by_o such_o provision_n to_o all_o other_o part_n of_o england_n but_o do_v also_o farnish_v the_o want_n of_o foreign_a country_n with_o her_o plenty_n by_o mean_n of_o this_o and_o the_o intercourse_n of_o traffic_n which_o it_o have_v the_o place_n be_v grow_v excee_v rich_a and_o populous_a before_o the_o conquest_n it_o be_v call_v monk-ch_a have_v be_v 〈…〉_z in_o the_o possession_n of_o monk_n and_o chester_n be_v add_v which_o signify_v a_o bulwark_n or_o place_n of_o defence_n show_v that_o in_o ancient_a time_n it_o have_v be_v a_o place_n of_o fortification_n 8_o after_o the_o conquest_n it_o get_v the_o name_n of_o newcastle_n by_o the_o new_a castle_n which_o robert_n the_o son_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n build_v there_o out_o of_o the_o ground_n what_o it_o be_v call_v in_o old_a time_n be_v not_o know_v yet_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o may_v be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v gatrosentum_n for_o that_o gateshead_n the_o suburb_n as_o it_o be_v of_o the_o same_o express_v in_o the_o own_o proper_a signification_n that_o british_a name_n gatrosentum_n it_o be_v now_o most_o ennoble_v both_o by_o the_o haven_n which_o tyne_n make_v of_o that_o notable_a depth_n that_o it_o bear_v very_o tall_a ship_n and_o be_v able_a to_o defend_v they_o against_o storm_n and_o tempest_n as_o also_o by_o many_o favour_n and_o honour_n wherewith_o it_o have_v be_v dignify_v by_o pace_n for_o richard_n the_o second_o grant_v that_o a_o sword_n shall_v be_v carry_v before_o the_o mayor_n and_o henry_n the_o six_o make_v it_o a_o county_n consist_v of_o a_o corporation_n within_o itself_o it_o be_v adorn_v with_o four_o church_n and_o fortify_v with_o strong_a wall_n that_o have_v eight_o gate_n it_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o first_o west_n line_n 21_o degree_n and_o 30_o minute_n and_o from_o the_o equinoctial_a live_v towards_o the_o north-pole_n thirtiefoure_a degree_n and_o fiftie-seaven_a minute_n 9_o the_o utmost_a town_n in_o england_n and_o the_o strong_a hold_n in_o all_o britain_n be_v berwick_n from_o whence_o it_o have_v the_o name_n be_v not_o certain_o make_v know_v some_o fetch_v it_o from_o berengarius_fw-la a_o duke_n never_o read_v of_o howsoever_o this_o be_v better_a to_o be_v say_v then_o trust_v and_o whence_o soever_o it_o have_v the_o name_n it_o be_v seat_v between_o two_o mighty_a kingdom_n shoot_v far_o into_o the_o sea_n with_o the_o which_o and_o the_o river_n tweed_n it_o be_v almost_o encompass_v and_o whensoever_o any_o discord_n fall_v between_o the_o two_o nation_n this_o place_n be_v the_o first_o thing_n they_o take_v care_n of_o it_o have_v endure_v the_o brunt_n of_o diverse_a inroad_n and_o incursion_n and_o be_v oftentimes_o both_o possess_v and_o repossess_v of_o the_o scot_n and_o english_a but_o since_o it_o be_v reduce_v under_o the_o command_n of_o edward_n the_o four_o our_o king_n have_v from_o time_n to_o time_n so_o strengthen_v it_o with_o new_a work_n and_o fortification_n as_o they_o cut_v off_o all_o hope_n of_o win_v it_o the_o governor_n of_o this_o town_n be_v also_o warden_n of_o the_o east_n march_v against_o scotland_o the_o longitude_n of_o it_o according_a to_o mathematical_a observation_n be_v 21._o degree_n and_o 43._o minute_n the_o latitude_n 55._o degree_n and_o 48._o minute_n 10_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o county_n be_v a_o warlike_a people_n and_o excellent_a light_a horseman_n and_o be_v make_v fierce_a and_o hard_o by_o the_o several_a encounter_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o not_o much_o unlike_o they_o in_o neither_o betwixt_o who_o in_o this_o county_n many_o battle_n have_v be_v fight_v and_o the_o success_n oftentimes_o wave_v through_o very_o doubtful_o the_o victory_n sometime_o fall_v to_o the_o scot_n sometime_o to_o the_o english_a at_o otterburne_n be_v one_o in_o which_o three_o or_o four_o time_n it_o stand_v doubtful_o indifferent_a till_o in_o the_o end_n the_o scot_n get_v the_o upper_a hand_n of_o the_o english_a howbeit_o their_o glory_n be_v not_o make_v so_o illustrious_a by_o this_o conquest_n but_o that_o it_o be_v as_o much_o darken_v by_o the_o foil_n they_o receive_v at_o aâ—wicke_n where_o william_n king_n of_o scot_n be_v take_v and_o present_v prisoner_n to_o henry_n the_o second_o as_o also_o by_o that_o battle_n at_o brumridge_n where_o king_n athelstan_n fight_v a_o pitch_a field_n against_o anlafe_a the_o dane_n constantine_n king_n of_o scot_n and_o eugenius_n king_n of_o cumberland_n and_o that_o with_o such_o fortunate_a success_n as_o it_o have_v leave_v matter_n sufficient_a to_o fill_v the_o pen_n of_o historian_n flodden_n field_n also_o memorable_a in_o the_o death_n of_o james_n the_o four_o king_n of_o scot_n who_o be_v there_o slay_v and_o his_o army_n overthrow_v in_o a_o sharp_a fight_n as_o he_o display_v his_o banner_n in_o great_a hope_n against_o england_n when_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o lay_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o turnay_n in_o france_n 11_o other_o battle_n in_o this_o county_n have_v be_v as_o that_o at_o hexam_n call_v by_o bede_n hangustald_v wherein_o john_n nevil_n marquesse_n montacute_n encounter_v the_o leader_n of_o the_o lancastrian_n faction_n with_o much_o courage_n and_o with_o great_a success_n put_v they_o to_o flight_n for_o which_o he_o be_v make_v earl_n of_o northumberland_n by_o edward_n the_o four_o as_o also_o that_o at_o dilston_n by_o bede_n call_v divelshurâ—e_v where_o oswald_n have_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n for_o his_o defence_n and_o armour_n slay_v cedwall_n the_o britain_n in_o a_o set_a battle_n himself_o straightway_n become_v a_o profess_a christian_a and_o cause_v his_o people_n to_o be_v instruct_v in_o christian_a religion_n 12_o many_o memorable_a antiquity_n be_v find_v in_o this_o country_n along_o the_o wall_n and_o in_o other_o place_n as_o piece_n of_o coin_n inscription_n break_a and_o unperfect_a altar_n etc._n etc._n the_o ruin_n of_o the_o wall_n yet_o to_o be_v see_v but_o none_o that_o deserve_v more_o to_o be_v remember_v then_o wall-towne_n by_o bede_n call_v ad_fw-la muruâ—_n for_o that_o segebert_n king_n of_o the_o eastsaxons_a be_v in_o it_o baptize_v in_o the_o christian_a faith_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o paulinus_n and_o halyston_n where_o the_o same_o paulinus_n be_v say_v to_o have_v baptize_v many_o thousand_o into_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o primitive_a church_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n 13_o busy-gap_n be_v a_o place_n infamous_a for_o rob_v and_o thieve_v and_o be_v therefore_o rather_o remember_v as_o a_o cautiatory_a note_n for_o such_o as_o have_v cause_n to_o travel_v that_o way_n then_o for_o any_o proper_a matter_n of_o worth_n it_o have_v that_o merit_v place_n with_o other_o part_n of_o this_o province_n other_o matter_n of_o observation_n be_v only_o these_o that_o north_n tyne_n run_v through_o the_o wall_n water_n two_o dale_n which_o breed_v notable_a light_a horseman_n and_o both_o of_o they_o have_v their_o hill_n hard_a by_o so_o boggy_a and_o stand_v with_o water_n on_o the_o top_n that_o no_o horseman_n be_v able_a to_o ride_v through_o they_o and_o yet_o which_o be_v wonderful_a there_o be_v many_o great_a heap_n of_o stone_n call_v law_n which_o the_o neighbour_a people_n be_v very_o persuade_v be_v cast_v up_o and_o lay_v together_o in_o old_a time_n in_o remembrance_n of_o some_o that_o be_v slay_v there_o there_o be_v also_o a_o martial_a kind_n of_o man_n which_o lie_v out_o up_o and_o down_o in_o little_a cottage_n call_v by_o they_o sheals_n and_o shealing_n from_o april_n to_o august_n in_o scatter_a fashion_n summer_v as_o they_o term_v it_o their_o cattle_n and_o these_o be_v such_o a_o sort_n of_o people_n as_o be_v the_o ancient_a nomades_n the_o last_o not_o least_o matter_n of_o note_n be_v this_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o morpeth_n set_v their_o own_o town_n on_o fire_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1215._o in_o the_o spite_n they_o bear_v to_o king_n john_n for_o that_o he_o and_o his_o rutar_n overranne_a these_o country_n man_n island_n chapter_n xliii_o the_o i_o will_v of_o man_n be_v term_v by_o ptolemy_n mâ—neda_n by_o pliny_n menavia_n by_o orosius_n menania_n by_o beda_n menania_n secunda_fw-la and_o by_o gyldas_n 〈◊〉_d and_o mâ—naw_v the_o britain_n name_v it_o menâ—w_o the_o inhabitant_n maâ—â—ge_n and_o we_o englishman_n the_o i_o will_v of_o man_n it_o bound_v northward_o upon_o scotland_n southward_o upon_o the_o i_o will_v of_o anglesey_n eastward_o upon_o part_n of_o 〈◊〉_d shire_n and_o westward_o upon_o the_o coast_n of_o ireland_n 2_o the_o form_n be_v long_o and_o narrow_a for_o from_o 〈◊〉_d to_o the_o mull-hil_n where_o it_o be_v long_a it_o only_o stretch_v itself_o to_o twenty_o nine_o mile_n but_o from_o the_o wide_a part_n which_o be_v from_o peele-castle_n to_o douglas-point_n be_v scarce_o nine_o the_o whole_a compass_n about_o
three_o archflamin_n who_o seat_n be_v at_o london_n caerlion_n and_o york_n all_o of_o they_o convert_v by_o king_n lucius_n into_o christian_a bishop_n see_v let_v we_o only_o insist_v upon_o the_o three_o last_o by_o the_o same_o king_n appoint_v to_o be_v metropolitan_n over_o the_o rest_n among_o who_o london_n be_v say_v to_o be_v chief_a who_o be_v first_o christian_a archbishop_n be_v thean_n the_o builder_n of_o s._n peter_n church_n in_o cornhill_n for_o his_o cathedral_n as_o by_o a_o ancient_a table_n there_o late_o hang_v be_v affirm_v and_o tradition_n to_o this_o day_n do_v hold_v our_o british_a historian_n do_v bring_v a_o succession_n of_o fifteen_o archbishop_n to_o have_v sit_v from_o his_o time_n unto_o the_o come_n of_o the_o saxon_n who_o last_o be_v vodius_n slay_v by_o king_n vortiger_n for_o reprehend_v his_o heathenish_a marriage_n with_o râ—wâ—n_n the_o daughter_n of_o hengist_n at_o what_o time_n begin_v the_o misery_n of_o the_o land_n and_o of_o holy_a religion_n both_o which_o they_o lay_v waste_v under_o their_o profane_a foot_n until_o ethelbert_n of_o kent_n the_o first_o christian_n saxon_n king_n advance_a christainitie_n &_o augustine_n to_o the_o archbishopricke_a of_o canterbury_n when_o london_n under_o melitus_n become_v subject_a to_o that_o see_n 6_o at_o caerlion_n upon_o vske_n in_o the_o time_n of_o great_a arthur_n sit_z dubritius_fw-la a_o man_n excellent_o learn_v and_o of_o a_o holy_a conversation_n he_o have_v sit_v bishop_n of_o landaffe_n a_o long_a time_n and_o with_o germanus_n and_o lupus_n two_o french_a bishop_n great_o impugn_a the_o pelagian_n heresy_n infect_v at_o that_o time_n the_o island_n very_o far_o who_o fame_n and_o integrity_n be_v such_o that_o he_o be_v make_v archbishop_n of_o all_o wales_n but_o grow_v very_o old_a he_o resign_v the_o same_o unto_o davia_n his_o disciple_n a_o man_n of_o great_a birth_n but_o great_a austerity_n of_o life_n who_o by_o consent_n of_o king_n arthur_n remove_v his_o archbishop_n see_v unto_o menevia_fw-la a_o place_n very_o solitary_a and_o meet_a for_o meditation_n the_o miracle_n of_o the_o man_n which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v many_o change_v both_o the_o name_n of_o the_o place_n into_o his_o own_o and_o rob_v caerlion_n of_o her_o archiepiscopall_a seat_n this_o see_v of_o saint_n david_n as_o in_o a_o ancient_a register_n belong_v to_o that_o church_n be_v record_v have_v seven_o bishop_n suffragans_n subject_a unto_o it_o which_o be_v exeter_n bath_n he_o eford_v landaffe_n bangor_n s._n asaph_n and_o â—eâ—nes_n in_o ireland_n notwithstanding_o either_o for_o want_v of_o pall_n carry_v into_o britanny_n by_o archbishop_n samâ—son_n in_o a_o dangerous_a infection_n of_o sickness_n either_o by_o poverty_n or_o negligence_n it_o lose_v that_o jurisdiction_n and_o in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o become_v subject_a to_o the_o see_v of_o canterbury_n 7_o york_n have_v have_v better_a success_n then_o either_o of_o the_o former_a in_o retain_v her_o original_a honour_n though_o much_o impair_v in_o her_o circuit_n challenge_v to_o have_v be_v some_o time_n metropolitan_a over_o all_o the_o bishop_n in_o scotland_n and_o although_o it_o be_v make_v equal_a in_o honour_n and_o power_n with_o canterbury_n by_o pope_n gregory_n as_o beda_n relate_v and_o have_v twelve_o suffragan_n bishopricke_n that_o owe_v obedience_n only_o four_o now_o acknowledge_v york_n their_o metropolitan_a but_o canterbury_n the_o superior_a for_o william_n the_o conqueror_n think_v it_o dangerous_a to_o have_v two_o in_o like_a authority_n lest_o the_o one_o shall_v set_v on_o his_o crown_n and_o the_o other_o strike_v it_o off_o left_a york_n to_o be_v a_o primate_n but_o canterbury_n only_o the_o prinâ—â—â—_n of_o all_o england_n 8_o the_o lichfield_n be_v make_v a_o archiepiscopall_a see_v by_o pope_n hadrian_n the_o first_o at_o the_o suit_n of_o offa_n the_o great_a king_n of_o mercia_n be_v manifest_v by_o matthew_n of_o westminster_n unto_o who_o jurisdiction_n be_v assign_v the_o bishopricke_n of_o winchester_n hereford_n leicester_n sidnacester_n helmâ—am_n and_o dunwich_n and_o who_o first_o and_o last_o bishop_n be_v aldwin_n that_o winchester_n also_o have_v intend_v a_o archiepiscopall_a pall_n the_o same_o author_n record_v when_o henry_n bloys_n of_o the_o blood_n royal_a great_o contend_v with_o the_o arch_a bishop_n of_o canterbury_n for_o superiority_n under_o the_o pretence_n of_o be_v cardinal_n de_fw-fr latere_fw-la to_o he_o a_o archiepiscopall_a pall_n be_v send_v with_o power_n and_o authority_n over_o seven_o church_n but_o he_o die_v before_o that_o the_o design_n be_v do_v the_o see_v of_o winchester_n remain_v in_o subjection_n to_o canterbury_n and_o that_o long_o before_o the_o see_v of_o dorchester_n by_o oxford_n have_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o a_o archbishop_n be_v apparent_a by_o those_o province_n that_o be_v under_o his_o diocese_n which_o be_v winchester_n oxford_n lincoln_n salisbury_n bâ—estow_v wells_n lichfield_n chester_n and_o excester_n and_o the_o first_o bishop_n of_o this_o great_a circuit_n berinuâ—_n be_v call_v the_o apostle_n and_o bishop_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n which_o in_o his_o next_o successor_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n winchester_z and_o dorchester_n and_o not_o long_o after_o into_o lichfield_n sidnacester_n and_o legecester_n and_o last_o the_o see_v remove_v from_o dorchester_n to_o lincoln_n as_o now_o it_o be_v and_o thus_o far_o for_o the_o division_n of_o this_o realm_n both_o politic_a and_o ecclesiastic_a as_o it_o have_v stand_v and_o stand_v at_o this_o day_n 9_o but_o the_o whole_a land_n division_n by_o most_o certain_a record_n be_v ancient_o make_v when_o julius_n agricâ—la_n draw_v a_o trench_n or_o fortification_n upon_o that_o narrow_a space_n of_o ground_n betwixt_o edenbrough_n frith_n and_o dunbretton_n bay_n make_v the_o southern_a part_n a_o province_n unto_o the_o roman_a empire_n afterward_o hadrian_n the_o emperor_n see_v perhaps_o the_o province_n too_o spacious_a to_o be_v well_o govern_v without_o great_a expense_n draw_v back_o these_o limit_n almost_o fourscore_o mile_n shotter_n even_o to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n tyne_n whence_o he_o fortify_v with_o a_o wall_n of_o admirable_a work_n unto_o carlisle_n which_o stand_v the_o land_n border_n while_o it_o stand_v as_o a_o roman_a province_n yet_o the_o conquer_a saxon_n do_v spread_v again_o over_o those_o bound_n and_o as_o seem_v enlarge_v their_o government_n to_o that_o first_o tract_n as_o by_o this_o inscription_n in_o a_o stone_n cross_n stand_v upon_o a_o bridge_n over_o the_o water_n of_o frith_n appear_v i_o be_o a_o free_a march_n as_o passenger_n may_v ken_v to_o scot_n to_o britain_n and_o to_o englishman_n 10_o but_o afterward_o william_n the_o conqueror_n and_o malcolm_n king_n of_o scotland_n fall_v to_o a_o agreement_n for_o their_o limit_n arrear_v a_o cross_n upon_o stanemore_n where_o on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o portraiture_n and_o arm_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v sculpture_v and_o of_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n on_o the_o other_o a_o piece_n whereof_o be_v yet_o remain_v there_o near_o to_o the_o hospital_n thence_o call_v the_o reu-crosse_n there_o erect_v to_o be_v a_o mearestone_n to_o either_o kingdom_n his_o successor_n also_o abolish_v the_o two_o partition_n in_o the_o west_n whereby_o the_o welsh_a become_v one_o nation_n and_o kingdom_n with_o the_o english_a it_o be_v also_o say_v that_o king_n stephen_n to_o purchase_v friendship_n with_o the_o scottish_a nation_n give_v unto_o their_o king_n the_o county_n of_o cumberland_n who_o with_o it_o hold_v both_o westmoreland_n and_o northumberland_n but_o as_o newbrigensis_n write_v he_o restore_v they_o to_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o wise_o consider_v his_o great_a power_n and_o right_a to_o those_o part_n kent_z chapter_n iii_o kent_z the_o first_o province_n appear_v in_o the_o south_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v bound_v upon_o the_o north_n with_o the_o famous_a river_n thamisis_n on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o german_a ocean_n on_o the_o south_n with_o sussex_n and_o the_o narrow_a sea_n and_o upon_o the_o west_n and_o sussex_n and_o surrey_n the_o length_n thereof_o extend_v from_o langley_n in_o the_o west_n unto_o ramsgate_n eastward_o in_o the_o isle_n of_o thanet_n be_v about_o 53._o english_a mile_n from_o rother_n in_o the_o south_n unto_o the_o isle_n of_o graine_n northward_o the_o breadth_n be_v not_o much_o above_o 26._o and_o the_o whole_a circumference_n about_o 160._o mile_n 2_o inform_v it_o somewhat_o resemble_v the_o head_n of_o a_o hammer_n or_o battle-axe_n and_o lie_v corner-wise_a into_o the_o sea_n by_o strabo_n caesar_n diadorus_n and_o ptolemie_n call_v cantium_n of_o cant_n or_o angle_n or_o corner_n either_o of_o cain_n a_o british_a word_n which_o signify_v bush_n or_o wood_n whereof_o that_o county_n in_o those_o former_a time_n be_v plentiful_o store_v 3_o the_o air_n though_o not_o very_o
be_v fourscore_o and_o two_o mile_n 3_o the_o air_n be_v so_o cold_a and_o sharp_a be_v border_a upon_o the_o 〈◊〉_d part_n and_o for_o her_o shelter_n have_v but_o a_o wall_n of_o water_n they_o have_v few_o wood_n only_o they_o light_v sometime_o upon_o so_o subterranean_a tree_n bury_v under_o the_o ground_n by_o dig_v up_o the_o earth_n for_o a_o clammy_a kind_n of_o 〈◊〉_d which_o they_o use_v for_o fuel_n 4_o the_o soil_n be_v reasonable_a fruitful_a both_o for_o cattle_n fish_n and_o corn_n yet_o it_o rather_o commend_v the_o pain_n of_o the_o people_n than_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o ground_n for_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n it_o yield_v sufficiency_n of_o every_o thing_n for_o itself_o and_o send_v good_a store_n into_o other_o country_n it_o have_v field_n by_o good_a manure_a plenteous_a of_o barley_n and_o wheat_n but_o especial_o 〈…〉_z and_o from_o hence_o it_o come_v that_o the_o people_n eat_v most_o of_o all_o oaten-bread_n it_o bear_v abundance_n of_o 〈◊〉_d and_o flax_n and_o be_v full_a of_o mighty_a flock_n of_o sheep_n and_o other_o cattle_n yet_o be_v they_o small_a in_o body_n than_o we_o have_v in_o england_n and_o be_v much_o like_a to_o the_o cattle_n in_o ireland_n that_o be_v neighbour_a upon_o it_o 5_o this_o commodity_n make_v this_o island_n more_o happy_a than_o we_o be_v here_o for_o the_o people_n be_v there_o free_a from_o unnecessary_a commencement_n of_o suit_n from_o long_a and_o dilatory_a plea_n and_o from_o frivolous_a see_v of_o lawyer_n no_o judge_n or_o clerk_n of_o the_o court_n take_v there_o any_o penny_n for_o draw_v instrument_n or_o make_v of_o process_n all_o controversy_n be_v there_o determine_v by_o certain_a judge_n without_o write_n or_o other_o charge_n and_o they_o they_o call_v deemster_n and_o choose_v forth_o among_o themselves_o if_o any_o complaint_n be_v make_v to_o the_o magistrate_n for_o wrong_n either_o do_v or_o suffer_v he_o present_o take_v up_o a_o stone_n and_o fix_v his_o mark_n upon_o it_o and_o so_o deliver_v it_o unto_o the_o party_n plaintiff_n by_o virtue_n of_o which_o he_o both_o call_v his_o adversary_n to_o appearance_n and_o to_o produce_v his_o witness_n if_o the_o case_n fall_v out_o to_o be_v more_o litigious_a and_o of_o great_a consequence_n than_o can_v easy_o be_v end_v it_o be_v then_o refer_v to_o twelve_o man_n who_o they_o term_v the_o key_n of_o the_o island_n another_o happiness_n enrich_v this_o island_n namely_o the_o security_n and_o government_n thereof_o as_o be_v defend_v from_o neighbour_n enemy_n by_o soldier_n that_o be_v press_v and_o ready_a for_o on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o i_o will_v stand_v balacuri_a the_o bishop_n chief_a place_n of_o residence_n and_o the_o pyle_n and_o a_o block-house_n stand_v in_o a_o little_a island_n where_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a garrison_n of_o soldier_n and_o it_o be_v so_o well_o manage_v for_o matter_n of_o rule_n and_o civil_a discipline_n that_o tuery_n man_n there_o possess_v his_o own_o in_o peace_n and_o safety_n no_o man_n live_v in_o dread_n or_o danger_n of_o lose_v what_o he_o have_v man_n be_v not_o there_o incline_v to_o rob_v or_o thieve_v or_o licentious_a live_n 6_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o island_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n religious_a and_o love_v to_o their_o pastor_n to_o who_o they_o do_v much_o reverence_n and_o respect_n frequent_v daily_o to_o divine_a service_n without_o division_n in_o the_o church_n or_o innovation_n in_o the_o commonweal_n the_o wealthy_a sort_n and_o such_o as_o hold_v the_o fair_a possession_n do_v imitate_v the_o people_n of_o lanca-shire_n both_o in_o their_o honest_a carriage_n and_o good_a housekeep_n howbeit_o the_o common_a sort_n of_o people_n both_o in_o their_o language_n and_o manner_n come_v nigh_a unto_o the_o irish_a although_o they_o somewhat_o relish_v and_o favour_n of_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o norwegian_n 7_o thing_n not_o worthy_a to_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o grave_n of_o oblivion_n be_v that_o this_o island_n in_o the_o midst_n thereof_o rise_v up_o with_o hill_n stand_v very_o thick_a among_o which_o the_o high_a be_v call_v sceafull_a from_o whence_o upon_o a_o clear_a and_o fair_a day_n a_o man_n may_v easy_o see_v three_o kingdom_n at_o once_o that_o be_v scotland_n england_n and_o ireland_n this_o i_o will_v prohibit_v the_o customary_a manner_n ofbeg_v from_o door_n to_o door_n detest_a the_o disorder_n as_o well_o civil_a as_o ecclesiastical_a of_o neighbour_n nation_n and_o last_o not_o least_o that_o deserve_v to_o be_v commit_v to_o memory_n be_v that_o the_o woman_n of_o this_o country_n wheresoever_o they_o go_v out_o of_o their_o door_n gird_v themselves_o about_o with_o the_o winding-sheete_n that_o they_o purpose_v to_o be_v bury_v in_o to_o show_v themselves_o mindful_a of_o their_o mortality_n and_o such_o of_o they_o as_o be_v at_o any_o time_n condemn_v to_o die_v be_v sow_v within_o a_o sack_n and_o fling_v from_o a_o rock_n into_o the_o sea_n 8_o the_o whole_a isle_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n south_n and_o north_n whereof_o the_o one_o resemble_v the_o scotish_n in_o speech_n the_o other_o the_o irish_a it_o be_v defend_v by_o two_o castle_n and_o have_v seventeen_o parish_n five_o market-town_n and_o many_o village_n a_o chronicle_n of_o the_o king_n of_o man._n chapter_n xliiii_o it_o be_v here_o very_o pertinent_a to_o the_o purpose_n to_o insert_v a_o small_a history_n of_o this_o island_n that_o the_o achievement_n heretofore_o have_v may_v not_o be_v utter_o bury_v although_o they_o be_v wax_v very_o old_a and_o almost_o tear_v from_o remembrance_n by_o the_o tooth_n of_o time_n it_o be_v confess_v by_o all_o that_o the_o britain_n be_v hold_v this_o island_n as_o they_o do_v all_o britain_n but_o when_o the_o nation_n from_o the_o north_n overflow_v those_o south_n part_n like_o violent_a tempest_n it_o become_v subject_a to_o the_o scot_n afterward_o the_o norwegian_n who_o do_v most_o hurt_v from_o the_o northern_a sea_n by_o their_o manifold_a robbery_n make_v this_o island_n and_o the_o hebrides_n to_o be_v their_o baunt_n and_o erect_v lord_n and_o petry_n king_n in_o the_o same_o as_o be_v express_v in_o this_o chronicle_n write_v as_o be_v report_v by_o the_o monk_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o russin_n a_o chronicle_n of_o the_o king_n of_o man._n anno_fw-la dom._n 1065._o edward_n of_o bless_a memory_n king_n of_o england_n depart_v this_o life_n and_o harald_n the_o son_n of_o godwyn_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n against_o who_o harald_n harfager_n king_n of_o norway_n come_v into_o the_o field_n and_o fight_v a_o battle_n at_o stainford-bridge_n but_o the_o english_a obtain_v the_o victory_n put_v they_o all_o to_o flight_n out_o of_o which_o chase_n godr_v surname_v crovan_n the_o son_n of_o harald_n the_o black_a of_o iseland_n come_v unto_o godred_a the_o son_n of_o syrric_n who_o reign_v then_o in_o man_n and_o honourable_o receive_v he_o 2_o the_o same_o year_n william_n the_o bastard_n conquer_a england_n and_o godr_v the_o son_n of_o syrric_n die_v his_o son_n fingal_n succeed_v he_o 3_o an._n 1066._o godred_a crovan_n assemble_v a_o great_a fleet_n and_o come_v to_o man_n and_o seek_v with_o the_o people_n of_o the_o land_n but_o receive_v the_o worst_a and_o be_v overcome_v the_o second_o time_n renew_v his_o force_n and_o his_o fleet_n he_o fail_v into_o man_n and_o join_v battle_n with_o the_o manksman_n but_o be_v vanquish_v as_o before_o and_o drive_v out_o of_o the_o field_n howbeit_o what_o he_o can_v not_o at_o first_o bring_v to_o pass_v with_o power_n in_o those_o two_o several_a onser_n he_o afterward_o effect_v by_o policy_n for_o the_o three_o time_n gather_v a_o great_a multitude_n together_o he_o arrive_v by_o night_n in_o the_o haven_n call_v raâ—sey_n and_o hide_v three_o hundred_o man_n in_o a_o wood_n which_o stand_v upon_o the_o hang_a hollow_a brow_n of_o a_o hill_n call_v sceafull_a the_o sun_n be_v rise_v the_o manksman_n put_v their_o people_n in_o order_n of_o battle_n and_o with_o a_o violent_a charge_n encounter_v with_o godred_a the_o fight_n be_v hot_a for_o a_o time_n and_o stand_v in_o a_o doubtful_a suspense_n till_o those_o three_o hundred_o man_n start_v out_o of_o the_o ambush_n behind_o their_o back_n begin_v to_o foil_v the_o manksman_n put_v they_o to_o the_o worst_a and_o force_v they_o to_o fly_v who_o see_v themselves_o thus_o discomfit_v and_o find_v no_o place_n of_o refuge_n leave_v they_o to_o escape_v with_o pitiful_a lamentation_n submit_v themselves_o unto_o godred_a and_o beseech_v he_o not_o to_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n such_o poor_a remainder_n of_o they_o as_o be_v leave_v alive_a godr_v have_v compassion_n on_o their_o calamity_n for_o he_o have_v be_v nurse_v for_o a_o time_n and_o bring_v up_o among_o
the_o only_a university_n then_o in_o europe_n shall_v be_v erect_v school_n for_o the_o hebrew_n greek_a arabic_a and_o chaldean_a tongue_n and_o that_o oxford_n shall_v be_v the_o general_a university_n for_o all_o england_n ireland_n scotland_n and_o wales_n which_o point_n be_v likewise_o of_o such_o weight_n with_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n that_o from_o this_o precedent_n of_o oxford_n university_n it_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o english_a nation_n be_v not_o only_o to_o have_v precedence_n of_o spain_n in_o all_o general_n counsel_n but_o be_v also_o to_o be_v hold_v equal_a with_o france_n itself_o by_o which_o high_a prerogative_n this_o of_o we_o have_v always_o so_o flourish_v that_o in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o 〈◊〉_d thirty_o thousand_o student_n be_v therein_o resident_a as_o archbishop_n armachanus_fw-la who_o then_o live_v 〈◊〉_d write_v and_o â—…ger_n than_o also_o live_v show_v that_o for_o all_o the_o civil_a war_n which_o hinder_v such_o 〈◊〉_d of_o quiet_a study_n yet_o 15000._o student_n be_v there_o remain_v who_o name_n say_v he_o be_v 〈◊〉_d in_o matricula_fw-la in_o the_o matriculation_n book_n about_o which_o time_n john_n baltol_n the_o father_n of_o baltol_n king_n of_o scot_n build_v a_o college_n yet_o bear_v his_o name_n anno_fw-la 1269._o and_o walter_n merton_n bishop_n of_o rochester_n that_o which_o be_v now_o call_v merton_n college_n both_o of_o they_o beautify_v with_o building_n and_o enrich_v with_o land_n and_o be_v the_o first_o endow_v college_n for_o learning_n in_o all_o christendom_n and_o at_o this_o present_a 〈◊〉_d sixteen_o college_n beside_o another_o new_o build_v with_o eight_o hals_n and_o many_o most_o 〈…〉_z church_n all_o adorn_v with_o most_o stately_a building_n and_o enrich_v with_o great_a endowment_n noble_a library_n and_o most_o learned_a graduate_n of_o all_o profession_n that_o unless_o it_o be_v her_o sister_n cambridge_n the_o other_o nurse_v breast_n of_o this_o land_n the_o like_a be_v not_o sound_v again_o in_o the_o world_n this_o city_n be_v also_o honour_a with_o a_o episcopal_a see_n as_o for_o the_o site_n thereof_o it_o be_v remove_v from_o the_o equator_fw-la in_o the_o degree_n 52._o and_o one_o minute_n and_o from_o the_o west_n by_o mercators_n measure_n 19_o degree_n and_o â—0_n minute_n 8_o as_o this_o county_n be_v happy_a in_o the_o possession_n of_o so_o famous_a a_o academy_n so_o be_v it_o grace_v with_o most_o princely_a palace_n appertain_v to_o the_o english_a crown_n whereof_o woodstock_n be_v the_o most_o ancient_a and_o magnificent_a build_v to_o that_o glory_n by_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o and_o enlarge_v with_o a_o labyrinth_n of_o many_o wind_n by_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o to_o hide_v from_o his_o jealous_a juno_n his_o entire_o belove_a concubine_n rosamond_n clifford_n a_o damsel_n of_o surpass_a beauty_n where_o notwithstanding_o follow_v by_o a_o clew_n of_o silk_n that_o fall_v from_o her_o lap_n she_o be_v surprise_v and_o poison_v by_o queen_n eleanor_n his_o wife_n and_o be_v first_o bury_v at_o godstow_n nunnery_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o choir_n under_o a_o hearse_n of_o silk_n set_v about_o with_o light_n who_o hugh_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n think_v it_o a_o unfit_a object_n for_o virgin_n devotion_n cause_v to_o be_v remove_v into_o the_o church_n yard_n but_o those_o chaste_a sister_n like_v so_o well_o the_o memory_n of_o that_o kind_a lady_n as_o that_o her_o bone_n they_o translate_v again_o into_o their_o chapel_n bensington_n be_v another_o of_o his_o majesty_n manor_n build_v by_o william_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr pole_n duke_n of_o suffolk_n but_o now_o in_o neglect_n through_o the_o annoyance_n arise_v from_o the_o water_n or_o marsh_n adjoin_v house_n build_v for_o devotion_n and_o for_o abuse_v suppress_v and_o again_o put_v down_o the_o chief_a in_o account_n be_v enisham_n osney_n bruâ—rn_n godstow_n burchester_n and_o tame_a beside_o s._n frideswides_n and_o very_o many_o other_o stately_a house_n of_o religion_n in_o the_o city_n gloucestershire_n chapter_n xxiii_o gloucestershire_n lie_v border_v upon_o the_o north_n with_o worcester_n and_o warwicke-shire_n upon_o the_o east_n with_o oxford_n and_o wileshire_n upon_o the_o south_n altogether_o with_o sommersetshire_n and_o upon_o the_o west_n with_o the_o river_n wye_n and_o hereford-shire_n 2_o the_o length_n thereof_o extend_v from_o bristol_n upon_o the_o river_n auon_n in_o her_o south_n unto_o clifford_n upon_o another_o auon_n in_o her_o north_n be_v about_o forty_o eight_o mile_n and_o her_o broad_a part_n from_o east_n to_o west_n be_v from_o lechlad_a unto_o preston_n contain_v twenty_o eight_o the_o whole_a circumference_n about_o one_o hundred_o thirty_o eight_o mile_n 3_o the_o form_n whereof_o be_v somewhat_o long_a and_o narrow_a the_o air_n thereof_o be_v pleasant_a sweet_a and_o delectable_a and_o for_o fruitfulness_n of_o soil_n hear_v malmesbury_n and_o not_o i_o the_o ground_n of_o this_o shire_n throughout_o say_v he_o yield_v plenty_n of_o corn_n and_o bring_v forth_o abundance_n of_o fruit_n the_o one_o through_o the_o natural_a goodness_n only_o of_o the_o ground_n the_o other_o through_o the_o diligent_a manure_n and_o tillage_n in_o such_o wise_a that_o it_o will_v provoke_v the_o lazy_a person_n to_o take_v pain_n here_o you_o may_v see_v the_o highway_n and_o common_a lane_n clad_v with_o apple_n tree_n and_o pear_n tree_n not_o ingraft_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o man_n hand_n but_o grow_v natural_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n the_o ground_n of_o itself_o be_v so_o incline_v to_o bear_v fruit_n and_o those_o both_o in_o taste_n and_o beauty_n far_o exceed_v other_o and_o will_v endure_v until_o a_o new_a supply_n come_v there_o be_v not_o any_o country_n in_o england_n so_o thick_o set_v with_o vineyard_n as_o this_o province_n be_v so_o plentiful_a of_o increase_n and_o so_o pleasant_a in_o taste_n the_o very_a wine_n make_v thereof_o carry_v no_o unpleasant_a tartness_n as_o be_v little_a inferior_a in_o sweet_a verdure_n to_o the_o french_a wine_n the_o house_n be_v innumerable_a the_o church_n pass_v fair_a and_o the_o town_n stand_v very_o thick_a but_o that_o which_o add_v unto_o all_o good_a gift_n a_o special_a glory_n be_v the_o river_n severne_n than_o which_o there_o be_v not_o any_o in_o all_o the_o land_n for_o channel_n broad_a for_o stream_n swift_a or_o for_o fish_n better_o store_v there_o be_v in_o it_o a_o daily_a rage_n and_o fury_n of_o water_n which_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o i_o may_v call_v a_o gulf_n or_o whirlepole_n of_o wave_n raise_v up_o the_o sand_n from_o the_o bottom_n wind_a and_o drive_v they_o upon_o heap_n sometime_o overflow_a her_o bank_n roâ—eth_v a_o great_a way_n upon_o the_o face_n of_o her_o border_a ground_n and_o again_o retire_v as_o a_o conqueror_n into_o the_o usual_a channel_n unhappy_a be_v the_o vessel_n which_o it_o take_v full_a upon_o the_o side_n but_o the_o watermen_n well_o wear_v thereof_o when_o they_o see_v that_o hydra_n come_v turn_v the_o vessel_n upon_o it_o and_o cut_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o whereby_o they_o check_v and_o avoid_v her_o violence_n and_o danger_n 4_o the_o ancient_a people_n that_o possess_v this_o province_n be_v the_o dobuni_fw-la who_o spread_v themselves_o further_o into_o oxford_n shire_n but_o betwixt_o the_o severne_n and_o wye_n be_v seat_v part_n of_o silures_n or_o inhabitant_n of_o south_n wales_n and_o upon_o what_o ground_n i_o know_v not_o let_v lawyer_n dispute_v it_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o some_o part_n of_o this_o shire_n enjoy_v a_o private_a custom_n to_o this_o day_n that_o the_o good_n and_o land_n of_o condemn_a person_n fall_v unto_o the_o crown_n but_o only_o for_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n and_o then_o return_v to_o the_o next_o heir_n contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o all_o england_n beside_o 5_o the_o general_a commodity_n of_o this_o shire_n be_v corn_n iron_n and_o wool_n all_o pass_a fine_a beside_o pasturage_n fruit_n and_o wood_n which_o last_o be_v much_o lessen_v by_o make_v of_o iron_n the_o only_a bane_n of_o oak_n elm_n and_o beech._n 6_o these_o with_o all_o other_o provision_n be_v trade_v through_o twenty_o five_o market-town_n in_o this_o county_n whereof_o two_o be_v city_n of_o no_o small_a import_n the_o first_o be_v gloucester_n from_o who_o the_o shire_n take_v name_n seat_v upon_o severne_n near_o the_o midst_n of_o this_o shire_n by_o antonine_n the_o emperor_n call_v glewm_fw-la build_v first_o by_o the_o roman_n and_o set_v as_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o silures_n to_o yoke_v they_o where_o their_o leâ—ion_n call_v colonia_n glewm_fw-la lay_v it_o have_v be_v wall_v about_o except_v that_o part_n that_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o river_n the_o ruin_n whereof_o in_o many_o place_n appear_v and_o some_o part_n yet_o stand_v do_v well_o witness_v their_o strength_n
retire_v themselves_o thither_o and_o to_o make_v it_o their_o receptacle_n for_o solitude_n have_v on_o the_o west_n and_o south_n northumberland_n and_o more_o south-eastward_a the_o island_n farne_n 2_o the_o form_n of_o it_o be_v long_o and_o narrow_a the_o west_n side_n narrow_a than_o the_o east_n and_o be_v both_o conjoin_v by_o a_o very_a small_a spang_n of_o land_n that_o be_v leave_v unto_o comes_n the_o south_n be_v much_o 〈◊〉_d than_o the_o rest_n it_o be_v from_o east_n to_o west_n about_o two_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o pase_n and_o from_o north_n to_o south_n twelve_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o pase_n so_o that_o the_o circumference_n can_v be_v great_a 3_o the_o air_n be_v not_o very_o good_a either_o for_o health_n or_o delight_n as_o be_v seat_v on_o those_o part_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o extremity_n of_o cold_a and_o great_o trouble_v with_o vapour_n and_o toggy_a mist_n that_o arise_v from_o the_o sea_n 4_o the_o soil_n can_v be_v rich_a be_v rocky_a and_o full_a of_o stone_n and_o unfit_a for_o corn_n and_o tâ—â—age_n it_o be_v neither_o commend_v for_o hill_n to_o seed_n sheep_n nor_o pasture_n to_o fit_a cattle_n 〈…〉_z replenish_a with_o sweet_a spring_n or_o run_v rivellet_n only_o one_o except_v 〈…〉_z stand_v pond_n the_o only_a thing_n this_o island_n yield_v be_v a_o stand_v accommodate_v 〈…〉_z and_o fowl_v 5_o notwithstanding_o this_o be_v very_o worthy_a of_o note_n concern_v the_o same_o which_o alcun_fw-fr write_v in_o a_o epistle_n to_o egelred_n king_n of_o northumberland_n namely_o that_o it_o be_v a_o place_n more_o venerable_a than_o all_o the_o place_n of_o britain_n and_o that_o after_o the_o departure_n of_o s._n paulinus_n from_o york_n there_o christian_a religion_n begin_v in_o their_o nation_n though_o afterward_o it_o there_o feel_v the_o first_o beginning_n of_o misery_n and_o calamity_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o spoil_n of_o pagan_n and_o mâ—â—â—oants_n 6_o it_o be_v also_o remember_v of_o this_o island_n that_o sometime_o there_o have_v be_v in_o it_o a_o episcopal_a see_v which_o aâ—dan_n the_o scot_n institute_v be_v call_v thither_o to_o preach_v the_o christian_a faith_n to_o the_o people_n of_o northumberland_n be_v thus_o delight_v with_o the_o solitary_a situation_n thereof_o as_o a_o most_o fit_a place_n for_o retire_v but_o afterward_o when_o the_o danesâ—isled_v â—isled_z and_o rob_v all_o the_o seacoast_n the_o episcopal_a see_v be_v translate_v to_o durham_n 7_o this_o island_n so_o small_a in_o account_n either_o for_o compass_n or_o commodity_n and_o so_o unpeople_v and_o unprofitable_a can_v be_v numerous_a in_o town_n and_o village_n it_o have_v in_o it_o only_o one_o town_n with_o a_o church_n and_o a_o castle_n under_o which_o there_o be_v a_o commodious_a haven_n defend_v with_o a_o block-house_n situate_v upon_o in_o hill_n towards_o the_o southeast_n farneile_n this_o i_o will_v south-eastward_a seven_o mile_n from_o holy_a island_n show_v itself_o distant_a almost_o two_o mile_n from_o bambrough_n castle_n on_o the_o west_n and_o south_n it_o bear_v upon_o northumberland_n and_o on_o the_o north-east-side_n it_o have_v other_o small_a land_n adjoin_v to_o it_o as_o widopen_v &_o staple_n island_n which_o lie_v two_o mile_n off_o bronsinan_n and_o two_o lesser_a than_o these_o which_o be_v call_v the_o wambe_n 2_o the_o form_n of_o this_o i_o will_v be_v round_o and_o no_o large_a in_o compass_n then_o may_v easy_o be_v ride_v in_o one_o half_a of_o a_o day_n the_o breadth_n of_o it_o be_v but_o five_o mile_n and_o the_o length_n no_o more_o the_o whole_a circumference_n extend_v itself_o no_o further_o than_o to_o fifteen_o mile_n 3_o the_o air_n be_v very_o unwholesome_a and_o subject_a both_o to_o many_o dysentery_n and_o other_o disease_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o misty_a fog_n and_o exhalation_n that_o be_v thereunto_o draw_v up_o from_o the_o ocean_n it_o be_v many_o time_n trouble_v with_o unusual_a tempest_n of_o wind_n with_o boisterous_a fury_n of_o stormy_a reins_n and_o with_o several_a and_o uncouth_a rage_n of_o the_o sea_n 4_o the_o soil_n can_v be_v fertile_a be_v encircle_v about_o with_o craggy_a cliff_n neither_o have_v it_o in_o it_o much_o matter_n either_o of_o pleasure_n or_o profit_n it_o can_v neither_o defend_v itself_o from_o cold_a lack_v fuel_n as_o wood_n coale_n turf_n etc._n etc._n nor_o from_o famine_n want_v food_n as_o corn_n pasture_n cattle_n etc._n etc._n the_o best_a commodity_n it_o yield_v be_v fish_n and_o fowl_n 5_o this_o thing_n nevertheless_o be_v worthy_a to_o be_v remember_v of_o it_o which_o beda_n write_v of_o the_o life_n of_o cuthbert_n bishop_n of_o lindisfarne_n that_o tutelar_a paâ—ron_n of_o the_o northern_a englishman_n report_v namely_o that_o in_o this_o i_o will_v he_o build_v a_o city_n fit_v his_o government_n and_o erect_v certain_a house_n in_o the_o same_o the_o whole_a building_n stand_v almost_o round_o in_o compass_n and_o reach_v the_o space_n of_o four_o or_o five_o perche_n the_o wall_n about_o it_o he_o make_v high_a than_o a_o man_n height_n to_o withhold_v and_o keep_v in_o the_o want_n on_o lasciviousness_n both_o of_o his_o thought_n and_o eye_n and_o to_o elevate_v the_o whole_a intention_n of_o his_o mind_n up_o to_o heavenly_a desire_n that_o he_o may_v whole_o give_v himself_o to_o the_o service_n of_o god_n but_o these_o be_v all_o make_v the_o ruin_n of_o time_n as_o since_o many_o other_o monument_n have_v be_v of_o worthy_a antiquity_n 6_o i_o can_v report_v that_o there_o be_v now_o many_o house_n stand_v in_o it_o much_o less_o town_n or_o village_n only_o this_o that_o it_o have_v a_o tower_n or_o place_n of_o fortification_n belong_v unto_o it_o place_v well-near_a in_o the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o i_o will_v garnsey_n this_o island_n lie_v about_o five_o league_n northwest_o from_o jersey_n and_o be_v compass_v like_a to_o her_o neighbour_n with_o the_o british_a sea_n it_o lie_v in_o length_n from_o plymouth_n bay_n south-west_n to_o lancrosse_n de_fw-fr anckeâ—â—_n north-east_n thirteen_o mile_n in_o breadth_n from_o s._n martin_n point_n southeast_n to_o the_o howe_n northwest_o nine_o mile_n and_o be_v in_o circuit_n thirty_o six_o mile_n the_o emperor_n antonine_n have_v the_o rule_n and_o domination_n of_o france_n at_o that_o time_n call_v gaul_n from_o whence_o the_o word_n gallia_n be_v derive_v do_v name_v this_o island_n sarnia_n which_o afterward_o by_o the_o change_n of_o time_n and_o corruption_n of_o language_n be_v long_o since_o and_o be_v at_o this_o day_n call_v garnsey_n 2_o this_o i_o will_v in_o form_n and_o fashion_n stand_v in_o the_o sea_n much_o like_a to_o a_o park_n that_o be_v encompass_v round_o about_o with_o a_o pale_a of_o rock_n be_v very_o defensible_a unto_o the_o island_n from_o the_o attempt_v innovation_n of_o enemy_n 3_o the_o air_n and_o climate_n of_o this_o i_o will_v have_v little_a or_o no_o difference_n in_o temper_n or_o quality_n from_o that_o of_o jersey_n and_o this_o deserve_v to_o be_v remember_v of_o it_o that_o in_o this_o i_o will_v be_v neither_o toad_n snake_n adder_n or_o any_o other_o venomous_a creature_n and_o the_o other_o have_v great_a plenty_n 4_o it_o stand_v for_o the_o most_o part_n upon_o a_o rock_n very_o high_a in_o many_o place_n from_o the_o sea_n nevertheless_o the_o soil_n be_v very_o fruitful_a yield_v forth_o great_a plenty_n of_o grass_n for_o their_o sheep_n and_o other_o cattle_n which_o they_o have_v to_o serve_v all_o use_n their_o field_n in_o the_o summer_n time_n be_v so_o natural_o garnish_v with_o flower_n of_o all_o sort_n that_o a_o man_n be_v there_o may_v conceit_v himself_o to_o be_v in_o a_o pleasant_a artificial_a garden_n 5_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v not_o so_o much_o give_v to_o tillage_n as_o they_o of_o jersey_n though_o the_o soil_n be_v as_o fruitful_a they_o have_v of_o late_o take_v great_a delight_n in_o plant_v and_o set_v of_o tree_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o especial_o of_o apple_n by_o reason_n whereof_o they_o make_v much_o cider_n their_o commodity_n be_v alike_o and_o their_o help_n from_o the_o sea_n no_o less_o or_o rather_o more_o 6_o in_o this_o i_o will_v be_v many_o great_a steep_a rock_n among_o which_o be_v find_v a_o hard_a stone_n call_v by_o the_o frenchman_n smyris_n which_o we_o term_v emerill_n this_o stone_n be_v serviceable_a for_o many_o purpose_n and_o many_o trade_n as_o glasier_n etc._n etc._n but_o especial_o for_o the_o goldsmith_n and_o lapidary_n to_o cut_v their_o precious_a stone_n 7_o it_o have_v a_o head_n of_o land_n upon_o the_o north_n part_v thereof_o the_o passage_n into_o which_o be_v so_o narrow_a that_o a_o man_n will_v think_v that_o at_o every_o tide_n the_o sea_n beat_v strong_o on_o both_o side_n it_o be_v in_o a_o continual_a danger_n to_o be_v sunder_v from_o
the_o long_a against_o the_o roman_n and_o their_o neck_n not_o bring_v under_o the_o yoke_n of_o bondage_n before_o the_o day_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o since_o when_o they_o have_v attempt_v to_o east_n off_o their_o subjection_n to_o the_o english_a upon_o who_o stir_n raise_v by_o owin_n glendover_v who_o have_v be_v a_o favourite_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o and_o discontent_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o in_o a_o quarrel_n with_o the_o lord_n grey_n of_o ruthin_n that_o intrude_v upon_o his_o domain_n quarrel_v with_o the_o king_n and_o enter_v into_o open_a rebellion_n and_o confederacy_n with_o all_o other_o his_o rebel_n draw_v the_o welsh-man_n whole_o to_o his_o side_n in_o hope_n to_o have_v have_v prince_n restore_v of_o their_o own_o blood_n and_o he_o maintain_v the_o same_o with_o wonderful_a pride_n policy_n and_o obstinacy_n for_o a_o long_a time_n until_o his_o confederates_n follower_n and_o favorate_n and_o his_o own_o courage_n credit_n and_o maintenance_n be_v bring_v so_o low_a by_o that_o powerful_a king_n that_o in_o the_o end_n he_o perish_v for_o very_a want_n of_o food_n 5_o their_o town_n be_v not_o many_o neither_o those_o that_o they_o have_v of_o any_o stately_a building_n whereof_o bala_n â—olgethe_o and_o harlech_n be_v the_o markeâ—â—_n 〈…〉_z in_o the_o north-east_n of_o this_o county_n in_o the_o welsh_a 〈◊〉_d in_o english_a piâ—â—â—le-meane_a a_o great_a pool_n of_o water_n do_v drown_v at_o least_o eight_o score_n acre_n of_o ground_n who_o 〈…〉_z the_o high_a land_n flood_n though_o never_o so_o great_a can_v 〈…〉_z big_a by_o their_o 〈…〉_z but_o if_o the_o 〈◊〉_d beâ—â—oubled_v with_o over_o great_a blast_n and_o tempest_n of_o wiâ—des_n she_o in_o as_o great_a a_o rage_n rise_v and_o pass_v her_o bank_n as_o if_o she_o will_v encounter_v that_o enemy_n in_o fight_n into_o the_o south_n whereof_o the_o two_o head_a dee_n with_o a_o pretty_a sharp_a stream_n enter_v and_o through_o the_o same_o glide_v without_o any_o mixture_n of_o the_o same_o water_n as_o the_o inhabitant_n believe_v more_o strong_o conceit_v in_o their_o opinion_n for_o that_o the_o salmon_n usual_o take_v in_o dee_n be_v never_o find_v in_o that_o pool_n and_o the_o fish_n call_v guimad_a breed_v in_o that_o meart_n never_o be_v see_v in_o the_o river_n dee_n south_n thence_o near_o dolgelhr_n in_o a_o low_a hill_n a_o great_a rampire_n of_o stone_n and_o compass_n be_v see_v and_o have_v be_v some_o fortification_n or_o defence_n in_o war_n which_o whilst_o we_o be_v curious_a to_o find_v out_o some_o instruction_n thereof_o by_o report_n this_o only_a we_o learn_v that_o it_o be_v call_v caddoryrita_n dren_n according_a to_o the_o name_n of_o her_o neighbour_n and_o far_o high_a hill_n 6_o upon_o the_o west_n and_o seashore_n of_o this_o shire_n harlech_n a_o market_n and_o major_a town_n stand_v bleak_a enough_o and_o barren_a but_o only_o for_o fowl_n and_o fish_n house_n not_o many_o neither_o curious_o build_v wherein_o stand_v a_o little_a chapel_n decay_v and_o without_o use_n in_o which_o lie_v bury_v sir_n richard_n thimblebye_n a_o english_a knight_n who_o for_o the_o delight_n he_o take_v in_o that_o game_n remove_v his_o abode_n from_o a_o far_o better_a soil_n here_o also_o stand_v a_o most_o strong_a and_o beautiful_a castle_n mount_v upon_o a_o hill_n and_o with_o a_o double_a bulwark_n wall_v about_o command_v the_o sea_n and_o passage_n of_o entrance_n of_o such_o as_o seek_v to_o invade_v the_o ghost_n and_o sure_o a_o great_a pity_n it_o be_v to_o see_v so_o fair_a a_o work_n fall_v to_o decay_v the_o constable_n whereof_o by_o patent_n be_v ever_o the_o major_a of_o this_o town_n near_o unto_o which_o be_v two_o great_a inlet_n of_o sea_n which_o at_o low_a water_n may_v be_v pass_v upon_o the_o sand_n with_o guide_n upon_o who_o shore_n as_o upon_o the_o seacoast_n in_o this_o county_n abundance_n of_o herring_n be_v catch_v for_o which_o cause_n they_o be_v much_o frequent_v in_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n by_o many_o people_n from_o diverse_a country_n denbighshire_n chapter_n xi_o denbighshire_n call_v in_o welsh_a sire_n denbigh_n retire_v more_o from_o the_o sea_n within_o the_o country_n on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o river_n conwey_n shoot_v eastward_o in_o one_o place_n as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi on_o the_o north_n first_o the_o sea_n for_o a_o small_a space_n and_o then_o plint-shire_n encompass_v it_o on_o the_o west_n caernaruon_n and_o merioneth-shire_n on_o the_o east_n cheshire_n and_o shrop-shire_n and_o on_o the_o south_n mountgomeryshire_n 2_o the_o form_n thereof_o be_v long_o grow_v wide_o still_o towards_o the_o northwest_n and_o narrow_a towards_o the_o east_n it_o be_v in_o length_n from_o east_n to_o west_n one_o and_o thirty_o mile_n and_o in_o breadth_n from_o north_n to_o south_n seventeen_o mile_n in_o the_o whole_a circuit_n and_o circumference_n one_o hundred_o and_o fourteen_o mile_n 3_o the_o air_n be_v very_o wholesome_a and_o pleasant_a yet_o bleak_a enough_o as_o expose_v to_o the_o wind_n on_o all_o side_n and_o the_o high_a hill_n wherewith_o it_o be_v in_o many_o place_n enuiton_v long_o retain_v the_o congeal_a snow_n the_o top_n whereof_o in_o the_o summer_n time_n be_v the_o haruest-mens_n almanac_n by_o the_o rise_n of_o certain_a vapour_n thereon_o in_o the_o morning_n and_o foreshow_v a_o fair_a day_n ensue_v 4_o the_o soil_n be_v but_o barren_a towards_o the_o west_n part_n yet_o the_o middle_n where_o it_o lie_v flat_a in_o a_o valley_n be_v most_o fertile_a the_o east_n side_n when_o it_o be_v once_o past_o the_o valley_n find_v nature_n to_o be_v a_o very_a spare_a niggard_n of_o her_o savour_n but_o next_o unto_o dee_n it_o feel_v a_o more_o liberal_a extent_n of_o her_o blessing_n the_o west_n part_n be_v but_o here_o and_o there_o inhabit_v and_o mount_v up_o more_o than_o the_o other_o with_o bare_a and_o hungry_a hill_n yet_o the_o leanesse_n of_o the_o 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in_o a_o beautiful_a and_o pleasant_a vale_n reach_v seventeen_o mile_n in_o length_n from_o south_n to_o north_n and_o five_o mile_n or_o thereabouts_o in_o breadth_n and_o lie_v open_a only_o towards_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v environ_v on_o every_o side_n with_o high_a hill_n among_o which_o the_o high_a be_v moâ—llenlly_n on_o the_o top_n whereof_o be_v a_o warlike_a fence_n with_o trench_n and_o rampire_n and_o a_o little_a fountain_n of_o clear_a water_n from_o these_o hill_n the_o river_n cluyd_v resort_n unto_o this_o vale_n and_o from_o the_o very_a springhead_n increase_v with_o beck_n and_o brook_n do_v part_v it_o in_o twain_o run_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o whereof_o in_o ancient_a time_n it_o be_v name_v strat_n cluyd_v for_o mariamâ—s_n make_v mention_n of_o a_o king_n of_o the_o strat_n cluyd_v of_o
addict_v themselves_o to_o travel_v into_o foreign_a country_n 4_o yet_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n lest_o i_o shall_v seem_v too_o difective_a in_o my_o intendment_n let_v i_o without_o offence_n in_o this_o three_o though_o short_a book_n give_v only_o a_o general_a view_n of_o that_o kingdom_n upon_o observation_n from_o other_o which_o to_o accomplish_v by_o my_o own_o survey_n if_o other_o shall_v hap_v to_o fail_v and_o my_o crazy-aged-body_n will_v give_v leave_n be_v my_o chief_a desire_n know_v the_o island_n furnish_v with_o many_o worthy_a remembrance_n appertain_v both_o unto_o they_o and_o we_o who_o god_n now_o have_v set_v under_o one_o crown_n and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o their_o more_o southern_a people_n be_v from_o the_o same_o original_a with_o we_o the_o english_a be_v both_o alike_o the_o saxon_a branch_n as_o also_o that_o the_o pict_n ancient_o inhabit_v part_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v the_o inborn_a britain_n and_o such_o as_o thither_o flee_v to_o 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and_o last_o into_o scotland_n where_o his_o wife_n scota_n give_v name_n to_o the_o nation_n if_o we_o believe_v that_o they_o hit_v the_o mark_n who_o shoot_v at_o the_o moon_n 7_o but_o that_o the_o scythian_n come_v into_o spain_n beside_o the_o promontory_n bear_v their_o name_n scythiâ—um_n silius_n italicus_n a_o spaniard_n bear_v do_v show_v who_o bring_v the_o concani_n a_o nation_n therein_o seat_v from_o the_o massagetae_n which_o be_v the_o scythian_n and_o the_o sarmatae_n who_o all_o confess_v to_o have_v be_v scythian_n be_v the_o builder_n as_o he_o say_v of_o the_o city_n susanna_n in_o spain_n and_o how_o from_o spain_n they_o possess_v themselves_o of_o ireland_n at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o kingdom_n of_o julah_n flourish_v ninius_n the_o disciple_n of_o eluodugus_fw-la do_v tell_v and_o their_o own_o history_n of_o nemethus_n and_o delas_n beside_o cisnerus_n and_o other_o do_v show_v who_o be_v first_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o scot_n as_o be_v gather_v out_o of_o prophyry_n allege_v by_o s._n jerome_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o aurelianus_n the_o emperor_n gildas_n call_v they_o the_o irish-spoiler_n giraldus_n a_o scotish_n nation_n descend_v from_o ireland_n which_o in_o regard_n of_o they_o by_o eginbardus_n be_v term_v the_o i_o will_v of_o scot_n by_o beda_n the_o i_o will_v inhabit_v by_o the_o scot_n and_o by_o other_o historian_n scotland_n the_o great_a as_o their_o seat_n in_o britain_n be_v call_v scotland_n the_o less_o 9_o scotland_n south_n part_n in_o galloway_n wash_v with_o the_o warer_n of_o solway_n bay_n touch_v degree_n 56._o of_o latitude_n and_o thence_o inbosome_a many_a loughes_n and_o in-lets_a upon_o the_o east_n and_o west_n extend_v itself_o unto_o the_o degree_n 60_o and_o 30_o minute_n who_o longitude_n be_v likewise_o lay_v betwixt_o the_o degree_n 13_o and_o 19_o and_o the_o same_o grow_v very_o narrow_a be_v so_o near_o the_o north-pole_n as_o lie_v direct_o under_o the_o hindermost_a star_n of_o the_o great_a bear_n 11_o and_o these_o again_o be_v subdivide_v into_o sherifdome_n stewardship_n and_o warwick_n for_o the_o most_o part_n inheritory_n unto_o honourable_a family_n the_o ecclesiastical_a government_n be_v also_o subject_a under_o two_o metropolitan_a archbishop_n which_o be_v of_o s._n andrew_n the_o primate_n of_o scotland_n and_o of_o glasco_n who_o jurisdiction_n be_v as_o follow_v s._n andrew_n dunkeld_n aberdon_n murray_n dunblan_n brechin_n rosse_n cathanes_n orkeney_n glasco_n galloway_n argile_n iles._n among_o the_o thing_n worthy_a of_o note_n of_o antiquity_n in_o this_o kingdom_n most_o memorable_a be_v that_o fortification_n draw_v from_o abercorne_n upon_o the_o frith_n of_o edinburgh_n unto_o aleluya_n how_o dunbritton_n open_v upon_o the_o west_n sea_n where_o julius_n agricola_n set_v the_o limit_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n past_o which_o say_v tacitus_n there_o be_v no_o other_o bound_n of_o britain_n to_o be_v seek_v for_o and_o that_o here_o the_o second_o legion_n augusta_n and_o the_o 20._o legion_n victrix_n build_v a_o part_n of_o the_o wall_n certain_a inscription_n there_o dig_v up_o and_o reserve_v at_o dunloyr_n and_o cader_n do_v witness_n as_o also_o a_o ancient_a cope_v monument_n of_o a_o high_a and_o round_o compass_v which_o as_o some_o think_v be_v a_o temple_n consecrate_v unto_o the_o god_n terâ—â—â—_n other_o a_o trophy_n raise_v by_o carausius_n who_o fortify_v this_o wall_n with_o seven_o castle_n as_o ninius_n do_v declare_v 13_o ninian_n a_o britain_n be_v record_v to_o have_v convert_v the_o south-ficts_a unto_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o theodosius_n the_o young_a and_o the_o church_n in_o galloway_n bear_v his_o name_n do_v witness_v it_o so_o likewise_o in_o the_o same_o age_n palladius_n send_v from_o pope_n celestine_n become_v a_o apostle_n unto_o the_o scot_n who_o relic_n lay_v enshrine_v at_o fordoâ—_n in_o mernis_n as_o be_v very_o suppose_v but_o that_o christianity_n have_v be_v former_o plant_v in_o this_o uttermost_a province_n be_v testify_v by_o tertuilian_a in_o say_v the_o britain_n have_v embrace_v the_o faith_n far_o than_o the_o roman_n have_v power_n to_o follow_v or_o persecute_v they_o whereupon_o peter_n monk_n of_o 〈◊〉_d spain_n conclude_v their_o conversion_n to_o be_v more_o ancient_a than_o the_o southern_a britain_n 14_o but_o touch_v thing_n observable_a for_o the_o present_a sure_o admirable_a be_v the_o report_n of_o the_o plenty_n of_o cattle_n fish_n and_o foul_a there_o abide_v their_o neat_n but_o little_a yet_o many_o in_o number_n fish_v so_o plentiful_a that_o man_n in_o some_o place_n for_o delight_n on_o horseback_n hunt_v salmon_n with_o spear_n and_o a_o certain_a fowl_n which_o some_o call_v soland-geese_n spread_v so_o thick_a in_o the_o air_n that_o they_o even_o darken_v the_o sun_n light_n of_o who_o flesh_n feather_n and_o oil_n the_o inhabitant_n in_o some_o part_n make_v great_a use_n and_o gain_v yea_o and_o even_o of_o fish_n bring_v by_o they_o abundant_a provision_n for_o diet_n as_o also_o of_o the_o stick_n bring_v to_o make_v their_o nest_n plentiful_a provision_n for_o fuel_n 16_o no_o less_o strange_a than_o any_o the_o forementioned_a water_n but_o more_o lamentable_a be_v the_o remembrance_n of_o the_o great_a inundation_n hap_v by_o the_o sudden_a rise_n of_o tay._n which_o bear_v away_o the_o wall_n and_o town_n of_o birth_n and_o with_o it_o the_o cradle_n and_o young_a son_n of_o king_n william_n into_o the_o sea_n wherein_o the_o royal_a insant_fw-fr with_o many_o other_o perish_v the_o king_n and_o his_o courtier_n hardly_o escape_v the_o danger_n with_o life_n the_o ruin_n of_o this_o town_n raise_v another_o more_o famous_a and_o more_o commodious_o seat_v even_o perth_n since_o call_v saint_n johns-towne_n 17_o island_n and_o ilet_n yield_v both_o beauty_n and_o subjection_n to_o this_o scotish_n kingdom_n be_v the_o western_a the_o orknaye_n and_o the_o shetlands_n reckon_v to_o be_v above_o three_o hundred_o in_o number_n the_o inhabitant_n for_o the_o most_o part_n use_v the_o frugality_n of_o the_o ancient_a scot._n 18_o the_o western_a lie_v scatter_v in_o the_o deucalidoman_n sea_n be_v ancient_o rule_v by_o a_o king_n of_o their_o own_o who_o maintenance_n be_v out_o of_o their_o common_a coffer_n and_o the_o regal_a authority_n never_o continue_v in_o line_n all_o succession_n for_o to_o prevent_v that_o their_o king_n be_v not_o permit_v to_o have_v wife_n of_o their_o own_o but_o may_v by_o their_o law_n accompany_v with_o other_o man_n as_o the_o like_a law_n be_v in_o the_o other_o part_n of_o scotland_n that_o the_o virginity_n of_o all_o new_a wife_n shall_v be_v the_o landlord_n prey_n till_o king_n malcolm_n enact_v that_o half_o a_o mark_n shall_v be_v pay_v for_o redemption_n the_o residence_n of_o those_o forementioned_a king_n be_v chief_o in_o ila_n bunal_n and_o jona_n now_o columbkill_n where_o as_o donald_n munrâ—_n
say_v cambrensis_fw-la be_v uneven_a woody_a wild_a waterish_a and_o boggy_a so_o full_a of_o loghs_n and_o meeres_n that_o great_a pond_n of_o water_n be_v find_v upon_o the_o high_a mountain_n these_o indeed_o make_v the_o place_n somewhat_o dangerous_a unto_o all_o new_a comer_n by_o breed_v of_o rheum_n dysentery_n and_o flux_n who_o usual_a remedy_n be_v vskebah_n a_o wholesome_a aqua_fw-la vita_fw-la that_o dry_v more_o and_o inflame_v less_o than_o many_o other_o hot_a confection_n 7_o the_o commodity_n of_o this_o kingdom_n chief_o consist_v in_o cattle_n who_o feed_n be_v so_o sweet_a and_o so_o rank_n that_o they_o will_v soon_o graze_v to_o a_o surfeit_n if_o they_o may_v be_v suffer_v to_o feed_v as_o they_o will_n their_o sheep_n be_v many_o but_o bear_v not_o the_o best_a wool_n which_o twice_o be_v shear_v within_o one_o year_n of_o these_o they_o make_v mantle_n caddowe_n and_o coverleâ—s_n vent_v from_o thence_o into_o foreign_a country_n their_o hobby_n likewise_o be_v of_o great_a esteem_n and_o be_v answerable_a to_o the_o â—ennets_n of_o spain_n bee_n be_v there_o in_o such_o abundance_n that_o honey_n be_v find_v in_o hole_n of_o old_a tree_n and_o in_o rest_n of_o the_o rock_n no_o annoyance_n of_o hurtful_a snake_n or_o venomous_a creature_n and_o to_o speak_v all_o in_o a_o word_n nothing_o want_v for_o profit_n or_o pleasure_n for_o so_o much_o do_v giraldus_n affirm_v in_o say_v that_o nature_n have_v cast_v into_o this_o western_a kingdom_n of_o zephyrus_n a_o more_o gracious_a eye_n than_o be_v ordinary_a 8_o touch_v the_o original_a people_n of_o this_o fair_a island_n if_o we_o will_v believe_v their_o record_n they_o make_v antiquity_n itself_o but_o young_a unto_o themselves_o affirm_v the_o damsel_n caesarea_n and_o niece_n unto_o noah_n to_o have_v find_v it_o out_o before_o the_o flood_n and_o that_o three_o hundred_o year_n after_o when_o japhets_n posterity_n take_v into_o these_o west-part_n of_o the_o world_n one_o barthelaâ—â—â—_n of_o his_o progeny_n a_o scythian_a by_o birth_n encourage_v by_o the_o late_a success_n of_o nâ—â—rod_n who_o now_o have_v intrude_v upon_o the_o monarchy_n of_o syria_n wander_v so_o far_o west_n that_o fortune_n at_o last_o cast_v he_o and_o his_o people_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o ireland_n there_o he_o settle_v with_o his_o three_o son_n languinna_n salarus_n and_o ruthurgus_n who_o search_v through_o every_o creek_n and_o corner_n of_o the_o land_n leave_v their_o own_o name_n by_o three_o notable_a place_n languish_v stragrus_fw-la and_o mount_v salanga_n which_o the_o revolution_n of_o time_n have_v since_o call_v by_o other_o name_n as_o s._n dominickhill_n ruthurgi_n and_o stagâ—â—â—_n under_o the_o government_n of_o these_o three_o son_n and_o their_o offspring_n this_o land_n be_v keep_v about_o three_o hundred_o year_n at_o which_o time_n there_o arrive_v also_o in_o ireland_n a_o giantlike_a kind_n of_o people_n of_o nimrods_n race_n who_o in_o bodily_a shape_n exceed_v the_o proportion_n of_o usuallman_n use_v their_o strength_n to_o win_v 〈…〉_z and_o to_o oppress_v with_o rapine_n and_o violence_n these_o grow_v to_o number_n account_v it_o necessary_a to_o prevent_v dominion_n lest_o the_o curse_n of_o slavery_n prophesy_v by_o noah_n shall_v light_v upon_o they_o to_o prevent_v the_o which_o they_o set_v up_o a_o king_n of_o their_o own_o then_o quarrel_v breed_v daily_o either_o party_n purpose_v to_o hold_v their_o interest_n by_o their_o sword_n against_o who_o last_o a_o battle_n be_v fight_v and_o a_o infinite_a company_n of_o giant_n slay_v when_o also_o die_v most_o of_o those_o of_o the_o posterity_n of_o japheth_n leave_v they_o of_o cham_n lord_n of_o island_n 9_o whereupon_o nemethus_n a_o scythian_a with_o his_o four_o son_n arrive_v in_o ireland_n and_o by_o strong_a hand_n seat_v themselves_o among_o these_o grant_n where_o for_o two_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o year_n they_o keep_v but_o then_o no_o long_o able_a to_o hold_v out_o against_o they_o they_o leave_v their_o stand_n and_o depart_v the_o land_n 10_o soon_o after_o the_o five_o son_n of_o dela_n descend_v from_o the_o say_v nemethus_n come_v into_o these_o coast_n and_o with_o manly_a prowess_n drive_v these_o miscreant_n out_o of_o ireland_n whereby_o the_o seed_n of_o cham_n be_v utter_o expel_v &_o these_o of_o japheth_n divide_v the_o land_n into_o five_o part_n whereof_o they_o become_v themselves_o king_n but_o fall_v at_o variance_n give_v advantage_n unto_o other_o among_o who_o the_o britain_n set_v in_o a_o foot_n 11_o but_o to_o make_v this_o island_n more_o famous_a certain_a historian_n have_v fetch_v their_o king_n from_o most_o uncertain_a record_n as_o namely_o from_o gaothel_n the_o grecian_a and_o scotia_n the_o daughter_n of_o king_n pharaoh_n and_o nourisher_n of_o moses_n his_o wife_n who_o at_o that_o time_n when_o israel_n be_v in_o egypt_n with_o a_o colony_n come_v into_o spain_n and_o after_o into_o ireland_n where_o he_o be_v make_v king_n and_o in_o honour_n of_o his_o queen_n the_o land_n name_v scotia_n from_o who_o also_o the_o inhabitant_n take_v name_n his_o posterity_n increase_v in_o the_o part_n of_o spain_n where_o first_o they_o have_v seat_v in_o process_n of_o time_n seek_v further_a adventure_n under_o the_o four_o son_n of_o milesius_n king_n of_o spain_n who_o name_n be_v hibernus_n hermion_n ever_o and_o erimon_n 12_o these_o by_o the_o direction_n sufferance_n and_o assistance_n of_o gurguntius_n king_n of_o the_o britain_n after_o that_o ireland_n have_v be_v very_o much_o dispeople_v by_o a_o contagious_a pestilence_n seat_v themselves_o and_o from_o the_o elder_a hiberius_fw-la call_v the_o iâ—â—and_n hibernia_n as_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n these_o divide_v the_o whole_a into_o five_o province_n famous_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o monster_n leinster_n connaught_n ulster_n and_o mâ—ath_v in_o their_o midst_n and_o from_o these_o the_o present_a irish_a repute_n themselves_o to_o come_v yet_o sure_o as_o i_o make_v no_o question_n but_o that_o this_o island_n become_v inhabit_v even_o of_o old_a time_n when_o mankind_n again_o overspread_v the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o doubt_v i_o not_o but_o that_o our_o britain_n pasâ—ed_v thereinto_o themselves_o such_o infinite_a number_n of_o word_n in_o the_o irish_a language_n yet_o in_o use_n such_o ancient_a name_n of_o water_n isle_n mountain_n and_o place_n mere_o british_a word_n yet_o remain_v and_o the_o testimony_n of_o â—acitus_fw-la who_o say_v that_o their_o manner_n be_v fashion_v to_o the_o britain_n enforce_v so_o much_o and_o ptolemy_n before_o he_o call_v that_o island_n by_o the_o name_n of_o little_a britain_n all_o which_o show_v a_o former_a interest_n for_o ireland_n then_o that_o which_o by_o conquest_n under_o henry_n the_o second_o be_v make_v 13_o that_o it_o ever_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o roman_n be_v doubtful_a though_o agricola_n do_v wish_v it_o and_o tacitus_n hold_v most_o necessary_a yea_o and_o in_o the_o division_n of_o their_o empire_n ireland_n with_o britain_n and_o thule_n fall_v unto_o constantine_n the_o son_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a yet_o their_o manner_n unreclaim_v and_o barbarism_n retain_v long_o after_o those_o day_n do_v witness_v no_o such_o 〈◊〉_d sow_v to_o be_v in_o that_o plot_n but_o when_o rome_n great_a empire_n begin_v to_o grow_v less_o the_o scot_n or_o scythian_n grow_v mighty_a in_o ireland_n and_o as_o orosâ—â—â—_n write_v that_o island_n be_v whole_o inhabit_v by_o the_o scotish_n nation_n in_o the_o day_n of_o honorius_n and_o arâ—â—dius_n the_o emperor_n who_o war_n and_o slaughter_n claudian_n do_v light_o touch_v in_o this_o his_o verse_n scotorum_fw-la cumulos_fw-la flevit_fw-la glacialis_fw-la jerne_n the_o freeze_a ireland_n weep_v to_o see_v her_o scot_n all_o slay_v on_o heap_n to_o be_v 14_o as_o these_o for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o the_o testimony_n of_o ninius_n be_v the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n so_o by_o other_o ancient_a writer_n their_o custom_n and_o manner_n be_v thus_o set_v forth_o strabo_n say_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o ireland_n be_v more_o rude_a than_o the_o britain_n they_o feed_v upon_o the_o flesh_n of_o man_n yea_o and_o think_v it_o a_o point_n of_o worth_a to_o eat_v their_o dead_a parent_n want_v only_o they_o accompany_v with_o woman_n make_v no_o difference_n of_o other_o man_n wife_n their_o own_o sister_n nor_o of_o their_o natural_a mother_n but_o of_o these_o thing_n say_v he_o we_o have_v no_o certain_a witness_n of_o sufficient_a credit_n poâ—ponius_n mela_n record_v that_o the_o irish_a be_v uncivil_a ignorant_a of_o virtue_n and_o void_a of_o religion_n and_o solinus_n affirm_v that_o after_o victory_n they_o drink_v the_o blood_n of_o the_o slay_v and_o besmear_v their_o own_o face_n therewith_o so_o give_v to_o war_n that_o the_o mother_n at_o the_o birth_n of_o a_o man-child_n feed_v the_o first_o meat_n into_o her_o
of_o cattle_n and_o with_o mean_a husbandry_n and_o tillage_n yield_v plenty_n of_o corn_n as_o every_o particular_a part_n be_v thus_o several_o profitable_a by_o inbred_a commodity_n so_o be_v it_o no_o less_o commend_v in_o the_o generality_n for_o the_o many_o accommodate_v and_o fit_a bay_n creek_n and_o navigable_a river_n lie_v upon_o her_o seacoast_n that_o after_o a_o sort_n invite_v and_o provoke_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o navigation_n 5_o such_o as_o in_o ancient_a time_n make_v their_o abode_n and_o habitation_n in_o this_o province_n be_v the_o gangani_n who_o be_v also_o call_v concani_n auteri_n and_o nagnatae_n as_o the_o luceni_n that_o be_v next_o neighbour_n unto_o they_o come_v from_o the_o luceniji_n in_o spain_n so_o those_o gangam_n and_o coneani_fw-la may_v seem_v also_o to_o have_v fetch_v their_o derivation_n from_o the_o concan_n nation_n of_o the_o selfsame_o country_n both_o by_o the_o affinity_n of_o name_n and_o vicinity_n of_o place_n in_o strabo_n according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o read_v the_o same_o people_n be_v name_v coniaci_n and_o conisci_n and_o silius_n testify_v they_o at_o the_o first_o to_o have_v be_v scythian_n and_o to_o have_v use_v ordinary_o to_o drink_v horse_n blood_n a_o thing_n nothing_o strange_a among_o the_o wild_a irish_a even_o of_o late_a day_n and_o some_o may_v also_o happy_o suppose_v that_o the_o irish_a name_n conaughty_n be_v compound_v of_o concani_n and_o nagnatae_n howsoever_o it_o be_v sure_a that_o these_o be_v the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o ptolemie_n 6_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o this_o province_n and_o which_o may_v worthy_o be_v account_v the_o three_o in_o ireland_n be_v galway_n in_o irish_a gallive_n build_v in_o manner_n much_o like_o to_o a_o tower_n it_o be_v dignify_v with_o a_o bishop_n see_v and_o be_v much_o frequent_v with_o merchant_n by_o reason_n whereof_o and_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o road_n and_o haven_n it_o be_v gainful_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n through_o traffic_n and_o exchange_v of_o rich_a commodity_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o island_n not_o far_o from_o which_o near_o the_o west_n shore_n that_o lie_v indent_v with_o small_a in-lets_a and_o out_o let_v in_o a_o row_n be_v the_o land_n call_v arran_n of_o which_o many_o a_o foolish_a fable_n go_v as_o if_o they_o be_v the_o land_n of_o the_o live_n wherein_o none_o die_v at_o any_o time_n or_o be_v subject_a to_o morality_n which_o be_v as_o supersitious_a a_o observation_n as_o that_o use_v in_o some_o other_o corner_n of_o the_o country_n where_o the_o people_n leave_v the_o right_a arm_n of_o their_o infant_n male_n unchâ—stned_v as_o they_o term_v it_o to_o the_o end_n that_o at_o any_o time_n afterward_o they_o may_v give_v a_o more_o deadly_a and_o ungracious_a blow_n when_o they_o strike_v which_o thing_n do_v not_o only_o show_v how_o palpable_o they_o be_v carry_v away_o by_o traditious_a obscurity_n but_o do_v also_o intimate_v how_o full_a their_o heart_n be_v of_o inveterate_a revenge_n 7_o this_o â—ovince_n present_v no_o matter_n more_o worthy_a of_o memory_n than_o the_o battle_n of_o knoe-toe_n that_o be_v the_o â—ull_a of_o axe_n under_o which_o the_o great_a rabble_n of_o rebel_n that_o be_v ever_o see_v before_o in_o ireland_n raise_v and_o gather_v together_o by_o the_o archrebel_n of_o that_o time_n william_n burk_n o_o brien_n mac-nomare_a and_o o-carrol_n be_v after_o a_o bloody_a overthrow_n discomfit_v and_o put_v to_o flight_n by_o the_o noble_a service_n of_o girald_n fitzgerald_a earl_n of_o â—ildare_n and_o the_o suppression_n of_o certain_a irish_a the_o posterity_n of_o mac-william_n who_o usurp_v a_o tyranny_n in_o these_o part_n rage_v sometime_o upon_o themselves_o with_o mutual_a injury_n and_o oppress_v the_o poor_a people_n a_o long_a time_n with_o extort_v pill_a and_o spoil_v so_o as_o they_o leave_v scarce_o one_o house_n in_o the_o country_n unrifled_a or_o unrased_a but_o be_v bridle_v and_o repress_v even_o in_o our_o remembrance_n by_o the_o severity_n and_o resolution_n of_o the_o commissioner_n of_o those_o their_o unjust_a do_n will_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o draw_v the_o people_n away_o from_o the_o due_a obedience_n to_o their_o prince_n such_o therefore_o as_o refuse_v to_o obey_v the_o law_n and_o side_v with_o the_o tumultuous_a with_o all_o care_n and_o diligence_n he_o soon_o scatter_v force_v their_o fort_n and_o drive_v they_o into_o wood_n and_o lurk_a hole_n for_o trouble_v the_o bless_a estate_n of_o tranquillity_n till_o the_o lord_n deputie_n who_o take_v pity_n of_o they_o upon_o their_o humble_a supplication_n command_v by_o his_o missive_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v receive_v upon_o term_n of_o peace_n but_o they_o be_v a_o stiffnecked_a people_n take_v arm_n again_o enter_v afresh_o into_o actual_a rebellion_n drive_v away_o booty_n make_v foul_a uproar_n and_o upon_o fair_a promise_n procure_v the_o aid_n of_o the_o scottish_a islander_n from_o out_o of_o the_o hebrides_n whereupon_o the_o governor_n assemble_v a_o army_n and_o pursue_v they_o with_o such_o powerful_a violence_n through_o the_o wood_n and_o forest_n that_o after_o six_o or_o seven_o week_n be_v grievous_o hunger-bitten_a they_o submit_v themselves_o in_o all_o humility_n the_o auxiliarie_n force_v also_o of_o the_o scot_n he_o by_o day_n and_o night_n affront_v so_o near_o and_o follow_v so_o hardly_o that_o he_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n after_o he_o have_v kill_v and_o drown_v about_o three_o thousand_o of_o they_o in_o the_o river_n moin_v 8_o about_o the_o year_n 1316._o there_o be_v such_o a_o great_a slaughter_n make_v of_o the_o irish_a in_o this_o province_n of_o connaught_n through_o a_o quarrel_n that_o arise_v there_o between_o two_o lord_n or_o prince_n that_o there_o be_v slay_v on_o both_o side_n about_o four_o thousand_o man_n and_o so_o great_a a_o tribulation_n at_o that_o time_n come_v upon_o the_o people_n that_o they_o do_v devour_v and_o eat_v one_o another_o so_o as_o of_o 10000_o there_o remain_v not_o above_o 200._o living_n and_o it_o be_v report_v for_o truth_n that_o the_o people_n be_v then_o so_o hunger-starved_a that_o in_o churchyard_n they_o take_v the_o dead_a body_n out_o of_o their_o grave_n and_o in_o their_o skull_n boil_v the_o flesh_n and_o feed_v upon_o it_o yea_o and_o that_o woman_n do_v eat_v their_o own_o child_n thus_o appear_v the_o ire_n and_o anger_n of_o god_n in_o punish_v their_o sin_n and_o seek_v their_o conversion_n 9_o place_n memorable_a be_v inis_fw-la ceath_n well_o know_v by_o the_o monastery_n of_o colman_n a_o devout_a saint_n found_v for_o scot_n and_o englishman_n and_o inis_fw-la bovind_v which_o bede_n call_v white_a calse_a isle_n also_o maâ—o_o a_o monastery_n build_v as_o bede_n write_v for_o thirty_o man_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n likewise_o the_o barony_n of_o boil_v under_o carlew_n hill_n where_o in_o time_n past_a be_v a_o famous_a abbey_n build_v together_o with_o the_o abbey_n of_o beatitude_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 1152_o these_o abbey_n and_o monastery_n erect_v at_o the_o first_o for_o religious_a service_n and_o through_o ignorance_n and_o other_o obseurity_n divert_v since_o unto_o superstitious_a use_n be_v now_o make_v the_o ruin_n of_o time_n the_o province_n of_o ulster_n chapter_n v._n this_o province_n call_v by_o our_o welsh-britaines_n vltw_n in_o irish_a cui_fw-la guilly_n in_o latin_a vltonia_fw-la and_o vlidia_n in_o english_a visier_n on_o the_o north_n be_v divide_v by_o a_o narrow_a sea_n from_o scotland_n southward_o it_o extend_v itself_o to_o connagh_n and_o leinster_n the_o east_n part_n lie_v upon_o the_o irish_a sea_n and_o the_o west_n part_n be_v continual_o beat_v with_o the_o boisterous_a rage_n of_o the_o main_a west_n ocean_n this_o province_n and_o further_a part_n of_o ireland_n affront_v the_o scotish_n land_n which_o be_v call_v the_o hebrides_n and_o be_v scatter_v in_o the_o sea_n between_o both_o kingdom_n who_o inhabitant_n at_o this_o day_n be_v the_o irish-scot_n successor_n of_o the_o old_a scythian_a 2_o the_o form_n thereof_o be_v round_o reach_v in_o length_n from_o coldagh-haven_n in_o her_o north_n to_o kilmore_n in_o her_o south_n near_o a_o hundred_o mile_n and_o in_o breadth_n from_o black-abbey_n in_o her_o east_n to_o calebegh_n point_n in_o her_o west_n one_o hundred_o thirty_o and_o odd_a mile_n the_o whole_a in_o circumference_n about_o four_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o mile_n 3_o this_o country_n seldom_o feel_v any_o unseasonable_a extremity_n the_o quick_a and_o flexible_a wind_n cool_v the_o heat_n of_o summer_n and_o soft_a and_o gentle_a shower_n mollify_v the_o hardness_n of_o the_o winter_n brief_o the_o freeze_a nor_o torrid_a zone_n have_v not_o here_o any_o usurpation_n the_o cloud_n in_o the_o air_n very_o sweet_a and_o pleasant_a yea_o and_o when_o they_o be_v most_o