to_o the_o royal_a patrimony_n of_o england_n to_o the_o end_n that_o no_o man_n may_v question_v whether_o the_o sea_n belong_v to_o his_o king_n by_o the_o right_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n or_o of_o the_o duchy_n of_o normandy_n or_o of_o any_o other_o province_n in_o france_n another_o also_o who_o write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o say_v it_o have_v be_v receive_v by_o ancient_a custom_n that_o it_o be_v a_o duty_n lie_v upon_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o lord_z of_o the_o british_a sea_n to_o scour_v the_o sea_n of_o pirate_n and_o to_o render_v the_o use_n thereof_o as_o of_o a_o public_a road_n or_o thoroughfare_a who_o soil_n be_v within_o his_o patrimony_n safe_a for_o ship_n for_o he_o express_v himself_o in_o english_a thus_o 51._o the_o king_n of_o the_o old_a custom_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o narrow_a sea_n be_v bind_v as_o it_o be_v say_v to_o scour_v the_o sea_n of_o the_o pirate_n and_o petit_fw-la robber_n of_o 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england_n be_v now_o and_o then_o distinguish_v in_o 23._o our_o law_n from_o ireland_n which_o also_o be_v a_o distinct_a dominion_n of_o the_o same_o empire_n or_o from_o the_o other_o island_n which_o be_v reckon_v in_o the_o royal_a patrimony_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n for_o it_o be_v usual_a in_o the_o language_n of_o the_o law_n so_o to_o describe_v he_o who_o in_o that_o since_o shall_v be_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n and_o whereas_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o to_o a_o objection_n make_v against_o one_o that_o will_v avoid_v the_o yearly_a prescription_n as_o not_o bind_v by_o it_o for_o that_o he_o be_v not_o in_o england_n it_o be_v except_v that_o he_o be_v in_o scotland_n and_o so_o within_o the_o four_o sea_n it_o be_v thereupon_o 13._o answer_v and_o rule_v
kingdom_n the_o ground_n whereof_o be_v this_o because_o the_o universal_a right_n of_o all_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v common_a either_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o nation_n be_v transfer_v into_o his_o dominion_n and_o other_o passage_n he_o have_v much_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n as_o also_o 14._o stephanus_n paschasius_fw-la 11_o ludovicus_n servinus_fw-la sometime_o solicitor_n general_a for_o the_o king_n france_n popellinerius_n and_o other_o if_o they_o speak_v of_o the_o sea_n of_o maâ—seille_n or_o narbon_n we_o shall_v not_o oppose_v they_o but_o as_o to_o what_o concern_v the_o body_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o lie_v northward_o or_o westward_o of_o the_o french_a or_o that_o flow'_v between_o france_n and_o the_o island_n of_o great_a britain_n for_o that_o which_o lie_v westward_o from_o they_o upon_o that_o crooked_a shore_n or_o the_o gulf_n of_o aquitaine_n do_v indeed_o flow_v between_o the_o more_o westerly_a coast_n of_o our_o british_a isle_n and_o of_o 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be_v nothing_o in_o it_o that_o derogate_n from_o the_o ancient_a community_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o as_o to_o they_o it_o remaine_n as_o yet_o not_o possess_v but_o common_a to_o all_o man_n and_o therefore_o not_o to_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o revenue_n or_o patrimony_n of_o their_o king_n if_o so_o be_v credit_n may_v be_v give_v to_o that_o treatise_n late_o publish_v of_o the_o civil_a roman_a and_o french_a law_n by_o thomas_n cormerius_n counsellor_n to_o francis_n duke_n of_o anjou_n in_o his_o parliament_n of_o alencon_n the_o matter_n that_o it_o pretend'_v to_o treat_v of_o be_v the_o roman_a gallic_a law_n there_o be_v in_o it_o the_o custom_n of_o france_n decree_n of_o prince_n and_o privilege_n often_o intermingle_v but_o under_o the_o 2._o title_n of_o thing_n common_a â—o_o all_o he_o make_v the_o sea_n and_o shore_n common_a to_o all_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o roman_n as_o if_o in_o this_o matter_n it_o do_v exact_o agree_v with_o the_o law_n of_o france_n which_o certain_o be_v a_o argument_n that_o the_o french_a have_v no_o dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n nor_o must_v we_o let_v it_o pass_v that_o somwhile_o since_o there_o be_v two_o constitution_n pretend_v to_o in_o france_n one_o of_o 1555._o henry_n the_o second_o the_o other_o of_o 1584._o henry_n the_o three_o wherein_o they_o require_v that_o the_o ship_n of_o foreigner_n which_o sail_v through_o the_o sea_n border_v upon_o france_n shall_v strike_v their_o topsail_n forsooth_o in_o acknowledgement_n of_o that_o dominion_n the_o french_a have_v over_o the_o sea_n but_o neither_o of_o they_o be_v autorize_v or_o as_o they_o speak_v simple_o verify_v by_o the_o estate_n in_o parliament_n yea_o nor_o so_o much_o as_o admit_v into_o custom_n nay_o the_o late_a of_o they_o be_v plain_o reject_v as_o to_o any_o effect_n in_o law_n and_o this_o the_o french_a lawyer_n themselves_o confess_v in_o a_o 1609._o notable_a case_n between_o some_o merchant_n of_o hamburgh_n that_o be_v plaintiff_n and_o michaël_n butardus_n and_o other_o defendant_n in_o a_o parliament_n hold_v at_o tours_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o but_o that_o ceremony_n have_v by_o most_o ancient_a right_n and_o custom_n be_v observe_v and_o pay_v to_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n out_o of_o respect_n and_o in_o acknowledgement_n of_o their_o dominion_n as_o be_v show_v in_o the_o follow_a book_n where_o we_o treat_v of_o this_o particular_a more_o at_o large_a i_o know_v very_o well_o 2._o it_o be_v ordain_v by_o a_o edict_n of_o the_o french_a king_n that_o one_o three_o part_n of_o all_o good_n recover_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n shall_v belong_v to_o the_o king_n another_z to_o the_o admiral_n and_o the_o remainder_n to_o the_o seaman_n that_o find_v they_o and_o that_o the_o french_a do_v reckon_v very_o many_o commander_n in_o chief_a at_o sea_n or_o admiral_n in_o a_o line_n sometime_o continue_v and_o sometime_o interrupt_v which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o begin_v from_o the_o time_n of_o philip_n the_o son_n of_o st._n lewis_n that_o be_v from_o the_o year_n mcclxxxiv_o as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o franc._n joannes_n feronius_n 14._o stephanus_n paschasius_fw-la and_o other_o but_o that_o division_n of_o good_n recover_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n be_v simple_o consider_v do_v prove_v any_o dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n no_o more_o than_o the_o ten_o of_o any_o prize_n take_v from_o a_o enemy_n at_o sea_n which_o by_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o king_n also_o be_v allot_v to_o the_o 5._o admiral_n of_o the_o navy_n right_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o consent_n of_o person_n to_o wit_n subject_n transfer_v unto_o the_o king_n not_o upon_o any_o title_n of_o dominion_n whereby_o any_o pretence_n may_v be_v make_v to_o a_o acquire_v of_o the_o sea_n itself_o and_o they_o be_v pay_v no_o otherwise_o then_o impost_n or_o custom_n in_o the_o importation_n or_o exportation_n of_o merchandise_n but_o no_o man_n i_o suppose_v will_v imagine_v that_o from_o such_o impost_n or_o custom_n upon_o merchandise_n any_o proof_n may_v be_v make_v of_o a_o dominion_n over_o those_o passage_n through_o which_o the_o merchant_n sail_n before_o they_o arrive_v neither_o indeed_o be_v there_o any_o such_o custom_n as_o this_o in_o use_n among_o the_o french_a before_o the_o time_n of_o francis_n the_o first_o that_o be_v to_o say_v plain_o not_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n he_o desire_v to_o be_v and_o be_v make_v a_o sharer_n of_o those_o good_n which_o shall_v be_v draw_v by_o his_o subject_n out_o of_o any_o sea_n whatsoëver_o whereas_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n be_v wont_a to_o take_v as_o his_o own_o whatsoëver_n be_v leave_v or_o lose_v in_o the_o sea_n beside_o other_o emolument_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n and_o that_o by_o so_o ancient_a a_o right_n as_o for_o aught_o we_o know_v bear_n be_v a_o date_n no_o less_o ancient_a than_o the_o kingdom_n itself_o and_o as_o for_o those_o admiral_n of_o france_n they_o be_v no_o other_o than_o chief_a commander_n of_o navy_n and_o person_n and_o of_o the_o force_n by_o sea_n and_o judicatories_n at_o home_o but_o not_o qualify_v as_o precedent_n of_o a_o sea-province_n or_o territory_n as_o the_o custodes_fw-la ipsius_fw-la maris_fw-la the_o guardian_n of_o the_o sea_n among_o the_o english_a and_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n but_o more_o of_o this_o in_o the_o second_o book_n nevertheless_o from_o what_o have_v be_v allege_v concern_v the_o custom_n opinion_n or_o constitution_n among_o the_o french_a i_o suppose_v it_o sufficient_o appear_v that_o they_o do_v also_o acknowledge_v that_o private_a dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n either_o of_o nature_n or_o nation_n which_o serve_v his_o full_o for_o the_o clear_n of_o the_o point_n in_o question_n the_o private_a dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n according_a to_o the_o receive_a custom_n of_o the_o dane_n the_o people_n of_o norway_n the_o swede_n polander_n and_o turk_n chap._n xix_o we_o find_v clear_a testimony_n in_o the_o custom_n of_o other_o nation_n also_o of_o europe_n touch_v private_a dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o dane_n the_o people_n of_o norway_n the_o polander_n to_o who_o may_v be_v add_v also_o the_o turk_n we_o have_v observe_v by_o the_o toll_v or_o custom_n of_o denmark_n and_o norway_n what_o revenue_n the_o king_n of_o denmark_n raise_v out_o of_o the_o very_a navigation_n of_o the_o baltic_a sea_n as_o be_v common_o know_v and_o what_o be_v pay_v out_o of_o the_o royalty_n of_o the_o norwegian_a sea_n to_o the_o king_n of_o norway_n who_o at_o this_o time_n be_v also_o king_n of_o denmark_n for_o in_o the_o year_n mdlxxxiii_o frederick_n the_o second_o king_n of_o denmark_n and_o norway_n make_v a_o
write_v that_o leo_n make_v a_o change_n against_o reason_n of_o law_n and_o here_o especial_a care_n must_v be_v take_v to_o avoid_v that_o which_o some_o have_v presume_v to_o affirm_v touch_v those_o most_o excellent_a book_n of_o justinian_n which_o make_v up_o a_o entire_a body_n of_o the_o ancient_a law_n 3._o that_o the_o law_n prescribe_v in_o those_o book_n be_v not_o the_o law_n only_o of_o a_o city_n but_o even_o of_o nation_n and_o nature_n and_o that_o the_o whole_a be_v so_o fit_v unto_o nature_n that_o after_o the_o empire_n be_v extinct_a though_o the_o law_n be_v a_o long_a time_n bury_v yet_o it_o rise_v again_o and_o spread_v itself_o through_o all_o the_o world_n and_o therefore_o that_o it_o concern_v even_o prince_n although_o it_o be_v frame_v by_o justinian_n for_o private_a person_n as_o if_o the_o law_n natural_a and_o of_o nation_n be_v to_o be_v derive_v only_o out_o of_o those_o book_n for_o not_o to_o mention_v how_o that_o not_o only_o very_o many_o decree_n and_o custome_n introduce_v in_o the_o romane-germane_n empire_n itself_o and_o other_o place_n abroad_o have_v extreme_o alter_v many_o thing_n contain_v in_o those_o book_n but_o also_o that_o we_o find_v divers_a king_n both_o of_o ley_n spain_n and_o physica_n france_n have_v sometime_o heretofore_o prohibit_v the_o use_n of_o they_o in_o any_o kind_n within_o their_o court_n of_o justice_n there_o be_v true_o some_o thing_n in_o the_o very_a law_n of_o the_o nation_n of_o europe_n who_o receiv_v those_o book_n and_o that_o upon_o very_o good_a ground_n both_o into_o their_o school_n and_o court_n so_o far_o as_o the_o particular_a law_n of_o their_o kingdom_n will_v permit_v i_o mean_v in_o their_o law_n common_a or_o intervenient_a which_o be_v not_o ground_v at_o all_o upon_o the_o law_n of_o justinian_n but_o have_v have_v their_o original_n from_o custom_n quite_o contrary_a thereto_o prisoner_n of_o war_n be_v not_o now_o make_v slave_n nor_o be_v the_o law_n concern_v captivity_n or_o remitter_n upon_o return_n from_o captivity_n touch_v the_o 20._o person_n of_o man_n in_o any_o use_n at_o all_o which_o notwithstanding_o take_v up_o a_o title_n in_o the_o digest_v ship_n drive_v by_o wrack_n upon_o a_o shore_n do_v by_o the_o possessione_n law_n of_o justinian_n which_o be_v confirm_v also_o in_o the_o 118._o roman_n german_a empire_n belong_v either_o to_o the_o former_a owner_n or_o as_o thing_n relinquish_v and_o unpossessed_a to_o the_o first_o finder_n nor_o do_v the_o exchequer_n interpose_v any_o claim_n whereas_o nevertheless_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o divers_a nation_n intervenient_a to_o themselves_o and_o their_o neighbour_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o those_o ship_n be_v very_o often_o confiscate_v according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o custom_n as_o among_o the_o english_a the_o 45._o britain_n 10._o sicilian_n some_o 393._o borderer_n upon_o the_o shore_n of_o italy_n and_o other_o and_o although_o it_o be_v account_v cruelty_n by_o some_o to_o pursue_v profit_n upon_o so_o sad_a a_o occasion_n as_o it_o be_v also_o by_o the_o 85._o emperor_n either_o constantine_n or_o antoninus_n who_o make_v a_o law_n thereupon_o yea_o and_o though_o beside_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o lateran_n council_n the_o bull_n raptoribus_fw-la coenae_fw-la domini_fw-la do_v blast_n those_o every_o year_n with_o excommunication_n that_o plunder_v the_o good_n of_o such_o as_o suffer_v shipwreck_n in_o 4._o any_o sea_n upon_o any_o pretence_n of_o law_n or_o custom_n whatsoêver_o yet_o the_o custom_n of_o confiscation_n in_o this_o case_n derive_v not_o its_o original_a from_o the_o rude_a and_o barbarous_a age_n but_o it_o flow_v first_o from_o the_o most_o ancient_a maritime_a law_n of_o the_o rhodian_o which_o be_v in_o use_n among_o the_o grecian_n in_o their_o flourish_a condition_n as_o shall_v be_v show_v by_o and_o by_o and_o from_o thence_o be_v receive_v by_o divers_a prince_n also_o when_o the_o emperor_n ambassador_n as_o bodin_n say_v make_v complaint_n before_o henry_n the_o second_o king_n of_o france_n that_o two_o ship_n be_v drive_v a_o shore_n be_v seize_v by_o one_o jordanes_n ursinus_n and_o demand_v a_o restitution_n of_o they_o annas_n of_o momorancie_n master_n of_o the_o horse_n make_v answer_n that_o all_o thing_n which_o have_v be_v cast_v upon_o shore_n do_v by_o the_o law_n of_o all_o nation_n belong_v to_o such_o prince_n as_o have_v command_v the_o sh_n so_o far_o have_v custom_n take_v place_n in_o this_o particular_a that_o andraeas_n doria_n do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o complain_v about_o those_o ship_n that_o be_v cast_v upon_o the_o french_a shore_n and_o make_v prize_n by_o the_o admiral_n of_o france_n so_o far_o he_o in_o like_a manner_n whale_n and_o other_o fish_n of_o extraordinary_a bigness_n do_v not_o according_a to_o the_o know_a law_n of_o england_n 48._o portugal_n and_o other_o nation_n belong_v to_o he_o that_o first_o seize_v they_o but_o either_o to_o the_o exchequer_n or_o which_o be_v all_o one_o to_o such_o as_o the_o prince_n shall_v grant_v a_o royalty_n of_o that_o nature_n other_o instance_n may_v be_v bring_v sufficient_o to_o show_v that_o the_o law_n natural_a and_o of_o nation_n be_v not_o whole_o to_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o such_o decree_n or_o determination_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o book_n of_o justinian_n and_o so_o that_o what_o be_v there_o insert_v touch_v a_o community_n of_o the_o sea_n do_v not_o in_o any_o wise_a diminish_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o receive_a custom_n of_o so_o many_o age_n and_o nation_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o sea_n be_v say_v in_o those_o book_n to_o be_v common_a as_o the_o aâ—r_n and_o as_o wild_a beast_n be_v common_a as_o if_o indeed_o the_o neighbour_a aâ—r_n itself_o can_v not_o pass_v into_o private_a dominion_n as_o well_o as_o a_o river_n that_o be_v possels'â—_n and_o wild_a beast_n that_o be_v take_v moreover_o those_o ancient_n do_v ordinary_o conjoin_v a_o community_n of_o shore_n and_o port_n not_o unlike_a to_o that_o which_o they_o teach_v of_o the_o sea_n as_o if_o the_o very_a reason_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o port_n and_o shore_n as_o they_o belong_v either_o to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n or_o which_o be_v all_o one_o here_o to_o the_o prince_n himself_o be_v not_o manifest_o draw_v as_o we_o have_v express_o show_v already_o out_o of_o 14._o celsus_n from_o the_o impost_n and_o custom_n which_o be_v frequent_a enough_o both_o in_o the_o shore_n and_o obiter_fw-la port_n of_o the_o â—oman_n empire_n and_o in_o the_o book_n of_o c._n justinian_n as_o in_o many_o other_o place_n for_o as_o the_o 1._o payment_n of_o that_o tribute_n which_o be_v call_v solarium_fw-la à _fw-la solo_n and_o thence_o by_o the_o greek_a lawyer_n pignore_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o a_o house_n that_o be_v build_v upon_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o common-weal_n or_o the_o public_a ground_n be_v a_o sufficient_a argument_n that_o the_o common-weal_n or_o the_o prince_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o soil_n so_o indeed_o also_o the_o custom_n pay_v for_o the_o use_n of_o port_n manifest_v that_o there_o be_v the_o same_o kind_n of_o dominion_n over_o them_o also_o port_n themselves_o be_v right_o suppose_v to_o be_v a_o part_n even_o of_o the_o continent_n as_o appear_v in_o publicanis_fw-la another_o place_n moreover_o also_o justinian_n appropriate_v the_o hellespont_n to_o himself_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o he_o will_v not_o permit_v merchant_n and_o seaman_n to_o enjoy_v a_o freedom_n of_o that_o sea_n and_o the_o port_n but_o at_o a_o extraordinary_a rate_n if_o we_o may_v believ_n 110._o procopius_n who_o be_v his_o comtemporarie_a and_o write_v his_o affair_n nor_o do_v they_o imagine_v there_o be_v any_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o that_o over_o the_o land_n or_o people_n who_o about_o 400_o year_n since_o put_v this_o inscription_n upon_o the_o monument_n of_o the_o emperor_n 93._o frederick_n the_o second_o qui_fw-la mare_fw-la qui_fw-la terras_fw-la populos_fw-la &_o regna_fw-la subegit_fw-la who_o subdue_v the_o sea_n the_o land_n nation_n and_o kingdom_n to_o wit_n in_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o palermo_n in_o which_o place_n notwithstanding_o the_o imperial_a law_n flourish_v at_o that_o time_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o roman-german_a empire_n the_o sum_n of_o all_o be_v that_o those_o ancient_a lawyer_n do_v deliver_v many_o thing_n careless_o touch_v this_o matter_n not_o only_o such_o as_o thwart_v the_o most_o receive_a custom_n of_o nation_n through_o almost_o all_o age_n but_o such_o also_o as_o do_v sufficient_o contradict_v one_o another_o especial_o whilst_o they_o join_v the_o shore_n itself_o and_o consequent_o the_o port_n together_o as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o equal_a state_n of_o community_n so_o that_o they_o be_v equal_o
be_v by_o they_o deliver_v just_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v so_o discourse_n upon_o aristotle_n astronomy_n or_o the_o opinion_n of_o thales_n touch_v the_o earth_n float_v like_o a_o dish_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o that_o of_o the_o stoics_n of_o its_o encompass_v the_o earth_n like_o a_o girdle_n with_o that_o of_o the_o ancient_n concern_v a_o extreme_a heat_n under_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o other_o opinion_n of_o that_o kind_n which_o be_v reject_v and_o condemn_v by_o the_o observation_n and_o experience_n of_o posterity_n that_o he_o may_v seem_v not_o so_o much_o to_o search_v into_o the_o thing_n itself_o as_o to_o represent_v the_o person_n of_o the_o author_n thereby_o to_o trace_v out_o his_o meaning_n only_o for_o the_o discover_n of_o his_o opinion_n but_o as_o the_o root_n be_v cut_v the_o tree_n fall_v so_o the_o authority_n of_o those_o ancient_a lawyer_n be_v remove_v out_o of_o the_o way_n all_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o modern_a which_o be_v support_v by_o it_o must_v be_v extreme_o weaken_v now_o therefore_o as_o to_o what_o have_v be_v former_o allege_v out_o of_o fernandus_n vosquius_fw-la it_o be_v ground_v upon_o such_o argument_n as_o be_v either_o manifest_o fall_v or_o impertinent_a for_o what_o be_v this_o to_o the_o purpose_n that_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n to_o this_o present_a day_n be_v and_o ever_o have_v be_v in_o common_a without_o the_o least_o alteration_n as_o it_o be_v general_o know_v whereas_o the_o quite_o contrary_a be_v most_o certain_o know_v to_o those_o who_o have_v have_v any_o insight_n into_o the_o receive_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o age_n and_o nation_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o by_o most_o approve_a law_n and_o custom_n some_o sea_n have_v pass_v into_o the_o dominion_n and_o partrimonie_n both_o of_o prince_n and_o private_a person_n as_o be_v clear_o make_v manifest_a out_o of_o what_o have_v be_v already_o show_v you_o moreover_o also_o he_o 7._o will_v have_v prescription_n to_o cease_v betwixt_o foreigner_n in_o relation_n to_o each_o other_o and_o not_o to_o take_v place_n in_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n but_o in_o the_o civil_a only_o so_o that_o by_o his_o opinion_n prescription_n shall_v be_v of_o no_o force_n between_o those_o as_o between_o two_o supreme_a state_n or_o prince_n who_o be_v not_o indifferent_o subject_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o admit_n prescription_n than_o which_o not_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v say_v or_o imagine_v more_o absurd_a almost_o all_o the_o principal_a point_n of_o the_o intervenient_a law_n of_o nation_n be_v establish_v by_o long_a consent_n of_o person_n use_v they_o do_v depend_v upon_o prescription_n or_o ancient_a custom_n to_o say_v nothing_o of_o those_o prince_n who_o territory_n be_v subject_a heretofore_o to_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o who_o afterward_o become_v absolute_a within_o themselves_o not_o only_o by_o arm_n but_o also_o by_o prescription_n which_o be_v every_o where_o admit_v among_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n whence_o be_v it_o that_o prisoner_n of_o war_n be_v not_o now_o make_v slave_n among_o christian_n unless_o it_o be_v because_o that_o custom_n begin_v to_o grow_v out_o of_o date_n some_o age_n since_o upon_o a_o ground_n of_o 2d_o christian_a brotherhood_n and_o by_o prescription_n ratify_v betwixt_o nation_n whence_o be_v it_o that_o the_o ransom_n of_o prisoner_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v some_o to_o the_o prince_n and_o some_o to_o the_o person_n that_o take_v they_o as_o for_o instance_n when_o the_o ransom_n be_v not_o above_o ten_o thousand_o crown_n it_o go_v to_o he_o that_o take_v the_o prisoner_n when_o it_o exceed_v it_o be_v to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o prince_n because_o say_v 4._o nicolaus_n boërius_n if_o it_o exceed_v as_o when_o any_o one_o have_v take_v a_o duke_n a_o count_n a_o baron_n or_o any_o other_o great_a man_n than_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o prince_n and_o so_o it_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n england_n and_o spain_n it_o have_v by_o prescription_n of_o time_n be_v observe_v among_o prince_n and_o so_o it_o become_v law_n and_o true_o to_o deny_v a_o title_n of_o prescription_n whole_o among_o prince_n be_v plain_o to_o abrogate_v the_o very_a intervenient_a law_n of_o nation_n as_o for_o those_o other_o thing_n mention_v by_o vasquius_fw-la concern_v charity_n and_o the_o inexhaustible_a abundance_n of_o the_o sea_n whereby_o he_o make_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o river_n and_o sea_n and_o other_o thing_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n they_o have_v no_o relation_n at_o all_o to_o the_o point_n of_o dominion_n as_o you_o have_v be_v sufficient_o tell_v already_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o come_v to_o the_o other_o to_o wit_n hugo_n grotius_n a_o man_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o extraordinary_a knowledge_n in_o thing_n both_o divine_a and_o humane_a who_o name_n be_v very_o frequent_a in_o the_o mouth_n of_o man_n every_o where_o to_o maintain_v a_o natural_a and_o perpetual_a community_n of_o the_o sea_n he_o have_v handle_v that_o point_n in_o two_o book_n in_o his_o mare_fw-la liberum_fw-la and_o in_o that_o excellent_a work_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la belli_n &_o pacis_fw-la as_o to_o what_o concern_v mare_fw-la liberum_fw-la a_o book_n that_o be_v write_v against_o the_o portugal_n about_o trade_v into_o the_o indies_n through_o the_o vast_a atlantic_a and_o southern_a ocean_n it_o conte_v indeed_o such_o thing_n as_o have_v be_v deliver_v by_o ancient_a lawyer_n touch_v community_n of_o the_o sea_n yea_o and_o dispute_v for_o the_o profit_n and_o interest_n of_o his_o country_n he_o draw_n they_o into_o his_o own_o party_n and_o so_o endeavor_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o private_a dominion_n but_o he_o have_v so_o wary_o couch_v this_o subject_n with_o other_o thing_n that_o whether_o in_o this_o he_o do_v hit_v or_o miss_v the_o rest_n howsoëver_o may_v serve_v to_o assert_v the_o point_n which_o he_o be_v to_o handle_v moreover_o he_o discourse_v about_o the_o title_n of_o discovery_n and_o primarie_a occupation_n pretend_v to_o by_o the_o portugal_n and_o that_o also_o which_o be_v by_o donation_n from_o the_o pope_n and_o he_o seem_v in_o a_o manner_n either_o sometime_o to_o quit_v that_o natural_a and_o perpetual_a community_n which_o many_o civil_a lawyer_n be_v eager_a to_o maintain_v and_o he_o himself_o in_o order_n to_o his_o design_n endeavour_v to_o confirm_v or_o else_o to_o confess_v that_o it_o can_v hardly_o be_v defend_v for_o concern_v those_o sea_n that_o be_v enclose_v by_o the_o ancient_a roman_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o sea_n say_v 5._o he_o differ'_v from_o the_o shore_n in_o this_o that_o the_o sea_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o some_o small_a part_n of_o itself_o be_v not_o easy_o capable_a of_o building_n or_o enclosure_n and_o put_v case_n it_o be_v yet_o even_o this_o can_v hardly_o be_v without_o the_o hindrance_n of_o common_a use_n nevertheless_o if_o any_o small_a part_n of_o it_o may_v be_v thus_o possess_v it_o fall_v to_o he_o that_o enter_v upon_o it_o first_o by_o occupation_n now_o the_o difference_n of_o a_o lesser_a and_o a_o greaâ—er_a part_n can_v take_v place_n i_o suppose_v in_o the_o determine_n of_o private_a dominion_n but_o in_o express_a word_n he_o except'_v even_o a_o bay_n or_o creek_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o a_o little_a after_o say_v he_o we_o do_v not_o speak_v here_o of_o a_o iâ—land_n sea_n which_o in_o some_o place_n be_v straighten_v with_o land_n on_o every_o side_n exceed_v not_o the_o breadth_n even_o of_o a_o river_n yet_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o this_o be_v it_o the_o roman_a lawyer_n speak_v of_o when_o they_o set_v forth_o those_o notable_a determination_n against_o private_a avarice_n but_o the_o question_n be_v concern_v the_o ocean_n which_o antiquity_n call_v immense_a infinite_a the_o parent_n or_o original_a of_o thing_n confine_v with_o the_o aër_fw-la and_o afterward_o he_o say_v the_o controversy_n be_v not_o about_o a_o straight_a or_o creek_n in_o this_o ocean_n nor_o of_o so_o much_o as_o be_v within_o view_v when_o one_o stand_v upon_o the_o shore_n a_o little_a far_o also_o speak_v of_o prescription_n he_o say_v 7._o it_o be_v to_o be_v add_v that_o their_o authority_n who_o be_v of_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n can_v be_v apply_v to_o this_o question_n for_o they_o speak_v of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n we_o of_o the_o ocean_n they_o of_o a_o creek_n or_o bay_n we_o of_o the_o broad_a and_o wide_a sea_n which_o differ_v very_o much_o in_o the_o point_n of_o occupation_n and_o certain_o there_o be_v no_o man_n but_o must_v conceiv_v it_o a_o very_a difficult_a thing_n to_o possess_v the_o whole_a ocean_n though_o if_o it_o can_v be_v hold_v by_o occupation_n like_o a_o narrow_a sea_n or_o a_o creek_n or_o as_o
sea_n for_o their_o respective_a kingdom_n and_o territory_n thus_o canutus_n be_v king_n of_o the_o king_n of_o that_o sea_n which_o he_o himself_o also_o sufficient_o declare_v when_o he_o express_o affirm_v in_o what_o be_v before_o relate_v that_o the_o sea_n itself_o be_v under_o his_o dominion_n and_o so_o much_o for_o testimony_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o british_a sea_n have_v be_v possess_v not_o only_o by_o the_o britain_n after_o they_o have_v cast_v off_o the_o roman_a yoke_n but_o also_o by_o the_o english-saxon_a and_o danish_a king_n moreover_o it_o seem_v they_o do_v use_v to_o take_v a_o kind_n of_o course_n for_o the_o strengthen_n and_o preservation_n of_o their_o dominion_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n as_o the_o ancient_a german_n of_o who_o both_o dane_n and_o saxon_n be_v a_o part_n be_v wont_a to_o do_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o midland_n city_n among_o they_o say_v 6._o caesar_z it_o be_v the_o high_a glory_n to_o make_v very_o large_a depopulation_n and_o lay_v all_o the_o country_n round_o about_o they_o waste_v measure_v their_o honour_n by_o their_o distance_n from_o any_o neighbour_n and_o account_v it_o the_o only_a token_n of_o valour_n when_o none_o dare_v plant_v themselves_o within_o their_o reach_n and_o beside_o they_o think_v by_o this_o mean_n to_o render_v themselves_o more_o secure_a by_o remove_v the_o fear_n of_o any_o sudden_a incursion_n so_o it_o have_v be_v the_o manner_n of_o those_o that_o at_o any_o time_n have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o britain_n to_o extend_v their_o dominion_n in_o the_o circumambient_a sea_n to_o the_o large_a circuit_n scour_v the_o sea_n about_o and_o keep_v other_o nation_n at_o a_o distance_n as_o it_o be_v from_o the_o wall_n or_o precinct_n of_o the_o island_n nor_o be_v those_o german_a city_n more_o master_n of_o that_o waste_n part_n of_o the_o country_n that_o lie_v about_o they_o than_o the_o king_n be_v of_o britain_n be_v over_o the_o sea_n of_o the_o same_o name_n but_o as_o we_o observe_v before_o of_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_n so_o here_o also_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v of_o the_o norwegian_n or_o norman_n for_o many_o time_n they_o be_v to_o be_v take_v for_o one_o and_o the_o same_o people_n and_o other_o northern_a nation_n that_o those_o british_a isle_n which_o be_v situate_v in_o the_o west_n and_o northern_a sea_n be_v sometime_o so_o possess_v by_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n as_o also_o by_o the_o norwegian_n and_o such_o other_o as_o infest_a the_o northern_a sea_n and_o invade_v the_o isle_n lie_v between_o they_o and_o britain_n that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o they_o also_o according_a to_o the_o various_a alteration_n of_o their_o dominion_n by_o land_n succeed_v one_o another_o for_o that_o interval_n of_o time_n in_o the_o possession_n of_o a_o proportionable_a part_n of_o the_o sea_n also_o as_o a_o appendant_a to_o every_o one_o of_o the_o shore_n of_o britain_n the_o scot_n say_v a_o normannis_fw-la unknown_a author_n speak_v of_o the_o year_n dcccxlvi_o for_o many_o year_n become_v tributary_n to_o the_o norman_n who_o without_o any_o resistance_n enter_v and_o settle_v themselves_o in_o the_o isle_n lie_v round_o about_o and_o as_o touch_v the_o naval_a affair_n of_o the_o norman_n in_o our_o sea_n there_o be_v many_o passage_n to_o be_v see_v in_o regino_n the_o abbot_n aimoinus_n and_o other_o writer_n of_o that_o age._n but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o be_v sufficient_o manifest_a that_o as_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o tumultuary_a &_o unsettle_a posture_n of_o affair_n in_o those_o day_n the_o dominion_n of_o the_o island_n itself_o be_v very_o often_o toss_v to_o and_o fro_o so_o also_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v in_o like_a manner_n attempt_v disturb_v invade_v recover_v and_o defend_v as_o that_o which_o do_v inseparable_o follow_v the_o dominion_n and_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o island_n we_o be_v not_o ignorant_a that_o in_o the_o french_a history_n there_o be_v now_o and_o then_o some_o passage_n that_o speak_v of_o their_o naval_a power_n in_o this_o age_n which_o be_v collect_v by_o 7._o popelinerius_n but_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v gather_v from_o they_o that_o may_v set_v forth_o the_o least_o sign_n or_o shadow_n of_o a_o sovereignty_n or_o dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n very_o few_o indeed_o be_v to_o be_v find_v and_o such_o as_o either_o concern_v only_o the_o defend_v the_o mouth_n of_o their_o river_n against_o the_o norman_n and_o dane_n than_o rove_a up_o and_o down_o our_o sea_n or_o the_o subdue_a of_o the_o friezlander_n and_o some_o of_o the_o neighbor-nation_n whereunto_o also_o some_o other_o passage_n relate_v which_o we_o shall_v mention_v by_o and_o by_o when_o we_o come_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o admiral_n of_o france_n several_a testimony_n concern_v the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n since_o the_o norman_a conquest_n set_v forth_o in_o general_a head_n chap._n xiii_o follow_v the_o order_n and_o method_n of_o our_o enquirie_n in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o treat_v of_o the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o britain_n since_o the_o come_n of_o the_o norman_n into_o england_n and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n our_o discourse_n shall_v be_v of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o english_a sea_n or_o that_o which_o flow'_v between_o england_n and_o the_o opposite_a shore_n or_o havens_n of_o the_o neighbor-nation_n now_o whereas_o it_o be_v confess_v on_o all_o hand_n that_o all_o dominion_n be_v chief_o found_v upon_o just_a possession_n or_o occupation_n and_o its_o continuance_n and_o that_o possession_n be_v not_o suppose_v to_o be_v have_v by_o the_o act_n either_o of_o the_o mind_n or_o body_n single_o and_o apart_o as_o possessione_n paulus_n long_o since_o have_v well_o determine_v but_o be_v most_o firm_o get_v and_o retain_v by_o the_o joint_a concurrence_n of_o mind_n and_o body_n whereupon_o it_o be_v distinguish_v into_o retinendâ_fw-la civil_a that_o be_v where_o there_o be_v a_o right_a or_o title_n by_o law_n and_o natural_a or_o corporal_a and_o it_o be_v requisite_a that_o this_o dominion_n receiv_v a_o signal_n confirmation_n by_o a_o long_a continue_a assent_n a_o free_a and_o public_a confession_n or_o acknowledgement_n of_o such_o neighbour_n who_o it_o most_o concern_v first_o then_o as_o concern_v the_o corporal_n or_o natural_a possession_n of_o this_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o that_o which_o be_v civil_a or_o by_o law_n and_o be_v retain_v by_o the_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n we_o shall_v give_v you_o very_o ample_a testimony_n since_o the_o time_n of_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_n and_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o will_v show_v how_o this_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v be_v acknowledge_v by_o those_o foreign_a or_o neighbor-nation_n who_o it_o most_o concern_v but_o forasmuch_o as_o what_o we_o shall_v thus_o speak_v of_o the_o english_a sea_n in_o general_n will_v chief_o relate_v to_o the_o southern_a and_o eastern_a or_o that_o which_o have_v the_o english_a shore_n on_o one_o side_n and_o france_n and_o germany_n on_o the_o other_o we_o will_v therefore_o discourse_n several_o of_o that_o which_o lie_v to_o the_o west_n of_o england_n and_o also_o of_o the_o scotish_n sea_n or_o that_o which_o lie_v more_o northerly_a as_o concern_v the_o possession_n of_o the_o english_a sea_n both_o corporal_n and_o mental_a or_o civil_a continue_v for_o that_o space_n of_o time_n which_o we_o now_o speak_v of_o with_o the_o like_a dominion_n arise_v and_o retain_v thereupon_o there_o be_v divers_a notable_a and_o very_a clear_a testimony_n thereof_o which_o for_o method_n sake_n we_o divide_v into_o eight_o head_n whereof_o i_o the_o custody_n government_n or_o admiralty_n of_o the_o english_a sea_n as_o a_o territory_n or_o province_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n ii_o the_o dominion_n of_o those_o island_n that_o lie_v before_o the_o french_a shore_n iii_o the_o leave_v of_o passage_n through_o this_o sea_n grant_v to_o foreiner_n upon_o request_n iu_o the_o liberty_n of_o fish_v therein_o allow_v upon_o courtesy_n to_o foreiner_n and_o neighbour_n and_o the_o protection_n give_v to_o fisherman_n v._o prescribe_v of_o law_n and_o limit_n to_o foreiner_n who_o be_v in_o hostility_n one_o with_o another_o but_o both_o in_o amity_n with_o the_o english_a make_v prize_n of_o each_o other_o in_o this_o sea_n vi_o the_o record_n whereby_o this_o dominion_n be_v express_o assert_v by_o the_o by_o as_o a_o most_o undoubted_a right_n and_o that_o noâ—_n only_o by_o the_o king_n but_o by_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n when_o they_o debate_v of_o other_o matter_n vii_o the_o commentary_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o common_a custom_n of_o the_o nation_n which_o do_v either_o assert_v or_o at_o
worthy_a of_o observation_n that_o this_o kind_n of_o letter_n be_v usual_o superscribe_v and_o direct_v by_o our_o king_n to_o their_o governor_n of_o the_o sea_n admiral_n vice-admirals_n sea-captain_n to_o wit_n the_o commander_n appoint_v by_o the_o king_n to_o take_v care_n of_o his_o territory_n by_o sea_n whereas_o notwithstanding_o we_o find_v no_o mention_n at_o all_o of_o any_o such_o commander_n in_o those_o passport_n of_o that_o kind_n which_o be_v grant_v heretofore_o by_o the_o french_a king_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n when_o he_o be_v to_o cross_v over_o into_o france_n letter_n of_o that_o kind_n be_v give_v to_o our_o edward_n the_o second_o by_o king_n philip_n the_o long_a superscribe_v only_o thus_o dorso_fw-la phelip_n par_fw-fr la_fw-fr grace_n de_fw-fr dieu_fw-fr roy_fw-fr de_fw-fr france_n a_o touz_v noz_n justicier_n &_o subgy_n salut_v philip_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o france_n to_o our_o judge_n and_o subject_n greeting_n but_o the_o reason_n be_v evident_a why_o the_o k._n of_o england_n be_v wont_a to_o direct_v his_o letter_n to_o his_o commander_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o french_a king_n at_o that_o time_n only_o to_o his_o judge_n and_o subject_n in_o general_a to_o wit_n because_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v his_o sea-commander_n throughout_o this_o whole_a sea_n as_o lord_n of_o the_o same_o and_o therefore_o when_o he_o cross_v over_o it_o be_v not_o reasonable_a that_o the_o french_a k._n shall_v secure_v he_o by_o sea_n it_o be_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o english_a territory_n and_o yet_o the_o king_n of_o france_n may_v perhaps_o have_v a_o admiral_n at_o that_o time_n but_o only_o upon_o the_o shore_n of_o normandy_n and_o picardy_n for_o that_o of_o aquitain_n bretaign_n and_o narbonne_n be_v not_o as_o yet_o add_v to_o the_o patrimony_n of_o that_o crown_n and_o it_o be_v about_o that_o time_n or_o a_o little_a before_o that_o they_o be_v place_v who_o be_v first_o rank_v in_o the_o catalogue_n of_o the_o admiral_n of_o france_n but_o of_o late_a time_n it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o in_o those_o passport_n or_o letter_n of_o safe_a conduct_n which_o have_v be_v grant_v even_o by_o the_o sauf-conduit_n french_a king_n and_o other_o prince_n border_v upon_o the_o sea_n admiral_n be_v usual_o name_v in_o express_a term_n among_o the_o other_o kind_n of_o royal_a officer_n to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o to_o who_o the_o passport_n be_v grant_v may_v be_v secure_v in_o every_o place_n and_o part_n of_o their_o dominion_n but_o as_o touch_v the_o english_a command_n over_o such_o as_o pass_v or_o sail_v through_o their_o sea_n there_o be_v many_o other_o argument_n take_v as_o we_o shall_v show_v by_o and_o by_o from_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o king_n be_v prescribe_v limit_n to_o such_o as_o sail_v in_o this_o sea_n as_o also_o from_o those_o passage_n which_o we_o have_v book_n already_o cite_v out_o of_o record_n concern_v the_o tribute_n or_o custom_n impose_v by_o the_o english_a upon_o such_o as_o pass_v through_o the_o sea_n and_o true_o it_o be_v very_o considerable_a also_o that_o the_o king_n both_o of_o denmark_n and_o sweden_n together_o with_o the_o hans-town_n very_o often_o and_o earnest_o beg_v of_o queen_n elisabeth_n that_o they_o may_v have_v free_a passage_n through_o the_o english_a sea_n with_o provision_n towards_o spain_n during_o the_o war_n betwixt_o she_o and_o the_o spaniard_n i_o know_v indeed_o that_o such_o a_o licence_n be_v deny_v they_o not_o only_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o chief_o to_o prevent_v the_o convey_n of_o provision_n to_o the_o enemy_n for_o which_o cause_n also_o divers_a ship_n belong_v to_o the_o hans-town_n lade_v with_o corn_n be_v edita_fw-la take_v by_o english_a man_n of_o war_n in_o the_o very_a strait_n of_o lisbon_n without_o the_o sea-territorie_n of_o england_n which_o go_v by_o the_o 95._o scotish_n sea_n and_o the_o west_n towards_o portugal_n which_o be_v do_v doubtless_o that_o they_o may_v not_o presume_v to_o use_v the_o english_a sea_n without_o the_o leave_v of_o the_o queen_n but_o the_o hans-town_n cry_v out_o thereupon_o that_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n commerce_n and_o league_n be_v violate_v because_o their_o ship_n be_v so_o take_v by_o the_o english_a only_o upon_o this_o account_n that_o they_o carry_v provision_n to_o the_o enemy_n that_o be_v in_o a_o territory_n where_o the_o english_a do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o pretend_v to_o any_o dominion_n and_o concern_v this_o particular_a there_o be_v a_o notable_a question_n controvert_v by_o very_o 5._o learned_a man_n how_o far_o they_o that_o be_v not_o enemy_n or_o will_v not_o be_v call_v enemy_n may_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n afford_v supply_n unto_o a_o enemy_n but_o some_o year_n before_o the_o take_n of_o these_o ship_n when_o the_o hamburger_n who_o in_o the_o name_n also_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o hans-town_n desire_v leave_v to_o pass_v through_o this_o sea_n to_o portugal_n and_o spain_n be_v more_o than_o once_o deny_v any_o kind_n of_o liberty_n to_o transport_v either_o corn_n or_o warlike_a necessary_n they_o do_v not_o at_o all_o suggest_v that_o their_o petition_n at_o that_o time_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n or_o commerce_n nor_o that_o the_o queen_n denial_n be_v contrary_a to_o this_o kind_n of_o law_n that_o be_v to_o say_v they_o be_v by_o her_o first_o 1589._o answer_n enjoin_v to_o abstain_v from_o transport_v arm_n with_o other_o warlike_a necessary_n and_o corn_n but_o say_v the_o queen_n in_o transport_v other_o commodity_n we_o shall_v not_o hinder_v you_o at_o all_o but_o shall_v with_o all_o favour_n permit_v the_o ship_n of_o your_o subject_n to_o abide_v and_o pass_v after_o the_o accustom_a manner_n that_o they_o may_v perform_v their_o voyage_n this_o answer_n they_o do_v not_o seem_v to_o take_v amiss_o but_o two_o year_n after_o they_o send_v into_o england_n sebastian_n à _fw-fr berghen_n their_o ambassador_n with_o petitionary_a letter_n desire_v that_o the_o exception_n in_o the_o licence_n former_o grant_v may_v be_v take_v away_o and_o a_o freedom_n to_o transport_v all_o kind_n of_o merchandise_n permit_v their_o petition_n be_v deny_v again_o and_o this_o moreover_o add_v that_o such_o as_o shall_v presume_v to_o do_v the_o contrary_a shall_v for_o their_o bold_a presumption_n suffer_v the_o loss_n of_o all_o their_o good_n and_o merchandise_n so_o carry_v against_o her_o majesty_n be_v will_v and_o pleasure_n if_o they_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o her_o man_n of_o war_n or_o any_o other_o of_o her_o majesty_n be_v subject_n thus_o they_o ever_o address_v themselves_o by_o petition_n and_o the_o queen_n give_v answer_n according_a to_o her_o pleasure_n they_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o pretend_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n or_o of_o commerce_n before_o that_o they_o understand_v their_o ship_n be_v seize_v in_o another_o sea_n to_o wit_n that_o of_o 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navigation_n in_o respect_n of_o other_o nor_o true_o be_v it_o to_o be_v omit_v that_o grimbald_n himself_o here_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o french_a navy_n do_v not_o only_o arrogate_v this_o power_n in_o this_o sea_n from_o the_o authority_n grant_v he_o by_o his_o king_n commission_n but_o in_o express_a term_n also_o make_v use_n of_o that_o prohibition_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n which_o be_v in_o force_n according_a to_o the_o three_o article_n of_o the_o say_a league_n thereby_o to_o defend_v himself_o as_o if_o he_o have_v also_o acknowledge_v that_o himself_o can_v not_o have_v lawful_o hold_v that_o office_n of_o admiralty_n in_o this_o sea_n without_o such_o a_o permission_n as_o he_o conceive_v himself_o to_o enjoy_v by_o virtue_n of_o that_o prohibition_n for_o by_o that_o prohibition_n it_o be_v require_v that_o no_o relief_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o the_o french_a king_n enemy_n nor_o any_o aid_n afford_v they_o within_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n that_o be_v per_fw-la my_o son_n poere_o which_o be_v the_o very_a word_n of_o grimbald_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o libel_n itself_o set_v down_o hereafter_o and_o so_o grimbald_n express_o object_v the_o authority_n of_o that_o prohibition_n together_o with_o the_o power_n of_o his_o master_n commission_n in_o defence_n of_o himself_o as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v i_o use_v this_o power_n it_o be_v give_v i_o by_o the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o put_v i_o in_o command_n over_o his_o navy_n and_o affair_n belong_v to_o the_o sea_n but_o beside_o this_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v set_v forth_o his_o prohibition_n command_v that_o no_o kind_n of_o relief_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o any_o enemy_n of_o the_o french_a within_o his_o dominion_n according_a to_o the_o league_n make_v between_o both_o the_o king_n and_o therefore_o see_v i_o have_v not_o take_v either_o the_o person_n or_o good_n of_o any_o but_o such_o as_o be_v enemy_n or_o at_o least_o such_o as_o according_a to_o the_o intervenient_a law_n of_o nation_n be_v to_o be_v reckon_v upon_o a_o hostile_a account_n for_o doubtless_o he_o pretend_v that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v take_v as_o enemy_n of_o what_o nation_n soêver_o they_o be_v who_o relieve_v the_o fleming_n by_o merchandise_n or_o otherwise_o i_o conceiv_v it_o a_o sufficient_a ground_n of_o defence_n in_o my_o behalf_n that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n according_a to_o the_o league_n make_v do_v by_o public_a proclamation_n require_v that_o no_o succour_n or_o relief_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o the_o enemy_n of_o france_n in_o any_o part_n of_o his_o dominion_n upon_o which_o account_n not_o to_o these_o who_o i_o take_v at_o sea_n the_o sum_n of_o all_o in_o brief_a be_v this_o that_o grimbald_n do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o imagine_v that_o his_o office_n of_o admiralty_n or_o power_n give_v he_o by_o commission_n depend_v upon_o any_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n by_o sea_n but_o altogether_o upon_o the_o authority_n of_o his_o king_n commission_n the_o league_n and_o the_o king_n of_o england_n prohibition_n as_o if_o the_o english_a king_n have_v open_o declare_v by_o that_o league_n and_o prohibition_n that_o he_o will_v not_o take_v it_o for_o any_o injury_n to_o himself_o during_o that_o kind_n of_o league_n and_o prohibition_n although_o the_o french_a shall_v fall_v upon_o any_o of_o their_o enemy_n in_o his_o dominion_n or_o though_o they_o which_o be_v all_o one_o here_o shall_v be_v take_v in_o his_o sea_n by_o the_o french_a king_n officer_n certain_o unless_o you_o so_o understand_v grimbald_n i_o do_v not_o see_v wherefore_o he_o shall_v at_o all_o join_v that_o prohibition_n together_o with_o the_o king_n his_o master_n commission_n in_o defence_n of_o himself_o as_o it_o be_v express_v in_o the_o libel_n or_o why_o mention_n be_v make_v there_o of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n throughout_o which_o that_o prohibition_n be_v proclaim_v see_v the_o controversy_n arise_v touch_v thing_n do_v only_o by_o sea_n but_o if_o he_o be_v so_o to_o be_v understand_v certain_o than_o he_o do_v not_o only_o forbear_v to_o oppose_v the_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o sea_n but_o also_o sufficient_o acknowledge_v it_o while_o he_o seem_v to_o affirm_v that_o a_o temporary_a restriction_n only_o be_v add_v thereto_o by_o a_o accession_n of_o the_o league_n and_o the_o prohibition_n so_o that_o we_o have_v a_o tacit_n acknowledgement_n even_o of_o the_o french_a themselves_o at_o that_o time_n in_o this_o their_o admiral_n but_o how_o the_o principal_a point_n of_o the_o league_n ought_v to_o be_v expound_v it_o be_v no_o place_n here_o to_o discourse_n for_o we_o observe_v only_o that_o the_o sea_n dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v acknowledge_v in_o
there_o be_v no_o memorial_n to_o the_o contrary_a have_v be_v in_o peaceable_a possession_n of_o the_o sovereign_a lordship_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n and_o of_o the_o isle_n within_o the_o same_o with_o power_n of_o make_v and_o establish_v law_n statute_n and_o prohibitions_n of_o people_n as_o well_o of_o other_o dominâ—â—ns_n as_o their_o 〈◊〉_d pass_v through_o the_o say_a sea_n and_o the_o saveraign_a guard_n thereof_o and_o also_o 〈…〉_o all_o manner_n of_o cognisance_n in_o cause_n and_o of_o do_v right_o aâ—d_v justice_n to_o high_a and_o low_a according_a to_o the_o say_a law_n statute_n ordinance_n and_o prohibition_n and_o all_o other_o thing_n which_o may_v appertein_a to_o the_o exercise_n of_o sovereign_a jurisdiction_n in_o the_o place_n aforesaid_a and_o whereas_o a._n de_fw-fr b._n depute_a admiral_n of_o the_o say_a sea_n by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o all_o other_o admiral_n appoint_v by_o the_o say_a king_n of_o england_n and_o his_o ancestor_n heretofore_o kings_z of_o england_n of_o aâ—â—â—al_n and_o complaint_n make_v of_o they_o to_o their_o sovereign_n the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o default_n of_o justice_n or_o for_o evil_a judâ—â—â—nâ—_n aâ—d_n especial_o of_o make_v prohibition_n do_v justice_n and_o take_v surety_n of_o the_o peace_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o people_n use_v arm_n in_o the_o say_a sea_n or_o carry_v sâ—â—ps_n otherwise_o furnish_v and_o â—et_a forth_o thâ—â—_n merchantman_n use_v to_o be_v aâ—d_v in_o all_o other_o point_n where_o a_o man_n may_v have_v reasonable_a cause_n to_o suspect_v they_o of_o robbery_n or_o other_o â—…uors_n and_o whereas_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n of_o england_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o say_a admiral_n have_v be_v in_o peaceable_a possession_n of_o take_v cognisance_n and_o judge_v of_o all_o â—_z do_v in_o the_o say_a sea_n between_o all_o manner_n of_o people_n according_a to_o the_o law_n statute_n prohibition_n and_o custom_n and_o whereas_o in_o the_o first_o article_n of_o the_o league_n late_o make_v between_o the_o say_a king_n in_o the_o treaty_n upon_o the_o last_o peace_n at_o paris_n there_o be_v comprise_v the_o word_n here_o follow_v in_o a_o schedule_n annex_v to_o these_o present_n but_o that_o which_o follow_v we_o be_v not_o write_v in_o a_o schedule_n annex_v but_o in_o the_o same_o parchment_n from_o whence_o it_o may_v perhaps_o be_v conjecture_v that_o these_o be_v not_o so_o much_o the_o very_a libel_n themselves_o which_o be_v exhibit_v to_o the_o commissioner_n or_o auditor_n as_o ancient_a copy_n take_v from_o the_o original_a as_o also_o from_o this_o that_o the_o name_n of_o the_o admiral_n be_v set_v down_o a._n de_fw-fr b._n which_o two_o first_o letter_n do_v not_o agree_v with_o the_o name_n of_o any_o one_o that_o we_o can_v find_v in_o record_n to_o have_v be_v admiral_n of_o england_n at_o that_o time_n first_o it_o be_v conclude_v and_o accord_v between_o we_o and_o the_o agent_n and_o procurator_n aforesaid_a in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o say_a king_n that_o the_o say_v king_n shall_v from_o this_o time_n forward_o become_v to_o each_o other_o good_a true_a and_o faithful_a friend_n and_o be_v aid_v to_o one_o another_o against_o all_o man_n save_v the_o church_n of_o rome_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o if_o any_o one_o or_o more_o whosoever_o they_o be_v shall_v intend_v to_o disturb_v hinder_v or_o molest_v the_o say_v king_n in_o the_o franchise_n liberty_n privilege_n right_n and_o custom_n of_o they_o and_o their_o kingdom_n they_o shall_v be_v good_a and_o faithful_a friend_n to_o each_o other_o and_o aid_v against_o all_o man_n live_v and_o ready_a to_o die_v to_o defend_v keep_v and_o maintain_v the_o franchise_n liberty_n privilege_n right_n and_o custom_n aforesaid_a except_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o say_a king_n of_o england_n john_n duke_n of_o brabant_n in_o brabant_n and_o his_o heir_n descend_v from_o he_o and_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o except_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o say_a king_n of_o france_n the_o excellent_a prince_n mounseur_fw-fr albert_n king_n of_o almaign_n and_o his_o heir_n king_n of_o almaign_a and_o mounseur_fw-fr john_n earl_n of_o henault_n in_o henault_n and_o that_o the_o one_o shall_v not_o be_v of_o counsel_n nor_o aid_v where_o the_o other_o may_v lose_v life_n member_n estate_n or_o honour_n mounseur_fw-fr reyner_n grimbald_n master_n of_o the_o navy_n of_o the_o say_a king_n of_o france_n who_o call_v himself_o admiral_n of_o the_o say_a sea_n be_v depute_v by_o his_o aforesaid_a lord_n in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o fleming_n do_v after_o the_o say_a league_n make_v and_o confirm_v against_o the_o tenor_n and_o obligation_n of_o the_o say_a league_n and_o the_o intent_n of_o they_o that_o make_v it_o wrongful_o assume_v and_o exercise_v the_o office_n of_o admiralty_n in_o the_o say_a sea_n of_o england_n above_o the_o space_n of_o a_o year_n by_o commission_n of_o the_o say_a king_n of_o france_n take_v the_o people_n and_o merchant_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o of_o other_o place_n pass_v through_o the_o say_a sea_n with_o their_o good_n and_o commit_v they_o so_o take_v to_o the_o prison_n of_o his_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o deliver_v their_o good_n and_o merchandise_n to_o the_o receiver_n of_o the_o say_a king_n of_o france_n by_o he_o depute_v in_o the_o port_n of_o his_o say_a kingdom_n as_o forfeit_v and_o due_a unto_o he_o to_o remain_v at_o his_o judgement_n and_o award_n and_o the_o take_n and_o detain_v of_o the_o say_a people_n with_o their_o say_a good_n as_o also_o his_o say_a judgement_n &_o award_n for_o the_o forfeiture_n &_o acquest_n of_o they_o he_o have_v justify_v before_o you_o lord_n auditor_n in_o write_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o authority_n of_o his_o say_a commission_n of_o admiralty_n aforesaid_a by_o he_o usurp_v after_o this_o manner_n and_o during_o a_o prohibition_n or_o restraint_n general_o make_v and_o proclaim_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o right_a of_o his_o dominion_n according_a to_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o three_o article_n of_o the_o league_n aforesaid_a which_o contain_n the_o word_n above-written_a require_v that_o he_o may_v thereupon_o be_v acquit_v and_o discharge_v of_o the_o same_o to_o the_o great_a damage_n and_o prejudice_n of_o the_o say_a king_n of_o england_n and_o of_o the_o prelate_n &_o noble_n &_o other_o abovementioned_a wherefore_o the_o say_a procurator_n in_o the_o name_n of_o their_o say_a lord_n do_v pray_v your_o lordship_n auditor_n that_o you_o will_v cause_v due_a and_o speedy_a deliverance_n of_o the_o say_a people_n with_o their_o good_n and_o merchandise_n so_o take_v and_o detain_v to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o admiral_n of_o the_o say_a king_n of_o england_n to_o who_o the_o cognisance_n of_o the_o same_o of_o right_n appertain_v as_o be_v before_o express_v so_o that_o without_o disturbance_n from_o you_o or_o any_o other_o he_o may_v take_v cognisance_n thereof_o and_o do_v what_o belong_v to_o his_o office_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o say_v mounseur_fw-fr reyner_n be_v condemn_v and_o constrain_v to_o make_v satisfaction_n for_o all_o the_o say_a damage_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o he_o shall_v be_v able_a and_o in_o his_o default_n his_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n of_o france_n by_o who_o he_o be_v depute_v to_o the_o say_a office_n and_o that_o after_o satisfaction_n give_v for_o the_o say_a damage_n the_o say_v mounseur_fw-fr reyner_n may_v be_v so_o due_o punish_v for_o the_o violation_n of_o the_o say_a league_n that_o his_o punishment_n may_v be_v a_o example_n to_o other_o in_o time_n to_o come_v so_o far_o the_o libel_n of_o so_o many_o nation_n manifest_o acknowledge_v the_o sovereignty_n and_o dominion_n of_o our_o king_n over_o the_o sea_n and_o thereupon_o demand_v protection_n for_o themselves_o and_o whereas_o no_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o this_o thing_n in_o the_o history_n either_o of_o the_o french_a english_a or_o other_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n since_o the_o proceed_n of_o court_n of_o judicature_n be_v very_o seldom_o set_v down_o in_o historiâ—â—_n but_o we_o understand_v by_o the_o french_a history_n that_o this_o griâ—bald_n be_v gouâ—â—â—or_n of_o the_o french_a navy_n at_o the_o very_a same_o time_n paulus_n aemiliuâ—_n write_v of_o philip_n the_o fair_a say_v 8._o he_o hire_v sixteen_o galley_n from_o genoa_n â—ver_v which_o reyner_n grimbald_n be_v governor_n or_o commander_n he_o sail_v about_o by_o sea_n infest_a the_o sea-coast_n of_o flanders_n regimerus_n reginâ—rus_n or_o reynerus_n grimbaldus_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o man_n and_o among_o the_o genoêse_n there_o be_v a_o eminent_a family_n of_o that_o name_n but_o because_o he_o be_v a_o foreiner_n and_o mercenary_a therefore_o it_o seem_v joannes_n feronius_n leave_v
the_o southern_a and_o eastern_a part_n of_o it_o as_o lord_n thereof_o together_o with_o the_o island_n before_o they_o be_v bring_v under_o the_o roman_a power_n p._n 188_o chap._n iii_o that_o the_o britain_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o northern_a sea_n before_o they_o be_v subdue_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o that_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o land_n make_v one_o entire_a body_n of_o the_o british_a empire_n pag._n 201_o chap._n iv_o that_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o british_a sea_n follow_v the_o conquest_n of_o great_a britain_n itself_o under_o the_o emperor_n claudius_n and_o domitian_n pag._n 205_o chap._n v._o touch_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o british_a sea_n as_o a_o appendant_a of_o the_o island_n from_o the_o time_n of_o domitian_n to_o the_o emperor_n constantius_n chlorus_n or_o diocletian_a pag._n 211_o chap._n vi_o touch_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o southern_a and_o eastern_a sea_n as_o a_o appendant_a of_o the_o british_a empire_n from_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a till_o the_o roman_n quit_v the_o island_n that_o it_o be_v all_o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o count_n of_o the_o saxon_a shore_n throughout_o britain_n also_o concern_v the_o british_a navy_n under_o the_o roman_n pag._n 217_o chap._n vii_o a_o examination_n of_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o learned_a man_n who_o will_v have_v the_o saxon_a shore_n from_o whence_o that_o count_n or_o commander_n of_o the_o sea_n throughout_o britain_n have_v his_o title_n to_o be_v the_o british_a shore_n on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v plain_o prove_v to_o be_v false_o pag._n 231_o chap._n viii_o some_o evidence_n concern_v the_o sovereignty_n and_o inseparable_a dominion_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o britain_n and_o the_o sea_n belong_v thereto_o out_o of_o claudian_n and_o certain_a coin_n of_o the_o emperor_n antoninus_n pius_n pag._n 242_o chap._n ix_o touch_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o british_a sea_n after_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v free_v themselves_o from_o the_o roman_a power_n pag._n 247_o chap._n x._o it_o be_v prove_v both_o from_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o the_o saxon_n reign_n as_o also_o from_o their_o force_n and_o victory_n by_o sea_n that_o the_o english-saxons_a and_o dane_n who_o rule_v the_o south_n part_n of_o britain_n have_v dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n pag._n 251_o chap._n xi_o the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o english-saxons_a and_o dane_n during_o their_o reign_n in_o britain_n observe_v in_o like_a manner_n from_o such_o tribute_n and_o duty_n of_o their_o fiduciarie_n client_n or_o vassal_n as_o concern_v the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o navy_n also_o concern_v the_o tribute_n or_o paiment_n call_v danegeld_v which_o be_v wont_v to_o beelevied_a for_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o sea_n pag._n 259_o chap._n xii_o the_o testimony_n of_o edgar_n and_o canutus_n king_n of_o england_n with_o other_o express_o declare_v the_o dominion_n which_o they_o and_o their_o predecessor_n have_v over_o the_o sea_n together_o with_o a_o observation_n touch_v the_o nation_n which_o in_o that_o age_n be_v seat_v upon_o the_o opposite_a shore_n pag._n 273_o chap._n xiii_o several_a testimony_n concern_v the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n since_o the_o norman_a conquest_n set_v forth_o in_o general_a head_n pag._n 284_o chap._n fourteen_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n since_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_n have_v perpetual_o enjoy_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n flow_v about_o they_o be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n prove_v from_o the_o guard_n or_o government_n thereof_o as_o of_o a_o province_n or_o territorie_n that_o be_v to_o say_v from_o the_o very_a law_n of_o the_o english_a admiralty_n pag._n 287_o chap._n xv._o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o english_a sea_n assert_v from_o those_o tribute_n or_o custom_n that_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v impose_v pay_v and_o demand_v for_o the_o guard_n or_o protection_n thereof_o after_o the_o norman_a conquest_n pag._n 295_o chap._n xvi_o observation_n touch_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o english_a and_o irish_a sea_n from_o the_o tenor_n and_o variety_n of_o those_o letter_n patent_n or_o commission_n royal_a whereby_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v put_v in_o authority_n pag._n 305_o chap._n xvii_o it_o be_v prove_v by_o word_n plain_a enough_o in_o the_o form_n of_o the_o commission_n for_o the_o government_n or_o command_n of_o the_o high_a admiral_n of_o england_n from_o ancient_a to_o the_o present_a time_n that_o the_o sea_n for_o who_o guard_n or_o defence_n he_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o lord_n and_o sovereign_n be_v ever_o bound_v towards_o the_o south_n by_o the_o shore_n of_o aquitain_n normandy_n and_o picardy_n pag._n 312_o chap._n xviii_o touch_v the_o admiral_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n or_o those_o constitute_v upon_o the_o opposite_a shore_n their_o original_a nature_n and_o variety_n that_o the_o sea_n itself_o flow_v between_o britain_n and_o france_n be_v not_o contain_v in_o that_o command_n of_o he_o as_o of_o one_o that_o be_v governor_n of_o a_o territory_n or_o province_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n in_o it_o that_o may_v oppose_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o sea_n pag._n 321._o chap._n xix_o that_o in_o the_o dominion_n of_o those_o island_n lie_v before_o the_o shore_n of_o france_n which_o have_v ever_o be_v enjoy_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o sea_n wherein_o they_o be_v situate_a be_v derive_v from_o their_o predecessor_n pag._n 333_o chap._n xx._n the_o dominion_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o sea_n assert_v on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n from_o that_o leave_v of_o preter-navigation_n or_o passage_n which_o have_v be_v usual_o either_o grant_v by_o they_o to_o foreiner_n or_o desire_v from_o they_o pag._n 344_o chap._n xxi_o that_o licence_n have_v be_v usual_o grant_v to_o foreiner_n by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o fish_n in_o the_o sea_n also_o that_o the_o protection_n give_v to_o fisherman_n by_o they_o as_o in_o their_o own_o territory_n be_v a_o ancient_a and_o manifest_a evidence_n of_o their_o dominion_n by_o sea_n pag._n 355_o chap._n xxii_o the_o dominion_n of_o england_n make_v evident_a from_o the_o law_n and_o limit_n usual_o set_v by_o our_o king_n in_o the_o sea_n to_o such_o foreiner_n as_o be_v at_o enmity_n with_o each_o other_o but_o in_o amity_n with_o the_o english_a and_o concern_v the_o king_n closet_n or_o chamber_n in_o the_o sea_n also_o touch_v that_o singular_a privilege_v of_o perpetual_a truce_n or_o exemption_n from_o hostility_n in_o the_o sea_n about_o those_o isle_n which_o lie_v before_o the_o shore_n of_o normandy_n pag._n 363_o chap._n xxiii_o certain_a public_a record_n wherein_o of_o old_a the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v by_o the_o way_n asscribe_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n both_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o and_o also_o by_o the_o estate_n of_o parliament_n debate_v of_o other_o matter_n and_o that_o in_o express_a word_n and_o with_o very_o great_a deliberation_n as_o a_o know_a and_o most_o undoubted_a right_n pag._n 375_o chap._n xxiv_o of_o divers_a testimony_n in_o our_o own_o law-book_n and_o the_o most_o receive_a custom_n whereby_o the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v either_o assert_v or_o admit_v pag._n 382_o chap._n xxv_o son_n ancient_a testimony_n of_o less_o account_n touch_v the_o sea-dominion_n whereof_o we_o treat_v pag._n 394_o chap._n xxvi_o that_o the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v acknowledge_v by_o foreiner_n who_o it_o most_o concern_v by_o their_o usual_a strike_n of_o sail_n according_a to_o ancient_a custom_n also_o concern_v two_o edict_n or_o ordinance_n that_o be_v set_v forth_o about_o this_o thing_n by_o the_o king_n of_o france_n pag._n 398_o chap._n xxvii_o a_o recognition_n or_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n make_v by_o very_a many_o of_o the_o neighbor-nation_n round_o about_o in_o a_o ancient_a libel_n public_o exhibit_v or_o in_o a_o bill_n of_o complaint_n institute_v by_o they_o together_o with_o the_o english_a against_o reyner_n grimbald_n governor_n of_o the_o french_a navy_n also_o touch_v a_o recognition_n of_o this_o kind_n imply_v in_o his_o defence_n pag._n 403_o chap._n xxviii_o a_o copy_n or_o transcript_n of_o the_o libel_n or_o bill_n of_o complaint_n mention_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n pag._n 415._o chap._n xxix_o a_o recognition_n or_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n make_v by_o the_o fleming_n in_o a_o embassy_n to_o edward_n the_o second_o pag._n 429_o chap._n xxx_o of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n in_o the_o irish_a and_o western_a sea_n consider_v single_o and_o apart_o by_o itself_o pag._n 433
of_o the_o abbey_n of_o abingdon_n say_v of_o the_o same_o year_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o king_n command_v that_o 21000_o shall_v be_v pay_v to_o his_o army_n for_o so_o that_o fleet_n be_v call_v every_o where_n in_o english_a saxon_n which_o ride_v at_o greenwich_n here_o you_o see_v be_v no_o small_a difference_n in_o the_o number_n of_o pound_n but_o howsoever_o if_o it_o be_v to_o be_v conceive_v of_o the_o yearly_a tax_n or_o tribute_n than_o it_o be_v far_o less_o this_o year_n than_o it_o be_v reckon_v by_o those_o monk_n who_o speak_v of_o thirty_o eight_o thousand_o pound_n four_o year_n after_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n canutus_n who_o be_v a_o dane_n a_o far_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n be_v raise_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o this_o fleet._n that_o florentius_n who_o we_o have_v often_o cite_v say_v in_o this_o year_n that_o be_v mxviii_o seventie_o two_o thousand_o pound_n out_o of_o all_o england_n and_o one_o thousand_o and_o fifty_o pound_n out_o of_o london_n be_v pay_v to_o the_o danish_a fleet_n and_o there_o remain_v forty_o ship_n with_o k._n canutus_n but_o the_o rest_n be_v return_v to_o denmark_n of_o which_o year_n hoveden_n speak_v thus_o out_o of_o all_o england_n seventie_o two_o and_o out_o of_o london_n 410_o pound_n be_v pay_v to_o the_o danish_a army_n or_o fleet._n and_o there_o remain_v etc._n etc._n they_o differ_v about_o the_o sum_n not_o the_o thing_n wherein_o they_o agree_v with_o the_o english-saxon_a chronicle_n before_o mention_v yet_o these_o altogether_o speak_v contrary_a to_o that_o account_n of_o the_o certain_a sum_n as_o it_o be_v set_v down_o by_o the_o aforesaid_a monk_n but_o cottonianâ_fw-la matthew_n paris_n and_o matthew_n westminster_n say_v of_o the_o same_o time_n that_o cnute_n send_v home_o the_o danish_a fleet_n and_o stipendarie_n soldier_n except_o forty_o ship_n as_o appear_v by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v already_o have_v pay_v they_o out_o of_o all_o england_n eighty_o two_o thousand_o pound_n in_o silver_n also_o in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o king_n hardeâ—nute_n a_o tax_n be_v levy_v for_o the_o danish_a army_n or_o fleet_n amount_v to_o 21000_o pound_n and_o 89_o pound_n as_o huntingdon_n tell_v we_o we_o all_o which_o particular_n do_v i_o suppose_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o danish_a tribute_n here_o mention_v be_v not_o fix_v to_o any_o certain_a sum_n of_o yearly_a payment_n and_o also_o that_o a_o huge_a sum_n of_o money_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v pay_v yearly_o at_o that_o time_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n for_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o sea_n for_o to_o what_o purpose_n else_o be_v that_o fleet_n always_o keep_v and_o so_o great_a tax_n levy_v every_o year_n for_o the_o maintenance_n thereof_o but_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o the_o name_n of_o danegeld_n grow_v out_o of_o use_n tribute_n or_o tax_n be_v usual_o pay_v still_o notwithstanding_o by_o other_o name_n that_o be_v very_o well_o know_v for_o the_o guard_v of_o the_o sea_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v by_o and_o by_o but_o they_o be_v extreme_o mistake_v even_o they_o who_o agree_v either_o with_o john_n 57_o bramton_n the_o abbot_n of_o jorvaux_n or_o some_o other_o author_n out_o of_o who_o he_o write_v it_o or_o any_o other_o of_o that_o kind_n in_o derive_v the_o original_a of_o that_o yearly_a danegeld_n so_o often_o mention_v every_o where_o from_o the_o former_a kind_n of_o tribute_n which_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o dane_n for_o the_o procure_n of_o a_o peace_n and_o they_o also_o who_o 95._o will_v have_v the_o war_n to_o have_v be_v undertake_v by_o the_o dane_n and_o saxon_n against_o the_o britain_n because_o they_o deny_v they_o a_o freedom_n of_o navigation_n and_o that_o the_o end_n thereof_o be_v that_o this_o tribute_n be_v upon_o that_o account_n impose_v upon_o the_o nation_n when_o it_o be_v subdue_v now_o as_o concern_v the_o duty_n of_o fiduciarie_n client_n or_o vassal_n wont_a to_o be_v pay_v in_o that_o age_n for_o naval_a expedition_n and_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o sea_n we_o have_v set_v they_o down_o among_o those_o particular_n which_o be_v speak_v of_o king_n edgar_n in_o the_o former_a chapter_n the_o petty_a king_n or_o lord_n of_o the_o neighbour_a isle_n be_v bind_v to_o he_o by_o oath_n to_o be_v ready_a at_o his_o command_n to_o serve_v he_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o in_o that_o famous_a breviarie_n or_o register_n of_o england_n call_v scaccarii_fw-la domesday_n contain_v very_o many_o custom_n in_o use_n among_o the_o english-saxons_a beside_o the_o assessment_n of_o the_o province_n and_o write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o william_n the_o first_o we_o read_v thus_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n at_o warwick_n if_o the_o king_n go_v by_o sea_n against_o his_o enemy_n to_o send_v he_o either_o iu_o batsuein_n sea-soldier_n or_o rower_n or_o else_o iv._o pound_n in_o money_n and_o at_o excester_n when_o he_o make_v any_o expedition_n by_o land_n or_o by_o sea_n this_o city_n serve_v after_o the_o rate_n of_o v._o hide_v of_o land_n barnestaple_n lydeford_n and_o totenais_n serve_v as_o far_o as_o that_o city_n that_o be_v these_o three_o town_n pay_v as_o much_o as_o excester_n alone_o moreover_o gloucester_n yield_v xxxvi_o dicre_n of_o iron_n and_o c._n iron_n rod_n fit_v to_o make_v nail_n for_o the_o king_n ship_n leicester_n also_o if_o the_o king_n go_v against_o his_o enemy_n by_o sea_n send_v he_o four_o horse_n from_o that_o town_n to_o london_n to_o carry_v arm_n or_o other_o necessary_n concern_v lewes_n also_o a_o chief_a town_n in_o sussex_n there_o k._n edward_n the_o confessor_n have_v cxxvii_o burgher_n at_o his_o service_n their_o custom_n be_v if_o the_o king_n go_v not_o himself_o in_o person_n but_o send_v other_o to_o guard_v the_o sea_n than_o they_o collect_v xx._n shilling_n of_o every_o man_n of_o what_o country_n soëver_o he_o be_v and_o provide_v man_n who_o be_v to_o look_v to_o the_o arm_n on_o shipboard_n here_o very_o express_a mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o defence_n or_o guardianship_n of_o the_o sea_n itself_o and_o in_o colchester_n a_o eminent_a town_n of_o essex_n we_o find_v it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o that_o age_n to_o pay_v out_o of_o every_o house_n six_o penny_n a_o year_n that_o be_v able_a to_o pay_v it_o for_o maintenance_n of_o the_o king_n soldier_n upon_o a_o expedition_n by_o land_n or_o sea_n etc._n etc._n and_o this_o aught_o to_o be_v the_o rate_n if_o the_o king_n shall_v entertain_v soldier_n or_o make_v any_o expedition_n all_o these_o particular_n be_v in_o that_o register_n and_o other_o there_o be_v in_o it_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n but_o a_o expedition_n by_o sea_n signify_v in_o these_o testimony_n not_o a_o war_n to_o be_v undertake_v for_o subdue_a the_o dominion_n of_o their_o neighbour_n land_n but_o most_o clear_o a_o preparation_n and_o enterprise_n of_o war_n for_o the_o guard_n scour_a and_o keep_v the_o sea_n as_o a_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o britain_n as_o it_o sufficient_o appear_v out_o of_o the_o history_n of_o that_o time_n for_o we_o do_v not_o read_v that_o our_o english-saxons_a or_o dane_n have_v any_o other_o quarrel_n at_o that_o time_n with_o any_o of_o their_o neighbour_n whatsoëver_o unless_o it_o concern_v either_o the_o british_a island_n or_o the_o sea_n belong_v thereunto_o which_o also_o be_v especial_o to_o be_v consider_v the_o testimony_n of_o edgar_n and_o canutus_n king_n of_o england_n with_o other_o express_o declare_v the_o dominion_n which_o they_o and_o their_o predecessor_n have_v over_o the_o sea_n together_o with_o a_o observation_n touch_v the_o nation_n which_o in_o that_o age_n be_v seat_v upon_o the_o opposite_a shore_n chap._n xii_o that_o we_o may_v at_o length_n set_v a_o end_n to_o that_o fourfold_a distribution_n which_o we_o make_v of_o the_o testimony_n of_o that_o age_n let_v we_o in_o the_o last_o place_n add_v the_o express_a determination_n of_o king_n edgar_n and_o canutus_n concern_v their_o own_o dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n as_o for_o edgar_n the_o title_n which_o he_o common_o use_v run_v thus_o 8._o i_o edgar_n sovereign_a lord_n of_o all_o albion_n and_o of_o the_o maritime_a or_o insular_n king_n inhabit_v round_o about_o so_o he_o make_v the_o body_n of_o the_o british_a empire_n to_o comprehend_v all_o the_o maritime_a kingdom_n that_o lay_v about_o that_o be_v to_o say_v all_o that_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o british_a sea_n and_o this_o he_o more_o plain_o declare'_v in_o the_o charter_n or_o deed_n by_o which_o he_o settle_v revenue_n on_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o worcester_n in_o the_o year_n dcccclxiv_n if_o so_o be_v the_o copy_n be_v right_o render_v by_o those_o who_o many_o year_n since_o print_v so_o
much_o of_o it_o as_o concern_v this_o title_n the_o word_n be_v these_o 619._o altitonantis_fw-la dei_fw-la largifluâ_fw-la clementia_fw-la qui_fw-la est_fw-la rex_fw-la regum_fw-la ego_fw-la edgarus_n anglorum_fw-la basileus_n omniúmque_fw-la regum_fw-la insularum_fw-la oceanique_fw-la britanniani_n circumjacentis_fw-la so_o john_n dee_fw-mi a_o man_n very_o well_o see_v in_o most_o part_n of_o learning_n do_v read_v it_o a_o good_a while_n since_o save_v only_o that_o in_o stead_n of_o britannian_a he_o have_v britanniani_n while_o 163._o other_o read_v insularum_fw-la oceani_fw-la quae_fw-la britanniam_fw-la circumjacent_a cunctarúmque_fw-la nationum_fw-la quae_fw-la infra_fw-la eam_fw-la includuntur_fw-la imperator_fw-la &_o dominus_fw-la gratias_fw-la ago_o ipsi_fw-la deo_fw-la omnipotenti_fw-la regimeo_fw-la qui_fw-la meum_fw-la imperium_fw-la sic_fw-la ampliavit_fw-la &_o exaltavit_fw-la super_fw-la regnum_fw-la patrum_fw-la mâ—orum_fw-la qui_fw-la licèt_fw-la monarchiam_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la adepti_fw-la sint_fw-la à _fw-la tempore_fw-la athelstani_fw-la qui_fw-la primus_fw-la regnum_fw-la anglorum_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la nationes_fw-la quae_fw-la britanniam_fw-la incolunt_fw-la sibi_fw-la armis_fw-la subegit_fw-la nullus_fw-la tamen_fw-la illâ—rum_fw-la ultra_fw-la ejus_fw-la fine_n imperium_fw-la suum_fw-la dilatare_fw-la aggressus_fw-la est_fw-la mihi_fw-la autem_fw-la concessit_fw-la propitia_fw-la divinitas_fw-la cum_fw-la anglorum_fw-la imperio_fw-la omne_fw-la regna_fw-la insularum_fw-la oceani_fw-la cum_fw-la suis_fw-la ferocissimis_fw-la regibus_fw-la usque_fw-la norwegiam_fw-la maximámque_fw-la partem_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la cum_fw-la suâ_fw-la nobilissimâ_fw-la civitate_fw-la dublinia_n anglorum_fw-la regno_fw-la subjugare_fw-la quos_fw-la etiam_fw-la omnes_fw-la meis_fw-la imperiis_fw-la colla_fw-la subdere_fw-la dei_fw-la favente_fw-la gratiâ_fw-la coëgi_fw-la by_o the_o abundant_a goodness_n of_o almighty_a god_n who_o be_v the_o king_n of_o king_n i_o edgar_z king_n of_o england_n and_o of_o all_o the_o king_n of_o the_o island_n and_o of_o the_o ocean_n lie_v round_o about_o britain_n and_o of_o all_o the_o nation_n that_o be_v include_v within_o the_o circuit_n thereof_o supreme_a lord_n and_o governor_n do_v render_v thanks_o to_o the_o same_o almighty_a god_n my_o king_n who_o have_v enlarge_v my_o empire_n thus_o and_o exalt_v it_o above_o the_o royal_a estate_n of_o my_o progenitor_n who_o although_o they_o arrive_v to_o the_o monarchy_n of_o all_o england_n ever_o since_o the_o time_n of_o athelstane_n who_o be_v the_o first_o that_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n subdue_v the_o english_a and_o all_o the_o nation_n that_o inhabit_v britain_n yet_o none_o of_o they_o ever_o attempt_v to_o promote_v their_o empire_n beyond_o the_o bound_n thereof_o but_o the_o divine_a goodness_n have_v favour_a i_o so_o far_o as_o beside_o the_o english_a empire_n to_o enable_v i_o to_o subdue_v all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o land_n 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chaucer_n who_o be_v not_o only_o the_o most_o famous_a poêt_fw-fr of_o his_o time_n but_o as_o learning_n go_v in_o those_o day_n a_o very_a well_o accomplish_v scholar_n in_o one_o of_o his_o canterbury_n tale_n bring_v we_o in_o his_o man_n of_o law_n tell_v a_o story_n which_o he_o will_v have_v relate_v to_o the_o time_n of_o alla_n king_n of_o northumberland_n who_o reign_v thirty_o year_n and_o his_o reign_n begin_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n dlix_o in_o this_o tale_n there_o be_v bring_v in_o a_o lady_n call_v constantia_n the_o daughter_n of_o i_o know_v not_o what_o roman_a emperor_n marry_v to_o the_o king_n of_o syria_n drive_v she_o be_v by_o weather_n to_o a_o place_n which_o lie_v under_o the_o command_n of_o a_o fortress_n upon_o the_o shore_n of_o northumberland_n and_o there_o the_o ship_n run_v aground_o she_o be_v a_o christian_a banish_v for_o her_o religion_n and_o there_o take_v prisoner_n by_o the_o commander_n of_o that_o fortress_n in_o this_o 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prince_n and_o not_o to_o that_o of_o the_o english_a king_n as_o king_n of_o england_n that_o be_v every_o jot_n as_o weak_a also_o which_o they_o use_v to_o allege_v about_o the_o norman_a language_n be_v in_o use_n among_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o island_n the_o people_n of_o cornwâ—l_n in_o england_n have_v always_o use_v the_o welsh_a tongue_n at_o least_o with_o a_o little_a alteration_n in_o the_o dialect_n as_o the_o bretaigns_n do_v also_o in_o france_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n use_v the_o irish_a tongue_n yet_o no_o man_n will_v conclude_v thence_o either_o that_o this_o paie_n obedience_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o lord_n or_o king_n of_o ireland_n or_o that_o the_o other_o be_v subject_a to_o their_o prince_n by_o any_o right_n of_o the_o welsh_a principality_n we_o know_v indeed_o that_o
our_o isle_n of_o gernesey_n jersey_n serk_n and_o aureney_n in_o the_o sea_n between_o easter_n and_o michaelmas_n be_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o those_o place_n acknowledge_v to_o belong_v unto_o we_o at_o a_o reasonable_a rate_n to_o be_v pay_v therefore_o and_o that_o the_o say_v fisherman_n be_v bind_v to_o carry_v all_o the_o fish_n by_o they_o take_v between_o the_o time_n aforesaid_a unto_o certain_a place_n in_o those_o isle_n appoint_v that_o the_o officer_n under_o our_o governor_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a isle_n may_v take_v thence_o for_o our_o use_n at_o what_o price_n they_o shall_v think_v fit_a and_o reasonable_a nor_o be_v that_o to_o be_v slight_v which_o we_o find_v in_o the_o chronicle_n of_o the_o abbey_n or_o monastery_n of_o teuxburie_n concern_v henry_n beauchamp_n duke_n of_o warwick_n who_o be_v invest_v by_o henry_n the_o sixth_o with_o the_o title_n and_o dignity_n of_o king_n not_o only_o of_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n but_o also_o of_o gernesey_n and_o jersey_n whereunto_o the_o other_o isle_n in_o this_o tract_n do_v in_o a_o civil_a sens_fw-fr belong_v the_o same_o thing_n be_v record_v of_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n by_o that_o learned_a man_n 430._o william_n camden_n and_o that_o out_o of_o the_o same_o book_n the_o cottonianâ_fw-la book_n itself_o speak_v after_o this_o manner_n but_o the_o noble_a lord_n henry_n duke_n of_o warwick_n and_o first_o earl_n of_o england_n lord_z le_z dispenser_n and_o de_fw-fr abergeveney_n king_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n and_o gardsey_n and_o jardsey_n lord_n also_o of_o the_o castle_n of_o bristol_n with_o the_o appurtenance_n thereunto_o belong_v die_v 3_o idus_fw-la junii_fw-la anno_fw-la dom._n 1446._o in_o the_o twenty_o second_o year_n of_o his_o age_n at_o the_o castle_n of_o hanley_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o choir_n at_o teuxburie_n and_o a_o little_a before_o it_o be_v say_v of_o the_o same_o man_n that_o he_o be_v crown_v king_n of_o wight_n by_o 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the_o mean_a time_n possess_v that_o island_n by_o no_o less_o a_o title_n and_o dignity_n than_o of_o king_n although_o the_o name_n of_o lord_n be_v whole_o use_v there_o at_o that_o time_n 1._o in_o stead_n of_o king_n as_o also_o until_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o so_o it_o be_v conceive_v upon_o good_a ground_n that_o those_o isle_n and_o the_o sea_n lie_v about_o they_o do_v though_o they_o use_v different_a custom_n constitute_v one_o entire_a body_n of_o empire_n with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n whereunto_o also_o that_o special_a privilege_n of_o they_o do_v relate_v whereby_o through_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n they_o enjoie_v the_o benefit_n of_o freedom_n from_o hostility_n by_o sea_n though_o there_o be_v a_o war_n on_o foot_n between_o the_o neighbor-nation_n round_o about_o but_o of_o this_o more_o 22._o hereafter_o and_o in_o their_o court-record_n which_o contain_v the_o act_n or_o decree_n of_o the_o 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condition_n it_o shall_v remain_v entire_o and_o for_o ever_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n so_o without_o doubt_v his_o intent_n be_v that_o both_o the_o seacoast_n and_o this_o isle_n shall_v in_o a_o special_a manner_n be_v possess_v by_o the_o say_a prince_n but_o by_o no_o mean_n be_v disjoin_v from_o the_o english_a empire_n any_o more_o than_o the_o sea_n its_o self_n which_o wash_v their_o shore_n and_o although_o after_o a_o while_n both_o this_o and_o some_o other_o neighbour_a isle_n do_v many_o age_n since_o for_o divers_a reason_n follow_v the_o fate_n of_o those_o french_a shore_n which_o lie_v next_o to_o they_o yet_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n remain_v entire_a as_o it_o do_v before_o to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o it_o sufficient_o appear_v by_o those_o other_o passage_n which_o we_o have_v show_v the_o dominion_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o sea_n assert_v on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n from_o that_o leave_v of_o praeter-navigation_n or_o passage_n which_o have_v be_v usual_o either_o grant_v by_o they_o to_o foreiner_n or_o desire_v from_o they_o chap._n xx._n those_o thing_n which_o we_o have_v hitherto_o allege_v concern_v this_o possession_n and_o dominion_n be_v confirm_v by_o several_a passport_n that_o have_v be_v obtain_v from_o the_o king_n of_o england_n for_o leave_v to_o pass_v through_o this_o sea_n whereof_o we_o have_v clear_a testimony_n in_o record_n that_o be_v to_o say_v grant_v at_o the_o entreaty_n of_o foreiner_n our_o henry_n the_o 5._o four_o grant_v leave_v to_o ferrando_n urtis_n de_fw-fr sarachione_n a_o spaniard_n to_o fail_v free_o from_o the_o port_n of_o london_n through_o our_o kingdom_n dominion_n and_o jurisdiction_n to_o the_o town_n of_o rochel_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o in_o this_o place_n our_o dominion_n and_o jurisdiction_n do_v relate_v to_o the_o sea_n flow_v between_o and_o when_o charles_n the_o sixth_o king_n of_o france_n send_v ambassador_n to_o robert_n the_o three_o king_n of_o scot_n to_o treat_v about_o the_o make_n of_o a_o league_n they_o upon_o request_n make_v to_o the_o same_o henry_n obtain_v passport_n for_o their_o safe_a passage_n par_fw-fr touz_v 14._o noz_fw-fr povoirs_fw-fr destrois_fw-fr &_o signory_n par_fw-fr mer_n &_o par_fw-fr terre_fw-fr that_o be_v through_o all_o place_n under_o our_o power_n territory_n and_o dominion_n as_o well_o by_o sea_n as_o by_o land_n there_o be_v innumerable_a other_o letter_n of_o passport_n call_v safe_a conduct_n in_o the_o record_n especial_o of_o henry_n the_o five_o and_o sixth_o whereby_o safe_a port_n and_o passage_n be_v usual_o grant_v as_o well_o by_o sea_n as_o by_o land_n and_o rivers_n that_o be_v to_o say_v throughout_o the_o whole_a dominion_n of_o he_o that_o make_v the_o grant_n and_o it_o be_v
and_o other_o as_o well_o stranger_n as_o native_n enemy_n as_o well_o as_o friend_n may_v free_o lawful_o and_o without_o peril_n go_v unto_o pass_z to_z and_o fro_o and_o frequent_v the_o say_a isle_n and_o the_o place_n upon_o the_o coast_n thereof_o with_o their_o ship_n merchandise_n and_o good_n as_o well_o for_o shelter_v from_o foul_a weather_n as_o upon_o any_o other_o their_o lawful_a occasion_n and_o there_o to_o use_v free_a commerce_n and_o traffic_n and_o to_o abide_v with_o safety_n and_o security_n and_o to_o come_v away_o thence_o and_o return_v at_o pleasure_n without_o any_o damage_n trouble_n or_o hostility_n whatsoëver_o in_o their_o affair_n merchandise_n good_n or_o body_n and_o that_o not_o only_o near_o the_o island_n and_o place_n aforesaid_a upon_o the_o coast_n and_o their_o precinct_n but_o also_o within_o the_o space_n distant_a from_o they_o as_o far_o as_o a_o man_n may_v ken_v that_o be_v so_o far_a as_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o eye_n can_v attain_v and_o this_o be_v call_v a_o privilege_n which_o you_o see_v extend'_v so_o far_o into_o the_o sea_n itself_o as_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o eye_n can_v pierce_v from_o the_o shore_n and_o if_o so_o be_v this_o privilege_n do_v not_o proceed_v from_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o they_o be_v lord_n both_o of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o isle_n and_o by_o the_o same_o right_n that_o the_o isle_n themselves_o belong_v to_o they_o as_o have_v be_v say_v xix_o before_o it_o can_v in_o reason_n be_v imagine_v from_o whence_o it_o have_v its_o original_n there_o be_v not_o so_o far_o as_o we_o know_v so_o much_o as_o a_o pretence_n of_o a_o grant_v make_v by_o any_o other_o prince_n but_o only_o by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o unless_o themselves_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o whole_a sea_n flow_v about_o by_o what_o title_n and_o authority_n do_v they_o ordain_v such_o a_o truce_n so_o far_o within_o the_o sea_n on_o every_o side_n between_o enemy_n of_o all_o nation_n whatsoëver_o that_o come_v unto_o those_o island_n but_o as_o our_o king_n have_v very_o often_o command_v that_o all_o manner_n of_o person_n shall_v cease_v from_o hostility_n not_o only_o within_o the_o aforesaid_a creek_n but_o also_o throughout_o the_o space_n extend_v thence_o at_o pleasure_n into_o their_o territory_n by_o sea_n so_o in_o like_a manner_n they_o indulge_v the_o like_a kind_n of_o privilege_n for_o ever_o throughout_o these_o coast_n of_o the_o french_a shore_n that_o all_o manner_n of_o person_n though_o enemy_n to_o one_o another_o may_v secure_o sail_v to_o and_o fro_o as_o it_o be_v under_o the_o wing_n of_o a_o arbiter_n or_o moderator_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o also_o free_o use_v the_o sea_n according_a to_o such_o space_n or_o limit_n as_o they_o be_v please_v at_o first_o to_o appoint_v which_o without_o doubt_n be_v a_o clear_a evidence_n of_o dominion_n certain_a public_a record_n wherein_o of_o old_a the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v by_o the_o way_n asscribe_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n both_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o and_o also_o by_o the_o estate_n of_o parliament_n debate_v of_o other_o matter_n and_o that_o in_o express_a word_n and_o with_o very_o great_a deliberation_n as_o a_o know_a and_o most_o undoubted_a right_n chap._n xxiii_o i_o shall_v next_o of_o all_o cite_v several_a public_a record_n which_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n wherein_o the_o dominion_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v by_o the_o way_n express_o assert_v as_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o that_o both_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o as_o also_o by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n as_o they_o be_v debate_v about_o other_o matter_n for_o that_o be_v the_o sixth_o head_n of_o the_o former_a division_n king_n edward_n the_o three_o intitle_n himself_o and_o his_o predecessor_n lord_n of_o the_o whole_a sea_n flow_v round_o about_o in_o the_o several_a commission_n give_v to_o geoffry_n de_fw-fr say_v governor_n or_o commander_n of_o the_o southern_a and_o western_a sea_n and_o john_n de_fw-fr norwich_n of_o the_o northern_a the_o limit_n of_o distinction_n beginning_n as_o it_o be_v usual_a at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o thames_n out_o of_o which_o record_v we_o here_o set_v down_o theform_v which_o be_v especial_o to_o be_v consider_v so_o far_o as_o it_o make_v to_o this_o purpose_n 16._o the_o king_n to_o his_o belove_a and_o trusty_n geoffry_n de_fw-fr say_v admiral_n of_o his_o fleet_n of_o ship_n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n thames_n towards_o the_o western_a part_n greeting_n whereas_o we_o have_v of_o late_o command_v you_o by_o our_o letter_n that_o you_o together_o with_o certain_a ship_n out_o of_o the_o cinque-port_n which_o we_o have_v order_v to_o be_v furnish_v and_o make_v ready_a for_o war_n according_a to_o our_o command_n shall_v set_v forth_o to_o sea_n to_o oppose_v and_o resist_v certain_a galley_n provide_v and_o enforce_v with_o man_n of_o war_n in_o divers_a foreign_a part_n which_o as_o we_o be_v inform_v be_v set_v out_o towards_o the_o part_n of_o our_o dominion_n to_o aggriev_n we_o and_o our_o people_n or_o else_o to_o turn_v their_o course_n towards_o the_o coast_n of_o scotland_n for_o the_o relief_n and_o succour_n of_o our_o enemy_n there_o and_o in_o regard_n it_o have_v be_v relate_v by_o some_o that_o galley_n of_o that_o kind_n to_o the_o number_n of_o xxvi_o be_v new_o come_v to_o the_o coast_n of_o bretaign_n and_o normandy_n and_o do_v still_o abide_v there_o as_o it_o be_v suppose_v to_o do_v what_o mischief_n they_o can_v against_o we_o and_o we_o or_o to_o succour_v our_o say_a enemy_n as_o be_v aforesaid_a we_o call_v to_o mind_n that_o our_o progenitor_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v before_o these_o time_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o english_a sea_n on_o every_o side_n yea_o and_o defender_n thereof_o against_o the_o invasion_n of_o enemy_n and_o see_v it_o will_v very_o much_o grieve_v we_o if_o our_o kingly_a honour_n in_o this_o kind_n of_o defence_n shall_v which_o god_n forbid_v be_v lose_v in_o our_o time_n or_o in_o any_o sort_n diminish_v and_o desire_v with_o god_n help_n to_o prevent_v danger_n of_o this_o nature_n and_o provide_v for_o the_o safeguard_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o our_o subject_n and_o to_o restrain_v the_o malice_n of_o our_o eenemy_n we_o do_v therefore_o strict_o require_v and_o charge_v you_o by_o the_o duty_n and_o allegiance_n wherein_o you_o stand_v bind_v according_a to_o the_o special_a trust_n repose_v in_o you_o that_o immediate_o upon_o sight_n of_o these_o present_n and_o without_o any_o far_a delay_n you_o do_v set_v forth_o to_o sea_n with_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o port_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o other_o ship_n which_o be_v now_o ready_a and_o that_o you_o arrest_v the_o other_o ship_n in_o obedience_n to_o our_o command_n which_o we_o late_o require_v you_o to_o arrest_v but_o so_o that_o they_o may_v be_v ready_a and_o 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the_o king_n they_o both_o bear_v date_n the_o last_o day_n of_o june_n mccciii_o to_o these_o commissioner_n or_o other_o of_o that_o kind_n the_o libel_n be_v joint_o exhibit_v by_o procurator_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o prelate_n and_o peer_n of_o england_n also_o of_o the_o high_a admiral_n of_o england_n yea_o and_o of_o the_o city_n and_o town_n throughout_o england_n and_o last_o of_o the_o whole_a english_a nation_n and_o other_o subject_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o how_o this_o can_v be_v do_v otherwise_o than_o by_o authority_n of_o the_o estate_n in_o parliament_n be_v not_o to_o be_v imagine_v with_o these_o in_o like_a manner_n be_v join_v the_o procurator_n of_o most_o nation_n border_v upon_o the_o sea_n throughout_o europe_n as_o the_o genoëse_n catalonian_o spaniard_n almain_n zelander_n hollander_n friâ—slanders_n dane_n and_o norwegian_n beside_o other_o under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o roman_n german_n empire_n all_o these_o together_o institute_v a_o action_n or_o complaint_n against_o reyner_n grimbald_n who_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o french_a navy_n have_v during_o the_o war_n between_o king_n philip_n of_o france_n and_o guy_n earl_n of_o flanders_n intercept_v and_o spoil_v merchant_n of_o their_o good_n in_o this_o sea_n that_o be_v bind_v for_o flanders_n and_o all_o these_o complainants_n joint_o say_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o his_o predecessor_n have_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n without_o controversy_n enjoy_v the_o sovereignty_n and_o dominion_n of_o the_o english_a sea_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o the_o same_o by_o right_a of_o their_o realm_n of_o england_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o prescribe_v law_n statute_n and_o prohibition_n of_o arm_n and_o of_o ship_n otherwise_o furnish_v than_o with_o such_o necessary_n as_o belong_v to_o merchant_n and_o by_o demand_v surety_n and_o afford_v protection_n in_o all_o place_n where_o need_n shall_v require_v and_o order_v all_o other_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o conservation_n of_o peace_n right_o and_o equity_n between_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n pass_v through_o that_o sea_n as_o well_o stranger_n as_o other_o in_o subjection_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n also_o that_o they_o have_v have_v and_o have_v the_o sovereign_a guard_n thereof_o with_o all_o manner_n of_o conisance_n and_o jurisdiction_n in_o do_v right_o and_o justice_n according_a to_o the_o say_a law_n statute_n ordinance_n and_o prohibition_n and_o in_o all_o other_o matter_n which_o may_v concern_v the_o exercise_n of_o sovereign_a dominion_n in_o the_o say_a place_n to_o wit_n such_o matter_n as_o concern_v the_o office_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n that_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n then_o add_v the_o first_o article_n aforementioned_a of_o the_o league_n make_v but_o a_o little_a before_o whereby_o both_o king_n be_v oblige_v to_o defend_v one_o another_o right_a they_o proceed_v in_o their_o accusation_n against_o grimbald_n say_v that_o he_o be_v only_a master_n of_o the_o navy_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n but_o call_v himself_o admiral_n of_o the_o say_a sea_n and_o pretend'_v that_o he_o be_v authorize_v under_o that_o title_n by_o the_o king_n of_o france_n upon_o occasion_n of_o his_o make_a war_n against_o the_o fleming_n and_o that_o after_o the_o make_n of_o the_o say_a league_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o intent_n and_o meaning_n of_o the_o same_o he_o have_v for_o above_o a_o year_n time_n unjust_o assume_v aâ—d_v usurp_v the_o office_n of_o admiral_n in_o the_o say_a sea_n by_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n his_o commission_n take_v the_o people_n and_o merchant_n of_o england_n and_o other_o nation_n pass_v through_o that_o sea_n imprison_v and_o spoil_v they_o of_o their_o good_n and_o deliver_v they_o up_o to_o the_o king_n officer_n as_o good_n forfeit_v and_o confiscate_v and_o whereas_o he_o have_v in_o a_o very_a insolent_a manner_n justify_v these_o action_n of_o he_o in_o writing_n as_o don_v by_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n his_o master_n commission_n as_o also_o according_a to_o
that_o be_v of_o the_o superiority_n or_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n and_o the_o right_n of_o the_o office_n of_o admiralty_n in_o the_o same_o as_o it_o be_v also_o in_o the_o say_a agreement_n between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o flanders_n also_o in_o one_o of_o the_o libel_n to_o those_o word_n be_v add_v retinendis_fw-la &_o confirmandis_fw-la all_o be_v very_o plain_o write_v in_o the_o usual_a character_n of_o that_o age_n whereunto_o the_o matter_n relate_n and_o there_o can_v be_v no_o scruple_n touch_v the_o reality_n and_o truth_n of_o they_o to_o any_o one_o that_o see_v they_o who_o be_v but_o a_o little_a acquaint_v with_o the_o ancient_a writing_n and_o such_o kind_n of_o record_n i_o give_v you_o the_o whole_a sens_fw-fr yea_o and_o partly_o the_o word_n before_o but_o now_o have_v think_v fit_a to_o set_v down_o a_o entire_a copy_n of_o the_o libel_n as_o it_o be_v write_v at_o that_o time_n in_o the_o french_a or_o norman_a tongue_n which_o run_v after_o this_o manner_n at_fw-fr vous_fw-fr signior_n auditor_n deputez_fw-fr per_fw-la les_fw-fr rois_fw-fr d'_fw-fr engleterre_fw-fr &_o de_fw-fr france_n a_o redresser_n les_fw-fr damage_n faits_fw-fr as_o gentz_n de_fw-mi lour_v roiaulme_n &_o des_fw-fr altre_n terres_fw-la subgitz_fw-fr a_fw-fr leur_fw-fr seignury_n per_fw-la mire_n &_o per_fw-la terre_fw-fr en_fw-fr temps_fw-fr de_fw-fr pees_z &_o trewe_v monstrent_fw-la les_fw-fr procuror_n des_fw-fr praelatz_n et_fw-fr nobles_n &_o deal_v admiral_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mire_n d'_fw-fr engleterre_fw-fr &_o des_fw-fr commonalty_n des_fw-fr city_n &_o des_fw-fr villes_n &_o des_fw-fr marchaunz_n mariner_n messagiers_n &_o peleringe_n &_o de_fw-fr tous_fw-fr autres_fw-fr du_fw-fr dit_fw-fr roiaulme_n d'_fw-fr engleterre_fw-fr &_o des_fw-fr autres_fw-fr terres_fw-la subgit_n a_o in_o segnurie_n du_fw-fr dit_fw-fr roy_fw-fr d'_fw-fr engletterre_fw-fr &_o do_v aillour_n si_fw-fr comme_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr marine_n de_fw-fr genue_fw-fr cateloigne_n espaigne_n alemaigne_n seland_n hoyland_n frise_n denemarch_n &_o norway_n &_o the_o plusour_n autres_fw-fr lieux_fw-fr del_fw-it empire_n que_fw-fr come_v les_fw-fr royes_n de_fw-fr engleterre_fw-fr par_fw-la raison_n du_n dit_fw-fr royalme_n du_n temps_fw-fr de_fw-fr on_o it_o il_fw-fr nigh_o ad_fw-la memoir_v du_n contrary_a eussent_fw-fr este_fw-fr en_fw-fr paisible_a possession_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr sovuereigne_a seignurie_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mier_n de_fw-fr engleierre_fw-fr et_fw-fr des_fw-mi isle_n esteauns_n en_fw-fr ycelle_n par_fw-fr ordinance_n &_o establisement_n des_fw-fr lois_fw-fr estatute_n &_o defence_n do_v arm_n &_o des_fw-fr vesseaux_fw-fr autrement_fw-fr garny_n que_fw-fr vesseaux_fw-fr de_fw-fr merchandise_n et_fw-fr de_fw-fr seurté_fw-fr prendre_fw-fr et_fw-fr savegarde_n donor_n en_fw-fr tous_fw-fr case_z que_fw-fr mesty_a sirrah_n et_fw-fr par_fw-fr ordinance_n de_fw-fr tous_fw-fr autres_fw-fr faits_fw-fr necessary_n a_o la_fw-fr garde_fw-fr des_fw-fr pee_z droiture_fw-fr et_fw-fr equite_v entre_fw-fr toute_fw-fr manere_fw-la des_fw-fr gentz_n taunt_n d'_fw-fr autre_fw-fr seignurie_n come_fw-mi leur_fw-fr propre_fw-fr par_fw-fr illeque'_v passanz_n et_fw-fr par_fw-fr sovereign_a guard_n et_fw-la tote_fw-la manere_fw-la de_fw-fr conisance_n et_fw-fr justice_n haute_fw-fr et_fw-fr base_n sur_fw-fr les_fw-fr dite_fw-fr lois_fw-fr estatut_n ordinance_n et_fw-la defence_n et_fw-fr par_fw-fr toutz_fw-fr aultre_n faitz_fw-fr queux_fw-fr à _fw-fr le_fw-fr government_n de_fw-fr sovereign_a seignurie_n appertenir_fw-fr purront_fw-fr es_fw-mi lieux_fw-fr avant_fw-fr ditz_fw-fr et_fw-fr a._n de_fw-fr b._n admiral_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr dite_fw-fr mire_n deputez_fw-fr per_fw-la le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr de_fw-fr engleterre_fw-fr et_fw-fr touz_v les_fw-fr autres_fw-fr admiral_n per_fw-la meisme_n celui_fw-fr roy_fw-fr d'_fw-fr d'angleterre_fw-fr et_fw-fr ses_fw-fr auncestres_n jadis_fw-la rois_fw-fr d'_fw-fr engleterre_fw-fr eussent_fw-fr este_fw-la in_o paisible_a possession_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr dite_fw-fr soverein_fw-la garde_fw-fr ove_fw-la la_fw-fr conisance_n et_fw-fr justice_n et_fw-fr toutz_fw-fr les_fw-fr aultre_n apertenance_n avantdite_n forspris_fw-la en_fw-fr case_z d'_fw-fr appell_n et_fw-fr de_fw-fr querele_n fait_fw-fr de_fw-fr eux_fw-fr à _fw-fr lour_v sovereign_n roys_n d'_fw-fr engleterre_fw-fr de_fw-fr deffault_n de_fw-fr droit_fw-fr ou_fw-fr de_fw-fr malvais_fw-fr juggement_n et_fw-la especialment_n par_fw-fr empechement_fw-fr metere_fw-la et_fw-la justice_n fair_a seurte_fw-fr prendre_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr pee_z de_fw-fr toute_fw-fr manere_fw-la des_fw-fr gentz_n usaunts_n arm_n en_fw-fr la_fw-fr dite_fw-fr mire_n vo_o menan_n niefs_fw-mi aultrement_fw-fr apparallez_fw-fr ou_fw-fr garniez_fw-fr que_fw-fr n'_fw-fr appartenoit_fw-fr au_fw-fr nief_n marchande_fw-ge et_fw-la en_fw-fr toutz_fw-fr aultre_n point_n en_fw-fr queux_fw-fr home_fw-fr peut_fw-fr aver_v reasonable_a cause_n the_o suspection_n vers_fw-la eau_fw-fr de_fw-fr robbery_n ou_fw-fr des_fw-fr autres_fw-fr mesfaits_n et_fw-la come_v les_fw-fr mistress_n des_fw-fr neif_n du_fw-fr dit_fw-fr royalme_n d'engleterre_fw-fr en_fw-fr absence_n des_fw-fr dit_n admiral_n eussent_fw-fr este_fw-la en_fw-fr paisible_a possession_n de_fw-fr conustre_fw-fr et_fw-fr jugger_n des_fw-fr touz_v faict_n en_fw-fr la_fw-fr dite_fw-fr mire_n entre_fw-fr toute_fw-fr manere_fw-la des_fw-fr gentz_n solonâ—_n les_fw-fr lois_fw-fr estatut_n et_fw-fr les_fw-fr defence_n et_fw-fr custumes_n et_fw-la come_v en_fw-fr le_fw-fr pimier_n article_n de_fw-fr l'_fw-fr alliance_n nadgair_v faite_fw-fr entre_fw-fr les_fw-fr dit_n roys_n en_fw-fr les_fw-fr traitz_fw-fr sur_fw-fr la_fw-fr darrain_a pee_z de_fw-mi paris_n soient_fw-fr comprise_v les_fw-fr paroles_fw-fr que_fw-fr â—ensujent_fw-fr en_fw-fr un_fw-fr cedule_n annexe_v à _fw-fr yâ—este_fw-fr at_o non_fw-la in_o schedulâ_fw-la annexâ_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o eâdem_fw-la membranâ_fw-la descriptum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la sequitur_fw-la unde_fw-la non_fw-la tam_fw-la ipsos_fw-la libellos_fw-la qui_fw-la cognitoribus_fw-la edebantur_fw-la quà m_fw-la sive_fw-la formulas_fw-la eorum_fw-la archetypas_fw-la sive_fw-la exemplaria_fw-la descripta_fw-la haec_fw-la esse_fw-la conjiciendum_fw-la fortè_fw-la est_fw-la utì_n etiam_fw-la ex_fw-la eo_fw-la quòd_fw-la admiralli_n angliae_fw-la nomen_fw-la aliter_fw-la ac_fw-la per_fw-la a._n de_fw-fr b._n non_fw-la inseratur_fw-la quae_fw-la prima_fw-la elementa_fw-la non_fw-la sunt_fw-la nominis_fw-la alicujus_fw-la tunc_fw-la temporis_fw-la angliae_fw-la admiralli_n in_fw-la sacris_fw-la scriniis_fw-la reperti_fw-la primierement_n il_fw-fr est_fw-fr traict_n &_o accord_v entre_fw-fr nous_fw-fr &_o les_fw-fr messenger_n &_o les_fw-fr procurer_n susdit_n en_fw-fr nom_fw-fr des_fw-fr dit_n roys_n que_fw-fr iceux_fw-fr roys_n serront_fw-fr l'un_fw-fr à _fw-fr l'autre_fw-fr desore_n enavant_n bons_fw-fr uraye_v &_o loyaux_fw-fr amiss_o &_o eydans_fw-fr contre_fw-fr tout_fw-fr home_n sauve_fw-fr l'_fw-fr esglise_fw-fr de_fw-fr rome_n en_fw-fr tiele_fw-fr manner_n que_fw-fr si_fw-fr ascun_fw-fr ou_fw-fr plusieurs_fw-fr quicunque_n ils_fw-fr fuissent_fw-la voloient_fw-fr depointy_a empescher_fw-ge ou_fw-fr troubler_n les_fw-fr dit_n roye_v es_a franchise_n es_a liberty_n privilege_n es_fw-mi drois_fw-mi es_fw-mi droiture_n eu_fw-fr es_fw-mi custume_n de_fw-fr eux_fw-fr &_o de_fw-fr leur_fw-fr royalme_n q'ils_fw-fr seront_fw-fr bons_fw-fr &_o loyaux_fw-fr amiss_o &_o aydans_fw-la contre_fw-fr tout_fw-fr home_fw-fr que_fw-fr pvisse_fw-fr viure_fw-fr &_o morir_fw-it à _fw-it defendre_fw-fr gardir_n &_o maintenir_fw-fr les_fw-fr franchise_n les_fw-fr liberty_n les_fw-fr privilege_n les_fw-fr droiture_n et_fw-fr les_fw-fr custume_n desusdite_v except_o pur_fw-mi le_fw-fr dit_fw-fr roy_fw-fr d'_fw-fr angletterre_fw-fr mounseur_fw-fr johan_n duâ—_n de_fw-fr braban_n en_fw-fr brabant_n et_fw-fr ses_fw-fr heir_n dessendan_n de_fw-fr lui_fw-fr et_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr fille_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr d'_fw-fr d'angleterre_fw-fr et_fw-fr except_o pur_fw-mi le_fw-fr dite_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr seigneur_fw-fr â—e_n roy_fw-fr de_fw-fr france_n l'_fw-fr excellent_a prince_n monsiur_fw-fr aubert_n roy_fw-fr d'_fw-fr alemaigne_n et_fw-fr ces_fw-fr heir_n roye_v do_v alemaine_n et_fw-fr mounseur_fw-fr johan_n count_n de_fw-fr henau_n en_fw-fr henau_n et_fw-fr que_fw-fr l'un_fw-fr ne_fw-fr serra_fw-mi en_fw-fr consail_n ne_fw-fr en_fw-fr aid_n ou_fw-fr l'_fw-fr autre_fw-fr perde_o vie_fw-fr member_n estate_n ou_fw-fr honour_n mounseur_fw-fr reyner_n grimbaltz_n maistre_fw-mi de_fw-fr la_fw-fr navy_n du_fw-fr dit_fw-fr roy_fw-fr de_fw-fr france_n in_o english_a it_o run_v thus_o to_o you_o our_o lord_n commissioner_n auditor_n depute_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o france_n to_o redress_v the_o wrong_n do_v to_o the_o people_n of_o their_o kingdom_n and_o of_o other_o territory_n subject_a to_o their_o dominion_n by_o sea_n and_o by_o land_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o truce_n the_o procurator_n of_o the_o prelate_n noble_n and_o of_o the_o admiral_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n and_o of_o the_o commonalty_n of_o city_n and_o town_n and_o of_o the_o merchant_n mariner_n messengers_z inhabitant_n stranger_n and_o all_o other_o belong_v to_o the_o say_a realm_n of_o england_n and_o the_o other_o territory_n subject_a to_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o say_a king_n of_o england_n and_o of_o other_o under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o same_o as_o also_o of_o divers_a other_o nation_n inhabitant_n of_o the_o sea-costs_a of_o genoa_n catalonia_n spain_n almaign_n zealand_n holland_n friesland_n denmark_n and_o norway_n and_o of_o divers_a other_o place_n of_o the_o empire_n do_v declare_v that_o whereas_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o right_a of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n from_z time_z to_o time_n whereof_o
as_o a_o river_n or_o brook_n must_v be_v contain_v under_o the_o same_o jurisdiction_n as_o a_o entire_a body_n with_o the_o land_n therefore_o sometime_o mention_n be_v make_v also_o of_o this_o kind_n of_o sea_n flow_v in_o as_o of_o a_o sea_n reckon_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n &_o current_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o the_o opposite_a shore_n as_o for_o example_n of_o the_o sea_n flanders_n or_o as_o i_o find_v it_o in_o some_o ancient_a 5._o manuscript_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o original_n of_o certain_a letter_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o to_o the_o earl_n of_o carolois_n and_o to_o the_o governor_n of_o ypres_n gaunt_n and_o bruges_n dein_n la_v jurisdiction_n &_o l'estrem_fw-la de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mere_a de_fw-fr flanders_n within_o the_o jurisdiction_n and_o stream_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o flanders_n which_o be_v all_o one_o for_o set_v aside_o the_o sea_n so_o flow_v in_o or_o make_v a_o inlet_n or_o harbour_n before_o the_o opposite_a shore_n all_o that_o which_o remain's_n or_o the_o sea_n flow_v between_o those_o opposite_a country_n and_o england_n be_v ever_o esteem_v to_o be_v of_o the_o english_a dominion_n according_a to_o what_o i_o have_v former_o show_v so_o that_o a_o late_a writer_n doubtless_o be_v in_o a_o dream_n when_o upon_o the_o repair_n of_o the_o dock_n at_o mardike_n he_o write_v praefixâ_fw-la that_o he_o see_v the_o empire_n of_o the_o british_a sea_n restore_v to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o so_o i_o have_v do_v with_o this_o point_n touch_v the_o declaration_n and_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o sea_n dominion_n of_o our_o king_n make_v by_o those_o foreign_a and_o neighbor-nation_n who_o be_v most_o concern_v in_o the_o business_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n in_o the_o irish_a and_o western_a sea_n consider_v single_o and_o apart_o by_o itself_o chap._n xxx_o i_o have_v already_o speak_v in_o general_a of_o the_o english_a or_o british_a sea_n which_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n but_o chief_o as_o it_o lie_v either_o east_n or_o south_n it_o rest_v now_o that_o we_o treat_v of_o the_o western_a as_o also_o the_o scotish_n and_o northern_a and_o in_o a_o word_n of_o the_o whole_a british_a sea_n that_o remain_n it_o be_v evident_a to_o all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o western_a sea_n lie_v before_o england_n be_v understand_v as_o well_o in_o that_o libel_n which_o be_v exhibit_v by_o so_o many_o nation_n to_o the_o commissioner_n depute_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o france_n above_o three_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o year_n ago_o wherein_o we_o so_o often_o read_v le_fw-fr mer_fw-fr d'_fw-fr d'angleterre_fw-fr or_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n as_o in_o the_o king_n be_v commission-before_a mention_v wherein_o our_o king_n be_v expressly-declared_n lord_n of_o the_o english_a sea_n on_o every_o side_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v forbear_v to_o repeat_v what_o be_v 24._o cite_v out_o of_o bracton_n about_o 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that_o libel_n by_o so_o many_o nation_n moreover_o true_o it_o be_v worthy_a observation_n that_o about_o the_o very_a same_o time_n to_o wit_n a_o little_a before_o the_o make_n of_o the_o league_n the_o king_n of_o england_n do_v homage_n to_o the_o french_a king_n for_o the_o duchy_n of_o 40b._o aquitain_n the_o earldom_n of_o pontois_n and_o other_o province_n that_o he_o hold_v in_o france_n that_o he_o be_v also_o whole_o deprive_v of_o they_o some_o time_n before_o by_o decree_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o alii_fw-la paris_n yea_o and_o that_o about_o one_o hundred_o year_n before_o king_n john_n be_v out_v of_o normandy_n and_o yet_o afterward_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n now_o and_o then_o regain_v a_o possession_n of_o it_o and_o that_o before_o the_o time_n of_o the_o league_n and_o of_o the_o publication_n of_o this_o libel_n which_o serve_v all_o to_o this_o end_n that_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o when_o the_o aforesaid_a famous_a controversy_n arise_v about_o 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ship_n which_o guard_v their_o dominion_n by_o sea_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o their_o ancestor_n be_v chief_o signify_v thereby_o the_o king_n very_o free_o permit_v his_o subject_n to_o use_v depredation_n by_o sea_n as_o long_o as_o the_o war_n continue_v for_o florilegus_n himself_o relate_n that_o great_a number_n both_o of_o french_a and_o spaniard_n be_v then_o take_v at_o sea_n by_o the_o english_a yea_o and_o about_o 1297_o that_o time_n thomas_n of_o walsingham_n write_v that_o either_o a_o french_a or_o norman_a navy_n of_o two_o hundred_o sail_n which_o rove_v about_o this_o sea_n to_o rob_v the_o english_a be_v overcome_v by_o a_o fleet_n of_o sixty_o english_a ship_n and_o bring_v into_o england_n there_o be_v also_o another_o ancient_a author_n of_o the_o same_o time_n when_o these_o affair_n be_v act_v who_o say_v ms._n that_o in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n mccxciv_o there_o fall_v out_o a_o quarrel_n between_o the_o seaman_n of_o the_o cinque-port_n of_o 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manner_n whatsoêver_o or_o that_o shall_v use_v the_o sea_n otherwise_o than_o at_o his_o pleasure_n who_o be_v lord_n thereof_o but_o as_o concern_v the_o like_a acknowledgement_n make_v single_o and_o apart_o by_o the_o fleming_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n over_o the_o sea_n i_o shall_v treat_v by_o and_o by_o after_o that_o i_o have_v in_o the_o next_o place_n set_v before_o you_o the_o libel_n itself_o in_o its_o own_o that_o be_v the_o norman_a tongue_n as_o it_o stand_v record_v in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n a_o copy_n or_o transcript_n of_o the_o libel_n or_o bill_n of_o complaint_n mention_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n chap._n xxviii_o in_o the_o archive_v of_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n where_o record_n of_o above_o four_o hundred_o year_n be_v keep_v there_o be_v a_o bundle_n of_o parchment_n which_o contain_v some_o affair_n relate_v to_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o and_o three_o the_o first_o 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