do_v i_o dissent_v from_o the_o opinion_n of_o they_o that_o think_v the_o law_n of_o moses_n do_v imitate_v and_o resemble_v the_o simplicity_n integrity_n and_o uniformity_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v that_o which_o natural_a reason_n have_v propound_v and_o appoint_v in_o common_a to_o all_o man_n i_o do_v not_o say_v that_o nature_n have_v appoint_v but_o nature_n with_o reason_n or_o natural_a reason_n and_o it_o be_v also_o sever_v from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n because_o it_o be_v appropriate_v only_o to_o man_n yet_o communicate_v to_o all_o nation_n for_o there_o be_v no_o nation_n which_o use_v it_o not_o the_o distinguish_n of_o demesue_n the_o diversity_n of_o realm_n and_o kingdom_n be_v parcel_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n likewise_o war_n contract_n and_o such_o like_a be_v branch_n of_o that_o law_n the_o definition_n of_o it_o may_v be_v short_o this_o a_o law_n in_o which_o all_o nation_n do_v consent_n but_o this_o please_v not_o bodinus_fw-la for_o say_v he_o all_o nation_n have_v consent_v to_o idolatry_n yet_o who_o will_v account_v that_o a_o law_n repub._n but_o this_o definition_n be_v mean_v of_o human_a thing_n not_o of_o divine_a for_o who_o will_v so_o understand_v it_o for_o all_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o world_n may_v not_o prescribe_v a_o law_n to_o god_n nor_o capitulate_v any_o thing_n touch_v these_o thing_n that_o concern_v he_o he_o be_v a_o lawmaker_n for_o himself_o and_o therefore_o have_v say_v quod_fw-la praecipio_fw-la tibi_fw-la hoc_fw-la tantum_fw-la facito_fw-la non_fw-la addas_fw-la nec_fw-la minuas_fw-la 32_o but_o in_o humane_a thing_n that_o which_o all_o nation_n do_v allow_v for_o a_o law_n that_o be_v for_o government_n and_o public_a respect_n for_o which_o intent_n the_o word_n law_n be_v use_v in_o the_o definition_n that_o be_v to_o be_v receive_v and_o acknowledge_v for_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n the_o law_n civil_a i_o do_v not_o take_v so_o large_o as_o some_o do_v interpret_v it_o to_o be_v a_o law_n which_o every_o city_n or_o people_n have_v appropriate_v to_o itself_o for_o though_o the_o original_a denomination_n of_o it_o come_v from_o this_o word_n city_n yet_o by_o that_o be_v mean_v only_o one_o city_n where_o that_o law_n be_v practise_v and_o observe_v and_o that_o be_v the_o ancient_a city_n of_o rome_n for_o which_o cause_n the_o civil_a law_n be_v at_o this_o day_n call_v by_o some_o ius_fw-la romanum_fw-la 14._o and_o though_o many_o city_n and_o commonweal_n be_v now_o govern_v by_o that_o law_n yet_o therefore_o it_o can_v not_o be_v say_v to_o be_v ius_fw-la civil_a since_o it_o have_v the_o name_n before_o the_o common_a law_n be_v that_o which_o by_o common_a use_n or_o common_a reason_n be_v make_v not_o by_o common_a assembly_n as_o statute_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v establish_v and_o it_o differ_v likewise_o from_o statute_n law_n in_o this_o that_o in_o such_o law_n there_o be_v many_o time_n proviso_n and_o exception_n of_o certain_a person_n but_o the_o common_a law_n bind_v all_o alike_o and_o be_v not_o apply_v and_o use_v as_o a_o plaster_n to_o one_o part_n but_o as_o a_o strong_a purgation_n to_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n politic_a and_o it_o may_v challenge_v a_o third_o difference_n for_o that_o the_o common_a law_n arise_v from_o the_o people_n and_o multitude_n but_o the_o statute_n original_o from_o the_o king_n because_o before_o every_o parliament_n writ_n of_o summons_n issue_n from_o the_o king_n for_o preparation_n to_o that_o solemn_a meeting_n of_o the_o state_n again_o the_o king_n may_v dispense_v with_o penal_a statute_n dy._n by_o clause_n of_o non_fw-la obstante_fw-la but_o he_o may_v not_o alter_v the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n 73._o though_o the_o word_n of_o common_a law_n extend_v by_o the_o generallitie_n of_o it_o to_o any_o law_n that_o be_v common_o use_v in_o any_o place_n yet_o use_n have_v restreign_v it_o to_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n of_o england_n to_o the_o dominion_n of_o which_o it_o be_v confine_v &_o beyond_o this_o nest_n streatch_v not_o her_o feather_n the_o customary_a law_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o custom_n long_a time_n continue_v which_o may_v be_v thus_o more_o full_o define_v custom_n be_v a_o law_n not_o write_v by_o the_o manner_n and_o usage_n of_o a_o certain_a people_n or_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o upon_o good_a reason_n and_o judgement_n begin_v and_o continue_v and_o have_v the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n i_o say_v a_o law_n not_o write_v because_o the_o bare_a memory_n of_o man_n be_v the_o register_n of_o custom_n i_o say_v by_o the_o manner_n and_o usage_n etc._n etc._n because_o no_o custom_n do_v grow_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o certains_fw-fr people_n or_o the_o mayor_n part_n of_o they_o i_o say_v begin_v upon_o good_a reason_n and_o judgement_n because_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v introduce_v by_o error_n be_v not_o to_o be_v observe_v i_o say_v continue_v because_o without_o diuturnity_n of_o time_n custom_n can_v have_v no_o force_n or_o strength_n i_o say_v have_v the_o force_n of_o law_n because_o it_o must_v be_v of_o equal_a power_n in_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v use_v with_o the_o law_n acustome_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v of_o no_o force_n because_o naturalia_fw-la sunt_fw-la immutabilia_fw-la a_o custom_n against_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v of_o no_o validity_n because_o that_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n a_o custom_n against_o the_o law_n positive_a be_v either_o against_o publiâ—â—_n utility_n or_o private_a profit_n if_o it_o be_v derogatory_n to_o public_a utility_n it_o be_v void_a if_o it_o be_v only_o against_o private_a profit_n it_o be_v good_a and_o effectual_a and_o a_o custom_n once_o disallow_v and_o defeat_v by_o law_n can_v be_v recontinue_a or_o reviue_v by_o any_o mean_n it_o have_v be_v question_v how_o many_o act_n or_o deed_n of_o man_n be_v require_v to_o bring_v in_o a_o custom_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o most_o learned_a have_v be_v that_o so_o many_o act_n and_o so_o notorious_a that_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v do_v may_v be_v intimate_v into_o the_o notice_n of_o the_o people_n so_o that_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v allow_v by_o the_o secret_a consent_n or_o like_v of_o the_o people_n but_o one_o notorious_a act_n can_v induce_v a_o custom_n for_o that_o be_v against_o the_o name_n of_o a_o custme_n for_o consuetudo_fw-la be_v nothing_o else_o but_o communis_fw-la assuetudo_fw-la it_o have_v be_v also_o doubt_v whether_o a_o act_n contrary_a to_o a_o custom_n do_v interrupt_v the_o custom_n to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v thus_o answer_v either_o the_o custom_n be_v not_o yet_o perfitte_a and_o then_o it_o do_v interrupt_v the_o custom_n for_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n do_v not_o yet_o evident_o appear_v or_o else_o it_o be_v complete_a and_o perfect_a and_o then_o it_o can_v be_v defeat_v by_o one_o act_n but_o by_o so_o much_o time_n and_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o it_o be_v induce_v ius_n merum_fw-la be_v that_o law_n which_o have_v no_o mixture_n nor_o regard_n of_o circumstance_n but_o ground_v a_o rigorous_a conclusion_n upon_o thing_n do_v without_o further_a examination_n how_o or_o why_o they_o be_v do_v as_o if_o a_o man_n sell_v a_o lease_n of_o land_n for_o year_n and_o certain_a cloth_n for_o ten_o pound_n the_o contract_n be_v entire_a and_o if_o the_o title_n of_o the_o vendor_n be_v not_o good_a as_o to_o the_o lease_n yet_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o entire_a sum_n though_o the_o vendee_fw-mi be_v dispossess_v of_o the_o lease_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o action_n bring_v for_o the_o money_n 4_o because_o in_o strict_a reason_n the_o contract_n be_v entire_a so_o if_o a_o man_n sell_v his_o own_o horse_n and_o the_o horse_n of_o i._o s._n to_o a._n for_o ten_o pound_n and_o i._o s._n take_v away_o his_o horse_n yet_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n will_v lie_v for_o the_o whole_a sum_n because_o the_o contract_n be_v in_o itself_o entire_a 7_o but_o if_o a_o man_n reteigne_v one_o in_o service_n for_o a_o year_n for_o ten_o pound_n to_o be_v pay_v at_o two_o feast_n of_o the_o year_n and_o the_o master_n die_v after_o the_o first_o feast_n and_o before_o the_o latter_a the_o servant_n shall_v have_v his_o wage_n but_o for_o the_o first_o feast_n because_o the_o contracte_v be_v at_o the_o first_o time_n apportion_v 6._o the_o law_n which_o be_v term_v aequum_fw-la &_o bonum_fw-la be_v that_o which_o do_v mild_o interpret_v amend_v and_o mollify_v the_o hard_a and_o rigorous_a speech_n and_o censure_n of_o the_o other_o law_n and_o be_v sometime_o sharp_a and_o severe_a where_o the_o other_o law_n be_v remiss_a and_o connivent_fw-la as_o may_v
law_n public_o receive_v do_v strengthen_v it_o so_o that_o in_o the_o write_a law_n there_o be_v not_o only_o a_o safeguard_n for_o innocency_n against_o injury_n but_o also_o for_o the_o magistrate_n against_o the_o importunity_n of_o the_o people_n but_o as_o wayfaring_a man_n while_o they_o travail_n be_v not_o afraid_a of_o go_v a_o stray_n when_o mercury_n image_n do_v point_n out_o unto_o they_o the_o way_n that_o they_o be_v to_o go_v so_o good_a man_n when_o a_o certain_a law_n be_v propose_v unto_o they_o when_o by_o it_o they_o know_v what_o every_o man_n ought_v to_o perform_v what_o to_o avoid_v they_o be_v secure_v and_o do_v whole_o repose_v themselves_o in_o the_o protection_n of_o law_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o the_o hebrew_n might_n well_o agree_v &_o have_v good_a order_n amongst_o they_o self_n god_n do_v enact_v and_o establish_v certain_a law_n that_o they_o may_v judge_v by_o prescript_n and_o rule_v lest_o the_o law_n be_v ambiguous_a may_v procure_v dissension_n and_o other_o people_n and_o nation_n have_v either_o by_o the_o tyrannons_n domination_n of_o magistrate_n or_o the_o outrageous_a discord_n of_o the_o people_n be_v enforce_v to_o receive_v law_n as_o the_o square_a and_o measure_n of_o their_o action_n in_o the_o city_n of_o athens_n when_o there_o be_v continual_a debate_n about_o the_o difficult_a point_n of_o the_o law_n they_o in_o force_n there_o arise_v three_o faction_n of_o man_n not_o of_o the_o worst_a sort_n but_o yet_o not_o well_o agree_v in_o matter_n of_o state_n the_o city_n by_o this_o mean_a be_v great_o molest_v and_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n be_v edge_v &_o exasperate_v by_o the_o fester_a sore_n and_o cankerworm_n of_o contention_n the_o government_n be_v commit_v to_o solon_n he_o survey_v by_o depth_n of_o judgement_n the_o weak_a and_o impuissant_a estate_n of_o the_o city_n make_v law_n whereby_o peace_n and_o contentment_n be_v restore_v and_o when_o he_o see_v that_o these_o law_n be_v the_o sinew_n of_o the_o good_a estate_n of_o the_o city_n he_o determine_v that_o whosoever_o shall_v hold_v any_o judicial_a place_n shall_v in_o precise_a term_n take_v oath_n that_o he_o will_v judge_v according_a to_o the_o law_n this_o be_v also_o the_o cause_n why_o the_o roman_n do_v fly_v to_o a_o write_a law_n the_o magistrate_n do_v arrogate_v &_o assume_v too_o much_o to_o themselves_o the_o people_n do_v exceed_o grudge_v and_o murmur_v that_o their_o honest_a liberty_n be_v impeach_v by_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o rule_n and_o the_o best_a man_n be_v at_o variance_n in_o matter_n of_o law_n so_o that_o it_o be_v think_v meet_a that_o some_o equal_a law_n shall_v be_v in_o force_n whereby_o the_o rashness_n of_o the_o people_n &_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o magistrate_n may_v be_v moderate_v for_o this_o cause_n the_o law_n call_v the_o twelve_o table_n be_v prescribe_v to_o the_o city_n which_o yoke_n be_v willing_o receive_v because_o without_o law_n they_o know_v their_o common_a weal_n can_v not_o prosper_v nor_o continue_v and_o as_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o certain_a form_n of_o law_n so_o these_o law_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v alter_v or_o abrogate_a without_o great_a occasion_n &_o the_o evident_a advantage_n of_o the_o common_a weal_n there_o be_v a_o law_n amongst_o they_o of_o locros_n that_o whosoever_o will_v make_v a_o motion_n or_o invective_n against_o any_o receive_a law_n shall_v thereof_o deliver_v his_o mind_n have_v a_o halter_n about_o his_o neck_n &_o if_o it_o be_v agree_v by_o the_o assembly_n that_o the_o thing_n which_o he_o indevor_v to_o persuade_v be_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o common_a weal_n the_o man_n be_v safe_a &_o receive_v commendation_n but_o if_o it_o be_v disallow_v and_o reject_v as_o a_o unprofitable_a admonition_n he_o be_v straight_o way_n hang_v and_o receive_v death_n as_o the_o guerdon_n of_o his_o innovation_n and_o in_o athens_n there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o man_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d who_o in_o all_o public_a meeting_n do_v sit_v amongst_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n &_o do_v put_v they_o in_o mind_n not_o to_o decree_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o law_n in_o force_n thus_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o both_o the_o make_n &_o maintain_v of_o law_n be_v necessary_a and_o it_o be_v right_o say_v of_o cicero_n that_o the_o law_n be_v as_o necessary_a for_o the_o government_n of_o a_o state_n as_o the_o soul_n &_o mind_n be_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o body_n cluentio_n this_o say_v he_o be_v the_o bond_n of_o all_o dignity_n and_o degree_n which_o be_v in_o the_o common_a weal_n this_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o liberty_n the_o fountain_n of_o equity_n the_o will_n counsel_n &_o decree_n of_o the_o city_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o law_n as_o the_o body_n can_v do_v nothing_o without_o the_o soul_n so_o a_o city_n without_o law_n can_v use_v her_o action_n power_n or_o authority_n the_o magistrate_n be_v the_o minister_n of_o law_n the_o judge_n be_v interpreter_n the_o people_n be_v the_o servant_n that_o they_o may_v have_v true_a liberty_n the_o law_n be_v thus_o define_v by_o cicero_n legi_fw-la summa_fw-la ratio_fw-la insita_fw-la á_o natura_fw-la quae_fw-la iubeat_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la facienda_fw-la sunt_fw-la prohibeatque_fw-la contraria_fw-la a_o principal_a reason_n ingraft_v in_o we_o by_o nature_n which_o command_v the_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o be_v do_v and_o forbid_v the_o contrary_a and_o all_o the_o particular_a and_o several_a law_n of_o diverse_a nation_n be_v but_o the_o branch_n of_o this_o law_n for_o the_o law_n be_v certain_a and_o clear_a intelligence_n and_o rule_n whereby_o the_o mind_n be_v address_v to_o pursue_v that_o which_o be_v good_a and_o to_o eschew_v the_o contrary_a and_o they_o offer_v to_o the_o mind_n the_o form_n and_o idea_n of_o virtue_n and_o dishonesty_n so_o that_o in_o the_o sacred_a precept_n of_o law_n as_o in_o a_o crystal_n glass_n a_o man_n may_v perceive_v what_o he_o may_v do_v with_o praise_n what_o he_o can_v do_v without_o infamy_n for_o the_o common_a place_n which_o be_v handle_v by_o diverse_a of_o common_a duty_n of_o that_o which_o be_v true_o good_a of_o that_o which_o be_v perfect_a happiness_n of_o the_o best_a estate_n of_o a_o common_a weal_n do_v not_o so_o sufficient_o qualify_v and_o instruct_v the_o understanding_n as_o the_o law_n itself_o but_o here_o i_o shall_v be_v cross_v by_o a_o other_o objection_n that_o great_a &_o tedious_a be_v the_o labour_n which_o be_v to_o be_v sustain_v in_o the_o study_n of_o the_o law_n sure_o there_o be_v nothing_o of_o weight_n or_o worth_n which_o may_v be_v compass_v without_o pain_n &_o travail_n and_o yet_o if_o the_o pain_n be_v compare_v and_o balance_v with_o the_o profit_n it_o be_v but_o as_o a_o few_o drop_n of_o hail_n to_o a_o whole_a shower_n of_o manna_n what_o will_v not_o a_o towardly_a man_n do_v what_o will_v he_o not_o undertake_v by_o his_o wisdom_n &_o wariness_n to_o keep_v all_o danger_n from_o the_o body_n head_n and_o life_n of_o the_o innocent_a to_o preserve_v his_o memory_n from_o oblivion_n and_o silence_n to_o be_v of_o great_a account_n among_o the_o great_a to_o attain_v to_o that_o knowledge_n which_o be_v the_o high_a of_o all_o humane_a art_n and_o science_n and_o though_o it_o be_v as_o hard_a a_o matter_n for_o a_o young_a gentleman_n to_o gain_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n as_o it_o be_v for_o phaeton_n to_o ascend_v unto_o the_o chariot_n of_o the_o sun_n who_o ere_o he_o can_v accomplish_v that_o be_v to_o pass_v through_o uncouth_a way_n and_o by_o the_o ghastly_a form_n of_o deform_a creature_n by_o the_o terrible_a sign_n of_o the_o bull_n the_o lion_n and_o the_o scorpion_n metamorph_n though_o i_o say_v a_o student_n ought_v to_o have_v all_o the_o law_n perfect_a and_o to_o pass_v through_o a_o multitude_n of_o case_n judgement_n statute_n argument_n treatise_n comment_n question_n diversity_n exposition_n custom_n of_o court_n plead_n moote_n reading_n and_o such_o like_a yet_o since_o there_o be_v no_o art_n nor_o science_n by_o which_o the_o common_a weal_n receive_v so_o great_a benefit_n since_o there_o be_v no_o course_n of_o life_n no_o time_n of_o age_n no_o estate_n of_o man_n which_o can_v either_o flourish_n or_o be_v without_o the_o safeguard_n of_o law_n and_o since_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o science_n be_v reward_v by_o the_o dignity_n credit_n and_o ample_a fortune_n which_o belong_v unto_o it_o the_o hope_n of_o they_o which_o employ_v themselves_o in_o this_o study_n ought_v not_o to_o wax_v faint_a nor_o their_o mind_n to_o be_v daunt_v with_o the_o labour_n and_o pain_n which_o all_o art_n require_v but_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v incite_v and_o allure_v to_o proceed_v in_o their_o study_n
kill_v coney_n in_o a_o man_n warren_n 8._o yet_o he_o shall_v not_o use_v this_o word_n suos_fw-la dy._n in_o his_o writ_n yet_o because_o he_o have_v they_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o warren_n or_o dove-house_n wherein_o he_o have_v a_o property_n he_o shall_v have_v a_o action_n for_o the_o chase_n or_o the_o take_n of_o they_o trespass_n the_o nature_n of_o crane_n and_o dove_n be_v wild_a neither_o be_v it_o material_a that_o by_o custom_n they_o be_v wont_n anolare_fw-la &_o revolare_fw-la to_o fly_v from_o home_n and_o return_v home_o and_o in_o such_o thing_n which_o be_v come_v and_o by_o custom_n be_v wont_a to_o depart_v and_o yet_o to_o return_v this_o rule_n be_v allow_v that_o so_o long_o they_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v thou_o as_o they_o have_v animum_fw-la revertendi_fw-la and_o felony_n can_v be_v commit_v in_o the_o take_n of_o beast_n that_o be_v savage_a if_o they_o be_v savage_a and_o untamed_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o take_n nor_o for_o take_v of_o dove_n be_v out_o of_o a_o dovecoate_n nor_o for_o take_v of_o fish_n be_v at_o large_a in_o the_o river_n for_o such_o take_n be_v not_o contrectatio_fw-la rei_fw-la alienae_n sed_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la nullius_fw-la in_o bonis_fw-la 95._o and_o the_o steal_n of_o a_o do_v which_o be_v tame_a and_o domestical_a be_v felony_n but_o then_o say_v m._n stamford_n it_o seem_v that_o he_o that_o steal_v it_o shall_v have_v certain_a knowledge_n that_o it_o be_v tame_a 16._o but_o if_o the_o do_v be_v kill_v and_o then_o steal_v this_o be_v felony_n 15._o and_o though_o a_o man_n may_v have_v for_o the_o take_n of_o his_o ferret_n a_o action_n of_o trespass_n because_o he_o be_v profitable_a to_o take_v coney_n for_o the_o use_n of_o his_o master_n yet_o because_o a_o ferret_n be_v ferae_fw-la naturae_fw-la a_o man_n can_v have_v a_o appeal_n of_o felony_n for_o he_o no_o more_o than_o he_o may_v have_v for_o the_o steal_n of_o his_o hawk_n and_o popiniay_v or_o such_o like_a for_o such_o thing_n be_v ferae_fw-la naturae_fw-la and_o a_o man_n can_v have_v no_o property_n in_o they_o neither_o can_v he_o say_v in_o his_o writ_n feras_fw-la svas_fw-la for_o that_o imply_v a_o contradiction_n and_o because_o they_o be_v savage_a therefore_o they_o be_v not_o tithable_a but_o when_o such_o thing_n be_v make_v come_v by_o my_o labour_n and_o cost_n the_o property_n of_o they_o be_v change_v and_o the_o nature_n alter_v and_o then_o if_o a_o man_n take_v they_o out_o of_o my_o possession_n i_o may_v have_v a_o action_n for_o a_o man_n may_v have_v a_o action_n quare_fw-la molossum_fw-la suum_fw-la cepit_fw-la because_o he_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o keep_n of_o his_o house_n or_o the_o keep_n of_o his_o fold_n or_o a_o fish_n pond_n newdigate_n but_o the_o nature_n of_o hen_n and_o goose_n be_v not_o savage_a and_o therefore_o if_o they_o shall_v fly_v away_o though_o they_o be_v pass_v thy_o eyesight_n notwithstanding_o in_o what_o place_n so_o ever_o they_o be_v they_o cease_v not_o to_o be_v thou_o and_o who_o so_o ever_o deteyn_v they_o be_v punishable_a by_o way_n of_o action_n 2._o 4_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n there_o be_v this_o case_n certain_a sheep_n be_v carry_v away_o from_o the_o shepherd_n of_o a._n by_o wolf_n a_o husbandman_n of_o the_o next_o village_n have_v pursue_v they_o with_o great_a and_o strong_a dog_n which_o he_o keep_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o his_o beast_n recover_v they_o from_o the_o wolf_n for_o the_o dog_n do_v enforce_v the_o wolf_n to_o leave_v they_o and_o when_o a._n do_v demand_v the_o sheep_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o sheep_n become_v his_o that_o do_v so_o recover_v they_o or_o remain_v still_o the_o sheep_n of_o a_o for_o the_o dog_n do_v get_v they_o by_o a_o kind_n of_o hunt_v yet_o pomponius_n think_v in_o this_o case_n that_o as_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v take_v either_o on_o sea_n or_o on_o land_n do_v cease_v to_o be_v they_o that_o take_v they_o when_o they_o be_v come_v to_o their_o natural_a liberty_n so_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n our_o good_n take_v away_o with_o beast_n live_v either_o in_o the_o sea_n or_o on_o the_o land_n do_v cease_v to_o be_v we_o when_o the_o beast_n that_o take_v they_o have_v escape_v our_o pursuit_n and_o who_o will_v affirm_v that_o that_o continue_v to_o be_v we_o which_o a_o bird_n fly_v hither_o and_o thither_o carry_v out_o of_o our_o barn_n or_o out_o of_o our_o field_n or_o by_o any_o mean_n carry_v it_o away_o from_o we_o if_o therefore_o it_o cease_v to_o be_v we_o when_o it_o come_v to_o the_o mouth_n of_o beast_n in_o common_a appearance_n irrecuperable_o it_o must_v needs_o become_v he_o who_o first_o recover_v it_o and_o so_o be_v make_v proper_a to_o the_o occupant_a even_o as_o a_o fish_n or_o bird_n which_o have_v escape_v our_o power_n if_o it_o be_v take_v of_o a_o other_o be_v straightway_o he_o but_o he_o think_v it_o more_o reasonable_a that_o it_o shall_v continue_v we_o so_o long_o as_o it_o may_v be_v recover_v edictum_fw-la 5_o likewise_o a_o thing_n pro_fw-la derelicto_fw-la habita_fw-la waive_v &_o forsake_v be_v nullius_fw-la in_o bonis_fw-la as_o when_o a_o man_n for_o fear_n of_o a_o tempest_n cast_v his_o thing_n into_o the_o sea_n or_o some_o danger_n be_v imminent_a leave_v they_o upon_o the_o land_n or_o else_o of_o his_o own_o free_a will_n leave_v that_o which_o be_v his_o own_o sine_fw-la spe_fw-la rehabendi_fw-la 5._o if_o a_o thing_n be_v fall_v out_o of_o a_o chariot_n or_o waggon_n it_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v lose_v or_o waive_v edictum_fw-la and_o if_o a_o man_n have_v a_o liberty_n to_o take_v wayfe_n and_o stray_n in_o his_o manor_n by_o prescription_n and_o certain_a beast_n be_v wayve_v or_o do_v stray_v within_o the_o precinct_n of_o his_o manor_n and_o a_o stranger_n take_v they_o he_o that_o have_v the_o manor_n shall_v not_o have_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n general_a for_o the_o take_n of_o they_o before_o he_o have_v seize_v they_o dy._n though_o the_o law_n be_v take_v to_o be_v otherwise_o by_o some_o 19_o but_o 13._o e._n 3._o a_o writ_n be_v maintain_v by_o a_o abbot_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o franchise_n in_o the_o like_a case_n but_o that_o be_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n which_o prove_v that_o the_o property_n be_v not_o in_o he_o before_o seizure_n 678._o but_o it_o have_v be_v hold_v for_o clear_a law_n that_o felony_n be_v not_o commit_v in_o the_o take_n of_o treasury_n find_v wreck_n of_o the_o sea_n wayfe_n and_o stray_n and_o such_o like_a unless_o they_o have_v be_v before_o seize_v and_o the_o reason_n be_v quia_fw-la dominus_fw-la rerum_fw-la non_fw-la apparet_fw-la ideo_fw-la cvius_fw-la sunt_fw-la incertum_fw-la est_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o punishment_n in_o such_o case_n be_v by_o fine_a and_o not_o by_o the_o take_n away_o of_o life_n and_o member_n 99_o such_o land_n the_o property_n whereof_o have_v be_v execute_v by_o possession_n can_v be_v wayve_v but_o by_o matter_n of_o record_n 20._o and_o it_o be_v a_o certain_a rule_n and_o sound_a reason_n that_o such_o thing_n as_o can_v pass_v but_o by_o matter_n of_o record_n can_v be_v wayve_v or_o relinquish_v but_o by_o matter_n of_o record_n 13._o 6_o such_o thing_n be_v say_v to_o be_v nullius_fw-la in_o bonis_fw-la which_o have_v not_o from_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n be_v know_v to_o belong_v to_o any_o man_n as_o treasure_n hide_v in_o the_o earth_n as_o when_o any_o money_n gold_n silver_n plate_n bullion_n be_v find_v in_o any_o place_n and_o no_o man_n know_v in_o who_o the_o property_n be_v the_o law_n bestow_v it_o upon_o the_o king_n and_o it_o become_v res_fw-la fiscalis_fw-la parcel_n of_o the_o treasury_n royal_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v call_v in_o the_o common_a law_n treasure_n trove_v that_o be_v to_o say_v treasure_n find_v whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o king_n be_v not_o proprietary_n of_o it_o till_o it_o be_v find_v but_o it_o be_v before_o nullius_fw-la in_o bonis_fw-la but_o if_o any_o mine_n of_o mettle_n be_v find_v in_o any_o ground_n that_o always_o pertain_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o soil_n except_o it_o be_v a_o mine_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n or_o a_o i_o which_o have_v vein_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o shall_v always_o be_v the_o king_n in_o who_o ground_n soever_o they_o be_v find_v mine_n and_o in_o ancient_a time_n as_o m._n bracton_n say_v it_o belong_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o he_o that_o find_v it_o but_o now_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n it_o be_v res_fw-la fisci_fw-la and_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n but_o heretofore_o it_o have_v be_v rule_v quod_fw-la thesaurus_fw-la non_fw-la competit_fw-la regi_fw-la nisi_fw-la quando_fw-la nemo_fw-la scit_fw-la
quis_fw-la abscondit_fw-la thâ—saurum_fw-la 446._o for_o then_o as_o m._n stamford_n collect_v it_o shall_v belong_v to_o he_o in_o who_o the_o property_n be_v before_o and_o if_o he_o die_v before_o such_o find_n his_o executor_n shall_v have_v it_o 42._o and_o because_o there_o may_v befall_v some_o square_a or_o variance_n betwixt_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o the_o king_n about_o the_o property_n of_o such_o treasure_n it_o be_v therefore_o decide_v quod_fw-la thesaurus_fw-la competit_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la &_o non_fw-la domino_fw-la libertatis_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la sit_fw-la per_fw-la verba_fw-la specialia_fw-la aut_fw-la per_fw-la praescriptionem_fw-la 436._o 7_o and_o thing_n be_v say_v to_o be_v nullius_fw-la in_o bonis_fw-la by_o common_a consent_n as_o thing_n consecrate_v and_o religious_a for_o though_o the_o good_n belong_v to_o a_o church_n as_o bell_n seruicebooke_n surplice_n chalice_n and_o other_o thing_n must_v be_v suppose_v in_o a_o writ_n of_o trespass_n bring_v by_o the_o churchwarden_n to_o be_v bona_fw-la parochianorum_fw-la in_o custodia_fw-la nostra_fw-la existentium_fw-la 66._o yet_o in_o that_o the_o law_n give_v the_o action_n to_o the_o churchwarden_n and_o to_o their_o successor_n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o such_o good_n unjust_o take_v and_o do_v give_v the_o property_n to_o the_o parishioner_n this_o proper_o must_v be_v intend_v to_o be_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o church_n that_o be_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o parochian_n as_o they_o be_v the_o church_n for_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o rolfe_n say_v 8._o h._n 5._o that_o a_o church_n parochial_a can_v not_o otherwise_o be_v intend_v but_o a_o house_n make_v of_o stone_n and_o wall_n and_o roof_n and_o such_o material_a thing_n which_o can_v not_o take_v by_o gift_n or_o feoffment_n no_o more_o than_o a_o church_n conventuall_a which_o lack_v a_o sovereign_a 4._o yet_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v that_o the_o parishioner_n be_v incorporate_a for_o the_o purchase_n of_o personal_a thing_n and_o that_o in_o regard_n of_o such_o capacity_n they_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o church_n itself_o as_o well_o as_o the_o parson_n and_o his_o successor_n in_o ancient_a time_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o church_n in_o the_o purchase_n of_o land_n and_o realty_n which_o may_v appear_v by_o this_o case_n land_n be_v devise_v to_o one_o for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o a_o other_o for_o term_n of_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o church_n of_o s._n andrew_n in_o holborn_n this_o be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v a_o good_a devise_n 27._o and_o this_o must_v needs_o go_v to_o the_o parson_n and_o his_o successor_n because_o the_o churchwarden_n and_o parishioner_n be_v never_o admit_v by_o law_n to_o purchase_v land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o church_n and_o belknappe_n say_v that_o the_o clothes_n of_o a_o dead_a man_n be_v find_v dead_a in_o the_o field_n do_v belong_v to_o his_o executor_n if_o he_o have_v make_v a_o will_n otherwise_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v deliver_v to_o the_o church_n for_o celebration_n of_o divine_a service_n for_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o dead_a for_o his_o meaning_n be_v as_o i_o take_v it_o that_o the_o ordinary_n shall_v intermeddle_v with_o they_o for_o the_o dispose_n of_o they_o 27._o and_o if_o a_o man_n take_v a_o coate-armor_n which_o hang_v over_o a_o dead_a man_n tomb_n in_o a_o church_n the_o enditement_n must_v be_v bona_fw-la executorum_fw-la of_o the_o dead_a man_n but_o if_o a_o grave-stone_n be_v take_v away_o the_o enditement_n must_v be_v bona_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la 495._o that_o the_o word_n or_o term_n use_v in_o book_n of_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v understand_v and_o apply_v as_o the_o law_n do_v expound_v and_o conceive_v they_o the_o eight_o chapter_n it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o a_o man_n to_o be_v skilful_a in_o any_o science_n unless_o he_o do_v perfect_o know_v the_o word_n which_o do_v occur_v and_o be_v often_o use_v in_o that_o science_n i_o do_v not_o mean_a word_n of_o art_n only_o which_o by_o lexicon_n and_o explanatorie_a book_n may_v easy_o be_v conceive_v but_o such_o as_o do_v import_n and_o concern_v the_o object_n of_o the_o science_n about_o which_o it_o be_v principal_o conversant_a to_o pursue_v therefore_o brief_o a_o interpretation_n of_o such_o word_n as_o in_o the_o law_n be_v material_a i_o take_v it_o not_o to_o be_v dissonant_n from_o order_n to_o begin_v with_o the_o diversity_n of_o law_n and_o to_o show_v how_o these_o word_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o law_n of_o nation_n the_o law_n civil_a the_o common_a law_n the_o statute_n law_n the_o customary_a law_n ius_fw-la merum_fw-la and_o aequum_fw-la et_fw-la bonum_fw-la be_v use_v in_o the_o law_n book_n and_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o so_o it_o may_v be_v know_v how_o and_o in_o what_o sort_n one_o law_n differ_v from_o a_o other_o and_o of_o what_o quality_n and_o condition_n that_o law_n be_v to_o which_o the_o student_n be_v addict_v or_o upon_o which_o he_o do_v ground_n his_o reason_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n therefore_o be_v that_o which_o the_o nature_n of_o nature_n or_o the_o god_n of_o nature_n of_o the_o philosopher_n call_v natura_fw-la naturaus_fw-la have_v catch_v all_o creature_n that_o have_v sense_n by_o the_o mediation_n of_o nature_n create_v of_o which_o they_o consist_v for_o this_o law_n be_v ground_v in_o the_o root_n and_o inward_a part_n of_o nature_n and_o therefore_o one_o say_v well_o habemus_fw-la non_fw-la scriptam_fw-la sed_fw-la natam_fw-la legem_fw-la quam_fw-la non_fw-la didicimus_fw-la sed_fw-la hausimus_fw-la this_o be_v according_a to_o justinian_n his_o definition_n in_o his_o institutes_n to_o who_o d._n hotoman_n may_v seem_v at_o the_o first_o to_o do_v injury_n by_o object_v that_o by_o this_o definition_n to_o eat_v to_o sleep_v to_o move_v and_o to_o rest_n be_v parcel_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o though_o this_o be_v answer_v by_o some_o 19_o that_o these_o thing_n be_v exclude_v from_o the_o definition_n by_o this_o word_n ius_fw-la yet_o what_o absurdity_n will_v follow_v if_o such_o thing_n shall_v be_v grant_v to_o be_v parcel_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n why_o not_o as_o well_o as_o the_o repulse_v of_o force_n which_o apparent_o proceed_v from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n for_o in_o truth_n there_o be_v no_o difference_n in_o the_o effect_n betwixt_o external_a force_n and_o the_o force_n which_o a_o live_a creature_n have_v sense_n shall_v do_v to_o itself_o if_o it_o shall_v not_o perform_v these_o aforesaid_a action_n of_o nature_n as_o to_o eat_v to_o sleep_v to_o move_v and_o to_o rest_n whereby_o nature_n be_v preserve_v and_o keep_v in_o time_n this_o be_v plain_a in_o man_n who_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v say_v to_o kill_v in_o deny_v nourishment_n to_o themselves_o or_o other_o whereby_o life_n and_o nature_n may_v be_v maintain_v and_o josephus_n write_v well_o that_o it_o be_v against_o the_o nature_n of_o live_a creature_n for_o any_o of_o they_o to_o kill_v itself_o 3._o but_o d._n hotom_n do_v further_a cavil_n follow_v his_o forefather_n valla_n that_o law_n can_v be_v apply_v to_o beast_n no_o more_o than_o injury_n may_v be_v do_v unto_o they_o to_o this_o may_v be_v reply_v that_o injury_n in_o some_o sense_n may_v be_v do_v unto_o they_o if_o injury_n be_v take_v for_o that_o quod_fw-la inre_fw-la non_fw-la fit_a which_o be_v not_o do_v according_a to_o that_o law_n that_o be_v prescribe_v unto_o they_o by_o nature_n but_o if_o it_o be_v do_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o nature_n though_o it_o differ_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o all_o other_o thing_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o injurious_a or_o unnatural_a for_o example_n all_o bird_n except_o the_o cuckoo_n do_v foster_n and_o bring_v up_o their_o young_a these_o do_v it_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n this_o do_v it_o not_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o yet_o do_v no_o injury_n to_o her_o young_a because_o she_o do_v it_o by_o the_o instinct_n and_o privilege_n of_o nature_n this_o law_n be_v of_o all_o most_o ancient_a be_v connaturall_a unto_o we_o and_o follow_v immediate_o and_o indissoluble_o the_o very_a principle_n of_o nature_n create_v be_v a_o even_o levill_a and_o most_o just_a law_n in_o itself_o though_o wrest_v and_o corrupt_v by_o the_o corruption_n of_o thing_n but_o in_o what_o kind_n so_o ever_o it_o be_v uniform_o execute_v it_o be_v without_o all_o blemish_n of_o unjustice_n as_o in_o mankind_n it_o be_v uniform_o apparent_a that_o every_o man_n be_v incline_v by_o nature_n to_o provide_v for_o posterity_n but_o when_o some_o provide_v too_o much_o some_o too_o little_a some_o with_o pinch_v from_o themselves_o some_o in_o seek_v to_o make_v their_o child_n far_o great_a than_o themselves_o this_o be_v not_o uniform_a this_o therefore_o be_v unjust_a neither_o
appear_v by_o that_o say_n of_o sallust_n sentence_v the_o proceed_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o a_o matter_n of_o estate_n fit_a reus_fw-la magis_fw-la aequo_fw-la bonoque_fw-la quam_fw-la jure_fw-la gentium_fw-la bomilcar_n comes_fw-la eius_fw-la qui_fw-la romam_fw-la â—ide_v publica_fw-la venerat_fw-la &_o this_o be_v not_o so_o much_o comprehend_v in_o writing_n as_o in_o the_o true_a understanding_n of_o that_o which_o be_v write_v it_o be_v necessary_a by_o the_o judgement_n of_o a_o other_o law_n which_o say_v etsi_fw-la nihil_fw-la facile_fw-la mutandum_fw-la est_fw-la ex_fw-la solennibus_fw-la tamen_fw-la ubi_fw-la aequitas_fw-la evidens_fw-la poscit_fw-la subveniendum_fw-la est_fw-la iur_fw-fr and_o again_o iustus_fw-la iudex_fw-la aequitatem_fw-la solutius_fw-la sequitur_fw-la relig_n this_o though_o it_o have_v place_n sometime_o in_o the_o precept_n rule_n and_o case_n of_o the_o civil_a and_o common_a law_n yet_o it_o have_v more_o affinity_n with_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o knot_n and_o intricate_a point_n of_o these_o aforesaid_a law_n now_o that_o we_o have_v discourse_v of_o these_o several_a law_n it_o remain_v that_o we_o shall_v show_v what_o thing_n be_v the_o principal_a object_n of_o the_o law_n which_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o two_o head_n for_o either_o they_o be_v real_a or_o personal_a that_o which_o be_v real_a be_v either_o land_n or_o that_o which_o issue_v out_o of_o land_n land_n be_v either_o firm_a and_o fix_a earth_n or_o that_o which_o be_v immediate_o and_o coherent_o annex_v to_o the_o earth_n as_o house_n by_o the_o difference_n of_o this_o division_n a_o pischarie_a or_o fish_v be_v exclude_v whether_o it_o be_v libera_fw-la piscaria_fw-la that_o be_v a_o liberty_n of_o fish_v in_o a_o other_o man_n pond_n or_o water_n which_o he_o have_v in_o common_a with_o other_o for_o xx_o person_n may_v have_v a_o fish_n after_o that_o sort_n in_o one_o river_n and_o it_o be_v therefore_o call_v libera_fw-la because_o none_o may_v disturb_v they_o to_o who_o the_o fish_n belong_v 7._o or_o seperalis_fw-la piscaria_fw-la which_o in_o our_o book_n have_v several_a signification_n for_o either_o it_o may_v signify_v a_o several_a fish_n which_o one_o man_n alone_o have_v in_o a_o other_o man_n soil_n 29._o or_o else_o where_o a_o man_n have_v a_o several_a fish_n to_o himself_o in_o his_o own_o ground_n and_o so_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n compound_v of_o water_n and_o of_o earth_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v say_v that_o where_o a_o grant_n be_v make_v of_o a_o stagne_fw-la or_o piscarie_v the_o land_n pass_v 79_o and_o in_o a_o formedon_n bring_v of_o a_o gorse_n which_o in_o latin_a be_v call_v gurges_fw-la a_o gulf_n or_o drepe_v yarmouth_n wherein_o fish_n be_v common_o take_v the_o demaundant_a shall_v recover_v the_o land_n and_o soil_n itself_o 34._o and_o it_o have_v be_v adjudge_v that_o a_o fish_n so_o take_v lie_v in_o tenure_n 44_o and_o a_o writ_n of_o aiell_n be_v bring_v of_o a_o fish_n as_o a_o thing_n lie_v in_o demesne_n 685_o and_o also_o of_o a_o stagne_fw-la or_o pool_n 861_o but_o it_o can_v be_v term_v land_n because_o the_o water_n be_v not_o coherent_o fire_v to_o the_o soil_n but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v of_o a_o acre_n of_o land_n which_o be_v cover_v with_o water_n for_o though_o that_o be_v overflow_v with_o water_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o natural_o overflow_v as_o a_o pond_n or_o fishe-poole_n be_v 4_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v say_v 12._o h._n 7._o that_o a_o man_n may_v have_v a_o praecipe_fw-la de_fw-fr una_fw-la acra_fw-la terrae_fw-la cum_fw-la aqua_fw-la cooperta_fw-la or_o de_fw-fr una_fw-la acraterrae_fw-la general_o at_o his_o election_n 4_o but_o a_o tenement_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v freehold_n except_o it_o touch_v the_o earth_n and_o therefore_o a_o chamber_n build_v upon_o a_o hallor_n parlour_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v freehold_n because_o it_o can_v be_v perpetual_a for_o the_o foundation_n may_v perish_v and_o for_o that_o cause_n it_o can_v be_v demand_v by_o plaint_n or_o writ_n 1â—_n yet_o 9_o e._n 4._o a_o exchange_n be_v make_v of_o land_n for_o a_o chamber_n 40._o but_o that_o prove_v it_o not_o to_o be_v freehold_n for_o a_o exchange_n may_v be_v of_o thing_n of_o diverse_a nature_n as_o of_o land_n for_o rent_n 10._o and_o so_o of_o a_o rent_n for_o a_o common_a 21._o a_o castle_n whether_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n either_o of_o itself_o or_o parcel_n of_o a_o seignory_n or_o manor_n may_v well_o be_v call_v land_n or_o freehold_n 36._o for_o though_o land_n may_v not_o be_v parcel_n of_o land_n no_o more_o than_o one_o leete_n or_o hundred_o may_v be_v parcel_n of_o a_o other_o 53._o yet_o land_n may_v be_v parcel_n of_o a_o manor_n 70._o and_o a_o park_n may_v be_v parcel_n of_o a_o manor_n 39_o and_o land_n may_v be_v parcel_n of_o a_o honor._n 60._o and_o of_o a_o castle_n 17._o it_o be_v now_o show_v what_o may_v proper_o be_v call_v land_n and_o it_o be_v not_o impertment_a to_o declare_v how_o many_o sort_n of_o land_n which_o we_o have_v before_o call_v firm_a ground_n may_v be_v demand_v by_o law_n of_o which_o the_o law_n have_v a_o several_a contemplation_n land_n therefore_o as_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o consideration_n of_o law_n be_v sixefold_a arua_fw-la florida_n consita_fw-la compascua_fw-la mineralis_fw-la in_fw-la frugifera_fw-la arua_fw-la be_v the_o arable_a ground_n which_o be_v till_v with_o the_o plough_n florida_n the_o garden_n ground_n which_o procreat_v flower_n herb_n &_o all_o such_o thing_n as_o the_o bee_n do_v feed_v upon_o consita_fw-la be_v the_o woody_a ground_n which_o be_v thorough_o replenish_v with_o tree_n plant_n shrub_n and_o such_o like_a compascua_fw-la be_v that_o which_o bring_v forth_o grass_n and_o fodder_n mineralis_fw-la be_v that_o wherein_o mine_n be_v conteign_v whether_o they_o be_v regal_a mine_n as_o mine_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n or_o base_a mine_n as_o brass_n lead_v copper_n tin_n coal_n or_o the_o like_a infrugifera_n be_v that_o which_o be_v barren_a and_o can_v be_v help_v by_o manurance_n as_o the_o soil_n where_o rush_n weed_n fern_n and_o such_o thing_n do_v grow_v and_o it_o be_v good_a to_o know_v the_o diversity_n of_o these_o several_a sort_n of_o ground_n that_o when_o such_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v demand_v by_o writ_n they_o may_v be_v demand_v by_o their_o proper_a name_n and_o kind_n and_o therefore_o if_o a_o feoffement_n be_v make_v of_o two_o rood_n of_o land_n and_o after_o a_o house_n be_v build_v there_o upon_o and_o part_n of_o it_o be_v become_v meadow_n parcel_n pasture_n ground_n and_o parcel_n wood_n the_o demand_n must_v be_v by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o house_n meadow_n pasture_n and_o wood_n 8._o and_o there_o be_v a_o writ_n in_o the_o register_n de_fw-fr minera_fw-la plumbi_fw-la &_o cuiuscunque_fw-la generis_fw-la metalli_fw-la cum_fw-la pertinentijs_fw-la 165_o and_o ruscaria_fw-la the_o soil_n where_o rush_n do_v grow_v must_v be_v demand_v by_o number_n of_o acre_n 9_o and_o where_o a_o stagne_fw-la have_v be_v or_o land_n cover_v with_o water_n if_o the_o water_n be_v turn_v out_o of_o the_o course_n or_o dry_a the_o land_n may_v be_v demand_v by_o the_o name_n of_o meadow_n 80._o that_o which_o issue_v out_o of_o land_n or_o the_o profit_n of_o land_n be_v of_o three_o sort_n natural_a industriall_a and_o artificial_a the_o natural_a profit_n of_o land_n be_v such_o as_o do_v rise_v by_o the_o force_n and_o benefit_n of_o nature_n principal_o and_o not_o by_o the_o diligence_n and_o labour_n of_o man_n as_o apple_n herb_n tree_n and_o such_o like_a industriall_a profit_n be_v such_o as_o do_v principal_o require_v the_o diligence_n and_o culture_n of_o man_n which_o unless_o it_o be_v continual_o apply_v natura_fw-la nihil_fw-la operatur_fw-la as_o corn_n hop_n woad_n saffron_n and_o such_o like_a artificial_a profit_n be_v these_o which_o be_v reserve_v grant_v or_o issue_v out_o of_o land_n by_o the_o act_n of_o man_n and_o the_o approbation_n of_o law_n as_o a_o common_a of_o pasture_n a_o warren_n a_o rent_n and_o thing_n of_o like_a sort_n common_a of_o pasture_n be_v of_o four_o sort_n appendant_a which_o be_v belong_v only_o to_o arable_a ground_n or_o to_o land_n that_o consist_v as_o well_o of_o arable_a ground_n as_o of_o other_o thing_n as_o a_o manor_n or_o measuage_v but_o the_o appendancy_n do_v principal_o grow_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o arable_a and_o therefore_o it_o belong_v to_o such_o beast_n only_o as_o do_v manure_n or_o marvel_v the_o ground_n as_o horse_n ox_n cow_n and_o sheep_n 34_o and_o if_o a_o man_n have_v common_a to_o certain_a arable_a land_n in_o one_o village_n he_o can_v use_v the_o common_a with_o beast_n that_o manure_v his_o arable_a in_o a_o other_o village_n 56_o and_o this_o aught_o
no_o relation_n to_o public_a profit_n legi_fw-la for_o hermogenes_n say_v well_o that_o every_o law_n be_v make_v for_o the_o good_a &_o profit_n of_o man_n homium_fw-la and_o plato_n say_v that_o a_o lawmaker_n ought_v to_o have_v regard_n of_o 3._o thing_n especial_o namely_o that_o the_o convenient_a liberty_n of_o the_o common_a weal_n may_v not_o be_v impeach_v by_o the_o law_n that_o they_o may_v preserve_v amity_n among_o the_o people_n &_o that_o they_o may_v furnish_v they_o with_o wisdom_n legi_fw-la wherefore_o they_o that_o despise_v law_n have_v no_o care_n of_o common_a profit_n caecin_n because_o they_o be_v make_v for_o common_a use_n legi_fw-la &_o without_o law_n which_o i_o interpret_v to_o be_v a_o order_n establish_v by_o authority_n neither_o house_n nor_o city_n nor_o nation_n nor_o mankind_n nor_o nature_n nor_o world_n can_v be_v legi_fw-la and_o therefore_o cicero_n say_v that_o our_o ancestor_n be_v of_o such_o virtue_n &_o wisdom_n that_o in_o make_v of_o their_o law_n they_o have_v no_o regard_n but_o of_o public_a good_a invent_v for_o they_o will_v not_o write_v any_o thing_n to_o hurt_v and_o if_o they_o have_v write_v any_o such_o thing_n it_o will_v have_v be_v reject_v as_o soon_o as_o it_o have_v be_v understand_v it_o be_v manifest_a therefore_o that_o the_o end_n at_o which_o the_o law_n do_v aim_n be_v the_o general_a advantage_n of_o common_a society_n in_o a_o just_a manner_n distribute_v and_o deal_v to_o every_o one_o for_o non_fw-la sufficit_fw-la bonum_fw-la fieri_fw-la nisi_fw-la bene_fw-la fiat_fw-la it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o do_v that_o which_o be_v good_a unless_o it_o be_v do_v in_o good_a sort_n and_o therefore_o let_v not_o any_o man_n which_o undertake_v this_o profession_n lie_v conscience_n aside_o for_o though_o the_o charge_n and_o calling_n be_v secular_a yet_o it_o must_v be_v religious_o handle_v for_o god_n be_v the_o author_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o revenger_n of_o the_o abuse_n thereof_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n 16._o say_v solomon_n be_v god_n his_o judgment_n and_o therefore_o if_o any_o man_n maintain_v any_o wrong_n by_o colour_n or_o pretence_n of_o law_n let_v he_o know_v that_o though_o man_n be_v hurt_v yet_o god_n be_v offend_v you_o do_v not_o execute_v the_o judgement_n of_o man_n 19_o but_o of_o god_n say_v josaphat_n god_n be_v the_o beholder_n and_o umpire_n of_o counsel_n and_o judgement_n and_o sure_o if_o a_o man_n do_v well_o discharge_v this_o weighty_a and_o excellent_a function_n there_o be_v no_o man_n of_o any_o religious_a habit_n or_o vocation_n in_o high_a place_n or_o great_a reckon_n with_o god_n so_o much_o the_o more_o be_v they_o to_o be_v reprove_v who_o exercise_n sychophancie_n fraud_n &_o caviling_n in_o the_o handle_n of_o cause_n be_v wrester_n of_o law_n and_o wringer_n of_o money_n who_o conquest_n in_o bad_a cause_n make_v they_o triumph_n as_o much_o as_o romulus_n do_v when_o he_o have_v kill_v his_o brother_n nay_o as_o atreus_n do_v when_o he_o have_v compass_v the_o death_n of_o his_o brother_n thyestes_n boast_v and_o glory_v thy._n nunc_fw-la parta_fw-la vera_fw-la est_fw-la palma_fw-la nunc_fw-la meas_fw-la laudo_fw-la manus_fw-la now_o have_v i_o get_v a_o honourable_a victory_n now_o i_o praise_v my_o handy_a work_n but_o they_o in_o who_o conscience_n bear_v stroke_n be_v far_o otherwise_o addict_v and_o shall_v be_v hereafter_o otherwise_o reward_v nay_o even_o in_o their_o life_n time_n do_v they_o possess_v the_o ensign_n of_o authority_n &_o dignity_n &_o by_o good_a right_n may_v they_o challenge_v many_o special_a favour_n immunity_n &_o indulgence_n constantine_n the_o emperor_n give_v to_o the_o professor_n of_o the_o imperial_a law_n full_a &_o perfect_a freedom_n from_o all_o collateral_a charge_n tax_n and_o other_o burden_n of_o the_o common_a weal_n medi._n and_o he_o decree_v also_o that_o certain_a yearly_a pension_n shall_v be_v pay_v unto_o they_o out_o of_o the_o treasury_n medicos_fw-la &_o the_o emperor_n valent._n will_v have_v they_o which_o by_o the_o space_n of_o xx_o year_n be_v professor_n of_o the_o law_n to_o be_v illustrate_v by_o the_o name_n of_o comites_fw-la a_o name_n of_o excellent_a dignity_n 15._o many_o other_o privilege_n &_o benefit_n be_v mention_v in_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o belong_v as_o well_o to_o studient_n as_o to_o professor_n and_o hereupon_o have_v that_o say_v his_o original_n that_o galenus_n open_v that_fw-mi sanctio_fw-la justiniana_n ex_fw-la alijs_fw-la paleas_fw-la ex_fw-la istis_fw-la collige_fw-la grana_fw-la institut_n neither_o have_v england_n be_v unkind_a or_o straight_o hand_v to_o man_n of_o that_o coat_n and_o calling_n for_o in_o old_a time_n as_o i_o find_v in_o m._n plowden_n who_o be_v credible_o infourm_v thereof_o there_o be_v four_o reporter_n of_o the_o case_n of_o law_n which_o be_v choose_v man_n and_o have_v a_o yearly_a stipend_n for_o their_o pain_n and_o travail_n therein_o pay_v by_o 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have_v ti_fw-mi to_o consist_v of_o the_o proper_a genus_fw-la and_o the_o proper_a difference_n as_o they_o term_v it_o without_o add_v any_o thing_n else_o but_o it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o it_o express_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n whereunto_o it_o be_v apply_v may_n may_v not_o these_o be_v admit_v for_o good_a definition_n a_o fair_a be_v a_o great_a market_n a_o market_n be_v a_o little_a fair_a a_o village_n be_v a_o multitude_n of_o house_n a_o county_n be_v a_o multitude_n of_o village_n do_v not_o these_o sufficient_o express_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o fair_a market_n village_n and_o county_n yet_o if_o they_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o touchstone_n of_o the_o logician_n they_o wruld_v be_v utter_o reject_v as_o not_o currant_n some_o do_v spend_v a_o whole_a decade_n of_o hour_n in_o do_v nothing_o else_o then_o seek_v out_o the_o proper_a genus_fw-la and_o difference_n of_o one_o only_a thing_n and_o when_o they_o have_v do_v they_o be_v scarce_o so_o wise_a as_o 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opinion_n of_o alciat_n ultim_fw-la their_o method_n be_v amongst_o other_o thing_n reprove_v or_o rather_o their_o want_n of_o method_n which_o exception_n want_v truth_n all_o book_n write_v of_o the_o law_n may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o four_o head_n either_o they_o be_v historical_a as_o the_o year_n book_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o zasius_n his_o counsel_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o which_o no_o method_n be_v requisite_a but_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o report_v the_o thing_n do_v and_o how_o they_o be_v do_v or_o explanatory_n as_o mast_n stamford_n his_o treatise_n of_o the_o prerogative_n and_o the_o discourse_n of_o diverse_a glossographer_n &_o commentor_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n wherein_o no_o strict_a method_n can_v be_v observe_v for_o the_o commentor_n must_v needs_o follow_v his_o author_n every_o way_n that_o he_o go_v and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o method_n in_o the_o one_o there_o can_v not_o just_o be_v any_o demand_n of_o the_o other_o for_o he_o that_o undertake_v to_o comment_n or_o to_o confute_v must_v apply_v himself_o whole_o to_o the_o course_n of_o his_o author_n or_o the_o adverse_a party_n and_o therefore_o scaliger_n say_v very_o apt_o to_o â—ardanus_fw-la sequor_fw-la te_fw-la non_fw-la quò_fw-la ducis_fw-la sed_fw-la quò_fw-la trahis_fw-la exercitati_fw-la or_o else_o they_o be_v miscellaneall_a and_o in_o such_o there_o need_v no_o method_n because_o thing_n of_o diverse_a sort_n and_o not_o depend_v the_o one_o upon_o the_o other_o be_v lay_v together_o and_o such_o be_v the_o abridgement_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o the_o pandectes_fw-la of_o the_o civil_a law_n or_o else_o they_o be_v monological_a be_v of_o one_o certain_a subject_n as_o m._n stamford_n his_o book_n entitle_v the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n ma._n lambards_n justice_n of_o peace_n who_o if_o any_o reprove_v for_o lack_v of_o method_n sure_o his_o judgement_n be_v out_o of_o order_n and_o that_o excellent_a book_n of_o albericus_fw-la gentilis_fw-la a_o civilian_n de_fw-fr legationibus_fw-la than_o which_o i_o have_v not_o see_v any_o thing_n do_v with_o more_o plausible_a artificial_a and_o exact_a method_n which_o as_o it_o be_v very_o hard_a for_o any_o to_o imitate_v so_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o he_o will_v in_o some_o other_o like_o treatife_n equal_a himself_o but_o yet_o a_o other_o objection_n have_v more_o favourer_n than_o the_o former_a must_v be_v awswer_v which_o be_v that_o the_o law_n be_v uncertain_a and_o that_o lawyer_n in_o their_o opinion_n and_o argument_n do_v great_o differ_v and_o dissent_v but_o here_o the_o matter_n be_v great_o mistake_v for_o the_o law_n itself_o which_o do_v consist_v of_o agreeable_a conclusion_n and_o of_o the_o judgement_n awarde_n and_o opinion_n to_o which_o reason_n and_o truth_n have_v subscribe_v be_v not_o uncertain_a howbeit_a they_o which_o do_v argue_v of_o new_a question_n and_o cause_n never_o hear_v off_o before_o or_o such_o as_o for_o their_o great_a difficultye_n have_v not_o yet_o be_v decide_v do_v in_o argument_n contend_v among_o themselves_o but_o that_o which_o move_v disputation_n be_v not_o the_o obscurity_n or_o doubtful_a understanding_n of_o the_o law_n but_o the_o quality_n and_o circumstance_n of_o the_o person_n of_o the_o action_n and_o accident_n of_o the_o time_n the_o place_n the_o antecedent_n and_o consequent_n and_o though_o reason_n be_v oppose_v to_o reason_n and_o circumstance_n to_o circumstance_n yet_o the_o law_n be_v never_o oppose_v to_o itself_o and_o if_o a_o man_n will_v condemn_v a_o art_n because_o the_o professor_n and_o practiser_n be_v diverse_a in_o opinion_n sure_o there_o be_v no_o art_n nor_o science_n which_o will_v be_v free_a from_o condemnation_n go_v to_o the_o historiographer_n who_o shall_v report_v the_o truth_n of_o every_o thing_n you_o shall_v find_v they_o at_o great_a odds_n lyvie_a against_o polybius_n plutarche_n against_o
will_v require_v that_o a_o lie_n by_o any_o distinction_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o the_o truth_n the_o principal_a mean_a to_o inquire_v after_o the_o truth_n of_o every_o thing_n be_v to_o examine_v of_o two_o or_o more_o contrary_a reason_n whether_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o which_o be_v plausible_a to_o common_a understanding_n be_v term_v probable_a and_o when_o the_o word_n of_o a_o covenant_n or_o devise_n be_v clear_a &_o manifest_a we_o follow_v the_o literal_a sense_n of_o they_o without_o far_a investigation_n because_o in_o thing_n that_o be_v certain_a and_o apparent_a there_o be_v no_o place_n for_o conjecture_v but_o when_o the_o word_n be_v obscure_a or_o when_o some_o thing_n be_v omit_v lest_o the_o grant_n covenaunt_n or_o devise_n do_v fail_v we_o have_v always_o recourse_n to_o that_o which_o be_v more_o probable_a and_o we_o imagine_v that_o more_o be_v speak_v then_o write_v and_o more_o intend_a then_o utter_v and_o it_o be_v not_o convenient_a that_o in_o the_o affair_n of_o man_n the_o interpretation_n which_o depend_v upon_o probable_a conjecture_n shall_v be_v exclude_v 3._o a_o thing_n may_v be_v probable_a many_o way_n first_o 26._o by_o the_o common_a use_n of_o speech_n jure_fw-la second_o by_o compare_v the_o consequent_a with_o the_o antecedent_n three_o by_o the_o circumstance_n of_o a_o man_n action_n four_a by_o the_o concordance_n or_o agreement_n with_o the_o law_n because_o every_o one_o be_v intend_v to_o comforme_v his_o will_n according_a to_o law_n unless_o the_o contrary_n be_v prove_v locat_fw-la but_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o where_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n do_v fail_v the_o law_n itself_o do_v fail_v infer_v and_o word_n be_v invent_v that_o they_o may_v show_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o party_n therefore_o we_o must_v not_o regard_v that_o which_o be_v probable_a but_o that_o which_o the_o word_n do_v sound_a causam_fw-la to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v no_o depart_n from_o the_o word_n and_o from_o the_o true_a property_n unless_o there_o be_v apparent_a proof_n of_o a_o other_o meaning_n 3._o but_o where_o a_o other_o meaning_n do_v appear_v there_o the_o tongue_n yield_v to_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o word_n do_v give_v place_n to_o the_o meaning_n rescript_n the_o word_n only_o in_o such_o case_n be_v not_o to_o be_v regard_v but_o we_o must_v consider_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o person_n quantity_n quality_n place_n time_n precedent_n consequent_n and_o other_o circumstance_n sign_n and_o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o the_o word_n fail_v the_o law_n do_v fail_v it_o be_v true_a unless_o there_o be_v some_o secret_a intent_n of_o the_o law_n to_o the_o contrary_n donat_fw-la the_o ground_n whereof_o be_v probability_n and_o though_o a_o man_n sense_n and_o meaning_n be_v declare_v by_o his_o word_n 7._o yet_o because_o there_o be_v more_o thing_n which_o we_o think_v than_o which_o we_o speak_v or_o write_v the_o speech_n of_o a_o man_n be_v not_o always_o the_o touchstone_n of_o the_o mind_n but_o the_o concurrence_n of_o circumstance_n and_o though_o a_o man_n word_n ought_v to_o be_v take_v most_o strong_o against_o he_o 54._o yet_o they_o be_v well_o to_o be_v sift_v &_o examine_v eod_a lest_o the_o interpretation_n be_v too_o burdenous_a in_o some_o case_n 105._o and_o so_o unjust_a against_o the_o party_n a_o man_n speech_n do_v consist_v of_o word_n and_o meaning_n even_o as_o a_o man_n himself_o do_v consi_v of_o body_n and_o soul_n or_o to_o make_v the_o matter_n more_o plaiâ—e_a the_o word_n be_v but_o the_o superficies_n and_o the_o intent_n or_o meaning_n be_v the_o substance_n tut_o and_o the_o law_n trace_v the_o meaning_n of_o a_o man_n by_o the_o circumstance_n even_o as_o the_o hunter_n trace_v the_o hare_n by_o the_o print_n of_o his_o foot_n 2._o yet_o i_o will_v not_o that_o a_o man_n deed_n or_o act_n in_o the_o country_n shall_v be_v make_v frustrate_a by_o some_o jewish_a or_o mystical_a interpretation_n but_o such_o a_o intendment_n must_v be_v take_v as_o the_o word_n be_v compareâ—_n with_o circumstance_n will_v yield_v for_o word_n be_v not_o by_o violence_n to_o be_v rack_v but_o by_o circumstance_n to_o be_v rule_v and_o we_o must_v always_o so_o interpret_v that_o a_o man_n right_n may_v be_v uphold_v but_o it_o may_v be_v further_o object_v that_o in_o grant_n and_o contract_n and_o in_o other_o private_a affair_n casus_fw-la omissus_fw-la habetur_fw-la pro_fw-la omisso_fw-la matâ—im_fw-la and_o the_o inteâ—â—ion_n or_o meaning_n of_o a_o man_n which_o be_v not_o apparent_a and_o manifest_a be_v as_o a_o child_n unborn_a which_o be_v of_o no_o account_n till_o he_o be_v bring_v to_o light_v 9_o for_o a_o man_n speech_n be_v a_o external_a act_n which_o be_v ordain_v for_o the_o declaration_n of_o his_o inward_a meaning_n legate_n and_o therefore_o word_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o limit_n of_o our_o meaning_n 2._o to_o answer_v direct_o these_o word_n casus_fw-la omissus_fw-la etc._n etc._n be_v to_o be_v understand_v only_o in_o such_o case_n where_o a_o thing_n be_v omit_v both_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o not_o express_v of_o it_o and_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o not_o imply_v it_o but_o where_o the_o law_n will_v uphold_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o party_n there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o word_n and_o though_o word_n be_v invent_v that_o they_o may_v express_v our_o thought_n yet_o by_o they_o only_o our_o meaning_n be_v not_o signify_v but_o there_o be_v other_o sign_n quaest_n namely_o the_o circumstance_n before_o the_o act_n in_o the_o act_n and_o after_o the_o act_n thus_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o best_a and_o most_o probable_a reason_n in_o the_o conflict_n of_o opposite_a argument_n be_v to_o be_v seek_v for_o by_o the_o student_n and_o how_o it_o may_v be_v find_v 4_o the_o best_a interpreter_n of_o the_o law_n be_v common_a reason_n and_o intendment_n will_v wherefore_o if_o any_o one_o man_n opinion_n do_v differ_v from_o common_a reason_n let_v the_o student_n avoid_v it_o neither_o be_v such_o thing_n without_o cause_n to_o be_v alter_v which_o have_v always_o heretofore_o receive_v a_o certain_a interpretation_n legi_fw-la neither_o be_v the_o common_a law_n any_o other_o thing_n than_o a_o determinate_a order_n establish_v and_o ratify_v by_o common_a consent_n wherefore_o bodinus_fw-la say_v not_o well_o who_o put_v this_o difference_n betwixt_o a_o law_n and_o a_o custom_n in_o that_o a_o custom_n be_v accept_v by_o the_o plausible_a agreement_n of_o the_o multitude_n but_o a_o law_n spring_v up_o in_o a_o moment_n 10._o and_o be_v command_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o rular_a many_o time_n against_o the_o like_n of_o they_o that_o be_v bind_v by_o it_o for_o common_a law_n be_v that_o which_o be_v make_v and_o approve_v by_o common_a allowance_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v law_n because_o it_o be_v common_o use_v for_o law_n wherefore_o athenaeus_n 22._o and_o 6._o polybius_n do_v upon_o good_a ground_n &_o reason_n reprove_v the_o law_n of_o plato_n because_o no_o nation_n of_o greece_n can_v be_v persuade_v to_o use_v they_o but_o as_o plato_n feign_v law_n so_o he_o may_v likewise_o feign_v man_n to_o use_v they_o therefore_o horace_n say_v right_o quid_fw-la leges_fw-la sine_fw-la moribus_fw-la vanae_fw-la proficiunt_fw-la law_n without_o use_n be_v vain_a and_o profit_v not_o 24._o but_o here_o it_o be_v good_a for_o the_o student_n to_o be_v assure_v of_o what_o nature_n &_o quality_n the_o thing_n be_v which_o i_o call_v common_a reason_n or_o intendment_n for_o that_o may_v seem_v to_o offer_v doubt_n whether_o we_o ought_v to_o ascribe_v common_a reason_n and_o opinion_n to_o the_o number_n of_o author_n or_o to_o the_o worthiness_n of_o they_o or_o to_o the_o persuasion_n of_o reason_n which_o do_v concludenter_fw-la demonstrare_fw-la to_o the_o sense_n &_o understanding_n of_o the_o most_o part_n of_o man_n of_o indifferent_a capacity_n i_o will_v have_v common_a opinion_n take_v according_a to_o this_o last_o branch_n 5_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v odious_a in_o law_n must_v be_v restrain_v &_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v favourable_a must_v be_v enlarge_v private_a custom_n be_v odious_a in_o the_o eye_n of_o law_n &_o whatsoever_o swerve_v from_o common_a right_n posth_n for_o the_o common_a law_n be_v frame_v in_o favour_n of_o public_a tranquillity_n &_o therefore_o the_o departure_n from_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v account_v odious_a legib_n the_o law_n be_v more_o prone_a to_o acquit_v then_o to_o condemn_v act_n and_o because_o it_o be_v better_a with_o the_o restraint_n of_o a_o odious_a constitution_n to_o absolve_v one_o that_o be_v guilty_a then_o with_o the_o enlarge_n &_o amplify_a of_o it_o to_o condemn_v one_o that_o be_v innocent_a paenis_fw-la therefore_o there_o be_v nothing_o that_o require_v more_o diligence_n
he_o have_v a_o property_n modo_fw-la et_fw-la forma_fw-la against_o the_o baylor_n himself_o or_o lessour_n and_o may_v have_v a_o action_n against_o he_o for_o take_v they_o away_o within_o the_o time_n 14._o 2_o and_o as_o the_o property_n of_o thing_n may_v be_v particular_a or_o general_a so_o likewise_o it_o may_v be_v joint_a or_o several_a a_o joint_a property_n be_v where_o two_o or_o more_o be_v joint_o interest_v in_o a_o thing_n a_o several_a property_n when_o they_o have_v several_a intereste_n in_o several_a thing_n and_o therefore_o where_o the_o property_n or_o right_n in_o good_n and_o chattel_n be_v joint_a there_o the_o action_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o try_v the_o property_n must_v not_o be_v several_a and_o therefore_o in_o a_o write_v of_o ravishment_n of_o a_o ward_n the_o defendant_n say_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v nothing_o in_o the_o seygniorie_n but_o only_o in_o common_a with_o such_o a_o one_o and_o this_o be_v hold_v a_o good_a plea_n without_o say_v that_o he_o have_v nothing_o in_o the_o ward_n in_o severaltie_n or_o without_o show_v how_o he_o hold_v in_o common_a in_o parcenarie_a or_o by_o jointenauncie_n 7._o and_o so_o if_o the_o property_n be_v several_a the_o action_n must_v not_o be_v joint_a but_o several_a and_o therefore_o if_o in_o a_o write_v of_o replevine_a bring_v by_o two_o for_o certain_a beast_n if_o the_o property_n of_o some_o of_o the_o beast_n belong_v to_o one_o of_o they_o only_o and_o the_o property_n of_o some_o of_o the_o beast_n to_o the_o other_o the_o write_v shall_v abate_v 15._o thus_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o law_n do_v maintain_v and_o uphold_v the_o joint_n and_o several_a property_n of_o thing_n without_o which_o the_o common_a weal_n can_v not_o consist_v now_o let_v we_o consider_v how_o the_o community_n of_o thing_n be_v likewise_o respect_v by_o law_n 3_o a_o man_n may_v observe_v and_o deduce_v his_o account_n from_o former_a time_n that_o it_o have_v be_v think_v very_o necessary_a and_o convenient_a that_o mutual_a commerce_n and_o traffic_v betwixt_o nation_n and_o nation_n shall_v be_v entertain_v &_o continue_v legib_n and_o therefore_o plato_n wise_o admonish_v peregrinorum_fw-la commercia_fw-la respub_fw-la né_fw-fr aversetur_fw-la and_o amásis_n the_o egyptian_a king_n be_v so_o glad_a of_o the_o commerce_n and_o resort_n of_o stranger_n that_o he_o grant_v to_o the_o grecian_a merchant_n be_v mere_a alien_n the_o use_n and_o exercise_v of_o their_o rite_n and_o religion_n in_o their_o own_o language_n and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o stranger_n may_v more_o commodious_o practice_v their_o negociation_n in_o that_o realm_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a place_n appoint_v in_o that_o kingdom_n namely_o naucrate_v for_o the_o receipt_n of_o foreign_a ware_n 2._o which_o course_n be_v great_o approve_v by_o aristotle_n who_o opinion_n be_v that_o a_o principal_a city_n must_v be_v erect_v in_o some_o convenient_a place_n whereto_o thing_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o this_o life_n may_v be_v abundant_o convey_v and_o to_o which_o there_o may_v be_v easy_a pass_v for_o they_o that_o be_v in_o league_n wâ—th_v we_o and_o hard_o for_o other_o 5._o and_o therefore_o say_v he_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v situate_a near_o to_o the_o sea_n 5._o and_o doubtless_o just_a be_v the_o quarrel_n and_o complaint_n of_o the_o people_n of_o megara_n against_o the_o athenian_n who_o have_v utter_o bar_v and_o seclude_v they_o from_o their_o haven_n and_o from_o all_o mart_a with_o they_o peric_n for_o he_o which_o break_v and_o dissolve_v the_o reciprocal_a intercourse_n of_o nation_n be_v a_o enemy_n to_o the_o society_n of_o mankind_n and_o strabo_n in_o his_o last_o book_n note_v it_o as_o the_o property_n of_o the_o barbarian_n to_o repulse_v and_o keep_v out_o of_o their_o territory_n all_o stranger_n which_o custom_n be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n what_o a_o great_a point_n of_o inhumanity_n be_v it_o to_o deny_v they_o the_o sea_n which_o by_o nature_n be_v open_a to_o all_o 14._o yea_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v as_o common_a as_o the_o use_n of_o the_o air_n 3._o and_o all_o creature_n may_v claim_v the_o free_a use_n of_o that_o as_o may_v appear_v by_o that_o â—aying_n of_o daedalus_n omnia_fw-la possideat_fw-la non_fw-la possidet_fw-la aera_fw-la minos_n metamorph._n though_o minos_n all_o thing_n do_v possess_v the_o air_n be_v not_o his_o own_o and_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v by_o nature_n common_a to_o all_o as_o neralius_n say_v domini_fw-la and_o though_o empire_n and_o kingdom_n be_v divide_v yet_o the_o use_n of_o such_o thing_n remain_v still_o in_o common_a and_o therefore_o the_o say_n of_o maro_n in_o the_o person_n of_o one_o of_o his_o traveiler_n be_v utter_v with_o good_a reason_n quod_fw-la genus_fw-la hoc_fw-la hominum_fw-la quaeve_fw-la hunc_fw-la tam_fw-la barbara_fw-la moreâ—_n permittit_fw-la patria_fw-la hospitio_fw-la prohibemur_fw-la arenae_fw-la but_o yet_o to_o enemy_n because_o in_o they_o the_o league_n of_o friendship_n do_v fail_v the_o right_a of_o fellowship_n shall_v not_o be_v grant_v for_o gross_o be_v they_o deceive_v who_o will_v without_o restraint_n have_v all_o thing_n common_a of_o which_o error_n the_o anabaptist_n be_v patron_n and_o do_v endeavour_n to_o ground_v their_o error_n upon_o scripture_n but_o false_o for_o abraham_n and_o the_o patriarch_n be_v man_n of_o great_a riches_n josua_n do_v public_o and_o private_o distribnte_v his_o good_n to_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n there_o be_v in_o solomon_n precept_n of_o the_o propriety_n of_o thing_n and_o god_n will_v not_o have_v say_v thou_o shall_v not_o steal_v if_o he_o will_v have_v have_v all_o thing_n common_a for_o to_o steal_v be_v to_o take_v away_o good_n wherein_o other_o have_v a_o property_n and_o therefore_o theft_n be_v say_v to_o be_v contrectatio_fw-la rei_fw-la alienae_n animo_fw-la furandi_fw-la invito_fw-la illo_fw-la cvius_fw-la illa_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la 24._o 3_o but_o yet_o the_o rule_n of_o charity_n and_o society_n require_v that_o some_o thing_n shall_v be_v in_o regard_n of_o use_n and_o benefit_n common_a to_o other_o and_o therefore_o by_o custom_n of_o country_n and_o by_o law_n the_o offspring_n of_o these_o custom_n the_o earth_n be_v in_o part_n appropriate_v unto_o some_o and_o in_o part_n participate_v and_o make_v common_a to_o other_o therefore_o the_o common_a law_n do_v well_o allow_v and_o maintain_v the_o common_a use_n of_o certain_a thing_n as_o namely_o the_o use_n of_o fish_v in_o another_o man_n pond_n 4._o of_o pasture_n for_o his_o beast_n in_o a_o other_o man_n soil_n 51._o of_o take_v of_o a_o estover_n or_o maintenance_n of_o wood_n in_o another_o man_n grove_n dy._n of_o have_v a_o franchise_n and_o liberty_n in_o a_o other_o man_n manor_n or_o seignory_n 43._o and_o last_o of_o have_v a_o way_n through_o a_o other_o man_n ground_n 11._o 4_o some_o thing_n there_o be_v the_o property_n whereof_o the_o law_n can_v not_o vest_n in_o any_o and_o therefore_o it_o leave_v they_o to_o the_o occupant_a that_o be_v in_o plain_a term_n to_o he_o that_o can_v seize_v they_o as_o thing_n which_o be_v by_o nature_n ferae_fw-la naturae_fw-la as_o beast_n bird_n or_o fish_n be_v in_o their_o own_o liberty_n and_o as_o to_o the_o property_n it_o be_v not_o material_a whether_o they_o be_v take_v in_o a_o man_n own_o ground_n or_o in_o a_o other_o man_n and_o such_o thing_n be_v his_o no_o long_o than_o they_o be_v in_o his_o possession_n or_o custodye_n for_o when_o they_o have_v escape_v and_o recover_v their_o natural_a and_o pristinate_a liberty_n than_o they_o cease_v to_o be_v his_o but_o then_o the_o law_n understand_v such_o thing_n to_o have_v recover_v their_o natural_a liberty_n when_o they_o be_v either_o past_o the_o view_n or_o else_o be_v in_o view_n they_o be_v hard_a to_o be_v follow_v and_o recover_v the_o nature_n of_o bee_n be_v wild_a and_o therefore_o when_o a_o swarm_n of_o they_o light_v upon_o thy_o tree_n they_o be_v no_o more_o thou_o before_o they_o be_v cover_v with_o thy_o hive_n 2._o than_o hawk_n which_o have_v make_v their_o nest_n in_o some_o of_o thy_o tree_n or_o dove_n in_o thy_o dove-house_n for_o though_o the_o young_a bird_n be_v thou_o whereof_o thou_o may_v bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n quare_fw-la vi_fw-la &_o armis_fw-la pullos_fw-la esperueriorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la in_o bosco_fw-la indificantium_fw-la or_o columbas_fw-la columbaris_fw-la svi_fw-la caepit_fw-la which_o writ_n be_v not_o only_o maintenable_a when_o the_o dove-house_n be_v break_v or_o the_o door_n open_a and_o the_o young_a dove_n be_v take_v out_o of_o their_o nest_n but_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n will_v also_o lie_v for_o the_o trouble_v or_o hurt_v of_o the_o old_a dove_n within_o the_o dove-house_n though_o they_o be_v ferae_fw-la naturae_fw-la as_o well_o as_o for_o chase_v &_o