become_v a_o loose_a of_o so_o much_o and_o the_o kingdom_n be_v bereave_v of_o the_o other_o money_n which_o the_o amsterdammer_n cause_v to_o be_v send_v over_o unto_o he_o as_o shall_v be_v make_v plain_a in_o the_o next_o chapter_n to_o return_v to_o our_o aforesaid_a declaration_n of_o the_o undervaluation_n of_o our_o money_n country_n exchange_n at_o 358._o for_o the_o low_a unite_a country_n true_a it_o be_v that_o since_o the_o say_a proclamation_n of_o the_o state_n whereby_o our_o shilling_n be_v value_v at_o 10_o ½_n stivers_n the_o price_n of_o exchange_n be_v rise_v to_o 35_o s_o which_o some_o understand_v to_o be_v value_n for_o value_n or_o par_fw-fr pro_fw-la pari_fw-la and_o other_o will_v say_v who_o know_v whether_o the_o say_v assay_n be_v true_o make_v and_o report_v according_o and_o so_o speak_v against_o our_o benefit_n i_o answer_v admit_v that_o the_o loss_n be_v but_o 6_o 1_o 9_o per_fw-la centum_fw-la for_o a_o month_n be_v this_o tolerable_a when_o by_o 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of_o mean_a capacity_n money_n inconvenience_n of_o the_o underualuation_n of_o our_o money_n and_o that_o i_o do_v labour_n to_o express_v myself_o in_o the_o plain_a manner_n i_o pray_v you_o be_v there_o any_o man_n live_v that_o will_v not_o conceive_v that_o this_o exceed_o great_a gain_n have_v by_o exportation_n of_o our_o money_n will_v still_o deprive_v we_o of_o our_o treasure_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a that_o this_o great_a loss_n have_v by_o the_o importation_n of_o money_n do_v still_o debar_v we_o from_o any_o to_o be_v bring_v in_o again_o when_o great_a gain_n be_v give_v upon_o the_o spanish_a royal_n beyond_o the_o sea_n will_v not_o the_o same_o be_v divert_v from_o we_o and_o carry_v thither_o or_o if_o some_o be_v import_v upon_o occasion_n or_o by_o accident_n will_v not_o other_o man_n transport_v they_o again_o and_o so_o take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o trade_n and_o cause_v the_o vital_a spirit_n thereof_o to_o languish_v sure_o all_o man_n be_v able_a to_o 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thereof_o exchange_n silver_n coin_n do_v rule_v the_o market_n and_o exchange_n be_v 500_o to_o one_o of_o gold_n which_o cause_v the_o exchange_n to_o be_v make_v according_a to_o the_o silver_n coin_n which_o overrule_v the_o coin_n of_o gold_n the_o first_o inequality_n creep_v in_o by_o the_o inhaunce_n of_o money_n be_v upon_o the_o philip_n doller_n which_o be_v come_v from_o 30_o stivers_n or_o 5_o s_o as_o aforesaid_a to_o 33_o and_o 35_o stivers_n whereby_o the_o price_n of_o exchange_n begin_v to_o alter_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1563_o and_o 1564_o which_o then_o be_v look_v into_o by_o the_o merchant_n adventurer_n according_a to_o the_o complaint_n of_o mr._n hussey_n their_o governor_n and_o that_o make_v they_o to_o make_v exchange_n upon_o our_o pound_n of_o 20_o s_o starlin_n at_o 22_o s._n 6_o d._n and_o 23_o s._n afterward_o in_o the_o year_n 1575._o the_o say_a philip_n doller_n go_v currant_n for_o 36_o stivers_n or_o 6_o s_o flemish_n which_o be_v enhance_v full_a twenty_o in_o the_o hundred_o or_o four_o shilling_n upon_o twenty_o shilling_n whereby_o the_o parity_n of_o exchange_n be_v alter_v in_o name_n from_o 20_o to_o 24_o because_o that_o 24_o s_o with_o they_o beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o our_o 20_o s_o here_o be_v all_o one_o in_o value_n so_o that_o 500_o l_o starlin_n be_v correspondent_a or_o answerable_a to_o 600_o l_o flemish_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o say_a valuation_n without_o any_o alteration_n of_o standard_n before_o that_o time_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1567._o the_o burgundian_n rickx_n doller_n be_v coin_v in_o the_o empire_n for_o 32_o stivers_n lup_n or_o two_o mark_n lubish_n of_o 16_o shilling_n the_o mark_n so_o that_o then_o one_o shilling_n lubish_n and_o one_o stiver_n one_o shilling_n lubish_n and_o stivers_n all_o one_o be_v between_o germany_n and_o the_o netherlands_o all_o one_o in_o name_n as_o we_o have_v more_o ample_o declare_v in_o lex_fw-la 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of_o the_o say_a exchange_n 24._o s._n as_o aforesaid_a account_v 4_o dollar_n for_o the_o l._n the_o rickx_n doller_n of_o 10._o ounce_n 12._o penny_n weight_n at_o 32._o shilling_n lubish_n or_o stivers_n flemish_n make_v the_o say_v positive_a exchange_n to_o be_v 24._o s._n also_o country_n exchange_n at_o 14._o s._n at_o hamborough_n and_o the_o low_a country_n account_v four_o and_o a_o half_a doller_n for_o 20._o s._n starlin_n the_o rickx_n doller_n be_v enhance_v to_o 33._o shilling_n lubish_n make_v the_o price_n of_o the_o say_a exchange_n at_o one_o shilling_n more_o upon_o the_o 4._o price_n and_o a_o half_a to_o be_v at_o 24._o s._n 9_o d._n which_o contain_v for_o a_o long_a time_n at_o hamborough_n and_o other_o place_n in_o germany_n germany_n exchange_n at_o 24._o s._n 9d_o in_o germany_n and_o
money_n and_o exchange_n have_v be_v make_v as_o in_o the_o margin_n in_o primo_fw-la of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o sir_n thomas_z bullen_z knight_n be_v the_o king_n exchanger_n by_o letter_n patent_n for_o all_o change_n and_o rechange_n for_o foreign_a part_n as_o by_o the_o record_n appear_v in_o his_o majesty_n exchequer_n and_o there_o also_o you_o shall_v find_v that_o during_o the_o râ—igne_n of_o the_o say_a king_n henry_n the_o seven_o one_o petrus_n contarin_n a_o venetian_a merchant_n be_v sue_v in_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n upon_o the_o say_a statute_n and_o the_o like_a â—uâ—e_n be_v bring_v in_o the_o ninteenth_fw-mi year_n follow_v against_o dominico_n polliâ—oâ—o_o the_o pope_n collector_n and_o lorenzo_n albâ—rti_fw-la upon_o the_o like_a condemnation_n do_v pay_v 933_o l._n cron._n graftons_n cron._n this_o cause_v the_o say_a king_n henry_n the_o eight_o in_o the_o twenty_o two_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n to_o make_v a_o very_a severe_a proclamation_n that_o no_o person_n shall_v make_v any_o exchange_n contrary_a to_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o the_o say_a act_n and_o statute_n but_o as_o war_n discompound_v all_o good_a order_n and_o necessity_n have_v no_o law_n so_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o this_o king_n reign_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o base_a money_n then_o coin_a this_o office_n of_o exchange_n do_v discontinue_v and_o in_o edward_n the_o sixth_o his_o time_n the_o practice_n of_o exchange_n be_v for_o a_o time_n prohibit_v but_o upon_o urgent_a necessity_n of_o the_o convenience_n thereof_o again_o admit_v unto_o merchant_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o late_a queen_n elizabeth_n of_o bless_a memory_n the_o abuse_n of_o exchange_n be_v call_v in_o question_n by_o m_n r._n hussly_n governor_n of_o the_o merchant_n aduenturor_n afterward_o the_o lord_n burghley_n lord_n treasurer_n of_o england_n have_v a_o grant_n by_o letter_n patent_n of_o the_o say_a office_n for_o 23._o year_n who_o not_o be_v inform_v how_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v true_o govern_v after_o proclamation_n make_v can_v not_o find_v convenient_a mean_n to_o establish_v the_o same_o this_o in_o progress_n of_o time_n do_v touch_v the_o say_a lord_n so_o much_o in_o his_o honour_n and_o reputation_n that_o his_o son_n sir_n robert_n cecil_n lord_n treasurer_n of_o england_n after_o he_o will_v never_o incline_v to_o establish_v the_o say_a office_n much_o less_o to_o reform_v the_o abuse_n thereof_o beside_o some_o other_o consideration_n may_v move_v he_o because_o the_o business_n be_v propound_v by_o other_o so_o that_o misselden_n do_v speak_v untrue_o that_o the_o same_o be_v reject_v 92._o p._n 92._o for_o it_o have_v still_o continue_v and_o be_v in_o agitation_n even_o as_o the_o fish_n trade_n hitherto_o neglect_v whereof_o more_o hereafter_o the_o importance_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o exchange_n prince_n treaty_n of_o exchange_n with_o other_o prince_n do_v not_o only_o appear_v by_o the_o say_v general_a act_n of_o parliament_n hitherto_o unrepeal_v and_o now_o most_o necessary_a than_o ever_o to_o be_v put_v in_o practice_n but_o also_o by_o diverse_a treaty_n that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v have_v by_o many_o conferrence_n with_o other_o prince_n and_o state_n concern_v the_o loss_n sustain_v thereby_o now_o utter_o neglect_v let_v it_o be_v consider_v what_o incredible_a loss_n england_n sustain_v when_o we_o loose_v above_o twoâ—shillings_n in_o the_o pound_n when_o the_o duchess_n of_o savoy_n regent_n of_o the_o low_a country_n allege_v that_o one_o half_a penny_n in_o the_o pound_n loss_n will_v ruin_v the_o state_n of_o those_o country_n as_o by_o ancient_a record_n in_o the_o exchequer_n appear_v king_n henry_n the_o eight_o be_v come_v to_o calais_n require_v the_o archdutches_n of_o austria_n than_o governor_n of_o the_o low_a country_n to_o permit_v his_o gold_n and_o silver_n to_o pass_v currant_n in_o her_o dominion_n a_o little_a above_o the_o true_a value_n thereof_o for_o the_o better_a enable_v of_o his_o soldier_n and_o merchant_n the_o duchess_n dispatch_v thomas_n gramay_n general_n of_o her_o mint_n and_o john_n dewsbrooke_n her_o assay-master_n with_o instruction_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n advertise_v he_o consideration_n notable_a consideration_n that_o to_o suffer_v the_o english_a coin_n run_v at_o a_o overvalue_n be_v against_o all_o statute_n and_o ordinance_n of_o the_o mint_n and_o that_o it_o will_v redound_v to_o the_o great_a scandal_n loss_n and_o harm_n to_o the_o commonweal_n and_o the_o harm_n and_o loss_n shall_v be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o esteem_v it_o for_o the_o merchant_n find_v that_o more_o may_v be_v get_v in_o england_n then_o in_o her_o doâ—inions_n for_o bullion_n by_o this_o overualuation_n of_o the_o english_a coin_n will_v carry_v away_o all_o five_o gold_n melt_v and_o unmolten_a not_o only_o in_o ingot_n but_o also_o in_o piece_n of_o gold_n make_v in_o the_o archduke_n mint_n to_o convert_v they_o into_o angel_n noble_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o country_n and_o subject_n of_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v total_o consume_v spoil_v and_o destroy_v which_o will_v turn_v to_o a_o damage_n inestimable_a the_o like_a be_v affirm_v to_o ensue_v by_o the_o toleration_n of_o our_o english_a silver_n money_n to_o be_v over_o value_v centre_n gaine_n be_v still_o the_o centre_n because_o all_o merchant_n for_o their_o gain_n will_v carry_v into_o england_n not_o only_o the_o material_n of_o silver_n but_o also_o piece_n coin_a whereby_o the_o intercourse_n of_o merchandise_n shall_v cease_v and_o the_o merchant_n shall_v become_v merchant_n of_o silver_n without_o sell_v any_o other_o ware_n or_o merchandise_n furthermore_o she_o plead_v that_o never_o any_o prince_n will_v permit_v strange_a money_n to_o pass_v high_a than_o his_o own_o but_o that_o of_o custom_n they_o use_v the_o contrary_n and_o which_o be_v most_o effectual_a she_o urge_v that_o the_o ordinance_n of_o the_o mint_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o subject_n ought_v ever_o to_o be_v keep_v of_o good_a policy_n for_o a_o law_n firm_a and_o stable_a forasmuch_o the_o mean_n of_o prince_n and_o of_o nobleman_n together_o with_o the_o rent_n fee_n and_o wage_n of_o all_o his_o subject_n be_v tax_v and_o value_v and_o all_o merchandise_n rule_v and_o govern_v thereby_o wherefore_o without_o great_a necessity_n or_o evident_a utility_n no_o alteration_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o price_n of_o money_n upon_o this_o remoustrance_n the_o archdutchesse_n commissioner_n &_o the_o mint-master_n of_o the_o tower_n make_v assay_n of_o all_o english_a and_o flemish_a coin_n and_o after_o long_o dispute_v and_o wrangle_v the_o king_n can_v never_o obtain_v to_o have_v his_o coin_n pass_v at_o a_o half_a penny_n above_o the_o true_a value_n what_o shall_v we_o say_v of_o these_o our_o day_n wherein_o we_o suffer_v so_o great_a a_o underualuation_n of_o our_o money_n in_o exchange_n and_o inhauno_v of_o foreign_a coin_n whereby_o the_o trade_n be_v decay_v the_o realm_n impoverish_v and_o every_o man_n in_o a_o manner_n undo_v be_v all_o the_o precedent_a law_n and_o ordinance_n make_v in_o vain_a and_o forget_v when_o hercules_n have_v loâ—t_v his_o ox_n god_n bateman_n in_o his_o leaden_a god_n and_o have_v long_o time_n seek_v they_o in_o vain_a they_o be_v at_o last_o discover_v by_o their_o bellow_n to_o be_v in_o cacus_n den_n now_o cacos_fw-la in_o greek_a signify_v evil_a which_o draw_v man_n backward_o by_o the_o tail_n as_o cacus_n do_v the_o ox_n whenc_n i_o do_v conclude_v that_o the_o say_v law_n and_o ordinance_n be_v hide_v in_o misseldens_n den_n for_o in_o his_o circle_n he_o will_v take_v no_o notice_n of_o they_o 9_o p._n 9_o but_o keep_v they_o back_o but_o thanks_n be_v give_v unto_o god_n and_o honour_n to_o the_o king_n who_o out_o of_o his_o princely_a care_n and_o providence_n have_v hercules_n strength_n to_o put_v the_o say_a law_n in_o execution_n to_o which_o purpose_n and_o to_o advance_v trade_n his_o highness_n have_v be_v gracious_o please_v first_o to_o grant_v a_o special_a committee_n to_o examine_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o trade_n next_o a_o especial_a commission_n direct_v to_o diverse_a noble_a personage_n and_o privy_a councillor_n of_o state_n associate_v with_o most_o worthy_a person_n of_o quality_n to_o divise_v wholesome_a remedy_n for_o these_o disease_n wherein_o they_o bestow_v unfatigable_a industry_n and_o pain_n to_o receive_v all_o information_n which_o may_v conduce_v they_o to_o find_v out_o the_o true_a remedy_n and_o discern_v they_o from_o all_o fallacy_n to_o they_o i_o doubt_v not_o my_o labour_n will_v be_v acceptable_a do_v free_o and_o sincere_o for_o the_o common_a good_a it_o may_v be_v that_o the_o reformation_n hereof_o have_v also_o be_v reserve_v until_o these_o day_n now_o the_o