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also_o the_o imperial_a law_n which_o usual_o take_v place_n in_o all_o controversy_n about_o the_o aforesaid_a particular_n of_o the_o intervenient_a law_n so_o far_o as_o it_o agree'_v with_o the_o universal_a law_n of_o nation_n natural_a or_o divine_a be_v to_o be_v comprise_v under_o the_o same_o notion_n but_o as_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o some_o certain_a nation_n with_o who_o it_o be_v in_o use_n divers_a principal_a head_n and_o determination_n of_o it_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o universal_a law_n be_v so_o make_v use_n of_o it_o most_o clear_o fall_v under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o intervenient_a law_n of_o some_o nation_n last_o as_o it_o be_v receive_v and_o use_v at_o home_n by_o some_o particular_a people_n in_o their_o court_n of_o judicature_n it_o be_v to_o be_v call_v the_o law_n civil_a or_o domestic_a of_o divers_a nation_n and_o thus_o have_v give_v you_o a_o plain_a scheme_n of_o the_o law_n in_o all_o those_o various_a notion_n
patria_fw-la â—ospitio_fw-la prohibemur_fw-la arenae_n what_o barbarous_a land_n this_o custom_n own_v his_o what_o sort_n of_o man_n be_v these_o we_o be_v forbid_v their_o port._n now_o if_o such_o a_o propriety_n or_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v admit_v that_o man_n may_v be_v forbid_v the_o liberty_n of_o navigation_n and_o port_n at_o the_o will_n of_o any_o proprietor_n then_o say_v they_o it_o will_v be_v a_o infringement_n of_o that_o law_n of_o commerce_n and_o travel_n by_o they_o style_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o they_o will_v not_o have_v to_o be_v endure_v touch_v the_o second_o sort_n of_o objection_n draw_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o sea_n itself_o it_o be_v common_o allege_v that_o the_o sea_n be_v alter_v and_o shift_v every_o moment_n and_o the_o state_n of_o it_o through_o a_o continue_a succession_n of_o new_a water_n always_o so_o uncertain_a and_o remain_n so_o little_a the_o same_o in_o all_o thing_n the_o channel_n only_o except_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a it_o shall_v ever_o be_v retain_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o any_o one_o particular_a moreover_o they_o say_v the_o nature_n of_o possession_n consist'_v chief_o in_o a_o separation_n or_o distinction_n of_o limit_n and_o bound_n but_o no_o such_o material_n or_o instrument_n can_v possible_o be_v find_v in_o the_o sea_n as_o that_o the_o law_n for_o regulation_n of_o bound_n which_o have_v a_o principal_a place_n in_o all_o controversy_n about_o dominion_n or_o ownership_n may_v be_v ground_v thereupon_o they_o produce_v also_o a_o say_n out_o of_o 10._o s_o t_o ambrose_n speak_v about_o the_o lurking-hole_n or_o hold_v of_o fish_n geometram_fw-la audivimus_fw-la thalassometram_fw-la nunquam_fw-la audivimus_fw-la &_o tamen_fw-la pisces_fw-la mensâ—ras_fw-la svas_fw-la nôrunt_fw-la i_o have_v hear_v of_o a_o geometrician_n or_o one_o that_o can_v measure_v land_n but_o never_o of_o a_o thalassometrician_n one_o that_o can_v measure_v or_o lay_v out_o bound_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o yet_o the_o fish_n know_v their_o own_o bound_n they_o be_v please_v likewise_o to_o insinuate_v what_o a_o world_n of_o sea_n room_n there_o be_v that_o all_o nation_n may_v have_v sufficient_a for_o water_v fish_v and_o navigation_n and_o therefore_o that_o the_o peculiar_a dominion_n thereof_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o be_v appropriate_v unto_o any_o a_o three_o sort_n of_o argument_n lie_v in_o those_o testimony_n that_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o ancient_a writer_n partly_o out_o of_o old_a poet_n divine_n and_o other_o write_v of_o other_o subject_n partly_o from_o such_o lawyer_n as_o handle_v the_o matter_n purposely_o of_o the_o first_o kind_n be_v that_o of_o gripus_n the_o fisherman_n and_o trachalio_n the_o slave_n as_o they_o be_v bring_v upon_o the_o stage_n by_o plautus_n quarrel_v about_o a_o bag_n that_o be_v find_v in_o the_o sea_n 4._o gr._n mare_fw-la quidem_fw-la common_a certò_fw-la est_fw-la omnibus_fw-la tr._n assentio_fw-la quî_fw-la minùs_fw-la hunc_fw-la communem_fw-la quaeso_fw-la mihi_fw-la oportet_fw-la esse_fw-la vidulum_fw-la in_o mari_n inventum_fw-la est_fw-la commune_fw-la est_fw-la gr._n the_o sea_n be_v common_a certain_o to_o all_o tr._n true_a why_o not_o this_o bag_n to_o i_o then_o too_o thou_o brawâ—_n it_o be_v find_v within_o the_o sea_n therefore_o common_a it_o must_v be_v they_o produce_v likewise_o a_o piece_n of_o a_o supplicatorie_a speech_n of_o latona_n to_o a_o rustic_a rout_n in_o lycia_n as_o it_o in_o ovid_n 〈…〉_o quid_fw-la prohibetis_fw-la aquas_fw-la usus_fw-la communis_fw-la aquarum_fw-la est_fw-la nec_fw-la solemn_a proprium_fw-la natura_fw-la nec_fw-la aëra_fw-la fecit_fw-la nec_fw-la tenues_fw-la undas_fw-la in_o publica_fw-la munera_fw-la veni_fw-la why_o hinder_v you_o say_v she_o the_o use_n of_o water_n that_o to_o all_o be_v free_a the_o sun_n aër_fw-la water_n nature_n do_v not_o frame_v peculiar_a a_o public_a gift_n i_o claim_v and_o that_o of_o virgil_n too_o 〈…〉_o littúsque_fw-la rogamus_fw-la innocuum_fw-la &_o cunctis_fw-la undâ—mque_fw-la aurâ—mque_fw-la patentem_fw-la nothing_o but_o what_o be_v common_a we_o implore_v free_a aèr_n and_o water_n and_o a_o harmless_a shore_n phaenicides_n say_v also_o in_o athenaeus_n 〈…〉_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o the_o sea_n be_v common_a to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v that_o memorable_a say_n of_o certain_a jewish_a rabbin_n who_o when_o they_o acknowledge_v alexander_n to_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n do_v it_o nevertheless_o with_o this_o caution_n that_o they_o conceive_v he_o have_v by_o his_o conquest_n gain_v a_o sovereignty_n only_o over_o the_o earth_n or_o dry_a land_n but_o none_o at_o all_o over_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v subject_n only_o to_o god_n himself_o as_o its_o sole_a commander_n the_o word_n be_v these_o out_o of_o the_o hebrew_n 3._o non_fw-la dominabatur_fw-la in_o mari_n sed_fw-la deus_fw-la o._n m._n dominatur_fw-la tà m_fw-la in_o mari_n quà m_fw-la in_o tellure_n he_o rule_v not_o over_o the_o sea_n but_o god_n almighty_a be_v he_o only_o that_o rule_n be_v by_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o by_o land_n the_o second_o kind_n of_o argument_n here_o find_v among_o the_o lawyer_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n naturali_fw-la jure_fw-la omnium_fw-la communia_fw-la sunt_fw-la illa_fw-la aër_fw-la aqua_fw-la profluens_fw-la &_o mare_n &_o per_fw-la hoc_fw-la littora_fw-la maris_fw-la item_n nemo_fw-la ad_fw-la littus_fw-la maris_fw-la accedere_fw-la probibetur_fw-la piscandi_fw-la caussâ_fw-la dum_fw-la tamen_fw-la villis_fw-la &_o aedificiis_fw-la &_o monimentis_fw-la abstineatur_fw-la quia_fw-la non_fw-la juris_fw-la gentium_fw-la sicut_fw-la &_o mare_fw-la idque_fw-la divus_o pius_fw-la piscatoribus_fw-la formianis_fw-la &_o capenatis_fw-la rescripsit_fw-la by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o aër_fw-la rivers_n the_o sea_n and_o its_o shore_n be_v common_a to_o all_o also_o none_o be_v prohibit_v to_o use_v fish_v upon_o the_o shore_n as_o long_o as_o they_o meddle_v not_o with_o lowns_z building_n and_o monument_n in_o regard_n these_o be_v not_o common_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n as_o be_v the_o sea_n and_o this_o be_v prescribe_v by_o the_o emperor_n antonius_n pius_n to_o the_o fisher_n man_n of_o formiae_n and_o capena_n which_o be_v the_o very_a word_n use_v by_o divisione_n marcianus_n the_o lawyer_n and_o by_o quidem_fw-la justiâ—â—ion_n in_o his_o institution_n and_o ulpian_n praediorum_fw-la mari_n quod_fw-la naturâ_fw-la omnibus_fw-la patet_fw-la servitus_fw-la imponi_fw-la privatâ_fw-la lege_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la the_o sea_n be_v by_o nature_n free_a for_o all_o can_v be_v vassalise_v by_o any_o particular_a law_n and_o in_o another_o place_n say_v he_o infecto_fw-la mare_n common_a omnium_fw-la est_fw-la &_o litora_fw-la sicut_fw-la aër_fw-la et_fw-la est_fw-la saepissime_fw-la rescriptum_fw-la non_fw-la posse_fw-la quem_fw-la piscari_fw-la prohiberi_fw-la the_o sea_n and_o shores_n be_v common_a to_o all_o as_o the_o aër_fw-la and_o we_o find_v it_o very_o often_o prescribe_v or_o command_v by_o the_o emperor_n that_o none_o be_v prohibit_v from_o fish_v with_o which_o agree'_v also_o that_o say_n of_o 1._o celsus_n maris_fw-la esse_fw-la usum_fw-la communem_fw-la omnibus_fw-la hominibus_fw-la ut_fw-la aëris_fw-la a_o freedom_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o of_o the_o aër_fw-la be_v common_a to_o all_o man_n in_o like_a manner_n some_o will_v have_v it_o that_o the_o roman_a emperor_n himself_o be_v lord_n only_o of_o the_o land_n and_o not_o of_o the_o sea_n for_o proof_n whereof_o they_o mention_v a_o answer_n give_v by_o the_o emperor_n antoninus_n rhodiam_fw-la se_fw-la quidem_fw-la mundi_fw-la dominum_fw-la esse_fw-la legem_fw-la autem_fw-la maris_fw-la that_o himself_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o world_n but_o the_o law_n of_o the_o sea_n pretend_v this_o answer_n of_o he_o to_o be_v common_o understand_v as_o if_o he_o refuse_v to_o arrogate_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n unto_o himself_o and_o in_o the_o 13._o basilica_n or_o law_n of_o the_o eastern_a empire_n we_o find_v it_o thus_o write_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o shore_n be_v within_o the_o power_n of_o all_o man_n so_o also_o say_v michaël_n attaliates_n a_o man_n learn_v in_o the_o law_n of_o that_o empire_n 2._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d some_o thing_n be_v common_a to_o all_o as_o aër_fw-la fountain_n the_o sea_n shores_n and_o river_n and_o the_o sum_n be_v that_o some_o ancient_a lawyer_n of_o both_o empire_n write_v that_o the_o sea_n be_v common_a to_o all_o man_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n which_o if_o it_o be_v true_o prove_v either_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o sea_n itself_o or_o from_o either_o of_o those_o law_n than_o it_o can_v not_o possible_o be_v admit_v that_o the_o sea_n may_v become_v the_o peculiar_a possession_n of_o any_o one_o unless_o a_o change_n be_v make_v of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v common_o say_v to_o be_v altogether_o unchangeable_a or_o that_o the_o consent_n of_o nation_n that_o have_v interest_n herein_o be_v obtain_v to_o admit_v of_o such_o a_o dominion_n or_o ownership_n and_o
the_o word_n appear_v sufficient_o ridiculous_a while_o they_o derive_v a_o syrian_a or_o phenician_a name_n from_o the_o greek_a fountain_n but_o the_o very_a thing_n which_o i_o suppose_v they_o will_v have_v be_v this_o that_o atergatis_n be_v queen_n or_o sovereign_a lady_n not_o only_o of_o syria_n or_o phenicia_n which_o be_v the_o sea-cost_n of_o syria_n but_o also_o of_o the_o sea_n lie_v before_o it_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o any_o one_o to_o fish_v free_o therein_o at_o least_o not_o to_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o fish_v without_o her_o consent_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n to_o consecrated_a fish_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n to_o she_o after_o she_o be_v place_v among_o â—he_n deity_n ix_o ninthly_o after_o the_o phoenicians_n the_o egyptians_n 1230._o possess_v the_o sea_n under_o their_o king_n psamnitis_n and_o bocchoris_n who_o live_v immediate_o before_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o olympiad_n mention_n be_v make_v of_o they_o also_o in_o marianus_n and_o florentius_n x._o in_o the_o ten_o place_n the_o milesian_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o book_n of_o eusebius_n do_v not_o show_v the_o number_n of_o year_n but_o both_o in_o marianus_n and_o florentius_n we_o read_v that_o the_o milesian_n possess_v the_o sea_n xviii_o year_n stephanus_n concern_v city_n say_v naucratis_n a_o city_n of_o egypt_n be_v build_v 〈◊〉_d by_o the_o milesian_n then_o possess_v the_o sea_n and_o eusebius_n also_o mention_n the_o build_n of_o that_o city_n together_o with_o their_o dominion_n at_o sea_n about_o the_o time_n of_o romulus_n in_o like_a manner_n they_o build_v sinope_n seat_v by_o the_o euxine_a sea_n which_o as_o strabo_n say_v 12._o command_v that_o sea_n which_o flow'_v within_o the_o cyanean_a island_n xi_o eleventhly_o the_o 1281._o carian_o possess_v the_o sea_n their_o sea_n dominion_n be_v remember_v by_o 5._o diodorus_n siculus_n it_o be_v about_o the_o time_n of_o hezekiah_n xii_o twelfthly_o and_o next_o to_o the_o carian_o the_o lesbian_o hold_v the_o sea_n in_o possession_n 1341._o lxix_o year_n so_o it_o be_v in_o the_o latin_a of_o eusebius_n but_o marianus_n render_v it_o lviii_o year_n xiii_o thirtenth_o the_o phocean_n possess_v the_o sea_n about_o the_o captivity_n of_o babylon_n their_o dominion_n last_v xliv_o year_n so_o say_v the_o greek_a of_o eusebius_n 42._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o phocean_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n xliv_o year_n before_o which_o word_n the_o number_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o of_o twelve_o be_v prefix_v whereby_o it_o be_v signify_v that_o they_o be_v the_o twelve_o after_o the_o lydian_n and_o the_o thirteen_o from_o minos_n fourteen_o fourteenthly_o the_o corinthian_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o they_o be_v thus_o rank_v but_o it_o appear_v clear_o out_o of_o 1._o thucydides_n that_o they_o be_v very_o potent_a be_v sea_n and_o do_v so_o repress_v piracy_n by_o their_o strength_n in_o ship_v that_o they_o gain_v themselves_o a_o very_a large_a command_n by_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o by_o land_n the_o same_o author_n also_o mention's_n their_o extraordinary_a industry_n in_o restore_v the_o affair_n of_o navigation_n nor_o do_v time_n gainsay_v but_o that_o we_o may_v well_o place_v they_o here_o as_o also_o the_o iönians_n next_o but_o we_o do_v not_o as_o yet_o find_v that_o these_o fourteen_o and_o the_o fifteen_o be_v receive_v by_o writer_n into_o the_o catalogue_n of_o those_o who_o have_v thus_o hold_v the_o sea_n in_o possession_n xv._o fifteenth_o the_o iönians_n be_v neighbour_a lord_n of_o the_o sea_n concern_v they_o thucydides_n say_v citato_fw-la a_o good_a while_n after_o to_o wit_n after_o the_o power_n of_o the_o corinthian_n by_o sea_n the_o power_n and_o interest_n of_o navigation_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o iönians_n in_o the_o time_n of_o cyrus_n the_o first_o king_n of_o the_o persian_n and_o of_o his_o son_n cambyses_n and_o 〈◊〉_d contend_v also_o with_o cyrus_n they_o enjoy_v their_o own_o sea_n for_o some_o time_n where_o the_o old_a scholiast_n add'_v by_o way_n of_o observation_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o neighbour_a sea_n but_o not_o all_o xvi_o sixteenth_o the_o naxian_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n eusebius_n say_v 43._o in_o the_o fifteen_o place_n the_o naxian_o possess_v the_o sea_n ten_o year_n about_o the_o time_n of_o cambyses_n it_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o naxian_o name_v from_o the_o island_n naxos_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o cyclades_n or_o isle_n in_o the_o archipelago_n xvii_o seventeenth_o the_o eretrian_o succeed_v into_o this_o sea-dominion_n eusebius_n when_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o naxian_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n and_o after_o they_o the_o eretrian_o in_o the_o seventeen_o place_n hold_v it_o vii_o year_n eretria_n be_v heretofore_o a_o famous_a and_o wealthy_a city_n in_o the_o island_n of_o euboea_n xviii_o and_o last_o the_o last_o or_o eighteen_o lord_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o this_o catalogue_n be_v the_o people_n of_o aegina_n the_o latin_a of_o eusebius_n say_v 1058._o the_o people_n of_o aegina_n possess_v the_o sea_n xx_o year_n even_o until_o xerxes_n his_o passage_n which_o be_v note_v in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o the_o sixty_o seven_o olympiad_n but_o xerxes_n make_v his_o passage_n in_o the_o seventy_o five_o olympiad_n and_o in_o first_o year_n thereof_o therefore_o there_o pass_v xxviii_o year_n between_o but_o true_o joseph_n scaliger_n observe'_v here_o from_o this_o carelessness_n in_o count_v of_o year_n that_o those_o be_v mere_a trifling_n which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o latin_a and_o he_o say_v they_o be_v be_v discover_v by_o the_o greek_a wherein_o we_o read_v only_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o people_n of_o aegina_n hold_v possession_n of_o the_o sea_n x_o year_n which_o true_o we_o find_v as_o well_o in_o the_o former_a chronicle_n of_o eusebius_n as_o in_o his_o canon_n nor_o be_v it_o otherwise_o place_v then_o in_o the_o latin_a also_o 8._o strabo_n and_o 12._o aelianus_n make_v mention_n of_o their_o sea-dominion_n touch_v the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o athenian_n moreover_o also_o that_o it_o be_v acknowledge_v not_o only_o by_o the_o greek_n but_o also_o by_o the_o persian_n in_o a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n chap._n xi_o nor_o be_v those_o particular_n which_o be_v to_o be_v apply_v hither_o out_o of_o the_o east_n find_v only_o in_o the_o custom_n and_o sea-dominion_n of_o so_o many_o famous_a nation_n thus_o continue_v one_o after_o another_o the_o year_n of_o who_o empire_n have_v usual_o be_v reckon_v from_o their_o subdue_a the_o sea_n but_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o other_o also_o who_o true_o be_v more_o famous_a though_o they_o be_v not_o register_v any_o where_o in_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o catalogue_n it_o be_v write_v of_o polycrates_n that_o renown_a king_n of_o the_o samian_o who_o about_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o persian_a empire_n vanquish_v the_o lesbian_o and_o mâ—lesians_n in_o a_o sea_n fight_v that_o he_o so_o earnest_o aspire_v after_o a_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o it_o be_v manifest_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v capable_a of_o dominion_n herodotuâ—_n say_v polycrates_n be_v the_o first_o of_o those_o that_o we_o have_v know_v who_o have_v a_o intent_n to_o acquire_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n unto_o himself_o except_o minos_n of_o crete_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o other_o that_o enjoy_v the_o sea_n before_o he_o he_o speak_v i_o suppose_v of_o king_n for_o those_o greek_n in_o who_o hand_n the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v as_o we_o before_o have_v show_v you_o so_o often_o change_v be_v common_o govern_v either_o by_o a_o popular_a or_o a_o aristocratical_a form_n of_o government_n nor_o can_v herodotus_n i_o think_v be_v more_o ignorant_a of_o their_o dominion_n then_o of_o king_n minos_n for_o he_o live_v after_o the_o forementioned_a dominion_n of_o the_o people_n of_o aegina_n be_v end_v or_o about_o the_o eighti_v olympiad_n therefore_o either_o he_o speak_v only_o of_o king_n or_o be_v extreme_o mistake_v about_o the_o eighti_v olympiad_n and_o the_o time_n follow_v unto_o the_o grecian_a monarchy_n those_o most_o renown_a people_n of_o greece_n not_o only_o the_o athenian_n but_o the_o lacedaemonian_n also_o do_v sometime_o enjoy_v a_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n flow_v about_o they_o demosthenes_n say_v of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n 14._o they_o have_v dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o whole_a land_n other_o also_o have_v testify_v as_o much_o concern_v the_o athenian_n either_o the_o same_o man_n or_o hegisippus_n in_o that_o oration_n touch_v levant_n halonesos_n make_v mention_n of_o philip_n k._n of_o macedon_n affect_v a_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n speak_v thus_o de_fw-fr praedonibus_fw-la aequum_fw-la esse_fw-la aït_fw-la philippus_n
&_o c_o concern_v pirate_n philip_n say_v it_o be_v meet_v that_o both_o he_o and_o you_o shall_v by_o common_a consent_n drive_v away_o such_o as_o offend_v upon_o the_o sea_n require_v no_o other_o thing_n than_o this_o that_o he_o may_v be_v put_v in_o command_n over_o the_o sea_n by_o you_o and_o that_o you_o will_v confess_v your_o selus_fw-la unable_a to_o defend_v and_o guard_v the_o sea_n which_o hitherto_o have_v be_v you_o without_o the_o help_n of_o philip._n they_o do_v also_o by_o league_n impose_v a_o certain_a size_n and_o proportion_n upon_o all_o sort_n of_o bottom_n both_o for_o quality_n and_o quantity_n which_o their_o neighbour_n shall_v have_v leave_v to_o use_v it_o be_v a_o article_n of_o the_o treaty_n make_v with_o the_o lacedaemonian_n 4._o that_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o their_o confederates_n may_v indeed_o use_v the_o sea_n but_o not_o sail_v in_o a_o long_a ship_n but_o any_o other_o kind_n of_o vessel_n which_o be_v row_v with_o oar_n shall_v not_o exceed_v the_o freight_n of_o five_o hundred_o talent_n that_o be_v to_o say_v not_o in_o a_o vessel_n with_o one_o range_n of_o oar_n much_o less_o in_o one_o of_o two_o or_o three_o range_n or_o other_o that_o be_v man_n of_o war_n but_o in_o vessel_n to_o be_v row_v nevertheless_o with_o certain_a pair_n of_o oar_n be_v vessel_n only_o for_o carriage_n and_o those_o small_a enough_o other_o passage_n of_o this_o kind_n there_o be_v in_o thucydides_n hereunto_o belong_v that_o of_o aemilius_n probus_n touch_v timotheus_n a_o famous_a captain_n of_o the_o athenian_n he_o bring_v corcyra_n say_v he_o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o athenian_n and_o make_v the_o people_n of_o epirus_n the_o athamanian_o chaonian_o and_o all_o those_o nation_n which_o border_n upon_o that_o sea_n to_o be_v their_o confederate_n whereupon_o the_o lacedaemonian_n desist_v from_o long_a contention_n and_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n yield_v a_o pre-eminence_n of_o sea_n dominion_n to_o the_o athenian_n and_o settle_a peace_n upon_o this_o condition_n that_o the_o athenian_n shall_v be_v chief_a commander_n at_o sea_n which_o victory_n be_v receive_v with_o so_o much_o joy_n among_o the_o athenian_n that_o altar_n be_v then_o erect_v unto_o peace_n and_o a_o temple_n appoint_v for_o that_o goddess_n and_o demosthenes_n concern_v leptinem_fw-la archebius_n and_o heraclide_n who_o when_o they_o have_v deliver_v byzantium_n to_o thrasybulus_n they_o make_v you_o say_v he_o speak_v to_o the_o man_n of_o athens_n lord_n of_o the_o sea_n so_o that_o you_o may_v sell_v the_o ten_o to_o wit_n the_o custom_n of_o the_o merchandise_n of_o such_o merchant_n as_o shall_v trade_v in_o the_o hellespont_n which_o be_v note_v there_o by_o ulpianus_n the_o rhetorician_n from_o hence_o also_o cicero_n will_v have_v that_o barbarous_a decree_n of_o this_o nation_n to_o have_v have_v its_o rise_n concern_v the_o people_n of_o aegina_n sometime_o lord_n of_o the_o sea_n 2._o the_o athenian_n say_v he_o deal_v very_o cruel_o who_o pass_v a_o decree_n that_o the_o aeginetans_n who_o be_v powerful_a in_o ship_n shall_v have_v their_o thumb_n cut_v off_o to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o may_v not_o grow_v strong_a in_o ship_n hereafter_o or_o by_o force_n enter_v upon_o that_o sea_n then_o possess_v by_o the_o athenian_n for_o in_o some_o book_n we_o read_v quia_fw-la class_n valebant_fw-la because_o they_o grow_v strong_a in_o ship_n as_o it_o be_v note_v by_o carolus_n langius_n though_o it_o be_v conceive_v by_o 9_o aelian_a the_o decree_n be_v therefore_o make_v that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v able_a to_o use_v a_o spear_n and_o yet_o to_o handle_v oar_n this_o cruelty_n be_v detest_v by_o writer_n but_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o be_v deprive_v of_o a_o free_a use_n of_o the_o sea_n nor_o be_v such_o a_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n approve_v only_o among_o those_o people_n of_o greece_n but_o also_o by_o the_o persian_n who_o at_o that_o time_n rule_v the_o east_n as_o appear_v in_o that_o notable_a league_n make_v after_o the_o victory_n at_o eurymedon_n for_o true_o cimon_n captain_n of_o the_o athenian_n have_v vanquish_v the_o naval_a force_n of_o artaxerxes_n longimanus_fw-la king_n of_o the_o persian_n which_o have_v infest_a the_o sea_n about_o the_o chelidonian_a island_n the_o king_n courage_n be_v so_o break_v that_o as_o vitâ_fw-la plutarch_n say_v and_o panathenaâ—câ_fw-la aristides_n almost_o the_o same_o he_o conclude_v that_o notable_a peace_n upon_o such_o term_n that_o he_o be_v to_o keep_v the_o distance_n of_o a_o hors-race_n from_o the_o greek_a sea_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o have_v a_o ship_n build_v long_o or_o beak_v within_o the_o cyanean_a and_o chelidonian_a island_n so_o that_o the_o king_n be_v to_o keep_v out_o of_o every_o part_n of_o the_o aegean_a rhodian_a carpathian_n and_o lydian_a sea_n and_o that_o which_o bend'_v thence_o into_o the_o west_n towards_o athens_n because_o the_o athenian_n be_v clear_o lord_n thereof_o for_o the_o greek_a which_o of_o old_a be_v call_v the_o carick_a 1._o sea_n spread_v its_o self_n to_o a_o very_a great_a latitude_n from_o caria_n or_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o western_a part_n of_o asia_n moreover_o subjection_n be_v impose_v upon_o the_o sea_n of_o pamphylia_n and_o lycia_n as_o also_o the_o euxin_n sea_n that_o no_o ship_n of_o the_o king_n be_v which_v shall_v be_v long-built_a or_o beak_v that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o man_n of_o war_n can_v according_o to_o the_o league_n be_v admit_v either_o in_o this_o beyond_o the_o cyanean_a or_o in_o that_o beyond_o the_o chelidonian_a island_n this_o certain_o be_v the_o very_a meaning_n of_o panathenaïco_n isocrates_n when_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o athenian_a dominion_n he_o say_v it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o sail_v in_o long_a ship_n or_o galley_n beyond_o phaselis_n for_o phaselis_n a_o town_n either_o of_o lycia_n or_o pamphylia_n be_v situate_a in_o the_o same_o direct_a line_n with_o the_o chelidonian_a island_n but_o suidas_n tell_v we_o we_o that_o castor_n rhodius_n a_o ancient_a writer_n have_v compile_v a_o history_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o such_o as_o have_v enjoy_v a_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n alii_fw-la learned_a man_n be_v upon_o very_o good_a ground_n of_o opinion_n that_o those_o lord_n of_o the_o sea_n reckon_v up_o in_o the_o former_a chapter_n be_v take_v by_o julius_n africanus_n and_o eusebius_n out_o of_o that_o author_n it_o be_v almost_o out_o of_o question_n too_o that_o he_o add_v the_o sovereignty_n both_o of_o the_o athenian_n and_o lacedaemonian_n by_o sea_n castor_n live_v about_o the_o time_n of_o augustus_n caesar._n that_o work_n of_o he_o be_v utter_o lose_v other_o testimony_n which_o be_v find_v scatter_v up_o and_o down_o touch_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o eastern_a nation_n chap._n xii_o moreover_o very_o many_o thing_n be_v find_v scatter_v up_o and_o down_o in_o those_o write_n that_o concern_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o eastern_a nation_n which_o clear_o prove_v it_o to_o have_v be_v a_o most_o receive_a opinion_n touch_v private_a dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n antiochus_n epiphanes_n king_n of_o syria_n say_v speak_v of_o the_o syrian_a sea_n sol_fw-la be_v not_o both_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o land_n i_o and_o xerxes_n that_o persian_a king_n when_o in_o a_o ridiculous_a humour_n he_o scourge_v the_o hellespont_n stigmatise_v it_o and_o cast_v a_o pair_n of_o fetter_n into_o the_o water_n say_v â—_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d thy_o lord_n inflict'_v this_o punishment_n upon_o thou_o also_o whereas_o agatharcides_n follow_v the_o story_n of_o boxus_fw-la the_o persian_a write_v that_o the_o red_a or_o erythraean_a sea_n be_v so_o call_v from_o king_n erythras_n or_o erythrus_n that_o be_v from_o edom_n border_v thereupon_o who_o also_o be_v 20._o esau_n and_o signify_v the_o same_o that_o erythrus_n or_o rubrus_fw-la do_v in_o hebrew_n he_o add'_v also_o this_o exposition_n do_v imply_v 250._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o man_n enjoy_v the_o dominion_n of_o that_o sea_n and_o true_o we_o read_v in_o 11._o philostratus_n that_o there_o be_v a_o old_a contract_n touch_v the_o red-sea_n which_o king_n erythras_n have_v contract_v when_o he_o have_v dominion_n over_o that_o sea_n that_o no_o egyptian_a ought_v to_o enter_v that_o sea_n in_o a_o long_a ship_n but_o to_o employ_v there_o only_o one_o of_o burden_n and_o 4._o quintus_fw-la curtius_n say_v of_o the_o city_n of_o tyre_n that_o be_v build_v by_o agenor_n she_o make_v not_o only_o the_o neighbour_a sea_n but_o what_o sea_n soëver_v she_o ship_n sail_v into_o to_o be_v of_o her_o dominion_n from_o whence_o also_o tyria_n maria_n tyrian_n sea_n become_v a_o maria._n proverb_n to_o signify_v a_o sea_n so_o possess_v that_o free_a passage_n can_v not_o be_v
venice_n and_o there_o pay_v custom_n and_o say_v 10._o bartholomeus_n cepola_n the_o venetian_n within_o their_o dominion_n have_v several_a royalty_n and_o right_n belong_v to_o their_o exchequer_n and_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la at_o least_o acknowledge_v no_o superior_a so_o that_o they_o have_v power_n to_o impose_v gabel_n to_o confiscate_v good_n and_o commodity_n in_o the_o aforesaid_a sea_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o city_n of_o venice_n have_v as_o full_a jurisdiction_n in_o the_o sea_n as_o in_o the_o city_n antonius_n peregrinus_n also_o who_o be_v advocate_n of_o the_o exchequer_n at_o milan_n after_o a_o large_a discourse_n upon_o this_o subject_n 18._o the_o conclusion_n say_v he_o be_v this_o that_o the_o right_n of_o fish_v in_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n be_v one_o of_o the_o royalty_n belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o venice_n and_o therefore_o he_o have_v power_n to_o forbid_v permit_v and_o charge_v gabel_n upon_o it_o julius_n pacius_n marta_n and_o other_o both_o modern_a and_o ancient_a treat_v at_o large_a of_o this_o particular_a and_o the_o reason_n of_o some_o neapolitan_n that_o be_v the_o most_o obstinate_a opposer_n of_o this_o right_n be_v only_o draw_v either_o from_o that_o seqq_fw-la opinion_n for_o so_o many_o age_n since_o explode_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o nation_n that_o the_o sea_n be_v natural_o common_a to_o all_o or_o from_o that_o chimaera_n of_o the_o universal_a dominion_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n whereas_o 25._o marta_n himself_o who_o be_v a_o lawyer_n of_o naples_n write_v thus_o the_o venetian_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n the_o extent_n whereof_o be_v 80_o mile_n reach_v from_o that_o place_n heretofore_o call_v aquae_n graduatae_n unto_o the_o town_n of_o loreto_n seat_v now_o near_o the_o river_n po._n and_o francisco_n di_fw-mi capoblanco_n a_o neopolitan_a also_o 27._o confess_v that_o now_o the_o river_n and_o sea_n be_v pass_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o lord_n and_o patron_n and_o in_o a_o letter_n of_o 871._o lewis_n the_o 2_o do_v to_o basilius_n emperor_n of_o the_o east_n nicetas_n patricius_n be_v mention_v under_o this_o title_n the_o protector_n of_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n and_o the_o gulf_n say_v 25._o cardinalis_fw-la tuschus_fw-la do_v proper_o belong_v to_o the_o venetian_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o long_a prescription_n of_o possession_n as_o it_o have_v be_v declare_v in_o a_o agreement_n make_v between_o the_o state_n of_o venice_n and_o genoa_n for_o confirmation_n whereof_o he_o cite'_v angelus_n and_o jason_n but_o the_o first_o time_n they_o say_v wherein_o custom_n be_v charge_v upon_o those_o that_o pass_v through_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n be_v the_o year_n 1263_o when_o lorenzo_n tepulo_fw-la be_v duk_n of_o venice_n the_o republic_n of_o genoa_n be_v distress_v with_o war_n and_o famine_n and_o their_o neighbour_n not_o relieve_v they_o with_o provision_n this_o tepulo_fw-la say_v 8._o flavius_n blondus_fw-la begin_v to_o impose_v a_o new_a custom_n or_o to_o speak_v more_o plain_o lie_v a_o restraint_n upon_o those_o that_o sade_v through_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n for_o upon_o that_o occision_n a_o law_n be_v make_v which_o remain's_n in_o force_n to_o this_o very_a dâ—ie_n that_o all_o who_o sail_v between_o the_o gulf_n de_fw-fr quevera_n and_o the_o pola_n promontory_n of_o sola_n and_o coast_n of_o ravenna_n shall_v come_v into_o venice_n to_o pay_v custom_n and_o if_o the_o officer_n think_v fit_a to_o unlade_v their_o merchandise_n and_o good_n and_o a_o officer_n be_v ordain_v for_o that_o purpose_n to_o scout_v day_n and_o night_n with_o his_o bark_n about_o the_o coast_n and_o harbour_n of_o shore_n to_o see_v to_o the_o observation_n of_o this_o statute_n but_o above_o all_o we_o must_v not_o pass_v by_o that_o controversy_n which_o happen_v about_o this_o time_n between_o the_o people_n of_o ancona_n and_o the_o venetian_n in_o a_o general_a council_n at_o lion_n the_o anconitan_n complain_v that_o the_o venetian_n have_v usurp_v the_o sea_n and_o custom_n and_o other_o thing_n against_o all_o right_a pope_n gregory_n the_o ten_o refer_v the_o matter_n to_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o abbot_n of_o nervosia_n he_o reject_v the_o allegation_n of_o the_o anconitan_n as_o weak_a and_o want_a proof_n and_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o pope_n say_v the_o aforenamed_a blondus_n commend_v to_o the_o venetian_n the_o care_n of_o defend_v the_o aforesaid_a coast_n of_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n against_o the_o saracen_n and_o pirate_n allow_v they_o withal_o the_o right_n of_o their_o custom_n and_o impost_n whereat_o the_o ambassador_n which_o be_v then_o present_a do_v not_o interpose_v a_o word_n but_o the_o debate_n be_v thus_o determine_v with_o the_o approbation_n of_o all_o except_z the_o complainants_n but_o the_o dominion_n of_o venice_n over_o that_o sea_n be_v of_o far_o great_a antiquity_n to_o signify_v which_o they_o have_v a_o annual_a ceremony_n institute_v they_o say_v by_o pope_n 18._o alexander_n the_o three_o i_o mean_v the_o use_n of_o the_o ring_n which_o every_o year_n upon_o ascension_n day_n the_o duke_n in_o a_o solemn_a manner_n row_v in_o the_o bucentoro_fw-it accompany_v with_o the_o clarissimos_fw-la of_o the_o senate_n cast_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o water_n for_o the_o perpetuate_n say_v republica_n paulus_n merula_n of_o their_o dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n signify_v by_o that_o love-token_n that_o he_o betroth_n the_o sea_n to_o himself_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o lawful_a spous_a use_v such_o a_o form_n of_o matrimony_n we_o take_v thou_o to_o our_o wed_a wife_n o_o sea_n in_o token_n of_o a_o true_a and_o perpetual_a dominion_n what_o shall_v hinder_v then_o but_o that_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o the_o venetian_n be_v look_v upon_o not_o only_o by_o themselves_o but_o by_o their_o neighbour_n prince_n as_o lord_n of_o that_o sea_n by_o as_o unquestionable_a and_o full_a a_o title_n as_o of_o their_o land_n and_o city_n there_o be_v other_o state_n also_o in_o italy_n that_o have_v maritime_a right_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n prince_n say_v 40._o benedictus_n bonius_n have_v right_a to_o lay_v imposition_n upon_o the_o sea_n shore_n forasmuch_o as_o what_o nature_n â—ad_v leave_v at_o liberty_n be_v bring_v by_o they_o into_o servitude_n and_o propriety_n as_o the_o tyrrhenian_a sea_n which_o be_v under_o the_o command_n of_o pisa_n and_o tus._n canie_n the_o adriatic_a of_o venice_n the_o ligustick_a of_o genoa_n which_o be_v affirm_v in_o like_a manner_n by_o 290._o angelus_n recitanâ—a_fw-la baldus_n 26._o cepola_n and_o other_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n also_o have_v his_o sea_n which_o be_v call_v likewise_o the_o church_n sea_n the_o bull_n entitle_v coenae_fw-la domini_fw-la which_o be_v 251._o wont_a to_o be_v publish_v every_o good_a friday_n for_o the_o excommunication_n or_o delinquent_n run_v thus_o item_n we_o excommunicate_v and_o anathematise_v all_o pirate_n rover_n and_o robber_n upon_o the_o sea_n thâ—se_a that_o haunt_n and_o infest_v our_o sea_n especial_o that_o part_n lie_v between_o the_o mountain_n argentaro_n and_o terracina_n and_o 1._o bartholomaeus_n ugâ—inus_n a_o famous_a lawyer_n say_v that_o this_o excommunication_n do_v involv_n pirate_n rover_n or_o robber_n upon_o the_o sea_n such_o as_o haunt_v the_o church_n sea_n especial_o that_o part_n lie_v between_o the_o mountain_n argentaro_n and_o terracina_n the_o same_o be_v call_v by_o other_o the_o pope_n sea_n and_o although_o a_o 53._o certain_a author_n will_v there_o by_o our_o sea_n have_v the_o whole_a sea_n understand_v in_o all_o part_n of_o christendom_n yet_o it_o be_v the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o the_o most_o famous_a interpreter_n of_o that_o bull_n as_o 20._o tolet_n 18._o suarez_n ugolinus_fw-la seqq_fw-la antonius_n de_fw-fr sousa_n and_o other_o that_o by_o that_o name_n be_v signify_v the_o sea_n which_o be_v part_n of_o the_o peculiar_a patrimony_n of_o the_o pope_n nay_o more_o than_o this_o some_o of_o those_o autor_n now_o mention_v will_v have_v this_o cur_n of_o excommunication_n to_o be_v incur_v not_o only_o by_o commit_v piracie_n but_o by_o a_o harmless_a passage_n of_o pirate_n through_o this_o sea_n it_o be_v all_o one_o as_o if_o a_o profanation_n or_o injury_n be_v commit_v upon_o churchland_n so_o that_o such_o a_o dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n be_v plain_o avouch_v by_o the_o canon_n law_n and_o it_o be_v confirm_v by_o what_o may_v be_v gather_v out_o of_o the_o gloss_n of_o that_o body_n if_o herring_n be_v take_v upon_o a_o holy_a day_n a_o convenient_a part_n of_o they_o by_o the_o canon_n law_n be_v due_a to_o the_o next_o neighbour_a church_n there_o the_o ferris_n gloss_n add'_v especial_o to_o those_o in_o who_o territory_n the_o fish_n be_v catch_v by_o a_o decree_n of_o a_o general_n council_n at_o lion_n if_o the_o pope_n die_v be_v out_o of_o the_o city_n the_o cardinal_n be_v to_o meet_v for_o the_o election_n of_o
the_o whole_a world_n be_v say_v to_o be_v possess_v at_o first_o by_o ancient_a prince_n it_o may_v even_o as_o well_o pass_v into_o the_o dominion_n or_o ownership_n of_o he_o that_o shall_v enter_v upon_o it_o first_o by_o occupation_n howsoêver_o there_o have_v be_v 52._o some_o other_o who_o by_o the_o same_o rule_n distinguish_v in_o like_a manner_n the_o inner_a and_o neighbour_a sea_n from_o the_o open_a sea_n or_o main_a ocean_n but_o it_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o be_v omit_v that_o they_o for_o who_o sake_n hugo_n grotius_n write_v that_o book_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o stateâ—_n of_o holland_n do_v not_o unwilling_o but_o rather_o as_o it_o seem_v according_a to_o their_o own_o heart_n desire_v give_v ear_n to_o the_o condemnation_n of_o that_o opinion_n especial_o because_o it_o be_v own_v by_o grotius_n concern_v a_o community_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o freedom_n of_o fish_v therein_o according_a to_o the_o law_n natural_a and_o of_o nation_n by_o the_o ambassador_n of_o james_n king_n of_o great_a britain_n in_o a_o speech_n of_o his_o deliver_v open_o in_o holland_n and_o that_o other_o be_v grave_o admonish_v from_o his_o misfortune_n not_o to_o maintain_v the_o like_a of_o which_o thing_n grotius_n himself_o bear_n witness_n 257._o i_o have_v labour_v say_v he_o as_o much_o as_o any_o to_o maintain_v the_o right_n of_o navigation_n to_o the_o indies_n and_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o clothdress_v in_o our_o country_n but_o for_o the_o freedom_n of_o fish_v at_o sea_n so_o much_o that_o carleton_n the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n ambassador_n be_v incite_v by_o my_o enemy_n to_o speak_v somewhat_o in_o public_a against_o i_o be_v at_o business_n that_o time_n in_o prison_n he_o have_v no_o â—ing_v else_o to_o say_v but_o that_o i_o have_v begin_v to_o make_v some_o discourse_n in_o defence_n of_o that_o freedom_n as_o a_o thing_n ground_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o custom_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n whereas_o notwithstanding_o nothing_o have_v be_v say_v or_o write_v by_o i_o upon_o that_o subject_n different_a from_o those_o thing_n which_o the_o state_n be_v ambassador_n have_v maintain_v in_o britain_n in_o the_o year_n mdcx_o and_o our_o ancestor_n before_o even_o for_o some_o age_n past_a and_o yet_o that_o ambassador_n say_v that_o other_o ought_v to_o be_v terrify_v by_o the_o example_n of_o my_o misfortune_n from_o defend_v that_o opinion_n it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o person_n in_o power_n usual_o take_v a_o liberty_n to_o asper_n man_n as_o they_o pleasant_a when_o they_o be_v in_o question_n but_o these_o thing_n be_v not_o speak_v so_o much_o against_o hugo_n grotius_n as_o against_o that_o natural_a right_n of_o community_n at_o sea_n injurious_o pretend_v to_o which_o many_o man_n have_v defend_v more_o express_o and_o plain_o then_o himself_o but_o none_o with_o so_o much_o learning_n and_o ingenuity_n nor_o do_v that_o speech_n of_o the_o ambassador_n for_o aught_o we_o know_v as_o thing_n than_o stand_v displea_n the_o state_n of_o holland_n but_o in_o his_o book_n 3_o de_fw-fr jure_fw-la belli_n &_o pacis_fw-la have_v indeed_o set_v down_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o original_n of_o private_a dominion_n to_o be_v upon_o this_o ground_n that_o those_o place_n which_o become_v peculiar_o assign_v be_v not_o sufficient_a for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o all_o man_n he_o conclude_n that_o the_o sea_n because_o of_o its_o bigness_n and_o inexhaustible_a abundance_n be_v sufficient_a for_o all_o can_v be_v appropriate_v to_o any_o he_o add'_v other_o thing_n also_o touch_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o sea_n not_o be_v distinguishable_a by_o bound_n of_o both_o which_o we_o have_v say_v enough_o already_o but_o at_o length_n he_o betake'_v himself_o to_o the_o receive_a custom_n of_o nation_n and_o speak_v more_o than_o once_o concern_v the_o propriety_n or_o private_a dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o of_o a_o thing_n sometime_o to_o be_v yield_v without_o controversy_n the_o land_n say_v 13._o he_o and_o river_n and_o any_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o case_n it_o come_v under_o the_o propriety_n of_o some_o nation_n aught_o to_o be_v open_a for_o such_o as_o have_v need_n of_o passage_n upon_o just_a and_o necessary_a occasion_n afterward_o also_o speak_v of_o the_o 8._o propriety_n of_o river_n after_o this_o example_n say_v he_o it_o seem_v that_o even_o the_o sea_n may_v be_v possess_v by_o he_o that_o be_v owner_n of_o the_o land_n on_o both_o side_n although_o it_o lie_v open_a either_o above_o as_o a_o creek_n or_o above_o and_o below_o too_o as_o a_o straight_a or_o narrow_a sea_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o so_o great_a a_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o land_n it_o can_v seem_v to_o be_v any_o portion_n of_o they_o and_o that_o which_o be_v lawful_a for_o one_o prince_n or_o people_n the_o same_o seem_v lawful_a also_o for_o two_o or_o three_o if_o in_o the_o like_a manner_n they_o plea_n to_o enter_v upon_o the_o sea_n flow_v between_o for_o so_o rivers_z that_o flow_v between_o two_o nation_n have_v be_v enter_v upon_o by_o both_o and_o then_o divide_v he_o allege_v other_o thing_n also_o touch_v the_o right_n of_o primarie_a occupation_n by_o sea_n but_o so_o that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n he_o conte_v himself_o within_o creek_n and_o strait_n 19_o he_o say_v that_o not_o by_o any_o natural_a right_n or_o reason_n but_o by_o custom_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o appropriate_v or_o that_o it_o can_v not_o lawful_o be_v enter_v upon_o by_o right_a of_o occupation_n and_o that_o the_o custom_n be_v change_v if_o there_o be_v any_o in_o the_o ancient_a law_n that_o may_v hinder_v a_o private_a dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o reason_n of_o community_n must_v be_v change_v also_o but_o that_o it_o have_v be_v sufficient_o change_v appear_v abundant_o if_o i_o be_v not_o deceive_v out_o of_o what_o we_o have_v hitherto_o show_v you_o yea_o the_o very_a law_n as_o well_o municipal_a civil_a as_o intervenient_a of_o most_o nation_n make_v abundant_o to_o this_o purpose_n as_o it_o have_v be_v prove_v moreover_o that_o nothing_o may_v be_v want_v to_o weigh_v down_o the_o balance_n therefore_o beside_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o civil_a lawyer_n before_o allege_v out_o of_o france_n spain_n and_o italy_n for_o a_o private_a dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n let_v this_o over_o and_o above_o be_v add_v which_o be_v take_v out_o of_o that_o sort_n of_o lawyer_n also_o discourse_v in_o general_a term_n about_o the_o sea_n i_o here_o give_v it_o you_o as_o it_o be_v compose_v by_o a_o lawyer_n none_o of_o the_o mean_a in_o the_o roman-german_a empire_n by_o name_n 97._o regenerus_fw-la sixtinus_n who_o be_v indeed_o against_o private_a dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o matter_n in_o question_n say_v he_o concern_v the_o sea_n and_o its_o shore_n be_v whether_o as_o river_n that_o be_v navigable_a and_o by_o which_o other_o be_v make_v navigable_a they_o may_v be_v reckon_v inter_v regalia_z among_o the_o prince_n royalty_n for_o whatsoëver_o be_v repute_v a_o part_n of_o those_o regalia_z or_o royalty_n be_v as_o private_a or_o peculiar_a to_o prince_n as_o that_o be_v to_o subject_n which_o be_v their_o own_o for_o which_o cause_n the_o revenue_n of_o the_o exchequer_n be_v private_a after_o the_o same_o manner_n so_o also_o whether_o the_o sea_n itself_o and_o its_o shore_n be_v comprise_v within_o those_o regalia_z cacheranus_n decis_n 155._o n._n 81._o ferrarius_fw-la montanus_n de_fw-fr feud_n lib._n 5._o c._n 7._o piscandi_fw-la reckon_n the_o regulation_n and_o the_o very_a dominion_n also_o of_o the_o sea_n among_o the_o regalia_z nor_o do_v he_o make_v any_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o sea_n and_o a_o public_a river_n mynsingerus_n also_o resp._n 1_o nu_fw-la 162._o decad._n 11._o say_v that_o the_o propriety_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v a_o part_n of_o those_o regalia_z but_o sixtinus_n himself_o discourse_v upon_o this_o matter_n just_a as_o they_o do_v that_o be_v more_o addict_v than_o they_o ought_v to_o the_o word_n of_o ulpian_n and_o number_v up_o those_o autor_n that_o be_v of_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n conclude_n thus_o but_o more_o true_a it_o be_v that_o a_o propriety_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o shore_n be_v not_o by_o the_o common_a law_n to_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o regalia_z but_o upon_o due_a consideration_n of_o all_o those_o particular_n which_o hitherto_o have_v be_v produce_v out_o of_o the_o custom_n of_o so_o many_o age_n and_o nation_n and_o as_o well_o out_o of_o the_o civil_a as_o the_o common_a or_o intervenient_a law_n of_o most_o nation_n no_o man_n i_o suppose_v will_v question_v but_o that_o there_o remain_n not_o either_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o sea_n itself_o or_o in_o the_o law_n either_o
so_o it_o can_v all_o be_v call_v the_o british_a sea_n yet_o because_o the_o nation_n of_o great_a britain_n have_v very_o large_a right_n and_o privilege_n of_o their_o own_o in_o both_o those_o sea_n even_o beyond_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o british_a name_n therefore_o it_o be_v think_v fit_a to_o touch_v a_o little_a upon_o these_o particular_n that_o the_o ancient_a britain_n do_v enjoy_v and_o possess_v the_o sea_n of_o the_o same_o name_n especial_o the_o southern_a and_o eastern_a part_n of_o it_o as_o lord_n thereof_o together_o with_o the_o island_n before_o they_o be_v bring_v under_o the_o roman_a power_n chap._n ii_o it_o be_v true_a indeed_o which_o a_o eminent_a man_n say_v 11._o that_o the_o sea_n have_v be_v enjoy_v by_o occupation_n not_o for_o this_o reason_n only_o because_o man_n have_v so_o enjoy_v the_o land_n nor_o be_v the_o act_n or_o intent_n of_o the_o mind_n sufficient_a thereto_o but_o that_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o some_o external_a act_n from_o whence_o this_o occupation_n may_v be_v understand_v therefore_o argument_n be_v not_o to_o be_v derive_v altogether_o from_o a_o bare_a occupation_n or_o dominion_n of_o country_n who_o shore_n be_v wash_v by_o the_o sea_n but_o from_o such_o a_o private_a or_o peculiar_a use_n or_o enjoiment_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o consist'_v in_o a_o set_n forth_o ship_n to_o sea_n either_o to_o defend_v or_o make_v good_a the_o dominion_n in_o prescribe_v rule_n of_o navigation_n to_o such_o as_o pass_v through_o it_o in_o receive_v such_o profit_n and_o commodity_n as_o be_v peculiar_a to_o every_o kind_n of_o sea_n dominion_n whatsoêver_o and_o which_o be_v the_o principal_a either_o in_o admit_v or_o exclude_v other_o at_o pleasure_n touch_v which_o particular_a we_o shall_v make_v diligent_a inquiry_n into_o those_o thing_n which_o concern_v the_o isle_n of_o britain_n through_o the_o age_n past_a down_o to_o the_o present_a time_n it_o be_v upon_o good_a ground_n conclude_v that_o the_o most_o ancient_a history_n whereto_o any_o credit_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v about_o the_o affair's_n of_o britain_n be_v not_o elder_a than_o the_o time_n of_o caius_n julius_n caesar_n the_o age_n before_o he_o be_v too_o obscure_v with_o fable_n but_o at_o his_o come_n we_o find_v clear_a passage_n of_o the_o britain_n ownership_n and_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n flow_v about_o they_o especial_o of_o the_o south_n and_o east_n part_n of_o it_o as_o a_o perpetual_a appendant_a of_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o island_n for_o they_o not_o only_o use_v the_o sea_n as_o their_o own_o at_o that_o time_n for_o navigation_n and_o fish_n but_o also_o permit_v none_o beside_o merchant_n to_o sail_v unto_o the_o island_n without_o their_o leave_v nor_o any_o man_n at_o all_o to_o view_v or_o sound_v the_o port_n and_o sea-coast_n and_o that_o the_o case_n stand_v certain_o thus_o it_o be_v no_o slight_a argument_n which_o we_o shall_v insert_v here_o out_o of_o caesar_n himself_o but_o allowance_n must_v be_v give_v ever_o to_o argument_n and_o conjecture_n touch_v time_n so_o long_o since_o past_a and_o go_v especial_o when_o there_o be_v a_o concurrence_n in_o the_o custom_n and_o testimony_n of_o follow_a time_n and_o as_o thing_n be_v place_v at_o too_o remote_a a_o distance_n so_o that_o they_o can_v be_v certain_o discern_v by_o the_o eye_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v more_o sure_o discover_v by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o triangle_n at_o hand_n so_o what_o uncertainty_n soêver_o may_v be_v in_o those_o proof_n that_o be_v to_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o so_o remote_a antiquity_n i_o question_v not_o but_o it_o will_v be_v make_v sufficient_o manifest_a by_o the_o continue_a and_o more_o certain_a usage_n and_o custom_n of_o late_a time_n as_o shall_v be_v abundant_o make_v evident_a in_o the_o follow_a discourse_n as_o to_o what_o concern_v the_o britain_n particular_a use_n of_o navigation_n in_o that_o ancient_a time_n without_o which_o a_o occupation_n of_o this_o 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war_n by_o sea_n according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o age_n and_o of_o the_o neighbour_a nation_n nor_o that_o they_o be_v less_o fit_a for_o long_a journey_n at_o that_o time_n see_v 16._o pliny_n write_v express_o that_o sometime_o they_o sail_v through_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o space_n of_o six_o day_n in_o like_a manner_n we_o read_v in_o the_o british_a 1._o history_n that_o about_o caesar_n time_n lud_n king_n of_o britain_n seize_v upon_o many_o island_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o a_o way_n of_o war_n which_o denote_n that_o he_o have_v a_o very_a considerable_a strength_n at_o sea_n and_o a_o well_o accomplish_a navy_n it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o there_o be_v small_a vessel_n among_o these_o as_o they_o be_v not_o where_o without_o they_o which_o doubtless_o be_v unfit_a to_o bear_v the_o brunt_n of_o a_o fight_n or_o tempest_n that_o be_v to_o say_v such_o as_o caesar_n make_v to_o transport_v his_o soldier_n over_o the_o river_n when_o he_o be_v straighten_v by_o asranius_n his_o army_n as_o he_o have_v be_v teach_v they_o be_v his_o 25._o own_o word_n some_o year_n before_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o britain_n the_o keel_n and_o rib_n be_v first_o make_v of_o slight_a matter_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o bulk_n of_o their_o vessel_n be_v wrought_v together_o with_o twig_n be_v cover_v with_o hides_n which_o we_o find_v mention_v also_o by_o lucan_n 4._o primùm_fw-la cana_fw-la salix_fw-la madâ—facto_fw-la vimine_fw-la parvam_fw-la texitur_fw-la in_o puppim_fw-la â—aesóque_fw-la inducta_fw-la juvenco_fw-la vectoris_fw-la patience_n tumidum_fw-la cireumnatat_fw-la amnem_fw-la sic_fw-la venetus_n stagnante_fw-la pado_n fusóque_fw-la britannus_n navigate_fw-la oceano_fw-la may._n of_o twig_n and_o willow_n board_n they_o make_v small_a boat_n cover_v with_o bullock_n hide_v in_o which_o they_o reach_v the_o river_n far_a side_n so_o sail_v the_o veneâ—â—_n if_o 〈◊〉_d flow_n the_o britain_n sail_n on_o their_o calm_a ocean_n so_o other_o there_o be_v also_o that_o write_v of_o these_o small_a vessel_n but_o they_o be_v not_o i_o suppose_v at_o least_o in_o that_o age_n to_o be_v call_v small_a ship_n which_o sail_v through_o the_o sea_n in_o six_o day_n space_n nor_o such_o as_o caesar_n make_v only_o to_o transport_v his_o soldier_n and_o convey_v they_o by_o cart_n above_o xxii_o mile_n according_a to_o his_o own_o relation_n it_o can_v be_v doubt_v therefore_o but_o that_o the_o britain_n have_v vessel_n make_v even_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a matter_n big_a enough_o and_o very_o fit_a for_o service_n at_o sea_n moreover_o there_o will_v be_v very_o good_a ground_n to_o conceiv_v out_o of_o what_o we_o shall_v deliver_v by_o and_o by_o about_o the_o exclude_v of_o their_o neigbor_n from_o the_o adjacent_a sea_n that_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o build_v and_o set_v forth_o ship_n of_o war_n of_o a_o far_o more_o commodious_a and_o solid_a substance_n for_o the_o guard_n of_o
such_o a_o account_n will_v have_v be_v either_o useless_a or_o too_o difficult_a for_o those_o that_o be_v not_o use_v to_o the_o sea_n yea_o without_o doubt_n it_o be_v no_o small_a cause_n of_o their_o calling_n the_o saxon_n into_o the_o island_n that_o they_o be_v most_o expert_a seaman_n may_v guard_v the_o sea_n which_o have_v be_v new_o desert_v by_o the_o roman_a navy_n lay_v open_a at_o that_o time_n to_o the_o invasion_n of_o enemy_n on_o every_o side_n thus_o much_o indeed_o seem_v to_o be_v signify_v by_o 1._o ethelwerd_n a_o ancient_a writer_n speak_v of_o their_o come_n hither_o in_o those_o day_n say_v he_o the_o britain_n herd_n that_o the_o saxon_a be_v a_o nation_n active_a in_o piracie_n or_o navigation_n and_o strong_a in_o all_o kind_n of_o necessary_n for_o war_n throughout_o all_o the_o sea-coast_n from_o the_o river_n rhine_n as_o far_o as_o the_o city_n donia_n which_o be_v now_o common_o call_v danemare_n to_o they_o therefore_o they_o send_v messenger_n with_o extraordinary_a great_a present_n desire_v aid_n promise_v they_o a_o peaceable_a intercour_n and_o amity_n thus_o they_o that_o be_v wont_v before_o to_o infest_v the_o british_a sea_n be_v invite_v to_o its_o protection_n and_o amity_n and_o true_o that_o the_o britain_n have_v a_o very_a special_a care_n at_o that_o time_n of_o the_o sea-affair_n and_o so_o of_o the_o guardianship_n of_o their_o sea_n appear_v from_o thence_o that_o in_o the_o story_n of_o britain_n we_o read_v concern_v the_o most_o famous_a king_n arthur_n and_o prince_n malgo_n that_o by_o many_o bloody_a battle_n they_o either_o add_v or_o recover_v six_o comprovincial_a isle_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v the_o very_a word_n of_o geofferie_n of_o monmouth_n that_o be_v to_o say_v ireland_n and_o shetland_n gotland_n the_o orcades_n norwey_n and_o denmark_n dacia_n to_o their_o dominion_n yea_o and_o groenland_n and_o all_o the_o other_o country_n and_o island_n of_o the_o eastern_a sea_n as_o far_o as_o russia_n and_o many_o other_o island_n beyond_o 137._o scantia_n even_o to_o the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o north._n and_o that_o which_o we_o find_v in_o nennius_n the_o scholar_n of_o cottonianâ_fw-la elvodugus_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o this_o time_n to_o wit_n that_o cuneda_n the_o grandfather_n of_o magolcunus_n a_o prince_n of_o the_o southern_a britain_n drive_v the_o scot_n out_o of_o all_o the_o country_n and_o island_n of_o britain_n certain_o for_o the_o effect_n of_o this_o it_o be_v necessary_a there_o shall_v be_v a_o very_a great_a strength_n in_o ship_v for_o the_o guard_n and_o security_n of_o the_o neighbour_a sea_n it_o be_v prove_v both_o from_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o the_o saxon_n reign_n as_o also_o from_o their_o force_n and_o victory_n by_o sea_n that_o the_o english-saxons_a and_o dane_n who_o rule_v the_o south-part_n of_o britain_n have_v dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n chap._n x._o beside_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v of_o the_o saxon_n during_o their_o reign_n here_o there_o be_v also_o in_o ancient_a record_n divers_a other_o particular_n which_o more_o plain_o show_v that_o both_o they_o and_o the_o dane_n have_v dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n whilst_o they_o reign_v in_o britain_n those_o particular_n i_o divide_v into_o four_o part_n the_o first_o respect_n the_o original_a of_o the_o most_o potent_a kingdom_n of_o the_o saxon_n the_o second_o the_o naval_a force_n and_o victory_n of_o the_o follow_a time_n the_o three_o the_o tribute_n and_o duty_n of_o fiduciarie_n client_n or_o vassal_n belong_v to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o navy_n last_o several_a plain_n and_o most_o evident_a testimony_n concern_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o english-saxon_a king_n at_o that_o time_n over_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o first_o beginning_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o english-saxons_a i_o reckon_v both_o the_o come_n of_o octha_n and_o ebissa_n invite_v hither_o by_o vortigern_n upon_o the_o persuasion_n of_o hengist_n as_o also_o the_o arrival_n of_o king_n aella_n in_o sussex_n he_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o southern_a shore_n they_o of_o the_o northern_a concern_v the_o naval_a force_n of_o octha_n and_o ebissa_n 91._o nennius_n the_o scholar_n of_o el._n vodugus_fw-la who_o usual_o pass_v up_o and_o down_o also_o by_o the_o name_n of_o gildas_n speak_v thus_o they_o sail_v about_o the_o pict_n with_o forty_o vessel_n call_v narrow_a ciulae_fw-la spoil_v the_o orcade_n island_n and_o come_v and_o possess_v very_o many_o isle_n and_o region_n beyond_o mare_fw-la â—resicum_fw-la meaning_n bodotria_n or_o the_o firth_n of_o edinburgh_n which_o lie_v between_o we_o and_o the_o scot_n even_o as_o far_o as_o the_o border_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o hengist_n by_o degree_n draw_v those_o ciulae_fw-la to_o himself_o so_o that_o they_o forsake_v the_o isle_n which_o they_o inhabit_v it_o can_v hardly_o be_v more_o plain_o express_v that_o the_o nation_n be_v accustom_v to_o the_o affair_n of_o navigation_n and_o war_n by_o sea_n have_v thus_o get_v a_o great_a part_n of_o britain_n do_v first_o secure_v that_o inseparable_a appendant_a of_o the_o island_n or_o the_o sea_n have_v bring_v over_o a_o numerous_a force_n for_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o this_o design_n as_o to_o what_o concern_v aella_n they_o write_v that_o he_o with_o his_o son_n cissa_n and_o cimenus_n and_o a_o navy_n very_o well_o appoint_v with_o military_a force_n arrive_v upon_o the_o shore_n of_o sussex_n near_o witer_v 223_o cimenshore_n so_o call_v heretofore_o from_o this_o cimenus_n and_o that_o have_v drive_v away_o the_o britain_n he_o possess_v the_o 2._o sea-coast_n and_o send_v daily_o for_o new_a aid_n out_o of_o germany_n he_o at_o length_n enlarge_v his_o kingdom_n along_o the_o eastern_a shore_n as_o far_o as_o the_o river_n humber_n and_o be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o english_a saxon_n that_o attain_v here_o to_o so_o large_a a_o dominion_n also_o that_o his_o posterity_n enjoy_v this_o kingdom_n about_o lxx_o year_n but_o true_o it_o can_v hardly_o be_v that_o they_o who_o be_v eminent_o powerful_a in_o ship_v and_o have_v make_v so_o happy_a a_o progress_n upon_o the_o shore_n shall_v not_o in_o like_a manner_n be_v master_n of_o the_o sea_n itself_o especial_o see_v we_o find_v not_o the_o least_o testimony_n that_o any_o other_o be_v at_o that_o time_n of_o any_o considerable_a strength_n in_o ship_v upon_o this_o coast._n but_o as_o for_o the_o naval_a force_n and_o victory_n of_o the_o succeed_a king_n both_o dane_n and_o english-saxons_a they_o be_v to_o be_v see_v every_o where_n in_o joannes_n asserius_fw-la bishop_n of_o shirburn_n william_n the_o monk_n of_o malmsburie_n henry_n archdeacon_n of_o huntingdon_n roger_n hoveden_n florentius_n of_o worcester_n and_o florilegus_n but_o especial_o in_o the_o act_n of_o k._n alfred_n edward_n the_o elder_a athelstan_n edgar_n ethelred_n and_o harold_n and_o questionless_a long_o after_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o saxon_n reign_n this_o country_n flourish_v not_o a_o little_a in_o ship_v for_o the_o maintain_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o may_v be_v collect_v both_o from_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o nation_n already_o mention_v and_o the_o frequent_a use_n of_o navigation_n from_o which_o the_o merchant_n that_o use_v to_o traffic_v on_o both_o the_o shore_n be_v prohibit_v upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o a_o difference_n that_o arise_v betwixt_o charles_n of_o france_n afterward_o emperor_n and_o oâ—â—a_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n among_o the_o english-saxons_a to_o who_o the_o rest_n be_v in_o subjection_n yet_o a_o freedom_n thereof_o be_v restore_v not_o long_o after_o by_o a_o agreement_n of_o extraordinary_a benefit_n and_o advantage_n to_o the_o english-saxon_a as_o we_o find_v in_o 1669._o alcuinus_fw-la and_o william_n of_o malmsburie_n but_o before_o k._n alfred_n their_o power_n begin_v to_o decrea_n by_o sea_n and_o that_o especial_o in_o the_o time_n of_o k._n ethelwolph_n when_o the_o etc._n dane_n or_o norman_n infest_a not_o only_o the_o shore_n but_o also_o almost_o the_o whole_a island_n after_o a_o most_o grievous_a manner_n and_o seize_v upon_o most_o of_o the_o isle_n by_o force_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o west_n of_o britain_n and_o so_o all_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o mercy_n of_o pirate_n but_o after_o that_o alfred_n be_v invest_v in_o the_o kingdom_n the_o defence_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v restore_v and_o its_o dominion_n establish_v concern_v who_o that_o asserius_fw-la bishop_n of_o shirburn_n his_o tutor_n write_v thus_o he_o give_v command_v for_o the_o build_n of_o boat_n and_o galley_n that_o be_v long_a ship_n through_o out_o the_o kingdom_n that_o he_o may_v prevent_v his_o enemy_n and_o fight_v they_o by_o sea_n and_o put_v pirate_n aboard_o they_o he_o charge_v they_o to_o guard_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o a_o little_a after_o he_o command_v
oppose_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o sea_n chap._n xviii_o that_o there_o be_v admiral_n also_o constitute_v by_o the_o french_a king_n upon_o the_o opposite_a shore_n of_o france_n be_v know_v to_o every_o man_n and_o as_o there_o be_v a_o admiral_n appoint_v in_o gallia_n narbonensis_n to_o oversee_v maritime_a affair_n there_o so_o also_o on_o the_o opposite_a shore_n there_o be_v distinct_a office_n of_o the_o admiral_n of_o aquitain_n bretaign_n and_o normandy_n and_o the_o adjoin_a coast_n but_o the_o french_a lawyer_n of_o late_a be_v wont_a to_o call_v their_o admiral_n in_o latin_a praefectus_fw-la maris_fw-la governor_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o if_o the_o sea_n be_v subject_a to_o he_o also_o as_o a_o governor_n whereas_o notwithstanding_o if_o the_o thing_n be_v right_o consider_v that_o government_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o what_o name_n soëver_o it_o be_v call_v do_v not_o signify_v as_o among_o the_o english_a any_o dominion_n of_o one_o have_v command_n in_o any_o near_a part_n of_o the_o sea_n for_o we_o speak_v not_o of_o the_o sea_n of_o marseille_n which_o have_v no_o relation_n hereunto_o but_o only_o of_o their_o naval_a force_n in_o any_o sea_n whatsoëver_o together_o with_o the_o government_n of_o the_o seaman_n and_o jurisdiction_n over_o their_o person_n and_o moveable_n which_o may_v fall_v under_o the_o determination_n of_o a_o judge_n pour_fw-fr raison_fw-fr ou_fw-fr occasion_n as_o they_o 2._o say_v the_o faict_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mer_fw-fr that_o be_v by_o reason_n or_o upon_o occasion_n of_o any_o suit_n or_o controversy_n arise_v about_o sea-affair_n for_o the_o more_o plain_a understanding_n whereof_o we_o must_v make_v far_a enquiry_n in_o the_o more_o ancient_a time_n there_o be_v indeed_o admiral_n or_o governor_n of_o sea_n affair_n among_o the_o french_a yet_o so_o that_o their_o writer_n do_v not_o a_o little_a differ_v about_o the_o original_n of_o the_o dignity_n they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n 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keep_v among_o the_o record_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o scotland_n and_o so_o at_o length_n those_o isle_n and_o the_o dominion_n of_o this_o sea_n return_v to_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n which_o they_o enjoy_v at_o this_o day_n the_o king_n of_o scotland_n have_v a_o pledge_n of_o dominion_n also_o in_o this_o sea_n that_o be_v to_o say_v tribute_n or_o custom_n impose_v upon_o fisherman_n for_o fish_v of_o which_o by_o the_o way_n you_o may_v read_v in_o their_o 54._o act_n of_o parliament_n touch_v that_o right_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n in_o the_o main_a and_o open_a sea_n of_o the_o north._n and_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o work_n chap._n xxxii_o concern_v that_o neighbour_a sea_n which_o be_v a_o territory_n belong_v to_o the_o scot_n i_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n but_o i_o must_v not_o omit_v to_o treat_v here_o of_o that_o sea_n which_o stretch_v itself_o to_o a_o very_a large_a extent_n towards_o the_o north_n wash_v the_o coast_n of_o friesland_n island_n and_o other_o isle_n also_o under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n or_o of_o norway_n for_o even_o this_o sea_n also_o be_v asscribe_v by_o some_o to_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n albericus_fw-la gentilis_fw-la apply_v that_o of_o agriâ—ola_n tacitus_n the_o northern_a coast_n of_o britain_n have_v no_o land_n lie_v against_o they_o be_v wash_v by_o the_o main_a and_o open_a sea_n you_o see_v 8._o say_v he_o how_o far_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n extend'_v itself_o towards_o the_o south_n north_n and_o west_n as_o if_o almost_o all_o that_o which_o lie_v opposite_a to_o the_o isle_n of_o britain_n in_o the_o open_a sea_n be_v within_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n and_o concern_v the_o northern_a sea_n also_o which_o reach_v there_o to_o part_n unknown_a the_o very_a same_o
of_o so_o great_a consequence_n have_v think_v it_o necessary_a by_o the_o advice_n of_o our_o privy_a council_n to_o renew_v the_o aforesaid_a restraint_n of_o fish_v upon_o our_o aforesaid_a coast_n and_o sea_n without_o licence_n first_o obtain_v from_o we_o and_o by_o these_o present_n to_o make_v public_a declaration_n that_o our_o resolution_n be_v at_o time_n convenient_a to_o keep_v such_o a_o competent_a strength_n of_o ship_n upon_o our_o sea_n as_o may_v by_o god_n blessing_n be_v sufficient_a both_o to_o hinder_v such_o further_a encroachment_n upon_o our_o regality_n and_o assist_v and_o protect_v those_o our_o good_a friend_n and_o ally_n who_o shall_v henceforth_o by_o virtue_n of_o our_o licence_n to_o be_v first_o obtain_v endeavour_v to_o take_v the_o benefit_n of_o fish_v upon_o our_o coast_n and_o sea_n in_o the_o place_n accustom_v give_v at_o our_o palace_n of_o westminster_n the_o ten_o day_n of_o may_n in_o the_o twelve_o year_n of_o our_o reign_n of_o england_n scotland_n france_n and_o ireland_n this_o proclamation_n be_v set_v forth_o in_o the_o year_n 1636._o serve_v to_o speak_v the_o intent_n of_o those_o naval_a preparation_n make_v before_o in_o the_o year_n 1635._o which_o be_v so_o numerous_a and_o well-provided_a that_o our_o netherland-neighbor_n be_v touch_v with_o the_o apprehension_n of_o some_o great_a design_n in_o hand_n for_o the_o interest_n of_o england_n by_o sea_n and_o of_o the_o guilt_n that_o lie_v upon_o their_o own_o conscience_n for_o their_o bold_a encroachment_n soon_o betray_v their_o jealousy_n and_o fear_n and_o in_o they_o a_o since_o of_o their_o offence_n before_o ever_o the_o proclamation_n be_v make_v public_a as_o i_o may_v show_v at_o large_a if_o it_o be_v requisite_a by_o certain_a paper_n of_o a_o public_a character_n yet_o in_o be_v but_o there_o be_v one_o instar_fw-la omnium_fw-la which_o may_v serve_v in_o stead_n of_o all_o and_o it_o be_v a_o acute_a letter_n of_o secretary_n coke_n that_o be_v write_v to_o sir_n william_n boswel_o the_o king_n be_v resident_n then_o at_o the_o hague_n the_o original_a whereof_o be_v still_o reserve_v among_o the_o public_a paper_n in_o which_o letter_n he_o set_z forth_o the_o ground_n and_o reason_n of_o prepare_v that_o gallant_a navy_n with_o the_o king_n resolution_n to_o maintain_v the_o right_n derive_v from_o his_o ancestor_n in_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o therefore_o i_o here_o render_v a_o true_a copy_n of_o it_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v this_o business_n as_o most_o pertinent_a to_o our_o purpose_n sir_n by_o your_o letter_n and_o otherwise_o i_o perceiv_v many_o jealousy_n and_o discourse_n be_v raise_v upon_o the_o preparation_n of_o his_o majesty_n be_v fleet_n which_o be_v now_o in_o such_o forwardness_n that_o we_o doubt_v not_o but_o within_o this_o month_n it_o will_v appear_v at_o sea_n it_o be_v therefore_o expedient_a both_o for_o your_o satisfaction_n and_o direction_n to_o inform_v you_o particular_o what_o be_v the_o occasion_n and_o what_o be_v his_o majesty_n be_v intention_n in_o this_o work_n first_o we_o hold_v it_o a_o principle_n not_o to_o be_v deny_v that_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n be_v a_o monarch_n at_o land_n and_o sea_n to_o the_o full_a extent_n of_o his_o dominion_n and_o that_o it_o concern_v he_o as_o much_o to_o maintain_v his_o sovereignty_n in_o all_o the_o british_a sea_n as_o within_o his_o three_o kingdom_n because_o without_o that_o these_o can_v be_v keep_v safe_a nor_o he_o preserv_v his_o honour_n and_o due_a respect_n with_o other_o nation_n but_o command_v the_o sea_n he_o may_v cause_v his_o neighbour_n and_o all_o country_n to_o stand_v upon_o their_o guard_n whensoever_o he_o be_v fit_a and_o this_o can_v be_v doubt_v that_o whosoëver_o will_v encroach_v upon_o he_o by_o sea_n will_v do_v it_o by_o land_n also_o when_o they_o see_v their_o time_n to_o such_o presumption_n mare_fw-la liberum_fw-la give_v the_o first_o warning_n piece_n which_o must_v be_v answer_v with_o a_o defence_n of_o mare_fw-la clausum_fw-la not_o so_o much_o by_o discourse_n as_o by_o the_o loud_a language_n of_o a_o powerful_a navy_n to_o be_v better_o understand_v when_o overstrain_v patience_n see_v no_o hope_n of_o preserve_v she_o right_o by_o other_o mean_n the_o degree_n by_o which_o his_o majesty_n be_v dominion_n at_o sea_n have_v of_o late_a year_n be_v first_o impeach_v and_o then_o question_v be_v as_o considerable_a as_o notorious_a first_o to_o cherish_v and_o as_o it_o be_v to_o nur_n up_o our_o unthankful_a neighbour_n we_o give_v they_o leave_v to_o gather_v wealth_n and_o strength_n upon_o our_o coast_n in_o our_o port_n by_o our_o trade_n and_o by_o our_o people_n then_o they_o be_v glad_a to_o invite_v our_o merchant_n residence_n with_o what_o privilege_n they_o will_v desire_v then_o they_o offer_v to_o we_o even_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o their_o estate_n and_o then_o they_o sue_v for_o licence_n to_o fish_n upon_o the_o coast_n and_o obtain_v it_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o scotland_n which_o now_o they_o suppress_v and_o when_o thus_o by_o leave_v or_o by_o connivance_n they_o have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o our_o fishing_n not_o only_o in_o scotland_n but_o in_o ireland_n and_o england_n and_o by_o our_o staple_n have_v raise_v a_o great_a stock_n of_o trade_n by_o these_o mean_v they_o so_o increase_v their_o ship_n and_o power_n at_o sea_n that_o now_o they_o endure_v not_o to_o be_v keep_v at_o any_o distance_n nay_o they_o be_v grow_v to_o that_o confidence_n to_o keep_v guard_n upon_o our_o sea_n and_o then_o to_o project_v a_o office_n and_o company_n of_o assurance_n for_o the_o advancement_n of_o trade_n and_o withal_o prohibit_v we_o free_a commerce_n even_o within_o our_o sea_n and_o take_v our_o ship_n and_o good_n if_o we_o conform_v not_o to_o their_o placart_n what_o insolence_n and_o cruelty_n they_o have_v commit_v against_o we_o heretofore_o in_o ireland_n in_o groâ—nland_n and_o in_o the_o indies_n be_v too_o well_o know_v to_o all_o the_o world_n in_o all_o which_o though_o our_o suffering_n and_o their_o wrong_n may_v seem_v forget_v yet_o the_o great_a interest_n of_o his_o majesty_n be_v honour_n be_v still_o the_o same_o and_o will_v refresh_v their_o memory_n as_o there_o shall_v be_v cause_n for_o though_o charity_n must_v remit_v wrong_n do_v to_o private_a man_n yet_o the_o reflection_n upon_o the_o public_a may_v make_v it_o a_o great_a charity_n to_o do_v justice_n on_o cry_v crime_n all_o this_o notwithstanding_o you_o be_v not_o to_o conceiv_v that_o the_o work_n of_o this_o fleet_n be_v either_o revenge_n or_o execution_n of_o justice_n for_o these_o great_a offence_n past_a but_o chief_o for_o the_o future_a to_o stop_v the_o violent_a current_n of_o that_o presumption_n whereby_o the_o man_n of_o war_n and_o freebooter_n of_o all_o nation_n abuse_v the_o favour_n of_o his_o majesty_n be_v peaceable_a and_o gracious_a government_n whereby_o he_o have_v permit_v all_o his_o friend_n and_o ally_n to_o make_v use_n of_o his_o sea_n and_o port_n in_o a_o reasonable_a and_o free_a manner_n and_o according_a to_o his_o treaty_n have_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o boldness_n not_o only_o to_o come_v confident_o at_o all_o time_n into_o all_o his_o port_n and_o river_n but_o to_o conveie_v their_o merchant_n ship_n as_o high_a as_o his_o chief_a city_n and_o then_o to_o cast_v anchor_n close_o upon_o his_o magazine_n and_o to_o contemn_v the_o command_n of_o his_o officer_n when_o they_o require_v a_o far_a distance_n but_o which_o be_v more_o intolerable_a have_v assault_v and_o take_v one_o another_o within_o his_o majesty_n be_v chamber_n and_o within_o his_o river_n to_o the_o scorn_n and_o contempt_n of_o his_o dominion_n and_o power_n and_o this_o be_v of_o late_a year_n a_o ordinary_a practice_n which_o we_o have_v endeavour_v in_o vain_a to_o reform_v by_o the_o way_n of_o justice_n and_o treaty_n the_o world_n i_o think_v will_v now_o be_v satisfy_v that_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o look_v about_o we_o and_o no_o wise_a man_n will_v doubt_v that_o it_o be_v high_a time_n to_o put_v our_o selus_fw-la in_o this_o equipage_n upon_o the_o sea_n and_o not_o to_o suffer_v that_o stage_n of_o action_n to_o be_v take_v from_o we_o for_o want_v of_o our_o appearance_n so_o you_o see_v the_o general_a ground_n upon_o which_o our_o counsel_n stand_v in_o particular_a you_o may_v take_v notice_n and_o publish_v as_o cause_v require_n that_o his_o majesty_n by_o this_o fleet_n intend_v not_o a_o rupture_n with_o any_o prince_n or_o state_n nor_o to_o infringe_v any_o point_n of_o his_o treaty_n but_o resolve_v to_o continue_v and_o maintain_v that_o happy_a peace_n wherewith_o god_n have_v bless_v his_o kingdom_n and_o to_o which_o all_o his_o action_n and_o negotiation_n have_v hitherto_o tend_v as_o