doth convince Buchanan of Partiality and Falshood of what he hath written in the latter end of his Seventh and beginning or most part of his Eighth Book of the History of Scotland and likewise Arch-Bishop Spotswood and Sir Richard Baker of great Errors and Mistakes in following him The Scots pursue their Designs of 5 Knighton col 2478. n. 10 20. The English commanded to quit Scotland freeing themselves from subjection to the English and Command That all the English that had Lands and Possessions in Scotland should without delay quit the Nation or come forth with all the Strength they had to Defend it against the English The King again 6 Ib. col 2478. n. 20. The King again summons the King of Scots He and they deny Subjection pretending the Pope's Absolution summoned the King of Scots to come to him and with Force to assist him according to his Oath The Scots answered unanimously That neither they nor their King was any ways bound to him or to obey his Commands because they were absolved by Pope Celestin from their Oath and from all Subjection he had extorted from them From Restitution of Homage and Fealty and Defiance they proceed to Arms 7 Walsingh f. 66. n. 50. Mat Westm f. 427. n. 40. The Scots Arm c. enter England Plunder Burn Wast Kill and Destroy where-ever they come To obviate these Insolencies and Chastise them according to their Deserts King Edward entered 8 Knighton col 4280 4281. A. D. 1296. King Edward enters Scotland Scotland on Wednesday in Easter-week besieged and took Berwick Castle with a great Slaughter of the Scots From thence he sent part of his Army to Reduce the Castle of Dunbar lately Revolted which was done by the Death and Destruction of a great many Scots Ten thousand says my Author Seven Barons an Hundred Knights and Thirty one Esquires were taken in the Castle The Scots Army coming to Relieve it Twenty two thousand of them were slain From Beats the Scots thence King Edward marched to Edinburgh which Castle he took in Eight days From thence he marched to Sterlin where the Earl of Vlster came to him out of Ireland with a great Body of Men and hither the King of Scots and many of his great Men sent to beg his Mercy 9 Ibm. They Beg and submit to Mercy King Edward appointed them to meet him at Brechin some few days after where they submitted to his Mercy and Favour without making any Terms or Conditions whatever The King's 1 1 Hist Angl. f. 67. n. 40 50. Submission runs thus as 't is Translated from Walsingham's Latin Version of the French Original John by the Grace of God King of Scotland to all that shall The Tenor and Form of the King of Scots Submission hear or see these present Letters Greeting Whereas we by Evil and False Counsel and our Simplicity have greatly offended and provoked our Lord Edward by the Grace of God King of England c. To wit for that being in his Faith and Homage we have Allied our self to the King of France who then was and is now his Enemy propounding Marriage between our Son and the Daughter of his Brother Charles and assisting him by War and otherways with all our Power Furthermore by our Perverse Counsel aforesaid we Defied our Lord the King of England and put our self out of his Faith and Homage and sent our People into England to Burn Spoil Plunder Murder and commit other Mischiefs fortifying the Kingdom of Scotland that was his Fee against him putting Garrisons into Towns Castles and other Places For which Transgressions our Lord the King of England entred Scotland by force Conquered and took it notwithstanding all we could do against him as of right he might do as Lord of the Fee seeing after we had done Homage to him we Rebelled against him We therefore being yet free and in our own Power do render unto him the Land of Scotland and the whole Nation with its Homages In Witness whereof we have caused to be made these our Letters-Patents Dated at Brechin the 10th Day of July in the Fourth A. D. 1296. Year of our Reign This Acknowledgment is also Recorded in the Roll of the Oaths of Homage and Fealty of the Scots a second time made on several days and in several places 2 Rot. Scot. 24 c. Ed. 1. Peceia 8. He renounceth all Confederacies against King Edward and rendered to him his Kingdom and all Homages and other Rights of that and his People c. where he Renounceth all Confederacies and unlawful Contracts made in the Name of himself his Son and the Inhabitants of Scotland against his due Homage and Fealty he had done to the King of England for his own Kingdom And further rendred to him his Kingdom and all Homages and all other his Rights with their Pertinencies suamque Regiam Dignitatem necnon omnes Terras Possessiones c. and his Royal Dignity and also his Lands and Possessions with all his Goods moveable and immoveable gratanti animo spontanea voluntate purè absolutè with a Gratefull Mind and free Will purely and absolutely into the Hands of Antony Bishop of Duresm receiving them in the place and Name of the King Vice nomine Regis Angliae Recipientis These things were done at Brechin the same day before a Publick Notary whom he commanded to publish and make an Instrument of them in perpetuam rei memoriam The Bishop of Duresm John Comyn of Badenaugh the Elder Bryan Fitz-Alan Knights and Alexander Kenedy Clerk Chancellor to the King of Scotland being specially called as Witnesses The Submission of James Stewart of Scotland is first Recorded in this 3 Rot. Scot. 24 25 26 Ed. 1. Peceia prima Append. n 14. The Submission and Renunciation of James Stewart of Scotland Roll which was That neither by force or fear but on his own free Will as he said he came to the Faith and Will of the King of England and renounced for him and his Heirs all Confederacies Contracts and Agreements whatsoever made in his Name with the King of France or his Adherents against his Lord the King of England if any such were freely purely and absolutely spontè purè absolutè and then took his Oath of Fealty in the Form following and made thereof and sealed his Letters Patents To all those that shall see or hear these Letters 4 4 Ibm. The Form of it James Seneschal or Steward of Scotland Greeting For that we are come to the Faith and Will of the most Noble Prince our Dear Lord Edward by the Grace of God King of England Lord of Ireland and Duke of Aquitain We promise for us and our Heirs upon the pain of Body and Estate and whatsoever we can incur That we will Assist and Serve him well and Loyally against all Persons that may live and dye at all times when Required or
no share of his it happened that in an Assembly they had at Prague for the Coronation of King Wincheslaus they easily suffered themselves to be persuaded the Pope was consenting to the Deposition of Adolphus as being useless to the Empire and in effect the Cabal was so strong that they Deposed him and Elected Albert Duke of Austria The Two Competitors came to Blows about it near Spire the 2d of July Adolph fighting valiantly but betrayed or at least forsaken by his Men there lost his Life The Abbat of Vrsperg an old German Writer of this time says thus 7 Paralip fol. 341. Printed at Basil 1559. The occasion of his being Deposed Whereas there was great confusion in the Empire and there was necessity to have a more powerful Emperor the Electors met at Ments and Deposed him for when Adolph had received 75000 Marks to assist the King of England against the King of France he kept it all to himself and divided none amongst the German Princes he could neither raise Soldiers nor help the English This Charge in the Empire and the Embroilment of his Affairs at home caused King Edward to accept the Popes Mediation as above The King before this time had summoned the 8 Cl. 26 Ed. I. M. 5. Doâ—s Militia of the Nation to meet him at Carlisle on Whitsun-Eve with their Horse and Arms to go against the Scots whose Power was now The King summons the Militia of the Nation against the Scots formidable and their Forces numerous yet on the 10th of April 9 Ibm. M. 12. Cedula Dors A Parlement or great Council summoned he summoned the Earls and Barons Two Knights of every Shire Two Citizens of every City and Two Burgesses of every Burgh to meet and Treat with him about certain Matters that concerned him and the whole Kingdom 1 Walsingh f. 75 n 20. The Charters Reconfirmed Here the Constable and Marshall demanded that because the Charters had been confirmed beyond Sea for the greater security they might be confirmed again The Bishop of Durham the Earls of Surrey Warwick and Glocester promised the King should do it upon his Return with Victory The King then commanded his Army to be ready at Roxburg upon Tweed on the Feast of St. John Baptist The King going aside to Visit St. John of Beverly found his Army at the time and place appointed 2 Ib. n. 30 40 50. and f. 76. n. 10. The Scots beaten at Falkirk He marched on into Scotland The Scots meet him with a mighty Army under the Conduct of Waleys On St. Mary Magdalen's Day or 22d of July both Armies drew up in a large Field near Falkirk upon the Signal given by the King the English boldly attacked the Scots their Horse soon gave ground the English pursuing and killing great numbers my Author says Sixty thousand Waleys and the Great Men of Scotland fled into the Woods After some stay in Scotland where he used some severity The King returns into England in his Return at Carlisle he gave the Constable and Marshall Leave to go home and stayed himself in the North Parts until after Christmas when he returned into the South and in 3 Cl. 27. Ed. I. M. 18. Dors Summons a Parlement February summoned a Parlement to meet on the first Sunday in Lent 4 Walsingh f. 76. n. 20. The Pope's Award read in it where was Read the Pope's Instrument of Award between the Two Kings which is long but the Effect thereof was 5 This Instrument is Intituled Pronuntiatio Bonifacii in Jurie London 25 Ed. I Pryns Ed. I. f. 758. The Articles of his Award as Benedict Caietan not as Pope That whereas they by their special Messengers and Proctors had compromitted into him as a Private Person and Benedict Caietan and as an Amicable Composer and Arbiter of all Wars Controversies Differences and Causes whatever moved between them He did Award and Pronounce 1. That there should be a firm and stable Peace between the Two Kings 2. That the voluntary forbearing of Hostility and the Truce lately made and confirmed between the Two Kings c. should be inviolably observed 3. That the King of England should Marry Margaret the King of France his Sister and Endow her with 15000 l. Turnois i. e. 3750 l. Sterling per Annum 4. That Isabel the Daughter of the King of France not then 7 years old should at convenient time be Married to Edward the King of England's Son then 13 years of Age with the Dower of 18000 l. Turnois per Annum 5. That all Goods on either side Ships especially taken before the War and then not imbeziled or destroyed should be restored and if destroyed and not to be found then either King to make Satisfaction at the Request of each other 6. That all the Lands Vassels and Goods which the King of England had in France before the War which he may have restored to him by virtue of this Compromise he should have and enjoy under such Conditions and Security as shall be awarded 7. That all the Lands Vassals and Goods which the King of France was then possessed of that were the King of England's before the War and those the King of England was then possessed of should be put into the Hands and Possession of the Pope and so to remain until the Kings themselves agreed about them or he should order what was therein to be done without prejudice to the Lands Vassals and Goods or the King 's as to the Possession Detention or Propriety of them This Pronunciation or Award was Dated at the Pope's Palace in Rome on the 20th of June 1298. 26th of Edw. I. A. D. 1298. To which Award when it was read in Parlement all the Clergy and Laity gave their Consent 6 Mat. West f. 431. n. 50. The whole Parlement confirm the Pope's Award Cui assensum praebuit Plebs omnis Clerus This done the 7 Ibm. The Charters confirmed The King refused to confirm the Disforesting Earls Barons and Prelates demanded the Confirmation of the Charter of Liberties and of the Forest with the Deforestation then made He confirmed the Charters but refused to confirm the Deforestation or parting with so much Land out of his Forests as they demanded Walsingham 8 Fol. 76. n. 40. Reports That in this Parlement the King being desired to confirm the Charters as he had promised in Scotland after some delay consented with a Salvo jure Coronae saving the Rights of his Crown which the Earls hearing returned home but calling another 9 Claus 27 Ed. I. M. 18. Dors Writ dated Apr. 10. Parlement to meet 15 days after Easter he granted what they desired The Execution of the Pope's Award was delayed neither of the Kings being forward to deliver their Possessions c. in Gascoign into his Hands but being resolved to make Peace if he could 1 Rot. Aâ—â—m 27 Ed. I. M. 11. intus
that the Subsidy of Woolls Leather and Woollfells was to end at Michaelmas next coming and that from thence the King was not able to endure the great Charges he was to be at to maintain the War in the Marches of â—alais Brest Cherburgh in Gascoigny Ireland and the Marches of Scotland they grant him the same Subsidies from the time they were to end until Michaelmass next after praying the King there might not be a Parlement to charge the Poor Commons until a year after Michaelmas next coming The Scots toward the latter end of this 9 Walsingh f. 240. n. 30 40. A. D. 1380. The Barbarity of the Scots in Cumberland and Westmerland Summer invade Cumberland and Westmerland raging killing and burning every where and driving away as the Historian says it was reported 40000 of all sorts of Beasts and went to Penreth where was then a great Fair and Conflux of People they killed some carried away others Captive and with them all the Goods of the Town and Fair. The Earl of Northumberland was preparing to 1 Ibm. drive them out of the Country and Borders and force them to make Satisfaction Which was to be considered on the March-Day or do the same things in Scotland when he received a Prohibition from the King not to do any thing but to expect the March Day which was a day appointed for the English and Scots to meet every year and adjust things done by either Nation upon the Borders In the same year 2 Mezeray f 398. The Death of Charles King of France on the 16th of September died Charles the Fifth King of France called The Wise On his Death-Bed he left the Regency to his next Brother the Duke of Anjou directing him to make some Agreement with the Duke of Britan if possible His Eldest Son 3 Ibm. f. 400 401. His Son Charles succeeds him Charles succeeded him being then about Twelve years of Age and was Crowned at Rheims on the 4th of November At this time there were great 4 Ib. and f. 402 403. Great Tumults and Disorders in France Tumults and Disorders in France by reason the Duke of Anjou had not taken off the Imposts as his Brother had Commanded on his Death-Bed but settled new ones especially upon the City of Paris The like 5 Ibm. and Walsingh f. 241. n. 20 30. The same in Flanders Mutinies Confusions and Tumults were then in Flanders by the Seditious People against their Earl especially those of Ipre and Gaunt having received great Provocations from him as Walsingham relates it After the 6 Froysard c. 360. Disaster of the Fleet and Army under the Command of Sir John Arundel Sir Thomas Percy c. the Duke of Britan this Summer about Whitsuntide sent to the King for Assistance against the King of France Thomas of Woodstock Earl The Duke of Britan sends to the King for Assistance of Buckingham 7 Ibm. as General the Earl of Stafford and many Barons Knights and Esquires of great Note and Skill in Arms were appointed and retained for this Expedition and 8 Ibm. landed at Calais on the 19th of July 1380 and marched from thence into Britany thro' Champagne and other Countreys by small Marches without any considerable Disturbance 9 Ib. c 363 and 365. wasting the Countreys as they went staying 2 3 4 days or more at every place or good Town where they rested and took up their Quarters When they came near Britany the Englishmen wondered they 1 Ib. c. 368. The Duke's negligence heard not from the Duke the Earl sent to him Sir Thomas Percy and Sir Thomas Trivet who met him on the way going to the Earl When they came together at Rennes they resolved to besiege Nantes as the most obstinate and Rebellious 2 Ib. c. 369. The English besiege Nants Town in Britany the Duke to assist the Earl in this Siege with his whole Force The English remained 15 days at Rennes to make themselves ready and went before the Town They within the Town had notice of these things who sent to the Duke of The Duke 's further Negligence Anjou to send them some French Officers and Soldiers to join with them for the Maintenance of the Place and they had them The English lay before 3 Ib. c. 374. They raise the Siege Nantes Two months and four days and never heard of the Duke or his Men when on the day after New-years-day they raised the Siege and marched towards Vannes where the Duke was and there and several other Towns near upon the Coast of Britany the English were Quartered all Winter 4 Ibm. The Earl's intention was at the Spring to march into France and to that purpose sent into England for more Forces The King and his Council approved his Design and engaged to send another Army to land at Cherburgh in due time to join him All this while the Duke had 5 Ibm. The Duke of Britan makes his Peace privately with France had Commissioners at Paris privately making his Peace with the Duke of Anjou which was concluded upon these Articles First it was agreed That the Duke of Britan should provide Ships to carry back the English into their own Country Secondly That the Garrison of Cherburgh The Articles of that Peace which was with the Earl before Nantes should if they would return thither by Land and have Safe Conduct Thirdly That after the departure of the English the Duke to go into France and do his Homage and Fealty to the French King as his Natural Lord. 6 Ibm. Soon after this Agreement the Duke came to Vannes and privately acquainted the Earl with it excusing himself by the obstinacy of his People and that otherwise he must have lost his Country 7 Ibm. On the 11th of April the Earl with the English set Sail from Vannes and other small Ports near and came for England About Michaelmass 8 Holinshed f. 428. and Walsingh f. 244. n. 20 30. The Duke of Lancaster went with a great Force into the North parts And did nothing the Duke of Lancaster the Earls of Warwick and Stafford with other Lords and great Soldiers with a great Force went into the North Parts to Account with the Scots for their late Invasion and lay so long in Northumberland as they ruined the Country more then a Scottish Irruption would have done They made a Truce with the Scots for half a year and so returned bringing nothing from Scotland but some Horses which they divided amongst themselves On Monday next after the 9 Ro. Parl. 4 Ric. II. n. 1 2. A Parlement at Northampton Feast of all All-Saints there was a Parlement holden at Northampton which was adjourned until Thursday at which time the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury then Chancellor tho many Temporal Lords were absent in the Marches of Scotland with the Duke of Lancaster declared the Causes of their
Rot. 73 penes Remem Regis in scacar to Require and Induce them to pay a certain Sum charged upon or demanded of them toward the War which at this time was a sixth part of their Goods which was required first and granted in London as an Example to other Places The Commissions for all Counties in England bear Date the 21st of Novemb. 23d of Ed. I. The King wanting more Money to carry on the War against France in his 7 Claus 23. Ed. 1. M. 3. Dors. Dated Sept. 30. Summons to Parlement Writ of Summons directed to Robert Winchelsey Arch-Bishop of Canterbury to a Parlement to be holden on the Sunday next after St. Martin or the 10th of November told him That he could not but sufficiently understand since it was known all the World over That the King of France had fraudulently surprised Gascony and not content therewith had provided a Navy and Army to invade England and destroy the The King of France provides a Fleet and Army to Invade England Nation and Language if his Power were answerable to his Detestable Purpose To prevent these Dangers and Designed Mischiefs this Parlement was called but it sat not on that day the King being busied at Winchelsea in Equipping his Fleet for the Defence of the Kingdom and so could not be there and for this cause as 't is said in the 8 Ib. M. 2. Dors de parliamente prorogando Writ it self it was Prorogued before meeting unto the Sunday next before St. Andrew which was in the 24th of his Reign the 23d ending November 16th In a short time the Clergy gave the King a Tenth of all their Moveable Goods toward Maintaining the War The Earls Barons and Knights and others of the Kingdom Comites Barones Milites omnes alii de Regno in subsidium Guerrae nostrae gave an Eleventh part of their Moveable Goods Nobis 9 Pat. 24 Ed. I. M. 22. De undecima septima levand Colligend undecimam fecerunt c. And the Citizens Burgesses and good Men of his Demeasn Cities and Burghs granted him a Seventh part c. Et Cives Burgenses alii probi homines de Dominicis nostris Civitatibus Burgis septimam nobis concesserint c. The Writ for Levying and Collecting this Seventh and Eleventh is dated Decemb. 4. very few days after their meeting in the 24th of his Reign The King of Scots by the Instigation of his People taking advantage The Scots take advantage by this War with France of this Rupture between England and France obstructed the Vigorous Prosecution of the War against the French and thinking to Disingage himself and them from the Power of King Edward behaved himself and suffered as hath been related before in its due place The 1 Walsingh f. 62 63 c. And also the Welsh Welsh these two or three last Years having as they thought opportunities by King Edward's being Diverted by his Wars with France and Scotland attempted several times under divers Leaders to Free themselves from Subjection to the English were at length reduced to perfect Obedience * Fol. 325. A. D. 1295. Mezery the French Historian says both these Nations put themselves in Arms against King Edward by the Instigation and Procurement of the King of France Immediately 2 Walsingh f. 68. N. 30 40. after the King and whole Kingdom of Scotland upon their Defections were reduced to obedience and had the second Time done Homage and sworn Fealty to King Edward as we have heard before he issued his Writs for a Parlement to be holden at St. Edmunds-Bury on the Morrow of All-Souls or Parlement at St. Edmonds-Bury A. D. 1296. Third of November Dated the 26th of August in the 24th of his Reign at Berwick upon Tweed 3 Append. N. 16. In that directed to the Archbishop he tells him That he the other Prelates and Clergy late assembled at Westminster when they Granted the Tenth of their Rents and Benefices for the Defence of the Kingdom until the Feast of St. Michael then next coming which Grant was accepted by him in hopes of a more plentiful Aid for the future from him and others which they promised should be sufficient for the same Cause unless in the mean time there was a Peace or Truce made between him and the King of France Therefore he enjoined him to be with his Prior Archdeacon and Procurators of the Clergy at Bury at the time appointed to order the Quantity and Manner of the Subsidy The Writs to the other Bishops the Abbots c. were like to this Those to the Noblemen and Sheriffs were only to Treat about the Dangers impending upon the whole Kingdom and Remedies to prevent them In this Parlement the Citizens and Burgesses gave an Eighth Part of their Goods the rest of the Laity granted a Twelfth Part the Clergy Nothing by reason of a Constitution made that Year and Published by Pope Boniface 4 Walsingh Ut supra N. 40 50. The Clergy deny the King a Subsidy He Summons another Parlement A quo Parliamento a Civitatibus Burgis concessa est Regi octava a populo vero reliquo i. e. a Comitibus Baronibus Militibus Duodecima pars bonorum Clerus ob constitutionem Bonifacii Papae hoc Anno editam c. Regi pro Guerra sua subsidium petenti Denegavit The King in hopes of a better Answer deferred this Business to be treated on in another Parliament to be holden at London on the morrow of St. Hilary January the 14th In the mean time * Mat. West fol. 428. N. 30. The K. shut-up the Barns and Granaries of the Clergy the King caused to be shut up and secured all the Barns Granaries and Store-houses of the Clergy and the Archbishop sent the Pope's Bull to be published in all Cathedrals forbidding under the Pain of Excommunication any thing to be paid to Secular Princes out of Ecclesiastick Revenues The Bull or Constitution runs thus Boniface c. For the Perpetual 5 Append. N. 17. Pope Boniface his Bull. Prohibiting the Clergy to pay Taxes to Secular Princes Memory of the Matter c. 't is often delivered from Antiquity that Lay-men are spiteful to Clergy-men and the Experience of the present Times manifestly declares it while not content with their own Bounds they strive after what is forbidden and let themselves loose to do Evil not wisely attending that for them to have any power over Clercs or Ecclesiastick Persons and their Goods is prohibited yet they impose grievous Burthens upon Prelates and Ecclesiastics Regular and Secular they Tax them and Exact and Extort from them a half Part a Tenth a Twentieth or some other part of their Revenues and Goods endeavouring many ways to bring them into Servitude and under their Power And with Grief we relate some Prelates and Ecclesiastics fearing where no fear is seeking transitory Peace fearing more to offend Temporal
according to the Original by others according to the Corrected Articles but 't is not very hard to see thro this Mystery for both Kings and their Sons were very strict and exact in Confirming both Copies of the Articles as they thought themselves obliged by Oath to do and first confirmed them at Calais before the King of France had his Liberty and afterwards at Bologn when he was free from his Imprisonment yet were not so strict and just in the observation of their Oaths in the performance and fulfilling of them but used and made their advantage of the different Copies of the Letters and Instruments as they served their turns All things at that time relating to this Peace at Bretigny that could be having been finished at Calais and Bologne the 1 Froysard lib. 1. c. 213 f. 108. b. A. D. 1360. The King returns to England with the Hostages for the Observation of the Peace of Bretegny King his Sons and others with the Hostages of France took Shipping on the Eve of All-Saints or last of October and came for England where the Lords and other 2 Ibm. Their Freedom and Kind Reception in England Hostages had all the Enjoyments of the City of London Hawked Hunted and Visited the Ladies in the Country without any Restraint the King's Favour being so great towards them It was not long after this 3 Ib. c. 214. Du Chesne f. 693. D. A. D. 1361. King Edward â—â—nt Commissioners into France to take Possession of what had been agreed on that King Edward sent his Commissioners into France to take possession of what was granted him and what he was to enjoy according to the Peace but several Lords in Languedoc and Gascogne refused at first to be wholly under the Power of the English notwithstanding the King of France had Released their Faith and Homage which they affirmed Several Earls Viscounts and Lords refuse to become his Subjects Yet at last submit against their Wills he could not do nor make them Subjects to another Man The Lords were the Earls of March Perrigort Gominges Arminac the Viscounts of Chastillon and Carmaing the Lords of Pincornet and d'Albret yet at last pressed by the King's Command and prevailed upon by the King's Cousin James of Bourbon who was sent Express to them they obeyed against their Wills The same Difficulties were found in 4 Ibm. in both The same difficulties of non-submission in Poictou c. Poictou Rochelois and Xantoigne The Rochellers excused themselves often praying King John he would not put them out of his Power that they might come under the power of the English shewing to him they had rather every year be Taxed to the half of their Goods then come under their Power yet at length they submitted declaring openly That they would obey but their Hearts could never be moved 5 Froys Ib. Du Chesne f. 694. A. Further Difficulties about Evacuating Garrisons This done King Edward made Sir John Chandos his Lieutenant who had possession given him of all the Lands Countreys Towns and Fortresses which he was to have in France by John de Maingre Marshal of France and Received the Fidelity and Homages of all the Earls Viscounts Barons Knights and Esquires Towns and Fortresses making and appointing Seneschals Bayliffs Governors and all Officers in all Places in the Name of the King of England and made his own Residence at Niort a City in Poictou Then these there were yet greater Difficulties for notwithstanding what the English and French Commissioners for evacuating the Garrisons held by or for the English could do 6 Froys Ib. f. 109. b. Robbers Plunderers and Disbanded Officers and Soldiers there were some that would not yield but pretended they were imployed by the King of Navarre There were also many Strangers great Captains and great 7 Ibm. Make a great Body and call themselves Companions Robbers or Pillagers as Almains Brabanters Flemmings Haynalders and Gascoins who would not quit their Imployments or the Kingdom of France but set up for themselves under the Name of Companions and the Disbanded Soldiers of such as gave up the Garrisons and freely left their present Imployments ran into them chose new Captains and formed themselves into a great Body of Men 8 Ib. f. 110. a. so as it was feared in time they might do more Mischief in France then the War had done 9 Walsingh f. 178. l. 9 13. f. 181. l. 9. The greater part of their Leaders were English or at least under the Dominion of the King of England yet would not obey his Orders answering they must live by what they got To reduce these or expel them the Nation 1 Froys Ib. c 215. f. 111. 4. James of Bourbon sent with an Army to reduce them the King of France sent his Cousin James of Bourbon with an Army which was routed and himself much wounded of which Wounds he died three days after 2 Ibm. which was routed and himself killed They divide into Two Bodies These Companions pillaged and plundered the Countreys and good Towns where-ever they came and by the encouragement of this Victory or Advantage they grew very numerous so as they divided themselves into Two Bodies one whereof lay at Ance upon the River Saone not far from Lyons 3 Ib. f. 111. b. One whereof marched toward Avignon And threatned the Pope and Cardinals the other marched down by the River Rhosne leaving Lyons toward Avignon and in their way took the Bridge and Town of Holy Spirit within Seven Leagues of that Place and other Fortresses making themselves Masters of that River in this Place they found great Riches and had contrived to proceed to Avignon and take it or bring the Pope and Cardinals under their Mercy Pope Innocent and the Cardinals much disturbed at the Proceedings of these People who besides Robbing and Plundering committed all sorts of 4 Ibm. A Croysado Preached up against them without effect horrid Villanies preached up a Croysado against them and absolved all from Crime and Punishment a culpa poena who would venture their Lives to destroy them 5 Ibm. The Artifice to divert them but this Design did not take and therefore they sent to the Marquis of Montferrat who had then War with the Milanese to come to Avignon 6 Ibm. where it was contrived That for a good Sum of ready Money and the Promise of great Pay he should attempt to get them into his Service which had its due effect for upon the Payment of the Money and his Promise they quitted the Town of St. Spirit and other Places and marched with him into Piedmont The other Body of Companions would not stir out of France but kept possession of what they had got and increased in their Numbers and Outrages During these Confusions in France King Edward sent his Commissioners Sir Thomas Vuedale and Mr. Thomas de Dunclent Licentiate in Laws to the King
Grievance to be That any Stranger might have a House and dwell in the City be a Broker and buy and sell all sorts of Merchandises by Retail and Stranger sell to Strangers that they may again sell the same Goods to others to the great raising the Price of Merchandises and making them Dear Whereas in times past no Strange Merchant used any of these Practices against the Franchises of the City by which the Merchants of the City were much impoverished the Navy or Shipping much impaired the Private Transactions of the Nation discovered by those Strangers to his Enemies by Spies and others lodging in their Houses And then pray it They pray Remedy would please the King and his good Council in Charity to order in that Parlement that Merchant Strangers should be restrained in these Practices and that the Major Aldermen and Commons of the said City might enjoy their Franchises notwithstanding any Statute or Ordinance made to the contrary The King's Answer was 1 Ibm. Ro. The King's Answer upon Condition c. That upon Condition the City might be under good Government to the Honour of him and Profit of the Kingdom from thence forward no Stranger should have a House to be a Broker nor Sell any Goods by Retail within the City or Suburbs notwithstanding any Statute or Ordinance to the contrary saving to the German Merchants of the Haâ—s-Towns their Franchises Granted and Confirmed to them His Letters Patents to the same purpose by the King and his Progenitors According to the Purport and Effect of this Answer the Major Aldermen and Citizens of London obtained the King's Letters Patents Dated the 4th of November next following The Commons Petition the King That whereas great Riots 2 Ib. n. 164. The Commons Petition against Riots were committed in several parts of the Nation by great numbers of Armed Men that the Sheriffs might raise the Posse Comitatus or Power of the County to suppress them and that the Sheriffs and Justices of Peace might inform the King's Council of such Rebels de tiels Rebelles as refused to go with them The Answer was 3 Ibm. Ro. The King's Answer The King by Advice of his great Council would order Remedy if need were but in the mean time let the Statutes concerning that Matter be put in due Execution This Parlement ended July the 6th in the 50th of Ed. III. Whether the Two Kings sent their Commissioners to Bruges on the 15th of September 1375 as was agreed on or if so what was done then I find not however the Truce continued for in The last Truce continued the next year in a Commission to Thomas de Felton Seneschal or Steward of Aquitan and others Dated the 28th of May in the 50th of Edward the Third for Reforming whatever had been done against the Form of the Truce in that Dutchy and punishing the Offenders it appears that the Truce had then been lately renewed and prolonged from the last day of June next coming when it was to have ended to the first of April which should be in the year 1377 or 51st of Edward the Third Holinshed Fol 411. col 1. n. 60. says it was again continued to the first of May and then the War opened But the King many months before the Expiration of the Truce The King of France designing against King Edward had notice of a Design forming against him by the King of France having made an Alliance with Spain and Scotland to that purpose wherefore on the first of December in the 50th of his Reign he issued 4 Clause 50 Ed. III. M 6. Dors Part 2. He calls a Parlement Writs for a Parlement to meet on the Quinden of St. Hillary or 27th of January next coming at Westminster which was held by Commission to the Prince of Wales then about 10 years of Age the Bishop of St. Davids being Chancellor Who 5 Rot. Parl. 51 Ed. III. n. 11 12 13 The Declaration of the Causes of Summons in his Declaration of the Causes of Summons moved the Lords and Commons to a due Love Affection and Obedience toward the King and his Grandchild the Prince of Wales and then tells the chief Cause of Summons was for the Defence of the Land for that the King having at the Request of the Pope agreed to a Treaty of Peace and that there was a Truce made for a time while a Peace might be made which Truce his Adversary of France had broken and was preparing for War and by the assistance of Spain Scotland and other Enemies to destroy the King Kingdom and English Language To obviate this Design and the Malice of his Enemies and to Maintain the Peace of the Nation within and without by their Counsel and Advice was his great Intention as also to know how the Expence of the War should be provided for and for that it was not fit for a Bishop to say any thing against the Pope Monsieur Robert de Ashton Chamberlain to the King was appointed to propound how further Provision might be made against his Vsurpations as should by a Bill be shewed in this Parlement At another 6 Ib. n. 18. meeting of the Prelates Lords and Commons in Parlement the Commons in the King's Name were directed to go to their Old Place the Chapter House of the Abby of Westminster there to treat and advise how due Resistance might be made to the Enemies of the Nation for the safety of the King Kingdom Navy and themselves and how Money might be most speedily raised to the least Grievance of the People The Prelates and Lords Treating likewise about the same Matters there was A Committee of Lords appointed by Parlement to Treat with the Commons assigned in Parlement to have Conference with the Commons for their better Information the Bishops of Lincoln Chichester Hereford and Salisbury the Earls of Arundel Warwick Salisbury and Stafford the Lords Percy Roos Fitzwalter and Basset To Maintain his 7 Ib. n. 19. Wars considering the great Charges the King was to be at for them the defence of the Kingdom and otherwise the Lords and Commons Grant him Four pence of the A Tax granted Goods of every Person des biens de chescune persone of the Kingdom Male and Female above Fourteen years of Age except very Beggers and most humbly pray their Liege Lord he would please to excuse them that they could grant him no greater Subsidy being most willing to have done it but that they were so impoverished of late by great Losses at Sea as otherwise pur grands perdes sur la meer come autrement that they were unable at present And the Commons 8 Ib. n. 20. Treasurers for the Tax prayed the King he would please to Name Two Earls and Two Barons that should be Treasurers as well of this Subsidy as of that the Clergie was yet to grant and also of the Subsidy of Wool Pelts and Leather
giving Aid to support these great Charges When the Duke of Lancaster 2 Wals f. 309. n. 20 30 40. Commissioners to be sent to the Parlement of Scotland from England and the same from Scotland to English Parlements The Scots kâ—pt not this Agreement was sent to Renew the Truce with Scotland it was agreed That for the Ease of both Nations and to save Charges there should be sent Commissioners of both Nations to every Parlement of either Nation who should represent the Injuries done to each other upon the Borders and receive Satisfaction according to the Judgment of the Lords The Scots sent not to this Parlement but did much Injury upon the Borders and received a Force from France to join with them against the English But hearing there were Preparations making against them toward or just after the end of the Parlement they sent their Commissioners who were rejected and sent home without Treaty The Chancellor 3 Rot. Parl. 7 Ric. II. n. 11. The Chancellor quickens the Lords to dispatch the King's Business c. Laying aside other Debates spake to the Lords a second time and told them The King commanded them to have due Consideration of the necessary Matters that had been declared to them and of the apparent importable Mischief and of the great Necessity he had for Money to prevent them And that they would Treat by themselves diligently upon these things with as much speed as might be laying aside the Debate of any other Matter in the mean time and to report their Advice from time to time to him And said further the King commanded them to treat from Day to Day and dispatch what they came for and not to depart from Parlement without his special Licence under the Peril that might happen And then 4 Ibm. n. 12 13. The Lords and Commons grant 2 half 15ths the Lords and Commons considering the outrageous Charge the King was to be at by reason of the War on every side then open granted two half Fifteenths upon Condition the Clergy would contribute and grant as became them In this Parlement 5 Ibm. n. 18. The Bishop of Norwich accused by the Chancellor His Crime and Punishment the Bishop of Norwich was accused by the Chancellor in several Articles for his Miscarriages in his late Expedition One was That he had promised to serve the King with such a Number of Men for a whole Year and served but half a Year and then returned with his Army ruined c. Of which Article he could not clear himself 6 Ibm. n 23. and therefore was adjudged to make Fine and Ransom at the King's Pleasure and the Temporalities of his Bishoprick to be seized for that Purpose Sir William Ellingham Sir Thomas Trivet Sir Henry de Ferrers 4 Knights accused for selling Fortresses and Sir William de Harnedon were accused in Parlement before the Lords 7 Ibm. n. 24. for receiving Money for the Delivery of several Fortresses the Sums in the whole amounting to 20000 Franks in Gold They all made pitiful Excuses and craved the King's Mercy 8 Ibm. n. 25. The Judgment against them Judgment was pronounced by the Chancellor That they should refund what they had received to the King and remain in Prison until they had made Fine and Ransom to him Before 9 Wals f. 308. n 10. A Truce with the French for half a year Christmas the Duke of Lancaster went into France to Treat of Peace between the Two Kingdoms but brought back with him a Truce only until Midsummer next following when he was to return again upon the same Errand In the beginning of February 1 Ibm. n 20 30. Sedition moved in the City of London A Shoemaker the great Promoter of it How it was stayed John Northampton alias Comberton who had been Major the Year before moved Sedition in the City of London and went up and down the Streets often with great Numbers of People following him and when the present Major Sir Nicholas Brembre prepared to oppose him a Shoemaker one of his Favourers moved the Rabble to stand by him who by the Advice of Sir Robert Knolles was taken out of his House and had his Head cut off Which Act stayed the Insurrection and Commotion of People at that time who as it was then said had conspired to Murther the Major and many other worthy Men of the City This Shoemaker's Name was John Constantyn who was the Cause of great Disturbances Commotions and Insurrections in the City who was not drawn out of his House and presently beheaded by the Advice of Sir Robert Knolles tho' very probably he might be the Person that did seize or ordered him to be seized 2 Pat. 7 Ric. Ii M. 16. p. 2. but was taken on the 11th of February at the Head of the Rabble and carried presently to the Guild-Hall and arraigned as one of the first Movers of Sedition by Witnesses sworn and examined and his own Confession was adjudged to Death and had his Head cut off which Judgment was presently Recorded and was afterward confirmed by the King 3 Claus 7 Ric. II. M. 9. on the 9th of February preceeding John Northampton was sent to Corfe-Castle there to be kept Prisoner until the King by Advice of his Council should otherwise dispose of him In Lent the Duke of Lancaster 4 Wals f. 308. n. 40 50. f. 309. The Duke of Lancaster marched with a great Force into Scotland and his Brother the Earl of Buckingham went with a very great Force towards Scotland of Knights Esquires and Archers but staid so long upon the Borders as all the Victuals were consumed whereby the Inhabitants received more Injury than by the Invasion of the Scots Toward Easter he entred Scotland where by his Delays the Scots had time enough to secure their Goods and Persons and finding nothing but Hunger and Cold returned with a hard Report having lost Returns with a hard Report many Men and Horses After their Departure the Scots invaded the North Parts plundered the Country and burnt Towns as the English had done in Scotland This Year 5 Rot. Claus 7 Ric. II. M. 10. Dors A. D. 1385. A Parlement at Salisbury The Duke of Lancaster accused of Treason by a Frier The Frier murthered before he came to make good his Information there was another Parlement holden at Salisbury on the Friday after St. Mark or 25th of April In this Parlement says Walsingham Fol. 309. n. 20 30 40 50. a Carmelite Frier accused the Duke of Lancaster that he designed to kill the King and usurp the Kingdom The Duke desired he might be secured until he made good the Accusation against him and was so But the Night before the Day on which he was to do it he was most barbarously murthered Tho' he says he was accused in Parlement yet as he relates the Story it was before the Council and must be so
of God Amen I Richard by the Grace of God King of England and France and Lord of Ireland do Absolve the Arch-Bishops Bishops and other Prelates whatsoever of Churches Secular or Regular of what Dignity Degree State or Condition they are Dukes Marquesses Earls Barons Vassals Valvassores and my Liege Men whatsoever Ecclesiastick or Secular by whatever Name they are called from the Oath of Fealty and Homage and all others to me made and from all Bond of Ligeance Regality and Government or Command by which they have been or may be bound to me and them their Heirs and Successors for ever from the same Obligations Oaths and other Things whatsoever I free release and quit and make them free absolved and quit as to my Person according to the whole Effect of the Law which may follow from the Premisses or any of them And I do purely freely of my own accord simply and absolutely in the best Manner Way and Form that I can by this Writing Renounce wholly Resign and by Word and Deed put from me and recede for ever from all Royal Dignity and Majesty the Crown and Lordship and the Power of the said Kingdoms and Lordship and other my Dominions and Possessions which may any way belong to me and to all Right Colour of Right and Title Possession and Dominion that I ever had have or may have in the same or any of them also the Government and Administration of the said Kingdoms and Lordship and all mere and mixt Empire in the same and to all Honour and Royalty therein saving to my Successors Kings of England in the Kingdoms Dominions and Premisses for ever their Competent Rights And I do Confess Acknowledge Repute and truly of certain Knowledge Judge my self to be insufficient for the Government of the said Kingdoms and Dominions and for my notorious Demerits not unworthily Deposed And I Swear by these Holy Gospels of God by me Corporally touched That I never will Contravene this Resignation Renunciation Dimission and Cession or will any way oppose them in Word or Deed by my self or others nor will suffer them to be opposed or contravened as much as in me is publickly or privately but the same Renunciation Resignation Dimission and Cession will for ever hold firm and will firmly hold and observe them in the whole and every part as God and his Gospels help me Ego Richardus Rex antedictus propria manu hic me subscribo I King Richard beforesaid write my self with my own Hand And 5 5 Ib. n. 14. presently he added to his Renunciation and Cession That if it was in his Power the Duke of Lancaster should succeed him but seeing it was not he desired the Arch-Bishop of York and Bishop of Hereford who he had appointed to declare his Renunciation and Cession to the States of the Kingdom to intimate his Will and Pleasure to them and as a further Mark of his Intention he pulled his Signet Gold Ring off his own Finger and put it upon the Dukes desiring it might be made known to all the States of the Kingdom On the Morrow 6 6 Ib n. 15. being Tuesday the Feast of St. Hierom the Parlement met in Westminster-Hall where the Arch-Bishop of York and Bishop of Hereford publickly declared the King's Cession and Renunciation with the Subscription of the King's Hand and also the delivery of the Signet to the Duke of Lancaster The Cession and Renunciation was first read in Latin then in English and the States and People there present were asked if for their own Interest and the Profit of the Nation they would admit the Cession and Renunciation they unanimously answered They would admit it After 7 7 Ib. n. 16. which Admission it was publickly proposed That besides that it would be much expedient and advantageous to the Nation and to take away all scruples and sinister suspicions that many Crimes and Defects committed by the said King during the time of his Government for which as confessed in his Cession he might be worthily Deposed might be drawn up in Writing and publickly read and declared to the People The Tenor of all which Articles is such Here the Entry upon the Roll is confused and impertinent and such must be the Translation The Form 8 Ibm. of the Oath which the Kings of England usually take at their Coronation follows which is exacted and received from them by the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury as it is contained in the Pontifical Books of the Arch-Bishops and Bishops Which Oath was received from Richard King of England the Second after the Conquest by the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury and afterwards Repealed as may be found upon Record in the Rolls of Chancery Thou 9 Ib. n. 17. shalt wholly preserve the Peace of the Church and People of God and Concord in God according to thy Power and shall Answer I will preserve them Thou shalt cause to be done in all thy Judgments equal and right Justice and Discretion in Mercy and Truth according to thy Power and shall Answer I will do it Thou dost Grant that just Laws and Customs are to be holden and dost Promise to Protect and Confirm them to the Honour of God which the Communalty have chosen according to your Power and shall Answer I Grant and Promise To these such Questions may be added which are just which the King is to Confirm by his Oath upon the Altar before all Persons The Objections against the King concerning his Deposition do follow FIrst 1 1 Ib. n. 18. It is Objected to King Richard That for his Evil Government by giving the Goods and Possessions of the Crown to Unworthy Persons and indiscreetly dissipating of them and for this cause imposing grievous and intolerable Burthens upon the People and otherwise committing other innumerable Evils Having by his Assent and Command by the whole Parlement chosen and assigned certain Prelates and other Lords Temporal who with all their Power should faithfully labour at their own Costs about the just Government of the Kingdom made a Conventicle of his Accomplices proposing to impeach of High Treason the said Lords Spiritual and Temporal so imployed about the Government of the Kingdom and violently drew the Justices of the Kingdom to Confirm his Wicked Purpose for fear of Death and Torment of Body endeavouring to destroy the said Lords Secondly The same 2 2 Ib. n. 19. King lately at Shrewsbury caused to come before him and others that favoured him in a Chamber many Persons and the greater part of the Justices where by Threats and divers Terrors he induced caused and forced them singly to Answer to certain Questions on his behalf touching the Laws of his Kingdom against their Will and otherwise then they would have answered had they not been forced By Colour of which Answers the same King propounded to have proceeded to the Destruction of Thomas Duke of Glocester the Earls of Arundel and Warwick and other Lords with whom
of the Marches of Wales and the Butler of Ireland Earl of Ormond 4 Ibm. To this Parlement the Earl of Lancaster the Lord Wake and other Noblemen came not tho' they came armed near to the Place 5 Knighton col 2554 n. 10 20 c. They raise an Army for the Queen against the Earl of Lancaster These new Earls and their Adherents raised a great Army for Queen Isabel against Henry Earl of Lancaster and other Great Men who had not consented to their wicked Deeds and with a great Force of English and Welsh marched to Leicester and there plundered and spoiled the whole Country The Earl of Lancaster was then in the South parts of the Nation with great Force and marching toward Roger Mortimer and his Army encamped near Bedford intending to give him Battel where the King 's two Unkles 6 Ibm. â—â— 40 50. The King 's two Unkles leave the Earl of Lancaster Thus deserted he makes his Submission Thomas of Brotherton and Edmund Earl of Kent left him and submitted themselves to the Queen-Mother and Mortimer Seeing himself thus deserted he made his Submission to the King before the whole Army and was by the Mediation of Simon Arch-Bishop of Canterbury and other Bishops reconciled to him 7 Claus 3 Ed. III. M. 31. Dors making Oath with others in his Company and giving Security by Recognisances That he nor they should attempt any thing upon the Bodies of the King the two Queens nor of any others great or small of their Council or that were about them nor should do or procure to be done any Evil Injury or Damage unto them privately or openly nor Assent to the doing thereof On the 25th of 8 Claus 4. Ed. III. M. 41. Dors A. D. 1329. A Parlement at Winchester January the First Day of the Fourth Year of his Reign the King Summoned a Parlement to meet at Winchester on the Sunday before St. Gregory or 13th of March where on 9 Wals f. 129. n. 20 30. The Earl of Kent adjudged to death in that Parlement For intending to deliver his Brother K Ed. out of Prison the morrow of that Feast or 12th of that Month the Earl of Kent was seized and adjudged to Death 'T is not agreed amongst the Historians about the Cause of his Death Most report it was for his Designing to set his Brother King Edward II. at Liberty being then as was reported and by him supposed to be living and Prisoner in Corf-Castle In the Articles against Mortimer presently to be mentioned 't is urged upon him That he was the Author of the Report to the Earl of his Brother 's not being dead and that he invented it to trick him out of his Life Edmund Son and Heir to Edmund Earl of Kent and his Mother Margaret Countess of Kent * Rot. Parl. 4 Ed. III. n. n. 11 12. His Son restored to the Blood and Lands of his Father requiring the Record made against the said Earl might for the Errours therein be revoked set forth in their several Petitions That his Father and her Husband was informed by Roger Mortimer Sir John Maltravers and other his Accomplices That King Edward was alive after he was Murdered with design to deceive him into a pretended Contrivance with them to release and deliver him out of Prison for which he lost his Life and Estate in the Parlement at Winchester as Mortimer confessed to the People at his Death and that he died wrongfully Whereupon Edmund was Restored to the Blood and Lands of his Father and the Countess to her Dower might have hapned out of regard to the King departed and went toward their own Countries grieving that they might not speak with or advise their Liege Lord as they ought 4. Also The said Roger by the said usurped Power caused the King to march forcibly against the Earl and other Peers of the Land which were appointed to be with the King to Advise him and so prosecuted them with Force that the said Earl and some others of his Company that wished Good to the Kingdom submitted to the King's Grace saving to them Life and Member and that they might not be Disherited nor have too great a Fine set upon them yet he caused them to be Fined so grievously as half their Lands if sold right out would only pay it and the others he caused to be driven out of the Nation and their Lands to be seized against the Form of the Great Charter and Law of the Land 5. Also Whereas the said Roger knew well the King's Father was Dead and Buried he by others of his Party in deceivable manner informed the Earl of Kent that he was alive wherefore the Earl being desirous to know whether it was so or not used all the good ways he could to discover the Truth and so long as the said Roger by his usurped Royal Power caused him to be apprehended in the Parlement holden at Winchester and so pursued him as in that Parlement he procured his Death Also The said Roger by his usurped Royal Power caused the King to give to him and his Children and Confederates Castles Towns Mannors and Franchises in England Ireland and Wales in Decrease of the Revenues of the Crown 7. Also The said Roger in deceivable manner caused the Knights of Shires at the Parlement at Winchester to grant to the King one Man at Arms of every Town of England that answered in Eyre by Four and the Provost at their cost for a Year in his War in Gascoign which Charge he contrived for the Advantage of himself and Party in Destruction of the People 8. Also The said Roger by his Power caused Summons to be sent to many great Knights and others That they should come to the King where-ever he was and when they came he caused them to be charged to prepare themselves to go into Gascoign or Fine at his Pleasure which Fines were for the Benefit of him and his Party 9. Also The said Roger falsly and maliciously made Discord between the King's Father and his Queen and possessed her That if she went to him she should be killed with a Dagger or otherwise Murdered And by this way and his other Subtilties he so ordered it that she would not come at her Lord to the great Dishonour of her Son and self and great Damage to the whole Realm perchance in time to come which God forbid 10. Also the said Roger by his Usurped Royal Power had caused to be taken for him and his Party the King's Treasure as much as he pleased without Tale in Money and Jewels in destruction of the King so as he had not wherewithall to pay for his Victuals 11. Also the said Roger by the said Power caused to be shared by him and his Confederates the 20000 Marks which came out of Scotland for the Articles of Peace without any thing received by the King 12. Also the said Roger by his Royal Power received
King's Person and in his Court to appoint a Chancellor Barons and Officers in the Exchequer Judges of one Bench and the other That they might know their Names and what they were to do and the Method they were to take in the Regulation of the Nation after these things were done They also 7 Ibm. n. 25 26. They petition for an end of the War Petition an End might be made of the War which was in great part maintained by the Goods which the Enemies of the Nation took by Sea and Land from the English to the great Slander of the Government and Nation and Destruction of the whole Realm They likewise Petition That certain of the Chief 8 Ibm. n. 28 29. They Petition certain Persons may inspect the Grievances above noted No answer made to this Clercs in Chancery certain Justices Barons of the Exchequer and others Learned in the Law not there named might consult of the Grievances above and that certain Merchants not named might declare the Causes of the Low Prices of our Commodities carrying over our Money Washing and Clipping thereof But I find no report made of this Matter or Remedy ordered There is something in the Statutes at Large in this Year about Exportation of Money and the Exchequer Cap. 2. 9 10 11 12 13. The Commons 9 Ibm. n. 30. brought into Parlement a Schedule containing The Commons propound 3 sorts of Pardons to be granted by the King The first Three Articles for Three sorts of Pardons if the King would please to grant them The first was for the Lords Gentlemen and others that in Resistance of the Riotors and Traytors caused some of them to be slain without due Process of Law for which see the Statutes at Large of this Year Cap. 5. The Statute there exactly agrees with the Record The second 1 Ibm. The 2d sort to appease and quiet the wicked People concerning Treason and Felony committed in the Riots and Tumults which was granted 2 Ibm. n. 32. Several Town excepted out of these Pardons to all and singular Persons except such as were of the Towns of Canterbury St. Edmonds-Bury Beverly Scharburgh Bridgewater and Cambridge except also the Persons whose 3 Append. n. And those that killed the A. Bo. c. Names were after written and were brought into Parlement as the Chief and Principal Excitors and Movers of the Insurrections in the several Countries and those that killed the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury Lord Chancellor the Prior of St. Johns Lord Treasurer and John Cavendish Lord Chief Justice and except such as had escaped out of Prison and had not then rendred themselves Provided that such as received Damages and Losses by these Insurrections Provided notwithstanding those which had received Damages might recover Recompence by Law should not by this Pardon be foreclosed from recovering Recompence by due course of Law The Third was for 4 Ib. Rot. Parl. 5 Ric. II. n. 32. The Third sort of Pardons the good People that kept themselves in Peace and were no ways consenting to or concerned in the Tumults and Insurrections The Forms of the Pardons were now drawn and read tho the King had not yet passed them Afterwards upon 5 Ib. n. 95. The Towns above all Pardoned except St. Edmonds-Bury the Petition of the Commons That the Towns above-named might with other Towns receive the Benesit of the Pardon excedpt those Persons that were specially excepted which the King except the Town of St. Edmond's-Bury that for their outrageous 6 Ibm. Ro. And except the Persons whose Names were delivered into Parlement in Writing and horrible Wickedness so long continued he would not have comprised in his Grace and except also the Persons whose Names were delivered into Parlement as the chief and principal Beginners Abettors and Procurers of the late Outrageous Treason After the Business of the Pardons the Commons make a 7 Ib. n. 34. The Commons rehearse their Grievances Rehearsal of their Requests and Grievances they would have amended and desire to have a view of what was done in that Matter The King tells them 8 Ibm. n. 35. The King tells them of his great Expences and Necessity he had been at great Expence in quieting the Nation in the late Tumults and otherwise as was declared to them before by his Officers and that he was to be at further great Expences by reason of the Queen's coming her Marriage and Coronation which were suddenly to be Celebrated also in guarding the Seas and keeping his Fortresses beyond Sea and for the defence of the Realm at home for the discharge of which Debts and the supply of his Expences he had nothing in Treasure or otherwise The Commons 9 Ib. n. 36. They answer they neither dare or would grant any Tallage answered That considering the Evil Hearts and Rancour of the People thro the whole Realm they neither dare nor would grant any manner of Tallage They desire the 1 Ib. n. 37 38. They desire the Parlement may be adjourned and to see the Method of his Grace and Favour Parlement may be adjourned till after Christmass which was granted and then they also desire again to see the Method of his Grace and Favour The King 2 Ib. n. 39. The King adviseth of his General Pardon until the Commoos should do what belonged to them Replied it was not the Custom of Parlement to have a General Pardon and such favour from the King when the Commons would not grant him any thing and told them he would advise of his Grace and Pardon until they should do what belonged to them and said further it was Customary to grant Pardons the last day of the Parlement when he answered their Supplications and Petitions in Writing Whereupon 3 Ib. n. 40. The Prelates Lords and Commons grant the Subsidy of Wooll the Commons came into Parlement before the Lords saying they had advised and considered the great Charge of the King as well here as beyond Sea and then the Prelates Lords and Commons granted a Subsidy of Wooll Leather and Woollfells until Candlemass next coming as it was last granted which was read in Parlement as also the Declaration of the The Commons much joyed at the King's Grace King's Grace at which the Commons were much joyed and thanked the King most humbly and intirely for the same In this * Ibm. n. 45. The Practice of the Town of Cambridge against the University Parlement there were great Complaints made of the Mayor Bayliffs and Commonalty of the Town of Cambridge for their Evil Practices as well out of the Town in the Country as in it against the Vniversity in the time of the late Tumults as by the * Ib. n. 54. Bill exhibited against them may appear wherein it is set forth That they went to Corpus Christi or Benedict College where they seised the Charters Writings Books and Records
for there is nothing of this Accusation on the Parlement-Roll About the 6 Wals f. 310. n. 30. A. D. 1385. 8 Ric. II. The Duke of Lancaster goes into France makes only a Truce for 3 quarters of a year His extravagant Expences beginning of August the Duke of Lancaster went into France to Treat about a Peace or Truce He staid there long with many Noblemen and made a Truce only to the first of May next coming and then returned after the Expence of 50000 Marks While the * Ib. n. 40 50. John of Northampton's Trial and Judgment Duke was in France the King called many of the Noblemen together at Reding where John of Northampton was Tried for his late Practices in London when he was Convicted by the Testimony of his Clerc and Sentence was to be given upon him in the King's Presence He said such Judgment ought not to pass upon him in the Absence of his Lord the Duke which brought ill Suspicions upon him The Judge told him That he was to acquit himself by Duel of the Crimes laid against him or by the Laws of the Land to be Drawn Hanged and Quartered To which making no Answer he was condemned to perpetual Prison above 100 Miles from London and sent to Tintagel-Castle in Cornwal and the Goods to be seized to his King's Use Some time after the King * Ibm. f. 314. n. 50. The Duke of Lancaster was to have been Arraigned of High-Treason intending to Arraign the Duke of Lancaster upon several Articles of Treason before Sir Robert Trisilian Lord Chief Justice whereas he ought to have been Tried by his Peers he Victualled and Manned his Castle of Pontfract and stood upon his Guard until his Peace was made by the Princess of Wales his Mother On the 7 Rot. Parl. 8 Ric. II. n. 1 2 3. A Parlement The cause of Summons morrow of St. Martin or 12th of November a Parlement assembled at Westminster The Chancellor shewed the King's great Care of the Church Commons and Laws of England and further shewed how the Nation was invironed with Enemies the French Spaniards Scots and Flemings and that the chief cause of calling the Parlement was to provide for the Safety and Defence of the Kingdom and to consider how this Provision might best and most speedily be made and so as the poor People might be least burthened and withal let them know the King offered to go in his own Person for Defence of the Kingdom against any Enemy by the Advice of his Council These things considered 8 Ibm. n. 10. Two 15ths granted the Lords and Commons granted the King for the Defence of the Kingdom the Safeguard of the Sea and Marches of Scotland Two Fifteenths one to be paid at Lady-Day next coming the other at Midsummer upon condition that the last half Fifteenth granted at Salisbury might not be paid And in case the King went not in his own Person against his Enemies or that Peace or Truce should be made with them then the latter of these Two Fifteenths not to be Levied In this Parlement 9 Ibm. n. 13. The Judgment against Alice Perrers repealed Alice Perrers the Wife of Sir William Windsor petitioned to have the Judgment and Order made against her in the 50th of Edward III. and the Judgment and Statute made against her in the first of this King to be repealed and that she might be restored to all her Lands and Tenements 1 Ibm. Ro. Which was granted by Advice and Assent of the Lords and Commons so as the Gifts and Grants of any of the Lands Tenements and Houses repealed may remain in force There is nothing more concerning Scotland and England in our Historians for this Year but alternate Invasions as they found or made Opportunities and burning and plundering each others Countries Next Year 2 Knight col 2674 n. 60. The French and Scots join to invade England John de Vienna Admiral of France came from thence with a great Fleet and in June transported an Army into Scotland to join with the Scots to invade England The King prepares an Army to march into Scotland and sends the Duke of Lancaster with a good Force before to secure the Borders 3 Ibm. col 2675. n. 10. The King marcheth into Scotland with a great Army On the 7th of July the King was at Leicester and the Queen with him and there went before came with and followed him the Flower of the English Militia Earls Barons Knights Esquires Valets and others to a vast Number With this Royal Army the King marched into Scotland but could not find the Scots or at least could not follow them into the Woods Forests Fastnesses or the High-lands whither they drove with them their great Cattel 4 Ib. n. 20 30 40. The Scots fly into the Woods and High-lands Finding nothing in the Country he burnt Edinburgh and many other Towns cut down Woods and burnt them likewise While these things were doing by the English toward the High-lands about Edinburgh and in the East-Marches the Scots and French slipt the English entred the The French and Scots march into England West-Marches burnt Penreth plundered the Country took many Captives and made an Attempt upon Carlisle but hearing of the coming of the English got again into their own Country 5 Wals f. 317. n. 30. and do more Mischief there than the King with his Army did in Scotland A mighty Fleet prepared by carrying more out of England than the King with his Royal Army carried out of Scotland While the English Army was in Scotland the King of France was providing a mighty Fleet and Army at Sluis in Flanders to invade England Froysart 6 Vol. 2. cap. 53 53 54. the King of France to invade England says this Navy was Twelve hundred and eighty seven Ships in September 1386. at Sluis and Blanqueberg and adds since God created the World there was never seen so many great Ships together The Land-Forces were according to this mighty Fleet and the King having notice of these vast Preparations provided accordingly both by Sea and Land to intercept them or hinder their Descent 7 Ibm. c. 59. The Wind held contrary so as they could not pass toward England until after St. Andrew or 30th of November when a Council being called it was resolved it being so late in the Year the Expedition was laid aside until April or May following 8 Ib. c. 60. Froysard says he had an Account of the great Provision the Dauphin of Avergn made for this Voyage from himself In the 9th of this King a Parlement was 9 Claus 9 Ric. II. M. 45 Dors A. D. 1386. holden at Westminster on the Friday next after St. Luke in which the Lords Great Men and the Communities of Counties Cities and Burghs 1 Rot. Parl. 9 Ric. II. n. 10. A Tax granted for the Duke of Lancaster's Voyage into Spain Memorandum