last_o year_n cost_v ten_o penny_n and_o so_o if_o your_o number_n come_v to_o double_a that_o which_o original_o cost_v a_o shilling_n must_v then_o cost_v but_o six_o penny_n the_o like_a rule_n serve_v in_o case_n of_o the_o dimunition_n of_o your_o people_n by_o which_o mean_v your_o money_n shall_v by_o exact_a method_n of_o proportion_n be_v preserve_v in_o a_o due_a and_o perpetual_a balance_n with_o the_o species_n it_o be_v to_o purchase_v and_o the_o price_n of_o labour_n by_o the_o same_o rule_n regulate_v and_o due_o state_v and_o your_o stock_n of_o treasure_n by_o this_o mean_n become_v a_o everlasting_a unexhaustible_a fund_z to_o answer_v all_o the_o use_v of_o the_o government_n and_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o by_o this_o manner_n of_o calculation_n or_o some_o way_n like_o it_o the_o law_n of_o assize_n be_v find_v and_o establish_v whereby_o every_o needful_a thing_n be_v yearly_o rate_v and_o set_v at_o a_o certain_a price_n which_o in_o frugal_a state_n be_v still_o practise_v and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v it_o be_v every_o where_o more_o in_o fashion_n i_o be_o well_o aware_a that_o projector_n money-monger_n bank-broker_n and_o petty_a dealer_n in_o politic_n will_v be_v apt_a to_o take_v this_o argument_n by_o the_o wrong_a handle_n and_o be_v very_o earnest_a and_o in_o pain_n to_o show_v i_o a_o thousand_o error_n in_o my_o hypothesis_n but_o these_o gentleman_n may_v please_v to_o understand_v that_o as_o i_o be_o not_o conscious_a of_o any_o talent_n in_o the_o politic_n so_o neither_o be_v it_o my_o purpose_n to_o wade_v in_o so_o deep_a water_n a_o depth_n i_o know_v so_o much_o above_o my_o head_n let_v it_o suffice_v that_o by_o this_o scheme_n of_o a_o little_a state_n where_o religion_n justice_n innocence_n temperance_n and_o industry_n be_v the_o basis_n the_o building_n may_v stand_v and_o rule_n may_v be_v calculate_v to_o a_o demonstration_n for_o its_o perpetuity_n and_o the_o far_a man_n wander_v by_o ambition_n violence_n luxury_n avarice_n sloth_n and_o the_o like_a irregularity_n from_o the_o innocence_n and_o simplicity_n of_o this_o original_a the_o hard_a it_o be_v to_o conceive_v and_o propound_v remedy_n for_o the_o evil_n such_o error_n produce_v wherefore_o as_o we_o know_v a_o unite_v to_o be_v the_o beginning_n and_o simple_a of_o number_n yet_o find_v too_o that_o it_o be_v the_o basis_n of_o the_o pyramid_n on_o which_o arithmetic_n itself_o stand_v and_o be_v sustain_v so_o upon_o the_o simple_a and_o least_o compound_a government_n the_o unite_v as_o i_o may_v say_v of_o a_o state_n unmixed_a and_o clean_a from_o all_o infection_n of_o the_o corruption_n of_o humane_a frailty_n we_o can_v best_o build_v our_o speculation_n when_o we_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o amuse_v ourselves_o on_o the_o subject_a of_o law_n and_o government_n because_o it_o be_v to_o that_o fountain_n alone_o which_o we_o can_v safe_o resort_v for_o succour_n in_o the_o great_a strait_n of_o our_o meditation_n derive_v so_o much_o light_n from_o the_o reason_n and_o evidence_n contain_v in_o a_o simple_a sound_a regular_a form_n of_o state_n which_o be_v governable_a and_o durable_a to_o a_o demonstration_n i_o say_v we_o may_v be_v best_a aid_v in_o our_o notion_n by_o reference_n to_o this_o original_a when_o our_o thought_n be_v busy_v about_o any_o other_o form_n how_o diversify_v distress_a or_o disease_v soever_o and_o for_o this_o reason_n and_o no_o other_o have_v i_o conceive_v and_o produce_v this_o pattern_n which_o serve_v my_o purpose_n to_o exemplify_v the_o facility_n of_o obtain_v a_o due_a understanding_n of_o my_o subject_n of_o money_n alone_o afford_v no_o just_a latitude_n for_o critic_n to_o busy_v themselves_o about_o any_o collateral_a reflection_n from_o this_o principal_a rule_n then_o be_v teach_v to_o make_v a_o general_a judgement_n of_o money_n its_o nature_n use_v and_o property_n we_o may_v with_o ease_n be_v supply_v with_o reason_n sort_v to_o every_o incidence_n of_o that_o subject_a as_o namely_o to_o mention_v a_o few_o why_o labour_n heretofore_o in_o england_n be_v worth_a but_o a_o penny_n a_o day_n which_o now_o be_v ten_o or_o twenty_o time_n that_o value_n why_o a_o ox_n that_o be_v then_o sell_v for_o a_o noble_a be_v now_o worth_a ten_o or_o fifteen_o pound_n how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o such_o numerous_a army_n be_v heretofore_o pay_v and_o sustain_v when_o money_n be_v so_o hard_o to_o find_v and_o the_o like_a so_o that_o in_o short_a by_o this_o clew_n we_o may_v be_v conduct_v through_o all_o the_o labyrinth_n of_o our_o dark_a and_o intricate_a subject_n and_o from_o the_o right_a knowledge_n of_o the_o cause_n be_v enable_v to_o take_v better_a aim_n in_o our_o deliberation_n about_o the_o effect_n for_o as_o mankind_n grow_v to_o swerve_v from_o those_o first_o few_o rule_n which_o be_v adjust_v to_o the_o simplicity_n of_o original_a government_n the_o love_n of_o ease_n which_o be_v natural_a labour_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o pain_n which_o we_o willing_o shun_v introduce_v violence_n the_o strong_a compel_v the_o weak_a to_o labour_v while_o he_o live_v at_o his_o ease_n sloth_n and_o idleness_n thus_o indulge_v beget_v a_o taste_n of_o pleasure_n pleasure_n fructify_v into_o luxury_n and_o excess_n this_o give_v up_o the_o reins_o to_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o passion_n which_o multiply_v by_o the_o power_n they_o gain_v and_o become_v so_o many_o tyrant_n and_o taskmaster_n which_o at_o this_o day_n rule_n with_o so_o much_o cruelty_n over_o mankind_n and_o be_v the_o source_n of_o all_o those_o vice_n impiety_n and_o misrule_n which_o at_o this_o day_n infect_v the_o world_n and_o how_o various_a and_o diversify_v how_o jar_a and_o discordant_a soever_o they_o may_v be_v among_o themselves_o do_v nevertheless_o all_o combine_v and_o unite_v in_o the_o single_a service_n of_o this_o one_o idol_n money_n who_o mystery_n in_o such_o a_o babel_n of_o worship_n we_o be_v not_o to_o wonder_n shall_v be_v so_o hard_a to_o unfold_v by_o these_o encroachment_n then_o upon_o the_o liberty_n of_o right_a reason_n through_o the_o growth_n and_o corruption_n of_o our_o appetite_n which_o beget_v so_o many_o deviation_n from_o the_o first_o standard_n simple_a maxim_n of_o government_n here_o by_o i_o for_o illustration_n sake_n propound_v we_o may_v by_o analogy_n and_o comparison_n be_v furnish_v with_o help_n in_o our_o judgement_n on_o every_o doubt_n about_o this_o entangle_a subject_n as_o the_o jew_n heretofore_o have_v recourse_n to_o the_o sanctuary_n where_o all_o their_o original_a standard_n of_o coin_n weight_n and_o measure_n be_v lodge_v and_o from_o that_o reason_n i_o suppose_v they_o be_v call_v the_o shekel_n the_o balance_n and_o the_o cubit_n of_o the_o sanctuary_n pursuant_n then_o to_o our_o method_n let_v we_o inquire_v what_o can_v be_v think_v to_o disturb_v the_o tranquillity_n of_o our_o little_a commonwealth_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o nothing_o human_o speak_v but_o a_o depart_n from_o or_o a_o relaxation_n of_o that_o strictness_n of_o order_n and_o discipline_n on_o which_o their_o prosperity_n be_v found_v and_o this_o may_v spring_v from_o infinite_a cause_n but_o i_o will_v instance_n only_o one_o or_o two_o and_o first_o by_o ambition_n from_o without_o or_o within_o by_o invade_v of_o their_o neighbour_n or_o by_o their_o invade_v they_o this_o arise_v from_o injustice_n which_o infer_v hostility_n and_o hostility_n introduce_v violence_n of_o every_o kind_n whereby_o the_o balance_n become_v break_v and_o the_o harmony_n of_o our_o little_a state_n threaten_v with_o dissolution_n but_o to_o go_v no_o further_o than_o one_o single_a abstract_a instance_n of_o this_o vice_n of_o ambition_n let_v we_o suppose_v a_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o number_n which_o compose_v our_o colony_n to_o be_v destine_v to_o the_o war_n be_v it_o not_o evident_a that_o if_o one_o man_n out_o of_o ten_o shall_v be_v take_v from_o the_o plough_n or_o any_o other_o civil_a occupation_n and_o divert_v to_o other_o use_v foreign_a to_o the_o original_a establishment_n who_o shall_v be_v thereby_o exempt_v from_o the_o labour_n and_o duty_n incident_a to_o his_o membership_n of_o a_o peaceable_a state_n that_o the_o remain_v nine_o must_n by_o their_o labour_n produce_v the_o subsistance_n of_o ten_o this_o i_o think_v be_v plain_a and_o from_o hence_o as_o the_o disproportion_n increase_v scarcity_n poverty_n and_o necessity_n be_v introduce_v for_o the_o labour_n of_o the_o industrious_a become_v at_o length_n too_o little_a to_o sustain_v and_o provide_v for_o those_o who_o live_v excuse_v from_o labour_n and_o who_o must_v subsist_v whether_o they_o contribute_v towards_o their_o subsistence_n or_o no_o whereupon_o despair_n desertion_n depopulation_n and_o every_o evil_a incident_a to_o war_n ensue_v hence_o then_o i_o say_v do_v ambition_n which_o be_v a_o dropsy_n of_o
perhaps_o suggest_v to_o thirty_o two_o from_o thirty_o two_o to_o forty_o penny_n from_o forty_o to_o forty_o five_o and_o thence_o to_o sixty_o penny_n the_o ounce_n and_o this_o last_o happen_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n from_o which_o time_n to_o this_o day_n there_o have_v not_o be_v i_o take_v for_o grant_v the_o least_o reformation_n make_v in_o the_o mint_n by_o any_o solemn_a public_a act_n of_o state_n q._n i_o desire_v to_o be_v inform_v what_o the_o motive_n may_v be_v for_o so_o many_o alteration_n as_o you_o have_v enumerate_v for_o methinks_v wise_a man_n shall_v not_o alter_v and_o determine_v in_o a_o case_n of_o this_o magnitude_n without_o some_o very_a well-grounded_n reason_n ans_fw-fr i_o confess_v i_o be_o to_o seek_v for_o a_o solid_a reason_n for_o their_o so_o do_v unless_o it_o be_v to_o propagate_v the_o species_n and_o so_o spread_v it_o wide_o among_o the_o people_n by_o mince_v it_o into_o so_o many_o lesser_a part_n to_o the_o end_n every_o body_n how_o poor_a soever_o may_v share_v in_o the_o pleasure_n of_o possess_v it_o go_v to_o market_n with_o more_o ease_n and_o manage_v their_o common_a traffic_n with_o less_o difficulty_n for_o when_o a_o pullet_n be_v sell_v for_o a_o penny_n what_o species_n of_o current_a coin_n can_v be_v find_v to_o buy_v a_o thing_n that_o be_v not_o worth_a the_o twenty_o part_n of_o a_o pullet_n i_o can_v guess_v for_o it_o be_v plain_a we_o go_v to_o the_o shop_n and_o the_o market_n at_o this_o day_n to_o purchase_v sundry_a thing_n for_o our_o money_n that_o be_v not_o the_o twenty_o or_o the_o forty_o part_n of_o the_o value_n of_o a_o pullet_n and_o we_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o conclude_v but_o our_o forefather_n do_v the_o same_o wherefore_o i_o must_v give_v you_o this_o for_o my_o best_a reason_n till_o i_o can_v be_v furnish_v with_o a_o better_a q._n will_v there_o be_v any_o good_a or_o harm_n in_o change_v on_o by_o enact_v for_o example_n that_o the_o ounce_n of_o standard_n silver_n that_o now_o be_v establish_v at_o sixty_o penny_n shall_v be_v rate_v at_o seventy_o or_o eighty_o penny_n and_o so_o forward_o as_o reason_n may_v seem_v to_o suggest_v ans_fw-fr if_o you_o only_o mean_v bare_o the_o subdivide_v your_o ounce_n of_o silver_n into_o lesser_a particle_n and_o do_v not_o intend_v by_o this_o question_n to_o put_v a_o value_n of_o your_o own_o make_n upon_o the_o ounce_n of_o your_o standard_n silver_n for_o that_o will_v be_v the_o subject_a of_o another_o great_a question_n than_o i_o think_v it_o will_v only_o beget_v a_o good_a deal_n of_o trouble_n and_o intricacy_n in_o business_n and_o account_n now_o that_o the_o nation_n be_v grow_v so_o deep_o engage_v in_o foreign_a trade_n and_o commerce_n other_o good_a or_o harm_n i_o see_v none_o in_o it_o for_o our_o coin_n be_v now_o cast_v and_o establish_v into_o so_o low_a a_o denomination_n that_o the_o poor_a people_n have_v none_o of_o those_o impediment_n in_o their_o deal_n which_o heretofore_o may_v be_v think_v to_o vex_v and_o encumber_v they_o when_o their_o penny_n be_v the_o twenty_o part_n of_o a_o ounce_n which_o be_v now_o grow_v to_o be_v the_o sixti_v and_o when_o that_o be_v the_o low_a current_n silver_n coin_n save_v only_o that_o in_o those_o day_n people_n for_o their_o convenience_n divide_v that_o penny_n either_o by_o break_v it_o or_o by_o scissors_o divide_v it_o into_o four_o part_n which_o species_n of_o money_n though_o now_o almost_o quite_o wear_v out_o and_o extinct_a have_v yet_o within_o our_o memory_n be_v pretty_a plenty_n and_o that_o be_v our_o old_a thin_a blind_a groat_n which_o i_o believe_v and_o think_v i_o have_v some_o reason_n so_o to_o do_v be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n those_o original_a penny_n or_o denarius_n that_o be_v coin_v while_o the_o penny_n continue_v to_o be_v the_o twenty_o part_n of_o a_o ounce_n and_o obtain_v to_o be_v call_v groat_n perhaps_o from_o the_o old_a saxon_a or_o danish_a word_n grott_n which_o be_v great_a that_o be_v the_o great_a penny_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o the_o latter_a penny_n which_o be_v so_o much_o less_o q._n how_o long_o think_v you_o silver-money_n which_o be_v in_o continual_a use_n and_o circulation_n may_v last_v for_o it_o be_v plain_a it_o wear_v and_o grow_v light_a by_o motion_n and_o usage_n and_o at_o length_n without_o clip_v or_o diminish_v by_o art_n will_v wear_v out_o of_o itself_o and_o become_v too_o light_a to_o pass_v ans_fw-fr my_o answer_n to_o the_o forego_n question_n may_v be_v a_o sort_n of_o solution_n to_o this_o namely_o that_o if_o those_o groat_n be_v the_o old_a penny_n it_o be_v near_o four_o hundred_o year_n ago_o since_o that_o species_n be_v last_o coin_v but_o this_o depend_v much_o upon_o the_o size_n of_o your_o coin_n and_o the_o quantity_n of_o current_a money_n in_o stock_n and_o use_v and_o other_o circumstance_n of_o no_o great_a moment_n to_o mention_v here_o q._n i_o think_v however_o one_o good_a use_n may_v be_v make_v of_o this_o observation_n and_o that_o be_v to_o calculate_v from_o thence_o a_o little_a more_o or_o less_o by_o what_o proportion_n current_a money_n may_v waste_v and_o at_o length_n be_v wear_v out_o for_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o by_o the_o bare_a usage_n tell_v and_o motion_n in_o its_o circulation_n it_o will_v diminish_v and_o at_o a_o long_o run_v be_v consume_v whence_o we_o gather_v that_o if_o there_o be_v no_o other_o way_n to_o destroy_v it_o there_o must_v be_v a_o supply_n from_o abroad_o to_o obviate_v that_o evil_a how_o little_a soever_o it_o may_v seem_v wherefore_o i_o pray_v give_v i_o your_o opinion_n therein_o ans_fw-fr if_o that_o be_v the_o use_n you_o will_v make_v of_o this_o query_n and_o you_o but_o grant_v i_o leave_v to_o state_n the_o question_n on_o the_o proportion_n of_o our_o money_n wear_v out_o in_o the_o space_n of_o four_o hundred_o year_n than_o it_o be_v visible_a that_o your_o stock_n of_o money_n without_o a_o proportionable_a recruit_v will_n without_o any_o other_o cause_n be_v total_o extinct_a within_o that_o space_n of_o time_n and_o so_o by_o calculation_n it_o will_v be_v find_v to_o waste_v after_o the_o rate_n of_o a_o quarter_n per_fw-la cent._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la that_o be_v five_o shilling_n in_o the_o hundred_o pound_n but_o than_o you_o must_v suppose_v it_o to_o be_v all_o small_a money_n as_o there_o be_v reason_n to_o believe_v it_o be_v in_o those_o day_n for_o i_o do_v not_o know_v whether_o crown_n half-crown_n shilling_n and_o six-pence_n be_v above_o two_o hundred_o year_n old_a if_o so_o much_o by_o which_o proportion_n at_o least_o it_o be_v find_v i_o say_v that_o your_o money_n must_v be_v repair_v to_o keep_v the_o balance_n even_o and_o by_o this_o reckon_n too_o we_o may_v gather_v that_o our_o money_n natural_o and_o necessary_o waste_v one_o eight_o part_n as_o much_o as_o some_o nation_n take_v for_o the_o interest_n of_o their_o money_n q._n have_v there_o not_o be_v other_o kind_n of_o regulation_n and_o change_v make_v in_o our_o mint_n beside_o those_o you_o have_v mention_v ans_fw-fr yes_o several_a but_o let_v it_o suffice_v to_o mention_v only_o one_o in_o king_n henry_n the_o eighth_n time_n which_o prince_n by_o his_o profusion_n in_o pompous_a live_n spectacle_n and_o vain_a war_n be_v drive_v to_o great_a strait_n for_o want_n of_o money_n which_o the_o nation_n can_v by_o no_o mean_n supply_v that_o prince_n be_v make_v to_o believe_v that_o he_o may_v be_v a_o very_a great_a gainer_n by_o embase_v his_o coin_n namely_o for_o example-sake_n for_o i_o be_o not_o sure_a of_o the_o proportion_n by_o the_o allow_v but_o nine_o penny_n worth_a of_o fine_a silver_n to_o the_o shilling_n and_o supply_v the_o rest_n with_o alloy_n and_o then_o tell_v the_o people_n by_o his_o proclamation_n that_o the_o new_a shilling_n which_o be_v intrinsical_o worth_a but_o nine_o penny_n shall_v pass_v for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o other_o shilling_n which_o be_v worth_a twelve_o penny_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o will_v save_v or_o gain_v five_o and_o twenty_o per_fw-la cent_z in_o the_o payment_n of_o his_o debt_n and_o in_o the_o pay_n of_o his_o army_n and_o the_o like_o his_o fleet_n etc._n etc._n q._n what_o objection_n do_v there_o lie_v against_o such_o a_o project_n when_o the_o strait_n of_o a_o prince_n or_o state_n be_v press_v ans_fw-fr there_o be_v manifold_a objection_n so_o manifest_a so_o just_a and_o of_o so_o great_a moment_n that_o it_o will_v be_v tedious_a to_o enumerate_v they_o which_o that_o prince_n soon_o see_v and_o endeavour_v to_o reform_v his_o error_n first_o a_o prince_n or_o state_n that_o yield_v to_o such_o council_n be_v a_o bankrupt_a and_o like_o
a_o break_a citizen_n compound_v for_o his_o debt_n at_o five_o shilling_n in_o the_o pound_n loss_n to_o his_o creditor_n and_o by_o he_o or_o their_o proclamation_n publish_v that_o all_o creditor_n whatsoever_o shall_v lose_v one_o four_o part_n of_o what_o be_v just_o owe_v they_o all_o landlord_n one_o four_o part_n of_o their_o arrear_n of_o rent_n and_o all_o lease_n for_o year_n to_o come_v to_o name_n no_o more_o shall_v lose_v one_o four_o part_n of_o their_o value_n which_o as_o it_o will_v be_v very_o unrighteous_a and_o a_o most_o grievous_a injustice_n so_o the_o cure_n which_o such_o a_o practice_n may_v be_v think_v to_o give_v to_o the_o disease_n will_v become_v a_o much_o great_a malady_n and_o prove_v no_o other_o than_o a_o senseless_a chimaera_n and_o crude_a notion_n in_o the_o addle_n head_n of_o the_o projector_n q._n but_o will_v not_o the_o public_a stock_n of_o money_n by_o such_o a_o act_n of_o state_n be_v increase_v proportionable_o and_o shall_v not_o we_o then_o buy_v for_o nine_o penny_n what_o before_o cost_v we_o a_o shilling_n and_o if_o so_o be_v this_o a_o small_a benefit_n a._n you_o be_v under_o a_o mistake_n for_o your_o shilling_n will_v be_v true_o be_v twelve_o shilling_n then_o for_o nine_o there_o be_v before_o but_o than_o you_o do_v reflect_v that_o these_o twelve_o new_a shilling_n will_v buy_v no_o more_o bread_n and_o beef_n in_o the_o market_n than_o nine_o shilling_n do_v when_o your_o money_n be_v five_o and_o twenty_o per_fw-la cent._n better_a so_o that_o over_o and_o above_o the_o folly_n not_o to_o say_v iniquity_n of_o such_o a_o act_n there_o be_v these_o further_a evil_n attend_n it_o as_o namely_o when_o your_o money_n be_v command_v to_o be_v coin_v and_o currant_n at_o the_o rate_n of_o one_o quarter_n more_o than_o it_o be_v intrinsical_o worth_a all_o your_o neighbour_n round_o about_o you_o will_v coin_v and_o furnish_v your_o money_n from_o abroad_o every_o ill_a man_n will_v be_v coin_v it_o at_o home_n and_o coin_v none_o but_o legal_a money_n neither_o if_o they_o please_v because_o the_o profit_n will_v be_v great_a without_o go_v far_o while_o yet_o the_o temptation_n of_o great_a gain_n will_v be_v likely_a further_o to_o prevail_v by_o debase_v your_o money_n yet_o low_o and_o low_o which_o they_o may_v do_v without_o much_o danger_n of_o suspicion_n because_o when_o once_o the_o public_a money_n come_v to_o be_v so_o impoverish_v with_o allay_n the_o beauty_n and_o complexion_n of_o your_o coin_n be_v lose_v and_o then_o a_o additional_a fraud_n of_o three_o four_o or_o five_o per_fw-mi cent_z be_v not_o so_o easy_o discern_v by_o which_o mean_v in_o process_n of_o time_n the_o whole_a mass_n of_o national_a money_n shall_v be_v in_o danger_n of_o be_v impoverish_v into_o counter_n furthermore_o all_o this_o sort_n of_o money_n which_o you_o shall_v coin_v yourselves_o you_o shall_v loose_v by_o in_o the_o coinage_n after_o the_o rate_n of_o five_o and_o twenty_o per_fw-mi cent_z which_o be_v easy_a to_o conceive_v by_o observe_v to_o you_o that_o the_o labour_n and_o charge_n in_o the_o manufacturage_n of_o your_o new_a shilling_n which_o be_v worth_a but_o nine_o penny_n be_v equal_a to_o that_o of_o your_o old_a shilling_n which_o be_v worth_a twelve_o penny_n so_o that_o it_o plain_o appear_v that_o one_o quarter_n per_fw-la cent._n of_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o coinage_n be_v thereby_o lose_v wherefore_o compute_v your_o coinage_n at_o the_o rate_n only_o of_o two_o per_fw-la cent._n you_o will_v be_v damnify_v in_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o manufacture_n or_o re-coinage_n of_o five_o million_o of_o money_n the_o sum_n of_o five_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o pound_n at_o least_o in_o short_a such_o a_o mistake_a act_n of_o regulation_n will_v in_o my_o humble_a opinion_n amount_v to_o little_o less_o than_o a_o law_n to_o make_v clip_v money_n pass_v for_o it_o will_v be_v tantamount_n the_o species_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n will_v by_o this_o mean_n by_o degree_n vanish_v from_o among_o we_o and_o what_o far_a mischief_n to_o the_o state_n such_o a_o act_n may_v produce_v a_o little_a time_n will_v tell_v we_o q._n one_o question_n beget_v another_o you_o lay_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o stress_n i_o perceive_v on_o your_o notion_n of_o intrinsic_n value_v wherein_o though_o you_o have_v already_o speak_v to_o very_o good_a purpose_n yet_o i_o must_v pray_v you_o to_o assist_v i_o far_o in_o my_o notion_n of_o it_o in_o our_o present_a case_n ans_fw-fr i_o will_v not_o multiply_v word_n nor_o confound_v you_o with_o term_n and_o abstract_a notion_n of_o intrinsic_n and_o extrinsic_n but_o come_v brief_o to_o my_o answer_n which_o i_o will_v now_o limit_v to_o the_o single_a question_n of_o money_n that_o be_v our_o theme_n pursuant_n to_o which_o i_o reply_v that_o gold_n and_o silver_n for_o the_o reason_n i_o have_v deliver_v in_o my_o general_a discourse_n of_o coin_n have_v obtain_v universal_o to_o be_v the_o matter_n whereof_o to_o make_v and_o coin_v public_a money_n because_o those_o two_o metal_n be_v every_o where_o more_o esteem_v and_o when_o fashion_v into_o money_n there_o lie_v more_o worth_a in_o less_o room_n than_o in_o other_o metal_n be_v thence_o more_o adjust_v to_o the_o use_v of_o motion_n and_o circulation_n and_o therefore_o more_o proper_a and_o aid_v towards_o the_o end_n of_o general_a commerce_n for_o the_o sake_n whereof_o and_o for_o no_o other_o purpose_n i_o conceive_v it_o to_o have_v be_v invent_v and_o establish_v in_o the_o world_n i_o say_v gold_n and_o silver_n be_v all_o the_o world_n over_o of_o more_o value_n and_o prefer_v to_o most_o other_o thing_n and_o man_n will_v give_v you_o more_o in_o exchange_n of_o any_o other_o commodity_n which_o shall_v be_v of_o great_a bulk_n weight_n or_o measure_n than_o either_o of_o these_o two_o species_n contain_v in_o themselves_o and_o if_o this_o add_v any_o thing_n to_o what_o i_o have_v already_o say_v namely_o that_o whatever_o have_v most_o worth_a lie_v in_o least_o room_n will_v be_v general_o understand_v to_o be_v specifical_o more_o valuable_a then_o coin_v make_v of_o gold_n and_o silver_n do_v every_o where_o contain_v most_o intrinsic_n value_v which_o repetition_n perhaps_o may_v seem_v superfluous_a q._n by_o this_o corollary_n draw_v from_o your_o general_a axiom_n that_o money_n now_o adays_o must_v have_v its_o due_a intrinsic_n value_v i_o infer_v that_o the_o more_o allay_v you_o put_v into_o your_o coin_n or_o the_o less_o gold_n or_o silver_n it_o contain_v the_o less_o valuable_a it_o wâ—ll_n be_v in_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o world_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o call_n a_o piece_n of_o money_n a_o shilling_n by_o a_o proclamation_n that_o will_v work_v any_o effect_n but_o that_o if_o your_o coin_n be_v make_v general_o base_a or_o light_n it_o will_v be_v rate_v according_o where_o it_o will_v go_v for_o no_o more_o than_o what_o it_o be_v intrinsical_o worth_a notwithstanding_o any_o edict_n to_o the_o contrary_a for_o though_o it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o state_n to_o call_v a_o piece_n of_o money_n a_o crown_n or_o a_o shilling_n and_o to_o make_v it_o penal_a for_o the_o subject_a to_o refuse_v it_o for_o such_o yet_o we_o may_v safe_o presume_v that_o such_o a_o act_n of_o state_n can_v never_o be_v think_v to_o influence_n the_o seller_n of_o any_o commodity_n who_o will_v be_v still_o leave_v at_o liberty_n to_o vaalue_v it_o according_a to_o its_o real_a worth_n do_v i_o conceive_v you_o right_n or_o no_o ans_fw-fr you_o do_v and_o the_o reason_n be_v very_o plain_a for_o money_n be_v the_o rule_n of_o commerce_n and_o commerce_n be_v become_v universal_a but_o it_o can_v be_v a_o rule_n if_o it_o be_v not_o equal_o calculate_v and_o rectify_v to_o the_o use_v of_o the_o general_a good_a which_o be_v the_o honour_n profit_n ease_n and_o tranquillity_n of_o the_o state_n q._n explain_v a_o little_a more_o your_o meaning_n by_o call_v money_n the_o rule_n of_o commerce_n ans_fw-fr it_o be_v a_o rule_n because_o reason_n suggest_v and_o custom_n have_v establish_v it_o such_o and_o without_o this_o rule_n trading_n people_n will_v be_v ever_o in_o the_o dark_a and_o not_o know_v how_o to_o make_v one_o regular_a step_n in_o their_o business_n and_o consequent_o the_o majority_n of_o mankind_n will_v have_v little_a or_o nothing_o to_o do_v without_o their_o own_o boundary_n q._n open_v it_o further_o by_o some_o instance_n or_o other_o of_o fact_n ans_fw-fr let_v it_o be_v thus_o then_o a_o spanish_a merchant_n observe_v here_o in_o england_n that_o colchester_n bay_n be_v at_o such_o a_o price_n and_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o send_v a_o parcel_n into_o spain_n where_o that_o commodity_n be_v in_o request_n but_o
from_o simple_a and_o uncompounded_a labour_n which_o i_o say_v be_v the_o original_a of_o proprety_n be_v every_o freeman_n own_o who_o have_v a_o right_a to_o sell_v it_o for_o what_o it_o be_v worth_a and_o how_o that_o be_v calculate_v i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o explain_v the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v seek_v in_o this_o enquiry_n be_v the_o value_n cumparative_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n with_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v buy_v with_o money_n namely_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o just_a so_o much_o money_n or_o such_o a_o quantity_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n a_o little_a more_o or_o less_o come_v to_o be_v a_o competent_a price_n for_o such_o thing_n or_o commodity_n as_o we_o need_v and_o which_o to_o supply_v our_o necessity_n we_o be_v oblige_v to_o go_v to_o market_n for_o and_o purchase_n with_o money_n this_o query_n be_v in_o like_a manner_n best_o resolve_v by_o a_o example_n which_o may_v show_v we_o in_o one_o view_n how_o the_o value_n of_o money_n come_v to_o be_v regulate_v to_o such_o a_o proportion_n with_o other_o species_n so_o as_o to_o be_v consistent_a with_o the_o end_n and_o use_v of_o traffic_n and_o intercourse_n to_o which_o purpose_n it_o be_v original_o institute_v it_o be_v not_o hard_a to_o suppose_v that_o a_o thousand_o man_n with_o their_o wife_n and_o family_n shall_v transport_v themselves_o by_o agreement_n to_o some_o spot_n or_o island_n as_o history_n tell_v we_o the_o venetian_n do_v and_o other_o have_v do_v invite_v by_o the_o fertility_n and_o bounty_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o climate_n which_o may_v be_v make_v to_o yield_v every_o thing_n needful_a for_o the_o supply_n of_o their_o necessity_n we_o may_v far_o easy_o imagine_v that_o a_o due_a proportion_n of_o people_n of_o all_o useful_a profession_n be_v sort_v and_o choose_v by_o joint_a consent_n whereof_o to_o form_n and_o compose_v this_o little_a body_n of_o a_o republic_n every_o one_o as_o it_o chance_v carry_v with_o he_o what_o treasure_n he_o have_v which_o treasure_n in_o order_n to_o their_o establishment_n be_v cast_v into_o a_o common_a bank_n and_o destine_v to_o the_o use_v of_o the_o community_n this_o colony_n we_o can_v grant_v plant_n its_o self_n where_o they_o have_v no_o intercourse_n or_o communication_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n but_o must_v live_v on_o their_o own_o stock_n and_o be_v sustain_v and_o supply_v by_o their_o labour_n and_o the_o fruit_n of_o their_o own_o industry_n now_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o with_o reasonable_a man_n the_o first_o thing_n they_o will_v go_v about_o will_v be_v to_o deliberate_v how_o by_o law_n and_o institution_n to_o establish_v themselves_o so_o as_o to_o live_v at_o their_o best_a ease_n they_o know_v the_o use_n of_o money_n whereof_o they_o have_v a_o certain_a stock_n in_o bank_n which_o be_v never_o likely_a to_o increase_v nor_o as_o it_o may_v be_v manage_v be_v it_o absolute_o necessary_a to_o their_o happiness_n that_o it_o shall_v wherefore_o they_o devise_v how_o to_o make_v this_o stock_n of_o treasure_n be_v it_o more_o or_o less_o to_o become_v a_o certain_a fund_z for_o perpetuity_n whereon_o to_o establish_v their_o common_a intercourse_n in_o order_n to_o which_o what_o be_v more_o obvious_a than_o first_o to_o reckon_v and_o determine_v how_o many_o species_n of_o thing_n and_o no_o more_o be_v or_o shall_v be_v necessary_a to_o be_v have_v or_o use_v for_o their_o simple_a and_o commodious_a subsistence_n next_o they_o will_v calculate_v what_o quantity_n will_v be_v necessary_a of_o each_o respective_a kind_a and_o three_o they_o will_v find_v the_o comparative_a value_n of_o these_o species_n one_o with_o another_o which_o be_v know_v by_o the_o labour_n each_o thing_n will_v cost_v to_o make_v and_o it_o fit_a for_o their_o use_n for_o i_o observe_v that_o every_o man_n day-labour_n must_v produce_v his_o daily_a subsistence_n or_o the_o community_n at_o a_o long_a run_n must_v dissolve_v this_o be_v know_v and_o establish_v the_o next_o step_v which_o be_v very_o easy_a to_o make_v be_v to_o calculate_v from_o the_o respective_a age_n of_o the_o people_n whereof_o our_o little_a body-politick_a be_v compose_v a_o mean_a proportional_a expense_n of_o the_o abovesaid_a species_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la necessary_a to_o one_o single_a member_n thereof_o that_o be_v how_o much_o labour_n it_o will_v cost_v to_o produce_v all_o those_o particular_n that_o any_o one_o single_a person_n shall_v need_v or_o be_v permit_v to_o consume_v or_o expend_v within_o the_o circuit_n of_o one_o year_n to_o which_o revolution_n i_o the_o rather_o limit_v it_o because_o within_o that_o space_n the_o earth_n yield_v her_o increase_n and_o the_o ordinary_a change_n of_o thing_n happen_v and_o it_o be_v the_o great_a period_n by_o which_o time_n itself_o be_v measure_v this_o be_v obtain_v and_o your_o stock_n of_o treasure_n know_v will_v produce_v a_o rule_n that_o will_v amount_v to_o a_o demonstration_n for_o assign_v a_o value_n to_o your_o money_n admit_v then_o for_o evidence-sake_n that_o your_o number_n consist_v of_o ten_o thousand_o soul_n this_o ten_o thousand_o people_n will_v by_o your_o calculation_n consume_v a_o know_v and_o certain_a quantity_n of_o the_o abovesaid_a several_a species_n which_o will_v cost_v such_o a_o proportion_n of_o man_n labour_n to_o produce_v now_o upon_o examination_n into_o your_o treasure_n we_o will_v suppose_v you_o find_v just_a two_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n in_o bank_n divide_v your_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n cash_n by_o ten_o thousand_o which_o be_v the_o number_n of_o your_o people_n at_o that_o time_n and_o the_o quotient_n will_v be_v twenty_o which_o be_v twenty_o pound_n in_o money_n which_o twenty_o pound_n must_v inevitable_o answer_v for_o and_o be_v equivalent_a to_o the_o labour_n of_o any_o one_o caeteris_fw-la paribus_fw-la per_fw-la an._n then_o upon_o reduce_v your_o year_n into_o day_n the_o product_n will_v be_v about_o ten_o penny_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la and_o so_o much_o be_v the_o day-labour_n of_o one_o man_n worth_a at_o that_o time_n that_o be_v while_o your_o people_n and_o your_o treasure_n hold_v this_o proportion_n one_o with_o another_o wherefore_o by_o this_o rule_n every_o member_n of_o this_o community_n have_v a_o right_a to_o receive_v twenty_o pound_n out_o of_o the_o common_a stock_n to_o be_v enable_v to_o bring_v the_o year_n about_o which_o will_v beget_v a_o constant_a intelligible_a circulation_n of_o your_o coin_n by_o you_o intend_v to_o answer_v all_o the_o end_n of_o traffic_n and_o intercourse_n within_o the_o circuit_n of_o the_o year_n but_o your_o people_n you_o will_v say_v in_o so_o healthful_a a_o soil_n and_o climate_n where_o neither_o the_o sword_n plague_n or_o famine_n be_v likely_a to_o diminish_v they_o will_v soon_o by_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n multiply_v but_o your_o treasure_n can_v and_o in_o such_o case_n how_o will_v your_o money_n which_o be_v but_o just_a enough_o before_o suffice_v then_o the_o answer_n to_o this_o objection_n be_v easy_a and_o will_v show_v we_o at_o once_o the_o chief_a cause_n of_o the_o rise_n and_o fall_v of_o money_n that_o be_v the_o dearth_n or_o plenty_n of_o the_o species_n of_o thing_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o wide_a world_n where_o government_n come_v to_o be_v relax_v and_o chance_n for_o the_o most_o part_n rule_n where_o necessity_n which_o be_v blind_a stumble_v bless_v on_o remedy_n and_o expedient_n next_o at_o hand_n to_o redress_v the_o evil_n of_o our_o mismanagement_n or_o want_n of_o foresight_n but_o by_o our_o hypothesis_n there_o can_v never_o happen_v any_o such_o thing_n as_o dear_a and_o cheap_a plenty_n and_o scarcity_n of_o money_n which_o i_o thus_o prove_v i_o say_v that_o your_o treasure_n which_o be_v two_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n and_o which_o be_v not_o to_o increase_v or_o diminish_v be_v by_o this_o contrivance_n and_o calculation_n plain_o render_v a_o sufficient_a fund_z to_o answer_v all_o the_o end_n of_o intercourse_n in_o this_o little_a republic_n of_o ten_o thousand_o people_n but_o your_o stock_n of_o money_n be_v impossible_a to_o increase_v and_o very_o probable_a that_o our_o number_n of_o people_n shall_v what_o expedient_a can_v be_v find_v to_o get_v over_o this_o objection_n since_o by_o our_o calculation_n the_o money_n you_o have_v in_o bank_n be_v but_o just_a enough_o for_o the_o use_v of_o your_o present_a number_n thus_o i_o say_v this_o seem_a difficulty_n be_v obviate_v after_o the_o revolution_n of_o one_o year_n you_o make_v a_o census_n and_o upon_o the_o roll_n you_o find_v your_o people_n increase_v one_o in_o ten_o hereupon_o by_o the_o same_o calculation_n and_o rule_n of_o proportion_n you_o plain_o find_v that_o nine_o penny_n this_o year_n in_o money_n must_v inevitable_o be_v worth_a purchase_n and_o buy_v in_o the_o market_n whatsoever_o the_o
of_o ease_n invention_n can_v suggest_v that_o no_o profit_n can_v arise_v to_o the_o public_a any_o way_n by_o such_o a_o establishment_n of_o our_o mint_n whereby_o your_o coin_n becme_v so_o impoverish_v we_o need_v to_o go_v no_o further_o for_o a_o proof_n than_o the_o observation_n may_v be_v make_v of_o what_o have_v befall_v we_o by_o chance_n in_o our_o clip_v and_o bad_a coin_n now_o grow_v and_o establish_v by_o custom_n into_o use_n among_o we_o which_o happen_v to_o be_v diminish_v to_o almost_o half_a the_o original_a value_n we_o behold_v every_o thing_n rise_v in_o price_n as_o it_o be_v by_o that_o proportion_n and_o our_o gold_n coin_n which_o be_v not_o so_o liable_a to_o corruption_n and_o dimunition_n rise_v from_o the_o same_o cause_n near_o a_o three_o part_n which_o may_v suffice_v to_o show_v how_o the_o public_a be_v affect_v when_o your_o coin_n either_o by_o law_n or_o chance_n come_v to_o be_v too_o poor_a your_o coin_n be_v too_o rich_a when_o a_o piece_n of_o money_n for_o example_n a_o mild_a crown_n shall_v go_v but_o for_o five_o shilling_n in_o money_n to_o buy_v and_o go_v to_o market_n with_o when_o if_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o melt_v it_o down_o and_o fall_v it_o for_o its_o due_a worth_n will_v yield_v you_o six_o shilling_n there_o be_v six_o shilling_n worth_a of_o silver_n in_o that_o piece_n i_o still_o use_v round_a number_n the_o nicety_n of_o calculation_n not_o be_v here_o necessary_a now_o as_o on_o the_o one_o hand_n when_o your_o money_n be_v bad_a and_o poor_a and_o this_o become_v establish_v by_o law_n or_o custom_n into_o use_n every_o nation_n abroad_o and_o every_o bad_a man_n at_o home_n who_o have_v art_n enough_o will_v be_v coin_v this_o money_n for_o you_o and_o will_v impart_v and_o utter_v it_o for_o your_o use_n and_o their_o profit_n as_o some_o nation_n which_o i_o need_v not_o name_n serve_v the_o spaniard_n at_o this_o day_n by_o their_o base_a black_a money_n which_o do_v not_o contain_v a_o six_o part_n of_o the_o value_n for_o which_o it_o pass_v with_o that_o blind_a nation_n i_o say_v by_o this_o mean_n as_o your_o mint_n shall_v grow_v out_o of_o use_n by_o the_o plenty_n of_o such_o coin_n as_o shall_v be_v manufacture_v by_o other_o to_o your_o hand_n so_o your_o money_n shall_v grow_v worse_o and_o worse_o for_o there_o will_v be_v no_o end_n of_o debase_v it_o till_o your_o whole_a mass_n of_o silver_n coin_n shall_v be_v destroy_v and_o convert_v into_o trash_n and_o counter_n rather_o than_o money_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n when_o your_o money_n happen_v to_o be_v too_o rich_a as_o have_v be_v our_o case_n by_o the_o great_a rise_n of_o bullion_n in_o value_n since_o the_o coin_n of_o our_o mild_a money_n it_o be_v plain_a and_o there_o can_v be_v no_o room_n for_o doubt_n but_o that_o such_o coin_n will_v be_v transport_v out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o by_o those_o who_o profession_n best_o enable_v they_o will_v be_v melt_v down_o into_o bar_n and_o bullion_n and_o from_o this_o cause_n namely_o it_o be_v over_o richness_n or_o goodness_n this_o disease_n spring_n and_o hence_o be_v consume_v vanish_v and_o extinct_a all_o or_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o noble_a mill_v coin_n which_o be_v mint_v in_o the_o two_o last_o reign_n there_o be_v no_o action_n how_o vile_a soever_o that_o gain_n with_o impunity_n will_v not_o sanctify_v or_o hardly_o any_o conscience_n so_o scrupulous_a that_o this_o charm_n have_v not_o power_n to_o quiet_a and_o absolve_v wherefore_o let_v those_o who_o by_o their_o occupation_n have_v the_o mean_n of_o touch_v most_o money_n consider_v and_o be_v aware_a what_o sort_n of_o people_n this_o crime_n be_v likely_a most_o to_o touch_v q._n if_o this_o doctrine_n of_o you_o be_v bottom_v on_o sound_a reason_n as_o it_o have_v the_o appearance_n it_o be_v visible_a that_o we_o be_v lead_v into_o a_o error_n by_o those_o who_o will_v teach_v we_o that_o the_o standard_n establish_v rule_n of_o the_o mint_n namely_o that_o your_o money_n must_v for_o ever_o be_v just_a so_o fine_a and_o of_o such_o a_o weight_n be_v sacred_a and_o can_v be_v alter_v without_o damage_n and_o danger_n to_o the_o state_n ans_fw-fr it_o be_v see_v by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v and_o be_v i_o think_v as_o demonstrable_a as_o any_o problem_n in_o geometry_n that_o the_o rule_n for_o coinage_n and_o the_o standard_n of_o the_o mint_n must_v vary_v according_a to_o the_o general_a scarcity_n or_o abundance_n of_o the_o species_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o that_o it_o be_v consequent_o a_o error_n in_o fundamental_o to_o hold_v the_o contrary_a as_o i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o show_v and_o will_v need_v no_o further_o explanation_n here_o q._n why_o if_o what_o you_o say_v be_v true_a be_v there_o so_o much_o variety_n in_o the_o coin_n of_o country_n how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o there_o be_v such_o diversity_n of_o coarse_a and_o fine_a light_a and_o weighty_a money_n in_o the_o world_n and_o that_o all_o mankind_n who_o be_v link_v in_o one_o general_a league_n of_o intercourse_n do_v not_o come_v to_o accord_v in_o one_o universal_a standard_n for_o their_o money_n which_o will_v save_v abundance_n of_o trouble_n in_o the_o course_n of_o general_a traffic_n and_o set_v the_o intercourse_n of_o the_o world_n on_o a_o much_o sure_a and_o easy_a foot_n ans_fw-fr first_o because_o silver_n and_o gold_n be_v more_o or_o less_o plenty_n in_o the_o diverse_a country_n of_o the_o world_n comparative_o and_o so_o become_v more_o or_o less_o worth_a second_o it_o be_v hard_a and_o hazardous_a to_o change_v any_o root_a custom_n of_o a_o country_n especial_o in_o a_o case_n of_o this_o general_a importance_n though_o in_o speculation_n it_o shall_v appear_v never_o so_o just_a three_o the_o use_n of_o money_n which_o be_v original_o invent_v for_o the_o ease_n and_o benefit_n of_o commerce_n be_v become_v corrupt_v and_o make_v a_o instrument_n of_o tyranny_n and_o oppression_n the_o passion_n of_o prince_n and_o state_n where_o the_o government_n be_v absolute_a make_v their_o power_n in_o this_o point_n of_o money_n to_o become_v a_o yoke_n and_o a_o burden_n which_o be_v mean_v for_o the_o comfort_n and_o ease_n of_o mankind_n forge_v rack_n and_o shackle_n for_o the_o subject_a out_o of_o that_o very_a matter_n which_o by_o nature_n the_o first_o institution_n and_o the_o right_a reason_n of_o the_o thing_n be_v decree_v and_o devise_v for_o their_o benefit_n and_o consolation_n q._n you_o be_v speak_v of_o monopoly_n of_o money_n but_o now_o do_v not_o prince_n who_o enjoy_v absolute_a power_n by_o this_o unlimited_a authority_n make_v a_o kind_n of_o monopoly_n of_o money_n ans_fw-fr yes_o such_o prince_n can_v do_v that_o by_o their_o power_n which_o a_o great_a bank_n may_v compass_v by_o art_n or_o come_v to_o do_v by_o accident_n and_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o we_o know_v the_o king_n of_o france_n himself_o with_o all_o his_o boast_a wealth_n often_o practice_n such_o poor_a shift_n proclaim_v one_o value_n on_o his_o money_n when_o he_o have_v a_o great_a sum_n to_o pay_v and_o another_o when_o he_o have_v much_o to_o receive_v but_o the_o world_n abroad_o by_o who_o sentiment_n trading-people_n must_v be_v govern_v will_v not_o heed_v it_o nor_o be_v influence_v by_o it_o and_o no_o solid_a fruit_n can_v ever_o be_v gather_v from_o such_o device_n which_o be_v ever_o sign_n of_o a_o sickly_a constitution_n and_o the_o prince_n or_o state_n that_o use_v they_o be_v like_o man_n who_o body_n be_v decay_v by_o much_o drink_n of_o spirit_n they_o be_v relieve_v indeed_o in_o the_o present_a pang_n they_o feel_v but_o by_o the_o very_a draught_n which_o in_o that_o moment_n yield_v they_o comfort_n they_o be_v in_o the_o end_n destroy_v q._n why_o be_v it_o call_v the_o mystery_n of_o the_o mint_n if_o our_o prince_n here_o in_o england_n make_v none_o of_o those_o undue_a use_v of_o coinage_n as_o be_v in_o practice_n among_o absolute_a state_n ans_fw-fr perhaps_o it_o be_v continue_v to_o be_v call_v a_o mystery_n from_o the_o power_n our_o prince_n heretofore_o claim_v or_o have_v to_o make_v coinage_n some_o way_n or_o other_o turn_v they_o to_o account_n and_o the_o profit_n arise_v thereby_o be_v keep_v secret_a be_v therefore_o call_v so_o or_o it_o may_v be_v style_v a_o mystery_n from_o the_o difficulty_n most_o man_n be_v under_o to_o conceive_v and_o see_v clear_o in_o so_o cloudy_a and_o perplex_v a_o subject_a q._n how_o long_o have_v our_o prince_n be_v so_o wise_a and_o so_o good_a as_o to_o part_v with_o a_o power_n which_o yield_v they_o but_o a_o doubtful_a profit_n at_o the_o purchase_n of_o great_a jealousy_n of_o the_o people_n lest_o
aim_v at_o extent_n of_o power_n and_o dominion_n can_v not_o be_v further_v but_o by_o foreign_a help_n of_o power_n and_o means_n by_o army_n and_o provision_n of_o war_n because_o luxury_n and_o a_o voluptuous_a life_n grow_v too_o great_a to_o be_v assuage_v by_o the_o native_a growth_n or_o product_n of_o our_o respective_a clime_n and_o country_n because_o the_o avaricious_a man_n who_o vice_n be_v mere_o to_o hoard_v and_o heap_v up_o riches_n perceive_v that_o money_n in_o those_o early_a day_n have_v little_a or_o no_o intrinsic_n worth_a have_v but_o a_o nominal_a and_o arbitrary_a signification_n it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o state_n to_o alter_v its_o value_n he_o therefore_o covet_v by_o all_o possible_a mean_n to_o possess_v something_o else_o not_o so_o liable_a to_o loss_n by_o accident_n emergency_n of_o state_n or_o caprice_n of_o prince_n such_o as_o shall_v contain_v a_o solid_a unalterable_a independent_a universal_a approbation_n which_o in_o short_a be_v what_o we_o mean_v by_o intrinsic_n value_v from_o these_o cause_n then_o and_o to_o answer_v the_o end_v aforesaid_a we_o may_v fair_o conclude_v that_o those_o two_o noble_a and_o universal_o esteem_v metal_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n obtain_v to_o be_v coin_v and_o manufacture_v into_o money_n which_o from_o thence_o be_v proper_o call_v treasure_n from_o the_o use_n then_o of_o brass_n iron_n or_o other_o base_a coin_n which_o have_v little_a or_o no_o real_a value_n and_o therefore_o have_v no_o virtue_n beyond_o the_o extent_n of_o that_o authority_n which_o make_v it_o pass_v man_n come_v from_o a_o domestic_a as_o i_o may_v say_v to_o meditate_v on_o a_o universal_a coin_n whereby_o their_o intercourse_n may_v be_v spread_v beyond_o their_o own_o frontier_n such_o as_o may_v obviate_v all_o the_o difficulty_n of_o traffic_n in_o the_o world_n abroad_o as_o namely_o when_o by_o their_o native_a fruit_n or_o manufactury_n by_o way_n of_o barter_n whether_o for_o luxury_n or_o necessity_n they_o can_v not_o easy_o be_v supply_v they_o may_v have_v present_a recourse_n to_o to_o remove_v that_o difficulty_n and_o facilitate_v their_o intercourse_n because_o with_o money_n we_o may_v purchase_v every_o thing_n but_o every_o thing_n and_o very_o often_o many_o thing_n do_v in_o some_o conjuncture_n chance_v not_o to_o be_v moneys-worth_n thus_o do_v money_n by_o be_v make_v of_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o from_o no_o other_o cause_n obtain_v that_o virtue_n and_o acquire_v the_o reverence_n that_o it_o have_v in_o the_o world_n if_o intrinsic_n value_v then_o appear_v so_o necessary_a and_o that_o the_o more_o any_o thing_n contain_v of_o that_o virtue_n which_o entitle_v it_o to_o the_o general_a esteem_n the_o great_a right_n it_o will_v have_v to_o our_o veneration_n it_o be_v a_o plain_a consequence_n that_o the_o pure_a and_o perfect_a the_o coin_n of_o a_o kingdom_n be_v the_o more_o acceptable_a and_o popular_a it_o will_v be_v for_o as_o the_o plenty_n and_o scarcity_n of_o good_a blood_n in_o our_o natural_a body_n which_o by_o infinite_a and_o almost_o inperceptible_a channel_n be_v convey_v and_o distribute_v to_o the_o remote_a member_n establish_v a_o good_a or_o bad_a constitution_n such_o be_v the_o treasure_n of_o the_o body_n politic_n the_o strength_n and_o weakness_n health_n and_o infirmity_n whereof_o to_o pursue_v the_o parallel_n no_o further_o be_v found_v on_o the_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n perfection_n or_o impurity_n of_o the_o coin_n wherefore_o i_o will_v take_v for_o grant_v that_o i_o shall_v not_o be_v censure_v for_o spin_v my_o speculation_n too_o fine_a if_o i_o brief_o enumerate_v as_o they_o occur_v to_o i_o the_o benefit_n accrue_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n by_o a_o wise_a and_o scrupulous_a care_n in_o the_o regulation_n of_o our_o mint_n whereby_o a_o just_a rich_a unadulterate_a coin_n may_v be_v establish_v and_o preserve_v first_o i_o observe_v that_o art_n will_v flourish_v with_o great_a lustre_n and_o perfection_n and_o industry_n the_o child_n of_o art_n and_o mother_n of_o riches_n and_o plenty_n will_v by_o this_o mean_n be_v pursue_v and_o cultivate_v in_o as_o much_o as_o labour_v which_o be_v the_o original_a of_o property_n will_v grow_v more_o in_o use_n and_o fashion_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o reward_n people_n at_o this_o day_n do_v not_o barter_n for_o bead_n and_o shell_n but_o will_v expect_v a_o pennyworth_n for_o their_o penny_n and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o mark_n of_o slavery_n so_o be_v it_o the_o mean_n of_o poverty_n in_o a_o state_n where_o the_o magistrate_n assume_v a_o power_n to_o set_v what_o price_n he_o please_v on_o the_o public_a coin_n it_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o slavery_n because_o the_o subject_a in_o such_o case_n live_v mere_o at_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v rich_a or_o poor_a have_v a_o competency_n or_o be_v a_o beggar_n be_v a_o freeman_n or_o in_o fetter_n at_o his_o pleasure_n for_o a_o man_n may_v enjoy_v enough_o to_o day_n and_o more_o than_o will_v suffice_v to_o pay_v his_o debt_n and_o to_o morrow_n a_o decree_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o a_o proclamation_n of_o the_o state_n to_o serve_v perhaps_o some_o sorry_a present_a public_a end_n may_v declare_v he_o a_o bankrupt_a it_o be_v a_o cause_n of_o poverty_n because_o art_n and_o industry_n by_o this_o mean_n lose_v their_o appetite_n sicken_v into_o sloth_n and_o sink_v by_o degree_n into_o misery_n for_o where_o people_n labour_n for_o uncertain_a or_o little_a gain_n the_o edge_n of_o grow_v rich_a be_v take_v off_o poverty_n grow_v into_o a_o habit_n and_o every_o laudable_a profession_n fall_v into_o contempt_n as_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n in_o spain_n which_o we_o behold_v fall_v from_o a_o flourish_a state_n into_o the_o most_o abject_a forlorn_a condition_n that_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o a_o free_a unconquered_a kingdom_n to_o sink_v to_o much_o of_o who_o misery_n be_v i_o be_o persuade_v owe_v to_o their_o want_n of_o a_o due_a penetration_n into_o matter_n of_o money_n wherein_o no_o people_n play_v more_o at_o fast_o and_o loose_a i_o say_v all_o laudable_a art_n grow_v in_o proportion_n to_o the_o reward_n but_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o have_v obtain_v a_o real_a universal_a value_n be_v a_o solid_a unchangeable_a unarbitrary_a recompense_n wherefore_o the_o fine_a and_o pure_a your_o money_n be_v the_o more_o it_o will_v charm_v and_o incite_v to_o the_o use_n of_o those_o mean_n that_o conduct_v man_n to_o the_o possession_n of_o it_o the_o species_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n will_v by_o this_o mean_n be_v propagate_v and_o increase_v in_o proportion_n to_o the_o industry_n and_o application_n of_o the_o people_n to_o obtain_v it_o because_o the_o species_n grow_v more_o in_o demand_n the_o use_n of_o it_o will_v spread_v wide_a and_o the_o more_o any_o thing_n be_v in_o request_n the_o sure_a we_o be_v of_o its_o increase_n by_o people_n engage_v in_o a_o more_o general_a and_o ardent_a endeavour_n to_o possess_v it_o the_o plenty_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o grow_v from_o a_o pure_a and_o rich_a coin_n will_v raise_v the_o value_n of_o your_o land_n which_o be_v the_o natural_a wealth_n of_o the_o state_n as_o treasure_n be_v the_o artificial_a for_o as_o low_a interest_n spring_v from_o the_o plenty_n of_o money_n so_o land_n which_o be_v the_o solid_a foundation_n of_o that_o security_n which_o insure_v the_o property_n of_o it_o to_o the_o lender_n and_o which_o can_v never_o increase_v or_o diminish_v in_o quantity_n must_v indisputable_o rise_v and_o fall_v in_o value_n according_a to_o the_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n of_o your_o treasure_n which_o will_v be_v ever_o liable_a to_o ebb_n and_o flood_n while_o state_n be_v obnoxious_a to_o revolution_n by_o sedition_n war_n famine_n pestilence_n or_o the_o like_a the_o raise_v the_o value_n of_o your_o land_n tend_v to_o the_o improvement_n of_o husbandry_n and_o tillage_n for_o people_n otherwise_o never_o so_o heavy_a have_v a_o quick_a sense_n of_o the_o profit_n of_o their_o labour_n and_o will_v bestow_v their_o cost_n and_o pain_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o subject-matter_n and_o the_o benefit_n they_o gather_v from_o their_o industry_n this_o will_v multiply_v husbandman_n and_o propagate_v a_o hardy_a and_o useful_a race_n of_o people_n the_o least_o lucrative_n the_o most_o innocent_a and_o profitable_a of_o all_o other_o to_o the_o state_n whether_o for_o peace_n or_o war_n the_o love_n of_o riches_n and_o desire_n of_o gain_n thus_o grow_v upon_o we_o become_v a_o great_a incitement_n to_o engage_v in_o all_o sort_n of_o difficulty_n to_o despise_v peril_n and_o decline_v no_o mean_n whatever_o that_o be_v likely_a to_o conduct_v we_o to_o our_o profit_n hence_o navigation_n the_o nursery_n of_o our_o native_a strength_n the_o rock_n of_o our_o
such_o a_o power_n as_o look_v a_o little_a arqitrary_o may_v in_o time_n degenerate_a into_o licence_n and_o so_o come_v to_o be_v call_v a_o grievance_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o discontent_n and_o murmur_n in_o so_o free_a and_o noble_a a_o constitution_n as_o we_o be_v ans_fw-fr i_o think_v king_n charles_n the_o second_o quit_v his_o right_n to_o the_o profit_n accrue_v by_o the_o mint_n for_o some_o valuable_a consideration_n which_o at_o that_o time_n by_o reason_n of_o great_a coinage_n amount_v to_o thirty_o or_o forty_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la since_o when_o we_o be_v i_o presume_v at_o liberty_n to_o consult_v and_o determine_v by_o the_o best_a rule_n that_o wisdom_n and_o science_n can_v suggest_v about_o such_o law_n and_o regulation_n for_o the_o mint_n as_o may_v be_v find_v most_o easy_a and_o beneficial_a for_o the_o state_n q._n how_o do_v that_o profit_n arise_v to_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o etc._n etc._n by_o the_o mint_n a._n i_o suppose_v diverse_a way_n but_o principal_o this_o namely_o that_o bullion_n in_o those_o day_n be_v much_o low_a in_o value_n than_o now_o because_o more_o plentiful_a and_o the_o standard_n establish_v to_o such_o a_o weight_n and_o fineness_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v alter_v a_o proportional_a profit_n come_v by_o that_o mean_n of_o course_n to_o the_o king_n through_o the_o cheapness_n of_o the_o material_a out_o of_o which_o the_o coin_n be_v manufacture_v in_o so_o much_o that_o the_o merchant_n or_o goldsmith_n have_v a_o merchantable_a profit_n to_o encourage_v they_o to_o send_v their_o bullion_n to_o the_o mint_n and_o the_o king_n a_o competent_a share_n of_o gain_n in_o the_o overplus_n but_o pray_v note_n upon_o this_o question_n which_o help_v to_o unsold_a the_o mystery_n that_o since_o those_o day_n through_o the_o cause_n we_o have_v endeavour_v to_o explain_v the_o material_a of_o your_o money_n be_v rise_v in_o value_v it_o may_v be_v a_o five_o part_n at_o least_o and_o that_o batgain_o which_o be_v think_v and_o it_o may_v be_v real_o be_v so_o profitable_a to_o the_o king_n then_o shall_v his_o majesty_n have_v enter_v into_o covenant_n with_o his_o people_n to_o coin_v a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n yearly_a of_o the_o establish_v standard_n weight_n and_o fineness_n which_o he_o can_v not_o alter_v he_o may_v have_v live_v to_o see_v himself_o a_o great_a deal_n more_o a_o loose_a by_o such_o a_o contract_n than_o he_o have_v be_v a_o gainer_n and_o behold_v all_o his_o money_n to_o vanish_v as_o fast_o as_o it_o be_v mint_v as_o we_o have_v plain_o enough_o show_v question_v i_o be_o now_o at_o length_n every_o way_n convince_v that_o our_o money_n ought_v to_o be_v all_o new_a coin_v and_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o new_a and_o exorbitant_a price_n of_o your_o bullion_n you_o must_v have_v a_o new_a standard_n and_o proportion_n for_o your_o mint_n but_o how_o that_o can_v be_v find_v and_o settle_v be_v a_o new_a question_n to_o which_o i_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o your_o answer_n ans_fw-fr we_o have_v travel_v a_o great_a way_n to_o arrive_v fair_o at_o this_o single_a question_n and_o if_o we_o have_v go_v somewhat_o about_o and_o make_v our_o journey_n seem_v long_o than_o may_v be_v think_v necessary_a to_o some_o i_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o the_o majority_n that_o this_o voyage_n be_v take_v and_o therefore_o but_o just_a to_o go_v their_o pace_n our_o subject_n lie_v in_o the_o dark_a to_o the_o multitude_n and_o therefore_o we_o can_v open_v too_o many_o window_n to_o let_v in_o the_o light_n to_o the_o end_n the_o weak_a sihht_n may_v be_v enable_v to_o discern_v and_o make_v some_o judgement_n whereby_o to_o determine_v in_o a_o matter_n that_o so_o near_o touch_v every_o body_n question_v your_o apology_n be_v reasonable_a and_o i_o believe_v will_v be_v think_v so_o by_o most_o man_n but_o let_v we_o come_v now_o to_o a_o issue_n and_o decide_v this_o arduous_a question_n how_o and_o by_o what_o method_n and_o rule_n of_o proportion_n our_o mint_n may_v be_v reform_v answer_v i_o will_v not_o trouble_v you_o with_o reference_n to_o what_o have_v be_v say_v that_o we_o may_v not_o multiply_v word_n and_o will_v take_v for_o grant_v you_o bear_v in_o mind_n that_o our_o hypothesis_n be_v frame_v upon_o reason_n draw_v from_o abroad_o as_o well_o as_o at_o home_n wherefore_o we_o must_v take_v foreign_a as_o well_o as_o domestic_a consideration_n to_o our_o aid_n your_o money_n i_o have_v show_v be_v subject_a to_o these_o two_o chief_a disease_n of_o be_v too_o rich_a which_o be_v contain_v more_o worth_a than_o it_o go_v for_o in_o coin_n which_o beget_v a_o consumption_n and_o waste_v by_o re-converting_a it_o into_o bullion_n export_v and_o the_o like_a too_o poor_a when_o it_o be_v either_o coin_v by_o authority_n through_o mistake_a measure_n of_o state_n with_o too_o great_a a_o extrinsic_a allowance_n or_o corrupt_v clip_v and_o falsify_v by_o other_o so_o as_o to_o become_v notorious_o diminish_v in_o the_o intrinsic_a value_n which_o raise_v the_o price_n of_o all_o thing_n by_o the_o like_a proportion_n beget_v doubt_n difficulty_n and_o vexation_n in_o your_o common_a traffic_n and_o enhaunse_n the_o rate_n of_o exchange_n with_o your_o neighbour_n which_o have_v a_o mighty_a influence_n on_o your_o trade_n abroad_o encourage_v bad_a people_n at_o home_n to_o diminish_v and_o falsify_v it_o every_o day_n more_o and_o more_o because_o there_o be_v no_o rule_n leave_v to_o compare_v and_o know_v your_o money_n by_o and_o invite_v the_o nation_n round_o about_o you_o who_o may_v do_v it_o with_o more_o safety_n to_o import_v and_o utter_v it_o in_o such_o quantity_n and_o still_o worse_o and_o worse_o till_o in_o the_o end_n all_o your_o silver_n coin_n the_o unclipped_a and_o the_o clip_v shall_v be_v go_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o what_o a_o calamitous_a state_n such_o a_o people_n must_v be_v in_o need_v no_o exaggeration_n here_o q._n i_o be_o glad_a you_o have_v repeat_v and_o renew_v in_o my_o memory_n these_o two_o chief_a disease_n of_o money_n and_o give_v so_o reasonable_a a_o prognostic_n of_o the_o effect_n because_o i_o reckon_v you_o will_v now_o come_v to_o propose_v the_o remedy_n for_o restore_a and_o establish_v the_o health_n of_o our_o coin_n by_o such_o rule_n as_o may_v seem_v as_o just_a as_o your_o argument_n hitherto_o have_v appear_v to_o i_o reasonable_a ans_fw-fr to_o arrive_v then_o at_o that_o right_a rule_n of_o proportion_n you_o require_v and_o which_o we_o have_v be_v thus_o long_o in_o quest_n of_o i_o first_o propose_v that_o we_o shall_v look_v a_o little_a back_n here_o at_o home_n and_o inquire_v and_o be_v at_o a_o certainty_n what_o price_n bullion_n bear_v when_o our_o last_o mill_v money_n be_v coin_v and_o we_o will_v suppose_v it_o here_o about_o the_o round_a sum_n of_o five_o shilling_n the_o ounce_n then_o let_v we_o grant_v it_o to_o be_v rise_v and_o advance_v in_o price_n from_o five_o to_o six_o shilling_n or_o thereabouts_o the_o ounce_n which_o shall_v be_v the_o value_n we_o will_v give_v it_o at_o this_o day_n both_o which_o prize_n may_v be_v more_o or_o less_o without_o damage_n to_o our_o reason_n about_o the_o rule_n which_o i_o will_v propose_v for_o our_o government_n in_o this_o great_a question_n now_o pray_v note_n that_o while_o the_o king_n have_v his_o profit_n by_o the_o mint_n which_o be_v indefinite_a and_o silver_n be_v at_o a_o underrate_n no_o great_a difficulty_n can_v occur_v in_o the_o coinage_n for_o as_o long_o as_o that_o gain_n last_v be_v it_o little_a or_o much_o the_o king_n have_v it_o who_o be_v enable_v over_o and_o above_o still_o to_o allow_v the_o merchant_n or_o goldsmith_n one_o or_o more_o per_fw-la cent_z profit_n to_o invite_v they_o to_o bring_v their_o bullion_n to_o the_o mint_n that_o be_v their_o silver_n become_v so_o much_o more_o worth_a to_o they_o when_o manufacture_v into_o money_n which_o they_o can_v present_o utter_v and_o employ_v than_o when_o inthe_n mass_n in_o their_o warehouse_n upon_o which_o motive_n namely_o their_o gain_n they_o carry_v it_o to_o the_o mint_n but_o that_o incitement_n cease_v from_o the_o reason_n i_o have_v give_v there_o be_v not_o only_o no_o more_o money_n now_o coin_v but_o even_o the_o milled_a money_n which_o in_o those_o day_n be_v mint_v from_o the_o same_o motive_n gain_n be_v melt_v down_o again_o and_o reconvert_v into_o bulloin_n as_o we_o have_v note_v and_o can_v too_o often_o repeat_v if_o this_o be_v true_a who_o can_v with_o any_o shadow_n of_o reason_n gainsay_v the_o necessity_n we_o be_v under_o of_o change_v the_o proportion_n of_o our_o mint_n which_o must_v inevitable_o and_o for_o ever_o change_v rise_v
say_v that_o as_o no_o people_n whatsoever_o can_v be_v conceive_v to_o contribute_v a_o great_a share_n of_o blood_n and_o treasure_n towards_o support_v the_o burden_n of_o the_o war_n so_o none_o i_o be_o sure_a even_o by_o this_o very_a mean_n be_v likely_a to_o taste_v less_o consolation_n from_o a_o peace_n whenever_o it_o shall_v happen_v which_o must_v yield_v but_o melancholy_a reflection_n to_o every_o thoughtful_a englishman_n and_o therefore_o one_o will_v think_v aught_o to_o awaken_v we_o lest_o we_o sleep_v the_o sleep_n of_o death_n q._n what_o method_n will_v you_o advise_v to_o obviate_v this_o evil_a for_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o our_o superior_n will_v be_v glad_a to_o turn_v every_o stone_n to_o settle_v our_o mint_n on_o a_o right_a bottom_n a._n you_o ought_v i_o think_v to_o begin_v with_o this_o first_o necessary_a reflection_n namely_o that_o this_o exorbitant_a rise_n of_o the_o price_n of_o your_o bullion_n be_v in_o a_o good_a degree_n due_a to_o the_o present_a badness_n of_o your_o currant_n coin_n and_o the_o difference_n in_o price_n even_o betwixt_o we_o and_o holland_n in_o like_a manner_n to_o be_v grow_v in_o some_o proportion_n from_o the_o same_o cause_n now_o both_o these_o reflection_n be_v to_o bear_v some_o weight_n in_o your_o deliberation_n lest_o by_o over-rateing_a the_o cause_n you_o bend_v your_o argument_n which_o you_o will_v straighten_v too_o far_o the_o other_o way_n to_o explain_v this_o point_n a_o little_a you_o be_v to_o reckon_v that_o whenever_o your_o coin_n shall_v come_v to_o be_v better_v be_v it_o more_o or_o less_o the_o difference_n or_o height_n of_o exchange_n or_o of_o the_o price_n of_o silver_n betwixt_o you_o and_o holland_n which_o be_v all_o one_o will_v be_v less_o of_o course_n as_o from_o the_o same_o reckon_n the_o value_n of_o your_o own_o bullion_n at_o home_n will_v sink_v too_o now_o i_o say_v that_o the_o amount_v of_o those_o two_o which_o be_v but_o co-incident_a effect_n be_v to_o be_v compute_v and_o by_o proper_a help_n i_o mean_v such_o as_o may_v be_v have_v from_o man_n who_o be_v most_o busy_v in_o trade_n and_o exchange_n and_o as_o shall_v be_v think_v to_o have_v integrity_n enough_o to_o be_v trust_v a_o estimate_n ought_v to_o be_v first_o make_v namely_o to_o state_n to_o what_o degree_n a_o little_a more_o or_o less_o the_o exchange_n with_o holland_n and_o the_o price_n of_o our_o bullion_n here_o at_o home_n may_v fall_v as_o a_o bare_a and_o simple_a effect_n of_o the_o regulate_v our_o mint_n without_o hee_v any_o other_o matter_n at_o all_o relate_v to_o the_o subject_n when_o this_o effect_n i_o say_v which_o be_v accidental_a shall_v be_v determine_v as_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v deem_v to_o amount_v to_o 3.4_o or_o five_o per_fw-mi cent_z more_z or_o less_o than_o this_o sum_n or_o difference_n be_v to_o be_v deduct_v and_o leave_v out_o of_o the_o argument_n as_o namely_o if_o you_o conclude_v that_o this_o accidental_a effect_n will_v be_v 5._o per._n cent_z that_o your_o bullion_n will_v fall_v of_o course_n on_o the_o re-coining_a your_o money_n in_o such_o case_n if_o your_o bullion_n be_v rise_v 20_o per_n cent._n in_o the_o whole_a you_o must_v deduct_v this_o 5_o per_fw-mi cent_z out_o of_o that_o difference_n because_o it_o ought_v to_o have_v no_o existence_n among_o the_o solid_a reason_n for_o the_o change_n you_o be_v about_o to_o make_v q._n if_o i_o understand_v you_o right_o then_o i_o conceive_v if_o the_o appear_a difference_n betwixt_o the_o price_n of_o bullion_n now_o and_o heretofore_o be_v observe_v to_o amount_v to_o 20_o per_fw-la cent._n the_o real_a difference_n by_o your_o reckon_n be_v but_o fifteen_o per_fw-la cent_z and_o upon_o that_o calculation_n your_o rule_n for_o a_o new_a regulation_n of_o the_o mint_n must_v be_v build_v a._n you_o understand_v my_o meaning_n the_o next_o step_n i_o will_v propose_v be_v to_o consider_v what_o be_v the_o driginal_a motive_n of_o assign_v a_o extrinsic_n or_o political_a value_n to_o moâ—ey_n i_o mean_v that_o little_a value_n which_o be_v give_v to_o the_o public_a coin_n more_o than_o it_o be_v real_o worth_a without_o regard_n to_o the_o false_a reason_n of_o state_n that_o afterward_o prevail_v and_o be_v at_o this_o day_n in_o practice_n in_o rigid_a and_o violent_a government_n and_o this_o be_v plain_o for_o no_o other_o end_n than_o to_o keep_v every_o one_o their_o own_o coin_n within_o their_o own_o territory_n for_o while_o it_o obtain_v or_o there_o be_v give_v 2_o or_o 3_o or_o more_o per_fw-la cent._n extrinsical_a worth_n by_o the_o mintage_n it_o be_v so_o much_o more_o in_o esteem_n where_o it_o be_v a_o native_a than_o else_o where_o which_o be_v a_o very_a reasonable_a device_n to_o prevent_v its_o wander_a without_o the_o circle_n of_o its_o currant_n virtue_n wherefore_o let_v your_o coin_n be_v establish_v with_o such_o a_o proportion_n of_o political_a value_n as_o may_v prevent_v its_o go_v abroad_o and_o yet_o may_v not_o be_v think_v to_o affect_v you_o at_o home_n in_o the_o price_n of_o the_o species_n of_o thing_n which_o will_v amount_v to_o a_o injustice_n and_o a_o grievance_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o error_n you_o shall_v commit_v as_o i_o have_v show_v on_o the_o other_o hand_n if_o you_o make_v your_o money_n without_o any_o nominal_a or_o extrinsic_a signification_n it_o will_v as_o i_o have_v often_o say_v and_o prove_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o your_o lose_n it_o by_o melt_v down_o or_o go_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n upon_o the_o least_o advance_v of_o â—â—e_z price_n of_o bullion_n and_o there_o 〈◊〉_d no_o manner_n of_o question_n to_o be_v â—ade_v but_o that_o material_a will_v rise_v very_a day_n more_o and_o more_o as_o long_a 〈◊〉_d the_o war_n last_v from_o the_o general_a muse_n to_o which_o i_o have_v already_o scribe_v the_o grow_a scarcity_n of_o money_n in_o the_o world_n now_o as_o 〈◊〉_d will_v be_v very_o hard_a to_o hit_v a_o just_a â—ean_a proportion_n betwixt_o these_o wo_n so_o i_o think_v it_o be_v the_o safe_a error_n to_o incline_v to_o the_o give_v our_o new_a money_n too_o much_o raâ—er_a than_o too_o little_a extrinsic_n vaâ—ne_v because_o as_o a_o excess_n on_o â—at_a side_n will_v as_o it_o be_v obâ—â—ate_v the_o danger_n of_o the_o riseâ—g_a value_n of_o your_o bullion_n so_o â—he_v error_n here_o will_v affect_v we_o â—ess_o than_o the_o other_o way_n because_o money_n though_o a_o little_a too_o pooâ—_n be_v yet_o better_a by_o far_o than_o none_o aâ—_n all_o be_v much_o more_o easy_o melteâ—_n down_o and_o transport_v than_o it_o 〈◊〉_d coin_v and_o counterfeit_v the_o onâ—_n may_v be_v do_v easy_o by_o any_o body_n any_o where_n the_o other_o can_v be_v perâ—_n form_v but_o by_o a_o few_o and_o require_v great_a secrecy_n and_o many_o tool_n the_o one_o be_v a_o fault_n finable_a only_o thâ—_n other_o punish_v with_o death_n anâ—_n therefore_o likely_a to_o have_v feweâ—_n offender_n q._n i_o see_v but_o one_o very_o visible_a objection_n to_o lie_v against_o this_o opinion_n of_o yourâ—_n of_o give_v your_o money_n rather_o a_o oveâ—_n than_o under_o exstrinsic_n value_v and_o that_o be_v the_o profit_n arise_v by_o the_o mintage_n for_o if_o your_o new_a money_n shall_v be_v make_v tâ—_n go_v for_o something_o more_o than_o it_o be_v intrinsical_o worth_a will_v there_o not_o arise_v a_o certain_a profit_n somewhere_o by_o the_o mintage_n a._n yes_o plain_o for_o if_o you_o allot_v but_o 5_o per._n cent_z extrinsic_n value_n to_o your_o new_a coin_n the_o charge_n of_o the_o manufacturage_n which_o will_v not_o be_v above_o two_o per._n cent_z be_v deduct_v out_o of_o that_o 5_o per._n cent._n there_o will_v still_o remain_v 3_o per._n cent_z profit_n which_o in_o the_o mint_n of_o five_o million_o of_o money_n rise_v to_o 150000_o pound_n q._n who_o will_n this_o profit_n be_v for_o the_o king_n you_o say_v have_v quit_v his_o right_n to_o it_o a._n i_o be_o no_o judge_n of_o that_o but_o if_o i_o have_v the_o honour_n of_o be_v a_o member_n of_o parliament_n i_o shall_v willing_o give_v my_o vote_n to_o bestow_v it_o towards_o a_o fund_z for_o the_o new_a hospital_n at_o greenwich_n for_o as_o no_o sort_n of_o man_n have_v a_o great_a right_n to_o our_o general_a charity_n than_o seaman_n so_o no_o charity_n can_v rise_v so_o easy_o and_o from_o so_o public_a a_o fountain_n as_o this_o q._n you_o determine_v then_o i_o presume_v that_o we_o ought_v to_o re-coin_n the_o whole_a stock_n of_o national_a money_n i_o do_v because_o i_o think_v there_o can_v possible_o occur_v any_o mischief_n by_o much_o so_o grievous_a and_o dangerous_a to_o the_o nation_n through_o any_o difficulty_n that_o may_v be_v sugge_v to_o spring_v from_o the_o new_a minting_n your_o
money_n as_o those_o which_o we_o suffer_v and_o be_v threaten_v we_o by_o delay_v it_o for_o the_o mint_n or_o public_a money_n be_v the_o pulse_n of_o the_o body_n politic_a and_o tacitus_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o health_n and_o infirmity_n of_o the_o state_n be_v always_o measure_v by_o that_o motion_n and_o grave_a author_n further_o assure_v we_o that_o as_o the_o roman_a empire_n decline_v it_o be_v manifest_v by_o their_o mint_n their_o money_n debase_v as_o the_o power_n and_o virtue_n of_o that_o great_a people_n sink_v and_o decline_v money_n be_v the_o public_a measure_n of_o every_o thing_n we_o have_v all_o our_o meum_fw-la and_o tuum_fw-la be_v weigh_v and_o dispense_v by_o no_o other_o scale_n or_o rule_n if_o that_o be_v unequal_a false_a or_o doubtful_a what_o injustice_n what_o vexation_n murmur_n poverty_n and_o peril_n threaten_v the_o state_n thereby_o needs_o no_o rhetoric_n to_o enforce_v let_v it_o be_v see_v by_o the_o timely_a wisdom_n of_o our_o remedy_n that_o the_o disease_n be_v not_o mortal_a and_o the_o danger_n beyond_o the_o possibility_n of_o a_o cure_n the_o calamitous_a fire_n of_o london_n be_v a_o disaster_n which_o the_o world_n think_v will_v have_v be_v a_o death_n blow_n to_o the_o state_n and_z during_o the_o operation_n of_o people_n prognostic_n thereupon_o bring_v we_o very_o low_a in_o our_o neighbour_n eye_n but_o the_o sudden_a repair_n of_o that_o stupendous_a loss_n by_o the_o rebuilding_n with_o so_o much_o magnificence_n the_o great_a city_n for_o aught_o i_o know_v in_o the_o universe_n raise_v the_o reputation_n of_o our_o glory_n courage_n and_o wealth_n to_o a_o more_o surprise_v degree_n of_o value_n in_o the_o world_n and_o our_o own_o esteem_n too_o which_o by_o art_n or_o wisdom_n rule_n can_v never_o have_v be_v know_v or_o calculate_v we_o may_v hope_v for_o the_o like_a fruit_n from_o the_o same_o wise_a and_o steady_a counsel_n the_o calamity_n of_o our_o coin_n be_v not_o inferior_a the_o cure_n seem_v not_o in_o my_o poor_a judgement_n hard_a nor_o will_v the_o benefit_n which_o the_o nation_n shall_v reap_v in_o the_o effect_n be_v less_o q._n have_v you_o no_o further_o advice_n to_o give_v or_o caution_n to_o offer_v in_o the_o main_a point_n of_o regulate_v the_o new_a coinage_n of_o our_o money_n a._n i_o can_v repeat_v too_o often_o and_o therefore_o once_o more_o do_v recommend_v to_o your_o utmost_a attention_n the_o deliberate_v and_o determine_v the_o proportion_n betwixt_o the_o real_a and_o nominal_a value_n of_o your_o money_n which_o be_v the_o key_n of_o the_o whole_a difficulty_n and_o require_v the_o great_a advice_n gravity_n and_o penetration_n to_o fix_v q._n have_v not_o you_o say_v that_o the_o material_a of_o your_o money_n be_v not_o likely_a to_o grow_v cheap_a but_o to_o rise_v still_o high_o and_o high_o and_o yet_o but_o just_a now_o you_o give_v i_o a_o instance_n of_o your_o foresight_n that_o on_o the_o moment_n your_o coin_n shall_v be_v regulate_v whether_o it_o shall_v chance_v to_o be_v right_o or_o wise_o perform_v or_o no_o yet_o there_o will_v present_o as_o a_o pure_a and_o simple_a effect_n of_o such_o a_o reformation_n be_v a_o fall_n of_o the_o value_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n and_o all_o the_o species_n of_o thing_n to_o a_o certain_a degree_n the_o quantum_fw-la be_v undetermined_a a._n in_o this_o objection_n you_o seem_v not_o to_o be_v aware_a that_o the_o abatement_n of_o the_o value_n of_o your_o silver_n and_o gold_n you_o speak_v of_o be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o accidental_a effect_n of_o that_o cause_n but_o the_o grow_a value_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n whereof_o i_o have_v give_v you_o my_o prognostic_n be_v from_o the_o general_a cause_n already_o by_o i_o produce_v and_o therefore_o this_o effect_n by_o the_o bye_n have_v no_o weight_n in_o your_o objection_n because_o it_o will_v present_o expire_v and_o the_o general_a grow_a scarcity_n be_v no_o way_n influence_v thereby_o q._n you_o seem_v to_o have_v yet_o take_v but_o little_a notice_n how_o our_o gold_n coin_n will_v be_v affect_v by_o the_o regulation_n of_o our_o mint_n a._n i_o have_v already_o note_v that_o your_o gold_n must_v necessary_o fall_v in_o its_o value_n upon_o the_o repair_v of_o your_o silver_n coin_n the_o obvious_a reason_n of_o its_o exorbitant_a rise_n be_v from_o the_o low_a reputation_n of_o our_o silver-money_n so_o that_o it_o have_v grow_v high_a through_o the_o reason_n of_o comparison_n as_o i_o may_v say_v become_v so_o much_o the_o more_o worth_a from_o the_o other_o happen_v to_o fall_v so_o low_a which_o be_v therefore_o owe_v pure_o to_o this_o unhappy_a accident_n here_o at_o home_n but_o of_o what_o ill_a influence_n it_o have_v be_v to_o our_o affair_n the_o use_v our_o watchful_a neighbour_n have_v make_v thereof_o we_o be_v loud_o and_o true_o everywhere_o tell_v by_o public_a paper_n but_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o this_o evil_a i_o say_v will_v cure_v of_o itself_o by_o your_o silver_n coin_n recover_v its_o reputation_n after_o which_o if_o gold_n shall_v be_v think_v still_o to_o bear_v too_o high_a a_o value_n i_o believe_v it_o may_v be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o government_n to_o regulate_v that_o at_o any_o time_n by_o a_o proclamation_n or_o some_o wise_a result_n of_o council_n q._n i_o think_v i_o have_v now_o ask_v you_o all_o my_o question_n about_o the_o matter_n let_v i_o now_o ask_v you_o a_o few_o touch_v the_o manner_n wherein_o you_o will_v proceed_v in_o this_o great_a work_n a._n i_o think_v according_a to_o advice_n already_o publish_v that_o more_o mint_n than_o one_o ought_v to_o be_v employ_v to_o carry_v on_o the_o business_n and_o as_o a_o foundation_n to_o this_o great_a work_n i_o propose_v that_o one_o million_o at_o least_o or_o fifteen_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n worth_a of_o bullion_n may_v be_v by_o one_o mean_n or_o other_o compass_v to_o be_v first_o coin_v into_o shilling_n and_o sixpence_n to_o be_v a_o fund_z ready_o prepare_v to_o pay_v upon_o the_o spot_n for_o such_o clip_v money_n as_o shall_v be_v bring_v in_o the_o next_o step_n i_o will_v propose_v to_o be_v make_v shall_v be_v the_o call_v in_o of_o all_o the_o half-crown_n thirteenpence-halfpenies_a ninepence_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o that_o unequal_a money_n your_o shilling_n and_o sixpence_n to_o remain_v still_o currant_n till_o this_o first_o work_n shall_v be_v over_o this_o money_n be_v bring_v in_o to_o the_o several_a receiver_n appoint_v to_o be_v spread_v and_o distribute_v in_o the_o most_o populous_a place_n of_o the_o kingdom_n shall_v be_v pay_v for_o in_o ready_a new_a money_n by_o the_o say_a officer_n viz._n five_o new_a shilling_n for_o five_o shilling_n of_o your_o clip_a halfcrown_n &c_n &c_n receive_v all_o the_o old_a money_n by_o weight_n as_o well_o as_o tale_n according_a to_o the_o method_n and_o regulation_n propose_v by_o mr._n lowndes_n for_o to_o think_v of_o pay_v people_n by_o piecemeal_n with_o bill_n or_o paper_n who_o shall_v come_v from_o far_o full_a of_o doubt_n and_o pinch_v with_o poverty_n and_o vex_v already_o to_o the_o quick_a with_o the_o hardship_n they_o have_v suffer_v and_o still_o lie_v under_o and_o where_o the_o majority_n will_v be_v find_v to_o need_v every_o pennyworth_n of_o the_o money_n they_o shall_v bring_v in_o to_o be_v exchange_v for_o present_a currant_n money_n i_o say_v to_o propose_v such_o a_o method_n as_o shall_v not_o be_v very_o easy_a and_o intelligible_a to_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o people_n may_v breed_v a_o mischief_n of_o no_o verb_n easy_a digestion_n wherefore_o i_o humble_o propose_v that_o this_o million_o and_o a_o half_a or_o whatsoever_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o whole_a treasure_n of_o the_o nation_n shall_v be_v compute_v to_o amount_v to_o may_v be_v first_o find_v and_o provide_v by_o such_o mean_v as_o to_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o parliament_n shall_v appear_v most_o feasible_a which_o in_o my_o poor_a opinion_n will_v not_o be_v a_o insuperable_a work_n this_o be_v first_o do_v and_o you_o be_v then_o in_o possession_n of_o the_o balance_n of_o this_o debt_n which_o be_v owe_v to_o your_o general_a stock_n of_o treasure_n by_o the_o clip_v and_o impairment_n it_o have_v suffer_v there_o will_v remain_v no_o other_o difficulty_n but_o in_o the_o minting_n and_o orderly_o distribute_v and_o exchange_v your_o money_n by_o such_o rule_n as_o i_o think_v have_v be_v already_o very_o prudent_o and_o masterly_a propound_v by_o the_o say_a mr._n lowndes_n i_o propose_v your_o beginning_n with_o halfcrown_n etc._n etc._n because_o the_o work_n must_v be_v do_v gradatim_fw-la and_o can_v be_v compass_v otherwise_o without_o much_o great_a difficulty_n and_o disorder_n wherein_o a_o good_a deal_n must_v still_o happen_v after_o all_o your_o