ruler_n that_o they_o have_v break_v the_o law_n against_o usury_n any_o man_n will_v think_v that_o to_o rebuke_v and_o reclaim_v man_n from_o their_o sin_n the_o way_n have_v be_v to_o have_v name_v it_o in_o particular_a or_o the_o law_n by_o which_o it_o be_v prohibit_v but_o nehemiah_n do_v neither_o of_o these_o he_o only_o tell_v they_o it_o be_v not_o good_a what_o they_o do_v and_o ask_v they_o if_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o walk_v in_o the_o fear_n of_o their_o god_n because_o of_o the_o reproach_n of_o the_o heathen_a their_o enemieâ—_n not_o because_o of_o a_o particular_a law_n against_o usury_n but_o for_o that_o the_o name_n of_o god_n shall_v not_o be_v blaspheme_v by_o the_o heathen_n when_o they_o see_v how_o miserable_o the_o jew_n do_v oppress_v one_o another_o three_o nehemiah_n tell_v the_o noble_n that_o he_o and_o his_o servant_n may_v have_v exact_v as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o noble_n whereas_o if_o this_o exact_v have_v be_v usury_n he_o can_v not_o just_o say_v that_o he_o may_v have_v exact_v for_o it_o have_v be_v against_o the_o law_n last_o nehemiah_n do_v not_o threaten_v to_o punish_v they_o as_o he_o be_v a_o magistrate_n but_o entreat_v they_o by_o his_o charitable_a example_n to_o leave_v off_o their_o exact_v that_o burden_n so_o than_o nehemiah_n never_o name_v usury_n nor_o mention_v the_o law_n against_o it_o but_o suppose_v the_o act_n of_o the_o noble_n to_o be_v lawful_a but_o not_o expedient_a do_v incline_v my_o belief_n to_o think_v that_o this_o oppression_n be_v not_o proper_o usury_n although_o it_o have_v a_o covenant_n for_o gain_v and_o one_o reason_n why_o this_o be_v not_o usury_n may_v be_v because_o the_o people_n be_v not_o primary_o such_o poor_a necessitate_a brethren_n as_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o first_o law_n against_o usury_n for_o though_o these_o fall_v into_o want_n yet_o at_o the_o first_o they_o have_v land_n house_n vineyard_n and_o olive-ground_n for_o which_o they_o be_v to_o pay_v unto_o the_o king_n a_o yearly_a tribute_n another_o reason_n that_o avail_v with_o i_o to_o persuade_v that_o all_o contract_n for_o gain_n be_v not_o prohit_v as_o usurious_a be_v the_o testimony_n of_o our_o saviour_n luke_n 19.23_o who_o mention_v a_o bank_n of_o usury_n in_o the_o jewish_a commonwealth_n out_o of_o which_o a_o man_n by_o deliver_v in_o his_o money_n may_v at_o length_n receive_v his_o own_o with_o usury_n although_o our_o saviour_n do_v neither_o show_v dislike_n nor_o approbation_n of_o such_o a_o bank_n yet_o for_o it_o to_o be_v within_o any_o city_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o israel_n without_o the_o ordinance_n or_o at_o least_o allowance_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o magistrate_n be_v a_o thing_n most_o improbable_a and_o almost_o as_o unlikely_a that_o the_o state_n shall_v tolerate_v such_o a_o bank_n if_o all_o usury_n be_v of_o itself_o unlawful_a and_o also_o so_o pernicious_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n by_o the_o oppression_n of_o it_o as_o dr._n fenton_n pretend_v i_o find_v many_o reproof_n in_o the_o gospel_n of_o the_o false_a gloss_n and_o interpretation_n of_o the_o scribe_n and_o pharisee_n whereby_o they_o pervert_v the_o law_n in_o many_o thing_n but_o i_o find_v not_o any_o rebuke_n of_o the_o magistrate_n for_o this_o of_o usury_n if_o it_o have_v be_v such_o a_o public_a violation_n of_o the_o law_n it_o can_v not_o have_v be_v forget_v by_o our_o saviour_n christ_n and_o all_o his_o apostle_n but_o to_o what_o purpose_n be_v it_o to_o dispute_v about_o the_o term_n of_o the_o description_n of_o usury_n or_o what_o sort_n of_o contract_n it_o be_v when_o it_o appear_v plain_o in_o dr._n fenton_n that_o not_o only_o the_o covenant_n of_o lend_v but_o also_o in_o his_o opinion_n buy_v sell_v let_v exchange_a and_o the_o rest_n may_v be_v all_o contract_n of_o usury_n to_o give_v a_o instance_n these_o be_v his_o word_n pag._n 21._o with_o a_o hundred_o pound_n i_o purchase_v a_o annuity_n of_o twenty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la for_o ten_o year_n this_o be_v bargain_n and_o sale_n differ_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o covenant_n yet_o be_v it_o the_o same_o thing_n in_o truth_n with_o usury_n and_o so_o in_o another_o place_n pag._n 129._o he_o say_v the_o like_a i_o must_v say_v this_o be_v a_o express_a contradiction_n to_o affirm_v that_o purchase_n be_v buy_v and_o another_o manner_n of_o covenant_n differ_v from_o lend_v and_o yet_o to_o say_v in_o truth_n it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o usury_n which_o he_o say_v be_v lend_v this_o be_v to_o make_v buy_v and_o lend_v all_o one_o and_o to_o confound_v all_o contract_n as_o the_o term_n of_o covenant_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v within_o the_o text_n against_o usury_n so_o in_o the_o father_n of_o the_o church_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o it_o they_o abuse_v we_o therefore_o who_o pretend_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n for_o the_o condemn_n of_o all_o contract_n of_o gain_n for_o the_o use_n of_o money_n the_o truth_n be_v the_o canonist_n and_o schoolman_n be_v the_o first_o broacher_n of_o these_o description_n of_o usury_n which_o be_v now_o press_v upon_o we_o by_o some_o few_o modern_a divine_n antiquity_n be_v more_o modest_a and_o observant_a of_o the_o phrase_n of_o scripture_n which_o do_v deliver_v the_o law_n against_o usury_n in_o such_o restrain_a term_n as_o be_v by_o a_o just_a construction_n appliable_a proper_o to_o the_o rule_n of_o charity_n and_o equity_n for_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o poor_a only_o from_o the_o canon-lawyer_n who_o be_v the_o pope_n learned_a counsel_n in_o the_o law_n have_v dr._n fenton_n borrow_v not_o only_o his_o description_n but_o also_o his_o argument_n and_o distinction_n at_o the_o second_o or_o three_o hand_n for_o he_o take_v all_o from_o dr._n downam_n dr._n downam_n from_o melancthon_n and_o chemnitius_n and_o these_o two_o fetch_v it_o from_o canonist_n casuist_n and_o schoolman_n and_o although_o dr._n fenton_n be_v free_a from_o the_o sin_n of_o usury_n by_o borrow_v free_o his_o whole_a treatise_n from_o dr._n downam_n without_o pay_v the_o interest_n of_o one_o new_a argument_n or_o reason_n yet_o if_o dr._n fenton_n do_v not_o contract_n with_o dr._n downam_n for_o the_o borrow_n of_o the_o treatise_n he_o be_v little_o less_o than_o a_o plagiary_n and_o if_o we_o take_v this_o word_n in_o as_o large_a signification_n as_o they_o do_v the_o word_n usury_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o though_o dr._n fenton_n be_v not_o guilty_a of_o pay_v usury_n yet_o he_o have_v offend_v against_o another_o law_n in_o exod._n 21.16_o deut._n 24.7_o which_o be_v the_o great_a sin_n for_o although_o the_o law_n of_o god_n appoint_v no_o punishment_n for_o a_o usurer_n yet_o a_o plagiary_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o death_n of_o testimony_n of_o scripture_n i_o shall_v have_v proceed_v now_o to_o examine_v the_o property_n of_o lend_v and_o let_v and_o how_o they_o differ_v but_o because_o i_o find_v mention_n of_o they_o in_o several_a place_n of_o my_o author_n i_o will_v reserve_v they_o a_o while_n and_o first_o handle_v the_o text_n of_o scripture_n that_o be_v most_o material_a in_o this_o controversy_n three_o text_n only_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n about_o usury_n in_o the_o two_o first_o the_o poor_a be_v most_o express_o name_v and_o in_o the_o three_o necessary_o imply_v exod._n 22.25_o if_o thou_o lend_v to_o my_o people_n the_o poor_a with_o thou_o thou_o shall_v not_o be_v as_o a_o usurer_n unto_o he_o thou_o shall_v not_o oppress_v with_o usury_n levit._n 25.35_o if_o thy_o brother_n be_v impoverish_v or_o fall_v into_o decay_n with_o thou_o thou_o shall_v relieve_v he_o take_v thou_o no_o usury_n of_o he_o or_o increase_n thou_o shall_v not_o give_v he_o thy_o money_n upon_o usury_n nor_o lend_v he_o thy_o victual_n for_o increase_v by_o these_o two_o text_n we_o have_v a_o exact_a description_n of_o the_o poor_a who_o must_v be_v one_o impoverish_v and_o fall_v into_o decay_n one_o who_o hand_n as_o the_o text_n be_v be_v weaken_v and_o shake_v that_o he_o can_v labour_v one_o who_o thou_o have_v need_v to_o receive_v and_o relieve_v and_o one_o who_o be_v force_v to_o borrow_v victual_n for_o necessity_n the_o three_o text_n though_o it_o do_v not_o express_o name_v the_o poor_a yet_o that_o it_o have_v reference_n only_o to_o such_o be_v most_o probable_a first_o because_o as_o in_o the_o former_a text_n in_o levit._n where_o the_o poor_a be_v describe_v and_o one_o of_o their_o property_n mention_v to_o be_v borrow_v of_o victuallâ—_n so_o in_o deut._n 23.19_o where_o the_o name_n of_o poor_a be_v omit_v yet_o the_o property_n of_o borrow_a food_n be_v set_v down_o which_o to_o be_v the_o custom_n only_o of_o the_o poor_a
he_o so_o much_o as_o describe_v actual_a usury_n only_o he_o tell_v we_o of_o diversity_n of_o description_n of_o other_o but_o never_o let_v we_o know_v which_o he_o approve_v yet_o at_o last_o he_o contract_v the_o pith_n in_o three_o word_n but_o resolve_v not_o how_o we_o shall_v place_v they_o so_o leave_v we_o to_o a_o thus_o or_o thus_o or_o thus_o first_o he_o put_v lucre_n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o genus_fw-la and_o covenant_n in_o the_o room_n of_o a_o difference_n second_o he_o make_v covenant_n the_o genus_fw-la and_o lend_v the_o difference_n and_o last_o he_o put_v lend_v for_o a_o genus_fw-la and_o lucre_n for_o difference_n thus_o by_o turn_v the_o genus_fw-la into_o the_o difference_n and_o the_o difference_n into_o the_o genus_fw-la he_o leave_v we_o uncertain_a of_o his_o description_n yet_o conclude_v that_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o three_o word_n we_o may_v find_v usury_n but_o who_o know_v not_o that_o three_o word_n diverse_o place_v breed_v many_o time_n different_a and_o some_o time_n contrary_a sense_n yet_o this_o be_v all_o the_o definition_n you_o be_v like_a to_o find_v in_o he_o and_o thus_o in_o few_o line_n he_o pass_v over_o slight_o that_o necessary_a question_n which_o shall_v resolve_v our_o understanding_n what_o usury_n be_v but_o let_v we_o draw_v a_o little_a close_o and_o examine_v the_o pith_n of_o these_o three_o description_n cite_v by_o dr._n fenton_n and_o contract_v in_o three_o word_n pactum_fw-la ex_fw-la mutuo_fw-la lucrum_fw-la usury_n be_v lucre_n for_o lone_n upon_o covenant_n or_o the_o covenant_n of_o lucre_n for_o lend_v or_o lend_v upon_o covenant_n for_o lucre_n 1._o whereas_o he_o say_v usury_n be_v lucre_n he_o seem_v to_o make_v lucre_n or_o gain_n to_o be_v the_o genus_fw-la of_o usury_n this_o undoubted_o be_v a_o false_a genus_fw-la for_o certain_o usury_n be_v a_o sin_n of_o commission_n and_o therefore_o a_o action_n or_o operation_n so_o that_o lucre_n or_o gain_v which_o be_v only_o a_o passion_n or_o product_n of_o lend_v can_v be_v the_o genus_fw-la of_o it_o 2_o he_o make_v covenant_n to_o be_v the_o genus_fw-la let_v i_o ask_v he_o but_o this_o question_n a_o father_n to_o stir_v up_o only_o and_o try_v the_o industry_n of_o his_o son_n do_v lend_v he_o a_o hundred_o pound_n with_o a_o peirastical_a covenant_n for_o gain_n not_o intend_v with_o himself_o to_o take_v any_o interest_n at_o all_o of_o his_o son_n do_v any_o man_n take_v this_o to_o be_v usury_n in_o the_o father_n who_o never_o mean_v to_o take_v the_o least_o increase_n from_o his_o son_n sure_o then_o the_o bare_a covenant_n can_v be_v the_o sin_n of_o usury_n in_o this_o case_n 3_o he_o say_v usury_n be_v lend_v upon_o covenant_n for_o lucre_n in_o this_o description_n as_o also_o in_o the_o two_o former_a i_o find_v a_o manifest_a contradiction_n of_o his_o own_o principle_n and_o ground_n to_o lend_v for_o gain_n be_v no_o lend_v at_o all_o for_o lend_v say_v he_o pag._n 16._o in_o its_o own_o proper_a nature_n be_v free_a let_v be_v for_o hire_n or_o gain_v so_o that_o by_o this_o his_o doctrine_n lend_v for_o gain_n be_v no_o lend_v at_o all_o but_o let_v or_o hire_v out_o therefore_o if_o dr._n fenton_n have_v be_v true_a to_o his_o own_o principle_n he_o shall_v have_v define_v usury_n to_o have_v be_v let_v upon_o covenant_n for_o lucre_n or_o in_o brief_a let_v or_o hire_v of_o money_n but_o both_o dr._n fenton_n and_o all_o other_o antidaenist_n can_v endure_v to_o have_v usury_n call_v let_v or_o hire_v of_o money_n moreover_o i_o find_v in_o these_o three_o description_n that_o he_o imagine_v the_o gain_n or_o lucre_n be_v for_o the_o bare_a act_n of_o lend_v in_o which_o he_o be_v much_o mistake_v it_o be_v not_o for_o the_o lend_n but_o for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o thing_n lend_v that_o man_n give_v usury_n and_o answerable_a to_o the_o time_n for_o which_o money_n be_v let_v the_o increase_n or_o usury_n be_v more_o or_o less_o although_o the_o simple_a act_n of_o lend_v be_v alike_o in_o both_o the_o ordinary_a word_n usury_n which_o dr._n fenton_n derive_v from_o usus_fw-la rei_fw-la the_o use_n of_o the_o thing_n teach_v even_o child_n that_o usury_n be_v give_v for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o not_o for_o the_o bare_a lend_v again_o in_o these_o his_o three_o description_n the_o word_n covenant_n be_v perpetual_o find_v without_o any_o warrant_n of_o scripture_n yet_o he_o pretend_v by_o deduction_n to_o fetch_v it_o out_o of_o the_o text_n in_o exod._n 22.25_o thou_o shall_v not_o be_v as_o a_o usurer_n unto_o he_o thou_o shall_v not_o oppress_v with_o usury_n in_o the_o original_a it_o be_v thou_o shall_v not_o exact_v and_o thou_o shall_v not_o impose_v usury_n from_o whence_o dr._n fenton_n conclude_v that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o exaction_n or_o imposition_n upon_o a_o free_a person_n but_o by_o way_n of_o covenant_n pag._n 26._o under_o favour_n this_o his_o inference_n be_v false_a for_o exaction_n may_v be_v of_o thing_n neither_o covenant_v for_o nor_o due_a in_o the_o construction_n of_o our_o common_a law_n and_o of_o our_o vulgar_a phrase_n extortion_n and_o exaction_n be_v thus_o distinguish_v extortion_n be_v a_o wrong_n in_o take_v more_o than_o be_v due_a exaction_n be_v the_o take_n of_o that_o which_o be_v not_o due_a at_o all_o which_o distinction_n be_v false_a if_o that_o exaction_n must_v be_v by_o precedent_a contract_n the_o poor_a jew_n do_v ordinary_o borrow_v victual_n money_n and_o other_o necessary_n upon_o pawn_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o many_o text_n the_o lender_n who_o do_v take_v the_o pledge_n as_o a_o caution_n for_o his_o principal_a may_v detain_v it_o from_o the_o poor_a borower_n until_o he_o will_v allow_v some_o gain_n above_o the_o principal_a and_o by_o such_o unjust_a mean_n exact_a or_o impose_v a_o unconscionable_a increase_n without_o any_o precedent_a covenant_n there_o be_v small_a reason_n to_o imagine_v that_o such_o indigent_a people_n as_o be_v describe_v by_o moses_n who_o borrow_v only_o to_o supply_v a_o present_a want_n shall_v have_v credit_n sufficient_a to_o take_v up_o so_o large_a a_o sum_n for_o so_o long_a a_o time_n as_o may_v deserve_v a_o obligation_n or_o covenant_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o increase_n a_o man_n who_o can_v not_o have_v his_o bond_n take_v may_v yet_o have_v his_o garment_n receive_v for_o a_o pledge_n and_o pledge_n be_v ordinary_o give_v with_o intention_n of_o speedy_a redemption_n because_o raiment_n be_v almost_o as_o necessary_a as_o food_n the_o borrow_n in_o this_o kind_n be_v of_o thing_n of_o so_o small_a value_n that_o the_o use_n of_o they_o for_o a_o small_a season_n be_v hardly_o valuable_a may_v be_v a_o great_a reason_n of_o the_o prohibition_n of_o usury_n by_o moses_n in_o such_o case_n neither_o be_v a_o man_n that_o lend_v upon_o pawn_n in_o the_o like_a hazard_n with_o he_o that_o take_v bond_n or_o such_o security_n it_o be_v the_o confession_n of_o dr._n fenton_n that_o when_o the_o law_n against_o usury_n be_v give_v there_o be_v none_o that_o borrow_v but_o only_o the_o poor_a for_o need_n and_o upon_o necessity_n therefore_o without_o better_a warrant_n by_o direct_a and_o literal_a proof_n from_o the_o scripture_n it_o can_v be_v evince_v that_o this_o word_n covenant_n must_v necessary_o be_v require_v in_o the_o definition_n or_o description_n of_o usury_n although_o dr._n fenton_n conclude_v it_o be_v no_o usury_n except_o it_o be_v by_o covenant_n or_o by_o some_o dumb_a contract_n at_o the_o least_o dr._n downam_n omit_v this_o word_n covenant_n in_o his_o definition_n of_o usury_n i_o be_o strong_o persuade_v by_o a_o place_n in_o nehemiah_n to_o think_v that_o usury_n do_v not_o consist_v in_o contract_v for_o gain_v i_o find_v in_o the_o six_o chapter_n a_o grievous_a oppression_n describe_v a_o great_a cry_n of_o the_o people_n against_o their_o brethren_n the_o jew_n they_o be_v force_v to_o take_v up_o corn_n for_o themselves_o their_o son_n and_o daughter_n upon_o mortgage_n of_o their_o land_n vineyard_n and_o house_n they_o sell_v their_o child_n for_o bondslave_n these_o be_v man_n oppress_v by_o contract_n and_o be_v to_o pay_v twelve_o in_o the_o hundred_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o eleven_o verse_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o there_o be_v such_o passage_n and_o circumstance_n of_o the_o text_n as_o move_v i_o to_o think_v that_o this_o oppression_n be_v not_o proper_o usury_n first_o nehemiah_n never_o call_v it_o usury_n but_o only_o a_o burden_n neither_o the_o word_n neshec_fw-la nor_o tarbith_n nor_o marbith_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o this_o chapter_n and_o yet_o these_o be_v the_o only_a word_n in_o the_o law_n to_o express_v usury_n second_o nâ—hemiah_n never_o tell_v the_o noble_n and_o the_o
by_o buy_v and_o sell_v in_o the_o mercat_n at_o the_o same_o price_n that_o the_o owner_n of_o money_n do_v and_o it_o be_v the_o rate_n of_o the_o mercat_n that_o rule_v their_o use_n and_o not_o their_o usury_n the_o mercat_n the_o difference_n be_v only_o that_o the_o owner_n prove_v the_o great_a gainer_n and_o grow_v rich_a than_o the_o borrower_n who_o keep_v but_o part_n of_o their_o get_n because_o that_o their_o stock_n be_v not_o their_o own_o and_o questionless_a the_o common_a estimation_n of_o man_n will_v not_o value_n at_o 8._o or_o 10_o in_o the_o 100_o if_o it_o do_v not_o ordinary_o produce_v a_o competent_a increase_n both_o for_o borrower_n and_o lender_n if_o any_o man_n object_n that_o the_o prime_a gain_n which_o come_v by_o buy_v and_o sell_v and_o lead_v the_o rate_n of_o usury_n be_v too_o great_a i_o know_v no_o other_o answer_n but_o this_o if_o common_a custom_n may_v not_o determine_v reasonable_a gain_n i_o know_v not_o how_o it_o will_v be_v resolve_v since_o there_o be_v no_o rule_n in_o scripture_n for_o it_o but_o that_o man_n may_v grow_v rich_a by_o gain_n i_o find_v both_o practise_v and_o warrant_v by_o scripture_n neither_o be_v man_n restrain_v from_o gain_v more_o by_o trade_n than_o be_v simple_o necessary_a for_o life_n and_o be_v if_o dr._n fenton_n and_o those_o that_o condemn_v all_o usury_n have_v be_v so_o observant_a of_o the_o letter_n or_o literal_a sense_n of_o the_o law_n as_o they_o do_v pretend_v they_o will_v never_o have_v trouble_v themselves_o so_o much_o about_o contract_n which_o be_v not_o name_v in_o the_o law_n but_o will_v rather_o have_v conclude_v that_o the_o very_a take_n of_o usury_n or_o increase_n though_o it_o be_v not_o contract_v for_o be_v utter_o unlawful_a by_o the_o law_n in_o levit._n 25.36_o where_o it_o be_v say_v take_v thou_o no_o usury_n of_o he_o how_o then_o can_v these_o man_n justify_v the_o take_n of_o their_o foenus_fw-la liberâ—le_n which_o they_o commend_v or_o the_o foenus_fw-la nauticum_fw-la which_o they_o allow_v or_o the_o contractus_fw-la societatis_fw-la or_o partnership_n which_o they_o so_o much_o extol_v since_o all_o these_o be_v express_o forbid_v by_o the_o law_n if_o to_o take_v any_o increase_n be_v unlawful_a to_o the_o jew_n themselves_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o law_n do_v seem_v to_o condemn_v the_o take_n of_o a_o gratuâ—ty_n nay_o some_o of_o they_o do_v think_v it_o usury_n if_o a_o man_n do_v but_o salute_v or_o bid_v good_a morrow_n to_o he_o that_o have_v lend_v he_o money_n if_o he_o do_v not_o use_v to_o do_v so_o before_o he_o borrow_v it_o because_o in_o the_o original_a it_o be_v say_v thou_o shalâ—_z take_v no_o usury_n of_o any_o word_n deut._n 23._o our_o translation_n have_v it_o usury_n of_o any_o thing_n sure_o such_o salutation_n be_v not_o contract_v for_o nor_o be_v of_o any_o valuable_a price_n or_o money_n worth_a i_o do_v not_o find_v any_o text_n bring_v by_o dr._n fen._n out_o of_o the_o new_a testament_n against_o usury_n for_o the_o truth_n be_v there_o be_v none_o although_o d._n dow_n and_o some_o other_o do_v cite_v two_o text_n first_o mat._n 5.42_o give_v to_o he_o that_o ask_v and_o from_o he_o that_o will_v borrow_v of_o thou_o tuâ—n_n not_o away_o if_o we_o ask_v d._n dâ—wnam_n whether_o every_o one_o be_v bâ—und_v to_o lend_v to_o every_o one_o that_o ask_v his_o answer_n be_v respect_n be_v to_o be_v have_v of_o thy_o ability_n and_o of_o his_o necessity_n and_o also_o if_o it_o be_v not_o a_o case_n of_o urgent_a and_o present_a necessity_n of_o his_o honesty_n if_o his_o necessity_n urge_v he_o to_o borrow_v and_o thy_o estate_n enable_v thou_o to_o lend_v thou_o be_v bind_v to_o lend_v unto_o he_o especial_o if_o his_o honesty_n deserve_v to_o be_v respect_v lect._n on_o the_o 15._o psalm_n pag_n 224._o why_o may_v not_o the_o same_o respect_n be_v observe_v in_o the_o interpretation_n of_o all_o text_n against_o usury_n second_o he_o cite_v luk._n â—_z 35_o lend_v look_v for_o nothing_o thence_o last_o both_o he_o and_o dr._n fenton_n do_v apply_v all_o text_n that_o do_v mention_n lend_v free_o or_o charitableness_n to_o the_o poor_a or_o mercifulness_n to_o our_o neighbour_n as_o heap_n of_o so_o many_o place_n against_o usury_n although_o the_o name_n be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o whole_a new_a testament_n as_o condemn_v for_o my_o part_n i_o do_v glad_o hear_v all_o exhortation_n to_o charity_n and_o think_v they_o more_o than_o needful_a and_o if_o any_o man_n be_v so_o great_a a_o usurer_n as_o that_o he_o make_v himself_o thereby_o unable_a to_o be_v merciful_a to_o the_o poor_a such_o a_o man_n may_v be_v just_o condemn_v and_o i_o shall_v never_o defend_v he_o but_o to_o conclude_v because_o a_o man_n must_v give_v to_o the_o poor_a therefore_o he_o may_v not_o let_v to_o the_o rich_a be_v no_o good_a consequence_n the_o text_n â—hat_o bid_v i_o lend_v free_o do_v not_o thereby_o forbid_v not_o to_o let_v at_o all_o but_o that_o upon_o several_a occasion_n and_o according_a to_o divers_a circumstance_n i_o may_v do_v either_o if_o the_o command_n to_o observe_v one_o sort_n of_o contract_n be_v the_o prohibit_n of_o all_o other_o kind_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o i_o may_v neither_o give_v money_n to_o the_o poor_a nor_o sell_v victual_n to_o the_o rich_a because_o i_o be_o command_v to_o lend_v both_o but_o let_v we_o admit_v that_o both_o in_o the_o old_a and_o new_a testament_n the_o law_n against_o usury_n have_v be_v moral_a and_o deliver_v in_o as_o general_a term_n as_o can_v be_v devise_v be_v there_o not_o many_o law_n and_o text_n which_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v expound_v otherwise_o than_o the_o bare_a letter_n sound_v and_o according_a to_o such_o a_o sense_n as_o may_v stand_v with_o natural_a reason_n so_o that_o it_o contradict_v not_o any_o other_o plain_a or_o necessary_a doctrine_n nor_o overthrow_v the_o â—â—â—lâ—gie_n of_o faith_n there_o be_v a_o law_n of_o our_o saviour_n christ_n that_o say_v swear_v not_o at_o all_o and_o again_o he_o say_v to_o he_o that_o ask_v give_v neither_o of_o these_o law_n must_v be_v literal_o understand_v but_o interpret_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o natural_a reâ—son_n and_o discretion_n christ_n forbid_v his_o disciple_n to_o carry_v gold_n or_o silver_n or_o any_o manner_n of_o coin_n in_o their_o purse_n i_o do_v not_o think_v that_o dr._n fenton_n and_o other_o have_v follow_v the_o letter_n of_o this_o law_n but_o i_o trust_v they_o will_v grant_v a_o interpretation_n over_o and_o beside_o the_o bare_a letter_n there_o be_v divers_a such_o text_n as_o if_o thy_o eye_n offend_v thou_o pull_v it_o out_o pray_v continual_o if_o any_o sue_v thou_o for_o thy_o coat_n let_v he_o have_v thy_o cloak_n also_o all_o which_o if_o they_o be_v not_o otherwise_o understand_v than_o the_o bare_a word_n do_v bear_v will_v bring_v great_a confusion_n with_o they_o and_o such_o inconvenience_n as_o no_o reason_n nor_o law_n can_v or_o may_v allow_v in_o any_o case_n the_o light_n of_o nature_n must_v help_v to_o guide_v we_o in_o the_o interpretation_n of_o many_o text_n it_o be_v dr._n fen._n own_o confession_n p._n 34._o that_o usury_n be_v a_o question_n of_o that_o nature_n as_o be_v not_o only_o determinable_a by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n in_o scripture_n but_o also_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n those_o maxim_n and_o principle_n of_o common_a equity_n which_o be_v write_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n by_o the_o finger_n of_o god_n which_o point_n have_v need_n be_v well_o consider_v because_o as_o mr._n hooker_n say_v a_o number_n there_o be_v who_o think_v they_o can_v admire_v as_o they_o ought_v the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o word_n of_o god_n if_o in_o thing_n divine_a they_o shall_v attribute_v any_o force_n to_o man_n reason_n for_o which_o cause_n they_o never_o use_v reason_n so_o willing_o as_o to_o disgrace_v reason_n pag._n 97._o nor_o let_v any_o man_n think_v say_v he_o that_o follow_v the_o judgement_n of_o natural_a discretion_n we_o can_v have_v no_o assurance_n to_o please_v god_n for_o to_o the_o author_n and_o god_n of_o nature_n how_o shall_v any_o operation_n prâ—ceeding_v in_o natural_a sort_n be_v in_o that_o respect_n â—nacceptable_a the_o nature_n which_o himself_o have_v give_v to_o woâ—k_v by_o he_o can_v but_o be_v delight_v with_o when_o we_o exâ—rcise_v the_o same_o any_o way_n without_o commandment_n of_o his_o to_o the_o contrary_a pag._n 60._o now_o if_o any_o place_n in_o the_o bible_n may_v receive_v a_o interpretation_n from_o the_o rule_n and_o principle_n of_o natural_a reason_n why_o may_v not_o the_o text_n of_o usury_n since_o it_o be_v conversant_a altogether_o about_o covenant_n
bishop_n of_o winchester_n have_v a_o argument_n against_o usury_n take_v from_o the_o rule_n of_o our_o saviour_n luke_n 6.31_o as_o you_o will_v that_o man_n shall_v do_v to_o you_o do_v you_o also_o to_o they_o likewise_o nemo_fw-la say_v he_o sibi_fw-la vellet_fw-la vsuras_fw-la infligi_fw-la cum_fw-la fratre_fw-la sic_fw-la agate_n igitur_fw-la no_o man_n be_v willing_a to_o have_v usury_n take_v of_o he_o therefore_o he_o must_v not_o take_v himself_o every_o man_n desire_v to_o borrow_v free_o therefore_o he_o must_v lend_v free_o ans._n the_o rule_n of_o our_o saviour_n must_v necessary_o be_v thus_o expound_v whatsoever_o you_o will_v that_o be_v whatsoever_o you_o will_v according_a to_o right_a reason_n or_o commom_o justice_n for_o if_o any_o man_n be_v so_o unreasonable_a or_o so_o frantic_a as_o to_o will_v that_o other_o shall_v kill_v he_o yet_o my_o lord_n of_o winchester_n will_v not_o say_v that_o therefore_o that_o man_n may_v kill_v another_o so_o he_o that_o desire_v to_o borrow_v free_o break_v the_o rule_n of_o common_a equity_n and_o rectify_a reason_n by_o covet_v his_o neighbour_n good_n for_o he_o that_o desire_v to_o benefit_v himself_o by_o the_o use_n of_o another_o man_n good_n do_v therein_o uncharitable_o desire_v the_o hindrance_n of_o his_o neighbour_n also_o it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o greatness_n of_o gain_n which_o be_v make_v by_o usury_n be_v unlawful_a pag._n 100_o ans_n 1._o this_o be_v no_o proof_n against_o all_o increase_n of_o money_n but_o only_o against_o excessive_a gain_n whereas_o it_o shall_v be_v prove_v that_o usury_n of_o a_o penny_n in_o the_o hundred_o be_v a_o sin_n as_o well_o as_o of_o ten_o pound_n second_o by_o this_o rule_n all_o gain_n of_o merchandise_v be_v condemn_v which_o be_v ordinary_o far_a great_a than_o that_o of_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o three_o the_o greatness_n of_o gain_n by_o lend_v must_v be_v estimate_v by_o the_o common_a opinion_n of_o the_o country_n otherwise_o how_o can_v any_o man_n conscience_n warrant_v he_o to_o purchase_v any_o inheritance_n man_n buy_v land_n to_o they_o and_o to_o their_o heir_n for_o ever_o that_o be_v till_o doomsday_n which_o when_o it_o will_v come_v no_o man_n know_v and_o yet_o as_o if_o every_o purchaser_n know_v the_o hour_n he_o bargain_v for_o land_n at_o fifteen_o or_o sixteen_o year_n purchase_n but_o the_o last_o day_n may_v come_v within_o a_o year_n or_o within_o fifteen_o or_o perhaps_o not_o within_o fifteen_o hundred_o year_n howsoever_o it_o be_v uncertain_a yet_o the_o public_a valuation_n do_v esteem_v it_o certain_a and_o no_o man_n buy_v land_n at_o 15._o year_n purchase_n upon_o condition_n that_o doomsday_n come_v not_o before_o because_o perhaps_o then_o he_o may_v have_v a_o dear_a penny_n worth_n nor_o upon_o condition_n that_o if_o the_o world_n last_v long_o than_o fifteen_o year_n that_o thence_o forward_a the_o purchaser_n shall_v pay_v a_o further_a sum_n no_o but_o custom_n think_v fit_a to_o make_v a_o absolute_a bargain_n though_o by_o the_o mere_a act_n of_o god_n it_o may_v be_v make_v a_o dear_a purchase_n as_o the_o argument_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o gain_n in_o usury_n make_v against_o trade_v or_o merchandise_v so_o thereby_o also_o bargain_v for_o lease_n for_o term_n of_o year_n will_v be_v make_v unjust_a and_o this_o may_v the_o better_o appear_v if_o we_o examine_v one_o of_o dr._n fentons_n example_n of_o usury_n in_o this_o kind_n if_o say_v he_o pag_n 21._o purposely_o to_o avoid_v the_o statute_n i_o will_v purchase_v a_o annuity_n of_o twenty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la with_o a_o hundred_o pound_n for_o ten_o year_n this_o be_v bargain_n and_o sale_n yet_o the_o very_a same_o with_o usury_n differ_v only_o in_o parchment_n and_o manner_n of_o covenant_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o iniquity_n and_o in_o quality_n poison_v with_o purpose_n of_o avoid_v the_o statute_n and_o penalty_n of_o usury_n ans._n â—_z if_o only_o the_o purpose_n to_o avoid_v the_o statute_n make_v his_o case_n to_o be_v usury_n then_o before_o the_o statute_n it_o be_v no_o usury_n for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o purpose_n to_o avoid_v a_o penalty_n that_o be_v not_o and_o this_o be_v to_o make_v usury_n a_o breach_n only_o of_o man_n law_n and_o not_o of_o god_n let_v we_o ask_v dr._n fenton_n whether_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n and_o annuity_n buy_v with_o money_n be_v usury_n simple_o in_o itself_o he_o dare_v not_o say_v it_o his_o answer_n be_v pag_n 129_o we_o can_v condemn_v it_o for_o usury_n and_o yet_o he_o see_v most_o apparent_o it_o be_v of_o the_o very_a self_n same_o nature_n with_o lend_v upon_o bond_n and_o differ_v only_o in_o the_o security_n upon_o bond_n a_o man_n tie_v himself_o upon_o a_o lease_n a_o man_n tie_v his_o land_n in_o both_o these_o there_o be_v the_o like_a increase_n by_o money_n and_o both_o pay_n alike_o at_o the_o end_n second_o this_o case_n i_o find_v put_v of_o a_o lease_n that_o bring_v in_o above_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o thereby_o to_o make_v it_o more_o odious_a but_o give_v we_o leave_v to_o put_v it_o in_o other_o term_n and_o then_o ask_v his_o opinion_n if_o with_o a_o hundred_o pound_n i_o purchase_v a_o annuity_n of_o ten_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o twenty_o shilling_n over_o yearly_a for_o ten_o year_n be_v this_o usury_n because_o it_o be_v a_o increase_n above_o the_o principal_a it_o be_v the_o very_a selfsame_a bargain_n in_o nature_n with_o he_o it_o differ_v only_o in_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o increase_n now_o both_o by_o his_o definition_n and_o argument_n as_o well_o the_o increase_n of_o a_o penny_n be_v usury_n as_o of_o ten_o pound_n in_o the_o hundred_o so_o then_o by_o his_o doctrine_n a_o man_n may_v not_o buy_v a_o lease_n worth_a one_o penny_n more_o than_o his_o principal_a if_o it_o be_v pretend_v that_o bargain_n and_o sale_n of_o lease_n be_v lawful_a if_o it_o be_v reasonable_a otherwise_o not_o then_o if_o the_o unreasonableness_n only_o of_o the_o bargain_n make_v it_o a_o sin_n of_o usury_n than_o the_o former_a doctrine_n which_o say_v all_o increase_n be_v usury_n be_v thereby_o deny_v and_o i_o confess_v that_o a_o unreasonable_a bargain_n be_v a_o sin_n but_o of_o theft_n in_o general_n not_o of_o usury_n three_o the_o principal_a purpose_n in_o buy_v a_o annuity_n or_o lease_n for_o year_n be_v to_o gain_v by_o a_o hundred_o pound_n which_o since_o it_o can_v not_o safe_o be_v do_v by_o bond_n therefore_o by_o a_o second_o intention_n man_n labour_v to_o avoid_v the_o statute_n so_o that_o to_o gain_v and_o in_o gain_v to_o avoid_v the_o statute_n be_v the_o purpose_n of_o such_o contract_n and_o not_o chief_o to_o avoid_v the_o statute_n which_o may_v best_o be_v avoid_v by_o not_o purchase_v at_o all_o four_o it_o be_v no_o sin_n to_o avoid_v a_o statute_n by_o lawful_a mean_n if_o the_o contract_n of_o bargain_n and_o sale_n be_v in_o itself_o lawful_a why_o shall_v it_o be_v a_o vice_n and_o not_o a_o virtue_n thereby_o to_o avoid_v the_o penalty_n of_o the_o law_n since_o law_n be_v purposely_o make_v to_o force_v man_n to_o avoid_v they_o by_o lawful_a mean_n five_o whereas_o dr._n fenton_n pag._n 129._o conclude_v that_o if_o simple_o without_o any_o pretence_n such_o annuity_n of_o rent_n be_v buy_v or_o sell_v we_o can_v condemn_v it_o for_o usury_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o pretence_n or_o intention_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o not_o the_o contract_n make_v it_o usury_n and_o that_o as_o he_o himself_o confess_v pag._n 128_o if_o the_o intention_n be_v right_a that_o which_o formal_o be_v usurious_a upon_o the_o matter_n may_v iâ—_z justice_n be_v equivalent_a to_o a_o lawful_a contract_n if_o formal_a usury_n may_v be_v no_o usury_n we_o must_v look_v for_o a_o new_a definition_n of_o usury_n in_o the_o conscience_n of_o man_n and_o not_o in_o dr._n fentons_n treatise_n and_o if_o usury_n be_v commit_v in_o buy_v and_o sell_v what_o contract_n will_v be_v find_v in_o the_o world_n without_o usury_n to_o instance_n in_o some_o other_o contract_n let_v we_o consider_v of_o the_o absolute_a buy_n and_o sell_v of_o land_n or_o of_o purchase_v a_o annuity_n for_o life_n because_o these_o two_o contract_n be_v esteem_v by_o most_o man_n to_o be_v the_o lawfull_a of_o all_o other_o yet_o in_o both_o these_o the_o just_a and_o ordinary_a valuation_n both_o of_o fee_n simple_a land_n and_o of_o lease_n for_o life_n be_v ground_v and_o guide_v by_o usury_n only_o and_o as_o the_o use_n of_o money_n go_v high_a or_o low_a so_o the_o price_n of_o these_o rise_n and_o fall_v so_o that_o in_o very_a truth_n he_o that_o purchase_v land_n be_v the_o great_a usurer_n in_o the_o world_n because_o he_o make_v the_o great_a and_o certain_a gain_n
by_o his_o bargain_n for_o example_n admit_v land_n be_v buy_v and_o sell_v for_o sixteen_o year_n purchase_n and_o let_v the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o land_n be_v make_v away_o for_o so_o little_a a_o sum_n as_o the_o land_n will_v bring_v home_o in_o sixteen_o year_n what_o conscience_n be_v there_o to_o keep_v that_o for_o ever_o which_o in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n pay_v the_o purchaser_n his_o principal_a there_o can_v be_v no_o other_o reason_n yield_v for_o this_o great_a disproportion_n but_o this_o that_o both_o the_o purchaser_n and_o seller_n do_v equal_o value_v the_o use_n of_o the_o money_n and_o do_v make_v the_o bargain_n according_o the_o purchase-money_n consider_v with_o the_o use_n of_o it_o will_v last_v about_o a_o thousand_o year_n in_o pay_v yearly_a so_o much_o as_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n be_v therefore_o the_o purchaser_n expect_v to_o enjoy_v and_o the_o seller_n intend_v to_o part_n with_o the_o land_n for_o ever_o because_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o land_n after_o a_o thousand_o year_n be_v not_o valuable_a for_o that_o ordinary_o within_o four_o or_o five_o hundred_o year_n the_o possession_n of_o the_o ancient_a family_n come_v to_o a_o period_n or_o decay_v in_o like_a manner_n a_o annuity_n for_o life_n be_v buy_v for_o nine_o year_n purchase_n not_o because_o a_o man_n life_n be_v ordinary_o take_v to_o last_v but_o nine_o year_n but_o because_o the_o money_n with_o the_o use_n will_v last_v almost_o twice_o nine_o year_n in_o pay_v the_o annuity_n so_o that_o if_o the_o purchaser_n of_o the_o annuity_n die_v within_o eighteen_o year_n the_o grantor_n may_v be_v a_o gainer_n or_o at_o the_o least_o a_o saver_n by_o the_o bargain_n but_o if_o he_o live_v above_o eighteen_o year_n the_o grantor_n must_v be_v at_o loss_n this_o casuality_n of_o a_o lease_n for_o life_n wherein_o the_o buyer_n hope_v by_o his_o own_o life_n to_o be_v a_o gainer_n and_o the_o seller_n hope_v by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o buyer_n to_o be_v a_o gainer_n have_v make_v some_o man_n if_o we_o will_v believe_v thomas_n aquinas_n to_o think_v that_o a_o lease_n for_o life_n be_v the_o worst_a kind_n or_o double_a usury_n because_o there_o be_v a_o usurious_a intention_n on_o both_o side_n as_o well_o in_o the_o grantor_n as_o in_o the_o grantee_n to_o gain_v if_o many_o man_n who_o be_v fit_a for_o calling_n live_v idle_o on_o usury_n they_o sin_n but_o no_o otherwise_o than_o those_o that_o let_v their_o land_n they_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o serve_v god_n and_o their_o country_n in_o some_o call_v if_o they_o do_v not_o it_o be_v no_o fault_n of_o usury_n but_o a_o abuse_n of_o it_o neither_o let_v any_o man_n fear_v that_o usury_n will_v bring_v idleness_n in_o the_o world_n for_o if_o all_o man_n be_v idle_a there_o can_v be_v no_o usury_n it_o be_v the_o usury-employment_n of_o man_n by_o their_o trade_n that_o make_v the_o use_n of_o money_n to_o be_v at_o so_o high_a a_o value_n and_o many_o must_v be_v idle_a if_o they_o borrow_v not_o a_o stock_n to_o set_v they_o on_o work_n of_o the_o vncharitableness_n of_o usury_n in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o dr._n fenton_n his_o second_o book_n i_o do_v expect_v some_o extraordinary_a argument_n against_o usury_n because_o it_o treat_v of_o the_o breach_n of_o charity_n by_o usury_n and_o the_o opposition_n between_o they_o i_o do_v long_o to_o see_v it_o prove_v but_o now_o i_o be_o come_v to_o it_o i_o find_v it_o the_o short_a chapter_n in_o his_o book_n both_o in_o quantity_n and_o proof_n the_o little_a that_o he_o say_v be_v in_o effect_n that_o usurer_n be_v common_o uncharitable_a pag._n 106._o answ._n i_o do_v expect_v to_o have_v iâ—_z prove_v that_o all_o usury_n be_v in_o it_o selâ—_z uncharitable_a and_o he_o tell_v uâ—_z that_o all_o usurer_n be_v so_o it_o be_v the_o fault_n of_o the_o man_n and_o not_o of_o the_o thing_n thrift_n which_o of_o itself_o be_v a_o virtue_n be_v abuse_v be_v the_o hindrance_n of_o charity_n and_o yet_o thrift_n be_v no_o breach_n of_o charity_n a_o thrifty_a man_n and_o a_o usurer_n may_v be_v merciful_a to_o the_o poor_a because_o they_o be_v many_o time_n better_o able_a than_o other_o if_o usury_n of_o itself_o be_v a_o breach_n of_o charity_n than_o not_o to_o lend_v to_o usury_n be_v a_o act_n of_o charity_n which_o be_v but_o a_o mere_a privation_n and_o no_o act_n at_o all_o the_o reason_n why_o usurer_n be_v common_o find_v merciless_a be_v for_o that_o in_o many_o man_n covetousness_n make_v they_o usurer_n and_o not_o usury_n bring_v they_o to_o be_v covetous_a many_o usurer_n be_v find_v well-disposed_a to_o charity_n and_o give_v twice_o as_o much_o to_o charitable_a use_n as_o those_o that_o have_v twice_o their_o estate_n in_o land_n and_o be_v no_o usurer_n since_o then_o all_o usurer_n be_v not_o uncharitable_a and_o those_o that_o be_v be_v find_v and_o not_o make_v such_o by_o usury_n it_o be_v but_o small_a charity_n to_o say_v that_o usury_n of_o itself_o be_v the_o breach_n of_o charity_n finis_fw-la a_o rom._n 1.32_o b_o levit._n 25._o â—_z c_o numb._n 35.11_o deut._n 19.3_o d_o deut._n 15.1_o 2._o e_o â—xâ—d_fw-mi 22.21.23.9_o f_o de_fw-la usuris_fw-la leg._n 1._o cod._n theod._n l._n 2._o g_o 〈◊〉_d ad_fw-la noâ—el_n 2._o c._n 4._o â—d_fw-mi verbum_fw-la centesima_fw-la h_o gloss._n in_o cod._n de_fw-fr usuris_fw-la leg._n 26._o ad_fw-la verb_n tertiam_fw-la pattem_v and_o ad_fw-la leg._n 28_o in_fw-la principio_fw-la i_o dist._n 47._o c._n 2._o verb_n centesima_fw-la k_o epist._n 2._o in_o fine_a l_o satyr_n 3._o lib._n 3._o m_o budaeus_fw-la de_fw-la ass_n l._n 1._o n_o de_fw-la usuris_fw-la câ—d_fw-mi theo._n l._n leg._n 2._o o_o cyprian_n de_fw-fr lapsis_fw-la annâ—tat_fw-la pamel_n 23._o cap._n 4._o p_o conc._n general_n edit._n rome_n 1608._o p._n 23_o q_o neque_fw-la in_fw-la ulla_fw-la lege_fw-la praeteritum_fw-la tempus_fw-la reprehenditur_fw-la nisi_fw-la ejus_fw-la rei_fw-la quae_fw-la sua_fw-la sponte_fw-la scelerata_fw-la ac_fw-la neâ—aria_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la etiam_fw-la si_fw-la lex_fw-la non_fw-la esset_fw-la magnopere_fw-la vitanda_fw-la foret_fw-la cicero_n lib._n 3._o in_fw-la verrem_fw-la n._n 76._o p._n 75._o edit._n rob._n stephani_n 1339._o r_o conâ—_z carthag_fw-mi 1._o cap._n 13._o arelaten_n 1_o c._n 12._o arel_n 11._o c._n 14._o s_o de_fw-la uâ—urâ—s_fw-la leg._n 26._o 〈◊〉_d just_a t_o ibid._n leg._n 28._o u_o de_fw-la vita_fw-la constantini_n l._n 1._o c._n 26._o x_o de_fw-la exactionibus_fw-la leg._n 3._o lib._n 11._o cod._n theod._n y_o concil._n general_a p._n 45._o b._n tom_n 3._o edit._n rom._n 1612_o act._n 4._o sext._n synod_n z_o ibid._n p._n 58._o eprope_fw-la finem_fw-la actionis_fw-la 4_o a_o magn._n and_o ludâ—vic_n pij_fw-la capit_fw-la lib._n 5._o cap._n 36._o lib._n 1._o c._n 5.38.130_o etc._n etc._n b_o can._n apost._n cap._n 44._o at_o post_n gratian_n cap._n 43._o c_o leo_n epist._n â—_z cap._n 3._o p._n 5._o d_o hist._n bologn_n da_fw-mi ghirardacci_fw-la lib._n 3._o e_o burch_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 129._o ivo_n par_fw-fr 6._o cap._n 196._o and_o par_fw-la 13._o in_fw-la principio_fw-la gratian_n diâ—t_fw-la 47._o caus._n 14._o q._n 2._o f_o decretal_a lib._n 5._o tit._n 19_o in_fw-la sexto_fw-la lib._n 5._o tit._n 5._o clement_n lib._n 5._o tit._n 5._o etc._n etc._n g_o hieron_n de_fw-fr ceval_n de_fw-fr cognition_fw-la per_fw-la viam_fw-la violentiae_fw-la par_fw-la 2._o q._n 96._o *_o a_o mountain_n of_o piety_n be_v a_o stock_n of_o money_n raiâ—ed_v by_o the_o charity_n of_o good_a people_n who_o observe_v the_o poor_a ruin_v by_o the_o usury_n of_o jew_n do_v voluntary_o contribute_v good_a store_n of_o treasure_n to_o be_v preserve_v and_o lend_v unto_o they_o whereby_o they_o upon_o security_n may_v have_v money_n at_o a_o low_a rate_n to_o relieve_v their_o want_n which_o because_o the_o mass_n be_v great_a and_o the_o thing_n pious_a and_o charitable_a in_o itself_o be_v call_v a_o mountain_n of_o piety_n but_o in_o respect_n the_o officer_n and_o other_o charge_n incident_a unto_o it_o can_v be_v have_v without_o some_o emolument_n therefore_o the_o borrower_n pay_v somewhat_o by_o the_o month_n for_o the_o lone_a of_o that_o he_o receive_v cajet._n opusc._n de_fw-fr monte_fw-la pietat_fw-la cap._n 1._o there_o be_v another_o sort_n which_o be_v when_o a_o prince_n or_o state_n have_v need_n of_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o money_n and_o do_v for_o his_o supply_n either_o impose_v a_o lone_a upon_o particular_a man_n or_o voluntary_o receive_v a_o good_a sum_n from_o they_o and_o for_o their_o security_n assign_v of_o his_o revenue_n 5.6.7_o or_o 8._o per_fw-la cent_n this_o disser_n from_o use-money_n with_o we_o in_o that_o the_o lender_n can_v at_o his_o will_n call_v it_o in_o or_o make_v use_n of_o the_o money_n itself_o otherwise_o than_o by_o transfer_v his_o right_a in_o the_o bank_n to_o another_o only_o the_o prince_n at_o his_o pleasure_n may_v by_o pay_v all_o in_o dissolve_v the_o bank_n antonin_n par_fw-fr 2._o tit._n 1._o cap._n 11._o in_fw-la principio_fw-la and_o there_o want_v not_o learned_a man_n which_o hold_v both_o these_o way_n of_o receve_v increase_n to_o be_v usurious_a and_o likewise_o that_o defend_v the_o contrary_a that_o neither_o of_o they_o be_v see_v matheo_n villani_n lib._n 3._o cap._n 106._o h_o in_fw-la sexto_fw-la de_fw-la vâ—uris_fw-la c._n 8._o â—_z de_fw-fr quaestioniâ—us_fw-la i_o in_o clement_n de_fw-fr usuris_fw-la cap._n unico_fw-la and_o giovan._n villani_n lib._n 12._o c._n 57_o k_o giovan._n villani_n ib._n l_o ludovi_n a_o paramo_n de_fw-fr origine_fw-la inquisit_a lib._n 2._o c._n n._n 36._o m_o tattato_fw-it dâ—_z inquisitione_fw-la c._n 23.30_o 31._o n_o epist._n constant._n apud_fw-la socr._n lib._n 1._o c._n 6_o and_o apud_fw-la theâ—d_fw-mi lib._n 1._o hist._n cap._n 10._o o_o beda_n l._n lib._n 4._o c._n 17._o p_o c._n 17._o p._n 299._o concil._n speâ—â—n_n q_o cap._n 37._o leg._n ed._n p._n 151._o r_o cook_n instit._n 3._o c._n 74._o p._n 163._o s_o sim._n dunelm_n an._n 1126._o col._n 254_o 19_o at_o contuat_fw-la florent_fw-la wigorn_n ano_fw-la 1125._o p._n 501._o t_o apud_fw-la richard_n hagulstad_fw-es p._n 327.66_o u_o de_fw-la pig_n noribus_fw-la c_n unico_fw-la verbo_fw-la usuâ—a_n fol._n 81._o a._n x_o 2_o tim._n 2.4_o y_o 1_o tim._n 3.8_o z_o cas._n conscien_fw-fr c._n 20._o n._n 29._o p._n 418._o a_o epist._n 383._o b_o enchirid_n c._n 69._o to_o 3._o c_o cham._n de_fw-fr caâ—â—ne_n to_o 1._o lib._n 12._o c._n 1._o n._n 3â—_z p._n 424._o d_o f_o 〈…〉_z citatur_fw-la aâ—ud_a antâ—â—â—n_n par_fw-fr 2._o 〈◊〉_d sect._n 〈◊〉_d g_o s._n aug._n retract_v 2_o cap._n 13._o
many_o part_n at_o florence_n in_o the_o year_n 1345_o k_o ib._n upon_o a_o great_a disorder_n that_o then_o fall_v out_o they_o be_v force_v by_o law_n conformable_a to_o those_o of_o perugia_n spain_n etc._n etc._n to_o regulate_v their_o power_n though_o in_o l_o 36._o arragon_n by_o a_o bull_n of_o leo_n the_o ten_o it_o seem_v they_o now_o proceed_v in_o such_o cause_n in_o venice_n that_o wise_a state_n will_v never_o admit_v the_o inquisition_n m_o 31._o vhe_fw-la si_fw-la trattino_fw-la causa_fw-la di_fw-it usura_fw-la di_fw-it qual_fw-it si_fw-la voglia_fw-la sort_fw-la to_o meddle_v with_o any_o kind_n of_o usury_n nor_o the_o trade_n of_o any_o artisan_n etc._n etc._n touch_v the_o church_n of_o england_n far_o than_o that_o the_o council_n of_o nice_n be_v receive_v both_o by_o the_o n_o 10._o briton_n and_o o_o 17._o saxon_n even_o at_o the_o very_a first_o i_o know_v no_o particular_a prohibition_n of_o usury_n if_o we_o omit_v that_o imperfect_a clause_n p_o speâ—â—n_n in_o the_o council_n of_o calcuith_n about_o 787_o till_o edward_n the_o confessor_n who_o have_v live_v long_o in_o france_n and_o season_v with_o the_o principle_n of_o that_o kingdom_n q_o 151._o do_v first_o banish_v all_o usurer_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n second_o if_o any_o after_o that_o prohibition_n shall_v be_v find_v to_o exercise_v it_o he_o then_o confiscate_v all_o he_o have_v three_o he_o bar_v they_o of_o the_o protection_n the_o law_n afford_v and_o give_v this_o reason_n that_o have_v live_v in_o the_o french_a court_n he_o have_v learn_v quod_fw-la usura_fw-la raedix_fw-la omnium_fw-la malorum_fw-la esset_fw-la but_o as_o a_o r_o 163._o learned_a gentleman_n wise_o observe_v too_o severe_a law_n be_v never_o due_o execute_v so_o happen_v it_o with_o this_o which_o certain_o be_v not_o all_o put_v in_o practice_n in_o england_n for_o in_o the_o year_n 1126_o â—_z in_o s_o 501._o a_o council_n hold_v at_o westminster_n by_o cardinal_n de_fw-la crema_fw-la the_o pope_n legate_n and_o the_o clergy_n of_o england_n we_o find_v it_o only_o prohibitory_a to_o those_o of_o the_o church_n usuram_fw-la et_fw-la turpe_fw-la lucrum_fw-la clericis_fw-la omnimodis_fw-la prohibemus_fw-la qui_fw-la vero_fw-la super_fw-la crimine_fw-la tali_fw-la confessus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la aut_fw-la convictus_fw-la à _fw-la proprio_fw-la gradu_fw-la dejiciaetur_fw-la and_o again_o in_o another_o hold_v at_o the_o same_o place_n by_o t_o 327.66_o albericus_fw-la bishop_n of_o hostia_fw-la the_o pope_n legate_n 1138_o thus_o foeneratores_fw-la clericos_fw-la et_fw-la turpia_fw-la lucra_fw-la sectantes_fw-la and_o publica_fw-la secularium_fw-la negotia_fw-la procurantes_fw-la ab_fw-la officio_fw-la ecclesiastico_fw-la nihilominus_fw-la removendos_fw-la ceâ—semus_fw-la which_o be_v indeed_o no_o more_o than_o a_o renew_n the_o nicene_n canon_n of_o which_o before_o after_o this_o i_o do_v not_o remember_v any_o one_o make_v direct_o against_o it_o in_o england_n neither_o have_v lynwood_n any_o title_n of_o it_o though_o there_o be_v so_o many_o in_o the_o common_a law_n nor_o at_o all_o that_o i_o know_v do_v he_o touch_v upon_o it_o unless_o in_o one_o u_o a._n place_n and_o that_o very_o light_o which_o show_v clear_o it_o be_v not_o much_o prosecute_v here_o by_o these_o step_n that_o which_o at_o the_o first_o be_v exercise_v by_o bishop_n and_o other_o afterwards_o forbid_v the_o clergy_n as_o what_o may_v x_o 2.4_o entangle_v they_o in_o the_o affair_n of_o this_o world_n and_o show_v mind_n y_o 3.8_o too_o greedy_a of_o filthy_a lucre_n allow_v by_o so_o many_o imperial_a edict_n of_o the_o most_o pious_a emperor_n first_o become_v dislike_v in_o the_o lay_n after_o that_o prohibit_v and_o then_o they_o proceed_v so_o far_o as_o to_o determine_v to_o affirm_v it_o no_o sin_n be_v heretical_a upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n i_o can_v not_o conclude_v either_o by_o express_a word_n or_o necessary_a inference_n out_o of_o scripture_n or_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n either_o give_v or_o take_v use_n for_o money_n lend_v to_o be_v in_o its_o own_o nature_n among_o christian_n sinful_a so_o as_o no_o other_o circumstance_n make_v it_o sâ—_z as_o either_o the_o exact_v the_o height_n the_o law_n permit_v or_o upon_o the_o borrower_n poverty_n not_o accept_v what_o he_o be_v willing_a and_o able_a to_o pay_v but_o with_o rigour_n force_v from_o he_o the_o uttermost_a penalty_n or_o use_v some_o other_o way_n against_o charity_n not_o so_o fit_a for_o i_o to_o explicate_v in_o short_a i_o see_v no_o reason_n not_o to_o submit_v to_o that_o of_o alstedius_n z_o 418._o usura_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la intrinsicè_fw-la sive_fw-la suo_fw-la genere_fw-la mala_fw-la sed_fw-la est_fw-la res_fw-la indifferens_fw-la nor_o to_o deny_v that_o of_o a_o 383._o calvin_n nullo_fw-la testimonio_fw-la scripturae_fw-la mihi_fw-la constat_fw-la usùras_fw-la omnino_fw-la damnatas_fw-la esse_fw-la yet_o i_o do_v not_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o determine_v it_o to_o be_v absolute_o lawful_a i_o leave_v that_o to_o some_o learned_a divine_a only_o i_o have_v here_o historical_o relate_v what_o i_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o inquiry_n i_o know_v many_o of_o conscience_n and_o learning_n be_v of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n and_o i_o take_v this_o to_o be_v of_o that_o nature_n b_o 3._o s_o augustine_n in_o one_o place_n hold_v purgatory_n utrum_fw-la ita_fw-la sit_fw-la quaeri_fw-la potest_fw-la et_fw-la aut_fw-la inveniri_fw-la aut_fw-la late_fw-la that_o every_o man_n ought_v to_o satisfy_v himself_o and_o do_v according_o man_n of_o great_a sincerity_n and_o judgement_n may_v differ_v in_o theological_a tenet_n cardinal_n cajetan_n of_o that_o integrity_n chamier_n have_v leave_v this_o testimony_n of_o he_o c_o 424._o vir_fw-la meo_fw-la â—udicio_fw-la quanvis_fw-la papista_fw-la tamen_fw-la candidus_fw-la plurimumque_fw-la distans_fw-la ab_fw-la ea_fw-la pertinacia_fw-la quam_fw-la in_fw-la reli_fw-la quis_fw-la deplorare_fw-la cogimur_fw-la be_v full_o of_o opinion_n the_o pay_a money_n for_o loan_n to_o those_o bank_n be_v call_v mountain_n of_o piety_n be_v d_o d_o unlawful_a and_o usurious_a cardinal_n tollet_fw-la in_o who_o writing_n to_o use_v casaubous_a word_n d_o cum_fw-la xcellente_fw-la rerum_fw-la philosophicarum_fw-la et_fw-la theologicarum_fw-la notitia_fw-la par_fw-la certat_fw-la modestia_fw-la be_v clear_o contrary_a and_o against_o he_o hold_v they_o very_o lawful_a in_o these_o dispute_n i_o can_v but_o think_v of_o that_o of_o f_o 〈◊〉_d aqu._n quando_fw-la quaestio_fw-la quae_fw-la quaeritur_fw-la de_fw-la aliquo_fw-la 〈◊〉_d utrum_fw-la sit_fw-la peccatum_fw-la mortale_fw-la vel_fw-la non_fw-la nisi_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la habeatur_fw-la auctoritas_fw-la expressa_fw-la scripturae_fw-la sacrae_fw-la aut_fw-la canonis_fw-la seu_fw-la determinationis_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la vel_fw-la evidens_fw-la ratio_fw-la non_fw-la nisi_fw-la periculosissimè_fw-la determinatur_fw-la and_o indeed_o if_o he_o mean_v by_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o church_n the_o four_o nay_o that_o of_o faith_n that_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o six_o first_o general_a council_n i_o know_v nothing_o to_o oppose_v against_o it_o but_o of_o this_o too_o much_o whilst_o i_o be_v thus_o in_o search_n this_o piece_n i_o now_o give_v thou_o be_v write_v almost_o thirty_o year_n since_o by_o a_o very_a learned_a gentleman_n for_o satisfaction_n of_o a_o person_n of_o worth_n and_o relation_n unto_o he_o fall_v into_o my_o hand_n fâ—om_n whence_o some_o friend_n importunate_a for_o copy_n of_o it_o i_o â—earing_v the_o thing_n itself_o may_v â—â—ceive_v injury_n by_o ill_a transcriber_n as_o those_o of_o some_o g_o 13._o famous_a writer_n have_v do_v adventure_v the_o pâ—â—ting_v it_o to_o the_o press_n 〈◊〉_d know_v how_o the_o auctor_n may_v interpret_v this_o my_o bold_a 〈◊〉_d in_o do_v it_o without_o his_o command_n the_o reader_n therefore_o can_v expect_v it_o shall_v come_v out_o so_o perfect_a as_o it_o may_v have_v do_v have_v it_o past_o his_o last_o eye_n yet_o if_o thou_o find_v any_o just_a cause_n of_o exception_n let_v they_o be_v know_v before_o the_o gravel_n stone_n or_o some_o infirmity_n make_v the_o writer_n unable_a to_o give_v thou_o and_o the_o world_n further_a satisfaction_n however_o such_o as_o i_o receive_v it_o i_o give_v it_o unto_o thou_o and_o if_o thou_o be_v a_o lender_n and_o it_o shall_v not_o satisfy_v thou_o in_o the_o receive_a profit_n for_o loan_n of_o money_n i_o can_v assure_v thou_o it_o have_v i_o full_o in_o the_o pay_n of_o it_o farewell_n east-peckham_n oct_n 9_o 1652._o roger_n twisden_n the_o preface_n if_o exception_n be_v take_v either_o to_o the_o argument_n or_o author_n of_o these_o note_n the_o answer_n must_v be_v this_o question_n of_o usury_n concern_v no_o article_n of_o faith_n but_o be_v a_o point_n of_o morality_n and_o case_n of_o conscience_n and_o in_o that_o regard_n it_o admit_v of_o a_o disputation_n without_o scandal_n the_o rather_o for_o that_o the_o church_n of_o england_n have_v not_o define_v or_o describe_v usury_n the_o divine_n of_o the_o reform_a church_n be_v divide_v in_o this_o controversy_n the_o
great_a part_n of_o they_o oppose_v or_o mislike_v the_o rigid_a assertion_n of_o such_o as_o condemn_v all_o contract_n for_o gain_v by_o lend_v namely_o bishop_n babington_n mr._n perkins_n dr._n willet_n dr._n mayer_n mr._n brinsley_n and_o other_o here_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o calvin_n martyr_n bucer_n bullinger_n danaeus_n hemingius_n zanchius_n ursinus_n bucanus_n junius_n polanus_fw-la molineus_fw-la scultetus_n alstedius_n amesius_n grotius_n salmasius_n the_o author_n though_o he_o be_v neither_o divine_a by_o call_v nor_o by_o profession_n a_o scholar_n yet_o as_o he_o be_v a_o rational_a man_n he_o may_v and_o as_o he_o be_v a_o christian_n he_o ought_v for_o the_o direction_n of_o his_o own_o practice_n to_o examine_v what_o may_v be_v do_v with_o a_o safe_a conscience_n and_o what_o not_o the_o civilian_n and_o canonist_n frequent_o dispute_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o usury_n he_o know_v not_o but_o that_o any_o other_o laique_n may_v do_v the_o like_a the_o argument_n be_v first_o undertake_v for_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o tenderness_n of_o the_o conscience_n of_o other_o and_o not_o to_o justify_v any_o practice_n of_o the_o author_n who_o have_v always_o give_v but_o not_o take_v usury_n this_o point_n of_o usury_n as_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n controvert_v be_v a_o mere_a popish_a question_n first_o broach_v by_o the_o schoolman_n and_o canonist_n no_o ancient_a father_n or_o writer_n that_o i_o know_v of_o ever_o define_v or_o dispute_v it_o since_o the_o reformaton_n melancthon_n and_o chemnitius_n be_v the_o only_o note_v man_n abroad_o and_o here_o at_o home_n dr._n downam_n now_o bishop_n of_o london-derry_n in_o ireland_n dr._n fenton_n and_o learned_a dr._n andrews_n late_a bishop_n of_o winchester_n i_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o dr_n fenton_n treatise_n to_o examine_v because_o it_o be_v the_o late_a and_o i_o find_v little_a of_o any_o moment_n but_o be_v in_o he_o i_o desire_v his_o book_n may_v be_v first_o thorough_o read_v for_o otherwise_o what_o i_o write_v will_v not_o so_o easy_o be_v understand_v to_o give_v some_o brief_a account_n to_o the_o â—eader_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o scatter_a argument_n in_o this_o tractate_n he_o must_v know_v that_o my_o scope_n and_o intention_n be_v to_o show_v that_o usury_n be_v nowhere_o in_o scripture_n forbid_v to_o christian_n but_o that_o it_o be_v as_o lawful_a as_o any_o other_o contract_n or_o bargain_n unless_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n do_v prohibit_v or_o moderate_v it_o as_o a_o point_n of_o state_n or_o policy_n and_o that_o no_o state_n or_o commonwealth_n can_v or_o ever_o do_v stand_v without_o it_o or_o that_o which_o in_o contract_n be_v equivalent_a to_o it_o since_o the_o valuation_n of_o the_o use_n of_o money_n be_v the_o foundation_n and_o rule_n which_o govern_v the_o valuation_n of_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o bargain_n i_o further_o maintain_v that_o usury_n be_v never_o forbid_v to_o the_o jew_n only_o by_o reason_n that_o by_o a_o more_o special_a appointment_n of_o god_n they_o dwell_v in_o a_o land_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o many_o stranger_n moses_n make_v a_o politic_a judicial_a law_n that_o the_o jew_n shall_v take_v usury_n of_o those_o stranger_n and_o not_o of_o their_o poor_a brother_n not_o much_o unlike_o as_o if_o the_o king_n shall_v ordain_v in_o london_n that_o citizen_n shall_v take_v usury_n of_o man_n of_o midlesex_n and_o not_o of_o poor_a tradesman_n of_o the_o city_n more_o particular_o i_o undertake_v to_o manifest_v that_o the_o definition_n of_o usury_n wherein_o dr._n down_o and_o dr._n fenton_n main_o differ_v between_o themseâ—ves_n be_v neither_o warrantable_a by_o the_o rule_n of_o art_n nor_o justifiable_a by_o any_o proof_n or_o ground_n in_o scripture_n or_o by_o any_o testimony_n of_o antiquity_n either_o in_o council_n or_o father_n and_o that_o the_o law_n give_v by_o god_n about_o usury_n be_v such_o as_o by_o the_o coherence_n of_o the_o text_n and_o the_o conference_n of_o other_o place_n do_v show_v that_o those_o law_n do_v only_o intend_v a_o prohibition_n of_o take_v usury_n of_o such_o as_o borrow_v in_o case_n of_o extreme_a necessity_n and_o be_v so_o poor_a that_o they_o be_v in_o charity_n to_o be_v relieve_v and_o yet_o those_o law_n which_o do_v in_o such_o case_n only_o prohibit_v usury_n to_o the_o jew_n be_v not_o moral_a or_o perpetual_a but_o judicial_a and_o temporary_a and_o no_o way_n bind_v we_o but_o we_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o guide_v we_o in_o our_o contract_n so_o long_o as_o they_o be_v not_o contrary_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o charity_n i_o show_v that_o all_o the_o property_n of_o let_v do_v agree_v to_o money_n and_o that_o usury_n in_o itself_o be_v neither_o unnatural_a ungodly_a unjust_a or_o uncharitable_a last_o i_o do_v show_v that_o dr._n downam_n dr._n fenton_n and_o all_o other_o that_o do_v most_o condemn_v usury_n be_v force_v to_o confess_v at_o last_o that_o usury_n may_v be_v lawful_a they_o all_o allow_v the_o take_n of_o interest_n mortgage_n annuity_n and_o lease_n for_o year_n all_o which_o by_o their_o own_o exposition_n and_o confession_n be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o usury_n and_o do_v only_o differ_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o security_n or_o contract_n after_o they_o have_v eager_o dispute_v that_o all_o contract_n for_o gain_v by_o lend_v be_v usurious_a at_o the_o end_n they_o quiet_o conclude_v that_o the_o contract_n be_v not_o usury_n but_o only_o the_o secret_a intention_n of_o the_o heart_n make_v it_o to_o be_v usury_n or_o not_o usury_n thus_o in_o few_o word_n they_o overthrow_v at_o last_o the_o foundation_n of_o their_o own_o doctrine_n and_o play_v fast_o and_o loose_a by_o a_o multitude_n of_o their_o irresolute_a distinction_n so_o that_o either_o their_o conclusion_n must_v be_v that_o usury_n be_v lawful_a or_o else_o they_o can_v conclude_v nothing_o at_o all_o if_o i_o wrong_v either_o dr._n fenton_n or_o the_o truth_n i_o desire_v friendly_a to_o be_v show_v my_o error_n i_o do_v not_o follow_v he_o here_o line_n by_o line_n for_o so_o i_o may_v tire_v myself_o and_o vex_v other_o with_o unnecessary_a tautology_n i_o have_v only_o endeavour_v to_o extract_v the_o quintessence_n of_o his_o reason_n and_o to_o apply_v myself_o to_o the_o examinatiom_n of_o they_o his_o reason_n not_o his_o rhetoric_n i_o except_v against_o whether_o just_o or_o unjust_o let_v other_o judge_v to_o who_o censure_n i_o submit_v these_o paper_n i_o will_v fain_o know_v of_o the_o minister_n of_o the_o gospel_n who_o do_v often_o reckon_v up_o in_o the_o pulpit_n usury_n as_o one_o of_o the_o cry_a sin_n what_o warrant_v they_o have_v in_o the_o gospel_n for_o such_o boldness_n we_o find_v several_a sin_n number_v up_o by_o our_o saviour_n and_o the_o apostle_n but_o usury_n never_o so_o much_o as_o name_v for_o a_o sin_n in_o the_o whole_a new_a testament_n st._n paul_n in_o the_o five_o to_o the_o galathian_n do_v with_o one_o breath_n reckon_v up_o together_o seventeen_o sin_n which_o he_o reprove_v and_o yet_o usury_n be_v none_o of_o they_o but_o many_o preacher_n can_v not_o reckon_v up_o seven_o deadly_a sin_n except_o they_o make_v usury_n one_o of_o they_o r._n f._n errata_fw-la pag._n 3._o l._n 14._o for_o different_a lege_fw-la for_o a_o different_a pag._n 100_o l._n 26._o suit_n lege_fw-la suit_n in_o law_n p._n 123._o l._n 22._o for_o exod._n 0.13_o lege_fw-la exod._n 30.13_o p._n 131._o l._n 22._o be_v sell_v lege_fw-la must_v be_v just_o sell_v a_o examination_n of_o dr._n fenton_n treatise_n of_o vsury_n touch_v the_o definition_n of_o vsury_n i_o let_v pass_v his_o chapter_n of_o name_n of_o usury_n because_o he_o confess_v that_o by_o they_o he_o have_v prove_v little_a or_o nothing_o at_o all_o page_n 12._o the_o main_a point_n be_v the_o definition_n which_o he_o say_v must_v not_o be_v omit_v or_o slight_o pass_v over_o because_o it_o be_v a_o great_a and_o necessary_a question_n to_o resolve_v the_o understanding_n what_o that_o usury_n be_v whereof_o we_o dispute_v pag._n 13._o and_o therefore_o he_o do_v entitle_v his_o first_o book_n whole_o about_o the_o definition_n of_o usury_n although_o when_o he_o come_v unto_o the_o point_n he_o do_v nothing_o less_o than_o define_v it_o as_o may_v thus_o appear_v actual_a usury_n say_v he_o pag._n 15._o be_v of_o divers_a diverse_o describe_v a_o variety_n tedious_a to_o relate_v first_o in_o stead_n of_o all_o unlawful_a usury_n he_o speak_v of_o a_o description_n of_o part_n only_o to_o wit_v of_o actual_a usury_n whereas_o he_o shall_v first_o define_v and_o then_o divide_v but_o invert_v the_o rule_n of_o method_n he_o suffer_v mâ—ntall_a usury_n which_o he_o say_v be_v a_o sin_n to_o escape_v out_o of_o his_o description_n neither_o do_v
wit_n of_o man_n stately_a building_n rich_a furniture_n gorgeous_a apparel_n and_o dainty_a feast_n be_v not_o prepare_v against_o the_o creation_n of_o adam_n it_o be_v a_o long_a time_n before_o so_o much_o silver_n be_v dig_v up_o and_o coin_v as_o will_v fill_v man_n coffer_n that_o they_o may_v spare_v or_o employ_v large_a sum_n by_o the_o negotiation_n and_o traffic_n of_o other_o man_n first_o look_v after_o thing_n necessary_a only_o and_o the_o want_n of_o such_o thing_n teach_v they_o to_o borrow_v of_o one_o another_o also_o when_o the_o law_n be_v give_v the_o people_n of_o god_n say_v d._n fenton_n p._n 10._o be_v travel_v in_o the_o desert_n and_o afterwards_o be_v trouble_v with_o war_n in_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n there_o be_v little_a borrow_n of_o money_n but_o only_o by_o the_o poor_a for_o the_o supply_n of_o their_o want_n and_o of_o they_o to_o take_v usury_n be_v more_o sensible_a bite_n and_o oppression_n in_o that_o they_o borrow_v not_o to_o lay_v out_o for_o commodity_n but_o to_o spenâ—_n for_o necessity_n therefore_o david_n in_o his_o troublesome_a day_n use_v the_o word_n neshee_n only_o for_o usury_n as_o best_o filt_v those_o time_n where_o the_o poor_a wâ—re_n most_o bite_v by_o this_o sin_n in_o these_o passage_n of_o dr._n fenton_n we_o may_v note_v what_o manner_n of_o borrow_v cause_v the_o first_o name_n of_o usury_n which_o name_n afterwards_o for_o the_o similitude_n only_o of_o the_o increase_n may_v be_v apply_v to_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o borrow_v although_o they_o be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o uncharitable_a nature_n the_o like_a observation_n of_o a_o good_a name_n use_v for_o a_o bad_a thing_n dr._n fenton_n produce_v in_o the_o latin_a name_n of_o usury_n usura_fw-la say_v he_o be_v original_o a_o a_o good_a honest_a word_n until_o usury_n do_v mar_v it_o for_o usura_fw-la intruth_o be_v nothing_o but_o usus_a rei_fw-la primitive_o take_v for_o the_o use_n of_o other_o thing_n as_o well_o as_o money_n in_o conclusion_n although_o the_o uncharitable_a gain_n that_o be_v practise_v upon_o necessitate_a borrower_n do_v just_o deserve_v a_o besit_a name_n of_o bite_v yet_o a_o gain_n that_o be_v take_v from_o such_o as_o borrow_v where_o necessity_n constrain_v not_o be_v but_o a_o equivocal_a bite_v because_o proper_o there_o can_v be_v no_o bite_n but_o where_o there_o be_v oppression_n and_o oppression_n be_v only_o of_o the_o poor_a a_o man_n may_v deceive_v a_o rich_a man_n but_o oppress_v he_o he_o can_v the_o reason_n be_v evident_a oppression_n be_v a_o violent_a action_n of_o injustice_n necessity_n compel_v a_o poor_a man_n to_o borrow_v and_o the_o lender_n force_v he_o to_o pay_v a_o increase_n in_o this_o be_v a_o violence_n which_o a_o rich_a man_n can_v be_v subject_a unto_o because_o no_o necessity_n force_v he_o to_o borrow_v it_o be_v not_o necessary_a but_o arbitrary_a whether_o he_o will_v borrow_v upon_o increase_n for_o although_o there_o be_v a_o moral_a necessity_n that_o if_o he_o will_v borrow_v he_o must_v pay_v a_o overplus_n yet_o that_o he_o must_v borrow_v be_v not_o absolute_o necessary_a so_o than_o it_o be_v the_o necessity_n of_o the_o borrower_n that_o must_v concur_v to_o make_v a_o violent_a action_n in_o the_o lender_n if_o a_o rich_a man_n be_v force_v to_o pay_v the_o whole_a forfeiture_n of_o a_o bond_n it_o be_v his_o own_o folly_n to_o enter_v into_o such_o a_o obligation_n without_o necessity_n whereby_o he_o do_v enable_v the_o lender_n to_o deceive_v he_o by_o a_o legal_a mean_n who_o in_o extremity_n make_v benefit_n of_o all_o that_o which_o the_o law_n do_v provide_v only_o for_o a_o caution_n of_o his_o indemnity_n this_o deceit_n of_o the_o lender_n be_v injustice_n but_o it_o be_v not_o the_o violent_a sin_n of_o oppression_n which_o be_v proper_o find_v in_o bite_a usury_n a_o second_o word_n there_o be_v find_v in_o scripture_n which_o they_o say_v be_v a_o exegetical_a addition_n which_o signify_v any_o increase_n at_o all_o if_o what_o be_v say_v be_v true_a it_o neither_o hurt_v nor_o help_v the_o question_n if_o the_o text_n be_v understand_v of_o the_o poor_a only_o for_o although_o all_o increase_n from_o the_o poor_a yet_o what_o be_v that_o to_o the_o take_a usury_n of_o the_o rich_a but_o let_v we_o see_v a_o little_a how_o they_o strain_v this_o word_n tarbith_fw-he for_o increase_v first_o if_o tarbith_o do_v signify_v of_o itself_o a_o multiply_n as_o it_o do_v indeed_o or_o a_o excessive_a increase_n it_o be_v then_o all_o one_o with_o neshee_n which_o dr._n fenton_n make_v to_o consist_v in_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o gain_n but_o i_o think_v to_o be_v in_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n from_o who_o it_o be_v take_v and_o then_o where_o will_v they_o find_v their_o exegesis_n if_o these_o term_n be_v synonâ—mas_n second_o i_o will_v know_v how_o dr._n fenton_n can_v prove_v that_o the_o scripture_n use_v tarbith_fw-he for_o the_o usury_n of_o money_n the_o prophet_n say_v he_o who_o be_v true_a expositor_n of_o the_o law_n join_v both_o word_n together_o apply_v they_o both_o indifferent_o evermore_o to_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o prophet_n ezek._n join_v neshee_n and_o tarbiâ—â—_z and_o so_o do_v solomon_n but_o it_o be_v false_a that_o they_o apply_v they_o both_o indifferent_o evermore_o to_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n for_o they_o apply_v they_o not_o at_o all_o they_o neither_o name_n money_n nor_o victual_n i_o can_v find_v they_o but_o once_o apply_v in_o the_o whole_a scripture_n and_o that_o be_v by_o moses_n in_o levit._n 25.36_o there_o dr._n fenton_n may_v have_v find_v they_o both_o name_v together_o and_o then_o apply_v neshee_n to_o money_n and_o tarbith_fw-he to_o victuâ—lls_n so_o that_o the_o law_n of_o god_n nowhere_o in_o plain_a term_n forbid_v the_o increase_n of_o money_n which_o point_n be_v careful_o observe_v by_o the_o translator_n of_o our_o bible_n for_o they_o all_o consent_n and_o agree_v to_o translate_v neshee_n only_o for_o usury_n the_o word_n tarbith_fw-he or_o marbith_fw-he they_o have_v never_o translate_v by_o the_o name_n of_o usury_n and_o in_o the_o proverb_n 28.8_o whereas_o in_o the_o original_a it_o be_v tarbith_fw-he our_o divine_n have_v render_v it_o unjust_a gain_n thereby_o intimate_v they_o do_v not_o think_v all_o increase_n or_o gain_v to_o be_v mean_v but_o only_o such_o as_o be_v unjust_a it_o will_v be_v say_v that_o since_o money_n and_o victual_n be_v both_o in_o the_o same_o text_n they_o be_v both_o of_o one_o nature_n so_o that_o tarbith_fw-he may_v be_v refer_v indifferent_o to_o either_o of_o they_o answ._n the_o text_n do_v conjoin_v they_o not_o for_o be_v of_o one_o nature_n in_o spend_v or_o use_v but_o the_o law_n do_v intend_v only_o the_o mention_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o the_o poor_a in_o extrâ—â—â—â—y_n do_v necâ—ssarily_o borrow_v for_o mainteâ—ance_n of_o life_n which_o be_v either_o uâ—ctualls_n itself_o or_o money_n which_o do_v easy_a and_o soon_o pâ—ocure_v vâ—ctuallâ—_z otherwise_o these_o two_o dâ—ffer_n as_o dr._n fenton_n have_v shâ—wed_v in_o the_o example_n of_o a_o loaf_n and_o money_n the_o first_o be_v spâ—nt_fw-la the_o latter_a be_v use_v victuâ—lls_v then_o when_o they_o be_v spend_v be_v quite_o consume_v and_o no_o further_o use_n can_v be_v make_v of_o they_o it_o be_v othâ—rwise_o wiâ—h_a money_n which_o can_v propâ—rly_o be_v say_v to_o be_v spend_v the_o same_o 100_o l._n that_o have_v be_v use_v by_o one_o may_v be_v use_v after_o by_o a_o 100_o man_n successive_o and_o in_o the_o pass_n of_o it_o away_o some_o other_o commodity_n may_v be_v procure_v by_o it_o of_o great_a or_o equal_a value_n which_o may_v be_v use_v for_o increase_v so_o that_o the_o use_n of_o money_n be_v in_o a_o sort_n perpetual_a this_o difference_n well_o consider_v there_o may_v be_v a_o great_a reason_n to_o prohibit_v the_o usury_n and_o increase_n of_o victual_n than_o usury_n only_o of_o money_n but_o i_o do_v not_o rely_v upon_o the_o argument_n from_o the_o name_n of_o neshee_n or_o tarbith_o and_o the_o rather_o because_o i_o think_v the_o true_a propriety_n of_o they_o as_o of_o many_o other_o word_n be_v quite_o lose_v as_o to_o we_o a_o three_o strain_n of_o dr._n fenton_n be_v to_o have_v the_o word_n tarbith_fw-he to_o expound_v and_o explain_v the_o term_n neshec_fw-la we_o find_v neshec_n use_v alone_o in_o exod._n deut._n and_o the_o psalm_n tarbith_fw-he be_v never_o use_v alone_o but_o be_v join_v with_o neshec_n in_o levit._n prov._n and_o ezek_n so_o than_o the_o first_o be_v use_v in_o all_o text_n the_o latter_a but_o in_o some_o now_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o a_o particular_a word_n which_o be_v always_o use_v shall_v expound_v a_o general_n which_o be_v use_v
but_o sometime_o or_o on_o the_o contrary_a as_o dr._n fenton_n think_v for_o he_o tell_v we_o p._n 39_o it_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o scripture_n after_o a_o law_n be_v give_v and_o a_o sin_n forbid_v in_o a_o sensible_a term_n by_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o more_o general_a to_o express_v god_n meaning_n more_o full_o lest_o man_n shall_v seek_v liberty_n in_o restrain_v the_o former_a term_n more_o narrow_o thus_o he_o but_o what_o sense_n be_v there_o in_o his_o word_n to_o express_v a_o sensible_a by_o a_o general_a he_o shall_v have_v say_v a_o particular_a by_o a_o general_a or_o a_o sensible_a by_o a_o insensible_a and_o then_o his_o error_n will_v have_v be_v more_o sensible_a for_o i_o trust_v it_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o thing_n sensible_a to_o express_v thing_n insensible_a and_o of_o particular_n to_o expound_v general_n as_o may_v manifest_o appear_v by_o the_o instance_n allege_v by_o dr._n fenton_n and_o which_o make_v somewhat_o strong_o against_o himself_o theft_n say_v he_o be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o sensible_a term_n of_o steal_v the_o holy_a ghost_n â—ddeâ—h_v deal_v false_o or_o circumvent_v teach_v thereby_o overreach_v in_o bargain_v by_o cunning_a to_o be_v theft_n here_o i_o ask_v if_o steal_v be_v a_o sensible_a term_n whether_o deal_v false_o or_o circumvent_v by_o cunning_a be_v a_o general_n sure_o dr._n fenton_n must_v not_o say_v it_o for_o deceit_n in_o contract_n be_v but_o a_o particular_a kind_n of_o theft_n or_o steal_v and_o therefore_o not_o a_o more_o but_o a_o less_o general_a term_n then_o steal_v so_o that_o quite_o contrary_a to_o dr._n fenton_n his_o doctrine_n the_o general_a sin_n of_o steal_v be_v explain_v and_o express_v by_o the_o particular_a sin_n of_o deceit_n in_o deal_n therefore_o it_o be_v more_o reasonable_a that_o the_o particular_a term_n of_o bite_v shall_v expound_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o general_a word_n increase_v since_o nothing_o be_v more_o usual_a than_o when_o a_o matter_n have_v be_v particular_o express_v to_o mention_v it_o afterwards_o in_o more_o general_a term_n beside_o this_o shift_n of_o express_v the_o sensible_a by_o the_o more_o general_a term_n be_v to_o imagine_v the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n subject_n to_o human_a infirmity_n as_o if_o god_n have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o perfect_v his_o law_n till_o the_o cavil_v of_o man_n and_o their_o seek_v liberty_n to_o restrain_v the_o term_n teach_v he_o how_o to_o mend_v it_o no_o doubt_n if_o the_o law_n of_o god_n have_v intend_v the_o prohibition_n of_o all_o increase_n it_o can_v have_v do_v it_o in_o plain_a and_o short_a term_n as_o it_o do_v in_o murder_n theft_n and_o adultery_n by_o say_v thou_o shall_v take_v no_o increase_n by_o lend_v or_o let_v money_n but_o instead_o of_o increase_n the_o law_n say_v bil_v or_o oppress_v of_o the_o poor_a if_o murder_n and_o usury_n be_v prohibit_v and_o permit_v alike_o why_o do_v not_o the_o commandment_n say_v thou_o shall_v not_o murder_v thy_o poor_a brother_n but_o a_o stranger_n thou_o may_v murthâ—r_v sure_o god_n do_v not_o use_v these_o qualification_n for_o nought_o it_o be_v demand_v by_o dr._n fenton_n upon_o the_o law_n thou_o shall_v not_o trouble_v any_o widow_n or_o fatherless_a child_n whether_o it_o follow_v that_o i_o may_v trouble_v a_o marry_a woman_n or_o a_o child_n that_o have_v a_o father_n ans._n i_o may_v not_o but_o yet_o the_o reason_n be_v not_o for_o that_o i_o be_o prohibit_v by_o this_o special_a law_n for_o widow_n and_o orphan_n but_o for_o that_o by_o a_o general_a commandment_n of_o not_o steal_v i_o be_o forbid_v to_o oppress_v or_o trouble_v any_o man_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o word_n of_o solomon_n thou_o shall_v not_o rob_v the_o poor_a yet_o i_o may_v not_o rob_v the_o rich_a though_o these_o word_n forbid_v i_o not_o but_o because_o of_o the_o former_a general_a commandment_n but_o the_o like_a can_v he_o say_v of_o usury_n there_o be_v no_o former_a general_a law_n that_o forbid_v take_v increase_n of_o the_o rich_a but_o dr._n fenton_n say_v that_o usury_n bite_v the_o rich_a as_o well_o as_o the_o poor_a and_o do_v promise_n to_o prove_v it_o but_o it_o seem_v he_o forget_v it_o i_o be_o in_o doubt_n he_o be_v never_o able_a to_o do_v it_o indeed_o he_o will_v persuade_v we_o that_o to_o lend_v to_o the_o rich_a be_v to_o enable_v he_o to_o oppress_v the_o commonwealth_n and_o so_o consequent_o the_o poor_a but_o he_o do_v not_o show_v how_o the_o commonwealth_n can_v be_v wrong_v by_o usury_n and_o yet_o no_o particular_a person_n be_v first_o oppress_v sure_o i_o be_o the_o text_n speak_v not_o of_o oppress_v the_o commonwealth_n but_o express_o name_v particular_o thy_o poor_a brother_n to_o who_o thou_o lend_v that_o he_o be_v not_o oppress_v so_o that_o the_o law_n point_v at_o a_o apparent_a and_o sensible_a person_n who_o usury_n bite_v but_o d._n fenton_n come_v and_o tell_v we_o p._n 36._o alas_o good_a simple_a widow_n can_v they_o tell_v when_o or_o who_o or_o how_o many_o their_o usury_n do_v bite_v nay_o can_v the_o wise_a usurer_n of_o they_o all_o tell_v thus_o dr._n fenton_n because_o he_o see_v that_o in_o some_o case_n he_o can_v show_v how_o any_o particular_a person_n be_v oppress_v by_o usury_n therefore_o he_o fly_v for_o sanctuary_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o hide_v himself_o in_o the_o crowd_n while_o he_o must_v confess_v he_o can_v tell_v who_o be_v oppress_v but_o yet_o the_o commonwealth_n or_o some_o body_n in_o it_o god_n know_v who_o be_v oppress_v but_o let_v we_o see_v how_o he_o know_v in_o general_a that_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v oppress_v by_o usury_n forsooth_o he_o say_v it_o make_v thing_n dear_a and_o enhaunce_v the_o price_n of_o the_o mercat_n p._n 36._o ans._n the_o dearness_n of_o thing_n be_v cause_v either_o by_o the_o scarcity_n of_o the_o thing_n themselves_o or_o by_o the_o plenty_n of_o money_n as_o for_o the_o scarcity_n of_o commodity_n it_o can_v be_v cause_v by_o usury_n for_o it_o neither_o eat_v up_o corn_n nor_o cattle_n nor_o wear_v out_o apparel_n nor_o destroy_v the_o native_a commodity_n of_o any_o country_n but_o contrary_o merchant_n and_o other_o who_o by_o usury_n be_v enable_v to_o trade_n do_v export_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v cheap_a and_o plentifull_a here_o than_o in_o other_o country_n that_o so_o they_o may_v gain_v there_o and_o do_v bring_v back_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v dear_a and_o of_o most_o necessity_n at_o home_n that_o so_o also_o they_o may_v gain_v here_o so_o that_o usury_n do_v not_o only_o not_o cause_v a_o scarcity_n but_o it_o be_v the_o mean_n of_o plenty_n in_o a_o kingdom_n for_o as_o it_o consume_v not_o that_o we_o have_v so_o it_o procure_v we_o that_o we_o want_v as_o for_o dearness_n by_o reason_n of_o plenty_n of_o money_n it_o be_v no_o misery_n but_o the_o happiness_n of_o any_o realm_n to_o know_v such_o a_o dearth_n those_o place_n be_v not_o the_o rich_a where_o thing_n be_v cheap_a for_o then_o scotland_n will_v excel_v england_n but_o it_o be_v the_o want_n of_o money_n which_o make_v thing_n cheap_a in_o such_o country_n nor_o let_v any_o man_n think_v that_o if_o usury_n be_v not_o thing_n will_v be_v one_o whit_n cheap_a for_o by_o dr._n fentons_n confession_n p._n 38._o if_o usury_n be_v not_o man_n will_v tenter_v their_o wit_n either_o in_o trade_v themselves_o or_o employ_v other_o so_o that_o the_o same_o gain_n will_v be_v raise_v a_o other_o way_n for_o in_o the_o point_n of_o usury_n the_o question_n be_v not_o whether_o gain_n may_v be_v make_v of_o money_n but_o who_o shall_v have_v the_o gain_n as_o for_o raise_v the_o mercat_n it_o be_v not_o cause_v by_o usury_n the_o governor_n and_o ruler_n of_o the_o rate_n and_o price_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v the_o owner_n of_o money_n and_o the_o master_n of_o stock_n for_o the_o lender_n rule_n the_o borrower_n and_o the_o rich_a govern_v the_o mean_a the_o moneyed_a man_n proportion_v the_o valuation_n of_o good_n and_o by_o practice_n and_o custom_n agree_v in_o a_o common_a gain_n to_o be_v raise_v by_o the_o contract_n of_o bargain_v sell_v let_v and_o the_o like_a for_o instance_n the_o master_n of_o money_n of_o this_o kingdom_n by_o their_o trade_n raise_v so_o much_o gain_v as_o ordinary_o amount_v to_o 20._o or_o 30._o in_o the_o 100_o at_o the_o year_n end_n which_o be_v consider_v by_o the_o mean_a sort_n of_o people_n they_o reckon_v with_o themselves_o that_o if_o they_o can_v borrow_v at_o 10_o in_o the_o hundred_o that_o then_o by_o such_o trade_v their_o gain_n may_v both_o pay_v the_o use_n and_o leave_v they_o 20._o or_o 10_o l._n gainer_n so_o that_o the_o borrower_n do_v trade_n
{non-roman}_o lend_v upon_o usury_n be_v not_o that_o the_o proper_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n in_o all_o author_n have_v not_o the_o latin_a borrow_v the_o word_n danista_n a_o usurer_n and_o danisma_n usury_n from_o the_o greek_a although_o our_o translation_n say_v only_o lend_v this_o general_a word_n may_v also_o comprehend_v lend_v upon_o use_n it_o accord_v with_o the_o original_a and_o cross_v not_o the_o translation_n but_o it_o may_v be_v lend_v upon_o usury_n may_v be_v here_o in_o this_o text_n allow_v by_o our_o adversary_n if_o we_o will_v observe_v as_o it_o follow_v in_o the_o text_n to_o look_v for_o nothing_o again_o these_o word_n of_o look_v or_o hope_v for_o nothing_o again_o although_o they_o be_v answerable_a to_o the_o vulgar_a translation_n yet_o in_o the_o original_a they_o have_v another_o more_o proper_a signification_n as_o be_v show_v by_o beza_n who_o be_v no_o friend_n to_o usury_n you_o shall_v have_v his_o word_n in_o his_o annotation_n upon_o 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of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v not_o spend_v in_o the_o use_n but_o have_v a_o fruitful_a use_n in_o themselves_o natural_o which_o use_n may_v be_v value_v a_o part_n and_o be_v let_v the_o property_n remain_v in_o the_o letter_n and_o the_o thing_n if_o it_o miscarry_v without_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o hirer_n belong_v to_o the_o letter_n only_o if_o we_o ask_v from_o whence_o they_o collect_v these_o distinction_n and_o property_n of_o let_v or_o whether_o they_o have_v any_o rule_n for_o they_o in_o scripture_n they_o answer_v though_o there_o be_v no_o text_n for_o they_o yet_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o reason_n which_o order_v and_o regulate_v all_o human_a contract_n do_v teach_v they_o let_v it_o be_v so_o and_o let_v we_o have_v leave_v a_o little_a to_o examine_v by_o the_o same_o law_n of_o reason_n and_o common_a sense_n these_o property_n of_o let_v and_o see_v whether_o any_o or_o all_o of_o they_o may_v be_v apply_v to_o money_n i_o confess_v thing_n hire_v be_v 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downame_n do_v but_o seem_v to_o yield_v and_o say_v pag._n 65._o that_o also_o of_o spend_v money_n in_o the_o first_o use_n as_o if_o the_o use_n and_o property_n be_v inseparable_a so_o much_o stand_v upon_o by_o school_n divine_v he_o may_v also_o have_v say_v canonist_n be_v much_o subject_n to_o cavil_n for_o there_o be_v sensible_a difference_n between_o spend_v a_o loaf_n of_o bread_n and_o disburse_v money_n for_o gain_v a_o loaf_n once_o eat_v have_v no_o second_o use_n to_o he_o that_o eat_v it_o or_o to_o any_o other_o money_n lay_v out_o remain_v still_o the_o same_o to_o be_v use_v by_o another_o and_o the_o same_o in_o the_o equivalent_a to_o he_o that_o lay_v it_o out_o and_o the_o same_o individual_a piece_n which_o once_o deliver_v shall_v never_o happy_o return_v again_o to_o the_o same_o person_n there_o may_v be_v some_o difference_n in_o a_o philosopher_n brain_n but_o not_o in_o a_o merchant_n purse_n it_o be_v all_o one_o whether_o it_o be_v the_o same_o shilling_n or_o another_o as_o good_a thing_n let_v say_v they_o must_v have_v a_o fruitful_a use_n natural_o in_o themselves_o if_o this_o property_n be_v true_a i_o will_v confess_v money_n may_v not_o be_v let._n but_o common_a sense_n do_v confute_v this_o assertion_n what_o fruitful_a use_n have_v a_o house_n natural_o do_v one_o house_n beget_v or_o bring_v forth_o another_o be_v it_o not_o a_o artificial_a thing_n as_o tool_n instrument_n and_o furniture_n all_o which_o be_v lawful_o let_v although_o they_o have_v no_o more_o fruitful_a use_n by_o nature_n than_o money_n have_v all_o thing_n that_o be_v useful_a either_o by_o nature_n or_o art_n that_o have_v either_o fructum_fw-la in_o themselves_o or_o questum_fw-la by_o industry_n be_v the_o object_n of_o let_v no_o man_n will_v deny_v the_o artificial_a use_n of_o money_n yet_o i_o find_v dr._n fenton_n to_o contradict_v himself_o in_o this_o point_n of_o the_o use_n of_o money_n his_o word_n be_v pag._n 20._o the_o money_n of_o a_o tradesman_n be_v his_o tool_n by_o which_o he_o get_v his_o live_n if_o therefore_o they_o be_v retain_v from_o he_o to_o his_o sensiblâ—_z detriment_n satisfaction_n be_v due_a in_o justice_n and_o equity_n without_o touch_n of_o usury_n in_o a_o other_o place_n pag._n 94._o forget_v this_o he_o determine_v that_o nothing_o whatsoever_o it_o be_v natural_a or_o artificial_a but_o it_o serve_v either_o to_o feed_v or_o to_o clothe_v or_o to_o work_v withal_o or_o to_o play_v withal_o yet_o for_o money_n there_o be_v no_o use_n to_o be_v make_v of_o it_o money_n have_v thus_o a_o artificial_a use_n distinct_a from_o the_o spend_n of_o it_o this_o use_n of_o it_o be_v valuable_a a_o part_n and_o to_o be_v guide_v by_o the_o same_o rule_n which_o serve_v for_o the_o true_a valuation_n of_o any_o other_o lettable_a thing_n we_o see_v by_o daily_a experience_n that_o the_o valuation_n of_o the_o use_n of_o money_n be_v more_o certain_a than_o of_o other_o thing_n it_o remain_v 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have_v lend_v his_o money_n during_o the_o time_n that_o it_o be_v lend_v and_o out_o of_o possession_n have_v power_n in_o law_n and_o a_o right_a to_o give_v or_o bequeathe_v at_o his_o pleasure_n which_o he_o can_v not_o dispose_v of_o if_o he_o have_v no_o property_n in_o it_o a_o property_n in_o the_o sum_n lent_n or_o to_o the_o equivalent_a which_o be_v all_o one_o as_o dr._n fenton_n have_v ingenuous_o confess_v it_o be_v a_o frivolous_a exception_n to_o say_v he_o have_v not_o a_o property_n in_o that_o individual_a shilling_n which_o he_o lend_v since_o art_n have_v so_o order_v it_o that_o all_o shilling_n be_v the_o self_n same_o in_o use_n and_o as_o one_o shilling_n if_o all_o other_o natural_a and_o artificial_a thing_n which_o be_v confess_v to_o be_v lettable_a be_v of_o equal_a value_n and_o use_v if_o all_o horse_n and_o sheep_n be_v alike_o in_o all_o thing_n without_o any_o real_a difference_n in_o their_o goodness_n and_o use_n it_o will_v be_v all_o one_o to_o he_o that_o have_v let_v his_o horse_n to_o receive_v his_o own_o horse_n or_o another_o we_o must_v understand_v say_v dr._n fenton_n a_o special_a kind_n of_o lend_v which_o for_o penury_n of_o word_n and_o narrowness_n of_o our_o english_a want_v a_o proper_a term_n in_o latin_a it_o be_v call_v mutuum_fw-la or_o mutuatio_fw-la which_o be_v say_v he_o the_o free_a pass_n over_o both_o of_o use_n and_o property_n for_o a_o time_n at_o the_o time_n end_v to_o receive_v the_o like_a again_o thus_o he_o if_o it_o be_v pass_v over_o but_o for_o a_o time_n then_o at_o the_o time_n end_v the_o same_o again_o must_v be_v restore_v why_o then_o do_v he_o name_v only_o the_o like_a again_o if_o only_o the_o like_a be_v restore_v then_o the_o thing_n itself_o be_v pass_v over_o for_o ever_o dr._n wilson_n the_o civilian_n in_o his_o book_n of_o usury_n put_v the_o case_n how_o hire_v of_o money_n may_v be_v lawful_a if_o a_o man_n borrow_v a_o 100l_o only_o to_o make_v show_n of_o either_o 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whole_a text_n which_o dr._n fenton_n have_v curtail_v to_o fit_v his_o own_o turn_n the_o word_n be_v if_o a_o man_n borrow_v aught_o of_o his_o neighbour_n and_o it_o be_v hurt_v or_o die_v the_o owner_n thereof_o not_o be_v with_o it_o he_o shall_v sure_o make_v it_o good_a but_o if_o the_o owner_n thereof_o be_v with_o it_o he_o shall_v not_o makâ—_z it_o good_a if_o it_o be_v a_o hire_a thing_n it_o come_v for_o the_o hâ—re_n answ_n 1._o it_o may_v be_v think_v the_o text_n intend_v beast_n only_o and_o not_o other_o good_n or_o money_n because_o the_o four_o precedent_a verse_n to_o which_o the_o text_n have_v reference_n be_v restrain_v to_o ox_n ass_n or_o sheep_n or_o any_o beast_n and_o the_o same_o word_n of_o die_v and_o hurt_v be_v use_v in_o this_o verse_n which_o be_v use_v in_o the_o ten_o verse_n where_o beast_n only_o be_v mean_v which_o word_n be_v not_o so_o proper_a to_o express_v all_o sort_n of_o hazard_n of_o other_o good_n withal_o there_o be_v great_a reason_n that_o the_o hazard_n of_o beast_n shall_v not_o light_v upon_o the_o borrower_n because_o they_o by_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n be_v daily_o subject_a to_o decay_v and_o perish_v and_o many_o secret_a disease_n lurk_v in_o they_o which_o the_o borrower_n can_v discern_v whereas_o other_o good_n and_o especial_o money_n be_v not_o of_o so_o perishable_a a_o disposition_n but_o their_o sudden_a destruction_n be_v most_o time_n by_o the_o act_n or_o folly_n of_o man_n and_o not_o from_o the_o god_n of_o nature_n but_o if_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o text_n understand_v all_o good_n then_o indeed_o it_o come_v home_o to_o the_o point_n of_o usury_n but_o it_o make_v for_o it_o and_o not_o against_o it_o for_o the_o law_n be_v for_o thing_n â—et_v that_o if_o they_o be_v hurt_v the_o owner_n thereof_o not_o be_v by_o he_o the_o borrower_n shall_v sure_o make_v it_o good_a now_o in_o usury_n the_o owner_n do_v not_o and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n can_v not_o stand_v by_o and_o see_v how_o their_o money_n miscarry_v indeed_o when_o a_o thing_n be_v hire_v for_o some_o particular_a end_n wherewith_o the_o letter_n be_v make_v acquaint_v than_o he_o may_v stand_v by_o and_o see_v how_o it_o perish_v and_o of_o such_o a_o lend_v the_o text_n be_v best_a understand_v it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o letter_n though_o he_o have_v the_o property_n do_v not_o always_o stand_v unto_o the_o hazard_n but_o only_o when_o he_o stand_v by_o that_o it_o may_v appear_v say_v dr._n fenton_n pag._n 17._o not_o to_o be_v the_o borrower_n default_n the_o rabbin_n exposition_n of_o this_o text_n may_v give_v some_o light_n to_o the_o understanding_n of_o it_o and_o it_o be_v thus_o the_o word_n be_v if_o it_o be_v hurt_v or_o die_v that_o be_v hurt_v in_o the_o use_n or_o die_v in_o the_o work_n for_o which_o it_o be_v hire_v if_o a_o man_n say_v they_o hire_v a_o tool_n for_o some_o particular_a if_o it_o be_v hurt_v in_o do_v the_o work_n it_o must_v not_o be_v make_v good_a so_o if_o i_o hire_v a_o horse_n to_o plow_v with_o and_o the_o horse_n while_o he_o be_v in_o plough_v die_v than_o i_o be_o free_a but_o if_o i_o borrow_v good_n or_o beast_n and_o they_o be_v lose_v or_o steal_v or_o hurt_v or_o take_v away_o by_o violence_n or_o die_v i_o be_o bind_v to_o pay_v all_o if_o such_o violence_n do_v not_o befall_v it_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o work_n if_o i_o borrow_v a_o horse_n to_o plow_v with_o and_o he_o die_v either_o before_o or_o after_o the_o plough_v i_o must_v make_v he_o good_a to_o apply_v this_o text_n to_o money_n the_o most_o that_o can_v be_v gather_v be_v that_o if_o money_n be_v hurt_v in_o the_o use_n of_o it_o without_o the_o borroweâ—s_n default_n it_o must_v be_v at_o the_o lender_n hazard_n but_o since_o money_n be_v not_o ordinary_o hire_v for_o any_o one_o particular_a use_n express_v but_o in_o general_a to_o be_v employ_v at_o the_o borrower_n discretion_n how_o can_v the_o lender_n of_o money_n be_v comprehend_v within_o that_o law_n which_o do_v only_o relieve_v the_o borrower_n in_o case_n the_o thing_n hire_v do_v perish_v in_o that_o special_a use_n for_o which_o it_o be_v borrow_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o equity_n of_o this_o law_n be_v if_o the_o thing_n hire_v be_v not_o â—ble_a in_o its_o own_o nature_n to_o do_v the_o thing_n for_o which_o it_o be_v hire_v without_o perish_v the_o hirer_n be_v not_o to_o be_v it_o the_o hazard_n of_o it_o money_n all_o man_n know_v to_o be_v able_a of_o its_o own_o nature_n to_o do_v the_o thing_n for_o which_o it_o be_v hire_v if_o by_o any_o
casual_a or_o external_a accident_n money_n perish_v the_o law_n provide_v no_o remedy_n in_o such_o case_n it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o singular_a benefit_n and_o the_o privilege_n of_o money_n in_o traffic_n that_o it_o be_v not_o of_o a_o perishable_a nature_n the_o end_n why_o policy_n find_v out_o the_o use_n of_o money_n be_v many_o the_o chief_a be_v that_o it_o may_v be_v durable_a portable_a and_o partible_n but_o to_o grant_v they_o that_o he_o that_o stand_v to_o the_o hazard_n shall_v have_v all_o the_o gain_n be_v there_o not_o hazard_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o letter_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o borrower_n of_o money_n many_o that_o have_v contract_v for_o usury_n by_o bond_n and_o other_o security_n have_v lose_v both_o principal_a and_o use_n and_o have_v be_v thereby_o undo_v sure_o such_o people_n find_v hazard_n in_o it_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n that_o omnis_fw-la mutuatio_fw-la plerumque_fw-la damnesa_fw-la â—oque_fw-la meretur_fw-la compensationem_fw-la it_o be_v fit_a therefore_o in_o equity_n that_o since_o the_o lender_n stand_v in_o hazard_n there_o shall_v be_v a_o gain_n due_a to_o he_o also_o but_o this_o gain_n they_o allow_v so_o it_o may_v be_v conditional_a if_o the_o borrower_n gain_n and_o this_o conditional_a gain_n can_v only_o be_v by_o partnership_n as_o for_o let_v of_o money_n upon_o condition_n of_o the_o borrower_n gain_v it_o be_v a_o course_n as_o mischievous_a and_o impossible_a as_o the_o let_n of_o land_n upon_o like_o condition_n without_o experience_n no_o man_n can_v sufficient_o describe_v it_o it_o will_v make_v all_o bargain_n to_o be_v nothing_o but_o suit_n in_o law_n no_o debt_n shall_v be_v due_a but_o upon_o proof_n and_o witness_n examine_v nay_o there_o be_v no_o possibility_n of_o know_v man_n gain_n or_o lossâ—s_v without_o rack_a their_o conscience_n and_o open_v a_o gap_n to_o perjury_n for_o every_o unthrift_n in_o his_o own_o cause_n or_o if_o loss_n and_o gain_n can_v be_v discover_v how_o shall_v it_o appear_v whether_o it_o be_v by_o default_n of_o the_o party_n or_o by_o the_o act_n of_o god_n many_o time_n they_o both_o concur_v and_o be_v so_o twist_v that_o no_o eye_n of_o reason_n can_v distinguish_v they_o in_o effect_n hereby_o every_o man_n be_v tie_v to_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o watch_v the_o disburse_n of_o every_o penny_n which_o he_o lend_v which_o be_v a_o thing_n impossible_a and_o therefore_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n and_o of_o all_o nation_n do_v think_v it_o fit_a to_o tolerate_v sometime_o a_o mischief_n which_o may_v happen_v by_o a_o unfortunate_a bargain_n upon_o a_o absolute_a contract_n than_o to_o allow_v of_o a_o perpetual_a inconvenience_n which_o will_v follow_v a_o conditional_a covenant_n and_o overthrow_v the_o contract_n of_o all_o commonwealth_n in_o all_o let_v there_o be_v a_o consideration_n have_v of_o the_o casualty_n and_o because_o there_o may_v be_v a_o possibility_n of_o extraordinary_a gain_n it_o must_v countervalue_v the_o extraordinary_a loss_n if_o any_o hap_n both_o which_o be_v contingent_a and_o seldom_o happen_v they_o be_v set_v one_o against_o the_o other_o and_o a_o middle_n indifferent_a rate_n between_o they_o which_o do_v ordinary_o happen_v belong_v to_o the_o lender_n who_o be_v not_o to_o partake_v in_o the_o extreme_n because_o it_o be_v rare_o to_o be_v show_v that_o any_o loss_n can_v befall_v a_o man_n in_o liveless_a good_n mere_o by_o the_o act_n of_o god_n without_o the_o concurrence_n of_o some_o fault_n of_o man_n either_o of_o negligence_n ignorance_n indiscretion_n wilfulness_n or_o the_o like_a to_o conclude_v the_o rule_n that_o guide_v the_o valuation_n in_o all_o contract_n be_v not_o what_o casual_o be_v or_o may_v be_v but_o what_o ordinary_o be_v like_a to_o happen_v as_o for_o partnership_n which_o be_v a_o project_n much_o magnify_v by_o the_o adversary_n of_o usury_n let_v it_o be_v examine_v what_o it_o be_v those_o be_v true_o partner_n who_o in_o a_o joint_n stock_n communicate_v their_o pain_n and_o travel_n so_o that_o a_o equal_a industry_n and_o privity_n go_v along_o with_o the_o employment_n of_o the_o stock_n there_o the_o trust_n be_v reciprocal_a the_o covenant_n may_v be_v equal_a and_o the_o law_n do_v relieve_v man_n upon_o their_o covenant_n and_o mutual_a agreement_n in_o such_o partnership_n but_o in_o this_o their_o pretend_a partnership_n where_o there_o be_v but_o a_o trust_n of_o one_o side_n no_o equality_n of_o pain_n no_o privity_n in_o trade_n no_o partnership_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o stock_n nor_o in_o the_o form_n or_o consent_n of_o negotiation_n but_o only_o a_o partnership_n in_o the_o gain_n this_o can_v true_o be_v call_v a_o partnership_n but_o it_o be_v only_o the_o office_n of_o master_n and_o servant_n under_o another_o name_n or_o false_a title_n and_o differ_v only_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o wage_n which_o in_o this_o their_o case_n of_o partnership_n be_v contingent_a and_o in_o the_o other_o absolute_a beside_o in_o this_o their_o counterfeit_a partnership_n a_o man_n may_v make_v no_o covenant_n that_o can_v be_v good_a in_o law_n nor_o so_o much_o as_o take_v a_o bond_n for_o his_o principal_a but_o he_o must_v only_o trust_v to_o the_o honesty_n of_o his_o friend_n since_o no_o article_n can_v be_v make_v that_o shall_v be_v legal_a except_o they_o be_v usurious_a nor_o can_v be_v draw_v so_o reasonable_a as_o a_o honest_a man_n will_v be_v bind_v by_o they_o or_o so_o firm_a that_o a_o dishonest_a man_n can_v safe_o break_v they_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o after_o all_o the_o stir_n about_o usury_n dr._n fenton_n and_o all_o his_o fellow_n do_v allow_v of_o usury_n under_o another_o name_n interest_n they_o all_o agree_v a_o man_n may_v lawful_o take_v so_o it_o be_v against_o his_o will_n that_o be_v when_o a_o man_n detain_v his_o money_n from_o he_o against_o his_o will_n but_o if_o a_o man_n be_v so_o courteous_a as_o to_o consent_v that_o another_o shall_v keep_v his_o money_n he_o must_v then_o stand_v to_o the_o courtesy_n of_o the_o borower_n now_o that_o which_o they_o do_v call_v interest_n they_o do_v allow_v in_o two_o case_n either_o where_o there_o be_v first_o damnum_fw-la contingens_fw-la a_o loss_n arise_v or_o second_o where_o there_o be_v lucrum_fw-la cessans_fw-la gain_n cease_v so_o that_o if_o either_o a_o man_n receive_v damage_n or_o that_o his_o gain_n be_v but_o hinder_v he_o may_v take_v interest_n now_o in_o all_o lend_v a_o man_n gain_n be_v hinder_v because_o he_o have_v not_o his_o money_n to_o employ_v when_o occasion_n serve_v or_o shall_v be_v offer_v nor_o be_v it_o requisite_a that_o cease_v gain_n must_v be_v certain_o prove_v for_o that_o be_v impossible_a be_v a_o thing_n contingent_a but_o a_o probable_a estimation_n of_o it_o may_v be_v allow_v by_o dr._n downam_n confession_n pag._n 166._o and_o in_o all_o probability_n gain_n cease_v or_o be_v hinder_v wheresoever_o there_o be_v lend_v therefore_o by_o this_o their_o own_o scholastical_a distinction_n there_o be_v interest_n due_a for_o all_o lend_v only_o successive_a or_o interusury_n which_o be_v before_o delay_v of_o payment_n they_o will_v fain_o exclude_v but_o if_o interest_n be_v as_o their_o own_o melancthon_n say_v a_o debt_n which_o he_o owe_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n who_o have_v be_v to_o another_o a_o effectual_a cause_n of_o damage_n or_o have_v hinder_v his_o gain_n because_o nature_n teach_v that_o no_o man_n must_v be_v enrich_v by_o the_o hinder_n of_o another_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o st._n paul_n 2_o cor._n 8.13_o that_o one_o be_v not_o ease_v that_o another_o may_v be_v burden_v then_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o delay_n of_o payment_n do_v natural_o begin_v from_o the_o first_o minute_n of_o lend_v if_o any_o will_v abridge_v himself_o of_o the_o privilege_n of_o nature_n by_o the_o give_a day_n for_o payment_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v by_o a_o covenant_n conditional_a to_o pay_v so_o much_o interest_n at_o the_o day_n appoint_v than_o such_o a_o contract_n be_v but_o the_o ratify_n of_o a_o natural_a debt_n with_o a_o dilatory_a payment_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o borrower_n thus_o after_o all_o their_o pretend_a impediment_n of_o let_v money_n they_o be_v force_v to_o confess_v at_o last_o that_o a_o interest_n may_v be_v just_o due_a and_o take_v which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o hire_n a_o recompense_n or_o a_o increase_n of_o it_o the_o sole_a doubt_n they_o make_v be_v about_o the_o contract_n for_o interusury_n neither_o be_v dr._n fenton_n nor_o dr._n downam_n so_o stiff_a against_o contract_n when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o point_n as_o at_o first_o they_o make_v show_v of_o dr._n fenton_n say_v pag._n 64._o it_o be_v great_a reason_n that_o the_o debtor_n shall_v trust_v the_o creditor_n
charity_n and_o not_o the_o creditor_n rely_v upon_o the_o fidelity_n of_o the_o debtor_n and_o bond_n may_v in_o some_o case_n be_v lawful_o make_v which_o can_v so_o lawful_o be_v exact_v this_o he_o speak_v of_o contract_n without_o any_o condition_n of_o hazard_n express_v also_o dr._n downam_n do_v add_v that_o if_o there_o be_v a_o covenant_n of_o the_o one_o side_n in_fw-la eventum_fw-la lucri_fw-la to_o partake_v of_o the_o gain_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n but_o a_o purpose_n of_o bear_v part_n of_o the_o loss_n i_o will_v not_o altogether_o condemn_v such_o a_o contract_n pag._n 163._o thus_o both_o these_o divine_n do_v consent_v that_o a_o contract_n may_v be_v make_v for_o interest_n if_o there_o be_v but_o a_o purpose_n in_o the_o lender_n not_o to_o exact_v or_o oppress_v thereby_o yet_o like_o man_n uncertain_a and_o doubtful_a what_o to_o conclude_v they_o sometime_o allow_v a_o man_n to_o take_v interest_n so_o he_o do_v not_o contract_v for_o it_o at_o other_o time_n to_o contract_n for_o it_o so_o he_o do_v not_o take_v it_o pag._n 27._o one_o while_o a_o bond_n may_v be_v lawful_o make_v so_o it_o be_v not_o exact_v another_o while_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o take_v where_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o covenant_n or_o contract_n again_o dr._n fenton_n say_v pag._n 129._o that_o the_o poison_n of_o usury_n be_v in_o some_o contract_n so_o close_o and_o cunning_o convey_v as_o the_o very_a turn_n of_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o mind_n may_v alter_v the_o case_n to_o make_v it_o just_a or_o unjust_a the_o contract_n remain_v one_o and_o the_o same_o if_o one_o and_o the_o same_o contract_n may_v be_v just_a and_o unjust_a than_o all_o contract_n be_v not_o unjust_a by_o his_o own_o confession_n in_o another_o place_n pag._n 125._o he_o tell_v we_o we_o may_v puzzle_v he_o with_o some_o case_n so_o cunninâ—ly_o contrive_v wherein_o we_o can_v find_v no_o difference_n either_o in_o justice_n or_o charity_n from_o other_o lawful_a contract_n then_o quaere_fw-la whether_o it_o be_v within_o the_o definition_n of_o usury_n if_o it_o appear_v just_a and_o lawful_a it_o shall_v not_o appear_v usurious_a it_o may_v perhaps_o border_v or_o coast_n upon_o usury_n yet_o our_o conclusion_n shall_v still_o remain_v entire_a that_o usury_n proper_o so_o call_v be_v simple_o unlawful_a a_o trim_a conclusion_n but_o what_o be_v we_o the_o wise_a for_o know_v that_o all_o usury_n be_v unlawful_a unless_o he_o teach_v we_o what_o be_v proper_o call_v usury_n this_o be_v the_o main_a doubt_n what_o be_v usury_n and_o what_o be_v not_o whether_o all_o increase_n or_o increase_v only_o from_o the_o poor_a whether_o all_o contract_n for_o gain_v by_o money_n be_v usury_n if_o dr._n fenton_n may_v be_v puzzle_v and_o not_o be_v able_a to_o tell_v we_o what_o contract_n differ_v from_o justice_n and_o charity_n and_o what_o not_o if_o one_o and_o the_o same_o contract_n may_v be_v just_a and_o unjust_a if_o that_o usurious_a contract_n as_o they_o do_v approach_v unto_o equity_n so_o far_o forth_o do_v decline_v the_o nature_n of_o usury_n then_o be_v we_o still_o ignorant_a what_o proper_o be_v usury_n only_o we_o may_v know_v that_o it_o be_v unlawful_a if_o we_o know_v what_o it_o be_v this_o be_v the_o last_o and_o safe_a retreat_n that_o dr._n fenton_n find_v concerning_o human_a testimony_n of_o father_n council_n divine_n heathen_n and_o law_n as_o for_o the_o testimony_n of_o father_n and_o council_n we_o do_v affirm_v that_o neither_o father_n nor_o council_n do_v ever_o define_v usury_n to_o consist_v in_o the_o contract_n for_o gain_n they_o be_v not_o so_o curious_a or_o subtle_a in_o those_o age_n as_o to_o define_v it_o at_o all_o but_o most_o of_o those_o few_o passage_n that_o be_v in_o they_o may_v best_o be_v understand_v to_o mean_v only_o such_o usury_n as_o be_v a_o oppression_n to_o the_o poor_a as_o for_o aristole_n plutarch_n cato_n seneca_n pliny_n and_o some_o other_o i_o shall_v offer_v the_o confession_n of_o dr._n fenton_n pag._n 65._o who_o be_v persuade_v that_o the_o very_a conceit_n of_o these_o ground_n of_o the_o philosopher_n argument_n have_v move_v many_o to_o think_v more_o favourable_o of_o usury_n itself_o than_o there_o be_v just_a cause_n the_o force_n of_o the_o philosopher_n argument_n take_v from_o the_o barrenness_n of_o money_n and_o the_o unnatural_a brood_n of_o usury_n be_v mingle_v with_o metaphor_n if_o it_o be_v not_o right_o apprehend_v be_v obscure_a and_o doubtful_a that_o also_o of_o spend_v money_n in_o the_o first_o use_n as_o if_o use_n and_o property_n be_v inseparable_a be_v much_o subject_n be_v cavil_v by_o these_o passage_n we_o may_v see_v what_o little_a confidence_n dr._n fenton_n put_v in_o the_o argument_n of_o the_o heathen_a philosopher_n against_o usury_n as_o for_o the_o bare_a authority_n of_o these_o man_n the_o speculative_a determination_n of_o so_o few_o philosopher_n be_v no_o way_n to_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o grave_a wisdom_n of_o whole_a state_n which_o by_o practice_n and_o by_o custom_n in_o all_o age_n have_v approve_v thereof_o i_o know_v the_o abuse_n of_o usury_n have_v give_v just_a cause_n both_o to_o christian_n and_o heathen_n to_o declaim_v bitter_o against_o it_o merchandise_v as_o dr._n fenton_n tell_v we_o also_o let_v of_o land_n and_o other_o trade_n have_v their_o manifold_a abuse_n and_o yet_o be_v thing_n lawful_a in_o themselves_o and_o whereas_o all_o other_o trade_n do_v oppress_v but_o within_o their_o own_o circle_n or_o limit_n and_o in_o such_o particular_n wherein_o they_o deal_v usury_n deal_v with_o money_n which_o be_v use_v in_o all_o trade_n have_v make_v the_o abuse_n thereof_o more_o general_a and_o therefore_o all_o man_n have_v the_o more_o frequent_a occasion_n to_o speak_v against_o it_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o be_v gather_v out_o of_o all_o the_o best_a ancient_a law_n both_o heathen_a and_o christian_a and_o which_o be_v most_o in_o use_n at_o this_o day_n do_v allow_v usury_n the_o law_n of_o venice_n genoa_n and_o the_o low-countries_n three_o simple_o the_o rich_a state_n in_o europe_n do_v allow_v thereof_o and_o yet_o be_v free_a from_o poor_a which_o persuade_v that_o usury_n be_v not_o so_o hurtful_a to_o a_o state_n as_o for_o the_o statute_n law_n of_o this_o land_n they_o do_v vary_v and_o one_o statute_n mislike_v and_o repeal_v another_o but_o they_o all_o allow_v usury_n of_o orphan_n and_o the_o law_n last_o make_v since_o the_o death_n of_o dr._n fenton_n in_o the_o 21._o year_n of_o king_n james_n do_v allow_v eight_o in_o the_o hundred_o the_o constant_a practice_n of_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o land_n and_o also_o of_o the_o chancery_n in_o point_n of_o equity_n do_v not_o only_o allow_v interest_n where_o there_o be_v a_o contract_n for_o it_o but_o also_o do_v give_v it_o where_o there_o be_v none_o to_o end_v this_o point_n if_o all_o law_n and_o state_n have_v think_v all_o usury_n to_o be_v unlawful_a and_o also_o mischievous_a to_o a_o commonwealth_n and_o if_o that_o partnership_n be_v a_o mean_n both_o lawful_a and_o beneficial_a it_o be_v strange_a that_o no_o practice_n nor_o law_n of_o any_o nation_n will_v never_o establish_v this_o latter_a and_o for_o all_o the_o world_n to_o tolerate_v a_o sin_n when_o so_o easy_a a_o remedy_n have_v be_v at_o hand_n have_v be_v a_o universal_a madness_n argument_n against_o usury_n it_o be_v to_o some_o doubtful_a therefore_o unlawful_a because_o whatsoever_o be_v not_o of_o faith_n be_v sin_n answ_n this_o argument_n do_v not_o make_v it_o simple_o unlawful_a to_o all_o but_o only_o to_o such_o as_o doubt_v and_o therefore_o it_o prove_v not_o the_o point_n for_o dr._n fenton_n his_o position_n be_v that_o all_o usury_n be_v of_o itself_o a_o sin_n and_o so_o nothing_o indifferent_a by_o this_o doctrine_n he_o first_o perplex_v the_o understanding_n of_o the_o weak_a and_o so_o make_v they_o doubt_v and_o when_o he_o find_v they_o doubtful_a he_o use_v their_o doubt_n to_o prove_v it_o unlawful_a because_o they_o doubt_v whereas_o if_o it_o be_v simple_o a_o sin_n of_o itself_o it_o be_v as_o well_o a_o sin_n if_o a_o man_n doubt_v not_o as_o if_o he_o doubt_v and_o the_o place_n of_o st_n paul_n rom_n 14._o by_o he_o allege_v speak_v not_o of_o sin_n but_o of_o thing_n indifferent_a as_o eat_v which_o by_o doubt_v only_o be_v make_v sin_n to_o the_o doubter_n and_o to_o nobody_o else_o now_o if_o the_o cause_n why_o man_n doubt_v whether_o all_o usury_n be_v sin_n be_v only_o for_o that_o dr._n fenton_n and_o some_o other_o teach_v so_o than_o the_o sin_n of_o those_o that_o doubt_n may_v fall_v heavy_a upon_o the_o causer_n of_o it_o and_o if_o dr._n fenton_n allow_v usury_n to_o be_v doubtful_a it_o can_v
but_o argue_v rashness_n peremptory_o to_o determine_v there_o be_v no_o doubt_n of_o it_o thereby_o to_o ensnare_v the_o conscience_n of_o the_o simple_a beside_o the_o doubt_v speak_v of_o by_o the_o apostle_n though_o it_o be_v of_o thing_n indifferent_a yet_o former_o before_o the_o come_n of_o christ_n they_o be_v thing_n necessary_o prescribe_v by_o the_o law_n but_o after_o take_v away_o by_o the_o gospel_n so_o that_o to_o doubt_n of_o they_o be_v consequent_o to_o condemn_v the_o gospel_n and_o deny_v the_o faith_n in_o christ_n but_o the_o doubt_n of_o usury_n be_v no_o establishng_v of_o the_o ceremonial_a law_n or_o overthrow_v of_o our_o belief_n and_o faith_n in_o the_o gospel_n neither_o be_v all_o doubtâ—ing_v mean_v but_o such_o only_a as_o overcome_v faith_n for_o there_o be_v no_o faith_n but_o it_o be_v mingle_v with_o some_o doubt_v last_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o faith_n shall_v be_v always_o ground_v upon_o the_o word_n of_o god_n for_o if_o a_o man_n be_v persuade_v of_o any_o thing_n by_o the_o light_n of_o reason_n or_o by_o sense_n he_o be_v just_o say_v to_o believe_v it_o to_o the_o confirmation_n of_o this_o doctrine_n i_o must_v produce_v some_o place_n of_o judicious_a hooker_n the_o will_n of_o god_n say_v he_o by_o which_o we_o be_v to_o judge_v our_o action_n no_o sound_n divine_a in_o the_o world_n ever_o deny_v to_o be_v in_o part_n make_v manifest_a even_o by_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n and_o not_o by_o scripture_n alone_o pag_n â—7_n and_o he_o add_v in_o another_o place_n that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o certain_a belief_n ground_v upon_o other_o assurance_n than_o scripture_n we_o be_v say_v to_o believe_v whatsoever_o we_o be_v certain_o persuade_v of_o whether_o it_o be_v by_o reason_n or_o sense_n pag_n 60._o and_o in_o a_o three_o he_o give_v this_o reason_n it_o â—s_n not_o require_v nor_o can_v be_v exact_v at_o our_o hand_n that_o we_o shall_v yield_v unto_o any_o thing_n other_o assent_n than_o such_o as_o do_v answer_v the_o evidence_n which_o be_v to_o be_v have_v of_o that_o we_o assent_n unto_o for_o which_o cause_n even_o in_o matter_n divine_a concerning_o some_o thing_n we_o may_v lawful_o doubt_v of_o some_o thing_n we_o may_v very_o well_o retain_v aâ—_z opinion_n that_o they_o be_v probable_a and_o not_o unlikely_a to_o be_v true_a then_o be_v our_o conscience_n best_o resolve_v and_o in_o most_o agreeable_a sort_n unto_o god_n and_o nature_n settle_v when_o they_o be_v so_o far_o persuade_v as_o those_o ground_n of_o persuasion_n which_o be_v to_o be_v have_v will_v bear_v which_o thing_n i_o so_o much_o the_o rather_o set_v down_o for_o that_o i_o see_v how_o a_o number_n of_o soul_n be_v for_o want_v of_o right_a information_n in_o this_o point_n oftentimes_o grievous_o vex_v when_o bare_a and_o unbridlâ—d_a conclusion_n be_v put_v into_o their_o mind_n they_o find_v not_o themselves_o to_o have_v thereof_o any_o great_a certainty_n imagine_v this_o proceed_v only_o from_o lack_n of_o faith_n and_o that_o the_o spirit_n of_o god_n do_v not_o work_v in_o they_o as_o it_o do_v in_o true_a believer_n by_o this_o mean_n their_o heart_n be_v much_o trouble_v they_o fall_v into_o anguish_n and_o perplexity_n whereas_o the_o truth_n be_v that_o how_o bold_a and_o confident_a soever_o we_o may_v be_v in_o word_n when_o it_o come_v to_o the_o point_n of_o trial_n such_o as_o the_o evidence_n be_v which_o the_o truth_n have_v either_o in_o itself_o or_o through_o proof_n such_o be_v the_o heart_n assent_v thereto_o neither_o can_v it_o be_v strong_a be_v ground_v as_o it_o shall_v be_v pag._n 73_o 74._o thus_o far_o mr._n hooker_n therefore_o it_o be_v no_o argument_n to_o conclude_v that_o because_o the_o scripture_n do_v not_o allow_v usury_n therefore_o it_o may_v not_o be_v use_v for_o if_o the_o scripture_n do_v not_o absolute_o condemn_v it_o it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o reason_n or_o sense_n do_v guide_v our_o belief_n for_o the_o practice_n of_o it_o i_o leave_v those_o that_o doubt_v to_o consider_v what_o dr._n fenton_n himself_o say_v within_o a_o few_o line_n in_o the_o same_o page_n pag_n 75._o this_o usury_n which_o we_o have_v in_o hand_n be_v no_o principle_n of_o faith_n no_o mystery_n of_o salvation_n to_o be_v apprehend_v in_o the_o simplicity_n of_o belief_n but_o a_o point_n of_o morality_n belong_v to_o the_o second_o table_n and_o so_o determinable_a by_o the_o rule_n of_o equity_n and_o charity_n it_o be_v object_v pag._n 77_o that_o it_o be_v scandalous_a and_o therefore_o unlawful_a aâ—s_fw-la if_o scandal_n be_v take_v and_o not_o give_v it_o be_v not_o in_o itself_o unlawful_a still_o he_o fly_v from_o the_o question_n of_o the_o unnaturalness_n of_o usury_n a_o four_o reason_n of_o dr._n fenton_n be_v p._n 91._o that_o the_o increase_n of_o money_n be_v unnatural_a therefore_o unlawful_a ans._n this_o be_v no_o argument_n of_o divinity_n from_o scripture_n but_o of_o philosophy_n from_o aristotle_n second_o if_o it_o be_v of_o force_n it_o serve_v only_o against_o usury_n of_o money_n but_o not_o of_o all_o other_o thing_n three_o it_o be_v confess_v that_o money_n consider_v as_o it_o be_v a_o metal_n be_v not_o perhaps_o by_o nature_n apt_a to_o generation_n and_o increase_n and_o yet_o even_o that_o may_v be_v doubt_v of_o but_o money_n consider_v as_o it_o be_v money_n which_o be_v not_o nature_n have_v produce_v may_v be_v allow_v a_o artificial_a increase_n or_o gain_v as_o well_o as_o house_n ship_n and_o many_o other_o thing_n not_o natural_a policy_n have_v ordain_v the_o value_n of_o metal_n to_o be_v the_o common_a rule_n and_o measure_n for_o the_o worth_n of_o all_o thing_n vendible_a and_o by_o common_a estimation_n it_o be_v account_v in_o the_o place_n and_o stead_n of_o such_o thing_n so_o that_o in_o opinion_n and_o use_n money_n be_v both_o land_n house_n horse_n corn_n or_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v value_v by_o it_o even_o man_n himself_o who_o in_o worth_n exceed_v all_o other_o creature_n be_v by_o god_n own_o valuation_n prize_v at_o a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n and_o fifty_o shekel_n of_o silver_n be_v accept_v by_o god_n in_o the_o place_n and_o stead_n of_o a_o man_n who_o by_o vow_n belong_v unto_o he_o leviticus_n 27.3_o it_o be_v then_o so_o apparent_a that_o money_n be_v by_o art_n take_v and_o use_v for_o all_o thing_n valuable_a both_o by_o man_n and_o god_n himself_o who_o have_v his_o peculiar_a coin_n the_o shekel_n of_o the_o sanctuary_n for_o all_o sacred_a use_n exodus_fw-la 30.13_o it_o follow_v in_o all_o reason_n that_o since_o the_o nature_n of_o most_o thing_n that_o be_v value_v and_o sell_v be_v to_o bring_v forth_o a_o increase_n that_o money_n itself_o also_o which_o be_v esteem_v for_o they_o shall_v do_v the_o like_a or_o else_o art_n be_v frustrate_v of_o her_o intention_n who_o find_v out_o the_o use_n of_o money_n only_o for_o the_o ease_n and_o benefit_n of_o trade_n which_o prove_v to_o be_v a_o discommodity_n if_o the_o benefit_n of_o increase_n be_v lose_v by_o the_o conversion_n into_o money_n it_o be_v further_a object_v by_o dr._n fenton_n that_o money_n may_v not_o be_v let_v for_o hire_n as_o a_o horse_n a_o hâ—use_n or_o 〈◊〉_d because_o these_o thing_n be_v the_o wâ—rse_n for_o let_v â—nsw_o what_o think_v hâ—_z may_v aâ—_n man_n take_v hire_v for_o a_o house_n when_o he_o bind_v the_o lessee_n to_o leave_v it_o in_o as_o good_a repair_n as_o he_o find_v it_o many_o time_n a_o horse_n by_o a_o moderate_a journey_n after_o long_a rest_n be_v the_o better_a whether_o may_v the_o letter_n take_v money_n for_o his_o hire_n if_o this_o argument_n be_v sound_a that_o no_o hire_n ought_v to_o be_v take_v but_o where_o the_o thing_n be_v the_o worse_a for_o use_v than_o i_o believe_v all_o the_o rent_n that_o have_v be_v pay_v for_o land_n since_o nâ—â—hâ—_n flood_n have_v be_v unjust_o take_v for_o it_o will_v hardly_o appear_v that_o any_o acre_n of_o land_n be_v worse_a now_o than_o in_o his_o day_n since_o many_o acre_n be_v better_v by_o tillage_n and_o manure_v which_o by_o lie_v waste_n be_v hurt_v and_o house_n also_o decay_v most_o for_o want_n of_o inhabit_v the_o true_a rule_n of_o let_v be_v not_o only_o the_o lender_n loss_n in_o the_o impair_n of_o the_o thing_n lend_v but_o the_o borrower_n gain_v by_o the_o use_n of_o it_o and_o we_o must_v consider_v as_o well_o what_o the_o owner_n be_v the_o worse_o by_o the_o want_n of_o that_o use_n as_o what_o the_o thing_n lend_v be_v impair_v if_o another_o use_v my_o land_n though_o it_o be_v not_o the_o worse_o yet_o he_o be_v the_o better_a by_o have_v the_o crop_n of_o it_o and_o i_o be_o the_o worse_a by_o want_v that_o benefit_n
of_o it_o which_o he_o make_v therefore_o i_o just_o challenge_v rend_v for_o it_o the_o like_a case_n be_v for_o money_n the_o borrower_n have_v the_o use_n of_o it_o and_o though_o the_o money_n be_v not_o the_o worse_o for_o use_v yet_o the_o lender_n be_v the_o worse_o by_o miss_v the_o commodity_n which_o the_o other_o make_v of_o it_o and_o the_o borrower_n be_v better_v by_o the_o employment_n of_o it_o also_o it_o be_v object_v pag._n 148._o that_o money_n be_v void_a of_o all_o immediate_a use_n in_o itself_o to_o the_o possessor_n while_o he_o do_v enjoy_v it_o ans._n so_o it_o be_v with_o land_n which_o immediate_o neither_o clothes_n nor_o feed_v any_o man_n but_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o tillage_n and_o pasturage_n both_o be_v effect_v and_o though_o no_o man_n immediate_o eat_v or_o wear_v money_n yet_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o it_o food_n and_o raiment_n be_v procure_v another_o objection_n be_v that_o money_n the_o more_o it_o do_v increase_v the_o more_o it_o may_v which_o be_v unnatural_a and_o contrary_a to_o other_o increase_n answ._n it_o be_v so_o in_o other_o sort_n of_o increase_n for_o one_o sheep_n bring_v forth_o a_o lamb_n and_o that_o sheep_n and_o lamb_n in_o time_n bring_v forth_o a_o double_a increase_n which_o multiply_v to_o a_o three_o and_o so_o forward_o so_o one_o hundred_o pound_n bring_v forth_o ten_o pound_n and_o both_o together_o in_o time_n increase_v to_o produce_v eleven_o pound_n the_o only_a difference_n be_v that_o money_n be_v more_o durable_a than_o other_o fruitful_a thing_n which_o by_o course_n of_o nature_n be_v more_o perishable_a of_o the_o ungodliness_n of_o usury_n it_o be_v ungodly_a and_o impious_a against_o the_o first_o table_n because_o it_o depend_v not_o upon_o god_n providence_n but_o be_v assure_v by_o â—onds_n against_o the_o act_n of_o god_n ans._n 1._o dr._n fenton_n forget_v that_o he_o say_v usury_n belong_v to_o the_o second_o table_n why_o be_v it_o here_o make_v a_o breach_n of_o the_o first_o second_o the_o usurer_n security_n be_v to_o arm_v himself_o against_o the_o â—â—dinary_a fraud_n negligency_n or_o other_o folly_n of_o the_o borrower_n if_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o god_n a_o extraordinary_a loss_n do_v happen_v by_o the_o like_a mean_n also_o a_o extraordinary_a gain_n may_v be_v raise_v sometime_o both_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o borrower_n except_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o lender_n to_o who_o he_o be_v to_o trust_v relieve_v he_o and_o sure_o the_o usurer_n have_v great_a cause_n and_o seem_v also_o to_o trust_v god_n more_o than_o any_o other_o man_n and_o be_v least_o arm_a against_o he_o he_o have_v need_n pray_v against_o foul-weather_n tempest_n wind_n and_o wrack_n for_o although_o he_o be_v no_o husbandman_n merchant_n tradesman_n nor_o labourer_n yet_o by_o the_o thrive_n of_o all_o these_o he_o must_v live_v if_o all_o or_o any_o of_o these_o miscarry_v it_o be_v not_o his_o bond_n many_o time_n which_o help_v he_o neither_o against_o the_o hand_n of_o god_n only_o be_v he_o unarm_v but_o against_o the_o fraud_n of_o man_n many_o time_n his_o security_n can_v defend_v he_o how_o many_o have_v be_v defraud_v of_o their_o principal_a debt_n by_o fraudulent_a deed_n of_o gift_n by_o conceal_v of_o good_n and_o divers_a other_o way_n it_o be_v true_a some_o few_o in_o a_o city_n may_v sometime_o attain_v to_o a_o note_a wealth_n by_o usury_n but_o these_o be_v but_o as_o cypher_n in_o comparison_n of_o hundred_o who_o live_v by_o the_o like_a employment_n of_o money_n do_v scarce_o attain_v to_o a_o moderate_a gain_n whereby_o to_o maintain_v themselves_o in_o their_o first_o condition_n and_o many_o timâ—s_v as_o skilful_a usurer_n as_o the_o best_a what_o by_o the_o loss_n sometime_o of_o interest_n sometime_o of_o principal_a and_o other_o while_n of_o both_o and_o many_o time_n by_o the_o lie_v still_o of_o their_o money_n for_o want_n of_o reasonable_a security_n have_v prove_v in_o the_o end_n perfect_a beggar_n by_o this_o trade_n and_o what_o great_a argument_n can_v there_o be_v of_o the_o hazard_n and_o danger_n of_o money_n that_o be_v lend_v than_o the_o common_a opinion_n of_o the_o world_n which_o esteem_v a_o small_a revenue_n in_o land_n of_o fee_n simple_a more_o safe_a and_o certain_a than_o almost_o a_o double_a increase_n in_o money_n with_o perpetual_a hazard_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n land_n be_v dear_a than_o money_n as_o for_o take_v of_o bond_n for_o payment_n it_o be_v no_o more_o injurious_a to_o the_o providence_n of_o god_n than_o to_o have_v a_o bond_n or_o covenant_n of_o a_o tenant_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o his_o rent_n for_o although_o some_o year_n by_o the_o unseasonablness_n of_o the_o year_n or_o by_o some_o other_o act_n of_o god_n the_o land_n yield_v not_o the_o rent_n contract_v for_o yet_o the_o tenant_n be_v absolute_o bind_v to_o pay_v it_o without_o any_o condition_n of_o gain_v so_o much_o by_o the_o land_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v ground_v upon_o great_a equity_n and_o be_v all_o one_o both_o for_o contract_n of_o land_n and_o money_n to_o be_v absâ—lute_a neither_o god_n nâ—r_n nature_n have_v proportion_v the_o valuation_n of_o land_n commodity_n or_o money_n no_o text_n can_v be_v bring_v to_o prove_v a_o acre_n must_v be_v sell_v at_o such_o a_o price_n or_o a_o commodity_n at_o such_o a_o rate_n the_o worth_n of_o thing_n in_o proportion_n one_o to_o another_o be_v a_o human_a arbitrary_a custom_n ground_v upon_o the_o several_a necessity_n or_o opinion_n of_o each_o particular_a nation_n thus_o the_o common_a estimation_n do_v allow_v land_n good_n and_o money_n take_v with_o all_o casualty_n hazard_n and_o charge_n to_o be_v worth_a one_o year_n with_o another_o about_o a_o certain_a value_n and_o it_o be_v reasonable_a that_o such_o a_o certain_a value_n shall_v be_v contract_v for_o so_o that_o as_o the_o seller_n or_o letter_n be_v not_o to_o participate_v of_o the_o extraordinary_a gain_n that_o may_v be_v raise_v so_o he_o be_v not_o to_o sustain_v the_o loss_n if_o any_o do_v happen_v of_o the_o injustice_n of_o usury_n it_o be_v further_a urge_v pag._n 98._o that_o it_o be_v unjust_a because_o it_o take_v hire_n for_o loan_n and_o sell_v charity_n which_o shall_v be_v free_a so_o that_o thing_n be_v not_o lend_v but_o let_v if_o they_o go_v for_o hire_v ans._n 1._o dr._n fenton_n can_v show_v no_o reason_n why_o money_n may_v not_o be_v let_v as_o well_o as_o lenâ—_n as_o well_o as_o a_o house_n or_o a_o horse_n which_o may_v be_v both_o i_o ought_v in_o great_a necessity_n to_o lend_v free_o to_o the_o poor_a yet_o this_o work_n of_o charity_n do_v not_o hinder_v i_o from_o let_v the_o same_o thing_n where_o there_o be_v not_o the_o like_a necessity_n if_o the_o use_n of_o money_n for_o a_o time_n be_v worth_a money_n in_o buy_v and_o sell_v as_o dr._n â—_z confess_v pag._n 99_o the_o rule_n may_v better_o hold_v in_o let_v which_o be_v no_o work_n of_o charity_n though_o both_o in_o let_v and_o sell_v charity_n be_v to_o guide_v we_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o because_o i_o must_v lend_v a_o shilling_n for_o a_o day_n therefore_o i_o may_v not_o lend_v a_o pound_n for_o a_o year_n beside_o even_o in_o let_v for_o hire_n there_o be_v often_o both_o charity_n and_o friendship_n show_v as_o if_o i_o let_v a_o thing_n for_o half_a the_o value_n the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v worth_a to_o one_o who_o other_o dare_v not_o trust_v with_o their_o good_n if_o some_o thing_n which_o be_v spend_v in_o the_o first_o use_n may_v be_v sell_v for_o increase_v why_o may_v not_o other_o thing_n that_o be_v use_v be_v let_v in_o the_o same_o sort_n since_o let_v be_v but_o a_o temporary_a kind_n of_o sell_v and_o sell_v in_o effect_n a_o perpetual_a kind_n of_o let_v if_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v buy_v this_o day_n for_o ten_o pound_n may_v be_v sell_v to_o morrow_n for_o eleven_o pound_n may_v not_o the_o same_o ten_o pound_n which_o by_o buy_v and_o sell_v may_v increase_v in_o one_o day_n to_o thus_o eleven_o pound_n may_v it_o not_o by_o let_v increase_n in_o a_o whole_a year_n to_o as_o much_o nor_o can_v there_o be_v any_o reason_n show_v since_o money_n have_v a_o gainful_a use_n in_o itself_o and_o as_o solomon_n say_v answer_v all_o thing_n why_o i_o may_v not_o as_o well_o let_v a_o hundred_o pound_n in_o money_n as_o a_o hundred-pound_n worth_a of_o cattle_n house_n or_o land_n which_o i_o buy_v with_o my_o money_n and_o because_o they_o often_o tell_v we_o that_o he_o that_o bear_v the_o hazard_n must_v have_v the_o gain_n i_o must_v ask_v what_o they_o will_v say_v to_o a_o lease_n for_o life_n wherein_o both_o party_n hazard_v yet_o but_o one_o gain_n dr._n andrews_n