Selected quad for the lemma: money_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
money_n	gold_n	piece_n	shilling_n	1,616	5	11.4024	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A07552	The customers replie. Or Second apologie That is to say, an aunswer to a confused treatise of publicke commerce, printed and dispersed at Midlebourghe and London, in fauour of the priuate Society of Merchants-Aduenturers. By a more serious discourse of exchange in merchandise, and merchandising exchange. Written for vnderstanding readers onely, in fauour of all loyall merchants, and for the aduancing of traffick in England.	Milles, Tho. (Thomas), 1550?-1627?	1604 (1604)	STC 17932; ESTC S114604	32,899	48

currant_n money_n in_o this_o foresay_a exchange_n by_o two_o penny_n four_o penny_n or_o six_o penny_n in_o a_o piece_n more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o quantity_n and_o substance_n it_o be_v of_o than_o it_o be_v by_o the_o prince_n and_o public_a authority_n of_o the_o country_n where_o it_o be_v first_o coin_a which_o policy_n in_o raise_v of_o money_n be_v chief_o practise_v of_o the_o banker_n of_o antwerp_n to_o allure_v merchant_n of_o all_o other_o part_n to_o bring_v thither_o ready_a money_n and_o therefore_o make_v they_o the_o coin_n of_o all_o other_o country_n more_o worth_a with_o they_o then_o in_o any_o other_o country_n else_o although_o they_o be_v not_o so_o allow_v and_o except_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o their_o country_n yet_o be_v thus_o value_v by_o they_o they_o be_v make_v the_o common_a currant_n money_n to_o buy_v and_o sell_v all_o manner_n of_o ware_n &_o merchandize_v there_o traffic_v and_o the_o way_n to_o pass_v and_o practice_v their_o exchange_n with_o and_o because_o they_o will_v not_o have_v the_o prince_n lawful_a money_n to_o be_v the_o mean_a to_o buy_v &_o sell_v all_o thing_n with_o they_o compound_v in_o all_o their_o contract_n bargain_n and_o exchange_n to_o have_v the_o payment_n make_v in_o this_o their_n invent_v money_n which_o they_o call_v currant_n money_n in_o merchandise_n and_o furthermore_o by_o this_o licentious_a liberty_n that_o they_o usurp_v in_o prise_v and_o value_v all_o prince_n money_n they_o make_v many_o sort_n of_o money_n currant_n among_o they_o which_o common_a authority_n do_v not_o permit_v nor_o allow_v to_o be_v payable_a nor_o currant_n in_o the_o country_n whereby_o they_o have_v great_o increase_v and_o advance_v the_o trade_n and_o concourse_n of_o merchant_n in_o those_o part_n and_o country_n notwithstanding_o therewithal_o have_v proceed_v the_o great_a occasion_n of_o the_o excessive_a price_n which_o reign_v upon_o ware_n merchandize_n and_o commodity_n in_o all_o country_n at_o this_o day_n chap._n vii_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o lawful_a exchange_n and_o merchandise_v exchange_n in_o the_o exchange_n which_o before_o be_v call_v tolerable_a and_o lawful_a exchange_n the_o price_n and_o valuation_n set_v forth_o by_o public_a authority_n be_v chief_o to_o be_v consider_v and_o regard_v in_o the_o money_n exchange_v thereby_o to_o the_o end_n that_o a_o just_a &_o equal_a payment_n may_v be_v make_v again_o thereof_o to_o the_o party_n that_o deliver_v his_o money_n by_o the_o say_a exchange_n as_o for_o example_n if_o the_o ambassador_n of_o a_o prince_n have_v need_n of_o 100_o li._n english_a to_o be_v pay_v he_o at_o antwerp_n and_o will_v deliver_v his_o 100_o li._n in_o london_n to_o have_v the_o just_a value_n thereof_o pay_v he_o again_o in_o flemish_a money_n at_o his_o or_o the_o come_n of_o his_o letter_n to_o antwerp_n here_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v only_o what_o and_o how_o much_o the_o english_a pound_n be_v worth_a flemish_a by_o the_o prince_n valuation_n of_o those_o party_n the_o valuation_n whereof_o be_v at_o the_o least_o xxii_o shilling_n and_o vi_o penny_n flemish_n after_o which_o valuation_n the_o hundred_o pound_n english_a shall_v make_v flemish_n 112._o li._n 10_o sh_n likewise_o if_o he_o will_v have_v a_o 100_o crown_n of_o the_o sun_n pay_v he_o in_o paris_n in_o france_n for_o the_o value_n thereof_o deliver_v in_o london_n by_o the_o exchange_n forsomuch_o as_o it_o be_v know_v that_o the_o french_a crown_n be_v value_v in_o england_n at_o vi_o sh_z english_z &_o in_o france_n it_o be_v value_v by_o the_o prince_n at_o 50._o sous_fw-fr now_o vi_o sh_n in_o enlish_n after_o 2._o sous_fw-fr and_o a_o half_a for_o the_o english_a grot_n amount_v to_o 45._o sous_fw-fr in_o the_o crown_n so_o that_o a_o hundred_o crown_n amount_v to_o 4500._o sous_fw-fr in_fw-la french_a and_o after_o the_o french_a valuation_n of_o the_o crown_n they_o amount_v to_o 5000._o sous_fw-fr so_o that_o for_o a_o hundred_o crown_n at_o the_o value_n thereof_o deliver_v in_o england_n by_o this_o lawful_a exchange_n he_o ought_v to_o receive_v in_o france_n 111._o crown_n 5._o sous_fw-fr as_o he_o do_v at_o antwerp_n for_o his_o 100_o li._n a_o 112._o li._n 10._o st_o flemish_n and_o this_o exchange_n may_v be_v make_v without_o the_o merchant_n three_o diversity_n and_o distance_n of_o time_n very_o well_o true_o and_o just_o because_o neither_o party_n seek_v to_o buy_v and_o sell_v money_n thereby_o but_o to_o commute_v and_o exchange_v it_o according_a to_o the_o just_a value_n give_v to_o the_o same_o by_o the_o prince_n and_o common_a authority_n of_o both_o country_n so_o that_o neither_o the_o taker_n nor_o deliverer_n shall_v have_v any_o more_o or_o less_o then_o that_o be_v due_a to_o they_o although_o the_o deliverer_n of_o the_o money_n do_v tarry_v or_o be_v content_v to_o tarry_v 15._o or_o 20._o day_n for_o the_o receit_n of_o his_o money_n the_o receivor_fw-la receive_v no_o damage_n nor_o hindrance_n thereby_o but_o rather_o commodity_n and_o profit_n nor_o yet_o the_o deliverer_n if_o he_o have_v his_o money_n to_o serve_v his_o purpose_n at_o the_o time_n appoint_v so_o that_o here_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o interest_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o any_o party_n for_o the_o forbear_n of_o money_n and_o sure_o this_o be_v only_o the_o use_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o exchange_n at_o the_o first_o beginning_n thereof_o to_o the_o which_o if_o it_o be_v restore_v again_o the_o prince_n ambassador_n of_o england_n lie_v in_o france_n and_o in_o other_o place_n shall_v not_o lose_v 7._o or_o 8._o in_o the_o hundred_o for_o two_o or_o three_o month_n space_n in_o take_v up_o of_o money_n for_o paris_n to_o be_v pay_v again_o at_o antwerp_n and_o from_o thence_o at_o london_n by_o merchandise_v exchange_n to_o do_v their_o prince_n and_o country_n service_n but_o shall_v rather_o be_v gainer_n by_o the_o lawful_a and_o honest_a exchange_n as_o reason_n and_o conscience_n declare_v they_o shall_v be_v and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o may_v the_o banker_n and_o cambiador_n be_v allow_v for_o his_o pain_n and_o labour_n for_o the_o receive_n and_o pay_v of_o the_o money_n somewhat_o after_o the_o old_a manner_n of_o spain_n and_o italy_n which_o be_v after_o the_o rate_n of_o three_o in_o the_o hundred_o for_o the_o year_n and_o so_o shall_v he_o not_o be_v evil_o pay_v therefore_o nor_o yet_o the_o payer_n and_o deliverer_n of_o the_o money_n by_o exchange_n over_o burden_a and_o charge_v as_o they_o be_v now_o a_o day_n eat_v out_o of_o house_n and_o home_n by_o merchandise_v exchange_n if_o only_o this_o lawful_a exchange_n be_v restore_v again_o for_o the_o pass_n of_o money_n from_o country_n to_o country_n contrariwise_o in_o this_o corrupt_a and_o crafty_a exchange_n and_o commutation_n of_o money_n the_o say_v public_a valuation_n of_o money_n be_v altogether_o neglect_v seclude_v and_o put_v out_o of_o mind_n and_o only_o the_o price_n and_o valuation_n that_o money_n have_v give_v to_o it_o by_o mere_a chance_n in_o the_o same_o exchange_n consider_v and_o pass_v upon_o and_o so_o neither_o can_v equality_n nor_o indifferency_n be_v observe_v in_o the_o payment_n again_o of_o the_o money_n take_v and_o deliver_v by_o the_o same_o exchange_n but_o that_o one_o of_o the_o party_n must_v be_v burden_a thereby_o nip_v and_o oppress_v for_o that_o it_o be_v buy_v &_o sell_v at_o low_a and_o high_a price_n than_o it_o ought_v to_o have_v by_o public_a authority_n according_a to_o the_o pleasure_n of_o merchant_n seek_v lucre_n and_o gain_n thereby_o as_o for_o example_n if_o one_o in_o london_n will_v have_v a_o hundred_o crown_n pay_v he_o in_o paris_n by_o that_o exchange_n first_o at_o his_o deliver_v in_o london_n of_o his_o 100_o crown_n he_o must_v compound_v &_o agree_v with_o he_o he_o make_v his_o exchange_n withal_o how_o much_o english_a money_n he_o shall_v deliver_v in_o london_n for_o every_o french-crown_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o paris_n again_o for_o the_o prince_n valuation_n will_v not_o serve_v but_o he_o must_v agree_v upon_o a_o new_a price_n of_o english_a money_n for_o the_o say_a crown_n so_o where_o it_o be_v worth_a in_o england_n by_o the_o prince_n valuation_n but_o uj_o shilling_n the_o exchanger_n will_v have_v six_o shilling_n four_o penny_n or_o six_o penny_n or_o peradventure_o a_o noble_a according_a as_o the_o occasion_n of_o time_n serve_v for_o every_o crown_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o paris_n and_o sometime_o more_o so_o that_o where_o by_o equity_n and_o conscience_n which_o be_v know_v by_o the_o prince_n and_o public_a valuation_n of_o the_o crown_n the_o deliverer_n of_o the_o money_n in_o england_n shall_v receive_v for_o his_o hundred_o crown_n deliver_v in_o england_n a_o hundred_o and_o eleven_o crown_n and_o five_o sous_fw-fr

regard_n of_o justice_n but_o their_o person_n shall_v die_v like_o men._n justice_n be_v distributive_a or_o commutative_a commutative_a justice_n enclude_v traffic_n the_o end_n of_o traffic_n be_v equality_n in_o supply_v necessity_n ut_fw-la quod_fw-la uspiam_fw-la nascitur_fw-la boni_fw-la id_fw-la apud_fw-la omnes_fw-la affluat_fw-la either_o by_o barter_v ware_n for_o ware_n or_o by_o some_o midd_n or_o mean_v certain_a and_o indifferent_a to_o prevent_v advantage_n the_o end_n therefore_o in_o traffic_n be_v equity_n and_o the_o use_n exchange_n the_o measure_n be_v by_o public_a consent_n of_o all_o nation_n call_v money_n and_o as_o the_o standart_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o measure_n for_o general_a justice_n like_o urim_n and_o thummim_n be_v the_o prince_n charge_v only_o give_v thereby_o weight_n and_o content_a length_n and_o breadth_n to_o all_o proportion_n so_o the_o coin_v of_o money_n and_o the_o valuation_n thereof_o be_v a_o measure_n of_o principal_a excellency_n and_o peculiar_a to_o traffic_n be_v immediate_o uni_fw-la soli_fw-la et_fw-la semper_fw-la a_o essential_a part_n of_o sovereign_a authority_n out_o of_o which_o premise_n this_o must_v be_v conclude_v that_o either_o to_o coin_v money_n or_o be_v coin_a to_o alter_v the_o true_a valuation_n thereof_o in_o what_o kind_n soever_o be_v in_o subject_n whosoever_o when_o and_o wheresoever_o to_o presume_v upon_o the_o majesty_n of_o sovereign_a prince_n to_o profane_v the_o sacred_a seat_n of_o justice_n to_o contemn_v public_a authority_n and_o in_o traffic_n to_o prevent_v and_o pervert_v all_o order_n and_o equity_n a_o capital_a sin_n against_o god_n and_o nature_n ¶_o thus_o much_o only_o be_v add_v by_o way_n of_o preface_n by_o the_o customer_n of_o the_o out-port_n who_o for_o the_o effect_n sake_n be_v every_o way_n bind_v to_o advance_v the_o cause_n that_o which_o follow_v of_o the_o matter_n and_o use_n of_o traffic_n be_v proper_a to_o merchant_n hear_v therefore_o a_o loyal_a merchant_n experience_n write_v in_o his_o own_o style_n and_o phrase_n of_o exchange_n in_o merchandise_n and_o marchandise_v exchange_n in_o order_n as_o follow_v tractent_fw-la fabrilia_fw-la fabri_fw-la chap._n i._o ¶_o the_o antiquity_n necessity_n and_o use_v of_o lawful_a exchange_n and_o a_o description_n thereof_o it_o be_v apparent_a to_o such_o as_o be_v conversant_a in_o record_n of_o time_n and_o old_a writer_n that_o the_o exercise_n of_o exchange_n be_v a_o thing_n of_o great_a antiquity_n bear_v with_o traffic_n itself_o and_o as_o it_o seem_v beget_v the_o first_o name_n and_o title_n of_o those_o which_o be_v call_v in_o latin_a numularii_n argentarii_fw-la and_o colybistae_n that_o be_v to_o say_v public_a and_o common_a exchanger_n and_o commutor_n of_o bullion_n strange_a and_o foreign_a coin_n to_o all_o manner_n of_o stranger_n for_o the_o lawful_a and_o current_a money_n of_o those_o country_n and_o commonwealth_n where_o the_o say_a exchange_n be_v proportion_v and_o authorise_v by_o the_o prince_n &_o governor_n of_o the_o same_o and_o because_o the_o office_n of_o exchange_v and_o courtesy_n of_o lend_v money_n in_o a_o commonwealth_n after_o a_o easy_a &_o tolerable_a reckon_n be_v very_o necessary_a and_o expedient_a the_o old_a civil_a law_n do_v grant_v and_o permit_v to_o this_o honest_a kind_n of_o exchange_n a_o certain_a rate_n in_o the_o hundred_o by_o the_o year_n for_o the_o interest_n of_o such_o money_n as_o be_v lend_v to_o such_o as_o have_v need_v and_o a_o certain_a exercise_n and_o use_v of_o the_o same_o be_v sometime_o allow_v and_o admit_v in_o england_n as_o when_o the_o table_n of_o exchange_n be_v set_v up_o &_o erect_v in_o diverse_a town_n thereof_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o and_o other_o king_n reign_v succeed_v he_o the_o exchanger_n &_o keeper_n of_o which_o table_n do_v change_v to_o all_o manner_n of_o foreign_a merchant_n and_o stranger_n which_o resort_v thither_o aswell_o bullion_n as_o all_o foreign_a coin_n and_o money_n which_o they_o bring_v thither_o for_o the_o currant_n money_n of_o the_o realm_n according_a to_o the_o prince_n just_a valuation_n thereof_o and_o this_o manner_n of_o exchange_n seem_v also_o to_o be_v the_o first_o occasion_n of_o the_o erect_n of_o those_o shop_n of_o exchange_n which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v call_v in_o spain_n and_o italy_n cambios_fw-la and_o bancos_fw-la which_o at_o the_o first_o institution_n of_o they_o be_v appoint_v for_o great_a safeguard_n and_o commodity_n of_o such_o as_o have_v money_n for_o that_o they_o may_v without_o danger_n lie_v into_o the_o say_a cambios_fw-la and_o banckes_n as_o it_o be_v in_o deposito_fw-la what_o sum_n of_o money_n they_o will_v for_o the_o which_o the_o cambiador_n and_o bankar_n will_v be_v answerable_a as_o for_o a_o thing_n deposit_v and_o commit_v to_o their_o custody_n and_o will_v also_o make_v payment_n thereof_o according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o say_a depositor_n which_o far_o do_v use_v to_o change_v silver_n for_o gold_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o foreign_a coin_n and_o money_n for_o the_o lawful_a and_o current_a money_n of_o those_o country_n and_o that_o according_a to_o the_o lawful_a valuation_n of_o the_o same_o and_o moreover_o by_o these_o cambiador_n or_o bankar_n sometime_o there_o be_v way_n and_o mean_v take_v to_o make_v exchange_n of_o money_n from_o one_o country_n to_o another_o for_o such_o as_o have_v occasion_n for_o to_o travel_v and_o pass_v country_n likewise_o according_a to_o the_o just_a and_o public_a valuation_n of_o such_o coin_n and_o money_n the_o reward_n and_o salary_n of_o cambiador_n for_o their_o labour_n and_o pain_n in_o keep_v money_n exchange_v white_a money_n for_o gold_n or_o foreign_a coin_n for_o the_o lawful_a and_o current_a money_n of_o spain_n within_o this_o thirty_o year_n be_v not_o above_o two_o and_o a_o half_a in_o the_o thousand_o for_o the_o space_n of_o on_o fair_a which_o common_o endure_v there_o six_o week_n and_o this_o interest_n and_o gain_n amount_v not_o above_o three_o in_o the_o hundred_o for_o the_o whole_a year_n this_o manner_n of_o exchange_n be_v not_o only_o to_o be_v suffer_v &_o permit_v in_o a_o commonwealth_n but_o as_o it_o appear_v very_o necessary_a expedient_a and_o commodious_a to_o the_o same_o not_o only_o for_o the_o exchange_v of_o bullion_n and_o coin_n within_o the_o self_n same_o realm_n and_o commonwealth_n but_o also_o for_o the_o pass_n of_o money_n from_o one_o country_n to_o another_o for_o such_o as_o have_v affair_n to_o travel_v country_n as_o the_o ambassador_n of_o prince_n do_v whereby_o be_v diverse_a peril_n avoid_v that_o they_o shall_v run_v in_o carry_v of_o ready_a money_n about_o they_o so_o that_o the_o say_a exchange_n be_v not_o practise_v of_o such_o as_o traffic_v merchandise_n and_o will_v employ_v their_o money_n so_o exchange_v again_o in_o ware_n and_o commodity_n to_o be_v return_v into_o their_o own_o country_n for_o to_o all_o such_o the_o say_a exchange_n be_v always_o prohibit_v in_o england_n as_o a_o thing_n discommodious_a and_o pernicious_a both_o to_o the_o prince_n and_o commonwealth_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o diverse_a act_n of_o parliament_n provide_v to_o that_o end_n describe_v exchange_n describe_v ¶_o exchange_v therefore_o be_v a_o certain_a lawful_a kind_n of_o commutation_n and_o change_v of_o money_n appoint_v by_o the_o public_a authority_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n either_o for_o the_o change_n of_o bullion_n strange_a and_o foreign_a coin_n bring_v thither_o according_a to_o such_o valuation_n as_o the_o say_a bullion_n and_o coin_n have_v or_o be_v esteem_v at_o by_o the_o common_a authority_n of_o the_o same_o commonwealth_n and_o country_n or_o else_o it_o be_v a_o certain_a mean_n for_o the_o commutation_n and_o exchange_v of_o money_n from_o one_o realm_n or_o country_n to_o another_o according_a to_o the_o just_a and_o lawful_a valuation_n of_o money_n price_v &_o set_v forth_o by_o the_o public_a authority_n of_o such_o country_n and_o realm_n chap._n ii_o how_o merchant_n have_v devise_v and_o introduce_v another_o kind_n of_o exchange_n but_o under_o the_o colour_n and_o pretence_n of_o this_o lawful_a exchange_n and_o commutation_n of_o money_n merchant_n of_o late_a year_n have_v devise_v and_o bring_v up_o another_o manner_n of_o exchange_n of_o coin_n to_o the_o which_o they_o do_v also_o common_o give_v this_o plain_a and_o simple_a name_n exchange_v when_o indeed_o it_o be_v not_o so_o but_o a_o mere_a faeneration_n and_o a_o make_v a_o ware_n and_o merchandise_n of_o money_n for_o that_o in_o the_o same_o and_o by_o the_o same_o they_o buy_v and_o sell_v raise_v and_o abate_v the_o price_n of_o money_n as_o well_o as_o they_o do_v raise_v and_o abate_v the_o price_n of_o any_o other_o ware_n &_o merchandize_n they_o traffic_v in_o wherefore_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v call_v simple_o exchange_n but_o

proper_o and_o apt_o to_o be_v call_v the_o merchandize_v of_o money_n yet_o because_o that_o through_o the_o practice_n and_o policy_n of_o merchant_n special_o trade_v &_o frequent_v the_o mart_n of_o antwerp_n and_o the_o fair_n of_o lion_n for_o the_o pass_n of_o money_n from_o place_n to_o place_n by_o the_o same_o which_o also_o be_v do_v after_o a_o certain_a sort_n and_o kind_n of_o exchange_v and_o commute_v of_o money_n it_o may_v convenient_o be_v call_v &_o have_v the_o name_n of_o merchandize_v exchange_n forasmuch_o as_o money_n pass_v and_o exchange_v after_o this_o way_n and_o manner_n must_v be_v pay_v again_o according_a to_o the_o condition_n and_o compact_n take_v and_o agree_v upon_o with_o the_o merchant_n for_o the_o price_n &_o valuation_n thereof_o and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o just_a &_o lawful_a valuation_n it_o have_v by_o any_o public_a authority_n of_o that_o commonwealth_n which_o be_v author_n of_o the_o say_a money_n the_o which_o temerarius_fw-la alteration_n of_o public_a coin_n &_o money_n be_v the_o principal_a foundation_n of_o the_o say_a exchange_n and_o of_o the_o gain_n and_o lucre_n proceed_v of_o the_o same_o for_o the_o love_n &_o greediness_n whereof_o the_o other_o lawful_a exchange_n be_v exile_v and_o expel_v both_o out_o of_o spain_n and_o italy_n and_o through_o the_o frequent_v thereof_o the_o trade_n of_o merchandise_n be_v corrupt_v in_o all_o country_n and_o special_o in_o england_n by_o the_o busy_a practise_v thereof_o of_o merchant_n between_o antwerp_n and_o england_n which_o have_v bring_v many_o inconvenience_n unto_o this_o commonwealth_n &_o be_v thereby_o the_o only_a author_n why_o all_o manner_n of_o ware_n and_o merchandize_v bear_v such_o excessive_a price_n as_o they_o do_v at_o this_o day_n within_o the_o realm_n as_o hereafter_o shall_v be_v declare_v by_o the_o open_n of_o certain_a circumstance_n essential_o appertain_v to_o the_o same_o exchange_n without_o the_o which_o it_o can_v neither_o be_v understand_v nor_o practise_v and_o so_o shall_v it_o evident_o appear_v that_o all_o th'inormity_n disorder_v the_o price_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o thing_n vendible_a in_o the_o commonwealth_n have_v their_o original_n from_o thence_o chap._n iii_o the_o compact_n and_o condition_n common_o agree_v upon_o in_o merchandise_v exchange_n first_o the_o taker_n and_o receiver_n of_o money_n by_o this_o exchange_n must_v compound_v &_o agree_v with_o the_o deliverer_n of_o the_o same_o at_o what_o distance_n of_o time_n the_o say_a money_n shall_v be_v pay_v again_o in_o a_o foreign_a country_n or_o city_n appoint_v for_o the_o payment_n thereof_o for_o there_o be_v three_o kind_n of_o diversity_n and_o distance_n of_o time_n most_o common_o in_o use_n at_o this_o day_n among_o merchant_n for_o the_o repayment_n of_o such_o money_n as_o be_v take_v and_o deliver_v by_o this_o exchange_n second_o the_o taker_n and_o receivor_fw-la of_o money_n by_o this_o exchange_n must_v compound_v and_o agree_v with_o the_o deliverer_n thereof_o to_o make_v payment_n again_o in_o the_o foreign_a country_n according_a as_o the_o same_o money_n receive_v be_v value_v by_o the_o merchant_n to_o be_v worth_a in_o the_o currant_n money_n of_o the_o same_o foreign_a country_n and_o according_a to_o the_o price_n and_o valuation_n the_o say_a currant_n money_n have_v in_o this_o their_o merchandise_v exchange_n and_o not_o after_o the_o prince_n just_a valuation_n of_o the_o same_o money_n chap._n four_o the_o term_n of_o art_n proper_a to_o marchandise_v exchange_n by_o diversity_n of_o time_n and_o distance_n of_o place_n the_o first_o kind_n of_o diversity_n merchant_n call_v the_o take_n and_o deliver_v of_o money_n at_o sight_n sigh_n at_o sigh_n the_o custom_n whereof_o in_o this_o exchange_n &_o commutation_n compel_v the_o receivor_fw-la of_o the_o money_n upon_o a_o little_a schedule_n or_o bill_n contain_v the_o sum_n &_o value_n of_o the_o foreign_a coin_n and_o money_n which_o must_v be_v pay_v again_o to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o deliverer_n immediate_o as_o the_o say_a schedule_n &_o bill_n shall_v be_v show_v and_o present_v by_o the_o deliverer_n or_o his_o factor_n to_o the_o factor_n or_o servant_n of_o the_o say_a taker_n and_o receivor_fw-la of_o money_n or_o else_o to_o his_o own_o self_n the_o second_o be_v to_o take_v and_o deliver_v money_n by_o or_o at_o usance_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o this_o diversity_n compel_v the_o taker_n of_o money_n by_o this_o exchange_n upon_o his_o bill_n or_o schedule_n to_o pay_v the_o value_n thereof_o again_o in_o foreign_a coin_n or_o money_n at_o the_o end_n of_o one_o month_n next_o immediate_o end_v after_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o make_n of_o the_o exchange_n in_o the_o town_n or_o city_n appoint_v thereunto_o in_o the_o say_v schedule_n either_o by_o himself_o his_o factor_n or_o servant_n this_o space_n of_o time_n of_o one_o month_n be_v limit_v for_o this_o second_o distance_n of_o time_n in_o this_o marchandise_v exchange_n usance_n usance_n call_v usance_n between_o london_n and_o antwerp_n and_o other_o mart_a town_n thereabouts_o by_o the_o banker_n and_o exchanger_n of_o the_o same_o exchange_n the_o three_o be_v call_v double_a usance_n usance_n double_a usance_n by_o the_o use_n and_o custom_n whereof_o the_o taker_n and_o receiver_n of_o money_n by_o the_o same_o exchange_n be_v compel_v by_o his_o bill_n or_o schedule_n to_o pay_v the_o value_n thereof_o again_o in_o foreign_a money_n at_o the_o end_n of_o two_o month_n next_o immediate_o end_v after_o the_o day_n that_o the_o money_n be_v first_o take_v up_o by_o exchange_n either_o by_o himself_o factor_n or_o servant_n in_o the_o place_n appoint_v and_o assign_v thereunto_o by_o the_o say_a schedule_n and_o here_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o these_o two_o latter_a distance_n of_o time_n be_v make_v long_a and_o short_a for_o the_o payment_n of_o money_n take_v up_o by_o the_o same_o after_o the_o diversity_n of_o any_o of_o the_o say_v two_o kind_n according_a to_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o place_n for_o the_o which_o the_o say_v exchange_n be_v or_o shall_v be_v make_v at_o any_o time_n chap._n v._o the_o diversity_n of_o price_n of_o money_n currant_n in_o merchandise_v exchange_n according_a to_o the_o distance_n of_o place_n and_o difference_n of_o time_n like_a as_o the_o time_n and_o space_n limit_v to_o every_o diversity_n and_o distance_n of_o time_n &_o place_n of_o this_o merchandise_v exchange_n differ_v and_o vary_v one_o from_o another_o between_o england_n and_o antwerp_n and_o other_o mart_a town_n thereabouts_o so_o have_v th'english_fw-fr pound_n pass_v by_o this_o exchange_n between_o the_o one_o country_n and_o the_o other_o at_o diverse_a and_o sundry_a price_n differ_v one_o from_o another_o according_a to_o the_o time_n it_o be_v exchange_v for_o from_o the_o one_o place_n to_o the_o other_o first_o the_o price_n of_o the_o english_a pound_n exchange_v at_o sight_n differ_v from_o the_o same_o pound_n value_v by_o any_o prince_n or_o public_a authority_n ordinary_o four_o or_o five_o penny_n in_o the_o pound_n second_o the_o price_n of_o th'english_fw-fr pound_n exchange_v for_o usance_n differ_v from_o the_o same_o pound_n deliver_v and_o take_v for_o sight_n ordinary_o five_o or_o six_o penny_n in_o the_o pound_n three_o the_o price_n of_o the_o same_o pound_n take_v and_o exchange_v for_o double_a usance_n differ_v from_o the_o pound_n by_o usance_n vi_fw-la or_o seven_o penny_n so_o that_o a_o english_a pound_n exchange_v by_o this_o last_o distance_n of_o time_n differ_v in_o price_n from_o a_o pound_n take_v up_o by_o the_o first_o difference_n of_o time_n twelve_o or_o xiii_o penny_n in_o the_o say_a pound_n many_o other_o diversity_n as_o well_o of_o time_n as_o of_o money_n be_v and_o may_v be_v practise_v &_o exercise_v in_o this_o merchandise_v exchange_n whereof_o to_o discourse_v particular_o be_v too_o long_o and_o tedious_a forsomuch_o as_o this_o brief_a declaration_n of_o these_o diversity_n before_o recite_v may_v suffice_v not_o only_o for_o the_o perceive_v and_o understand_v of_o the_o same_o but_o also_o for_o all_o other_o that_o be_v or_o may_v be_v practise_v in_o the_o say_v merchandise_v exchange_n for_o as_o these_o three_o price_n differ_v proportional_o one_o from_o another_o according_a to_o the_o rate_n and_o distance_n of_o time_n so_o do_v all_o other_o price_n thereof_o according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o time_n they_o be_v pass_v for_o chap._n vi_o the_o manner_n of_o raise_v the_o valuation_n of_o money_n in_o merchandise_v exchange_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o just_a and_o lawful_a valuation_n of_o money_n can_v maintain_v this_o subtle_a merchandise_v exchange_n every_o piece_n of_o gold_n and_o great_a piece_n of_o silver_n set_v forth_o &_o currant_n in_o any_o commonwealth_n be_v always_o of_o more_o valuation_n after_o that_o it_o be_v

give_v &_o proclaim_v by_o their_o prince_n commonwealth_n merchant_n govern_v the_o commonwealth_n so_o that_o merchant_n bring_v all_o man_n to_o follow_v their_o bow_n as_o concern_v the_o estimation_n of_o english_a money_n where_o they_o in_o the_o mean_a season_n pass_v not_o what_o they_o give_v in_o england_n for_o the_o commodity_n thereof_o though_o they_o sell_v they_o to_o no_o profit_n at_o the_o mart_n because_o the_o return_v of_o the_o money_n from_o the_o marting-towne_n by_o their_o merchandise_v exchange_n be_v so_o profitable_a and_o gainful_a unto_o they_o during_o this_o base_a and_o low_a price_n of_o exchange_n likewise_o whereas_o the_o queen_n majesty_n elizabeth_n elizabeth_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o her_o prudent_a and_o grave_a counsellor_n move_v with_o great_a love_n zeal_n and_o pity_n towards_o all_o state_n of_o person_n but_o special_o towards_o the_o poor_a sort_n oppress_v and_o burden_a with_o the_o excessive_a price_n of_o all_o thing_n vendible_a within_o her_o grace_n realm_n which_o spring_v and_o rise_v as_o the_o common_a fame_n go_v by_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o drossy_a and_o monstrous_a base-money_n currant_n and_o set_v forth_o or_o at_o the_o least_o way_n permit_v to_o be_v currant_n and_o set_v forth_o by_o her_o grace_n predecessor_n throughout_o the_o realm_n like_o a_o most_o godly_a and_o love_a princess_n have_v take_v away_o and_o abolish_v all_o the_o say_a course_n and_o drossy_a money_n &_o coin_n and_o for_o it_o restore_v as_o fine_a silver_n coin_n as_o ever_o be_v currant_n in_o the_o realm_n before_o or_o rather_o fine_a hope_v meaning_n and_o intend_v thereby_o to_o have_v take_v away_o therewith_o the_o corrupnesse_n and_o drossine_n of_o price_n which_o likewise_o all_o thing_n sell_v in_o her_o majesty_n realm_n at_o the_o time_n be_v corrupt_v with_o as_o without_o doubt_n if_o no_o subtle_a policy_n have_v come_v between_o to_o have_v let_v and_o stop_v her_o grace_n wholesome_a purpose_n therein_o it_o will_v have_v effect_v for_o some_o likelihood_n thereof_o begin_v a_o little_a while_n to_o appear_v by_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o price_n of_o victual_n at_o the_o market_n when_o it_o be_v first_o noise_v and_o bruit_v abroad_o that_o by_o a_o certain_a day_n appoint_v and_o limit_v no_o money_n but_o such_o as_o be_v of_o fine_a silver_n or_o gold_n set_v forth_o by_o her_o majesty_n or_o by_o her_o grace_n predecessor_n shall_v be_v paiable_a or_o currant_n thereafter_o within_o the_o realm_n and_o that_o all_o the_o drossy_a coin_n shall_v be_v bring_v to_o her_o mint_n of_o london_n where_o every_o man_n shall_v receive_v for_o the_o same_o pure_a and_o fine_a silver_n money_n of_o her_o grace_n coin_n whereat_o all_o person_n much_o rejoice_v although_o for_o the_o present_a every_o state_n of_o the_o realm_n know_v they_o shall_v receive_v a_o loss_n thereby_o yet_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o benefit_n that_o be_v to_o a_o good_a will_n but_o here_o blind_a covetousness_n with_o greedy_a gain_n and_o lucre_n reign_v in_o the_o marting-merchant_n stir_v up_o their_o wit_n to_o practice_v their_o old_a subtle_a policy_n for_o the_o save_n of_o their_o state_n from_o loss_n which_o be_v to_o bring_v down_o and_o abase_v the_o english_a pound_n in_o their_o merchandise_v exchange_n for_o the_o return_v home_o of_o their_o money_n into_o england_n from_o their_o marting-towne_n at_o the_o other_o side_n the_o sea_n and_o as_o they_o do_v before_o in_o the_o bless_a time_n of_o king_n edward_n so_o now_o at_o the_o first_o bruit_n and_o rumour_n of_o this_o queen_n most_o noble_a and_o ever_o praisable_a enterprise_n they_o cause_v the_o price_n of_o her_o pound_n of_o money_n to_o be_v value_v in_o their_o exchange_n but_o at_o 16._o and_o 17._o ss_z flemish_n by_o which_o occasion_n as_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v before_o at_o other_o reformation_n of_o money_n the_o price_n of_o all_o those_o country_n commodity_n and_o also_o of_o all_o other_o foreign_a nation_n and_o country_n do_v not_o only_o keep_v their_o old_a excessive_a and_o dear_a price_n in_o england_n but_o do_v rather_o increase_v and_o wax_v high_o and_o so_o do_v likewise_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o realm_n follow_v after_o not_o only_o because_o foreign_a ware_n do_v so_o but_o special_o for_o the_o hastiness_n man_n make_v to_o bestow_v their_o money_n upon_o they_o by_o the_o example_n of_o the_o merchant_n adventurer_n who_o spare_v not_o to_o buy_v all_o manner_n of_o ware_n transportable_a beyond_o the_o sea_n at_o what_o price_n soever_o be_v demand_v for_o they_o for_o that_o this_o return_v home_o of_o money_n by_o exchange_n make_v they_o great_a gainer_n and_o will_v be_v a_o way_n &_o mean_v if_o the_o worst_a fell_a to_o keep_v and_o save_v they_o from_o all_o loss_n and_o danger_n in_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o money_n which_o all_o other_o state_n and_o condition_n have_v their_o traffic_n within_o the_o realm_n look_v to_o have_v sustain_v and_o bear_v by_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o say_a money_n which_o these_o merchant_n adventurer_n do_v provide_v to_o avoid_v through_o this_o their_o peculiar_a traffic_n and_o practice_v by_o toss_v and_o turn_v their_o money_n between_o england_n and_o their_o marting-towne_n by_o the_o say_v merchandise_v exchange_n for_o although_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o they_o transport_v to_o the_o mart_n rise_v from_o 4._o li._n to_o 6._o li._n and_o 7._o li._n english_a yet_o may_v they_o sell_v they_o at_o the_o mart_n as_o good_a cheap_a as_o ever_o they_o do_v and_o be_v great_a gainer_n then_o in_o time_n past_a for_o so_o much_o as_o though_o customable_o they_o do_v make_v afore_o time_n 30._o &_o 34._o ss_z flemish_n of_o a_o pound_n english_a in_o their_o sale_n after_o which_o rate_n they_o make_v 6._o and_o 7._o pound_n 8._o ss_z flemish_a of_o 4._o li._n english_a and_o so_o 150._o pound_n and_o 160._o li._n flemish_n of_o a_o 100_o li._n english_a yet_o because_o they_o return_v their_o money_n by_o exchange_n at_o that_o time_n after_o 28._o ss_z and_o 30._o ss_z or_o 32._o ss_z flemish_n for_o the_o english_a pound_n their_o gain_n pass_v not_o above_o 13._o in_o the_o hundred_o where_o now_o sell_v their_o commodity_n at_o the_o say_a price_n of_o 6._o &_o 7._o li._n flemish_n though_o they_o pay_v also_o for_o they_o so_o much_o in_o england_n of_o english_a money_n after_o which_o reckon_v they_o do_v or_o do_v make_v of_o 100_o li._n english_a but_o 100_o flemish_a yet_o return_v home_o their_o money_n after_o this_o reckon_n and_o low_a exchange_n of_o 16._o and_o 17._o ss_z flemish_n for_o the_o english_a pound_n they_o get_v between_o 17._o &_o 25._o in_o the_o hundred_o notwithstanding_o they_o sell_v not_o under_o 24._o &_o 26._o ss_z flemish_n for_o the_o pound_n english_a during_o the_o say_a low_a exchange_n after_o which_o rate_n although_o they_o make_v but_o 120._o &_o 130._o li._n flemish_n of_o their_o 100_o li._n english_a yet_o make_v they_o in_o england_n at_o the_o return_n of_o their_o money_n by_o the_o foresay_a low_a exchange_n above_o 150._o and_o 160._o li._n english_a of_o their_o 100_o li._n transport_v first_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o mart_n by_o which_o manner_n of_o reckon_n ☜_o their_o gain_n rise_v to_o above_o 50._o and_o 60._o in_o the_o 100_o for_o the_o space_n of_o one_o mart._n and_o so_o by_o this_o policy_n of_o merchandise_v exchange_n merchant_n adventurer_n have_v not_o only_o save_v themselves_o at_o all_o fall_v of_o money_n pass_v in_o england_n &_o have_v hinder_v the_o queen_n majesty_n purpose_n note_n note_n for_o the_o bring_n down_o of_o the_o excessive_a price_n of_o thing_n in_o the_o utter_a abolish_n of_o all_o the_o drossy_a &_o corrupt_a money_n in_o the_o realm_n but_o therewithal_o they_o have_v be_v evermore_o the_o occasion_n and_o author_n of_o the_o disorder_n and_o of_o the_o raise_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o ware_n and_o commodity_n in_o the_o realm_n more_o and_o more_o to_o such_o excessive_a and_o inordinate_a price_n as_o either_o they_o have_v bear_v or_o do_v bear_v at_o this_o day_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o other_o kind_n of_o state_n or_o person_n in_o the_o realm_n that_o either_o can_v have_v devise_v or_o else_o that_o go_v about_o to_o frustrate_v her_o majesty_n purpose_n in_o reduce_v all_o the_o base_a coin_n to_o so_o pure_a or_o fine_a substance_n or_o matter_n but_o only_o these_o merchant_n adventurer_n by_o the_o practice_n of_o their_o fraudulent_a exchange_n for_o all_o other_o manner_n of_o person_n of_o the_o realm_n will_v glad_o have_v bear_v the_o loss_n of_o the_o money_n according_a to_o the_o queen_n majesty_n meaning_n because_o they_o perceive_v that_o they_o shall_v thereby_o thereafter_o save_v more_o for_o the_o buy_n of_o thing_n at_o moderate_a and_o