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this_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o constantius_n marcellin_n julian_n emperor_n am._n marcellin_n julian_n the_o apostate_n who_o set_v up_o for_o emperor_n in_o competition_n with_o constantius_n drive_v palladius_n one_o of_o his_o great_a officer_n out_o of_o britain_n and_o send_v away_o alipius_n who_o be_v praefect_n in_o the_o same_o island_n to_o jerusalem_n to_o rebuild_v it_o where_o such_o strange_a flash_n of_o fire_n break_v out_o near_o the_o foundation_n as_o deter_v they_o from_o that_o attempt_n and_o many_o thousand_o jew_n who_o be_v forward_o in_o advance_v that_o work_n in_o opposition_n to_o the_o decree_n of_o providence_n be_v overwhelm_v in_o the_o rubbish_n this_o dissolute_a emperor_n and_o pretend_a philosopher_n dare_v not_o as_o it_o be_v already_o observe_v come_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o oppress_a britain_n though_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o extort_a every_o year_n great_a quantity_n of_o corn_n for_o the_o support_n of_o his_o german_a army_n 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punish_v these_o insolence_n if_o good_a fortune_n shall_v put_v it_o in_o
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honoriaci_n these_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o that_o tyrant_n constantine_n southampton_n constantine_n see_v a_o more_o distinct_a account_n of_o his_o election_n and_o action_n give_v by_o mr._n camden_n in_o the_o county_n of_o southampton_n who_o be_v elect_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o his_o name_n lay_v open_v the_o pass_v of_o the_o pyrenees_n and_o let_v the_o barbarian_n into_o spain_n and_o at_o length_n have_v first_o by_o themselves_o and_o after_o with_o the_o scot_n their_o ally_n infest_a this_o province_n of_o the_o roman_n they_o begin_v to_o civilize_v those_o of_o the_o south_n be_v convert_v to_o christianity_n by_o ninia_n or_o ninianus_n the_o britain_n â—ede_fw-la â—ede_fw-la a_o very_a holy_a man_n about_o the_o year_n 430._o but_o those_o of_o the_o north_n who_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o other_o by_o a_o craggy_a ridge_n of_o high_a mountain_n by_o columbanus_n a_o scot_n of_o ireland_n and_o a_o monk_n also_o of_o singular_a holiness_n in_o the_o year_n 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albion_n or_o whether_o it_o may_v not_o come_v from_o albedo_n whiteness_n for_o that_o they_o call_v ban_n so_o that_o ellanban_n may_v be_v as_o much_o in_o scotch_a as_o a_o white_a island_n or_o whether_o it_o may_v not_o come_v out_o of_o ireland_n which_o be_v call_v by_o their_o poet_n banno_fw-la and_o so_o allabany_n be_v as_o much_o either_o as_o another_o ireland_n or_o a_o second_o ireland_n for_o historian_n call_v ireland_n â—cotia_fw-la major_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o scot_n in_o britain_n scotiae_fw-la minor_n moreover_o see_v the_o scot_n call_v themselves_o in_o their_o own_o language_n alvin_n alvinus_fw-la albin_n and_o alvinus_fw-la whence_o blondus_n have_v name_v they_o scoti_n albienses_n or_o albinenses_n and_o buchanan_n albini_n let_v the_o critic_n consider_v whether_o that_o in_o s._n jerom_n where_o he_o inveigh_v against_o a_o certain_a pelagian_a a_o scotchman_n shall_v not_o be_v read_v albinum_n for_o alpinum_fw-la aâ—pinus_n a_o alpine_a dog_n s._n aâ—â—â—n_o a_o 〈◊〉_d the_o maâ—â—yrologie_n 〈◊〉_d sâ—pâ—_n be_v call_v aâ—pinus_n when_o he_o call_v he_o a_o alpine_a dâ—g_n huge_a and_o corpulent_a who_o can_v do_v more_o mischief_n with_o his_o hâ—â—ls_n than_o with_o his_o britannia_fw-la saxonica_n tooth_n for_o he_o be_v the_o offspring_n of_o the_o scotch_a nation_n border_v upon_o britain_n and_o he_o say_v in_o another_o place_n he_o be_v overgrow_v with_o scotch_a browis_n i_o do_v not_o remember_v that_o ever_o i_o read_v of_o alpine_a dog_n in_o any_o author_n but_o that_o the_o hamshire_n the_o of_o what_o great_a value_n the_o british_a dog_n be_v our_o author_n have_v show_v at_o large_a in_o hamshire_n scotch_a dog_n be_v then_o famous_a at_o rome_n as_o appear_v from_o symmachus_n seven_o scotch_a dog_n say_v he_o be_v so_o admire_v at_o rome_n die_fw-la scotch_a â—ogs_n l._n 2._o â—pist_v â—76_n praeâ—â—â—nis_fw-la die_fw-la the_o day_n before_o the_o play_n that_o they_o think_v they_o bring_v over_o in_o iron-cage_n but_o when_o the_o scot_n 280._o scot_n of_o the_o first_o come_v of_o the_o scot_n into_o britain_n see_v stillingfleet_n orig._n britann_n p._n 280._o come_v into_o britain_n to_o the_o pict_n though_o they_o provoke_v the_o britain_n with_o continual_a skirmish_n and_o ravages_n yet_o the_o scotch-state_n come_v not_o immediate_o to_o a_o full_a growth_n but_o continue_v a_o long_a time_n in_o that_o corner_n where_o they_o first_o arrive_v nor_o do_v they_o as_o bede_n say_v for_o the_o space_n of_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o seven_o year_n 〈◊〉_d â—b_fw-la 1._o cap._n 〈◊〉_d take_v the_o field_n against_o the_o petty_a king_n of_o northumberland_n till_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n they_o have_v almost_o quite_o rout_v the_o pict_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n be_v utter_o destroy_v by_o civil_a war_n and_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o dane_n for_o then_o all_o the_o north_n part_n of_o britain_n fall_v under_o the_o name_n of_o scotland_n together_o with_o that_o inner_a country_n on_o this_o side_n the_o cluid_a and_o edinburgh_n frith_n for_o that_o this_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n â—de_n â—de_n and_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o saxon_n be_v universal_o agree_v upon_o by_o which_o mean_v it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o east_n part_n of_o scotland_n call_v lowland-man_n as_o live_v low_a be_v original_o saxon_n and_o speak_v english_a but_o that_o such_o as_o live_v towards_o the_o west_n call_v highland-man_n from_o their_o high_a situation_n be_v real_a scot_n and_o speak_v irish_a as_o we_o observe_v before_o be_v mortal_a enemy_n to_o those_o lowlander_n that_o speak_v english_a that_o the_o attacotti_n â—ttacotti_n â—ttacotti_n a_o warlike_a nation_n do_v infest_v britain_n along_o with_o the_o scot_n we_o have_v the_o authority_n of_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n and_o that_o these_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o scotch_a nation_n be_v the_o opinion_n of_o h._n lhuid_n but_o how_o true_a i_o know_v not_o joviaâ—n_o 2._o conâ—_n joviaâ—n_o st._n jerom_n express_o call_v they_o a_o british_a people_n who_o tell_v we_o that_o when_o he_o be_v young_a probable_o in_o the_o emperor_n julian_n time_n he_o see_v in_o france_n the_o attacotti_n a_o british_a people_n feed_v upon_o man_n flesh_n and_o when_o they_o find_v in_o the_o wood_n drove_n of_o hog_n herd_n of_o beast_n or_o sheep_n that_o they_o use_v to_o cut_v off_o the_o buttock_n of_o the_o herdsman_n and_o the_o pap_n of_o the_o woman_n and_o look_v upon_o these_o as_o the_o rich_a dainty_n for_o here_o we_o be_v to_o read_v attacotti_n upon_o the_o authority_n of_o manuscript_n and_o not_o scoti_n with_o erasmus_n who_o at_o the_o same_o time_n own_v the_o place_n to_o be_v faulty_a though_o i_o must_v confess_v in_o one_o manuscript_n it_o be_v attigotti_n in_o another_o catacotti_n cattiganci_n vincentius_n in_o his_o speculum_fw-la readâ—_n it_o attigotti_n i_o aethicus_n geography_n they_o be_v read_v cattiganci_n and_o in_o a_o three_o cattiti_fw-la but_o of_o the_o scot_n it_o can_v as_o it_o be_v common_o be_v understand_v for_o jerom_n in_o that_o place_n speak_v of_o the_o custom_n of_o several_a nation_n begin_v the_o sentence_n immediate_o follow_v thus_o the_o scotch_a nation_n have_v no_o wife_n peculiar_a to_o single_a man_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o another_o place_n where_o jerom_n mention_n the_o attacotti_n erasmus_n put_v in_o the_o room_n of_o it_o azoti_fw-la these_o as_o we_o learn_v from_o the_o notitia_fw-la be_v stipendiaries_n in_o the_o decline_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n for_o they_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o palatine-aid_n in_o gaul_n attecotti_n juniores_fw-la gallicani_n and_o attecotti_n honoriani_n seniores_fw-la and_o in_o italy_n attecotti_n honoriani_n juniores_fw-la by_o this_o addition_n of_o honoriani_n they_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v some_o of_o those_o barbarian_n that_o honorius_n the_o emperor_n receive_v into_o league_n and_o list_v they_o in_o his_o army_n not_o without_o great_a damage_n to_o the_o empire_n among_o the_o nation_n that_o make_v incursion_n into_o britain_n the_o ambrones_n ambrones_n ambrones_n be_v reckon_v up_o by_o john_n caius_n one_o who_o have_v employ_v his_o time_n upon_o the_o best_a study_n and_o to_o who_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o learning_n be_v extreme_o indebt_v upon_o read_v these_o word_n in_o that_o part_n of_o gildas_n where_o he_o treat_v of_o the_o picâ—s_n and_o scot_n those_o former_a enemy_n like_v so_o many_o lupi_fw-la many_o ambrones_n lupi_fw-la ravenous_a wolf_n enrage_v with_o extremity_n of_o hunger_n and_o thirst_n leap_v over_o the_o sheepfold_n and_o the_o shepherd_n not_o appear_v carry_v with_o the_o wing_n of_o oar_n the_o arm_n of_o rower_n and_o sail_n drive_v forward_o by_o the_o wind_n break_v through_o and_o butcher_v all_o they_o come_v near_o here_o the_o good_a oâ—d_a man_n remember_v that_o he_o have_v read_v in_o festus_n how_o the_o ambrones_n pour_v into_o italy_n along_o with_o the_o cimbrian_o but_o then_o he_o have_v forget_v that_o ambro_n as_o isidore_n observe_v signify_v a_o devourer_n and_o neither_o gildas_n nor_o geâ—ffrey_n of_o monmouth_n who_o call_v the_o saxon_n ambrones_n use_v the_o word_n in_o any_o other_o sense_n nor_o have_v i_o ever_o find_v in_o any_o ancient_a author_n that_o there_o be_v other_o ambrones_n that_o invade_v britain_n the_o english-saxons_a â—ons_fw-fr â—glish_fw-fr â—ons_fw-fr when_o the_o roman_a empire_n under_o valentinian_n the_o young_a be_v decline_v and_o britain_n both_o 288._o both_o it_o be_v most_o of_o all_o exhaust_v by_o the_o proceed_n of_o maximus_n who_o be_v set_v up_o emperor_n by_o the_o soldiery_n in_o britain_n to_o secure_v himself_o against_o gratian_n anâ—_n valentinian_n carry_v over_o the_o flower_n of_o the_o bâ—itains_n and_o will_v not_o let_v they_o return_v home_o see_v ninnius_n cap._n 23._o stillingfl_fw-mi orig._n brit._n p._n 288._o rob_v of_o her_o able_a man_n by_o frequent_a levy_n and_o abandon_v by_o the_o roman_a garrison_n be_v not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o withstand_v the_o incursion_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n guorâ—rn_n â—alled_v 〈◊〉_d guorâ—rn_n vortigern_n who_o either_o be_v constitute_v general_n by_o the_o britain_n or_o as_o some_o think_v usurp_v that_o title_n dignity_n title_n not_o so_o much_o against_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n as_o his_o own_o subject_n for_o though_o those_o northern_a nation_n do_v no_o doubt_n very_o much_o terrify_v he_o yet_o he_o have_v moâ—e_n reason_n to_o be_v jealous_a of_o the_o britain_n themselves_o if_o what_o gildas_n tell_v we_o be_v true_a that_o in_o the_o confusion_n they_o be_v leave_v in_o they_o set_v up_o king_n and_o quick_o dethrone_v they_o advancing_z worse_z to_o that_o dignity_n in_o order_n to_o confirm_v his_o own_o government_n and_o to_o recover_v the_o sink_a state_n send_v for_o the_o saxon_n out_o of_o germany_n to_o his_o relief_n he_o be_v say_v ninnius_n
tuesday_n tuesday_n tuesday_n be_v derive_v from_o tuisco_n the_o founder_n of_o the_o german_a nation_n they_o have_v a_o goddess_n they_o call_v eoster_n to_o who_o they_o sacrifice_v in_o the_o month_n april_n upon_o which_o say_v bede_n sacrifice_n the_o goddess_n eoster_n time_n of_o sacrifice_n they_o call_v april_n eoster-monath_a and_o we_o at_o this_o day_n call_v that_o season_n the_o feast_n of_o easter_n such_o easter_n but_o rather_o as_o i_o think_v of_o the_o rise_n of_o christ_n which_o our_o progenitor_n call_v east_n as_o we_o do_v now_o that_o part_n whenece_n the_o sun_n rise_v hol._n it_o have_v be_v well_o if_o he_o have_v tell_v we_o what_o progenitor_n these_o be_v that_o call_v the_o rise_n of_o chrst_n east_n for_o my_o part_n i_o know_v none_o such_o the_o angles_n say_v tacitus_n as_o do_v the_o other_o neighbour_a nation_n worship_v herthus_n i.e._n their_o mother_n earth_n goddess_n herthus_n a_o goddess_n herthus_n goddess_n see_v sir_n henry_n spelman_n glossary_a under_o the_o title_n herthus_n imagine_v that_o she_o interest_v herself_o in_o the_o affair_n of_o man_n and_o nation_n in_o our_o language_n that_o word_n still_o signify_v earth_n but_o not_o in_o the_o german_a for_o they_o use_v arden_n to_o signify_v earth_n earth_n earth_n the_o same_o ethelwerd_v before_o mention_v have_v leave_v we_o this_o account_n of_o their_o superstition_n as_o to_o what_o relate_v to_o his_o own_o time_n the_o northern_a infidel_n have_v be_v seduce_v to_o such_o a_o degree_n that_o to_o this_o day_n the_o dane_n norman_n and_o suevian_o worship_n woodan_n as_o their_o lord_n and_o in_o another_o place_n the_o barbarous_a nation_n honour_v woodan_n as_o a_o god_n and_o those_o pagan_n offer_v sacrifice_n to_o he_o to_o make_v they_o victorious_a and_o valiant_a but_o adam_n bremensis_n give_v a_o more_o full_a account_n of_o those_o matter_n in_o a_o temple_n call_v in_o their_o vulgar_a tongue_n ubsola_n the_o furniture_n whereof_o be_v all_o of_o gold_n the_o people_n worship_v the_o statue_n of_o three_o go_n thor_n the_o most_o powerful_a of_o they_o have_v a_o room_n by_o himself_o in_o the_o middle_n on_o each_o side_n of_o he_o be_v wodan_n and_o fricco_fw-it the_o emblem_n of_o they_o be_v these_o thor_n they_o take_v to_o be_v the_o ruler_n of_o the_o air_n thursday_n thursday_n and_o to_o send_v as_o he_o see_v convenient_a thunder_n and_o lightning_n wind_n and_o shower_n fair_a weather_n and_o fruit_n wodan_n the_o second_o be_v more_o valiant_a it_o be_v he_o that_o manage_n war_n and_o inspire_v people_n with_o courage_n against_o their_o enemy_n fricco_fw-it the_o three_o presents_z man_n with_o peace_n and_o pleasure_n and_o his_o statue_n be_v cut_v with_o a_o large_a ingenti_fw-la large_a priapo_n ingenti_fw-la privy-member_n they_o engrave_v wodan_n arm_v as_o mars_n be_v with_o we_o thor_n seem_v to_o be_v represent_v with_o the_o sceptre_n of_o jupiter_n but_o these_o error_n have_v at_o length_n give_v way_n to_o the_o truth_n of_o christianity_n after_o they_o have_v fix_v themselves_o in_o britain_n heptarchy_n a_o monarchy_n always_o even_o in_o the_o saxon_a heptarchy_n they_o divide_v it_o into_o seven_o kingdom_n and_o make_v of_o it_o a_o heptarchy_n but_o even_o in_o that_o he_o who_o be_v most_o powerful_a be_v as_o bede_n have_v observe_v style_v king_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n c._n l._n 2._o c._n so_o that_o in_o the_o very_a heptarchy_n there_o seem_v always_o to_o have_v be_v a_o sort_n of_o monarchy_n afterward_o austin_n who_o be_v common_o call_v the_o english_a apostle_n apostle_n austin_n the_o english_a apostle_n be_v dispatch_v hither_o by_o gregory_n the_o great_a and_o banish_v those_o monster_n of_o heathenish_a profaneness_n do_v with_o wonderful_a success_n plant_n christ_n in_o their_o heart_n and_o convert_v they_o to_o the_o christian_a faith_n how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o gregory_n shall_v have_v so_o peculiar_a a_o concern_n for_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n christianity_n conversion_n of_o the_o english_a to_o christianity_n we_o may_v learn_v from_o venerable_a bede_n who_o have_v leave_v we_o what_o himself_o have_v by_o tradition_n the_o report_n go_v that_o on_o a_o certain_a day_n 1._o lib._n 2._o c._n 1._o when_o the_o merchant_n be_v new_o come_v ashore_o and_o great_a variety_n of_o ware_n be_v expose_v to_o sale_n many_o chapman_n flock_v together_o and_o among_o the_o rest_n gregory_n himself_o he_o take_v notice_n among_o other_o thing_n of_o some_o boy_n that_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v their_o body_n be_v white_a their_o look_n sweet_a and_o their_o hair_n lovely_a after_o he_o have_v view_v they_o he_o inquire_v as_o the_o story_n go_v from_o what_o country_n or_o nation_n they_o come_v they_o tell_v he_o from_o the_o isle_n of_o britain_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o be_v all_o of_o that_o beautiful_a complexion_n next_o he_o ask_v they_o whether_o the_o people_n of_o that_o island_n be_v christian_n or_o be_v yet_o involve_v in_o the_o error_n of_o paganism_n the_o answer_n be_v that_o they_o be_v pagan_n at_o which_o fetch_v a_o deep_a sigh_n alas_o say_v he_o that_o the_o father_n of_o darkness_n shall_v be_v master_n of_o such_o bright_a face_n and_o that_o such_o comely_a look_n shall_v carry_v along_o with_o they_o a_o mind_n void_a of_o internal_a grace_n another_o question_n he_o put_v to_o they_o be_v about_o the_o name_n of_o that_o country_n they_o tell_v he_o the_o people_n be_v call_v angle_n and_o say_v he_o not_o amiss_o for_o as_o they_o have_v angelical_a look_n so_o it_o be_v fit_a that_o such_o shall_v be_v fellow-heir_n with_o the_o angel_n in_o heaven_n but_o what_o be_v the_o name_n of_o that_o peculiar_a province_n from_o whence_o these_o be_v bring_v it_o be_v answer_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o it_o be_v call_v deiri_n hol-deirness_a hol-deirness_a yes_o say_v he_o deiri_n as_o much_o as_o de_fw-fr ira_fw-la eruti_fw-la i.e._n deliver_v from_o wrath_n and_o invite_v to_o the_o mercy_n of_o christ._n what_o be_v the_o king_n name_n of_o that_o province_n they_o tell_v he_o aello_n and_o allude_v to_o the_o name_n it_o be_v fit_v say_v he_o that_o alleluia_n shall_v be_v sing_v in_o those_o part_n to_o the_o praise_n of_o god_n our_o creator_n upon_o this_o go_v to_o the_o pope_n for_o it_o happen_v before_o he_o be_v make_v pope_n himself_o he_o beg_v of_o he_o to_o send_v the_o english_a nation_n some_o minister_n of_o the_o gospel_n into_o britain_n by_o who_o preach_v they_o may_v be_v convert_v to_o christ_n add_v that_o himself_o be_v ready_a by_o the_o assistance_n of_o god_n to_o finish_v this_o great_a work_n if_o it_o shall_v please_v his_o holiness_n to_o have_v it_o carry_v on_o concern_v the_o same_o conversion_n gregory_n the_o great_a write_v thus_o behold_v how_o it_o have_v pierce_v into_o the_o heart_n of_o all_o nation_n how_o the_o very_a bound_n of_o east_n and_o west_n be_v join_v in_o one_o common_a faith_n even_o the_o british_a tongue_n which_o use_v to_o mutter_v nothing_o but_o barbarity_n have_v a_o good_a while_n since_o begin_v to_o echo_v forth_o the_o hebrew_n halleluias_n in_o divine_a anthem_n and_o in_o a_o letter_n to_o austin_n himself_o who_o can_v express_v the_o general_a satisfaction_n among_o all_o faithful_a people_n since_o the_o english_a nation_n by_o the_o operate_a grace_n of_o almighty_a god_n and_o the_o endeavour_n of_o you_o our_o brother_n have_v quit_v those_o black_a error_n and_o be_v enlighten_v with_o the_o beam_n of_o our_o holy_a faith_n since_o with_o a_o most_o pious_a zeal_n they_o now_o tread_v under_o foot_n those_o idol_n before_o which_o they_o former_o kneel_v with_o a_o blind_a sort_n of_o veneration_n in_o a_o ancient_a fragment_n of_o that_o age_n we_o read_v thus_o upon_o one_o single_a christmas-day_n to_o the_o eternal_a honour_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n austin_n baptize_v above_o ten_o thousand_o man_n beside_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o woman_n and_o child_n but_o pray_v how_o shall_v priest_n or_o any_o other_o in_o holy_a order_n be_v get_v to_o baptize_v such_o a_o prodigious_a number_n the_o archbishop_n after_o he_o have_v consecrate_v the_o river_n small_a austin_n the_o river_n small_a in_o yorkshire_n bede_n tell_v this_o whole_a matter_n of_o paulinus_n archbish_n of_o york_n not_o of_o austin_n order_v by_o the_o crier_n and_o principal_a man_n that_o they_o shall_v with_o faith_n go_v in_o two_o by_o two_o and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o holy_a trinity_n baptize_v each_o other_o thus_o be_v they_o all_o regenerate_v by_o as_o great_a a_o miracle_n as_o once_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n pass_v over_o the_o divide_a sea_n and_o jordan_n when_o it_o be_v turn_v back_o for_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n here_o so_o great_a a_o variety_n both_o of_o sex_n and_o age_n pass_v such_o a_o deep_a channel_n
theod_n i.e._n a_o nation_n anglcynne_n englcynne_n engliscmon_n though_o at_o the_o same_o time_n every_o particular_a kingdom_n have_v a_o distinct_a name_n of_o its_o own_o and_o this_o as_o it_o be_v evident_a from_o other_o writer_n so_o especial_o from_o bede_n who_o entitle_v his_o history_n the_o history_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n so_o even_o in_o the_o heptarchy_n the_o king_n that_o be_v more_o powerful_a than_o the_o rest_n be_v style_v the_o king_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n then_o it_o be_v that_o the_o name_n of_o britain_n fall_v into_o disuse_n in_o this_o island_n and_o be_v only_o to_o be_v find_v in_o book_n be_v never_o hear_v in_o common_a talk_n so_o that_o boniface_n bishop_n of_o mentz_n a_o englishman_n bear_v p._n epist_n ad_fw-la zachariam_n p._n p._n term_v our_o nation_n transmarine_a saxony_n but_o king_n eadr_v as_o appear_v from_o some_o charter_n about_o the_o year_n 948._o style_v himself_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n and_o eadgar_n about_o 970._o use_v the_o title_n of_o monarch_n of_o all_o albion_n when_o it_o be_v call_v england_n then_o be_v the_o angle_n in_o the_o height_n of_o their_o glory_n and_o as_o such_o according_a to_o the_o common_a revolution_n of_o thing_n be_v ready_a for_o a_o fall_n for_o the_o dane_n after_o they_o have_v prey_v upon_o our_o coast_n for_o many_o year_n together_o begin_v at_o last_o to_o make_v miserable_a havoc_n of_o the_o nation_n itself_o the_o name_n of_o the_o english-saxons_a i_o have_v design_v here_o to_o insert_v a_o catalogue_n of_o the_o order_n and_o succession_n of_o the_o saxon_a king_n as_o well_o in_o the_o heptarchy_n as_o monarchy_n but_o because_o this_o may_v not_o be_v a_o proper_a place_n for_o they_o and_o it_o be_v possible_a a_o heap_n of_o bare_a name_n may_v hardly_o be_v so_o acceptable_a perhaps_o i_o shall_v oblige_v the_o reader_n more_o by_o draw_v up_o a_o short_a scheme_n of_o the_o observation_n i_o have_v make_v especial_o out_o of_o alfrick_n the_o grammarian_n concern_v the_o force_n original_a and_o signification_n of_o the_o name_n themselves_o not_o that_o i_o pretend_v to_o explain_v every_o name_n for_o that_o will_v be_v too_o much_o labour_n beside_o that_o such_o barbarous_a name_n wherein_o there_o be_v a_o great_a emphasis_n â—niâ—â—_n â—phyrie_a theolog_n â—niâ—â—_n a_o concise_a brevity_n and_o something_o of_o ambiguity_n be_v very_o hardly_o translate_v into_o another_o language_n but_o because_o most_o of_o they_o be_v compound_n the_o simples_n whereof_o be_v very_o few_o i_o shall_v explain_v the_o latter_a that_o so_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o former_a which_o always_o imply_v something_o of_o good_a luck_n may_v be_v the_o more_o easy_o discover_v and_o to_o show_v that_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d nominum_fw-la the_o derivation_n of_o name_n mention_v by_o plato_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o all_o nation_n eal._n 〈◊〉_d eal._n ael_n eal_n and_o al._n in_o compound_v name_n as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o greek_a compound_n signify_v all_o or_o altogether_o so_o aelwin_n be_v a_o complete_a conqueror_n albert_n all_o illustrious_a aldred_n altogether_o reverend_a alfred_n altogether_o peaceful_a to_o these_o pammachias_n pancratius_n pamphilius_n etc._n etc._n do_v in_o some_o measure_n answer_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ulf_n 〈◊〉_d aelf_n which_o according_a to_o various_a dialect_n be_v pronounce_v ulf_n wolph_n hulph_n hilp_n helfe_z and_o at_o this_o day_n help_v imply_v assistance_n so_o aelfwin_n be_v victorious_a aid_n aelfwold_n a_o auxiliary_a governor_n aelfgifa_n a_o lender_n of_o assistance_n with_o which_o boetius_fw-la symmachus_n epicurus_n etc._n etc._n bear_v some_o analogy_n ard_n signify_v natural_a disposition_n as_o goddard_n ard._n ard._n be_v a_o divine_a temper_n reinard_n a_o sincere_a temper_n giffard_n a_o bountiful_a and_o liberal_a disposition_n bernard_n a_o filial_a affection_n athel_n adel._n and_o aethel_n be_v noble_a so_o aethelred_n ethel_n athel_n and_o ethel_n be_v noble_a for_o counsel_n aethelard_n a_o noble_a genius_n aethelbert_n eminent_o noble_a aethelward_n a_o noble_a protector_n bert_n be_v the_o same_o with_o our_o bright_a bert._n bert._n in_o the_o latin_a illustris_fw-la and_o clarus_fw-la so_o ecbert_n eternal_o famous_a or_o bright_a sigbert_n famous_a conqueror_n and_o she_o that_o be_v term_v by_o the_o german_n bertha_n be_v by_o the_o greek_n call_v eudoxia_n as_o be_v observe_v by_o luitprandus_fw-la of_o the_o same_o sort_n be_v these_o phaedrus_n epiphanius_n photius_n lampridius_n fulgentius_n illustrius_fw-la bald_n bald._n bald._n as_o we_o learn_v from_o jornandes_n be_v use_v by_o the_o northern_a nation_n to_o signify_v the_o same_o as_o the_o latin_a audax_fw-la bold_a and_o be_v still_o in_o use_n so_o baldwin_n and_o by_o inversion_n winbald_n be_v bold_a conqueror_n ethelbald_n noble_o bold_a eadbald_n happy_o bold_a which_o have_v the_o same_o import_n as_o thraseas_n thrasymachus_n thrasybulus_n etc._n etc._n crule_v etc._n here_o we_o may_v take_v in_o the_o termination_n burh_fw-mi in_o the_o name_n of_o cuthburh_n cwenburh_fw-mi both_o which_o come_v from_o the_o saxon_a burh_n signify_v a_o tower_n castle_n etc._n etc._n and_o from_o that_o a_o defence_n or_o protection_n so_o cwenburh_n be_v a_o woman_n ready_a to_o assist_v cutburh_n eminent_a for_o assistance_n and_o also_o ceol_n in_o ceolwuâ—t_n etc._n etc._n which_o come_v from_o the_o old_a saxon_a ceol_n a_o ship_n from_o whence_o malmesbury_n tell_v we_o the_o saxon_n land_v in_o 3_o crule_v ken_n and_o kin_n kin._n ken_n and_o kin._n denote_v kinsfolk_n so_o kinulph_n be_v help_v to_o kindred_n kinehelm_v a_o protector_n of_o his_o kindred_n kinburg_n the_o defence_n of_o her_o kindred_n kinric_n powerful_a in_o kindred_n cuth_o signify_v knowledge_n or_o skill_n so_o cuthwin_n cuth_o cuth_o be_v a_o know_a conqueror_n cuthred_n a_o know_a counsellor_n cuthbert_n famous_a for_o skill_n much_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n be_v sophocles_n sophianus_n etc._n etc._n ead_n in_o the_o compound_n and_o eadig_n ead._n ead._n in_o the_o simple_a name_n denote_v happiness_n or_o blessedness_n original_n blessedness_n it_o may_v likewise_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o saxon_a eath_n signify_v easy_a gentle_a mild_a aed_n and_o ed_n be_v of_o the_o same_o original_n thus_o eadward_n be_v a_o happy_a preserver_n eadulph_n happy_a assistance_n eadgar_n happy_a power_n eadwin_n happy_a conqueror_n which_o macarius_n eupolemus_n faustus_n fortunatus_n felicianus_fw-la etc._n etc._n do_v in_o some_o measure_n resemble_v army_n resemble_v ferth_n and_o forth_o be_v a_o common_a termination_n and_o come_v from_o the_o saxon_a fyrth_n a_o army_n ferd_n fred._n fred._n be_v the_o same_o with_o peace_n upon_o which_o our_o forefather_n call_v their_o sanctuary_n fred-stole_a i.e._n the_o seat_n of_o peace_n so_o frederic_n be_v powerful_a or_o wealthy_a in_o peace_n winfred_n victorious_a peace_n reinfred_n sincere_a peace_n etc._n peace_n gar_o in_o edgar_n ethelgar_a be_v derive_v from_o the_o saxon_a gar_o a_o weapon_n do_v rt_n etc._n etc._n gâ—slâ—_n gâ—slâ—_n gisle_n among_o the_o english-saxons_a signify_v a_o pledge_n thus_o fredgisle_n be_v a_o pledge_n of_o peace_n gislebert_n a_o illustrious_a pledge_n like_o the_o greek_a homerus_n saxon._n homerus_n hear_v whether_o initial_a as_o in_o heardbearht_n or_o final_a as_o in_o cyneheard_n signify_v a_o guard_n of_o keeper_n in_o saxon._n hold_v hold._n hold._n in_o the_o old_a glossary_n be_v take_v in_o the_o same_o sense_n with_o wood_n i.e._n a_o governor_n or_o chief_a officer_n but_o in_o some_o other_o place_n for_o love_n as_o holdlic_a lovely_a helm_n helm_n helm_n denote_v defence_n as_o eadhelm_n happy_a defence_n sighelm_v victorious_a defence_n berthelm_v eminent_a defence_n like_o amyntas_n and_o boetius_fw-la in_o the_o greek_a hare_n and_o here_o here._n hare_n and_o here._n as_o they_o be_v different_o pronounce_v signify_v both_o a_o army_n and_o a_o lord_n so_o harold_n be_v a_o general_n of_o a_o army_n hareman_n a_o chief_a man_n in_o the_o army_n herebert_n famous_a in_o the_o army_n herwin_n a_o victorious_a army_n which_o be_v much_o like_o stratocles_n polemarchus_n hegâ—sistratus_n etc._n etc._n hild_n hild._n hild._n in_o aelfrick_n grammar_n be_v interpret_v a_o lord_n or_o lady_n so_o hildebert_n be_v a_o noble_a lord_n mahtild_v a_o heroic_a lady_n and_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n be_v wiga_n wiga_n wiga_n find_v leod_n leod._n leod._n signify_v people_n signify_v rather_o a_o nation_n country_n or_o people_n the_o people_n thus_o leodgar_n be_v one_o of_o great_a interest_n with_o the_o people_n leof_o leof_o leof_o denote_v love_n so_o leofwin_n be_v a_o winner_n of_o love_n leafstan_n the_o best_a belove_v like_o these_o agapetus_n erasmus_n erastus_n philo_n amandus_n fool_n amandus_n the_o final_a syllabâ—â—s_n maer_fw-mi mer_o in_o aelmaer_fw-mi aethelmer_n &c_n &c_n be_v deriuâ—d_v from_o the_o saxon_a maer_fw-mi famous_a note_v great_a from_o whence_o we_o common_o sâ—y_v at_o this_o dâ—y_n he_o be_v a_o mere_a
upon_o the_o disorder_a english_a kill_v great_a number_n of_o they_o whilst_o they_o stand_v doubtful_a whether_o they_o shall_v run_v or_o fight_v but_o the_o great_a part_n post_v themselves_o on_o the_o high_a ground_n get_v into_o a_o body_n encourage_v one_o another_o and_o oppose_v the_o enemy_n with_o great_a resolution_n as_o if_o they_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o that_o place_n for_o a_o honourable_a death_n at_o last_o harold_n be_v shoot_v through_o the_o head_n with_o a_o arrow_n and_o there_o with_o his_o two_o brother_n githus_n and_o leofwine_n lose_v his_o life_n upon_o this_o edwin_n and_o morcar_n with_o some_o few_o who_o have_v save_v their_o life_n make_v their_o escape_n by_o flight_n give_v way_n to_o the_o hand_n of_o providence_n and_o the_o present_a necessity_n after_o they_o have_v fight_v without_o intermission_n from_o seven_o a_o clock_n in_o the_o morning_n to_o the_o dusk_n of_o the_o evening_n the_o norman_n lose_v in_o this_o battle_n about_o 6000_o man_n and_o the_o english_a a_o far_o great_a number_n william_n overjoy_v with_o his_o victory_n order_v a_o solemn_a thanksgiving_n to_o almighty_a god_n and_o fix_v his_o tent_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o slay_v where_o he_o stay_v that_o night_n next_o day_n after_o he_o have_v bury_v his_o man_n and_o grant_v leave_n to_o the_o english_a to_o do_v the_o like_a he_o return_v to_o hastings_n to_o consider_v of_o proper_a method_n how_o to_o prosecute_v his_o victory_n and_o to_o refresh_v his_o soldier_n so_o soon_o as_o the_o news_n of_o this_o victory_n reach_v london_n and_o other_o city_n of_o england_n the_o whole_a nation_n be_v in_o a_o surprise_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n strike_v dead_a githa_n the_o king_n mother_n be_v so_o overcome_v with_o grief_n that_o no_o way_n can_v be_v find_v to_o comfort_v she_o she_o humble_o desire_v of_o the_o conqueror_n to_o grant_v she_o the_o body_n of_o her_o son_n which_o she_o bury_v in_o waltham-abby_n edwin_n send_v away_o queen_n algitha_n his_o sister_n into_o the_o more_o remote_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o nobility_n desire_v the_o people_n not_o to_o despair_v and_o begin_v to_o consider_v of_o method_n how_o to_o settle_v the_o nation_n the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n with_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o sea-soldier_n bâ—â—â—â—les_n bâ—â—â—â—les_n common_o call_v botescarles_n be_v for_o make_v eadgar_n king_n and_o renew_v the_o war_n with_o william_n edwin_n and_o morcar_n be_v secret_o contrive_v how_o to_o get_v the_o government_n into_o their_o their_o own_o hand_n but_o the_o bishop_n prelate_n and_o other_o upon_o who_o the_o pope_n anathema_n make_v a_o deep_a impression_n think_v it_o most_o advisable_a to_o surrender_v and_o not_o to_o incense_v the_o conqueror_n with_o a_o second_o battle_n the_o issue_n whereof_o be_v but_o at_o best_a doubtful_a nor_o resist_v god_n who_o for_o the_o cry_a sin_n of_o the_o nation_n seem_v to_o have_v deliver_v up_o england_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o norman_n william_n leave_v 〈◊〉_d strong_a garrison_n in_o hastings_n resolve_v to_o march_v in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n direct_o towards_o london_n but_o to_o diffuse_v a_o great_a terror_n through_o the_o nation_n and_o to_o make_v all_o sure_a behind_o he_o he_o divide_v his_o force_n and_o march_v through_o part_n of_o kent_n suffex_n surrey_n hamshire_n and_o berkshire_n where_o he_o come_v he_o burn_v village_n and_o town_n plunder_v they_o pass_v the_o thames_n at_o wallingford_n and_o fill_v all_o place_n with_o horror_n the_o nobility_n all_o this_o while_n be_v at_o a_o stand_v what_o to_o do_v nor_o can_v they_o be_v persuade_v to_o lay_v aside_o private_a animosity_n and_o consult_v the_o public_a interest_n of_o the_o nation_n the_o clergy_n to_o avoid_v the_o curse_n of_o the_o church_n and_o censure_n of_o the_o pope_n by_o which_o he_o do_v at_o that_o time_n sway_v both_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n and_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o consider_v that_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o nation_n be_v not_o only_o decay_v but_o quite_o ruin_v stand_v so_o firm_a to_o their_o resolution_n of_o surrender_v that_o many_o so_o save_v themselves_o withdraw_v private_o out_o of_o the_o city_n but_o alfred_n archbishop_n of_o york_n wolstan_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n along_o with_o some_o other_o bishop_n and_z edgar_z etheling_n edwin_n and_o morcar_n meet_v the_o norman_a conqueror_n at_o berkhamsted_n he_o make_v they_o most_o glorious_a promise_n upon_o which_o hostage_n be_v give_v and_o they_o submit_v themselves_o to_o his_o protection_n forthwith_o he_o go_v to_o london_n where_o he_o be_v receive_v with_o great_a joy_n and_o acclamation_n and_o salute_v under_o the_o title_n of_o king_n next_o he_o prepare_v all_o necessary_n for_o the_o inauguration_n which_o he_o have_v appoint_v to_o be_v on_o christmas-day_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n employ_v all_o his_o care_n and_o thought_n upon_o the_o settlement_n of_o the_o nation_n this_o be_v the_o period_n 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those_o
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the_o king_n the_o only_a lord_n and_o proprietor_n of_o it_o in_o manor_n but_o in_o so_o many_o den_n which_o imply_v only_o a_o woody_a place_n yield_v covert_a and_o feed_n for_o cattle_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o use_n of_o they_o express_v but_o only_o pannage_v for_o hog_n from_o which_o hint_n be_v gather_v the_o primitive_a state_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o this_o county_n b_o in_o after_o time_n our_o author_n observe_v among_o other_o thing_n that_o they_o deal_v in_o the_o glass-trade_n put_v that_o last_v not_o long_o for_o whether_o it_o be_v that_o it_o turn_v to_o little_a account_n or_o that_o they_o find_v themselves_o outvy_v by_o other_o place_n there_o be_v now_o no_o glass-house_n in_o the_o whole_a county_n at_o present_v as_o in_o our_o author_n time_n they_o be_v most_o famous_a for_o the_o iron-work_n which_o be_v in_o several_a place_n of_o this_o county_n some_o whereof_o have_v both_o
high_a take_v down_o when_o half-dead_a and_o behead_v and_o the_o trunk_n of_o his_o body_n throw_v into_o the_o fire_n a_o punishment_n too_o inhuman_a and_o but_o very_o seldom_o make_v use_n of_o in_o this_o kingdom_n upon_o this_o his_o good_n be_v confiscate_v king_n edward_n the_o first_o frank_o give_v this_o castle_n with_o the_o hundred_o of_o felebergh_n to_o bartholomew_n to_o sir_n bartholomew_n bartholomew_n de_fw-fr badilsmer_n but_o he_o too_o within_o a_o short_a time_n forfeit_v both_o of_o they_o for_o treason_n as_o i_o observe_v but_o just_a now_o it_o be_v a_o current_a report_n among_o the_o inhabitant_n that_o julius_n caesar_n encamp_v here_o in_o his_o second_o expedition_n against_o the_o britain_n and_o that_o thence_o it_o be_v call_v julham_n as_o if_o one_o shall_v say_v julius_n station_n or_o house_n and_o if_o i_o mistake_v not_o they_o have_v truth_n on_o their_o side_n for_o caesar_n himself_o tell_v we_o that_o after_o he_o have_v march_v by_o night_n 12_o mile_n from_o the_o shore_n he_o first_o encounter_v the_o britain_n upon_o a_o river_n and_o after_o he_o have_v beat_v they_o into_o the_o wood_n that_o he_o encamp_v there_o where_o the_o britain_n have_v cut_v down_o a_o great_a number_n of_o tree_n be_v post_v in_o a_o place_n wonderful_o fortify_v both_o by_o nature_n and_o art_n now_o this_o place_n be_v exact_o twelve_o mile_n from_o the_o sea-coast_n nor_o be_v there_o ere_o a_o river_n between_o so_o that_o of_o necessity_n his_o first_o march_n must_v have_v be_v hither_o where_o he_o keep_v his_o man_n encamp_v for_o ten_o day_n till_o he_o have_v refit_v his_o fleet_n shatter_v very_o much_o by_o a_o tempest_n and_o get_v it_o to_o shore_n below_o this_o town_n be_v a_o green_a barrow_n say_v to_o be_v the_o bury_a place_n of_o one_o jul-laber_n many_o age_n since_o who_o some_o will_v tell_v you_o be_v a_o giant_n other_o a_o witch_n for_o my_o own_o part_n imagine_v all_o along_o that_o there_o may_v be_v 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seven_o archbishop_n found_v there_o and_o though_o it_o be_v shatter_v in_o the_o danish_a war_n and_o have_v be_v several_a time_n almost_o quite_o destroy_v by_o the_o casualty_n of_o fire_n yet_o it_o always_o rise_v again_o with_o great_a beauty_n after_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_n when_o william_n rufus_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o register_n of_o s._n augustine_n abbey_n give_v the_o city_n of_o canterbury_n entire_o to_o the_o bishop_n which_o they_o have_v former_o hold_v only_o by_o courtesy_n what_o by_o the_o name_n of_o religion_n and_o bounty_n of_o its_o prelate_n especial_o of_o simon_n sudbury_n who_o repair_v the_o wall_n it_o do_v not_o only_o recruit_v but_o altogether_o on_o a_o sudden_a rose_n up_o to_o that_o splendour_n as_o even_o for_o the_o beauty_n of_o its_o private_a building_n to_o be_v equal_a to_o any_o city_n in_o britain_n but_o for_o the_o magnificence_n of_o its_o church_n and_o their_o number_n exceed_v even_o the_o best_a of_o they_o 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vale_fw-la anno_fw-la domini_fw-la m.d.xliii_o et_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la henrici_fw-la octavi_fw-la xxxvi_o when_o leith_n a_o town_n of_o good_a account_n in_o scotland_n and_o edinburgh_n the_o principal_a city_n of_o that_o nation_n be_v on_o fire_n sir_n richard_z lea_n knight_n save_v i_o out_o of_o the_o flame_n and_o bring_v i_o into_o england_n in_o gratitude_n to_o he_o for_o this_o his_o kindness_n i_o who_o heretofore_o serve_v only_o at_o the_o baptism_n of_o the_o child_n of_o king_n do_v now_o most_o willing_o offer_v the_o same_o service_n even_o to_o the_o mean_a of_o the_o english_a nation_n lea_n the_o conqueror_n have_v so_o command_v adieu_n a._n d._n 1543._o in_o the_o 36th_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o 8_o l_o but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o business_n as_o antiquity_n have_v consecrate_v this_o place_n to_o religion_n so_o mars_n seem_v to_o have_v make_v it_o a_o seat_n of_o war_n to_o pass_v by_o other_o when_o our_o nation_n have_v now_o almost_o 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christian_a faith_n for_o which_o faith_n he_o also_o suffer_v under_o dioclesian_n at_o present_v it_o be_v most_o remarkable_a for_o the_o old_a military_a highway_n common_o call_v watling-streete_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v seat_v and_o also_o for_o a_o certain_a brook_n near_o it_o call_v weâ—r_n â—t_z be_v also_o â—d_a weâ—r_n wenmer_n which_o as_o the_o vulgar_a believe_v when_o ever_o it_o break_v out_o and_o swell_v high_a than_o usual_a always_o portend_v dearth_n or_o troublesome_a time_n n_o near_o unto_o this_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o look_v for_o duro-co-brivae_a â—o-coâ—a_a â—o-coâ—a_a a_o station_n of_o which_o antoninus_n make_v mention_v though_o indeed_o the_o distance_n will_v persuade_v we_o otherwise_o for_o redborne_n in_o our_o language_n and_o durcoh_a in_o the_o british_a or_o welsh_a tongue_n signify_v one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o wit_n red_a water_n now_o to_o search_v after_o the_o situation_n of_o ancient_a place_n we_o have_v no_o better_a 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â—ra_fw-it what_o 〈◊〉_d and_o as_o to_o that_o termination_n briva_n which_o be_v a_o adjunct_n to_o the_o name_n of_o very_a many_o place_n it_o signify_v as_o i_o suppose_v among_o the_o ancient_a britain_n and_o gaul_n a_o bridge_n or_o the_o passage_n over_o a_o river_n since_o we_o find_v it_o no_o where_o use_v but_o at_o river_n in_o this_o island_n there_o be_v one_o or_o two_o durobrivae_n that_o be_v unless_o i_o be_o much_o deceive_v passage_n over_o the_o water_n in_o gaul_n there_o be_v briva_n isariae_n now_o pontoise_n where_o be_v the_o passage_n over_o the_o isara_n or_o ysore_n briva_n oderae_fw-la over_o the_o odera_fw-mi and_o samarobriva_n for_o that_o be_v the_o right_a name_n over_o the_o river_n soain_o somewhat_o high_o upon_o a_o small_a hill_n stand_v flamsted_n â—msted_a â—msted_a which_o in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n leofstan_n abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n give_v to_o three_o knight_n turnot_n waldef_n and_o turman_n upon_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v secure_v the_o neighbour_a country_n from_o robbery_n but_o william_n the_o conqueror_n take_v it_o from_o they_o and_o give_v it_o roger_n de_fw-fr todeney_n or_o tony_n a_o eminent_a norman_a with_o the_o title_n of_o barony_n but_o in_o time_n it_o be_v by_o a_o daughter_n transfer_v to_o the_o beauchamp_n earl_n of_o warwick_n hence_o i_o pass_v southwards_o to_o hemsted_n â—â—â—â—ted_a â—â—â—â—ted_a a_o small_a market-town_n call_v hehan-hamsted_n when_o king_n offa_n make_v a_o grant_n of_o it_o to_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n alban_n it_o be_v seat_v among_o hill_n by_o the_o side_n of_o a_o small_a river_n which_o a_o little_a low_o run_v into_o another_o that_o go_v through_o berkhamsted_n â—â—â—khamâ—â—â—â—_n â—â—â—khamâ—â—â—â—_n in_o this_o place_n the_o noble_n of_o england_n have_v a_o meeting_n when_o by_o the_o persuasion_n of_o fretheric_n than_o abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n they_o be_v plot_v to_o throw_v off_o the_o new_a norman_a government_n 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cornwall_n halfbrother_n cornwall_n his_o halfbrother_n who_o according_a to_o the_o common_a tradition_n build_v here_o a_o castle_n with_o a_o rampart_n and_o a_o double_a ditch_n to_o it_o in_o which_o castle_n richard_n king_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o earl_n of_o cornwall_n die_v full_a of_o year_n and_o honour_n upon_o default_n of_o issue_n of_o that_o earl_n king_n edward_z the_o three_o give_v this_o town_n and_o castle_n to_o edward_n his_o elder_a son_n that_o most_o renown_a and_o warlike_a prince_n who_o he_o create_v duke_n of_o cornwall_n from_o whence_o even_o in_o our_o time_n it_o continue_v to_o be_v part_n of_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o cornwall_n this_o castle_n be_v now_o nothing_o else_o but_o ruine_a wall_n and_o one_o rude_a heap_n of_o stone_n above_o which_o upon_o a_o small_a hill_n sir_n edward_n cary_n kt._n master_n of_o the_o jewel_n to_o the_o king_n descend_v from_o the_o house_n of_o the_o cary_n in_o devonshire_n somerset_n devonshire_n and_o the_o beaufort_n
envy_n resign_v up_o these_o and_o two_o other_o castle_n to_o wit_n blank_a and_o hanfeld_n to_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o in_o another_o corner_n northeastward_a the_o river_n mynwy_n and_o why_o meeting_n do_v almost_o encompass_v the_o chief_a town_n of_o this_o county_n which_o be_v thence_o denominate_v for_o the_o britain_n call_v it_o mynwy_n and_o we_o monmouth_n monmouth_n monmouth_n on_o the_o north-side_n where_o it_o be_v not_o guard_v with_o the_o river_n it_o be_v fortify_v with_o a_o wall_n and_o a_o ditch_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o town_n near_o the_o marketplace_n stand_v the_o castle_n which_o as_o we_o find_v in_o the_o king_n record_n flourish_v in_o the_o time_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n but_o be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v rebuilt_a by_o john_n baron_n of_o monmouth_n from_o he_o it_o devolve_v to_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n when_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o have_v deprive_v he_o of_o his_o inheritance_n for_o espouse_v so_o violent_o the_o baron_n interest_n against_o he_o or_o rather_o as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o king_n prerogative_n for_o that_o his_o heir_n have_v pass_v their_o allegiance_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o britain_n in_o france_n since_o that_o time_n this_o town_n have_v flourish_v considerable_o enjoy_v many_o privilege_n grant_v they_o by_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n but_o for_o no_o one_o thing_n be_v it_o so_o eminent_a as_o the_o birth_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o that_o triumphant_a conqueror_n of_o france_n and_o second_o ornament_n of_o the_o lancastrian_n family_n who_o by_o direct_a force_n of_o arm_n subdue_v the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n and_o reduce_v their_o king_n charles_n the_o six_o to_o that_o extremity_n that_o he_o do_v little_o better_a than_o resign_v his_o title_n upon_o who_o prosperous_a success_n john_n seward_n a_o poet_n in_o those_o time_n and_o none_o of_o the_o low_a rank_n bespeak_v the_o english_a nation_n in_o this_o lofty_a stile_n item_fw-la per_fw-la 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a_o considerable_a circumference_n which_o take_v in_o several_a field_n and_o orchard_n the_o castle_n be_v very_o fair_a stand_v on_o the_o brink_n of_o a_o river_n and_o on_o the_o opposite_a side_n there_o stand_v a_o priory_n whereof_o the_o better_a part_n be_v demolish_v the_o remainder_n be_v convert_v to_o a_o parish-church_n the_o bridge_n here_o over_o the_o why_o be_v build_v upon_o pile_n and_o be_v exceed_o high_a which_o be_v necessary_a because_o the_o tide_n rise_v here_o to_o a_o great_a height_n the_o lord_n of_o this_o place_n be_v the_o clares_z earl_n of_o pembroke_n who_o from_o a_o neighbour_n castle_n call_v strighul_n where_o they_o live_v be_v entitle_v earl_n of_o strighul_n strigâ—â—l_v earâ—s_n â—f_n strigâ—â—l_v and_o pembroke_n of_o who_o richard_n the_o last_o earl_n a_o man_n of_o invincible_a courage_n and_o strength_n surname_v strongbow_n from_o his_o excellency_n in_o archery_n be_v the_o first_o that_o make_v way_n for_o the_o english_a into_o 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the_o southside_n be_v a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o wall_n yet_o remain_v and_o more_o than_o the_o ruin_n of_o three_o bastion_n what_o repute_v it_o have_v heretofore_o we_o may_v from_o hence_o gather_v that_o before_o the_o name_n of_o monmouth_n be_v hear_v of_o this_o whole_a country_n be_v call_v from_o it_o wentset_a or_o went's_n land_n e_fw-la moreover_o as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o life_n of_o tathaius_fw-la a_o british_a saint_n it_o be_v former_o a_o academy_n lâ—â—anâ—â—ff_n lâ—â—anâ—â—ff_n or_o place_n dedicate_v to_o literature_n which_o the_o same_o tathaius_fw-la govern_v with_o commendation_n and_o also_o found_v a_o church_n there_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n kradok_v ap-ynyr_a who_o invite_v he_o hither_o from_o a_o hermitage_n five_o mile_n to_o the_o west_n of_o kaer-went_a be_v seat_v strighul-castle_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o hill_n which_o now_o we_o call_v struggle_v but_o the_o norman_n estrig-hill_n build_v as_o we_o find_v in_o domesday-book_n by_o william_n fitz-osbern_n earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o afterward_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o clares_z earls_z of_o pembroke_z whence_o they_o have_v be_v also_o common_o call_v earl_n of_o strighull_n beneath_o these_o place_n upon_o the_o severn-sea_n not_o far_o from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n why_o lie_v port_n skew_v skewâ—â—h_n p_o â—t_a skewâ—â—h_n call_v by_o marianus_n port-skith_a who_o inform_v we_o that_o harald_n build_v a_o fort_n there_o against_o the_o welsh_a in_o the_o year_n 1065._o which_o they_o immediate_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o karadok_n overthrow_v it_o overthrow_v and_o adjoin_v to_o it_o be_v sudbroke_n the_o church_n whereof_o call_v trinity-chapel_n stand_v so_o near_o the_o sea_n that_o the_o vicinity_n of_o so_o tyrannous_a a_o neighbour_n have_v spoil_v it_o of_o half_a the_o churchyard_n as_o it_o have_v do_v also_o of_o a_o old_a fortification_n lie_v thereby_o which_o be_v compass_v with_o a_o triple_a ditch_n and_o three_o rampire_n as_o high_a as_o a_o ordinary_a house_n cast_v in_o form_n of_o a_o bow_n the_o string_n whereof_o be_v the_o sea-cliff_n that_o this_o be_v a_o
they_o be_v at_o this_o day_n distinguish_v from_o the_o welsh_a by_o their_o speech_n and_o custom_n and_o they_o speak_v a_o language_n so_o agreeable_a with_o the_o english_a which_o indeed_o have_v much_o affinity_n with_o dutch_a that_o this_o small_a country_n of_o they_o be_v call_v by_o the_o britain_n little_a england_n beyond_o wales_n wales_n little_a england_n beyond_o wales_n this_o say_v giraldus_n be_v a_o stout_a and_o resolute_a nation_n and_o very_o offensive_a to_o the_o welsh_a by_o their_o frequent_a skirmish_n a_o people_n much_o enure_v to_o clothing_n and_o merchandise_n and_o ready_a to_o increase_v their_o stock_n at_o any_o labour_n or_o hazard_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n a_o most_o puissant_a nation_n and_o equal_o prepare_v as_o time_n and_o place_n shall_v require_v either_o for_o the_o sword_n or_o plow_n and_o that_o i_o may_v add_v also_o this_o one_o thing_n a_o nation_n most_o devote_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o faithful_a to_o the_o english_a and_o which_o in_o the_o time_n of_o giraldus_n understand_v soothsay_v or_o the_o inspection_n of_o the_o entrail_n of_o beast_n even_o to_o admiration_n moreover_o the_o flemings-way_n which_o be_v a_o work_n of_o they_o as_o they_o be_v a_o nation_n exceed_v industrious_a be_v see_v here_o extend_v through_o a_o long_a tract_n of_o ground_n the_o welsh_a endeavour_v to_o regain_v their_o old_a country_n have_v often_o set_v upon_o these_o fleming_n with_o all_o their_o power_n and_o have_v ravage_v and_o spoil_n d_o their_o border_n but_o they_o always_o with_o a_o ready_a courage_n defend_v their_o life_n their_o fortune_n and_o reputation_n asleep_o whence_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n write_v thus_o of_o they_o and_o of_o william_n rufus_n william_n rufus_n have_v general_o but_o ill_a fortune_n against_o the_o welsh_a which_o one_o may_v well_o wonder_v at_o see_v all_o his_o attempt_n elsewhere_o prove_v successful_a but_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o as_o the_o unevenness_n of_o their_o country_n and_o severity_n of_o the_o weather_n favour_v their_o rebellion_n so_o it_o hinder_v his_o progress_n but_o king_n henry_n that_o now_o reign_v a_o man_n of_o excellent_a wisdom_n find_v out_o a_o art_n to_o frustrate_v all_o their_o invention_n by_o plant_v flemings_n in_o their_o country_n to_o curb_v and_o continual_o harass_n they_o and_o again_o in_o the_o five_o book_n king_n henry_n often_o endeavour_v to_o reduce_v the_o welsh_a who_o be_v always_o prone_a to_o rebellion_n at_o last_o very_o advise_o in_o order_n to_o abate_v their_o pride_n he_o transplant_v thither_o all_o the_o fleming_n that_o live_v in_o england_n for_o at_o that_o time_n there_o be_v many_o of_o they_o come_v over_o on_o account_n of_o their_o relation_n to_o his_o mother_n by_o her_o father_n side_n insomuch_o that_o they_o be_v burdensome_a to_o the_o kingdom_n wherefore_o he_o thrust_v they_o all_o into_o ros_n a_o province_n of_o wales_n as_o into_o a_o common_a shore_n as_o well_o to_o rid_v the_o kingdom_n of_o they_o as_o to_o curb_v the_o obstinacy_n of_o his_o enemy_n on_o the_o more_o westerly_a of_o these_o two_o river_n call_v cledheu_fw-la in_o a_o very_a uneven_a situation_n lie_v haverford_n haverford-west_n haverford-west_n call_v by_o the_o britain_n hwlfordh_n a_o town_n of_o good_a account_n as_o well_o for_o it_o be_v neatness_n as_o number_v of_o inhabitant_n other_o inhabitant_n situate_v upon_o a_o hill_n side_n have_v sâ—arce_o one_o even_a street_n but_o be_v steep_a one_o way_n or_o other_o this_o be_v a_o county_n of_o itself_o and_o be_v govern_v by_o a_o mayor_n a_o sheriff_n and_o two_o bailiff_n it_o be_v report_v the_o to_o the_o earl_n of_o clare_n fortify_v it_o on_o the_o north-side_n with_o wall_n and_o a_o rampire_n and_o we_o have_v it_o record_v that_o richard_n earl_n of_o clare_n make_v richard_n fitz-tankred_n governor_n of_o this_o castle_n beyond_o ros_n we_o have_v a_o spacious_a promontory_n extend_v far_o into_o the_o irish_a sea_n call_v by_o ptolemy_n octopitarum_n octopitarum_n octopitarum_n by_o the_o britain_n pebidiog_n and_o kantrev_n dewi_n and_o in_o english_a st._n david_n land_n david'-land_n st._n david'-land_n a_o land_n say_v giraldus_n both_o rocky_a and_o barren_a neither_o clad_v with_o tree_n nor_o distinguish_v with_o river_n nor_o adorn_v with_o meadow_n but_o expose_v continual_o to_o the_o wind_n and_o storm_n however_o the_o retire_a place_n and_o nursery_n of_o several_a saint_n for_o calphurnius_fw-la a_o british_a priest_n as_o some_o have_v write_v i_o know_v not_o how_o true_o beget_v here_o in_o the_o vale_n of_o rhô_n st._n patrick_n patrick_n st._n patrick_n the_o apostle_n of_o ireland_n on_o his_o wife_n concha_n sister_n of_o st._n martin_n of_o tours_n and_o dewi_n a_o most_o religious_a bishop_n translate_v the_o archiepiscopal_a seat_n from_o kaer-leion_a to_o the_o utmost_a corner_n of_o this_o place_n viz._n menew_v b_o or_o menevia_n which_o from_o he_o be_v afterward_o call_v by_o the_o britain_n tie_v dewi_n i.e._n david_n house_n by_o the_o saxon_n davyd-mynst_a and_o by_o our_o modern_a english_a st._n david_n david_n st._n david_n for_o a_o long_a time_n it_o have_v its_o archbishop_n but_o the_o plague_n rage_v very_o much_o in_o this_o country_n the_o pall_n be_v translate_v to_o dôll_v in_o little_a britain_n which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o this_o archiepiscopal_a dignity_n notwithstanding_o which_v in_o the_o late_a age_n the_o britain_n commence_v a_o action_n on_o that_o account_n against_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n metropolitan_a of_o england_n and_o wales_n but_o be_v cast_v what_o kind_n of_o place_n this_o st._n david_n be_v heretofore_o be_v hard_o to_o guess_v see_v it_o have_v be_v so_o often_o sack_v by_o pirate_n at_o present_v it_o be_v a_o very_a mean_a city_n and_o show_v only_o a_o fair_a church_n consecrate_v to_o st._n andrew_n and_o st._n david_n which_o have_v be_v often_o demolish_v be_v build_v in_o that_o form_n we_o now_o see_v it_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n by_z peter_z then_z bishop_n thereof_o and_o his_o successor_n in_o the_o vale_n as_o they_o call_v it_o of_o rhô_n under_o the_o town_n not_o far_o from_o it_o be_v the_o bishop_n palace_n and_o very_o fair_a house_n of_o the_o chanter_n who_o be_v chief_a next_o the_o bishop_n for_o here_o be_v no_o dean_n the_o chancellor_n the_o treasurer_n and_o four_o archdeacon_n who_o be_v of_o the_o canon_n whereof_o there_o be_v two_o be_v twenty_o two_o twenty_o one_o all_o enclose_a with_o a_o strong_a and_o stately_a wall_n close_a wall_n whereupon_o they_o call_v it_o the_o close_a this_o promontory_n be_v so_o far_o extend_v westward_o that_o in_o a_o clear_a day_n we_o may_v see_v ireland_n and_o from_o hence_o be_v the_o short_a passage_n into_o it_o which_o pliny_n erroneous_o compute_v to_o be_v thirty_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o country_n of_o the_o silures_n for_o he_o think_v their_o 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of_o water_n mailros_fw-la hist_o mailros_fw-la still_o remember_v what_o rub_v and_o stop_v the_o carcase_n of_o the_o scot_n give_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 1216._o after_o it_o have_v drow_v they_o with_o their_o load_n of_o english_a spoil_n and_o swallow_v up_o that_o plunder_v crew_n the_o ituna_n or_o eiden_n assoon_o as_o it_o enter_v this_o county_n receive_v from_o the_o west_n the_o river_n eimot_n flow_v out_o of_o the_o lake_n call_v ulse_n or_o ulse-water_n which_o i_o mention_v before_o near_o its_o bank_n upon_o the_o little_a river_n dacor_n be_v conquest_n be_v here_o be_v a_o castle_n stand_v which_o former_o have_v be_v a_o magnificent_a building_n and_o a_o seat_n of_o the_o family_n but_o there_o be_v no_o remains_o of_o a_o monastery_n nor_o do_v it_o appear_v by_o any_o record_n to_o have_v be_v stand_v since_o the_o conquest_n dacre-castle_n dacre_n dacre_n note_v in_o latter_a age_n for_o give_v name_n to_o the_o family_n of_o the_o baron_n de_fw-fr dacre_n dacre_n â—arons_n dacre_n and_o mention_v by_o bede_n for_o have_v a_o monastery_n in_o his_o time_n as_o also_o by_o malmesbury_n for_o be_v the_o place_n where_o constantine_n king_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o eugenius_n king_n of_o cumberland_n put_v themselves_o and_o their_o kingdom_n under_o the_o protection_n of_o king_n athelstan_n k_o somewhat_o high_o at_o a_o little_a distance_n from_o the_o confluence_n of_o eimot_n and_o loder_n at_o which_o be_v the_o round_a trench_n call_v king_n arthur_n table_n stand_v penrith_n which_o imply_v in_o british_a a_o red_a hill_n or_o head_n for_o the_o ground_n hereabout_o and_o the_o stone_n of_o which_o it_o be_v build_v be_v both_o red_a it_o be_v common_o call_v perith_n perith._n perith._n and_o be_v a_o note_a little_a market_n town_n fortify_v on_o the_o westside_n with_o a_o royal_a castle_n which_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n 6._o 6._o 6._o it_o be_v now_o in_o ruin_n and_o be_v never_o repair_v out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o maburg_n nor_o be_v that_o ever_o a_o roman_a fort_n but_o a_o danish_a temple_n this_o be_v very_o obvious_a to_o a_o curious_a eye_n and_o will_v be_v show_v at_o large_a in_o mr._n nicolson_n history_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n part_v 6._o be_v repair_v out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o maburg_n a_o roman_a fort_n hard_a by_o it_o be_v adorn_v with_o a_o pretty_a handsome_a church_n l_o have_v a_o large_a marketplace_n with_o a_o townhouse_n of_o wood_n for_o the_o convenience_n of_o the_o market-people_n which_o be_v beautify_v with_o bearâ—_n climb_v up_o a_o ragged_a staff_n the_o device_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o warwick_n former_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o durham_n but_o when_o anthony_n becc_n bishop_n of_o this_o see_v be_v grow_v haughty_a and_o insolent_a by_o his_o great_a wealth_n edward_n the_o first_o as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o book_n of_o durham_n take_v from_o he_o werk_n in_o tividale_n perith_n and_o the_o church_n of_o simondburne_n for_o 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〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d old_a time_n move_v slow_o though_o he_o know_v no_o stay_n and_o steal_v our_o voice_n as_o he_o creep_v away_o unseen_a himself_o he_o hide_v from_o mortal_a view_n thing_n that_o be_v see_v and_o thing_n unseen_a do_v show_v however_o i_o comfort_v myself_o with_o that_o distich_n of_o mimnermus_n which_o i_o know_v by_o experience_n to_o be_v true_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d oblectes_fw-la animum_fw-la plebs_fw-la est_fw-la morosa_fw-la legendo_fw-la ille_fw-la benè_fw-la de_fw-la te_fw-la dicet_fw-la at_o ille_fw-la malè_fw-la even_o rest_v content_v for_o thou_o will_v ever_o find_v thy_o labour_n some_o will_v blame_v and_o some_o commend_v the_o preface_n to_o the_o annal_n of_o ireland_n as_o the_o press_n have_v get_v thus_o far_o the_o most_o honourable_a william_n lord_n howard_n of_o naworth_n out_o of_o his_o great_a zeal_n for_o promote_a the_o knowledge_n of_o antiquity_n communicate_v to_o i_o the_o annal_n of_o ireland_n in_o ms._n reach_v from_o the_o year_n 1152._o to_o the_o year_n 1370._o and_o see_v there_o be_v nothing_o extant_a that_o i_o know_v of_o more_o perfect_a in_o this_o kind_n since_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la and_o the_o excellent_a owner_n have_v give_v i_o leave_v i_o think_v it_o very_o proper_a to_o publish_v they_o the_o world_n be_v without_o doubt_n as_o much_o indebt_v to_o the_o owner_n for_o preserve_v they_o as_o to_o the_o author_n himself_o for_o write_v they_o the_o style_n be_v rough_a and_o barren_a according_a to_o the_o age_n it_o be_v write_v in_o yet_o the_o content_n give_v great_a light_n into_o the_o irish_a history_n and_o will_v have_v be_v helpful_a to_o i_o if_o i_o have_v have_v the_o use_n of_o they_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v i_o here_o present_v they_o to_o the_o reader_n faithful_o copy_v exact_o from_o the_o original_a even_o with_o the_o error_n if_o he_o have_v any_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n more_o perfect_a i_o hope_v he_o will_v communicate_v it_o if_o 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his_o wife_n who_o suffer_v herself_o to_o be_v ravish_v with_o no_o great_a difficulty_n for_o she_o give_v he_o a_o opportunity_n to_o take_v she_o as_o we_o find_v in_o cambrensis_fw-la mclxviii_o donate_n king_n of_o uriel_n founder_v of_o mellifont_n abbey_n depart_v this_o life_n this_o year_n robert_n fitz_n stephens_n neither_o unmindful_a of_o his_o promise_n nor_o regardless_o of_o his_o faith_n come_v into_o ireland_n with_o thirty_o militibus_fw-la thirty_o militibus_fw-la knight_n mclxix_o richard_z earl_n of_o strogul_n send_v a_o certain_a young_a gentleman_n of_o his_o own_o family_n name_v remund_n into_o ireland_n with_o ten_o knight_n about_o the_o kalend_n of_o may._n the_o same_o earl_n richard_n this_o year_n attend_v with_o about_o 200_o knight_n and_o other_o to_o the_o number_n of_o a_o thousand_o or_o thereabouts_o arrive_v here_o on_o s._n bartholomew_n eve_n this_o richard_n be_v the_o son_n of_o gilbert_n earl_n of_o stroghul_n that_o be_v chippestow_v 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his_o power_n but_o he_o be_v soon_o after_o recall_v and_o succeed_v by_o jovinus_n who_o send_v back_o theodosius_n back_o possible_o a_o place_n corrupt_v theodosius_n proventuside_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o intimate_v the_o necessity_n there_o be_v of_o great_a supply_n and_o how_o much_o the_o present_a state_n of_o affair_n require_v it_o at_o last_o upon_o the_o great_a distress_n that_o island_n be_v report_v to_o be_v in_o theodosius_n be_v dispatch_v hither_o eminent_a for_o his_o exploit_n and_o good_a fortune_n he_o have_v select_v a_o strong_a body_n of_o man_n out_o of_o the_o legion_n and_o cohort_n begin_v this_o expedition_n with_o great_a hope_n the_o pict_n pict_n pict_n be_v at_o that_o time_n divide_v into_o two_o nation_n the_o dicalidonae_n and_o tecturiones_n and_o likewise_o the_o attacotti_n a_o warlike_a people_n and_o the_o scot_n scot_n attacot_n scot_n be_v range_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n for_o spoil_n and_o booty_n as_o for_o gaul_n the_o 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from_o fugitive_n and_o captive_n that_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n as_o the_o enemy_n compose_v of_o several_a nation_n and_o those_o of_o a_o fierce_a heady_a temper_n be_v not_o to_o be_v rout_v but_o by_o stratagem_n and_o surprise_n have_v publish_v his_o declaration_n and_o a_o pardon_n therein_o to_o such_o as_o will_v lay_v down_o their_o arm_n he_o order_v all_o deserter_n and_o other_o disperse_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n for_o forage_v and_o provision_n to_o repair_v to_o he_o this_o bring_v in_o many_o upon_o which_o reinforcement_n he_o think_v to_o take_v the_o field_n but_o defer_v it_o upon_o other_o consideration_n till_o he_o can_v have_v civilis_n civilis_fw-la civilis_fw-la send_v to_o be_v his_o deputy_n a_o man_n somewhat_o passionate_a but_o very_o just_a and_o upright_o and_o also_o dulcitius_n dulcitâ—s_n dulcitâ—s_n a_o gallant_a captain_n and_o experience_v in_o the_o art_n of_o war_n afterward_o take_v heart_n he_o go_v from_o augusta_n former_o call_v londinum_n with_o a_o good_a army_n which_o with_o much_o ado_n he_o have_v raise_v and_o thereby_o prove_v a_o great_a support_n to_o the_o sink_a state_n of_o the_o poor_a britain_n he_o take_v in_o all_o such_o place_n as_o may_v favour_v he_o in_o cut_v off_o the_o enemy_n by_o ambuscade_n and_o impose_v nothing_o upon_o the_o common_a soldier_n but_o what_o he_o will_v do_v himself_o thus_o he_o discharge_v the_o office_n of_o a_o active_a and_o hardy_a soldier_n as_o well_o as_o of_o a_o brave_a general_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v defeat_v several_a nation_n who_o have_v the_o insolence_n to_o invade_v the_o roman_a empire_n lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o last_a peace_n and_o restore_v both_o city_n and_o castle_n that_o be_v reduce_v to_o great_a strait_n to_o their_o former_a happiness_n in_o this_o juncture_n there_o happen_v a_o ill_a accident_n which_o may_v have_v be_v of_o dangerous_a consequence_n if_o it_o have_v not_o be_v timely_o prevent_v one_o valentinus_n britain_n valentine_n raise_v a_o disturbance_n in_o britain_n of_o valeria_n pannonia_n a_o proud_a man_n and_o brother-in-law_n to_o maximinus_n that_o intolerable_a deputy_n afterward_o lieutenant_n be_v banish_v for_o a_o heinous_a crime_n into_o this_o island_n where_o like_o some_o savage_a of_o a_o restless_a temper_n he_o put_v all_o thing_n in_o disorder_n by_o plot_n and_o insurrection_n against_o theodosius_n and_o that_o pure_o out_o of_o pride_n and_o envy_n he_o be_v the_o only_a man_n that_o can_v cope_v with_o he_o however_o that_o he_o may_v proceed_v with_o conduct_n and_o security_n in_o these_o ambitious_a pursuit_n he_o endeavour_v to_o draw_v in_o all_o exile_n and_o deserter_n to_o he_o with_o the_o encouragement_n and_o prospect_n of_o much_o booty_n but_o these_o design_n take_v air_n and_o come_v to_o the_o general_n be_v ear_n before_o they_o be_v full_a ripe_a for_o execution_n he_o take_v care_n like_o a_o wise_a captain_n to_o be_v before_o hand_n with_o he_o both_o to_o prevent_v and_o punish_v the_o conspirator_n valentinus_n himself_o with_o some_o of_o the_o chief_a of_o his_o cabal_n he_o commit_v to_o dulcitius_n to_o see_v execute_v but_o upon_o lay_v thing_n together_o for_o he_o be_v the_o wise_a and_o most_o experience_a soldier_n of_o his_o time_n he_o will_v suffer_v no_o far_o enquiry_n after_o the_o other_o conspirator_n lest_o the_o general_a terror_n which_o it_o will_v strike_v may_v again_o imbroil_v the_o province_n which_o be_v now_o in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n from_o this_o he_o turn_v his_o thought_n upon_o the_o reformation_n of_o some_o thing_n which_o now_o grow_v intolerable_a be_v free_v from_o all_o danger_n that_o may_v divert_v he_o and_o sensible_a that_o fortune_n be_v ever_o favourable_a to_o his_o design_n and_o so_o he_o apply_v himself_o to_o the_o repair_n of_o city_n and_o garison-town_n as_o we_o have_v already_o say_v and_o the_o strengthen_v the_o frontier_n and_o castle_n with_o watch_n and_o intrenchment_n have_v thus_o recover_v the_o province_n which_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o enemy_n he_o restore_v it_o so_o complete_o to_o its_o former_a state_n that_o upon_o his_o motion_n it_o have_v a_o valentia_n a_o rector_n legitimus_fw-la valentia_n lawful_a governor_n set_v over_o it_o and_o be_v afterward_o by_o the_o prince_n order_n call_v valentia_n the_o arean_o a_o sort_n of_o man_n institute_v by_o the_o ancient_n be_v displace_v by_o he_o as_o corrupt_v and_o treacherous_a be_v plain_o convict_v of_o give_v intelligence_n of_o our_o affair_n to_o the_o barbarian_n for_o reward_n and_o bribery_n for_o their_o business_n be_v to_o run_v to_o and_o fro_o with_o news_n from_o the_o neighbour_a country_n to_o our_o captain_n after_o these_o regulation_n and_o some_o other_o make_v by_o he_o with_o great_a applause_n he_o be_v send_v for_o to_o court_n leave_v the_o province_n in_o such_o a_o calm_a and_o happy_a condition_n that_o he_o be_v no_o less_o honour_v for_o his_o success_n and_o victory_n than_o furius_n camillus_n or_o cursor_n papirius_n and_o so_o be_v attend_v with_o the_o acclamation_n of_o all_o as_o far_o as_o the_o sea_n he_o sail_v over_o with_o a_o gentle_a gale_n and_o arrive_v at_o the_o prince_n camp_n where_o he_o be_v receive_v with_o great_a joy_n and_o commendation_n for_o these_o famous_a exploit_n here_o a_o statue_n on_o horseback_n be_v erect_v in_o honour_n of_o he_o as_o symmachus_n to_o his_o son_n theodosius_n the_o emperor_n inform_v we_o the_o founder_n of_o your_o stock_n and_o family_n be_v one_o that_o be_v general_n both_o in_o africa_n and_o britain_n honour_v by_o the_o senate_n with_o his_o statue_n on_o horseback_n among_o the_o ancient_a hero_n thus_o claudian_n likewise_o in_o his_o commendation_n ille_fw-la caledoniis_fw-la posuit_fw-la qui_fw-la castra_fw-la pruinis_fw-la qui_fw-la medio_fw-la libyae_n sub_fw-la casside_fw-la pertulit_fw-la aestus_fw-la terribilis_fw-la mauro_n
never_o have_v any_o such_o mode_n of_o paint_v among_o they_o or_o that_o they_o be_v the_o agathyrsi_n of_o thrace_n a_o people_n so_o very_o far_o off_o and_o not_o rather_o that_o they_o be_v the_o britain_n themselves_o see_v they_o be_v in_o the_o same_o island_n and_o have_v the_o very_a same_o custom_n of_o paint_v nor_o be_v these_o barbarian_n who_o so_o long_o infest_a the_o roman_n by_o their_o sally_n from_o the_o caledonian_n wood_n express_v by_o any_o other_o name_n in_o old_a author_n such_o as_o dio_fw-mi herodian_a vopiscus_n etc._n etc._n than_o that_o of_o britain_n likewise_o tacitus_n who_o give_v a_o full_a account_n of_o that_o war_n that_o his_o father_n in_o law_n agricola_n carry_v on_o in_o this_o outward_a part_n of_o britain_n call_v the_o inhabitant_n by_o no_o other_o name_n than_o this_o of_o britanni_n and_o è_fw-la caledonia_n britanni_n whereas_o these_o newcomer_n the_o pict_n have_v be_v here_o ten_o year_n before_o according_a to_o the_o report_n of_o our_o modern_a writer_n which_o i_o will_v have_v notice_n take_v of_o because_o tacitus_n know_v nothing_o at_o all_o of_o they_o in_o his_o time_n nor_o will_v those_o roman_a emperor_n who_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n with_o success_n against_o they_o namely_o commodus_n severus_n with_o bassianus_n and_o geta_n his_o son_n have_v assume_v the_o title_n of_o britannici_n upon_o the_o conquest_n of_o they_o in_o case_n they_o have_v not_o be_v britain_n without_o doubt_n if_o the_o roman_n to_o who_o every_o thing_n unknown_a be_v magnificent_a have_v conquer_v any_o other_o nation_n different_a from_o the_o britain_n and_o which_o they_o know_v not_o of_o before_o whether_o they_o have_v be_v call_v pict_n or_o scot_n will_v have_v have_v those_o title_n of_o pict_n or_o scot_n in_o their_o coin_n and_o inscription_n tacitus_n conjecture_n from_o their_o red_a hair_n and_o the_o bigness_n of_o their_o limb_n that_o they_o come_v original_o from_o germany_n but_o immediate_o after_o he_o more_o true_o ascribe_v it_o to_o the_o climate_n which_o model_n the_o body_n in_o it_o whereupon_o also_o vitruvius_n those_o part_n towards_o the_o north-pole_n produce_v man_n of_o huge_a bulk_n taunish_v colour_n and_o lank_a red_a hair_n moreover_o that_o the_o caledonian_n who_o be_v without_o dispute_n britain_n be_v the_o very_a same_o with_o the_o pict_n we_o have_v another_o hint_n in_o that_o of_o the_o panegyrist_n caledonum_fw-la aliorumque_fw-la pictorum_fw-la sylvas_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o if_o the_o caledonian_n be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o pict_n and_o that_o these_o caledonian_n be_v a_o british_a nation_n martial_n intimate_v in_o this_o verse_n of_o he_o quinte_n caledonios_n ovidi_fw-la visure_n britannos_fw-la friend_n ovid_n who_o your_o voyage_n now_o design_n to_o caledonian_n britain_n &c._n &c._n ausonius_n also_o who_o at_o the_o same_o time_n show_v we_o they_o be_v paint_v when_o he_o thus_o compare_v their_o colour_n to_o green_a moss_n mix_v with_o gravel_n viridem_fw-la distinguit_fw-la glarea_fw-la muscum_fw-la tota_n caledoniis_fw-la talis_fw-la pictura_fw-la britannis_fw-la green_a moss_n with_o yellow_a sand_n distinguish_v grow_v just_o so_o the_o caledonian_n britain_n show_v but_o as_o these_o go_v current_n for_o a_o long_a time_n by_o no_o other_o name_n than_o that_o of_o britain_n and_o that_o too_o draw_v from_o their_o paint_a body_n so_o afterward_o about_o the_o time_n of_o maximinian_n and_o dioclesian_n before_o which_o the_o word_n pict_n be_v not_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o in_o any_o writer_n when_o britain_n have_v be_v so_o long_o a_o province_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n begin_v to_o understand_v the_o provincial_a latin_a these_o than_o seem_v first_o to_o have_v be_v call_v pict_n to_o distinguish_v they_o from_o those_o who_o be_v confederate_a with_o the_o roman_n and_o call_v britain_n and_o what_o can_v give_v occasion_n for_o call_v they_o pict_n but_o that_o they_o paint_v themselves_o but_o if_o any_o one_o do_v not_o believe_v that_o ever_o our_o britain_n make_v use_n of_o the_o provincial_a latin_a he_o have_v not_o observe_v what_o care_n be_v take_v by_o the_o roman_n to_o induce_v the_o province_n to_o speak_v that_o language_n nor_o what_o multitude_n of_o latin_a word_n have_v creep_v into_o the_o british_a tongue_n so_o that_o i_o need_v not_o urge_v this_o point_n any_o far_o with_o the_o authority_n of_o tacitus_n who_o write_v that_o in_o domitian_n time_n the_o britain_n affect_v the_o eloquence_n of_o the_o roman_a language_n but_o as_o for_o this_o name_n of_o the_o pict_n 37._o lib._n 4._o c._n 37._o the_o authority_n of_o flavius_n vegetius_n will_v clear_v all_o doubt_n concern_v it_o he_o in_o some_o measure_n demonstrate_v that_o the_o britain_n use_v the_o word_n pictae_fw-la to_o express_v a_o thing_n colour_v in_o the_o very_a same_o sense_n that_o the_o roman_n do_v for_o he_o say_v that_o the_o britain_n call_v your_o scout-pinnace_n pictae_fw-la the_o sail_n and_o cable_n thereof_o be_v die_v blue_a and_o the_o mariner_n and_o soldier_n clad_v in_o habit_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n certain_o if_o the_o britain_n will_v call_v ship_n from_o their_o sail_n of_o blue-dye_a pictae_fw-la there_o be_v no_o reason_n in_o the_o world_n why_o they_o shall_v not_o give_v the_o name_n picti_n to_o a_o people_n that_o paint_v their_o body_n with_o several_a colour_n and_o especial_o with_o blue_a for_o that_o be_v the_o die_v that_o woad_n give_v this_o far_a make_v for_o our_o purpose_n that_o the_o northern_a pict_n convert_v to_o christianity_n by_o the_o preach_n and_o example_n of_o s._n columbanus_n be_v call_v in_o the_o old_a saxon_a annal_n pihtas_n annal_n in_o all_o the_o copy_n i_o have_v sâ—en_o they_o be_v simple_o call_v pihtas_n brittas_n pechtas_n as_o if_o one_o shall_v say_v british_a pict_n pict_n language_n of_o the_o pict_n the_o reason_n why_o i_o have_v not_o many_o argument_n draw_v from_o the_o language_n of_o the_o pict_n be_v because_o hardly_o a_o syllable_n of_o it_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o author_n however_o it_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o british_a bede_n tell_v we_o that_o a_o vallum_n hol._n vallum_n make_a against_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o pict_n hol._n begin_v at_o a_o place_n call_v in_o the_o pictish_a tongue_n penuahel_n now_o pengual_n in_o british_a plain_o signify_v a_o head_n or_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o vallum_fw-la moreover_o in_o all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o island_n which_o be_v long_a possess_v by_o the_o pict_n and_o that_o be_v the_o east_n part_n of_o scotland_n many_o name_n of_o place_n seem_v to_o imply_v a_o british_a original_a for_o example_n morria_n marnia_n from_o the_o british_a word_n mor_n because_o those_o country_n border_v upon_o the_o sea_n aberden_n abenlothneâ—_n aberdore_n aberneith_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o den_n of_o the_o lothnet_n of_o the_o door_n and_o of_o the_o neith_n from_o the_o british_a word_n aber_n which_o signify_v the_o mouth_n of_o a_o river_n so_o strathbolgy_n strathdee_n strathearn_n that_o be_v the_o vale_n of_o bolgy_n of_o the_o dee_n and_o of_o the_o earn_v from_o the_o word_n strath_n which_o mean_v a_o valley_n in_o british_a nay_o the_o very_a metropolis_n of_o the_o pict_n own_v its_o name_n to_o be_v the_o offspring_n of_o no_o other_o language_n but_o the_o british_a i_o mean_v edinburgh_n which_o ptolemy_n call_v castrum_n alatum_fw-la for_o aden_n signify_v a_o wing_n in_o british_a nor_o will_v i_o wrest_v it_o to_o a_o argument_n that_o some_o of_o the_o petty_a king_n of_o the_o pict_n be_v call_v bridii_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o british_a britannia_fw-la british_a the_o true_a signification_n of_o birth_n see_v before_o under_o the_o â—itle_n name_v of_o britain_n and_o somner_n gloslarie_n to_o the_o decem_fw-la scriptores_fw-la under_fw-la britannia_fw-la paint_a as_o i_o have_v often_o observe_v already_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o pretty_a clear_o follow_v that_o â—e_a language_n of_o the_o pict_n be_v not_o different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o britain_n and_o therefore_o that_o the_o nation_n be_v not_o several_a and_o distinct_a although_o bede_n speak_v of_o the_o language_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o britain_n as_o quit_v different_a in_o which_o place_n perhaps_o he_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v mean_v only_o dialect_v by_o the_o term_n of_o language_n nor_o be_v it_o strange_a that_o the_o pict_n shall_v by_o their_o incursion_n give_v great_a slaughter_n to_o their_o countryman_n the_o britain_n see_v at_o this_o day_n in_o ireland_n those_o that_o be_v there_o subject_a to_o the_o english_a have_v no_o such_o malicious_a and_o spiteful_a enemy_n as_o their_o own_o fellow-natives_a the_o wild-irish_a for_o as_o paulus_n diaconus_fw-la have_v it_o just_o as_o the_o goth_n hyppogoth_n gepidians_n and_o vandal_n change_v their_o name_n only_o and_o speak_v the_o
far_o in_o this_o from_o cast_v any_o reflection_n upon_o they_o that_o i_o have_v rather_o love_v they_o the_o more_o as_o man_n of_o the_o same_o blood_n and_o extraction_n and_o have_v ever_o respect_v they_o even_o when_o the_o kingdom_n be_v distinct_a and_o now_o much_o more_o since_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o god_n we_o be_v unite_v into_o one_o body_n under_o one_o sovereign_a head_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n which_o may_v the_o almighty_a sanctify_v to_o the_o good_a happy_a prosperous_a and_o peaceful_a state_n of_o both_o nation_n the_o 15._o the_o see_v bishop_n usher_n antiquitat_fw-la ecclâ—s_n britan._n cap._n 15._o beginning_n and_o etymology_n of_o the_o scotch_a nation_n as_o well_o as_o its_o neighbour_n be_v so_o wrap_v up_o in_o mist_n and_o darkness_n that_o even_o the_o sagacious_a buchanan_n either_o do_v not_o discover_v it_o or_o only_o discover_v it_o to_o himself_o for_o he_o have_v not_o answer_v the_o expectation_n of_o the_o world_n concern_v he_o in_o this_o point_n upon_o this_o account_n i_o have_v long_o forbear_v enter_v the_o list_n and_o play_v the_o fool_n with_o other_o in_o admire_a fable_n for_o a_o man_n may_v as_o colourable_o refer_v the_o original_n of_o scotland_n to_o the_o god_n as_o to_o scota_n that_o sham-daughter_n of_o pharaoh_n daughter_n scota_n pharaâ—h's_n daughter_n king_n of_o egypt_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o gaithelus_n son_n of_o cecrops_n the_o founder_n of_o athens_n but_o as_o this_o opinion_n be_v reject_v by_o those_o that_o be_v ingenuous_a among_o the_o scot_n themselves_o as_o spring_v from_o a_o gross_a ignorance_n of_o antiquity_n so_o this_o other_o of_o a_o late_a date_n absurd_o take_v from_o a_o greek_a original_a that_o the_o scot_n be_v so_o call_v quasi_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o say_v obscure_a ought_v likewise_o to_o be_v hiss_v out_o and_o expose_v as_o spiteful_o contrive_v in_o dishonour_n to_o a_o most_o famous_a and_o warlike_a nation_n nor_o be_v that_o opinion_n of_o our_o florilegus_n namely_o that_o the_o scot_n be_v so_o call_v as_o arise_v from_o a_o confuse_a meddley_n of_o nation_n universal_o current_a yet_o i_o can_v but_o admire_v upon_o what_o ground_n isidorus_n can_v say_v 2_o l._n 9_o c._n 2_o that_o the_o scot_n in_o their_o own_o tongue_n have_v their_o name_n from_o their_o paint_a body_n because_o they_o be_v mark_v by_o iron_n needle_n with_o ink_n and_o the_o print_n of_o various_a figure_n which_o be_v also_o cite_v in_o the_o same_o word_n hoi_fw-fr word_n dâ—â—â—â—â—_n out_o oâ—â—â—m_n hoi_fw-fr by_o rabanus_n maurus_n in_o his_o geography_n to_o the_o emperor_n lodovicus_n pius_n now_o extant_a in_o trinity_n college_n library_n at_o oxford_n but_o see_v scotland_n have_v nurse_v up_o those_o that_o can_v trace_v her_o original_a from_o the_o high_a step_n of_o antiquity_n and_o do_v it_o both_o to_o their_o own_o honour_n and_o that_o of_o their_o country_n if_o they_o will_v but_o employ_v their_o whole_a care_n and_o thought_n for_o a_o while_n upon_o it_o i_o will_v only_o give_v some_o short_a touch_n upon_o those_o thing_n which_o may_v afford_v they_o some_o light_n into_o the_o truth_n of_o it_o and_o offer_v some_o other_o which_o i_o will_v have_v they_o weigh_v a_o little_a diligent_o for_o i_o will_v not_o pretend_v to_o determine_v any_o thing_n in_o this_o controversy_n first_o therefore_o of_o their_o original_n and_o then_o of_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v transplant_v into_o ireland_n scot_n ireland_n the_o country_n of_o the_o scot_n for_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o out_o of_o ireland_n a_o isle_n people_v former_o by_o the_o britain_n as_o shall_v be_v say_v in_o its_o proper_a place_n they_o be_v transport_v into_o britain_n and_o that_o they_o be_v seat_v in_o ireland_n when_o first_o know_v to_o any_o writer_n by_o that_o name_n so_o claudian_n speak_v of_o their_o inroad_n into_o britain_n totam_fw-la cum_fw-la scotus_n hibernem_fw-la movit_fw-la &_o infesto_fw-la spumavit_fw-la remige_fw-la thetis_n when_o scot_n come_v thunder_v from_o the_o irish_a shore_n and_o the_o ocean_n tremble_v strike_v with_o hostile_a oar_n in_o another_o place_n also_o scotorum_fw-la cumulos_fw-la flevit_fw-la glacialis_fw-la hiberne_n and_o freeze_a ireland_n moan_v the_o crowd_v heap_n of_o murder_a scot_n orosius_n likewise_o write_v that_o ireland_n be_v people_v by_o nation_n of_o the_o scot_n agreeable_a be_v also_o that_o of_o isidore_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n be_v the_o same_o but_o it_o be_v call_v scotland_n because_o it_o be_v people_v by_o nation_n of_o the_o scot_n gildas_n call_v they_o hibâ—rnos_fw-la grassatores_fw-la irish_a robber_n bede_n also_o the_o scot_n who_o inhabit_v ireland_n a_o island_n next_o to_o britain_n and_o so_o in_o other_o place_n eginhardus_fw-la who_o live_v in_o the_o age_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a express_o call_v ireland_n the_o island_n of_o the_o scot_n thus_o also_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la that_o the_o scotch_a nation_n be_v the_o offspring_n of_o ireland_n the_o resemblance_n of_o their_o language_n and_o dress_n as_o well_o as_o of_o their_o weapon_n and_o custom_n continue_v to_o this_o day_n do_v sufficient_o prove_v but_o now_o for_o that_o i_o have_v to_o offer_v to_o be_v consider_v by_o the_o scot_n gael_n gaâ—oâ—â—â—l_o 〈◊〉_d gâ—â—thel_n and_o gael_n since_o they_o who_o be_v the_o true_a genuine_a scot_n own_o not_o the_o name_n of_o scot_n but_o call_v themselves_o gaoithel_n gael_n and_o albin_n and_o many_o people_n be_v call_v by_o their_o neighbour_n after_o another_o name_n than_o what_o they_o give_v themselves_o by_o which_o the_o first_o rise_v of_o a_o nation_n be_v often_o trace_v as_o for_o instance_n the_o people_n of_o the_o low_a pannonia_n who_o call_v themselves_o magier_n be_v call_v by_o the_o dutch_a hungari_n because_o they_o be_v original_o hunns_n those_o border_n upon_o the_o forest_n hercynia_n go_v by_o the_o name_n of_o czechi_n among_o themselves_o whereas_o they_o be_v call_v by_o other_o bohaemi_n because_o they_o be_v the_o offspring_n of_o the_o bott_n in_o gaul_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o africa_n who_o have_v also_o a_o name_n among_o themselves_o be_v nevertheless_o call_v by_o the_o spaniard_n alarbe_n because_o they_o be_v arabian_n the_o irish_a who_o call_v themselves_o erenach_n be_v by_o our_o britain_n call_v gwidhill_n and_o both_o the_o irish_a and_o britain_n give_v we_o english_a no_o other_o name_n than_o sasson_n because_o we_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o saxon_n since_o these_o thing_n be_v thus_o i_o will_v desire_v it_o may_v be_v examine_v by_o the_o scot_n whether_o they_o be_v so_o call_v by_o their_o neighbour_n quasi_fw-la scythae_n for_o as_o the_o low_a dutch_a call_v both_o the_o scythian_n and_o scot_n by_o this_o one_o word_n scutten_n so_o it_o be_v observe_v from_o the_o british_a writer_n that_o our_o britain_n likewise_o call_v both_o of_o they_o yscot_n ninnius_n also_o express_o call_v the_o british_a inhabitant_n of_o ireland_n scythae_n and_o gildas_n name_v that_o sea_n over_o which_o they_o pass_v out_o of_o ireland_n into_o britain_n vallis_n scythica_n scythica_n vâ—llis_fw-la scythica_n for_o so_o it_o be_v in_o the_o paris_n edition_n of_o he_o whereas_o other_o absurd_o read_v it_o styticha_n vallis_fw-la again_o king_n alfred_n who_o 7_o hundred_o year_n ago_o turn_v orosius_n history_n into_o saxon_n translate_v scots_a by_o the_o word_n scyttan_n and_o our_o own_o borderer_n to_o scotland_n do_v not_o call_v they_o scot_n but_o scytte_n and_o scett_n hâ—podigma_n in_o his_o hâ—podigma_n for_o as_o the_o same_o people_n be_v call_v so_o walsingham_n have_v it_o getae_n getici_fw-la gothi_n gothici_n so_o from_o one_o and_o the_o same_o original_n come_v scythae_n scitici_fw-la scoti_n scotici_n but_o then_o whether_o this_o name_n be_v give_v this_o nation_n by_o the_o neighbour_n upon_o account_n of_o its_o scythian_a manner_n or_o because_o they_o come_v from_o scythia_n i_o will_v have_v they_o next_o to_o consider_v 6._o lib._n 6._o for_o diodorus_n siculus_n and_o strabo_n express_o compare_v the_o old_a people_n of_o ireland_n 4._o sâ—rabo_n l._n 4._o which_o be_v the_o true_a and_o native_a country_n of_o the_o scot_n with_o the_o scythian_n in_o barbarity_n beside_o they_o drink_v the_o blood_n out_o of_o the_o wound_n of_o the_o slay_v they_o ratify_v their_o league_n with_o a_o draught_n of_o blood_n on_o both_o side_n and_o the_o wild_a irish_a as_o also_o those_o that_o be_v true_a scot_n think_v their_o honour_n less_o or_o great_a in_o proportion_n to_o the_o number_n they_o have_v slay_v as_o the_o scythian_n heretofore_o do_v far_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o main_a weapon_n among_o the_o scot_n as_o well_o as_o among_o the_o scythian_n be_v bow_n and_o arrow_n for_o orpheus_n call_v the_o scythian_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o aelian_a and_o julius_n pollux_n sagittarii_fw-la that_o
be_v to_o say_v archer_n whereupon_o the_o learned_a be_v of_o opinion_n that_o both_o nation_n take_v their_o name_n from_o their_o skill_n in_o arch_v nor_o be_v it_o strange_a that_o several_a nation_n shall_v take_v the_o same_o name_n from_o the_o same_o manner_n since_o those_o that_o have_v travel_v the_o west-indies_n tell_v we_o that_o all_o stout_a man_n who_o with_o their_o bow_n and_o arrow_n infest_v the_o whole_a india_n and_o the_o island_n about_o it_o benzâ—â—_n caribeâ—_n benzâ—â—_n be_v call_v by_o this_o one_o name_n of_o caribe_n though_o they_o be_v of_o several_a nation_n but_o that_o they_o come_v from_o scythia_n the_o irish_a historian_n themselves_o relate_v for_o they_o reckon_v nemethus_n the_o scythian_a and_o long_o after_o that_o dela_n descend_v from_o the_o posterity_n of_o nemethus_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o scythian_a extraction_n among_o the_o first_o inhabitant_n of_o ireland_n ninnius_n also_o eluodugus_n scholar_n express_o write_v thus_o in_o the_o four_o age_n of_o the_o world_n he_o mean_v that_o space_n between_o the_o build_n of_o the_o temple_n and_o the_o babylonish_n captivity_n the_o scythian_n possess_v themselves_o of_o ireland_n agreeable_a with_o this_o be_v the_o authority_n of_o modern_a writer_n of_o cisnerus_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o crantzius_n 37_o tom._n 1._o p._n 37_o and_o reinerus_n reineccius_n who_o say_v there_o remain_v descend_v from_o the_o scythian_n a_o nation_n of_o scot_n in_o britain_n etc._n etc._n yet_o i_o very_o much_o question_n notwithstanding_o the_o getes_n be_v a_o scythick_n nation_n whether_o propertius_n mean_v our_o irish_a in_o this_o of_o he_o hibernique_fw-la getae_n pictoque_fw-la britannia_fw-la curru_fw-la and_o irish_a getes_n and_o british_a foe_n that_o ride_v in_o paint_a chariot_n but_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o scot_n forsooth_o be_v not_o to_o be_v save_v in_o this_o point_n irelanâ—_n from_o whence_o the_o scoâ—_n camâ—_n 〈◊〉_d irelanâ—_n unless_o they_o be_v transplant_v from_o spain_n into_o ireland_n for_o this_o both_o they_o and_o their_o historian_n as_o zealous_o stickle_v for_o as_o if_o their_o life_n and_o liberty_n be_v at_o stake_n and_o indeed_o not_o without_o reason_n and_o therefore_o all_o this_o be_v but_o lose_a labour_n if_o there_o be_v no_o scythian_n to_o be_v find_v in_o spain_n spâ—â—â—_n scythâ—â—â—_n in_o spâ—â—â—_n that_o the_o scythian_n than_o be_v there_o not_o to_o mention_v that_o promontory_n among_o the_o cantabri_n call_v scythicum_n next_o to_o ireland_n nor_o to_o heed_n what_o strabo_n write_v that_o the_o cantabri_n be_v like_o the_o scythian_n in_o manner_n and_o barbarity_n be_v clear_o show_v we_o by_o silius_n italicus_n who_o be_v bear_v in_o spain_n for_o that_o the_o concani_n concaâ—_n concaâ—_n a_o nation_n of_o cantabria_n be_v the_o offspring_n of_o the_o massagetae_n that_o be_v the_o scythian_n appear_v by_o this_o verse_n of_o he_o et_fw-la quae_fw-la massagetem_fw-la monstrans_fw-la feritate_fw-la parentem_fw-la cornipedis_fw-la fusa_fw-la satiaris_fw-la concane_n venâ_fw-la â—_o lib._n â—_o concans_n that_o show_v themselves_o of_o scythian_a strain_n and_o horse_n blood_n drink_v from_o the_o reek_a vein_n some_o few_o line_n after_o he_o inform_v we_o that_o the_o sarmatae_n who_o be_v grant_v by_o all_o to_o be_v scythian_n build_v susana_n a_o city_n of_o spain_n in_o this_o verse_n sarmaticos_fw-la attollens_fw-la susana_n muros_fw-la susan_n that_o rear_v her_o proud_a sarmatian_a wall_n from_o these_o sarmatae_n or_o scythian_n the_o luceni_n luceni_n luceni_n which_o orosius_n place_n in_o ireland_n seem_v to_o be_v descend_v see_v susana_n be_v reckon_v by_o the_o spaniard_n themselves_o among_o the_o lucensii_n as_o likewise_o the_o gangani_n of_o ireland_n from_o these_o concani_n for_o the_o lucensii_n and_o concani_n among_o the_o cantabri_n be_v neighbour_n as_o the_o luceni_n and_o gangani_n be_v in_o that_o coast_n of_o ireland_n which_o lie_v towards_o spain_n if_o any_o one_o start_v the_o question_n who_o these_o scythian_n be_v that_o come_v into_o spain_n i_o can_v say_v nothing_o to_o it_o unless_o you_o will_v allow_v they_o to_o have_v be_v german_n i_o wish_v the_o scot_n themselves_o will_v consider_v a_o little_a far_o of_o it_o spain_n germaâ—s_n in_o spain_n that_o the_o german_n former_o enter_v into_o spain_n not_o to_o urge_v pliny_n who_o call_v the_o oretani_n of_o spain_n german_n seneca_n who_o be_v himself_o a_o spaniard_n will_v show_v we_o 1._o de_fw-fr câ—â—â—_n ad_fw-la alâ—â—â—_n l._n 4._o c._n 1._o the_o pyrenees_n he_o say_v do_v not_o stop_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o german_n the_o freakishness_n of_o humane_a nature_n draw_v itself_o into_o these_o impassable_a and_o unknown_a way_n and_o that_o the_o german_n be_v call_v scythian_n may_v not_o only_o be_v gather_v from_o ephorus_n and_o strabo_n who_o call_v all_o those_o nation_n towards_o the_o north_n scythian_n but_o also_o from_o pliny_n the_o name_n of_o the_o scythian_n say_v he_o be_v every_o where_o use_v among_o the_o sarmatae_n and_o german_n aventinus_n be_v a_o witness_n that_o the_o german_n be_v name_v scythae_n and_o scythulae_fw-la by_o the_o hungarian_n now_o to_o derive_v their_o original_a from_o the_o scythian_n can_v no_o way_n be_v dishonourable_a since_o they_o be_v not_o only_o a_o most_o ancient_a people_n but_o have_v conquer_v many_o other_o nation_n and_o have_v ever_o be_v invincible_a themselves_o and_o free_a from_o the_o yoke_n of_o any_o other_o empire_n i_o must_v not_o omit_v that_o the_o cauci_n and_o menapii_n who_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o most_o famous_a nation_n in_o germany_n be_v place_v by_o the_o same_o name_n and_o at_o the_o same_o distance_n by_o ptolemy_n in_o ireland_n which_o make_v it_o probable_a that_o they_o take_v both_o their_o name_n and_o original_n from_o the_o say_a german_n â—â—â—aâ—s_n â—â—â—aâ—s_n if_o the_o scot_n be_v not_o descend_v from_o these_o i_o will_v have_v they_o consider_v whether_o they_o be_v not_o the_o offspring_n of_o those_o barbarian_n who_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o gallaecia_n in_o spain_n by_o constantine_n the_o great_a according_a to_o king_n alphonsus_n chronicle_n for_o it_o be_v from_o those_o part_n that_o they_o will_v have_v themselves_o to_o have_v be_v transplant_v into_o ireland_n if_o they_o examine_v what_o these_o barbarian_n be_v i_o do_v not_o doubt_v but_o they_o will_v agree_v with_o i_o that_o they_o be_v germane_a for_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o gallienus_n orosius_n say_v that_o the_o remote_a germane_a possess_v themselves_o of_o spain_n then_o waste_v and_o who_o can_v these_o remote_a german_n be_v but_o the_o scythian_n but_o that_o edition_n of_o aurelius_n victor_n publish_v by_o andreas_n schottus_n call_v those_o german_n frank_n yet_o see_v these_o frank_n and_o the_o remote_a german_n sail_v out_o of_o germany_n be_v carry_v a_o long_a way_n by_o stress_n of_o weather_n into_o the_o ocean_n and_o as_o nazarius_n say_v to_o constantine_n infest_a the_o spanish_a coast_n all_o along_o our_o sea_n who_o can_v ever_o believe_v that_o they_o leave_v ireland_n a_o most_o fruitful_a island_n and_o rare_o well_o situate_v for_o cruise_v upon_o spain_n for_o the_o dry_a barren_a soil_n of_o biscay_n nay_o rather_o as_o the_o norwegian_n from_o scandia_n in_o the_o time_n of_o charlemagne_n and_o afterward_o often_o invade_v ireland_n and_o get_v possession_n there_o so_o we_o may_v imagine_v and_o that_o very_o probable_o that_o former_o the_o frank_n do_v the_o same_o and_o that_o they_o be_v transport_v from_o thence_o to_o spain_n and_o be_v drive_v out_o there_o by_o constantine_n the_o great_a 7._o â—â—sius_fw-la â—_o 7._o return_v to_o ireland_n it_o be_v also_o likely_a that_o more_o of_o they_o afterward_o go_v thither_o as_o well_o when_o the_o vandal_n and_o the_o goth_n make_v those_o tragical_a outrage_n in_o spain_n and_o the_o barbarian_n fall_v to_o war_n among_o themselves_o and_o so_o kill_v and_o plunder_v one_o another_o as_o when_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o saracen_n gall_v the_o spaniard_n and_o drive_v many_o of_o they_o into_o gallitia_n and_o cantabria_n but_o let_v other_o examine_v these_o matter_n it_o may_v suffice_v for_o i_o that_o i_o be_v at_o least_o willing_a to_o remove_v this_o cloud_n the_o next_o query_n i_o will_v offer_v to_o be_v consider_v by_o they_o be_v how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o irish_a who_o be_v the_o ancestor_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o the_o scot_n themselves_o glory_n in_o the_o name_n gael_n and_o gaiothel_n and_o in_o their_o language_n be_v call_v gaicthlac_n and_o why_o they_o name_v that_o part_n of_o britain_n where_o they_o first_o settle_v argathel_n from_o what_o original_a can_v they_o derive_v these_o name_n from_o the_o gallaeci_n in_o spain_n many_o of_o who_o doubtless_o shift_v into_o ireland_n and_o who_o first_o original_a be_v to_o be_v fetch_v from_o the_o gallati_n or_o gaul_n or_o from_o the_o goth_n as_o some_o
modern_n be_v of_o opinion_n who_o will_v deduce_v the_o word_n gaiothel_n as_o cathalonia_n in_o spain_n from_o the_o goth_n here_o they_o may_v seek_v proof_n from_o the_o resemblance_n between_o the_o gothick_n language_n and_o the_o irish_a which_o yet_o have_v no_o congruity_n with_o any_o other_o language_n of_o europe_n that_o i_o can_v find_v but_o only_o the_o british_a and_o the_o german_n how_o true_a that_o of_o huntingdon_n may_v be_v the_o scot_n come_v from_o spain_n to_o ireland_n in_o the_o four_o age_n of_o the_o world_n a_o part_n of_o they_o still_o remain_v speak_v the_o same_o language_n and_o be_v call_v navarri_n i_o say_v how_o true_a this_o passage_n be_v let_v other_o judge_n i_o here_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o david_n chambres_fw-fr a_o scotchman_n who_o have_v be_v inform_v by_o the_o jesuit_n that_o the_o scotch_a language_n be_v speak_v in_o the_o east-indies_n i_o be_o afraid_a the_o distance_n of_o that_o country_n may_v prompt_v the_o credulous_a 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possess_v himself_o of_o the_o empire_n gratian_n and_o valentinian_n brother_n and_o partner_n in_o the_o empire_n ship_v over_o the_o goth_n a_o nation_n hardy_a and_o valiant_a be_v at_o that_o time_n either_o their_o ally_n or_o subject_n and_o oblige_v to_o they_o by_o some_o imperial_a favour_n from_o the_o border_n of_o scythia_n into_o the_o north_n part_n of_o britain_n in_o order_n to_o annoy_v they_o and_o make_v they_o call_v back_o the_o usurper_n with_o their_o youth_n but_o they_o be_v too_o strong_a both_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o natural_a valour_n of_o the_o goth_n and_o also_o because_o they_o find_v the_o island_n destitute_a of_o man_n and_o strength_n possess_v themselves_o of_o no_o small_a territory_n in_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o island_n but_o now_o who_o these_o goth_n be_v other_o must_v find_v out_o unless_o they_o may_v be_v allow_v to_o be_v scot_n and_o perhaps_o they_o may_v have_v some_o light_n into_o that_o search_n from_o procopius_n where_o belisarius_n answer_v the_o goth_n expostulate_v why_o they_o have_v grant_v sicily_n to_o the_o roman_n in_o these_o word_n gothorum_fw-la lib._n 2._o de_fw-la bello_fw-la gothorum_fw-la we_o permit_v the_o goth_n likewise_o to_o have_v britain_n which_o be_v much_o more_o excellent_a than_o sicily_n be_v heretofore_o conquer_v by_o the_o roman_n for_o it_o be_v reason_n that_o they_o who_o bestow_v favour_n shall_v receive_v either_o equal_a thanks_o or_o a_o equal_a return_n of_o kindness_n to_o this_o also_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v refer_v what_o the_o scot_n write_v of_o fergusius_n the_o scot_n be_v a_o companion_n of_o alarick_n the_o goth_n at_o the_o sack_n of_o rome_n 25._o lib._n 6._o cap._n 25._o what_o irenicus_n tell_v we_o of_o gensricus_n king_n of_o the_o vandal_n go_v over_o to_o scotland_n and_o britain_n and_o what_o cambrensis_fw-la i_o know_v not_o upon_o how_o good_a authority_n relate_v of_o the_o gaideli_fw-la or_o scots_a take_v not_o only_o their_o name_n but_o their_o original_n from_o the_o vandal_n who_o as_o p._n diaconus_fw-la inform_v we_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o goth_n nor_o be_v it_o to_o be_v think_v a_o diminution_n of_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o scot_n if_o they_o own_v themselves_o the_o progeny_n of_o the_o goth_n when_o the_o most_o potent_a king_n of_o spain_n value_v themselves_o upon_o that_o extraction_n and_o the_o great_a of_o the_o nobility_n among_o the_o italian_n either_o derive_v their_o pedigree_n from_o the_o goth_n or_o at_o least_o pretend_v to_o do_v it_o lemnius_n levinus_n lemnius_n and_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o be_v wont_a to_o say_v in_o good_a earnest_n that_o all_o the_o nobility_n of_o europe_n be_v derive_v from_o scandia_n and_o the_o goth_n however_o all_o this_o be_v not_o so_o weighty_a as_o that_o i_o dare_v persuade_v myself_o that_o the_o scot_n be_v the_o real_a off_o spring_n of_o the_o goth_n in_o short_a siculus_n diodorus_n siculus_n i_o will_v have_v the_o learned_a part_n of_o the_o scotchman_n consider_v whether_o they_o be_v not_o descend_v from_o the_o old_a british_a inhabitant_n of_o ireland_n for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o british_a former_o inhabit_v ireland_n and_o whether_o they_o be_v call_v scythae_n or_o scoti_n because_o they_o be_v like_o the_o scythian_n in_o manner_n or_o because_o they_o be_v the_o real_a scythian_n that_o come_v out_o of_o scandia_n or_o scythia_n to_o who_o the_o gallaeci_n frank_n or_o german_n drive_v out_o of_o spain_n and_o also_o the_o goth_n or_o vandal_n join_v themselves_o when_o spain_n be_v embroil_v with_o a_o bloody_a war_n or_o else_o that_o medley_n of_o people_n that_o flock_v into_o ireland_n and_o thereupon_o get_v that_o name_n among_o the_o nation_n thereabouts_o the_o language_n say_v giraldus_n of_o the_o irish_a be_v call_v gaidelach_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o compound_n of_o all_o other_o language_n and_o florilegus_n whencesoever_o he_o take_v it_o 77._o under_o the_o year_n 77._o the_o scot_n have_v their_o original_a from_o the_o pict_n and_o irish_a as_o be_v make_v up_o out_o of_o several_a nation_n for_o that_o be_v call_v scot_n scot._n scot._n which_o be_v amass_v together_o out_o of_o several_a thing_n 1._o almain_n agathias_n l._n 1._o thus_o the_o almain_n according_a to_o asinius_n quadratus_n go_v by_o that_o name_n because_o they_o arise_v from_o a_o medley_n of_o different_a man_n neither_o can_v it_o seem_v strange_a to_o any_o one_o that_o so_o many_o nation_n shall_v former_o crowd_v into_o ireland_n see_v that_o island_n lie_v in_o the_o centre_n between_o britain_n and_o spain_n and_o very_o advantageous_a for_o the_o french-sea_n and_o that_o in_o these_o eight_o hundred_o year_n last_o pass_v it_o be_v most_o certain_a from_o history_n that_o the_o norwegian_n and_o the_o oustman_n from_o germany_n and_o that_o the_o english_a the_o welsh_z and_o the_o scot_n out_o of_o britain_n have_v plant_v and_o settle_v themselves_o there_o this_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o what_o i_o will_v desire_v to_o be_v consider_v by_o the_o scot_n in_o this_o matter_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n let_v they_o remember_v i_o have_v assert_v nothing_o but_o only_o hint_v some_o thing_n which_o may_v seem_v pertinent_a to_o this_o enquiry_n if_o all_o this_o give_v no_o light_n into_o the_o original_n of_o the_o scot_n they_o must_v apply_v themselves_o for_o it_o elsewhere_o for_o i_o be_o perfect_o in_o the_o dark_a in_o this_o point_n and_o have_v follow_v the_o truth_n which_o have_v still_o flee_v from_o i_o with_o much_o labour_n to_o no_o purpose_n yet_o i_o hope_v nothing_o be_v say_v in_o this_o search_n that_o can_v reasonable_o disgust_v any_o one_o lhuidus_fw-la wâ—en_o the_o sâ—â—ts_n 〈◊〉_d into_o bâ—itâ—in_n g._n but_o haâ—â—â—_n h._n lhuidus_fw-la concern_v the_o time_n when_o the_o name_n of_o scot_n be_v first_o broach_v in_o the_o world_n there_o be_v some_o dispute_n and_o
upon_o this_o very_a point_n humphrey_n lhuid_n the_o best_a of_o antiquary_n by_o the_o best_a of_o poet_n be_v quarrely_v by_o buchanan_n for_o lhuid_n have_v say_v that_o the_o name_n of_o scoti_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o author_n before_o constantine_n the_o great_a buchanan_n fly_v upon_o he_o catch_v he_o fast_o and_o with_o two_o petty_a argument_n think_v to_o dispatch_v he_o the_o one_o draw_v from_o the_o panegyrist_n and_o the_o other_o from_o his_o own_o conjecture_n because_o the_o old_a panegyrist_n say_v that_o britain_n in_o caesar_n time_n be_v infest_a by_o the_o irish_a enemy_n by_o consequence_n forsooth_o the_o scot_n at_o that_o time_n be_v plant_v in_o britain_n whereas_o no_o one_o before_o ever_o say_v so_o much_o as_o that_o those_o irish_a have_v then_o any_o settlement_n much_o less_o that_o they_o be_v scot_n the_o panegyrist_n without_o question_n after_o the_o common_a way_n of_o writer_n have_v his_o eye_n upon_o his_o own_o time_n in_o it_o and_o not_o upon_o those_o of_o caesar_n as_o for_o the_o conjecture_n it_o be_v not_o his_o own_o but_o that_o of_o the_o most_o learned_a joseph_n scaliger_n for_o in_o his_o note_n to_o propertius_n while_o by_o the_o by_o he_o restore_v that_o verse_n of_o seneca_n to_o the_o true_a read_n ille_fw-la britannos_fw-la et_fw-la caerulos_fw-la colla_n cathenis_fw-la ultra_fw-la noti_fw-la scuta_fw-la brigantes_n jussit_fw-la etc._n etc._n littora_fw-la ponti_fw-la dare_v romuleis_fw-la he_o put_v it_o scotobrigantes_n and_o forthwith_o cry_v out_o that_o the_o scot_n be_v indebt_v to_o he_o for_o the_o discovery_n of_o their_o original_n for_o my_o part_n i_o be_o sorry_a i_o can_v second_v this_o opinion_n have_v ever_o honour_v he_o upon_o many_o account_n and_o much_o admire_v his_o learning_n for_o this_o conjecture_n be_v not_o the_o product_n of_o copy_n but_o of_o his_o own_o ingenuity_n and_o part_n and_o the_o sense_n will_v bear_v either_o read_n caeruleâ—s_fw-la scuta_fw-la brigantes_n as_o all_o the_o book_n have_v it_o or_o caeruleos_fw-la cute_fw-la brigantes_n as_o the_o most_o learned_a hadr._n junius_n read_v it_o yet_o buchanan_n choose_v rather_o to_o play_v the_o fool_n with_o his_o own_o wit_n and_o that_o of_o another_o than_o to_o close_v with_o the_o common_a and_o true_a read_n cry_v up_o this_o conjecture_n to_o the_o sky_n first_o because_o author_n do_v not_o inform_v we_o that_o the_o britain_n paint_a their_o shield_n second_o that_o he_o say_v scoto-brigantes_n for_o difference_n sake_n that_o he_o may_v distinguish_v they_o from_o the_o brigantes_n of_o spain_n and_o ireland_n last_o that_o in_o this_o verse_n he_o may_v distinguish_v between_o the_o britain_n and_o the_o brigantes_n as_o different_a nation_n but_o if_o one_o may_v dispute_v this_o point_n what_o shall_v hinder_v they_o from_o paint_v their_o shield_n who_o paint_v themselves_o and_o their_o chariot_n to_o what_o end_n shall_v he_o coin_v the_o new_a word_n scoto-brigantes_n for_o distinction_n sake_n when_o he_o call_v they_o caeruleos_fw-la and_o say_v they_o be_v subdue_v by_o claudius_n do_v not_o this_o sufficient_o distinguish_v they_o from_o the_o other_o brigantes_n that_o observation_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o brigantes_n as_o be_v different_a nation_n do_v not_o look_v like_o a_o poet_n who_o can_v never_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o poetical_a way_n of_o express_v the_o whole_a by_o a_o part_n wherefore_o see_v these_o plea_n will_v not_o carry_v it_o i_o will_v reinforce_v buchanan_n with_o a_o supply_n from_o egesippus_fw-la who_o be_v common_o think_v very_o ancient_a for_o where_o he_o treat_v of_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o roman_n he_o say_v 15._o say_v i.e._n ireland_n lâ—b_fw-la 5._o c._n 15._o scotland_n fol._n scotland_n see_v bishop_n usher_n antiquitat_fw-la britannicarum_fw-la eccles_n p._n 329._o fol._n which_o owe_v nothing_o to_o other_o country_n dread_v they_o and_o so_o do_v saxony_n inaccessible_a by_o reason_n of_o its_o bog_n but_o hold_v this_o argument_n will_v not_o come_v up_o to_o the_o point_n for_o he_o live_v since_o constantine_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o own_o write_n nor_o do_v this_o make_v any_o more_o for_o the_o scot_n live_v in_o britain_n than_o that_o verse_n of_o sidonius_n but_o now_o cite_v yet_o a_o more_o weighty_a reason_n than_o all_o this_o be_v that_o which_o the_o most_o famous_a and_o learned_a j._n cragius_fw-la have_v start_v after_o a_o nice_a enquiry_n out_o of_o jâ—sephus_n ben_n gâ—riâ—n_n concern_v the_o destruction_n of_o jerusalem_n that_o the_o scot_n in_o a_o hebrew_n copy_n be_v express_o so_o name_v where_o munster_n in_o his_o latin_a translation_n false_o put_v the_o britain_n for_o the_o scot_n but_o i_o have_v not_o sufficient_o discover_v in_o what_o age_n this_o ben-gorion_a live_v it_o be_v plain_a he_o live_v since_o flavius_n josephus_n see_v he_o have_v make_v mention_n of_o the_o frank_n yet_o if_o i_o may_v engage_v against_o so_o many_o great_a man_n in_o this_o controversy_n as_o far_o as_o i_o have_v observe_v the_o first_o mention_n of_o the_o scotch_a nation_n we_o meet_v with_o in_o author_n be_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o aurelian_a for_o porphyry_n who_o then_o write_v against_o the_o christian_n take_v notice_n of_o they_o in_o these_o word_n as_o s._n hierom_n tell_v we_o cresipâ—er_n against_o the_o phrygians_n 〈◊〉_d cresipâ—er_n nor_o have_v britain_n a_o fruitful_a province_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o tyrant_n nor_o the_o scotch_a nation_n nor_o any_o of_o those_o barbarous_a nation_n all_o round_a to_o the_o very_a ocean_n hear_v of_o moses_n and_o the_o prophet_n at_o which_o time_n also_o or_o a_o little_a before_o antiquary_n observe_v that_o the_o name_n of_o those_o mighty_a nation_n the_o frank_n and_o almain_n be_v first_o hear_v of_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o gallienus_n that_o of_o some_o author_n therefore_o be_v not_o ground_v upon_o sure_a authority_n that_o the_o name_n and_o kingdom_n of_o the_o scot_n flourish_v in_o britain_n many_o age_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n rather_o take_v the_o time_n of_o it_o from_o giraldus_n when_o nellus_fw-la the_o great_a reign_v in_o ireland_n the_o six_o son_n of_o muredus_n king_n of_o ulster_n possess_v the_o north_n part_n of_o britain_n so_o from_o these_o a_o nation_n be_v propagate_v and_o call_v by_o a_o peculiar_a name_n scotland_n which_o inhabit_v that_o corner_n even_o to_o this_o day_n but_o that_o this_o happen_v about_o the_o time_n when_o the_o roman_a empire_n begin_v to_o decay_v be_v thus_o infer_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o lagerius_n son_n of_o this_o nellus_fw-la in_o ireland_n patrick_n the_o irish_a apostle_n come_v thither_o it_o be_v then_o much_o about_o the_o year_n 430_o after_o christ_n nativity_n so_o that_o this_o seem_v to_o have_v fall_v about_o the_o time_n of_o honorius_n augustus_n for_o whereas_o before_o they_o live_v after_o a_o ramble_a manner_n without_o any_o fix_a abode_n as_o 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into_o the_o form_n of_o a_o province_n and_o flourish_v a_o long_a time_n under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v at_o last_o invade_v by_o the_o neighbour_a nation_n as_o seem_v to_o be_v abandon_v by_o the_o roman_a aid_n for_o the_o roman_n after_o that_o martianus_n that_o in_o the_o text_n martialis_n buâ—_n in_o the_o margin_n possible_o martianus_n martian_a the_o emperor_n be_v murder_v by_o his_o own_o soldier_n be_v heavy_o annoy_v with_o foreign_a war_n and_o so_o be_v not_o able_a to_o furnish_v their_o ally_n with_o aid_n as_o they_o have_v former_o do_v however_o before_o they_o quit_v this_o nation_n they_o build_v a_o large_a wall_n for_o its_o defence_n go_v along_o the_o border_n from_o sea_n to_o sea_n where_o they_o imagine_v the_o enemy_n will_v make_v the_o most_o vigorous_a assault_n but_o after_o a_o soft_a and_o lazy_a people_n be_v leave_v to_o encounter_v a_o resolute_a and_o welldisciplined_a enemy_n it_o be_v find_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o 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and_o yet_o which_o be_v almost_o incredible_a not_o one_o receive_v any_o harm_n a_o strange_a miracle_n this_o be_v but_o what_o be_v yet_o a_o great_a the_o river_n cure_v all_o disease_n and_o infirmity_n whoever_o step_v in_o faint_a and_o disorder_a come_v out_o sound_a and_o whole_a what_o a_o joyful_a sight_n be_v this_o for_o angel_n and_o man_n so_o many_o thousand_o of_o a_o proselyte_n nation_n come_v out_o of_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o same_o river_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v out_o of_o the_o womb_n of_o one_o mother_n one_o single_a pool_n prepare_v so_o many_o inhabitant_n for_o the_o heavenly_a mansion_n hereupon_o his_o holiness_n pope_n gregory_n with_o all_o the_o company_n of_o the_o saint_n above_o break_v forth_o into_o joy_n and_o can_v not_o rest_v till_o he_o have_v write_v to_o eulogius_n the_o holy_a patriarch_n of_o alexandria_n to_o join_v with_o he_o in_o that_o his_o transport_n for_o so_o vast_a a_o number_n be_v baptize_v on_o one_o christmas_n day_n 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germanis_fw-la pietas_fw-la se_fw-la vera_fw-la fidesque_fw-la insinuans_fw-la coepit_fw-la ritus_fw-la abolere_fw-la prophanos_fw-la quid_fw-la non_fw-la alcuino_n facunda_fw-la lutetia_n debes_fw-la instaurare_fw-la bonas_fw-la ibi_fw-la qui_fw-la foeliciter_fw-la art_n barbariemque_fw-la procul_fw-la solus_fw-la depellere_fw-la coepit_fw-la quid_fw-la tibi_fw-la divinumque_fw-la bedam_fw-la doctisssmus_fw-la olim_fw-la tam_fw-la varias_fw-la unus_fw-la bene_fw-la qui_fw-la cognoverat_fw-la art_n debemus_fw-la let_v this_o to_o britain_n last_v same_o be_v say_v when_o barbarous_a troop_n the_o civil_a world_n overspread_v and_o persecute_a science_n into_o exile_n flee_v it_o be_v happy_a she_o do_v all_o those_o art_n restore_v that_o greece_n or_o rome_n have_v boast_v of_o before_o teach_v the_o rude_a world_n to_o climb_v the_o untrod_a sphere_n and_o trace_v the_o eternal_a course_n of_o the_o star_n nor_o learn_v only_o but_o religion_n too_o her_o rise_n and_o growth_n to_o 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paris_n and_o as_o they_o furnish_v germany_n with_o learning_n and_o religion_n so_o also_o with_o military_a discipline_n nay_o gerâ—â—_n the_o 〈◊〉_d chiâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d of_o thompson_n 〈◊〉_d gerâ—â—_n what_o be_v more_o those_o saxon_n who_o live_v in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o saxony_n be_v descend_v from_o they_o if_o we_o may_v depend_v upon_o eginhardus_n word_n the_o saxon_a nation_n as_o antiquity_n tell_v we_o leave_v those_o angle_n which_o inhabit_v britain_n out_o of_o a_o desire_n or_o rather_o necessity_n of_o settle_v in_o some_o new_a home_n march_v over_o sea_n towards_o the_o german_a coast_n and_o come_v ashore_o at_o a_o place_n name_v haduloha_n it_o be_v about_o that_o time_n theoderick_n king_n of_o the_o frank_n make_v war_n upon_o hirminfrid_n duke_n of_o the_o thuringi_n his_o son_n in_o law_n and_o barbarous_o waste_v their_o land_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n after_o two_o set_a battle_n the_o victory_n be_v still_o depend_v though_o there_o have_v be_v 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a_o fair_a prospect_n of_o the_o other_o two_o to_o unite_v they_o in_o name_n as_o he_o have_v already_o do_v in_o government_n and_o to_o keep_v up_o the_o memory_n of_o his_o own_o nation_n 800._o â—ut_fw-la the_o 〈◊〉_d 800._o publish_v a_o edict_n wherein_o it_o be_v order_v that_o the_o whole_a heptarchy_n which_o the_o saxon_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o â—land_n â—land_n shall_v be_v call_v engle-lond_n i.e._n the_o land_n of_o the_o angles_n from_o hence_o come_v the_o latin_a anglia_fw-it take_v that_o name_n from_o the_o angles_n who_o of_o the_o three_o nation_n that_o come_v over_o be_v most_o numerous_a and_o most_o valiant_a the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n and_o mercia_n two_o of_o the_o large_a with_o that_o of_o the_o east-angle_n be_v they_o whereas_o the_o jute_n have_v no_o more_o than_o kent_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n and_o the_o saxon_n east_n west_n and_o south-saxony_n very_o narrow_a bound_n if_o compare_v with_o those_o large_a territory_n 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as_o be_v design_v for_o a_o march_n and_o imagine_v that_o this_o have_v win_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o god_n they_o immediate_o set_v to_o sea_n and_o fall_v to_o their_o oar_n there_o be_v another_o way_n the_o dane_n have_v of_o appeal_n their_o god_n or_o rather_o of_o run_v into_o most_o detestable_a superstition_n which_o ditmarus_n a_o bishop_n and_o a_o author_n of_o somewhat_o great_a antiquity_n than_o dudo_n thus_o describe_v 1._o lib._n 1._o but_o because_o i_o have_v hear_v strange_a thing_n of_o the_o ancient_a sacrifice_n of_o the_o north-mannâ—_a the_o north-mannâ—_a norman_n and_o dane_n i_o will_v not_o willing_o pass_v they_o over_o there_o be_v a_o place_n in_o those_o part_n the_o capital_a city_n of_o that_o kingdom_n call_v lederun_v in_o the_o province_n of_o selon_fw-fr there_o they_o meet_v once_o every_o nine_o year_n in_o january_n a_o little_a after_o our_o twelfthday_n and_o offer_v to_o their_o god_n 99_o man_n and_o as_o many_o horse_n with_o dog_n and_o cock_n for_o hawk_n be_v full_o persuade_v as_o i_o observe_v before_o that_o these_o thing_n be_v most_o acceptable_a to_o they_o about_o the_o time_n of_o king_n egbert_n pounder_n the_o danish_a pounder_n in_o the_o 800_o year_n of_o christ_n they_o first_o disturb_v our_o coast_n afterward_o make_v havoc_n of_o every_o thing_n and_o plunder_v over_o all_o england_n they_o destroy_v city_n burn_a church_n waste_v the_o land_n and_o with_o a_o most_o barbarous_a cruelty_n drive_v all_o before_o they_o ransack_v and_o overturning_a every_o thing_n they_o murder_v the_o king_n of_o the_o mercian_n and_o east-angel_n and_o then_o take_v possession_n of_o their_o kingdom_n with_o a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o of_o northumberland_n to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o these_o outrage_n a_o heavy_a tax_n be_v impose_v upon_o the_o miserable_a inhabitant_n call_v yield_v call_v i.e._n a_o certain_a sum_n pay_v to_o the_o dane_n from_o the_o saxon_a gyldan_n to_o pay_v and_o thence_o our_o 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westsaxons_a he_o what_o by_o retreat_n and_o what_o by_o attack_n do_v not_o only_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n drive_v they_o out_o of_o his_o own_o territory_n but_o likewise_o slay_v the_o deputy-governor_n of_o the_o mercian_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n clear_v all_o mercia_n of_o they_o and_o his_o son_n edward_z the_o elder_a prosecute_a his_o father_n conquest_n recover_v the_o country_n of_o the_o east-angle_n from_o the_o dane_n as_o athelstan_n his_o spurious_a son_n to_o crown_v their_o victory_n after_o a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o they_o subdue_v the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n and_o by_o his_o vigorous_a pursuit_n put_v the_o dane_n into_o such_o a_o fright_n that_o part_n of_o they_o quit_v the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o rest_n surrender_v themselves_o by_o the_o courage_n of_o those_o prince_n be_v england_n deliver_v out_o of_o that_o gulf_n of_o misery_n and_o have_v a_o respite_n of_o 50_o year_n from_o that_o bloody_a war_n but_o after_o aethelred_n a_o man_n of_o a_o 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ethelred_n who_o be_v then_o return_v and_o his_o son_n edmond_n surname_v ironside_n but_o without_o any_o decisive_a battle_n 20._o the_o danes_n infest_a england_n 200_o year_n reign_v about_o 20._o be_v succeed_v by_o his_o two_o son_n harald_n his_o spurious_a one_o and_o canutus_n the_o bold_a after_o the_o death_n of_o these_o the_o danish_a yoke_n be_v shake_v off_o and_o the_o government_n return_v to_o the_o english_a for_o edward_n who_o sanctity_n gain_v he_o the_o name_n of_o confessor_n confessor_n edward_n the_o confessor_n the_o son_n of_o ethelred_n by_o a_o second_o wife_n recover_v the_o regal_a dignity_n england_n now_o begin_v to_o revive_v but_o present_o as_o the_o poet_n say_v moor_n rebus_fw-la cessêre_fw-la secundis_fw-la the_o load_n of_o fortune_n sink_v they_o into_o vice_n the_o clergy_n be_v idle_a drowsy_a and_o ignorant_a the_o laity_n give_v themselves_o over_o to_o luxury_n and_o a_o loose_a way_n of_o live_v all_o discipline_n be_v lay_v aside_o the_o state_n like_o a_o distemper_a body_n be_v consume_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o vice_n but_o pride_n that_o forerunner_n of_o destruction_n have_v of_o all_o other_o make_v the_o great_a progress_n and_o as_o gervasius_n dorobernensis_n observe_v of_o those_o time_n they_o run_v so_o headlong_o upon_o wickedness_n that_o it_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o crime_n to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o crime_n all_o these_o thing_n plain_o tend_v to_o ruin_v the_o english_a at_o that_o time_n say_v william_n of_o malmesbury_n use_v clothes_n that_o do_v not_o reach_v beyond_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o knee_n their_o head_n be_v shear_v their_o beard_n shave_v only_o the_o upper_a lip_n be_v always_o let_v grow_v to_o its_o full_a length_n their_o arm_n be_v even_o load_v with_o golden_a bracelet_n and_o their_o skin_n all_o set_v with_o paint_a mark_n the_o clergy_n be_v content_a with_o a_o superficial_a sort_n of_o learning_n and_o have_v much_o ado_n to_o hammer_v cut_v the_o word_n of_o the_o sacrament_n the_o norman_n as_o in_o former_a age_n the_o frank_n first_o and_o afterward_o the_o saxon_n come_v out_o of_o that_o east-coast_n of_o germany_n as_o it_o lie_v from_o we_o i_o mean_v the_o more_o northerly_a part_n of_o it_o plague_v france_n and_o britain_n with_o their_o piracy_n and_o at_o last_o become_v master_n the_o frank_n of_o france_n and_o the_o saxon_n of_o britain_n so_o in_o succeed_a time_n the_o dane_n first_o and_o then_o the_o norman_n follow_v the_o same_o method_n come_v from_o the_o same_o coast_n and_o have_v the_o same_o success_n as_o if_o providence_n have_v so_o order_v it_o that_o those_o part_n shall_v constant_o produce_v and_o send_v out_o a_o set_v of_o man_n to_o make_v havoc_n of_o france_n and_o britain_n and_o establish_v new_a kingdom_n in_o they_o they_o have_v their_o name_n from_o the_o northern_a part_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v â—nt_fw-la â—d_a â—nt_fw-la for_o nordmanni_n signify_v no_o more_o than_o northern_a man_n in_o which_o sense_n they_o be_v likewise_o term_v nation_n term_v from_o the_o saxon_a leod_n a_o people_n or_o nation_n nordleudi_n â—molâ—_n â—dâ—â—i_fw-la â—molâ—_n i.e._n northern_a people_n as_o be_v the_o flower_n of_o the_o norwegian_n suede_n and_o dane_n in_o the_o time_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a they_o carry_v on_o their_o trade_n of_o piracy_n in_o such_o a_o barbarous_a manner_n both_o in_o friesland_n england_n holland_n ireland_n and_o france_n that_o that_o prince_n when_o he_o see_v their_o vessel_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a cry_v out_o with_o a_o deep_a sigh_n and_o tear_n in_o his_o eye_n how_o be_o i_o trouble_v that_o they_o shall_v venture_v upon_o this_o coast_n caroâ—â—agni_fw-la â—r_o sanâ—_n de_fw-fr geâ—_n caroâ—â—agni_fw-la even_o while_o i_o be_o live_v i_o plain_o foresee_v what_o a_o plague_n they_o be_v like_a to_o prove_v to_o my_o successor_n and_o in_o the_o public_a prayer_n and_o
king_n choose_v as_o it_o be_v out_o of_o their_o own_o body_n the_o general_a inclination_n be_v towards_o harold_n godwin_n son_n much_o fame_v for_o his_o admirable_a conduct_n both_o in_o peace_n and_o war_n for_o though_o the_o nobleness_n of_o his_o birth_n lie_v but_o on_o one_o side_n his_o father_n have_v by_o treason_n and_o plunder_v render_v himself_o eternal_o infamous_a yet_o what_o by_o his_o courteous_a language_n and_o easy_a humour_n his_o liberal_a temper_n and_o warlike_a courage_n he_o strange_o insinuate_v himself_o into_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o people_n as_o no_o one_o throw_v himself_o into_o danger_n with_o more_o cheerfulness_n so_o in_o the_o great_a extremity_n not_o man_n be_v so_o ready_a with_o advice_n he_o have_v so_o signalise_v his_o courage_n and_o success_n in_o the_o welsh_a war_n which_o he_o have_v some_o time_n before_o happy_o bring_v to_o a_o end_n that_o he_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o most_o accomplish_a general_n and_o seem_v to_o be_v bear_v on_o purpose_n to_o settle_v the_o english_a government_n moreover_o it_o be_v hope_v the_o dane_n who_o be_v at_o that_o time_n the_o only_a dread_n of_o this_o nation_n will_v be_v more_o favourable_a to_o he_o as_o be_v the_o son_n of_o githa_n sister_n to_o sueno_n king_n of_o denmark_n from_o what_o â—ther_n part_v soever_o attempt_n whether_o foreign_a or_o domestic_a may_v be_v make_v upon_o he_o he_o seem_v sufficient_o secure_v against_o they_o by_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o commonalty_n and_o his_o relation_n to_o the_o nobility_n he_o marry_v the_o sister_n of_o morcar_n and_o edwin_n who_o at_o that_o time_n bear_v by_o much_o the_o great_a sway_n and_o edric_n surname_v the_o wild_a a_o man_n of_o a_o high_a spirit_n and_o great_a authority_n be_v his_o near_a kinsman_n it_o fall_v out_o too_o very_o lucky_o that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n sueno_n the_o dane_n shall_v be_v engage_v in_o the_o suedish_n war_n and_o there_o be_v a_o ill_a understanding_n 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air_n such_o as_o whirlwind_n and_o immoderate_a
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coupland_n for_o take_v david_n second_o king_n of_o scot_n in_o a_o battle_n at_o durham_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o a_o baneret_n in_o these_o word_n desire_v so_o to_o reward_v the_o say_a john_n who_o take_v david_n de_fw-fr bruis_n and_o cheerful_o deliver_v he_o up_o to_o we_o and_o to_o set_v such_o a_o mark_n upon_o his_o loyalty_n and_o valour_n as_o may_v give_v other_o example_n to_o serve_v we_o faithful_o for_o the_o future_a we_o have_v advance_v the_o say_a john_n to_o the_o quality_n of_o a_o baneret_n and_o to_o support_v that_o title_n have_v for_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n grant_v to_o the_o same_o john_n the_o sum_n of_o 500_o l._n yearly_a to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n etc._n etc._n nor_o may_v it_o be_v improper_a to_o mention_v out_o of_o frossardus_fw-la the_o form_n by_o which_o john_n chandos_n a_o celebrate_a soldier_n in_o his_o time_n be_v make_v baneret_n when_o edward_n prince_n of_o wales_n be_v ready_a to_o engage_v
another_o small_a river_n that_o run_v into_o it_o from_o the_o east_n â—â—â—kesbuâ—â—â—_n â—â—â—kesbuâ—â—â—_n between_o which_o be_v seat_v tewksbury_n in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n theocsbury_n by_o other_o name_v theoci_n curia_n so_o call_v from_o theocus_n that_o there_o lead_v the_o life_n of_o a_o hermit_n a_o large_a and_o fair_a town_n have_v 3_o bridge_n over_o 3_o river_n lead_v to_o it_o famous_a for_o the_o make_n of_o woollen_a cloth_n â—â—â—tâ—rd_n â—â—â—tâ—rd_n and_o smart_a bite_a mustard_n but_o former_o most_v note_v for_o a_o ancient_a monastery_n g_o found_v by_o odo_n and_o dodo_n two_o brother_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 715_o where_o their_o palace_n former_o stand_v as_o they_o show_v we_o by_o the_o follow_a inscription_n hanc_fw-la aulam_fw-la regia_fw-la dodo_fw-la dux_n consecrari_fw-la fecit_fw-la in_o ecclesiam_fw-la which_o be_v almost_o ruin_v by_o age_n and_o the_o fury_n of_o war_n be_v repair_v by_o robert_n fitzhamon_n fitzhamon_n fitzhamon_n a_o norman_a hither_o norman_a lord_n of_o corboile_v and_o thorigny_n in_o normandy_n translate_n monk_n from_o cranborn_n in_o dorsetshire_n hither_o pious_o design_v to_o make_v what_o satisfaction_n he_o be_v able_a for_o the_o loss_n the_o church_n of_o bajeux_n in_o normandy_n sustain_v which_o henry_n 1._o consume_v with_o fire_n to_o free_v he_o from_o prison_n but_o afterward_o repent_v of_o the_o fact_n rebuilt_a it_o it_o can_v say_v william_n of_o malmesbury_n be_v easy_o conceive_v how_o much_o robert_n fitzhamon_n adorn_v and_o beautify_v this_o monastery_n where_o the_o stateliness_n of_o the_o building_n ravish_v the_o eye_n and_o the_o pious_a charity_n of_o the_o monk_n the_o affection_n of_o all_o person_n that_o come_v thither_o in_o this_o monastery_n he_o and_o his_o successor_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n be_v inter_v who_o have_v a_o castle_n hard_a by_o call_v holmes_n that_o be_v now_o ruin_v neither_o be_v it_o less_o famous_a for_o the_o bloody_a overthrow_n that_o the_o lancastrian_n receive_v in_o this_o place_n in_o the_o year_n 1471_o in_o which_o battle_n many_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v more_o take_v and_o behead_v their_o power_n so_o weaken_a and_o their_o hope_n so_o defeat_v by_o the_o death_n of_o edward_n the_o only_a son_n of_o k._n hen._n 6._o and_o he_o very_o young_a who_o brain_n be_v barbarous_o beat_v out_o here_o that_o they_o be_v never_o afterward_o able_a to_o make_v any_o head_n against_o king_n edw._n 4._o whence_o j._n leland_n write_v thus_o of_o this_o town_n ampla_fw-la foro_fw-la &_o partis_fw-la spoliis_fw-la praeclara_fw-la theoci_fw-la curia_fw-la sabrinae_fw-la qua_fw-la se_fw-la committit_fw-la avona_n fulget_fw-la nobilium_fw-la sacrisque_fw-la recondit_fw-la in_o antris_fw-la multorum_fw-la cineres_fw-la quondam_a inclyta_fw-la corpora_fw-la bello_fw-la where_o avon_n friendly_a stream_n with_o severn_n join_v great_a tewkesbury_n wall_n renown_v for_o trophy_n shine_v and_o keep_v the_o sad_a remain_v with_o pious_a care_n of_o noble_a soul_n the_o honour_n of_o the_o war_n from_o hence_o we_o go_v down_o the_o stream_n to_o deorhir_v deorhirst_n deorhirst_n which_o be_v mention_v by_o bede_n it_o lie_v very_o low_a upon_o the_o severn_n whereby_o it_o sustain_v great_a damage_n when_o the_o river_n overflow_v it_o have_v former_o a_o small_a monastery_n which_o be_v ruin_v by_o the_o dane_n but_o reflourish_v under_o edward_n the_o confessor_n who_o as_o we_o read_v in_o his_o will_n assign_v it_o with_o the_o government_n thereof_o to_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n denis_n near_o paris_n but_o a_o little_a after_o as_o malmesbury_n say_v it_o be_v only_o a_o empty_a monument_n of_o antiquity_n h_o over-against_o this_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o river_n lie_v a_o place_n call_v oleneag_n and_o alney_n by_o the_o saxon_n now_o the_o eight_o i.e._n a_o island_n famous_a upon_o this_o account_n that_o when_o the_o english_a and_o danes_n have_v much_o weaken_a themselves_o by_o frequent_a encounter_n to_o shorten_v the_o war_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o fate_n of_o both_o nation_n shall_v be_v determine_v by_o the_o valour_n of_o edmund_n king_n of_o the_o english_a and_o canutus_n king_n of_o the_o dane_n in_o a_o single_a combat_n who_o after_o a_o long_a doubtful_a fight_n agree_v upon_o a_o peace_n and_o the_o kingdom_n be_v divide_v between_o they_o but_o edmund_n be_v quick_o take_v out_o of_o the_o world_n not_o without_o suspicion_n of_o poison_n the_o dane_n seize_v upon_o the_o whole_a i_o from_o deorhir_v the_o river_n severn_n wiltshire_n severn_n run_v down_o by_o haesfield_n which_o k._n hen._n 3._o give_v to_o richard_n pauncefote_n who_o successor_n build_v a_o fair_a house_n here_o and_o who_o predecessor_n be_v possess_v of_o fair_a land_n in_o this_o country_n before_o and_o in_o the_o conqueror_n time_n in_o wiltshire_n after_o various_a wind_n and_o turn_n part_n itself_o to_o make_v the_o isle_n of_o alney_n rich_a and_o beautiful_a in_o fruitful_a green_a meadow_n and_o then_o hasten_v to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o county_n which_o antoninus_n call_v clevum_n or_o glevum_n the_o britain_n caer_n glovi_fw-la the_o saxon_n gleaucester_n we_o gloucester_n gloucester_n gloucester_n the_o vulgar_a latin_n glovernia_n other_o claudiocestria_n from_o the_o emperor_n claudius_n who_o as_o be_v report_v give_v it_o that_o name_n when_o he_o here_o marry_v his_o daughter_n genissa_n to_o arviragus_n the_o british_a king_n who_o juvenal_n mention_n regem_fw-la aliquem_fw-la capies_fw-la vel_fw-la de_fw-fr temone_v britanno_fw-mi excidet_fw-la arviragus_n some_o captive_a king_n thou_o his_o new_a lord_n shall_v own_v or_o from_o his_o british_a chariot_n headlong_o throw_v the_o proud_a arviragus_n come_v tumble_v down_o as_o if_o claudius_n his_o three_o wife_n bring_v he_o any_o daughter_n beside_o claudia_n antonia_n and_o octavia_n or_o as_o if_o arviragus_n be_v know_v in_o that_o age_n when_o his_o name_n be_v scarce_o hear_v of_o in_o domitian_n reign_n but_o leave_v those_o that_o make_v their_o own_o conjecture_n pass_v for_o the_o record_n of_o venerable_a antiquity_n i_o shall_v rather_o adhere_v to_o ninnius_n his_o opinion_n who_o derive_v this_o name_n from_o glows_a the_o great_a grandfather_n of_o king_n vortigern_n only_o i_o find_v glevum_n mention_v long_o before_o by_o antoninus_n which_o the_o distance_n from_o corinium_n with_o its_o name_n confirm_v to_o be_v the_o same_o but_o as_o the_o saxon_a name_n gleavecester_n come_v from_o glevum_n so_o glevum_n by_o analogy_n come_v from_o the_o british_a name_n caer_n glowi_n and_o that_o i_o believe_v from_o the_o british_a word_n glow_n which_o in_o their_o language_n signify_v fair_a and_o splendid_a so_o that_o caer_fw-mi glow_n be_v the_o same_o as_o a_o fair_a city_n upon_o the_o same_o account_n among_o the_o greek_n arise_v the_o name_n of_o callipolis_n callidromos_n and_o callistratia_n and_o among_o the_o english_a brightstow_n shirley_n brightstow_n and_o shirley_n and_o in_o this_o county_n fair-ford_n etc._n fair-ford_n fairley_n etc._n etc._n this_o city_n be_v build_v by_o the_o roman_n on_o purpose_n to_o be_v a_o curb_n to_o the_o silures_n and_o a_o colony_n place_v there_o call_v colonia_n glevum_n for_o bath_n for_o the_o inscription_n be_v still_o to_o be_v read_v at_o bath_n i_o have_v see_v the_o remain_v of_o a_o ancient_a stone_n in_o the_o wall_n of_o bath_n near_o the_o north-gate_n with_o the_o follow_a inscription_n decurio_fw-la inscription_n decurio_fw-la dec_n coloniae_fw-la glev_n vixit_fw-la ann._n lxxxvi_o this_o city_n lie_v extend_v upon_o severne_n and_o on_o that_o side_n where_o it_o be_v not_o wash_v with_o the_o river_n be_v secure_v in_o some_o place_n with_o a_o strong_a wall_n be_v beautify_v with_o many_o fair_a church_n and_o handsome_a well-built_a street_n on_o the_o south_n part_n be_v once_o a_o castle_n build_v of_o square_a stone_n but_o now_o almost_o quite_o ruin_v it_o be_v first_o raise_v in_o the_o time_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n and_o 16_o house_n be_v demolish_v in_o that_o place_n as_o doomsday_n book_n mention_n it_o to_o make_v room_n for_o this_o edifice_n about_o which_o as_o roger_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr write_v roger_n the_o son_n of_o miles_n constable_n of_o gloucester_n commence_v his_o action_n at_o law_n against_o king_n henry_n 2._o and_o also_o walter_n his_o brother_n lose_v the_o right_n he_o have_v both_o to_o the_o city_n and_o castle_n ceaulin_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a first_o take_v this_o city_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n from_o the_o britain_n in_o the_o year_n 570._o then_o it_o come_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o mercian_n under_o who_o it_o long_o flourish_v in_o great_a repute_n here_o osrick_n king_n of_o the_o northumbrian_n by_o the_o permission_n of_o ethelred_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n found_v a_o great_a and_o stately_a monastery_n for_o nun_n over_o which_o kineburga_n eadburga_n and_o eva_n all_o mercian_n queen_n successive_o preside_v edelfieda_n likewise_o that_o famous_a lady_n
almost_o through_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o county_n it_o first_o water_v banbury_n banbury_n banbury_n former_o banesbyrig_v where_o kynric_a the_o west-saxon_a overcome_v the_o poor_a britain_n when_o they_o fight_v for_o their_o liberty_n and_o country_n in_o a_o memorable_a battle_n h_o and_o in_o latter_a time_n richard_n nevil_n earl_n of_o warwick_n fight_v for_o the_o lancastrian_n interest_n give_v such_o a_o absolute_a defeat_n to_o the_o york_n party_n that_o he_o soon_o after_o take_v the_o distress_a king_n edward_n 4._o and_o carry_v he_o off_o prisoner_n i_o the_o town_n which_o at_o present_a be_v most_o famous_a for_o make_v k_o good_a cheese_n have_v a_o castle_n build_v by_o alexander_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n for_o this_o manor_n belong_v to_o that_o see_v who_o in_o his_o way_n of_o live_v consult_v more_o his_o state_n and_o grandeur_n than_o his_o ease_n and_o safety_n and_o bring_v very_o many_o mischief_n on_o himself_o by_o his_o vain_a and_o expensive_a building_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o add_v one_o remark_n that_o the_o coin_n of_o roman_a emperor_n find_v here_o and_o in_o the_o field_n adjoin_v be_v a_o fair_a argument_n for_o the_o antiquity_n of_o this_o place_n esteem_n place_n near_o to_o banbury_n be_v hanwell_n where_o the_o family_n of_o cope_n have_v flourish_v many_o year_n in_o great_a and_o good_a esteem_n i_o must_v not_o here_o pass_v by_o broughton_n the_o seat_n of_o rich._n fienes_n or_o fenis_n to_o who_o and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n our_o potent_a monarch_n k._n james_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n grant_v and_o confirm_v the_o name_n stile_n title_n degree_n dignity_n and_o honour_n of_o baron_n of_o say_n and_o sele_n he_o be_v descend_v in_o a_o right_a line_n from_o james_n fienes_n lord_n say_v and_o sele_n high_a treasurer_n of_o england_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o hen._n 6._o 6._o 6._o who_o be_v cruel_o behead_v by_o a_o rabble_n of_o rebel_n in_o the_o time_n of_o k._n hen._n 6._o the_o cherwel_o for_o many_o mile_n after_o it_o have_v leave_v banbury_n see_v nothing_o but_o well_o cultivate_v field_n and_o most_o delightful_a meadow_n among_o which_o stand_v pour_n stand_v heyford-warine_a so_o denominate_v from_o warine_n fitzgerold_a lord_n thereof_o heyford_n purcell_n likewise_o so_o name_v of_o the_o purcell_n or_o de_fw-fr porcellis_fw-la ancient_a gentleman_n the_o old_a owner_n blechingdon_n a_o ancient_a possession_n of_o the_o family_n of_o pour_n islip_n iâ—â—â—â—_n iâ—â—â—â—_n former_o ghistlipe_v the_o birthplace_n of_o king_n edward_n who_o for_o his_o piety_n and_o chastity_n our_o ancestor_n honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o confessor_n as_o he_o himself_o witness_v in_o his_o original_a charter_n whereby_o he_o give_v this_o his_o manor_n to_o the_o church_n of_o westminster_n l_o and_o at_o a_o small_a distance_n be_v hedindon_n hedâ—â—dâ—â—_n hedâ—â—dâ—â—_n which_o k._n john_n give_v for_o a_o barony_n to_o thomas_n basset_z m_o at_o islip_n the_o cherwel_n be_v join_v from_o the_o east_n by_o a_o small_a brook_n which_o run_v by_o dorchester_n by_o perhaps_o as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v birini_fw-la castrum_fw-la imply_v it_o to_o be_v a_o frontier-garrison_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a against_o the_o mercian_n raise_v out_o of_o the_o â—â—ins_n of_o alchester_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o assistance_n of_o birinus_fw-la bishop_n of_o dorchester_n burcester_n burâ—â—â—er_n burâ—â—â—er_n in_o saxon_a burenceaster_n and_o bernaceaster_n a_o town_n of_o ancient_a name_n but_o where_o i_o have_v observe_v nothing_o of_o antiquity_n only_o that_o gilbert_n basset_n and_o egeline_n de_fw-fr courtney_n his_o wife_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o hen._n 2._o build_v here_o a_o monastery_n in_o honour_n of_o edâ—uâ—y-way-walk_a of_o it_o be_v dedicate_v to_o s._n mary_n and_o s._n edburg_n the_o memory_n of_o the_o latter_a be_v still_o preserve_v in_o a_o well_o call_v s._n edburg_n well_o as_o also_o in_o a_o green_a footpath_n lead_v to_o it_o call_v tadbury_n walk_v corrupt_o for_o the_o edâ—uâ—y-way-walk_a st._n edburg_n and_o that_o the_o baron_n le_fw-fr strange_a of_o knock_v be_v late_o lord_n of_o this_o place_n n_o towards_o the_o west_n we_o meet_v with_o some_o few_o remain_v of_o a_o old_a desert_a station_n which_o they_o call_v allchester_n perhaps_o instead_o of_o aldchester_n alâ—hâ—â—tâ—â—_n alâ—hâ—â—tâ—â—_n or_o the_o old_a castrum_n o_fw-fr through_o which_o a_o military_a way_n lead_v from_o wallingford_n as_o the_o neighbour_n believe_v to_o banbury_n they_o call_v this_o akeman-street-way_n aâ—â—â—ceâ—er_n barnes_n mâ—nyâ—â—â—_n â—â—â—_z aâ—â—â—ceâ—er_n a_o ridge_n whereof_o do_v still_o appear_v for_o some_o mile_n together_o on_o the_o deep_a plain_n of_o otmore_n often_o overflow_v in_o winter_n p_o but_o where_o the_o cherwel_n flow_v along_o with_o the_o isis_n and_o their_o divide_a stream_n make_v several_a little_a sweet_a and_o pleasant_a island_n be_v seat_v on_o a_o rise_a vale_n the_o most_o famous_a university_n of_o oxford_n oâ—â—â—â—â—_n oâ—â—â—â—â—_n in_o saxon_a oxenford_n our_o most_o noble_a athens_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o english_a muse_n the_o prop_n and_o pillar_n nay_o the_o sun_n the_o eye_n the_o very_a soul_n of_o the_o nation_n the_o most_o celebrate_a fountain_n of_o wisdom_n and_o learning_n from_o whence_o religion_n letter_n and_o good_a manner_n be_v happy_o diffuse_v through_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n a_o delicate_a and_o most_o beautiful_a city_n whether_o we_o respect_v the_o neatness_n of_o private_a building_n or_o the_o stateliness_n of_o public_a structure_n or_o the_o healthy_a and_o pleasant_a situation_n for_o the_o plain_a on_o which_o it_o stand_v be_v wall_v in_o as_o it_o be_v with_o hill_n of_o wood_n which_o keep_v out_o on_o one_o side_n the_o pestilential_a southwind_n on_o the_o other_o the_o tempestuous_a west_n admit_v only_o the_o purify_n east_n and_o the_o north_n that_o disperse_v all_o unwholesome_a vapour_n 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the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n reside_v upon_o any_o of_o the_o land_n appertain_v to_o this_o monastery_n so_o that_o the_o abbot_n hereof_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o any_o archbishop_n bishop_n or_o any_o legate_n whatsoever_o but_o to_o the_o pope_n alone_o this_o also_o deserve_v our_o observation_n that_o when_o that_o great_a prince_n offa_n make_v a_o gift_n to_o the_o pope_n of_o the_o peter-pence_n common_o call_v romescot_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n he_o obtain_v of_o the_o pope_n this_o particular_a privilege_n for_o the_o church_n of_o st._n alban_n the_o protomartyr_n of_o england_n that_o that_o church_n may_v collect_v and_o retain_v to_o its_o own_o use_n when_o collect_v all_o the_o romescot_n or_o peter-pence_n throughout_o hertfordshire_n in_o which_o county_n that_o church_n stand_v wherefore_o as_o the_o church_n itself_o by_o the_o king_n grant_n enjoy_v all_o manner_n of_o royalty_n so_o the_o abbot_n of_o the_o place_n for_o the_o time_n be_v have_v all_o 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of_o gold_n and_o silver_n how_o many_o vessel_n how_o many_o marble_n pillar_n how_o many_o capital_n in_o fine_a how_o many_o wonderful_a piece_n of_o ancient_a work_n have_v be_v here_o fetch_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n i_o can_v not_o in_o reason_n expect_v to_o be_v credit_v however_o this_o short_a account_n which_o follow_v take_v upon_o the_o credit_n of_o a_o ancient_a historian_n 960._o about_o the_o year_n 960._o ealred_n the_o abbot_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o k._n edgar_n search_v out_o the_o old_a subterraneous_a vault_n of_o verulam_n break_v they_o all_o down_o and_o stop_v up_o all_o the_o way_n and_o subterraneous_a passage_n which_o be_v arch_v over_o head_n very_o artificial_o and_o very_o firm_o build_v some_o whereof_o be_v carry_v under_o the_o water_n which_o in_o old_a time_n almost_o encompass_v the_o whole_a city_n this_o he_o do_v because_o these_o be_v ordinary_a lurk_a place_n of_o thief_n and_o whore_n he_o also_o fill_v up_o the_o ditch_n of_o the_o city_n 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language_n the_o rest_n certain_a pagan_a ceremony_n and_o when_o they_o have_v open_v the_o earth_n to_o a_o great_a depth_n they_o meet_v with_o old_a stone-table_n tile_n also_o and_o pillar_n pot_n and_o great_a earthen_a vessel_n neat_o wrought_v and_o other_o of_o glass_n contain_v the_o ash_n of_o the_o dead_a etc._n etc._n and_o at_o last_o out_o of_o these_o remain_v of_o old_a verulam_n eadmer_n build_v a_o new_a monastery_n to_o st._n alban_n thus_o much_o as_o to_o the_o antiquity_n and_o dignity_n of_o verulam_n now_o as_o to_o the_o praise_n of_o the_o place_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o add_v this_o hexastic_a of_o alexander_n necham_n who_o be_v bear_v there_o 400_o year_n ago_o urbs_fw-la insignis_fw-la erat_fw-la verolamia_n plus_fw-la operosae_fw-la arti_fw-la naturae_fw-la debuit_fw-la illa_fw-la minus_fw-la pendragon_n arthuri_fw-la patris_fw-la haec_fw-la obsessa_fw-la laborem_fw-la septennem_fw-la sprevit_fw-la cive_z superba_fw-la svo_fw-la hic_fw-la est_fw-la martyrii_fw-la roseo_fw-la decoratus_fw-la honore_fw-la albanus_n civis_fw-la inclyta_fw-la roma_fw-la tuus_fw-la to_o ancient_a verulam_n a_o famous_a town_n much_o kindness_n art_n have_v show_v but_o nature_n none_o great_a arthur_n fire_n pendragon_n utmost_a power_n for_o seven_o long_a year_n do_v the_o proud_a wall_n endure_v here_o holy_a alban_n citizen_n of_o rome_n obtain_v the_o happy_a crown_n of_o martyrdom_n and_o in_o another_o place_n hic_fw-la locus_fw-la aetatis_fw-la nostrae_fw-la primordia_fw-la novit_fw-la annos_fw-la foelices_fw-la laetitiaeque_fw-la dies_fw-la hic_fw-la locus_fw-la ingenuus_fw-la pueriles_fw-la imbuit_fw-la annos_fw-la artibus_fw-la &_o nostrae_fw-la laudis_fw-la origo_fw-la fuit_fw-la hic_fw-la locus_fw-la insignis_fw-la magnósque_fw-la creavit_fw-la alumnos_fw-la foelix_fw-la eximio_fw-la martyr_n gente_fw-la situ_fw-la militat_fw-la hic_fw-la christo_fw-la noctéque_fw-la dieque_fw-la labori_fw-la invigilat_fw-la sancto_fw-la religiosa_fw-la cohors_fw-la here_o my_o first_o breath_n with_o happy_a star_n be_v draw_v here_o my_o glad_a year_n and_o all_o my_o joy_n begin_v in_o gradual_a knowledge_n here_o my_o mind_n increase_v here_o the_o first_o spark_n of_o glory_n fire_v my_o breast_n hail_v noble_a town_n where_o fame_n shall_v never_o forget_v the_o saint_n the_o citizen_n and_o happy_a seat_n here_o heaven_n true_a soldier_n with_o unwearied_a care_n and_o pious_a labour_n wage_v the_o christian_a war_n but_o now_o the_o old_a verulam_n be_v turn_v into_o cornfield_n and_o st._n alban_n aâ—â—â—â—â—_n st._n aâ—â—â—â—â—_n flourish_v which_o rise_v up_o out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o it_o a_o neat_a and_o large_a town_n the_o church_n of_o the_o say_a monastery_n be_v still_o in_o be_v a_o pile_n of_o building_n which_o for_o its_o largeness_n beauty_n and_o antiquity_n may_v just_o challenge_v a_o particular_a regard_n when_o the_o monk_n be_v turn_v out_o it_o be_v by_o the_o townsman_n purchase_v for_o four_o hundred_o pound_n otherwise_o it_o have_v be_v lay_v even_o with_o the_o ground_n and_o be_v convert_v into_o a_o parochial_a church_n it_o have_v in_o it_o a_o very_a noble_a font_n of_o solid_a brass_n wherein_o the_o child_n of_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v baptize_v which_o font_n sir_n richard_n lea_n spoil_v a_o fâ—â—â—aâ—en_a 〈◊〉_d the_o scâ—â—â—_n spoil_v master_n of_o the_o pioner_n bring_v hither_o among_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o spoil_v take_v in_o the_o scotch_a war_n and_o give_v it_o to_o this_o church_n whereon_o be_v to_o be_v read_v this_o proud_a inscription_n cum_fw-la laethia_n opidum_fw-la apud_fw-la scotos_fw-gr non_fw-fr incelebre_fw-la et_fw-la edinburgus_n primaria_fw-la apud_fw-la eos_n civitas_n incendio_fw-la conflagrarent_fw-la richardus_fw-la leus_fw-la eques_fw-la auratus_fw-la menander_n flammis_fw-la ereptum_fw-la ad_fw-la anglos_n perduxit_fw-la huius_fw-la ego_fw-la tanti_fw-la beneficii_fw-la memor_n non_fw-fr nisi_fw-la regum_fw-la liberos_fw-la lavare_fw-la solitus_fw-la nunc_fw-la meam_fw-la operam_fw-la etiam_fw-la infimis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la libenter_fw-la condixi_fw-la leus_n victor_n sic_fw-la voluit_fw
isabel_n and_o delaley_n and_o other_o large_a possession_n which_o by_o the_o outlawry_n of_o richard_n earl_n of_o arundel_n be_v then_o forfeit_v to_o the_o crown_n richard_n himself_o be_v style_v princeps_fw-la cestriae_fw-la prince_n of_o chester_n but_o this_o title_n be_v but_o of_o small_a duration_n no_o long_o than_o till_o henry_n the_o four_o repeal_v the_o law_n of_o the_o say_a parliament_n for_o than_o it_o become_v a_o county_n palatine_n again_o and_o retain_v that_o prerogative_n to_o this_o day_n which_o be_v administer_v by_o a_o chamberlain_n palatine_n chamberlain_n who_o have_v all_o jurisdiction_n of_o a_o chancellor_n within_o the_o say_a county_n palatine_n a_o judge_n special_a county_n special_a for_o matter_n in_o common-plees_a and_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n to_o be_v hear_v and_o determine_v in_o the_o say_a county_n two_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n three_o sergeant_n at_o law_n a_o sheriff_n a_o attorney_n a_o escheator_n misinform_v escheator_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o say_a county_n for_o the_o enjoy_n of_o their_o liberty_n be_v to_o pay_v at_o the_o change_n of_o every_o owner_n of_o the_o say_a earldom_n a_o sum_n of_o money_n about_o 3000_o mark_n by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o mize_n as_o the_o county_n of_o flint_n be_v a_o parcel_n thereof_o about_o 2000_o mark_n if_o i_o have_v not_o be_v misinform_v etc._n etc._n we_o have_v now_o survey_v the_o country_n of_o the_o cornavii_n who_o together_o with_o the_o coritani_n dobuni_n and_o catuellani_n make_v one_o entire_a kingdom_n in_o the_o saxon_a heptarchy_n then_o call_v by_o they_o myrcna-ric_a and_o mearclond_n but_o render_v by_o the_o latin_n meâ—cia_n from_o a_o saxon_a word_n mearc_n which_o signify_v limit_n for_o the_o other_o kingdom_n border_v upon_o this_o this_o be_v by_o far_o the_o large_a kingdom_n of_o they_o all_o begin_v by_o crida_n the_o saxon_a about_o the_o year_n 586._o and_o enlarge_v on_o all_o hand_n by_o penda_n and_o a_o littlâ—_n after_o under_o peada_n convert_v to_o christianity_n but_o after_o a_o duration_n of_o 250_o year_n it_o be_v too_o late_o subject_v to_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a when_o it_o have_v long_o endure_v all_o the_o outrage_n and_o misery_n that_o the_o danish_a war_n can_v inflict_v upon_o it_o this_o county_n have_v about_o 68_o parish_n addition_n to_o cheshire_n as_o the_o county_n of_o chester_n exceed_v most_o other_o in_o the_o antiquity_n and_o royalty_n of_o its_o jurisdiction_n and_o multitude_n of_o its_o ancient_a gentry_n so_o the_o famous_a colony_n settle_v in_o it_o under_o the_o roman_a government_n have_v render_v it_o very_o considerable_a for_o antiquity_n nor_o have_v that_o subject_n want_v a_o due_a examination_n or_o the_o remain_v of_o antiquity_n lie_v so_o long_o undiscovered_a if_o most_o of_o its_o historian_n have_v not_o be_v lead_v away_o with_o a_o chain_n of_o groundless_a story_n and_o extravagant_a conjecture_n it_o be_v true_a sir_n peter_n leicester_n have_v make_v due_a search_n into_o the_o record_n relate_v to_o this_o county_n especial_o to_o bucklow-hundred_n and_o report_v they_o with_o great_a exactness_n and_o fidelity_n but_o the_o roman_a affair_n he_o have_v leave_v so_o entire_o untouched_a that_o it_o be_v plain_a he_o either_o industrious_o decline_v they_o as_o foreign_a to_o his_o business_n or_o want_v experience_n to_o carry_v he_o through_o that_o part_n of_o history_n in_o like_a manner_n sir_n john_n doderidge_n a_o man_n of_o great_a learning_n in_o his_o treatise_n concern_v this_o county_n have_v exact_o state_v the_o ancient_a and_o present_a revenue_n thereof_o but_o be_v not_o so_o diligent_a in_o his_o inquiry_n concern_v the_o original_n of_o the_o county_n palatine_n as_o may_v from_o a_o man_n of_o his_o profession_n have_v be_v reasonable_o expect_v however_o his_o defect_n in_o this_o point_n be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n supply_v by_o what_o the_o learned_a mr._n harrington_n have_v leave_v upon_o that_o subject_n a_o gentleman_n by_o who_o death_n learn_v in_o general_n and_o particular_o the_o antiquity_n of_o this_o county_n which_o he_o have_v design_v to_o illustrate_v and_o improve_v have_v suffer_v very_o much_o asleep_o to_o begin_v then_o with_o mr._n camden_n who_o first_o observe_v that_o this_o be_v a_o county_n palatine_n palatine_n county_n palatine_n it_o may_v be_v worth_a our_o notice_n that_o it_o have_v this_o additional_a title_n upon_o the_o come_n over_o of_o the_o norman_n at_o first_o indeed_o william_n the_o conqueror_n give_v this_o province_n to_o gherbord_o a_o nobleman_n of_o flanders_n who_o have_v only_o the_o same_o title_n and_o power_n as_o the_o officiary_a earl_n among_o the_o saxon_n have_v enjoy_v the_o inheritance_n the_o earldom_n and_o grandeur_n of_o the_o tenure_n be_v not_o yet_o settle_v afterward_o hugh_n lupus_n son_n of_o the_o viscount_n of_o auranche_n a_o nephew_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n by_o his_o sister_n receive_v this_o earldom_n from_o the_o conqueror_n under_o the_o great_a and_o most_o honourable_a tenure_n that_o ever_o be_v grant_v to_o a_o subject_a totum_fw-la hunc_fw-la dedit_fw-la comitatum_fw-la tenendum_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la ita_fw-la liberè_fw-la ad_fw-la gladium_fw-la sicut_fw-la ipse_fw-la rex_fw-la tenebat_fw-la angliae_fw-la coronam_fw-la the_o vast_a extent_n of_o the_o power_n convey_v in_o this_o grant_n carry_v in_o they_o palatine_a jurisdiction_n though_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o neither_o hugh_n lupus_n nor_o any_o of_o his_o successor_n be_v in_o the_o grant_v itself_o or_o any_o ancient_a record_n style_v comites_fw-la palatini_n as_o to_o the_o original_n of_o palatinate_n in_o general_a it_o be_v clear_a that_o ancient_o in_o the_o decline_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o the_o name_n import_v be_v only_a officer_n of_o the_o court_n of_o prince_n the_o term_n in_o process_n of_o time_n be_v restrain_v to_o those_o who_o have_v the_o final_a determination_n of_o cause_n under_o the_o king_n or_o emperor_n and_o those_o that_o exercis_o do_v this_o sovereignty_n of_o jurisdiction_n in_o any_o precinct_n or_o province_n be_v call_v comites_fw-la palatini_n and_o the_o place_n where_o the_o jurisdiction_n be_v use_v palatinatus_n a_o palatinate_n instance_n of_o such_o personal_a office_n in_o the_o court_n we_o may_v still_o observe_v in_o the_o palatine_a of_o hungary_n and_o example_n of_o such_o local_a authority_n we_o have_v in_o the_o palatinate_v of_o the_o rhine_n durham_n and_o lancaster_n whether_o therefore_o the_o ancient_a palatine_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o praefecti_fw-la praetorio_fw-la the_o curopalatae_n the_o grand_a mistress_n in_o france_n or_o the_o ancient_a chief_a justice_n in_o england_n we_o need_v not_o dispute_v since_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o the_o comites_fw-la palatini_n as_o all_o new-erected_n officer_n title_n retain_v many_o 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and_o make_v they_o not_o only_o subordinate_a to_o but_o dependent_a on_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o yet_o after_o that_o restrain_v statute_n all_o plea_n of_o land_n and_o tenement_n all_o contract_n arise_v within_o this_o county_n be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v judicial_o hear_v and_o determine_v within_o this_o shire_n and_o not_o elsewhere_o and_o if_o any_o determination_n be_v make_v out_o of_o it_o it_o be_v void_a and_o coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la except_o in_o case_n of_o error_n foreign-plea_n and_o foreign_a voucher_n and_o there_o be_v no_o other_o crime_n but_o treason_n that_o can_v draw_v a_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o county_n to_o a_o trial_n elsewhere_o this_o jurisdiction_n though_o hold_v now_o in_o other_o county_n be_v most_o ancient_o claim_v and_o enjoy_v by_o this_o county_n of_o chester_n the_o palatinate_n of_o lancaster_n which_o be_v the_o favourite-province_n of_o the_o king_n of_o that_o house_n be_v erect_v under_o edw._n 1._o and_o grant_v by_o he_o to_o henry_n the_o first_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n and_o even_o in_o the_o act_n of_o
monument_n of_o this_o kind_n in_o wales_n some_o of_o which_o we_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o other_o county_n in_o anglesey_n where_o there_o be_v many_o of_o they_o as_o also_o in_o some_o other_o place_n they_o be_v call_v kromlecheu_a a_o name_n derive_v from_o krwm_n which_o signify_v crooked_a or_o incline_v and_o lhech_v a_o flat_a stone_n but_o of_o the_o name_n more_o hereafter_o it_o be_v general_o suppose_v they_o be_v place_n of_o burial_n but_o i_o have_v not_o yet_o learn_v that_o ever_o any_o bone_n or_o urn_n be_v find_v by_o dig_v under_o any_o of_o they_o edward_z somerset_z lord_z herbert_z of_o chepstow_n ragland_n and_o gower_n obtain_v of_o k._n charles_n 1._o the_o title_n of_o earl_n of_o glamorgan_n glamogan_n earl_n of_o glamogan_n his_o father_n the_o lord_n marquis_n of_o worcester_n be_v then_o alive_a the_o succession_n of_o which_o family_n may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o addition_n to_o worcestershire_n dimetae_n of_o the_o remainder_n of_o this_o region_n which_o be_v extend_v westward_o and_o call_v by_o the_o english_a west-wales_n west-wales_n west-wales_n comprehend_v caermardhinshire_n pembrokeshire_n and_o cardiganshire_n be_v think_v by_o pliny_n to_o have_v be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o silures_n but_o ptolemy_n to_o who_o britain_n be_v better_o know_v place_v another_o nation_n here_o who_o he_o call_v dimetae_n and_o demetae_n moreover_o both_o gildas_n and_o ninnius_n use_v the_o word_n demetia_n to_o signify_v this_o country_n whence_o the_o britain_n call_v it_o at_o this_o day_n dyve_v change_v the_o m_n into_o five_o according_a to_o the_o propriety_n of_o that_o language_n if_o it_o will_v not_o be_v think_v a_o strain_a piece_n of_o curiosity_n i_o shall_v be_v apt_a to_o derive_v this_o appellation_n of_o the_o demetae_n from_o the_o word_n deheu-meath_a which_o signify_v the_o southern_a plain_n as_o all_o this_o south-wales_n have_v be_v call_v deheubarth_a i.e._n the_o southern_a part._n and_o i_o find_v that_o elsewhere_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o champain_n country_n in_o britain_n be_v call_v by_o the_o britain_n themselves_o meatae_n nor_o do_v the_o situation_n of_o this_o country_n contradict_v that_o signification_n for_o when_o you_o take_v a_o prospect_n of_o it_o the_o hill_n decline_v gentle_o and_o it_o dilate_v itself_o gradual_o to_o a_o plain_n they_o plain_n see_v it_o be_v the_o custom_n among_o the_o roman_n to_o retain_v such_o name_n of_o the_o place_n they_o conquer_v as_o the_o ancient_a native_n make_v use_v of_o add_v only_o a_o latin_a termination_n it_o may_v seem_v more_o probable_a that_o dimetia_n be_v mâ—de_v out_o of_o the_o british_a name_n dyve_v than_o the_o contrary_n but_o whatever_o the_o original_a name_n of_o this_o county_n may_v be_v i_o can_v subscribe_v to_o our_o author_n conjecture_n of_o the_o etymon_n of_o it_o for_o we_o find_v no_o such_o word_n in_o the_o british_a language_n either_o in_o manuscript_n or_o common_a use_n as_o meath_z for_o a_o plain_a champain_n country_n though_o indeed_o if_o there_o be_v such_o a_o word_n they_o that_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o those_o county_n will_v scarce_o allow_v it_o applicable_a to_o they_o caermardhinshire_n the_o county_n of_o kaer-vyrdhin_a call_v by_o the_o english_a caermardhinshire_n be_v a_o country_n sufficient_o supply_v with_o corn_n very_o well_o stock_v with_o cattle_n and_o in_o divers_a place_n afford_v plenty_n of_o coal_n it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o glamorgan_n and_o brecknock_n shire_n on_o the_o west_n with_o pembroke_n on_o the_o north_n divide_v from_o cardiganshire_n by_o the_o river_n teivi_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o main_a ocean_n which_o encroach_v on_o the_o land_n here_o with_o such_o a_o vast_a bay_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o this_o country_n may_v seem_v out_o of_o fear_n to_o have_v withdraw_v itself_o in_o this_o bay_n kydweli_n first_o offer_v itself_o the_o territory_n whereof_o be_v possess_v for_o some_o time_n by_o the_o son_n of_o keianus_n a_o scot_n until_o they_o be_v drive_v out_o by_o kynèdhav_n a_o british_a prince_n but_o now_o it_o be_v esteem_v part_n of_o the_o inheritance_n of_o lancaster_n by_o the_o heir_n of_o maurice_n of_o london_n or_o de_fw-fr londres_n who_o remove_v from_o glamorganshire_n after_o a_o tedious_a war_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o and_o fortify_v old_a kydweli_n with_o wall_n and_o a_o castle_n now_o decay_v with_o age_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n pass_v over_o the_o river_n of_o gwen-draeth_a vechan_n build_v new_a kydweli_n invite_v thither_o by_o the_o conveniency_n of_o a_o haven_n which_o yet_o at_o present_a be_v of_o no_o great_a use_n be_v choke_v with_o shelf_n conâ—â—_n â—â—hâ—an_n â—â—an_z of_o â—y_a conâ—â—_n when_o maurice_n of_o london_n invade_v these_o territory_n gwenlhîan_v the_o wife_n of_o prince_n gryffydh_n a_o woman_n of_o invincible_a courage_n endeavour_v to_o restore_v her_o husband_n decline_a state_n enter_v the_o field_n with_o display_v banner_n and_o encounter_v he_o but_o the_o success_n not_o be_v answerable_a to_o her_o courage_n she_o with_o her_o son_n morgan_n and_z divers_z other_z noblemen_z as_o giraldus_n inform_v we_o be_v slay_v in_o the_o field_n â—â—eli_a 〈◊〉_d of_o â—or_a and_o â—â—eli_a by_o hawis_n the_o daughter_n and_o heiress_n of_o london_n of_o sir_n thomas_n of_o london_n thomas_n de_fw-fr londres_n this_o fair_a inheritance_n with_o the_o title_n of_o lord_n of_o ogmor_n and_o kydweli_n descend_v to_o patrick_n chaworth_n and_o by_o a_o daughter_n of_o his_o son_n patrick_n to_o henry_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n the_o heir_n of_o maurice_n de_fw-fr londres_n as_o we_o read_v in_o a_o old_a inquisition_n be_v oblige_v by_o this_o tenure_n in_o case_n the_o king_n or_o his_o chief_a justice_n shall_v lead_v a_o army_n into_o these_o part_n of_o kydweli_n to_o conduct_v the_o say_a army_n with_o their_o banner_n and_o all_o their_o force_n through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o country_n of_o neath_n to_o lochor_n â—â—s_o â—â—iver_v 〈◊〉_d or_o â—â—s_o a_o little_a below_o kydweli_n the_o river_n towy_a which_o ptolemy_n call_v tobius_n be_v receive_v into_o the_o ocean_n have_v pass_v the_o length_n of_o this_o county_n from_o north_n to_o south_n first_o by_o lhan_n ym_fw-fr dhyuri_n so_o call_v as_o be_v suppose_v from_o the_o confluence_n of_o river_n which_o out_o of_o malice_n to_o the_o english_a be_v long_o since_o demolish_v by_o howel_n ap_fw-mi rhÅ·s_n â—â—r_fw-fr â—â—r_fw-fr afterward_o by_o dinevor-castle_n the_o royal_a seat_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o south-wales_n whilst_o they_o flourish_v situate_v aloft_o on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n and_o at_o last_o by_o caermardhin_a which_o the_o britain_n themselves_o call_v kaer-vyrdhin_a ptolemy_n maridunum_n maridunum_n maridunum_n and_o antoninus_n muridunum_n who_o continue_v not_o his_o journey_n any_o far_a than_o this_o place_n caermardhin_a caermardhin_a and_o be_v here_o by_o negligence_n of_o the_o copyist_n ill_o handle_v for_o they_o have_v careless_o confound_v two_o journey_n the_o one_o from_o galena_n to_o isca_n the_o other_o from_o maridunum_n to_o viroconovium_n this_o be_v the_o chief_a town_n of_o the_o county_n pleasant_o seat_v for_o meadow_n and_o wood_n and_o a_o place_n of_o venerable_a antiquity_n fortify_v neat_o say_v giraldus_n with_o brick-wall_n partly_o yet_o stand_v on_o the_o noble_a river_n of_o towy_a navigable_a with_o ship_n of_o small_a burden_n though_o the_o mouth_n of_o it_o be_v now_o almost_o stop_v with_o a_o bed_n of_o sand._n here_o our_o merlin_n emris_n merlin_n or_o myrdhin_a emris_n the_o british_a tages_n be_v bear_v for_o as_o tages_n be_v report_v to_o have_v be_v the_o son_n of_o a_o genius_n and_o to_o have_v teach_v the_o tuscan_n soothsaying_a so_o our_o merlin_n who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v the_o son_n of_o a_o incubus_n devise_v prophecy_n or_o rather_o mere_a fantastical_a dream_n for_o our_o britain_n insomuch_o that_o in_o this_o island_n he_o have_v the_o reputation_n of_o a_o eminent_a prophet_n among_o the_o ignorant_a common_a people_n asleep_o soon_o after_o the_o norman_n enter_v wales_n this_o town_n fall_v into_o their_o possession_n but_o by_o who_o mean_n i_o know_v not_o and_o a_o long_a time_n it_o encounter_v many_o difficulty_n have_v be_v often_o besiege_v and_o twice_o burn_v first_o by_o gryffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhÅ·s_fw-mi and_o afterward_o by_o rhÅ·_n the_o say_v gryffydh_n brother_n at_o which_o time_n henry_n turbervil_n a_o englishman_n relieve_v the_o castle_n and_o cut_v down_o the_o bridge_n but_o the_o wall_n and_o castle_n be_v afterward_o repair_v by_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr clare_n it_o be_v free_v from_o these_o misery_n so_o that_o be_v thus_o secure_v it_o bear_v the_o tempest_n of_o war_n much_o easy_a afterward_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n elder_a son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n settle_v here_o their_o chancery_n and_o exchequer_n for_o south-wales_n opposite_a to_o this_o city_n
the_o confine_n of_o the_o parish_n of_o kelhan_n and_o lhan_n y_fw-fr krŵys_n and_o be_v at_o present_a whatever_o it_o be_v put_v up_o for_o the_o mere-stone_n or_o boundary_a betwixt_o this_o county_n and_o caermardhinshire_n not_o far_o from_o it_o be_v maen_n y_o prenvol_n which_o i_o have_v not_o see_v but_o suppose_v from_o the_o name_n to_o be_v a_o monument_n of_o that_o kind_n we_o call_v kistvaen_n for_o prenvol_n in_o this_o country_n in_o north-wales_n prennol_n signify_v a_o small_a coffer_n or_o chest_n gwe_o taliesin_n in_o the_o parish_n of_o lhan-vihangel_a geneu'r_o glyn_n by_o its_o name_n and_o the_o tradition_n of_o the_o neighbour_n concern_v it_o aught_o to_o be_v the_o grave_n of_o the_o celebrate_a poet_n taliesin_n ben_fw-mi beirdh_fw-mi protovate_v beirdh_fw-mi id_fw-la est_fw-la taliesinus_n protovate_v who_o flourish_v about_o the_o year_n 540._o this_o grave_n or_o bed_n for_o that_o be_v the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n gwely_n seem_v also_o to_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o kist-vaen_a 4_o foot_n long_o and_z 3_o in_o breadth_n compose_v of_o 4_o stone_n 1_o at_o each_o end_n and_o 2_o side-stone_n whereof_o the_o high_a be_v about_o a_o foot_n above_o ground_n i_o take_v this_o and_o all_o other_o of_o this_o kind_n for_o old_a heathen_a monument_n and_o be_o far_o from_o believe_v that_o ever_o taliesin_n be_v inter_v here_o but_o to_o proceed_v from_o these_o barbarous_a monument_n which_o yet_o i_o take_v to_o be_v no_o more_o rude_a than_o those_o of_o our_o neighbour_n nation_n before_o they_o be_v conquer_v by_o the_o roman_n to_o something_o late_a and_o more_o civilise_a i_o shall_v here_o add_v a_o inscription_n i_o late_o copy_v from_o a_o large_a rude_a stone_n in_o penbryn_n parish_n not_o far_o from_o the_o church_n it_o stand_v not_o long_o since_o as_o i_o be_v inform_v in_o a_o small_a heap_n of_o stone_n close_o by_o the_o place_n where_o it_o lie_v now_o on_o the_o ground_n the_o stone_n be_v as_o hard_a as_o marble_n and_o the_o letter_n large_a and_o very_o fair_a and_o deep_o inscribe_v than_o ordinary_a but_o what_o they_o signify_v i_o fear_v must_v be_v leave_v to_o the_o reader_n be_v conjecture_n i_o must_v confess_v that_o at_o first_o view_n i_o think_v i_o may_v venture_v to_o read_v it_o cor_n balencii_n jacit_fw-la ordous_a and_o to_o interpret_v it_o the_o heart_n of_o valentius_n of_o north-wales_n lie_v here_o suppose_v that_o such_o a_o person_n may_v have_v be_v slay_v there_o in_o battle_n in_o old_a inscription_n we_o often_o find_v the_o letter_n b._n use_v for_o v._o as_o balerius_n for_o valerius_n bixsit_v for_o vixsit_v militabit_fw-la for_o militavit_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o the_o word_n ordous_a i_o think_v not_o very_o remote_a from_o ordovices_n but_o i_o be_o not_o satisfy_v with_o this_o notion_n of_o it_o myself_o much_o less_o do_v i_o expect_v that_o other_o shall_v acquiesce_v therein_o in_o this_o same_o parish_n of_o penbryn_n be_v find_v some_o year_n since_o a_o british_a gold_n coin_n weigh_v i_o suppose_v above_o a_o guinea_n which_o be_v now_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o worshipful_a john_n william_n esquire_n of_o aber_n nant_n bychan_n who_o be_v please_v to_o send_v i_o the_o figure_n of_o it_o insert_v now_o among_o some_o other_o antiquity_n at_o the_o end_n of_o these_o county_n of_o wales_n from_o this_o and_o many_o other_o find_v in_o several_a place_n of_o this_o kingdom_n it_o be_v manifest_a the_o britain_n have_v gold_n and_o silver_n coin_v of_o their_o own_o before_o the_o roman_a conquest_n unless_o such_o as_o contend_v for_o the_o contrary_a can_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o these_o coin_v be_v bring_v in_o by_o the_o phoenician_n or_o some_o other_o trade_v nation_n which_o i_o think_v no_o man_n have_v yet_o attempt_v for_o see_v such_o of_o these_o coin_v as_o want_v inscription_n be_v always_o a_o little_a hollow_a on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o have_v also_o impression_n or_o character_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v they_o different_a from_o those_o of_o roman_a and_o all_o other_o coin_v it_o be_v very_o plain_a the_o art_n of_o coin_v they_o be_v never_o learn_v of_o the_o roman_n for_o if_o so_o we_o have_v never_o meet_v with_o these_o unintelligible_a character_n on_o they_o but_o roman_a letter_n such_o as_o by_o some_o coin_v of_o veâ—â—_n of_o bâ—â—_n waâ—â—_n aâ—a_fw-it 〈◊〉_d veâ—â—_n cassivelaunus_n and_o cunobelin_n we_o find_v they_o make_v use_v of_o after_o their_o conquest_n since_o mr._n camden_n time_n thomas_n brudenel_n baron_n brudenel_n of_o stoughton_n be_v create_v earl_n of_o cardigan_n carâ—â—â—â—â—_n earâ—â—_n carâ—â—â—â—â—_n by_o k._n charles_n 2._o apr._n 20._o 1661._o upon_o who_o death_n robert_n his_o son_n succeed_v in_o his_o estate_n and_o title_n north_n wales_n by_o rob_n t_o morden_n ordevice_n those_o country_n of_o the_o silures_n and_o dimetae_n we_o have_v last_o survey_v be_v in_o aftertime_n when_o wales_n become_v divide_v into_o three_o principality_n call_v by_o the_o native_n deheubarth_n or_o the_o right-hand_a part_n and_o in_o english_a as_o we_o have_v already_o observe_v south-wales_n the_o other_o two_o principality_n which_o they_o call_v gwynedh_n and_o powy_n we_o north-wales_n and_o powisland_n be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o ordovices_n call_v also_o ordevice_n and_o ordovicae_n and_o in_o some_o author_n though_o corrupt_o ordolucae_fw-la a_o courageous_a and_o puissant_a nation_n these_o be_v as_o be_v inhabitant_n of_o a_o mountainous_a country_n and_o receive_v vigour_n from_o their_o native_a soil_n and_o who_o continue_v the_o long_a of_o any_o unconquered_a by_o either_o roman_n or_o english_a for_o they_o be_v not_o subdue_v by_o the_o roman_n till_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n domitian_n when_o julius_n agricola_n reduce_v almost_o the_o whole_a nation_n nor_o be_v they_o subject_v by_o the_o english_a before_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o for_o a_o long_a time_n they_o enjoy_v their_o liberty_n confide_v as_o well_o in_o their_o own_o strength_n and_o courage_n as_o the_o roughness_n and_o difficult_a situation_n of_o their_o country_n which_o may_v seem_v in_o a_o manner_n as_o if_o nature_n have_v design_v it_o for_o ambuscadoe_n and_o prolong_v of_o war_n to_o determine_v the_o limit_n of_o these_o ordevice_n be_v no_o hard_a task_n but_o to_o render_v a_o true_a account_n of_o the_o name_n seem_v very_o difficult_a however_o i_o have_v entertain_v a_o conjecture_n that_o see_v they_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o two_o river_n of_o devi_n which_o spring_v not_o far_o asunder_o take_v their_o course_n different_a way_n and_o that_o ar-dhyvi_a that_o read_v ar-dhyvi_a oar-devi_a in_o the_o british_a language_n signify_v upon_o the_o river_n of_o devi_n they_o have_v be_v thence_o call_v ordevice_n so_o the_o arverni_n receive_v their_o name_n from_o their_o situation_n on_o the_o river_n garumna_n the_o armorici_n from_o inhabit_v a_o maritime_a country_n and_o the_o horesci_n from_o their_o border_n on_o the_o river_n esk._n nor_o be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o ordevice_n so_o entire_o extinct_a in_o this_o country_n but_o that_o there_o remain_v some_o footstep_n of_o it_o for_o a_o considerable_a part_n of_o it_o which_o lie_v on_o the_o sea_n be_v at_o this_o day_n call_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n ardudwy_n out_o of_o which_o the_o roman_n by_o a_o soft_a pronunciation_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v coin_v their_o ordovices_n and_o ordevice_n but_o now_o this_o whole_a tract_n one_o small_a county_n except_v be_v call_v in_o latin_a gwynedhia_n and_o venedotia_n and_o in_o british_a gwynedh_n from_o the_o veneti_n in_o armorica_n as_o some_o suspect_n who_o as_o caesar_n write_v be_v use_v often_o to_o sail_v into_o britain_n and_o if_o it_o be_v allowable_a to_o change_v but_o one_o letter_n i_o may_v suppose_v this_o name_n also_o not_o unknown_a to_o the_o greek_n and_o to_o pausanias_n who_o in_o his_o arcadia_n inform_v we_o that_o antoninus_n pius_n have_v sufficient_o chastise_v our_o brigantes_n for_o make_v inroad_n into_o genounia_n a_o roman_a province_n in_o britain_n now_o if_o we_o may_v be_v allow_v to_o read_v genouthia_n genounia_fw-la genounia_fw-la for_o genounia_n that_o word_n come_v so_o near_a guinethia_n and_o this_o guinethia_n or_o gwynedh_n border_n so_o much_o on_o the_o country_n of_o the_o brigantes_n that_o unless_o pausanias_n understand_v this_o region_n let_v sibylla_n herself_o discover_v what_o country_n he_o mean_v to_o the_o ordovices_n belong_v those_o country_n which_o be_v now_o call_v in_o english_a by_o new_a name_n montgomeryshire_n meirionydhshire_n caernarvonshire_n denbighshire_n and_o flintshire_n montgomeryshire_n montgomeryshire_n in_o british_a sîr_fw-fr dre_fw-fr '_o valdwyn_n from_o its_o chief_a town_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n with_o cardigan_n and_o radnor_n shire_n on_o the_o east_n with_o shropshire_n on_o the_o north_n with_o denbigh_n and_o on_o the_o west_n with_o
new_a name_n a_o ancient_a altar_n be_v find_v among_o the_o rubbish_n of_o a_o old_a castle_n with_o this_o inscription_n mereto_o â—c_z duplaâ—s_fw-la numeri_fw-la â—xploratoâ—m_fw-la bremeâ—i_fw-la aram_n â—stituerunt_fw-la â—umini_fw-la eâ—s_fw-la capione_n â—harâ—cimo_fw-la â—ibuno_fw-it voâ—â—n_fw-it solveâ—nt_fw-la libâ—nâ—s_n mereto_o d._n r._n s._n dupl_n n._n explor_n bremen_n aram._n institverunt_fw-la n_n eius_n c_o caep_n charitino_n trib_o v_o s_o l_o m_o may_n we_o not_o hence_o guess_v that_o here_o be_v that_o bremenium_n â—remenium_fw-la â—remenium_fw-la so_o industrious_o and_o so_o long_o seek_v after_o which_o ptolemy_n mention_n in_o these_o part_n and_o from_o which_o antoninus_n begin_v his_o first_o journey_n in_o britain_n as_o from_o its_o outmost_a limit_n g_o for_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v sea_n great_a river_n mountain_n desert_n and_o unpassable_a country_n such_o as_o this_o part_n afford_v ditch_n wall_n empailure_n and_o especial_o castle_n build_v in_o the_o most_o suspect_a place_n whereof_o there_o be_v here_o great_a plenty_n of_o remains_o indeed_o since_o the_o barbarian_n have_v throw_v down_o antoninus_n pius_n wall_n in_o scotland_n wide_o spoil_v this_o country_n and_o hadrian_n wall_n lie_v unheeded_a till_o severus_n time_n we_o may_v believe_v the_o limit_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v in_o this_o place_n and_o hence_o the_o old_a itinerary_n that_o go_v under_o the_o name_n of_o antoninus_n begin_v here_o as_o a_o limit_v i._n at_o the_o further_a bound_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o the_o addition_n of_o i_o à _fw-la vallo_fw-la be_v a_o gloss_n of_o the_o transcriber_n since_o bremenium_n lie_v fourteen_o mile_n northward_o from_o the_o wall_n unless_o we_o take_v it_o to_o be_v one_o of_o those_o field-station_n already_o mention_v to_o have_v be_v build_v beyond_o the_o wall_n in_o the_o enemy_n country_n to_o the_o south_n of_o old_a bremenium_n within_o five_o mile_n 1388._o battle_n of_o otterburn_n 1388._o lie_v otterburn_n where_o a_o stout_a engagement_n happen_v betwixt_o the_o scot_n and_o english_a victory_n three_o or_o four_o time_n change_v side_n and_o at_o last_o fix_v with_o the_o scot_n for_o henry_n percy_n for_o his_o youthful_a forwardness_n bynamed_a whot-spur_n who_o command_v the_o english_a be_v himself_o take_v prisoner_n and_o lose_v fifteen_o hundred_o of_o his_o man_n and_o william_n douglas_n the_o scotch_a general_n fall_v with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n so_o that_o never_o be_v there_o a_o great_a instance_n of_o the_o martial_a prowess_n of_o both_o nation_n h_o a_o little_a low_o the_o river_n rhead_n wash_v or_o rather_o have_v almost_o wash_v away_o another_o town_n of_o venerable_a antiquity_n now_o call_v risingham_n risingham_n risingham_n which_o in_o the_o old-english_a and_o high-dutch_a language_n signify_v as_o much_o as_o giants-town_n as_o risingberg_n in_o germany_n be_v giants-hill_n i_o there_o be_v here_o many_o remain_v of_o antiquity_n the_o inhabitant_n report_v that_o the_o placc_fw-la be_v long_o defend_v by_o the_o god_n magon_n against_o a_o certain_a soldan_n or_o pagan_a prince_n nor_o be_v the_o story_n whole_o groundless_a for_o that_o such_o a_o god_n be_v here_o worship_v appear_v from_o these_o two_o altar_n late_o take_v out_o of_o the_o river_n and_o thus_o inscribe_v posuit_fw-la 〈◊〉_d mogonâ—_n cadenoâ—_n &_o â—â—ini_fw-la doâ—â—ini_fw-la nostri_fw-la â—ugusti_fw-la m._n â—_o secundiâ—_n benefiâ—aâ—ius_n conâ—_n habiâ—ici_n priâ—â—_n tam_fw-la â—se_n &_o 〈◊〉_d posuit_fw-la deo_fw-la mogonti_n god_n et_fw-la n._n dn_n aug._n m._n g._n secundinus_n bf_n cos._n habita_n nci_fw-la primus_fw-la ta_n pro_fw-la see_fw-la et_fw-la svis_fw-la posvit_fw-la deo_fw-la mouno_n god_n inventus_n do_v v._n s._n from_o the_o former_a of_o these_o some_o guess_n may_v be_v make_v that_o the_o place_n be_v call_v habitancum_n and_o that_o he_o who_o erect_v it_o be_v pensioner_n to_o a_o consul_n and_o mayor_n of_o the_o town_n for_o that_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n of_o city_n â—rimas_fw-la â—rimas_fw-la town_n and_o fort_n be_v call_v primate_fw-la the_o codex_fw-la theodosii_fw-la will_v abundant_o teach_v we_o whether_o this_o god_n be_v the_o tutelar_a deity_n of_o the_o gadeni_n who_o ptolemy_n make_v next_o neighbour_n to_o the_o ottadini_n i_o be_o not_o yet_o able_a to_o determine_v let_v other_o inquire_v here_o be_v also_o find_v the_o follow_a inscription_n for_o which_o among_o other_o we_o be_v indebt_v to_o the_o famous_a sir_n rob._n cotton_n of_o conington_n knight_n who_o very_o late_o see_v and_o copy_v they_o d._n m._n blescius_n diovicus_n filiae_fw-la svae_fw-la vix_fw-la sit_fw-la an._n i._o et_fw-la dies._fw-la xxi_o cvi_o praeest_fw-la m_o peregrinius_n super_fw-la trib_o coh_n i._o vang_z fecit_fw-la curante_fw-la jul._n paulo_n trib_o deae_fw-la ter_n tianae_n sa_n crum_fw-la ael_n timothea_n p._n v._n s._n ll._n m._n hercv_n li_n jul._n paullus_n t_o r_n i_o b._n v._o s._n aur._n antoni_fw-la ni_fw-fr pii_fw-la aug._n m_n messorius_n diligens_fw-la tribunus_n sacrum_fw-la as_o also_o what_o exceed_v all_o the_o rest_n in_o finery_n of_o the_o work_n a_o long_a table_n thus_o curious_o engrave_v and_o by_o the_o place_n the_o and_o yet_o our_o author_n place_n viniolana_n their_o station_n at_o winchester_n a_o great_a distance_n from_o hence_o why_o then_o shall_v another_o inscription_n find_v at_o rochester_n with_o a_o word_n in_o it_o that_o look_v like_o bremâ—nium_n so_o forcible_o prove_v that_o this_o be_v the_o old_a name_n of_o that_o place_n four_o cohort_n of_o the_o gallic_n troop_n dedicate_v to_o the_o sacred_a majesty_n of_o the_o emperor_n but_o to_o return_v a_o little_a lower_v rhead_n with_o several_a other_o brook_n that_o have_v join_v it_o run_v into_o tine_n and_o so_o far_o reach_v rhedesdale_n which_o as_o doomsday-book_n inform_v we_o the_o umfranvils_n hold_v in_o fee_n and_o knight_n service_n of_o the_o king_n for_o guard_v the_o dale_n from_o robber_n all_o over_o the_o waste_v waste_v waste_v as_o they_o call_v they_o as_o well_o as_o in_o gillesland_n you_o see_v as_o it_o be_v the_o ancient_a nomads_n nomades_n nomades_n a_o martial_a sort_n of_o people_n that_o from_o april_n to_o august_n lie_v in_o little_a hurt_n which_o they_o call_v sheals_n heal_v heal_v and_o shealing_n hear_v and_o there_o disperse_v among_o their_o flock_n from_o hence_o north-tine_n pass_v by_o chipche_n chipcâ—â—â—_n chipcâ—â—â—_n a_o little_a fort_n former_o belong_v to_o the_o umfranvils_n then_o to_o the_o heron._n the_o hairuns_n new_a common_o call_v heron._n heron_n k_o and_o not_o far_o from_o the_o small_a castle_n of_o swinborn_n swinbâ—â—â—_n swinbâ—â—â—_n which_o give_v name_n to_o a_o family_n of_o note_n and_o be_v sometime_o part_n of_o the_o barony_n of_o william_n heron_n afterward_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o woderingtons_n and_o so_o come_v to_o the_o wall_n which_o be_v cross_v at_o collerford_n collerâ—â—â—â—_n collerâ—â—â—â—_n by_o a_o bridge_n of_o arch_n where_o be_v still_o to_o be_v see_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o large_a fort_n of_o wallwick_n ciâ—urnâ—â—_n ciâ—urnâ—â—_n if_o cilurnum_n where_o the_o second_o wing_n of_o the_o astures_n lie_v in_o garrison_n be_v not_o here_o it_o be_v in_o the_o neighbourhood_n at_o scilcester_n in_o the_o wall_n â—reden_fw-mi â—â—ester_fw-mi â—reden_fw-mi where_o after_o sigga_n a_o nobleman_n have_v treacherous_o slay_v elfwald_n king_n of_o northumberland_n the_o religious_a build_v a_o church_n and_o dedicate_v it_o to_o cuthbert_n and_o oswald_n oswald_n oswald_n which_o last_o have_v so_o far_o outdo_v the_o other_o that_o the_o old_a name_n be_v quite_o lose_v the_o place_n be_v now_o call_v s._n oswald_n this_o oswald_n king_n of_o northumberland_z be_v ready_a to_o give_v battle_n to_o l_o cedwall_n the_o britain_n so_o bede_n call_v he_o who_o the_o british_a writer_n name_n caswallon_n king_n caswalâ—_n â—dwalla_o â—_o caswalâ—_n as_o it_o shall_v seem_v of_o cumberland_n erect_v a_o cross_n and_o humble_o on_o his_o knee_n beg_v of_o christ_n that_o he_o will_v afford_v his_o heavenly_a assistance_n to_o those_o that_o now_o call_v on_o his_o name_n and_o present_o with_o a_o loud_a voice_n thus_o address_v himself_o to_o the_o army_n northumberland_n â—de_a l._n 3._o c_o 2._o rout_n the_o â—â—r_a 634._o â—ristianiâ—_n first_o proâ—â—ed_v in_o northumberland_n let_v we_o all_o on_o our_o knee_n beseech_v the_o almighty_a living_n and_o true_a god_n merciful_o to_o defend_v we_o from_o our_o proud_a and_o cruel_a enemy_n we_o do_v not_o find_v say_v bede_n that_o any_o banner_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n any_o church_n any_o altar_n be_v ever_o erect_v in_o this_o country_n before_o this_o new_a general_n follow_v the_o dictate_v of_o a_o devout_a faith_n and_o be_v to_o engage_v with_o a_o most_o inhuman_a enemy_n set_v up_o this_o standard_n of_o the_o holy_a cross_n for_o after_o oswald_n have_v in_o this_o battle_n experience_v that_o effectual_a assistance_n of_o christ_n which_o he_o have_v pray_v for_o he_o immediate_o turn_v christian_n
dedicate_v his_o book_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a history_n of_o england_n and_o who_o afterward_o hoveden_n rog._n hoveden_n renounce_v the_o world_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o habit_n of_o a_o monk_n in_o the_o church_n of_o lindisfern_n and_o list_v himself_o a_o soldier_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n his_o body_n be_v afterward_o translate_v to_o the_o church_n of_o northam_n when_o also_o the_o dane_n have_v miserable_o waste_v the_o holy_a issand_n wherein_o s._n cuthbert_n so_o much_o magnify_v by_o bede_n be_v bishop_n and_o lay_v bury_v some_o endeavour_v by_o a_o religious_a stealth_n to_o convey_v his_o body_n beyond_o sea_n but_o the_o wind_n stand_v contrary_a they_o with_o all_o due_a reverence_n deposit_v the_o sacred_a body_n at_o 1._o at_o the_o print_a book_n have_v corrupt_o bulbeford_n will._n malmesb_n de_fw-fr gest_n pont._n lib._n 1._o ubbanford_n whether_o a_o bishop_n see_v or_o no_o be_v uncertain_a near_o the_o river_n twede_o where_o it_o lay_v for_o 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that_o county_n have_v do_v homage_n to_o alexander_n king_n of_o scot_n at_o feltun_n a_o great_a many_o year_n after_o this_o when_o john_n balliol_n king_n of_o scotland_n have_v break_v his_o oath_n edward_n the_o first_o reduce_v berwick_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1297._o but_o soon_o after_o the_o fortune_n of_o war_n favour_v the_o scot_n our_o man_n quit_v it_o and_o they_o seize_v it_o but_o the_o english_a forthwith_o have_v it_o surrender_v to_o they_o again_o afterward_o in_o the_o loose_a reign_n of_o edward_n the_o second_o peter_z spalding_n surrender_v it_o to_o robert_n brus_n king_n of_o scot_n who_o warm_o besiege_v it_o and_o the_o english_a vain_o attempt_v its_o recovery_n till_o our_o hector_n edward_z the_o three_o brave_o carry_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 1333._o in_o the_o reign_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o some_o scottish_a moss-troopers_a surprise_v the_o castle_n which_o within_o nine_o day_n be_v recover_v by_o henry_n percy_n earl_n of_o northumberland_n within_o seven_o year_n after_o this_o the_o scot_n regain_v it_o but_o by_o purchase_n not_o by_o their_o valour_n whereupon_o the_o say_v henry_n percy_n be_v then_o governor_n of_o the_o town_n be_v accuse_v of_o high-treason_n but_o he_o also_o corrupt_v the_o scot_n with_o money_n and_o so_o get_v it_o again_o a_o long_a time_n after_o this_o when_o england_n be_v almost_o spend_v in_o civil_a war_n henry_n the_o six_o be_v already_o flee_v into_o scotland_n deliver_v it_o up_o to_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n the_o better_a to_o secure_v himself_o in_o that_o kingdom_n two_o and_o twenty_o year_n after_o thomas_n stanley_n with_o a_o great_a loss_n of_o man_n reduce_v it_o to_o the_o obedience_n of_o edward_n the_o four_o since_o which_o time_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v several_a time_n fortify_v it_o with_o new_a work_n but_o especial_o queen_n elizabeth_n who_o late_o to_o the_o terror_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o security_n of_o the_o burgher_n have_v 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minute_n and_o its_o night_n have_v only_o six_o hour_n and_o 38_o minute_n day_n brita_n have_v 〈◊〉_d of_o day_n so_o true_o have_v servius_n honoratus_n write_v of_o this_o country_n britain_n say_v he_o have_v such_o plenty_n of_o day_n that_o she_o have_v hardly_o any_o room_n for_o night_n nor_o be_v it_o a_o wonder_n that_o the_o soldier_n of_o this_o garrison_n be_v able_a to_o play_v all_o night_n at_o die_n without_o a_o candle_n if_o we_o consider_v their_o thorough_a twilight_n and_o the_o truth_n of_o juvenal_n expression_n minimâ_fw-la contentos_fw-la nocte_fw-la britannos_fw-la britain_n with_o short_a night_n content_a take_v at_o part_v j._n jonston_n verse_n upon_o berwick_n scotorum_fw-la extremo_fw-la sub_fw-la limit_fw-la meta_fw-la furoris_fw-la saxonidum_fw-la gentis_fw-la par_fw-fr utriusque_fw-la labour_n mille_fw-fr vice_n rerum_fw-la quae_fw-la mille_fw-la est_fw-la passa_fw-la ruinas_fw-la mirum_fw-la quî_fw-la potuit_fw-la tot_fw-la superesse_fw-la
of_o scotland_n be_v contain_v in_o less_o bound_n be_v divide_v from_o england_n by_o the_o water_n of_o tweed_n to_o carhoom_n then_o by_o keddon-burn_a haddon-rigg_a black-down-hill_n morsla-hill_n battinbuss-hill_n to_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o river_n keal_n and_o ted_n after_o by_o kersop-burn_a liderwater_n esk_n to_o the_o tod-holls_a the_o marchdike_n to_o white-sack_n and_o solloway-frith_n on_o the_o west_n it_o have_v the_o irish-sea_n on_o the_o north_n the_o deucaledonian_n and_o on_o the_o east_n the_o german_a ocean_n on_o all_o which_o side_n border_v upon_o the_o sea_n it_o have_v several_a isle_n belong_v to_o it_o from_o the_o mule_n of_o galloway_n in_o the_o south_n to_o dungsbay-head_n in_o the_o east-point_n of_o cathness_n in_o the_o north_n it_o be_v about_o 250_o mile_n long_o and_o betwixt_o buchan-ness_a on_o the_o east_n sea_n and_o ardnamurchan-point_n on_o the_o west_n 150_o mile_n broad_a the_o most_o southerly_a part_n of_o it_o about_o whitern_n be_v 54_o degree_n 54_o min._n in_o latitude_n and_o in_o longitude_n 15_o degree_n 40_o min._n the_o northermost_a part_n the_o abovementioned_a dungsbay-head_n be_v 58_o degree_n 32_o some_o say_v 30._o min._n in_o latitude_n and_o 17_o degree_n 50_o minute_n in_o longitude_n the_o long_a day_n be_v about_o 18_o hour_n and_o two_o minute_n and_o the_o short_a night_n 5_o hour_n and_o 45_o minute_n temperate_a the_o air_n temperate_a it_o be_v not_o without_o reason_n that_o caesar_n say_v of_o britain_n coelum_fw-la gallico_n temperatius_fw-la for_o even_o in_o scotland_n the_o air_n be_v more_o mild_a and_o temperate_a than_o in_o the_o continent_n under_o the_o same_o climate_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o warm-vapour_n from_o the_o sea_n upon_o all_o side_n and_o the_o continual_a breeze_n of_o the_o wind_n from_o thence_o the_o heat_n in_o summer_n be_v no_o way_n scorch_v the_o constant_a wind_n purify_v the_o air_n and_o keep_v it_o always_o in_o motion_n so_o that_o it_o be_v seldom_o 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be_v frequent_o export_v by_o merchant_n to_o spain_n holland_n and_o norwey_n barley_n grow_v plentiful_o and_o their_o oat_n be_v extreme_a good_a afford_v bread_n of_o a_o clean_a and_o wholesome_a nourishment_n in_o the_o low-ground_n they_o have_v store_n of_o pease_n and_o bean_n which_o for_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o feed_n be_v much_o use_v by_o the_o labour_a people_n in_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o country_n which_o be_v not_o so_o fit_a for_o grain_n these_o grow_v great_a wood_n of_o timber_n to_o a_o vast_a bigness_n especial_o firr-tree_n which_o be_v find_v to_o thrive_v best_a in_o stony_a ground_n spring_n of_o mineral-water_n which_o the_o people_n find_v useful_a in_o several_a disease_n be_v common_a enough_o no_o country_n be_v better_a provide_v with_o fish_n beside_o flock_n of_o small_a whale_n the_o porpess_n and_o the_o meerswine_n frequent_o cast_v in_o great_a whale_n of_o the_o baleen_n or_o whale-bone_n kind_a and_o of_o the_o sperma_fw-la ceti_fw-la 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6._o and_o define_v in_o the_o 19_o article_n of_o the_o say_a confession_n to_o be_v that_o which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o write_a word_n of_o god_n for_o the_o promotion_n of_o learning_n they_o have_v four_o university_n st._n andrews_n glasgow_n aberdeen_n scoâ—land_n learnâ—â—â—_n in_o scoâ—land_n and_o edinburgh_n wherein_o be_v professor_n of_o most_o of_o the_o liberal_a art_n endow_v with_o competent_a salary_n the_o division_n of_o scotland_n all_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o island_n of_o britain_n be_v ancient_o inhabit_v by_o the_o pict_n who_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o nation_n the_o dicalidonii_n and_o vecturiones_n of_o who_o i_o have_v speak_v already_o out_o of_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n but_o when_o the_o scot_n have_v get_v possession_n of_o this_o tract_n it_o be_v share_v into_o seven_o part_n among_o seven_o prince_n as_o we_o have_v it_o in_o a_o little_a ancient_a book_n of_o the_o division_n of_o scotland_n in_o these_o word_n the_o first_o part_n contain_v enegus_fw-la and_o maern_n the_o second_o atheodl_n and_o goverin_n the_o three_o stradeern_a with_o meneted_a the_o four_o be_v forthever_o the_o five_o mar_n with_o buchen_n the_o six_o muref_n and_o ross_n the_o seven_o cathness_n which_o mound_n a_o mountain_n divide_v in_o the_o midst_n run_v along_o from_o the_o western_a to_o the_o eastern_a sea_n after_o that_o the_o same_o author_n report_v from_o the_o relation_n of_o andrew_n bishop_n of_o cathness_n that_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v divide_v likewise_o into_o seven_o territory_n the_o first_o from_o fryth_n so_o term_v by_o the_o britain_n by_o the_o roman_n worid_n now_o scottwade_v to_o the_o river_n tae_n the_o second_o from_o hilef_n as_o the_o sea_n surround_v it_o to_o a_o mountain_n in_o the_o north-east_n part_n of_o sterling_n name_v athran_n the_o three_o from_o hilef_n to_o dee_fw-mi the_o four_o from_o dee_n to_o the_o river_n spe._n the_o five_o from_o spe_fw-mi to_o the_o mountain_n brunalban_n the_o six_o mure_n and_o ross_z the_o seven_o the_o kingdom_n of_o argathel_n as_o it_o be_v the_o border_n of_o the_o scot_n who_o be_v so_o call_v from_o gathelgas_n their_o captain_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o andâ—â—_n 〈…〉_o and._n 〈…〉_o andâ—â—_n manner_n and_o way_n of_o live_v it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o high-land-man_n and_o low-land-man_n these_o be_v more_o civilise_a and_o use_v the_o language_n and_o habit_n of_o the_o english_a the_o other_o more_o rude_a and_o barbarous_a and_o use_v that_o of_o the_o irish_a as_o i_o have_v already_o mention_v and_o shall_v discourse_v hereafter_o out_o of_o this_o division_n i_o exclude_v the_o borderer_n â—â—â—derers_n â—â—â—derers_n because_o they_o by_o the_o bless_a and_o happy_a union_n enjoy_v the_o sunshine_n of_o peace_n on_o every_o side_n be_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o live_v in_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o the_o british_a empire_n and_o begin_v be_v sufficient_o tire_v with_o war_n to_o grow_v
between_o fife_n and_o strathern_n with_o old_a barbarous_a verse_n upon_o it_o and_o have_v a_o certain_a privilege_n of_o a_o sanctuary_n that_o any_o homicide_n ally_v to_o mac-duff_a earl_n of_o fife_n within_o the_o nine_o degree_n if_o he_o come_v to_o this_o cross_n and_o give_v nine_o cow_n with_o a_o colpindaâ—h_o a_o colpindaâ—h_o heifer_n he_o shall_v be_v acquit_v of_o the_o manslaughter_n when_o his_o posterity_n lose_v this_o title_n i_o can_v yet_o learn_v but_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o record_n of_o that_o kingdom_n that_o king_n david_n 2._o give_v this_o earldom_n to_o william_n ramsay_n with_o all_o and_o every_o the_o immunity_n and_o the_o law_n which_o be_v call_v clan_n mac-duff_a and_o it_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o undeniable_a that_o the_o family_n of_o weimes_n and_o douglas_n and_o that_o great_a clan_n clan-hatan_a who_o head_n be_v mac-intoskech_a descend_v from_o they_o i_o find_v also_o by_o the_o learned_a j._n skene_n clerk_n register_n of_o scotland_n in_o his_o signification_n of_o word_n that_o isabel_n daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o duncan_n earl_n of_o fife_n grant_v upon_o certain_a condition_n to_o robert_n king_n of_o scotland_n in_o trust_n for_o robert_n steward_n earl_n of_o menteith_z the_o earldom_n of_o fife_n who_o be_v afterward_o duke_n of_o albany_n and_o eager_o affect_v the_o crown_n put_v david_n the_o king_n be_v elder_a son_n to_o one_o of_o the_o most_o miserable_a death_n that_o of_o hunger_n but_o his_o son_n murdac_n suffer_v a_o punishment_n due_a to_o the_o wickedness_n both_o of_o his_o father_n and_o his_o own_o son_n be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o king_n james_n the_o first_o oppression_n first_o for_o their_o violent_a oppression_n when_o a_o decree_n pass_v that_o the_o earldom_n of_o fife_n shall_v for_o ever_o be_v unite_v to_o the_o crown_n but_o the_o authority_n of_o sheriff_n of_o fife_n belong_v by_o inheritance_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o rothes_n rothes_n earl_n of_o rothes_n 12._o rothes_n vid._n hect._n both_o lib._n 12._o c_o strathern_n â—â—â—attry_n â—â—â—â—hern_a â—â—â—attry_n as_o far_o as_o the_o river_n tay_n which_o bound_v fife_n on_o the_o north_n side_n julius_n agricola_n the_o best_a of_o all_o the_o propraetor_n of_o britain_n under_o domitian_n the_o worst_a of_o the_o emperor_n carry_v his_o victory_n in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o expedition_n have_v so_o far_o waste_v the_o kingdom_n into_o this_o aestuarie_n fall_v the_o note_a river_n ern_v 〈◊〉_d â—â—e_z river_n 〈◊〉_d which_o rise_v out_o of_o a_o logh_n of_o the_o same_o name_n bestow_v it_o on_o the_o country_n it_o run_v through_o for_o it_o be_v call_v straith-ern_a which_o in_o the_o ancient_a british_a signify_v a_o valley_n upon_o ern._n the_o bank_n of_o this_o ern_n be_v adorn_v with_o drimein-castle_n â—â—â—â—ein_fw-fr â—â—â—â—ein_fw-fr belong_v to_o the_o family_n of_o the_o baron_n of_o dromond_n â—â—â—mond_n â—â—â—â—ns_n â—â—â—mond_n who_o have_v rise_v to_o great_a honour_n since_o king_n robert_n steward_n the_o 3._o marry_v a_o wife_n out_o of_o this_o family_n for_o the_o woman_n of_o that_o family_n for_o charm_a beauty_n and_o complexion_n be_v beyond_o all_o other_o insomuch_o that_o they_o have_v be_v most_o delight_v in_o by_o the_o king_n â—â—â—â—râ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d of_o â—â—â—â—râ—â—_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o bank_n tulibardin-castle_n show_v itself_o aloft_o and_o that_o with_o more_o honour_n since_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o k._n james_n 6._o john_n murray_n baron_n of_o tulibardin_n be_v advance_v to_o the_o title_n and_o dignity_n of_o earl_n of_o tulibardin_n upon_o the_o other_o bank_n lower_z stand_v duplin-castle_n duplin_n duplin_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o baron_n oliphant_n oliphant_n baron_fw-fr oliphant_n and_o still_o remember_v how_o great_a a_o overthrow_n not_o to_o be_v equal_v in_o former_a age_n the_o english_a that_o come_v to_o assist_v king_n edward_n balliol_n give_v the_o scot_n there_o insomuch_o that_o the_o english_a writer_n of_o that_o time_n attribute_v the_o victory_n whole_o to_o god_n power_n and_o not_o to_o any_o valour_n of_o man_n and_o the_o scot_n report_n that_o there_o fall_v of_o the_o family_n of_o lindsay_n 80_o person_n and_o that_o the_o name_n of_o hays_n have_v be_v quite_o extinct_a have_v not_o the_o head_n of_o the_o family_n leave_v his_o wife_n big_a with_o child_n at_o home_n not_o far_o off_o stand_v innerm_v innerm_v lord_n of_o innerm_v well_o know_v for_o its_o lord_n the_o steward_n of_o the_o family_n of_o lorn_n 1200._o lorn_n inch-chafra_a i.e._n in_o the_o old_a scottish_a tongue_n the_o isle_n of_o mass_n hereby_o may_v be_v remember_v whenas_o it_o be_v a_o most_o famous_a abbey_n of_o the_o order_n of_o st._n augustin_n found_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o strathern_n about_o the_o year_n 1200._o but_o after_o the_o conflux_n of_o the_o ern_n and_o the_o tay_n by_o which_o the_o latter_a more_o expatiate_n itself_o he_o look_v up_o upon_o aberneth_n abernethy_n abernethy_n stand_v upon_o his_o bank_n ancient_o the_o royal_a seat_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o a_o populous_a city_n which_o as_o we_o read_v in_o a_o old_a fragment_n nectanus_n k._n of_o the_o pict_n give_v to_o god_n and_o s._n brigid_n until_o the_o day_n of_o judgement_n together_o with_o the_o bound_n thereof_o which_o lie_v from_o a_o stone_n in_o abertrent_n to_o a_o stone_n near_o carful_a that_o be_v loghfol_n and_o from_o thence_o as_o far_o as_o ethan_n but_o a_o long_a time_n after_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o douglass_n earl_n of_o angus_n who_o be_v call_v lord_n of_o aberneth_n and_o be_v some_o of_o they_o there_o inter_v the_o first_o earl_n of_o strathern_n strathern_n earl_n of_o strathern_n that_o i_o read_v of_o be_v etc._n be_v malisse_n who_o in_o the_o time_n of_o k._n henry_n 3._o of_o england_n marry_v one_o of_o the_o heir_n of_o robert_n muschamp_n a_o potent_a baron_n of_o england_n long_o afterward_o etc._n etc._n robert_n stewart_n in_o the_o year_n 1380._o then_o david_n a_o young_a son_n of_o k._n robert_n 2._o who_o only_a daughter_n be_v give_v in_o marriage_n to_o patrick_n graham_n be_v mother_n of_o mailise_n or_o melisse_n graham_n from_o who_o k._n james_n 1._o take_v the_o earldom_n after_o he_o have_v find_v by_o the_o record_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o it_o have_v be_v give_v to_o his_o paterno_fw-la his_o avo_fw-la paterno_fw-la mother_n grandfather_n and_o his_o heir_n male_n this_o territory_n as_o also_o menteith_n adjoin_v be_v under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o baron_n dromond_n hereditary_a steward_n of_o it_o menteith_z stewartry_n menteith_n stewartry_n as_o they_o say_v have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o river_n teith_n call_v also_o taich_n and_o thence_o in_o latin_a they_o name_v this_o little_a territory_n taichia_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o which_o lie_v the_o bishopric_n of_o dunblain_n dunblain_n dunblain_n erect_v by_o k._n david_n the_o first_o of_o that_o name_n kird-bird_n name_n see_v the_o addition_n kird-bird_n at_o kirkbird_n that_o be_v st._n brigid_n church_n the_o earl_n of_o menteith_n have_v their_o principal_a residence_n as_o also_o the_o earl_n of_o montross_n marquisate_n montross_n montross_n be_v now_o a_o marquisate_n of_o the_o same_o family_n not_o far_o off_o at_o kinkardin_a this_o menteith_n as_o i_o have_v hear_v reach_v to_o the_o mountain_n that_o enclose_v the_o east_n side_n of_o logh-lomond_a the_o ancient_a earl_n of_o menteith_n be_v of_o the_o family_n of_o cumen_n ancient_o the_o most_o numerous_a and_o potent_a in_o all_o scotland_n but_o ruin_v by_o its_o own_o greatness_n the_o late_a earl_n be_v of_o the_o house_n of_o graham_n menteâ—th_n earl_n of_o menteâ—th_n ever_o since_o mailise_v graham_n attain_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o earl_n do_v argathelia_n or_o argile_n beyond_o logh-lomond_n and_o the_o western_a part_n of_o lennox_n near_o dunbritton-forth_a argile_n lay_v out_o itself_o call_v in_o latin_a argathelia_n and_o arogadia_n common_o argile_n but_o more_o true_o argathel_n and_o ar-gwithil_a that_o be_v near_o to_o the_o irish_a or_o as_o some_o old_a record_n have_v it_o the_o brink_n or_o edge_n of_o ireland_n for_o it_o lie_v towards_o ireland_n who_o inhabitant_n the_o britain_n call_v gwithil_n and_o gaothel_n a_o country_n much_o run_v out_o in_o length_n and_o breadth_n all_o mangle_a with_o lake_n well_o stock_v with_o fish_n and_o rise_v in_o some_o place_n into_o mountain_n very_o commodious_a for_o feed_v of_o cattle_n wherein_o also_o wild_a cow_n and_o deer_n range_v up_o and_o down_o but_o along_o the_o coast_n what_o with_o rock_n and_o what_o with_o blackish_a barren_a mountain_n it_o make_v a_o horrid_a appearance_n in_o this_o tract_n as_o bede_n observe_v britain_n receive_v after_o the_o briton_n and_o pict_n a_o 3d_o nation_n the_o scot_n into_o the_o pict_n territory_n who_o come_v out_o of_o ireland_n with_o reuda_n their_o leader_n get_v either_o by_o force_n or_o friendship_n the_o habitation_n
which_o they_o still_o keep_v of_o which_o leader_n they_o be_v to_o this_o day_n call_v dalreudini_n dalreudini_fw-la dalreudini_fw-la for_o in_o their_o language_n dalinea_n dal._n dal._n signify_v a_o part_n and_o a_o little_a after_o ireland_n say_v he_o be_v the_o proper_a country_n of_o the_o scot_n for_o be_v depart_v out_o of_o it_o they_o add_v unto_o the_o briton_n and_o pict_n a_o 3d_o nation_n in_o britain_n and_o there_o be_v a_o very_a good_a arm_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o a_o bay_n that_o ancient_o divide_v the_o nation_n of_o the_o briton_n from_o the_o pict_n which_o from_o the_o west_n break_v a_o great_a way_n into_o the_o land_n and_o there_o to_o this_o day_n stand_v the_o strong_a city_n of_o the_o briton_n call_v alcluith_n in_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o which_o bay_n the_o scot_n who_o i_o now_o mention_v when_o they_o come_v get_v themselves_o room_n to_o settle_v in_o of_o that_o name_n dalreudin_n there_o be_v now_o extant_a not_o remain_v that_o i_o know_v of_o nor_o any_o mention_n of_o it_o in_o writer_n unless_o it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o dalrieta_n dalrieâ—â—_n dalrieâ—â—_n for_o in_o a_o old_a little_a book_n of_o the_o division_n of_o albany_n we_o read_v of_o one_o kinnadius_n who_o it_o be_v certain_a be_v a_o king_n of_o scotland_n and_o subdue_v the_o pict_n in_o these_o very_a word_n kinnadius_n two_o year_n before_o he_o come_v into_o pictavia_n so_o it_o call_v the_o country_n of_o the_o pict_n enter_v upon_o the_o government_n of_o dalrieta_n also_o there_o be_v mention_v make_v in_o a_o more_o modern_a history_n of_o dalrea_n dalrea_n dalrea_n hereabout_o where_o king_n robert_n brus_n fight_v a_o battle_n with_o ill_a success_n k._n james_n the_o 4._o with_o consent_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n enact_v that_o justice_n shall_v be_v administer_v to_o this_o province_n by_o the_o justice_n itinerant_a at_o perth_n whensoever_o the_o king_n shall_v think_v convenient_a but_o the_o earl_n themselves_o have_v in_o some_o case_n their_o jura_n regalia_z who_o be_v person_n of_o very_a great_a authority_n and_o of_o a_o mighty_a interest_n derive_v their_o pedigree_n from_o the_o ancient_a petty_a king_n of_o argile_n through_o a_o infinite_a series_n of_o ancestor_n and_o take_v their_o surname_n from_o their_o castle_n cambel_n but_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o king_n james_n the_o 2._o for_o the_o honour_n and_o title_n of_o earl_n who_o as_o it_o be_v record_v create_v colin_n lord_n cambel_n earl_n of_o argile_n argile_n earl_n oâ—_n argile_n in_o regard_n to_o his_o own_o virtue_n and_o the_o dignity_n of_o his_o family_n who_o posterity_n by_o the_o favour_n of_o their_o king_n have_v be_v a_o good_a while_n general_n justice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n or_o according_a to_o their_o way_n of_o express_v it_o justices_z general_o constitute_v and_o great_a master_n of_o the_o king_n household_n e_fw-la cantire_fw-la logh-finn_n logh-finn_n logh-finn_n a_o lake_n that_o in_o the_o season_n produce_v incredible_a shoal_n of_o herring_n divide_v argile_n from_o a_o promontory_n which_o for_o about_o 30_o mile_n together_o grow_v by_o little_a and_o little_a into_o a_o sharp_a point_n thrust_v itself_o with_o such_o a_o seem_a earnestness_n towards_o ireland_n separate_v from_o it_o by_o a_o narrow_a straight_o of_o scarce_o 13_o mile_n as_o if_o it_o will_v call_v it_o over_o to_o it_o ptolemy_n name_v this_o the_o promontory_n of_o the_o epidii_n epidium_n epidium_n between_o which_o name_n and_o the_o island_n ebudae_fw-la opposite_a to_o it_o methinks_v there_o be_v some_o affinity_n it_o be_v now_o call_v in_o irish_a which_o language_n they_o use_v in_o all_o this_o tract_n cantyre_a that_o be_v the_o land_n head_n it_o be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o family_n of_o mac-conell_a very_o powerful_a here_o but_o yet_o at_o the_o command_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o argile_n they_o sometime_o in_o their_o vessel_n make_v excursion_n for_o booty_n into_o ireland_n and_o have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o those_o little_a province_n they_o call_v glines_n and_o rout_n this_o promontory_n lie_v close_o to_o knapdale_n by_o so_o small_a a_o neck_n of_o land_n be_v scarce_o a_o mile_n over_o and_o sandy_a too_o that_o the_o seaman_n by_o a_o short_a cut_n as_o it_o be_v transport_v their_o vessel_n over_o land_n from_o the_o ocean_n to_o logh-finn_n which_o a_o man_n will_v soon_o beelieve_v than_o that_o the_o argonaut_n lay_v their_o argos_n upon_o their_o shoulder_n and_o carry_v it_o along_o with_o they_o 500_o mile_n thessalia_n mile_n from_o aemonia_n to_o the_o shore_n of_o thessalia_n f_o lorn_n somewhat_o high_a lie_v lorn_n towards_o the_o north_n a_o country_n produce_v the_o best_a barley_n divide_v by_o logh-leave_a a_o vast_a lake_n upon_o which_o stand_v berogomum_n beâ—ogoâ—um_fw-la beâ—ogoâ—um_fw-la a_o castle_n wherein_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v ancient_o keep_v and_o not_o far_o from_o it_o dunstafag_v that_o be_v stephen_n mount_n ancient_o a_o seat_n of_o the_o king_n above_o which_o be_v logh-aber_n â—â—gh-â—â—â—r_a â—â—gh-â—â—â—r_a a_o lake_n insinuate_v itself_o so_o far_o into_o the_o land_n out_o of_o the_o western_a sea_n that_o it_o will_v meet_v the_o lake_n of_o ness_n which_o empty_v itself_o into_o the_o eastern_a ocean_n do_v not_o the_o hill_n which_o lie_v between_o separate_z they_o by_o a_o very_a narrow_a neck_n the_o chief_a place_n in_o this_o tract_n be_v tarbar_n in_o logh-kinkeran_a where_o k._n james_n 4._o by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n constitute_v a_o justice_n and_o sheriff_n to_o administer_v justice_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o southern_a isle_n these_o country_n and_o these_o beyond_o they_o be_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 605._o hold_v by_o those_o pict_n which_o bede_n call_v the_o northern_a pict_n where_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o in_o the_o say_a year_n columbanus_n a_o priest_n and_o abbot_n 4._o lib._n 3._o ca._n 4._o famous_a for_o the_o profession_n of_o monkery_n come_v out_o of_o ireland_n into_o britain_n to_o instruct_v those_o in_o the_o christian_a religion_n that_o by_o the_o high_a and_o fearful_a ridge_n of_o mountain_n be_v sequester_v from_o the_o southern_a country_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o that_o they_o in_o requital_n grant_v he_o orkney-isle_n he_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o the_o western-isle_n belong_v to_o the_o pict_n at_o that_o time_n so_o that_o they_o can_v not_o dispose_v of_o any_o part_n of_o they_o it_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o it_o be_v hoia_n one_o of_o the_o orkney-isle_n the_o island_n hii_n lie_v over_o against_o they_o now_o call_v i-comb-kill_a of_o which_o in_o its_o proper_a place_n its_o steward_n in_o the_o last_o age_n be_v the_o lord_n of_o lorn_n but_o now_o by_o a_o female_a heir_n it_o be_v come_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o argile_n who_o always_o use_v this_o among_o their_o other_o title_n of_o honour_n braid_v albin_n more_o inward_o among_o the_o high_a and_o craggy_a ridge_n of_o the_o mountain_n grampius_n where_o they_o begin_v a_o little_a to_o slope_v and_o settle_v downward_o lie_v braid-albin_n campbel_n braid-albin_n now_o a_o earldom_n in_o the_o family_n of_o the_o campbel_n that_o be_v the_o high_a part_n of_o scotland_n for_o they_o that_o be_v the_o true_a and_o genuine_a scot_n call_v scotland_n in_o their_o mother-tongue_n albin_n as_o that_o part_n where_o it_o rise_v up_o high_a drum-albin_n that_o be_v the_o ridge_n of_o scotland_n but_o in_o a_o certain_a old_a book_n it_o be_v read_v brun-albin_n where_o we_o find_v it_o thus_o write_v fergus_n the_o son_n of_o eric_n be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o seed_n of_o chonare_fw-la that_o enter_v upon_o the_o kingdom_n of_o albany_n from_o brun-albain_a to_o the_o irish-sea_n and_o inchgall_n and_o after_o he_o the_o king_n of_o the_o race_n of_o fergus_n reign_v in_o brun-albain_a or_o brunhere_o unto_o alpinus_n the_o son_n of_o eochal_n but_o this_o albany_n be_v better_a know_v for_o its_o duke_n than_o the_o fruit_n of_o its_o ground_n the_o first_o duke_n of_o albany_n that_o i_o read_v of_o â—â—â—â—ny_n 〈◊〉_d of_o â—â—â—â—ny_n be_v robert_n earl_n of_o fife_n advance_v to_o that_o honour_n by_o his_o brother_n k._n robert_n the_o 3._o of_o that_o name_n yet_o he_o spur_v on_o by_o ambition_n most_o ungrateful_o starve_v to_o death_n david_n this_o very_a brother_n son_n and_o next_o heir_n to_o the_o crown_n but_o the_o punishment_n due_a to_o this_o wicked_a fact_n which_o himself_o by_o the_o forbearance_n of_o god_n feel_v not_o come_v heavy_a upon_o his_o son_n mordac_n or_o murdo_n second_v duke_n of_o albany_n who_o be_v condemn_v for_o treason_n and_o behead_v after_o he_o have_v see_v his_o two_o son_n execute_v in_o like_a manner_n the_o day_n before_o the_o three_o duke_n of_o albany_n be_v alexander_n 2._o son_n of_o king_n james_n 2._o who_o being_n regent_n of_o the_o kingdom_n earl_n of_o
son_n renown_v in_o fight_n and_o rove_a savage_n a_o hideous_a sight_n on_o barren_a cliff_n their_o horn_a troop_n appear_v and_o with_o unequal_a step_n pursue_v the_o tremble_a deer_n these_o i_o present_v and_o lake_n the_o first_o in_o fame_n for_o choice_a fish_n and_o fen_n of_o fly_a game_n and_o mine_n of_o tin_n and_o vein_n of_o silver_n over_o which_o mother_n earth_n unlock_v all_o her_o store_n from_o her_o deep_a bosom_n yield_v as_o if_o she_o will_v show_v a_o near_a passage_n to_o the_o shade_n below_o and_o wonder_v ghost_n expose_v to_o mortal_a view_n if_o what_o irish_a author_n relate_v may_v be_v credit_v ogygia_n why_o call_v ogygia_n this_o island_n be_v not_o without_o good_a reason_n call_v ogygia_n or_o veryancient_a by_o plutarch_n for_o they_o begin_v their_o history_n from_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o antiquity_n so_o that_o the_o original_n of_o other_o nation_n be_v but_o novelty_n in_o respect_n of_o they_o and_o they_o themselves_o but_o infant_n they_o tell_v we_o that_o caesarea_n a_o certain_a granddaughter_n of_o noah_n inhabit_v this_o island_n before_o the_o deluge_n that_o 300_o year_n after_o the_o flood_n bartholanus_n a_o scythian_a arrive_v here_o and_o have_v great_a conflict_n with_o the_o giant_n that_o long_o after_o this_o nemetha_n the_o scythian_a come_v hither_o and_o that_o he_o be_v soon_o drive_v out_o by_o the_o giant_n that_o afterward_o dela_n with_o some_o greek_n possess_v himself_o of_o the_o island_n and_o than_o gaothelus_n with_o his_o wife_n scota_n the_o daughter_n of_o pharaoh_n king_n of_o egypt_n come_v hither_o that_o the_o country_n take_v the_o name_n scotia_n from_o she_o and_o the_o language_n that_o of_o 7._o of_o the_o polychronicon_n lib._n 1._o c._n 33._o tell_v we_o that_o gaithelus_n make_v the_o irish_a tongue_n which_o be_v call_v gaithlaf_n as_o be_v a_o collection_n out_o of_o all_o tongue_n vide_fw-la girald_n topogr_n do_v 3._o cap._n 7._o gaothela_n from_o he_o and_o that_o all_o this_o be_v about_o the_o time_n when_o the_o israelite_n depart_v out_o of_o egypt_n some_o few_o year_n after_o hiberus_n and_o hermion_n call_v ever_o and_o erimon_n by_o the_o irish_a writer_n the_o son_n of_o milesius_n king_n of_o spain_n plant_v their_o colony_n in_o this_o country_n unpeople_v by_o a_o pestilence_n at_o that_o time_n by_o the_o permission_n of_o gerguntius_n king_n of_o the_o britain_n as_o the_o british_a history_n inform_v we_o i_o shall_v neither_o meddle_v with_o the_o truth_n nor_o falsity_n of_o these_o relation_n antiquity_n must_v be_v allow_v some_o liberty_n in_o such_o thing_n however_o britain_n ireland_n first_o inhabit_v by_o the_o britain_n as_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o this_o island_n be_v â—_o be_v of_o the_o original_n of_o the_o irish_a and_o their_o language_n whether_o it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o british_a see_v ware_n be_v antiquitat_fw-la britan._n p._n â—_o ancient_o inhabit_v as_o soon_o as_o mankind_n begin_v to_o multiply_v and_o disperse_v in_o the_o world_n so_o it_o be_v very_o plain_a that_o its_o first_o inhabitant_n come_v from_o britain_n for_o not_o to_o mention_v the_o many_o british_a word_n to_o be_v meet_v with_o in_o the_o irish_a tongue_n and_o the_o ancient_a name_n which_o show_v themselves_o to_o be_v of_o british_a extraction_n the_o nature_n and_o manner_n of_o that_o people_n as_o tacitus_n say_v differ_v not_o much_o from_o the_o britain_n it_o be_v call_v by_o all_o the_o ancient_a writer_n the_o british_a island_n diodorus_n siculus_n make_v irin_fw-mi a_o part_n of_o britain_n ptolemy_n call_v it_o britannia_n parva_n parva_n britannia_fw-la parva_n as_o one_o may_v see_v by_o compare_v his_o geography_n with_o his_o magna_fw-la constructio_fw-la and_o strabo_n in_o his_o epitome_n call_v the_o inhabitant_n express_o britain_n thus_o likewise_o the_o island_n itself_o be_v call_v a_o island_n of_o the_o britain_n by_o the_o ancient_a geographer_n festus_n avienus_n show_v as_o much_o also_o from_o dionysius_n where_o he_o treat_v of_o the_o british_a island_n eminus_fw-la hic_fw-la aliae_fw-la gelidi_fw-la prope_fw-la flabra_fw-la aquilonis_fw-la exuperant_fw-la undas_fw-la &_o vasta_fw-la cacumina_fw-la tollunt_fw-la hae_fw-la numero_fw-la geminae_fw-la pingues_fw-la sola_fw-la cespitis_fw-la ampli_v conditur_fw-la occidui_fw-la quà _fw-la rheni_n gurgitis_fw-la unda_fw-la dira_fw-la britannorum_fw-la sustentant_fw-la agmina_fw-la terris_fw-la two_o other_o that_o the_o north_n cold_a stream_n divide_v lift_v their_o proud_a cliff_n above_o the_o unequal_a tide_n wide_o be_v their_o field_n their_o corn_n and_o pasture_n good_a where_o western_a rhine_n roll_v on_o his_o hasty_a flood_n and_o furious_a britain_n make_v their_o wild_a abode_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o country_n from_o which_o by_o reason_n of_o vicinity_n people_n can_v more_o easy_o be_v transport_v into_o ireland_n than_o from_o our_o britain_n for_o from_o hence_o the_o voyage_n be_v as_o short_a and_o easy_a as_o from_o france_n to_o britain_n but_o afterward_o when_o the_o roman_n have_v establish_v a_o universal_a empire_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v question_v but_o that_o many_o out_o of_o spain_n gaul_n and_o britain_n retire_v hither_o as_o secure_v from_o the_o plague_n and_o grievance_n of_o the_o roman_a tyranny_n for_o my_o part_n i_o can_v understand_v those_o word_n of_o tacitus_n but_o with_o relation_n to_o this_o very_a thing_n ireland_n situate_v exact_o between_o spain_n and_o britain_n lie_v very_o convenient_a for_o the_o french-sea_n and_o will_v unite_v the_o strong_a member_n of_o the_o empire_n with_o great_a advantage_n its_o port_n and_o haven_n be_v better_o know_v than_o those_o of_o britain_n by_o reason_n of_o resort_n and_o traffic_v for_o though_o julius_n agricola_n entertain_v a_o petty_a prince_n of_o ireland_n who_o be_v force_v from_o thence_o by_o his_o rebel-subject_n that_o he_o may_v the_o more_o advantageous_o invade_v that_o island_n which_o he_o think_v can_v be_v conquer_v and_o keep_v in_o subjection_n with_o one_o legion_n and_o some_o few_o auxiliary_n and_o say_v moreover_o that_o it_o will_v prove_v a_o mighty_a support_n to_o the_o roman_a interest_n in_o britain_n if_o the_o roman_a arm_n be_v on_o all_o hand_n of_o it_o and_o liberty_n banish_v as_o it_o be_v out_o of_o sight_n yet_o we_o do_v not_o find_v that_o the_o roman_n make_v any_o attempt_n upon_o it_o some_o indeed_o think_v they_o do_v and_o endeavour_v to_o strain_v this_o inference_n from_o that_o of_o juvenal_n arma_fw-la quid_fw-la ultra_fw-la littora_fw-la juvernae_fw-la promovimus_fw-la &_o modò_fw-la captas_fw-la orcadas_n &_o minima_fw-la contentos_fw-la nocte_fw-la britannos_fw-la what_o though_o the_o orcades_n have_v own_a our_o power_n what_o tho_o juverna_n tame_a and_o britain_n shore_n that_o boast_v the_o short_a night_n that_o panegyric_n speak_v to_o constantine_n the_o emperor_n seem_v also_o to_o intimate_v as_o if_o ireland_n be_v subject_a to_o he_o the_o word_n be_v britain_n be_v so_o recover_v that_o even_o those_o nation_n which_o lie_v along_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o same_o island_n be_v become_v obedient_a to_o your_o command_n we_o be_v likewise_o inform_v by_o late_a chronicle_n that_o ireland_n together_o with_o britain_n and_o thule_n fall_v to_o constantine_n share_n the_o son_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a at_o the_o division_n of_o the_o empire_n nay_o that_o silly_a story_n of_o caesarea_n caesarea_n caesarea_n noah_n grandchild_n have_v so_o much_o of_o caesar_n in_o it_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o intimate_v the_o arrival_n of_o some_o caesar_n or_o other_o in_o ireland_n however_o i_o can_v never_o imagine_v that_o this_o island_n be_v conquer_v by_o the_o roman_n without_o question_v it_o have_v be_v well_o for_o it_o if_o it_o have_v and_o may_v have_v civilise_a they_o for_o wheresoever_o the_o roman_n be_v lord_n and_o master_n they_o introduce_v humanity_n among_o the_o conquer_a and_o except_o where_o they_o rule_v there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o humanity_n learning_n or_o neatness_n in_o any_o part_n of_o europe_n their_o neglect_n of_o this_o island_n may_v be_v charge_v upon_o they_o as_o inconsiderateness_n for_o from_o this_o quarter_n britain_n be_v spoil_v and_o infest_a with_o most_o cruel_a enemy_n which_o seem_v foresee_v by_o augustus_n when_o he_o neglect_v britain_n for_o fear_n of_o the_o danger_n that_o threaten_v he_o from_o the_o adjacent_a nation_n towards_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n a_o nation_n of_o the_o scot_n or_o scythian_n for_o former_o as_o strabo_n write_v all_o westward_o be_v term_v celto-scythae_a grow_v potent_a in_o ireland_n and_o make_v a_o great_a figure_n in_o the_o world_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o honorius_n and_o arcadius_n the_o emperor_n it_o be_v inhabit_v by_o nation_n of_o the_o scot_n as_o orosius_n write_v hence_o claudian_n his_o cotemporary_a scotorum_fw-la cumulos_fw-la flevit_fw-la glacialis_fw-la jerne_n over_o heap_n of_o scot_n when_o icy_a ireland_n mourn_v and_o in_o
here_o yet_o will_v i_o note_v thus_o much_o which_o i_o have_v since_o happen_v upon_o in_o the_o record_n when_o as_o king_n richard_n aforesaid_a have_v advance_v that_o robert_n vere_n earl_n of_o oxford_n to_o be_v marquis_n of_o dublin_n and_o have_v give_v to_o he_o the_o seignory_n of_o iâ—eland_n during_o his_o life_n 1._o pr._n pat_o a_o 9_o ric._n 2._o m._n 1._o he_o desirous_a to_o augment_v his_o honour_n by_o more_o ennoblish_v he_o with_o honourable_a arm_n grant_v also_o that_o as_o long_o as_o he_o shall_v live_v and_o hold_v the_o say_a seignory_n he_o shall_v bear_v these_o arm_n azure_a 3_o crown_n or_o in_o a_o border_n in_o his_o standard_n pennon_n coat-armor_n and_o other_o thing_n werein_o arm_n be_v to_o be_v show_v in_o all_o marshal_n matter_n and_o elsewhere_o at_o his_o pleasure_n but_o this_o grant_n be_v soon_o after_o recall_v and_o those_o arm_n abolish_v where_o the_o river_n liffy_n run_v into_o the_o sea_n stand_v houth_n almost_o encompass_v by_o the_o salt_n water_n â—aâ—reâ—ce_n baroâ—â—_n hoâ—â—_n s._n â—aâ—reâ—ce_n which_o give_v the_o title_n of_o baron_n to_o the_o noble_a family_n of_o s._n lâ—urence_n who_o have_v live_v there_o so_o happy_a that_o in_o a_o long_a series_n of_o successor_n for_o they_o derive_v their_o pedigree_n as_o low_a as_o henry_n the_o seventh_n time_n no_o one_o of_o they_o as_o it_o be_v say_v have_v ever_o be_v attaint_v of_o treason_n or_o leave_v in_o minority_n a_o little_a distance_n from_o hence_o be_v malchid_n maâ—châ—â—_n maâ—châ—â—_n eminent_a for_o its_o lord_n the_o talbot_n a_o english_a family_n more_o to_o the_o north_n inward_a stands_z b_o fingall_n fâ—ngaâ—_n fâ—ngaâ—_n which_o be_v a_o irish_a word_n and_o signify_v a_o nation_n of_o foreigner_n for_o they_o call_v the_o english_a gall_n i.e._n stranger_n and_o saissâ—nes_n as_o it_o be_v saxon_n a_o small_a territory_n well_o cultivate_v and_o the_o granary_n in_o a_o manner_n of_o this_o kingdom_n it_o yield_v such_o plentiful_a crop_n of_o corn_n every_o year_n here_o the_o earth_n strive_v as_o it_o be_v to_o be_v grateful_a to_o the_o husbandman_n which_o in_o other_o part_n of_o this_o island_n be_v so_o neglect_v that_o for_o want_v of_o tillage_n it_o seem_v to_o reproach_v the_o sloth_n and_o idleness_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n here_o be_v scatter_v up_o and_o down_o this_o country_n many_o eminent_a family_n of_o the_o english_a beside_o those_o but_o now_o mention_v the_o plunket_n the_o barnwells_n the_o russâ—lls_n the_o talbot_n dillon_n nettervills_n holywoods_n lutterel_n burnell_n fitz-williams_n golding_n usher_n cadley_n finglase_n sarfeld_n blackney_n cruces_fw-la bath_n etc._n etc._n thus_o much_o as_o brief_o as_o i_o can_v of_o leinster_n which_o former_o go_v no_o far_o i_o can_v tell_v whether_o it_o will_v best_o deserve_v laughter_n or_o pen_n that_o thomas_n stukely_n stuâ—â—â—_n thomâ—â—_n stuâ—â—â—_n when_o he_o have_v lose_v his_o reputation_n and_o fortune_n both_o in_o england_n and_o ireland_n and_o escape_v the_o danger_n of_o the_o law_n by_o his_o fair_a promise_n and_o ostentation_n insinuate_v himself_o so_o much_o into_o the_o favour_n of_o pope_n gregory_n the_o thirteen_o that_o he_o confer_v upon_o he_o the_o title_n of_o marquis_n of_o leinster_n earl_n of_o weisford_n and_o caterlagh_n viscount_n of_o murrough_n and_o baron_n of_o ross_n and_o ydron_n thus_o big_a with_o the_o vanity_n of_o these_o title_n intend_v to_o invade_v ireland_n he_o turn_v into_o africa_n and_o along_o with_o three_o king_n that_o be_v slay_v in_o one_o battle_n end_v the_o scene_n of_o his_o life_n honourable_o enough_o dublin_n enough_o this_o be_v a_o barony_n in_o the_o county_n of_o dublin_n meth_n the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o country_n of_o the_o eblani_n be_v former_o a_o kingdom_n and_o the_o five_o part_n of_o ireland_n call_v in_o irish_a mijh_o in_o english_a methe_n by_o giraldus_n midia_n and_o media_n because_o perhaps_o it_o lay_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o island_n for_o they_o say_v that_o killair_n a_o castle_n in_o these_o part_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v that_o call_v by_o ptolemy_n laberus_n labeâ—us_fw-la labeâ—us_fw-la as_o the_o name_n itself_o intimate_v be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o navel_n of_o ireland_n for_o lair_n in_o irish_a signify_v a_o navel_n longford_n navel_n this_o description_n of_o meath_z comprehend_v also_o westmeath_a and_o longford_n this_o meth_n lie_v extend_v from_o the_o irish_a sea_n as_o far_o as_o the_o river_n shanon_n the_o soil_n of_o which_o as_o barthol_n anglicus_n tell_v we_o yield_v good_a corn_n and_o make_v good_a pasture_n which_o be_v well_o stock_v with_o cattle_n the_o county_n be_v also_o well_o furnish_v with_o fish_n and_o flesh_n and_o other_o victual_n as_o butter_n cheese_n and_o milk_n and_o well_o water_v with_o river_n the_o situation_n be_v pleasant_a and_o the_o air_n wholesome_a by_o reason_n of_o wood_n and_o marsh_n in_o the_o border_n of_o it_o the_o entrance_n or_o access_n be_v difficult_a so_o that_o for_o the_o great_a number_n of_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o strength_n of_o its_o town_n and_o castle_n it_o be_v common_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o peace_n it_o enjoy_v call_v the_o chamber_n of_o ireland_n within_o the_o memory_n of_o our_o father_n when_o the_o country_n be_v too_o large_a to_o be_v govern_v by_o one_o sheriff_n for_o the_o more_o easy_a administration_n of_o justice_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o 38th_o of_o hen._n 8._o the_o county_n of_o meth_n and_o the_o county_n of_o west_n meth._n the_o county_n of_o meth_n the_o county_n of_o meth_n on_o the_o south_n bound_n upon_o the_o county_n of_o kildare_n on_o the_o east_n upon_o the_o county_n of_o dublin_n and_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o north_n upon_o the_o territory_n of_o louth_n and_o on_o the_o west_n upon_o the_o county_n of_o west-meth_a the_o whole_a be_v subdivide_v into_o 18_o barony_n dueleke_n scrine_n slay_v margallen_v navan_n kenles_a the_o moiety_n of_o the_o barony_n of_o four_o near_o kenles_a killalou_n demore_n clove_n moylagh_n loghern_n oldcastle_n luyn_n moyfeuraraghe_n deese_n rathtouth_n and_o dunboyn_v the_o boyn_n boâ—n_n r._n boâ—n_n in_o ptolemy_n buvinda_n in_o giraldus_n boandus_fw-la a_o noble_a river_n rise_v in_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o king_n county_n run_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o shire_n in_o the_o hither_o part_n on_o this_o side_n the_o boyn_n the_o place_n memorable_a be_v galtrim_n â—â—â—trim_n â—â—â—trim_n where_o the_o family_n of_o the_o husey_n have_v long_o dwell_v â—â—in_n â—â—in_n killin-castle_n build_v by_o hugh_n lacie_n keeper_n of_o ireland_n in_o henry_n the_o second_o be_v time_n and_o dunsany_n â—â—â—sany_n â—â—â—sany_n which_o have_v its_o baron_n of_o parliament_n eminent_a for_o their_o ancient_a and_o noble_a family_n descend_v from_o the_o plonket_n other_o derive_v they_o from_o the_o dane_n but_o their_o arm_n be_v the_o same_o only_o in_o different_a colour_n with_o allan_n plonket_n of_o kilpeck_n in_o england_n â—â—â—kett_n â—â—â—kett_n who_o be_v also_o a_o baron_n in_o edward_n the_o first_o be_v time_o these_o plonket_n in_o ireland_n have_v be_v eminent_a ever_o since_o christopher_n since_o sir_n christopher_n christopher_n plonket_n a_o man_n of_o great_a wisdom_n and_o gallantry_n who_o be_v deputy_n as_o they_o call_v it_o to_o richard_n duke_n of_o york_n viceroy_n in_o henry_n the_o sixth_n time_n enjoy_v the_o barony_n of_o killin_n which_o fall_v to_o he_o by_o his_o wife_n as_o heir_n to_o the_o family_n of_o the_o cusake_v and_o his_o second_o son_n have_v the_o title_n of_o baron_n of_o dunsany_n â—â—â—sany_n â—â—â—â—n_a â—â—â—sany_n confer_v upon_o he_o for_o his_o great_a worth_n and_o virtue_n beyond_o the_o boyn_n â—ramletâ—â—â—â—n_n 〈◊〉_d â—ramletâ—â—â—â—n_n stand_v trimletstoun_n which_o be_v a_o barony_n belong_v to_o one_o of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o barnwells_n unwell_n 〈◊〉_d unwell_n for_o barnwell_n for_o sir_n robert_n barnwell_n john_n barnwell_n be_v make_v a_o baron_n of_o parliament_n by_o edward_n the_o four_o then_o gormanston_n which_o have_v its_o viscount_n permansion_n â—â—counts_v permansion_n man_n of_o great_a worth_n descend_v from_o the_o preston_n of_o lancashire_n as_o it_o be_v think_v and_o slay_v â—oâ—_n â—â—ons_n â—oâ—_n which_o have_v also_o its_o baron_n of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o fleming_n and_o athboy_n and_o the_o name_n be_v athboy_n abâ—y_o a_o populous_a market-town_n upon_o the_o boyn_n after_o it_o have_v pass_v glan-iores_a i.e._n the_o land_n of_o the_o son_n of_o george_n who_o be_v of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o birminghams_n who_o heir_n by_o marriage_n bring_v a_o fair_a inheritance_n with_o the_o castle_n of_o carbray_n carbray_n carbray_n to_o the_o preston_n it_o arrive_v at_o trim_a trim._n trim._n a_o eminent_a market-town_n where_o william_n pepard_v build_v a_o castle_n this_o be_v a_o ancient_a barony_n of_o the_o lacy_n which_o afterward_o become_v one_o of_o
any_o expense_n or_o writing_n by_o certain_a judge_n who_o they_o choose_v among_o themselves_o and_o call_v deemster_n deemster_n deemster_n for_o the_o magistrate_n take_v up_o a_o stone_n and_o after_o he_o have_v mark_v it_o give_v it_o to_o the_o plaintiff_n by_o virtue_n whereof_o he_o summon_v in_o his_o witness_n and_o the_o defendant_n if_o the_o case_n be_v difficult_a and_o of_o great_a consequence_n it_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o hear_n of_o twelve_o man_n who_o they_o call_v the_o key_n of_o the_o island_n annos_fw-la key_n of_o the_o island_n annos_fw-la they_o have_v also_o certain_a coroner_n these_o they_o call_v annos_fw-la who_o be_v instead_o of_o sheriff_n and_o execute_v their_o office_n as_o for_o the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n he_o hear_v and_o determine_v all_o cause_n within_o eight_o day_n from_o the_o citation_n and_o the_o party_n must_v either_o stand_v to_o his_o sentence_n or_o go_v to_o gaol_n as_o their_o language_n be_v peculiar_a so_o likewise_o be_v their_o law_n and_o money_n as_o i_o have_v hear_v which_o be_v both_o sign_n of_o a_o distinct_a sovereignty_n the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n in_o force_n here_o next_o after_o the_o canon_n law_n come_v near_o to_o the_o civil_a neither_o the_o judge_n nor_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o court_n have_v any_o fee_n either_o for_o the_o process_n or_o instrument_n as_o for_o those_o mischievous_a effect_n of_o witchcraft_n of_o which_o english_a writer_n tell_v we_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o it_o the_o rich_a sort_n and_o those_o that_o have_v estate_n imitate_v the_o gentry_n of_o lancashire_n in_o splendid_a live_n and_o integrity_n the_o woman_n never_o stir_v abroad_o but_o with_o their_o wind_a sheet_n about_o they_o to_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o mortality_n if_o a_o woman_n be_v try_v and_o receive_v sentence_n of_o death_n she_o be_v sow_v up_o in_o a_o sack_n and_o throw_v from_o a_o rock_n into_o the_o sea_n steal_v and_o beg_v from_o door_n to_o door_n be_v universal_o detest_v the_o people_n be_v wonderful_a religious_a and_o all_o of_o they_o zealous_o conformable_a to_o the_o church_n of_o england_n they_o be_v likewise_o great_a enemy_n to_o the_o disorder_n as_o well_o civil_a as_o ecclesiastical_a of_o their_o neighbour_n country_n and_o whereas_o the_o whole_a isle_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n south_n and_o north_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o speak_v like_o the_o scot_n and_o those_o of_o the_o other_o like_o the_o irish_a if_o i_o shall_v here_o subjoin_v a_o short_a history_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o this_o island_n it_o will_v be_v worth_a my_o while_n and_o truth_n itself_o seem_v to_o challenge_v it_o that_o hereby_o i_o may_v preserve_v the_o memory_n of_o such_o action_n as_o be_v if_o not_o already_o bury_v in_o oblivion_n yet_o next_o door_n to_o it_o that_o this_o island_n as_o well_o as_o britain_n be_v possess_v by_o the_o britain_n be_v grant_v on_o all_o side_n but_o when_o the_o northern_a nation_n break_v in_o like_o a_o violent_a tempest_n upon_o these_o southern_a part_n it_o become_v subject_a to_o the_o scot_n in_o the_o time_n of_o honorius_n and_o arcadius_n orosius_n say_v that_o it_o be_v as_o much_o inhabit_v by_o the_o scot_n as_o ireland_n be_v build_v be_v by_o other_o build_v and_o ninius_n tell_v we_o of_o one_o binle_n a_o certain_a scot_n that_o hold_v it_o yet_o the_o same_o author_n observe_v that_o they_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o britain_n and_o the_o isle_n belong_v to_o it_o by_o cuneda_n the_o grandfather_n of_o maglocunas_n who_o from_o the_o cruel_a ravages_n he_o make_v in_o this_o island_n be_v call_v the_o dragon_n of_o the_o isle_n by_o gildas_n afterward_o this_o island_n and_o likewise_o anglesey_n aforesaid_a be_v subject_v to_o the_o english_a monarchy_n by_o edwin_n king_n of_o the_o northumbrian_n if_o we_o suppose_v they_o both_o to_o be_v signify_v by_o the_o word_n menaviae_fw-la as_o writer_n will_v have_v we_o think_v at_o this_o time_n it_o be_v repute_v a_o british_a island_n at_o last_o when_o the_o north_n overswarm_v a_o second_o time_n send_v out_o another_o brood_n of_o norman_n dane_n and_o norwegian_n to_o seek_v their_o fortune_n in_o the_o world_n the_o norwegian_n who_o most_o sad_o infest_a this_o sea_n by_o their_o piracy_n possess_v themselves_o of_o this_o island_n and_o the_o hebrides_n and_o set_v up_o petty_a prince_n over_o they_o of_o who_o i_o will_v here_o add_v this_o historical_a account_n as_o it_o be_v word_n for_o word_n in_o a_o old_a manuscript_n lest_o it_o shall_v perish_v by_o some_o unlucky_a accident_n the_o title_n it_o bear_v be_v chronicon_fw-la manniae_fw-la i.e._n a_o chronicle_n of_o man._n it_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v write_v by_o the_o monk_n of_o russin-abbey_n the_o most_o eminent_a monastery_n that_o be_v in_o this_o island_n a_o chronicle_n of_o the_o king_n of_o man._n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1065._o die_v edward_n king_n of_o england_n of_o pious_a memory_n to_o who_o harold_n son_n of_o godwin_n succeed_v harold_n harfager_n king_n of_o norway_n raise_v war_n against_o he_o and_o be_v so_o beat_v at_o a_o battle_n at_o stainfordbridge_n that_o his_o man_n run_v away_o in_o this_o flight_n one_o godred_a surname_v crovan_n the_o son_n of_o harold_n the_o black_a escape_v out_o of_o iseland_n come_v to_o godred_a the_o son_n of_o syrric_n king_n of_o man_n at_o that_o time_n and_o be_v honourable_o entertain_v by_o he_o the_o same_o year_n william_n the_o bastard_n conquer_v england_n and_o godr_v the_o son_n of_o syrric_n king_n of_o man_n die_v and_o be_v succeed_v by_o his_o son_n fingall_n an._n 1066._o godred_a crovan_n get_v a_o numerous_a fleet_n together_o and_o arrive_v at_o man_n where_o he_o fight_v with_o the_o inhabitant_n but_o be_v overcome_v and_o put_v to_o flight_n have_v rally_v his_o force_n and_o his_o fleet_n he_o land_v again_o at_o man_n fight_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o be_v rout_v by_o they_o have_v raise_v a_o great_a army_n the_o three_o time_n he_o come_v by_o night_n to_o the_o port_n call_v ramsa_n and_o lay_v a_o ambuscade_n of_o three_o hundred_o man_n in_o a_o wood_n upon_o the_o hollow_a brow_n of_o a_o hill_n call_v scacafel_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o sun_n be_v up_o the_o inhabitant_n draw_v themselves_o up_o in_o battalion_n and_o fall_v upon_o godred_a with_o great_a violence_n when_o both_o party_n be_v close_o engage_v the_o three_o hundred_o man_n that_o lay_v in_o ambush_n behind_o come_v out_o to_o the_o assistance_n of_o their_o countryman_n and_o put_v the_o islander_n to_o flight_n when_o they_o see_v themselves_o overcome_v and_o no_o place_n to_o retreat_v to_o for_o the_o tide_n be_v in_o so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o pass_v the_o river_n ramsa_n and_o the_o enemy_n be_v at_o their_o heel_n pursue_v they_o in_o a_o moanful_a manner_n they_o petition_v godr_v to_o spare_v their_o life_n godred_a being_n move_v with_o compassion_n at_o the_o calamitous_a condition_n of_o a_o people_n among_o who_o he_o have_v himself_o be_v bring_v up_o for_o some_o time_n recall_v his_o army_n and_o hinder_v they_o from_o make_v any_o far_a pursuit_n the_o next_o day_n godr_v give_v his_o army_n their_o choice_n whether_o they_o will_v divide_v the_o land_n of_o the_o isle_n among_o they_o and_o live_v there_o or_o seize_v upon_o the_o wealth_n and_o substance_n of_o the_o country_n and_o return_v home_o with_o it_o but_o his_o army_n be_v rather_o for_o spoil_v the_o island_n and_o enrich_v themselves_o with_o the_o good_n of_o it_o and_o so_o for_o depart_v however_o godred_a himself_o with_o some_o of_o the_o islander_n that_o stay_v with_o he_o settle_v in_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o island_n and_o grant_v the_o north_n part_n to_o the_o remain_v of_o the_o native_n upon_o condition_n that_o none_o of_o they_o shall_v ever_o presume_v to_o claim_v any_o part_n of_o it_o as_o their_o inheritance_n hence_o to_o this_o very_a day_n the_o whole_a island_n be_v the_o king_n be_v and_o all_o the_o rent_n that_o arise_v in_o it_o belong_v to_o he_o godred_a then_o reduce_v dublin_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o laynestir_v as_o for_o the_o scot_n he_o bring_v they_o to_o such_o subjection_n that_o if_o any_o of_o they_o build_v a_o ship_n or_o a_o boat_n they_o dare_v not_o drive_v inscrere_fw-la drive_v plus_fw-fr quam_fw-la tres_fw-la clavos_fw-la inscrere_fw-la above_o 3_o nail_n in_o it_o he_o reign_v sixteen_o year_n and_o die_v in_o the_o island_n call_v isle_n leave_v three_o son_n lagman_n harald_n and_o olave_n lagman_n be_v elder_a seize_v upon_o the_o kingdom_n and_o reign_v seven_o year_n his_o brother_n harald_n continue_v a_o long_a time_n in_o rebellion_n against_o he_o but_o be_v at_o last_o take_v he_o have_v his_o privy_a member_n cut_v off_o and_o his_o eye_n put_v out_o afterward_o lagman_n
adjacent_a fort_n may_v apprehend_v the_o delinquent_n and_o send_v he_o under_o a_o guard_n to_o castle-town_n where_o he_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o island_n and_o be_v examine_v be_v either_o sentence_v or_o dismiss_v according_a as_o his_o innocence_n or_o his_o guilt_n appear_v as_o for_o private_a injury_n and_o injustice_n which_o require_v a_o suit_n of_o law_n they_o be_v decide_v according_a to_o their_o customary_a law_n twice_o a_o year_n in_o their_o sheeding-court_n the_o principal_a fort_n be_v the_o castle_n of_o russin_n where_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o island_n keep_v his_o court_n and_o peel-castle_n which_o mr._n camden_n call_v only_o a_o block-house_n but_o it_o be_v now_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v the_o second_o fortress_n of_o the_o island_n and_o be_v of_o great_a importance_n it_o be_v strong_o fortify_v both_o by_o nature_n and_o art_n by_o the_o sea_n round_o about_o it_o and_o by_o wall_n and_o rampart_n within_o it_o be_v the_o 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