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Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
money_n gold_n penny_n shilling_n 1,388 5 10.8599 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A35425 An essay towards the recovery of the Jewish measures & weights, comprehending their monies, by help of ancient standards, compared with ours of England useful also to state many of those of the Greeks and Romans, and the eastern nations / by Richard Cumberland ... Cumberland, Richard, 1631-1718. 1686 (1686) Wing C7581; ESTC R14108 50,390 164

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with_o its_o appoint_a alloy_n there_o be_v coin_v in_o gold_n coin_n the_o value_n of_o 3_o pound_n sterling_a 14_o shilling_n and_o 2_o penny_n which_o be_v express_v in_o shilling_n and_o decimal_n thereof_o thus_o sh._n 74.1664_o wherefore_o suppose_v the_o daric_a gold_n and_o we_o of_o the_o same_o goodness_n we_o may_v find_v its_o value_n in_o our_o money_n by_o this_o analogism_n as_o the_o ounce_n troy_n which_o be_v 480_o grain_n be_v to_o the_o doric_a which_o be_v 132_o grain_n so_o be_v sh._n 74.166_o to_o sh._n 20.395_o the_o four_o term_n show_v that_o the_o daric_a amount_n to_o 20_o shilling_n and_o about_o 4_o penny_n which_o be_v about_o a_o three_o part_n of_o a_o shilling_n and_o by_o the_o same_o method_n the_o whole_a sum_n of_o darics_n which_o we_o translate_v drachm_n in_o ezra_n may_v be_v compute_v hottinger_n have_v suggest_v that_o darchemon_n be_v derive_v from_o a_o ancient_a persian_a word_n dram_n signify_v both_o a_o coin_n and_o a_o weight_n of_o twelve_o cherats_n what_o those_o be_v he_o inform_v we_o not_o but_o i_o find_v in_o arias_n montanus_n de_fw-fr siclo_fw-la the_o arabian_a cherat_o to_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o hebrew_n gerah_n by_o a_o usual_a change_n of_o g_z into_z ch_z and_o that_o it_o signify_v a_o siliqua_fw-la or_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o carob_n tree_n and_o that_o he_o weigh_v twenty_o such_o against_o his_o shekel_n and_o find_v they_o equal_v thereunto_o hence_o i_o gather_v that_o each_o cherat_o weigh_v 11_o grain_n troy_n and_o therefore_o twelve_o of_o they_o amount_v to_o 132_o grain_n which_o agree_v with_o our_o former_a investigation_n of_o the_o daric_a and_o show_v the_o persian_a drachm_n to_o be_v just_o double_a to_o the_o attic_a now_o though_o i_o know_v such_o a_o cherat_o differ_v much_o from_o the_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o dioscorides_n and_o cleopatra_n yet_o in_o this_o estimate_n of_o a_o eastern_a coin_n i_o prefer_v arias_n montanus_n his_o eye_n and_o his_o scale_n attest_v the_o weight_n of_o a_o siliqua_fw-la or_o cherat_o before_o the_o testimony_n of_o those_o fragment_n which_o in_o many_o instance_n be_v corrupt_v because_o the_o roman_a coin_n mention_v in_o the_o new_a testament_n have_v some_o relation_n to_o the_o shekel_n be_v several_a of_o they_o often_o exchange_v for_o it_o and_o all_o of_o they_o part_n of_o the_o roman_a ounce_n which_o we_o have_v show_v to_o be_v two_o shekel_n i_o shall_v brief_o on_o this_o occasion_n state_n their_o weight_n and_o value_v reduce_v to_o we_o the_o only_a silver_n coin_n of_o the_o roman_n there_o speak_v of_o be_v the_o denarius_fw-la which_o under_o the_o caesar_n in_o who_o time_n christ_n and_o the_o apostle_n live_v be_v a_o little_a less_o than_o the_o consular_fw-la denarius_fw-la of_o which_o greaves_n have_v write_v very_o learned_o by_o help_v of_o some_o of_o they_o which_o have_v fall_v under_o my_o examination_n and_o by_o take_v half_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o aurei_fw-la of_o such_o caesar_n which_o greaves_n have_v give_v we_o and_o prove_v that_o their_o denarii_fw-la be_v subduple_v thereunto_o i_o estimate_v their_o weight_n to_o be_v about_o 60_o grain_n of_o our_o troy_n ounce_n hence_o their_o value_n in_o proportion_n to_o our_o money_n which_o now_o have_v 62_o penny_n in_o a_o ounce_n troy_n be_v 7_o penny_n 3_o farthing_n the_o other_o roman_a coin_n mention_v in_o scripture_n be_v copper_n and_o be_v all_o know_a part_n of_o the_o roman_a as_o or_o assis_n which_o before_o and_o long_o after_o christ_n time_n be_v just_o half_a a_o roman_a ounce_n and_o so_o equal_a in_o weight_n to_o the_o shekel_n but_o its_o value_n be_v but_o the_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o denarius_fw-la which_o be_v in_o our_o money_n but_o three_o farthing_n and_o a_o ten_o of_o a_o farthing_n thus_o write_v f_z 3_o 1._o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o assarium_fw-la mention_v matth._n 10.29_o which_o be_v determine_v by_o cleopatra_n to_o be_v ¼_n of_o the_o ounce_n must_v in_o value_n of_o our_o coin_n be_v f._n 1.55_o a_o farthing_n and_o a_o half_a hence_o also_o quadrant_n mention_v matth._n 5.26_o which_o be_v ¼_n of_o as_o or_o 1_o ●●_o of_o their_o ounce_n be_v little_a above_o three_o quarter_n of_o our_o farthing_n exact_o .77_o centesimal_n of_o it_o and_o half_o this_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o we_o translate_v a_o mite_n be_v .38_o centesimal_n of_o a_o farthing_n or_o about_o a_o three_o part_n of_o a_o farthing_n yet_o be_v in_o weight_n half_a a_o drachm_n of_o their_o ounce_n mention_v mark._n 12.42_o the_o weight_n less_o than_o shekel_n be_v thus_o state_v thereby_o we_o shall_v second_o pass_v to_o the_o determination_n of_o those_o which_o be_v great_a and_o may_v be_v call_v sum_n of_o shekel_n i._o the_o talon_n ii_o the_o maneh_n i._o a_o talon_n be_v 3000_o shekel_n as_o may_v be_v collect_v by_o halve_v the_o number_n of_o the_o israelite_n because_o each_o one_o bring_v half_a a_o shekel_n which_o half_a of_o their_o number_n be_v 301775_o and_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o the_o shekel_n which_o they_o all_o contribute_v now_o moses_n assure_v we_o exod._n 38.25_o 26._o that_o these_o amount_v to_o 100_o talent_n with_o 1775_o shekel_n more_o wherefore_o that_o number_n which_o divide_v 301775_o will_v quote_v 100_o and_o leave_v 1775_o in_o remainder_n be_v the_o number_n of_o shekel_n in_o a_o talon_n but_o only_o 3000_o will_n do_v this_o therefore_o 3000_o shekel_n be_v a_o talon_n hence_o we_o may_v easy_o reduce_v the_o talon_n to_o ounce_n or_o pound_n averdupoise_v use_v in_o weight_n among_o we_o for_o we_o have_v show_v two_o shekel_n to_o be_v our_o ounce_n averdupoise_v therefore_o 1500_o ounce_n be_v in_o a_o talon_n which_o number_n divide_v by_o 16_o the_o ounce_n of_o a_o pound_n averdupoise_v give_v the_o pound_n averdupoise_v in_o a_o talon_n thus_o 16_o 1500_o 93.75_o the_o quote_v show_v that_o 93_o pound_n and_o three_o quarter_n of_o a_o pound_n averdupoise_v be_v in_o a_o talon_n this_o weight_n be_v the_o same_o now_o and_o in_o former_a age_n but_o the_o value_n of_o this_o weight_n of_o silver_n or_o gold_n alter_v in_o several_a age_n considerable_o as_o coin_n do_v every_o where_n however_o the_o value_n of_o a_o talon_n 1._o of_o silver_n 2._o of_o gold_n in_o money_n now_o use_v may_v be_v thus_o state_v 1._o every_o shekel_n be_v in_o penny_n of_o our_o present_a silver_n money_n 28.2875_o for_o i_o now_o complete_a the_o decimal_n of_o a_o penny_n former_o omit_v in_o estimate_n of_o a_o single_a shekel_n as_o inconsiderable_a but_o now_o be_v to_o be_v multiply_v by_o 3000_o they_o will_v grow_v considerable_a and_o give_v the_o penny_n of_o a_o talon_n to_o be_v 84862.5_o these_o divide_v by_o 12_o give_v the_o shilling_n thereof_o 7071.875_o the_o shilling_n and_o decimal_n thereof_o divide_v by_o 20_o give_v the_o pound_n sterling_a and_o part_n thereof_o l._n 353.59375_o the_o decimal_n be_v equal_a to_o 11_o shilling_n 10_o penny_n halfpenny_n 2._o a_o talon_n of_o gold_n may_v hence_o be_v value_v compendious_o thus_o gold_n be_v now_o to_o silver_n of_o the_o same_o weight_n as_o 14.356_o to_o 1_o wherefore_o multiply_v the_o silver_n talent_n l._n 353.59375_o by_o 14.356_o the_o product_n will_v be_v 5076.191875_o which_o be_v 5067_o l._n 3_o s._n 10_o d._n the_o value_n of_o gold_n above_o silver_n have_v grow_v since_o the_o roman_a consul_n time_n from_z 10_o to_z above_z 14_o and_o a_o three_o and_o i_o guess_v it_o will_v grow_v still_o high_o second_o and_o last_o by_o help_n of_o the_o shekel_n we_o come_v to_o understand_v the_o jewish_a maneh_n which_o be_v a_o round_a number_n of_o shekel_n but_o with_o some_o variety_n in_o the_o number_n thereof_o the_o best_a result_n of_o my_o search_n into_o this_o be_v in_o these_o two_o proposition_n 1._o that_o maneh_n be_v set_v for_o a_o mere_a weight_n without_o respect_n to_o coinage_n contain_v just_o 100_o shekel_n this_o seem_v clear_a by_o compare_v 1_o king_n 10.17_o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o in_o each_o of_o solomon_n shield_n be_v three_o maneh_n or_o as_o we_o translate_v it_o pound_n of_o gold_n with_o 2_o chron._n 9.16_o where_o our_o translation_n affirm_v that_o 3000_o shekel_n of_o gold_n go_v to_o one_o of_o those_o shield_n and_o indeed_o although_o the_o word_n shekel_n be_v not_o in_o the_o original_a express_v yet_o it_o must_v be_v understand_v because_o ezekiel_n assure_v we_o ezek._n 45.12_o that_o by_o the_o shekel_n the_o maneh_n be_v adjust_v and_o pollux_n lib_n 9_o c._n 6._o affirm_v that_o when_o we_o say_v a_o golden_a one_o we_o understand_v a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o when_o we_o say_v a_o silver_n piece_n we_o mean_v a_o shekel_n although_o we_o express_v it_o
long_o than_o if_o they_o be_v set_v out_o by_o so_o many_o short_a cubit_n suppose_v cubit_n of_o 18_o inch_n in_o such_o proportion_n as_o the_o square_n of_o these_o different_a cubit_n bear_v to_o each_o other_o by_o the_o 19_o &_o 20_o prop._n of_o euclid_n 6_o the_o book_n but_o the_o square_n of_o these_o different_a cubit_n be_v in_o foot-measure_n which_o be_v here_o more_o convenient_a as_o 3.82_o to_o 2.25_o the_o big_a of_o which_o be_v near_o half_a as_o much_o more_o as_o the_o less_o therefore_o the_o areas_n of_o the_o temple_n and_o of_o the_o priest_n suburb_n be_v according_a to_o my_o measure_n near_o half_a as_o big_a again_o as_o they_o will_v be_v if_o determine_v by_o that_o short_a cubit_n such_o greatness_n of_o the_o temple_n solomon_n intimate_v to_o the_o king_n of_o tyre_n to_o be_v requisite_a as_o best_o suit_v with_o the_o greatness_n of_o god_n 2_o chron._n 2.5_o this_o reason_n allege_v by_o solomon_n to_o a_o heathen_a must_v be_v of_o moral_a or_o natural_a and_o therefore_o perpetual_a force_n continue_v to_o evangelical_n time_n and_o therefore_o intimate_v to_o we_o that_o even_o now_o magnificent_a and_o stately_a building_n be_v useful_a mean_n to_o signify_v what_o great_a and_o honourable_a thought_n we_o have_v of_o god_n and_o design_n to_o promote_v in_o those_o that_o come_v to_o the_o place_n of_o his_o public_a worship_n and_o from_o god_n liberal_a provision_n of_o land_n in_o the_o levite_n suburb_n beside_o other_o advantage_n we_o be_v teach_v by_o st._n paul_n that_o even_o so_o those_o that_o preach_v the_o gospel_n shall_v live_v of_o the_o gospel_n 1_o cor._n 9.14_o 4._o the_o fitness_n safety_n and_o honour_n of_o keep_v constant_o to_o the_o use_n of_o such_o indifferent_a thing_n as_o have_v be_v determine_v by_o law_n or_o custom_n be_v clear_o prove_v by_o the_o constancy_n of_o israel_n use_v those_o measure_n although_o other_o may_v be_v assign_v as_o the_o greek_a or_o roman_a measure_n to_o serve_v the_o same_o end_n from_o the_o time_n of_o moses_n and_o probable_o before_o to_o the_o captivity_n and_o after_o and_o this_o notwithstanding_o they_o be_v use_v by_o the_o egyptian_n and_o canaanites_n which_o alter_v not_o their_o nature_n in_o the_o least_o and_o this_o instance_n prove_v undeniable_o that_o such_o indifferent_a practice_n as_o the_o use_n of_o these_o measure_n may_v be_v high_o useful_a to_o the_o great_a moral_a duty_n the_o public_a honour_n of_o god_n and_o the_o preservation_n of_o justice_n among_o man_n these_o corollary_n hold_v useful_a except_v the_o three_o which_o bear_v upon_o the_o largeness_n which_o i_o have_v assign_v notwithstanding_o there_o may_v be_v suppose_v some_o mistake_n in_o my_o determination_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o these_o measure_n but_o i_o hope_v my_o reason_n will_v justify_v that_o also_o beside_o these_o uses_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o considerable_a that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o weight_n measure_n and_o coin_n together_o with_o that_o of_o number_n of_o all_o their_o part_n and_o proportion_n to_o each_o other_o be_v the_o prime_n and_o most_o obvious_a instance_n of_o something_o peculiar_a to_o mankind_n above_o all_o other_o live_v creature_n enable_v man_n more_o than_o they_o to_o civil_a society_n mutual_a commerce_n and_o aid_n to_o each_o other_o thereby_o above_o all_o that_o be_v find_v in_o the_o low_a correspondency_n of_o brute_n and_o agreeable_o to_o this_o peculiar_a skill_n of_o mankind_n in_o number_n and_o measure_n we_o may_v remark_n that_o the_o best_a science_n which_o we_o have_v viz._n arithmetic_n and_o geometry_n and_o our_o most_o perfect_a art_n i_o mean_v the_o geometrical_a doctrine_n of_o mechanic_n and_o static_o be_v all_o employ_v in_o this_o matter_n found_v in_o the_o principle_n of_o numeration_n and_o mensuration_n and_o build_v up_o by_o a_o close_a order_n and_o coherence_n of_o demonstration_n such_o as_o not_o where_o else_o be_v to_o be_v find_v this_o be_v 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part_n or_o less_o measure_n zer_v the_o span_n ½_n a_o cubit_n 10.944_o a_o palm_n hands-breadth_n ⅙_n 3.648_o a_o digit_fw-la fingers-breadth_n 1_o 24_o .912_o the_o east_n use_v also_o a_o span_n of_o a_o cubit_n 7.296_o 2._o aggregate_v number_n of_o cubit_n eng._n foot_n &_o dec._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o fathom_n 4_o cubit_n 7.296_o ezekiel_n reed_n 6_o cubit_n 10.944_o the_o arabian_a can_v or_o pole_n 8_o cubit_n 14.592_o schaenus_n the_o ancient_a measure_v line_n or_o chain_n 80_o c._n 145.92_o sabbath_n day_n journ_v 2000_o cub_n 3648_o  _fw-fr foot_n mil._n engl._n the_o eastern_a mile_n 4000_o cubit_n 7296_o 1.3816_o the_o parasang_n 12000_o cubit_n 21888_o 4.1454_o the_o 30_o the_o part_n thereof_o be_v a_o stadium_n as_o herod_n and_o hesychius_n witness_n 400_o cubit_n the_o 11_o the_o part_n of_o a_o eastern_a mile_n ,13816_o  _fw-fr the_n 30_o the_o part_n thereof_o be_v a_o stadium_n as_o herod_n and_o hesychius_n witness_n 400_o cubit_n the_o 11_o the_o part_n of_o a_o eastern_a mile_n 729.6_o foot_n eng._n  _fw-fr their_a day_n journey_n not_o always_o equal_a but_o set_v by_o abulfeda_n at_o a_o middle_a rate_n eight_o parasang_n or_o 96000_o cubit_n 33.1632_o  _fw-fr ii_o table_n of_o measure_n of_o capacity_n  _fw-fr sol._n inches_n wine_n gal._n p._n sol._n inch._n epha_n or_o bath_n 1747.7_o 7_o 4_o 15.2_o corus_n or_o chomer_n viz._n 10_o epha_n 17477_o 75_o 5_o 7_o seah_n the_o three_o of_o epha_n 582.5_o 2_o 4_o 3_o hin_n the_o six_o 291.25_o 1_o 2_o 1.5_o homer_n the_o ten_o 174.77_o 0_o 6_o 0.5_o cab_n the_o eighteen_o 97.03_o 0_o 3_o 10_o log_n the_o seventy-second_a 24.25_o 0_o 0_o 24.2_o add_v the_o syrian_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d congio_fw-la romano_n in_o solid_a inch_n 207.06_o 7_o pint_n english_a wine-measure_n and_o about_o half_a a_o quarter_n of_o a_o pint._n iii_o a_o table_n of_o weight_n and_o coin_n the_o shekel_n of_o silver_n just_o half_a a_o roman_a ounce_n to_o half_a our_o averdupoise_n ounce_n in_o troy_n grain_n 219_o in_o value_n of_o our_o money_n penny_n 28.28_o that_o be_v 2_o shilling_n 4_o penny_n farthing_n with_o three_o centesimal_n of_o a_o penny_n above_o it_o which_o be_v near_o ⅛_n the_o part_n of_o a_o farthing_n hence_o the_o half_a and_o quarter_n of_o shekel_n be_v know_v half_n a_o shekel_n be_v call_v bekah_n its_o twenty_o part_n call_v gerah_n and_o agurah_n well_o translate_v by_o obolus_fw-la atticus_n and_o keshitah_n hence_o a_o talon_n of_o silver_n 3000_o shekel_n be_v in_o our_o silver_n coin_n l._n 353.59375_o or_o 353_o l._n 11_o s._n 10_o d._n ob_fw-la talon_n of_o gold_n 5076_o l._n 3_o s._n 10_o d._n hence_o maneh_n in_o mere_a weight_n 100_o shekel_n in_o coin_n 60._o the_o golden_a darics_n or_o persian_a darchemon_n 12_o gerahs_n value_v 1_o l._n 0.4_o d._n the_o roman_a silver_n denarii_fw-la 7_o d._n 3_o far_o gold_n coin_n double_a in_o weight_n their_o brazen_a or_o copper_n ass_n ½_n ounce_n weight_n in_o value_n 3_o farthing_n and_o 1_o ten_o of_o a_o farthing_n half_n this_o be_v assarium_fw-la 1_o farthing_n and_o 55_o centesimal_n of_o a_o farthing_n hence_o quadrant_n be_v little_a above_o 3_o quarter_n of_o our_o farthing_n in_o value_n and_o half_o this_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d translate_v a_o mite_n be_v about_o 1_o three_o of_o our_o farthing_n in_o value_n postscript_n because_o my_o exact_a determination_n of_o the_o epha_n be_v found_v in_o the_o proportion_n of_o ⅙_n which_o it_o bear_v to_o the_o egyptian_a ardub_o the_o cube_n of_o their_o cubit_n i_o entreat_v my_o learned_a friend_n dr._n john_n moor_n to_o inquire_v of_o dr._n pocock_n the_o great_a oracle_n in_o eastern_a learning_n whether_o or_o no_o he_o have_v meet_v with_o any_o other_o authority_n beside_o what_o i_o have_v before_o mention_v whereby_o that_o proportion_n may_v be_v prove_v in_o
original_a from_o the_o eastern_a shekel_n double_v and_o evidence_n may_v be_v give_v that_o such_o weight_n and_o coin_n consist_v of_o two_o shekel_n be_v sometime_o use_v in_o the_o east_n by_o the_o name_n of_o selahs_n but_o i_o must_v not_o digress_v far_o a_o three_o argument_n may_v be_v take_v from_o the_o constant_a tradition_n of_o the_o jew_n that_o their_o shekel_n weigh_v 320_o common_a barly-corn_n in_o schalsheleth_n but_o these_o corn_n ordinary_o answer_v 219_o grain_n of_o our_o weight_n therefore_o etc._n etc._n nevertheless_o it_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v that_o there_o be_v no_o perfect_a constancy_n in_o this_o matter_n of_o experiment_n which_o i_o have_v make_v with_o success_n yet_o variety_n of_o a_o few_o grain_n will_v frequent_o fall_v out_o but_o because_o nature_n alter_v not_o much_o in_o the_o weight_n of_o ordinary_a barley_n this_o may_v be_v accept_v as_o a_o proof_n that_o we_o have_v assign_v shekel_n weight_n at_o least_o very_o near_o to_o exactness_n but_o perfect_a accuracy_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v seek_v in_o the_o former_a argument_n which_o bear_v upon_o the_o jewish_a and_o roman_a standard_n than_o on_o this_o which_o resolve_v itself_o into_o nature_n constancy_n to_o produce_v grain_n near_o alike_o in_o different_a time_n and_o place_n but_o yet_o do_v reserve_v to_o herself_o a_o liberty_n of_o make_v some_o variety_n such_o be_v the_o shekel_n of_o the_o sanctuary_n or_o agreeable_a to_o the_o standard_n of_o weight_n and_o measure_n there_o keep_v another_o shekel_n half_o so_o heavy_a be_v contend_v for_o by_o some_o modern_a jew_n and_o christian_n i_o confess_v i_o be_o not_o satisfy_v that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o shekel_n a_o piece_n of_o that_o weight_n i_o acknowledge_v but_o constant_o it_o bear_v the_o inscription_n of_o half_a a_o shekel_n call_v a_o bekah_n exod._n 38.26_o however_o it_o be_v sufficient_a that_o my_o care_n to_o determine_v the_o sanctuary_n shekel_n do_v full_o determine_v also_o the_o weight_n of_o its_o half_a which_o must_v be_v 109_o grain_n and_o a_o half_a they_o who_o be_v willing_a to_o see_v argument_n on_o both_o side_n may_v find_v they_o in_o hottinger_n de_fw-fr cippis_n p._n 110_o etc._n etc._n to_o who_o judgement_n i_o have_v nothing_o material_a to_o add_v also_o the_o near_a approach_n of_o the_o roman_a denarius_fw-la and_o of_o the_o attic_a drachma_n to_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o shekel_n together_o with_o their_o difference_n from_o each_o other_o and_o from_o the_o precise_a quarter_n of_o a_o shekel_n be_v well_o state_v by_o greaves_n distinguish_v the_o intrinsic_a value_n rise_v from_o mere_a weight_n and_o the_o extrinsic_a rise_n from_o the_o stamp_n and_o law_n peculiar_a to_o several_a kingdom_n in_o his_o treatise_n forequote_v to_o which_o i_o therefore_o refer_v the_o reader_n my_o business_n be_v only_o to_o give_v the_o true_a weight_n and_o value_n of_o shekel_n in_o our_o english_a coin_n and_o not_o to_o compare_v it_o with_o those_o foreign_a coin_n for_o which_o it_o be_v sometime_o exchange_v by_o the_o trapezites_n who_o make_v considerable_a advantage_n by_o the_o trade_n the_o consequent_n of_o our_o thus_o state_v the_o shekel_n be_v these_o 1._o hereby_o all_o its_o part_n and_o the_o lesser_a weight_n or_o coin_n in_o know_a proportion_n to_o it_o be_v determine_v particular_o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o bekah_n or_o half_a shekel_n be_v in_o grain_n troy_n 109.5_o the_o quarter_n thereof_o call_v zuza_n by_o the_o talmudist_n be_v gr._n 54.75_o its_o twenty_o part_n which_o be_v call_v gerah_n exod._n 30.13_o and_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o agurah_n 1_o sam._n 2.36_o by_o rab._n solomon_n and_o david_n though_o we_o translate_v it_o indefinite_o a_o piece_n of_o silver_n must_v be_v gr._n 10.95_o which_o want_v but_o the_o twenty_o part_n of_o a_o grain_n of_o eleven_o grain_n may_v pass_v for_o just_a so_o many_o and_o according_o be_v well_o translate_v in_o the_o septuagint_n by_o the_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o there_o be_v attic_a oboli_fw-la still_o remain_v of_o this_o weight_n mention_v by_o greaves_n which_o give_v another_o argument_n to_o evince_n that_o the_o shekel_n weight_n have_v be_v right_o state_v by_o we_o because_o its_o twenty_o part_n the_o gerah_n or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v find_v by_o the_o remain_a coin_n to_o be_v right_a and_o it_o be_v high_o probable_a that_o the_o athenian_n be_v a_o colony_n partly_o from_o egypt_n under_o cecrops_n partly_o from_o phoenicia_n under_o cadmus_n bring_v this_o egyptian_a and_o phaenician_a little_a weight_n or_o money_n with_o they_o i_o find_v also_o in_o cleopatra_n that_o the_o obolus_fw-la atticus_n be_v call_v the_o drachma_n aegyptiaca_n and_o be_v there_o affirm_v to_o be_v the_o six_o part_n of_o the_o attic_a drachma_n and_o consequent_o hence_o we_o may_v learn_v to_o reduce_v to_o we_o must_v other_o greek_a weight_n who_o proportion_n to_o the_o drachm_n be_v give_v we_o in_o galen_n dioscorides_n and_o several_a other_o greek_a writer_n the_o attic_a drachm_n by_o this_o reckon_n must_v be_v in_o our_o troy_n weight_n 66_o grain_n the_o learned_a greaves_n have_v state_v it_o 67._o the_o difference_n of_o one_o grain_n in_o so_o many_o be_v so_o small_a as_o not_o to_o be_v worth_a contend_v about_o but_o i_o count_v my_o reckon_a sufficient_o confirm_v by_o its_o near_a approach_n to_o he_o but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o gerah_n or_o obolus_fw-la the_o determination_n thereof_o be_v useful_a because_o it_o be_v prove_v by_o arias_n montanus_n waser_n and_o hottinger_n out_o of_o the_o rabbin_n and_o talmudist_n that_o this_o be_v of_o the_o same_o weight_n and_o value_n with_o the_o ancient_a coin_n call_v keshitah_n sometime_o translate_v a_o lamb_n probable_o because_o either_o of_o its_o impress_n or_o its_o old_a value_n be_v when_o money_n be_v rare_a sufficient_a to_o buy_v a_o lamb._n this_o be_v mention_v gen._n 33.19_o jos._n 24.32_o job_n 42.11_o but_o be_v express_v by_o st._n stephen_n act_v 7.16_o to_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o mony_n to_o this_o head_n also_o belong_v the_o investigation_n of_o the_o darchmon_a or_o adarcon_n both_o which_o word_n by_o the_o septuagint_n be_v translate_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o both_o signify_v the_o same_o coin_n they_o be_v mention_v 1_o chron._n 29.7_o ezra_n 2.69_o nehem._n 7.69_o 70._o our_o learned_a brerewood_n have_v suggest_v that_o the_o septuagint_n understand_v by_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d not_o that_o of_o athens_n bùt_fw-la of_o alexandria_n which_o be_v double_a thereunto_o and_o therefore_o be_v know_v by_o its_o help_n but_o he_o add_v also_o that_o both_o these_o name_n of_o coin_n relate_v to_o those_o golden_a piece_n coin_v by_o darius_n and_o thence_o name_v by_o the_o greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o our_o best_a help_n to_o understand_v these_o piece_n be_v from_o the_o scholiast_n on_o aristophanes_n and_o harpocration_n who_o both_o affirm_v that_o they_o weigh_v as_o much_o as_o the_o attic_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o pollux_n and_o hesychius_n assure_v we_o weigh_v two_o attic_a drachm_n that_o be_v by_o our_o account_n 132_o or_o by_o greaves_n 134_o grain_n troy_n the_o forename_a scholiast_n say_v that_o the_o darius_n who_o coin_v these_o piece_n be_v elder_a than_o that_o darius_n who_o be_v xerxes_n his_o father_n now_o i_o find_v no_o darius_n elder_a than_o he_o but_o darius_n the_o mede_n who_o daniel_n mention_n twice_o but_o i_o find_v he_o not_o mention_v by_o this_o name_n among_o the_o ancient_n any_o where_o else_o save_v in_o this_o passage_n of_o the_o scholiast_n and_o consequent_o in_o these_o coin_n which_o he_o explain_v and_o beside_o this_o evince_v it_o possible_a and_o probable_a that_o the_o chief_a father_n of_o the_o jew_n return_v under_o cyrus_n may_v bring_v with_o they_o much_o of_o that_o money_n which_o have_v be_v coin_v by_o cyrus_n his_o immediate_a predecessor_n to_o make_v a_o offer_n to_o sacred_a uses_n as_o be_v mention_v ezra_n 2.69_o where_o we_o translate_v it_o drachm_n but_o be_v to_o understand_v such_o as_o brer●wood_n call_v alexandrian_a drachm_n or_o double_a attic_a drachm_n for_o each_o daric_a contain_v more_o than_o two_o of_o our_o drachm_n troy_n which_o be_v but_o 120_o grain_n whereas_o we_o have_v show_v these_o to_o be_v about_o 132_o or_o more_o now_o the_o weight_n be_v state_v the_o reduction_n to_o the_o present_a value_n of_o our_o money_n be_v not_o difficult_a but_o it_o must_v be_v remember_v that_o this_o be_v not_o so_o constant_a as_o weight_n but_o be_v alter_v for_o reason_n of_o state_n more_o frequent_o both_o in_o our_o kingdom_n and_o in_o other_o however_o it_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v know_v that_o now_o out_o of_o every_o ounce_n troy_n of_o gold_n take_v