par._n it_o be_v low_a when_o he_o pay_v less_o than_o the_o parnell_n the_o par_n be_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o piece_n of_o the_o coin_n of_o one_o country_n contain_v in_o they_o a_o equal_a quantity_n of_o silver_n to_o that_o in_o another_o number_n of_o piece_n of_o the_o coin_n of_o another_o country_n v_o g._n suppose_v 36_o skillings_n of_o holland_n to_o have_v just_a as_o much_o silver_n in_o they_o as_o 20_o english_a shilling_n bill_n of_o exchange_n draw_v from_o england_n to_o holland_n at_o the_o rate_n of_o 36_o skillings_n dutch_n for_o each_o pound_n sterling_n be_v according_a to_o the_o par._n he_o that_o pay_v the_o money_n here_o and_o receive_v it_o there_o neither_o get_v nor_o lose_v by_o the_o exchange_n but_o receive_v just_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o silver_n in_o the_o one_o place_n that_o he_o part_n with_o in_o the_o other_o but_o if_o he_o pay_v one_o pound_n sterling_a to_o receive_v but_o 30_o skillings_n in_o holland_n he_o pay_v â…™_n more_o than_o the_o par_fw-fr and_o so_o pay_v â…™_n more_o silver_n for_o the_o exchange_n let_v the_o sum_n be_v what_o it_o will_n the_o reason_n of_o high_a exchange_n be_v the_o buy_v much_o commodity_n in_o any_o foreign_a country_n beyond_o the_o value_n of_o what_o that_o country_n take_v of_o we_o this_o make_v english_a man_n have_v need_n of_o great_a sum_n there_o and_o this_o raise_v the_o exchange_n or_o price_n of_o bill_n for_o what_o grow_v more_o into_o demand_n increase_v present_o in_o price_n return_v money_n by_o exchange_n into_o foreign_a part_n keep_v not_o one_o farthing_n from_o go_v out_o it_o only_o prevent_v the_o more_o troublesome_a and_o hazardous_a way_n of_o send_v money_n in_o specie_fw-la forward_o and_o backward_o bill_n of_o exchange_n more_o commodious_o by_o scrip_n of_o paper_n even_o the_o account_n between_o particular_a debtor_n and_o creditor_n in_o different_a country_n as_o far_o as_o the_o commerce_n between_o those_o two_o place_n be_v equivalent_a but_o where_o the_o overbalance_n on_o either_o side_n demand_v payment_n there_o bill_n of_o exchange_n can_v do_v nothing_o but_o bullion_n or_o money_n in_o specie_fw-la must_v be_v send_v for_o in_o a_o country_n where_o we_o owe_v money_n and_o have_v no_o debt_n owe_v to_o we_o bill_n will_v not_o find_v credit_n but_o for_o a_o short_a time_n till_o money_n can_v be_v send_v to_o reimburse_v those_o that_o pay_v they_o unless_o we_o can_v think_v man_n beyond_o sea_n will_v part_v with_o their_o money_n for_o nothing_o if_o the_o trader_n of_o england_n owe_v their_o correspondent_o of_o holland_n 100.000_o l._n their_o account_n with_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n stand_v equal_a and_o remain_v so_o one_o farthing_n of_o this_o 100.000_o l._n can_v be_v pay_v by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o example_n i_o owe_v 1000_o l._n of_o it_o and_o to_o pay_v that_o buy_v a_o bill_n of_o n._n here_o draw_v on_o john_n the_o wit_n of_o amsterdam_n to_o pay_v p._n van_n lore_n my_o correspondent_n there_o the_o money_n be_v pay_v according_o and_o thereby_o i_o be_o out_o of_o van_n lores_n debt_n but_o one_o farthing_n of_o the_o debt_n of_o england_n to_o holland_n be_v not_o thereby_o pay_v for_o n._n of_o who_o i_o buy_v the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v now_o as_o much_o indebt_v to_o john_n the_o wit_n as_o i_o be_v before_o to_o p._n van_fw-mi lore_n particular_a debtor_n and_o creditor_n be_v only_o change_v by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n but_o the_o debt_n owe_v from_o one_o country_n to_o the_o other_o can_v be_v pay_v without_o real_a effect_n send_v thither_o to_o that_o value_n either_o in_o commodity_n or_o money_n where_o the_o balance_n of_o trade_n bare_o pay_v for_o commodity_n with_o commodity_n there_o money_n must_v be_v send_v or_o else_o the_o debt_n can_v be_v pay_v i_o have_v speak_v of_o silver_n coin_v alone_o because_o that_o make_v the_o money_n of_o account_n and_o measure_n of_o trade_n all_o through_o the_o world_n for_o all_o contract_n be_v i_o think_v every_o where_o make_v and_o account_n keep_v in_o silver_n coin_n i_o be_o sure_a they_o be_v so_o in_o england_n and_o the_o neighbour_a country_n silver_n therefore_o and_o silver_n alone_o be_v the_o measure_n of_o commerce_n two_o metal_n as_o gold_n and_o silver_n can_v be_v the_o measure_n of_o commerce_n both_o together_o in_o any_o country_n because_o the_o measure_n of_o commerce_n must_v be_v perpetual_o the_o same_o invariable_a and_o keep_v the_o same_o proportion_n of_o value_n in_o all_o its_o part_n but_o so_o only_o one_o metal_n do_v or_o can_v do_v to_o itself_o so_o silver_n be_v to_o silver_n and_o gold_n to_o gold_n a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n be_v always_o of_o equal_a value_n to_o a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n and_o a_o ounce_n of_o gold_n to_o a_o ounce_n of_o gold_n and_o two_o ounce_n of_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o of_o double_a the_o value_n to_o a_o ounce_n of_o the_o same_o but_o gold_n and_o silver_n change_v their_o value_n one_o to_o another_o for_o suppose_v they_o to_o be_v in_o value_n as_o sixteen_o to_o one_o now_o perhaps_o the_o next_o month_n they_o may_v be_v as_o fifteen_o and_o three_o quarter_n or_o 15_o and_o â…ž_n to_o one_o and_o one_o may_v as_o well_o make_v a_o measure_n v_o g._n a_o yard_n who_o part_n lengthen_v and_o shrink_v as_o a_o measure_n of_o trade_n of_o material_n that_o have_v not_o always_o a_o settle_a unvariable_a value_n to_o one_o another_o one_o metal_n therefore_o alone_o can_v be_v the_o money_n of_o account_n and_o contract_n and_o the_o measure_n of_o commerce_n in_o any_o country_n the_o fit_a for_o this_o use_n of_o all_o other_o be_v silver_n for_o many_o reason_n which_o need_v not_o here_o be_v mention_v it_o be_v enough_o that_o the_o world_n have_v agree_v in_o it_o and_o make_v it_o their_o common_a money_n and_o as_o the_o indian_n right_o call_v it_o measure_n all_o other_o metal_n gold_n as_o well_o as_o lead_v be_v but_o commodity_n commodity_n be_v movable_n valuable_a by_o money_n the_o common_a measure_n gold_n though_o not_o the_o money_n of_o the_o world_n and_o the_o measure_n of_o commerce_n nor_o fit_a to_o be_v so_o yet_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v coin_v to_o ascertain_v its_o weight_n and_o fineness_n and_o such_o coin_n may_v safe_o have_v a_o price_n as_o well_o as_o stamp_n set_v upon_o it_o by_o public_a authority_n so_o the_o value_n set_v be_v under_o the_o market_n price_n for_o then_o such_o piece_n coin_v will_v be_v a_o commodity_n as_o passable_a as_o silver_n money_n very_o little_o vary_v in_o their_o price_n as_o guineas_n which_o be_v coin_v at_o the_o value_n of_o 20_o s._n but_o pass_v usual_o for_o between_o 21_o or_o 22_o shilling_n according_a to_o the_o current_a rate_n but_o not_o have_v so_o high_a a_o value_n put_v upon_o they_o by_o the_o law_n no_o body_n can_v be_v force_v to_o take_v they_o to_o their_o loss_n at_o 21_o s._n 6_o d._n if_o the_o price_n of_o gold_n shall_v happen_v at_o any_o time_n to_o be_v cheap_a from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v i_o think_v it_o appear_v 1._o that_o silver_n be_v that_o which_o mankind_n have_v agree_v on_o to_o take_v and_o give_v in_o exchange_n for_o all_o other_o commodity_n as_o a_o equivalent_a 2._o that_o it_o be_v by_o the_o quantity_n of_o silver_n they_o give_v or_o take_v or_o contract_n for_o that_o they_o estimate_v the_o value_n of_o other_o thing_n and_o satisfy_v for_o they_o and_o thus_o by_o its_o quantity_n silver_n become_v the_o measure_n of_o commerce_n 3._o hence_o it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o silver_n have_v a_o great_a value_n a_o less_o quantity_n of_o silver_n have_v a_o less_o value_n and_o a_o equal_a quantity_n a_o equal_a value_n 4._o that_o money_n differ_v from_o uncoined_a silver_n only_o in_o this_o that_o the_o quantity_n of_o silver_n in_o each_o piece_n of_o money_n be_v ascertain_v by_o the_o stamp_n it_o bear_v which_o be_v set_v there_o to_o be_v a_o public_a voucher_n of_o its_o weight_n and_o fineness_n 5._o that_o gold_n be_v treasure_n as_o well_o as_o silver_n because_o it_o decay_v not_o in_o keep_v and_o never_o sink_v much_o in_o its_o value_n 6._o that_o gold_n be_v fit_a to_o be_v coin_v as_o well_o as_o silver_n to_o ascertain_v its_o quantity_n to_o those_o who_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o traffic_n in_o it_o but_o not_o fit_a to_o be_v join_v with_o silver_n as_o a_o measure_n of_o commerce_n 7._o that_o jewel_n too_o be_v treasure_n because_o they_o keep_v without_o decay_n and_o have_v constant_o a_o great_a value_n in_o proportion_n to_o their_o bulk_n but_o can_v be_v use_v for_o money_n because_o their_o value_n be_v not_o measure_v by_o their_o
proof_n that_o silver_n be_v now_o â…•_n more_o value_n than_o it_o be_v i_o fear_v none_o of_o they_o will_v reach_v mr._n lowndes_n point_n he_o say_v p._n 77_o by_o daily_a experience_n nineteen_o penny_n weight_n and_o three_o ten_o of_o a_o penny_n weight_n of_o sterling_a silver_n which_o be_v just_a the_o weight_n of_o a_o crown_n piece_n will_v purchase_v more_o coin_v money_n than_o five_o unclipe_v shilling_n i_o wish_v he_o have_v tell_v we_o where_o this_o daily_a experience_n he_o speak_v of_o be_v to_o be_v find_v for_o i_o dare_v say_v no_o body_n have_v see_v a_o sum_n of_o unclipe_v shilling_n pay_v for_o bullion_n any_o where_o this_o twelve_o month_n to_o go_v no_o further_o back_o in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o wish_v he_o have_v tell_v we_o how_o much_o more_o than_o five_o lawful_a mill_v shilling_n bullion_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o a_o crown_n piece_n will_v purchase_v if_o he_o have_v say_v it_o will_v purchase_v six_o shilling_n and_o three_o penny_n weighty_a money_n he_o have_v prove_v the_o matter_n in_o question_n and_o whoever_o have_v the_o weight_n of_o a_o crown_n in_o silver_n pay_v he_o in_o mr._n lowndes_n new_a coin_n instead_o of_o six_o shilling_n and_o three_o penny_n of_o our_o present_a money_n have_v no_o injury_n do_v he_o if_o it_o will_v certain_o purchase_v he_o six_o shilling_n and_o three_o penny_n all_o unclipe_v of_o our_o present_a money_n but_o every_o one_o at_o first_o sight_n perceive_v this_o to_o be_v impossible_a as_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v it_o and_o i_o have_v in_o this_o the_o concurrence_n of_o mr._n lowndes_n new_a scheme_n to_o prove_v it_o to_o be_v so_o for_o p._n 62_o he_o propose_v that_o his_o silver_n unite_v have_v the_o weight_n and_o fineness_n of_o a_o present_a unclipe_v crown_n piece_n shall_v go_v for_o 75_o penny_n and_o that_o the_o present_a shilling_n shall_v go_v for_o 15_o penny_n by_o which_o establishment_n there_o will_v be_v 75_o penny_n in_o his_o unite_v and_o 93_o penny_n three_o farthing_n in_o six_o shilling_n three_o penny_n weighty_a money_n of_o the_o present_a coin_n which_o be_v a_o undeniable_a confession_n that_o it_o be_v as_o impossible_a for_o his_o silver_n unite_v have_v no_o more_o silver_n in_o it_o than_o a_o present_a unclipe_v crown_n to_o be_v worth_a and_o so_o to_o purchase_v six_o unclipe_v shilling_n and_o three_o penny_n of_o our_o present_a money_n as_o it_o be_v for_o 75_o penny_n to_o be_v worth_a 93_o of_o the_o same_o penny_n or_o 75_o to_o be_v equal_a to_o 93._o if_o he_o mean_v by_o more_o that_o his_o sterling_a silver_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o a_o crown_n piece_n will_v purchase_v a_o penny_n or_o two_o penny_n more_o than_o five_o unclipe_v shilling_n which_o be_v the_o most_o and_o which_o be_v but_o accidental_a too_o what_o be_v this_o rise_n of_o its_o value_n to_o 15_o penny_n and_o what_o amends_o will_v one_o 1_o 60_o a_o little_a more_o or_o less_o rise_v in_o value_n make_v for_o â…•_n diminish_v in_o weight_n and_o lose_v in_o the_o quantity_n which_o be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o say_v that_o a_o penny_n or_o thereabouts_o shall_v make_v amends_o for_o fifteen_o penny_n take_v away_o another_o way_n to_o recommend_v his_o new_a coin_n to_o those_o who_o shall_v receive_v it_o instead_o of_o the_o present_a weighty_a coin_n he_o tell_v he_o p._n 77._o it_o will_v pay_v as_o much_o debt_n and_o purchase_n as_o much_o commodity_n as_o our_o present_a money_n which_o be_v â…•_n heavy_a what_o he_o say_v of_o debt_n be_v true_a but_o yet_o i_o will_v have_v it_o well_o consider_v by_o our_o english_a gentleman_n that_o though_o creditor_n will_v lose_v â…•_n of_o their_o principal_a and_o use_v and_o landlord_n will_v lose_v â…•_n of_o their_o income_n yet_o the_o debtor_n and_o tenant_n will_v not_o get_v it_o it_o will_v be_v ask_v who_o then_o will_v get_v it_o these_o i_o say_v and_o those_o only_o who_o have_v great_a sum_n of_o weighty_a money_n whereof_o one_o fee_n not_o a_o piece_n now_o in_o payment_n hoard_v up_o by_o they_o will_v get_v by_o it_o to_o those_o by_o the_o propose_a change_n of_o our_o money_n will_v be_v a_o increase_n of_o â…•_n add_v to_o their_o riches_n pay_v out_o of_o the_o pocket_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o nation_n for_o what_o these_o man_n receive_v for_o four_o shilling_n they_o will_v pay_v again_o for_o five_o this_o weighty_a money_n hoard_v up_o mr._n lowndes_n p._n 105_o compute_v at_o one_o million_o and_o six_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n so_o that_o by_o raise_v our_o money_n one_o five_o there_o will_v three_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o pound_n be_v give_v to_o those_o who_o have_v hoard_v up_o our_o weighty_a money_n which_o hoard_v up_o of_o money_n be_v think_v by_o many_o to_o have_v no_o other_o merit_n in_o it_o than_o the_o prejudice_a our_o trade_n and_o public_a affair_n and_o increase_v our_o necessity_n by_o keep_v so_o great_a a_o part_n of_o our_o money_n from_o come_v abroad_o at_o a_o time_n when_o there_o be_v so_o great_a need_n of_o it_o if_o the_o sum_n of_o unclipe_v money_n in_o the_o nation_n be_v as_o some_o suppose_v much_o great_a then_o there_o will_v by_o this_o contrivance_n of_o the_o raise_v our_o coin_n be_v give_v to_o these_o rich_a hoarder_n much_o above_o the_o aforesaid_a sum_n of_o three_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o pound_n of_o our_o present_a money_n no_o body_n else_o but_o these_o hoarder_n can_v get_v a_o farthing_n by_o this_o propose_a change_n of_o our_o coin_n unless_o man_n in_o debt_n have_v plate_n by_o they_o which_o they_o will_v coin_v to_o pay_v their_o debt_n those_o too_o i_o must_v confess_v will_v get_v one_o five_o by_o all_o the_o plate_n of_o their_o own_o which_o they_o shall_v coin_v and_o pay_v debt_n with_o value_v their_o plate_n at_o bullion_n but_o if_o they_o shall_v consider_v the_o fashion_n of_o their_o plate_n what_o that_o cost_n when_o they_o buy_v it_o and_o the_o fashion_n that_o new_a plate_n will_v cost_v they_o if_o they_o intend_v ever_o to_o have_v plate_n again_o they_o will_v find_v this_o one_o five_o seem_v present_a profit_n in_o coin_v their_o plate_n to_o pay_v their_o debt_n amount_v to_o little_a or_o nothing_o at_o all_o no_o body_n then_o but_o the_o hoarder_n will_v get_v by_o this_o twenty_o per_fw-la cent._n and_o i_o challenge_v any_o one_o to_o show_v how_o any_o body_n else_o but_o that_o little_a in_o the_o case_n of_o plate_n coin_v to_o pay_v debt_n shall_v get_v a_o farthing_n by_o it_o it_o seem_v to_o promise_v fair_a to_o the_o debtor_n but_o to_o they_o too_o it_o will_v amount_v to_o nothing_o for_o he_o that_o take_v up_o money_n to_o pay_v his_o debt_n will_v receive_v this_o new_a money_n and_o pay_v it_o again_o at_o the_o same_o rate_n he_o receive_v it_o just_a as_o he_o do_v now_o our_o present_a coin_n without_o any_o profit_n at_o all_o and_o though_o commodity_n as_o be_v natural_a shall_v be_v raise_v in_o proportion_n to_o the_o lessen_v of_o the_o money_n no_o body_n will_v get_v by_o that_o any_o more_o than_o they_o do_v now_o when_o all_o thing_n be_v grow_v dear_a only_o he_o that_o be_v bind_v up_o by_o contract_n to_o receive_v any_o sum_n under_o such_o a_o denomination_n of_o pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n will_v find_v his_o loss_n sensible_o when_o he_o go_v to_o buy_v commodity_n and_o make_v new_a bargain_n the_o market_n and_o the_o shop_n will_v soon_o convince_v he_o that_o his_o money_n which_o be_v one_o five_o light_a be_v also_o one_o five_o worse_n when_o he_o must_v pay_v twenty_o per._n cent._n more_o for_o all_o the_o commodity_n he_o buy_v with_o the_o money_n of_o the_o new_a foot_n than_o if_o he_o buy_v it_o with_o the_o present_a coin_n this_o mr._n lowndes_n himself_o will_v not_o deny_v when_o he_o call_v to_o mind_v what_o he_o himself_o speak_v of_o the_o inconvenience_n we_o suffer_v by_o our_o clip_a money_n say_v p._n 115._o person_n before_o they_o conclude_v in_o any_o bargain_n be_v necessitate_v first_o to_o settle_v the_o price_n or_o value_n of_o the_o very_a money_n they_o be_v to_o receive_v for_o their_o good_n and_o if_o it_o be_v in_o clip_a or_o bad_a money_n they_o set_v the_o price_n of_o their_o good_n according_o which_o i_o think_v have_v be_v one_o great_a cause_n of_o raise_v the_o price_n not_o only_o of_o merchandize_n but_o even_o of_o edible_n and_o other_o necessary_n for_o the_o sustenance_n of_o the_o common_a people_n to_o their_o great_a grievance_n that_o every_o one_o who_o receive_v money_n after_o the_o raise_n our_o money_n on_o contract_n make_v before_o the_o change_n must_v lose_v twenty_o per_fw-la cent._n in_o all_o he_o shall_v buy_v be_v
demonstration_n by_o mr._n lowndes_n own_o scheme_n mr._n lowndes_n propose_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v shilling_n coin_v upon_o the_o new_a foot_n â…•_n light_a than_o our_o present_a shilling_n which_o shall_v go_v for_o 12_o penny_n apiece_o and_o that_o the_o unclipe_v shilling_n of_o the_o present_a coin_n shall_v go_v for_o fifteen_o penny_n apiece_o and_o the_o crown_n for_o seventy_o five_o penny_n a_o man_n who_o have_v a_o debt_n of_o a_o hundred_o pound_n owe_v he_o upon_o bond_n or_o lease_n receive_v it_o in_o these_o new_a shilling_n instead_o of_o lawful_a money_n of_o the_o present_a standard_n he_o go_v to_o market_n with_o twenty_o shilling_n in_o one_o pocket_n of_o this_o new_a money_n which_o be_v value_v at_o 240_o penny_n and_o in_o the_o other_o pocket_n with_o four_o milled_a crown_n piece_n or_o 20_o milled_a shilling_n of_o the_o present_a coin_n which_o be_v value_v at_o three_o hundred_o penny_n which_o be_v one_o five_o more_o it_o be_v demonstration_n then_o that_o he_o lose_v one_o five_o or_o 20_o per_fw-la cent._n in_o all_o that_o he_o buy_v by_o the_o receipt_n of_o this_o new_a money_n for_o the_o present_a coin_n which_o be_v his_o due_n unless_o those_o he_o deal_v with_o will_v take_v four_o for_o five_o penny_n or_o four_o shilling_n for_o five_o shilling_n he_o buy_v for_o example_n a_o quart_n of_o oil_n for_o fifteen_o penny_n if_o he_o pay_v for_o it_o with_o the_o old_a money_n in_o one_o pocket_n one_o shilling_n will_v do_v it_o if_o with_o the_o new_a money_n in_o the_o other_o he_o must_v add_v three_o penny_n to_o it_o or_o a_o quarter_n of_o another_o shilling_n and_o so_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n that_o he_o pay_v for_o with_o either_o the_o old_a money_n which_o he_o shall_v have_v receive_v his_o debt_n in_o or_o with_o the_o new_a which_o he_o be_v force_v to_o receive_v for_o it_o thus_o far_o it_o be_v demonstration_n he_o lose_v twenty_n per_fw-la cent._n by_o receive_v his_o debt_n in_o a_o new_a money_n thus_o raise_v when_o he_o use_v it_o to_o buy_v any_o thing_n but_o to_o make_v he_o amends_o mr._n lowndes_n tell_v he_o silver_n be_v now_o dear_a and_o all_o thing_n consequent_o will_v be_v buy_v cheap_a twenty_n per_fw-la cent._n i_o be_o sure_a there_o be_v no_o demonstration_n of_o that_o nor_o appearance_n of_o it_o yet_o and_o if_o i_o may_v credit_v housekeeper_n and_o substantial_a tradesman_n all_o sort_n of_o provision_n and_o commodity_n be_v late_o rise_v excessive_o and_o notwithstanding_o the_o scarcity_n of_o silver_n begin_v to_o come_v up_o to_o the_o true_a value_n of_o our_o clip_a money_n every_o one_o sell_v their_o commodity_n so_o as_o to_o make_v themselves_o amend_v in_o the_o number_n of_o light_a piece_n for_o what_o they_o want_v in_o weight_n a_o creditor_n ought_v to_o think_v the_o new_a light_a money_n equivalent_a to_o the_o present_a heavy_a because_o it_o will_v buy_v as_o much_o commodity_n but_o what_o if_o it_o shall_v fail_v as_o it_o be_v ten_o to_o one_o but_o it_o will_v what_o security_n have_v he_o for_o it_o he_o be_v tell_v so_o and_o he_o must_v be_v satisfy_v the_o salt_n wine_n oil_n silk_n naval_a stores_n and_o all_o foreign_a commodity_n will_v none_o of_o they_o be_v sell_v we_o by_o foreigner_n for_o a_o less_o quantity_n of_o silver_n than_o before_o because_o we_o have_v give_v the_o name_n of_o more_o peace_n to_o it_o be_v i_o think_v demonstration_n all_o our_o name_n if_o they_o be_v any_o more_o to_o we_o be_v to_o they_o but_o bare_a sound_n and_o our_o coin_n as_o they_o to_o we_o but_o mere_a bullion_n value_v only_o by_o its_o weight_n and_o a_o suede_n will_v no_o more_o sell_v you_o his_o hemp_n and_o pitch_n or_o a_o spaniard_n his_o oil_n for_o less_o silver_n because_o you_o tell_v he_o silver_n be_v scarce_a now_o in_o england_n and_o therefore_o rise_v in_o value_n one_o five_o than_o a_o tradesman_n of_o london_n will_v sell_v his_o commodity_n cheap_a to_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n because_o they_o be_v grow_v poor_a and_o money_n be_v scarce_o there_o all_o foreign_a commodity_n must_v be_v shut_v out_o of_o the_o number_n of_o those_o that_o will_v fall_v to_o comply_v with_o our_o raise_v our_o money_n corn_n also_o it_o be_v evident_a do_v not_o rise_v or_o fall_v by_o the_o difference_n of_o more_o or_o less_o plenty_n of_o money_n but_o by_o the_o plenty_n and_o scarcity_n that_o god_n give_v for_o our_o money_n in_o appearance_n remain_v the_o same_o the_o price_n of_o corn_n be_v double_a one_o year_n to_o what_o it_o be_v the_o precedent_n and_o therefore_o we_o must_v certain_o make_v account_n that_o since_o the_o money_n be_v one_o five_o light_a it_o will_v buy_v one_o five_o less_o corn_n communibus_fw-la annis_fw-la and_o this_o be_v the_o great_a expense_n of_o the_o poor_a that_o take_v up_o almost_o all_o their_o earning_n if_o corn_n be_v communibus_fw-la annis_fw-la sell_v for_o one_o five_o more_o money_n in_o tale_n than_o before_o the_o change_n of_o our_o money_n they_o too_o must_v have_v one_o five_o more_o in_o tale_n of_o the_o new_a money_n for_o their_o wage_n than_o they_o have_v now_o and_o the_o day-labourer_n must_v have_v not_o only_o twelve_o but_o fifteen_o penny_n of_o the_o new_a money_n a_o day_n which_o be_v the_o present_a shilling_n that_o he_o have_v now_o or_o else_o he_o can_v live_v so_o that_o all_o foreign_a commodity_n with_o corn_n and_o labour_n keep_v up_o their_o value_n to_o the_o quantity_n of_o silver_n they_o sell_v for_o now_o and_o not_o comply_v in_o the_o fall_n of_o their_o real_a price_n with_o the_o nominal_a raise_n of_o our_o money_n there_o be_v not_o much_o leave_v wherein_o landlord_n and_o creditor_n be_v to_o expect_v the_o recompense_n of_o 20_o per_fw-la cent._n abatement_n of_o price_n in_o commodity_n to_o make_v up_o their_o loss_n in_o the_o lightness_n of_o our_o money_n they_o be_v pay_v their_o rent_n and_o debt_n in_o it_o will_v be_v easy_a to_o show_v the_o same_o thing_n concern_v our_o other_o native_a commodity_n and_o make_v it_o clear_a that_o we_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o expect_v they_o shall_v abate_v of_o their_o present_a price_n any_o more_o than_o corn_n and_o labour_n but_o this_o be_v enough_o and_o any_o one_o who_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o it_o may_v trace_v the_o rest_n at_o his_o leisure_n and_o thus_o i_o fear_v the_o hope_n of_o cheap_a pennyworth_n which_o may_v beguile_v some_o man_n into_o a_o belief_n that_o landlord_n and_o creditor_n will_v receive_v no_o less_o by_o the_o propose_v new_a money_n be_v quite_o vanish_v but_o if_o the_o promise_n of_o better_a pennyworth_n and_o a_o fall_n of_o all_o commodity_n twenty_o per_fw-la cent._n shall_v hold_v true_a this_o will_v not_o at_o all_o relieve_v creditor_n and_o landlord_n and_o set_v they_o on_o equal_a term_n with_o their_o neighbour_n because_o the_o cheap_a pennyworth_n will_v not_o be_v for_o they_o alone_o but_o every_o body_n else_o as_o well_o as_o they_o will_v share_v in_o that_o advantage_n so_o that_o their_o silver_n be_v diminish_v one_o five_o in_o their_o rent_n and_o debt_n which_o be_v pay_v they_o they_o will_v still_o be_v twenty_o per_fw-la cent._n great_a loser_n than_o their_o unhoard_a neighbour_n and_o forty_o per_fw-la cent._n great_a loser_n than_o the_o hoarâ—ers_n of_o money_n who_o will_v certain_o get_v twenty_o per_fw-mi cent._n in_o the_o money_n whatever_o happen_v in_o the_o price_n of_o thing_n and_o twenty_o per_fw-la cent._n more_o in_o the_o cheapness_n of_o commodity_n if_o that_o promise_a recompense_n be_v make_v good_a to_o creditor_n and_o landlord_n for_o the_o hoarder_n of_o money_n if_o the_o price_n of_o thing_n fall_v will_v buy_v as_o cheap_a as_o they_o so_o that_o what_o ever_o be_v say_v of_o the_o cheapness_n of_o commodity_n it_o be_v demonstration_n whether_o that_o prove_v true_a or_o no_o that_o creditor_n and_o landlord_n and_o all_o those_o who_o be_v to_o receive_v money_n upon_o bargain_n make_v before_o the_o propose_a change_n of_o our_o coin_n will_v unavoidable_o lose_v twenty_o per_fw-la cent._n one_o thing_n mr._n lowndes_n say_v in_o this_o paragraph_n very_o remarkable_a which_o i_o think_v decide_v the_o question_n his_o word_n p._n 78._o be_v these_o that_o if_o the_o value_n of_o the_o silver_n in_o the_o coin_n by_o a_o extrinsic_a denomination_n be_v raise_v above_o the_o value_n or_o market_n price_n of_o the_o same_o silver_n reduce_v to_o bullion_n the_o subject_n will_v be_v proportionable_o injure_v and_o defraud_v as_o they_o be_v former_o in_o the_o case_n of_o base_a money_n coin_v by_o public_a authority_n it_o remain_v therefore_o only_o to_o show_v that_o the_o market-price_n of_o standard_n bullion_n be_v not_o one_o five_o above_o our_o
less_o silver_n in_o it_o than_o it_o have_v before_o alter_a the_o standard_n by_o coin_v piece_n under_o the_o same_o denomination_n with_o less_o silver_n in_o they_o than_o they_o former_o have_v be_v do_v the_o same_o thing_n by_o public_a authority_n the_o only_a odds_o be_v that_o by_o clip_v the_o loss_n be_v not_o force_v on_o any_o one_o for_o no_o body_n be_v oblige_v to_o receive_v clip_v money_n by_o alter_v the_o standard_n it_o be_v alter_a the_o standard_n by_o raise_v the_o money_n will_v not_o get_v to_o the_o public_a or_o bring_v to_o the_o mint_n to_o be_v coin_v one_o ounce_n of_o silver_n but_o will_v defraud_v the_o king_n the_o church_n the_o university_n and_o hospital_n etc._n etc._n of_o so_o much_o of_o their_o settle_a revenue_n as_o the_o money_n be_v raise_v v._n g._n 20_o per_fw-la cent._n if_o the_o money_n as_o be_v propose_v be_v raise_v â…•_n it_o will_v weaken_v if_o not_o total_o destroy_v the_o public_a faith_n when_o all_o that_o have_v trust_v the_o public_a and_o assist_v our_o present_a necessity_n upon_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o million_o lottery_n bank_n act_n and_o other_o loan_n shall_v be_v defraud_v of_o 20_o per_fw-la cent._n of_o what_o those_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v security_n for_o and_o to_o conclude_v this_o raise_v our_o money_n will_v defraud_v all_o private_a man_n of_o 20_o per_fw-la cent._n in_o all_o their_o debt_n and_o â—etled_a revenue_n clip_v by_o english_a man_n be_v rob_v the_o honest_a man_n who_o receive_v clip_v money_n and_o transfer_v the_o silver_n i._n e._n the_o value_n be_v pare_v off_o from_o it_o into_o the_o clipper_n pocket_n clip_v by_o foreigner_n be_v rob_v england_n itself_o and_o thus_o the_o spaniard_n late_o robe_v portugal_n of_o a_o great_a part_n of_o its_o treasure_n or_o commodity_n which_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n by_o import_v upon_o they_o clip_a money_n of_o the_o portugal_n stamp_n clip_v and_o clip_a money_n have_v beside_o this_o robbery_n of_o the_o public_a other_o great_a inconvenience_n as_o the_o disorder_v of_o trade_n raise_v foreign_a exchange_n and_o a_o general_a disturbance_n which_o every_o one_o feel_v thereby_o in_o his_o private_a affair_n clip_v be_v so_o gainful_a and_o so_o secret_a a_o robbery_n that_o penalty_n can_v restrain_v it_o as_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n nothing_o i_o humble_o conceive_v can_v put_v a_o stop_n to_o clip_v now_o it_o be_v grow_v so_o universal_a and_o man_n become_v so_o skilful_a in_o it_o but_o make_v it_o unprofitable_a nothing_o can_v make_v clip_v unprofitable_a but_o make_v all_o light_a money_n go_v only_o for_o its_o weight_n this_o stop_v clip_v in_o a_o moment_n bring_v out_o all_o the_o mill_v and_o weighty_a money_n deprive_v we_o not_o of_o any_o part_n of_o our_o clip_a money_n for_o the_o use_n of_o trade_n and_o bring_v it_o orderly_o and_o by_o degree_n and_o without_o force_n into_o the_o mint_n to_o be_v recoined_a if_o clip_a money_n be_v call_v in_o all_o at_o once_o and_o stop_v from_o pass_v by_o weight_n i_o fear_v it_o will_v stop_v trade_n put_v our_o affair_n all_o at_o a_o stand_n and_o introduce_v confusion_n whereas_o if_o it_o be_v permit_v to_o pass_v by_o its_o weight_n till_o it_o can_v by_o degree_n be_v coin_v the_o stamp_n secure_v its_o fineness_n as_o well_o then_o as_o now_o and_o the_o scale_n determine_v its_o weight_n it_o will_v serve_v for_o the_o pay_v of_o great_a sum_n as_o commodious_o almost_o as_o weighty_a money_n and_o the_o weighty_a money_n be_v then_o bring_v out_o will_v serve_v for_o the_o market_n trade_n and_o less_o payment_n and_o also_o to_o weigh_v the_o clip_a money_n by_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o clip_a money_n be_v allow_v to_o pass_v current_n by_o tale_n till_o it_o be_v all_o recoined_a one_o of_o these_o two_o effect_n will_v apparent_o follow_v either_o that_o we_o shall_v want_v money_n for_o trade_n as_o the_o clip_a money_n decrease_v by_o be_v coin_v into_o weighty_a for_o very_o few_o if_o any_o body_n who_o get_v weighty_a money_n into_o their_o hand_n will_v part_v with_o it_o whilst_o clip_a money_n not_o of_o half_a the_o value_n be_v current_n or_o if_o they_o do_v the_o coiner_n and_o clipper_n will_v pick_v it_o up_o and_o new_a coin_n and_o clip_v it_o whereby_o clip_a money_n will_v be_v increase_v so_o that_o by_o this_o way_n either_o money_n will_v be_v want_v to_o trade_n or_o clip_a money_n continue_v if_o clip_a money_n be_v stop_v all_o at_o once_o there_o be_v immediate_o a_o stop_n of_o trade_n if_o it_o be_v permit_v to_o pass_v in_o tale_n as_o if_o it_o be_v lawful_a weighty_a money_n whilst_o it_o be_v recoin_v and_o till_o all_o be_v recoined_a that_o way_n also_o there_o will_v be_v a_o end_n of_o trade_n or_o no_o end_n of_o clip_a money_n but_o if_o it_o be_v make_v to_o pass_v for_o its_o weight_n till_o it_o be_v all_o recoined_a both_o these_o evil_n be_v avoid_v and_o the_o weighty_a money_n which_o we_o want_v will_v be_v bring_v out_o to_o boot_v money_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o carry_v on_o of_o trade_n for_o where_o money_n fail_v man_n can_v buy_v and_o trade_n stop_v credit_n will_v supply_v the_o defect_n of_o it_o to_o some_o small_a degree_n for_o a_o little_a while_n but_o credit_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o expectation_n of_o money_n within_o some_o limit_a time_n money_n must_v be_v have_v or_o credit_n will_v fail_v money_n also_o be_v necessary_a to_o we_o in_o a_o certain_a proportion_n to_o the_o plenty_n of_o it_o among_o our_o neighbour_n for_o if_o any_o of_o our_o neighbour_n have_v it_o in_o a_o much_o great_a abundance_n than_o we_o we_o be_v many_o way_n obnoxious_a to_o they_o 1._o they_o can_v maintain_v a_o great_a force_n 2._o they_o can_v tempt_v away_o our_o people_n by_o great_a wage_n to_o serve_v they_o by_o land_n or_o sea_n or_o in_o any_o labour_n 3._o they_o can_v command_v the_o market_n and_o thereby_o break_v our_o trade_n and_o make_v we_o poor_a 4._o they_o can_v on_o any_o occasion_n engross_v naval_a and_o warlike_a store_n and_o thereby_o endanger_v we_o in_o country_n where_o domestic_a mine_n do_v not_o supply_v it_o nothing_o can_v bring_v in_o silver_n but_o tribute_n or_o trade_n tribute_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o conquest_n trade_n of_o skill_n and_o industry_n by_o commerce_n silver_n be_v bring_v in_o only_o by_o a_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n a_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n be_v when_o the_o quantity_n of_o commodity_n which_o we_o send_v to_o any_o country_n do_v more_o than_o pay_v for_o those_o we_o bring_v from_o thence_o for_o then_o the_o overplus_n be_v bring_v home_o in_o bullion_n bullion_n be_v silver_n who_o workmanship_n have_v no_o value_n and_o thus_o foreign_a coin_n have_v no_o value_n here_o for_o its_o stamp_n and_o our_o coin_n be_v bullion_n in_o foreign_a dominion_n it_o be_v useless_a and_o labour_n in_o vain_a to_o coin_v silver_n import_v into_o any_o country_n where_o it_o be_v not_o to_o stay_v silver_n import_v can_v stay_v in_o any_o country_n in_o which_o by_o a_o overbalance_n of_o their_o whole_a trade_n it_o be_v not_o make_v they_o and_o do_v not_o become_v a_o real_a increase_n of_o their_o wealth_n if_o by_o a_o general_a balance_n of_o its_o trade_n england_n yearly_o send_v out_o commodity_n to_o the_o value_n of_o 400.000_o ounce_n of_o silver_n more_o than_o the_o commodity_n we_o bring_v home_o from_o abroad_o cost_v we_o there_o be_v 100000_o l._n every_o year_n clear_a gain_n which_o will_v come_v home_o in_o money_n be_v a_o real_a increase_n of_o our_o wealth_n and_o will_v stay_v here_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o upon_o a_o general_a balance_n of_o our_o whole_a trade_n we_o yearly_o import_v commodity_n from_o other_o part_n to_o the_o value_n of_o 100.000_o l._n more_o than_o our_o commodity_n export_v pay_v for_o we_o every_o year_n grow_v 100000_o l._n poor_a and_o if_o we_o shall_v import_v a_o million_o in_o bullion_n from_o spain_n every_o year_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o we_o it_o be_v no_o increase_n to_o our_o wealth_n nor_o can_v it_o stay_v here_o but_o must_v be_v export_v again_o every_o grain_n of_o it_o with_o 100.000_o l._n of_o our_o own_o money_n to_o boot_v i_o have_v hear_v it_o propose_v as_o a_o way_n to_o keep_v our_o money_n here_o that_o we_o shall_v pay_v our_o debt_n contract_v beyond_o sea_n by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n the_o idleness_n of_o such_o a_o proposition_n will_v appear_v when_o the_o nature_n of_o exchange_n be_v a_o little_a consider_v foreign_a exchange_n be_v the_o pay_v of_o money_n in_o one_o country_n to_o receive_v it_o in_o another_o the_o exchange_n be_v high_a when_o a_o man_n pay_v for_o bill_n of_o exchange_n above_o the_o
by_o the_o mill_n it_o matter_n not_o how_o the_o mark_n or_o stamp_v of_o our_o crown_n our_o shilling_n and_o our_o threepence_n can_v any_o body_n say_v that_o now_o they_o have_v get_v the_o stamp_n of_o our_o mint_n upon_o they_o they_o be_v so_o fall_v in_o value_n or_o the_o other_o unstamp_v piece_n so_o rise_v that_o that_o unstamp_v piece_n which_o a_o moment_n before_o be_v worth_a only_a one_o of_o the_o other_o piece_n be_v now_o worth_n they_o all_o three_o which_o be_v to_o say_v that_o a_o ounce_n of_o uncoined_a silver_n be_v worth_a a_o ounce_n and_o a_o quarter_n of_o coin_v this_o be_v what_o man_n will_v persuade_v we_o when_o they_o say_v that_o bullion_n be_v raise_v to_o 6_o s._n 5_o d._n of_o lawful_a money_n the_o ounce_n which_o i_o say_v be_v utter_o impossible_a let_v we_o consider_v this_o a_o little_a far_o in_o a_o other_o instance_n the_o present_a mill_v crown_n piece_n say_v they_o will_v not_o exchange_v for_o a_o once_o of_o bullion_n without_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o shilling_n and_o a_o threepence_n of_o weighty_a coin_n add_v to_o it_o coin_v but_o that_o crown_n piece_n into_o 6_o s._n and_o 3_o d._n and_o then_o they_o say_v it_o will_v buy_v a_o ounce_n of_o bullion_n or_o else_o they_o give_v up_o their_o reason_n and_o measure_n of_o raise_v the_o money_n do_v that_o which_o be_v allow_v to_o be_v equivalent_a to_o coin_v of_o a_o present_a mill_v crown_n piece_n â—nto_o 6_o s._n 3_o d._n viz._n call_v it_o 75_o penny_n and_o then_o also_o it_o must_v by_o this_o rule_n of_o raisingâ—ny_n â—ny_z a_o ounce_n of_o bullion_n if_o this_o be_v so_o the_o selfsame_a milled_a crown_n piece_n will_n and_o will_v not_o exchange_v for_o a_o ounce_n of_o bullion_n call_v â—t_a 60_o penny_n and_o it_o will_v not_o the_o very_a next_o moment_n call_v it_o 75_o penny_n and_o it_o will_n i_o be_o afraid_a no_o body_n can_v think_v change_n of_o denomination_n have_v such_o a_o power_n mr._n lowndes_n support_v this_o his_o first_o reason_n with_o these_o word_n p._n 68_o this_o reason_n which_o i_o humble_o conceive_v will_v appear_v irrefragable_a be_v ground_v upon_o a_o truth_n so_o apparent_a that_o it_o may_v well_o be_v compare_v to_o a_o axiom_n even_o in_o mathematical_a reason_n to_o wit_n thâ—_n whensoever_o the_o intrinsic_a value_n of_o silver_n in_o the_o coin_n have_v be_v or_o shall_v be_v less_o than_o the_o price_n of_o silver_n in_o bullion_n the_o coin_n have_v and_o will_v be_v melt_v down_o this_o i_o think_v though_o it_o be_v allow_v mr._n lowndes_n for_o as_o apparent_a a_o truth_n and_o as_o certain_a a_o maxim_n as_o he_o can_v wish_v yet_o serveâ—_n not_o at_o all_o to_o his_o purpose_n of_o lessen_v thâ—_n coin_n for_o when_o the_o coin_n be_v as_o it_o shall_v be_v according_a to_o the_o standard_n let_v thâ—_n standard_n be_v what_o it_o will_v weighty_a anâ—_n unclipe_v it_o be_v impossible_a that_o the_o value_n oâ—_n coin_v silver_n shall_v be_v less_o than_o the_o value_n or_o price_n of_o uncoined_a because_o as_o i_o hauâ—_n show_v the_o value_n and_o quantity_n of_o silveâ—_n be_v the_o same_o and_o where_o the_o quantity_n be_v equal_a the_o value_n be_v equal_a except_v only_o the_o odds_o that_o may_v be_v between_o bullion_n that_o may_v be_v free_o export_v and_o coin_v silver_n that_o may_v not_o the_o odds_o whereoâ—_n scarce_o ever_o amount_v to_o above_o 2_o d._n per_fw-la ounce_n and_o rare_o to_o above_o a_o penny_n or_o a_o halfpenny_n and_o this_o odds_o whatever_o it_o be_v will_v equal_o belong_v to_o his_o raise_v mill_v money_n which_o can_v be_v export_v as_o it_o will_v to_o our_o present_a milled_a money_n which_o can_v not_o be_v export_v as_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o show_v more_o particular_o here_o after_o all_o this_o disorder_n and_o a_o thousand_o other_o come_v from_o light_n and_o unlawful_a money_n be_v current_n for_o than_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n that_o bullion_n shall_v be_v keep_v up_o to_o the_o value_n of_o your_o clip_a money_n that_o be_v that_o bullion_n shall_v not_o be_v sell_v by_o the_o ounce_n for_o less_o than_o 6_o s._n 5_o d._n when_o that_o 6_o s._n 5_o d._n clip_a money_n pay_v for_o it_o do_v not_o weigh_v above_o a_o ounce_n this_o instance_n therefore_o of_o the_o present_a price_n of_o bullion_n prove_v nothing_o but_o that_o the_o quantity_n of_o silver_n in_o money_n govern_v the_o value_n of_o it_o and_o not_o the_o denomination_n as_o appear_v when_o clip_v money_n be_v bring_v to_o buy_v bullion_n this_o be_v a_o fair_a trial_n silver_n be_v set_v against_o silver_n and_o by_o that_o be_v see_v whether_o clip_a money_n be_v of_o the_o same_o value_n with_o weighty_a of_o the_o same_o denomination_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v not_o the_o quanquantity_v of_o silver_n in_o it_o that_o regulate_v its_o value_n i_o can_v but_o wonder_v that_o mr._n lowndes_n a_o man_n so_o well_o skilled_a in_o the_o law_n especial_o of_o the_o mint_n the_o exchequer_n and_o of_o our_o money_n shall_v all_o along_o in_o this_o argument_n speak_v of_o clip_a money_n as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o lawful_a money_n of_o england_n and_o shall_v propose_v by_o that_o which_o be_v in_o effect_n by_o the_o clipper_n shears_n to_o regulate_v a_o new_a sort_n of_o coin_n to_o be_v introduce_v into_o england_n and_o if_o he_o will_v stand_v to_o that_o measure_n and_o lessen_v the_o new_a coin_v to_o the_o rate_n of_o bullion_n sell_v in_o exchange_n for_o present_v current_a clip_a money_n to_o prevent_v its_o be_v melt_v down_o he_o must_v make_v it_o yet_o much_o light_a than_o he_o propose_v and_o the_o raise_n it_o or_o to_o give_v it_o its_o due_a name_n the_o lessen_v of_o it_o â…•_n will_v not_o serve_v the_o turn_n for_o i_o will_v be_v bold_a to_o say_v that_o bullion_n now_o in_o england_n be_v no_o where_o to_o be_v buy_v by_o the_o ounce_n for_o 6_o s._n 5_o d._n of_o our_o present_a current_n clip_v money_n so_o that_o if_o his_o rule_n be_v true_a and_o nothing_o can_v save_v the_o weighty_a coin_n from_o melt_v down_o but_o reduce_v it_o to_o the_o weight_n that_o clip_a money_n be_v bring_v to_o he_o must_v lessen_v the_o money_n in_o his_o new_a coin_n much_o more_o than_o â…•_n for_o a_o ounce_n of_o standard_n bullion_n will_v always_o be_v worth_a a_o ounce_n of_o clip_a money_n whether_o that_o in_o tale_n amount_v to_o 6_o s._n 5_o d._n 6_o s._n 6_o d._n ten_o shilling_n or_o any_o other_o number_n of_o shilling_n or_o penny_n of_o the_o nickname_v clip_a money_n for_o a_o piece_n of_o silver_n that_o be_v coin_v for_o a_o shilling_n but_o have_v half_o the_o silver_n clip_v off_o in_o the_o law_n and_o in_o propriety_n of_o speech_n be_v no_o more_o a_o shilling_n than_o a_o piece_n of_o wood_n which_o be_v once_o a_o seal_a yard_n be_v still_o a_o yard_n when_o one_o half_a of_o it_o be_v break_v off_o let_v we_o consider_v this_o maxim_n a_o little_a further_o which_o out_o of_o the_o language_n of_o the_o mint_n in_o plain_a 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above_o the_o value_n of_o the_o silver_n in_o our_o coin_n be_v give_v only_o to_o preserve_v our_o coin_n from_o be_v melt_v down_o for_o no_o body_n buy_v bullion_n at_o above_o 5_o s._n 2_o d._n the_o ounce_n which_o be_v just_a the_o value_n for_o any_o other_o reason_n but_o to_o avoid_v the_o crime_n and_o hazard_n of_o melt_v down_o our_o coin_n i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v agree_v on_o all_o hand_n that_o no_o body_n will_v melt_v down_o our_o money_n but_o for_o profit_n now_o profit_n can_v be_v make_v by_o melt_v down_o our_o money_n but_o only_o in_o two_o case_n first_o when_o the_o current_a piece_n of_o the_o same_o denomination_n be_v unequal_a and_o of_o different_a weight_n some_o heavy_a some_o light_a for_o then_o the_o trader_n in_o money_n cull_v out_o the_o heavy_a and_o melt_v they_o down_o with_o profit_n this_o be_v the_o ordinary_a fault_n of_o coin_v by_o the_o hammer_n wherein_o it_o usual_o suffice_v that_o a_o bar_n of_o silver_n be_v cut_v into_o as_o 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with_o the_o product_n of_o our_o commodity_n there_o must_v send_v silver_n from_o hence_o to_o reimburse_v they_o and_o repay_v the_o money_n they_o have_v draw_v out_o of_o their_o hand_n whilst_o bullion_n may_v be_v have_v for_o a_o small_a price_n more_o than_o the_o weight_n of_o our_o current_n cash_n these_o exchanger_n general_o choose_v rather_o to_o buy_v bullion_n than_o run_v the_o risk_a of_o melt_v down_o our_o coin_n which_o be_v criminal_a by_o the_o law_n and_o thus_o the_o matter_n for_o the_o most_o part_n go_v whilst_o mill_v and_o clip_v money_n pass_v promiscuous_o in_o payment_n for_o so_o long_a a_o clip_a half-crown_n be_v as_o good_a here_o as_o a_o mill_v one_o since_o one_o pass_v and_o can_v be_v have_v as_o free_o as_o the_o other_o but_o as_o soon_o as_o there_o begin_v to_o be_v a_o distinction_n between_o clip_a and_o unclipt_a money_n and_o weighty_a money_n can_v no_o long_o be_v have_v for_o the_o light_n bullion_n as_o be_v natural_a rose_n and_o it_o will_v fall_v again_o to_o morrow_n to_o the_o price_n it_o be_v at_o before_o if_o there_o be_v none_o but_o weighty_a money_n to_o pay_v for_o it_o in_o short_a whenever_o the_o whole_a of_o our_o foreign_a trade_n and_o consumption_n exceed_v our_o exportation_n of_o commodity_n our_o money_n must_v go_v to_o pay_v our_o debt_n so_o contract_v whether_o melt_v or_o not_o melt_v down_o if_o the_o law_n make_v the_o exportation_n of_o our_o coin_n penal_a it_o will_v be_v melt_v down_o if_o it_o leave_v the_o exportation_n of_o our_o coin_n free_a as_o in_o holland_n it_o will_v be_v carry_v out_o in_o specie_fw-la one_o way_n or_o other_o go_v it_o must_v as_o we_o see_v in_o spain_n but_o whether_o melt_v down_o or_o unmelted_a down_o it_o matter_n little_a our_o coin_n and_o treasure_n will_v be_v both_o way_n equal_o diminish_v and_o can_v be_v restore_v only_o by_o a_o overbalance_n of_o our_o whole_a exportation_n to_o our_o whole_a importation_n of_o consumable_a commodity_n law_n make_v against_o exportation_n of_o money_n or_o bullion_n will_v be_v all_o in_o vain_a restraint_n or_o liberty_n in_o that_o matter_n make_v no_o country_n rich_a or_o poor_a as_o we_o see_v in_o holland_n which_o have_v plenty_n of_o money_n under_o the_o free_a liberty_n of_o its_o exportation_n and_o spain_n in_o great_a want_n of_o money_n under_o the_o severe_a penalty_n against_o carry_v of_o it_o out_o but_o the_o coin_n or_o not_o coin_v our_o money_n on_o the_o same_o foot_n it_o be_v before_o or_o in_o big_a or_o less_o piece_n and_o under_o whatsoever_o denomination_n you_o please_v contribute_v nothing_o to_o or_o against_o its_o melt_v down_o or_o exportation_n so_o our_o money_n be_v all_o keep_v each_o species_n in_o its_o full_a weight_n of_o silver_n according_a to_o the_o standard_n for_o if_o some_o be_v heavy_a and_o some_o light_a allow_v to_o be_v current_n so_o under_o the_o same_o denomination_n the_o heavy_a will_v be_v melt_v down_o where_o the_o temptation_n of_o profit_n be_v considerable_a which_o in_o well_o regulate_v coin_n keep_v to_o the_o standard_n can_v be_v but_o this_o melt_a down_o carry_v not_o away_o one_o grain_n of_o our_o treasure_n out_o of_o england_n the_o come_n and_o go_v of_o that_o depend_v whole_o upon_o the_o balance_n of_o our_o trade_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o wrong_a conclusion_n which_o we_o find_v p._n 71._o that_o continue_v either_o old_a or_o new_a coin_n on_o the_o present_a foot_n will_v be_v nothing_o else_o but_o furnish_v a_o species_n to_o melt_v down_o at_o a_o extravagant_a profit_n and_o will_v encourage_v a_o violent_a exportation_n of_o our_o silver_n for_o sake_n of_o the_o gain_n only_o till_o we_o shall_v have_v little_a or_o none_o leave_v for_o example_n let_v we_o suppose_v all_o our_o light_a money_n new_o coin_v upon_o the_o foot_n that_o this_o gentleman_n will_v have_v it_o and_o all_o our_o old_a milled_a crown_n go_v for_o 75_o penny_n as_o he_o propose_v and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o old_a mill_v money_n proportionable_o i_o desire_v it_o to_o be_v show_v how_o this_o will_v hinder_v the_o exportation_n of_o one_o ounce_n of_o silver_n whilst_o our_o affair_n be_v in_o the_o present_a posture_n again_o on_o the_o other_o side_n suppose_v all_o our_o money_n be_v now_o mill_v coin_n upon_o the_o present_a foot_n and_o our_o balance_n of_o trade_n change_v our_o exportation_n of_o commodity_n be_v a_o million_o more_o than_o our_o importation_n and_o like_a to_o continue_v so_o yearly_a whereof_o one_o be_v to_o holland_n and_o the_o other_o to_o flanders_n there_o be_v a_o equal_a balance_n between_o england_n and_o all_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n we_o trade_n to_o i_o ask_v what_o possible_a gain_n can_v any_o english_a man_n make_v by_o melt_v down_o and_o carry_v out_o our_o money_n to_o holland_n and_o flanders_n when_o a_o million_o be_v to_o come_v thence_o hither_o and_o english_a man_n have_v more_o there_o already_o than_o they_o know_v how_o to_o use_v there_o and_o can_v not_o get_v home_o without_o pay_v dear_a there_o for_o bill_n of_o exchange_n if_o that_o be_v the_o case_n of_o our_o trade_n the_o exchange_n will_v present_o fall_v here_o and_o rise_v there_o beyond_o the_o par_fw-fr of_o their_o money_n to_o we_o i._n e._n a_o english_a merchant_n must_v give_v in_o holland_n more_o silver_n for_o the_o bill_n he_o buy_v there_o than_o he_o shall_v receive_v upon_o those_o bill_n here_o if_o the_o two_o sum_n be_v weigh_v one_o against_o the_o other_o or_o run_v the_o risk_a of_o bring_v it_o home_o in_o specie_fw-la and_o what_o then_o can_v any_o english_a man_n get_v by_o export_v of_o our_o money_n or_o silver_n thither_o these_o be_v the_o only_a
coin_n that_o be_v to_o be_v raise_v and_o then_o we_o have_v mr._n lowndes_n of_o our_o side_n too_o against_o its_o raise_n i_o think_v it_o be_v abundant_o prove_v already_o that_o standard_n bullion_n neither_o be_v nor_o can_v be_v worth_a one_o five_o more_o than_o our_o lawful_a weighty_a money_n and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o by_o mr._n lowndes_n confession_n there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o raise_v our_o present_a legal_a mill_v money_n to_o that_o degree_n and_o it_o be_v only_o our_o clip_a money_n that_o want_v amendment_n and_o when_o that_o be_v recoined_a and_o reduce_v all_o to_o mill_v and_o lawful_a money_n that_o then_o too_o will_v have_v no_o need_n of_o raise_v this_o i_o shall_v now_o prove_v out_o of_o mr._n lowndes_n own_o word_n here_o mr._n lowndes_n in_o the_o forecited_a word_n compare_v the_o value_n of_o silver_n in_o our_o coin_n to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o same_o silver_n reduce_v to_o bullion_n which_o he_o suppose_v to_o be_v as_o four_o to_o five_o make_v that_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o raise_v our_o money_n if_o this_o be_v the_o difference_n of_o value_n between_o silver_n in_o bullion_n and_o silver_n in_o coin_n and_o it_o be_v true_a that_o four_o ounce_n of_o standard_n bullion_n be_v worth_a five_o ounce_n of_o the_o same_o silver_n coin_v or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n that_o bullion_n will_v sell_v by_o the_o ounce_n for_o six_o shilling_n and_o five_o penny_n unclipe_v money_n i_o will_v take_v the_o boldness_n to_o advise_v his_o majesty_n to_o buy_v or_o to_o borrow_v any_o where_o so_o much_o bullion_n or_o rather_o than_o be_v without_o it_o melt_v down_o so_o much_o plate_n as_o be_v equal_a in_o weight_n to_o twelve_o hundred_o pound_n sterling_a of_o our_o present_a milled_a money_n this_o let_v he_o sell_v for_o milled_a money_n and_o according_a to_o our_o author_n rule_n it_o will_v yield_v fifteen_o hundred_o pound_n let_v that_o fifteen_o hundred_o pound_n be_v reduce_v into_o bullion_n and_o sell_v again_o and_o it_o will_v produce_v eighteen_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o pound_n which_o 1860_o l._n of_o weighty_a money_n be_v reduce_v to_o bullion_n will_v still_o produce_v one_o five_o more_o in_o weight_n of_o silver_n be_v sell_v for_o weighty_a money_n and_o thus_o his_o majesty_n may_v get_v at_o least_o three_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o pound_n by_o sell_v of_o bullion_n for_o weighty_a money_n and_o melt_v that_o down_o into_o bullion_n as_o fast_o as_o he_o receive_v it_o till_o he_o have_v bring_v into_o his_o hand_n the_o million_o and_o six_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n which_o mr._n lowndes_n compute_v there_o be_v of_o weighty_a money_n leave_v in_o england_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o every_o one_o who_o read_v it_o will_v think_v this_o a_o very_a ridiculous_a proposition_n but_o he_o must_v think_v it_o ridiculous_a for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o because_o he_o see_v it_o be_v impossible_a that_o bullion_n shall_v sell_v for_o one_o five_o above_o its_o weight_n of_o the_o same_o silver_n coin_v that_o be_v than_o a_o ounce_n of_o standard_n silver_n shall_v sell_v for_o six_o shilling_n five_o penny_n of_o our_o present_a weighty_a money_n for_o if_o it_o will_v it_o be_v no_o ridiculous_a thing_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v melt_v down_o and_o make_v that_o profit_n of_o his_o money_n if_o our_o author_n rule_n p._n 78_o where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o only_a just_a and_o reasonable_a foot_n upon_o which_o the_o coin_n shall_v be_v current_n be_v the_o very_a price_n of_o the_o silver_n thereof_o in_o case_n it_o be_v melt_v in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o coin_n be_v make_v current_a be_v to_o be_v observe_v our_o money_n be_v to_o be_v raise_v but_o a_o half_a penny_n in_o five_o shilling_n for_o that_o be_v the_o ordinary_a odds_o in_o the_o price_n between_o bullion_n and_o coin_v silver_n before_o clip_v have_v deprive_v we_o in_o commerce_n of_o all_o our_o milled_a and_o weighty_a money_n and_o silver_n in_o standard_n bullion_n will_v not_o be_v in_o value_n one_o jot_n above_o the_o same_o silver_n in_o coin_n if_o clip_a money_n be_v not_o current_a by_o tale_n and_o coin_v silver_n as_o mr._n lowndes_n propose_v p._n 73_o as_o well_o as_o bullion_n have_v the_o liberty_n of_o exportation_n for_o when_o we_o have_v no_o clip_a money_n but_o all_o our_o current_a coin_n be_v weight_n according_a to_o the_o standard_n all_o the_o odds_o of_o value_n that_o silver_n in_o bullion_n have_v to_o silver_n in_o coin_n be_v only_o owe_v to_o the_o prohibition_n of_o its_o exportation_n in_o money_n and_o never_o rise_v nor_o can_v rise_v above_o what_o the_o goldsmith_n shall_v estimate_v the_o risk_a and_o trouble_v of_o melt_v it_o down_o which_o be_v so_o little_a that_o the_o importer_n of_o silver_n can_v never_o raise_v it_o to_o above_o a_o half_a penny_n a_o ounce_n but_o at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o east-india_n company_n or_o some_o foreign_a sale_n call_v for_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o silver_n at_o a_o time_n make_v the_o goldsmith_n scramble_v for_o it_o and_o so_o the_o importer_n of_o bullion_n raise_v its_o price_n upon_o they_o according_a to_o the_o present_a need_n of_o great_a quantity_n of_o silver_n which_o every_o goldsmith_n eager_a to_o engross_v to_o himself_o as_o much_o as_o he_o can_v be_v content_a to_o pay_v high_a for_o rather_o than_o go_v without_o his_o present_a gain_n from_o those_o who_o he_o furnish_v and_o who_o otherwise_o he_o can_v not_o furnish_v make_v he_o amends_o the_o natural_a value_n then_o between_o silver_n in_o bullion_n and_o in_o coin_n be_v i_o say_v every_o where_o equal_a bate_v the_o charge_n of_o coinage_n which_o give_v the_o advantage_n to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o coin_n the_o ordinary_a odds_o here_o in_o england_n between_o silver_n in_o bullion_n and_o the_o same_o in_o our_o coin_n be_v by_o reason_n that_o the_o stamp_n hinder_v its_o free_a exportation_n about_o a_o half_a penny_n in_o the_o crown_n the_o accidental_a difference_n by_o reason_n of_o sudden_a occasion_n be_v sometime_o but_o rare_o two_o penny_n in_o five_o shilling_n or_o somewhat_o more_o in_o great_a urgency_n and_o since_o the_o ordinary_a rate_n of_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v take_v as_o the_o measure_n of_o their_o price_n and_o mr._n lowndes_n tell_v we_o p._n 78._o that_o if_o the_o value_n of_o the_o silver_n in_o the_o coin_n shall_v be_v raise_v above_o the_o value_n or_o market_n price_n of_o the_o same_o silver_n reduce_v to_o bullion_n the_o subject_n will_v be_v proportionable_o injure_v and_o defraud_v i_o leave_v he_o to_o make_v the_o inference_n what_o will_v be_v the_o consequence_n in_o england_n if_o our_o coin_n be_v raise_v here_o one_o five_o or_o twenty_o per_fw-la cent._n mr._n lowndes_n say_v far_o p._n 80._o that_o silver_n have_v a_o price_n i_o answer_v silver_n to_o silver_n can_v have_v no_o other_o price_n but_o quantity_n for_o quantity_n if_o there_o be_v any_o other_o difference_n in_o value_n it_o be_v or_o can_v be_v nothing_o but_o one_o of_o these_o two_o first_o either_o the_o value_n of_o the_o labour_n employ_v about_o one_o parcel_n of_o silver_n more_o than_o another_o make_v a_o difference_n in_o their_o price_n and_o thus_o fashion_a plate_n sell_v for_o more_o than_o its_o weight_n of_o the_o same_o silver_n and_o in_o country_n where_o the_o owner_n pay_v for_o the_o coinage_n silver_n in_o coin_n be_v more_o worth_a than_o its_o weight_n in_o bullion_n but_o here_o where_o the_o public_a pay_v the_o coinage_n they_o be_v of_o very_o near_o equal_a value_n when_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o exportation_n for_o then_o there_o be_v no_o more_o odds_o than_o the_o trouble_n of_o carry_v the_o bullion_n to_o the_o mint_n and_o fetch_v again_o be_v worth_a or_o the_o charge_n of_o refine_n so_o much_o of_o it_o as_o will_v bring_v it_o to_o standard_n if_o it_o be_v worse_o than_o standard_n or_o second_o some_o privilege_n belong_v to_o one_o parcel_n of_o silver_n which_o be_v deny_v to_o another_o viz._n here_o in_o england_n a_o liberty_n of_o exportation_n allow_v to_o silver_n in_o bullion_n deny_v to_o silver_n stamp_v this_o when_o there_o be_v need_n of_o exportation_n of_o silver_n give_v some_o small_a advantage_n of_o value_n to_o uncoined_a silver_n here_o above_z coin_v but_o that_o be_v ordinary_o very_o inconsiderable_a and_o can_v never_o reach_v to_o one_o five_o nor_o half_a one_o five_o as_o have_v be_v already_o show_v and_o this_o i_o think_v will_v answer_v all_o that_o be_v say_v about_o the_o price_n of_o silver_n in_o that_o place_n it_o be_v true_a what_o mr._n lowndes_n say_v in_o the_o next_o word_n p._n 81._o that_o five_o shilling_n coin_v upon_o the_o foâ—t_n propose_v will_v actual_o contain_v more_o real_a and_o intrinsic_a