Selected quad for the lemma: nature_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
nature_n	abase_v	abate_v	money_n	14	3	8.5456	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A54612	A discourse of taxes and contributions shewing the nature and measures of crown-lands, assessments, customs, poll-moneys, lotteries, benevolence, penalties, monopolies, offices, tythes, hearth, excise, &c. : with several intersperst discourses and digressions concerning wars, the church, universities, rents and purchases ... : the same being frequently applied to the state and affairs of Ireland, and is now thought seasonable for the present affairs of England : humbly recommended to the present Parliament.	Petty, William, Sir, 1623-1687.	1689 (1689)	Wing P1920; ESTC R20953	59,806	88

reckon_v as_o for_o example_n if_o such_o money_n be_v depress_v but_o ten_o eleven_o or_o twelve_o per_fw-la cent_n than_o the_o two_o penny_n piece_n will_v be_v worth_a but_o three_o half_a penny_n which_o be_v twenty_o five_o per_fw-la cent_n and_o so_o of_o other_o proportion_n 9_o three_o in_o case_n the_o inconvenience_n of_o this_o money_n shall_v be_v so_o great_a as_o to_o necessitate_v a_o new_a coinage_n of_o it_o then_o will_v happen_v all_o the_o loss_n we_o mention_v before_o in_o melt_v it_o down_o by_o bullioner_n 10._o four_o if_o the_o two_o penny_n piece_v contain_v but_o the_o eight_o part_n of_o the_o silver_n usual_o in_o a_o shilling_n than_o dealer_n will_v have_v fifteen_o penny_n pay_v in_o this_o money_n for_o the_o same_o commodity_n for_o which_o they_o will_v take_v a_o shilling_n in_o standard_n silver_n 11._o raise_v of_o money_n be_v either_o the_o cut_v the_o pound_n troy_n of_o standard_n silver_n into_o more_o piece_n than_o former_o as_o into_z above_o sixty_o whereas_o heretofore_o the_o same_o be_v make_v but_o into_o twenty_o and_o yet_o both_o sort_n call_v shilling_n or_o else_o call_v the_o money_n already_o make_v by_o high_a name_n the_o reason_n or_o pretence_n give_v for_o such_o raise_n be_v these_o viz._n that_o the_o raise_n of_o money_n will_v bring_v it_o in_o and_o the_o material_a thereof_o more_o plentiful_o for_o trial_n whereof_o suppose_v one_o shilling_n be_v proclaim_v to_o be_v worth_a two_o what_o other_o effect_n can_v this_o have_v than_o the_o raise_n of_o all_o commodity_n unto_o a_o double_a price_n now_o if_o it_o be_v proclaim_v that_o labourer_n wage_n etc._n etc._n shall_v not_o rise_v at_o all_o upon_o this_o raise_n of_o money_n then_o will_v this_o act_n be_v as_o only_o a_o tax_n upon_o the_o say_a labourer_n as_o force_v they_o to_o lose_v half_a their_o wage_n which_o will_v not_o be_v only_o unjust_a but_o impossible_a unless_o they_o can_v live_v with_o the_o say_v half_a which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v for_o then_o the_o law_n that_o appoint_v such_o wage_n be_v ill_o make_v which_o shall_v allow_v the_o labourer_n but_o just_a wherewithal_o to_o live_v for_o if_o you_o allow_v double_a than_o he_o work_v but_o half_a so_o much_o as_o he_o can_v have_v do_v and_o otherwise_o will_v which_o be_v a_o loss_n to_o the_o public_a of_o the_o fruit_n of_o so_o much_o labour_n 12._o but_o suppose_v the_o quart_n d'_fw-fr escu_n of_o france_n common_o esteem_v worth_n eighteen_o penny_n be_v raise_v to_o three_o shilling_n then_o it_o be_v true_a that_o all_o the_o money_n of_o england_n will_v be_v indeed_o quartfield_n d'_fw-fr escu_n piece_n but_o as_o true_a that_o all_o the_o english_a money_n will_v be_v carry_v away_o and_o that_o our_o quart_n d'_fw-fr escu_n will_v contain_v but_o half_a so_o much_o bullion_n as_o our_o own_o money_n do_v so_o that_o raise_v of_o money_n may_v indeed_o change_v the_o species_n but_o with_o so_o much_o loss_n as_o the_o foreign_a piece_n be_v raise_v unto_o above_o their_o intrinsic_a value_n 13._o but_o for_o remedy_n of_o this_o suppose_v we_o raise_v the_o quart_n d'_fw-fr escu_n double_a and_o prohibit_v the_o exportation_n of_o our_o own_o money_n in_o exchange_n thereof_o i_o answer_v that_o such_o a_o prohibition_n be_v nugatory_n and_o impossible_a to_o be_v execute_v and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o yet_o the_o raise_n of_o the_o say_a species_n will_v but_o make_v we_o sell_v the_o commodity_n buy_v with_o raise_a quart_n d'_fw-fr escue_n in_o essect_v but_o at_o half_a the_o usual_a rate_n which_o unto_o they_o that_o want_v such_o commodity_n will_v as_o well_o yield_v the_o full_a so_o that_o abate_v our_o price_n will_v as_o well_o allure_v stranger_n to_o buy_v extraordinary_a proportion_n of_o our_o commodity_n as_o raise_v their_o money_n will_v do_v but_o neither_o that_o nor_o abate_v the_o price_n will_v make_v stranger_n use_v more_o of_o our_o commodity_n than_o they_o want_v for_o although_o the_o first_o year_n they_o shall_v carry_v away_o a_o unuseful_a and_o superfluous_a proportion_n yet_o afterward_o they_o will_v take_v so_o much_o the_o less_o 14._o if_o this_o be_v true_a as_o in_o substance_n it_o be_v why_o then_o have_v so_o many_o wise_a state_n in_o several_a ancient_n as_o well_o as_o modern_a time_n frequent_o practise_v this_o artifice_n as_o a_o mean_n to_o draw_v in_o money_n into_o their_o respective_a dominion_n i_o answer_v that_o something_o be_v to_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o stupidity_n and_o ignorance_n of_o the_o people_n who_o can_v of_o a_o sudden_a understand_v this_o matter_n for_o i_o find_v many_o man_n wise_a enough_o who_o though_o they_o be_v well_o inform_v that_o raise_n of_o money_n signify_v little_a yet_o can_v sudden_o digest_v it_o as_o for_o example_n a_o unengage_v person_n who_o have_v money_n in_o his_o purse_n in_o england_n and_o shall_v hear_v that_o a_o ●●●ling_n be_v make_v fourteen_o penny_n in_o ireland_n will_v more_o ready_o run_v thither_o to_o buy_v land_n then_o before_o not_o sudden_o apprehend_v that_o for_o the_o same_o land_n which_o he_o may_v have_v buy_v before_o for_o six_o year_n purchase_n he_o shall_v now_o pay_v seven_o nor_o will_v seller_n in_o ireland_n of_o a_o sudden_a apprehend_v cause_n to_o raise_v their_o land_n proportional_o but_o will_v at_o least_o be_v content_v to_o compound_v the_o business_n viz._n to_o sell_v at_o six_o and_o a_o half_a and_o if_o the_o difference_n be_v a_o more_o ragged_a fraction_n man_n under_o a_o long_a time_n will_v not_o apprehend_v it_o nor_o ever_o be_v able_a exact_o to_o govern_v their_o practice_n according_a to_o it_o 15._o second_o although_o i_o apprehend_v little_a real_a defference_n between_o raise_v foreign_a money_n to_o double_a and_o abate_v half_a in_o the_o price_n of_o our_o own_o commodity_n yet_o to_o sell_v they_o on_o a_o tacit_a condition_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o foreign_a present_a money_n shall_v increase_v our_o money_n forasmuch_o as_o between_o raise_v the_o money_n and_o abase_v the_o price_n be_v the_o same_o difference_n as_o between_o sell_v for_o money_n and_o in_o barter_n which_o latter_a be_v the_o dear_a or_o between_o sell_v for_o present_a money_n and_o for_o time_n barter_v resolve_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o uncertain_a time_n 19_o i_o say_v suppose_v english_a cloth_n be_v sell_v at_o six_o shilling_n a_o yard_n and_o french_a canvas_n at_o eighteen_o penny_n the_o ell_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o it_o be_v all_o one_o in_o order_n to_o increase_v money_n in_o england_n to_o raise_v the_o french_a money_n double_a or_o to_o abate_v half_a of_o the_o price_n of_o our_o cloth_n i_o think_v the_o former_a better_o because_o that_o former_a way_n or_o proposition_n carry_v with_o it_o a_o condition_n have_v foreign_a money_n in_o specie_fw-la and_o not_o canvas_n in_o barter_n between_o which_o two_o way_n the_o world_n general_o agree_v there_o be_v a_o difference_n wheresore_n if_o we_o can_v afford_v to_o abate_v half_a our_o price_n but_o will_v not_o do_v it_o but_o for_o our_o neighbour_n money_n than_o we_o gain_v so_o much_o as_o the_o say_a difference_n between_o money_n and_o barter_n amount_v unto_o by_o such_o raise_n of_o our_o neighbour_n money_n 17._o but_o the_o fundamental_a solution_n of_o this_o question_n depend_v upon_o a_o real_a and_o not_o a_o imaginary_a way_n of_o compute_v the_o price_n of_o commodity_n in_o order_n to_o which_o real_a way_n i_o premise_v these_o supposition_n first_o then_o suppose_v there_o pe_z in_o a_o territory_n a_o thousand_o people_n let_v these_o people_n be_v suppose_v sufficient_a to_o till_o this_o whole_a territory_n as_o to_o the_o husbandry_n of_o corn_n which_o we_o will_v suppose_v to_o contain_v all_o necessary_n for_o life_n as_o in_o the_o lord_n prayer_n we_o suppose_v the_o word_n bread_n do_v and_o let_v the_o production_n of_o a_o bushel_n of_o this_o corn_n be_v suppose_v of_o equal_a labour_n to_o that_o of_o produce_v a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n suppose_v again_o that_o a_o ten_o part_n of_o this_o land_n and_o ten_o of_o the_o people_n viz_o a_o hundred_o of_o they_o can_v produce_v corn_n enough_o for_o the_o whole_a suppose_v that_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n find_v out_o as_o abovementioned_a be_v a_o four_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a product_n about_o which_o proportion_n it_o real_o be_v as_o we_o may_v perceive_v by_o pay_v a_o four_o sheaf_n instead_o of_o rent_n in_o some_o place_n suppose_v also_o that_o whereas_o but_o a_o hundred_o be_v necessary_a for_o this_o husbandry_n yet_o that_o two_o hundred_o have_v take_v up_o the_o trade_n and_o suppose_v that_o where_o a_o bushel_n of_o corn_n will_v suffice_v yet_o man_n out_o of_o delicacy_n will_v use_v two_o make_v use_n of_o the_o flower_n only_o

a_o discourse_n of_o tax_n and_o contribution_n show_v the_o nature_n and_o measure_n of_o crown-land_n assessment_n custom_n poll-money_n lottery_n benevolence_n penalty_n monopoly_n office_n tithe_n hearth_n excise_n etc._n etc._n with_o several_a intersper_v discourse_n and_o digression_n concern_v war_n the_o church_n university_n rent_n and_o purchase_n usury_n and_o exchange_n banks_n and_o lombard_n registry_n for_o conveyance_n beggar_n insurance_n exportation_n of_o money_n exportation_n of_o wool_n free_a port_n coin_n house_n liberty_n of_o conscience_n etc._n etc._n the_o same_o be_v frequent_o apply_v to_o the_o state_n and_o affair_n of_o ireland_n and_o be_v now_o think_v seasonable_a for_o the_o present_a affair_n of_o england_n humble_o recommend_v to_o the_o present_a parliament_n london_n print_v for_o edward_n poole_n at_o the_o ship_n over_o against_o the_o royal_a exchange_n in_o cornhill_n 1689._o the_o preface_n young_a and_o vain_a person_n though_o perhaps_o they_o marry_v not_o primary_o and_o only_o on_o purpose_n to_o get_v child_n much_o less_o to_o get_v such_o as_o may_v be_v fit_a for_o some_o one_o particular_a vocation_n yet_o have_v child_n they_o dispose_v of_o they_o as_o well_o as_o they_o can_v according_a to_o their_o respective_a inclination_n even_o so_o although_o i_o write_v these_o sheet_n but_o to_o rid_v my_o head_n of_o so_o many_o troublesome_a conceit_n and_o not_o to_o apply_v they_o to_o the_o use_n of_o any_o one_o particular_a people_n or_o concernment_n yet_o now_o they_o be_v bear_v and_o that_o their_o birth_n happen_v to_o be_v about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o ormond_n go_v lord_n lieutenant_n into_o ireland_n i_o think_v they_o may_v be_v as_o proper_a for_o the_o consideration_n of_o that_o place_n as_o of_o any_o other_o though_o perhaps_o of_o effect_n little_a enough_o in_o any_o ireland_n be_v a_o place_n which_o must_v have_v so_o great_a a_o army_n keep_v up_o in_o it_o as_o may_v make_v the_o irish_a desist_v from_o do_v themselves_o or_o the_o english_a harm_n by_o their_o future_a rebellion_n and_o this_o great_a army_n most_o occasion_n great_a and_o heavy_a levy_n upon_o a_o poor_a people_n and_o waste_a country_n it_o be_v therefore_o not_o amiss_o that_o ireland_n shall_v understand_v the_o nature_n and_o measure_n of_o tax_n and_o contribution_n 2._o the_o parish_n of_o ireland_n do_v much_o want_v regulation_n by_o unite_n and_o divide_v they_o so_o as_o to_o make_v they_o fit_a enclosure_n wherein_o to_o plant_v the_o gospel_n wherefore_o what_o i_o have_v say_v as_o to_o the_o danger_n of_o supernumerary_a minister_n may_v also_o be_v seasonable_a there_o when_o the_o new_a geography_n we_o expect_v of_o that_o island_n shall_v have_v afford_v mean_n for_o the_o regulation_n abovemention_v 3._o the_o great_a plenty_n of_o ireland_n will_v but_o undo_v it_o unless_o a_o way_n be_v find_v for_o advantageous_a exportation_n the_o which_o will_v depend_v upon_o the_o due_a measure_n of_o custom_n and_o excise_n here_o treat_v on_o 4._o since_o ireland_n be_v under-peopled_n in_o the_o whole_a and_o since_o the_o government_n there_o can_v never_o be_v safe_a without_o chargeable_a army_n until_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v english_a whether_o by_o carry_v over_o these_o or_o withdraw_v the_o other_o i_o think_v there_o can_v be_v no_o better_a encouragement_n to_o draw_v english_a man_n thither_o than_o to_o let_v they_o know_v that_o the_o king_n revenue_n be_v about_o a_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a wealth_n rent_n and_o proceed_v of_o the_o nation_n that_o the_o public_a charge_n in_o the_o next_o age_n will_v be_v no_o more_o feel_v there_o than_o that_o of_o tithe_n be_v here_o and_o that_o as_o the_o king_n revenue_n increase_v so_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o expense_n will_v decrease_v proportionable_o which_o be_v a_o double_a advantage_n 6._o the_o employ_v the_o beggar_n in_o england_n about_o mend_v the_o highway_n and_o make_v river_n navigable_a will_v make_v the_o wool_n and_o cattle_n of_o ireland_n vend_fw-mi the_o better_a 7._o the_o full_a understanding_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o money_n the_o effect_n of_o the_o various_a species_n of_o coin_n and_o of_o their_o uncertain_a value_n as_o also_o of_o raise_v or_o embase_v they_o be_v a_o learning_n most_o proper_a for_o ireland_n which_o have_v be_v late_o much_o and_o often_o abuse_v for_o the_o want_n of_o it_o 8._o since_o land_n be_v worth_a but_o six_o or_o seven_o year_n purchase_n and_o yet_o twenty_o year_n just_a across_o the_o channel_n it_o be_v good_a the_o people_n of_o ireland_n know_v the_o reason_n of_o it_o at_o a_o time_n when_o there_o be_v mean_n of_o help_n last_o if_o any_o man_n have_v any_o notion_n which_o probable_o may_v be_v good_a for_o ireland_n he_o may_v with_o most_o advantage_n expose_v they_o to_o public_a examination_n now_o when_o the_o duke_n of_o ormond_n be_v chief_a governor_n for_o 1._o his_o grace_n know_v that_o country_n perfect_o well_o as_o well_o in_o time_n and_o matter_n of_o peace_n as_o war_n and_o understand_v the_o interest_n as_o well_o of_o particular_a person_n as_o of_o all_o and_o every_o faction_n and_o party_n struggle_v with_o each_o other_o in_o that_o kingdom_n understand_v withal_o the_o state_n of_o england_n and_o also_o of_o several_a foreign_a nation_n with_o reference_n to_o ireland_n 2._o his_o grace_n have_v give_v fresh_a demonstration_n of_o his_o care_n of_o a_o english_a interest_n in_o ireland_n and_o of_o his_o wisdom_n in_o reconcile_a the_o several_a cross_a concernment_n there_o so_o far_o as_o the_o same_o be_v possible_a 3._o his_o grace_n estate_n in_o land_n there_o be_v the_o great_a that_o ever_o be_v in_o ireland_n and_o consequent_o he_o be_v out_o of_o the_o danger_n incident_a to_o those_o proreges_fw-la against_o who_o cambden_n say_v hibernia_n est_fw-la semper_fw-la querula_fw-la there_o be_v no_o reason_n for_o one_o get_n more_o land_n who_o have_v already_o the_o most_o of_o any_o 4._o whereas_o some_o chief_a governor_n who_o have_v go_v into_o ireland_n chief_o to_o repair_v or_o raise_v fortune_n have_v withdraw_v themselves_o again_o when_o their_o work_n have_v be_v do_v not_o abide_v the_o clamour_n and_o complaint_n of_o the_o people_n afterward_o but_o his_o grace_n have_v give_v hostage_n to_o that_o nation_n for_o his_o good_a government_n and_o yet_o have_v take_v away_o aforeh_a and_o all_o fear_n of_o the_o contrary_n 5._o his_o grace_n dare_v do_v whatever_o he_o understand_v to_o be_v fit_v even_o to_o the_o do_v of_o a_o single_a subject_a justice_n to_o a_o confederate_a mulcitude_n be_v above_o the_o sinister_a interpretation_n of_o the_o jealous_a and_o querulous_a for_o his_o know_a liberality_n and_o magnificence_n shall_v ever_o keep_v he_o free_a from_o the_o clamour_n of_o the_o people_n and_o his_o through-tried_n fidelity_n shall_v frustrate_v the_o force_n of_o any_o subdolous_a whisper_n in_o the_o ear_n of_o his_o majesty_n 6._o his_o good_a acceptance_n of_o all_o ingenious_a endeavour_n shall_v make_v the_o wise_a man_n of_o this_o eastern_a england_n be_v lead_v by_o his_o star_n into_o ireland_n and_o there_o present_v he_o with_o their_o choice_a advice_n who_o can_v most_o judicious_o select_a and_o apply_v they_o last_o this_o great_a person_n take_v the_o great_a settlement_n in_o hand_n when_o ireland_n be_v as_o a_o white_a paper_n when_o there_o sit_v a_o parliament_n most_o affectionate_a to_o his_o person_n and_o capable_a of_o his_o counsel_n under_o a_o king_n curious_a as_o well_o as_o careful_a of_o reformation_n and_o when_o there_o be_v opportunity_n to_o pass_v into_o positive_a law_n whatsoever_o be_v right_a reason_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n wherefore_o by_o apply_v those_o notion_n unto_o ireland_n i_o think_v i_o have_v harp_v upon_o the_o right_a string_n and_o have_v strike_v whilst_o the_o iron_n be_v hot_a by_o publish_v they_o now_o when_o if_o ever_o at_o all_o they_o be_v useful_a i_o will_v now_o advertise_v the_o world_n that_o i_o do_v not_o think_v i_o can_v mend_v it_o and_o that_o i_o hold_v it_o best_o for_o every_o man_n particular_a quiet_n to_o let_v it_o vadere_fw-mi sicut_fw-la vult_fw-la i_o know_v well_o that_o res_fw-la nolunt_fw-la male_a administrari_fw-la and_o that_o say_v i_o what_o i_o will_v or_o can_v thing_n will_v have_v their_o course_n nor_o will_v nature_n be_v cozen_v wherefore_o what_o i_o have_v write_v as_o i_o say_v before_o be_v do_v but_o to_o ease_n and_o deliver_v myself_o my_o head_n have_v be_v impregnate_v with_o these_o thing_n by_o the_o daily_a talk_n i_o hear_v about_o advance_v and_o regulate_v trade_n and_o by_o the_o murmur_n about_o tax_n etc._n etc._n now_o whether_o what_o i_o have_v say_v be_v contemn_v or_o cavil_v at_o i_o care_v not_o be_v of_o the_o same_o mind_n about_o this_o as_o some_o

though_o the_o difficulty_n of_o compute_v the_o contingent_a value_n of_o land_n be_v great_a yet_o there_o be_v great_a reason_n for_o undergo_a it_o p._n 33_o the_o nature_n of_o credit_n as_o the_o say_a word_n be_v common_o use_v among_o tradesman_n and_o otherwise_o ibid._n that_o the_o sovereign_n exact_a knowledge_n of_o the_o subject_n estate_n will_v do_v they_o no_o harm_n ibid._n a_o description_n of_o the_o duty_n of_o custom_n p._n 34_o a_o conjecture_n that_o custom_n at_o first_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o praemium_fw-la for_o insurance_n against_o pirate_n ibid._n the_o measure_n of_o the_o say_a duty_n upon_o exported_a good_n p._n 35_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o too_o heavy_a custom_n ibid._n what_o commodity_n may_v be_v force_v to_o pay_v custom_n ibid._n the_o measure_n of_o custom_n upon_o import_v good_n ibid._n the_o inconvenience_n of_o raise_v money_n by_o the_o way_n of_o custom_n p._n 36_o a_o proposal_n that_o instead_o of_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n upon_o ship_v good_n a_o tonnage_n be_v pay_v out_o of_o the_o ship_n freight_v p._n 37_o or_o that_o the_o custom_n be_v take_v as_o a_o insurance_n praemium_fw-la ibid._n of_o prohibit_v commodity_n in_o general_n ibid._n of_o prohibit_v the_o exportation_n of_o money_n and_o bullion_n ibid._n the_o say_a prohibition_n of_o money_n serve_v as_o a_o sumptuary_n law._n p._n 38_o about_o the_o exportation_n of_o wool_n ibid._n the_o lessen_v of_o our_o sheep-trade_n and_o increase_v of_o corn-tillage_n be_v a_o expedient_a in_o this_o case_n for_o many_o reason_n p._n 39_o other_o consideration_n tend_v to_o show_v that_o the_o too_o vehement_a prohibition_n of_o wool_n may_v be_v ineffectual_a or_o to_o do_v more_o harm_n than_o good_a ibid._n of_o prohibit_v importation_n 40_o it_o be_v better_a to_o make_v and_o raise_v commodity_n though_o to_o burn_v they_o than_o not_o to_o make_v they_o or_o let_v the_o maker_n lose_v their_o faculty_n and_o be_v idle_a ibid._n of_o free_a port_n and_o in_o what_o case_n they_o may_v do_v good_a or_o harm_n ibid._n of_o poll-money_n and_o the_o sort_n of_o it_o p._n 41_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o late_a poll-money_n ibid._n of_o the_o most_o simple_a poll-money_n where_o all_o pay_n alike_o its_o convenience_n and_o inconvenience_n p._n 42_o of_o poll-money_n upon_o title_n office_n and_o faculty_n ibid._n hearth-money_n be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o simple_a poll-money_n but_o both_o be_v rather_o accumulative_a excize_n p._n 43_o grant_n for_o public_a lottery_n be_v tax_n upon_o the_o people_n ibid._n why_o lottery_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v allow_v but_o by_o good_a authority_n p._n 44_o raise_v of_o money_n by_o benevolence_n be_v a_o real_a tax_n ibid._n three_o case_n where_o the_o way_n of_o a_o benevolence_n may_v be_v make_v good_a ibid._n several_a reason_n against_o it_o p._n 45_o the_o several_a species_n of_o penalty_n ibid._n a_o doubt_n whether_o the_o penalty_n set_v down_o in_o moses_n law_n ought_v to_o be_v inflict_v now_o p._n 46_o the_o proper_a use_n and_o reason_n of_o every_o sort_n of_o penalty_n ibid._n perpetual_a imprisonment_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o slow_a death_n p._n 47_o in_o what_o case_n death_n mutilation_n imprisonment_n disgrace_n etc._n etc._n aught_o to_o be_v commute_v for_o pecuniary_a mulct_n ibid._n the_o meaning_n of_o the_o double_a and_o multiple_a restitution_n mention_v in_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n p._n 48_o of_o the_o way_n for_o punish_v or_o permit_v heterodox_n believer_n in_o religion_n p._n 49_o that_o the_o sovereign_n may_v do_v either_o ibid._n that_o all_o pseudodoxy_n whatsoever_o may_v be_v safe_o muzzle_v from_o do_v harm_n by_o pecumary_a mulct_n ibid._n 50_o that_o the_o sovereign_n by_o punish_v they_o with_o death_n mutilation_n or_o imprisonment_n do_v therein_o punish_v himself_o and_o that_o too_o re_fw-mi insecta_fw-la very_o often_o ibid._n that_o the_o pastor_n ought_v in_o some_o measure_n to_o be_v punish_v for_o the_o error_n and_o defection_n of_o their_o flock_n ibid._n the_o true_a use_n of_o the_o clergy_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v pattern_n of_o holiness_n than_o to_o teach_v man_n variety_n of_o opinion_n de_fw-fr rebus_fw-la divinis_fw-la p._n 51_o the_o substance_n of_o all_o that_o have_v be_v say_v in_o this_o whole_a discourse_n about_o the_o church_n ibid._n the_o abuse_n of_o penal_a law_n p._n 52_o of_o monopoly_n ibid._n the_o use_n and_o reason_n of_o institute_a monopoly_n p._n 53_o a_o digression_n about_o new_a invention_n and_o the_o vexation_n incident_a to_o the_o projector_n of_o new_a practice_n ibid._n office_n institute_v by_o the_o state_n with_o fee_n of_o their_o own_o appointment_n be_v of_o a_o parallel_a nature_n to_o monopoly_n p._n 54_o why_o the_o fee_n of_o office_n be_v great_a heretofore_o ibid._n how_o office_n be_v become_v as_o a_o saleable_a commodity_n p._n 55_o why_o many_o superfluous_a office_n be_v not_o abolish_v ibid._n a_o description_n of_o tithe_n in_o several_a particular_n ibid._n the_o cause_n why_o tithe_n increase_v p._n 56_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n of_o england_n be_v but_o a_o quarter_n of_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o people_n the_o tithe_n in_o england_n be_v six_o time_n as_o much_o as_o they_o be_v four_o hundred_o year_n ago_o p._n 57_o the_o clergy_n be_v far_o rich_a now_o than_o they_o be_v in_o ancient_a time_n and_o yet_o have_v less_o work_n to_o do_v ibid._n the_o danger_n of_o too_o many_o churchman_n ibid._n how_o to_o adjust_a the_o number_n of_o church_n man_n and_o student_n in_o divinity_n p._n 58_o tithe_n be_v now_o no_o tax_n or_o burden_n upon_o the_o people_n ibid._n the_o way_n of_o tithe_n be_v a_o good_a pattern_n for_o a_o tax_n ibid._n the_o way_n of_o pay_v tithe_n in_o the_o city_n and_o country_n be_v very_o disproportionable_a p._n 59_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o contribute_v to_o the_o public_a charge_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o tithe_n ibid._n a_o reason_n why_o the_o way_n of_o tax_v the_o people_n be_v often_o shift_v ibid._n the_o state_n gain_v in_o several_a country_n by_o be_v common_a cashier_n usurer_n ensurer_n monopolist_n etc._n etc._n p._n 60_o the_o case_n of_o the_o jew_n every_o where_o subject_n to_o great_a tax_n brief_o state_v p._n 61_o the_o way_n of_o levy_v a_o aliquot_fw-la part_n of_o man_n estate_n very_o dangerous_a ibid._n alteration_n in_o the_o value_v of_o coin_n be_v a_o tax_n upon_o such_o as_o live_v by_o determine_a rent_n pension_n fee_n etc._n etc._n p._n 62_o what_o be_v embase_v of_o money_n and_o what_o be_v not_o ibid._n of_o tyn_n and_o copper_n money_n as_o well_o curious_o as_o coarse_o wrought_v ibid._n of_o the_o token_n coin_a by_o retail_v shopkeeper_n p._n 63_o what_o be_v gold_n and_o silver_n embase_v ibid._n the_o reason_n for_o embase_v of_o money_n ibid._n reason_n against_o the_o same_o ibid._n what_o be_v proper_o raise_v of_o money_n p._n 64_o the_o effect_n of_o raise_v both_o domestic_a and_o foreign_a coin_n ibid._n raise_v of_o money_n change_v the_o species_n of_o money_n but_o lessen_v the_o bullion_n p._n 65_o why_o many_o wise_a state_n have_v raise_v their_o money_n ibid._n raise_v of_o foreign_a money_n to_o a_o double_a value_n or_o abate_v the_o price_n of_o our_o native_a commodity_n to_o half_a be_v all_o one_o but_o the_o former_a be_v better_a p._n 66_o the_o way_n of_o compute_v and_o compare_v the_o price_n of_o commodity_n upon_o natural_a ground_n ibid._n 67_o man_n be_v real_o and_o actual_o rich_a according_a to_o what_o they_o spend_v and_o enjoy_v in_o their_o own_o person_n p._n 68_o excize_n be_v a_o tax_n upon_o such_o riches_n be_v a_o just_a way_n by_o which_o to_o defray_v the_o public_a charge_n ibid._n that_o a_o proportion_n ought_v to_o be_v pitch_v between_o the_o expense_n or_o consimption_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n and_o the_o public_a charge_n thereof_o p._n 69_o commodity_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v tax_v until_o they_o be_v just_o ripe_a for_o consumption_n ibid._n commodity_n of_o equal_a value_n may_v be_v unequal_o excize_v with_o justice_n ibid._n of_o accumulate_v the_o excize_n of_o many_o thing_n upon_o some_o one_o thing_n p._n 70_o whether_o native_a commodity_n export_v ought_v to_o pay_v excize_a ibid._n the_o explication_n of_o accumulative_a excize_n ibid._n reason_n for_o accumulate_v the_o excize_n of_o all_o thing_n upon_o some_o one_o thing_n ibid._n why_o beer_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v that_o one_o thing_n ibid._n hearth_n or_o smoak-money_n be_v a_o accumulative_a excize_n with_o the_o reason_n for_o and_o against_o it_o p._n 71_o reason_n in_o behalf_n of_o the_o excize_n p._n 72_o of_o frame_v person_n to_o be_v sit_v for_o great_a trust_n as_o to_o be_v cashier_v store-keeper_n checques_n etc._n etc._n ibid._n chap._n 1._o of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o public_a charge_n the_o public_a charge_n

than_o before_o second_o that_o the_o farmer_n to_o b._n shall_v gain_v more_o than_o before_o the_o tax_n three_o that_o the_o tenant_n or_o farmer_n of_o a._n shall_v gain_v as_o much_o as_o the_o king_n and_o tenant_n to_o b._n both_o four_o the_o tax_n do_v ultimate_o light_a upon_o the_o landlord_n a._n and_o the_o consumptioner_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o a_o land-tax_a resolve_n into_o a_o irregular_a excize_n upon_o consumption_n that_o those_o bear_v it_o most_o who_o lest_o complain_v and_o last_o that_o some_o landlord_n may_v gain_v and_o only_o such_o who_o rent_n be_v predetermine_v shall_v lose_v and_o that_o double_o viz._n one_o way_n by_o the_o raise_n of_o their_o revenue_n and_o the_o other_o by_o enhaunse_a the_o price_n of_o provision_n upon_o they_o 6._o another_o way_n be_v a_o excisium_n out_o of_o the_o rent_n of_o house_v which_o be_v much_o more_o uncertain_a than_o that_o of_o land._n for_o a_o house_n be_v of_o a_o double_a nature_n viz_o one_o wherein_o it_o be_v a_o way_n and_o mean_n of_o expense_n the_o other_o as_o it_o be_v a_o instrument_n and_o tool_n of_o gain_n for_o a_o shop_n in_o london_n of_o less_o capacity_n and_o less_o charge_n in_o build_v then_o a_o fair_a dining-room_n in_o the_o same_o house_n unto_o which_o both_o do_v belong_v shall_v nevertheless_o be_v of_o the_o great_a value_n so_o also_o shall_v a_o dungeon_n cellar_n than_o a_o pleasant_a camber_n because_o the_o one_o be_v expense_n the_o other_o profit_n now_o the_o way_n of_o a_o land-tax_a rate_n house_n as_o of_o the_o latter_a nature_n but_o the_o excize_n as_o of_o the_o former_a 7._o we_o may_v add_v hereunto_o that_o house_n be_v sometime_o disproportional_o tax_v to_o discourage_v building_n especal_o upon_o new_a foundation_n thereby_o to_o prevent_v the_o growth_n of_o a_o city_n suppose_v london_n such_o excessive_a and_o overgrow_v grow_v city_n be_v dangerous_a to_o monarchy_n though_o the_o more_o secure_a when_o the_o supremacy_n be_v in_o citizen_n of_o such_o place_n themselves_o as_o in_o venice_n 8._o but_o we_o say_v that_o such_o check_v of_o new_a building_n signify_v nothing_o to_o this_o purpose_n forasmuch_o as_o building_n do_v not_o increase_v until_o the_o people_n already_o have_v increase_v but_o the_o remedy_n of_o the_o above_o mention_v danger_n be_v to_o be_v seek_v in_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o increase_n of_o people_n the_o which_o if_o they_o can_v be_v nip_v the_o other_o work_n will_v necessary_o be_v do_v but_o what_o then_o be_v the_o true_a effect_n of_o forbid_v to_o build_v upon_o new_a foundation_n i_o answer_v to_o keep_v and_o fasten_v the_o city_n to_o its_o old_a seat_n and_o ground-plot_n the_o which_o encouragement_n for_o new_a building_n will_v remove_v as_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v almost_o in_o all_o great_a city_n though_o insensible_o and_o not_o under_o many_o year_n progression_n 9_o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v because_o man_n be_v unwilling_a to_o build_v new_a house_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o pull_v down_o their_o old_a where_o both_o the_o old_a house_n itself_o and_o the_o ground_n it_o stand_v upon_o do_v make_v a_o much_o dear_a ground-plot_n for_o a_o newhouse_n and_o yet_o far_o less_o free_a and_o convenient_a wherefore_o man_n build_v upon_o new_a free_a foundation_n and_o cobble_v up_o old_a house_n until_o they_o become_v fundamental_o irreparable_a at_o which_o time_n they_o become_v either_o the_o dwell_n of_o the_o rascality_n or_o in_o process_n of_o time_n return_v to_o waste_v and_o garden_n again_o example_n whereof_o be_v many_o even_o about_o london_n now_o if_o great_a city_n be_v natural_o apt_a to_o remove_v their_o seat_n i_o ask_v which_o way_n i_o say_v in_o the_o case_n of_o london_n it_o must_v be_v westward_o because_o the_o wind_n blow_v near_o 3_o fourth_n of_o the_o year_n from_o the_o west_n the_o dwelling_n of_o the_o west_n end_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o free_a from_o the_o fume_n steam_n and_o stink_v of_o the_o whole_a easterly_a pyle_n which_o where_o seacole_n be_v burn_v be_v a_o great_a matter_n now_o if_o it_o follow_v from_o hence_o that_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o great_a man_n will_v remove_v westward_o it_o will_v also_o natural_o follow_v that_o the_o dwelling_n of_o other_o who_o depend_v upon_o they_o will_v creep_v after_o they_o this_o we_o see_v in_o london_n where_o the_o nobleman_n ancient_a house_n be_v now_o become_v hall_n for_o company_n or_o turn_v into_o tenement_n and_o all_o the_o palace_n be_v get_v westward_o insomuch_o as_o i_o do_v not_o doubt_v but_o that_o five_o humdred_a year_n hence_o the_o king_n palace_n will_v be_v near_o ch●lsy_n and_o the_o old_a build_n of_o whitehall_n convert_v to_o use_n more_o answerable_a to_o their_o quality_n for_o to_o build_v a_o new_a royal_a palace_n upon_o the_o same_o ground_n will_v be_v too_o great_a a_o confinement_n in_o respect_n of_o garden_n and_o other_o magnificency_n and_o withal_o a_o disaccommodation_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o work_n but_o it_o rather_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o the_o next_o palace_n will_v be_v build_v from_o the_o whole_a present_a contignation_n of_o house_n at_o such_o a_o distance_n as_o the_o whole_a palace_n of_o westminster_n be_v from_o the_o city_n of_o london_n when_o the_o archer_n begin_v to_o bend_v their_o bow_n just_a without_o ludgate_n and_o when_o all_o the_o space_n between_o the_o thames_n fleetstreet_n and_o hollorn_a be_v as_o finsbury-field_n be_v now_o 10._o this_o digression_n i_o confess_v to_o be_v both_o impertinent_a to_o the_o business_n of_o tax_n and_o in_o itself_o almost_o needless_a for_o why_o shall_v we_o trouble_v ourselves_o what_o shall_v be_v five_o hundred_o year_n hence_o not_o know_v what_o a_o day_n may_v bring_v forth_o and_o since_o it_o be_v not_o unlikely_a but_o that_o before_o that_o time_n we_o may_v be_v all_o transplant_v from_o hence_o into_o america_n these_o country_n be_v overrun_v with_o turk_n and_o make_v waste_v as_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o famous_a eastern_a empire_n at_o this_o day_n be_v 11._o only_o i_o think_v it_o be_v certain_a that_o while_o ever_o there_o be_v people_n in_o england_n the_o great_a cohabitation_n of_o they_o will_v be_v about_o the_o place_n which_o be_v now_o london_n the_o thames_n be_v the_o most_o commodious_a river_n of_o this_o island_n and_o the_o seat_n of_o london_n the_o most_o commodious_a part_n of_o the_o thames_n so_o much_o do_v the_o mean_n of_o facilitate_v carriage_n greaten_v a_o city_n which_o may_v put_v we_o in_o mind_n of_o employ_v our_o idle_a hand_n about_o mend_v the_o highway_n make_v bridge_n cawseys_n and_o river_n navigable_a which_o consideration_n bring_v i_o back_o round_o into_o my_o way_n of_o tax_n from_o whence_o i_o digress_v 12._o but_o before_o we_o talk_v too_o much_o of_o rent_n we_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o explain_v the_o mysterion_n nature_n of_o they_o with_o reference_n as_o well_o to_o money_n the_o rent_n of_o which_o we_o call_v usury_n as_o to_o that_o of_o land_n and_o house_n aforemention_v 13._o suppose_v a_o man_n can_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n plant_v a_o certain_a scope_n of_o land_n with_o corn_n that_o be_v can_v diggor_n plough_n harrow_n weed_n reap_v carry_v home_o thresh_v and_o winnow_v so_o much_o as_o the_o husbandry_n of_o this_o land_n require_v and_o have_v withal_o seed_n wherewith_o to_o sow_v the_o same_o i_o say_v that_o when_o this_o man_n have_v subduct_v his_o seed_n out_o of_o the_o proceed_v of_o his_o harvest_n and_o also_o what_o himself_o have_v both_o eat_v and_o give_v to_o other_o in_o exchange_n for_o clothes_n and_o other_o natural_a necessary_n that_o the_o remainder_n of_o corn_n be_v the_o natural_a and_o true_a rent_n of_o the_o land_n for_o that_o year_n and_o the_o medium_n of_o seven_o year_n or_o rather_o of_o so_o many_o year_n as_o make_v up_o the_o cycle_n within_o which_o dearth_n and_o plenty_n make_v their_o revolution_n do_v give_v the_o ordinary_a rent_n of_o the_o land_n in_o corn._n 14._o but_o a_o further_o though_o collateral_a question_n may_v be_v how_o much_o english_a money_n this_o corn_n or_o rent_n be_v worth_a i_o answer_v so_o much_o as_o the_o money_n which_o another_o single_a man_n can_v save_v within_o the_o same_o time_n over_o and_o above_o his_o expense_n if_o he_o employ_v himself_o whole_o to_o produce_v and_o make_v it_o viz._n let_v another_o man_n go_v travel_n into_o a_o country_n where_o be_v silver_n there_o dig_v it_o refine_v it_o bring_v it_o to_o the_o same_o place_n where_o the_o other_o man_n plant_v his_o corn_n coin_n it_o etc._n etc._n the_o same_o person_n all_o the_o while_n of_o his_o work_n for_o silver_n gather_v also_o food_n for_o his_o necessary_a livelihood_n and_o procure_v himself_o cover_v etc._n etc._n i_o

in_o power_n be_v themselves_o protect_v by_o office_n and_o protect_a other_o moreover_o the_o number_n of_o criminous_a and_o indebt_v person_n be_v great_a they_o favour_v their_o like_a in_o juries_n office_n and_o wheresoever_o they_o can_v beside_o the_o country_n be_v seldom_o rich_a enough_o to_o give_v due_a encouragement_n to_o profound_a judge_n and_o lawyer_n which_o make_v judgement_n very_o casual_a ignorant_a man_n be_v more_o bold_a to_o be_v apt_a and_o arbitrary_a than_o such_o as_o understand_v the_o danger_n of_o it_o but_o all_o this_o a_o little_a care_n in_o due_a season_n may_v remedy_v so_o as_o to_o bring_v ireland_n in_o a_o few_o year_n to_o the_o same_o level_n of_o value_n with_o other_o place_n but_o of_o this_o also_o elsewhere_o more_o at_o large_a for_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o shall_v come_v to_o usury_n chap._n v._o of_o usury_n what_o reason_n there_o be_v for_o take_v or_o give_v interest_n or_o usury_n for_o any_o thing_n which_o we_o may_v certain_o have_v again_o whensoever_o we_o call_v for_o it_o i_o see_v not_o nor_o why_o usury_n shall_v be_v scruple_v where_o money_n or_o other_o necessary_n value_v by_o it_o be_v lend_v to_o be_v pay_v at_o such_o a_o time_n and_o place_n as_o the_o borrower_n choose_v so_o as_o the_o lender_n can_v have_v his_o money_n pay_v he_o back_o where_o and_o when_o himself_o please_v i_o also_o see_v not_o wherefore_o when_o a_o man_n give_v out_o his_o money_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o may_v not_o demand_v it_o back_o until_o a_o certain_a time_n to_o come_v whatsoever_o his_o own_o necessity_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o certain_o may_v take_v a_o compensation_n for_o this_o inconvenience_n which_o he_o admit_v against_o himself_o and_o this_o allowance_n be_v that_o we_o common_o call_v usury_n 2_o and_o when_o one_o man_n furnish_v another_o with_o money_n at_o some_o distant_a place_n and_o engage_v under_o great_a penalty_n to_o pay_v he_o there_o and_o at_o a_o certain_a day_n beside_o the_o consideration_n for_o this_o be_v that_o we_o call_v exchange_n or_o local_a usury_n as_o for_o example_n if_o a_o man_n want_v money_n at_o carlisle_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n when_o the_o way_n be_v full_a of_o soldier_n and_o robber_n and_o the_o passage_n by_o sea_n very_o long_o troublesome_a and_o dangerous_a and_o seldom_o pass_v why_o may_v not_o another_o take_v much_o more_o than_o a_o 100_o l._n at_o london_n for_o warrant_v the_o like_a sum_n to_o be_v pay_v at_o carlisle_n on_o a_o certain_a day_n 3._o now_o the_o question_n arise_v hence_o be_v what_o be_v the_o natural_a standard_n of_o usury_n and_o exchange_n as_o for_o usury_n the_o least_o that_o can_v be_v be_v the_o rent_n of_o so_o much_o land_n as_o the_o money_n lend_v will_v buy_v where_o the_o security_n be_v undoubted_a but_o where_o the_o security_n be_v casual_a than_o a_o kind_n of_o insurance_n must_v be_v enterwoven_v with_o the_o simple_a natural_a interest_n which_o may_v advance_v the_o usury_n very_o conscionable_o unto_o any_o height_n below_o the_o principal_n itself_o now_o if_o thing_n be_v so_o in_o england_n that_o real_o there_o be_v no_o such_o security_n as_o abovementioned_a but_o that_o all_o be_v more_o or_o less_o hazardous_a troublesome_a or_o chargeable_a to_o make_v i_o see_v no_o reason_n for_o endeavour_v to_o limit_v usury_n upon_o time_n any_o more_o than_o that_o upon_o place_n which_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o world_n do_v not_o unless_o it_o be_v that_o those_o who_o make_v such_o law_n be_v rather_o borrower_n than_o lender_n but_o of_o the_o vanity_n and_o fruitlesness_n of_o make_v civil_a positive_a law_n against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n i_o have_v speak_v elsewhere_o and_o instance_a in_o several_a particular_n 4._o as_o for_o the_o natural_a measure_n of_o exchange_n i_o say_v that_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n the_o great_a exchange_n can_v be_v bat_n the_o labour_n of_o carry_v the_o money_n in_o specie_fw-la but_o where_o be_v hazard_n and_o emergent_a use_n for_o money_n more_o in_o one_o place_n than_o another_o etc._n etc._n or_o opinion_n of_o these_o true_a or_o false_a the_o exchange_n will_v be_v govern_v by_o they_o 5._o parallel_v unto_o this_o be_v something_o which_o we_o omit_v concern_v the_o price_n of_o land_n for_o as_o great_a need_n of_o money_n heighten_v exchange_n so_o do_v great_a need_n of_o corn_n raise_v the_o price_n of_o that_o likewise_o and_o consequent_o of_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n that_o bear_v corn_n and_o last_o of_o the_o land_n itself_o as_o for_o example_n if_o the_o corn_n which_o feed_v london_n or_o a_o army_n be_v bring_v forty_o mile_n together_o than_o the_o corn_n grow_v within_o a_o mile_n of_o london_n or_o the_o quarter_n of_o such_o army_n shall_v have_v add_v unto_o its_o natural_a price_n so_o much_o as_o the_o charge_n of_o bring_v it_o thirty_o nine_o mile_n do_v amount_v unto_o and_o unto_o perishable_a commodity_n as_o fresh_a fish_n fruit_n etc._n etc._n the_o insurance_n upon_o the_o hazard_n of_o corrupt_v etc._n etc._n shall_v be_v add_v also_o and_o final_o unto_o he_o that_o eat_v these_o thing_n there_o suppose_v in_o tavern_n shall_v be_v add_v the_o charge_n of_o all_o the_o circumstantial_a apparatus_fw-la of_o house-rent_a furniture_n attendance_n and_o the_o cook_n skill_n as_o well_o as_o his_o labour_n to_o accompany_v the_o same_o 6._o hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o land_n intrinsical_o alike_o near_o populous_a place_n such_o as_o be_v the_o perimeter_n of_o the_o area_n that_o seed_n they_o be_v great_a will_v not_o only_o yield_v more_o rend_v for_o these_o reason_n but_o also_o more_o year_n purchase_v than_o in_o remote_a place_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o pleasure_n and_o honour_v extraordinary_a of_o have_v land_n there_o for_o omne_fw-la tulit_fw-la punctum_fw-la qui_fw-la mis●uit_fw-la utile_fw-la dul●●_n 7._o have_v finish_v our_o digression_n upon_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o rent_n and_o value_v of_o land_n and_o money_n we_o now_o return_v to_o our_o second_o way_n of_o levy_v public_a charge_n which_o be_v the_o take_n of_o a_o proportion_n of_o the_o rent_n common_o call_v assessment_n it_o follow_v next_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o way_n of_o compute_v the_o say_a rent_n otherwise_o than_o according_a to_o the_o bargain_n which_o a_o few_o man_n make_v one_o with_o another_o through_o ignorance_n haste_n false_a suggestion_n or_o else_o in_o their_o passion_n or_o drink_n although_o i_o acknowledge_v that_o the_o medium_n or_o common_a result_n of_o all_o the_o bargain_n make_v within_o three_o year_n or_o other_o such_o cycle_n of_o time_n as_o within_o which_o all_o contingency_n of_o land_n revolve_v may_v be_v very_o sufficient_a to_o this_o purpose_n be_v but_o the_o sum_n synthetical_o compute_v by_o casual_a opinion_n as_o i_o will_v endeavour_v to_o cast_v up_o analytical_o by_o a_o distinct_a particularise_v of_o the_o cause_n 8._o 1._o therefore_o i_o propound_v a_o survey_n of_o the_o figure_n quantity_n and_o situation_n of_o all_o the_o land_n both_o according_a to_o the_o civil_a bound_n of_o parish_n farm_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o natural_a distinction_n thereof_o by_o the_o sea_n rivers_n ridge_n of_o rock_n or_o mountain_n etc._n etc._n 9_o 2._o i_o propound_v that_o the_o quality_n of_o each_o denomination_n be_v describe_v by_o the_o commodity_n it_o have_v usual_o bear_v in_o some_o land_n some_o sort_n of_o timber_n grain_n pulse_n or_o root_n grow_v more_o happy_o than_o in_o other_o also_o by_o the_o increase_n of_o thing_n sow_o or_o plant_v which_o it_o have_v yield_v communibus_fw-la annis_fw-la and_o withal_o the_o comparative_a goodness_n of_o the_o say_a commodity_n not_o unto_o the_o common_a standard_n money_n but_o to_o one_o another_o as_o for_o example_n if_o there_o be_v ten_o acre_n of_o land_n i_o will_v have_v it_o judge_v whether_o they_o be_v better_o for_o hay_n or_o corn_n if_o for_o hay_o whether_o the_o say_v ten_o acre_n will_v bear_v more_o or_o less_o of_o hay_n than_o ten_o other_o acre_n and_o whether_o a_o hundred_o weight_n of_o the_o say_a hay_n will_v feed_v or_o fatten_v more_o or_o less_o than_o the_o same_o weight_n of_o other_o hay_n and_o not_o as_o yet_o compare_v it_o to_o money_n in_o which_o the_o value_n of_o the_o say_a hay_n will_v be_v more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o plenty_n of_o money_n which_o have_v change_v strange_o since_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o west-indies_n and_o according_a to_o the_o multitude_n of_o people_n live_v near_o this_o land_n together_o with_o the_o luxurious_a or_o frugal_a live_n of_o they_o and_o beside_o all_o according_a to_o the_o civil_a natural_a and_o religious_a opinion_n of_o the_o say_a people_n as_o for_o example_n egg_n in_o the_o forepart_n

for_o whatsoever_o he_o will_v have_v insure_v 14._o but_o it_o will_v be_v here_o object_v that_o although_o the_o duty_n of_o custom_n be_v abrogate_a yet_o that_o there_o must_v be_v always_o the_o same_o number_n of_o officer_n maintain_v as_o now_o to_o prevent_v the_o bring_n in_o and_o carry_v out_o of_o prohibit_v commodity_n wherefore_o we_o shall_v here_o state_n the_o nature_n of_o such_o prohibition_n by_o two_o or_o three_o grand_a instance_n 15._o to_o prohibit_v the_o exportation_n of_o money_n in_o that_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n almost_o impracticable_a it_o be_v almost_o nugatory_a and_o vain_a and_o the_o danger_n of_o it_o resolve_v either_o into_o a_o kind_n of_o insurance_n answerable_a to_o the_o danger_n of_o be_v seize_v or_o unto_o a_o surcharge_n of_o a_o composition_n by_o bribe_v the_o searcher_n as_o for_o example_n if_o but_o one_o in_o fifty_o exportation_n be_v seize_v or_o if_o twenty_o shilling_n be_v usual_o take_v for_o connive_v at_o fifty_o pound_n than_o the_o commodity_n buy_v with_o this_o money_n must_v be_v sell_v two_o at_o lest_o per_fw-la cent_n the_o dear_a to_o the_o consumptioner_n now_o if_o the_o trade_n will_v not_o bear_v this_o surcharge_n than_o money_n will_v not_o be_v export_v with_o discretion_n now_o the_o use_n of_o this_o prohibition_n suppose_v it_o practicable_a be_v to_o serve_v as_o a_o sumptuary_n law_n and_o to_o bind_v the_o nation_n in_o general_n not_o to_o spend_v more_o than_o they_o get_v for_o if_o we_o can_v export_v no_o commodity_n of_o our_o own_o growth_n or_o manufacture_n than_o by_o prohibit_v the_o go_v out_o of_o money_n it_o be_v also_o ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la command_v that_o nothing_o foreign_a shall_v be_v bring_v in_o again_o suppose_v that_o ordinary_o we_o export_v enough_o to_o furnish_v we_o with_o all_o foreign_a commodity_n but_o upon_o some_o extraordinary_a decay_n of_o our_o land_n or_o hand_n we_o be_v able_a to_o export_v but_o half_a as_o much_o as_o will_v procure_v our_o ordinary_a proportion_n of_o foreign_a good_n than_o the_o prohibition_n of_o money_n perform_v indeed_o the_o part_n of_o a_o sumptuary_n law_n in_o hinder_v we_o to_o bring_v in_o any_o more_o than_o half_a as_o much_o foreign_a commodity_n as_o we_o former_o use_v only_o it_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o merchant_n to_o choose_v which_o he_o will_v neglect_v or_o forbear_v to_o bring_v in_o and_o which_o not_o whereas_o in_o sumptuary_n law_n the_o state_n take_v this_o care_n upon_o themselves_o as_o for_o example_n if_o we_o want_v exportation_n to_o balance_v our_o importation_n by_o forty_o thousand_o pound_n and_o suppose_v for_o example_n sake_n that_o the_o importation_n of_o forty_o thousand_o pound_n worth_a of_o coffee-berry_n or_o the_o like_a of_o spanish_a wine_n must_v be_v retrench_v in_o this_o case_n the_o say_a prohibition_n of_o money_n will_v do_v one_o or_o some_o of_o the_o one_o and_o some_o of_o the_o other_o as_o the_o merchant_n himself_o please_v but_o the_o sumptuary_n law_n determine_v whether_o we_o shall_v encourage_v and_o keep_v fair_a with_o the_o nation_n that_o send_v we_o wine_n rather_o than_o that_o which_o send_v we_o coffee_n and_o whether_o the_o expense_n of_o wine_n or_o coffee_n be_v most_o prejudicial_a to_o our_o people_n etc._n etc._n 16._o the_o benefit_n allege_v for_o the_o free_a exportation_n of_o money_n be_v mere_o this_o viz._n that_o if_o a_o ship_n carry_v out_o of_o england_n forty_o thousand_o pound_n worth_a of_o cloth_n may_v also_o carry_v with_o it_o forty_o thousand_o pound_n in_o money_n then_o can_v the_o merchant_n stand_v the_o stiff_a upon_o his_o term_n and_o in_o fine_a will_v buy_v cheap_a and_o sell_v dear_a but_o by_o the_o way_n the_o merchant_n buy_v this_o power_n with_o the_o interest_n and_o advantage_n of_o the_o money_n he_o carry_v which_o if_o it_o amount_v to_o five_o pound_n per_fw-la cent._n then_o he_o have_v better_a sell_v his_o good_n at_o four_o pound_n per_fw-la cent._n under_o rate_n than_o to_o have_v fortify_v himself_o with_o money_n as_o aforesaid_a but_o of_o this_o more_o may_v be_v say_v we_o hasten_v to_o the_o great_a point_n of_o wool_n 17._o the_o hollander_n have_v get_v away_o our_o manufacture_n of_o cloth_n by_o become_v able_a to_o work_v with_o more_o art_n to_o labour_v and_o fare_v hard_o to_o take_v less_o freight_n duty_n and_o insurance_n have_v so_o mad_v we_o here_o in_o england_n that_o we_o have_v be_v apt_a to_o think_v of_o such_o exorbitant_o fierce_a way_n of_o prohibit_v wool_n and_o earth_n to_o be_v export_v as_o perhaps_o will_v do_v we_o twice_o as_o much_o harm_n as_o the_o loss_n of_o our_o say_a trade_n wherefore_o to_o return_v to_o our_o wit_n and_o trade_n again_o before_o we_o can_v tell_v what_o to_o do_v in_o this_o case_n we_o must_v consider_v 1._o that_o we_o be_v often_o force_v to_o buy_v corn_n from_o abroad_o and_o as_o often_o complain_v that_o we_o be_v pester_v with_o abundance_n of_o idle_a hand_n at_o home_n and_o withal_o that_o we_o can_v vend_n the_o woollen_a manufacture_n even_o which_o our_o few_o work_a hand_n do_v produce_v in_o this_o case_n be_v it_o not_o better_a to_o lessen_v our_o sheep-trade_n and_o convert_v our_o hand_n to_o more_o tillage_n because_o 1._o flesh_n become_v dear_a there_o will_v be_v encouragement_n for_o fish_n which_o will_v never_o be_v till_o then_o 2._o our_o money_n will_v not_o run_v so_o fast_o away_o for_o corn._n 3._o we_o shall_v have_v no_o such_o glut_v of_o wool_n upon_o our_o hand_n 4._o our_o idle_a hand_n will_v be_v employ_v in_o tillage_n and_o fish_n one_o man_n by_o the_o way_n of_o graze_v till_v as_o it_o be_v many_o thousand_o acre_n of_o land_n by_o himself_o and_o his_o dog._n 2._o suppose_v we_o want_v no_o corn_n nor_o have_v any_o idle_a hand_n and_o yet_o that_o we_o abound_v with_o more_o wool_n than_o we_o can_v work_v up_o in_o this_o case_n certain_o wool_n may_v be_v export_v because_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o hand_n which_o work_n be_v already_o employ_v upon_o a_o better_a trade_n 3._o suppose_v the_o hollander_n outdo_v we_o by_o more_o art_n be_v it_o not_o better_a to_o draw_v over_o a_o number_n of_o their_o choice_a workman_n or_o send_v our_o most_o ingenious_a man_n thither_o to_o learn_v which_o if_o they_o succeed_v it_o be_v most_o manifest_a that_o this_o be_v the_o more_o natural_a way_n than_o to_o keep_v that_o infinite_a clutter_v about_o resist_v of_o nature_n stop_v up_o the_o wind_n and_o sea_n etc._n etc._n 4._o if_o we_o can_v make_v victual_n much_o cheap_a here_o than_o in_o holland_n take_v away_o burdensome_a frivolous_a and_o antiquate_a imposition_n and_o office_n i_o conceive_v even_o this_o be_v better_a than_o to_o persuade_v water_n to_o rise_v of_o itself_o above_o its_o natural_a spring_n 5._o we_o must_v consider_v in_o general_a that_o as_o wise_a physician_n tamper_v not_o excessive_o with_o their_o patient_n rather_o observe_v and_o comply_v with_o the_o motion_n of_o nature_n than_o contradict_v it_o with_o vehement_a administration_n of_o their_o own_o so_o in_o politic_n and_o economic_n the_o same_o must_v be_v use_v for_o naturam_fw-la expellas_fw-la surca_fw-la licet_fw-la usque_fw-la recurrit_fw-la 18._o nevertheless_o if_o the_o hollander_n advantage_n in_o make_v cloth_n be_v but_o small_a and_o few_o in_o comparison_n of_o we_o that_o be_v if_o they_o have_v but_o a_o little_a the_o better_a of_o we_o than_o i_o conceive_v that_o prohibition_n to_o export_v wool_n may_v sufficient_o turn_v the_o scale_n but_o whether_o this_o be_v so_o or_o not_o i_o leave_v to_o other_o be_v myself_o neither_o merchant_n nor_o statesman_n 19_o as_o for_o prohibition_n of_o importation_n i_o say_v that_o it_o need_v not_o be_v until_o they_o much_o exceed_v our_o exportation_n for_o if_o we_o shall_v think_v it_o hard_o to_o give_v good_a necessary_a cloth_n for_o debauch_v wine_n yet_o if_o we_o can_v dispose_v of_o our_o cloth_n to_o other_o it_o be_v better_a to_o give_v it_o for_o wine_n or_o worse_o than_o to_o cease_v make_v it_o nay_o better_o to_o burn_v a_o thousand_o man_n labour_n for_o a_o time_n than_o to_o let_v those_o thousand_o man_n by_o non-imployment_n lose_v their_o faculty_n of_o labour_v in_o brief_a what_o may_v be_v further_o say_v hereupon_o resolve_v into_o the_o doctrine_n and_o ingenium_fw-la of_o make_v sumptuary_n law_n and_o judicious_a use_n of_o they_o pro_fw-la hic_fw-la &_o nunc_fw-la 20._o unto_o this_o discourse_n of_o custom_n appertain_v that_o of_o free_a port_n which_o in_o a_o nation_n that_o only_a trade_n for_o itself_o viz._n vent_v its_o own_o superfluity_n and_o import_v only_a necessary_n for_o itself_o be_v of_o no_o use_n but_o rather_o harm_n for_o suppose_v wine_n be_v bring_v into_o

strain_v this_o accumulation_n so_o as_o they_o will_v have_v all_o thing_n together_o tax_v upon_o some_o one_o single_a particular_a such_o as_o they_o think_v to_o be_v near_a the_o common_a standard_n of_o all_o expense_n the_o principal_a end_n of_o their_o proposition_n be_v these_o viz._n first_o to_o disguise_v the_o name_n of_o excize_n as_o odious_a to_o they_o that_o do_v neither_o know_v the_o payment_n of_o tax_n to_o be_v as_o indispensible_a as_o eat_v and_o as_o have_v not_o consider_v the_o natural_a justice_n of_o this_o way_n of_o excize_v or_o proportionate_v second_o to_o avoid_v the_o trouble_n and_o charge_n of_o collect_v three_o to_o bring_v the_o business_n ad_fw-la firmum_fw-la and_o to_o a_o certainty_n of_o all_o which_o we_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o when_o we_o examine_v the_o several_a reason_n for_o and_o against_o the_o way_n of_o excize_n proceed_v now_o to_o the_o several_a species_n of_o accumulative_a excize_n propound_v in_o the_o world_n 8._o some_o propound_n beer_n to_o be_v the_o only_a excizable_a commodity_n supose_v that_o in_o the_o proportion_n that_o man_n drink_v they_o make_v all_o other_o expense_n which_o certain_o will_v not_o hold_v especial_o if_o strong_a beer_n pay_v quintuple_a unto_o as_o now_o or_o any_o more_o excize_a than_o the_o small_a for_o poor_a carpenter_n smith_n feltmaker_n etc._n etc._n drink_v twice_o as_o much_o strong_a beer_n as_o gentleman_n do_v of_o small_a must_v consequent_o pay_v ten_o time_n as_o much_o excize_n moreover_o upon_o the_o artisan_n beer_n be_v accumulate_v only_o a_o little_a bread_n and_o cheese_n leathern_a clothes_n neck_n beef_n and_o inward_o twice_o a_o week_n stale_a fish_n old_a pease_n without_o butter_n etc._n etc._n whereas_o on_o the_o other_o beside_o drink_n be_v accumulate_v as_o many_o more_o thing_n as_o nature_n and_o art_n can_v produce_v beside_o this_o way_n of_o excize_v though_o it_o be_v never_o so_o well_o administer_v be_v neither_o so_o equal_a nor_o so_o easy_a nor_o so_o examinable_a as_o the_o simple_a poll-money_n before_o speak_v of_o which_o be_v also_o but_o a_o accumulative_a excize_n 6._o what_o have_v be_v propound_v for_o beer_n may_v be_v of_o salt_n fuel_n bread_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o proposition_n will_v all_o labour_n under_o the_o same_o inconvenience_n for_o some_o spend_v more_o some_o less_o of_o these_o commodity_n and_o sometime_o family_n each_o whereof_o be_v propound_v to_o be_v farm_a without_o descend_v to_o individual_a head_n be_v more_o numerous_a at_o some_o time_n then_o at_o other_o according_a as_o their_o estate_n or_o other_o interest_n shall_v wax_v or_o wane_n 10._o of_o all_o the_o accumulative_a excize_n that_o of_o harth-money_n or_o smoak-money_n seem_v the_o best_a and_o that_o only_o because_o the_o easy_a andclear_a and_o fit_a to_o ground_v a_o certain_a revenue_n upon_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o tell_v the_o number_n harths_n which_o remove_v not_o as_o head_n or_o poll_n do_v moreover_o it_o be_v more_o easy_a to_o pay_v a_o small_a tax_n then_o to_o alter_v or_o abrogate_v harth_n even_o though_o they_o be_v useless_a and_o supernumerary_a nor_o be_v it_o possible_a to_o cover_v they_o because_o most_o of_o the_o neighbour_n know_v they_o nor_o in_o new_a building_n will_v any_o man_n who_o give_v forty_o shilling_n for_o make_v a_o chimney_n be_v without_o it_o for_o two_o 11._o here_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o a_o harth-money_n must_v be_v but_o small_a or_o else_o it_o will_v be_v intolerable_a it_o be_v more_o easy_a for_o a_o gentleman_n of_o a_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o pay_v for_o a_o hundred_o chimney_n few_o of_o their_o mansion_n house_n have_v more_o then_o for_o labourer_n to_o pay_v for_o two_o moreover_o if_o the_o landlord_n only_o pay_v this_o tax_n then_o be_v it_o not_o and_o accumulative_a excize_n for_o all_o but_o a_o particular_a excize_n upon_o but_o one_o only_a commodity_n namely_o house_n 12._o now_o the_o reason_n for_o excize_n be_v these_o viz._n first_o the_o natural_a justice_n that_o every_o man_n shall_v pay_v according_a to_o what_o he_o actual_o enjoy_v upon_o which_o account_n this_o tax_n be_v scarce_o force_v upon_o any_o and_o be_v very_a light_n to_o these_o who_o please_v to_o be_v content_a with_o natural_a necessry_n second_o this_o tax_n if_o it_o be_v not_o farm_a but_o regular_o collect_v engage_v to_o thirst_n the_o only_a way_n to_o enrich_v a_o nation_n as_o by_o the_o dutch_a and_o jew_n and_o by_o all_o other_o man_n who_o have_v come_v to_o vast_a estate_n by_o trade_n do_v appear_v three_o no_o man_n pay_v double_a or_o twice_o for_o the_o same_o thing_n forasmuch_o as_o nothing_o can_v be_v spend_v but_o once_o whereas_o it_o be_v frequent_o see_v that_o otherwise_o man_n pay_v both_o by_o the_o rent_n of_o their_o land_n by_o their_o smoke_n by_o their_o title_n and_o by_o custom_n which_o all_o man_n do_v though_o merchant_n chief_o talk_v of_o it_o they_o also_o pay_v by_o benevolence_n and_o by_o tithe_n whereas_o in_o this_o way_n of_o excize_n no_o man_n need_v pay_v but_o one_o way_n nor_o but_o once_o properly_z speaking_z five_o by_o this_o way_n a_o excellent_a account_n may_v be_v take_v of_o the_o wealth_n growth_n trade_n and_o strength_n of_o the_o nation_n at_o all_o time_n all_o which_o reason_n do_v make_v not_o for_o particular_a compounding_n with_o family_n nor_o for_o let_v the_o whole_a to_o farm_n but_o for_o collect_v it_o by_o special_a officer_n who_o have_v a_o full_a employment_n will_v not_o be_v a_o four_o of_o the_o charge_n of_o our_o present_n many_o multiform_a levy_n for_o to_o put_v extraordinary_a trouble_n and_o hazard_v upon_o the_o country_n officer_n be_v a_o sore_a tax_v of_o they_o then_o to_o make_v they_o pay_v a_o small_a reward_n unto_o practise_a person_n to_o be_v their_o substitute_n all_o which_o be_v the_o common_a objection_n against_o excize_n 13._o i_o shall_v here_o add_v the_o manner_n of_o collect_v it_o but_o i_o refer_v this_o to_o the_o practice_n of_o holland_n and_o i_o may_v also_o offer_v how_o man_n may_v be_v frame_v to_o be_v fit_a for_o this_o and_o other_o public_a trust_n as_o to_o be_v cashier_v store-keeper_n collector_n etc._n etc._n but_o i_o refer_v this_o enquiry_n unto_o a_o more_o ample_a and_o fit_a occasion_n finis_fw-la