hence_o unless_o therefore_o the_o advocate_n be_v please_v to_o show_v that_o the_o name_n of_o scot_n do_v so_o belong_v to_o the_o irish_a upon_o their_o remove_n into_o britain_n that_o it_o can_v not_o agree_v to_o they_o in_o ireland_n it_o will_v be_v impossible_a for_o he_o to_o make_v out_o that_o the_o name_n of_o scot_n do_v original_o belong_v to_o the_o irish_a in_o britain_n and_o only_o by_o way_n of_o communication_n to_o those_o in_o ireland_n i_o have_v already_o show_v that_o jos._n scaliger_n do_v assign_v such_o a_o reason_n of_o the_o name_n of_o scoti_n as_o agree_v only_o to_o those_o who_o come_v over_o upon_o expedition_n but_o i_o believe_v the_o scot_n will_v take_v it_o far_o better_a to_o receive_v their_o name_n from_o the_o irish_a scot_n than_o to_o have_v have_v the_o original_a name_n give_v they_o on_o such_o a_o account_n 2._o as_o to_o the_o circumstance_n of_o palladius_n his_o mission_n the_o main_a difficulty_n object_v 119._o be_v from_o st._n patrick_n be_v send_v so_o soon_o after_o into_o ireland_n which_o need_v not_o have_v be_v if_o palladius_n be_v send_v before_o thither_o and_o not_o rather_o into_o scotland_n whither_o bale_n say_v he_o go_v and_o die_v not_o a._n d._n 431._o but_o 434._o this_o be_v the_o force_n of_o what_o the_o advocate_n say_v upon_o this_o matter_n but_o the_o bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n have_v prove_v from_o prosper_n that_o palladius_n be_v send_v to_o the_o scot_n in_o ireland_n because_o he_o distinguish_v the_o two_o island_n the_o one_o he_o call_v roman_a i._n e._n britain_n the_o other_o barbarous_a where_o the_o scot_n live_v to_o who_o palladius_n be_v send_v which_o can_v be_v no_o other_o than_o ireland_n to_o which_o the_o advocate_n answer_v 116._o that_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n be_v by_o tacitus_n and_o bede_n say_v to_o be_v reduce_v into_o a_o island_n by_o the_o roman_a wall_n from_o sea_n to_o sea_n and_o bede_n in_o other_o place_n call_v the_o scot_n islander_n tacitus_n indeed_o say_v that_o by_o agricola_n fortification_n between_o the_o two_o frith_n the_o britain_n be_v drive_v as_o into_o another_o island_n but_o this_o be_v a_o very_a different_a way_n of_o speak_v from_o that_o of_o prosper_n who_o make_v a_o distinction_n between_o two_o proper_a island_n and_o prosper_n can_v not_o be_v ignorant_a that_o festus_n avienus_n not_o long_o before_o viz._n in_o the_o time_n of_o theodosius_n have_v distinguish_v the_o two_o island_n the_o one_o inhabit_v by_o the_o hiberni_n and_o the_o other_o he_o call_v insula_fw-la albionum_fw-la which_o take_v in_o all_o that_o we_o now_o call_v britain_n but_o according_a to_o the_o old_a geographer_n ireland_n be_v account_v one_o of_o the_o british_a island_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o pliny_n apuleius_n ptolemy_n diodorus_n siculus_n and_o marcianus_n heracleota_n which_o have_v be_v produce_v by_o other_o 1._o and_o need_v not_o to_o be_v repeat_v here_o but_o no_o one_o ever_o mention_v scotland_n as_o a_o distinct_a island_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v unreasonable_a to_o understand_v prosper_n in_o that_o sense_n bede_n mention_n the_o insulani_fw-la in_o the_o chapter_n refer_v to_o 12._o but_o nothing_o can_v be_v plain_o than_o that_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o britain_n on_o this_o side_n the_o wall_n who_o raise_v up_o the_o wall_n of_o turf_n between_o the_o two_o frith_n for_o their_o own_o security_n against_o their_o enemy_n beyond_o the_o wall_n in_o the_o other_o place_n of_o bede_n 26._o the_o insulani_fw-la be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o those_o of_o ireland_n as_o bede_n clear_o express_v himself_o misso_fw-la in_o hiberniam_fw-la exercitu_fw-la but_o the_o ingenious_a advocate_n have_v a_o fetch_n beyond_o this_o for_o he_o say_v that_o bede_n by_o ireland_n mean_v scotland_n which_o he_o set_v himself_o to_o prove_v from_o this_o very_a passage_n for_o say_v he_o 153._o the_o same_o thing_n that_o be_v first_o say_v to_o be_v do_v in_o hibernia_n be_v afterward_o say_v to_o be_v do_v in_o scotia_n and_o may_v it_o not_o be_v so_o if_o ireland_n be_v then_o call_v scotia_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o former_a testimony_n but_o that_o bede_n can_v not_o mean_v any_o other_o than_o ireland_n appear_v from_o hence_o that_o he_o say_v the_o nation_n which_o egfr_v invade_v have_v be_v always_o kind_a to_o the_o english_a and_o the_o irish_a annal_n give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o very_a place_n and_o time_n of_o egfred_n land_v in_o ireland_n and_o the_o captive_n he_o carry_v away_o from_o thence_o 230._o 34._o but_o bede_n elsewhere_o say_v the_o scot_n in_o britain_n have_v be_v great_a enemy_n to_o they_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o battle_n at_o degsastan_n where_o the_o whole_a army_n of_o the_o scot_n be_v almost_o cut_v off_o by_o edilfredus_fw-la king_n of_o northumberland_n and_o their_o king_n edan_n flee_v from_o which_o time_n none_o of_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n dare_v appear_v in_o the_o field_n against_o the_o english_a which_o argue_v no_o great_a kindness_n between_o they_o but_o bede_n say_v that_o these_o have_v be_v nationi_fw-la anglorum_fw-la gens_fw-la super_fw-la amicissima_fw-la and_o therefore_o his_o word_n must_v relate_v to_o the_o scot_n in_o ireland_n but_o do_v not_o bede_n say_v 155._o that_o columbanus_n come_v from_o ireland_n to_o hylas_n and_o so_o to_o britain_n and_o afterward_o that_o colman_n return_v to_o scotland_n i._n e._n to_o hylas_n from_o whence_o columba_n come_v therefore_o scotland_n be_v call_v ireland_n or_o rather_o ireland_n be_v call_v scotia_n which_o be_v so_o clear_a in_o bede_n that_o i_o wonder_v that_o any_o that_o careful_o read_v he_o can_v dispute_v it_o he_o say_v indeed_o that_o the_o scot_n have_v a_o kingdom_n in_o britain_n but_o where_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o scot_n he_o than_o mean_v the_o scot_n of_o ireland_n as_o will_v easy_o appear_v by_o the_o series_n of_o his_o discourse_n when_o he_o speak_v of_o laurentius_n his_o care_n not_o only_o of_o the_o britain_n but_o of_o the_o scot_n too_o 4._o he_o explain_v himself_o to_o mean_v those_o who_o live_v in_o ireland_n a_o island_n near_o to_o britain_n columba_n he_o say_v 4._o come_v from_o ireland_n to_o convert_v the_o northern_a pict_n and_o obtain_v from_o their_o king_n the_o island_n hylas_n where_o he_o found_v his_o monastery_n 3._o which_o he_o say_v be_v the_o chief_a of_o all_o the_o northern_a scot_n not_o of_o those_o in_o scotland_n but_o in_o ireland_n for_o in_o the_o same_o chapter_n he_o distinguish_v the_o scot_n in_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o ireland_n from_o those_o in_o the_o northern_a the_o former_a follow_v the_o roman_a custom_n of_o easter_n and_o the_o northern_a refuse_v it_o from_o these_o aidanus_fw-la come_v the_o first_o scotish_n bishop_n who_o settle_v among_o the_o english_a 5._o be_v send_v for_o by_o king_n oswald_n 19_o furseus_n say_v he_o afterward_o come_v from_o ireland_n be_v of_o the_o most_o noble_a race_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o there_o he_o mention_n the_o scot_n of_o his_o own_o nation_n and_o say_v he_o have_v preach_v a_o great_a while_n in_o scotia_n before_o he_o come_v into_o england_n but_o he_o never_o take_v notice_n after_o his_o come_n over_o of_o his_o be_v any_o where_o but_o among_o the_o britain_n before_o he_o go_v to_o the_o east_n angle_n 25._o after_o aidan_n death_n finan_n come_v from_o the_o same_o scot_n who_o persist_v in_o the_o old_a way_n of_o the_o keep_a easter_n after_o finan_n colman_n succeed_v who_o be_v missus_fw-la a_o scotia_n who_o maintain_v the_o same_o practice_n and_o afterward_o he_o return_v home_o 26._o in_o scotiam_fw-la regressus_fw-la est_fw-la but_o what_o he_o mean_v by_o it_o bede_n present_o inform_v we_o when_o he_o say_v that_o tuda_n succeed_v who_o have_v be_v bring_v up_o among_o the_o southern_a scot_n i._n e._n in_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o ireland_n tuda_n die_v of_o the_o plague_n which_o bede_n say_v pass_v into_o ireland_n 27._o whither_o many_o english_a go_v in_o the_o time_n of_o finan_n and_o colman_n who_o be_v all_o kind_o receive_v by_o the_o scot_n 4._o when_o colman_n return_v bede_n say_v he_o go_v first_o to_o hy_o then_o to_o a_o island_n on_o the_o west_n of_o ireland_n but_o not_o a_o word_n of_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n afterward_o he_o show_v how_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o scot_n in_o ireland_n be_v bring_v to_o compliance_n in_o the_o point_n of_o keep_v easter_n by_o mean_n of_o adamnanus_n 16._o who_o endeavour_v to_o reduce_v those_o of_o hylas_n but_o can_v not_o but_o upon_o egbert_n come_v to_o they_o from_o ireland_n 13._o the_o scotish_n monk_n of_o the_o island_n hylas_n or_o jona_n yield_v when_o duumchadus_fw-la be_v abbat_n there_o and_o now_o let_v any_o indifferent_a reader_n
other_o antiquary_n and_o critic_n than_o they_o be_v by_o scaliger_n this_o argument_n will_v come_v to_o very_o little_a and_o yet_o salmasius_n and_o the_o rest_n he_o mention_n 126._o say_v much_o less_o than_o scaliger_n salmasius_n only_o use_v scaliger_n criticism_n about_o the_o scoto-brigantes_n without_o add_v any_o thing_n lipsius_n unhappy_o call_v galgacus_n a_o scot_n which_o be_v a_o improper_a expression_n as_o i_o have_v prove_v in_o the_o proper_a place_n because_o it_o be_v so_o evident_a from_o tacitus_n that_o the_o caledonian_n be_v not_o scot_n unless_o it_o be_v take_v for_o scythian_n of_o which_o afterward_o but_o by_o scot_n here_o we_o mean_v such_o as_o come_v out_o of_o ireland_n to_o settle_v in_o britain_n and_o such_o galgacus_n and_o his_o soldier_n be_v not_o and_o the_o like_a impropriety_n bergier_n though_o a_o learned_a antiquary_n fall_v into_o 9_o when_o he_o interpret_v the_o caledonian_n by_o scot_n but_o such_o as_o dempster_n be_v frequent_o guilty_a of_o when_o he_o call_v the_o britain_n english_a because_o the_o english_a dwell_v in_o britain_n afterward_o but_o improper_a expression_n where_o they_o fall_v from_o learned_a man_n by_o chance_n ought_v rather_o to_o be_v pass_v over_o with_o silence_n than_o make_v use_v of_o as_o argument_n unless_o those_o who_o use_v they_o go_v about_o to_o prove_v what_o be_v imply_v in_o they_o sigonius_n his_o name_n stand_v among_o the_o rest_n be_v indeed_o a_o learned_a historian_n antiquary_n and_o critic_n but_o not_o one_o word_n can_v i_o find_v produce_v out_o of_o he_o in_o his_o whole_a book_n what_o baronius_n say_v relaâ—es_n to_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o scotish_n nation_n and_o not_o to_o these_o antiquity_n of_o which_o i_o have_v treat_v at_o large_a in_o the_o follow_a book_n 108._o andr._n favin_n and_o p._n aemilius_n speak_v only_o of_o a_o alliance_n between_o achaius_n king_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o charles_n the_o great_a and_o what_o be_v this_o to_o fergus_n and_o the_o succession_n of_o king_n for_o 330_o year_n before_o christ_n nativity_n which_o he_o say_v in_o the_o beginning_n be_v applaud_v by_o all_o historian_n 2.10_o antiquary_n and_o critic_n and_o as_o though_o this_o be_v not_o extravagant_a enough_o 126._o he_o say_v afterward_o that_o baronius_n scaliger_n salmasius_n lipsius_n sigonius_n favin_n and_o other_o of_o the_o first_o rank_n too_o many_o to_o be_v name_v have_v passionate_o defend_v their_o antiquity_n and_o not_o only_o sustain_v but_o praise_v their_o history_n whereas_o not_o one_o of_o these_o produce_v by_o he_o speak_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n but_o we_o hope_v to_o see_v these_o thing_n better_o clear_v in_o the_o three_o part_n of_o sir_n r._n sibbald_n scotia_n antiqua_fw-la where_o he_o have_v promise_v to_o give_v a_o particular_a account_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o scot_n in_o britain_n before_o they_o have_v king_n then_o under_o king_n from_o fergus_n i._o to_o fergus_n ii_o and_o from_o thence_o to_o malcolm_n canmore_n if_o he_o do_v clear_a these_o part_n of_o their_o antiquity_n he_o will_v do_v a_o great_a thing_n and_o for_o my_o part_n i_o shall_v be_v as_o willing_a to_o believe_v fergus_n to_o have_v come_v into_o britain_n in_o the_o time_n of_o alexander_n as_o any_o time_n after_o provide_v there_o be_v sufficient_a evidence_n to_o prove_v it_o which_o must_v be_v somewhat_o more_o convince_a than_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n have_v be_v please_v to_o make_v use_n of_o but_o i_o remember_v scaliger_n censure_n of_o claudian_n addit_fw-la de_fw-la ingenio_fw-la quantum_fw-la deest_fw-la materiae_fw-la therefore_o from_o the_o testimony_n of_o historian_n antiquary_n and_o critic_n i_o proceed_v to_o examine_v the_o argumentative_a part_n of_o his_o book_n and_o set_v aside_o all_o common_a place_n about_o historical_a certainty_n tradition_n common_a fame_n etc._n etc._n i_o shall_v keep_v close_o to_o the_o point_n before_o we_o and_o examine_v the_o force_n and_o strength_n of_o his_o reason_v which_o consist_v in_o these_o thing_n 6._o 1._o that_o upon_o the_o same_o reason_n we_o question_v their_o antiquity_n we_o may_v call_v in_o question_n the_o roman_a jewish_a greek_a french_a spanish_a antiquity_n all_o which_o depend_v upon_o tradition_n without_o record_n for_o a_o long_a time_n this_o be_v indeed_o a_o material_a objection_n for_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o give_v a_o partial_a assent_n to_o some_o antiquity_n and_o deny_v it_o to_o other_o if_o there_o be_v the_o same_o ground_n either_o to_o give_v or_o deny_v assent_n to_o all_o but_o this_o must_v be_v examine_v 1._o as_o to_o the_o roman_a antiquity_n he_o cite_v a_o passage_n in_o livy_n init_fw-la in_o which_o he_o say_v that_o the_o use_n of_o letter_n be_v not_o then_o ordinary_a the_o only_a certain_a preserver_n of_o the_o memory_n of_o thing_n past_a so_o livy'_v word_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v rarae_fw-la per_fw-la ea_fw-la tempora_fw-la literae_fw-la una_fw-la custodia_fw-la fidelis_fw-la memoriae_fw-la rerum_fw-la gestarum_fw-la and_o not_o as_o the_o advocate_n with_o too_o much_o art_n have_v translate_v they_o that_o the_o best_a record_n be_v the_o faithful_a remembrance_n of_o thing_n past_a for_o if_o this_o be_v livy_n meaning_n why_o do_v he_o complain_v of_o the_o want_n of_o the_o common_a use_n of_o letter_n when_o he_o say_v tradition_n be_v the_o best_a way_n to_o preserve_v the_o memory_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v to_o make_v livy_n speak_v inconsequent_o but_o he_o go_v on_o say_v that_o what_o memorial_n be_v leave_v by_o the_o high_a priest_n or_o be_v in_o public_a or_o private_a hand_n be_v most_o part_v destroy_v in_o the_o burn_a of_o the_o town_n he_o do_v not_o say_v all_o be_v lose_v but_o the_o most_o part_n this_o livy_n allege_v to_o excuse_v the_o shortness_n and_o obscurity_n of_o his_o first_o book_n for_o want_n of_o sufficient_a record_n and_o he_o speak_v like_o a_o very_a judicious_a historian_n in_o it_o and_o when_o he_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o remote_a antiquity_n of_o rome_n he_o be_v far_o from_o confident_a assert_v they_o but_o he_o speak_v with_o great_a modesty_n and_o discretion_n about_o they_o say_v that_o he_o will_v neither_o affirm_v nor_o deny_v they_o be_v rather_o build_v on_o poetical_a fable_n than_o any_o certain_a monument_n of_o affair_n at_o that_o time_n that_o a_o allowance_n must_v be_v make_v to_o antiquity_n which_o be_v wont_v consecrare_fw-la origines_fw-la svas_fw-la to_o make_v their_o beginning_n as_o sacred_a and_o venerable_a as_o they_o can_v but_o as_o to_o such_o thing_n he_o will_v be_v no_o advocate_n either_o for_o or_o against_o they_o then_o he_o proceed_v to_o deliver_v the_o common_a tradition_n about_o aeneas_n his_o come_n into_o italy_n and_o ascanius_n succeed_v he_o but_o he_o can_v tell_v whether_o ascanius_n the_o son_n of_o creusa_n or_o another_o the_o son_n of_o lavinia_n quis_fw-la enim_fw-la rem_fw-la tam_fw-la veterem_fw-la pro_fw-la certo_fw-la affirmet_fw-la who_o can_v be_v certain_a in_o such_o remote_a antiquity_n and_o yet_o at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v think_v a_o great_a disparagement_n to_o the_o royal_a line_n to_o have_v it_o question_v whether_o it_o be_v the_o elder_a ascanius_n because_o the_o julian_n family_n as_o livy_n there_o say_v derive_v themselves_o from_o he_o who_o be_v call_v julus_n it_o be_v true_a livy_n after_o this_o relate_v the_o roman_a antiquity_n down_o to_o the_o burn_a of_o the_o city_n when_o so_o many_o record_n be_v lose_v but_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v certain_a annal_n before_o that_o time_n and_o that_o some_o of_o they_o be_v preserve_v that_o they_o have_v annal_n both_o public_a and_o private_a appear_v by_o livy_n own_o word_n who_o mention_n both_o the_o commentarii_fw-la pontificum_fw-la and_o the_o publica_fw-la &_o privata_fw-la monumenta_fw-la 12._o and_o cicero_n affirm_v that_o the_o roman_n from_o the_o beginning_n have_v annal_n make_v up_o by_o the_o pontifex_n maximus_n of_o the_o transaction_n of_o every_o year_n and_o these_o be_v public_o expose_v in_o a_o table_n in_o his_o house_n that_o the_o people_n may_v be_v satisfy_v about_o they_o and_o these_o he_o say_v be_v call_v annales_n maximi_fw-la which_o he_o add_v be_v continue_v down_o to_o the_o time_n of_o mucius_n scaevola_n who_o be_v pontifex_n maximus_n about_o a._n u._n c._n 623._o these_o as_o servius_n say_v 377._o be_v after_o make_v up_o into_o 80_o great_a book_n and_o be_v the_o stand_a monument_n of_o their_o antiquity_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n de_fw-fr origine_fw-la gentis_fw-la romanae_fw-la as_o vossius_fw-la and_o other_o take_v notice_n 1._o insert_v several_a thing_n as_o take_v out_o of_o the_o pontifical_a annal_n which_o happen_v before_o the_o build_n of_o rome_n from_o whence_o they_o do_v just_o infer_v that_o matter_n
a_o passage_n as_o that_o between_o ireland_n and_o those_o part_n of_o scotland_n which_o lie_v near_a to_o it_o why_o may_v not_o the_o irish_a pass_v those_o sea_n as_o well_o in_o these_o as_o the_o britain_n do_v in_o caesar_n time_n the_o sea_n between_o gaul_n and_o britain_n for_o he_o say_v they_o give_v assistence_n to_o the_o gaul_n and_o they_o have_v then_o no_o other_o kind_n of_o ship_n and_o caesar_n himself_o be_v so_o far_o from_o despise_v they_o 3._o that_o he_o think_v they_o a_o very_a useful_a invention_n and_o make_v use_n of_o they_o himself_o in_o spain_n to_o transport_v his_o soldier_n the_o keel_n and_o mast_n he_o say_v be_v make_v of_o the_o light_a wood_n 1._o and_o the_o body_n of_o they_o of_o wicker_n cover_v over_o with_o leather_n which_o he_o have_v learn_v from_o the_o britain_n lucan_n call_v they_o little_a ship_n and_o not_o a_o miserable_a little_a kind_n of_o shapeless_a boat_n as_o the_o advocate_n do_v 101._o primum_fw-la cana_fw-la foelix_fw-la madefacto_fw-la vimine_fw-la 4._o parvam_fw-la texitur_fw-la in_o puppim_fw-la caesóque_fw-la induta_fw-la juvenco_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o in_o these_o he_o say_v the_o britain_n be_v wont_v to_o pass_v the_o ocean_n fusóque_fw-la britannus_n navigate_fw-la oceano_fw-la in_o the_o old_a mss._n glossary_n in_o the_o margin_n of_o josselin_n gildas_n curuca_n be_v render_v by_o navis_fw-la and_o not_o a_o little_a shapeless_a boat_n and_o solinus_n express_o say_v even_o in_o the_o place_n quote_v by_o he_o that_o it_o be_v common_a to_o pass_v between_o ireland_n and_o britain_n with_o these_o currogh_n 35._o and_o such_o kind_n of_o vessel_n cover_v with_o leather_n be_v not_o only_o use_v by_o the_o britain_n and_o irish_a but_o by_o the_o aethiopian_n egyptian_n sabean_o roman_n and_o spaniard_n as_o may_v be_v show_v from_o the_o testimony_n of_o agatharchides_n strabo_n virgil_n pliny_n and_o other_o how_o come_v it_o then_o to_o be_v almost_o impossible_a for_o the_o irish_a to_o pass_v the_o sea_n in_o such_o vessel_n and_o wherein_o lie_v the_o absurdity_n and_o incredibility_n of_o the_o bishop_n hypothesis_n when_o he_o make_v they_o to_o cross_v but_o 13_o mile_n from_o ireland_n to_o britain_n in_o these_o currogh_n and_o the_o advocate_n allow_v the_o frith_n over_o which_o they_o be_v to_o pass_v to_o be_v 40_o mile_n broad_a in_o some_o place_n and_o how_o can_v they_o be_v secure_a they_o shall_v not_o be_v drive_v into_o the_o broad_a place_n if_o these_o vessel_n than_o can_v convey_v they_o safe_o over_o the_o frith_n why_o not_o as_o well_o from_o ireland_n to_o the_o near_a part_n of_o scotland_n but_o i_o have_v another_o argument_n from_o gildas_n that_o the_o sea_n can_v be_v understand_v of_o the_o two_o frith_n viz._n that_o gildas_n say_v 13.2_o when_o the_o roman_a legion_n first_o defeat_v the_o pict_n and_o the_o scot_n they_o command_v a_o wall_n to_o be_v build_v between_o the_o two_o sea_n to_o hinder_v their_o incursion_n which_o be_v confirm_v by_o bede_n 12._o who_o say_v this_o wall_n begin_v at_o penneltun_n not_o far_o from_o abercorny_a and_o end_v at_o alcluith_n and_o be_v design_v to_o keep_v out_o their_o enemy_n now_o i_o desire_v to_o know_v to_o what_o purpose_n this_o wall_n be_v build_v between_o the_o two_o frith_n to_o keep_v out_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n if_o their_o custom_n be_v as_o the_o advocate_n suppose_v to_o cross_v over_o the_o two_o frith_n and_o to_o land_n on_o this_o side_n the_o wall_n do_v the_o roman_n and_o britain_n so_o little_a understand_v the_o way_n of_o their_o enemy_n come_v to_o put_v themselves_o to_o so_o much_o pain_n and_o trouble_n for_o no_o purpose_n at_o all_o and_o buchanan_n think_v the_o last_o stone_n wall_n make_v by_o the_o roman_n for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o britain_n 40.2_o mention_v by_o gildas_n and_o bede_n 12._o be_v make_v in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o he_o think_v severus_n his_o wall_n stand_v before_o and_o it_o have_v be_v madness_n to_o erect_v a_o stone_n wall_n there_o to_o keep_v out_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n if_o they_o come_v out_o of_o scotland_n over_o the_o two_o frith_n and_o land_a where_o the_o wall_n can_v do_v the_o britain_n no_o service_n but_o gildas_n and_o bede_n say_v they_o attempt_v the_o wall_n and_o force_v themselves_o a_o passage_n over_o it_o irrumpunt_fw-la terminos_fw-la say_v bede_n and_o with_o their_o iron_n hook_n draw_v the_o britain_n from_o the_o wall_n say_v gildas_n what_o need_v all_o this_o if_o they_o come_v over_o the_o frith_n and_o so_o leave_v the_o wall_n between_o the_o two_o frith_n behind_o they_o but_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v very_o plain_a that_o gildas_n know_v nothing_o of_o their_o pass_v the_o frith_n and_o therefore_o must_v be_v understand_v of_o their_o cross_v the_o sea_n from_o ireland_n to_o scotland_n and_o there_o join_v with_o the_o pict_n and_o so_o march_v towards_o the_o wall_n between_o the_o two_o frith_n in_o order_n to_o their_o pass_v into_o the_o roman_a province_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o gildas_n say_v after_o the_o make_v the_o second_o wall_n the_o scot_n and_o pict_n upon_o the_o roman_n withdraw_v grow_v more_o confident_a and_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o island_n as_o far_o as_o the_o wall_n pro_fw-la indigenis_fw-la in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o native_n which_o show_v that_o he_o look_v on_o they_o as_o late_a comer_n and_o then_o new_o enter_v into_o possession_n there_o the_o last_o thing_n i_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o be_v concern_v the_o early_a conversion_n of_o the_o scotish_n nation_n to_o the_o christian_a faith_n and_o here_o i_o be_o particular_o concern_v to_o answer_v his_o argument_n 53._o since_o in_o the_o follow_a book_n i_o have_v reject_v the_o tradition_n of_o the_o scot_n conversion_n under_o king_n donald_n and_o assert_v palladius_n to_o have_v be_v send_v to_o the_o original_a scot_n in_o ireland_n 112._o but_o the_o advocate_n think_v it_o so_o clear_a that_o they_o be_v convert_v before_o a._n d._n 503._o that_o from_o thence_o he_o conclude_v that_o they_o be_v settle_v in_o scotland_n before_o that_o time_n and_o it_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o very_o ill_a nature_n to_o deny_v this_o conclusion_n if_o the_o premise_n be_v well_o prove_v 1._o as_o to_o the_o conversion_n under_o king_n donald_n he_o show_v 1._o that_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a the_o british_a christian_n be_v persecute_v by_o the_o roman_a emperor_n in_o the_o southern_a part_n 113._o will_v go_v into_o the_o northern_a and_o propagate_v their_o religion_n there_o but_o this_o prove_v only_o the_o probability_n of_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o northern_a britain_n and_o not_o of_o the_o scot_n 114._o 2._o he_o say_v the_o druid_n be_v prepare_v to_o receive_v christianity_n and_o so_o will_v be_v easy_a to_o be_v convert_v themselves_o and_o ready_a to_o convert_v the_o people_n he_o speak_v soon_o after_o of_o a_o double_a conversion_n of_o their_o nation_n from_o paganism_n and_o pelagianism_n 117._o methinks_v these_o word_n do_v not_o argue_v the_o latter_a conversion_n to_o have_v be_v such_o as_o to_o have_v leave_v no_o dregs_o behind_o it_o for_o how_o come_v the_o druid_n natural_a improvement_n to_o facilitate_v their_o conversion_n more_o than_o the_o philosopher_n at_o athens_n or_o rome_n and_o the_o irish_a antiquary_n say_v the_o druid_n there_o be_v the_o great_a opposer_n of_o the_o gospel_n 203._o but_o still_o these_o druid_n may_v be_v among_o the_o britain_n and_o not_o the_o scot_n 118._o 3._o he_o say_v that_o donald_n be_v their_o first_o christian_a king_n a._n d._n 203._o seem_v most_o full_o prove_v not_o by_o any_o thing_n yet_o say_v but_o what_o then_o be_v the_o full_a proof_n in_o short_a it_o be_v this_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o fact_n very_o true_a matter_n of_o fact_n must_v be_v prove_v by_o witness_n true_o again_o but_o who_o be_v these_o witness_n even_o the_o historian_n of_o their_o country_n and_o the_o annal_n of_o their_o monastery_n and_o so_o we_o be_v throw_v back_o upon_o the_o debate_n of_o their_o authority_n which_o i_o have_v go_v through_o already_o let_v it_o therefore_o rest_n upon_o their_o credibility_n only_o remember_v that_o no_o such_o king_n as_o donald_n do_v appear_v in_o their_o most_o ancient_a genealogy_n 115._o 4._o he_o affirm_v that_o baronius_n allow_v their_o conversion_n by_o pope_n victor_n and_o he_o make_v ecclesiastic_a history_n more_o his_o task_n than_o the_o bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n and_o be_v more_o disintere_v it_o be_v possible_a the_o bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n may_v have_v consider_v ecclesiastic_a history_n with_o as_o much_o care_n as_o baronius_n himself_o but_o i_o dare_v say_v with_o great_a judgement_n and_o impartiality_n and_o of_o all_o thing_n i_o can_v but_o
dom._n 215._o however_o long_o enough_o before_o the_o time_n of_o fergus_n according_a to_o this_o supposition_n that_o part_n of_o scotland_n call_v dalrieta_n 612._o or_o dalreuda_n the_o bound_n whereof_o be_v describe_v by_o the_o learned_a primate_n be_v inhabit_v long_o before_o the_o come_n of_o fergus_n and_o so_o agree_v with_o what_o 1._o bede_n say_v that_o the_o scot_n come_v first_o out_o of_o ireland_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o reuda_n and_o either_o by_o force_n or_o friendship_n find_v habitation_n for_o themselves_o there_o which_o they_o still_o enjoy_v and_o from_o their_o leader_n to_o this_o time_n they_o be_v call_v dalreudim_n daal_n signify_v a_o share_n in_o their_o language_n this_o reuda_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o cairbre_n riada_n the_o three_o son_n of_o conair_a and_o if_o fergus_n be_v descend_v from_o the_o same_o conair_a it_o give_v a_o probable_a account_n of_o fergus_n his_o come_n afterward_o into_o those_o part_n and_o take_v the_o government_n upon_o he_o for_o 93._o kete_v say_v that_o eochac_n mumreamhar_n of_o the_o progeny_n of_o cairbre_n redhfadac_n or_o riada_n have_v two_o son_n earcha_n and_o elchon_n and_o from_o the_o former_a the_o family_n of_o dalinea_n riada_n in_o scotland_n be_v descend_v from_o the_o latter_a those_o of_o dalinea_n riada_n in_o ulster_n which_o must_v be_v understand_v of_o that_o part_n of_o the_o ulster_n dalinea_n riadans_fw-la which_o fergus_n carry_v with_o he_o for_o there_o be_v the_o descendants_n from_o riada_n in_o scotland_n before_o according_a to_o the_o former_a account_n but_o the_o whole_a matter_n about_o the_o reign_n of_o fergus_n remain_v still_o very_o obscure_a for_o 1._o it_o seem_v strange_a that_o bede_n take_v no_o notice_n at_o all_o of_o he_o which_o in_o all_o probability_n he_o will_v have_v do_v as_o well_o as_o of_o reuda_n who_o be_v less_o considerable_a 2._o 137._o jocelin_n in_o the_o life_n of_o st._n patrick_n say_v that_o fergus_n be_v one_o of_o the_o twelve_o son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o dalredia_n and_o be_v exclude_v from_o his_o share_n by_o his_o brethren_n of_o who_o st._n patrick_n prophesy_v that_o from_o he_o king_n shall_v rise_v who_o shall_v not_o only_o reign_v at_o home_n but_o in_o a_o foreign_a country_n after_o which_o say_v he_o fergus_n in_o no_o long_a time_n come_v to_o be_v king_n in_o his_o own_o country_n and_o from_o he_o spring_v eanus_fw-la who_o subdue_v albany_n and_o other_o island_n and_o who_o posterity_n still_o reign_v there_o so_o that_o if_o jocelin_n authority_n be_v good_a fergus_n himself_o never_o come_v into_o scotland_n but_o the_o mistake_n arise_v because_o he_o be_v king_n in_o dalrieda_n which_o the_o scot_n understand_v of_o their_o own_o and_o think_v they_o have_v reason_n because_o the_o posterity_n of_o fergus_n reign_v there_o 3._o 16._o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la who_o have_v a_o sight_n of_o the_o irish_a annal_n never_o mention_n fergus_n but_o only_o say_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o nellus_fw-la the_o monarch_n of_o ireland_n six_o son_n of_o mure_v king_n of_o ulster_n sail_v into_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n and_o there_o plant_v themselves_o from_o who_o the_o scotish_n nation_n be_v derive_v this_o nellus_fw-la who_o the_o irish_a call_v niall_a the_o great_a be_v kill_v say_v gratianus_n lucius_n anno_fw-la dom._n 403._o and_o if_o the_o son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o ulster_n come_v then_o over_o to_o plant_v and_o settle_v in_o scotland_n this_o must_v be_v 100_o year_n before_o the_o time_n of_o fergus_n and_o consequent_o he_o can_v be_v none_o of_o that_o number_n and_o yet_o the_o 93._o irish_a annalist_n make_v the_o two_o ferguss_n the_o two_o aenguss_n and_o the_o two_o loarn_n to_o be_v the_o six_o son_n of_o muriedhach_n king_n of_o ulster_n who_o come_v over_o to_o settle_v in_o scotland_n but_o if_o giraldus_n his_o authority_n be_v allow_v the_o scot_n come_v not_o to_o settle_v in_o britain_n till_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o five_o century_n and_o the_o monarchy_n in_o the_o posterity_n of_o fergus_n according_a to_o jocelin_n can_v not_o be_v till_o towards_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o six_o century_n and_o if_o edan_n king_n of_o the_o scot_n in_o bede_n history_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o edan_n in_o jocelin_n who_o descend_v from_o fergus_n then_o the_o scotish_n kingdom_n do_v not_o begin_v till_o the_o seven_o century_n as_o appear_v by_o 34._o bede_n but_o in_o matter_n of_o so_o much_o obscurity_n i_o determine_v nothing_o but_o it_o be_v but_o justice_n to_o consider_v on_o the_o other_o side_n what_o the_o scotish_n antiquary_n do_v now_o plead_v for_o themselves_o to_o prove_v that_o they_o inhabit_v scotland_n long_o before_o this_o time_n first_o they_o say_v 1._o bede_n mention_n they_o as_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o island_n before_o the_o come_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o describe_v the_o war_n be_v between_o the_o pict_n scot_n and_o britain_n before_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n it_o be_v very_o true_a that_o bede_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o history_n do_v set_v down_o the_o several_a nation_n which_o inhabit_v britain_n and_o he_o name_v five_o english_a britain_n scot_n pict_n and_o roman_n and_o among_o these_o he_o reckon_v the_o britain_n first_o than_o the_o pict_n after_o they_o the_o scot_n from_o ireland_n under_o reuda_n and_o then_o add_v that_o ireland_n be_v the_o true_a country_n of_o the_o scot_n who_o come_v hither_o make_v a_o three_o nation_n in_o britain_n beside_o the_o britain_n and_o pict_n and_o land_v on_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o frith_n towards_o ireland_n and_o there_o settle_v themselves_o but_o bede_n say_v nothing_o at_o all_o of_o the_o time_n when_o the_o scot_n come_v first_o from_o ireland_n and_o it_o be_v of_o no_o force_n that_o he_o reckon_v they_o here_o before_o the_o war_n with_o the_o roman_n for_o so_o he_o do_v the_o english_a as_o well_o as_o the_o scot_n his_o business_n be_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o present_a inhabitant_n and_o not_o mere_o of_o the_o ancient_n haec_fw-la in_o praesenti_fw-la 5_o gentium_fw-la linguis_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o where_o do_v bede_n say_v that_o the_o scot_n be_v in_o britain_n before_o the_o roman_n come_v hither_o i_o can_v find_v so_o much_o as_o a_o intimation_n that_o way_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o the_o title_n of_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o britain_n and_o ireland_n and_o their_o ancient_a inhabitant_n and_o do_v not_o bede_n speak_v of_o the_o britain_n as_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o island_n and_o the_o scot_n of_o ireland_n but_o if_o all_o mention_v must_v be_v ancient_a inhabitant_n than_o so_o must_v the_o english_a and_o roman_n be_v as_o well_o as_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n well!_o but_o do_v not_o 5._o bede_n afterward_o say_v that_o severus_n his_o wall_n be_v build_v against_o the_o unconquered_a nation_n beyond_o it_o i_o grant_v it_o if_o he_o have_v say_v the_o scot_n and_o pict_n beyond_o it_o the_o controversy_n have_v be_v end_v but_o do_v not_o dio_n explain_v bede_n who_o express_o tell_v we_o these_o nation_n be_v the_o maeatae_n and_o the_o caledonii_n why_o not_o the_o pict_n and_o the_o scot_n if_o then_o in_o britain_n the_o latter_a roman_a writer_n never_o forbear_v call_v they_o by_o their_o own_o name_n when_o they_o know_v they_o to_o be_v here_o as_o appear_v by_o eumenius_n claudian_n and_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n but_o to_o say_v the_o scot_n be_v call_v maeatae_n because_o they_o come_v from_o the_o palus_n maeotis_n will_v hardly_o go_v down_o in_o this_o age._n however_o it_o be_v confident_o affirm_v the_o caledonii_n be_v the_o scot_n let_v this_o one_o thing_n be_v well_o prove_v and_o i_o will_v yield_v the_o scot_n be_v in_o britain_n long_o before_o severus_n his_o time_n for_o tacitus_n mention_n the_o caledonian_n but_o it_o be_v to_o no_o more_o purpose_n to_o quote_v modern_a writer_n who_o call_v the_o caledonian_n scot_n than_o lipsius_n his_o calling_n galgacus_n a_o scotish_n king_n for_o we_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o follow_v any_o modern_a writer_n in_o their_o impropriety_n there_o be_v no_o question_n the_o caledonian_n be_v know_v to_o flaccus_n and_o martial_n who_o certain_o live_v not_o in_o augustus_n his_o time_n unless_o that_o name_n be_v very_o improper_o give_v by_o itself_o to_o domitian_n or_o trajan_n but_o do_v any_o of_o these_o roman_a author_n ever_o tell_v we_o the_o caledonian_n be_v scot_n if_o not_o to_o what_o end_n be_v the_o caledonian_n so_o much_o speak_v of_o as_o far_o as_o we_o can_v find_v by_o tacitus_n or_o dio_n or_o any_o other_o they_o be_v the_o northern_a britain_n and_o if_o tacitus_n have_v know_v that_o they_o come_v out_o of_o ireland_n and_o be_v a_o distinct_a nation_n he_o be_v so_o diligent_a and_o
judicious_a a_o writer_n he_o will_v never_o have_v omit_v the_o set_n it_o down_o when_o he_o give_v so_o punctual_a a_o account_n of_o the_o original_a of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o britain_n according_a to_o his_o best_a judgement_n and_o information_n and_o none_o can_v have_v better_o relate_v some_o thing_n concern_v ireland_n from_o agricola_n own_o mouth_n who_o be_v then_o the_o roman_a general_n against_o the_o caledonian_n and_o he_o say_v agricola_n have_v one_o of_o the_o king_n of_o ireland_n with_o he_o suppose_v we_o then_o the_o caledonian_n to_o have_v be_v scot_n come_v out_o of_o ireland_n be_v it_o possible_a that_o a_o irish_a king_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o inform_v agricola_n who_o these_o caledonian_n be_v or_o if_o tacitus_n have_v know_v any_o such_o thing_n will_v he_o have_v say_v the_o caledonian_n by_o the_o habit_n of_o their_o body_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o german_a extraction_n when_o he_o derive_v the_o silures_n from_o spain_n have_v it_o not_o be_v as_o easy_a for_o he_o to_o have_v derive_v the_o caledonian_n from_o spain_n through_o ireland_n if_o any_o such_o thing_n have_v be_v hear_v by_o he_o as_o that_o the_o caledonian_n be_v of_o ireland_n and_o come_v first_o out_o of_o spain_n thither_o but_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o plain_a than_o that_o tacitus_n take_v the_o caledonian_n for_o britain_n and_o so_o do_v galgacus_n in_o his_o excellent_a speech_n wherein_o he_o call_v they_o the_o noble_a of_o the_o britain_n and_o excite_v they_o to_o recover_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o tell_v they_o they_o fight_v the_o same_o cause_n with_o the_o other_o britain_n and_o now_o they_o be_v to_o show_v what_o sort_n of_o man_n caledonia_n have_v reserve_v for_o their_o common_a defence_n be_v tacitus_n so_o inconsiderate_a a_o writer_n to_o put_v such_o word_n into_o galgacus_n his_o mouth_n if_o he_o know_v or_o suspect_v the_o caledonian_n to_o be_v no_o britain_n but_o a_o different_a nation_n come_v out_o of_o ireland_n in_o the_o time_n that_o alexander_n take_v babylon_n have_v tacitus_n know_v any_o thing_n of_o this_o he_o will_v never_o have_v conceal_v it_o when_o he_o value_v himself_o upon_o his_o integrity_n in_o relate_v what_o he_o can_v find_v about_o the_o affair_n of_o britain_n and_o therefore_o tacitus_n his_o judgement_n in_o this_o matter_n be_v to_o be_v much_o prefer_v before_o scaliger_n criticism_n about_o the_o scoto-brigantes_a or_o the_o scoticae_fw-la pruinae_fw-la in_o spartian_n poet_n or_o any_o such_o uncertain_a conjecture_n and_o yet_o the_o scoto-brigantes_a may_v be_v irish_a where_o both_o scoti_n and_o brigantes_n be_v and_o so_o it_o prove_v nothing_o as_o to_o britain_n for_o claudius_n conquer_v ireland_n as_o much_o as_o scotland_n but_o it_o be_v more_o plausible_o urge_v that_o 12._o bede_n speak_v of_o the_o scot_n be_v a_o transmarine_a nation_n he_o explain_v himself_o by_o say_v that_o he_o mean_v not_o that_o they_o be_v out_o of_o britain_n but_o beyond_o the_o two_o frith_n therefore_o the_o scot_n then_o inhabit_v britain_n this_o be_v but_o a_o necessary_a explication_n for_o bede_n who_o use_v these_o word_n after_o he_o have_v confess_v before_o that_o the_o scot_n under_o reuda_n do_v settle_v in_o britain_n therefore_o when_o he_o use_v gildas_n his_o word_n he_o think_v it_o necessary_a to_o reconcile_v they_o with_o his_o own_o and_o so_o declare_v that_o he_o use_v transmarine_a now_o in_o another_o sense_n just_o as_o if_o a_o scotish_n writer_n in_o bede_n time_n have_v speak_v of_o the_o transmarine_a saxon_n use_v the_o word_n of_o a_o author_n who_o live_v before_o their_o come_n into_o britain_n and_o then_o shall_v explain_v himself_o that_o he_o do_v not_o mean_v the_o german_a saxon_n but_o those_o who_o live_v in_o britain_n beyond_o the_o two_o frith_n will_v this_o prove_v that_o the_o saxon_n live_v here_o before_o caesar_n time_n and_o if_o this_o be_v a_o argument_n clear_a to_o a_o demonstration_n some_o man_n demonstration_n will_v hardly_o amount_v to_o the_o strength_n of_o a_o probable_a argument_n and_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o fear_v no_o man_n way_n of_o reason_v more_o than_o those_o who_o talk_v most_o of_o demonstration_n what_o if_o st._n jerome_n mention_n the_o scoti_n from_o porphyry_n and_o the_o attacotti_n as_o a_o british_a nation_n what_o do_v this_o prove_v as_o to_o the_o scot_n inhabit_v britain_n so_o long_o ago_o can_v there_o be_v no_o scot_n but_o in_o britain_n when_o it_o be_v confess_v they_o come_v original_o out_o of_o ireland_n sidonius_n apollinaris_n do_v mention_v the_o scot_n and_o pict_n in_o his_o panegyric_n to_o 90._o authemius_n but_o what_o then_o who_o deny_v that_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n do_v then_o fight_v and_o be_v beat_v in_o britain_n but_o can_v not_o they_o be_v beat_v here_o then_o unless_o they_o come_v into_o britain_n before_o julius_n caesar_n be_v this_o clear_a to_o a_o demonstration_n but_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o in_o the_o verse_n before_o he_o call_v the_o caledonian_n britain_n even_n then_o victricia_n caesar_n signa_n caledonios_n transvexit_fw-la ad_fw-la usque_fw-la britannos_fw-la fuderit_fw-la &_o quanquam_fw-la scotum_n &_o cum_fw-la saxone_n pictum_fw-la where_o it_o be_v evident_a he_o distinguish_v the_o caledonian_n britain_n from_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n but_o claudian_a mention_n the_o scot_n as_o settle_v in_o britain_n before_o his_o time_n if_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o fall_v very_o much_o short_a of_o alexander_n or_o julius_n caesar_n time_n yet_o there_o appear_v no_o demonstration_n for_o it_o his_o word_n be_v 33._o scotorum_fw-la cumulos_fw-la flevit_fw-la glacialis_fw-la jerne_n but_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a place_n in_o scotland_n call_v by_o that_o name_n i_o will_v not_o dispute_v it_o but_o be_v we_o sure_a that_o claudian_n know_v it_o by_o that_o name_n be_v that_o so_o considerable_a to_o be_v take_v such_o notice_n of_o by_o the_o roman_a writer_n be_v not_o ireland_n then_o call_v jerne_n by_o he_o and_o do_v he_o not_o mention_v the_o scot_n move_v all_o jerne_n 251._o totam_fw-la cùm_fw-la scotus_n jernen_fw-ge movit_fw-la &_o infesto_fw-la spumavit_fw-la remige_fw-la tethys_n and_o be_v not_o this_o very_a poetical_a to_o say_v he_o move_v all_o a_o certain_a little_a part_n of_o scotland_n from_o whence_o they_o may_v pass_v beyond_o the_o wall_n without_o so_o much_o as_o touch_v the_o ocean_n must_v these_o thing_n pass_v for_o demonstration_n too_o i_o mention_v these_o evidence_n which_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o cause_n be_v lay_v upon_o to_o show_v how_o far_o these_o antiquity_n be_v still_o from_o be_v clear_v to_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o impartial_a men._n for_o i_o have_v no_o luddus_n my_o kinsman_n nor_o buchanan_n my_o enemy_n i_o search_v for_o nothing_o but_o truth_n in_o such_o inquiry_n it_o be_v as_o much_o to_o my_o satisfaction_n that_o the_o scot_n come_v into_o britain_n in_o alexander_n time_n as_o any_o time_n after_o if_o it_o can_v be_v as_o well_o prove_v but_o it_o do_v not_o become_v the_o ingenuity_n of_o learned_a man_n when_o all_o judicious_a person_n in_o the_o nation_n about_o we_o have_v reject_v their_o fabulous_a antiquity_n to_o adhere_v to_o they_o without_o produce_v better_a proof_n of_o they_o and_o that_o with_o so_o much_o violence_n as_o if_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o the_o succession_n of_o the_o royal_a family_n be_v concern_v in_o they_o which_o have_v far_o strong_a ground_n to_o stand_v upon_o than_o the_o authority_n of_o hector_n boethius_n or_o the_o race_n of_o king_n between_o the_o two_o ferguss_n or_o the_o certain_a time_n when_o the_o scot_n come_v first_o into_o britain_n have_v thus_o far_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o antiquity_n relate_v to_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n the_o mortal_a enemy_n of_o the_o britain_n i_o now_o come_v to_o pursue_v my_o main_a design_n which_o relate_v to_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o british_a church_n who_o decline_a state_n and_o condition_n i_o be_o now_o arrive_v at_o and_o the_o first_o occasion_n thereof_o be_v the_o lay_v they_o open_a to_o the_o fury_n of_o their_o great_a enemy_n the_o pict_n and_o the_o scot_n it_o be_v impossible_a for_o we_o to_o set_v down_o the_o punctual_a time_n when_o the_o scot_n and_o the_o pict_n first_o join_v their_o force_n together_o to_o give_v disturbance_n to_o the_o britain_n but_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o they_o do_v so_o towards_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o four_o century_n for_o 1._o ammianus_n marcellinus_n speak_v of_o the_o incursion_n they_o make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o constantius_n when_o julian_n be_v caesar_n an._n dom._n 360._o he_o say_v that_o julian_n be_v then_o at_o paris_n dare_v not_o go_v over_o to_o the_o assistence_n of_o the_o britain_n against_o the_o scot_n and_o the_o pict_n as_o constans_n have_v do_v
print_v but_o to_o return_v to_o vossius_fw-la who_o be_v not_o spare_v in_o mention_v any_o of_o our_o mss._n historian_n which_o he_o find_v well_o attest_v and_o particular_o aelredus_n abbot_n of_o rhieval_n who_o write_v the_o life_n of_o david_n king_n of_o scot_n 22._o but_o the_o advocate_n tell_v we_o some_o news_n concern_v he_o viz._n that_o he_o be_v abbot_n of_o mailros_n which_o be_v call_v ryval_n before_o king_n david_n be_v time_n but_o fordon_n express_o distinguish_v the_o two_o monastery_n of_o rieval_n and_o melros_n the_o one_o 43._o he_o say_v be_v found_v by_o king_n david_n a._n d._n 1132._o and_o the_o latter_a four_o year_n after_o and_o in_o the_o chronicle_n of_o melros_n it_o appear_v that_o richard_n be_v the_o first_o abbot_n there_o to_o who_o waltheof_n succeed_v uncle_n to_o king_n malcolm_n a._n d._n 1148._o who_o succeed_v king_n david_n a._n d._n 1153._o after_o waltheof_n william_n be_v abbot_n of_o mailros_n a._n d._n 1159._o after_o he_o jocelin_n a._n d._n 1170._o in_o the_o mean_a time_n aelredus_n die_v abbot_n of_o rieval_n a._n d._n 1167._o and_o silvanus_n be_v choose_v in_o his_o place_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o abbey_n of_o melros_n and_o rieval_n be_v always_o distinct_a from_o their_o first_o foundation_n and_o that_o alredus_n be_v never_o abbot_n of_o melros_n this_o aelredus_n may_v be_v call_v a_o scotish_n historian_n for_o his_o lamentation_n of_o king_n david_n extant_a both_o in_o fordon_n and_o elphinston_n but_o i_o can_v find_v nothing_o of_o his_o writing_n relate_v to_o the_o scotish_n antiquity_n i_o know_v he_o write_v a_o chronicon_fw-la which_o boston_n of_o bury_n who_o call_v he_o adelredus_n say_v be_v deduce_v from_o adam_n to_o henry_n i._n but_o if_o there_o have_v be_v any_o thing_n in_o it_o to_o their_o purpose_n those_o author_n who_o cite_v a_o great_a deal_n out_o of_o it_o relate_v to_o our_o saxon_a king_n will_v never_o have_v omit_v what_o have_v be_v much_o more_o material_a to_o their_o history_n turgott_n be_v likewise_o mention_v by_o vossius_fw-la though_o a_o ms._n historian_n 48._o because_o he_o see_v very_o good_a evidence_n for_o his_o writing_n some_o part_n of_o the_o scotish_n history_n he_o live_v say_v the_o advocate_n a._n d._n 1098._o i_o grant_v that_o he_o be_v frequent_o cite_v by_o fordon_n and_o elphinston_n for_o the_o act_n of_o malcolm_n and_o margaret_n which_o he_o write_v but_o i_o can_v find_v no_o more_o out_o of_o he_o than_o out_o of_o aelred_n as_o to_o their_o remote_a antiquity_n although_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v leave_v out_o very_o little_a of_o what_o turgott_n write_v but_o i_o wonder_v how_o the_o advocate_n come_v to_o discover_v turgott_v to_o have_v be_v arcshbishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n 35._o when_o dempster_n can_v have_v inform_v he_o that_o there_o be_v no_o archbishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n till_o 300_o year_n after_o 1143._o and_o he_o may_v have_v find_v in_o fordon_n that_o there_o be_v no_o archbishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n till_o after_o james_n kennedy_n 48._o who_o be_v bishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n a._n d._n 1440._o and_o be_v nephew_n to_o james_n i._o but_o after_o his_o death_n patrick_n graham_n first_o obtain_v the_o metropolitan_a right_n to_o the_o see_v of_o st._n andrews_n but_o it_o be_v not_o quiet_o enjoy_v till_o his_o successor_n will._n sheve_n come_v into_o possession_n of_o his_o place_n 24._o but_o there_o be_v in_o fordon_n a_o account_n of_o the_o succession_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o pict_n which_o be_v whole_o leave_v out_o in_o elphinston_n and_o there_o turgott_n be_v say_v to_o be_v consecrate_v bishop_n a._n d._n 1109._o and_o to_o continue_v there_o seven_o year_n st._n andrews_n be_v before_o call_v kilremont_n as_o appear_v by_o fordon_n who_o call_v they_o the_o bishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n de_fw-fr kilremont_n kil_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o scotish_n historian_n be_v a_o place_n of_o devotion_n kilruil_n be_v the_o church_n of_o regulus_n as_o hector_n say_v st._n andrews_n be_v call_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o kilremont_n as_o be_v the_o royal_a seat_n and_o the_o principal_a church_n for_o remont_n be_v mons_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o from_o hence_o the_o clergy_n of_o this_o church_n be_v call_v killedees_n from_o which_o title_n the_o fiction_n of_o the_o ancient_a culdee_n come_v as_o the_o bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n have_v true_o observe_v 42._o these_o killedees_n have_v the_o ancient_a right_n of_o choose_v the_o bishop_n and_o be_v first_o exclude_v as_o fordon_n say_v by_o william_n wishart_n a._n d._n 1273._o and_o next_o by_o william_n fraser_n 4â—_n after_o he_o by_o william_n lamberton_n upon_o which_o william_n cume_a keldeorum_fw-la praepositus_fw-la i._n e._n dean_n of_o the_o church_n appeal_v to_o rome_n but_o be_v overrule_v there_o but_o the_o learned_a primate_n of_o armagh_n follow_v dempster_n too_o much_o â—59_n call_v he_o auminus_fw-la and_o yet_o dempster_n quote_v the_o scotichronicon_n for_o it_o where_o it_o be_v plain_o william_n cume_a but_o that_o the_o killdee_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n of_o st._n andrews_n not_o only_o appear_v by_o their_o right_n of_o election_n of_o the_o bishop_n but_o by_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o jurisdiction_n in_o the_o vacancy_n of_o the_o see_v which_o fordon_n say_v be_v in_o they_o i_o shall_v not_o so_o much_o have_v insist_v on_o this_o mistake_n of_o the_o advocate_n in_o make_v turgott_n archbishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n if_o he_o have_v not_o so_o severe_o reflect_v on_o the_o bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n for_o make_v fordon_n a_o monk_n 34._o as_o though_o he_o do_v it_o mere_o for_o his_o own_o conveniency_n to_o show_v he_o interest_v for_o the_o independency_n of_o monk_n and_o caldee_n from_o the_o bishop_n i_o grant_v it_o be_v a_o mistake_n but_o not_o design_v and_o a_o very_a pardonable_a one_o since_o dempster_n say_v some_o think_v he_o a_o monk_n 543._o and_o he_o can_v not_o find_v of_o what_o condition_n he_o be_v and_o yet_o he_o say_v he_o read_v he_o and_o vossius_fw-la make_v joh._n the_o fordon_n a_o monk_n in_o king_n john_n time_n 56._o author_n of_o the_o scotichronicon_n this_o book_n of_o fordon_n the_o advocate_n say_v be_v so_o esteem_v that_o there_o be_v copy_n of_o it_o in_o most_o of_o their_o monastery_n 34._o and_o he_o say_v do_v agree_v with_o their_o ancient_a annal_n which_o i_o think_v will_v appear_v by_o the_o precedent_a discourse_n not_o to_o be_v much_o to_o the_o advantage_n of_o his_o cause_n and_o so_o much_o for_o the_o authority_n of_o their_o annal_n and_o historian_n from_o the_o original_a druid_n and_o bard_n to_o fordon_n and_o elphinston_n have_v thus_o go_v through_o the_o most_o material_a point_n which_o i_o have_v not_o distinct_o answer_v in_o the_o follow_a book_n there_o remain_v only_o some_o few_o thing_n which_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o be_v far_o clear_v as_o 1._o the_o testimony_n of_o eumenius_n in_o his_o panegyric_n to_o constantius_n from_o whence_o the_o advocate_n prove_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o caesar_n there_o be_v another_o nation_n beside_o the_o pict_n who_o then_o inhabit_v britain_n 68_o and_o be_v a_o colony_n of_o the_o irish_a and_o these_o must_v certain_o have_v be_v scot_n the_o question_n be_v not_o whether_o there_o be_v not_o according_a to_o eumenius_n pict_n and_o irish_a which_o the_o britain_n fight_v with_o in_o caesaâ—'s_n time_n just_a as_o sidonius_n apollinaris_n say_v that_o caesar_n conquer_v the_o pict_n and_o saxon_n in_o britain_n â—0_n which_o be_v such_o another_o prolepsis_n as_o sirmondus_n observe_v who_o make_v the_o come_n of_o the_o scot_n into_o britain_n after_o the_o saxon_n and_o he_o be_v a_o judicious_a critic_n and_o antiquary_n but_o the_o true_a question_n be_v whether_o eumenius_n affirm_v that_o those_o irish_a then_o dwell_v in_o britain_n yes_o say_v buchanan_n 2._o soli_fw-la britanni_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o the_o genitive_a case_n and_o so_o these_o word_n relate_v to_o the_o pict_n and_o irish_a of_o the_o british_a soil_n no_o say_v the_o bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n they_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o the_o nominative_a case_n and_o so_o they_o set_v forth_o the_o advantage_n in_o constantius_n his_o victory_n over_o a_o roman_a legion_n above_o that_o of_o julius_n caesar_n who_o fight_v only_o with_o the_o britain_n a_o rude_a people_n and_o accustom_a to_o no_o other_o enemy_n but_o pict_n and_o irish_a a_o half_a naked_a people_n the_o word_n be_v thus_o print_v in_o the_o late_a paris_n edition_n after_o the_o compare_v of_o several_a mss._n by_o claudius_n puteanus_n and_o therefore_o more_o correct_a than_o the_o plantin_n edition_n ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la natio_fw-la etiam_fw-la
tunc_fw-la rudis_fw-la &_o soli_fw-la britanni_n pictis_fw-la modo_fw-la &_o hibernis_fw-la assueta_fw-la hostibus_fw-la adhuc_fw-la feminudis_fw-la facile_fw-la romanis_n armis_fw-la signÃsque_fw-la cesserunt_fw-la the_o design_n of_o the_o orator_n be_v to_o lessen_v the_o reputation_n of_o caesar_n victory_n in_o comparison_n of_o that_o of_o constantius_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n it_o be_v very_o material_a to_o show_v that_o he_o fight_v with_o the_o britain_n alone_a who_o be_v themselves_o a_o rude_a people_n and_o have_v no_o other_o enemy_n but_o such_o as_o be_v as_o rude_a as_o themselves_o the_o pict_n and_o irish._n now_o to_o what_o great_a purpose_n be_v it_o for_o he_o to_o say_v that_o the_o britain_n fight_v with_o the_o irish_a of_o the_o british_a soil_n be_v they_o so_o much_o better_o discipline_v and_o so_o much_o more_o famous_a among_o the_o roman_n for_o deed_n of_o arm_n than_o the_o original_a irish_a that_o such_o a_o emphasis_n must_v be_v lay_v upon_o that_o but_o the_o advocate_n say_v the_o comparison_n lie_v in_o this_o 72._o that_o then_o they_o have_v be_v use_v only_o to_o the_o pict_n and_o irish_a but_o constantius_n overcome_v they_o when_o they_o have_v be_v long_o train_v up_o in_o war._n but_o if_o he_o have_v be_v please_v to_o have_v read_v the_o next_o paragraph_n he_o will_v have_v find_v the_o orator_n take_v no_o notice_n of_o the_o britain_n great_a experience_n in_o war_n but_o of_o a_o roman_a legion_n corrupt_v foreign_a soldier_n and_o gallican_n merchant_n draw_v out_o of_o the_o province_n to_o strengthen_v carausius_n and_o allectus_n in_o their_o rebellion_n so_o that_o the_o comparison_n lie_v between_o the_o britain_n alone_a in_o caesar_n time_n and_o the_o strength_n of_o a_o well_o discipline_v roman_a army_n in_o the_o time_n of_o constantius_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o according_a to_o eumenius_n his_o own_o manner_n of_o speak_v if_o he_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o buchanan_n sense_n it_o shall_v have_v be_v soli_fw-la britannici_fw-la for_o the_o british_a soil_n for_o so_o he_o have_v victoria_fw-la britannica_fw-la at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o same_o oration_n and_o in_o another_o britannica_fw-la trophaea_fw-la so_o that_o neither_o sense_n nor_o grammar_n do_v favour_n buchanan_n construction_n 70._o but_o he_o say_v joseph_n scaliger_n approve_v buchanan_n be_v construction_n in_o his_o note_n on_o tibullus_n i_o have_v search_v the_o place_n and_o can_v find_v no_o such_o thing_n but_o i_o be_o afraid_a he_o mistake_v his_o own_o note_n for_o there_o scaliger_n speak_v about_o the_o scoto-brigantes_n and_o which_o be_v more_o he_o say_v the_o scot_n be_v yet_o in_o ireland_n and_o because_o he_o be_v so_o accustom_a to_o maxim_n of_o law_n i_o shall_v put_v he_o in_o mind_n of_o one_o that_o a_o witness_v which_o a_o man_n bring_v for_o himself_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o receive_v against_o himself_o 2._o as_o to_o claudian_n expression_n scotorum_fw-la cumulos_fw-la flevit_fw-la glacialis_fw-la jerne_n he_o say_v this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o ireland_n 85._o but_o of_o a_o country_n of_o scotland_n of_o that_o name_n near_o to_o which_o the_o roman_n have_v a_o camp_n the_o remainder_n whereof_o be_v still_o discernible_a and_o in_o which_o there_o be_v stone_n find_v with_o roman_a inscription_n design_v the_o station_n of_o the_o legion_n and_o strathern_a in_o scotland_n be_v more_o subject_n to_o long_a frost_n than_o ireland_n be_v this_o i_o confess_v be_v ingenious_o observe_v but_o i_o do_v not_o understand_v what_o the_o roman_a inscription_n prove_v as_o to_o the_o scot_n be_v in_o those_o part_n of_o britain_n if_o the_o question_n be_v about_o the_o roman_n they_o will_v be_v of_o some_o use_n i_o do_v not_o deny_v that_o strathern_n have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o river_n ern_n and_o the_o country_n may_v in_o latin_a be_v call_v jerne_n from_o thence_o but_o how_o do_v it_o appear_v that_o claudian_a or_o the_o roman_n know_v it_o by_o that_o name_n we_o be_v certain_a that_o jerne_n common_o pass_v for_o ireland_n among_o they_o and_o that_o it_o be_v then_o account_v the_o country_n of_o the_o scot_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o express_a testimony_n of_o orosius_n 2._o who_o live_v in_o that_o age._n and_o dempster_n 3._o who_o fix_v the_o scot_n in_o britain_n long_v before_o yet_o be_v so_o convince_v by_o these_o word_n of_o claudian_n that_o they_o be_v in_o ireland_n that_o he_o suppose_v they_o drive_v thither_o by_o theodosius_n and_o there_o destroy_v by_o he_o and_o claudian_n explain_v himself_o elsewhere_o when_o he_o say_v 251._o totam_fw-la cum_fw-la scotus_n jernen_fw-ge movit_fw-la &_o infesto_fw-la spumavit_fw-la remige_fw-la tethys_n where_o it_o seem_v ridiculous_a to_o say_v that_o the_o scot_n put_v all_o strathern_a into_o commotion_n and_o this_o jerne_n have_v the_o sea_n lie_v between_o it_o and_o britain_n in_o who_o name_n claudian_n speak_v and_o buchanan_n understand_v this_o of_o ireland_n 16._o 103._o 3._o he_o urge_v the_o great_a improbability_n that_o the_o scot_n shall_v manage_v so_o long_a a_o war_n for_o 600_o year_n and_o not_o settle_v in_o britain_n but_o this_o be_v that_o which_o be_v call_v beg_v the_o question_n for_o the_o dispute_n be_v how_o long_o the_o scot_n in_o britain_n do_v make_v war_n upon_o the_o britain_n claudian_n say_v in_o his_o time_n the_o scot_n come_v from_o jerne_n and_o make_v the_o sea_n foam_n with_o their_o oar_n gildas_n say_v the_o irish_a usual_o return_v home_o epist._n intend_v to_o come_v back_o and_o the_o pict_n then_o rest_v for_o a_o time_n in_o the_o farthermost_a part_n of_o the_o isle_n why_o shall_v not_o gildas_n have_v say_v that_o the_o irish_a and_o pict_n go_v back_o to_o the_o remote_a part_n of_o the_o island_n if_o they_o both_o inhabit_v there_o at_o that_o time_n if_o gildas_n his_o authority_n be_v allow_v in_o this_o case_n i_o think_v it_o be_v clear_a enough_o to_o decide_v the_o controversy_n jossel_n for_o 1._o upon_o maximus_n his_o withdraw_v the_o roman_a legion_n and_o british_a infantry_n which_o never_o return_v he_o say_v the_o britain_n be_v then_o first_o infest_a with_o two_o cruel_a transmarine_a nation_n the_o scot_n from_o the_o south-west_n and_o the_o pict_n from_o the_o north._n if_o there_o have_v be_v a_o war_n of_o 600_o year_n from_o before_o julius_n caesar_n time_n as_o the_o advocate_n say_v how_o come_v gildas_n to_o be_v so_o extreme_o mistake_v as_o to_o say_v the_o first_o war_n begin_v after_o maximus_n his_o withdraw_v the_o roman_a militia_n 14._o 2._o he_o still_o speak_v of_o their_o come_n by_o sea_n and_o carry_v away_o their_o anniversary_n prey_n beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o trans_fw-la maria_fw-la fugaverunt_fw-la say_v he_o of_o the_o roman_a force_n drive_v they_o back_o how_o come_v gildas_n still_o to_o mention_v the_o sea_n if_o they_o then_o inhabit_v the_o same_o island_n 103._o but_o the_o advocate_n say_v that_o by_o sea_n the_o frith_n be_v understand_v and_o that_o in_o their_o old_a law_n the_o frith_n of_o forth_o be_v call_v mare_fw-la scotiae_fw-la the_o sea_n of_o scotland_n and_o the_o frith_n of_o dumbritton_n be_v call_v one_o part_n of_o the_o mare_n scoticum_n by_o the_o english_a author_n and_o this_o passage_n to_o and_o fro_o he_o make_v to_o be_v easy_a but_o the_o other_o home_n to_o ireland_n almost_o impossible_a with_o their_o boat_n in_o the_o irish_a sea_n from_o whence_o he_o say_v that_o the_o bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n be_v hypothesis_n be_v absurd_a and_o incredible_a but_o his_o very_a consistent_a to_o clear_v this_o we_o may_v observe_v 1._o that_o to_o make_v these_o frith_n to_o be_v call_v sea_n not_o improper_o he_o say_v 103._o they_o be_v 40_o mile_n broad_a in_o some_o place_n and_o so_o make_v the_o passage_n more_o difficult_a over_o they_o than_o from_o ireland_n to_o scotland_n for_o as_o camden_n observe_v 706._o there_o be_v hardly_o 13_o mile_n distance_n between_o some_o part_n of_o scotland_n and_o ireland_n but_o this_o be_v to_o demonstrate_v the_o consistency_n of_o his_o own_o hypothesis_n and_o the_o absurdity_n of_o the_o bishop_n 2._o the_o irish_a writer_n say_v 254._o their_o currogh_n or_o light_a boat_n cover_v with_o leather_n be_v very_o convenient_a for_o transport_v a_o army_n though_o not_o so_o proper_a for_o a_o sea-fight_n adamnanus_fw-la in_o the_o life_n of_o st._n columba_n describe_v one_o of_o they_o in_o which_o st._n cormac_n go_v to_o sea_n lection_n with_o all_o the_o part_n of_o a_o ship_n and_o with_o sail_n and_o oar_n and_o a_o capacity_n for_o passenger_n and_o he_o say_v he_o be_v out_o at_o sea_n 14_o day_n northward_o in_o it_o now_o what_o absurdity_n or_o incredibility_n be_v there_o in_o it_o that_o such_o vessel_n shall_v convey_v the_o irish_a forward_o and_o backward_o over_o so_o narrow_a
wonder_v at_o the_o advocate_n be_v look_v on_o baronius_n as_o more_o disintere_v when_o the_o conversion_n from_o a_o pope_n be_v in_o question_n which_o show_v he_o to_o be_v such_o a_o stranger_n to_o baronius_n that_o one_o will_v think_v he_o have_v never_o look_v into_o he_o for_o dempster_n be_v displease_v with_o baronius_n 6._o as_o one_o injurious_a to_o their_o nation_n as_o to_o this_o first_o conversion_n say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o christian_n in_o scotland_n before_o palladius_n but_o such_o as_o flee_v thither_o out_o of_o this_o part_n of_o britain_n because_o of_o persecution_n and_o baronius_n do_v wonder_n that_o such_o a_o conversion_n shall_v be_v omit_v not_o only_o by_o bede_n but_o by_o marianus_n scotus_n 2._o 5._o the_o magdeburgian_n century_n he_o say_v 117._o agree_v with_o baronius_n and_o these_o be_v the_o standard_n of_o ecclesiastic_a history_n to_o the_o professor_n of_o both_o religion_n he_o have_v as_o good_a have_v say_v they_o be_v the_o hercules_n pillar_n and_o there_o be_v no_o passage_n beyond_o they_o but_o no_o learned_a professor_n of_o either_o religion_n allow_v these_o to_o be_v standard_n how_o many_o error_n in_o baronius_n have_v be_v discover_v by_o the_o learned_a antiquary_n of_o his_o own_o communion_n what_o complaint_n have_v be_v make_v of_o his_o partiality_n to_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n not_o only_o by_o the_o sorbonist_n but_o by_o the_o king_n advocate_n in_o france_n and_o as_o to_o the_o magdeburgian_o we_o commend_v they_o for_o their_o noble_a attempt_n and_o great_a diligence_n and_o industry_n but_o matter_n of_o ecclesiastic_a antiquity_n be_v extreme_o improve_v since_o that_o time_n more_o ancient_a author_n have_v be_v publish_v out_o of_o mss._n and_o better_a edition_n by_o compare_v the_o author_n before_o print_v with_o mss._n and_o many_o counterfeit_a author_n discover_v and_o far_o great_a inquiry_n have_v be_v make_v into_o all_o part_n of_o ecclesiastic_a antiquity_n so_o that_o after_o so_o many_o new_a discovery_n to_o make_v these_o the_o standard_n be_v almost_o as_o absurd_a as_o to_o make_v ptolemy_n the_o standard_n for_o modern_a geography_n we_o do_v not_o disparage_v what_o he_o have_v do_v when_o we_o say_v many_o thing_n have_v be_v find_v out_o since_o his_o time_n 2._o as_o to_o the_o mission_n of_o palladius_n into_o scotland_n 114._o the_o advocate_n insist_o on_o these_o three_o thing_n 1._o that_o bede_n affirm_v that_o he_o be_v send_v to_o the_o scot_n in_o britain_n 2._o that_o there_o be_v no_o probability_n in_o the_o circumstance_n of_o his_o be_v send_v into_o ireland_n 119._o 3._o that_o dr._n hammond_n yield_v that_o the_o scot_n be_v convert_v before_o celestine_n be_v time_n 122._o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o palladius_n be_v send_v bishop_n to_o they_o to_o these_o particular_n i_o shall_v give_v a_o distinct_a answer_n 1._o to_o bede_n testimony_n he_o affirm_v 13._o that_o in_o the_o eight_o of_o theodosius_n the_o young_a palladius_n be_v send_v by_o celestine_n the_o first_o bishop_n to_o the_o scot_n believe_v in_o christ._n wherein_o bede_n only_o apply_v prosper_n word_n to_o the_o eight_o of_o theodosius_n which_o he_o have_v place_v under_o bassus_n and_o antiochus_n consul_n but_o he_o do_v not_o determine_v whether_o these_o scot_n be_v in_o ireland_n or_o in_o britain_n but_o the_o advocate_n say_v all_o that_o which_o bede_n say_v before_o and_o after_o concern_v the_o scot_n relate_v to_o the_o scot_n in_o britain_n and_o therefore_o these_o word_n be_v so_o to_o be_v understand_v whereas_o bede_n in_o the_o very_a beginning_n declare_v that_o ireland_n be_v the_o proper_a country_n of_o the_o scot_n 1._o and_o that_o dumbritton_n frith_n do_v ancient_o separate_v the_o pict_n and_o the_o britain_n but_o the_o scot_n come_v afterward_o to_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o that_o frith_n there_o settle_v themselves_o which_o word_n do_v evident_o prove_v that_o bede_n do_v not_o look_v on_o the_o scot_n as_o ancient_a inhabitant_n there_o for_o than_o he_o will_v have_v say_v that_o the_o frith_n do_v antiquitus_fw-la gentem_fw-la britonum_fw-la à _fw-la scotis_n secernere_fw-la but_o he_o never_o mention_n the_o scot_n but_o the_o pict_n as_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n on_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o frith_n but_o say_v the_o advocate_n 60._o bede_n be_v title_n of_o his_o chapter_n be_v of_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o britain_n and_o he_o mention_n the_o scot_n among_o they_o very_o true_a but_o shall_v not_o bede_n explain_v himself_o who_o he_o mean_v by_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n viz._n the_o britain_n and_o pict_n for_o by_o the_o advocate_n be_v reason_v the_o saxon_n will_v be_v prove_v to_o have_v be_v in_o britain_n before_o julius_n caesar_n as_o well_o as_o the_o scot_n for_o they_o make_v up_o one_o of_o the_o five_o nation_n speak_v of_o in_o that_o first_o chapter_n and_o so_o bede_n do_v not_o only_o settle_v the_o scot_n and_o the_o pict_n in_o this_o country_n by_o his_o first_o chapter_n but_o the_o english_a too_o and_o it_o be_v a_o extraordinary_a sagacity_n that_o can_v discover_v this_o chapter_n in_o bede_n 65._o to_o be_v clear_a to_o a_o demonstration_n that_o he_o make_v the_o scot_n to_o be_v ancient_a inhabitant_n in_o britain_n whereas_o to_o my_o dull_a apprehension_n bede_n be_v clear_a the_o other_o way_n 146._o but_o the_o advocate_n proceed_v to_o show_v that_o the_o name_n of_o scot_n do_v original_o belong_v to_o the_o scot_n in_o britain_n and_o only_o by_o way_n of_o communication_n to_o those_o in_o ireland_n this_o be_v indeed_o to_o the_o purpose_n if_o it_o be_v prove_v and_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o more_o care_n in_o do_v it_o since_o it_o be_v so_o new_a and_o singular_a a_o opinion_n for_o even_o buchanan_n say_v that_o the_o irish_a be_v at_o first_o call_v scot_n 16._o and_o from_o thence_o they_o pass_v into_o albany_n 18.2_o and_o that_o by_o the_o name_n scot_n their_o come_n from_o the_o irish_a be_v declare_v joh._n major_n say_v 9_o that_o scotia_n among_o their_o ancestor_n be_v the_o common_a name_n for_o ireland_n and_o if_o their_o ancient_a annal_n may_v be_v believe_v the_o name_n of_o scot_n come_v from_o scota_n the_o wife_n of_o gathelus_n who_o posterity_n go_v first_o into_o ireland_n and_o then_o carry_v the_o name_n into_o scotland_n in_o fordon_n and_o elphinston_n there_o be_v another_o scota_n mention_v as_o a_o leader_n of_o the_o first_o colony_n into_o ireland_n who_o give_v the_o name_n to_o that_o country_n of_o scotia_n and_o joh._n major_n say_v she_o be_v the_o mother_n of_o hiber_n but_o whichsoever_o of_o these_o stand_v unless_o the_o advocate_n will_v at_o last_o give_v up_o the_o cause_n of_o their_o ancient_a annal_n which_o he_o have_v contend_v so_o warm_o for_o he_o must_v renounce_v this_o opinion_n of_o he_o that_o the_o name_n of_o scot_n do_v original_o belong_v to_o the_o albion_a scot_n and_o only_o by_o way_n of_o communication_n to_o the_o irish_a so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o need_n to_o produce_v the_o plain_a testimony_n of_o orosius_n bede_n and_o isidore_n 6._o which_o make_v ireland_n the_o proper_a country_n of_o the_o scot_n but_o it_o be_v a_o wonderful_a subtlety_n from_o hence_o to_o infer_v 151._o as_o the_o advocate_n do_v as_o if_o it_o may_v have_v be_v just_o doubt_v and_o be_v not_o true_a in_o all_o sense_n do_v he_o mean_v proper_a or_o improper_a sense_n their_o word_n be_v plain_a that_o ireland_n in_o a_o strict_a and_o proper_a sense_n be_v the_o country_n of_o the_o scot_n i._n e._n the_o patria_fw-la originis_fw-la though_o the_o other_o may_v afterward_o be_v patria_fw-la incolatus_fw-la &_o domicilii_fw-la as_o the_o advocate_n himself_o do_v distinguish_v 152._o but_o that_o which_o follow_v from_o hence_o be_v that_o if_o the_o scot_n come_v original_o from_o ireland_n than_o the_o name_n of_o scot_n do_v not_o original_o belong_v to_o the_o scot_n in_o britain_n but_o to_o those_o in_o ireland_n unless_o he_o can_v show_v that_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o name_n do_v agree_v to_o they_o only_o upon_o their_o removal_n into_o britain_n as_o to_o take_v his_o own_o instance_n no_o one_o will_v question_v that_o the_o colony_n of_o virginia_n be_v call_v english_a because_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v be_v so_o call_v but_o be_v not_o the_o irish_a call_v scot_n before_o they_o go_v into_o scotland_n if_o not_o that_o can_v not_o be_v propriè_fw-la scotorum_fw-la patria_fw-la as_o orosius_n and_o bede_n and_o isidore_n affirm_v as_o england_n can_v not_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o proper_a country_n of_o the_o english_a unless_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v call_v english_a and_o the_o colony_n of_o virginia_n receive_v its_o denomination_n of_o be_v english_a because_o they_o come_v from_o
pict_n and_o scot_n their_o mortal_a enemy_n p._n 242._o the_o true_a original_n of_o the_o pict_n from_o scandinavia_n p._n 246._o that_o name_n give_v to_o the_o new_a colony_n not_o to_o the_o old_a inhabitant_n p._n 241._o the_o scotish_n antiquity_n inquire_v into_o p._n 248._o fordon'_v account_n of_o they_o compare_v with_o that_o of_o hector_n boethius_n and_o buchanan_n p._n 250._o of_o veremundus_n cornelius_n hibernicus_n and_o their_o ancient_a annal_n p._n 255._o the_o modern_a plea_n for_o their_o antiquity_n consider_v p._n 261_o 282._o a_o account_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o ireland_n and_o of_o the_o authority_n of_o their_o tradition_n and_o annal_n compare_v with_o geffrey_n british_n antiquity_n in_o point_n of_o credibility_n p._n 266._o a_o true_a account_n of_o the_o fabulous_a antiquity_n of_o the_o northern_a nation_n p._n 277._o the_o first_o come_v of_o the_o scot_n into_o britain_n according_a to_o the_o irish_a writer_n p._n 280._o the_o first_o cause_n of_o the_o declension_n of_o the_o british_a church_n be_v the_o lay_v they_o open_a to_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n p._n 286._o of_o maximus_n his_o withdraw_v the_o roman_a force_n and_o the_o emperor_n send_v number_n of_o pict_n to_o draw_v they_o back_o p._n 288._o the_o miserable_a condition_n of_o the_o britain_n thus_o forsake_a and_o supply_v send_v they_o for_o a_o time_n and_o then_o take_v away_o p._n 293._o of_o the_o wall_n build_v for_o their_o security_n and_o the_o roman_a legion_n there_o place_v p._n 297._o the_o great_a degeneracy_n of_o manner_n among_o the_o britain_n p._n 302._o of_o intestine_a division_n and_o call_n in_o foreign_a assistence_n p._n 304._o of_o the_o saxon_n come_v who_o they_o be_v and_o whence_o they_o come_v p._n 305._o bede_n account_v examine_v and_o reconcile_v with_o the_o circumstance_n of_o those_o time_n p._n 313._o of_o the_o reason_n of_o vortigern_n calling_n in_o the_o saxon_n p._n 319._o of_o the_o dissatisfaction_n of_o the_o britain_n upon_o their_o come_n and_o vortigern_n league_n with_o they_o p._n 320._o of_o the_o valour_n of_o vortimer_n and_o aurelius_n ambrose_n against_o the_o saxon_n p._n 322._o the_o different_a account_n of_o the_o battle_n between_o the_o britain_n and_o saxon_n among_o our_o historian_n p._n 325._o the_o sad_a condition_n of_o the_o british_a church_n at_o that_o time_n ibid._n the_o imperfect_a account_n give_v by_o the_o british_a history_n p._n 332._o of_o king_n arthur_n story_n and_o success_n p._n 334._o of_o person_n in_o great_a reputation_n then_o in_o the_o british_a church_n and_o particular_o of_o st._n david_n p._n 346._o of_o the_o britain_n pass_v over_o to_o aremorica_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o that_o colony_n p._n 351._o gildas_n there_o write_v his_o epistle_n the_o scope_n and_o design_n of_o it_o p._n 354._o the_o british_a king_n he_o write_v to_o p._n 355._o the_o independency_n of_o the_o british_a church_n prove_v from_o their_o carriage_n towards_o augustin_n the_o monk_n p._n 356._o the_o particular_n of_o that_o story_n clear_v and_o the_o whole_a conclude_v p._n 357._o a_o catalogue_n of_o book_n publish_v by_o the_o reverend_a edward_z stillingfleet_n d._n d._n dean_n of_o st._n paul_n and_o sell_v by_o henry_n mortlock_n at_o the_o phoenix_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n a_o rational_a account_n of_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o protestant_a religion_n be_v a_o vindication_n of_o the_o lord_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n relation_n of_o a_o conference_n etc._n etc._n from_o the_o pretend_a answer_n of_o t._n c._n wherein_o the_o true_a ground_n of_o faith_n be_v clear_v and_o the_o false_a discover_v the_o church_n of_o england_n vindicate_v from_o the_o imputation_n of_o schism_n and_o the_o most_o important_a particular_a controversy_n between_o we_o and_o those_o of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n thorough_o examine_v the_o second_o edition_n folio_n sermon_n preach_v upon_o several_a occasion_n with_o a_o discourse_n annex_v concern_v the_o true_a reason_n of_o the_o suffering_n of_o christ_n wherein_o crellius_n his_o answer_n to_o grotius_n be_v consider_v folio_n origines_fw-la britannicae_n or_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o british_a church_n with_o a_o preface_n concern_v some_o pretend_a antiquity_n relate_v to_o britain_n in_o vindication_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n folio_n irenicum_fw-la a_o weapon_n salve_fw-la for_o the_o church_n wound_n quarto_fw-la origines_fw-la sacrae_fw-la or_o a_o rational_a account_n of_o the_o ground_n of_o christian_a faith_n as_o to_o the_o truth_n and_o divine_a authority_n of_o the_o scripture_n and_o matter_n therein_o contain_v quarto_fw-la the_o unreasonableness_n of_o separation_n or_o a_o impartial_a account_n of_o the_o history_n nature_n and_o plea_n of_o the_o present_a separation_n from_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n to_o which_o several_a late_a letter_n be_v annex_v of_o eminent_a protestant_n divine_v abroad_o concern_v the_o nature_n of_o our_o difference_n and_o the_o way_n to_o compose_v they_o quarto_fw-la a_o discourse_n concern_v the_o idolatry_n practise_v in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o hazard_n of_o salvation_n in_o the_o communion_n of_o it_o in_o answer_n to_o some_o paper_n of_o a_o revolt_a protestant_n wherein_o a_o particular_a account_n be_v give_v of_o the_o fanaticism_n and_o division_n of_o that_o church_n octavo_fw-la a_o answer_n to_o several_a late_a treatise_n occasion_v by_o a_o book_n entitle_v a_o discourse_n concern_v the_o idolatry_n practise_v in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o hazard_n of_o salvation_n in_o the_o communion_n of_o it_o the_o first_o part_n octavo_fw-la a_o second_o discourse_n in_o vindication_n of_o the_o protestant_a ground_n of_o faith_n against_o the_o pretence_n of_o infallibility_n in_o the_o roman_a church_n in_o answer_n to_o the_o guide_n in_o controversy_n by_o r._n h._n protestancy_n without_o principle_n and_o reason_n and_o religion_n or_o the_o certain_a rule_n of_o faith_n by_o e._n w._n with_o a_o particular_a enquiry_n into_o the_o miracle_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n octavo_fw-la a_o answer_n to_o mr._n cressy_n epistle_n apologetical_a to_o a_o person_n of_o honour_n touch_v his_o vindication_n of_o dr._n still_v fleet_n octavo_fw-la a_o defence_n of_o the_o discourse_n concern_v the_o idolatry_n practise_v in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n in_o answer_n to_o a_o book_n entitle_v catholic_n no_n idolater_n octavo_fw-la several_a conference_n between_o a_o romish_a priest_n a_o fanatic_a chaplain_n and_o a_o divine_a of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n be_v a_o full_a answer_n to_o the_o late_a dialogue_n of_o t._n g._n octavo_fw-la the_o grand_a question_n concern_v the_o bishop_n right_o to_o vote_n in_o parliament_n in_o case_n capital_a state_v and_o argue_v from_o the_o parliament_n roll_n and_o the_o history_n of_o former_a time_n with_o a_o enquiry_n into_o their_o peerage_n and_o the_o three_o estate_n in_o parliament_n octavo_fw-la sermon_n preach_v upon_o several_a occasion_n by_o edward_n stillingfleet_n d._n d._n dean_n of_o st._n paul_n not_o yet_o collect_v into_o a_o volume_n the_o reformation_n justify_v in_o a_o sermon_n preach_v at_o guildhall_n chapel_n sept._n 21._o 1673._o before_o the_o lord_n mayor_n etc._n etc._n upon_o act_n xxiv_o 14._o a_o sermon_n preach_v nou._n 5._o 1673._o at_o st._n margaret_n westminster_n upon_o matt._n vii_o 15_o 16._o a_o sermon_n preach_v before_o the_o king_n at_o whitehall_n feb._n 24._o 1674_o 3._o upon_o heb._n iii_o 13._o a_o sermon_n preach_v on_o the_o fastday_n nou._n 13._o 1678._o at_o st._n margaret_n westminster_n before_o the_o honourable_a house_n of_o commons_o upon_o 1_o sam._n xii_o 24_o 25._o a_o sermon_n preach_v before_o the_o king_n at_o whitehall_n march_v 7._o 1678_o 9_o upon_o matt._n x._o 16._o the_o mischief_n of_o separation_n a_o sermon_n preach_v at_o guildhall_n chapel_n may_v 11._o 1680._o before_o the_o lord_n mayor_n etc._n etc._n upon_o phil._n iii_o 16._o protestant_n charity_n a_o sermon_n preach_v at_o s._n sepulchre_n church_n on_o tuesday_n in_o easter_n week_n 1681._o before_o the_o lord_n mayor_n etc._n etc._n upon_o galat._n vi_o 9_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o superstition_n a_o sermon_n preach_v at_o st._n dunstan_n west_n march_v 31._o 1682._o upon_o colos._n ii_o 23._o a_o sermon_n preach_v before_o the_o king_n feb._n 15._o 1683_o 4._o upon_o job_n xxiii_o 15._o a_o sermon_n preach_v at_o a_o public_a ordination_n at_o st._n peter_n cornhill_n march_v 15._o 1684_o 5_o upon_o 1_o tim._n v._o 22._o the_o antiquity_n of_o nottinghamshire_n extract_v out_o of_o record_n original_a evidence_n leaguer_n book_n and_o other_o manuscript_n and_o authentic_a authority_n beautify_v with_o map_n prospect_n and_o portraiture_n by_o robert_n thoroton_n dr._n of_o physic_n folio_n the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o british-churche_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o first_o plant_v a_o christian_a church_n in_o britain_n by_o st._n paul_n
examine_v several_a testimony_n of_o origen_n concern_v the_o british_a church_n in_o his_o time_n the_o different_a tradition_n about_o king_n lucius_n the_o state_n of_o the_o roman_a province_n here_o overthrow_v his_o be_v king_n over_o all_o britain_n great_a probability_n there_o be_v such_o a_o king_n in_o some_o part_n of_o it_o and_o then_o convert_v to_o christianity_n a_o conjecture_n propose_v in_o what_o part_n of_o britain_n he_o reign_v the_o most_o probable_a mean_n of_o his_o conversion_n and_o the_o story_n clear_v from_o monkish_a fable_n of_o dioclesian_n persecution_n in_o britain_n and_o the_o stop_n of_o it_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o constantius_n the_o flourish_a of_o the_o british_a church_n under_o constantine_n the_o reason_n only_o of_o three_o british_a bishop_n present_a at_o the_o council_n of_o arles_n the_o great_a antiquity_n of_o episcopal_a government_n here_o of_o the_o flamen_fw-la and_o archiflamines_fw-la of_o geffrey_n of_o monmouth_n how_o far_o agreeable_a to_o the_o roman_a constitution_n maximinus_n set_v up_o a_o pagan_a hierarchy_n in_o imitation_n of_o the_o christian._n the_o canon_n of_o the_o council_n of_o arles_n not_o send_v to_o the_o pope_n to_o confirm_v but_o to_o publish_v they_o have_v show_v the_o great_a probability_n of_o the_o plant_n a_o christian_a church_n here_o in_o the_o apostle_n time_n and_o that_o by_o st._n paul_n i_o be_o now_o to_o consider_v the_o succession_n of_o this_o church_n of_o which_o we_o have_v undoubted_a evidence_n from_o the_o unquestionable_a testimony_n of_o tertullian_n and_o origen_n who_o mention_v it_o as_o a_o thing_n so_o very_o well_o know_v that_o they_o use_v it_o as_o a_o argument_n against_o the_o jew_n to_o prove_v christ_n to_o have_v be_v the_o promise_a messiah_n because_o the_o uttermost_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v give_v for_o his_o possession_n tertullian_n flourish_v as_o st._n jerome_n say_v under_o severus_n and_o his_o son_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o severus_n he_o write_v against_o the_o jew_n as_o 4._o baronius_n prove_v from_o several_a passage_n in_o that_o book_n in_o his_o time_n the_o affair_n of_o britain_n be_v very_o well_o understand_v in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n especial_o by_o man_n so_o learned_a and_o inquisitive_a as_o tertullian_n for_o clodius_n albinus_n have_v set_v up_o for_o the_o empire_n in_o britain_n and_o be_v beat_v by_o severus_n near_o lion_n he_o take_v care_n to_o secure_v this_o province_n by_o send_v virius_n lupus_n his_o lieutenant_n hither_o but_o thing_n grow_v troublesome_a here_o severus_n himself_o undertake_v a_o expedition_n hither_o and_o bring_v the_o britain_n to_o such_o term_n that_o they_o be_v content_v to_o live_v beyond_o the_o wall_n which_o severus_n build_v where_o hadrian_n wall_n have_v be_v before_o the_o part_n of_o britain_n beyond_o the_o wall_n be_v call_v caledonia_n as_o sever._n dio_n say_v and_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o roman_n be_v at_o that_o time_n full_o acquaint_v with_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o britain_n both_o within_o the_o province_n and_o without_o and_o therefore_o tertullian_n can_v be_v suppose_v to_o speak_v at_o random_n about_o this_o matter_n when_o 7._o he_o mention_n the_o nation_n of_o gaul_n and_o the_o britain_n with_o as_o much_o assurance_n as_o he_o do_v his_o countryman_n the_o moor_n for_o receive_v christianity_n and_o say_v the_o kingdom_n of_o christ_n be_v advance_v among_o they_o and_o that_o christ_n be_v solemn_o worship_v by_o they_o tertullian_n be_v a_o man_n of_o too_o much_o understanding_n to_o expose_v himself_o to_o the_o contempt_n of_o the_o jew_n by_o mention_v this_o as_o a_o thing_n so_o well_o know_v at_o that_o time_n if_o the_o britain_n be_v then_o know_v to_o be_v no_o christian_n or_o if_o they_o have_v be_v such_o and_o be_v return_v to_o barbarism_n the_o argument_n will_v have_v be_v strong_a against_o he_o when_o therefore_o such_o a_o passage_n do_v not_o fall_v by_o chance_n from_o such_o a_o writer_n but_o the_o force_n of_o a_o argument_n depend_v upon_o it_o it_o be_v of_o so_o much_o great_a weight_n how_o ridiculous_a will_v it_o appear_v for_o a_o man_n to_o prove_v that_o popery_n be_v the_o catholic_n religion_n by_o instance_v not_o only_o in_o italy_n and_o spain_n as_o the_o nation_n where_o it_o be_v universal_o receive_v but_o in_o great_a britain_n and_o denmark_n and_o sweden_n no_o less_o be_v the_o absurdity_n then_o to_o prove_v christ_n universal_a kingdom_n by_o enumerate_v gaul_n and_o britain_n with_o other_o nation_n where_o christ_n be_v worship_v if_o there_o be_v no_o christian_a church_n at_o that_o time_n in_o be_v among_o they_o but_o there_o be_v two_o objection_n against_o this_o passage_n of_o tertullian_n which_o must_v be_v remove_v 1._o that_o he_o speak_v of_o that_o part_n of_o britain_n which_o be_v not_o under_o the_o roman_a power_n and_o the_o conversion_n of_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v late_a than_o to_o be_v here_o mention_v by_o tertullian_n for_o 35._o joh._n fordon_n and_o 14._o joh._n maior_n from_o a_o ancient_a distich_n in_o both_o of_o they_o christi_n transactis_fw-la tribus_fw-la annis_fw-la atque_fw-la ducentis_fw-la scotia_n catholicam_fw-la coepit_fw-la inire_fw-la fidem_fw-la say_v that_o the_o christian_a religion_n be_v receive_v in_o scotland_n in_o a._n d._n 203._o about_o the_o seven_o of_o severus_n but_o this_o be_v so_o little_a a_o time_n before_o tertullian_n write_n that_o it_o can_v hardly_o be_v so_o well_o know_v in_o africa_n as_o to_o afford_v strength_n to_o a_o argument_n against_o the_o jew_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v true_a tertullian_n do_v add_v the_o great_a emphasis_n to_o his_o argument_n by_o say_v et_fw-la britannorum_fw-la inaccessa_fw-la romanis_n loca_fw-la christo_fw-la vero_fw-la subdita_fw-la the_o gospel_n have_v access_n to_o those_o part_n of_o britain_n whither_o the_o roman_n have_v none_o which_o do_v prove_v that_o christianity_n be_v then_o receive_v beyond_o the_o wall_n but_o not_o by_o the_o scot_n who_o be_v not_o yet_o settle_v in_o those_o part_n but_o by_o the_o old_a britain_n who_o be_v drive_v thither_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o account_n give_v by_o severo_fw-la xiphilin_n out_o of_o dio_n who_o say_v that_o the_o britain_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o sort_n the_o maeatae_n and_o the_o caledonii_n the_o former_a dwell_v by_o the_o wall_n and_o the_o latter_a beyond_o they_o these_o be_v the_o extraprovincial_a britain_n and_o be_v distinct_a both_o from_o the_o pict_n and_o the_o scot_n say_v 36._o joh._n fordon_n who_o careful_o distinguish_v these_o three_o nation_n when_o he_o speak_v of_o their_o war_n with_o the_o roman_n and_o he_o make_v fulgentius_n the_o head_n of_o the_o britain_n of_o albany_n in_o the_o time_n of_o severus_n but_o he_o suppose_v both_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n to_o have_v be_v in_o the_o northern_a part_n long_o before_o and_o that_o the_o scot_n receive_v the_o christian_a faith_n in_o the_o time_n of_o severus_n victor_n be_v then_o bishop_n of_o rome_n who_o succeed_v eleutherius_fw-la to_o who_o say_v 89._o hector_n boethius_n king_n donald_n send_v ambassador_n to_o desire_v he_o to_o send_v person_n fit_a to_o instruct_v they_o in_o the_o christian_a faith_n and_o upon_o this_o say_v he_o it_o be_v general_o receive_v in_o scotland_n palladio_n dempster_n according_a to_o his_o custom_n be_v very_o warm_a in_o this_o matter_n and_o say_v all_o their_o annal_n and_o history_n agree_v that_o king_n donald_n and_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o scotland_n do_v then_o embrace_v christianity_n and_o be_v angry_a with_o baronius_n for_o put_v off_o their_o conversion_n to_o the_o time_n of_o palladius_n but_o notwithstanding_o all_o his_o boast_n of_o the_o consent_n of_o annal_n and_o history_n the_o scotichronicon_n be_v the_o only_a authority_n he_o have_v to_o produce_v and_o in_o his_o preface_n he_o say_v that_o king_n edward_n i._o destroy_v all_o the_o monument_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o it_o be_v somewhat_o unreasonable_a to_o complain_v of_o the_o want_n and_o to_o allege_v the_o consent_n of_o they_o at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o beside_o he_o produce_v something_o out_o of_o fordon_n concern_v paschasius_fw-la of_o sicily_n be_v send_v by_o victor_n into_o scotland_n and_o return_v with_o a_o message_n from_o king_n donald_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o fordon_n but_o as_o 2._o baronius_n observe_v it_o be_v strange_a that_o so_o remarkable_a a_o conversion_n shall_v be_v ommit_v not_o only_o by_o bede_n but_o by_o marianus_n scotus_n who_o mention_n the_o mission_n of_o palladius_n and_o fine_a prosper_n say_v upon_o the_o mission_n of_o palladius_n who_o be_v make_v the_o first_o bishop_n over_o the_o scotish_n christian_n the_o people_n who_o be_v barbarous_a before_o be_v make_v christian_n but_o it_o be_v urge_v by_o dempster_n not_o without_o
nothing_o but_o mere_a force_n can_v make_v any_o man_n to_o understand_v they_o of_o the_o receiver_n beside_o that_o office_n conclude_v with_o a_o particular_a prayer_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o those_o that_o have_v partake_v of_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n wherein_o this_o expression_n be_v remarkable_a christ_n domine_fw-la qui_fw-la &_o tuo_fw-la vesci_fw-la corpore_fw-la &_o tuum_fw-la corpus_fw-la effici_fw-la vis_fw-la fideles_fw-la fac_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o remissionem_fw-la peccatorum_fw-la esse_fw-la quod_fw-la sumpsimus_fw-la i._n e._n o_o christ_n our_o lord_n who_o will_v have_v thy_o people_n eat_v thy_o body_n and_o become_v thy_o body_n grant_v that_o we_o may_v be_v that_o which_o we_o have_v take_v for_o the_o remission_n of_o our_o sin_n and_o it_o be_v certain_a the_o meaning_n of_o this_o prayer_n be_v not_o that_o christian_n may_v become_v the_o natural_a body_n of_o christ_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o then_o believe_v that_o the_o faithful_a do_v in_o the_o eucharist_n take_v the_o natural_a body_n of_o christ_n but_o that_o which_o be_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n in_o such_o a_o mystical_a sense_n as_o the_o church_n be_v but_o transubstantiation_n be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o faith_n of_o the_o church_n at_o that_o time_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n to_o meet_v with_o expression_n so_o disagree_v to_o it_o in_o their_o solemn_a devotion_n and_o it_o be_v well_o observe_v by_o 2._o card._n bona_n that_o the_o custom_n of_o elevation_n of_o the_o host_n in_o order_n to_o adoration_n be_v find_v in_o none_o of_o the_o ancient_a sacramentary_n nor_o in_o the_o ordo_fw-la romanus_n not_o in_o the_o old_a ritualist_n such_o as_o alcuinus_fw-la amalarius_fw-la walafridus_n micrologus_fw-la and_o other_o the_o same_o have_v be_v ingenuous_o confess_v before_o by_o 374._o menardus_n in_o the_o same_o word_n and_o although_o there_o may_v be_v elevation_n where_o there_o be_v no_o belief_n of_o transubstantiation_n yet_o since_o the_o custom_n of_o elevation_n be_v late_o introduce_v into_o the_o western_a church_n and_o in_o order_n to_o adoration_n of_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n then_o present_a by_o transubstantiation_n it_o seem_v very_o probable_a that_o doctrine_n be_v not_o then_o receive_v by_o the_o church_n the_o consequence_n whereof_o be_v not_o certain_o in_o use_n for_o there_o be_v as_o much_o reason_n for_o the_o elevation_n and_o adoration_n at_o that_o time_n as_o ever_o can_v be_v afterward_o but_o my_o business_n be_v now_o only_o to_o show_v wherein_o the_o gallican_n and_o british_a church_n differ_v from_o the_o roman_a and_o not_o wherein_o they_o agree_v 4._o the_o last_o difference_n be_v as_o to_o the_o church_n music_n wherein_o the_o roman_n be_v think_v so_o far_o to_o excel_v other_o western_a church_n that_o the_o goodness_n of_o their_o music_n prove_v the_o great_a occasion_n of_o introduce_v their_o office_n for_o 1._o charles_n the_o great_a say_v that_o his_o father_n pepin_n bring_v the_o roman_a way_n of_o sing_v into_o the_o gallican_n church_n and_o their_o office_n along_o with_o it_o and_o although_o he_o say_v many_o church_n stand_v out_o then_o yet_o by_o his_o mean_n they_o be_v bring_v to_o it_o and_o he_o cause_v some_o of_o the_o best_a master_n of_o music_n in_o rome_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o france_n and_o there_o settle_v for_o the_o instruction_n of_o the_o gallicanus_n french_a church_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o old_a gallican_n service_n be_v so_o soon_o forget_v that_o in_o raven_n carolus_n calvus_n his_o time_n he_o be_v force_v to_o send_v as_o far_o as_o toledo_n to_o have_v some_o to_o perform_v the_o old_a office_n before_o he_o so_o great_a a_o power_n have_v the_o roman_a music_n and_o the_o prince_n authority_n in_o change_v the_o ancient_a service_n of_o the_o gallican_n church_n but_o thus_o much_o may_v suffice_v to_o have_v clear_v the_o ancient_a service_n of_o these_o western_a church_n and_o to_o have_v show_v their_o difference_n from_o the_o roman_a office_n from_o which_o discourse_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o our_o church_n of_o england_n have_v omit_v none_o of_o those_o office_n wherein_o all_o the_o ancient_a church_n agree_v and_o that_o where_o the_o british_a or_o gallican_n and_o roman_n differ_v our_o church_n have_v not_o follow_v the_o roman_a but_o the_o other_o and_o therefore_o our_o dissenter_n do_v unreasonable_o charge_v we_o with_o take_v our_o office_n from_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n chap._n v._o of_o the_o declension_n of_o the_o british_a church_n britain_n never_o total_o subdue_v by_o the_o roman_n that_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o misery_n of_o the_o britain_n in_o the_o province_n by_o the_o incursion_n from_o beyond_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n their_o mortal_a enemy_n the_o true_a original_a of_o the_o pict_n from_o scandinavia_n that_o name_v not_o give_v to_o the_o old_a britain_n but_o to_o the_o new_a colony_n the_o scotish_n antiquity_n inquire_v into_o a_o account_n of_o they_o from_o john_n fordon_n compare_v with_o that_o give_v by_o hector_n boethius_n and_o buchanan_n of_o hector_n author_n veremundus_n cornelius_n hibernicus_n and_o their_o ancient_a annal_n a_o account_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o ireland_n and_o of_o the_o authority_n of_o their_o tradition_n and_o annal_n compare_v with_o the_o british_a antiquity_n publish_v by_o geffrey_n of_o monmouth_n in_o point_n of_o credibility_n a_o true_a account_n of_o the_o fabulous_a antiquity_n of_o the_o northern_a nation_n of_o the_o first_o come_v of_o the_o scot_n into_o britain_n the_o first_o cause_n of_o the_o declension_n and_o ruin_n of_o the_o british_a church_n be_v the_o lay_v they_o open_a to_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n of_o maximus_n his_o withdraw_v the_o roman_a force_n and_o the_o emperor_n be_v send_v number_n of_o pict_n to_o draw_v they_o back_o the_o miserable_a condition_n of_o the_o britain_n thus_o forsake_a and_o supply_v send_v they_o for_o a_o time_n and_o then_o take_v away_o of_o the_o wall_n then_o build_v for_o their_o security_n and_o the_o roman_a legion_n then_o place_v of_o the_o great_a degeneracy_n of_o manner_n among_o the_o britain_n of_o intestine_a division_n and_o call_v in_o of_o foreign_a assistence_n the_o saxon_n first_o come_v hither_o who_o they_o be_v and_o whence_o they_o come_v bede_n account_v examine_v and_o reconcile_v with_o the_o circumstance_n of_o those_o time_n his_o fix_v the_o time_n of_o their_o come_n justify_v of_o the_o reason_n of_o vortigern_n calling_n in_o the_o saxon_n and_o the_o dissatisfaction_n of_o the_o britain_n upon_o their_o come_n and_o vortigern_n league_n with_o they_o of_o the_o valour_n of_o vortimer_n and_o aurelius_n ambrose_n against_o the_o saxon_n the_o different_a account_n of_o the_o battle_n between_o the_o britain_n and_o saxon_n among_o our_o historian_n the_o sad_a condition_n of_o the_o british_a church_n at_o that_o time_n the_o imperfect_a account_n give_v by_o the_o british_a history_n of_o king_n arthur_n story_n and_o success_n of_o person_n of_o great_a reputation_n then_o in_o the_o british_a church_n and_o particular_o of_o st._n david_n of_o the_o britain_n pass_v over_o to_o aremorica_n the_o beginning_n of_o that_o colony_n state_v gildas_n there_o write_v his_o epistle_n the_o scope_n and_o design_n of_o it_o the_o independency_n of_o the_o british_a church_n prove_v from_o their_o carriage_n towards_o augustine_n the_o monk_n the_o particular_n of_o that_o story_n clear_v and_o the_o whole_a conclude_v be_v now_o to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o fatal_a declension_n of_o the_o british_a church_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o look_v back_o on_o the_o time_n when_o their_o misery_n first_o begin_v for_o which_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v never_o make_v a_o entire_a conquest_n of_o the_o whole_a island_n but_o content_v themselves_o with_o the_o better_a part_n and_o exclude_v the_o rest_n by_o a_o wall_n they_o still_o leave_v a_o backdoor_n open_a for_o the_o poor_a provincial_a britain_n to_z be_v disturb_v as_o often_o as_o the_o roman_a garrison_n neglect_v their_o duty_n or_o be_v overpowr_v by_o their_o enemy_n who_o be_v now_o very_o much_o increase_v in_o those_o remote_a part_n of_o britain_n which_o be_v abandon_v by_o the_o roman_n they_o become_v a_o easy_a prey_n to_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n who_o from_o different_a part_n take_v possession_n of_o those_o coast_n which_o lie_v near_a to_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v thus_o the_o scot_n come_v from_o ireland_n enter_v upon_o the_o southern_a and_o western_a part_n as_o the_o pict_n from_o scandinavia_n have_v before_o do_v on_o the_o northern_a our_o learned_a 82._o antiquary_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o pict_n be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o ancient_a britain_n partly_o settle_v in_o those_o part_n before_o the_o roman_a invasion_n and_o partly_o
edw._n i._n destroy_v all_o their_o ancient_a history_n how_o come_v turgott_n to_z be_v preserve_v he_o be_v bishop_n of_o st._n andrew_n in_o the_o time_n of_o malcolm_n iii_o and_o queen_n margaret_n who_o life_n he_o write_v and_o who_o history_n hector_n say_v he_o have_v so_o that_o not_o only_a turgott_n history_n of_o the_o church_n of_o durham_n be_v preserve_v in_o the_o cotton_n library_n with_o his_o own_o name_n write_v in_o a_o ancient_a character_n the_o same_o that_o be_v print_v under_o the_o name_n of_o simeon_n dunelmensis_n with_o some_o alteration_n as_o script_n mr._n selden_n have_v show_v but_o if_o hoveden_n be_v so_o much_o to_o blame_v as_o simeon_n leland_n say_v for_o conceal_v what_o he_o borrow_a from_o simeon_n dunelmensis_n simeon_n himself_o be_v at_o least_o as_o much_o to_o blame_v for_o assume_v to_o himself_o the_o proper_a work_n of_o turgott_n but_o it_o seem_v hector_n have_v see_v what_o he_o write_v in_o relation_n to_o the_o scotish_n 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again_o that_o this_o be_v the_o temple_n of_o victory_n build_v by_o vespasian_n not_o far_o from_o camelodunum_n only_o the_o inscription_n be_v deface_v by_o edw._n i._n buchanan_n in_o the_o life_n of_o king_n donald_n say_v this_o be_v the_o temple_n of_o the_o god_n terminus_n be_v near_o the_o roman_a wall_n it_o be_v a_o round_a building_n make_v of_o square_a stone_n and_o open_v only_o at_o the_o top_n 24_o cubit_n in_o height_n 13_o in_o breadth_n as_o 700._o camden_n describe_v it_o 19_o nennius_n say_v it_o be_v build_v by_o carausius_n in_o token_n of_o his_o triumph_n but_o this_o look_v no_o more_o like_o a_o triumphal_a arch_n than_o caesar_n travel_a palace_n and_o therefore_o buchanan_n opinion_n seem_v most_o probable_a since_o hector_n say_v that_o there_o be_v within_o it_o a_o stone_n of_o great_a magnitude_n which_o be_v the_o representation_n of_o the_o god_n terminus_n especial_o if_o the_o hole_n in_o the_o top_n be_v over_o the_o stone_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o capitol_n at_o rome_n then_o follow_v the_o wicked_a life_n and_o tragical_a end_n of_o euenus_n iii_o the_o good_a reign_n of_o metellanus_n and_o his_o friendship_n with_o augustus_n which_o he_o go_v about_o to_o prove_v from_o strabo_n but_o he_o have_v better_a keep_v to_o veremundus_n after_o he_o succeed_v caratacus_n bear_v at_o caractonium_fw-la a_o city_n of_o the_o silures_n say_v hector_n and_o that_o he_o may_v be_v sure_a to_o confound_v all_o he_o say_v his_o sister_n voada_n be_v marry_v to_o arviragus_n king_n of_o the_o britain_n but_o he_o divorce_v she_o and_o marry_v gevissa_n a_o noble_a roman_a upon_o which_o caratacus_n join_v the_o britain_n against_o the_o roman_n and_o be_v at_o last_o beat_v by_o they_o and_o betray_v by_o cartumandua_n his_o mother-in-law_n who_o after_o his_o father_n death_n be_v marry_v to_o venusius_n and_o be_v by_o ostorius_n carry_v in_o triumph_n to_o rome_n from_o whence_o he_o say_v he_o return_v to_o scotland_n and_o remain_v to_o his_o death_n a_o friend_n to_o the_o roman_n after_o caractacus_n corbr_v his_o brother_n be_v choose_v king_n who_o join_v with_o voada_n against_o the_o roman_n and_o partake_v of_o her_o misfortune_n return_v into_o scotland_n and_o there_o die_v his_o son_n be_v under_o age_n dardannus_n succeed_v who_o design_v to_o destroy_v the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v himself_o take_v off_o and_o thereby_o way_n be_v make_v for_o galdus_n the_o true_a heir_n to_o succeed_v who_o be_v the_o same_o say_v hector_z with_o tacitus_n his_o galgacus_n and_o he_o confess_v be_v beat_v by_o petilius_n cerealis_n this_o king_n buchanan_n think_v be_v the_o first_o of_o their_o king_n who_o fight_v with_o the_o roman_n what_o become_v then_o of_o the_o credit_n of_o hector_n and_o veremundus_n from_o who_o we_o have_v such_o ample_a narration_n of_o their_o engage_v with_o the_o roman_n so_o long_o before_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o veremundus_n his_o authority_n signify_v nothing_o with_o he_o and_o yet_o he_o follow_v hector_n where_o he_o profess_v to_o rely_v upon_o his_o authority_n for_o buchanan_n evident_o abridge_n hector_n as_o to_o the_o scotish_n affair_n leave_v out_o what_o he_o find_v inconsistent_a with_o the_o roman_a history_n hector_n begin_v his_o five_o book_n with_o the_o short_a reign_n and_o doleful_a end_n of_o luctacus_n galdus_n his_o son_n who_o be_v succeed_v by_o mogallus_n his_o sister_n son_n who_o continue_v for_o some_o time_n a_o brave_a prince_n but_o at_o last_o degenerate_v be_v kill_v by_o his_o subject_n after_o he_o conarus_n his_o son_n who_o be_v confine_v for_o ill_a management_n and_o the_o government_n commit_v to_o argadus_n upon_o his_o death_n the_o kingdom_n fall_v to_o ethodius_n nephew_n to_o mogallus_n who_o be_v strangle_v in_o his_o bed_n by_o a_o irish_a harper_n and_o so_o be_v satrael_n that_o succeed_v he_o
before_o which_o expedition_n of_o his_o happen_v anno_fw-la dom._n 343._o after_o his_o success_n over_o the_o frank_n and_o he_o pass_v a_o edict_n still_o exstant_fw-la in_o the_o 5._o theodosian_a code_n when_o he_o be_v at_o bologn_n in_o his_o passage_n which_o bear_v date_n that_o year_n and_o a_o coin_n of_o he_o be_v mention_v by_o 33._o du_n cange_n and_o 134._o spanheim_n wherein_o the_o effigy_n of_o constans_n be_v on_o one_o side_n and_o on_o the_o reverse_n a_o arm_a man_n on_o shipboard_n with_o the_o image_n of_o victory_n and_o the_o inscription_n of_o bononia_n oceanen_n be_v coin_v on_o purpose_n to_o preserve_v the_o memory_n of_o this_o passage_n and_o upon_o his_o come_n over_o thing_n be_v quiet_v here_o but_o not_o long_o after_o they_o begin_v to_o make_v new_a incursion_n within_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o province_n as_o be_v evident_a from_o the_o forego_n passage_n of_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n when_o lupicinus_n be_v send_v over_o who_o arrive_v at_o london_n say_v he_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o winter_n to_o take_v counsel_n how_o to_o proceed_v in_o the_o time_n of_o valentinian_n the_o same_o historian_n 4._o say_v that_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o general_a disturbance_n through_o the_o whole_a empire_n by_o the_o barbarous_a nation_n who_o lie_v near_o they_o and_o among_o the_o rest_n he_o mention_n the_o pict_n who_o some_o render_v redshanks_n the_o saxon_n the_o scot_n and_o the_o attacot_n who_o be_v continual_o vex_v and_o do_v mischief_n to_o the_o britain_n so_o that_o in_o a_o little_a time_n the_o 8._o britain_n be_v reduce_v to_o a_o miserable_a condition_n by_o a_o new_a conspiracy_n of_o the_o barbarian_n wherein_o nectaridus_n the_o comes_fw-la maritimi_fw-la tractûs_fw-la or_o roman_a admiral_n and_o fallofaudes_n the_o general_n be_v both_o kill_v and_o then_o valentinian_n send_v over_o theodosius_n a_o famous_a captain_n father_n to_o the_o first_o emperor_n of_o that_o name_n with_o considerable_a force_n for_o at_o that_o time_n the_o pict_n of_o both_o kind_n the_o deucalidones_n and_o vecturiones_n the_o attacotti_n a_o fierce_a nation_n and_o the_o scot_n disperse_v themselves_o up_o and_o down_o do_v abundance_n of_o mischief_n but_o theodosius_n leave_v london_n disperse_v his_o force_n likewise_o into_o several_a part_n who_o surprise_v the_o enemy_n and_o recover_v their_o booty_n which_o they_o restore_v to_o the_o owner_n only_o reserve_v a_o small_a share_n for_o the_o soldier_n and_o so_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o put_v the_o city_n out_o of_o its_o fear_n and_o difficulty_n and_o enter_v it_o as_o it_o be_v in_o triumph_n and_o then_o take_v care_n to_o have_v good_a officer_n place_v here_o civilis_n for_o administration_n of_o justice_n and_o dulcitius_n for_o military_a affair_n who_o these_o attacotti_n be_v who_o join_v with_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n our_o antiquary_n be_v not_o agree_v but_o because_o of_o their_o join_n with_o the_o other_o and_o yet_o be_v distinguish_v from_o they_o it_o seem_v most_o probable_a that_o they_o be_v the_o wild_a britain_n for_o 2._o st._n hierome_n do_v say_v they_o be_v a_o british_a people_n but_o what_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o name_n be_v be_v not_o yet_o understand_v and_o i_o doubt_n will_v not_o be_v unless_o some_o happen_v to_o derive_v it_o from_o the_o phoenician_n language_n what_o great_a mischief_n have_v be_v do_v to_o the_o britain_n by_o this_o combination_n of_o their_o enemy_n appear_v by_o the_o care_n take_v by_o theodosius_n after_o his_o beat_v they_o out_o of_o the_o country_n to_o restore_v the_o city_n and_o garrison_n and_o to_o settle_v the_o guard_n upon_o the_o frontier_n which_o be_v do_v that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n which_o he_o recover_v from_o they_o he_o obtain_v leave_v to_o have_v it_o name_v a_o new_a province_n and_o it_o be_v call_v valentia_n from_o the_o emperor_n name_n this_o be_v do_v anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 368._o and_o the_o next_o year_n theodosius_n return_v to_o the_o emperor_n court._n from_o that_o time_n we_o read_v no_o more_o of_o their_o incursion_n till_o maximus_n in_o the_o time_n of_o gratian_n son_n to_o valentinian_n be_v set_v up_o by_o the_o soldiery_n in_o britain_n to_o be_v emperor_n then_o init_fw-la prosper_v set_v out_o by_o pithaeus_n say_v maximus_n overcome_v the_o pict_n and_o scot_n make_v new_a incursion_n which_o he_o think_v he_o have_v do_v so_o effectual_o as_o to_o fear_v no_o disturbance_n on_o that_o side_n and_o therefore_o take_v away_o from_o hence_o all_o the_o flower_n both_o of_o the_o roman_a and_o british_a soldiery_n to_o make_v good_a his_o title_n against_o gratian_n and_o valentinian_n and_o after_o against_o theodosius_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o possibility_n of_o their_o return_n to_o secure_v the_o frontier_n from_o their_o enemy_n and_o this_o prove_v the_o fatal_a blow_n to_o the_o britain_n for_o the_o empire_n be_v so_o divide_v and_o maximus_n force_v to_o keep_v his_o army_n together_o those_o part_n be_v leave_v open_a to_o the_o rage_n and_o fury_n of_o their_o merciless_a enemy_n and_o if_o the_o 590._o author_n of_o the_o eulogium_fw-la and_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la may_v be_v believe_v gratian_n and_o valentinian_n enter_v into_o a_o league_n with_o the_o gothick_n pict_n and_o help_v they_o with_o ship_n to_o convey_v they_o into_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n on_o purpose_n to_o withdraw_v maximus_n his_o army_n out_o of_o gaul_n who_o come_v thither_o in_o great_a number_n and_o find_v the_o country_n naked_a and_o without_o defence_n settle_v themselves_o in_o those_o part_n not_o as_o though_o the_o pict_n have_v not_o come_v hither_o before_o but_o they_o never_o come_v over_o in_o so_o great_a number_n and_o with_o so_o much_o encouragement_n as_o they_o do_v now_o and_o it_o seem_v not_o improbable_a that_o gratian_n and_o valentinian_n shall_v at_o that_o time_n deal_v with_o the_o gothick_n nation_n to_o give_v a_o diversion_n to_o maximus_n for_o 760._o zosimus_n assign_v that_o as_o one_o of_o the_o great_a cause_n of_o gratian_n ruin_n that_o he_o seem_v more_o fond_a of_o the_o barbarous_a nation_n than_o of_o the_o roman_n and_o maximus_n charge_v valentinian_n with_o make_v use_n of_o the_o hunns_n and_o the_o alani_n against_o he_o which_o be_v not_o deny_v by_o 27._o st._n ambrose_n who_o be_v send_v by_o valentinian_n on_o a_o embassy_n to_o he_o these_o hunni_n and_o alani_n be_v as_o be_v common_o say_v inhabitant_n of_o sarmatia_n europaea_n near_o to_o the_o palus_n maeotis_n the_o alani_n do_v live_v upon_o the_o tanais_n say_v 153._o hadrianus_n valesius_fw-la and_o the_o hunni_n say_v he_o be_v a_o scythian_a people_n between_o the_o pontus_n and_o the_o caspian_a sea_n upon_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o caucasus_n from_o who_o the_o abares_n turk_n and_o hungarian_n be_v descend_v but_o whosoever_o observe_v 2._o ammianus_n marcellinus_n his_o description_n of_o they_o will_v find_v that_o the_o hunni_n be_v the_o asiatic_a tartar_n and_o the_o alani_n the_o european_a the_o hunni_n in_o the_o time_n of_o valens_n pass_v over_o the_o palus_n maeotis_n in_o vast_a number_n and_o after_o have_v kill_v many_o of_o the_o alani_n take_v the_o rest_n into_o confederacy_n with_o they_o and_o have_v conquer_v the_o goth_n in_o those_o part_n enlarge_v their_o power_n as_o far_o as_o the_o danube_n where_o they_o lie_v ready_a to_o come_v into_o the_o roman_a empire_n on_o any_o occasion_n and_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v wonder_v if_o gratian_n shall_v employ_v person_n into_o scandinavia_n to_o draw_v out_o great_a force_n from_o thence_o thereby_o to_o make_v a_o revulsion_n as_o to_o maximus_n his_o design_n in_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n however_o this_o be_v gildas_n from_o this_o time_n date_n the_o miserable_a condition_n of_o the_o britain_n as_o be_v in_o no_o posture_n to_o defend_v themselves_o at_o home_n 23._o nennius_n say_v that_o maximianus_n as_o he_o call_v he_o carry_v all_o the_o force_n out_o of_o britain_n and_o kill_v gratian_n the_o emperor_n and_o will_v not_o let_v the_o british_a soldier_n return_v to_o their_o wife_n child_n or_o possession_n but_o give_v they_o another_o country_n instead_o of_o it_o in_o the_o western_a part_n of_o gaul_n say_v the_o interpolatour_n of_o nennius_n and_o these_o say_v nennius_n be_v the_o aremorican_a britain_n who_o never_o after_o return_v to_o their_o own_o country_n and_o from_o hence_o he_o say_v britain_n be_v seize_v upon_o by_o foreign_a nation_n and_o its_o own_o native_n be_v drive_v out_o and_o will_v so_o continue_v till_o god_n help_v they_o but_o the_o british_a history_n set_v forth_o by_o 4._o geffrey_n have_v improve_v the_o story_n in_o many_o particular_n first_o it_o make_v this_o maximianus_n to_o marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o octavius_n and_o so_o to_o come_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o