_o seleucus_n do_v forbid_v any_o credit_n to_o be_v give_v to_o his_o letter_n or_o unto_o his_o seal_n demetr_v plut._n demetr_v but_o command_v that_o all_o thing_n shall_v be_v so_o govern_v as_o if_o he_o be_v dead_a chap._n iu._n of_o a_o war_n make_v by_o subject_n against_o their_o superior_n i._o the_o question_n state_v ii_o war_n against_o superior_n as_o such_o ordinary_o unlawful_a this_o prove_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n iii_o by_o the_o hebrew_n law_n iv_o by_o the_o gospel_n law_n prove_v by_o scripture_n v._o by_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o primitive_a christian_n vi_o for_o inferior_a magistrate_n to_o make_v war_n against_o the_o supreme_a unlawful_a prove_v by_o reason_n and_o scripture_n vii_o what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o a_o case_n of_o extreme_a and_o inevitable_a necessity_n viii_o that_o a_o free_a people_n may_v make_v war_n against_o their_o prince_n if_o he_o be_v accountable_a unto_o they_o ix_o and_o against_o a_o king_n who_o have_v renounce_v his_o kingdom_n x._o or_o who_o be_v about_o to_o alienate_v it_o as_o to_o the_o delivery_n of_o it_o only_o xi_o or_o if_o a_o king_n do_v manifest_o carry_v himself_o as_o a_o profess_a enemy_n against_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o his_o people_n xii_o or_o shall_v forfeit_v his_o kingdom_n by_o a_o wilful_a breach_n of_o that_o condition_n upon_o which_o he_o be_v admit_v unto_o the_o empire_n xiii_o or_o if_o have_v but_o one_o part_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n he_o shall_v invade_v the_o other_o fourteen_o or_o if_o any_o such_o liberty_n of_o resistance_n be_v in_o such_o a_o case_n reserve_v unto_o the_o people_n at_o his_o admission_n xv._o how_o far_o forth_o obedience_n be_v due_a to_o he_o that_o usurp_v another_o man_n dominion_n xvi_o a_o usurper_n may_v be_v kill_v the_o war_n continue_v if_o no_o faith_n nor_o agreement_n be_v give_v or_o make_v to_o the_o contrary_n xvii_o or_o if_o licence_n be_v give_v by_o a_o antecedent_n law_n xviii_o or_o by_o warrant_n from_o he_o who_o have_v right_o to_o the_o empire_n xix_o why_o a_o usurper_n be_v not_o to_o be_v kill_v but_o in_o these_o case_n xx._n in_o a_o controvert_v right_o private_a man_n be_v not_o to_o be_v judge_n i._o the_o question_n state_v private_a man_n may_v without_o doubt_n make_v war_n against_o private_a man_n as_o the_o traveller_n against_o the_o thief_n or_o robber_n so_o may_v sovereign_a prince_n and_o state_n against_o sovereign_a prince_n as_o david_n against_o the_o king_n of_o the_o ammonite_n private_n man_n may_v make_v war_n against_o prince_n if_o not_o their_o own_o as_o abraham_n against_o the_o king_n of_o babylon_n and_o his_o neighbour_n so_o may_v sovereign_a prince_n against_o private_a man_n whether_o they_o be_v their_o own_o subject_n as_o david_n against_o ishbosheth_n and_o his_o party_n or_o stranger_n as_o the_o roman_n against_o pirate_n the_o only_a doubt_n be_v whether_o any_o person_n or_o person_n public_a or_o private_a can_v make_v a_o lawful_a war_n against_o those_o that_o be_v set_v over_o they_o whether_o as_o supreme_a or_o as_o subordinate_a unto_o they_o and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n it_o be_v on_o all_o hand_n grant_v that_o they_o that_o be_v commissionated_a by_o the_o high_a power_n may_v make_v war_n against_o their_o inferior_n as_o nehemiah_n do_v against_o tobia_n and_o sanballat_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o artaxerxes_n but_o whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o subject_n to_o make_v war_n against_o those_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n over_o they_o or_o against_o such_o as_o act_v by_o and_o according_a to_o their_o authority_n be_v the_o thing_n in_o question_n it_o be_v also_o by_o all_o good_a man_n acknowledge_v that_o if_o the_o command_v of_o a_o prince_n shall_v manifest_o contradict_v either_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o the_o divine_a precept_n they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v obey_v for_o the_o apostle_n when_o they_o urge_v that_o maxim_n deo_fw-la magis_fw-la quam_fw-la hominibus_fw-la obediendum_fw-la that_o god_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v obey_v than_o man_n 4._o act._n 4._o unto_o such_o as_o forbid_v they_o to_o preach_v in_o the_o name_n of_o jesus_n do_v but_o appeal_v to_o a_o principle_n of_o right_a reason_n which_o nature_n have_v insculpt_v in_o every_o man_n breast_n and_o which_o plato_n express_v in_o almost_o
the_o most_o excellent_a hugo_n grotius_n the_o reverend_a w_n evat_v b_o d_o aetat_fw-la suae_fw-la 77._o the_o most_o excel_v t_o hugo_n grotius_n of_o the_o right_n of_o peace_n &_o warr_n translate_v into_o english_a by_o the_o reverend_a william_n evat_v b_o d_o print_v for_o ralph_n smith_n under_o the_o piazza_n of_o the_o royal_a exch_n in_o cornhill_n t._n cross_n senior_n sculpsit_fw-la the_o most_o excellent_a hugo_n grotius_n his_o three_o book_n treat_v of_o the_o right_n of_o war_n &_o peace_n in_o the_o first_o be_v handle_v whether_o any_o war_n be_v just_o in_o the_o second_o be_v show_v the_o cause_n of_o war_n both_o just_a and_o unjust_a in_o the_o three_o be_v declare_v what_o in_o war_n be_v lawful_a that_o be_v unpunishable_a with_o the_o annotation_n digest_v into_o the_o body_n of_o every_o chapter_n translate_v into_o english_a by_o william_n evat_v b._n d._n london_n print_v by_o m._n w._n for_o thomas_n basset_n at_o the_o george_n in_o fleetstreet_n and_o ralph_n smith_n at_o the_o bible_n under_o the_o piazza_n of_o the_o royal_a exchange_n in_o cornhill_n mdclxxxii_o the_o preface_n the_o civil_a law_n whether_o that_o proper_a to_o the_o roman_n or_o that_o appertain_v to_o any_o other_o people_n many_o have_v endeavour_v either_o to_o expound_v by_o large_a commentary_n or_o to_o expose_v to_o present_a view_n by_o epitomy_n but_o of_o that_o law_n which_o govern_v most_o nation_n and_o the_o ruler_n of_o diverse_a people_n whether_o it_o arise_v from_o nature_n or_o be_v institute_v by_o divine_a authority_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v introduce_v by_o custom_n or_o tacite_fw-la consent_n few_o have_v hitherto_o treat_v and_o none_o at_o all_o either_o universal_o or_o methodical_o treatise_n the_o usefulness_n of_o this_o treatise_n though_o such_o a_o treatise_n will_v high_o conduce_v to_o the_o benefit_n of_o mankind_n the_o excellency_n of_o this_o science_n say_v seneca_n be_v see_v in_o league_n covenant_n article_n of_o agreement_n and_o condition_n make_v between_o diverse_a free_a people_n and_o between_o king_n of_o foreign_a nation_n and_o in_o all_o the_o right_n of_o war_n and_o peace_n insomuch_o that_o euripides_n prefer_v it_o before_o all_o other_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n either_o divine_a or_o humane_a say_v it_o be_v vain_a of_o thing_n of_o god_n or_o man_n to_o boast_v past_a or_o to_o come_v unless_o what_o be_v just_o thou_o know_v and_o indeed_o such_o a_o treatise_n will_v be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o necessary_a war._n the_o vulgar_a error_n concern_v the_o right_n of_o war._n by_o how_o much_o we_o find_v many_o as_o well_o in_o this_o as_o in_o former_a age_n contemn_v this_o part_n of_o justice_n as_o if_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o it_o but_o a_o empty_a name_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o frequent_a in_o every_o man_n mouth_n than_o that_o of_o euphemus_n in_o thucydides_n to_o king_n and_o city_n imperial_a there_o be_v nothing_o unjust_a that_o be_v profitable_a 6._o lib._n 6._o and_o that_o also_o which_o the_o athenian_n be_v then_o the_o most_o potent_a party_n in_o all_o greece_n tell_v the_o metians_n to_o humane_a reason_n those_o thing_n be_v just_a which_o a_o equal_a necessity_n on_o both_o side_n impose_v otherwise_o whatsoever_o the_o strong_a party_n can_v and_o will_v do_v the_o weak_a party_n must_v suffer_v as_o if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o fortune_n to_o make_v oppression_n just_a or_o that_o no_o commonwealth_n can_v be_v well_o govern_v without_o injustice_n whereunto_o they_o usual_o add_v that_o the_o sword_n be_v the_o common_a judge_n or_o arbiter_n of_o all_o difference_n arise_v between_o king_n and_o foreign_a nation_n neither_o be_v this_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o vulgar_a only_o that_o all_o law_n be_v silence_v by_o war_n but_o some_o such_o like_a say_n do_v often_o fall_v from_o man_n otherwise_o learned_a and_o prudent_a whereby_o this_o opinion_n gather_v strength_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o frequent_o oppose_v one_o to_o another_o than_o law_n and_o arm_n thus_o we_o find_v they_o oppose_v in_o enneus_n to_o gain_v their_o right_n not_o at_o the_o law_n but_o with_o their_o arm_n they_o fight_v the_o like_a we_o find_v in_o horace_n who_o speak_v of_o achilles_n say_v nothing_o by_o law_n but_o all_o by_o arm_n he_o claim_v old_a antigonus_n laugh_v at_o he_o who_o behold_v he_o busy_v in_o batter_v the_o fort_n and_o city_n of_o his_o enemy_n gent._n alber._n gent._n present_v he_o with_o some_o commentary_n of_o justice_n marius_n be_v wont_a to_o say_v that_o he_o can_v not_o hear_v the_o cry_n of_o the_o law_n for_o the_o clash_v of_o arms._n lysander_n in_o plutarch_n lay_v his_o hand_n upon_o his_o sword_n say_v lys_n plut._n lys_n he_o that_o know_v how_o to_o use_v this_o be_v the_o best_a judge_n of_o the_o bound_n of_o empire_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n be_v that_o of_o caesar_n non_fw-la est_fw-la idem_fw-la tempus_fw-la armorum_fw-la quod_fw-la legum_n arm_n and_o law_n do_v never_o flourish_v at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n king_n say_v seneca_n grant_v many_o thing_n blindfold_a especial_o in_o time_n of_o war_n for_o no_o one_o man_n though_o just_o can_v possible_o satisfy_v the_o desire_n of_o so_o many_o arm_a man_n neither_o can_v any_o one_o man_n at_o the_o same_o time_n perform_v the_o office_n of_o a_o good_a man_n and_o of_o a_o good_a general_n nay_o even_o pompey_n himself_o though_o otherwise_o very_o modest_a yet_o will_v say_v armatus_fw-la ut_fw-la leges_fw-la cogitem_fw-la what_o do_v you_o tell_v i_o of_o law_n that_o be_o in_o arm_n or_o as_o plutarch_n frame_v his_o answer_n to_o the_o mamertine_n what_o will_v you_o never_o cease_v to_o upbraid_v we_o with_o your_o law_n who_o you_o see_v begird_v with_o sword_n 9_o lib._n 9_o so_o easy_o say_v curtius_n do_v war_n pervert_v and_o destroy_v even_o the_o very_a law_n of_o nature_n even_o among_o christian_a author_n we_o find_v many_o such_o like_a say_n that_o of_o tertullian_n shall_v suffice_v instead_o of_o the_o rest_n dolus_fw-la asperitas_fw-la injustitia_fw-la propria_fw-la sunt_fw-la praeliorum_fw-la negotia_fw-la fraud_n cruelty_n and_o oppression_n be_v the_o proper_a employment_n of_o war._n now_o they_o that_o favour_v this_o opinion_n will_v doubtless_o object_v against_o i_o that_o of_o the_o comedian_n if_o thing_n uncertain_a thou_o with_o certain_a rule_n will_v guide_v thou_o will_v undertake_v a_o task_n as_o bad_a as_o he_o that_o will_v with_o reason_n run_v stark_o mad._n see_v then_o it_o will_v be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o treat_v of_o right_a if_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n it_o will_v very_o much_o concern_v we_o to_o commend_v and_o defend_v this_o ensue_a discourse_n by_o a_o brief_a but_o sound_a confutation_n of_o this_o error_n but_o that_o we_o may_v avoid_v confusion_n in_o dispute_v with_o a_o multitude_n confute_v this_o error_n confute_v let_v we_o allow_v they_o a_o advocate_n and_o who_o fit_a than_o carneades_n who_o arrive_v at_o that_o height_n and_o perfection_n of_o eloquence_n that_o he_o can_v plead_v as_o strong_o for_o error_n as_o for_o truth_n this_o man_n have_v undertake_v to_o decry_v justice_n especial_o that_o part_n of_o it_o which_o we_o now_o defend_v can_v find_v no_o argument_n more_o forceable_a than_o this_o man_n say_v he_o justice_n carneades_n his_o argument_n against_o justice_n have_v ordain_v unto_o themselves_o law_n for_o profit_n sake_n various_a according_a to_o their_o several_a manner_n which_o also_o they_o often_o change_v with_o the_o time_n whereas_o indeed_o there_o be_v no_o natural_a law_n or_o right_n at_o all_o for_o all_o both_o man_n and_o other_o live_a creature_n be_v by_o the_o mere_a guidance_n of_o nature_n lead_v to_o such_o thing_n as_o to_o themselves_o be_v profitable_a wherefore_o there_o be_v either_o no_o justice_n at_o all_o or_o if_o there_o be_v any_o it_o be_v extreme_a folly_n because_o it_o rob_v itself_o to_o enrich_v other_o but_o what_o the_o philosopoer_n here_o say_v and_o the_o poet_n after_o he_o what_o be_v just_o or_o unjust_a nature_n can_v discern_v must_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v admit_v for_o man_n indeed_o be_v a_o live_a body_n but_o far_o more_o excellent_a than_o all_o other_o and_o much_o more_o differ_v from_o the_o rest_n than_o they_o do_v one_o from_o another_o as_o may_v easy_o be_v demonstrate_v by_o many_o action_n how_o man_n differ_v from_o all_o other_o creature_n and_o how_o which_o be_v proper_a only_o to_o mankind_n among_o which_o this_o be_v one_o that_o he_o greedy_o affect_v society_n that_o be_v community_n yet_o not_o any_o but_o that_o which_o be_v peaceable_a and_o according_a to_o the_o model_n of_o his_o understanding_n regular_n with_o those_o of_o his_o own_o kind_n which_o the_o stoic_n term_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d familiarity_n man_n say_v chrysostom_n with_o man_n
injurer_n although_o those_o injury_n do_v not_o the_o least_o touch_v we_o and_o the_o great_a the_o wrong_a be_v the_o great_a be_v our_o indignation_n against_o he_o that_o do_v it_o no_o man_n be_v equal_o incense_v against_o he_o that_o cut_v a_o purse_n only_o as_o he_o be_v against_o he_o that_o commit_v a_o murder_n but_o if_o at_o any_o time_n justice_n be_v attribute_v to_o brute_n beast_n it_o be_v improper_o and_o only_o by_o reason_n of_o some_o analogy_n or_o resemblance_n that_o it_o have_v to_o humane_a justice_n 5._o pliny_n l._n 8._o c._n 5._o as_o be_v that_o of_o the_o 30_o elephant_n record_v by_o pliny_n who_o can_v not_o by_o any_o mean_n be_v provoke_v to_o be_v instrumental_a to_o the_o cruelty_n of_o king_n bacchus_n in_o worry_v 30_o other_o elephant_n which_o he_o have_v bind_v to_o so_o many_o tree_n on_o purpose_n to_o have_v they_o destroy_v 10._o lib._n 10._o and_o that_o also_o of_o the_o asp_n record_v by_o the_o same_o pliny_n who_o have_v be_v say_v daily_o at_o a_o man_n table_n kill_v one_o of_o she_o own_o young_a one_o for_o kill_v the_o man_n son_n by_o who_o he_o have_v be_v so_o feed_v and_o will_v never_o afterward_o come_v into_o the_o same_o house_n these_o be_v say_v to_o be_v just_a act_n not_o proper_o but_o only_o as_o they_o have_v some_o faint_a resemblance_n of_o justice_n and_o some_o light_a impression_n of_o reason_n 3._o de_fw-fr ira_fw-la l._n 5._o c._n 3._o seneca_n therefore_o deny_v that_o dumb_a beast_n partake_v any_o thing_n of_o humane_a passion_n yet_o he_o acknowledge_v that_o they_o have_v somewhat_o that_o be_v like_a unto_o they_o they_o can_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v angry_a yet_o have_v they_o some_o violent_a impulse_n like_v unto_o anger_n non_fw-la vitia_fw-la sed_fw-la vitiorum_fw-la simulachra_fw-la they_o have_v no_o vice_n but_o somewhat_o like_a unto_o humane_a vice_n as_o origen_n plead_v against_o celsus_n but_o whether_o the_o act_n itself_o whereupon_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n have_v decree_v be_v common_a to_o we_o with_o other_o live_a creature_n as_o the_o education_n of_o our_o issue_n etc._n etc._n or_o proper_a unto_o we_o only_o as_o that_o god_n shall_v be_v worship_v do_v nothing_o appertain_v to_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o right_n xii_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n how_o prove_v but_o that_o any_o thing_n may_v be_v due_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v usual_o prove_v two_o way_n either_o by_o argument_n draw_v à _fw-la priori_fw-la or_o by_o such_o as_o be_v draw_v à _fw-la posteriori_fw-la whereof_o the_o former_a sort_n be_v more_o convince_a the_o latter_a more_o vulgar_a and_o plausible_a the_o proof_n by_o the_o former_a way_n be_v by_o show_v the_o necessary_a convenience_n or_o repugnancy_n that_o there_o be_v in_o any_o thing_n with_o rational_a and_o social_n nature_n for_o whatsoever_o can_v be_v prove_v to_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o conservation_n of_o humane_a nature_n and_o humane_a society_n must_v needs_o be_v institute_v as_o a_o law_n by_o the_o author_n of_o nature_n who_o be_v the_o god_n of_o order_n that_o proof_n which_o be_v à _fw-la postoriori_fw-la be_v when_o we_o can_v though_o not_o demonstrative_o yet_o with_o very_o great_a probability_n collect_v and_o conclude_v that_o to_o be_v a_o dictate_v of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v unanimous_o believe_v to_o be_v so_o by_o all_o or_o at_o least_o by_o the_o most_o civilise_v of_o all_o nation_n for_o if_o the_o effect_n be_v universal_a the_o cause_n must_v needs_o be_v so_o to_o but_o of_o so_o universal_a a_o persuasion_n there_o can_v be_v no_o other_o cause_n probabily_n give_v than_o that_o sense_n itself_o which_o be_v call_v common_a that_o of_o hesiod_n have_v be_v high_o celebrate_v by_o many_o what_o nation_n have_v avow_v ought_v not_o by_o private_a man_n be_v disallow_v quae_fw-la communiter_fw-la ita_fw-la videntur_fw-la fida_fw-la sunt_fw-la that_o which_o to_o most_o man_n seem_v true_a may_v be_v believe_v say_v heraclitus_n for_o we_o can_v have_v no_o strong_a proof_n or_o evidence_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o any_o thing_n that_o can_v be_v demonstrate_v than_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o wise_a in_o all_o nation_n that_o it_o be_v so_o this_o aristotle_n take_v to_o be_v of_o all_o other_o the_o most_o powerful_a and_o convince_a proof_n si_fw-mi in_o id_fw-la quod_fw-la dicimus_fw-la omnes_fw-la consentiunt_fw-la if_o to_o what_o we_o say_v all_o man_n give_v their_o consent_n of_o the_o same_o mind_n be_v cicero_n whatsoever_o all_o nation_n do_v grant_v must_v needs_o be_v the_o voice_n of_o nature_n 11._o 1_o tusc_n ep._n 117._o nic._n l._n 10._o 11._o so_o seneca_n also_o what_o appear_v the_o same_o to_o all_o man_n must_v undoubted_o be_v true_a he_o that_o derogate_v from_o this_o faith_n can_v never_o expect_v to_o be_v believe_v himself_o say_v aristotle_n so_o likewise_o tertullian_n quod_fw-la apud_fw-la multos_fw-la unum_fw-la invenitur_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la erratum_fw-la sed_fw-la traditum_fw-la what_o be_v approve_v of_o by_o the_o most_o be_v not_o error_n but_o tradition_n i_o say_v before_o that_o that_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o dictate_v of_o nature_n that_o be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v so_o by_o all_o or_o at_o least_o by_o the_o most_o civilise_v nation_n and_o deserve_o for_o some_o people_n be_v so_o fierce_a and_o savage_a that_o they_o have_v hardly_o any_o humanity_n among_o they_o as_o prophyrie_n right_o observe_v now_o no_o man_n of_o sound_a judgement_n sure_o will_v impute_v this_o as_o a_o general_a reproach_n to_o all_o mankind_n sure_o this_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v immutable_a and_o the_o same_o with_o all_o mankind_n that_o be_v of_o sound_n and_o perfect_a mind_n rhod._n andr._n rhod._n but_o if_o it_o appear_v otherwise_o to_o such_o be_v of_o distemper_a and_o perverse_a spirit_n or_o have_v be_v so_o corrupt_v through_o a_o evil_a education_n that_o they_o have_v lose_v even_o common_a sense_n and_o all_o natural_a notion_n it_o do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o weaken_v the_o authority_n of_o this_o law_n no_o more_o than_o it_o will_v evince_v that_o honey_n be_v not_o sweet_a because_o it_o do_v not_o seem_v so_o to_o such_o as_o be_v sick_a or_o of_o distemper_a palate_n not_o much_o discrepant_a from_o this_o be_v that_o of_o plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o pompey_n there_o neither_o be_v nor_o ever_o be_v any_o man_n by_o nature_n wild_a and_o unsociable_a many_o have_v indeed_o be_v make_v so_o by_o accustom_v themselves_o to_o live_v like_o beast_n beyond_o the_o bound_n of_o nature_n law_n and_o yet_o even_o these_o by_o change_v their_o manner_n of_o life_n or_o the_o place_n of_o their_o abode_n be_v easy_o reduce_v to_o become_v gentle_a and_o sociable_a and_o therefore_o aristotle_n in_o the_o description_n that_o he_o give_v of_o man_n make_v this_o as_o it_o be_v his_o proper_a passion_n that_o he_o be_v by_o nature_n a_o creature_n mild_a and_o tractable_a 3._o top._n l._n 5._o c._n 3._o especial_o if_o we_o judge_v of_o he_o according_a to_o that_o general_a rule_n that_o the_o same_o aristotle_n lay_v down_o quid_fw-la naturale_fw-la sit_fw-la spectandum_fw-la in_o his_o quae_fw-la bene_fw-la secundum_fw-la naturam_fw-la se_fw-la habent_fw-la non_fw-la in_o depravatis_fw-la 5._o pol._n l._n 1._o 5._o what_o be_v the_o true_a nature_n of_o any_o thing_n be_v best_a know_v by_o those_o that_o be_v perfect_a in_o their_o own_o kind_n and_o not_o by_o those_o that_o be_v deprave_v and_o corrupt_v for_o if_o we_o steer_v our_o judgement_n by_o this_o rule_n we_o can_v but_o acknowledge_v man_n to_o be_v in_o his_o own_o nature_n the_o most_o meek_a gentle_a and_o peaceable_a creature_n of_o all_o other_o as_o have_v nothing_o by_o nature_n give_v he_o whereby_o either_o to_o offend_v other_o or_o to_o defend_v himself_o beside_o as_o nature_n have_v make_v he_o the_o gentle_a of_o all_o other_o live_v creature_n so_o as_o philo_n observe_v have_v she_o make_v he_o sociable_a nay_o greedy_a of_o society_n and_o have_v also_o fit_v he_o thereunto_o by_o give_v he_o that_o excellent_a ornament_n of_o speech_n wherewith_o his_o passion_n though_o never_o so_o fierce_a and_o rage_a be_v sudden_o as_o if_o by_o some_o spell_n or_o incantation_n becalm_v xiii_o voluntary_a law_n another_o species_n of_o jus_o as_o take_v for_o a_o law_n there_o be_v which_o we_o call_v voluntary_a because_o it_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o will_n which_o be_v either_o divine_a or_o humane_a fourteen_o humane_a law_n divide_v we_o shall_v begin_v with_o that_o which_o be_v humane_a because_o it_o be_v more_o general_o know_v and_o this_o be_v either_o civil_a or_o that_o which_o be_v more_o extend_v or_o that_o which_o be_v more_o contract_v than_o civil_a the_o civil_a law_n be_v that_o which_o arise_v from_o the_o civil_a power_n the_o civil_a power_n
be_v that_o which_o govern_v any_o city_n now_o a_o city_n be_v a_o complete_a company_n of_o freeman_n associate_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o own_o right_n and_o for_o their_o common_a profit_n that_o law_n that_o be_v of_o lesser_a extent_n and_o arise_v not_o from_o the_o civil_a power_n though_o subject_n unto_o it_o be_v various_a comprehend_v under_o it_o that_o of_o a_o father_n over_o his_o child_n that_o of_o a_o master_n over_o his_o servant_n and_o the_o like_a that_o law_n which_o be_v more_o extensive_a than_o that_o which_o be_v civil_a be_v that_o of_o nation_n which_o derive_v its_o authority_n from_o the_o joint_a consent_n of_o all_o or_o at_o least_o of_o many_o nation_n i_o say_v of_o many_o because_o there_o be_v hardly_o any_o law_n beside_o that_o of_o nature_n which_o also_o be_v usual_o call_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n that_o be_v common_a to_o all_o nation_n yea_o ofttimes_o that_o which_o be_v account_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n in_o one_o part_n of_o the_o world_n in_o another_o be_v not_o as_o we_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o when_o we_o treat_v of_o captivity_n and_o postliminy_n now_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v prove_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o unwritten_a civil_a law_n be_v namely_o by_o continual_a use_n and_o the_o testimony_n of_o man_n skilful_a in_o the_o law_n and_o therefore_o dio_n chrysostome_n call_v it_o the_o daughter_n of_o time_n and_o experience_n and_o to_o this_o purpose_n be_v the_o annal_n of_o former_a age_n of_o singular_a use_n xv._o the_o divine_a voluntary_a law_n divide_v the_o divine_a voluntary_a law_n be_v that_o which_o be_v warrant_v by_o the_o express_a will_n of_o god_n as_o may_v be_v understand_v by_o the_o very_a word_n itself_o whereby_o it_o be_v difference_v from_o the_o natural_a law_n which_o in_o some_o sense_n may_v be_v term_v divine_a also_o and_o here_o that_o which_o be_v say_v by_o anaxarchus_n in_o plutarch_n though_o somewhat_o confuse_o may_v take_v place_n namely_o that_o god_n do_v not_o will_n thing_n because_o they_o be_v just_a but_o thing_n be_v therefore_o just_a that_o be_v right_o due_a because_o he_o wiâ—s_v they_o now_o this_o law_n be_v give_v by_o god_n either_o to_o all_o mankind_n or_o to_o one_o nation_n to_o all_o mankind_n we_o find_v that_o god_n give_v law_n thâ—iâ—e_v auditor_n that_o this_o voluntary_a divine_a law_n be_v as_o oblige_v before_o the_o write_n of_o it_o in_o â—ooks_n or_o table_n as_o it_o be_v or_o be_v since_o be_v clear_a for_o first_o if_o the_o oblige_a power_n be_v only_o from_o the_o time_n when_o it_o be_v write_v by_o moses_n they_o that_o live_v before_o moses_n be_v no_o way_n oblige_v by_o it_o because_o till_o then_o it_o be_v not_o write_v second_o than_o the_o obligation_n must_v needs_o extend_v itself_o to_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o law_n so_o write_v and_o so_o to_o every_o circumstance_n of_o the_o judaical_a sabbath_n as_o well_o as_o to_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o only_a true_a god_n neither_o be_v it_o sufficient_a to_o say_v it_o be_v write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o adam_n and_o noah_n it_o be_v uncertain_a unto_o we_o now_o whether_o there_o be_v so_o ancient_a a_o record_n or_o not_o much_o more_o *_o whether_o that_o which_o be_v write_v be_v as_o the_o table_n of_o the_o law_n write_v by_o the_o finger_n of_o god_n *_o dr._n hammond_n the_o six_o law_n give_v by_o god_n to_o adam_n and_o noah_n as_o first_o that_o against_o strange_a and_o false_a worship_n second_o that_o of_o blessing_n the_o name_n of_o god_n that_o be_v of_o adore_v invocate_a and_o praise_v god_n three_o that_o of_o judgement_n that_o be_v of_o erect_v of_o magistrate_n and_o require_v administration_n of_o justice_n four_o that_o of_o disclose_v nakedness_n i._n e._n set_v bound_n to_o lust_n and_o prohibit_v marriage_n within_o such_o degree_n five_o that_o of_o shed_v blood_n against_o homicide_n and_o sixthly_a that_o against_o theft_n and_o rapine_n and_o of_o do_v to_o all_o as_o they_o will_v be_v do_v unto_o be_v not_o where_o record_v in_o holy_a writ_n yet_o be_v they_o as_o oblige_v to_o the_o jâ—ws_n that_o know_v they_o as_o any_o of_o the_o write_a law_n of_o moses_n we_o shall_v find_v they_o touch_v at_o act._n 15.20_o â—ut_v so_o sure_o that_o have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o those_o writing_n of_o the_o jew_n that_o be_v never_o within_o their_o canon_n nor_o in_o we_o we_o of_o these_o time_n have_v never_o know_v to_o what_o that_o reference_n belong_v and_o as_o all_o the_o law_n that_o be_v give_v to_o adam_n noah_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o patriarch_n although_o not_o commit_v to_o writing_n nor_o traduce_v to_o we_o yet_o lose_v nothing_o of_o their_o oblige_a power_n to_o they_o to_o who_o they_o be_v give_v so_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o new_a law_n although_o christ_n reveal_v much_o of_o his_o father_n will_n in_o sermon_n and_o other_o occasional_a discourse_n very_o few_o whereof_o be_v write_v and_o those_o that_o be_v be_v not_o so_o write_v until_o many_o year_n after_o his_o resurrection_n yet_o will_v no_o man_n say_v that_o because_o they_o be_v not_o leave_v write_v therefore_o they_o do_v not_o oblige_v his_o auditor_n first_o immediate_o after_o the_o creation_n of_o man_n second_o in_o the_o restauration_n of_o mankind_n after_o the_o flood_n and_o three_o in_o that_o more_o perfect_a reparation_n by_o christ_n tâ—ese_n three_o law_n do_v doubtless_o oblige_v all_o mankind_n as_o soon_o as_o and_o as_o far_o forth_o as_o man_n arrive_v at_o the_o knowledge_n of_o they_o xvi_o the_o law_n give_v to_o the_o jew_n do_v not_o oblige_v stranger_n of_o all_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o earth_n there_o be_v but_o one_o to_o who_o god_n vouchsafe_v to_o give_v law_n peculiar_a to_o themselves_o which_o be_v that_o of_o the_o jew_n what_o nation_n say_v moses_n so_o great_a to_o who_o god_n have_v give_v statute_n and_o judgement_n so_o righteous_a as_o this_o whole_a law_n deut._n 4.7_o so_o likewise_o davia_n the_o lord_n have_v show_v his_o word_n unto_o jacob_n his_o statute_n and_o ordinance_n unto_o israel_n non_fw-la ita_fw-la fecit_fw-la genti_fw-la ulli_fw-la he_o have_v not_o do_v so_o to_o any_o nation_n neither_o have_v the_o heathen_a knowledge_n of_o his_o law_n 147._o psalm_n 147._o doubtless_o then_o those_o jew_n and_o among_o they_o tryphon_n himself_o in_o his_o disceptation_n against_o justine_n do_v gross_o err_v who_o hold_v that_o even_o foreigner_n if_o they_o will_v be_v save_v must_v submit_v to_o the_o yoke_n of_o the_o moysaicall_a law_n for_o that_o law_n bind_v none_o but_o those_o to_o who_o it_o be_v give_v and_o who_o these_o be_v the_o preface_n to_o the_o law_n itself_o will_v plain_o declare_v audi_fw-la israel_n hear_v o_o israel_n say_v the_o text_n and_o every_o where_o we_o read_v that_o the_o covenant_n be_v make_v with_o they_o and_o that_o they_o be_v choose_v to_o be_v the_o peculiar_a people_n of_o god_n which_o maimonides_n acknowledge_v to_o be_v true_a and_o prove_v it_o out_o of_o deut._n 33.4_o but_o even_o among_o the_o jew_n there_o always_o live_v some_o foreigner_n be_v holy_a man_n and_o such_o as_o fear_v god_n as_o the_o syrophoenician_n woman_n mat._n 15.22_o cornelius_n act_v 10.2_o the_o grecian_n mention_v act_n 18.4_o who_o they_o call_v the_o pious_a among_o the_o gentile_n such_o as_o be_v term_v stranger_n leu._n 22.25_o and_o a_o sojourner_n leu._n 25.47_o who_o the_o chaldee_n paraphra_v call_v a_o inhabitant_n that_o be_v uncircumcised_a whereof_o we_o may_v read_v exod._n 12.45_o who_o be_v distinguish_v from_o a_o proselyte_n who_o though_o a_o foreigner_n yet_o be_v circumcise_v as_o appear_v bâ—_n compare_v this_o place_n with_o that_o of_o numb_a 9.14_o these_o uncircumcised_a sojourner_n maimonides_n admit_v may_v be_v partaker_n of_o the_o blessing_n of_o the_o life_n to_o come_v st._n chrysostome_n upon_o the_o second_o to_o the_o roman_n 10._o rom._n 2.9_o 10._o where_o st_n paul_n mention_n the_o jew_n and_o gentile_a write_v thus_o what_o jew_n and_o what_o gentile_a do_v st._n paul_n here_o mean_a sure_o those_o say_v he_o that_o live_v before_o christ_n as_o job_n the_o ninevite_n melchisedeck_v cornelius_n etc._n etc._n and_o what_o grecian_n do_v he_o discourse_v of_o sure_o not_o such_o as_o be_v idolater_n but_o such_o as_o worship_v god_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n who_o set_v aside_o the_o jewish_a ceremony_n religious_o observe_v all_o thing_n that_o appertain_v to_o a_o holy_a life_n and_o again_o the_o grecian_a he_o call_v not_o he_o that_o worship_v idol_n but_o he_o that_o be_v pious_a and_o devout_a though_o be_v submit_v not_o to_o the_o jewish_a rite_n and_o thus_o likewise_o do_v he_o expound_v that_o of_o st._n paul_n to_o he_o
signify_v the_o removal_n of_o impediment_n only_o i_o shall_v not_o here_o meddle_v with_o be_v either_o full_a and_o perfect_a which_o give_v we_o a_o right_a to_o do_v something_n altogether_o lawful_o or_o less_o full_a and_o imperfect_a which_o give_v we_o only_o a_o impunity_n with_o man_n and_o a_o right_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v give_v we_o any_o lawful_a let_v or_o impediment_n in_o the_o do_n of_o it_o concern_v the_o former_a of_o these_o the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v as_o be_v of_o positive_a precept_n namely_o that_o what_o the_o law_n thus_o permit_v can_v be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o of_o what_o be_v permit_v in_o the_o latter_a sense_n finem_fw-la vid._n chrysâ—â—t_n ad_fw-la 7_o ad_fw-la rom._n jaxta_fw-la finem_fw-la the_o case_n may_v be_v otherwise_o but_o this_o collection_n take_v place_n very_o rare_o because_o where_o the_o word_n permit_v be_v ambiguous_a it_o be_v much_o more_o convenient_a for_o we_o to_o judge_v of_o whether_o of_o these_o two_o permission_n it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n case_n christian_n prince_n may_v frame_v their_o law_n according_a to_o those_o of_o moses_n unless_o in_o three_o case_n than_o by_o argue_v from_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o permission_n to_o proceed_v to_o judge_v of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o next_o place_n sovereign_a prince_n be_v christian_n may_v from_o hence_o learn_v to_o form_v their_o law_n according_a to_o those_o give_v by_o moses_n unless_o it_o appear_v that_o those_o law_n be_v such_o as_o do_v whole_o relate_v either_o to_o the_o come_n of_o christ_n or_o to_o the_o evangelical_n law_n not_o then_o reveal_v or_o that_o such_o law_n be_v contrary_a to_o what_o christ_n do_v either_o in_o general_n or_o particular_o command_n for_o except_v these_o three_o case_n no_o other_o can_v be_v imagine_v why_o what_o moses_n command_v shall_v now_o be_v unlawful_a again_o we_o may_v hence_o learn_v that_o whatsoever_o be_v enjoin_v by_o moses_n which_o may_v serve_v to_o the_o improvement_n of_o those_o virtue_n which_o christ_n exact_v from_o his_o disciple_n ought_v now_o to_o be_v as_o strict_o if_o not_o more_o observe_v by_o we_o than_o heretofore_o it_o be_v by_o they_o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v this_o because_o what_o virtue_n soever_o christ_n require_v of_o we_o as_o humility_n patience_n love_n etc._n etc._n be_v to_o be_v perform_v in_o a_o high_a degree_n than_o they_o be_v under_o the_o state_n of_o the_o jewish_a law_n and_o not_o without_o good_a reason_n because_o of_o those_o celestial_a promise_n that_o be_v hold_v forth_o unto_o we_o in_o the_o gospel_n which_o be_v more_o clear_a than_o under_o the_o law_n pudicitia_n de_fw-fr pudicitia_n our_o christian_a liberty_n say_v tertullian_n be_v no_o way_n injurious_a unto_o innocency_n for_o the_o whole_a law_n as_o to_o piety_n truth_n constancy_n chastity_n justice_n mat._n de_fw-fr virginitate_fw-la 94._o on_o the_o first_o of_o st._n mat._n mercy_n benevolence_n and_o modesty_n stand_v yet_o unrepealed_a nay_o a_o large_a proportion_n of_o these_o say_v chrysostome_n be_v expect_v from_o we_o because_o the_o grace_n of_o the_o spirit_n be_v more_o plentiful_o pour_v down_o upon_o we_o than_o they_o be_v upon_o they_o athanasius_n also_o tell_v we_o that_o christ_n make_v the_o precept_n of_o the_o law_n to_o be_v of_o a_o large_a extent_n than_o moses_n do_v for_o moses_n say_v only_o thou_o shall_v not_o kill_v but_o christ_n say_v thou_o shall_v not_o be_v angry_a unadvised_o moses_n say_v thou_o shall_v not_o commit_v adultery_n but_o christ_n say_v thou_o shall_v not_o look_v to_o lust_n after_o a_o woman_n 25._o heb._n 7.19.8.4_o rom._n 1â—_n 5_o gal._n 3_o 25._o and_o therefore_o the_o old_a law_n in_o comparison_n to_o the_o new_a be_v say_v to_o be_v weak_a and_o not_o without_o blemish_n and_o christ_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o end_n of_o the_o law_n but_o the_o law_n our_o school_n mistress_n or_o our_o guide_n to_o lead_v we_o unto_o christ_n gal._n 3.25_o so_o the_o law_n of_o the_o sabbath_n and_o that_o of_o tithe_n do_v oblige_v we_o christian_n not_o to_o yield_v a_o lesser_a proportion_n of_o time_n for_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n than_o a_o seven_o day_n nor_o a_o lesser_a proportion_n of_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o the_o priest_n alimony_n and_o other_o the_o like_o sacred_a use_n than_o the_o ten_o part_n chap._n ii_o whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a at_o any_o time_n to_o make_v war._n i._o that_o to_o make_v war_n be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n prove_v by_o reason_n ii_o by_o history_n iii_o by_o consent_n iv_o that_o it_o be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n v._o that_o the_o voluntary_a divine_a law_n before_o christ_n be_v not_o against_o it_o prove_v and_o the_o objection_n to_o the_o contrary_a answer_v vi_o certain_a precaution_n concern_v this_o question_n whether_o war_n be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o gospel_n vii_o argument_n for_o the_o negative_a opinion_n out_o of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n viii_o the_o argument_n out_o of_o scripture_n for_o the_o affirmative_a answer_v xi_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o primitive_a christian_n concern_v this_o examine_v i._o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v not_o against_o it_o have_v thus_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o spring_n from_o whence_o all_o right_n flow_v let_v we_o now_o begin_v with_o the_o most_o general_a question_n whether_o any_o war_n be_v just_a or_o whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a at_o any_o time_n to_o make_v war_n but_o this_o very_a question_n with_o other_o that_o follow_v be_v to_o be_v dscu_v in_o the_o first_o place_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n cicero_n in_o several_a place_n very_o learned_o prove_v out_o of_o the_o book_n of_o some_o stoic_n that_o there_o be_v some_o principle_n instill_a into_o we_o by_o nature_n her_o helf_n as_o soon_o as_o we_o be_v bear_v as_o to_o love_v ourselves_o and_o to_o hold_v nothing_o dear_a unto_o we_o than_o ourselves_o and_o in_o order_n to_o the_o conservation_n of_o that_o be_v that_o she_o have_v give_v we_o to_o love_v and_o rejoice_v in_o those_o thing_n which_o conduce_v to_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o of_o every_o member_n thereof_o and_o to_o abhor_v those_o thing_n that_o tend_v to_o its_o destruction_n hence_o it_o come_v that_o there_o be_v no_o man_n but_o be_v leave_v to_o his_o own_o choice_n have_v rather_o that_o all_o his_o member_n shall_v be_v proportionable_a and_o entire_a than_o by_o use_n break_v or_o crooked_a therefore_o our_o first_o duty_n according_a to_o nature_n instinct_n be_v to_o desire_v those_o thing_n most_o that_o be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o our_o own_o nature_n and_o to_o avoid_v those_o that_o be_v destructive_a unto_o it_o but_o these_o thing_n thus_o know_v and_o reason_n beginning_n to_o sprout_v forth_o from_o she_o latent_fw-la seed_n than_o our_o second_o duty_n be_v to_o follow_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v agreeable_a to_o reason_n itself_o which_o be_v ever_o more_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o those_o that_o be_v convenient_a to_o the_o body_n and_o consequent_o to_o embrace_v those_o thing_n that_o accord_n with_o justice_n and_o honesty_n rather_o than_o those_o whereunto_o we_o be_v lead_v by_o sense_n and_o appetite_n because_o the_o principle_n of_o our_o nature_n do_v chief_o commend_v we_o to_o right_a reason_n as_o to_o our_o best_a guide_n and_o protectrix_fw-la for_o as_o nature_n in_o all_o other_o thing_n never_o produce_v her_o best_a and_o choice_a fruit_n until_o she_o arrive_v at_o maturity_n 76.121.128_o right_o reason_n be_v nature_n best_a guide_n sen._n ep._n 124._o ep._n 76.121.128_o so_o neither_o do_v humane_a nature_n herself_o produce_v her_o best_a operation_n until_o reason_n grow_v up_o to_o perfection_n and_o therefore_o shall_v reason_v itself_o be_v much_o dear_a unto_o we_o than_o those_o thing_n whereby_o we_o arrive_v unto_o it_o now_o these_o thing_n be_v undeniable_o true_a and_o without_o any_o far_a demonstration_n by_o all_o man_n of_o sound_a judgement_n grant_v it_o follow_v that_o in_o examine_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n we_o find_v out_o what_o be_v agreeable_a to_o those_o beginning_n or_o first_o principle_n of_o nature_n and_o then_o that_o we_o proceed_v to_o that_o which_o though_o in_o order_n of_o time_n late_a yet_o be_v much_o more_o worthy_a to_o be_v follow_v and_o that_o not_o as_o accept_v only_o if_o it_o may_v be_v grant_v but_o as_o that_o which_o by_o all_o mean_n be_v to_o be_v require_v moreover_o that_o which_o we_o call_v honest_a according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o matter_n be_v sometime_o take_v strict_o undo_v honesty_n consider_v two_o way_n strict_o as_o in_o a_o point_n or_o large_o for_o whatsoever_o may_v be_v commendable_o do_v and_o yet_o may_v
to_o be_v acquire_v ☜_o no_o prescription_n without_o strong_a conjecture_n of_o dereliction_n can_v lie_v against_o a_o king_n as_o such_o ☜_o within_o such_o a_o certain_a time_n at_o all_o appertain_v to_o the_o thing_n belong_v to_o the_o supreme_a power_n yet_o may_v the_o people_n in_o the_o first_o creation_n of_o the_o empire_n have_v express_v their_o will_n by_o what_o mean_n and_o in_o what_o space_n of_o time_n the_o government_n by_o not_o use_v it_o shall_v be_v lose_v which_o will_v so_o express_v aught_o without_o doubt_n to_o have_v be_v follow_v nor_o can_v it_o then_o have_v be_v infringe_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o though_o invest_v with_o supreme_a power_n because_o it_o appertain_v not_o to_o the_o empire_n itself_o but_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o hold_v it_o as_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o explain_v it_o xiii_o what_o be_v not_o inseparable_a from_o sovereignty_n may_v be_v get_v or_o lose_v by_o prescription_n but_o what_o thing_n soever_o be_v not_o essential_a to_o the_o sovereign_a power_n nor_o belong_v unto_o it_o as_o its_o natural_a propriety_n but_o may_v natural_o be_v either_o separate_v from_o it_o or_o at_o least_o communicate_v with_o other_o be_v also_o subject_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n of_o every_o people_n which_o be_v in_o force_n concern_v usucapion_n and_o prescription_n so_o we_o read_v of_o some_o subject_n who_o have_v gain_v by_o prescription_n that_o it_o can_v be_v appeal_v from_o they_o yet_o so_o that_o always_o some_o appeal_n may_v be_v make_v from_o namely_o by_o petition_n or_o some_o such_o like_a way_n for_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o appeal_n at_o all_o from_o any_o be_v not_o consistent_a with_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o subject_a and_o therefore_o must_v needs_o appertain_v to_o sovereignty_n or_o to_o some_o essential_a part_n of_o it_o nor_o can_v it_o otherwise_o be_v obtain_v than_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o which_o the_o high_a power_n themselves_o be_v subject_a fourteen_o that_o subject_n may_v at_o all_o time_n assert_v their_o own_o liberty_n refute_v vasquius_fw-la refuted_a hence_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o discern_v how_o far_o forth_o we_o may_v admit_v of_o that_o which_o vasquius_fw-la and_o other_o maintain_v namely_o that_o subject_n may_v at_o all_o time_n endeavour_v if_o they_o can_v to_o recover_v that_o liberty_n which_o belong_v to_o a_o free_a people_n because_o what_o be_v by_o force_n get_v may_v by_o force_n be_v regain_v and_o of_o that_o which_o at_o first_o proceed_v from_o the_o will_n it_o be_v lawful_a to_o repent_v and_o to_o change_v the_o will_n for_o both_o that_o empire_n that_o be_v at_o first_o gain_v by_o force_n may_v in_o time_n by_o the_o tacit_a consent_n of_o the_o people_n yield_v thereunto_o a_o willing_a obedience_n receive_v a_o firm_a and_o establish_v right_o as_o also_o that_o will_n either_o at_o the_o first_o establishment_n of_o the_o empire_n or_o by_o a_o postnate_a fact_n may_v be_v such_o as_o shall_v give_v such_o a_o right_n as_o shall_v not_o afterward_o depend_v upon_o that_o will_n it_o be_v a_o excellent_a speech_n that_o josephus_n record_v of_o king_n agrippa_n to_o those_o jew_n who_o from_o their_o preposterous_a endeavour_n to_o recover_v their_o lose_a liberty_n be_v call_v zealot_n intempestivum_fw-la est_fw-la nunc_fw-la libertatem_fw-la concupiscere_fw-la olim_fw-la ne_fw-la ea_fw-la amitteretur_fw-la certatum_fw-la oportuit_fw-la to_o contend_v now_o for_o your_o liberty_n be_v unseasonable_a this_o you_o shall_v have_v do_v before_o you_o have_v lose_v it_o to_o be_v enslave_v to_o another_o be_v grievous_a the_o misery_n of_o war_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o it_o but_o if_o be_v by_o the_o fortune_n of_o the_o war_n reduce_v into_o bondage_n you_o attempt_v to_o free_v yourselves_o non_fw-la amantes_fw-la libertatis_fw-la dicendi_fw-la estis_fw-la sed_fw-la servi_fw-la contumaces_fw-la you_o will_v not_o be_v think_v to_o affect_v liberty_n but_o rebellion_n so_o josephus_n himself_o to_o the_o same_o jew_n honestum_fw-la est_fw-la pro_fw-la patria_fw-la pugnare_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o fight_v in_o defence_n of_o our_o liberty_n whilst_o we_o have_v it_o be_v honest_a nay_o honourable_a but_o have_v long_o since_o lose_v it_o now_o to_o endeavour_v by_o arm_n to_o recover_v it_o be_v to_o make_v our_o condition_n which_o be_v before_o tolerable_a 3._o de_fw-fr cyri_n inst_z lib._n 3._o now_o desperate_a thus_o do_v cyrus_n in_o xenophon_n answer_v king_n armenius_n who_o will_v fain_o have_v excuse_v his_o defection_n by_o his_o earnest_a desire_n of_o his_o lose_a liberty_n yet_o notwithstanding_o i_o make_v no_o question_n but_o that_o a_o long_a continue_a patience_n in_o a_o king_n as_o i_o have_v above_o describe_v may_v be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o people_n to_o recover_v their_o liberty_n upon_o a_o presumption_n of_o a_o dereliction_n xv._o thing_n mere_o in_o our_o power_n be_v not_o lose_v by_o prescription_n neither_o be_v those_o right_n lose_v by_o prescription_n that_o be_v not_o exercise_v frequent_o but_o may_v be_v once_o at_o a_o time_n convenient_a as_o the_o right_n of_o redemption_n of_o thing_n mortgage_v or_o give_v in_o pledge_n as_o also_o those_o right_n of_o our_o free_a liberty_n to_o do_v such_o other_o act_n whereunto_o that_o act_n already_o execute_v be_v not_o direct_o contrary_a but_o be_v rather_o comprehend_v in_o it_o as_o a_o part_n be_v in_o its_o whole_a as_o in_o case_n a_o man_n have_v enter_v into_o a_o association_n with_o one_o of_o his_o neighbour_n only_o and_o continue_v the_o same_o for_o a_o hundred_o year_n whereas_o he_o be_v at_o liberty_n to_o have_v do_v the_o like_a with_o other_o also_o within_o that_o time_n those_o right_n of_o his_o liberty_n i_o say_v be_v not_o by_o prescription_n lose_v until_o be_v prohibit_v to_o exercise_v it_o or_o compel_v to_o forego_v it_o he_o obey_v it_o and_o sufficient_o signify_v his_o consent_n thereunto_o which_o be_v congruous_a not_o only_o to_o the_o civil_a law_n but_o to_o natural_a reason_n may_v also_o be_v in_o force_n even_o among_o man_n of_o the_o high_a fortune_n chap._n v._o how_o a_o right_a over_o person_n be_v original_o gain_v where_o also_o the_o right_n of_o parent_n over_o their_o child_n of_o matrimony_n of_o college_n or_o society_n of_o king_n over_o subject_n and_o of_o master_n over_o servant_n be_v discuss_v i._o what_o right_a parent_n have_v over_o their_o child_n ii_o this_o right_a varye_n with_o their_o age_n of_o infant_n and_o what_o right_o they_o have_v over_o their_o estate_n iii_o of_o their_o right_n over_o their_o child_n be_v past_o their_o infancy_n whilst_o they_o be_v in_o their_o family_n iu._n what_o coercive_a power_n parent_n have_v over_o they_o v._o what_o right_a they_o have_v to_o sell_v they_o vi_o what_o right_a they_o have_v over_o they_o when_o out_o of_o their_o infancy_n and_o family_n vii_o their_o power_n distinguish_v into_o natural_a and_o civil_a viii_o of_o the_o right_n of_o a_o husband_n over_o his_o wife_n ix_o whether_o the_o tie_n up_o of_o one_o man_n to_o one_o woman_n inseparable_o be_v necessary_a to_o marriage_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o of_o the_o gospel_n only_o x._o by_o the_o sole_a law_n of_o nature_n the_o want_n of_o the_o consent_n of_o parent_n null_v not_o a_o marriage_n xi_o by_o the_o evangelical_n law_n the_o marriage_n of_o another_o wife_n or_o husband_n be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la void_a xii_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o marriage_n of_o parent_n with_o their_o child_n be_v void_a xiii_o so_o be_v marriage_n of_o brother_n and_o sister_n of_o the_o mother-in-law_n with_o the_o son-in-law_n etc._n etc._n by_o the_o divine_a voluntary_a law_n fourteen_o but_o of_o kindred_n more_o remote_a it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o by_o that_o law_n they_o be_v unlawful_a xv._o some_o of_o those_o contract_n which_o the_o law_n call_v concubinary_a may_v amount_v to_o marriage_n and_o be_v lawful_a xvi_o some_o marriage_n though_o unlawful_a to_o have_v be_v do_v yet_o be_v do_v be_v lawful_a xvii_o of_o the_o right_n of_o the_o major_a part_n of_o a_o society_n xviii_o where_o the_o vote_n be_v equal_a which_o part_n carry_v the_o sentence_n xix_o what_o sentence_n be_v to_o be_v divide_v and_o what_o conjoin_v xx._n the_o right_n of_o the_o absent_a be_v devolve_v on_o those_o that_o be_v present_a xxi_o what_o order_n be_v use_v among_o person_n equal_a even_o among_o king_n xxii_o where_o diverse_a society_n claim_v unequal_a share_n in_o the_o same_o thing_n their_o vote_n shall_v be_v reckon_v according_a to_o their_o respective_a part_n in_o the_o thing_n xxiii_o of_o the_o power_n that_o city_n have_v over_o their_o citizen_n xxiv_o whether_o citizen_n may_v desert_v their_o city_n explain_v by_o distinction_n xxv_o no_o city_n have_v power_n over_o her_o banish_a citizen_n xxvi_o what_o power_n by_o
altogether_o discharge_v of_o the_o duty_n incumbent_a on_o he_o as_o a_o father_n nature_n itself_o will_v not_o admit_v of_o such_o a_o alienation_n but_o yet_o he_o may_v commit_v his_o son_n to_o another_o man_n to_o be_v feed_v and_o educate_v by_o way_n of_o substitution_n xxvii_o what_o power_n lord_n have_v over_o their_o slave_n the_o most_o ignoble_a of_o all_o subjection_n be_v that_o whereby_o a_o man_n give_v himself_o up_o to_o perfect_a slavery_n such_o be_v they_o among_o the_o german_n of_o who_o tacitus_n speak_v that_o sell_v themselves_o for_o food_n and_o raiment_n and_o of_o such_o there_o be_v great_a number_n among_o the_o grecian_n who_o as_o dion_n prusaeensis_n note_v of_o freeman_n become_v slave_n and_o perform_v their_o service_n according_a to_o article_n of_o agreement_n now_o that_o we_o call_v perfect_a bondage_n which_o tie_v a_o man_n during_o life_n to_o perform_v all_o manner_n of_o work_n for_o no_o other_o reward_n but_o food_n and_o clothing_n which_o if_o it_o extend_v itself_o to_o whatsoever_o conduce_v to_o the_o preservation_n of_o nature_n be_v not_o much_o to_o be_v grieve_v at_o for_o our_o continual_a labour_n be_v indifferent_o well_o recompense_v with_o a_o constant_a supply_n of_o thing_n necessary_a for_o life_n which_o they_o that_o hire_v out_o themselves_o by_o the_o day_n only_o do_v often_o want_v this_o the_o stoic_a possidonius_fw-la observe_v out_o of_o history_n that_o many_o in_o ancient_a time_n conscious_a of_o their_o own_o weakness_n to_o maintain_v themselves_o voluntary_o submit_v themselves_o to_o be_v command_v by_o other_o constant_o perform_v what_o they_o be_v able_a and_o receive_v from_o their_o lord_n whatsoever_o be_v necessary_a for_o they_o like_o he_o in_o plautus_n if_o i_o be_v free_a the_o charge_n be_v i_o but_o be_v bind_v that_o charge_n be_v thou_o xxviii_o whether_o this_o power_n extend_v to_o life_n and_o death_n no_o lord_n can_v have_v absolute_a power_n over_o the_o life_n and_o death_n of_o his_o slave_n if_o we_o respect_v internal_a justice_n for_o no_o man_n can_v take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o another_o and_o be_v guiltless_a unless_o it_o be_v for_o some_o capital_a crime_n commit_v and_o yet_o by_o the_o law_n of_o some_o nation_n he_o that_o shall_v kill_v his_o slave_n for_o what_o cause_n soever_o be_v indemnify_v as_o king_n be_v in_o all_o nation_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o vast_a and_o unlimited_a power_n for_o as_o seneca_n note_n if_o a_o servant_n dare_v not_o plead_v with_o his_o master_n for_o fear_n of_o suffer_v the_o worst_a of_o torment_n 22._o de_fw-fr benef_fw-fr lib._n 3._o c._n 22._o no_o more_o dare_v subject_n with_o their_o prince_n nor_o soldier_n with_o their_o general_n who_o have_v all_o of_o they_o equal_a right_n though_o under_o unequal_a title_n no_o master_n then_o have_v a_o just_a power_n to_o injure_v his_o slave_n but_o only_o as_o that_o be_v sometime_o improper_o call_v just_o which_o be_v do_v be_v not_o punishable_a such_o a_o right_o do_v solon_n give_v to_o parent_n over_o their_o own_o child_n and_o so_o do_v the_o ancient_a roman_a law_n witness_v that_o of_o sopater_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o he_o be_v a_o father_n to_o kill_v his_o own_o child_n if_o they_o offend_v for_o the_o law_n presume_v upon_o the_o father_n integrity_n have_v permit_v such_o a_o right_n unto_o he_o the_o like_a power_n say_v dion_z we_o find_v permit_v in_o many_o nation_n famous_a for_o wise_a and_o wholesome_a law_n xxix_o of_o the_o child_n of_o slave_n that_o be_v bear_v and_o breed_v in_o their_o master_n family_n slave_n vide_fw-la infra_fw-la ch._n 8._o §._o 18._o pliny_n l._n 10._o c._n 34._o de_fw-la columbis_fw-la lex_fw-la visigothica_n the_o sclavonian_a law_n judge_v the_o child_n by_o the_o father_n the_o law_n of_o england_n littleton_n de_fw-fr villanagio_n the_o roman_a law_n what_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v in_o this_o case_n if_o the_o parent_n can_v maintain_v the_o child_n but_o at_o the_o lord_n charge_v the_o child_n be_v a_o slave_n but_o of_o the_o child_n of_o captive_n which_o be_v bear_v of_o slave_n in_o their_o lord_n family_n there_o be_v yet_o a_o more_o difficult_a question_n for_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o of_o other_o nation_n concern_v captive_n as_o we_o shall_v elsewhere_o show_v as_o of_o brute_n beast_n so_o of_o people_n of_o a_o servile_a condition_n it_o hold_v true_a that_o partus_fw-la sequitur_fw-la ventrem_fw-la as_o be_v the_o mother_n so_o be_v the_o child_n but_o this_o notwithstanding_o be_v not_o altogether_o congruous_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n especial_o where_o the_o father_n of_o the_o child_n may_v be_v sufficient_o know_v for_o since_o even_o among_o dumb_a creature_n as_o pliny_n observe_v of_o dove_n amor_fw-la utrique_fw-la sobolis_fw-la aequalis_fw-la both_o parent_n be_v equal_o concern_v for_o their_o own_o young_a thereby_o acknowledge_v their_o common_a interest_n in_o they_o so_o also_o have_v not_o the_o civil_a law_n otherwise_o determine_v the_o child_n have_v follow_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o father_n no_o less_o than_o that_o of_o the_o mother_n for_o if_o the_o son_n say_v the_o visigothick_n law_n be_v bear_v and_o create_v by_o both_o parent_n why_o shall_v he_o follow_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o mother_n only_o who_o without_o the_o father_n can_v not_o beget_v he_o among_o the_o sclavonian_n as_o also_o in_o some_o part_n of_o italy_n among_o the_o lombard_n and_o saxon_n the_o child_n be_v account_v either_o bond_n or_o free_a from_o their_o father_n the_o law_n of_o england_n judge_n of_o the_o child_n not_o by_o the_o mother_n but_o by_o the_o father_n for_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n be_v but_o one_o person_n in_o our_o law_n and_o the_o wife_n marry_v a_o freeman_n by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n the_o issue_n be_v free_a which_o law_n though_o different_a from_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n yet_o as_o aquinus_n note_n do_v not_o much_o deviate_v from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o why_o not_o since_o among_o the_o roman_n by_o their_o mensian_a law_n if_o both_o the_o parent_n be_v alien_n the_o child_n bear_v of_o they_o be_v so_o too_o as_o ulpian_n tell_v we_o now_o let_v we_o admit_v that_o both_o the_o parent_n be_v slave_n it_o be_v worth_a our_o pain_n to_o know_v whether_o natural_o the_o child_n be_v so_o or_o not_o and_o certain_o if_o the_o parent_n have_v no_o other_o mean_n to_o breed_v up_o the_o child_n but_o in_o their_o lord_n family_n or_o at_o his_o charge_n they_o have_v a_o power_n to_o deliver_v he_o up_o to_o the_o lord_n for_o a_o slave_n for_o although_o the_o child_n be_v ingenuous_a and_o freeborn_a yet_o in_o such_o a_o case_n they_o have_v power_n by_o the_o law_n to_o sell_v he_o and_o in_o case_n the_o parent_n be_v servant_n to_o several_a master_n then_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o child_n be_v to_o be_v divide_v between_o their_o respective_a lord_n but_o if_o they_o have_v but_o one_o child_n then_o of_o right_n it_o belong_v to_o he_o who_o slave_n the_o father_n be_v the_o lord_n of_o the_o mother_n be_v first_o satisfy_v for_o his_o half_a part_n and_o yet_o of_o the_o child_n of_o he_o that_o be_v bear_v in_o the_o house_n of_o his_o lord_n two_o part_n do_v accrue_v to_o his_o lord_n and_o but_o one_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o mother_n according_a to_o the_o edict_n of_o theodoric_n not_o otherwise_o not_o as_o cassiodore_n record_v now_o whereas_o i_o say_v before_o that_o the_o parent_n if_o they_o have_v not_o any_o mean_n to_o breed_v up_o their_o child_n but_o at_o the_o charge_n of_o their_o lord_n may_v deliver_v they_o up_o unto_o he_o as_o his_o slave_n it_o may_v seem_v that_o this_o power_n do_v natural_o arise_v from_o their_o supply_v they_o with_o food_n and_o other_o necessary_n and_o therefore_o where_o there_o be_v no_o such_o necessity_n as_o where_o there_o be_v other_o mean_n to_o breed_v they_o they_o have_v no_o right_a to_o sell_v they_o and_o so_o it_o be_v adjudge_v by_o charles_n the_o bald_a wherefore_o the_o right_a that_o these_o lord_n have_v in_o the_o child_n of_o their_o bond-servant_n spring_n from_o the_o many_o year_n alimony_n that_o be_v give_v they_o by_o the_o lord_n before_o they_o can_v be_v serviceable_a to_o he_o which_o they_o be_v to_o recompense_v by_o their_o future_a labour_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n the_o parent_n can_v dispose_v of_o they_o to_o any_o other_o man_n neither_o may_v the_o servant_n flee_v from_o his_o lord_n until_o full_a satisfaction_n be_v give_v unto_o that_o lord_n for_o the_o charge_n of_o their_o education_n but_o if_o the_o lord_n be_v too_o unmerciful_o cruel_a then_o that_o even_o they_o who_o have_v surrender_v themselves_o as_o slave_n may_v provide_v for_o their_o
his_o willingness_n to_o accept_v of_o it_o by_o some_o outward_a sign_n which_o though_o it_o be_v usual_o subsequent_a to_o the_o tender_a of_o the_o giver_n yet_o may_v it_o also_o precede_v it_o as_o when_o a_o man_n require_v that_o such_o a_o thing_n shall_v be_v give_v he_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v presume_v that_o he_o be_v willing_a to_o receive_v it_o unless_o it_o do_v appear_v that_o he_o have_v alter_v his_o mind_n as_o to_o other_o thing_n requisite_a as_o well_o to_o the_o transfer_v as_o to_o the_o acception_n of_o a_o right_n in_o thing_n and_o how_o both_o may_v be_v safe_o do_v we_o shall_v show_v more_o full_o when_o we_o treat_v of_o promise_n for_o concern_v both_o these_o nature_n have_v prescribe_v the_o same_o rule_n iii_o empire_n whether_o alienable_a as_o other_o thing_n so_o be_v empire_n alienable_a by_o he_o in_o who_o dominion_n they_o true_o be_v that_o be_v as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o by_o a_o king_n who_o kingdom_n be_v patrimonial_a but_o otherwise_o by_o the_o people_n yet_o not_o without_o the_o kngs_n consent_n because_o he_o have_v a_o kind_n of_o right_n in_o it_o though_o but_o to_o the_o present_a revenue_n which_o can_v without_o his_o own_o act_n be_v take_v from_o he_o thus_o it_o stand_v with_o a_o whole_a sovereign_a empire_n iv_o that_o the_o whole_a can_v alienate_v the_o part_n that_o consent_v not_o to_o the_o alienation_n but_o as_o to_o the_o alienation_n of_o any_o one_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a it_o be_v further_a requisite_a that_o that_o part_n that_o be_v to_o be_v alienate_v consent_v thereunto_o for_o they_o that_o first_o enter_v into_o that_o society_n do_v as_o may_v be_v presume_v contract_v a_o firm_a and_o immortal_a league_n among_o themselves_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o all_o those_o part_n which_o be_v call_v integrants_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o these_o part_n be_v not_o so_o under_o their_o own_o body_n as_o the_o member_n of_o a_o natural_a body_n which_o can_v live_v without_o the_o life_n of_o the_o body_n and_o be_v therefore_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o body_n sometime_o just_o cut_v off_o but_o this_o body_n whereof_o we_o now_o speak_v be_v constitute_v after_o another_o manner_n namely_o by_o mutual_a consent_n and_o agreement_n and_o therefore_o its_o power_n over_o its_o part_n depend_v whole_o upon_o the_o will_n and_o intention_n of_o they_o who_o first_o institute_v that_o society_n who_o without_o doubt_n will_v never_o have_v grant_v such_o a_o power_n to_o the_o whole_a as_o to_o abscind_v from_o itself_o any_o of_o its_o part_n and_o to_o give_v they_o up_o into_o the_o power_n of_o another_o v._n nor_o any_o part_n over_o themselves_o but_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n neither_o be_v it_o on_o the_o other_o side_n in_o the_o power_n of_o any_o part_n to_o recede_v from_o the_o whole_a unless_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o it_o can_v otherwise_o subsist_v for_o as_o we_o have_v say_v already_o in_o omnibus_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la humani_fw-la instituti_fw-la excepta_fw-la videtur_fw-la necessitas_fw-la summa_fw-la quae_fw-la rem_fw-la reducit_fw-la ad_fw-la merum_fw-la jus_o naturae_fw-la all_o humane_a constitution_n give_v place_n to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n in_o casâ—s_n of_o unavoidable_a necessity_n almost_o all_o nation_n say_v st._n augustin_n be_v teach_v by_o the_o very_a voice_n of_o nature_n to_o submit_v to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o conqueror_n rather_o than_o to_o hazard_v a_o utter_a devastation_n and_o therefore_o as_o herodotus_n note_n in_o that_o oath_n wherewith_o the_o grecian_n bound_v themselves_o to_o be_v faithful_a to_o the_o persian_n as_o to_o the_o conqueror_n this_o salvo_n be_v add_v 6._o vide_fw-la infra_fw-la c._n 24._o §._o 6._o nisi_fw-la planè_fw-la coacti_fw-la unless_o they_o be_v manifest_o force_v to_o the_o contrary_n thus_o we_o read_v that_o anaxilaus_n be_v deserve_o acquit_v by_o the_o spartan_n for_o deliver_v up_o the_o city_n byzantium_n be_v distress_v more_o by_o famine_n within_o than_o by_o the_o sword_n without_o and_o xenophon_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o emperor_n anastasius_n return_v thanks_o to_o his_o commander_n for_o their_o timely_a surrender_n of_o the_o city_n martyropolis_n thereby_o prevent_v the_o unnecessary_a effusion_n of_o blood_n since_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o be_v defend_v cum_fw-la fame_n habitare_fw-la virtus_fw-la recusat_fw-la valour_n will_v not_o cohabit_v with_o famine_n say_v procopius_n neither_o can_v we_o expect_v that_o nature_n shall_v act_v vigorous_o 4._o goth._n l._n 4._o when_o she_o want_v nourishment_n so_o cephalas_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o the_o emperor_n alexius_n be_v strait_o besiege_v in_o larissa_n yield_v to_o necessity_n we_o must_v deliver_v up_o the_o town_n to_o those_o who_o not_o only_o besiege_v we_o 6._o an._n come_v lib._n 6._o but_o maninifest_o starve_v we_o for_o what_o can_v valour_n do_v against_o the_o force_n of_o nature_n vi_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o different_a power_n now_o the_o reason_n why_o in_o case_n of_o absolute_a necessity_n every_o part_n of_o the_o society_n have_v more_o right_a to_o defend_v itself_o than_o the_o body_n of_o that_o society_n can_v have_v over_o its_o part_n be_v because_o that_o part_n that_o be_v so_o necessitate_v may_v use_v that_o right_n which_o nature_n give_v it_o before_o that_o society_n be_v institute_v which_o the_o whole_a society_n can_v neither_o let_v any_o man_n say_v that_o the_o right_n of_o empire_n be_v in_o the_o whole_a society_n as_o in_o its_o subject_n and_o therefore_o may_v be_v alienate_v by_o it_o as_o thing_n hold_v in_o propriety_n may_v for_o the_o government_n be_v indeed_o in_o the_o whole_a body_n as_o in_o its_o adequate_a subject_n but_o not_o divisible_o in_o many_o body_n as_o the_o soul_n be_v in_o perfect_a body_n but_o that_o necessity_n that_o enforce_v we_o to_o flee_v back_o to_o the_o original_a right_n of_o nature_n for_o defence_n can_v here_o have_v place_n for_o under_o that_o right_o the_o free_a use_n of_o nature_n be_v comprehend_v as_o eat_v and_o detain_v what_o be_v we_o which_o be_v natural_a but_o so_o be_v not_o the_o right_n of_o alienation_n which_o receive_v its_o authority_n from_o humane_a institution_n be_v from_o it_o to_o receive_v its_o bound_n vii_o that_o the_o empire_n over_o some_o place_n may_v be_v alienate_v but_o as_o to_o the_o empire_n over_o such_o a_o place_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o territory_n that_o lie_v uninhabited_a and_o desert_a i_o can_v discern_v any_o reason_n at_o all_o why_o it_o may_v not_o be_v alienate_v either_o by_o a_o free_a people_n or_o by_o a_o king_n with_o his_o people_n consent_n for_o as_o every_o part_n of_o the_o people_n have_v equal_o freedom_n of_o will_n so_o have_v they_o equal_o a_o right_a to_o gainsay_v whatsoever_o any_o other_o will_v have_v but_o the_o territory_n itself_o whether_o whole_o or_o in_o its_o part_n consider_v be_v the_o people_n common_a undivided_a and_o therefore_o whole_o at_o their_o dispose_n but_o as_o to_o the_o sovereignty_n over_o any_o part_n of_o the_o people_n if_o as_o i_o have_v say_v it_o can_v be_v alienate_v by_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n much_o less_o can_v it_o be_v do_v by_o a_o king_n who_o though_o he_o have_v the_o full_a power_n yet_o he_o have_v it_o not_o full_o viii_o no_o part_n alienable_a either_o for_o profit_n or_o necessity_n by_o a_o king_n alone_o and_o here_o i_o must_v crave_v leave_n to_o dissent_v from_o those_o civilian_n who_o hold_v that_o no_o part_n of_o a_o empire_n can_v be_v alienate_v by_o a_o king_n unless_o it_o be_v for_o public_a profit_n or_o out_o of_o necessity_n unless_o they_o understand_v it_o in_o this_o sense_n that_o where_o the_o profit_n do_v equal_o accrue_v both_o to_o the_o whole_a nation_n and_o to_o that_o part_n which_o be_v to_o be_v alienate_v the_o consent_n of_o both_o may_v easy_o be_v collect_v from_o their_o silence_n though_o of_o no_o long_a time_n which_o may_v much_o more_o easy_o be_v presume_v if_o there_o appear_v likewise_o a_o necessity_n for_o it_o but_o if_o either_o part_n do_v manifest_o declare_v against_o it_o there_o can_v be_v no_o right_a to_o alienate_v unless_o the_o part_n be_v evident_o enforce_v either_o to_o separate_v from_o the_o whole_a or_o suffer_v themselves_o inevitable_o to_o be_v destroy_v ix_o infeudation_n and_o mortgage_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n unlawful_a under_o alienation_n be_v deserve_o comprise_v even_o infeudation_n under_o penalty_n of_o confiscation_n for_o breach_n of_o faith_n give_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o feoff_n or_o when_o the_o family_n be_v extinct_a 12._o extinct_a sub_fw-la onere_fw-la commâ—ssaeâ—_n feloâ—ia_fw-la aut_fw-la deficiente_fw-la familia_fw-la vide_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 4._o §._o 12._o for_o even_o this_o be_v a_o conditional_a alienation_n wherefore_o we_o often_o see_v
kingdom_n of_o epirus_n by_o the_o judgement_n of_o his_o father_n pyrrhus_n have_v no_o lawful_a issue_n 1._o paus_n l._n 1._o the_o tartar_n make_v no_o difference_n between_o bastard_n and_o they_o that_o be_v legitimate_a so_o herodotus_n of_o the_o persian_n mos_fw-la est_fw-la illis_fw-la ut_fw-la nothus_fw-la regnet_fw-la dum_fw-la legitimus_fw-la aliquis_fw-la reperitur_fw-la who_o admit_v of_o bastard_n till_o one_o that_o be_v legitimate_a may_v be_v find_v and_o we_o read_v in_o justine_n of_o a_o treaty_n between_o king_n atheas_n and_o philip_n concern_v the_o adopt_v of_o philip_n to_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o scythia_n jugurtha_n though_o a_o bastard_n jugurth_n sallust_n bell_n jugurth_n yet_o succeed_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o numidia_n by_o adoption_n the_o like_a we_o read_v of_o those_o kingdom_n which_o the_o goth_n and_o lombard_n conquer_v that_o the_o succession_n often_o pass_v by_o adoption_n nay_o longob_n paul_n diac._n l._n 6._o the_o gest_n longob_n the_o succession_n to_o the_o kingdom_n shall_v pass_v to_o the_o near_a of_o kin_n to_o he_o that_o last_o possess_v it_o though_o he_o be_v nothing_o of_o kin_n to_o the_o first_o king_n if_o any_o such_o succession_n be_v in_o force_n in_o those_o place_n thus_o do_v mithridates_n in_o justine_n plead_v that_o paphlagonia_n become_v his_o father_n inheritance_n by_o the_o death_n of_o all_o its_o domestic_a king_n xiii_o in_o kingdom_n that_o be_v indivisible_a the_o elder_a succeed_v but_o in_o case_n express_v caution_n be_v give_v that_o the_o kingdom_n shall_v not_o be_v divide_v and_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o express_v who_o shall_v succeed_v than_o the_o elder_a whether_o son_n or_o daughter_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o kingdom_n so_o say_v nicetas_n coniates_n nature_n indeed_o observe_v she_o own_o order_n give_v the_o great_a honour_n to_o the_o first-born_a but_o god_n have_v a_o prerogative_n above_o nature_n and_o act_v not_o always_o by_o her_o order_n and_o speak_v of_o isaacius_n he_o say_v that_o by_o his_o birthright_n the_o succession_n to_o the_o kingdom_n be_v he_o the_o like_a be_v say_v of_o hircanus_n in_o josephus_n in_o the_o talmud_n under_o the_o title_n of_o king_n we_o read_v that_o he_o that_o have_v the_o best_a title_n to_o a_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n have_v also_o the_o best_a title_n to_o the_o possession_n of_o a_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o the_o elder_a son_n be_v always_o prefer_v before_o the_o young_a herodotus_n make_v it_o the_o custom_n of_o all_o nation_n for_o the_o elder_a son_n to_o succeed_v in_o his_o father_n throne_n and_o in_o another_o place_n he_o term_v it_o the_o law_n of_o kingdom_n livy_n make_v mention_n of_o two_o brethren_n allobrogi_n contend_v for_o a_o kingdom_n whereof_o the_o young_a have_v the_o worst_a title_n but_o the_o great_a power_n of_o all_o darius_n his_o son_n artabazanes_n be_v the_o first-born_a claim_v the_o kingdom_n as_o his_o birthright_n quod_fw-la jus_fw-la &_o ordo_fw-la nascendi_fw-la &_o natura_fw-la ipsa_fw-la gentibus_fw-la dedit_fw-la which_o right_o say_v justine_n both_o the_o order_n of_o birth_n 2._o lib._n 2._o and_o nature_n itself_o have_v give_v to_o nation_n which_o in_o another_o place_n he_o call_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n 40._o lib._n 40._o as_o livy_n also_o say_v it_o be_v a_o privilege_n due_a by_o the_o order_n both_o of_o age_n and_o nature_n yet_o must_v this_o be_v understand_v with_o this_o restriction_n unless_o the_o father_n by_o his_o testament_n do_v otherwise_o dispose_v of_o the_o succession_n as_o ptolemy_n in_o justin_n do_v his_o kingdom_n to_o his_o young_a son_n but_o yet_o he_o that_o shall_v thus_o succeed_v be_v bind_v to_o gratify_v his_o brethren_n for_o their_o share_n with_o all_o respect_n and_o honour_n if_o and_o as_o far_o forth_o as_o he_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o do_v it_o fourteen_o a_o kingdom_n by_o the_o people_n consent_n hereditary_a if_o in_o doubt_n be_v presume_v to_o be_v indivisible_a but_o those_o kingdom_n that_o by_o the_o people_n free_a consent_n be_v make_v hereditary_a may_v by_o guess_v at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o people_n be_v transfer_v now_o because_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v presume_v that_o the_o people_n will_v give_v their_o consent_n to_o that_o which_o be_v most_o expedient_a therefore_o in_o the_o first_o place_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o unless_o some_o law_n or_o custom_n do_v otherwise_o determine_v as_o in_o many_o it_o have_v and_o may_v do_v the_o kingdom_n shall_v stand_v entire_a and_o undivided_a because_o while_o so_o it_o will_v be_v the_o better_a able_a both_o to_o defend_v itself_o and_o to_o conserve_v the_o people_n in_o peace_n and_o unity_n divide_v lib._n 21._o a_o kingdom_n unite_a be_v strong_a than_o when_o divide_v of_o this_o opinion_n be_v justin_n firmius_n futurum_fw-la esse_fw-la regnum_fw-la si_fw-la penes_fw-la unum_fw-la remansisset_fw-la quam_fw-la si_fw-la portionibus_fw-la inter_fw-la filios_fw-la divideretur_fw-la arbitrabantur_fw-la they_o judge_v that_o the_o empire_n will_v be_v more_o firm_a be_v entire_o possess_v by_o one_o than_o it_o can_v possible_o be_v if_o divide_v among_o many_o son_n xv._o the_o succession_n not_o to_o last_v beyond_o the_o line_n of_o the_o first_o king_n again_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o people_n consent_n be_v easy_o gain_v to_o what_o shall_v be_v most_o expedient_a it_o will_v in_o the_o next_o place_n follow_v that_o the_o succession_n shall_v descend_v from_o the_o first_o king_n in_o a_o right_a line_n because_o that_o family_n be_v then_o electeed_o as_o be_v think_v the_o most_o noble_a which_o family_n be_v extinct_a the_o kingdom_n do_v return_v back_o to_o the_o people_n thus_o curtius_n advise_v 8._o advise_v lib._n 8._o that_o the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v strong_o fix_v to_o one_o royal_a family_n which_o ought_v to_o claim_v by_o a_o hereditary_a right_n for_o the_o people_n be_v so_o accustom_v will_v not_o only_o reverence_v his_o person_n but_o will_v have_v the_o very_a name_n of_o their_o king_n in_o great_a esteem_n and_o therefore_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o usurp_v that_o dignity_n but_o he_o that_o be_v bear_v unto_o it_o xvi_o natural_a issue_n not_o concern_v in_o it_o three_o it_o will_v thence_o likewise_o follow_v that_o none_o shall_v be_v admit_v to_o succeed_v in_o the_o royal_a throne_n but_o he_o that_o be_v bear_v legitimate_a not_o the_o natural_a son_n because_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o be_v reproach_v to_o who_o mother_n the_o father_n do_v never_o vouchsafe_v the_o honour_n of_o marriage_n and_o therefore_o of_o such_o there_o can_v be_v no_o certainty_n who_o be_v the_o father_n but_o in_o the_o succession_n to_o crown_n the_o people_n ought_v to_o have_v the_o great_a assurance_n that_o in_o such_o a_o case_n can_v be_v give_v to_o avoid_v controversy_n for_o which_o cause_n it_o be_v that_o the_o macedonian_n prefer_v demetrius_n the_o young_a son_n to_o the_o throne_n rather_o than_o perseus_n the_o elder_a because_o he_o be_v bear_v in_o lawful_a wedlock_n not_o son_n by_o adoption_n because_o the_o people_n be_v apt_a to_o conceive_v great_a hope_n and_o to_o have_v their_o king_n in_o great_a esteem_n and_o veneration_n when_o they_o know_v they_o to_o be_v descend_v from_o a_o royal_a stock_n est_fw-la in_o juvencis_fw-la est_fw-la in_o equis_fw-la patrum_fw-la virtus_fw-la in_o horse_n and_o ox_n we_o may_v descry_v the_o syre_n generosity_n xvii_o males_n prefer_v before_o female_n in_o the_o same_o degree_n four_o that_o of_o those_o that_o have_v equal_a title_n to_o the_o inheritance_n either_o as_o be_v in_o the_o same_o degree_n or_o as_o succeed_v to_o their_o parent_n who_o be_v in_o the_o same_o degree_n the_o male_a issue_n be_v prefer_v before_o the_o female_a because_o man_n be_v fit_a for_o war_n and_o to_o administer_v other_o regal_a duty_n than_o woman_n can_v be_v xviii_o the_o elder_a before_o the_o young_a five_o that_o of_o son_n or_o of_o daughter_n if_o there_o be_v no_o son_n the_o elder_a be_v prefer_v before_o the_o young_a because_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v believe_v that_o as_o he_o be_v of_o more_o year_n so_o he_o either_o than_o be_v or_o may_v soon_o arrive_v to_o be_v of_o sound_a judgement_n than_o the_o young_a so_o cyrus_n in_o xenophon_n imperium_fw-la relinquo_fw-la majori_fw-la natu_fw-la i_o bequeath_v my_o kingdom_n to_o my_o elder_a son_n as_o be_v of_o most_o experience_n and_o consequent_o best_o know_v how_o to_o govern_v and_o because_o our_o green_a year_n will_v soon_o ripen_v than_o our_o sex_n change_v therefore_o the_o prerogative_n of_o our_o sex_n be_v much_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o privilege_n of_o our_o age._n wherefore_o herodotus_n where_o he_o tell_v we_o 7._o lib._n 7._o that_o persis_n the_o son_n of_o andromede_n the_o sister_n of_o cepheus_n do_v succeed_v cepheus_n in_o his_o kingdom_n give_v this_o as_o the_o reason_n because_o
of_o their_o promise_n not_o only_o among_o the_o roman_n but_o among_o the_o grecian_n and_o against_o some_o they_o introduce_v the_o benefit_n of_o restitution_n but_o these_o be_v the_o peculiar_a effect_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o do_v no_o whit_n appertain_v to_o the_o law_n either_o of_o nature_n or_o nation_n except_o only_o in_o this_o that_o where_o they_o be_v receive_v it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o nature_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v observe_v insomuch_o that_o if_o a_o foreigner_n shall_v contract_v with_o a_o citizen_n he_o shall_v be_v bind_v up_o by_o the_o law_n of_o that_o city_n as_o if_o he_o be_v for_o that_o time_n a_o subject_a of_o that_o nation_n but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o in_o case_n such_o a_o contract_n be_v make_v either_o on_o the_o sea_n or_o in_o some_o desert_a island_n or_o by_o letter_n between_o two_o person_n inhabit_v diverse_a nation_n for_o then_o such_o agreement_n shall_v be_v regulate_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n only_o as_o be_v the_o agreement_n make_v between_o such_o as_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o supreme_a power_n as_o they_o be_v such_o for_o in_o these_o what_o they_o do_v private_o may_v by_o their_o law_n be_v make_v void_a when_o it_o be_v do_v in_o favour_n to_o those_o power_n but_o not_o when_o do_v to_o their_o punishment_n vi_o a_o promise_v make_v through_o error_n how_o far_o natural_o it_o oblige_v concern_v a_o promise_n make_v by_o a_o error_n or_o mistake_n in_o the_o person_n promise_v the_o question_n be_v yet_o more_o difficult_a for_o we_o be_v to_o distinguish_v between_o that_o error_n which_o be_v about_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o thing_n promise_v and_o that_o which_o concern_v not_o the_o substance_n and_o then_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v whether_o the_o fraud_n give_v occasion_n to_o the_o promise_n or_o not_o again_o whether_o he_o with_o who_o we_o have_v to_o do_v be_v guilty_a of_o the_o fraud_n or_o not_o and_o last_o whether_o the_o act_n be_v strict_o due_a or_o bind_v only_o in_o honesty_n and_o conscience_n for_o the_o opinion_n of_o lawyer_n do_v vary_v according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o these_o case_n declare_v some_o act_n to_o be_v void_a and_o other_o valid_a but_o so_o that_o according_a to_o his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n that_o be_v injure_v the_o promise_n may_v be_v either_o revoke_v or_o reform_v but_o most_o of_o these_o distinction_n proceed_v from_o the_o roman_a law_n as_o well_o from_o the_o old_a civil_a law_n as_o from_o the_o praetorian_a and_o some_o of_o they_o be_v either_o not_o altogether_o true_a or_o not_o well_o digest_v but_o yet_o it_o suffice_v to_o chalk_v out_o a_o way_n for_o we_o to_o find_v out_o the_o natural_a truth_n for_o as_o concern_v the_o force_n and_o efficacy_n of_o law_n this_o have_v ever_o be_v allow_v of_o by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o almost_o all_o nation_n that_o when_o a_o law_n be_v enact_v upon_o the_o presumption_n of_o such_o a_o fact_n as_o be_v not_o real_o so_o do_v as_o be_v suggest_v and_o believe_v that_o law_n be_v not_o oblige_v because_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o fact_n fail_v the_o foundation_n of_o that_o law_n fail_v with_o it_o but_o when_o a_o law_n be_v ground_v upon_o such_o a_o presumption_n may_v be_v gather_v from_o the_o matter_n of_o that_o law_n from_o the_o word_n and_o from_o other_o circumstance_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v in_o this_o case_n if_o a_o promise_v be_v make_v upon_o the_o belief_n of_o such_o a_o fact_n as_o indeed_o never_o be_v do_v that_o promise_v natural_o be_v of_o no_o force_n because_o the_o promiser_n do_v not_o give_v his_o consent_n absolute_o to_o the_o thing_n promise_v but_o upon_o such_o a_o condition_n if_o not_o express_v yet_o presume_v as_o real_o be_v not_o as_o in_o that_o case_n mention_v by_o cicero_n of_o he_o who_o false_o believe_v his_o own_o son_n to_o be_v dead_a appoint_v a_o stranger_n to_o be_v his_o heir_n and_o yet_o in_o case_n the_o promiser_n be_v neglective_a either_o in_o his_o diligence_n to_o examine_v and_o search_v out_o the_o truth_n of_o his_o son_n death_n or_o in_o his_o care_n of_o express_v his_o own_o sense_n and_o do_v thereby_o occasion_n any_o damage_n to_o the_o person_n to_o who_o he_o make_v that_o promise_n he_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o repair_v it_o not_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o his_o promise_n make_v but_o for_o the_o damage_n which_o through_o his_o neglect_n be_v sustain_v by_o he_o to_o who_o it_o be_v make_v whereof_o we_o shall_v speak_v more_o anon_o but_o if_o there_o be_v a_o error_n or_o mistake_n in_o the_o person_n promise_v and_o yet_o that_o error_n be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o promise_v make_v the_o act_n shall_v be_v valid_a because_o there_o be_v nothing_o want_v of_o a_o true_a consent_n but_o if_o in_o this_o case_n also_o the_o person_n to_o who_o the_o promise_n be_v make_v do_v by_o any_o fraud_n of_o he_o direct_o or_o indirect_o occasion_n that_o error_n what_o damage_n soever_o shall_v accrue_v to_o the_o promiser_n by_o reason_n of_o that_o error_n shall_v be_v by_o he_o repair_v but_o if_o the_o promise_n be_v but_o in_o part_n occasion_v by_o a_o error_n then_o as_o to_o the_o other_o part_n the_o promise_n shall_v stand_v good_a vii_o a_o promise_v make_v through_o fear_n oblige_v concern_v those_o promise_n that_o be_v make_v through_o fear_n question_n do_v arise_v no_o less_o perpiext_n for_o herein_o they_o do_v usual_o distinguish_v of_o fear_n which_o be_v either_o great_a and_o vehement_a or_o light_n and_o slender_a if_o great_a than_o they_o consider_v whether_o it_o be_v so_o absolute_o or_o in_o respect_n only_o of_o the_o person_n fear_v then_o whether_o it_o be_v occasion_v just_o or_o unjust_o and_o whether_o by_o he_o to_o who_o the_o promise_n be_v make_v or_o by_o some_o other_o as_o also_o they_o distinguish_v of_o the_o act_n whether_o free_a and_o generous_a or_o grievous_a and_o burdensome_a and_o according_a to_o this_o diversity_n be_v some_o act_n say_v to_o be_v void_a other_o revocable_a at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o promiser_n and_o other_o to_o be_v whole_o renew_v concern_v every_o one_o of_o these_o case_n there_o be_v great_a difference_n in_o opinion_n but_o i_o do_v whole_o incline_v to_o those_o who_o hold_v that_o set_v aside_o that_o authority_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o sometime_o take_v away_o and_o sometime_o moderate_v the_o bind_a power_n of_o such_o promise_n he_o that_o promise_v any_o thing_n through_o fear_n be_v oblige_v to_o perform_v what_o he_o have_v so_o promise_v because_o the_o consent_n he_o give_v be_v not_o conditional_a as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o error_n but_o absolute_a for_o as_o aristotle_n well_o observe_v he_o that_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v shipwrack_v throw_v his_o good_n overboard_o 3._o eth._n nic._n 3._o will_v willing_o preserve_v they_o on_o condition_n that_o he_o may_v not_o be_v wreck_v but_o upon_o a_o serious_a consideration_n of_o the_o present_a danger_n he_o be_v in_o he_o absolute_o resolve_v that_o his_o good_n rather_o than_o himself_o shall_v perish_v but_o yet_o we_o must_v also_o crave_v this_o allowance_n that_o if_o he_o to_o who_o the_o promise_n be_v make_v do_v occasion_n not_o a_o just_a but_o a_o unjust_a fear_n though_o but_o slight_a and_o that_o thereupon_o the_o promise_n be_v so_o make_v he_o be_v bind_v to_o discharge_v the_o promiser_n if_o he_o desire_v it_o not_o that_o the_o promise_n be_v in_o itself_o void_a but_o for_o the_o damage_n that_o he_o sustain_v who_o make_v it_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o injury_n do_v he_o 1._o see_v chap._n 17.6.19_o and_o p._n 3._o ch_n 19_o §._o 1._o but_o what_o exception_n the_o law_n of_o nation_n admit_v herein_o shall_v in_o its_o proper_a place_n be_v hereafter_o explain_v but_o that_o some_o act_n be_v rescind_v which_o be_v make_v through_o fear_n be_v occasion_v not_o by_o he_o with_o who_o we_o have_v to_o do_v but_o by_o another_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o do_v often_o either_o null_a or_o revoke_v act_n though_o free_o do_v if_o they_o that_o do_v they_o be_v of_o weak_a judgement_n seneca_n argue_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n when_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o whatsoever_o either_o force_n or_o fear_n or_o necessity_n make_v we_o to_o grant_v 26._o lib._n 4._o cont_n 26._o may_v be_v revoke_v if_o that_o force_n or_o necessity_n be_v impose_v on_o we_o by_o he_o to_o who_o the_o grant_n be_v make_v but_o what_o say_v he_o be_v that_o to_o i_o what_o thou_o be_v compel_v or_o necessitate_v to_o do_v if_o not_o by_o i_o meam_fw-la culpam_fw-la oportet_fw-la esse_fw-la ut_fw-la mea_fw-la poena_fw-la sit_fw-la it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o fault_n shall_v be_v my_o own_o
or_o against_o service_n and_o money_n so_o that_o they_o may_v answer_v one_o another_o as_o it_o be_v usual_o say_v par_fw-fr pari_fw-la datum_fw-la hostimentum_fw-la est_fw-la opera_fw-la pro_fw-la pecunia_fw-la to_o give_v like_a for_o like_v be_v to_o even_o the_o scale_n but_o this_o may_v be_v do_v diverse_a way_n for_o either_o service_n may_v counterbalance_v the_o bare_a use_n of_o money_n in_o which_o case_n the_o principal_a stock_n whether_o preserve_v or_o lose_v be_v entire_o his_o gain_n or_o loss_n that_o own_v it_o or_o the_o work_n or_o service_n may_v counterbalance_v the_o whole_a stock_n of_o money_n in_o which_o case_n he_o that_o do_v the_o work_n be_v partaker_n of_o the_o whole_a stock_n in_o the_o former_a of_o these_o case_n the_o work_n be_v set_v against_o not_o the_o stock_n but_o the_o danger_n of_o lose_v it_o or_o the_o gain_n that_o probable_o may_v be_v expect_v from_o it_o in_o the_o latter_a case_n the_o price_n of_o the_o labour_n be_v add_v unto_o the_o stock_n of_o money_n and_o he_o that_o perform_v it_o shall_v have_v a_o share_n in_o the_o stock_n equivalent_a to_o it_o but_o that_o either_o of_o the_o party_n associate_v shall_v share_v in_o the_o profit_n and_o yet_o be_v indemnify_v in_o case_n of_o loss_n be_v preternatural_a to_o society_n yet_o such_o a_o agreement_n there_o may_v be_v without_o injury_n as_o when_o there_o be_v a_o mix_a contract_n partly_o by_o the_o society_n and_o partly_o for_o insurance_n wherein_o such_o a_o equality_n may_v be_v observe_v as_o that_o he_o that_o assume_v to_o make_v good_a the_o loss_n shall_v receive_v a_o great_a proportion_n of_o the_o gain_n than_o otherwise_o he_o shall_v have_v have_v but_o that_o any_o man_n shall_v bear_v the_o loss_n that_o partake_v not_o of_o the_o gain_n be_v inconsistent_a with_o a_o society_n who_o principal_a end_n be_v common_a profit_n without_o which_o it_o can_v consist_v now_o whereas_o the_o lawyer_n say_v that_o where_o the_o proportion_n be_v not_o express_o name_v they_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v as_o if_o they_o be_v equal_a this_o hold_v true_a only_a where_o other_o thing_n contribute_v be_v also_o equal_a xxv_o of_o naval_a society_n where_o a_o fleet_n be_v send_v out_o by_o the_o joint_a stock_n of_o a_o society_n against_o pirate_n there_o the_o common_a profit_n be_v the_o common_a defence_n and_o sometime_o the_o prize_n take_v from_o the_o enemy_n and_o then_o the_o ship_n and_o all_o that_o be_v in_o the_o ship_n be_v to_o be_v apprize_v and_o draw_v into_o one_o gross_a sum_n out_o of_o which_o all_o charge_n and_o damage_n be_v to_o be_v deduct_v and_o bear_v by_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o good_n according_a to_o the_o part_n they_o have_v in_o that_o sum_n and_o among_o those_o charge_n that_o of_o the_o wound_a be_v to_o be_v reckon_v and_o what_o we_o have_v hitherto_o say_v we_o judge_v to_o be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n xxvi_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n take_v no_o notice_n of_o inequality_n if_o consent_v unto_o neither_o do_v the_o voluntary_a law_n of_o nation_n alter_v any_o thing_n of_o it_o except_o only_o in_o this_o that_o where_o the_o contribution_n be_v unequal_a yet_o consent_v unto_o if_o no_o lie_n be_v in_o the_o case_n nor_o any_o thing_n conceal_v which_o shall_v have_v be_v declare_v in_o all_o external_a action_n they_o shall_v be_v hold_v as_o equal_v so_o that_o as_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n before_o that_o constitution_n make_v by_o dioclesian_n no_o action_n will_v be_v admit_v of_o in_o a_o court_n against_o such_o a_o inequality_n so_o now_o by_o those_o that_o be_v consociate_v by_o the_o sole_a law_n of_o nation_n no_o exaction_n or_o constraint_n can_v be_v admit_v for_o that_o cause_n of_o this_o opinion_n be_v pomponius_n that_o natural_o in_o buy_v and_o sell_v it_o be_v lawful_a for_o one_o man_n to_o circumvent_v another_o where_o the_o word_n licitum_fw-la be_v not_o the_o same_o with_o fas_fw-la but_o it_o be_v so_o permit_v natural_a and_o how_o this_o be_v say_v to_o be_v natural_a that_o there_o be_v no_o remedy_n provide_v against_o it_o for_o he_o that_o be_v willing_a to_o justify_v he_o by_o his_o agreement_n in_o which_o sense_n that_o be_v term_v natural_a in_o this_o and_o some_o other_o place_n which_o be_v every_o where_o customary_o receive_v in_o which_o sense_n st._n paul_n say_v that_o some_o man_n be_v natural_o vain_a 11.14.13.1_o 1_o cor._n 11.14.13.1_o and_o that_o it_o be_v against_o nature_n that_o a_o man_n shall_v nourish_v his_o hair_n when_o it_o be_v only_o against_o custom_n and_o that_o not_o of_o all_o but_o of_o those_o nation_n wherein_o he_o have_v live_v so_o the_o same_o apostle_n speak_v not_o in_o his_o own_o but_o in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o roman_n with_o who_o he_o converse_v say_v 2.3_o eph._n 2.3_o that_o they_o be_v by_o nature_n the_o son_n of_o wrath_n so_o that_o nature_n be_v nothing_o but_o custom_n or_o that_o which_o have_v be_v of_o long_a continuance_n in_o which_o sense_n galen_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d where_o he_o say_v that_o custom_n be_v a_o acquire_v or_o adventitious_a nature_n so_o likewise_o thucydides_n humana_fw-la natura_fw-la legum_n victrix_fw-la humane_a nature_n can_v be_v bind_v up_o by_o any_o law_n so_o the_o grecian_n call_v both_o virtue_n and_o vice_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d when_o by_o long_a custom_n they_o be_v make_v natural_a unto_o we_o now_o how_o great_a the_o advantage_n of_o such_o a_o law_n if_o introduce_v will_v be_v to_o the_o general_n peace_n be_v evident_a for_o it_o will_v prevent_v infinite_a contest_v which_o will_v arise_v concern_v the_o uncertain_a prize_n of_o commodity_n which_o can_v not_o possible_o be_v determine_v or_o avoid_v where_o there_o be_v no_o common_a judge_n if_o every_o man_n may_v break_v off_o from_o his_o agreement_n upon_o pretence_n of_o such_o a_o inequality_n haec_fw-la est_fw-la emptionis_fw-la &_o venditionis_fw-la substantia_fw-la say_v the_o roman_a emperor_n call_v a_o perpetual_a custom_n by_o the_o name_n of_o substance_n this_o be_v the_o perpetual_a manner_n of_o buy_v and_o sell_v the_o buyer_n beat_v the_o price_n as_o low_a as_o he_o can_v and_o the_o seller_n draw_v up_o the_o buyer_n as_o high_a as_o he_o can_v till_o at_o length_n they_o agree_v in_o a_o equal_a and_o just_a value_n and_o seneca_n respect_v this_o very_a custom_n say_v what_o matter_n be_v it_o what_o any_o thing_n cost_n if_o the_o buyer_n and_o seller_n be_v agree_v about_o the_o price_n he_o owe_v nothing_o to_o the_o seller_n that_o get_v a_o good_a bargain_n and_o much_o after_o the_o same_o copy_n write_v andronicus_n rhodius_n that_o which_o by_o the_o mutual_a consent_n of_o the_o contractor_n be_v gain_v be_v neither_o unjust_a nor_o shall_v it_o be_v amend_v for_o the_o law_n do_v indulge_v a_o licence_n in_o these_o thing_n and_o he_o that_o write_v the_o life_n of_o isidore_n call_v the_o sell_v of_o any_o thing_n at_o too_o dear_a a_o rate_n or_o the_o buy_n of_o any_o thing_n at_o too_o cheap_a a_o rate_n a_o injustice_n tolerate_v by_o the_o law_n harum_fw-la rerum_fw-la licentiam_fw-la lex_fw-la dedit_fw-la say_v andronicus_n rhodius_n the_o law_n give_v a_o licence_n in_o these_o thing_n but_o yet_o such_o a_o permission_n it_o be_v as_o will_v at_o length_n undermine_v and_o easy_o pervert_v justice_n chap._n xiii_o concern_v oath_n i._o the_o great_a authority_n give_v unto_o oath_n by_o the_o heathen_n ii_o great_a deliberation_n require_v in_o he_o that_o will_v take_v a_o oath_n iii_o oath_n oblige_v in_o that_o sense_n which_o he_o to_o who_o they_o be_v make_v be_v think_v to_o understand_v they_o iv_o a_o oath_n procure_v by_o fraud_n when_o bind_v v._o the_o word_n of_o a_o oath_n not_o to_o be_v wrest_v beyond_o their_o ordinary_a sense_n vi_o a_o oath_n bind_v not_o to_o thing_n unlawful_a vii_o nor_o to_o thing_n that_o impede_fw-la a_o great_a moral_n good_a viii_o nor_o to_o thing_n impossible_a ix_o what_o if_o the_o impossibility_n be_v but_o for_o some_o certain_a time_n x._o to_o be_v swear_v by_o the_o name_n of_o god_n and_o in_o what_o sense_n xi_o by_o other_o thing_n in_o respect_n to_o god_n xii_o it_o be_v a_o oath_n though_o it_o be_v swear_v by_o false_a go_n xiii_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o oath_n whence_o arise_v a_o twofold_a obligation_n one_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o take_n of_o it_o and_z another_z after_z this_o explain_v fourteen_o when_o by_o a_o oath_n a_o right_n be_v gain_v to_o god_n and_o man_n and_o when_o to_o god_n only_o xv._o the_o opinion_n that_o a_o oath_n give_v to_o a_o pirate_n or_o a_o tyrant_n bind_v not_o before_o god_n refute_v xvi_o whether_o a_o
void_a now_o these_o thing_n do_v natural_o attend_v any_o oath_n whereby_o we_o may_v easy_o judge_v of_o the_o oath_n of_o king_n and_o of_o foreigner_n one_o to_o the_o other_o when_o the_o act_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o the_o law_n or_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n xx._n how_o far_o the_o prince_n power_n prevail_v over_o his_o subject_n oath_n now_o let_v we_o see_v what_o power_n our_o superior_n namely_o king_n prince_n master_n and_o husband_n have_v in_o thing_n that_o concern_v they_o in_o their_o respective_a right_n over_o their_o several_a relation_n and_o first_o we_o must_v know_v that_o the_o act_n of_o our_o superior_n can_v make_v a_o oath_n that_o be_v true_o obligatory_a void_a so_o that_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v fulfil_v for_o this_o will_v be_v repugnant_a both_o to_o natural_a and_o divine_a right_n but_o because_o all_o our_o action_n be_v not_o full_o in_o our_o own_o power_n but_o so_o as_o they_o have_v some_o dependence_n on_o our_o superior_n therefore_o we_o grant_v that_o our_o superior_n have_v a_o twofold_a power_n over_o we_o concern_v that_o which_o be_v swear_v the_o one_o direct_v upon_o the_o person_n swear_v the_o other_o upon_o the_o person_n to_o who_o he_o swear_v the_o act_n of_o our_o superior_n may_v restrain_v the_o person_n swear_v either_o before_o he_o swear_v make_v such_o a_o oath_n void_a so_o far_o as_o the_o right_n of_o a_o inferior_a be_v subject_a to_o the_o power_n of_o his_o superior_a or_o after_o he_o have_v swear_v by_o forbid_v the_o performance_n of_o it_o for_o a_o inferior_a as_o such_o can_v not_o bind_v himself_o without_o the_o approbation_n of_o his_o superior_a beyond_o which_o he_o have_v no_o power_n and_o after_o this_o manner_n by_o the_o jewish_a law_n the_o husband_n have_v power_n to_o null_a the_o vow_n of_o his_o wife_n so_o have_v the_o father_n the_o vow_n of_o his_o child_n so_o long_o as_o they_o be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o his_o government_n seneca_n start_v this_o question_n what_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o law_n enact_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v do_v that_o which_o i_o have_v promise_v my_o friend_n to_o do_v for_o he_o which_o he_o thus_o resolve_v eadem_fw-la lex_fw-la i_o defendit_fw-la quae_fw-la vetat_fw-la the_o same_o law_n defend_v i_o that_o forbid_v i_o there_o be_v also_o some_o mix_a act_n between_o both_o as_o when_o the_o superior_a do_v appoint_v that_o his_o inferior_a shall_v bind_v himself_o by_o oath_n in_o this_o or_o that_o case_n namely_o through_o fear_n or_o want_v of_o judgement_n but_o with_o this_o limitation_n that_o the_o oath_n shall_v bind_v if_o his_o superior_a shall_v approve_v thereof_o and_o upon_o this_o foundation_n be_v build_v all_o dispensation_n and_o absolution_n from_o oath_n which_o prince_n in_o former_a time_n do_v exercise_n by_o themselves_o 35._o cap._n 35._o as_o suetonius_n testify_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o tiberius_n and_o vasquius_fw-la record_n to_o have_v be_v long_o use_v in_o spain_n which_o power_n they_o now_o remit_v that_o it_o may_v be_v with_o more_o piety_n execute_v unto_o the_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n ancient_o the_o power_n to_o absolve_v from_o oath_n in_o who_o ancient_o so_o the_o act_n of_o a_o superior_a may_v be_v direct_v against_o the_o person_n to_o who_o it_o be_v swear_v either_o by_o take_v away_o that_o right_n which_o by_o that_o oath_n he_o have_v gain_v or_o if_o as_o yet_o he_o have_v no_o right_a by_o forbid_v he_o from_o claim_v any_o right_n by_o virtue_n of_o that_o oath_n and_o this_o he_o may_v do_v two_o way_n either_o by_o way_n of_o punishment_n or_o for_o a_o more_o public_a good_a by_o virtue_n of_o his_o sovereign_a power_n and_o from_o hence_o we_o may_v learn_v what_o power_n prince_n have_v over_o their_o subject_n oath_n where_o he_o that_o swear_v and_o he_o to_o who_o it_o be_v swear_v be_v of_o several_a nation_n but_o he_o that_o upon_o his_o oath_n have_v promise_v any_o thing_n to_o a_o nocent_a person_n as_o to_o a_o thief_n or_o to_o a_o pirate_n as_o such_o can_v by_o way_n of_o punishment_n take_v away_o from_o he_o that_o right_o he_o have_v give_v he_o for_o then_o the_o word_n of_o his_o promise_n or_o of_o his_o oath_n shall_v have_v no_o effect_n at_o all_o which_o inconvenience_n be_v to_o be_v avoid_v for_o the_o like_a cause_n the_o right_a of_o that_o which_o be_v promise_v can_v be_v compensated_a with_o the_o right_n of_o that_o which_o be_v before_o controvert_v in_o case_n the_o agreement_n be_v make_v after_o that_o controversy_n begin_v yet_o may_v a_o humane_a law_n remove_v that_o impediment_n which_o it_o have_v put_v in_o act_n of_o some_o certain_a kind_n in_o case_n a_o oath_n either_o of_o what_o kind_n soever_o or_o in_o some_o certain_a form_n be_v add_v as_o the_o roman_a law_n have_v do_v in_o such_o impediment_n as_o respect_v not_o the_o public_a direct_o but_o the_o private_a benefit_n of_o he_o that_o swear_v which_o if_o it_o may_v be_v do_v the_o act_n swear_v shall_v stand_v in_o force_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o natural_o it_o will_v if_o such_o a_o humane_a law_n be_v not_o either_o in_o oblige_v hiâ—_n faith_n only_o or_o in_o give_v also_o a_o right_n to_o another_o according_a to_o the_o diverse_a nature_n of_o act_n which_o we_o have_v already_o elsewhere_o handle_v xxi_o what_o manner_n of_o oath_n christ_n forbid_v and_o here_o by_o the_o way_n we_o must_v observe_v that_o what_o be_v say_v in_o the_o precept_n of_o christ_n and_o by_o st._n james_n concern_v our_o not_o swear_v at_o all_o do_v not_o proper_o belong_v to_o assertory_n oath_n whereof_o we_o have_v several_a example_n in_o st._n paul_n but_o unto_o such_o as_o be_v promissory_a for_o a_o time_n to_o come_v 11.7_o james_n 5.12_o rom._n 1.9.9.1_o 2_o cor._n 1.23.11.31_o phil._n 1.8_o 1_o thes_n 11.9_o 1_o tim._n 11.7_o which_o be_v uncertain_a and_o this_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o opposition_n in_o the_o very_a word_n of_o christ_n you_o have_v hear_v it_o say_v to_o they_o of_o old_a thou_o shall_v not_o forswear_v but_o thou_o shall_v pay_v thy_o vow_n unto_o the_o lord_n but_o i_o say_v unto_o you_o swear_v not_o at_o all_o and_o by_o the_o reason_n that_o be_v add_v by_o st._n james_n that_o you_o be_v not_o find_v to_o be_v deceiver_n for_o so_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sound_v among_o the_o greek_n as_o will_v appear_v by_o job_n 34.30_o and_o mat._n 24.57_o the_o same_o may_v easy_o be_v evince_v by_o our_o saviour_n subsequent_a word_n let_v your_o speech_n be_v yea_o yea_o nay_o nay_o which_o st._n james_n thus_o expound_v let_v your_o yea_o be_v yea_o and_o your_o nay_o be_v nay_o which_o be_v a_o plain_a figure_n which_o the_o rhethorician_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o former_a yea_o signify_v the_o promise_n make_v the_o latter_a yea_o the_o fulfil_n of_o that_o promise_n for_o this_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n yea_o be_v a_o adverb_n of_o yield_v grant_v or_o promise_v and_o be_v express_v by_o amen_o apoc._n 1.7_o the_o roman_a lawyer_n express_v it_o by_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o quidni_fw-la which_o be_v a_o affirm_v or_o a_o assent_v to_o that_o which_o be_v ask_v of_o we_o it_o be_v use_v for_o the_o fulfil_n of_o a_o promise_n by_o st._n paul_n 2_o cor._n 1.20_o where_o he_o say_v that_o all_o the_o promise_n of_o god_n in_o christ_n be_v yea_o and_o amen_n hence_o arise_v that_o old_a heb._n adage_n a_o honest_a man_n yea_o be_v yea_o and_o his_o no_n be_v no_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a he_o who_o word_n and_o deed_n do_v not_o accord_v be_v by_o they_o say_v to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sometime_o off_o and_o sometime_o on_o as_o 2_o cor._n 1.18_o 19_o 19_o 2_o cor._n 1.18_o 19_o that_o be_v their_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o their_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d their_o yea_o be_v not_o and_z their_z no_z be_v yea_o the_o meaning_n whereof_o be_v that_o they_o be_v inconstant_a unsettle_a always_o change_v so_o st._n paul_n himself_o expound_v it_o for_o when_o they_o charge_v he_o with_o levity_n he_o excuse_v himself_o say_v that_o his_o speech_n to_o they_o be_v not_o yea_o and_o no_o but_o as_o to_o himself_o it_o be_v always_o yea_o festus_n among_o the_o various_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n naucum_fw-la write_v thus_o some_o there_o be_v that_o think_v that_o it_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o so_o signify_v a_o waver_a man_n now_o if_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d yea_o and_o no_o signify_v lightness_n or_o inconstancy_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o yea_o yea_o and_o no_o no_o signify_v stayedness_n or_o constancy_n so_o
on_o be_v such_o as_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n may_v be_v revoke_v although_o the_o contract_n be_v agreeable_a to_o honesty_n and_o that_o a_o king_n be_v not_o therefore_o bind_v because_o he_o have_v swear_v but_o as_o every_o man_n may_v be_v bind_v by_o such_o just_a covenant_n so_o far_o as_o it_o concern_v the_o other_o party_n but_o we_o as_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o distinguish_v so_o do_v we_o here_o between_o the_o act_n of_o king_n which_o they_o do_v as_o king_n and_o the_o private_a act_n of_o the_o same_o king_n for_o what_o they_o do_v as_o king_n in_o their_o politic_a capacity_n be_v so_o esteem_v as_o do_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n but_o over_o such_o act_n as_o the_o law_n make_v by_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n can_v have_v no_o power_n because_o the_o community_n can_v be_v superior_a to_o itself_o so_o neither_o can_v the_o prerogative_n law_n of_o a_o king_n null_a his_o own_o public_a act_n because_o a_o king_n can_v be_v superior_a to_o himself_o wherefore_o restitution_n which_o receive_v its_o vigour_n from_o the_o civil_a law_n only_o be_v of_o no_o force_n against_o such_o contract_n neither_o be_v those_o contract_n to_o be_v exempt_v which_o king_n make_v in_o their_o minority_n ii_o to_o what_o act_n of_o king_n the_o law_n extend_v without_o all_o question_n if_o the_o people_n elect_v a_o king_n yet_o not_o with_o full_a and_o absolute_a right_n but_o restrain_v he_o with_o some_o law_n then_o what_o act_v he_o shall_v do_v contrary_a to_o those_o law_n may_v by_o those_o law_n be_v make_v null_n either_o altogether_o or_o in_o part_n because_o the_o people_n do_v reserve_v that_o right_n unto_o themselves_o but_o if_o the_o king_n do_v reign_v in_o full_a right_n i._n e._n not_o bound_v by_o any_o law_n yet_o hold_v not_o his_o kingdom_n in_o propriety_n i._n e._n have_v no_o power_n to_o alienate_v it_o or_o any_o part_n of_o it_o or_o of_o its_o revenue_n all_o such_o act_n of_o his_o that_o shall_v tend_v to_o such_o a_o alienation_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n void_a because_o what_o he_o so_o alienates_v be_v not_o his_o own_o but_o the_o private_a act_n of_o a_o king_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v not_o as_o the_o act_n of_o the_o community_n but_o as_o the_o act_n of_o a_o part_n and_o be_v therefore_o make_v with_o a_o purpose_n that_o they_o may_v follow_v the_o common_a rule_n of_o the_o law_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o even_o the_o law_n which_o make_v void_a some_o act_n either_o simple_o or_o if_o the_o person_n damnify_v will_n shall_v take_v place_n even_o here_o also_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v contract_v upon_o this_o condition_n so_o we_o have_v see_v some_o king_n who_o have_v consult_v the_o law_n for_o remedy_n against_o extortion_n yet_o may_v a_o king_n if_o he_o please_v exempt_v from_o those_o law_n his_o own_o act_n as_o well_o as_o other_o man_n but_o whether_o he_o will_v so_o do_v or_o not_o must_v be_v gather_v from_o circumstance_n if_o he_o do_v then_o shall_v the_o mere_a law_n of_o nature_n determine_v the_o case_n yet_o with_o this_o proviso_n that_o where_o the_o law_n do_v make_v void_a any_o private_a man_n act_n not_o in_o favour_n to_o the_o person_n act_v but_o as_o his_o punishment_n those_o law_n be_v of_o no_o force_n against_o the_o act_n of_o king_n nor_o indeed_o any_o other_o penal_a law_n nor_o any_o thing_n else_o that_o imply_v vim_o cogendi_fw-la a_o power_n coercive_a for_o to_o punish_v and_o to_o compel_v can_v proceed_v but_o from_o two_o different_a and_o distinct_a will_n and_o so_o from_o distinct_a person_n neither_o can_v the_o compeller_n and_o the_o compel_v be_v any_o one_o person_n though_o under_o diverse_a respect_n iii_o when_o king_n be_v bind_v by_o their_o oath_n and_o when_o not_o a_o king_n may_v make_v void_a his_o own_o oath_n as_o a_o private_a man_n antecedenter_n i._n e._n if_o by_o a_o former_a oath_n he_o have_v deprive_v himself_o of_o the_o power_n to_o oblige_v himself_o by_o oath_n to_o any_o such_o thing_n but_o consequent_o he_o can_v for_o herein_o also_o be_v require_v a_o distinction_n of_o person_n beside_o to_o every_o such_o absolution_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o in_o the_o very_a oath_n before_o take_v there_o shall_v have_v be_v this_o limitation_n or_o exception_n either_o express_v or_o imply_v nisi_fw-la superior_a voluerit_fw-la unless_o my_o prince_n command_v the_o contrary_a which_o in_o the_o oath_n of_o a_o king_n can_v be_v admit_v because_o this_o be_v to_o make_v a_o king_n superior_a to_o himself_o or_o to_o make_v his_o oath_n still_o to_o depend_v upon_o his_o own_o will_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o oath_n and_o whereas_o a_o oath_n though_o make_v may_v confer_v no_o right_n to_o another_o by_o reason_n of_o some_o default_n in_o that_o person_n yet_o be_v he_o that_o swear_v bind_v before_o god_n to_o make_v good_a what_o he_o have_v so_o promise_v as_o be_v before_o say_v and_o thus_o also_o be_v king_n bind_v by_o their_o oath_n which_o they_o make_v no_o less_o than_o private_a man_n though_o bodinus_fw-la think_v otherwise_o iv_o how_o far_o a_o king_n be_v bind_v by_o those_o promise_n which_o he_o make_v without_o cause_n we_o have_v likewise_o already_o show_v that_o full_a and_o absolute_a promise_n be_v accept_v of_o do_v natural_o transfer_v our_o right_n to_o another_o now_o this_o hold_v as_o well_o in_o king_n as_o in_o private_a man_n their_o opinion_n therefore_o be_v not_o to_o be_v admit_v who_o say_v that_o king_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o their_o promise_n which_o they_o make_v without_o good_a cause_n which_o notwithstanding_o may_v in_o some_o sense_n be_v true_a as_o we_o shall_v show_v anon_o v._o of_o what_o use_n that_o which_o have_v be_v say_v of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o law_n about_o the_o contract_n of_o king_n that_o the_o civil_a law_n of_o a_o kingdom_n have_v no_o power_n over_o the_o covenant_n and_o contract_n of_o a_o king_n be_v well_o acknowledge_v by_o vasquius_fw-la but_o that_o which_o he_o will_v thence_o infer_v namely_o that_o what_o be_v by_o he_o buy_v or_o sell_v for_o no_o price_n certain_a or_o what_o be_v by_o he_o let_v or_o take_v to_o hire_v without_o any_o rent_n agree_v on_o or_o what_o he_o shall_v give_v away_o in_o fee_n without_o any_o write_n or_o grant_v under_o his_o hand_n shall_v be_v of_o force_n we_o can_v admit_v for_o these_o act_n be_v do_v by_o he_o not_o as_o a_o king_n but_o as_o any_o private_a person_n and_o over_o such_o act_n as_o these_o not_o only_o the_o civil_a law_n of_o that_o nation_n but_o even_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o that_o city_n wherein_o the_o king_n reside_v have_v power_n because_o the_o king_n for_o some_o special_a reason_n place_v himself_o there_o as_o a_o member_n of_o that_o corporation_n unless_o it_o shall_v appear_v by_o good_a circumstance_n that_o it_o be_v his_o will_n that_o those_o act_n of_o his_o shall_v be_v exempt_v from_o the_o power_n of_o those_o law_n but_o that_o other_o example_n bring_v by_o the_o same_o vasquius_fw-la concern_v a_o promise_n any_o way_n make_v do_v very_o well_o agree_v and_o may_v be_v explain_v by_o what_o have_v be_v before_o say_v vi_o in_o what_o sense_n a_o king_n may_v be_v oblige_v to_o his_o subject_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n only_o or_o by_o civil_a law_n that_o which_o civilian_n do_v general_o affirm_v that_o the_o covenant_n which_o a_o king_n enter_v into_o with_o his_o subject_n do_v oblige_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n only_o and_o not_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v somewhat_o obscure_a for_o that_o be_v sometime_o corrupt_o say_v by_o the_o lawgiver_n natural_o to_o oblige_v which_o be_v only_o agreeable_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o honesty_n but_o yet_o can_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v due_a as_o for_o a_o executor_n to_o pay_v the_o entire_a legacy_n without_o defalcation_n though_o he_o have_v not_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o testator_n estate_n leave_v he_o or_o to_o pay_v a_o just_a debt_n though_o the_o creditor_n be_v make_v by_o the_o law_n uncapable_a of_o receive_v it_o or_o to_o requite_v a_o courtesy_n receive_v all_o which_o can_v no_o way_n be_v recover_v by_o any_o action_n at_o law_n sometime_o again_o that_o be_v more_o proper_o say_v natural_o to_o oblige_v which_o be_v indeed_o true_o obligatory_a whether_o it_o be_v such_o as_o transfer_v a_o right_a unto_o another_o as_o in_o contract_n or_o such_o as_o transfer_v none_o as_o in_o a_o full_a and_o firm_a pollicitation_n maimonides_n the_o jew_n do_v very_o apt_o distinguish_v between_o these_o three_o whatsoever_o come_v more_o than_o be_v due_a fall_v under_o the_o notion_n of_o mercy_n which_o
distinction_n to_o be_v observe_v where_o there_o be_v any_o probable_a reason_n for_o give_v or_o otherwise_o alienate_v what_o be_v the_o people_n but_o in_o case_n the_o king_n shall_v by_o any_o contract_n go_v about_o to_o alienate_v any_o part_n of_o his_o kingdom_n or_o of_o the_o royal_a patrimony_n beyond_o what_o be_v permit_v unto_o he_o such_o a_o contract_n shall_v be_v of_o no_o force_n as_o be_v make_v of_o that_o which_o be_v not_o he_o to_o dispose_v of_o as_o much_o may_v be_v say_v of_o such_o kingdom_n as_o be_v limit_v and_o restrain_v if_o the_o people_n have_v exempt_v any_o either_o matter_n or_o kind_n of_o act_n from_o the_o power_n of_o their_o king_n for_o to_o make_v such_o act_n valid_a the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n or_o their_o representative_n be_v necessary_o require_v as_o we_o have_v already_o show_v when_o we_o discourse_v of_o alienation_n now_o these_o distinction_n be_v observe_v it_o be_v no_o difficult_a matter_n to_o judge_v whether_o the_o exception_n of_o king_n who_o refuse_v to_o pay_v their_o predecessor_n debt_n who_o heir_n they_o be_v not_o be_v just_a or_o unjust_a whereof_o we_o may_v read_v many_o example_n in_o bodine_n xiii_o of_o the_o grant_n of_o king_n which_o be_v revocable_a and_o which_o not_o neither_o be_v that_o which_o some_o affirm_v to_o be_v admit_v without_o a_o distinction_n namely_o that_o the_o benefit_n of_o prince_n which_o be_v free_o and_o liberal_o grant_v may_v at_o any_o time_n be_v revoke_v for_o some_o benefit_n a_o king_n may_v give_v out_o of_o what_o be_v his_o own_o and_o which_o be_v it_o not_o for_o this_o clause_n at_o the_o prayer_n or_o request_n of_o the_o grant_n may_v well_o pass_v for_o a_o perfect_a donative_n now_o these_o can_v be_v revoke_v unless_o from_o subject_n by_o way_n of_o punishment_n or_o for_o public_a good_a for_o which_o also_o satisfaction_n must_v be_v give_v out_o of_o the_o public_a stock_n if_o possible_a but_o other_o benefit_n there_o be_v which_o only_o take_v away_o the_o bind_a power_n of_o the_o law_n without_o any_o contract_n and_o these_o be_v revocable_a for_o as_o a_o law_n universal_o take_v away_o may_v always_o be_v universal_o restore_v so_o also_o be_v particular_o take_v away_o it_o may_v be_v particular_o restore_v for_o no_o right_n be_v here_o acquire_v against_o the_o lawmaker_n fourteen_o whether_o the_o right_a king_n be_v bind_v by_o contract_n of_o a_o usurper_n but_o by_o such_o contract_n as_o be_v make_v by_o usurper_n or_o such_o as_o without_o any_o just_a title_n invade_v a_o kingdom_n neither_o the_o people_n nor_o their_o lawful_a prince_n be_v oblige_v for_o such_o have_v no_o right_n at_o all_o to_o bind_v they_o yet_o even_o these_o also_o shall_v be_v bind_v by_o those_o contract_n so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v enrich_v by_o those_o contract_n chap._n xv._o of_o league_n and_o sponsion_n i._o public_a agreement_n what_o they_o be_v ii_o divide_v into_o league_n sponsion_n and_o other_o convention_n iii_o how_o these_o differ_v and_o how_o far_o sponsion_n oblige_v iv_o menippus_n his_o division_n of_o league_n reject_v v._o league_n divide_v into_o such_o as_o oblige_v unto_o thing_n agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o from_o whence_o this_o arise_v vi_o and_o unto_o thing_n thereunto_o add_v which_o be_v either_o equal_a vii_o or_o such_o as_o be_v unequal_a which_o again_o be_v divide_v viii_o league_n make_v between_o those_o of_o a_o different_a religion_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v lawful_a ix_o nor_o be_v they_o universal_o forbid_v by_o the_o hebrew_n law_n x._o nor_n by_o the_o christian_a law_n xi_o caution_n concern_v such_o league_n xii_o all_o christian_n be_v oblige_v to_o enter_v into_o a_o league_n against_o such_o as_o be_v enemy_n to_o christianity_n xiii_o if_o diverse_a of_o our_o confederate_n be_v at_o war_n which_o we_o ought_v to_o assist_v explain_v by_o a_o distinction_n fourteen_o whether_o a_o league_n may_v be_v understand_v to_o be_v renew_v tacit_o xv._o whether_o the_o breach_n by_o one_o party_n do_v free_a the_o other_o from_o be_v oblige_v xvi_o how_o far_o the_o sponsor_n stand_v oblige_v in_o case_n what_o they_o undertake_v for_o be_v refuse_v xvii_o whether_o a_o sponsion_n be_v know_v but_o not_o refuse_v do_v oblige_v by_o silence_n this_o explain_v by_o a_o distinction_n i._o public_a convention_n what_o they_o be_v all_o agreement_n be_v by_o ulpian_n divide_v into_o such_o as_o be_v public_a or_o private_a the_o public_a he_o expound_v not_o as_o some_o think_v by_o a_o definition_n but_o by_o example_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v that_o whereupon_o a_o peace_n be_v conclude_v the_o second_o be_v that_o whereon_o the_o general_n on_o both_o side_n do_v agree_v among_o themselves_o about_o some_o thing_n touch_v the_o war._n by_o public_a agreement_n he_o understand_v those_o which_o can_v be_v make_v but_o by_o such_o as_o have_v the_o right_n of_o empire_n either_o great_a or_o lesser_a whereby_o it_o be_v distinguish_v not_o only_o from_o the_o contract_n of_o private_a person_n but_o from_o the_o contract_n which_o king_n make_v in_o their_o private_a affair_n although_o even_o from_o these_o private_a contract_n a_o war_n be_v sometime_o occasion_v but_o often_o from_o the_o public_a wherefore_o since_o we_o have_v sufficient_o treat_v of_o convention_n in_o general_a we_o will_v add_v thereunto_o some_o thing_n concern_v this_o kind_n which_o of_o all_o other_o be_v the_o most_o excellent_a ii_o how_o divide_v now_o these_o public_a convention_n which_o the_o greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d we_o may_v divide_v into_o league_n sponsion_n and_o other_o paction_n iii_o the_o difference_n between_o they_o the_o difference_n between_o league_n and_o sponsion_n we_o may_v learn_v out_o of_o the_o nine_o book_n of_o livy_n where_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o league_n be_v such_o agreement_n as_o be_v make_v by_o the_o command_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n and_o whereby_o the_o whole_a nation_n be_v make_v liable_a to_o the_o wrath_n of_o god_n if_o they_o infringe_v it_o and_o this_o among_o the_o roman_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v perform_v by_o herald_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o herald_n but_o a_o sponsion_n be_v where_o the_o general_n have_v no_o order_n from_o the_o supreme_a power_n to_o conclude_v any_o thing_n about_o such_o a_o matter_n do_v yet_o promise_v and_o undertake_v something_o concern_v it_o in_o sallust_n we_o read_v thus_o the_o senate_n as_o it_o be_v very_o fit_a have_v decree_v that_o without_o their_o and_o the_o people_n command_n no_o league_n shall_v be_v make_v 24._o lib._n 24._o hieronymus_n king_n of_o syracuse_n as_o livy_n relate_v contract_v friendship_n with_o hannibal_n but_o he_o send_v afterward_o to_o carthage_n to_o make_v of_o that_o alliance_n a_o perfect_a league_n wherefore_o that_o of_o seneca_n the_o father_n where_o he_o say_v 29._o cont._n l._n 4._o c._n 29._o in_o that_o the_o emperor_n strike_v up_o a_o league_n the_o roman_a people_n may_v be_v say_v to_o strike_v it_o up_o and_o to_o be_v conclude_v by_o it_o must_v be_v refer_v to_o those_o ancient_a consul_n or_o general_n who_o have_v receive_v special_a order_n from_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n so_o to_o do_v but_o in_o monarchical_a estate_n 2._o see_v book_n 3._o ch_n 20._o §._o 2._o the_o sole_a power_n of_o make_v league_n be_v in_o the_o king_n according_a to_o that_o of_o euripides_n adrastum_fw-la hunc_fw-la opus_fw-la jurare_fw-la namque_fw-la be_v jus_o habet_fw-la regni_fw-la potens_fw-la ut_fw-la civitatem_fw-la foedere_fw-la obstringat_fw-la svo_fw-la this_o adrastus_n ought_v to_o swear_v i_o say_v who_o be_v their_o sovereign_n the_o whole_a city_n may_v oblige_v this_o league_n for_o ever_o to_o obey_v now_o as_o inferior_a magistrate_n can_v oblige_v the_o people_n so_o neither_o can_v the_o minor_a part_n of_o the_o people_n oblige_v the_o whole_a but_o let_v we_o here_o inquire_v how_o far_o forth_o they_o be_v bind_v who_o not_o have_v the_o people_n right_a shall_v yet_o undertake_v that_o which_o the_o people_n only_o have_v a_o right_a to_o do_v some_o may_v think_v that_o if_o the_o sponsor_n use_v their_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o effect_v that_o which_o they_o have_v undertake_v they_o have_v preserve_v their_o faith_n according_a to_o what_o we_o have_v already_o say_v 22._o vid._n sup_v ch_n 11._o §._o 22._o of_o promise_n make_v for_o the_o fact_n of_o a_o three_o person_n but_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o business_n concern_v which_o this_o contract_n be_v make_v require_v a_o strict_a obligation_n for_o no_o man_n in_o contract_n will_v either_o give_v or_o promise_v any_o thing_n of_o his_o own_o but_o expect_v that_o something_o shall_v be_v perform_v unto_o he_o in_o lieu_n thereof_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o by_o
the_o civil_a law_n which_o will_v not_o admit_v of_o one_o man_n promise_n for_o another_o man_n fault_n such_o a_o promise_n shall_v amount_v unto_o a_o confirmation_n of_o the_o thing_n agree_v on_o and_o shall_v bind_v the_o promiser_n to_o make_v good_a what_o the_o prince_n or_o people_n refuse_v iv_o menippus_n his_o division_n of_o league_n reject_v menippus_n king_n antiochus_n his_o ambassador_n to_o the_o roman_n as_o it_o be_v record_v by_o livy_n and_o diodorus_n siculus_n be_v lead_v more_o by_o his_o own_o use_n and_o custom_n than_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o art_n divide_a league_n into_o three_o sort_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v when_o the_o conqueror_n give_v law_n to_o the_o conquer_a where_o it_o be_v in_o the_o victor_n power_n to_o determine_v what_o the_o conquer_a shall_v have_v and_o how_o far_o he_o shall_v be_v punish_v the_o second_o be_v when_o both_o party_n be_v of_o equal_a power_n and_o success_n in_o the_o war_n do_v agree_v in_o a_o amicable_a league_n on_o equal_a condition_n and_o then_o by_o agreement_n thing_n take_v be_v on_o either_o side_n to_o be_v restore_v and_o in_o case_n any_o man_n have_v be_v disturb_v in_o his_o possession_n during_o the_o war_n the_o difference_n be_v to_o be_v compose_v either_o according_a to_o ancient_a right_n or_o according_a to_o the_o mutual_a profit_n and_o convenience_n of_o both_o party_n the_o three_o be_v when_o they_o that_o never_o be_v enemy_n do_v enter_v into_o a_o social_n league_n between_o themselves_o without_o either_o give_v or_o receive_v law_n on_o either_o side_n v._o league_n divide_v into_o those_o that_o bound_v to_o thing_n agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o we_o be_v to_o distinguish_v somewhat_o more_o accurate_o as_o in_o the_o first_o place_n we_o may_v say_v that_o some_o league_n require_v such_o thing_n only_o as_o be_v congruous_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n other_o add_v something_o thereunto_o league_n of_o the_o former_a kind_n be_v usual_o make_v not_o only_o between_o enemy_n at_o the_o end_n of_o a_o war_n but_o of_o old_a be_v both_o often_o make_v and_o in_o some_o sort_n necessary_a among_o those_o who_o before_o have_v never_o contract_v for_o any_o thing_n the_o ground_n whereof_o be_v that_o that_o principle_n of_o natural_a right_n which_o instruct_v we_o that_o nature_n have_v prudent_o link_v together_o all_o mankind_n in_o a_o kind_n of_o strict_a alliance_n and_o therefore_o for_o one_o man_n to_o hurt_v another_o be_v impiety_n be_v as_o of_o old_a before_o the_o flood_n so_o again_o some_o time_n after_o by_o a_o universal_a corruption_n of_o manner_n so_o obliterated_a that_o it_o be_v hold_v lawful_a to_o rob_v and_o spoil_v foreigner_n yea_o though_o there_o be_v no_o war_n proclaim_v stranger_n no_o sin_n to_o rob_v stranger_n so_o caesar_n of_o the_o german_n latrocinia_fw-la nullam_fw-la habent_fw-la infamiam_fw-la quae_fw-la extra_fw-la fine_n cujusque_fw-la civitatis_fw-la fiunt_fw-la look_v what_o spoil_n and_o robbery_n they_o commit_v without_o the_o bound_n of_o their_o city_n minus_n de_fw-fr moribus_fw-la ger._n lib._n 14._o in_o the_o life_n of_o minus_n they_o hold_v as_o no_o dishonour_n the_o like_a testimony_n tacitus_n give_v of_o they_o with_o who_o agree_v that_o of_o plutarch_n touch_v the_o spaniard_n who_o say_v he_o till_o that_o time_n think_v it_o a_o honourable_a employment_n to_o spoil_v and_o plunder_v out_o of_o their_o own_o territory_n nay_o the_o jew_n themselves_o refuse_v to_o make_v satisfaction_n for_o damage_n do_v unless_o to_o a_o jew_n or_o a_o confederate_a whence_o that_o question_n in_o homer_n an_o praedones_fw-la estis_fw-la be_v you_o forager_n i._n e._n such_o as_o live_v by_o the_o spoil_n of_o stranger_n be_v a_o innocent_a and_o friendly_a interrogation_n for_o say_v the_o scholiast_n upon_o that_o place_n to_o prey_v upon_o stranger_n be_v then_o hold_v a_o honourable_a employment_n the_o very_a same_o we_o find_v in_o thucydides_n with_o this_o addition_n for_o this_o kind_n of_o life_n be_v not_o at_o that_o time_n infamous_a but_o commendable_a no_o more_o be_v piracy_n upon_o the_o sea_n until_o the_o reign_n of_o tarquin_n as_o justin_n testify_v and_o this_o the_o roman_a law_n seem_v to_o justify_v for_o if_o any_o thing_n have_v be_v take_v by_o the_o roman_n from_o any_o nation_n with_o who_o they_o have_v no_o commerce_n hospitality_n nor_o league_n of_o amity_n for_o these_o be_v not_o account_v enemy_n it_o be_v hold_v by_o they_o as_o lawful_a prize_n so_o if_o a_o roman_a citizen_n be_v find_v among_o they_o or_o bring_v unto_o they_o they_o be_v immediate_o make_v slave_n and_o in_o this_o case_n do_v their_o law_n of_o postliminy_n take_v place_n the_o same_o and_o no_o better_a quarter_n have_v those_o people_n be_v take_v by_o the_o roman_n thus_o we_o read_v that_o the_o corcyrense_n before_o the_o peloponnesian_a war_n be_v no_o enemy_n to_o the_o athenian_n but_o neither_o have_v they_o peace_n with_o they_o nor_o any_o truce_n as_o by_o the_o oration_n of_o the_o corinthian_n in_o thucydides_n appear_v so_o sallust_n speak_v concern_v bocchus_n nobis_fw-la nec_fw-la pace_fw-la nec_fw-la bello_fw-la cognitus_fw-la that_o he_o be_v altogether_o unknown_a to_o the_o roman_n by_o either_o peace_n or_o war._n and_o to_o rob_v and_o spoil_v such_o be_v in_o the_o opinion_n of_o aristotle_n laudable_a and_o be_v so_o far_o warrantable_a by_o the_o roman_a law_n foreigner_n host_n take_v ancient_o for_o a_o foreigner_n that_o the_o word_n host_n which_o signify_v a_o enemy_n do_v in_o the_o old_a latin_a dialect_n signify_v nothing_o but_o a_o stranger_n or_o foreigner_n now_o under_o this_o kind_n of_o league_n i_o comprehend_v those_o also_o whereby_o freedom_n of_o commerce_n and_o the_o reception_n of_o stranger_n be_v on_o both_o side_n assent_v unto_o as_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n whereof_o we_o have_v treat_v above_o and_o thus_o we_o shall_v find_v these_o league_n distinguish_v by_o livy_n in_o that_o oration_n which_o arco_fw-la make_v to_o the_o achaian_n 41._o lib._n 41._o where_o he_o insist_o not_o upon_o any_o league_n of_o society_n but_o upon_o that_o of_o commerce_n which_o consist_v in_o give_v and_o recive_v that_o from_o each_o other_o which_o be_v due_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n namely_o that_o the_o achaian_n will_v forbear_v to_o receive_v into_o their_o protection_n the_o fugitive_a servant_n of_o the_o macedonian_n now_o all_o such_o convention_n the_o greek_n do_v strict_o include_v under_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n peace_n whereunto_o they_o oppose_v the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v a_o league_n make_v by_o sacrifice_n vi_o and_o into_o those_o that_o add_v unto_o it_o which_o be_v either_o thing_n equal_a those_o agreement_n which_o contain_v those_o additament_n to_o those_o of_o natural_a right_n be_v either_o equal_a or_o unequal_a equal_a when_o the_o article_n be_v the_o same_o on_o both_o side_n whereunto_o virgil_n allude_v nec_fw-la mihi_fw-la regna_fw-la peto_fw-la paribus_fw-la sub_fw-la legibus_fw-la ambas_fw-la invictas_fw-la gentes_fw-la aeterna_fw-la in_o foedera_fw-la mittam_fw-la empire_n i_o claim_v not_o but_o with_o equal_a right_n both_o nation_n will_v with_o last_a league_n unite_v and_o these_o the_o greek_n sometime_o term_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d league_n simple_o sometime_o league_n upon_o equal_a condition_n as_o we_o read_v in_o appian_n and_o xenophon_n but_o those_o that_o be_v make_v upon_o unequal_a condition_n they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o make_v by_o sacrifice_n and_o as_o they_o respect_v the_o weak_a party_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o impose_v upon_o they_o upon_o hard_a condition_n which_o as_o demosthenes_n advise_v be_v careful_o to_o be_v avoid_v by_o all_o such_o as_o love_v their_o liberty_n because_o they_o approach_v too_o near_o to_o subjection_n now_o both_o these_o kind_n of_o league_n be_v make_v either_o for_o peace_n or_o for_o society_n sake_n those_o equal_a league_n of_o peace_n be_v usual_o make_v for_o the_o restitution_n of_o prisoner_n or_o good_n take_v in_o war_n or_o for_o mutual_a security_n whereof_o we_o shall_v speak_v more_o at_o large_a anon_o when_o we_o have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v of_o the_o effect_n and_o consequence_n of_o war._n those_o equal_a league_n of_o society_n respect_v either_o mutual_a commerce_n or_o a_o equal_a participate_v of_o the_o charge_n of_o a_o war_n or_o some_o other_o matter_n concern_v commerce_n equal_a covenant_n may_v be_v various_a as_o namely_o that_o no_o custom_n be_v pay_v on_o either_o side_n which_o we_o find_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o article_n agree_v on_o in_o that_o ancient_a league_n make_v between_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n except_o only_o what_o be_v give_v to_o the_o notary_n and_o to_o the_o crier_n or_o
it_o manifest_o turn_v to_o the_o public_a detriment_n or_o when_o it_o be_v do_v by_o the_o accident_n of_o a_o new_a case_n or_o when_o a_o new_a case_n arise_v which_o have_v it_o be_v foresee_v will_v have_v be_v provide_v against_o for_o that_o every_o contract_n though_o swear_v be_v understand_v with_o this_o reserve_a condition_n if_o matter_n continue_v in_o the_o same_o state_n but_o not_o if_o they_o be_v change_v which_o that_o wise_a queen_n ground_v upon_o the_o authority_n of_o seneca_n a_o wise_a man_n change_v not_o his_o resolution_n all_o thing_n continue_v as_o they_o be_v at_o the_o time_n when_o he_o make_v it_o nor_o can_v he_o be_v say_v to_o repent_v because_o at_o that_o time_n and_o as_o the_o case_n then_o stand_v no_o better_a counsel_n can_v be_v follow_v than_o be_v then_o resolve_v on_o and_o when_o the_o hans-town_n complain_v against_o she_o to_o the_o emperor_n that_o their_o privilege_n be_v break_v in_o england_n and_o their_o custom_n much_o enhanse_v she_o answer_v that_o those_o privilege_n be_v by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n abrogate_a as_o be_v not_o convenient_a for_o the_o time_n be_v grant_v when_o traffic_n and_o merchandize_n lay_v dead_a among_o the_o english_a and_o for_o her_o custom_n she_o say_v that_o the_o commonwealth_n can_v not_o subsist_v if_o no_o other_o custom_n shall_v now_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o hans-town_n than_o what_o be_v pay_v three_o hundred_o year_n before_o and_o much_o to_o this_o purpose_n be_v that_o of_o seneca_n be_v invite_v to_o a_o feast_n i_o will_v go_v because_o i_o have_v promise_v although_o it_o be_v cold_a i_o will_v arise_v to_o a_o wedding_n because_o i_o have_v promise_v although_o i_o be_o not_o sufficient_o refresh_v with_o sleep_n but_o not_o if_o i_o be_o feverish_a although_o i_o have_v promise_v nor_o will_v i_o stand_v bind_v with_o thou_o for_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v uncertain_a though_o thou_o bid_v i_o in_o case_n thou_o be_v indebt_v to_o the_o exchequer_n for_o in_o all_o these_o promise_v there_o be_v some_o tacit_a exception_n to_o be_v understand_v namely_o if_o i_o can_v or_o if_o i_o ought_v so_o to_o do_v if_o thing_n be_v then_o as_o they_o now_o be_v effice_n ut_fw-la idem_fw-la status_fw-la sit_fw-la cum_fw-la exigitur_fw-la qui_fw-la fuit_fw-la cum_fw-la promitterem_fw-la make_v the_o case_n the_o same_o when_o thou_o exact_a my_o promise_n as_o it_o be_v when_o i_o make_v it_o if_o any_o new_a thing_n intervene_v it_o be_v not_o levity_n or_o inconstancy_n in_o i_o if_o i_o fail_v what_o wonder_n be_v it_o if_o a_o man_n change_v his_o mind_n and_o counsel_n when_o his_o condition_n be_v change_v eadem_fw-la mihi_fw-la omne_fw-la praesta_fw-la &_o idem_fw-la sum_fw-la make_v all_o thing_n the_o same_o and_o then_o i_o also_o be_o the_o same_o xxviii_o other_o sign_n whereby_o we_o may_v guess_v that_o such_o a_o case_n ought_v to_o be_v exempt_v there_o be_v also_o as_o we_o have_v say_v other_o sign_n of_o the_o will_n whereby_o we_o may_v conjecture_v that_o that_o case_n be_v to_o have_v be_v exempt_v among_o which_o there_o be_v none_o more_o convince_a than_o word_n speak_v or_o recite_v in_o some_o place_n not_o where_o they_o do_v direct_o contradict_v each_o other_o which_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d whereof_o we_o make_v mention_v above_o but_o when_o as_o it_o be_v unexpected_o from_o the_o very_a event_n of_o thing_n they_o seem_v to_o clash_v one_o against_o another_o which_o the_o greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d xxix_o what_o rule_n shall_v then_o guide_v our_o conjecture_n now_o when_o such_o a_o case_n happen_v which_o part_n of_o the_o write_v aught_o to_o prevail_v with_o we_o we_o may_v be_v instruct_v by_o some_o rule_n that_o cicero_n 2._o cicero_n de_fw-fr invent._n 2._o verina_n 2._o have_v leave_v we_o out_o of_o some_o ancient_a and_o approve_a author_n which_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o be_v slight_v yet_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v they_o not_o digest_v into_o a_o right_a order_n and_o therefore_o i_o think_v fit_a to_o place_v they_o thus_o that_o that_o which_o be_v permit_v do_v always_o give_v place_n to_o that_o which_o be_v enjoin_v for_o as_o quintilian_n say_v semper_fw-la potentior_fw-la lex_fw-la est_fw-la qua_fw-la vetat_fw-la quà m_fw-la quae_fw-la permittit_fw-la that_o law_n that_o command_v be_v always_o strong_a than_o that_o which_o permit_v because_o he_o that_o permit_v any_o thing_n be_v conceive_v to_o permit_v it_o unless_o somewhat_o else_o do_v hinder_v than_o what_o be_v then_o treat_v of_o and_o therefore_o plus_fw-fr valet_fw-la sanctio_fw-la quam_fw-la permissio_fw-la a_o decree_n or_o sanction_n be_v more_o prevalent_a than_o a_o toleration_n second_o that_o what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v at_o a_o time_n prefix_v be_v always_o prefer_v before_o what_o may_v be_v do_v at_o any_o time_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n that_o which_o forbid_v be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o that_o which_o enjoin_v because_o what_o prohibit_n bind_v we_o at_o all_o time_n but_o so_o do_v not_o that_o which_o command_v unless_o it_o be_v either_o when_o the_o time_n be_v express_v or_o that_o the_o command_n comprehend_v under_o it_o some_o tacit_a prohibition_n again_o that_o in_o such_o agreement_n as_o be_v in_o their_o quality_n beforenamed_n equal_a that_o shall_v be_v prefer_v which_o be_v most_o proper_a and_o come_v near_a to_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n for_o particular_n be_v always_o more_o efficacious_a than_o general_n and_o in_o thing_n prohibit_v that_o those_o which_o have_v a_o penalty_n affix_v be_v prefer_v before_o those_o that_o have_v none_o and_o those_o that_o have_v a_o great_a penalty_n before_o those_o that_o have_v a_o lesser_a as_o also_o that_o those_o be_v prefer_v that_o have_v cause_n affix_v either_o more_o honest_a or_o more_o profitable_a and_o in_o the_o last_o place_n that_o that_o which_o be_v speak_v last_n be_v more_o valid_a than_o that_o which_o be_v speak_v before_o of_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v this_o also_o must_v be_v here_o repeat_v that_o look_v what_o agreement_n be_v swear_v unto_o must_v be_v understand_v in_o the_o most_o usual_a propriety_n of_o speech_n and_o that_o all_o secret_a reservation_n and_o restriction_n more_o than_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o thing_n do_v necessary_o require_v be_v altogether_o disow_v wherefore_o also_o in_o case_n a_o agreement_n swear_v shall_v in_o effect_n clash_n with_o that_o which_o be_v not_o swear_v that_o which_o be_v bind_v by_o a_o oath_n shall_v be_v prefer_v xxx_o in_o a_o case_n that_o be_v dubious_a a_o write_n be_v not_o require_v to_o complete_a the_o contract_n it_o be_v also_o usual_o question_v whether_o in_o a_o doubtful_a case_n a_o contract_n ought_v to_o be_v account_v perfect_a and_o complete_a before_o the_o write_n be_v sign_v and_o deliver_v for_o this_o muraena_fw-la allege_v against_o the_o agreement_n make_v between_o sylla_n and_o mithridates_n to_o i_o it_o be_v very_o plain_a that_o unless_o it_o be_v otherwise_o agree_v on_o the_o write_n stand_v but_o as_o the_o last_a monument_n of_o the_o contract_n and_o not_o as_o any_o part_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o it_o if_o otherwise_o it_o must_v be_v so_o express_v as_o in_o that_o make_v with_o nabis_n where_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o those_o condition_n shall_v be_v of_o force_n from_o that_o day_n whereon_o they_o shall_v be_v publish_v by_o nabis_n xxxi_o the_o contract_n of_o king_n not_o always_o to_o be_v interpret_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n but_o i_o can_v admit_v of_o their_o opinion_n who_o hold_v that_o the_o contract_n of_o king_n and_o free_a state_n be_v to_o be_v interpret_v as_o far_o as_o be_v possible_a by_o the_o roman_a law_n unless_o it_o appear_v that_o among_o those_o people_n the_o civil_a law_n in_o such_o thing_n as_o concern_v the_o right_n of_o nation_n have_v ever_o be_v receive_v for_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o be_v not_o rash_o to_o be_v presume_v xxxii_o whether_o his_o word_n that_o offer_v or_o his_o that_o accept_v be_v most_o bind_v as_o to_o that_o question_n move_v by_o plutarch_n in_o his_o symposiack_n namely_o whether_o the_o word_n of_o he_o that_o propose_v condition_n or_o of_o he_o that_o accept_v of_o they_o be_v most_o bind_v it_o appear_v to_o i_o that_o see_v it_o be_v he_o that_o accept_v that_o promise_v they_o be_v his_o word_n if_o absolute_a and_o in_o themselves_o that_o give_v form_n and_o be_v to_o the_o contract_n for_o if_o he_o regard_v the_o word_n of_o he_o that_o offer_v condition_n affirmative_o he_o shall_v be_v think_v to_o repeat_v those_o very_a word_n in_o his_o promise_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o relative_n but_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o before_o the_o condition_n be_v accept_v even_o he_o
his_o gain_n but_o if_o the_o thing_n take_v away_o do_v perish_v than_o the_o value_n of_o it_o not_o to_o the_o high_a rate_n nor_o to_o the_o low_a but_o moderate_v among_o these_o we_o may_v also_o rank_a such_o as_o defraud_v prince_n of_o their_o lawful_a custom_n and_o contribution_n in_o like_a manner_n be_v they_o bind_v to_o reparation_n that_o have_v wrong_v other_o by_o either_o their_o unjust_a sentence_n or_o unjust_a accusation_n or_o by_o their_o false_a testimony_n xvii_o in_o he_o that_o by_o fear_n or_o fraud_n cause_v a_o promise_n as_o also_o he_o that_o shall_v either_o by_o fraud_n force_n or_o unjust_a fear_n urge_v a_o contract_n or_o a_o promise_n from_o any_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o make_v reparation_n to_o the_o full_a for_o hereby_o he_o rob_v the_o man_n he_o deal_v with_o of_o a_o double_a right_n first_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o contract_n he_o have_v this_o right_n that_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v deceive_v and_o then_o by_o the_o natural_a liberty_n that_o every_o man_n shall_v have_v he_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v enforce_v or_o unjust_o affright_v and_o among_o these_o we_o may_v likewise_o range_v those_o that_o will_v not_o perform_v what_o by_o their_o office_n they_o be_v bind_v to_o do_v without_o bribe_n xviii_o what_o if_o the_o fear_n be_v natural_o just_a but_o he_o that_o have_v give_v just_a cause_n why_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v by_o force_n or_o fear_v compel_v have_v reason_n to_o blame_v himself_o for_o a_o involuntary_a act_n arise_v from_o a_o voluntary_a be_v natural_o reckon_v for_o a_o voluntary_a xix_o what_o if_o the_o fear_n be_v hold_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n for_o just_a but_o as_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o nation_n all_o war_n make_v and_o denounce_v by_o the_o supreme_a power_n on_o both_o side_n be_v repute_v just_a as_o to_o to_o the_o external_a effect_n whereof_o we_o shall_v speak_v more_o anon_o so_o be_v the_o fear_n of_o such_o a_o war_n so_o far_o repute_v just_a that_o whatsoever_o be_v obtain_v thereby_o can_v be_v require_v back_o in_o which_o sense_n that_o distinction_n of_o cicero_n may_v be_v admit_v which_o he_o make_v between_o a_o enemy_n with_o who_o we_o enjoy_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o nation_n many_o common_a right_n and_o a_o thief_n or_o pirate_n for_o if_o these_o extort_v any_o thing_n from_o we_o by_o fear_n we_o may_v require_v it_o back_o unless_o we_o be_v bind_v by_o oath_n not_o to_o do_v it_o but_o so_o we_o can_v do_v from_o a_o enemy_n wherefore_o what_o polybius_n write_v concern_v the_o second_o punic_a war_n namely_o that_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v just_a cause_n to_o make_v it_o because_o the_o roman_n by_o denounce_v war_n against_o they_o whilst_o they_o be_v engage_v in_o another_o war_n against_o their_o seditious_a mercenary_n have_v enforce_v they_o from_o the_o island_n of_o sardinia_n and_o a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n have_v indeed_o some_o show_n of_o equity_n but_o be_v not_o agreeable_a with_o the_o common_a right_n of_o nation_n as_o we_o shall_v elsewhere_o prove_v xx._n how_o far_o the_o civil_a power_n be_v bind_v by_o damage_n do_v by_o their_o subject_n king_n and_o magistrate_n be_v oblige_v to_o reparation_n if_o they_o do_v not_o make_v use_n of_o such_o remedy_n against_o thief_n and_o pirate_n to_o suppress_v they_o as_o they_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o do_v for_o which_o neglect_n the_o scyrian_o be_v condemn_v by_o the_o amphictyones_n i_o remember_v that_o this_o case_n be_v once_o propose_v among_o we_o when_o our_o estate_n have_v grant_v letter_n of_o mart_n against_o our_o enemy_n some_o of_o those_o to_o who_o these_o letter_n be_v grant_v abuse_v themselves_o and_o we_o have_v rob_v our_o friend_n and_o leave_v our_o country_n betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o sea_n and_o though_o recall_v will_v not_o return_v whence_o arise_v this_o question_n whether_o our_o state_n be_v bind_v to_o repair_v the_o damage_n they_o by_o reason_n of_o letter_n of_o mart_n grant_v they_o either_o because_o they_o make_v use_v of_o such_o wicked_a instrument_n or_o because_o they_o do_v not_o require_v from_o they_o sufficient_a caution_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o transgress_v their_o commission_n whereunto_o i_o give_v this_o answer_n that_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o no_o more_o than_o to_o punish_v they_o be_v find_v or_o to_o deliver_v they_o up_o and_o beside_o to_o take_v care_n that_o reparation_n shall_v be_v make_v out_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o delinquent_n case_n a_o judge_v case_n for_o that_o the_o state_n be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o depredation_n nor_o do_v they_o participate_v of_o they_o that_o they_o have_v forbid_v they_o by_o severe_a law_n to_o wrong_v their_o friend_n but_o to_o require_v caution_n from_o they_o they_o be_v not_o by_o any_o law_n oblige_v see_v that_o they_o may_v empower_v all_o their_o subject_n without_o any_o codicil_n to_o make_v what_o spoil_n they_o can_v of_o whatsoever_o be_v their_o enemy_n as_o have_v be_v ancient_o do_v neither_o be_v this_o permission_n the_o true_a cause_n of_o the_o wrong_n do_v unto_o their_o friend_n see_v that_o private_a man_n may_v arm_v their_o ship_n and_o put_v out_o to_o sea_n even_o without_o permission_n neither_o can_v they_o foresee_v that_o these_o man_n will_v prove_v wicked_a nor_o can_v they_o altogether_o avoid_v the_o make_v use_n of_o wicked_a man_n for_o than_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o they_o to_o raise_v a_o army_n neither_o if_o their_o soldier_n either_o by_o sea_n or_o land_n do_v injure_v their_o friend_n contrary_a to_o the_o command_n of_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n be_v they_o oblige_v to_o reparation_n as_o may_v easy_o be_v prove_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o france_n and_o england_n yet_o in_o a_o league_n between_o francis_n de_fw-fr valois_n king_n of_o france_n and_z henry_n the_o eight_o of_o england_n 54._o herbert_n henry_n the_o 8._o page_n 54._o it_o be_v agree_v the_o better_a to_o prevent_v depredation_n by_o sea_n that_o no_o merchant_n of_o either_o nation_n shall_v depart_v out_o of_o their_o port_n without_o give_v caution_n to_o their_o respective_a admiral_n that_o no_o wrong_a or_o molestation_n shall_v be_v do_v by_o sea_n to_o either_o of_o their_o subject_n but_o that_o any_o man_n shall_v be_v bind_v to_o repair_v the_o damage_n which_o his_o servant_n shall_v without_o his_o fault_n and_o against_o his_o command_n do_v unto_o other_o belong_v not_o to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n by_o which_o this_o cause_n ought_v proper_o to_o be_v judge_v but_o to_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o yet_o not_o in_o the_o general_n but_o as_o it_o be_v introduce_v for_o some_o particular_a reason_n against_o mariner_n and_o some_o other_o and_o thus_o have_v this_o case_n be_v determine_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o supreme_a assembly_n against_o certain_a pomeranian_o and_o that_o according_a to_o precedent_n of_o thing_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n two_o age_n before_o xxi_o the_o owner_n of_o a_o ship_n or_o beast_n that_o hurt_v his_o neighbour_n not_o bind_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n this_o also_o be_v worthy_a our_o observation_n that_o it_o proceed_v from_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o not_o from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n that_o we_o deliver_v up_o our_o beast_n or_o bondslave_n to_o punishment_n which_o have_v endamage_v our_o neighbour_n for_o the_o owner_n of_o they_o be_v innocent_a be_v natural_o bind_v to_o nothing_o as_o neither_o be_v he_o who_o ship_n without_o his_o fault_n fall_v foul_a and_o hurt_v another_o though_o by_o the_o law_n of_o diverse_a nation_n as_o well_o as_o we_o such_o damage_n be_v usual_o divide_v between_o both_o because_o it_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o be_v prove_v xxii_o the_o damage_n against_o a_o man_n honour_n how_o to_o be_v tepair_v but_o the_o wound_n we_o receive_v in_o our_o honour_n or_o fame_n as_o by_o stripe_n reproach_n curse_n and_o such_o like_a must_v have_v their_o proper_a cure_n and_o in_o these_o no_o less_o than_o in_o theft_n and_o other_o crime_n the_o heinousness_n of_o the_o fact_n be_v discern_v by_o the_o effect_n for_o as_o in_o those_o our_o reparation_n consist_v in_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o thief_n so_o in_o this_o the_o damage_n we_o sustain_v be_v repair_v by_o confession_n of_o the_o fault_n and_o by_o exhibit_v all_o due_a honour_n to_o he_o who_o be_v wrong_v and_o the_o public_a testimony_n give_v both_o of_o his_o innocency_n and_o our_o own_o repentance_n and_o such_o like_a mean_n although_o the_o offender_n in_o this_o kind_n may_v be_v punish_v in_o his_o purse_n if_o the_o injure_a person_n desire_v it_o because_o money_n be_v the_o common_a standard_n whereby_o all_o thing_n tend_v to_o profit_n be_v measure_v chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o right_n of_o embassage_n i._o there_o be_v some_o
ambassador_n admittance_n and_o he_o may_v command_v he_o to_o depart_v his_o kingdom_n if_o he_o behave_v himself_o seditious_o but_o that_o none_o shall_v be_v without_o cause_n deny_v now_o cause_v there_o may_v be_v first_o from_o he_o that_o send_v second_o from_o he_o that_o be_v send_v and_o three_o from_o the_o matter_n of_o embassage_n as_o to_o the_o first_o we_o read_v that_o pericles_n dismiss_v melesippus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a ambassador_n beyond_o the_o territory_n of_o athens_n because_o he_o come_v from_o a_o arm_a enemy_n and_o the_o roman_a senate_n deny_v admission_n to_o the_o carthaginian_a ambassador_n zonaras_n vid._n camden_n an._n 1571._o quaest_n 4._o livy_n l._n 41._o zonaras_n because_o they_o have_v a_o army_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o italy_n so_o do_v the_o achaian_n to_o the_o ambassador_n of_o perseus_n because_o he_o attempt_v a_o war_n against_o the_o roman_n the_o like_a do_v justinian_n to_o the_o ambassador_n of_o totilas_n and_o the_o goth_n in_o urbin_n to_o the_o messenger_n of_o belisarius_n and_o the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o scythian_n because_o they_o be_v a_o people_n notorious_o wicked_a be_v in_o all_o place_n repulse_v as_o polybius_n testify_v as_o concern_v the_o second_o cause_n i._n e._n from_o the_o person_n send_v a_o example_n we_o have_v in_o theodorus_n the_o atheist_n to_o who_o lysimachus_n refuse_v to_o give_v audience_n though_o he_o come_v as_o a_o ambassador_n from_o king_n ptolemy_n the_o like_a have_v be_v do_v to_o other_o for_o no_o other_o cause_n but_o personal_a hatred_n the_o three_o be_v when_o the_o ground_n or_o reason_n of_o he_o that_o send_v be_v suspect_v to_o move_v sedition_n as_o be_v that_o of_o rabshakeh_n reject_v by_o hezekiah_n 18._o rabshakeh_n case_n 2_o king_n 18._o and_o the_o like_a or_o when_o the_o matter_n or_o form_n be_v not_o well_o suit_v to_o the_o digniâ—y_n of_o the_o person_n with_o who_o we_o treat_v or_o not_o so_o well_o time_v so_o the_o roman_n forbid_v the_o aetolian_n to_o send_v out_o any_o ambassador_n without_o their_o general_n permission_n and_o perseus_n be_v forbid_v from_o send_v any_o ambassador_n to_o rome_n but_o only_o to_o licinius_n so_o they_o command_v the_o ambassador_n of_o jugurtha_n to_o depart_v out_o of_o italy_n within_o ten_o day_n unless_o they_o come_v to_o deliver_v their_o king_n and_o kingdom_n into_o the_o power_n of_o the_o roman_n so_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o command_v the_o ambassador_n send_v to_o denounce_v war_n against_o he_o from_o france_n venice_n and_o florence_n to_o be_v conduct_v to_o a_o place_n thirty_o mile_n distant_a from_o his_o court_n as_o guicciardine_n record_v it_o 18._o lib._n 18._o and_o thus_o may_v those_o ordinary_a ambassador_n which_o be_v constant_o resident_a in_o most_o court_n be_v worthy_o reject_v as_o unnecessary_a and_o a_o new_a upstart_n custom_n whereof_o former_a age_n be_v whole_o ignorant_a iv_o against_o such_o ambassador_n as_o raise_v sedition_n our_o defence_n be_v lawful_a but_o not_o their_o punishment_n concern_v the_o latter_a privilege_n of_o ambassador_n namely_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v molest_v the_o question_n be_v more_o arduous_a and_o knotty_a and_o by_o the_o best_a wit_n of_o this_o age_n various_o handle_v in_o the_o state_v whereof_o they_o have_v respect_n first_o to_o the_o person_n second_o to_o their_o attendant_n three_o to_o their_o good_n as_o to_o their_o person_n some_o think_v that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v protect_v against_o all_o unjust_a force_n only_o esteem_v their_o privilege_n to_o be_v understand_v of_o common_a right_n other_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o person_n of_o emperor_n be_v not_o for_o every_o cause_n to_o be_v molest_v but_o only_o when_o they_o themselves_o do_v violate_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o open_v a_o door_n so_o wide_o that_o all_o delinquency_n be_v punishable_a in_o emperor_n except_o such_o as_o be_v commit_v against_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o in_o those_o commit_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v contain_v even_o those_o that_o be_v commit_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n other_o do_v yet_o restrain_v this_o force_n to_o those_o who_o shall_v be_v find_v to_o act_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o state_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n or_o against_o the_o honour_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o person_n to_o who_o they_o be_v send_v which_o some_o think_v to_o be_v of_o dangerous_a consequence_n and_o therefore_o will_v have_v complaint_n make_v to_o he_o that_o send_v they_o and_o the_o ambassador_n send_v home_o to_o be_v by_o he_o punish_v other_o there_o be_v who_o think_v it_o fit_a in_o this_o case_n to_o appeal_v to_o other_o king_n and_o free_a state_n that_o be_v not_o concern_v desire_v their_o advice_n therein_o which_o indeed_o may_v stand_v with_o prudence_n but_o not_o to_o be_v impose_v upon_o we_o as_o a_o law_n the_o argument_n which_o every_o one_o of_o these_o do_v bring_v to_o strengthen_v their_o several_a opinion_n do_v conclude_v nothing_o certain_o because_o this_o right_n be_v not_o ground_v upon_o reason_n that_o be_v certain_a as_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v but_o it_o receive_v its_o bound_n from_o the_o consent_n of_o nation_n now_o the_o nation_n may_v either_o altogether_o provide_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o ambassador_n or_o with_o some_o certain_a exception_n for_o advantage_n may_v by_o either_o of_o these_o arise_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n by_o this_o latter_a the_o punishment_n inflict_v upon_o such_o as_o notorious_o offend_v deter_v other_o and_o secure_v the_o peace_n of_o that_o nation_n by_o the_o former_a the_o profit_n arise_v to_o the_o state_n by_o embassy_n which_o be_v the_o more_o easy_o and_o willing_o undertake_v when_o the_o person_n send_v be_v encourage_v thereunto_o as_o know_v that_o the_o great_a care_n that_o can_v be_v be_v take_v for_o their_o security_n we_o be_v therefore_o to_o observe_v how_o far_o forth_o the_o nation_n do_v agree_v in_o this_o point_n which_o can_v be_v evince_v by_o example_n alone_o for_o of_o these_o we_o have_v enough_o extant_a on_o either_o side_n we_o must_v therefore_o have_v recourse_n herein_o as_o well_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o wise_a man_n as_o to_o our_o own_o most_o probable_a conjecture_n for_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o wise_a man_n be_v guide_v by_o two_o notable_a precedent_n one_o out_o of_o livy_n the_o other_o out_o of_o sallust_n that_o out_o of_o livy_n by_o the_o ambassador_n of_o tarquin_n who_o pretend_v only_o to_o treat_v with_o the_o senate_n about_o some_o of_o tarquine_n good_n but_o be_v find_v conspire_v with_o the_o citizen_n to_o betray_v the_o city_n and_o when_o it_o be_v move_v in_o the_o senate_n what_o shall_v be_v do_v with_o they_o it_o be_v at_o length_n resolve_v on_o that_o though_o they_o deserve_v to_o be_v proceed_v against_o as_o enemy_n yet_o valuit_fw-la jus_fw-la gentium_fw-la the_o law_n of_o nation_n must_v be_v preserve_v whence_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n protection_n be_v due_a unto_o ambassador_n though_o they_o shall_v be_v find_v plot_v against_o the_o state_n they_o be_v send_v unto_o that_o in_o sallust_n do_v more_o immediate_o respect_v the_o concomitant_n of_o ambassador_n than_o ambassador_n themselves_o and_o yet_o by_o a_o argument_n draw_v from_o that_o which_o be_v less_o credible_a to_o that_o which_o be_v more_o may_v serve_v to_o prove_v what_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n allow_v to_o ambassador_n in_o the_o case_n aforesaid_a sallust_n speak_v of_o bomilcar_n who_o come_v to_o rome_n as_o a_o assistant_n in_o the_o embassage_n but_o be_v find_v stir_v up_o the_o citizen_n to_o rebellion_n say_v thus_o fit_a reus_fw-la magis_fw-la ex_fw-la aequo_fw-la bonoque_fw-la quam_fw-la ex_fw-la jure_fw-la gentium_fw-la he_o be_v make_v guilty_a rather_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o equity_n than_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n where_o by_o aequum_fw-la &_o bonum_fw-la be_v mean_v the_o mere_a law_n of_o nature_n which_o require_v that_o he_o that_o do_v evil_a shall_v suffer_v for_o it_o be_v find_v but_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n except_v from_o this_o general_a rule_n ambassador_n and_o such_o as_o like_o they_o come_v upon_o the_o security_n of_o the_o public_a faith_n wherefore_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n that_o ambassador_n shall_v be_v hold_v guilty_a as_o many_o other_o thing_n be_v which_o be_v permit_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n our_o conjecture_n also_o may_v be_v thus_o guide_v most_o probable_a it_o be_v that_o the_o privilege_n grant_v to_o ambassador_n be_v somewhat_o more_o than_o what_o be_v due_a unto_o other_o by_o common_a right_n but_o in_o case_n they_o be_v no_o long_o to_o be_v secure_v than_o whilst_o they_o live_v regular_o what_o have_v they_o more_o than_o other_o beside_o the_o benefit_n that_o
and_o receive_v according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o contract_n for_o he_o that_o steal_v or_o rob_v i_o of_o what_o be_v i_o do_v for_o that_o very_a thing_n bound_v himself_o to_o undergo_v such_o a_o punishment_n and_o a_o little_a after_o under_o the_o name_n of_o contract_n the_o ancient_n comprehend_v not_o only_o such_o as_o be_v make_v by_o mutual_a agreement_n but_o such_o also_o as_o be_v forbid_v by_o the_o law_n under_o such_o a_o penalty_n iii_o in_o who_o this_o right_a of_o punish_v be_v natural_o but_o yet_o to_o who_o this_o right_a of_o punish_v offender_n be_v due_a be_v not_o by_o nature_n itself_o determine_v this_o natural_a reason_n dictate_v that_o a_o malefactor_n may_v be_v punish_v but_o not_o who_o shall_v punish_v he_o this_o only_a nature_n prompt_v we_o to_o that_o it_o be_v most_o convenient_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v do_v by_o one_o that_o be_v his_o superior_a neither_o do_v she_o demonstrate_v this_o to_o be_v altogether_o necessary_a unless_o by_o superior_a we_o understand_v he_o that_o be_v innocent_a and_o that_o we_o detrude_v the_o nocent_a beneath_o the_o degree_n of_o man_n and_o rank_v they_o with_o beast_n which_o be_v subject_a unto_o man_n thus_o democritus_n ascribe_v it_o to_o nature_n that_o the_o better_a shall_v govern_v the_o worse_a and_o aristotle_n observe_v that_o in_o that_o order_n that_o nature_n have_v place_v every_o thing_n that_o which_o be_v worse_a be_v have_v for_o the_o use_n and_o service_n of_o that_o which_o be_v better_a which_o also_o hold_v true_a as_o well_o in_o artificial_a thing_n as_o in_o natural_a the_o consequence_n whereof_o be_v that_o he_o that_o be_v nocent_a ought_v not_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o he_o that_o be_v at_o least_o equal_o nocent_a for_o he_o that_o sit_v as_o judge_v to_o punish_v malefactor_n shall_v himself_o be_v free_a not_o only_o from_o that_o particular_a crime_n but_o from_o all_o other_o that_o may_v render_v he_o obnoxious_a to_o the_o same_o punishment_n whence_o arise_v that_o of_o our_o saviour_n to_o the_o pharisee_n let_v he_o among_o you_o that_o be_v without_o sin_n 8.7_o jos_n 8.7_o cast_v the_o first_o stone_n at_o she_o which_o he_o therefore_o speak_v because_o at_o that_o time_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o jew_n be_v extreme_o corrupt_v insomuch_o that_o they_o who_o will_v seem_v to_o be_v the_o great_a saint_n be_v observe_v to_o wallow_v like_o swine_n in_o adultery_n and_o such_o like_a grievous_a sin_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o that_o of_o the_o apostle_n to_o the_o roman_n rom_n 2.22_o wherefore_o thou_o be_v inexcusable_a o_o man_n whoever_o thou_o be_v that_o judge_v for_o in_o that_o thou_o judge_v another_o thou_o condemne_v thyself_o see_v thou_o that_o judge_v do_v the_o same_o thing_n whereunto_o appertain_v that_o of_o seneca_n non_fw-la potest_fw-la ullam_fw-la authoritatem_fw-la habere_fw-la sententia_fw-la ubi_fw-la qui_fw-la damnandus_fw-la est_fw-la damnat_fw-la that_o sentence_n can_v never_o carry_v any_o face_n of_o authority_n where_o he_o that_o condemn_v another_o may_v as_o just_o be_v condemn_v himself_o for_o as_o st._n ambrose_n say_v in_o the_o apology_n of_o david_n he_o that_o go_v about_o to_o judge_v another_o ought_v first_o to_o judge_n himself_o and_o not_o rash_o to_o condemn_v the_o error_n and_o oversight_n of_o other_o man_n when_o he_o daily_o commit_v far_o great_a himself_n it_o be_v very_o good_a advice_n that_o st._n ambrose_n give_v judicet_fw-la ille_fw-la de_fw-la alterius_fw-la errore_fw-la 7._o grat._n cap._n 3._o q._n 7._o qui_fw-la non_fw-la habet_fw-la in_o seipso_fw-la quod_fw-la condemnet_fw-la &c_n &c_n let_v he_o be_v judge_n of_o the_o error_n of_o other_o that_o hatb_n in_o himself_o nothing_o condemnable_a let_v he_o be_v judge_n that_o be_v not_o guilty_a of_o the_o same_o crime_n that_o he_o deem_v worthy_a to_o be_v condemn_v in_o another_o lest_o whilst_o he_o judge_v another_o he_o pronounce_v sentence_n against_o himself_o let_v we_o in_o the_o first_o place_n then_o consider_v with_o ourselves_o numquid_fw-la ipsi_fw-la tale_n commisimus_fw-la whether_o we_o ourselves_o have_v not_o commit_v the_o like_a and_o the_o regard_n that_o every_o man_n have_v to_o his_o own_o safety_n will_v make_v he_o more_o moderate_a in_o pass_v judgement_n on_o other_o iv_o to_o what_o end_n punishment_n be_v ordain_v another_o question_n here_o arise_v concern_v the_o end_n we_o propose_v to_o ourselves_o in_o punish_v for_o what_o we_o have_v hitherto_o say_v amount_v to_o no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o the_o guilty_a person_n have_v no_o wrong_n do_v he_o in_o case_n he_o be_v punish_v but_o from_o hence_o it_o do_v not_o necessary_o follow_v that_o he_o must_v be_v punish_v nor_o be_v it_o true_a for_o both_o god_n and_o man_n we_o see_v do_v pardon_v many_o man_n many_o offence_n and_o be_v high_o commend_v for_o it_o for_o as_o plato_n first_o and_o after_o he_o seneca_n well_o observe_v there_o be_v no_o wise_a man_n that_o punish_v a_o offender_n simple_o because_o he_o have_v offend_v but_o because_o he_o shall_v not_o offend_v again_o for_o what_o be_v once_o do_v can_v be_v recall_v but_o what_o be_v to_o come_v may_v be_v prevent_v therefore_o all_o punishment_n relate_v to_o the_o time_n to_o come_v non_fw-la irascitur_fw-la sed_fw-la cavet_fw-la he_o that_o punish_v be_v not_o angry_a but_o provident_a diodorus_n in_o thucydides_n speak_v to_o the_o athenian_n concern_v the_o mitylenean_n say_v that_o they_o have_v indeed_o do_v very_o unjust_o but_o not_o so_o as_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v destroy_v unless_o it_o shall_v be_v find_v expedient_a but_o these_o thing_n be_v true_a in_o punishment_n among_o man_n because_o we_o be_v all_o link_v together_o in_o bond_n of_o consanguinity_n so_o that_o we_o shall_v not_o hurt_v one_o another_o unless_o it_o be_v for_o a_o more_o general_a good_a for_o if_o one_o hand_n hurt_v another_o say_v cassiodore_n that_o which_o be_v hurt_v will_v not_o rise_v up_o in_o revenge_n against_o the_o other_o no_o more_o shall_v one_o man_n revenge_v himself_o upon_o another_o unless_o it_o be_v for_o the_o prevention_n of_o some_o great_a evil_n they_o therefore_o that_o punish_v malefactor_n with_o stripe_n banishment_n or_o fine_n do_v it_o not_o simple_o out_o of_o revenge_n but_o in_o pursuance_n of_o some_o future_a good_a that_o may_v thereby_o arise_v but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o in_o god_n unto_o who_o plato_n do_v misapply_v those_o sentence_n for_o the_o action_n of_o god_n may_v be_v ground_v upon_o his_o very_a right_n of_o sovereignty_n especial_o when_o they_o be_v apply_v to_o some_o special_a sin_n of_o man_n although_o they_o propose_v to_o themselves_o no_o end_n beyond_o themselves_o and_o thus_o do_v some_o of_o the_o hebrew_n expound_v that_o of_o solomon_n the_o lord_n have_v make_v all_o thing_n for_o themselves_o 16.4_o prov._n 16.4_o even_o the_o wicked_a for_o the_o day_n of_o wrath_n that_o be_v even_o when_o he_o punish_v the_o wicked_a he_o do_v it_o for_o no_o other_o end_n than_o to_o show_v that_o he_o can_v punish_v they_o thus_o he_o be_v say_v to_o raise_v up_o pharaoh_n 9.17_o exod._n 14.4_o rom._n 9.17_o that_o in_o he_o his_o power_n may_v be_v know_v and_o although_o we_o do_v admit_v of_o the_o more_o vulgar_a interpretation_n it_o come_v to_o the_o same_o sense_n namely_o that_o god_n be_v say_v to_o make_v all_o thing_n for_o himself_o that_o be_v by_o the_o right_n of_o that_o supereminent_a freedom_n and_o perfection_n that_o be_v in_o himself_o without_o seek_v or_o regard_v any_o thing_n without_o himself_o as_o he_o be_v say_v to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o himself_o because_o not_o bear_v of_o any_o certain_o the_o holy_a scripture_n do_v testify_v that_o god_n do_v sometime_o inflict_v punishment_n upon_o some_o notorious_a delinquent_n for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o to_o show_v his_o power_n as_o when_o he_o be_v say_v to_o rejoice_v at_o their_o calamity_n and_o to_o mock_v when_o their_o fear_n come_v deut._n 28_o 63._o isai_n 1.24_o second_o when_o in_o revenge_n for_o our_o foâ—mer_a provocation_n he_o be_v say_v to_o harden_v the_o heart_n and_o to_o blind_v the_o eye_n and_o to_o stop_v the_o ear_n as_o isai_n 6.10_o and_o three_o when_o in_o that_o last_o and_o great_a gaol-delivery_n he_o adjudge_v they_o to_o eternal_a torment_n after_o which_o there_o be_v no_o place_n or_o hope_n of_o amendment_n yea_o and_o some_o punishment_n even_o in_o this_o life_n that_o be_v inconspicuous_a such_o as_o be_v obduration_n and_o excecation_n do_v clear_o evince_v the_o truth_n of_o that_o which_o we_o object_n against_o plato_n but_o when_o one_o man_n punish_v another_o man_n who_o nature_n have_v make_v his_o equal_a he_o ought_v to_o propose_v some_o end_n unto_o hmself_n and_o this_o be_v it_o that_o the_o schoolman_n say_v that_o the_o
even_o these_o internal_a act_n as_o they_o have_v their_o influence_n upon_o the_o external_a act_n of_o the_o body_n have_v their_o estimation_n not_o proper_o of_o their_o own_o but_o as_o those_o external_a act_n deserve_v more_o or_o less_o punishment_n according_a to_o these_o internal_a one_o of_o the_o mind_n xix_o such_o as_o be_v inevitable_a to_o humane_a nature_n those_o act_n that_o be_v inevitable_a to_o humane_a nature_n be_v not_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o humane_a law_n for_o though_o nothing_o be_v impute_v to_o we_o as_o a_o sin_n but_o what_o have_v the_o concurrence_n of_o the_o will_n and_o be_v do_v free_o yet_o to_o abstain_v altogether_o and_o at_o all_o time_n from_o sin_n and_o over_o all_o temptation_n still_o to_o emerge_fw-la conqueror_n be_v above_o the_o strength_n and_o condition_n of_o humane_a nature_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o all_o sort_n and_o sect_n of_o man_n have_v esteem_v it_o natural_a for_o man_n to_o sin_n as_o among_o philosopher_n sopater_n hierocles_n seneca_n among_o jew_n philo_n among_o historian_n thucydides_n and_o among_o christian_n very_o many_o have_v leave_v we_o their_o testimony_n upon_o record_n 14._o sen._n de_fw-fr ira_fw-la c._n 14._o there_o be_v no_o man_n to_o be_v find_v that_o can_v in_o all_o thing_n justify_v himself_o say_v seneca_n a_o little_a before_o he_o have_v say_v 9_o c._n 9_o among_o other_o the_o calamity_n that_o attend_v mortal_n this_o be_v one_o namely_o the_o darkne_v of_o the_o understanding_n which_o betray_v we_o not_o only_o to_o a_o necessity_n of_o err_a but_o to_o the_o love_n of_o error_n 17._o c._n 17._o and_o present_o after_o quis_fw-la ille_fw-la est_fw-la qui_fw-la se_fw-la profitetur_fw-la omnibus_fw-la legibus_fw-la innocentem_fw-la who_o be_v he_o that_o can_v plead_v his_o innocency_n to_o all_o the_o law_n and_o in_o another_o place_n 8._o de_fw-fr clem._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o peccavimus_fw-la omnes_fw-la etc._n etc._n we_o have_v all_o sin_v some_o more_o some_o less_o some_o intentional_o other_o haply_o by_o the_o persuasion_n of_o other_o or_o violent_o carry_v away_o by_o the_o lewdness_n of_o another_o some_o of_o we_o through_o levity_n not_o adhere_v to_o good_a counsel_n and_o some_o upon_o the_o sudden_a approach_n of_o danger_n lose_v our_o innocency_n though_o unwilling_o and_o not_o without_o some_o reluctancy_n neither_o do_v we_o sin_v only_o for_o the_o present_a but_o we_o will_v continue_v sin_v to_o our_o death_n and_o although_o a_o man_n do_v purge_v his_o conscience_n never_o so_o well_o so_o that_o nothing_o do_v either_o disturb_v or_o deceive_v he_o yet_o be_v it_o but_o by_o sin_v that_o we_o arrive_v at_o this_o innocency_n thus_o likewise_o belisarius_n in_o procopius_n not_o at_o all_o to_o sin_n fall_v not_o under_o the_o power_n of_o humane_a nature_n neither_o can_v our_o weakness_n bear_v it_o si_fw-mi puniendus_fw-la est_fw-la 3._o goth._n 3._o cuique_fw-la pravum_fw-la maleficumque_fw-la ingenium_fw-la est_fw-la poena_fw-la neminem_fw-la excipiet_fw-la if_o say_v seneca_n every_o man_n that_o be_v of_o a_o deprave_a nature_n be_v to_o be_v necessary_o punish_v no_o man_n will_v go_v unpunished_a to_o the_o same_o purpose_n be_v that_o of_o sopater_n he_o that_o will_v so_o punish_v as_o if_o he_o will_v have_v man_n altogether_o without_o fault_n must_v needs_o exceed_v the_o natural_a bound_n of_o correction_n of_o the_o same_o mind_n be_v diodorus_n siculus_n strict_o to_o observe_v whatever_o be_v do_v amiss_o and_o severe_o to_o punish_v every_o offence_n be_v a_o wrong_n do_v to_o humane_a frailty_n and_o to_o forget_v the_o weakness_n that_o be_v common_a to_o all_o mankind_n for_o as_o the_o same_o sopater_n say_v wise_o our_o lesser_a and_o as_o it_o be_v daily_o slip_v of_o infirmity_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v connive_v at_o than_o punish_v and_o indeed_o it_o may_v well_o be_v doubt_v whether_o such_o as_o these_o may_v proper_o be_v call_v sin_n because_o though_o we_o have_v freedom_n as_o to_o this_o or_o that_o sin_n to_o do_v it_o or_o not_o to_o do_v it_o yet_o not_o at_o all_o to_o sin_n in_o respect_n of_o our_o natural_a frailty_n be_v impossible_a every_o law_n then_o as_o plutarch_n in_o solon_n say_v shall_v command_v thing_n possible_a if_o it_o intend_v to_o punish_v a_o few_o profitable_o and_o not_o a_o multitude_n unprofitable_o some_o sin_n there_o be_v that_o be_v inevitable_a not_o simple_o to_o mankind_n in_o general_n but_o to_o this_o or_o that_o particular_a person_n or_o to_o this_o or_o that_o particular_a time_n or_o age_n by_o reason_n of_o such_o or_o such_o a_o temperament_n of_o the_o body_n strong_o incline_v the_o mind_n as_o seneca_n observe_v morum_fw-la varietates_fw-la mixtura_fw-la elementorum_fw-la facit_fw-la the_o variety_n that_o there_o be_v in_o man_n manner_n be_v occasion_v by_o the_o various_a mixture_n of_o the_o element_n or_o by_o some_o overgrow_a custom_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v usual_o punish_v not_o so_o much_o for_o themselves_o as_o for_o some_o former_a error_n as_o either_o for_o neglect_v the_o remedy_n whereby_o they_o may_v have_v be_v prevent_v or_o because_o those_o disease_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v voluntary_o contract_v lot_n daughter_n make_v he_o drink_v and_o then_o lie_v with_o he_o inebriaverunt_fw-la grat._n can._n 15._o q._n 1._o c._n inebriaverunt_fw-la but_o he_o know_v it_o not_o whereupon_o st._n aug._n pass_v this_o sentence_n on_o he_o that_o he_o deserve_v to_o be_v punish_v not_o for_o his_o incest_n but_o for_o his_o drunkenness_n xx._n nor_o those_o that_o be_v neither_o direct_o nor_o indirect_o destructive_a to_o humane_a society_n three_o neither_o be_v those_o sin_n to_o be_v punish_v by_o humane_a law_n which_o be_v neither_o direct_o nor_o indirect_o against_o humane_a society_n or_o against_o any_o other_o man_n because_o there_o can_v be_v no_o reason_n assign_v why_o such_o offence_n shall_v not_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o supreme_a tribunal_n of_o god_n himself_o who_o be_v most_o wise_a to_o understand_v most_o righteous_a to_o perpend_v and_o weigh_v and_o most_o mighty_a to_o revenge_v and_o punish_v they_o wherefore_o all_o humane_a punishment_n as_o to_o such_o sin_n be_v plain_o unprofitable_a and_o therefore_o vain_a hence_o notwithstanding_o we_o be_v to_o except_v such_o punishment_n as_o tend_v only_o to_o reformation_n although_o haply_o it_o may_v no_o way_n concern_v other_o neither_o be_v those_o sin_n to_o be_v punish_v by_o humane_a law_n which_o be_v opposite_a to_o such_o virtue_n as_o the_o law_n do_v not_o compel_v but_o persuade_v only_o and_o exhort_v we_o unto_o as_o those_o of_o mercy_n liberality_n gratitude_n etc._n etc._n seneca_n discuss_v this_o question_n whether_o the_o sin_n of_o ingratitude_n be_v punishable_a resolve_v it_o thus_o cum_fw-la res_fw-la honestissima_fw-la sit_fw-la refer_v gratiam_fw-la 7._o de_fw-fr benef._n lib._n 3._o c._n 6_o 7._o desinit_fw-la honesta_fw-la esse_fw-la si_fw-la necessaria_fw-la sit_fw-la since_o to_o be_v thankful_a be_v a_o thing_n eminent_o honest_a it_o will_v cease_v to_o be_v so_o be_v it_o necessary_a which_o he_o thus_o explain_v in_o the_o subsequent_a word_n for_o say_v he_o if_o to_o be_v unthankful_a be_v punishable_a no_o man_n will_v more_o commend_v a_o thankful_a man_n than_o he_o do_v that_o man_n that_o restore_v what_o be_v deposit_v with_o he_o in_o trust_n or_o that_o man_n that_o pay_v his_o just_a debt_n neither_o whereof_o can_v with_o honesty_n be_v detain_v and_o therefore_o be_v not_o courtesy_n but_o debt_n which_o whoso_o willing_o pay_v we_o do_v not_o so_o proper_o commend_v as_o discharge_v he_o non_fw-la erat_fw-la res_fw-la gloriosa_fw-la gratum_fw-la esse_fw-la 23._o lib._n 4._o cont._n 23._o nisi_fw-la ingratum_fw-la fuisse_fw-la tutum_fw-la fit_n it_o be_v not_o so_o lovely_a so_o grateful_a a_o thing_n to_o be_v thankful_a if_o to_o be_v unthankful_a be_v not_o safe_a he_o that_o provide_v alimony_n for_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n or_o that_o feed_v and_o pay_v his_o servant_n for_o their_o labour_n deserve_v not_o thereby_o the_o honour_n of_o be_v repute_v liberal_a or_o charitable_a because_o haply_o he_o do_v it_o for_o fear_n of_o the_o law_n which_o have_v power_n to_o force_v he_o to_o do_v it_o but_o he_o that_o relieve_v the_o poor_a clothes_v the_o naked_a redeem_v the_o captive_a we_o common_o magnify_v and_o extol_v for_o his_o charity_n 24._o contr._n l._n 4._o contr._n 23._o controu._n 24._o because_o these_o act_n depend_v whole_o upon_o the_o freedom_n of_o the_o will_n and_o if_o he_o do_v they_o not_o no_o law_n can_v punish_v he_o so_o seneca_n the_o father_n thou_o will_v say_v unto_o i_o we_o be_v not_o where_o command_v to_o do_v this_o whereunto_o he_o answer_v huius_fw-la rei_fw-la aestimatio_fw-la immensa_fw-la est_fw-la itaque_fw-la nulla_fw-la vindicte_fw-la est_fw-la because_o the_o esteem_n of_o a_o grateful_a man_n be_v so_o precious_a for_o as_o
subject_n xvi_o or_o haply_o when_o the_o life_n of_o a_o innocent_a person_n or_o somewhat_o that_o be_v equal_a unto_o it_o can_v otherwise_o be_v preserve_v xvii_o that_o it_o be_v lawful_a by_o false_a speak_v to_o deceive_v a_o enemy_n by_o who_o assert_v xviii_o this_n not_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o word_n promissory_a xix_o nor_o to_o that_o which_o we_o affirm_v upon_o oath_n xx._n but_o it_o be_v more_o generous_a and_o more_o agreeable_a to_o our_o christian_a simplicity_n to_o abstain_v from_o falsehood_n even_o to_o our_o enemy_n xxi_o that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o we_o to_o compel_v another_o to_o do_v that_o which_o be_v lawful_a for_o we_o to_o do_v but_o not_o for_o he_o xxii_o it_o may_v notwithstanding_o be_v lawful_a for_o we_o to_o make_v use_n of_o his_o service_n that_o free_o offer_v it_o i._o the_o order_n and_o method_n of_o this_o book_n who_o may_v make_v war_n and_o for_o what_o cause_n we_o have_v see_v it_o follow_v that_o we_o inquire_v what_o in_o war_n may_v be_v lawful_a how_o far_o forth_o and_o by_o what_o mean_v we_o may_v prosecute_v it_o which_o we_o be_v to_o inspect_v either_o simple_o or_o in_o reference_n to_o some_o antecedent_n promise_n or_o agreement_n simple_o in_o itself_o and_o that_o first_o according_a to_o what_o be_v justifiable_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o then_o according_a to_o what_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n let_v we_o see_v what_o be_v lawful_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n ii_o thing_n necessary_a to_o the_o end_n lawful_a in_o war._n first_o then_o as_o we_o have_v often_o say_v before_o in_o moral_n those_o thing_n that_o conduce_v to_o the_o end_n do_v receive_v their_o true_a intrinsic_a value_n from_o the_o end_n wherefore_o whatsoever_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o end_n that_o be_v to_o receive_v or_o recover_v his_o own_o right_a take_v the_o word_n necessary_a not_o physical_o but_o moral_o that_o we_o be_v understand_v to_o have_v a_o right_n unto_o a_o right_a i_o say_v strict_o so_o call_v as_o namely_o it_o signify_v a_o power_n or_o faculty_n of_o do_v in_o the_o sole_a respect_n of_o society_n wherefore_o if_o i_o can_v otherwise_o preserve_v my_o life_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o i_o by_o what_o force_n soever_o to_o repel_v he_o that_o will_v take_v it_o away_o though_o haply_o he_o that_o attempt_v it_o be_v without_o fault_n because_o this_o right_n of_o defend_v my_o own_o life_n do_v not_o proper_o arise_v from_o another_o man_n sin_n but_o from_o the_o right_a that_o nature_n have_v grant_v unto_o i_o to_o defend_v myself_o whereby_o also_o i_o be_o empower_v to_o take_v away_o from_o another_o that_o whereby_o my_o life_n will_v otherwise_o be_v certain_o endanger_v without_o any_o respect_n at_o all_o have_v to_o his_o sin_n and_o to_o possess_v myself_o of_o it_o not_o as_o its_o right_a owner_n for_o this_o be_v not_o indulge_v unto_o i_o for_o that_o end_n 10._o see_v second_o book_n chap._n 2._o §._o 10._o but_o to_o keep_v it_o so_o long_o as_o be_v necessary_a for_o my_o own_o security_n so_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n i_o have_v a_o right_a to_o take_v away_o from_o another_o that_o which_o he_o have_v former_o take_v from_o i_o or_o if_o that_o can_v easy_o be_v do_v yet_o to_o take_v that_o which_o be_v equivalent_a unto_o it_o as_o also_o for_o the_o recovery_n of_o my_o just_a debt_n and_o from_o hence_o will_v also_o ensue_v propriety_n or_o dominion_n because_o that_o breach_n that_o be_v make_v in_o equality_n can_v otherwise_o be_v repair_v so_o where_o a_o punishment_n be_v just_o due_a there_o all_o manner_n of_o force_n and_o violence_n be_v lawful_a and_o just_a if_o that_o punishment_n can_v be_v have_v without_o it_o and_o so_o whatsoever_o be_v a_o part_n of_o that_o punishment_n as_o the_o destruction_n of_o corn_n cattle_n the_o fire_n of_o house_n town_n city_n and_o the_o like_a be_v also_o just_a so_o long_o as_o they_o exceed_v not_o in_o measure_n but_o keep_v proportion_n with_o the_o offence_n iii_o a_o right_n in_o war_n may_v arise_v from_o some_o subsequent_a cause_n in_o its_o prosecution_n second_o we_o must_v know_v that_o what_o be_v our_o right_n be_v not_o to_o be_v adjudge_v by_o the_o first_o cause_n of_o the_o war_n only_o but_o from_o other_o emergent_a cause_n which_o arise_v in_o the_o prosecution_n of_o it_o so_o we_o have_v see_v in_o our_o court_n of_o justice_n after_o a_o cause_n have_v be_v well_o argue_v a_o new_a right_n have_v often_o arise_v to_o a_o party_n which_o be_v not_o before_o think_v on_o thus_o they_o that_o shall_v associate_v with_o he_o that_o invade_v i_o be_v they_o either_o associate_n or_o subject_n do_v give_v i_o a_o right_a to_o defend_v myself_o against_o they_o so_o also_o they_o that_o shall_v join_v themselves_o with_o other_o in_o a_o war_n that_o be_v unjust_a especial_o if_o they_o may_v or_o aught_o to_o know_v it_o to_o be_v so_o do_v oblige_v themselves_o to_o repair_v the_o damage_n and_o to_o pay_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o war_n because_o they_o have_v cause_v it_o by_o their_o own_o default_n so_o likewise_o they_o that_o rash_o thrust_v themselves_o into_o a_o war_n undertake_v without_o any_o probable_a reason_n deserve_v to_o be_v punish_v according_a to_o the_o injustice_n of_o their_o action_n for_o so_o long_o do_v plato_n approve_v of_o the_o war_n donec_fw-la hi_o qui_fw-la sontes_fw-la sunt_fw-la cogantur_fw-la insontibus_fw-la male_a affectis_fw-la poenas_fw-la dare_fw-mi until_o the_o guilty_a party_n be_v compel_v to_o give_v satisfaction_n to_o those_o who_o be_v innocent_a have_v be_v injure_v by_o they_o iv_o some_o thing_n may_v be_v gain_v without_o injury_n indirect_o which_o purposely_o be_v not_o lawful_a we_o must_v observe_v also_o in_o the_o three_o place_n that_o whilst_o we_o execute_v the_o right_a that_o nature_n give_v we_o either_o to_o defend_v ourselves_o or_o to_o recover_v our_o own_o many_o thing_n do_v indirect_o and_o beyond_o our_o purpose_n accrue_v unto_o we_o whereunto_o we_o can_v otherwise_o have_v no_o right_n at_o all_o how_o this_o rule_n hold_v in_o case_n of_o our_o own_o necessary_a defence_n we_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v so_o in_o the_o recovery_n of_o what_o be_v our_o own_o if_o we_o can_v get_v just_a as_o much_o as_o be_v we_o we_o may_v take_v more_o but_o on_o condition_n that_o we_o restore_v the_o surplusage_n to_o the_o right_a owner_n so_o a_o ship_n wherein_o there_o be_v many_o pirate_n or_o a_o house_n wherein_o be_v many_o thief_n may_v be_v batter_v down_o or_o sink_v though_o it_o be_v to_o the_o endanger_n of_o many_o infant_n woman_n and_o such_o like_a innocent_a person_n that_o be_v accidental_o mix_v among_o they_o but_o this_o must_v ever_o be_v observe_v that_o non_fw-la semper_fw-la omni_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la licitum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la juri_fw-la strictè_fw-la sumpto_fw-la congruit_fw-la we_o be_v not_o always_o to_o extend_v our_o right_n to_o its_o extremity_n for_o not_o every_o thing_n that_o be_v strict_o due_a be_v always_o and_o altogether_o lawful_a for_o sometime_o our_o compassion_n towards_o the_o innocent_a and_o our_o charity_n towards_o our_o neighbour_n will_v not_o suffer_v we_o to_o exercise_v our_o full_a right_n wherefore_o in_o such_o case_n we_o ought_v to_o be_v circumspect_a and_o as_o much_o as_o in_o we_o lie_v to_o foresee_v and_o to_o avoid_v all_o such_o contingency_n which_o may_v fall_v out_o beyond_o that_o which_o we_o principal_o aim_v at_o unless_o the_o good_a that_o we_o aim_v at_o be_v far_o great_a than_o the_o evil_a that_o we_o fear_v or_o unless_o where_o the_o good_a and_o evil_a be_v equal_a our_o hope_n of_o obtain_v the_o good_a be_v great_a than_o our_o fear_n of_o the_o evil_n can_v be_v whereof_o prudence_n be_v the_o best_a judge_n yet_o so_o that_o whensoever_o the_o case_n shall_v happen_v to_o be_v doubtful_a we_o always_o incline_v to_o that_o part_n which_o provide_v rather_o for_o another_o safety_n than_o our_o own_o as_o be_v much_o the_o safe_a and_o if_o a_o error_n yet_o it_o fall_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n 13.29_o mat._n 13.29_o let_v the_o tare_n grow_v up_o with_o the_o wheat_n say_v our_o best_a master_n lest_o while_o you_o pluck_v up_o they_o you_o pull_v up_o the_o wheat_n also_o multos_fw-la occidere_fw-la &_o indiscretos_fw-la incendii_fw-la &_o ruinae_fw-la potentia_fw-la est_fw-la to_o destroy_v whole_a multitude_n say_v seneca_n without_o distinction_n argue_v a_o power_n proper_a to_o the_o sudden_a irruption_n of_o fire_n or_o the_o fall_n of_o some_o great_a building_n rather_o than_o the_o rage_n of_o a_o man_n and_o how_o much_o sorrow_n and_o penitence_n such_o a_o rash_a act_n cost_v the_o emperor_n theodosius_n upon_o the_o admonition_n
have_v sovereign_a power_n and_o how_o this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v v._o and_o that_o the_o war_n be_v solemn_o denounce_v vi_o whereunto_o what_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o what_o proper_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v require_v be_v handle_v distinct_o vii_o the_o denunciation_n of_o war_n be_v sometime_o conditional_a sometime_o simple_a and_o absolute_a viii_o in_o denunciation_n what_o belong_v to_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o not_o to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n ix_o war_n be_v denounce_v against_o a_o prince_n be_v denounce_v also_o against_o his_o subject_n and_o associate_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o they_o follow_v he_o x._o but_o not_o as_o by_o themselves_o consider_v this_o illustrate_v by_o example_n xi_o the_o reason_n why_o denunciation_n be_v requisite_a to_o some_o effect_n of_o war._n xii_o that_o these_o effect_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o other_o war_n xiii_o whether_o a_o war_n may_v be_v make_v as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v denounce_v fourteen_o whether_o against_o he_o that_o have_v violate_v the_o right_n of_o ambassador_n a_o war_n may_v be_v make_v though_o not_o denounce_v i._o a_o solemn_a war_n ought_v to_o be_v between_o two_o diverse_a nation_n we_o have_v already_o say_v 4._o say_v lib._n 1._o cap._n 3._o sect_n 4._o that_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o best_a author_n a_o war_n be_v ofttimes_o say_v to_o be_v just_o not_o from_o the_o cause_n that_o excite_v it_o nor_o from_o those_o heroic_a action_n that_o be_v do_v in_o it_o but_o from_o some_o peculiar_a effect_n of_o right_n which_o one_o war_n have_v more_o than_o another_o but_o what_o manner_n of_o war_n this_o be_v be_v best_a understand_v by_o the_o definition_n which_o the_o roman_n give_v of_o a_o enemy_n host_n sunt_fw-la qui_fw-la nobis_fw-la aut_fw-la quibus_fw-la nos_fw-la publicè_fw-la bellum_fw-la decernimus_fw-la they_o be_v enemy_n say_v pomponius_n against_o who_o we_o public_o denounce_v war_n or_o who_o do_v the_o like_a against_o we_o the_o rest_n be_v but_o pirate_n and_o robber_n to_o the_o very_a same_o purpose_n speak_v ulpian_n wherefore_o as_o he_o there_o add_v he_o that_o be_v take_v by_o robber_n be_v not_o a_o slave_n to_o those_o that_o take_v he_o neither_o need_v he_o recover_v his_o freedom_n by_o the_o right_n of_o postliminy_n ingenuam_fw-la l._n postliminium_fw-la sect_n 2._o d._n de_fw-fr cap._n l._n si_fw-la quis_fw-la ingenuam_fw-la as_o one_o that_o return_v out_o of_o captivity_n do_v a_o piratis_fw-la aut_fw-la latronibus_fw-la captus_fw-la libre_fw-la permanet_fw-la say_v paulus_n the_o lawyer_n he_o that_o be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o a_o robber_n or_o a_o pirate_n lose_v not_o thereby_o the_o privilege_n of_o a_o citizen_n as_o he_o do_v that_o be_v take_v prisoner_n in_o war_n by_o the_o german_n or_o by_o the_o parthian_n whereunto_o we_o may_v add_v that_o of_o ulpian_n in_o civil_a dissension_n although_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v dangerous_o wound_v yet_o do_v not_o the_o contest_v extend_v to_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o state_n they_o that_o betake_v themselves_o to_o either_o part_n be_v not_o such_o mortal_a enemy_n as_o they_o be_v to_o who_o the_o right_a of_o captivate_a man_n and_o of_o postliminy_n belong_v and_o therefore_o though_o they_o be_v take_v and_o sell_v yet_o whensoever_o they_o shall_v recover_v their_o liberty_n they_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o petition_v their_o prince_n to_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o freedom_n because_o they_o never_o lose_v it_o by_o a_o just_a captivity_n this_o only_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o under_o the_o example_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n whosoever_o in_o any_o city_n or_o commonwealth_n have_v the_o supreme_a power_n have_v a_o right_a to_o make_v a_o just_a war_n according_a to_o that_o of_o cicero_n 4._o philip._n 4._o ille_fw-la hostess_fw-la est_fw-la qui_fw-la habet_fw-la rempublicam_fw-la curiam_fw-la aerarium_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o be_v account_v a_o enemy_n who_o enjoy_v a_o commonwealth_n a_o court_n a_o treasury_n the_o consent_n and_o concord_n of_o citizen_n with_o some_o regard_n have_v if_o the_o matter_n require_v it_o to_o peace_n and_o league_n the_o word_n host_n signify_v proper_o a_o equal_a which_o pirate_n and_o robber_n can_v be_v to_o sovereign_a prince_n and_o therefore_o they_o can_v be_v say_v to_o make_v a_o just_a war._n ii_o a_o distinction_n between_o a_o nation_n do_v thing_n unjust_o and_o pirate_n and_o robber_n neither_o do_v a_o commonwealth_n cease_v to_o be_v a_o commonwealth_n because_o some_o act_n of_o injustice_n be_v public_o and_o general_o commit_v by_o they_o nor_o be_v robber_n or_o pirate_n to_o be_v deem_v a_o civil_a society_n because_o haply_o they_o do_v observe_v some_o kind_n of_o equality_n between_o themselves_o without_o which_o no_o society_n can_v possible_o long_o subsist_v for_o these_o latter_a be_v not_o as_o procopius_n speak_v 2._o speak_v vand._n 2._o turba_n hominum_fw-la lege_fw-la congregata_fw-la sed_fw-la injustitiae_fw-la causa_fw-la in_fw-la unum_fw-la coacta_fw-la a_o company_n of_o man_n associate_v under_o a_o law_n but_o force_v to_o unite_v to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o the_o law_n whereas_o the_o former_a though_o guilty_a sometime_o of_o some_o injustice_n and_o so_o not_o without_o some_o fault_n yet_o do_v they_o associate_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o own_o right_n and_o do_v right_o unto_o foreigner_n though_o haply_o not_o in_o all_o thing_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o in_o many_o place_n be_v almost_o obliterated_a yet_o certain_o according_a to_o those_o covenant_n and_o agreement_n which_o they_o have_v make_v with_o every_o nation_n or_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n by_o they_o use_v 1._o lib._n 1._o this_o the_o scholiast_n upon_o thucydides_n observe_v that_o whilst_o the_o grecian_n preach_v piracy_n as_o a_o lawful_a call_v they_o at_o the_o same_o time_n abstain_v from_o murder_n from_o rob_v by_o night_n and_o from_o drive_v away_o the_o ox_n that_o plough_v the_o earth_n 2._o lib._n 2._o and_o strabo_n record_v it_o of_o divers_a other_o nation_n who_o though_o they_o live_v by_o piracy_n yet_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o return_v home_o will_v send_v to_o the_o right_a owner_n that_o if_o they_o will_v they_o may_v redeem_v their_o good_n at_o indifferent_a prize_n and_o hitherto_o we_o may_v also_o refer_v that_o of_o homer_n ipsi_fw-la etiam_fw-la rapti_fw-la avidi_fw-la qui_fw-la aliena_fw-la pererrant_fw-la littora_fw-la concessu_fw-la superûm_fw-la si_fw-la praeda_fw-la reperta_fw-la est_fw-la navibus_fw-la impletis_fw-la abeunt_fw-la &_o vela_fw-la retorquent_fw-la quip_n deos_fw-la metuunt_fw-la memores_fw-la fandi_fw-la atque_fw-la nefandi_fw-la greedy_n of_o gain_n to_o foreign_a coast_n they_o stray_v if_o by_o their_o starry_a guide_n they_o find_v a_o prey_n with_o sail_n retort_v they_o go_v their_o ship_n full_o fraught_v fear_v the_o god_n mind_v what_o be_v good_a what_o be_v nought_o the_o ancient_a norman_n account_v piracy_n a_o honourable_a trade_n to_o live_v by_o and_o plutarch_n note_n of_o the_o scipii_n that_o they_o be_v extreme_o corrupt_v yet_o a_o commonwealth_n although_o they_o rob_v even_o such_o merchant_n as_o come_v in_o a_o friendly_a way_n to_o traffic_v with_o they_o but_o in_o moral_n the_o principal_a part_n give_v form_n to_o the_o whole_a and_o as_o cicero_n well_o observe_v 5._o de_fw-fr finibus_fw-la 5._o because_o it_o contain_v the_o most_o part_n and_o spread_v far_a therefore_o it_o give_v denomination_n to_o the_o whole_a to_o the_o same_o sense_n be_v that_o also_o of_o galen_n in_o temperament_n the_o denomination_n be_v always_o take_v from_o that_o which_o be_v the_o great_a portion_n wherefore_o cicero_n be_v very_o crude_a in_o his_o expression_n in_o say_v that_o when_o the_o king_n be_v unjust_a the_o noble_n unjust_a and_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o people_n so_o it_o be_v not_o so_o proper_o a_o corrupt_a commonwealth_n as_o none_o at_o all_o which_o sentence_n of_o cicero_n st._n augustine_n thus_o correct_v neither_o can_v i_o therefore_o say_v true_o that_o that_o people_n be_v no_o people_n 24._o de_fw-fr civit._fw-la dei_fw-la lib._n 19_o c._n 24._o or_o that_o commonwealth_n no_o commonwealth_n so_o long_o as_o there_o remain_v any_o society_n of_o a_o rational_a multitude_n unanimous_o congregat_v for_o the_o mutual_a defence_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o they_o love_v a_o body_n though_o disease_a yet_o remain_v a_o body_n and_o a_o city_n be_v still_o a_o city_n so_o long_o as_o it_o have_v law_n and_o execute_v judgement_n and_o have_v other_o mean_n necessary_a for_o both_o native_n and_o stranger_n to_o preserve_v or_o recover_v their_o just_a right_n that_o which_o dion_n chrysostome_n observe_v come_v much_o near_a to_o truth_n who_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o law_n especial_o that_o of_o nation_n be_v in_o a_o city_n as_o the_o soul_n in_o a_o humane_a body_n which_o be_v take_v away_o it_o remain_v no_o long_o
no_o other_o herald_n to_o proclaim_v it_o than_o nature_n itself_o and_o herein_o be_v that_o of_o dion_n chrysostome_n verify_v that_o many_o war_n be_v make_v which_o be_v never_o denounce_v neither_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n else_o that_o livy_n blame_v in_o menippus_n king_n antiochus_n general_n but_o that_o he_o have_v slay_v certain_a roman_n before_o any_o war_n be_v denounce_v or_o any_o hostile_a act_n have_v proceed_v so_o far_o as_o either_o to_o the_o draw_v of_o a_o weapon_n or_o the_o effusion_n of_o blood_n in_o any_o place_n intimate_v thereby_o that_o iâ—â—ither_o of_o these_o case_n that_o fact_n of_o menippus_n have_v be_v justifiable_a neither_o do_v the_o law_n of_o â—ature_n necessary_o require_v necessary_a so_o may_v the_o right_a owner_n apprehend_v his_o own_o without_o declare_v his_o intention_n but_o to_o recover_v a_o debt_n or_o one_o thing_n for_o another_o a_o predemand_v be_v necessary_a that_o the_o right_a owner_n be_v to_o apprehend_v what_o be_v his_o own_o shall_v first_o denounce_v war_n or_o declare_v his_o intention_n before_o he_o do_v it_o but_o so_o often_o as_o one_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o lieu_n of_o another_o or_o the_o good_n of_o a_o debtor_n attach_v for_o a_o debt_n there_o a_o predemand_v be_v necessary_a much_o more_o be_v it_o necessary_a when_o the_o good_n of_o subject_n be_v to_o be_v seize_v for_o the_o debt_n of_o their_o prince_n that_o thereby_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o we_o have_v no_o other_o mean_n or_o way_n leave_v but_o by_o war_n to_o recover_v either_o our_o own_o or_o what_o be_v due_a unto_o we_o for_o the_o right_n that_o we_o have_v in_o the_o thing_n so_o seize_v be_v no_o primary_n but_o a_o surrogated_a right_n as_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o declare_v the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o he_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a authority_n who_o can_v just_o be_v invade_v for_o either_o the_o debt_n or_o the_o fault_n of_o his_o subject_n until_o satisfaction_n have_v be_v demand_v which_o if_o deny_v render_v the_o prince_n also_o culpable_a either_o by_o participate_v with_o they_o in_o the_o wrong_n do_v or_o at_o least_o by_o omit_v what_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v 7._o 2._o what_o in_o these_o case_n nature_n require_v not_o yet_o may_v be_v do_v honest_o and_o laudable_o vid._n lib._n 2._o c._n 23._o sect_n 7._o according_a to_o those_o rule_n which_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o give_v nay_o far_o even_o where_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v not_o require_v any_o such_o demand_n to_o be_v make_v yet_o may_v it_o be_v do_v both_o honest_o and_o honourable_o to_o the_o end_n that_o man_n may_v be_v more_o careful_a to_o abstain_v from_o give_v offence_n and_o that_o those_o already_o give_v may_v be_v expiate_v by_o confession_n and_o satisfaction_n according_a to_o those_o rule_n which_o i_o have_v already_o prescribe_v for_o the_o prevention_n of_o those_o mischief_n which_o do_v usual_o accompany_v war_n whereunto_o even_o that_o also_o appertain_v extrema_fw-la primo_fw-la nemo_fw-la tentavit_fw-la loco_fw-la no_o man_n at_o first_o unto_o extreme_n will_v fly_v when_o all_o israel_n be_v ready_a to_o fall_v on_o the_o gibeonite_n to_o revenge_v the_o outrage_n do_v to_o the_o levite_n wife_n the_o elder_n restrain_v they_o urge_v 2._o deut._n 20.11_o jos_n ant._n l._n 5._o 2._o that_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a that_o they_o who_o be_v forbid_v by_o the_o law_n rash_o to_o make_v war_n upon_o stranger_n though_o just_o provoke_v till_o by_o their_o ambassador_n they_o have_v seek_v all_o mean_n to_o induce_v they_o to_o do_v they_o justice_n shall_v unadvised_o fall_v upon_o their_o brethren_n until_o they_o have_v first_o hear_v their_o grievance_n and_o deny_v satisfaction_n and_o as_o to_o that_o command_n which_o god_n give_v unto_o the_o israelite_n deut._n 20.2_o namely_o that_o before_o they_o fight_v against_o any_o city_n they_o shall_v offer_v they_o peace_n it_o be_v peculiar_o give_v to_o that_o nation_n and_o therefore_o not_o at_o all_o to_o be_v confound_v with_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n nor_o be_v that_o peace_n which_o be_v so_o offer_v a_o absolute_a peace_n but_o on_o this_o condition_n that_o they_o will_v submit_v and_o pay_v tribute_n when_o cyrus_n have_v march_v with_o his_o army_n into_o armenia_n 2._o xenoph._n hist_o l._n 2._o he_o forbear_v all_o hostile_a act_n till_o he_o have_v send_v ambassador_n to_o the_o king_n to_o require_v of_o he_o the_o tribute_n and_o succour_n by_o the_o league_n due_a esteem_v it_o as_o xenophon_n speak_v more_o friendly_a thus_o to_o proceed_v than_o to_o act_v far_o until_o he_o have_v declare_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o war._n nevertheless_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n as_o to_o those_o peculiar_a effect_n of_o a_o just_a war_n a_o public_a denunciation_n be_v in_o all_o case_n requisite_a if_o not_o on_o both_o side_n yet_o on_o one_o vii_o war_n denounce_v sometime_o conditional_o and_o sometime_o absolute_o this_o denunciation_n of_o war_n be_v sometime_o conditional_a and_o sometime_o absolute_a conditional_a when_o restitution_n or_o satisfaction_n be_v demand_v at_o the_o same_o time_n when_o the_o war_n be_v denounce_v now_o the_o fecial_a law_n whereby_o the_o herald_n be_v guide_v do_v under_o the_o notion_n of_o thing_n demand_v comprehend_v not_o only_o a_o vindication_n of_o what_o be_v due_a by_o the_o right_n of_o dominion_n but_o the_o persecution_n also_o of_o whatsoever_o be_v due_a either_o upon_o any_o civil_a account_n or_o by_o reason_n of_o any_o crime_n commit_v as_o servius_n right_o expound_v it_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o in_o all_o such_o conditional_a denunciation_n we_o read_v either_o of_o some_o thing_n to_o be_v restore_v of_o some_o damage_n to_o be_v repair_v or_o some_o offender_n to_o be_v deliver_v up_o unless_o they_o from_o who_o such_o offender_n be_v demand_v shall_v choose_v rather_o to_o punish_v they_o themselves_o as_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o say_v and_o that_o this_o solemn_a demand_n of_o thing_n be_v call_v clarigationem_fw-la or_o a_o proclaim_n of_o war_n pliny_n testify_v in_o these_o word_n et_fw-la legati_fw-la cùm_fw-la ad_fw-la host_n clarigatum_fw-la mitterentur_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la 22.2_o lib._n 22.2_o res_fw-la raptas_fw-la clare_v repetitum_fw-la unus_fw-la utique_fw-la verbenarius_n vocabatur_fw-la and_o ambassador_n when_o send_v to_o their_o enemy_n to_o demand_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n restitution_n of_o thing_n take_v away_o by_o force_n one_o of_o they_o be_v call_v verbenarius_n a_o herald_n because_o he_o be_v always_o crown_v with_o vervin_n and_o in_o another_o place_n speak_v of_o vervin_n he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v that_o herb_n which_o ambassador_n and_o herald_n do_v usual_o carry_v with_o they_o to_o their_o enemy_n as_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v 9_o lib._n 25._o c._n 9_o one_o example_n of_o this_o conditional_a denounce_v of_o war_n we_o have_v in_o livy_n in_o these_o word_n which_o injury_n 1._o lib._n 8._o ann._n l._n 1._o unless_o redress_v by_o those_o that_o occasioneâ—_n they_o they_o be_v resolve_v with_o all_o their_o power_n to_o revenge_v another_z we_o have_v in_o tacitus_n ni_fw-fr supplicium_fw-la in_o malos_fw-la praesumant_fw-la usurum_fw-la promiscua_fw-la caede_fw-la unless_o punishment_n be_v inflict_v on_o the_o malefactor_n they_o will_v seek_v their_o revenge_n by_o war._n and_o of_o this_o kind_n of_o proclaim_v war_n we_o have_v a_o ancient_a precedent_n in_o euripides_n where_o theseus_n give_v this_o charge_n to_o his_o ambassador_n vicina_fw-la theseus_n qui_fw-la tenet_fw-la regni_fw-la sola_fw-la humare_fw-la poscit_fw-la mortuos_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la datur_fw-la sit_fw-la amica_fw-la faciet_fw-la gens_n erechtidûm_fw-la tibi_fw-la haec_fw-la si_fw-la probantur_fw-la tam_fw-la refer_v retro_fw-la pedem_fw-la sin_n nemo_fw-la paret_fw-la verba_fw-la sint_fw-la haec_fw-la altera_fw-la jam_fw-la mox_fw-la ut_fw-la arma_fw-la pubis_fw-la expectent_fw-la meae_fw-la all_o which_o papinius_n rehearse_v the_o same_o story_n abreviate_v in_o this_o verse_n grave_n for_o the_o slay_v or_o war_n '_o against_o thebes_n proclaim_v a_o pure_a or_o absolute_a denunciation_n be_v that_o which_o be_v especial_o call_v a_o indiction_n or_o proclamation_n lawful_a the_o greek_n call_v this_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o declare_v reprize_v lawful_a which_o be_v either_o when_o the_o other_o party_n have_v already_o begin_v the_o war_n which_o be_v that_o which_o in_o isidore_n be_v call_v a_o war_n to_o repel_v the_o force_n of_o a_o invade_a enemy_n or_o when_o he_o himself_o have_v commit_v that_o which_o deserve_v to_o be_v punish_v sometime_o after_o a_o denunciation_n that_o be_v conditional_a there_o follow_v another_o that_o be_v pure_a and_o absolute_a though_o not_o necessary_o yet_o redundant_o hence_o arise_v that_o usual_a form_n testor_fw-la hunc_fw-la populum_fw-la injustum_fw-la esse_fw-la neque_fw-la jus_o reddere_fw-la i_o declare_v this_o nation_n to_o be_v unjust_a neither_o will_v they_o do_v
say_v of_o particular_a person_n may_v also_o be_v say_v of_o city_n and_o people_n that_o if_o they_o be_v free_a they_o may_v recover_v their_o freedom_n if_o the_o power_n of_o their_o friend_n and_o associate_n be_v able_a by_o force_n of_o aâ—ms_n to_o release_v they_o from_o the_o power_n of_o their_o enemy_n but_o if_o the_o very_a body_n of_o the_o people_n that_o constitute_v that_o city_n be_v dissolve_v i_o believe_v that_o they_o that_o succeed_v be_v not_o to_o be_v account_v the_o same_o people_n neither_o be_v those_o thing_n that_o former_o belong_v to_o that_o city_n to_o be_v restore_v unto_o they_o by_o this_o right_n of_o postliminy_n according_a to_o the_o right_n of_o nation_n because_o a_o nation_n like_o a_o ship_n by_o the_o dissolution_n of_o its_o part_n do_v absolute_o perish_v for_o that_o its_o whole_a nature_n consist_v in_o the_o perpetual_a conjunction_n of_o all_o its_o member_n wherefore_o it_o be_v not_o the_o same_o city_n of_o saguntum_n though_o the_o place_n where_o it_o former_o stand_v be_v restore_v unto_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n eight_o year_n after_o its_o dissolution_n neither_o be_v thebes_n the_o same_o city_n after_o that_o alexander_n have_v sell_v the_o citizen_n for_o slave_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o what_o the_o thessalian_n owe_v unto_o the_o theban_n before_o such_o dissolution_n can_v not_o just_o be_v claim_v by_o those_o theban_n by_o postliminy_n and_o that_o for_o a_o double_a reason_n first_o because_o they_o be_v then_o a_o new_a people_n second_o because_o alexander_n whilst_o he_o be_v lord_n over_o they_o have_v a_o power_n to_o alienate_v that_o right_n and_o according_o have_v do_v it_o and_o last_o a_o debt_n be_v not_o to_o be_v reckon_v among_o those_o thing_n which_o return_v by_o postliminy_n not_o much_o unlike_a to_o what_o we_o have_v say_v concern_v city_n be_v that_o which_o the_o ancient_a roman_a law_n conclude_v of_o marriage_n namely_o that_o they_o be_v by_o captivity_n dissolve_v neither_o can_v they_o be_v restore_v by_o postliminy_n but_o must_v be_v redintigrate_v by_o the_o first_o consent_n of_o both_o party_n but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o among_o christian_n witness_v that_o of_o pope_n leo_n unto_o nicetas_n bishop_n of_o aquileia_n concern_v such_o marriage_n namely_o that_o as_o in_o slave_n or_o field_n or_o even_o in_o house_n and_o possession_n the_o right_a and_o title_n of_o they_o be_v preserve_v for_o those_o that_o be_v captive_n in_o case_n they_o shall_v return_v out_o of_o captivity_n so_o also_o in_o wedlock_n if_o either_o party_n be_v marry_v to_o another_o let_v they_o be_v reform_v see_v what_o hincmar_n have_v write_v to_o this_o purpose_n in_o his_o tract_n concern_v the_o divorce_n of_o lotharius_n and_o terberga_n to_o the_o thirteen_o interrogatory_n and_o the_o answer_n of_o pope_n stephen_n in_o the_o second_o tome_n and_o nineteenth_o chapter_n of_o the_o council_n of_o france_n x._o to_o those_o that_o return_v what_o right_n arise_v from_o the_o civil_a law_n by_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v it_o be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o understand_v what_o manner_n of_o right_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n postliminy_n give_v to_o free_a man_n moreover_o this_o very_a same_o right_n may_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n so_o far_o as_o it_o belong_v to_o thing_n agitate_a within_o the_o city_n be_v both_o restrain_v by_o add_v some_o exception_n or_o condition_n and_o also_o enlarge_v unto_o other_o profit_n and_o advantage_n as_o occasion_n serve_v as_o by_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n fugitive_n be_v exempt_v out_o of_o the_o number_n of_o those_o that_o be_v capable_a of_o this_o right_n so_o be_v also_o the_o son_n of_o a_o family_n over_o who_o the_o father_n be_v conceive_v not_o to_o have_v lose_v that_o paternal_a power_n and_o authority_n which_o be_v peculiar_a to_o the_o roman_n and_o that_o for_o this_o reason_n as_o paulus_n observe_v because_o to_o roman_a parent_n their_o military_a discipline_n be_v ever_o dear_a than_o their_o own_o child_n whereunto_o agree_v that_o which_o cicero_n record_v of_o manlius_n that_o he_o strict_o uphold_v the_o discipline_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n though_o to_o his_o own_o grief_n that_o so_o he_o may_v the_o better_o provide_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o city_n wherein_o be_v also_o bind_v up_o his_o own_o which_o make_v he_o prefer_v the_o sovereign_n right_o of_o majesty_n which_o be_v then_o in_o himself_o before_o the_o bond_n of_o nature_n or_o the_o tenderness_n of_o a_o father_n towards_o his_o own_o son_n again_o some_o diminution_n of_o this_o right_n of_o postliminy_n be_v that_o which_o be_v ordain_v first_o by_o the_o athenian_n and_o afterward_o by_o the_o roman_n namely_o ut_fw-la qui_fw-la redemptus_fw-la est_fw-la ab_fw-la hostibus_fw-la redemptori_fw-la serviat_fw-la donec_fw-la pretium_fw-la reddiderit_fw-la that_o he_o that_o be_v redeem_v shall_v serve_v his_o redeemer_n until_o he_o shall_v have_v repay_v his_o ransom_n but_o this_o be_v make_v in_o favour_n to_o the_o poor_a captive_n lest_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o provision_n make_v for_o the_o recovery_n of_o the_o money_n so_o pay_v many_o prisoner_n shall_v have_v be_v leave_v in_o perpetual_a slavery_n among_o their_o enemy_n but_o yet_o even_a this_o very_a slavery_n be_v many_o way_n mitigate_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n and_o at_o length_n by_o the_o last_o law_n of_o justinian_n it_o be_v limit_v to_o five_o year_n service_n neither_o can_v the_o money_n pay_v for_o his_o redemption_n be_v recoverable_a after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o party_n redeem_v so_o also_o by_o any_o contract_n of_o marriage_n between_o the_o person_n redeem_v and_o the_o person_n redeem_v it_o be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v forgive_v so_o if_o it_o be_v a_o woman_n that_o be_v redeem_v if_o the_o redeemer_n do_v prostitute_v her_o body_n the_o ransom_n be_v lose_v there_o be_v many_o other_o law_n make_v among_o the_o roman_n in_o favour_n to_o those_o that_o will_v redeem_v prisoner_n and_o to_o punish_v their_o kinsman_n for_o neglect_v they_o again_o this_o right_n of_o postliminy_n be_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n much_o enlarge_v in_o that_o not_o only_o those_o right_n in_o postliminy_n which_o be_v allow_v of_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v grant_v unto_o he_o that_o so_o return_v but_o general_o all_o thing_n and_o all_o right_n be_v as_o entire_o he_o as_o if_o he_o have_v never_o be_v within_o the_o power_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o this_o be_v also_o the_o attic_a law_n for_o as_o we_o read_v in_o dion_n prusaeensis_fw-la a_o certain_a man_n pretend_v to_o be_v the_o son_n of_o callias_n who_o have_v be_v take_v prisoner_n in_o the_o slaughter_n at_o acanthus_n and_o as_o he_o say_v be_v keep_v as_o a_o prisoner_n in_o thrace_n when_o he_o have_v make_v his_o escape_n to_o athens_n claim_v by_o postliminy_n his_o inheritance_n from_o those_o that_o then_o have_v the_o possession_n thereof_o after_o his_o father_n we_o do_v not_o read_v that_o any_o thing_n be_v plead_v against_o his_o right_n only_o it_o come_v in_o issue_n whether_o he_o be_v the_o son_n of_o callias_n or_o not_o the_o same_o author_n likewise_o relate_v that_o the_o messenian_n after_o long_a captivity_n at_o length_n return_v receive_v both_o their_o liberty_n and_o country_n yea_o and_o those_o thing_n which_o either_o by_o usucapion_n or_o redemption_n seem_v to_o be_v take_v away_o out_o of_o the_o good_n or_o through_o disuse_n to_o be_v desert_v be_v all_o of_o they_o recover_v by_o a_o rescissory_a action_n for_o under_o the_o edict_n of_o make_v restitution_n to_o ancestor_n he_o also_o who_o be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o enemy_n be_v comprehend_v nay_o far_o the_o cornelian_a law_n provide_v for_o the_o heir_n of_o such_o as_o die_v in_o captivity_n and_o conserves_n all_o their_o good_n as_o lawful_o as_o if_o he_o that_o return_v not_o be_v at_o that_o very_a time_n when_o he_o be_v take_v dead_a now_o be_v it_o not_o for_o these_o civil_a law_n without_o doubt_n as_o soon_o as_o any_o man_n be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o the_o enemy_n his_o good_n will_v present_o be_v they_o that_o have_v they_o in_o possession_n because_o qui_fw-la apud_fw-la host_n est_fw-la pro_fw-la nullo_n habetur_fw-la he_o that_o be_v under_o the_o enemy_n power_n be_v hold_v for_o none_o and_o then_o if_o he_o that_o be_v take_v shall_v return_v he_o shall_v receive_v nothing_o but_o such_o thing_n as_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v due_a unto_o he_o by_o postliminy_n but_o that_o the_o good_n of_o a_o captive_n be_v confiscate_v and_o bring_v into_o the_o treasury_n in_o case_n he_o have_v no_o heir_n be_v a_o law_n peculiar_a to_o the_o roman_n only_o hitherto_o we_o have_v treat_v of_o thing_n that_o return_v now_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v receive_v by_o
though_o unjust_a cease_v not_o to_o be_v city_n page_n 451_o a_o citizen_n take_v by_o pirate_n lose_v not_o his_o freedom_n 456._o and_o a_o servant_n how_o they_o differ_v 486._o of_o rome_n all_o that_o live_v within_o the_o pale_a of_o the_o empire_n page_n 450_o the_o citizen_n right_o over_o their_o magistrate_n page_n 201_o a_o city_n how_o distinguish_v from_o a_o company_n of_o pirate_n 451_o 452._o war_n worse_o than_o tyranny_n page_n 65_o civil_a power_n wherein_o it_o consist_v 37._o empire_n gain_v by_o war_n and_o its_o right_n 485._o law_n may_v bind_v or_o restrain_v from_o that_o which_o nature_n leave_v free_a 81._o law_n some_o unjust_a page_n 127_o claim_v from_o a_o foreigner_n everlasting_a 182_o 183._o who_o best_a he_o that_o give_v the_o matter_n or_o form_n page_n 139_o clergyman_n exempt_v from_o war_n page_n 67_o clemency_n most_o become_v a_o prince_n 382_o 383._o to_o be_v use_v to_o the_o conquer_a the_o conqueror_n secure_v 527_o 528._o see_v in_o the_o mitigation_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o remission_n of_o punishment_n 382._o of_o the_o pharisee_n in_o punish_v 371._o motive_n thereunto_o 417_o 418._o emperor_n famous_a for_o clemency_n 501._o a_o great_a ornament_n to_o prince_n where_o their_o injury_n be_v do_v against_o themselves_o page_n 417_o 418_o 554_o etc._n etc._n college_n spare_v by_o the_o philistine_n page_n 506_o colony_n have_v the_o same_o right_a their_o mother_n city_n have_v 143._o not_o govern_v absolute_o by_o their_o mother_n city_n 49._o yet_o by_o the_o same_o law_n and_o magistrate_n 142_o 143._o usual_o the_o rise_n of_o free_a state_n page_n 143_o 144_o a_o command_v give_v for_o one_o thing_n whether_o fulfil_v by_o another_o more_o profitable_o 197._o without_o it_o he_o that_o kill_v a_o enemy_n to_o what_o oblige_a page_n 535_o 536_o commander_n inferior_a in_o some_o case_n may_v make_v war_n 35._o how_o far_o they_o may_v bind_v their_o soldier_n page_n 564_o command_v in_o war_n may_v be_v either_o general_a or_o special_a page_n 535_o command_n of_o a_o general_n must_v not_o be_v dispute_v but_o obey_v page_n 197_o command_n distinguish_v from_o counsel_n pref._n xviii_o of_o commerce_n the_o most_o ancient_a way_n be_v by_o exchange_n 157._o the_o liberty_n and_o for_o it_o toll_v due_a page_n 84_o 85._o a_o commonwealth_n be_v such_o though_o corrupt_a page_n 451_o the_o common_a safety_n sometime_o prefer_v before_o our_o own_o page_n 73_o community_n their_o right_n over_o their_o member_n page_n 3_o a_o community_n may_v arise_v by_o give_v a_o new_a form_n to_o the_o matter_n of_o another_o 139._o or_o through_o commixture_n according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o either_o ibid._n communication_n of_o crime_n between_o king_n and_o subject_n page_n 398_o 399_o communication_n of_o thing_n useful_a to_o other_o and_o not_o damageable_a to_o ourselves_o charitable_a page_n 82_o to_o compel_v stand_v not_o with_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o inferior_a 46._o be_v compel_v they_o that_o war_n against_o we_o to_o be_v spare_v page_n 498_o 499_o compensation_n due_a to_o subject_n who_o good_n be_v alienate_v for_o public_a peace_n page_n 545_o 546_o concubinary_a marriage_n see_v marriage_n concubinate_a a_o kind_n of_o natural_a marriage_n page_n 112_o a_o concubine_n who_o and_o how_o allow_v page_n 113_o condition_n who_o offer_v or_o who_o accept_v which_o make_v the_o contract_n page_n 199_o condition_n hard_o impose_v on_o the_o weak_a party_n or_o the_o conquer_a page_n 183_o this_o condition_n thing_n stand_v as_o they_o do_v when_o tacit_o understand_v page_n 197_o condition_n not_o fulfil_v on_o the_o one_o side_n discharge_v the_o promiser_n page_n 541_o condition_n when_o severe_a seldom_o last_a page_n 529_o a_o confederate_a on_o unequal_a condition_n may_v obtain_v the_o supreme_a power_n page_n 48_o confederate_n their_o difference_n how_o determine_v page_n 49_o 50_o confederate_n engage_v in_o several_a war_n and_o both_o demand_v war_n which_o we_o shall_v assist_v page_n 187_o confederate_n one_o may_v be_v assist_v against_o the_o other_o unless_o express_o forbid_v by_o former_a agreement_n 424._o in_o their_o behalf_n war_n lawful_a in_o a_o just_a cause_n ibid._n the_o ancient_a to_o be_v prefer_v caeteris_fw-la paribus_fw-la unless_o in_o one_o case_n page_n 412_o 413_o confederate_n not_o to_o be_v assist_v in_o case_n desperate_a and_o why_o page_n 424_o conjecture_n useful_a when_o word_n admit_v of_o divers_a sense_n page_n 191_o conjecture_n restrain_v promise_n how_o guide_v page_n 193_o conjecture_n from_o the_o matter_n effect_n thing_n conjoin_v page_n 191_o 192_o the_o conqueror_n may_v give_v the_o conquer_a what_o he_o please_v 486._o as_o some_o part_n of_o the_o government_n or_o some_o liberty_n or_o freedom_n in_o religion_n page_n 527_o the_o conqueror_n may_v be_v secure_v by_o impose_v garrison_n or_o tribute_n on_o the_o conquer_a page_n 526_o that_o the_o conqueror_n may_v live_v secure_o be_v the_o end_n of_o war_n and_o how_o this_o may_v be_v do_v without_o cruelty_n page_n 524_o 525_o who_o be_v conqueror_n in_o single_a combat_n page_n 552_o to_o the_o conqueror_n to_o submit_v better_a than_o desolation_n page_n 119_o the_o conqueror_n may_v impose_v what_o law_n he_o please_v 485._o crown_v in_o the_o pavilion_n of_o the_o conquer_a 479._o more_o safe_a in_o a_o free_a than_o compulsory_a obedience_n page_n 527_o conscience_n not_o bind_v by_o some_o law_n page_n 482_o 483_o consecrate_a plate_n sell_v for_o what_o use_v page_n 216_o 217_o consent_n give_v signification_n to_o word_n not_o thing_n page_n 438_o constantine_n page_n 28_o a_o contract_n make_v with_o a_o servant_n bind_v his_o master_n 147._o bind_v according_a to_o law_n of_o the_o city_n wherein_o it_o be_v make_v but_o not_o if_o make_v on_o the_o sea_n or_o in_o a_o desert_n page_n 152_o contract_n permutatory_n that_o separate_v the_o part_n have_v three_o head_n do_v ut_fw-la des_fw-fr etc._n etc._n 157._o mix_v principal_o or_o by_o accession_n and_o such_o as_o introduce_v communion_n page_n 158_o 159_o in_o contract_n a_o just_a proportion_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v 160._o all_o error_n and_o mistake_n be_v to_o be_v rectify_v ibid._n the_o contracter_n with_o another_o for_o what_o be_v his_o own_o release_v his_o right_a page_n 98_o the_o contract_n of_o king_n and_o free_a state_n not_o always_o interpret_v according_a to_o the_o roman_a law_n page_n 199_o of_o a_o contract_n the_o writing_n be_v but_o a_o last_a monument_n and_o no_o part_n ibid._n a_o contract_n in_o doubt_n be_v perfect_a before_o the_o delivery_n of_o the_o writing_n when_o otherwise_o it_o must_v be_v so_o express_v ibid._n controversy_n in_o war_n not_o determinable_a by_o the_o civil_a law_n 122._o concern_v thing_n take_v in_o war_n shall_v be_v judge_v in_o any_o nation_n at_o peace_n where_o they_o be_v take_v according_a to_o their_o custom_n page_n 488_o corn_n and_o other_o thing_n useful_a in_o war_n may_v be_v sell_v to_o the_o enemy_n to_o pay_v soldier_n to_o destroy_v they_o be_v madness_n page_n 513_o 514_o of_o corn_n sow_o on_o another_o land_n by_o mistake_n who_o the_o fruit_n be_v page_n 139_o convention_n public_a how_o and_o when_o divide_a page_n 180_o in_o council_n general_n a_o king_n new_o make_v shall_v have_v the_o same_o place_n as_o the_o people_n be_v free_a have_v before_o page_n 143_o counsel_n of_o wise_a man_n how_o prevail_a page_n 25_o the_o thought_n of_o counter-passion_n restrain_v from_o wrong_n do_v page_n 371_o counter-passion_n have_v no_o equality_n if_o the_o nocent_a and_o innocent_a suffer_v alike_o page_n 381_o crassus_n how_o he_o gain_v his_o great_a wealth_n page_n 535_o creature_n natural_o wild_a be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o that_o take_v they_o page_n 469_o cruelty_n arise_v from_o vain_a fear_n page_n 72_o cruelty_n of_o the_o roman_a general_n in_o their_o triumph_n page_n 461_o custom_n and_o opportunity_n two_o great_a incentives_n to_o sin_n unless_o curb_v by_o severe_a law_n page_n 381_o custom_n civil_a sometime_o mistake_v for_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n page_n 385_o cyrus_n his_o judgement_n concern_v the_o two_o coat_n page_z 4_o d._n in_o dearth_n stranger_n forbid_v corn_n yet_o sojourner_n not_o then_o to_o be_v expel_v page_n 86._o death_n voluntary_a in_o defence_n of_o chastity_n commend_v 219._o in_o some_o case_n allow_v by_o the_o jew_n as_o the_o death_n of_o samson_n saul_n etc._n etc._n ibid._n term_v a_o dismission_n ibid._n the_o only_a good_a thing_n to_o a_o incorrigible_a offender_n page_n 272_o 273_o day_n until_o such_o in_o a_o truce_n whether_o exclusive_o or_o inclusive_o to_o be_v understand_v 562._o in_o a_o league_n how_o understand_v page_n 191_o damage_n à _fw-la demendo_fw-la i._n e._n from_o take_v away_o a_o man_n right_a 200._o which_o may_v be_v either_o in_o the_o thing_n or_o profit_n
be_v understand_v as_o he_o understand_v to_o who_o they_o be_v make_v 167._o call_v vow_n and_o why_o 172._o the_o end_n of_o all_o controversy_n 172._o bound_v not_o to_o thing_n unlawful_a 169._o of_o joshua_n to_o the_o gibeonite_n bind_v page_n 168_o 169_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n to_o the_o carthaginian_n bind_v page_n 167_o 168_o a_o oath_n not_o to_o be_v too_o far_o wrest_v 169._o not_o to_o do_v good_a not_o bind_v 170._o nor_o that_o which_o hinder_v a_o great_a good_a ibid._n can_v bind_v to_o impossibility_n ibid._n by_o false_a god_n bind_v 171._o by_o the_o creature_n oblige_v ibid._n by_o fraud_n or_o fear_n extort_a must_v be_v fulfil_v for_o the_o oath_n sake_n 172._o make_v to_o pirate_n or_o tyrant_n oblige_v ibid._n in_o oath_n two_o thing_n requisite_a truth_n in_o word_n and_o fidelity_n in_o action_n ibid._n over_o subject_n oath_n what_o power_n superior_n have_v page_n 173_o by_o a_o false_a oath_n to_o deceive_v a_o enemy_n perjury_n page_n 172_o of_o oath_n some_o be_v assertory_n and_o some_o promissory_a 174._o the_o latter_a forbid_v by_o james_n and_o christ_n ibid._n oath_n shall_v except_v necessity_n and_o coaction_n page_n 123_o from_o oath_n absolution_n from_o whence_o original_o page_v 174_o by_o oath_n promise_v make_v in_o what_o case_n oblige_v not_o page_n 173_o a_o honest_a man_n word_n as_o good_a as_o his_o oath_n page_n 175_o a_o oath_n to_o perform_v king_n bind_v before_o god_n page_n 177_o oath_n from_o subject_n shall_v have_v this_o restriction_n unless_o my_o king_n command_v the_o contrary_a ibid._n philip_n of_o macedon_n regardless_o of_o oath_n page_n 537_o the_o form_n of_o oath_n military_a page_n 28_o to_o obey_v more_o natural_a to_o some_o nation_n than_o to_o command_v page_n 38_o obedience_n in_o what_o case_n necessary_a 55_o 56_o 429._o sometime_o unlawful_a 427._o especial_o in_o thing_n forbid_v by_o god_n or_o nature_n 53._o to_o command_n unjust_a not_o due_a 429._o ready_o yield_v by_o he_o that_o understand_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n page_n 430_o obedience_n to_o parent_n and_o sustentation_n to_o child_n due_a 123._o yet_o it_o can_v justify_v our_o disobedience_n to_o god_n page_n 427_o obligation_n restrain_v the_o faculty_n or_o the_o exercise_n of_o such_o a_o act_n only_o the_o difference_n page_n 47_o 48_o obligation_n feudal_n see_v feudal_n obligation_n arise_v from_o dominion_n page_n 146_o obligation_n internal_a give_v no_o right_a to_o another_o page_n 151_o obligation_n all_o require_v deliberation_n page_n 551_o 552_o obligation_n by_o officer_n with_o our_o default_n from_o what_o law_n it_o proceed_v page_n 203_o 204_o king_n may_v be_v oblige_v either_o natural_o or_o civil_o page_v 177_o oblige_a we_o may_v be_v by_o another_o page_n 154_o oblige_v we_o may_v whatsoever_o we_o have_v absolute_a power_n in_o or_o over_o page_n 400_o 401_o oblige_a we_o may_v be_v to_o a_o pirate_n or_o robber_n be_v not_o terrify_v by_o fear_n page_n 538_o oblige_a a_o man_n may_v be_v by_o some_o delinquency_n page_n 200_o oblige_a none_o can_v be_v to_o a_o unjust_a war_n page_n 187_o of_o obligation_n without_o compulsion_n example_n page_n 211_o obstinacy_n to_o defend_v our_o own_o party_n no_o just_a cause_n to_o kill_v a_o enemy_n page_n 508_o by_o the_o occasion_n of_o another_o sin_n a_o man_n may_v suffer_v though_o that_o sin_n be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o suffer_a page_n 401_o occupancy_n its_o right_n where_o thing_n be_v in_o common_a page_n 78_o by_o occupancy_n what_o every_o one_o have_v be_v the_o first_o rise_v of_o propriety_n page_n 79_o of_o occupancy_n after_o the_o communion_n be_v lose_v page_n 80_o occupancy_n presume_v thing_n bound_v 81._o as_o land_n by_o manor_n or_o farm_n ibid._n of_o empire_n and_o of_o dominion_n as_o distinguish_v from_o empire_n 88_o it_o be_v the_o original_a way_n to_o gain_v dominion_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n page_n 135_o what_o if_o it_o be_v of_o a_o place_n pray_fw-mi occupy_v by_o man_n irrational_a page_n 407_o the_o occupant_a in_o doubtful_a case_n have_v the_o best_a title_n page_n 414_o to_o the_o ancient_a occupant_n land_n restore_v by_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n after_o three_o hundred_o year_n page_n 492_o odious_a promise_n which_o 192._o how_o to_o be_v interpret_v ibid._n league_n and_o promise_n if_o in_o doubt_n be_v personal_a page_n 194_o offender_n be_v demand_v when_o to_o be_v deliver_v page_n 395_o 396_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 439._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d page_n 407_o old_a man_n in_o war_n to_o be_v spare_v page_n 505_o none_n the_o same_o old_a as_o young_a page_n 141_o opinion_n concern_v god_n be_v not_o easy_o demonstrable_a no_o cause_n of_o war_n page_n 389_o our_o opinion_n especial_o concern_v religion_n hardly_o part_v from_o page_n 391_o oppression_n notorious_a a_o just_a cause_n of_o war_n if_o without_o danger_n to_o ourselves_o page_n 424_o oppression_n of_o subject_n where_o great_a than_o the_o misery_n of_o war_n war_n may_v be_v make_v against_o tyrant_n page_n 421_o ordinance_n of_o god_n in_o what_o sense_n kingly_a power_n be_v say_v page_n 18_o order_n what_o among_o equal_n or_o associate_n page_n 114_o the_o order_n of_o such_o as_o have_v equal_a share_n in_o thing_n ibid._n in_o what_o order_n they_o be_v bind_v to_o restore_v who_o have_v occasion_v damage_n page_n 201_o 202_o the_o order_n of_o christian_a king_n sit_v in_o council_n page_n 114_o original_a acquisition_n page_n 88_o owner_n right_a not_o know_v none_o bind_v to_o restore_v page_n 149_o the_o right_a owner_n transfer_v his_o interest_n be_v a_o sure_a title_n page_n 151_o ox_n forbid_v to_o be_v eat_v to_o be_v spare_v in_o war_n page_n 514_o p._n papinianus_n put_v to_o death_n for_o not_o defend_v parricide_n page_n 428_o parent_n to_o be_v nourish_v 123._o though_o severe_a to_o be_v obey_v 57_o to_o be_v reverence_v as_o god_n pref._n seven_o honour_n and_o obedience_n due_a to_o they_o 123._o differ_v in_o their_o command_n whether_o to_o obey_v 103._o their_o right_a to_o sell_v or_o pawn_v their_o child_n what_o 104._o their_o right_a over_o their_o child_n different_a according_a to_o their_o several_a age_n and_o condition_n 103_o 104_o their_o estate_n due_a to_o their_o child_n by_o a_o twofold_a right_n 124._o whether_o they_o owe_v any_o part_n of_o their_o good_n to_o their_o child_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 122._o their_o love_n to_o their_o child_n more_o natural_a than_o their_o child_n to_o they_o 123._o their_o power_n to_o punish_v as_o well_o as_o to_o govern_v their_o child_n 104._o never_o exheredate_v their_o child_n until_o they_o prove_v incorrigible_a 416_o 417._o their_o marriage_n with_o their_o child_n unnatural_a page_n 107_o parliament_n to_o what_o end_n call_v page_n 42_o a_o parley_n demand_v and_o accept_v render_v both_o side_n secure_a 569._o during_o each_o may_v promote_v his_o own_o interest_n so_o that_o he_o hurt_v not_o the_o other_o ibid._n under_o pretence_n of_o a_o parley_n bituitus_n be_v treacherous_o take_v captive_a by_o the_o roman_n ibid._n parricide_n page_n 28_o particular_n if_o they_o consent_v not_o not_o punishable_a for_o the_o whole_a page_n 399_o partition_n just_a where_o the_o title_n be_v dubious_a and_o neither_o possess_v page_n 414_o passage_n deny_v may_v be_v by_o arm_n force_v page_n 83_o passage_n by_o land_n or_o sea_n common_a to_o all_o ibid._n how_o army_n may_v pass_v safe_o without_o danger_n page_n 84_o passionate_a act_n more_o pardonable_a than_o deliberate_a page_n 380_o pater_fw-la patratus_fw-la what_o page_n 546_o patience_n commend_v by_o christ_n example_n 63._o prefer_v before_o revenge_n 33._o in_o bear_v reproach_n 21_o 22_o 23._o in_o a_o governor_n or_o in_o a_o state_n punishable_a page_n 393_o patrimony_n distinguish_v from_o the_o profit_n of_o it_o page_n 120_o paul_n refuse_v not_o a_o guard_n of_o soldier_n page_n 20_o parent_n that_o receive_v to_o what_o bind_v page_n 160_o peace_n profitable_a to_o the_o victor_n vanquish_v and_o those_o of_o equal_a power_n 572._o once_o obtain_v to_o be_v religious_o keep_v 571._o its_o article_n how_o to_o be_v understand_v 546_o 547._o all_o of_o they_o to_o be_v equal_o observe_v 549_o 572._o when_o say_v to_o be_v break_v 548._o to_o be_v embrace_v though_o with_o loss_n 572._o not_o to_o be_v patch_v up_o but_o firm_o make_v 547._o be_v make_v all_o public_a injury_n though_o then_o unknown_a presume_v to_o be_v remit_v 547._o to_o purchase_n from_o a_o enemy_n too_o potent_a no_o dishonour_n page_n 418_o for_o peace_n whether_o the_o good_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v alienable_a 544._o or_o the_o good_n of_o subject_n 545._o the_o empire_n or_o any_o part_n thereof_o ibid._n peace_n by_o who_o it_o may_v be_v make_v 544._o be_v make_v by_o
have_v society_n natural_o and_o why_o not_o see_v that_o beast_n with_o beast_n have_v the_o same_o and_o in_o another_o place_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o nature_n have_v instill_a into_o our_o mind_n the_o very_a seed_n of_o virtue_n this_o also_o m._n antoninus_n that_o emperor_n who_o be_v so_o high_o fame_v for_o his_o philosophy_n thus_o testify_v that_o we_o be_v bear_v for_o communion_n be_v long_o since_o apparent_a for_o be_v it_o not_o plain_a say_v he_o that_o nature_n frame_v all_o thing_n in_o order_n when_o we_o see_v the_o worse_a thing_n make_v for_o the_o better_a and_o the_o better_a thing_n one_o for_o another_o that_o therefore_o which_o carneades_n affirm_v that_o every_o creature_n be_v by_o natural_a instinct_n lead_v to_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v to_o itself_o only_o profitable_a if_o universal_o take_v be_v not_o to_o be_v grant_v for_o some_o of_o the_o rest_n be_v content_a to_o abate_v somewhat_o of_o their_o own_o profit_n partly_o to_o their_o young_a one_o and_o partly_o to_o other_o of_o their_o own_o kind_n the_o proverb_n intimate_v as_o much_o when_o it_o say_v canis_fw-la caninam_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la one_o dog_n will_v not_o eat_v another_o and_o the_o poet_n confirm_v it_o tiger_n though_o fierce_a at_o peace_n with_o tiger_n be_v juveral_a juveral_a and_o every_o beast_n will_v its_o own_o kindred_n spare_v it_o be_v therefore_o philo_n advice_n let_v man_n say_v he_o commandment_n upon_o the_o five_o commandment_n learn_v gratitude_n from_o dumb_a beast_n the_o dog_n will_v defend_v his_o master_n house_n that_o feed_v he_o and_o ofttimes_o will_v expose_v himself_o even_o to_o death_n for_o he_o upon_o the_o approach_n of_o any_o danger_n that_o threaten_v he_o be_v it_o not_o then_o the_o great_a of_o all_o shame_n that_o a_o dog_n shall_v be_v more_o thankful_a than_o a_o man_n and_o that_o a_o creature_n natural_o fierce_a and_o ravenous_a shall_v in_o gratitude_n excel_v the_o mild_a and_o meek_a of_o all_o creature_n 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