shilling_n be_v the_o price_n of_o six_o cow_n and_o 121._o and_o ll._n burg._n cap._n 121._o four_o penny_n the_o worth_a of_o a_o pair_n of_o shoe_n in_o william_n the_o first_o be_v reign_v i._n william_n i._n money_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v pretty_a plentiful_a since_o the_o nobility_n of_o scotland_n agree_v to_o pay_v a_o b._n a_o h._n both_o lib._n 13._o fol._n 272._o b._n hundred_o thousand_o pound_n sterling_n whereof_o half_a be_v to_o be_v in_o ready_a cash_n to_o our_o henry_n the_o second_o for_o the_o redemption_n of_o that_o prince_n nor_o have_v this_o so_o far_o exhaust_v the_o public_a treasure_n but_o that_o he_o be_v able_a not_o long_o after_o to_o lend_v two_o a._n two_o ibid._n fol._n 277._o a._n thousand_o mark_n to_o richard_n the_o three_o on_o his_o return_n in_o poverty_n and_o thraldom_n from_o the_o holy_a land_n notwithstanding_o his_o great_a glut_v of_o money_n which_o he_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v master_n of_o there_o be_v not_o many_o of_o his_o penny_n to_o be_v meet_v with_o at_o this_o day_n in_o some_o of_o the_o best_a ihoresbi_n best_a penes_fw-la rr._n d._n d._n archiep._n ebor._n &_o d._n r._n ihoresbi_n collection_n of_o our_o english_a coin_n there_o be_v one_o which_o have_v be_v suppose_v to_o belong_v to_o either_o the_o conqueror_n or_o his_o son_n rufus_n that_o bear_v a_o side-face_n and_o a_o sceptre_n and_o whereon_o the_o king_n look_v fine_a and_o young_a than_o on_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n this_o with_o humble_a submission_n i_o shall_v rather_o place_v among_o the_o coin_n of_o scotland_n and_o guess_v to_o belong_v to_o king_n william_n the_o first_o of_o that_o kingdom_n two_o more_o i_o have_v sutherland_n have_v p._n d._n ja._n sutherland_n see_v which_o may_v possible_o belong_v to_o this_o king_n the_o one_o have_v le_fw-fr rey_n willem_n the_o other_o willelmus_fw-la rex_fw-la and_o both_o have_v walter_n for_o the_o coiner_n name_n on_o the_o reverse_n after_o which_o on_o one_o come_v on_o ber._n which_o whether_o it_o be_v for_o berwick_n or_o perth_n sometime_o call_v bertha_n will_v need_v a_o enquiry_n that_o there_o be_v money_n coin_v in_o his_o reign_n be_v pretty_a plain_o assert_v by_o the_o chronicle_n of_o mailros_n 1195._o mailros_n chron._n melross_n ad_fw-la an._n 1195._o willielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la innovavit_fw-la monetam_fw-la svam_fw-la in_o alexander_n the_o 26._o the_o stat._n gild._a cap_n 18.24_o 26._o three_o time_n iii_n alex._n iii_n a_o good_a horse_n for_o the_o war_n be_v value_v at_o twenty_o shilling_n a_o whole_a carcase_n of_o mutton_n the_o high_a rate_n sixteen_o penny_n and_o the_o low_a eight_o penny_n a_o flagon_n of_o beer_n better_a and_o worse_o twopence_n and_o a_o penny_n a_o couple_n of_o these_o penny_n of_o the_o very_a same_o impression_n size_n and_o weight_n i_o have_v in_o my_o small_a collection_n bear_v the_o king_n head_n half-faced_a with_o a_o sceptre_n and_o alexander_n dei_fw-la gra._n on_o the_o reverse_n rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la about_o four_o hexagonal_a mullet_n or_o star_n w._n 21_o gr._n half_a of_o the_o same_o john_n k._n john_n king_n john_n be_v likewise_o half-faced_n with_o a_o crown_n and_o sceptre_n and_o johannis_n dei_fw-la gra._n r._n rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o before_o and_o the_o weight_n the_o same_o his_o halfpenny_n weigh_v 9_o gr._n half_a of_o the_o same_o i._n rob._n i._n money_n of_o some_o sort_n or_o other_o can_v not_o be_v very_o scarce_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o robert_n the_o bruce_n who_o b._n who_o h._n both_o lib._n 14._o fol._n 308._o b._n agree_v to_o pay_v our_o edward_n the_o three_o 30000_o mark_n in_o ready_a money_n and_o 237._o and_o hist_o scot._n lib._n 7._o p._n 237._o lesly_n assure_v we_o the_o mark_n be_v sterling_a his_o penny_n sutherland_n penny_n p._n d._n j._n sutherland_n halfpenny_n and_o farthing_n be_v to_o be_v see_v much_o of_o the_o some_o shape_n with_o those_o of_o his_o predecessor_n robertus_fw-la dei_fw-la gra._n r._n rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la two_o david_n two_o in_o the_o year_n 1366._o the_o latter_a end_n of_o david_n the_o second_v reign_v it_o be_v 46._o be_v vid._n stat._n dau._n 2._o cap_n 38._o &_o 46._o enact_v in_o parliament_n that_o the_o money_n shall_v be_v equal_a in_o goodness_n to_o that_o of_o england_n and_o the_o next_o year_n the_o coinage_n be_v further_o regulate_v a_o pound_n of_o fine_a silver_n make_v 29_o s._n 4_o d._n et_fw-la fiat_fw-la say_v the_o statute_n in_o ipsa_fw-la signum_fw-la notabile_fw-la per_fw-la quod_fw-la possit_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la alia_fw-la prius_fw-la fabricata_fw-la evidenter_fw-la cognosci_fw-la i_o think_v he_o be_v the_o first_o king_n of_o scotlond_n that_o coin_a groat_n they_o give_v he_o crown_v and_o side-faced_a with_o a_o sceptre_n erect_v and_o david_n dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la r._n dns'_v protector_n ms._n &_o liberator_n ms._n on_o a_o outer_a circle_n and_o villa_n edinburgh_n about_o four_o mullet_n in_o a_o inner_a his_o half_a groat_n have_v the_o same_o inscription_n w._n 1½_n dr._n his_o penny_n weigh_v 14_o gr._n and_o have_v only_a villa_n edinburgh_n on_o the_o reverse_n there_o be_v sutherland_n be_v p._n d._n sutherland_n another_o which_o have_v villa_n aberden_n on_o the_o reverse_n and_o those_o of_o edinburgh_n have_v be_v mint_v at_o several_a time_n there_o be_v half_a and_o a_o three_o of_o these_o and_o penny_n of_o both_o kind_n robert_n the_o second_v groat_n be_v much_o of_o the_o same_o shape_n ii_o rob._n ii_o weight_n and_o size_n with_o that_o of_o his_o predecessor_n it_o show_v the_o king_n half-faced_a with_o a_o crown_n and_o sceptre_n erect_v and_o robertus_fw-la dei_fw-la gra·_n rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la r._n dnus_n protector_n ms._n &_o liberator_n ms._n on_o the_o outer_a circle_n and_o villa_n de_fw-fr perth_n about_o four_o small_a star_n on_o the_o inner_a another_o of_o they_o have_v villa_n edinburgh_n and_o a_o three_o dundee_n and_o i_o have_v see_v eundem_fw-la see_v p._n eundem_fw-la half_n of_o all_o these_o the_o first_o open_v face_v groat_n be_v that_o of_o robert_n the_o three_o iii_o rob._n iii_o it_o give_v the_o king_n picture_n crown_v but_o without_o a_o sceptre_n in_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o rose_n as_o we_o have_v on_o most_o of_o our_o old_a english_a groat_n the_o inscription_n be_v robertus_fw-la dei_fw-la gra._n rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la on_o the_o reverse_n be_v three_o globule_n in_o each_o quarter_n of_o the_o cross_n in_o the_o inner_a circle_n villa_n edinburgh_n and_o on_o the_o outer_a dnus_n protector_n ms._n &_o liberator_n ms._n w._n 1½_n dr._n 7_o gr._n mr._n sutherland_n have_v three_o other_o variety_n with_o villa_n de_fw-fr perth_n villa_n de_fw-fr aberd_n .._o and_o villa_n dumbertan_n and_o the_o half_n of_o the_o first_o of_o these_o and_o those_o of_o villa_n edinburgh_n as_o likewise_o penny_n of_o both_o kind_n and_o villa_n de_fw-fr aberde_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o king_n james_n the_o first_o be_v reign_v it_o be_v enact_v that_o 1424._o that_o parl._n 1_o jac._n 1._o cap._n 23._o mar._n 26._o 1424._o our_o lord_n the_o king_n gar_fw-mi mend_v his_o money_n i._n james_n i._n and_o gar_o strike_v it_o in_o like_a wecht_n and_o fineness_n to_o the_o money_n of_o england_n a_o little_a before_o this_o the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v agree_v to_o 346._o to_o h._n both_o lib._n 17._o fol._n 346._o pay_v to_o our_o k._n henry_n the_o six_o the_o sum_n of_o 100000_o mark_n for_o this_o king_n ransom_n whereof_o 50000_o be_v to_o be_v pay_v in_o ready_a money_n these_o though_o of_o such_o a_o standard_n as_o then_o pass_v for_o 261._o for_o vid._n lesl_n hist_o scot._n lib._n 7._o cap._n 261._o sterling_n may_v probable_o be_v find_v to_o carry_v too_o great_a a_o alloy_n when_o they_o come_v to_o be_v tender_v in_o england_n and_o this_o might_n as_o probable_o give_v occasion_n for_o the_o forementioned_a statute_n his_o groat_n be_v full-faced_n with_o crown_n and_o sceptre_n and_o jacobus_n dei_fw-la gracia_n rex_fw-la scot._n r._n in_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o cross_n be_v two_o flower-de-lis's_a and_o twice_o three_o little_a ball_n or_o globuli_fw-la countercharge_v within_o a_o in_a circle_n bear_v villa_n edinburgh_n and_o a_o outer_a with_o dnus_n protector_n ms_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v ebor._n be_v p_o rr_z d_o d_o archiep_n ebor._n another_o which_o i_o take_v to_o belong_v likewise_o to_o this_o king_n and_o to_o be_v of_o somewhat_o more_o age_n than_o the_o former_a whereon_o the_o inscription_n be_v jacobus_n dei_fw-la gra._n rex-scotorum_a and_o its_o reverse_n in_o all_o point_n agree_v with_o that_o of_o robert_n the_o three_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o former_a be_v 1_o dr._n 9_o gr._n and_o of_o this_o 1_o dr._n 4½_n gr._n there_o be_v sutherland_n be_v p_o m_o i_o sutherland_n other_o coin_v at_o perth_n aberdeen_n
rise_v to_o 30_o s._n and_o she_o coin_v plac_o of_o only_a 2_o d._n fine_a at_o 4_o l._n 16_o s._n the_o ounce_n 2._o another_o thing_n whereof_o i_o be_o to_o admonish_v the_o reader_n be_v that_o he_o will_v find_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n in_o the_o follow_a account_n of_o the_o coin_n of_o both_o metal_n compute_v by_o different_a standard_n in_o the_o former_a be_v observe_v that_o of_o the_o goldsmith_n of_o edinburgh_n who_o divide_v their_o ounce_n into_o sixteen_o drop_n and_o their_o drop_n into_o 36_o grain_n 27_o of_o their_o grain_n make_v our_o pennyweight_n in_o weigh_v of_o the_o silver_n coin_n i_o have_v keep_v to_o our_o common_a english_a weight_n by_o ounce_n penny-weight_n and_o grain_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o difference_n be_v because_o all_o the_o golden_a coin_n be_v now_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o my_o worthy_a and_o communicative_a friend_n mr._n james_n southerland_n who_o be_v please_v nice_o to_o examine_v their_o several_a weight_n by_o the_o standard_n of_o his_o own_o country_n most_o of_o the_o silver-piece_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o most_o reverend_a father_n in_o god_n the_o present_a lord_n archbishop_n of_o york_n and_o his_o grace_n among_o the_o many_o generous_a act_n of_o favour_n which_o i_o have_v have_v from_o he_o have_v kind_o oblige_v i_o with_o his_o own_o most_o learned_a and_o curious_a remark_n upon_o '_o they_o these_o two_o thing_n premise_v i_o begin_v the_o scottish_a coin_n in_o gold_n these_o as_o i_o take_v it_o ii_o k._n rob._n ii_o can_v be_v carry_v high_a than_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o royal_a family_n of_o the_o stewart_n the_o elder_a golden_a coin_n of_o scotland_n seem_v to_o be_v no_o old_a than_o the_o reign_n of_o k._n robert_n the_o second_o to_o this_o prince_n i_o suppose_v belong_v the_o three_o follow_v 1._o the_o scotch_a lion_n within_o a_o shield_n crown_v a_o small_a circle_n about_o the_o shield_n and_o robertus_fw-la dei_fw-la gracia_n rex_fw-la scot._n rev._n st._n andrew_n on_o the_o cross_n betwixt_o two_o flower-de-lys's_a with_o dns._n protector_n ms._n &_o libera_n weight_n 1_o dr._n 9_o gr._n 2._o another_o differ_v only_o in_o the_o word_n liberato_n and_o scoto_n and_o the_o weight_n be_v but_o 1_o dr._n 3._o the_o scotch_a lion_n in_o a_o shield_n not_o crown_v robertus_fw-la dei_fw-la g._n rex_fw-la sco._n r._n st._n andrew_n cross_n with_o two_o flower-de-lys_n and_o two_o trefoil_n dns._n protector_n ms._n w._n 20_o gr._n the_o five_o next_o i_o guess_v to_o belong_v to_o robert_n the_o three_o iii_o rob._n iii_o since_o they_o carry_v a_o motto_n on_o the_o reverse_n which_o be_v not_o i_o think_v more_o early_o in_o this_o isle_n k._n henry_n the_o five_o be_v the_o first_o that_o bear_v it_o in_o england_n it_o be_v true_a 54._o true_a traite_n historique_n des_fw-fr monnoye_n de_fw-fr france_n 4to_fw-la amsterd_n 1692._o 54._o le_fw-fr blanc_n give_v this_o motto_n on_o a_o coin_n which_o he_o ascribe_v to_o k._n lewis_n the_o vii_o which_o will_v carry_v the_o antiquity_n of_o a_o inscription_n somewhat_o high_a but_o he_o that_o curious_o examine_v that_o coin_n will_v find_v the_o shield_n of_o the_o royal_a arm_n enclose_v in_o a_o rose_n not_o use_v in_o england_n before_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n and_o if_o the_o fashion_n of_o money_n be_v bring_v from_o france_n hither_o as_o perhaps_o every_o body_n will_v allow_v yet_o i_o think_v all_o agree_v that_o we_o follow_v their_o example_n pretty_a early_a as_o the_o scot_n do_v we_o so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v worth_a the_o consider_v anew_o whether_o this_o coin_n be_v true_o so_o old_a as_o le_fw-fr blanc_n put_v it_o 1._o the_o scotch_a lion_n within_o a_o shield_n crown_v robertus_fw-la dei_fw-la gra._n rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la r._n st._n andrew_n stretch_v upon_o his_o cross_n xpc._n regnat_fw-la xpc._n vincit_fw-la xpc._n imp_n w._n 2_o dr._n 2._o different_n only_o from_o the_o former_a in_o robertus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la sco._n w._n 1_o dr._n 4_o gr._n 3._o the_o shield_n not_o crown_v robertus_fw-la dei_fw-la g._n rex_fw-la scoto_n r._n as_o above_o w._n 1_o dr._n 4._o the_o shield_n as_o before_o robertus_fw-la rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la the_o reverse_n the_o same_o with_o the_o two_o last_o mention_v w._n 34_o gr._n 5._o about_o the_o shield_n not_o crown_v a_o garniture_n somewhat_o represent_v a_o rose_n robertus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la co_fw-la r._n as_o before_o w._n 34_o gr._n a_o 6_o without_o co_fw-la i._n james_n i._n king_n james_n the_o first_o may_v probable_o challenge_v the_o two_o next_o be_v of_o a_o near_a resemblance_n to_o some_o of_o those_o of_o his_o immediate_a predecessor_n 1._o the_o scotch_a lion_n in_o a_o shield_n crown_v betwixt_o two_o flower-de-lys's_a jacobus_n dei_fw-la gra._n rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la r._n st._n andrew_n stretch_v on_o the_o cross_n xpc._n regnat_fw-la etc._n etc._n w._n 1_o dr._n 24_o gr._n 2._o a_o small_a crown_n on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o shield_n jacobus_n d._n gratia_n rex_fw-la scotor_n r._n the_o flower-de-lys's_a not_o crown_v as_o in_o the_o former_a salvum_fw-la fac_fw-la populum_fw-la tuum_fw-la w._n 1_o dr._n 24_o gr._n in_o the_o fourteen_o year_n of_o king_n 1451._o king_n parl._n 8._o ja._n 2._o cap._n 33._o oct._n 25._o 1451._o james_n the_o second_o ii_o james_n ii_o it_o be_v enact_v in_o parliament_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v strike_v a_o new_a penny_n in_o gold_n call_v a_o lion_n with_o the_o print_n of_o the_o lion_n on_o the_o one_fw-mi side_n and_o the_o image_n of_o st._n andrew_n on_o the_o other_o side_n with_o a_o side_n coat_n even_o to_o his_o foot_n hald_v the_o samin_a weight_n of_o the_o half_a english_a noble_a this_o be_v to_o go_v at_o 6_o s._n 8_o d._n and_o its_o half_n at_o 3_o s._n 4_o d._n exact_o at_o the_o same_o rate_n with_o the_o demy_fw-fr and_o half_a demy_fw-fr afterward_o in_o his_o 1455._o his_o parl._n 13._o cap._n 29._o oct._n 19_o 1455._o eighteen_o year_n the_o demy_fw-fr and_o new_a lion_n be_v order_v to_o go_v at_o 10_o s._n of_o one_o sort_n or_o other_o of_o these_o be_v the_o six_o follow_v 1._o the_o scotch_a shield_n crown_v with_o a_o crown_a flower-de-lys_n on_o each_o side_n and_o jacobus_n dei_fw-la gracia_n rex_fw-la sco._n r._n st._n andrew_n as_o above_o salvum_fw-la fac_fw-la pplum_fw-la w._n 27_o gr._n 2._o the_o flower-de-lys's_a on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o shield_n not_o crown_v jacobus_n dei_fw-la gra._n rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la r._n st._n andrew_n on_o the_o cross_n with_o flower_n uncrowned_a salvum_fw-la fac_fw-la pplum_fw-la domine_fw-la w._n 27_o gr._n 3._o st._n andrew_n carry_v his_o cross_n jacobus_n dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la sco._n r._n the_o lion_n in_o a_o shield_n crown_v salvum_fw-la fac_fw-la populum_fw-la tuum_fw-la domine_fw-la w._n 1_o dr._n 20_o gr._n 4._o the_o lion_n within_o a_o shield_n in_o form_n of_o a_o lozenge_n with_o a_o small_a crown_n over_o it_o jacobus_n dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la sc._n r._n a_o small_a st._n andrew_n cross_n betwixt_o two_o small_a flower-de-lys's_a within_o a_o pretty_a hexagonal_a star_n each_o point_n end_v in_o a_o flower-de-lys_n with_o a_o small_a rose_n betwixt_o every_o two_o point_n salvum_fw-la fac_fw-la populum_fw-la tuum_fw-la do._n w._n 1_o dr._n 27_o gr._n 5._o a_o piece_n of_o the_o same_o size_n and_o stamp_n with_o the_o last_o mention_v w._n 1_o dr._n 18_o gr._n 6._o another_o of_o the_o same_o stamp_n but_o somewhat_o small_a size_n w._n 30_o gr._n iii_o james_n iii_o james_n the_o three_o in_o his_o 18._o his_o oct._n 12._o 1467._o cap._n 18._o three_o parliament_n order_v the_o demy_fw-fr and_o lion_n to_o be_v raise_v to_o 12_o s._n but_o in_o the_o 23._o the_o parl._n 4_o cap._n 23._o next_o he_o hold_v which_o happen_v to_o be_v within_o a_o very_a few_o month_n they_o both_o return_v to_o their_o old_a value_n of_o 10_o s._n in_o his_o 67._o his_o nou._n 20._o 1475._o cap._n 67._o eight_o the_o demy_fw-fr be_v set_v at_o 13_o s._n 4_o d._n and_o the_o scots_a crown_n which_o i_o imagine_v be_v only_o another_o name_n for_o the_o lion_n at_o 13._o in_o his_o 93._o his_o feb._n 24._o 1483._o cap._n 93._o thirteen_o a_o fine_a penny_n of_o gold_n be_v order_v to_o be_v strike_v of_o the_o weight_n and_o fineness_n of_o the_o rose-noble_a which_o be_v to_o pass_v at_o the_o value_n of_o 30_o new_a groat_n of_o ten_o in_o the_o ounce_n of_o fine_a silver_n another_o penny_n of_o gold_n of_o the_o same_o inscription_n to_o go_v for_o 20_o groat_n and_o a_o three_o for_o 10._o of_o the_o two_o latter_a kind_n i_o suppose_v be_v these_o two_o 1._o a_o unicorn_n hold_v a_o shield_n with_o the_o scotch_a lion_n a_o small_a st._n andrew_n cross_n under_o the_o unicorn_n foot_n and_o jacobus_n dei_fw-la gra._n
linlithgow_n and_o stirling_n with_o the_o half_n of_o that_o of_o edinburgh_n ii_o james_n ii_o the_o parliament_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o k._n james_n the_o second_o think_v it_o expedient_a 1451._o expedient_a parl_n 8_o ja_n 2_o cap_n 33_o oct_n 25_o 1451._o for_o diverse_a cause_n that_o there_o be_v strike_v new_a money_n conform_v even_o in_o weight_n to_o the_o money_n of_o england_n with_o the_o quilk_n this_o realm_n his_fw-mi part_n of_o common_v and_o that_o there_o be_v strike_v of_o the_o ounce_n of_o burn_a silver_n or_o bulzeon_n of_o that_o fine_n aucht_a groat_n and_o of_o the_o samin_n mater_fw-la and_o weight_n as_o effeiris_n half-groat_n penny_n halfpenny_n and_o farthing_n in_o his_o 1455._o his_o parl_n 13_o ja_n 2_o cap_n 29_o oct_n 19_o 1455._o eighteen_o year_n this_o new_a groat_n be_v order_v to_o go_v for_o twelve_o penny_n and_o the_o sixpenny_n groat_n which_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v of_o a_o scandalous_o base_a alloy_n because_o the_o mint-master_n be_v forbid_v on_o pain_n of_o death_n to_o coin_v any_o more_o of_o they_o be_v ordain_v till_o have_v course_n as_o it_o his_fw-mi what_o value_n that_o be_v its_o very_a name_n sufficient_o show_v and_o i_o take_v this_o to_o be_v the_o same_o piece_n which_o in_o the_o 23._o the_o parl_n 1_n ja_n 3_o cap_n 23._o next_o reign_n be_v call_v the_o sex-penny-groat_n of_o the_o flower_n de_fw-fr luce._n this_o raise_n of_o their_o new_a groat_n which_o be_v of_o the_o very_a same_o weight_n and_o fineness_n with_o the_o english_a groat_n bring_v the_o computation_n of_o the_o sum_n in_o scotland_n to_o triple_a what_o they_o bear_v in_o england_n so_o that_o their_o pound_n be_v no_o more_o than_o our_o noble_a their_o shilling_n than_o our_o groat_n or_o four_o penny_n etc._n etc._n the_o say_a groat_n give_v this_o king_n full-faced_n with_o a_o imperial_a crown_n and_o jacobus_n dei_fw-la gra._n rex_fw-la scot._n r._n dnus_n protector_n etc._n etc._n on_o a_o outer_a circle_n and_o villa_n edinburgh_n about_o two_o crown_n intercharge_v with_o twice_o three_o little_a ball_n and_o a_o small_a annulet_n on_o the_o inner_a w._n 2_o dr._n half_a of_o this_o another_o of_o the_o groat_n have_v villa_n sutherland_n villa_n p._n d._n j._n sutherland_n aberdie_o on_o its_o reverse_n the_o first_o parliament_n of_o k._n james_n the_o three_o ordain_v that_o 9_o that_o oct._n 9_o 1466._o cap._n 9_o iii_o james_n iii_o for_o the_o ease_n and_o sustentation_n of_o the_o king_n liege_n and_o almous_a deed_n to_o be_v do_v to_o poor_a folk_n there_o be_v cvinzy_v reign_n cvinzy_v mr._n sutherland_n have_v sample_n of_o these_o and_o some_o of_o the_o like_a kind_n in_o the_o follow_a reign_n copper_n money_n four_o to_o the_o penny_n havand_a on_o the_o one_fw-mi part_n the_o croce_n of_o s._n andrew_n and_o the_o crown_n on_o the_o other_o part_n with_o subscription_n of_o edinburgh_n on_o the_o one_fw-mi part_n and_o a_o r._n with_o james_n on_o the_o other_o part._n these_o be_v the_o same_o piece_n which_o be_v continue_v by_o his_o successor_n and_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o ja._n vi_o get_v the_o name_n of_o atcheson_n from_o one_o atcheson_n a_o coiner_n and_o author_n of_o the_o book_n of_o metal_n mention_v in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o this_o historical_a library_n some_o of_o which_o be_v of_o common_a currency_n for_o four_o bothwel_n or_o eight_o penny_n scotch_a even_o in_o the_o late_a reign_n of_o k._n charles_n the_o second_o but_o be_v now_o whole_o disuse_v in_o his_o 18._o his_o parl._n 3_o ja._n 3._o oct._n 12._o 1467._o cap._n 18._o three_o parliament_n the_o groat_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v order_v to_o have_v course_n for_o fourteen_o penny_n and_o the_o strike_n of_o the_o black_a penny_n to_o be_v cease_v these_o black_a penny_n be_v a_o different_a sort_n of_o money_n from_o the_o copper-farthing_n abovementioned_a and_o be_v for_o some_o time_n force_v in_o payment_n till_o at_o last_o the_o people_n unanimous_o refuse_v to_o take_v they_o upon_o which_o the_o last_o earl_n of_o douglas_n reflect_v make_v this_o answer_n to_o the_o king_n when_o request_v in_o his_o extreme_a old_a age_n to_o be_v his_o lieutenant-general_n against_o the_o rebel_n 206._o rebel_n d._n hume_n hist_o of_o dugl_n p._n 206._o sir_n you_o have_v keep_v i_o and_o your_o black_a coffer_n in_o sterlin_n too_o long_o neither_o of_o we_o can_v do_v you_o any_o good_a we_o find_v it_o also_o among_o the_o article_n object_v to_o his_o favourite_n by_o the_o earl_n of_o angus_n and_o other_o that_o they_o have_v persuade_v he_o to_o 444._o to_o ibid._n par._n 2._o 226._o vid._n etiam_fw-la lesl_n hist_o scot._n lib._n 8._o p._n 309._o &_o j._n ferrer_n append._n ad_fw-la h._n both_o fol._n 395._o ah_o &_o g._n buchan_n lib._n 12._o p._n m._n 444._o coin_v a_o brass_n coin_n of_o no_o value_n which_o the_o people_n call_v the_o black_a coin_n which_o fact_n of_o all_o other_o be_v most_o odious_a to_o the_o vulgar_a for_o as_o it_o follow_v in_o the_o history_n a_o great_a dearth_n ensue_v upon_o the_o project_n since_o every_o body_n choose_v to_o let_v their_o corn_n rather_o rot_v than_o to_o give_v it_o away_o so_o much_o below_o the_o intrinsic_a value_n in_o the_o very_a next_o parliament_n of_o this_o reign_n call_v within_o a_o 23._o a_o parl._n 4._o ja._n 3._o in_o jan._n 1467._o cap._n 23._o few_o month_n of_o the_o former_a the_o groat_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v reduce_v to_o 12_o d._n and_o the_o lesser_a piece_n to_o proportionable_a value_v in_o this_o king_n be_v 46._o be_v may_v 6._o 1471._o cap._n 46._o six_o parliament_n the_o new_a allay_v groat_n be_v order_v to_o go_v for_o six_o penny_n and_o the_o half-groat_n for_o three_o and_o in_o his_o 64._o his_o nou._n 20._o 1475._o cap._n 64._o eight_o twelve_o groat_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v strike_v out_o of_o a_o ounce_n of_o burn_a silver_n as_o also_o penny_n to_o go_v at_o 3_o d._n and_o half-penny_n of_o the_o same_o fineness_n in_o his_o 93._o his_o feb._n 24._o 1483._o cap._n 93._o thirteen_o a_o new_a penny_n of_o silver_n as_o fine_a as_o the_o old_a english_a groat_n be_v order_v to_o be_v coin_v ten_o whereof_o be_v to_o make_v a_o ounce_n and_o to_o go_v at_o 14_o d._n each_o at_o the_o same_o time_n counterfeit_v placks_n at_o 2_o d._n a_o piece_n be_v call_v in_o his_o groat_n represent_v he_o full-faced_n and_o crown_v without_o a_o sceptre_n with_o this_o inscription_n jacobus_n dei_fw-la gra._n rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la r._n villa_n edinburg_n on_o the_o inner_a circle_n about_o the_o crown_n and_o globuli_fw-la as_o on_o his_o father_n but_o without_o the_o annulet_n and_o dnus_n protector_n etc._n etc._n on_o the_o outer_a w._n 2_o dr._n 8_o g._n the_o like_a be_v sutherland_n be_v p._n m._n j._n sutherland_n coin_v at_o aberdeen_n sterling_n and_o roxburgh_n and_o a_o half-groat_n at_o edinburgh_n some_o of_o his_o groat_n and_o half-groat_n on_o the_o reverse_n have_v a_o mullet_n in_o each_o quarter_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o in_o the_o inner_a circle_n villa_n berwici_fw-la in_o other_o point_v it_o agree_v with_o the_o whole_a groat_n this_o piece_n be_v stamp_v at_o berwick_n must_v assure_o belong_v to_o this_o king_n who_o be_v master_n of_o that_o town_n twentyone_a year_n and_o be_v the_o only_a prince_n of_o his_o name_n and_o nation_n before_o the_o union_n that_o ever_o be_v so_o it_o appear_v that_o in_o king_n james_n the_o four_o time_n iu._n james_n iu._n there_o be_v groat_n of_o somewhat_o different_a stamp_n as_o be_v mint_v by_o several_a coiner_n and_o the_o 2._o the_o parl._n 1_o ja._n 4._o a._n d._n 1488._o cap._n 2._o act_n of_o parliament_n particular_o mention_n those_o whereof_o the_o last_o mention_v be_v half_a strike_v by_o gilbert_n pish_o common_o call_v barwick-groat_n other_o by_o alexander_n levingstoun_n and_o a_o three_o sort_v by_o john_n currour_n these_o be_v all_o of_o equal_a fineness_n be_v make_v equal_o current_a one_o groat_n i_o have_v which_o i_o believe_v to_o be_v of_o this_o king_n be_v own_o coin_v it_o give_v his_o face_n open_a and_o a_o crown_n on_o his_o head_n with_o jacobus_n dei_fw-la gra._n rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la r._n villa_n edinburgh_n about_o two_o hexagonal_a mullet_n and_o twice_o three_o ball_n countercharge_v on_o the_o inner_a circle_n and_o dnn_v protector_n ms._n etc._n etc._n on_o the_o outer_a w._n 1_o ½_n dw._n in_o the_o abovementioned_a ordnance_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n i_o find_v two_o more_o which_o be_v there_o call_v schotsche_n stooter_n and_o which_o one_o will_v imagine_v to_o be_v both_o of_o this_o king_n be_v coin_v the_o one_o of_o these_o differ_v very_o little_a from_o that_o already_o describe_v fave_v that_o in_o the_o outer_a circle_n on_o the_o reverse_n the_o
gr._n and_o 1561._o 9_o half_n of_o the_o same_o 10._o the_o queen_n dress_v in_o her_o hair_n maria_n dei_fw-la gra._n scotorum_fw-la regina_fw-la 1561_o and_o 1562._o r._n arm_n of_o france_n half_o efface_v by_o those_o of_o scotland_n the_o shield_n crown_v and_o support_v by_o two_o m_o m_o crown_v salvum_fw-la fac_fw-la populum_fw-la tuum_fw-la domine_fw-la half_n ibid._n half_n ibid._n of_o both_o these_o 11._o after_o her_o return_n out_o of_o france_n she_o coin_v the_o large_a piece_n of_o a_o ounce_n weight_n on_o the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v the_o shield_n of_o scotland_n crown_v and_o support_v by_o two_o thistle_n maria_n &_o henric_n s._n dei_fw-la gra._n r._n &_o r._n scotorum_fw-la r._n a_o palmtree_n crown_v with_o this_o motto_n on_o a_o schedule_n hang_v in_o it_o that_o gloria_fw-la vires_fw-la and_o subscribe_v 1565_o and_o circumscribe_v exurgat_fw-la deus_fw-la dissipent_fw-la r._n inimici_fw-la ejus_fw-la the_o same_o in_o 1566._o some_o call_v the_o tree_n on_o the_o reverse_n a_o yew-tree_n and_o report_n that_o there_o grow_v a_o famous_a one_o of_o that_o kind_a in_o the_o park_n or_o garden_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o lennox_n which_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o impress_n wherein_o the_o tree_n be_v crown_v denote_v the_o advancement_n of_o the_o lennox-famy_o by_o henry_n lord_n darnley_n marriage_n with_o the_o queen_n and_o the_o lemma_n of_o that_o gloria_fw-la vires_fw-la be_v observe_v to_o comport_v very_o well_o with_o the_o device_n this_o piece_n go_v for_o thirty_o shilling_n there_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n coin_v piece_n of_o two_o three_o of_o a_o ounce_n which_o go_v at_o 20_o s._n with_o some_o small_a of_o 10_o s._n and_o 5_o s._n all_o of_o they_o have_v the_o same_o impression_n 12._o after_o her_o second_o husband_n death_n she_o coin_v other_o new_a piece_n of_o a_o ounce_n weight_n etc._n etc._n which_o agree_v with_o the_o other_o in_o the_o impression_n and_o every_o other_o matter_n save_v that_o henricus_n be_v now_o leave_v out_o of_o the_o style_n and_o the_o date_n 1567._o which_o we_o shall_v find_v to_o be_v same_o with_o the_o first_o coin_v piece_n of_o her_o son_n there_o be_v several_a medal_n in_o silver_n strike_v in_o remembrance_n of_o some_o great_a passage_n of_o this_o queen_n life_n one_o carry_v the_o arm_n of_o france_n and_o scotland_n crown_v with_o maria_n d._n g._n scotor_n regina_fw-la fran._n dot._n r._n a_o hand_n out_o of_o the_o cloud_n prune_v off_o a_o dry_a branch_n and_o virescit_fw-la vulnere_fw-la virtus_fw-la another_o differ_v not_o from_o this_o on_o the_o reverse_n but_o have_v the_o scotch_a shield_n single_a a_o three_o bear_v as_o the_o first_o but_o the_o reverse_n show_v a_o jugg_n of_o water_n pour_v from_o the_o cloud_n upon_o half_a a_o tree_n flourish_v the_o other_o half_o be_v dry_v and_o perish_v with_o mea_fw-la sic_fw-la mihi_fw-la prosunt_fw-la subscribe_v 1579_o a_o four_o of_o the_o same_o year_n carry_v a_o ship_n in_o a_o storm_n on_o a_o rough_a sea_n with_o sail_n rend_v and_o mast_n break_v but_o keep_v steady_a with_o nunquam_fw-la nisi_fw-la rectam_fw-la in_o other_o part_v not_o differ_v from_o the_o former_a a_o sutherland_n a_o cum_fw-la 4._o praemissir_n p._n d._n sutherland_n five_o of_o about_o two_o ounce-weight_n with_o the_o queen_n picture_n to_o the_o waste_n with_o a_o breviary_n in_o her_o hand_n inscribe_v o_o god_n grant_v patience_n in_o that_o i_o suffer_v urang_a the_o reverse_n have_v this_o inscription_n who_o can_v compare_v with_o i_o in_o grief_n i_o die_v and_o there_fw-mi notch_v seile_n relief_n circumscribe_v after_o one_o hand_n with_o a_o heart_n in_o it_o ready_a to_o join_v with_o another_o hourt_z not_o the_o heart_n quhois_n joy_n thou_o be_v in_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o king_n james_n the_o sixth_n reign_n vi_o james_n vi_o a_o complaint_n be_v make_v in_o parliament_n 13._o parliament_n parl._n 1_o ja._n 6._o cap._n 13._o of_o the_o great_a scarcity_n of_o good_a money_n in_o scotland_n the_o good_a silver_n as_o teston_n and_o other_o old_a silver_n be_v utter_o melt_v and_o destroy_v so_o that_o the_o ounce_n of_o silver_n be_v at_o double_a the_o price_n it_o wont_a to_o be_v at_o whereupon_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o king_n with_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o regent_n may_v coin_v gold_n and_o silver_n of_o such_o fineness_n as_o other_o country_n do_v etc._n etc._n according_o among_o his_o coin_n we_o have_v 1._o the_o thirty-shilling-piece_n of_o a_o ounce_n weight_n whereon_o be_v the_o shield_n of_o scotland_n crown_v and_o support_v by_o the_o letter_n i_o and_o r_n crown_v with_o jacobus_n 6._o dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la r._n a_o draw_a sword_n with_o a_o crown_n on_o its_o point_n a_o hand_n point_v to_o three_o xxx_o for_o the_o number_n of_o shilling_n and_o the_o date_n of_o 1567._o set_v below_o and_o circumscribe_v with_o that_o generous_a say_v of_o the_o brave_a trajan_n upon_o the_o delivery_n of_o the_o praetor_n sword_n pro_fw-la i_o si_fw-mi mereor_fw-la in_o i_o this_o be_v on_o all_o hand_n agree_v to_o be_v the_o conceit_n of_o his_o tutor_n g._n buchanan_n the_o like_a piece_n with_o those_o of_o 20_o s._n 10_o s._n and_o 5_o s._n differ_v only_o in_o a_o proportionable_a weight_n and_o size_n and_o their_o proper_a figure_n of_o xx_o x_o and_o five_o be_v coin_v in_o the_o year_n 1568_o 69_o 70_o and_o 71._o 2._o a_o scotch_a shield_n crown_v with_o the_o figure_n 3_o and_o 4_o on_o the_o side_n jacobus_n 6._o dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la r._n four_o capital_a four_o crown_v with_o two_o crown_n and_o two_o thistle_n countercharge_v in_o the_o quarter_n salvum_fw-la fac_fw-la populum_fw-la tuum_fw-la dne_n 1572._o w._n 2_o dr._n 2_o gr._n this_o be_v only_o half_a of_o one_o with_o the_o same_o inscription_n in_o mr._n sutherland_n collection_n only_o his_o have_v the_o figure_n 6_o and_o 8_o which_o show_v it_o to_o have_v be_v coin_v for_o a_o noble_a whereas_o the_o other_o be_v only_o a_o ten-groat-piece_n or_o 3_o s._n 4_o d._n continue_a yearly_o to_o 1577._o 3._o shield_n crown_v and_o jacobus_n 6._o d._n g._n r._n scotorum_fw-la 1591._o 1592._o r._n a_o naked_a sword_n and_o balance_n his_o differt_fw-la rege_fw-la tyrannus_n w._n 2_o dw._n 14_o gr._n half_a of_o the_o same_o 4._o the_o royal_a shield_n of_o scotland_n crown_v with_o the_o usual_a inscription_n of_o jacobus_n 6._o dei_fw-la gra._n 1578_o to_o 1581._o on_o the_o reverse_n the_o thistle_n they_o thistle_n some_o of_o these_o have_v the_o letter_n i_o and_o r_n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o thistle_n but_o the_o most_o want_v '_o they_o with_o nemo_n i_o impune_fw-la lacesset_fw-la w._n 6_o dw._n 19_o gr._n the_o mark-piece_n of_o this_o coin_n which_o be_v coin_v twenty_o year_n after_o this_o and_o be_v long_a current_n in_o england_n at_o the_o rate_n of_o thirteen-pence-half-penny_n want_v a_o three_o of_o this_o weight_n which_o it_o be_v necessary_a they_o shall_v do_v when_o the_o ounce_n of_o silver_n go_v at_o 60_o s._n scotch_a whereas_o now_o it_o be_v only_o value_v at_o 40_o s._n for_o this_o very_a year_n thomas_n acheson_n and_o other_o be_v impower_v to_o coin_v ten-shilling-piece_n four_o in_o the_o ounce_n of_o eleven-penny_n fine_a silver_n from_o this_o mintmaster_n the_o copper-piece_n of_o eight-penny_n or_o four_o both-wel_a value_n pretty_a common_a in_o this_o and_o the_o former_a reign_n have_v the_o name_n of_o acheson_n give_v they_o these_o in_o the_o year_n 1587._o be_v 87._o be_v so_o the_o ms._n calderwood_n in_o the_o library_n at_o glasgow_n vol._n 4._o ad_fw-la an._n 87._o cry_v down_o by_o proclamation_n because_o counterfeit_n in_o england_n and_o other_o foreign_a part_n but_o their_o currency_n be_v afterward_o revive_v and_o continue_v on_o the_o english_a border_n as_o well_o as_o in_o scotland_n even_o within_o my_o own_o memory_n the_o scot_n say_v 283._o say_v itio_fw-la par._n 1._o p._n 283._o fynes_n moryson_n have_v of_o long_a time_n have_v small_a brass_n coin_n which_o they_o say_v of_o late_a his_o book_n be_v print_v in_o 1617._o be_v take_v away_o namely_o babee_n esteem_v by_o they_o of_o old_a for_o sixpence_n whereof_o two_o make_v a_o english_a penny_n also_o placks_n which_o they_o esteem_v for_o fourpence_n but_o three_o of_o they_o make_v a_o english_a penny_n also_o hard-head_n esteem_v by_o they_o at_o one_o penny_n halfpenny_n whereof_o eight_o make_v a_o english_a penny_n 5._o and_o the_o same_o act_n direct_v that_o these_o new_a piece_n be_v such_o as_o be_v 106._o be_v parl._n 7._o ja._n 6._o oct._n 24._o 1581._o cap._n 106._o havand_a on_o the_o one_fw-mi side_n the_o portraiture_n of_o his_o majesty_n body_n arm_v with_o one_fw-mi crown_n upon_o his_o head_n and_o one_fw-mi sword_n in_o his_o hand_n with_o this_o cirucmscription_n jacobus_n vi_o dei._n gratia_n rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la and_o on_o the_o uth_a side_n his_o highness_n arm_n in_o one_fw-mi shield_n with_o a_o crown_n above_o the_o same_o shield_n with_o the_o dait_n of_o the_o zeir_n upon_o one_fw-mi of_o the_o side_n with_o this_o circumscription_n honour_n regis_fw-la judicium_fw-la diligit_fw-la there_o be_v 30_o s._n 20_o s._n and_o 5_o s._n piece_n as_o well_o as_o those_o here_o mention_v of_o 10_o s._n which_o be_v make_v in_o pursuance_n of_o this_o act_n and_o answer_v its_o direction_n as_o to_o their_o proportionable_a weight_n and_o circumscription_n but_o furthermore_o on_o their_o reverse_n they_o have_v the_o letter_n i_o and_o r_n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o shield_n and_o a_o little_a under_o xl_o s._n xxx_o s._n xx_o s._n etc._n etc._n according_a to_o the_o respective_a value_n of_o the_o piece_n 6._o in_o the_o thirty_o first_o year_n of_o this_o reign_n there_o be_v another_o 249._o another_o parl._n 15._o ja._n 6._o dec._n 19_o 1597._o cap._n 249._o act_n pass_v about_o coinage_n wherein_o after_o a_o complaint_n of_o the_o vile_a practice_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n in_o exorbitantly-raising_a the_o value_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n it_o be_v order_v that_o the_o ounce_n of_o silver_n coin_v in_o ten-shilling-piece_n etc._n etc._n according_a to_o the_o last_o recite_v shall_v stand_v at_o 50_o s._n and_o the_o old_a 30_o s._n piece_n that_o be_v the_o ounce-piece_n of_o queen_n mary_n and_o king_n james_n at_o the_o same_o price_n and_o the_o new_a thirty-shillings-piece_n be_v three_o quarter_n of_o a_o ounce_n at_o 37_o s._n 6_o d._n this_o teach_v we_o to_o discover_v the_o true_a value_n of_o a_o piece_n of_o this_o king_n coin_n of_o the_o exact_a weight_n of_o one_o of_o our_o english_a shilling_n bear_v the_o king_n head_n without_o a_o crown_n and_o jacobus_n 6._o d._n gra._n etc._n etc._n r._n a_o thistle_n crown_v with_o nemo_n i_o impune_fw-la lacesset_fw-la 1594._o there_o be_v no_o ebor._n no_o ita_fw-la rr._n d._n d._n archiep._n ebor._n doubt_n but_o this_o piece_n be_v coin_v to_o go_v for_o ten_o shilling_n the_o weight_n of_o it_o exact_o answer_v that_o value_n at_o the_o rate_n of_o 50_o s._n in_o the_o ounce_n nor_o be_v it_o any_o objection_n that_o this_o piece_n be_v coin_v three_o year_n before_o the_o pass_n of_o the_o say_a act_n for_o silver_n be_v raise_v to_o this_o value_n before_o the_o act_n as_o appear_v by_o its_o preface_n and_o it_o be_v its_o design_n to_o hinder_v the_o far_o raise_n of_o it_o by_o fix_v it_o at_o the_o price_n it_o then_o stand_v at_o i_o have_v the_o half_n a_o quarter_n and_o a_o eight_o of_o this_o coin_n 7._o notwithstanding_o the_o provision_n of_o this_o act_n the_o price_n of_o the_o ounce_n of_o silver_n be_v within_o four_o year_n advance_v to_o sixty_o shilling_n for_o the_o mark-piece_n which_o be_v coin_v in_o 1601_o to_o 1604_o be_v proportion_v to_o that_o rate_n they_o have_v on_o one_o side_n the_o shield_n of_o scotland_n crown_v with_o jacobus_n 6._o d._n gra._n scotorum_fw-la and_o on_o the_o reverse_n the_o thistle_n crown_v with_o regem_fw-la jova_fw-la protegit_fw-la w._n 4_o dw._n 9_o gr._n there_o be_v also_o half-merks_a and_o quarter-merks_a of_o the_o same_o coin_n the_o former_a pass_v at_o 6_o s._n 8_o d._n and_o the_o other_o at_o 3_o s._n 4_o d._n nay_o there_o be_v also_o the_o eight_o of_o a_o mark-piece_n which_o be_v the_o least_o piece_n of_o coin_a silver_n which_o i_o think_v be_v ever_o mint_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n it_o weigh_v about_o three-half_a penny_n of_o our_o english_a money_n and_o go_v for_o 20_o d._n scotch_a which_o be_v one_o sixth_n short_a of_o our_o twopence_n and_o these_o mark_n with_o their_o subdivision_n be_v the_o last_o silver-money_n coin_v by_o king_n james_n the_o six_o before_o he_o leave_v edinburgh_n and_o remove_v to_o london_n finis_fw-la