so_o trade_v for_o on_o borrow_a money_n be_v but_o the_o ouâ—â—ballance_n of_o our_o exportation_n to_o our_o importation_n the_o kingdom_n get_v by_o this_o borrow_v so_o much_o as_o whatsoever_o the_o merchant_n gain_n be_v above_o his_o use._n but_o if_o we_o borrow_v only_o for_o our_o own_o expense_n we_o grow_v double_o poor_a by_o pay_v money_n for_o the_o commodity_n we_o consume_v and_o use_v for_o that_o money_n though_o the_o merchant_n get_v all_o this_o while_n by_o make_v return_v great_a than_o his_o use._n and_o therefore_o borrow_v of_o foreigner_n in_o itself_o make_v not_o the_o kingdom_n rich_a or_o poor_a for_o it_o may_v do_v either_o but_o spend_v more_o than_o our_o fruit_n or_o manufacture_n will_v pay_v for_o bring_v in_o poverty_n and_o poverty_n borrow_v for_o money_n as_o necessary_a to_o trade_n may_v be_v double_o consider_v first_o as_o in_o his_o hand_n that_o pay_v the_o labourer_n and_o land-holder_n for_o here_o its_o motion_n terminate_v and_o through_o who_o hand_n soever_o it_o pass_v between_o these_o he_o be_v but_o a_o broker_n and_o if_o this_o man_n want_v money_n as_o for_o example_n the_o clothier_n the_o manufacture_n be_v not_o make_v and_o so_o the_o trade_n stop_v and_o be_v lose_v or_o second_o money_n may_v be_v consider_v as_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o consumer_n under_o which_o name_n i_o here_o reckon_v the_o merchant_n who_o buy_v the_o commodity_n when_o make_v to_o export_v and_o if_o he_o want_v money_n the_o value_n of_o the_o commodity_n when_o make_v be_v lessen_v and_o so_o the_o kingdom_n lose_v in_o the_o price_n if_o therefore_o use_v he_o lessenedâ—_n and_o you_o can_v tie_v foreigner_n to_o your_o term_n than_o the_o ill_a effect_n fall_v only_o upon_o your_o own_o landholders_n and_o artisan_n if_o foreigner_n can_v be_v force_v by_o your_o law_n to_o lend_v you_o money_n only_o at_o your_o own_o rate_n or_o not_o lend_v at_o all_o be_v it_o not_o more_o likely_a they_o will_v rather_o take_v it_o home_o and_o think_v it_o safe_o in_o their_o own_o country_n at_o four_o per_fw-la câ—nt_fw-la than_o abroad_o nor_o can_v their_o overplus_n of_o money_n bring_v they_o to_o lend_v to_o you_o on_o your_o term_n for_o when_o your_o merchant_n want_v of_o money_n shall_v have_v sink_v the_o price_n of_o your_o market_n a_o dutchman_n will_v find_v it_o more_o gain_n to_o buy_v your_o commodity_n himself_o than_o lend_v his_o money_n at_o four_o per_fw-la cent._n to_o a_o english_a merchant_n to_o trade_n with_o nor_o will_v the_o act_n of_o navigation_n hinder_v their_o come_n by_o make_v they_o come_v empty_a since_o even_o al-already_a there_o be_v those_o who_o think_v that_o many_o who_o go_v for_o english_a merchant_n be_v but_o dutch_a factor_n and_o trade_n for_o other_o in_o their_o own_o name_n the_o kingdom_n therefore_o will_v lose_v by_o it_o if_o it_o make_v foreigner_n withdraw_v any_o of_o their_o money_n as_o well_o as_o if_o it_o hinder_v any_o of_o your_o 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money_n for_o gold_n grow_v not_o that_o i_o know_v in_o our_o country_n and_o silver_n so_o little_a that_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o part_n of_o the_o silver_n we_o have_v now_o in_o england_n be_v not_o draw_v out_o of_o any_o mine_n in_o this_o island_n if_o he_o mean_v that_o the_o moneyed_a man_n in_o holland_n who_o put_v out_o his_o money_n at_o interest_n here_o do_v not_o send_v it_o over_o in_o pullion_n or_o specie_fw-la hither_o that_o may_v be_v true_a or_o false_a but_o either_o way_n help_v not_o that_o author_n purpose_n for_o if_o he_o pay_v his_o money_n to_o a_o merchant_n his_o neighbour_n and_o take_v his_o pill_n for_o it_o here_o in_o england_n he_o do_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o if_o he_o have_v send_v over_o that_o money_n since_o he_o do_v but_o make_v that_o merchant_n 〈◊〉_d in_o england_n the_o money_n which_o â—e_n have_v due_a to_o he_o there_o and_o otherwise_o will_v carry_v away_o 〈◊〉_d say_v our_o author_n 〈…〉_z i_o must_v not_o be_v pay_v and_o export_v in_o ready_a money_n so_o say_v our_o law_n indeed_o but_o that_o be_v a_o law_n to_o hedge_v in_o the_o cookoe_n and_o serve_v to_o no_o purpose_n for_o if_o we_o export_v not_o good_n for_o which_o our_o merchant_n have_v money_n due_a to_o they_o in_o holland_n how_o can_v it_o be_v pay_v by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o for_o goods_n 100_o l._n worth_n of_o good_n can_v no_o where_o pay_n 200_o l._n in_o money_n this_o be_v that_o which_o i_o find_v many_o man_n deceive_v themselves_o with_o in_o trade_n it_o may_v be_v worth_a while_n to_o make_v it_o a_o little_a plain_o let_v we_o suppose_v england_n people_v as_o it_o be_v now_o and_o its_o woollen_a manufacture_n in_o the_o same_o state_n and_o perfection_n that_o it_o be_v at_o present_a and_o that_o we_o have_v no_o money_n at_o all_o trade_n with_o this_o our_o woollen_a manufacture_n for_o the_o value_n of_o 200000_o l._n yearly_a to_o spain_n where_o there_o actual_o be_v a_o million_o in_o money_n let_v we_o suppose_v that_o we_o bring_v back_o from_o spain_n yearly_a in_o oil_n wine_n and_o fruit_n to_o the_o value_n of_o 100000_o l._n and_o continue_v to_o do_v this_o ten_o year_n together_o it_o be_v plain_a we_o have_v have_v for_o our_o two_o million_o value_n in_o woollen_a manufacture_n carry_v thither_o one_o million_o return_v in_o wine_n oil_n and_o fruit_n but_o what_o be_v become_v of_o â—_o other_o million_o will_v the_o merchant_n be_v content_a to_o lose_v it_o that_o you_o may_v be_v sure_a they_o will_v not_o nor_o have_v trade_v on_o if_o they_o have_v not_o every_o year_n return_v make_v answer_v their_o exportation_n how_o then_o be_v the_o return_v make_v in_o money_n it_o be_v evident_a for_o the_o spaniard_n have_v in_o such_o a_o trade_n no_o debt_n nor_o the_o possibility_n of_o any_o debt_n in_o england_n can_v pay_v one_o farthing_n of_o that_o other_o million_o by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o have_v no_o commodity_n that_o we_o will_v take_v off_o above_o the_o value_n of_o 100000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la they_o can_v pay_v we_o in_o commodity_n from_o whence_o it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o the_o 100000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la wherein_o we_o overbalance_n they_o in_o trade_n must_v be_v pay_v we_o in_o money_n and_o so_o at_o the_o ten_o year_n end_n their_o million_o of_o money_n though_o their_o law_n make_v it_o death_n to_o export_v it_o will_v be_v all_o bring_v into_o englâ—nd_n as_o in_o truth_n by_o this_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n the_o great_a part_n of_o our_o money_n have_v be_v bring_v into_o england_n out_o of_o spain_n let_v we_o suppose_v ourselves_o now_o possess_v of_o this_o million_o of_o money_n and_o export_v yearly_a out_o of_o england_n to_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o worldâ—_n consumable_a commodity_n to_o the_o value_n of_o a_o million_o but_o import_v yearly_o in_o commodity_n which_o we_o consume_v among_o we_o to_o the_o value_n of_o 1100000_o l._n if_o such_o a_o tâ—â—de_n as_o this_o be_v manage_v among_o we_o and_o continue_v ten_o yâ—â—â—s_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o our_o million_o of_o money_n will_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o ten_o year_n be_v inevitable_o all_o go_v from_o we_o to_o they_o by_o the_o same_o way_n that_o it_o come_v to_o we_o that_o be_v by_o their_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n for_o we_o import_v every_o year_n 100000_o l._n worth_n of_o commodity_n more_o than_o we_o export_v and_o there_o be_v no_o foreigner_n that_o will_v give_v we_o 100000_o l._n every_o year_n for_o nothing_o it_o be_v unavoidable_a that_o 100000_o l._n of_o our_o money_n must_v go_v out_o every_o year_n to_o pay_v for_o that_o overplus_n which_o our_o commodity_n do_v not_o pay_v for_o and_o it_o be_v ridiculous_a
to_o say_v that_o bill_n of_o exchange_n shall_v pay_v our_o debt_n abroad_o that_o can_v be_v till_o scrip_n of_o paper_n can_v be_v make_v current_n coin_n the_o english_a merchant_n who_o have_v no_o money_n owe_v he_o abroad_o can_v expect_v to_o have_v his_o bill_n pay_v there_o or_o if_o he_o have_v credit_n enough_o with_o a_o correspondent_a to_o have_v his_o bill_n answer_v this_o pay_v none_o of_o the_o debt_n of_o england_n but_o only_o change_v the_o creditor_n and_o if_o upon_o the_o general_a balance_n of_o trade_n english_a merchant_n owe_v to_o foreigner_n 100000_o l._n or_o 1000000_o if_o commodity_n do_v not_o our_o money_n must_v go_v out_o to_o pay_v or_o else_o our_o credit_n be_v lose_v and_o our_o trade_n stop_v and_o be_v lose_v too_o a_o kingdom_n grow_v rich_a or_o poor_a just_a as_o a_o farmer_n do_v and_o no_o otherwise_o let_v we_o suppose_v the_o whole_a isle_n of_o portland_n one_o farm_n and_o that_o the_o owner_n beside_o what_o serve_v his_o family_n carry_v to_o market_n to_o weymouth_n and_o dorchester_n etc._n etc._n cattle_n corn_n butter_n cheese_n wool_n or_o cloth_n lead_v and_o tin_n all_o commodity_n produce_v and_o wrought_v within_o his_o farm_n of_o portland_n to_o the_o value_n of_o 1000_o l._n yearly_o and_o for_o this_o bring_v home_o in_o salt_n wine_n oil_n spice_n linen_n and_o silk_n to_o the_o value_n of_o 900_o l._n and_o the_o remain_a 100_o l._n in_o money_n it_o be_v evident_a he_o grow_v every_o year_n 100_o l._n rich_a and_o so_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o ten_o year_n will_v have_v clear_o get_v 1000_o l._n if_o the_o owner_n be_v a_o better_a husband_n and_o content_v himself_o with_o his_o native_a commodity_n buy_v less_o wine_n spice_n and_o silk_n at_o market_n and_o so_o bring_v home_o 500_o l._n in_o money_n yearly_a instead_o of_o 100_o l._n at_o the_o end_n of_o ten_o year_n he_o will_v have_v 5000_o l._n by_o he_o and_o be_v so_o much_o rich_a he_o die_v and_o his_o son_n succeed_v a_o fashionable_a young_a gentleman_n that_o can_v dine_v without_o champaign_n and_o burgundy_n nor_o sleep_v but_o in_o a_o damask_n bed_n who_o wife_n must_v spread_v a_o long_a train_n of_o brocard_n and_o his_o child_n be_v always_o in_o the_o new_a french_a cut_n and_o stuff_n he_o be_v come_v to_o the_o estate_n keep_v on_o a_o very_a busy_a family_n the_o market_n be_v weekly_o frequent_v and_o the_o commodity_n of_o his_o farm_n carry_v out_o and_o sell_v as_o former_o but_o the_o return_v be_v make_v something_o different_a the_o fashionable_a way_n of_o eat_v drink_v and_o clothe_v 〈◊〉_d his_o wife_n child_n and_o family_n require_v more_o sugar_n and_o spice_n wine_n and_o fruit_n silk_n and_o ribbon_n than_o in_o his_o father_n time_n so_o that_o instead_o of_o 900_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la he_o now_o bring_v home_n of_o consumable_a commodity_n to_o the_o value_n of_o 1100_o l._n yearly_a what_o come_v of_o this_o he_o live_v in_o splendour_n it_o be_v true_a but_o this_o avoidable_a carry_v away_o the_o money_n his_o father_n get_v and_o he_o be_v every_o year_n 100_o l._n poor_a to_o his_o expense_n beyond_o his_o income_n add_v debauchery_n idleness_n and_o quarrel_n among_o his_o servant_n whereby_o his_o manufacture_n be_v disturb_v and_o his_o business_n neglect_v and_o a_o general_a disorder_n and_o confusion_n through_o his_o whole_a family_n and_o farm_n this_o will_v tumble_v he_o down_o the_o hill_n the_o fall_a and_o the_o stock_n the_o industry_n frugality_n and_o good_a order_n of_o his_o father_n have_v lay_v upâ—_n will_v be_v quick_o bring_v to_o a_o end_n and_o he_o fast_o in_o prison_n a_o farm_n and_o a_o kingdom_n in_o this_o respect_n diâ—â—er_v no_o more_o than_o as_o great_a and_o less_o we_o may_v trade_n and_o be_v busy_a and_o grow_v poor_a by_o it_o unless_o we_o regulate_v our_o expense_n if_o to_o this_o we_o be_v idle_a negligent_a dishone_a malicious_a and_o disturb_v the_o sober_a and_o industrious_a in_o their_o business_n let_v it_o be_v upon_o what_o pretence_n it_o will_v we_o shall_v ruin_n the_o fast_o so_o that_o whatever_o this_o author_n or_o any_o one_o else_o may_v say_v money_n be_v bring_v into_o england_n by_o nothing_o but_o spend_v here_o less_o of_o foreign_a commodity_n than_o what_o we_o carry_v to_o market_n can_v pay_v for_o nor_o can_v debt_n we_o owe_v to_o foreigner_n be_v pay_v by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n till_o our_o commodity_n export_v and_o sell_v beyond_o sea_n have_v produce_v money_n or_o debt_n due_a there_o to_o some_o of_o our_o merchant_n for_o nothing_o will_v pay_v debt_n but_o money_n or_o money_n worth_n which_o three_o or_o four_o line_n write_v in_o paper_n can_v be_v for_o if_o they_o have_v a_o intrinsic_a value_n and_o can_v serve_v instead_o of_o money_n why_o do_v we_o not_o send_v they_o to_o market_n instead_o of_o our_o cloth_n lead_v and_o tin_n and_o at_o a_o easy_a rate_n purchase_v the_o commodity_n we_o want_v all_o that_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n can_v do_v be_v to_o direct_v to_o who_o money_n due_a or_o take_v up_o upon_o credit_n in_o a_o foreign_a country_n shall_v be_v pay_v and_o if_o we_o trace_v it_o what_o be_v due_a already_o we_o shall_v find_v become_v so_o for_o commodity_n or_o money_n carry_v from_o hence_o and_o if_o it_o be_v take_v up_o upon_o credit_n it_o must_v â—et_v the_o debt_n be_v shift_v from_o one_o creditor_n to_o another_o as_o often_o as_o you_o will_v at_o last_o be_v pay_v by_o money_n or_o good_n carry_v from_o hence_o or_o else_o the_o merchant_n here_o must_v turn_v bankrupt_a we_o have_v see_v how_o riches_n and_o money_n be_v get_v keep_v or_o lose_v in_o any_o country_n and_o that_o be_v by_o consume_a less_o of_o foreign_a commodity_n than_o what_o by_o commodity_n or_o labour_n be_v pay_v for_o this_o be_v in_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o thing_n but_o where_o great_a army_n and_o alliance_n be_v to_o be_v maintain_v abroad_o by_o supply_n send_v out_o of_o any_o country_n there_o often_o by_o a_o short_a and_o more_o sensible_a way_n the_o treasure_n be_v diminish_v but_o this_o since_o the_o holy_a war_n or_o at_o least_o since_o the_o improvement_n of_o navigation_n and_o trade_n seldom_o happen_v to_o england_n who_o prince_n have_v find_v the_o enlarge_n their_o power_n by_o sea_n and_o the_o secure_v our_o navigation_n and_o trade_n more_o the_o interest_n of_o this_o kingdom_n than_o war_n or_o conquest_n on_o the_o continent_n expense_n in_o arm_n beyond_o sea_n have_v have_v little_a influence_n on_o our_o riches_n or_o poverty_n the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v how_o money_n be_v necessary_a to_o trade_n the_o necessity_n of_o a_o certain_a proportion_n of_o money_n to_o trade_n i_o conceive_v lie_v in_o this_o that_o money_n in_o its_o circulation_n drive_v the_o several_a wheel_n of_o trade_n whilst_o it_o keep_v in_o that_o channel_n for_o some_o of_o it_o will_v unavoidable_o be_v drein_v into_o stand_v pool_n be_v all_o share_v between_o the_o land-holder_n who_o land_n aâ—â—ords_v the_o material_n the_o labourer_n who_o work_v they_o the_o broker_n i._n e._n merchant_n and_o shop_n keeper_n who_o distribute_v they_o to_o those_o that_o want_v they_o and_o the_o consumer_n who_o spend_v they_o now_o money_n be_v necessary_a to_o all_o these_o sort_n of_o man_n as_o serve_v both_o for_o counter_n and_o for_o pledge_n and_o so_o carry_v with_o it_o even_o reckon_a and_o security_n that_o he_o that_o receive_v it_o shall_v have_v the_o same_o value_n for_o it_o again_o of_o other_o thing_n that_o he_o want_v whenever_o he_o please_v the_o one_o of_o these_o it_o do_v by_o its_o stamp_n and_o denomination_n the_o other_o by_o its_o intrinsic_a value_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o its_o durableness_n scarcity_n and_o not_o be_v apt_a to_o be_v counterfeit_v which_o intrinsic_a value_n though_o it_o be_v not_o natural_a but_o be_v only_o in_o the_o opinion_n of_o man_n consent_v to_o it_o yet_o be_v universal_a have_v general_o but_o not_o always_o for_o we_o see_v that_o in_o a_o siege_n or_o man_n of_o war_n silver_n may_v not_o be_v of_o equal_a value_n to_o gunpowder_n and_o in_o a_o famine_n gold_n not_o be_v worth_a its_o weight_n in_o bran_n the_o same_o effect_n as_o if_o it_o be_v natural_a the_o necessity_n therefore_o of_o a_o proportion_n of_o money_n to_o trade_n depend_v on_o money_n not_o as_o counter_n for_o the_o reckon_a may_v be_v keep_v or_o transfer_v by_o write_v but_o on_o money_n as_o a_o pledge_n for_o since_o the_o bill_n bond_n or_o other_o note_n of_o debt_n i_o receive_v from_o one_o man_n will_v not_o be_v accept_v as_o security_n by_o another_o he_o not_o know_v that_o the_o bill_n or_o bond_n be_v true_a or_o
dearness_n of_o food_n and_o labour_n in_o general_n in_o holland_n and_o the_o cheapness_n of_o it_o in_o england_n if_o n._n have_v 10000_o l._n in_o holland_n which_o the_o great_a advantage_n he_o can_v make_v of_o it_o in_o england_n either_o by_o use_n or_o purchase_n tempt_v he_o to_o transfer_v into_o england_n it_o be_v probable_a he_o will_v give_v as_o much_o to_o a_o merchant_n in_o holland_n to_o pay_v he_o 10000_o l._n in_o england_n as_o the_o insurance_n of_o that_o time_n between_o holland_n and_o england_n be_v worth_a which_o if_o it_o be_v in_o a_o country_n where_o the_o exportation_n of_o bullion_n be_v prohibit_v he_o must_v pay_v the_o more_o because_o his_o venture_n if_o he_o carry_v it_o in_o specie_fw-la will_v be_v great_a and_o upon_o this_o ground_n perhaps_o the_o prohibit_v the_o exportation_n of_o money_n out_o of_o england_n under_o penalty_n may_v be_v of_o some_o use_n by_o make_v the_o rate_n of_o the_o exchange_n great_a upon_o those_o country_n who_o import_n upon_o we_o more_o than_o they_o export_v in_o commodity_n and_o so_o retain_v some_o part_n of_o the_o money_n which_o their_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n will_v carry_v away_o from_o we_o though_o after_o all_o if_o we_o be_v overballanced_a in_o trade_n it_o must_v go_v but_o since_o the_o holland_n merchant_n can_v receive_v n_o his_o 10000_o l._n in_o money_n in_o holland_n and_o pay_v he_o 10000_o l._n in_o england_n unless_o his_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n make_v englishman_n indebt_v to_o he_o 10000_o l._n in_o money_n which_o he_o be_v not_o like_a to_o take_v in_o commodity_n i_o think_v the_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n be_v that_o which_o chief_o raise_v the_o exchange_n in_o any_o country_n and_o that_o plenty_n of_o money_n in_o any_o country_n do_v it_o only_o for_o so_o much_o of_o the_o money_n as_o be_v transfer_v either_o to_o be_v let_v out_o to_o use_v or_o to_o be_v spend_v there_o and_o though_o lend_v to_o foreigner_n upon_o use_n do_v not_o at_o all_o alter_v the_o balance_n of_o trade_n between_o those_o country_n yet_o it_o do_v alter_v the_o exchange_n between_o those_o country_n for_o so_o much_o as_o be_v lend_v upon_o use_n by_o not_o call_v away_o the_o money_n that_o shall_v follow_v the_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n but_o let_v it_o rest_v there_o as_o if_o it_o be_v account_v for_o all_o one_o as_o if_o the_o balance_n of_o trade_n be_v for_o so_o much_o alter_v but_o this_o be_v not_o much_o in_o comparison_n of_o the_o generâ—â—_n traffic_n between_o two_o nation_n or_o at_o leaâ—â—_n vary_v slow_a the_o merchant_n too_o regulate_v the_o exchange_n and_o not_o the_o usurer_n i_o suppose_v it_o be_v the_o present_a balance_n of_o trade_n on_o which_o the_o exchange_n immediâ—ately_o and_o chief_o depend_v unless_o some_o accident_n shall_v make_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o money_n be_v remit_v at_o the_o same_o time_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o which_o will_v for_o the_o timeraise_n the_o exchange_n all_o one_o as_o a_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n and_o indeed_o when_o examine_v be_v general_o very_o little_a different_a from_o itâ—_n to_o be_v able_a to_o estimate_v the_o par_fw-fr with_o the_o rise_n and_o fall_v of_o the_o exchange_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o know_v the_o intrinsic_a value_n iâ—_n how_o much_o silver_n be_v in_o the_o coin_n of_o thâ—_n two_o country_n by_o which_o you_o reckon_v and_o charge_v the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n sir_n if_o i_o have_v be_v lead_v a_o little_a too_o fâ—â—_n from_o one_o thing_n to_o another_o in_o the_o consideratâ—â—on_n of_o money_n i_o beg_v your_o pardon_n hâ—_n puâ—â—â—_n that_o these_o particular_n will_v afford_v some_o ligâ—â—_n to_o our_o present_a subject_n to_o return_v to_o the_o price_n of_o land_n by_o which_o have_v be_v abovesaid_a it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o year_n purchase_v of_o land_n do_v not_o increase_v with_o the_o fall_n of_o interest_n and_o the_o abate_v that_o good_a quality_n in_o money_n of_o yield_v yearly_o six_o pâ—r_n cenâ—_n to_o four_o do_v not_o present_o so_o sink_v its_o value_n in_o respect_n of_o land_n that_o 1_o â—_o part_n more_o be_v require_v in_o exchange_n that_o be_v that_o fall_v of_o interest_n from_o six_o to_o four_o will_v not_o raise_v land_n from_o twenty_o to_o thirty_o year_n purchase_n the_o raise_n and_o fall_v of_o the_o price_n of_o land_n as_o of_o other_o thing_n depend_v much_o on_o the_o quantity_n of_o land_n set_v to_o sale_n compare_v with_o the_o quantity_n of_o money_n design_v for_o that_o traffic_n or_o which_o amount_v to_o the_o same_o thing_n upon_o the_o number_n of_o buyer_n and_o seller_n for_o where_o there_o be_v many_o seller_n and_o few_o purchaser_n though_o interest_n be_v lessen_v land_n will_v be_v cheap_a as_o i_o have_v already_o show_v at_o least_o this_o be_v certain_a that_o make_v a_o law_n to_o reduce_v interest_n will_v not_o raise_v the_o price_n of_o land_n it_o will_v only_o by_o drive_v it_o more_o into_o the_o banker_n hand_n leave_v the_o country_n bare_a of_o money_n whereby_o if_o the_o price_n of_o land_n about_o london_n shall_v be_v accident_o raise_v that_o of_o remote_a country_n will_v thereby_o have_v few_o purchaser_n and_o at_o low_a rate_n this_o be_v so_o that_o the_o low_a rate_n of_o land_n depend_v much_o on_o the_o great_a number_n of_o seller_n in_o proportion_n to_o purchaser_n the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v inquire_v into_o be_v what_o make_v plenty_n of_o seller_n and_o to_o that_o the_o answer_n be_v obvious_a general_a ill_a husbandry_n and_o the_o consequence_n of_o it_o debt_n if_o a_o neglect_n of_o government_n and_o religion_n ill_a example_n and_o deprave_a education_n have_v introduce_v debauchery_n and_o art_n or_o chance_n have_v make_v it_o fashionable_a for_o man_n to_o live_v beyond_o their_o estate_n debt_n will_v increase_v and_o multiply_v and_o draw_v with_o they_o a_o necessity_n on_o man_n first_o of_o encumber_v and_o then_o sell_v their_o estate_n this_o be_v general_o the_o cause_n why_o man_n part_v with_o their_o land_n and_o i_o think_v there_o be_v scarce_o one_o of_o a_o hundred_o that_o think_v of_o sell_v his_o patrimony_n till_o mortgage_n have_v pretty_a well_o eat_v into_o the_o freehold_a and_o the_o weight_n of_o grow_a debt_n force_v a_o man_n whether_o he_o will_v or_o no_o out_o of_o his_o possession_n when_o almost_o be_v there_o ever_o a_o clear_a and_o unincumbred_a estate_n set_v to_o sale_n it_o be_v seldom_o a_o thrive_a man_n turn_v his_o land_n into_o money_n to_o make_v the_o great_a advantage_n the_o example_n of_o it_o be_v so_o rare_a that_o they_o be_v scarce_o of_o any_o consideration_n in_o the_o number_n of_o seller_n this_o i_o think_v may_v be_v the_o reason_n why_o in_o queen_n elizabeth_n day_n when_o sobriety_n frugality_n and_o industry_n bring_v in_o daiâ—y_a increase_n to_o the_o grow_a wealth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n â—and_v keep_v up_o its_o price_n and_o sell_v for_o more_o year_n purchase_v than_o correspond_v to_o the_o interest_n of_o money_n then_o busy_o imployâ—d_v in_o a_o thrive_a trade_n which_o make_v the_o natural_a interest_n much_o high_a than_o it_o be_v now_o as_o well_o as_o the_o parliament_n than_o set_v it_o high_o by_o law_n on_o the_o contrary_a side_n what_o make_v scarcity_n of_o purchaser_n 1._o the_o same_o reason_n ill_a husbandry_n when_o the_o tradesman_n live_v up_o to_o the_o height_n of_o his_o income_n and_o the_o vanity_n of_o expense_n either_o drain_v the_o merchant_n coffer_n or_o keep_v they_o from_o overflow_a he_o seldom_o think_v of_o purchase_v buy_v of_o land_n be_v the_o result_n of_o a_o full_a and_o satiate_v gain_n and_o man_n in_o trade_n seldom_o think_v of_o lay_v out_o their_o money_n upon_o land_n till_o their_o profit_n have_v bring_v they_o in_o more_o than_o their_o trade_n can_v well_o employ_v and_o their_o idle_a bag_n cumbr_v their_o count_a house_n put_v they_o upon_o empty_v they_o on_o a_o purchase_n 2._o another_o thing_n that_o make_v a_o scarcity_n of_o buyer_n of_o land_n be_v doubtful_a and_o ill_a title_n where_o these_o be_v frequent_a and_o fatal_a one_o can_v no_o more_o expect_v that_o man_n who_o have_v money_n shall_v be_v forward_o to_o purchase_v than_o ship_n rich_o lade_v to_o venture_v themselves_o among_o rock_n and_o quicksand_n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n such_o sea_n shall_v not_o be_v much_o frequent_v where_o the_o example_n and_o remain_v of_o daily_a wreck_n show_v the_o â—olly_n and_o hazard_n of_o the_o venture_n in_o the_o number_n of_o those_o who_o have_v miscarry_v 3._o a_o general_a decay_n of_o trade_n discourage_v man_n from_o purchasingâ—_n for_o this_o threaten_v a_o universal_a poverty_n which_o be_v sure_a to_o fall_v first_o and_o heavy_a upon_o land_n the_o merchant_n who_o furnish_v the_o
pass_v in_o trade_n be_v true_o one_o consist_v in_o proportion_n you_o alter_v this_o as_o you_o do_v all_o other_o proportion_n whether_o you_o increase_v one_o or_o lessen_v the_o other_o in_o all_o other_o commodity_n the_o owner_n when_o they_o design_v they_o for_o traffic_n endeavour_v as_o much_o as_o they_o can_v to_o have_v they_o vent_v and_o go_v i._n e._n remove_v out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o commerce_n and_o exchange_n by_o consumption_n exportation_n or_o lay_v up_o which_o vent_n be_v sometime_o slow_a and_o sometime_o quick_a but_o money_n never_o lie_v upon_o people_n hand_n or_o want_v vent_n for_o any_o one_o may_v part_v with_o it_o in_o exchange_n when_o he_o please_v the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o public_a and_o almost_o every_o body_n be_v to_o keep_v it_o from_o vent_v or_o consume_v i._n e._n exportation_n or_o hoard_v up_o which_o be_v its_o proper_a consumption_n the_o vent_n of_o money_n therefore_o be_v always_o sufficient_a or_o more_o than_o enough_o its_o quantity_n alone_o be_v enough_o to_o regulate_v and_o determine_v its_o value_n without_o consider_v any_o proportion_n between_o its_o quantity_n and_o vent_n as_o in_o other_o commodity_n 10._o therefore_o lessen_v of_o use_n not_o bring_v one_o penny_n of_o money_n more_o into_o the_o trade_n or_o exchange_n of_o any_o country_n but_o rather_o draw_v it_o away_o from_o trade_n and_o so_o make_v it_o less_o do_v not_o at_o all_o sink_v its_o value_n and_o make_v it_o buy_v less_o of_o any_o commodity_n but_o rather_o more_o 11._o that_o which_o raise_v the_o natural_a interest_n of_o money_n be_v the_o same_o that_o raise_v the_o rent_n of_o land_n i._n e._n its_o aptness_n to_o bring_v in_o yearly_a to_o he_o that_o manage_n it_o a_o great_a overplus_n of_o income_n above_o his_o rent_n as_o a_o reward_n to_o his_o labour_n that_o which_o cause_v this_o in_o land_n be_v the_o great_a quantity_n of_o its_o product_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o same_o vent_n of_o that_o particular_a fruit_n or_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o product_n in_o proportion_n to_o a_o great_a vent_n of_o that_o single_a commodity_n but_o that_o which_o cause_v increase_v of_o profit_n to_o the_o borrower_n of_o money_n be_v the_o less_o quantity_n of_o money_n in_o proportion_n to_o trade_n or_o to_o the_o vent_n of_o all_o commodity_n take_v together_o &_o vice_fw-la versa_fw-la 12._o the_o natural_a value_n of_o money_n as_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o yield_v such_o a_o yearly_a income_n by_o interest_n depend_v on_o the_o whole_a quantity_n of_o the_o then_o pass_v money_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o whole_a trade_n of_o the_o kingdom_n i._n e._n the_o general_a vent_n of_o all_o the_o commodity_n but_o the_o natural_a value_n of_o money_n in_o exchange_v for_o any_o one_o commodity_n be_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o trade_n money_n of_o the_o kingdom_n design_v for_o that_o commodity_n in_o proportion_n to_o that_o single_a commodity_n and_o its_o vent_n for_o though_o any_o single_a man_n necessity_n and_o want_n either_o of_o money_n or_o any_o species_n of_o commodity_n be_v know_v may_v make_v he_o pay_v dear_a for_o money_n or_o that_o commodity_n yet_o this_o be_v but_o a_o particular_a case_n that_o do_v not_o at_o the_o same_o time_n alter_v this_o constant_a and_o general_a rule_n 13._o that_o suppose_v wheat_n a_o stand_a measure_n that_o be_v that_o there_o be_v constant_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o it_o in_o proportion_n to_o its_o vent_n we_o shall_v find_v money_n to_o run_v the_o same_o variety_n of_o change_n in_o its_o value_n as_o all_o other_o commodity_n do_v now_o that_o wheat_n in_o england_n do_v come_v near_o to_o a_o stand_a measure_n be_v evident_a by_o compare_v wheat_n with_o other_o commodity_n money_n and_o the_o yearly_a income_n of_o land_n in_o hen._n 7._o time_n and_o now_o for_o suppose_v 1_o hen._n 7._o n._n let_v 100_o acre_n of_o land_n to_o a._n for_o 6_o d._n per_fw-la an._n per_fw-la acre_n rack-rentâ—_a and_o to_o b._n another_o 100_o acre_n of_o land_n oâ—_n the_o same_o soil_n and_o yearly_a worth_n with_o the_o former_a for_o a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n per_fw-la acreâ—_n rack-rent_a a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n about_o that_o time_n be_v probable_o sell_v for_o about_o 6_o d._n it_o be_v then_o a_o equal_a rent_n if_o therefore_o these_o lease_n be_v for_o year_n yet_o to_o come_v it_o be_v certain_a that_o he_o that_o pay_v 6_o d._n per_fw-la acre_n will_v pay_v now_o 50_o s._n per_fw-la an._n and_o he_o that_o pay_v a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n per_fw-la acre_n will_v pay_v about_o 25_o l._n per_fw-la an._n which_o will_v be_v neâ—r_n about_o the_o yearly_a value_n of_o the_o landâ—_n be_v it_o to_o be_v let_v now_o the_o reason_n where_o of_o be_v this_o that_o there_o be_v ten_o time_n aâ—_n much_o silver_n now_o in_o the_o world_n the_o discovery_n of_o the_o west-indies_a have_v make_v the_o plenty_n as_o there_o be_v then_o it_o be_v 9_o 1â—_n less_o worth_a now_o than_o it_o be_v at_o that_o time_n that_o be_v it_o will_v exchange_v for_o 9_o 1â—_n less_o of_o any_o commodity_n now_o which_o bear_v the_o same_o proportion_n to_o its_o vent_n as_o it_o do_v 200_o year_n since_o which_o of_o all_o other_o commoditiesâ—_n wheat_n be_v likely_a to_o do_v for_o in_o england_n and_o this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n wheat_n be_v thâ—_n constant_a and_o most_o general_a food_n not_o alter_v with_o the_o fashion_n not_o grow_v by_o chance_n but_o as_o the_o farmer_n sow_n more_o or_o less_o of_o it_o which_o they_o endeavour_v to_o proportion_n as_o near_o as_o can_v be_v guess_v to_o the_o consumption_n abstract_v the_o overplus_a of_o the_o precedent_a year_n in_o their_o provision_n for_o the_o next_o and_o vice_n versâ_fw-la it_o must_v needs_o fall_v out_o that_o it_o keep_v the_o near_a proportion_n to_o its_o consumption_n which_o be_v more_o study_v and_o design_v in_o this_o than_o other_o commodity_n of_o any_o thing_n if_o you_o take_v it_o for_o 7_o or_o 20_o year_n together_o though_o perhaps_o the_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n of_o one_o year_n cause_v by_o the_o accident_n of_o the_o season_n may_v very_o much_o vary_v it_o from_o the_o immediate_o precedent_n or_o the_o follow_v wheat_n therefore_o in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o that_o grain_n which_o be_v the_o constant_a general_a food_n of_o any_o other_o country_n be_v the_o fit_a measure_n to_o judge_v of_o the_o alter_a value_n of_o thing_n in_o any_o long_a tract_n of_o time_n and_o therefore_o wheat_n here_o rice_n in_o turkey_n etc._n etc._n be_v the_o fit_a thing_n to_o reserve_v a_o rent_n in_o which_o be_v design_v to_o be_v constant_o the_o same_o for_o all_o future_a age_n but_o money_n be_v the_o best_a measure_n of_o the_o alter_a value_n of_o thing_n in_o a_o few_o year_n because_o its_o vent_n be_v the_o same_o and_o its_o quantity_n alter_v slow_o but_o wheat_n or_o any_o other_o grain_n can_v serve_v instead_o of_o mony_n because_o of_o its_o bulkiness_n and_o too_o quick_a change_n of_o its_o quantity_n for_o have_v i_o a_o bond_n to_o pay_v i_o 100_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n next_o year_n it_o may_v be_v ¾_n loss_n or_o gain_n to_o i_o too_o great_a a_o inequality_n and_o uncertainty_n to_o be_v venture_v in_o trade_n beside_o the_o different_a goodness_n of_o several_a parcel_n of_o wheat_n in_o the_o same_o year_n 14._o that_o suppose_v any_o island_n separate_v from_o the_o commerce_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n if_o gold_n and_o silver_n or_o whatever_o else_o so_o it_o be_v last_v be_v their_o money_n if_o they_o have_v but_o a_o certain_a quantity_n of_o it_o and_o can_v get_v no_o more_o that_o will_v be_v a_o steady_a stand_a measure_n of_o the_o value_n of_o all_o other_o thing_n 15._o that_o if_o in_o any_o country_n they_o use_v for_o money_n any_o last_a material_a whereof_o there_o be_v not_o any_o more_o to_o be_v get_v and_o so_o can_v be_v increase_v or_o be_v of_o no_o other_o use_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n do_v not_o value_v it_o and_o so_o it_o be_v not_o like_a to_o be_v diminish_v this_o also_o will_v be_v a_o steady_a stand_a measure_n of_o the_o value_n of_o other_o commodity_n 16._o that_o in_o a_o country_n where_o they_o have_v such_o a_o stand_a measure_n any_o quantity_n of_o that_o money_n if_o it_o be_v but_o so_o much_o that_o every_o body_n may_v have_v some_o will_v serve_v to_o drive_v any_o proportion_n of_o trade_n whether_o more_a or_o less_o there_o be_v counter_n enough_o to_o reckon_v by_o and_o the_o value_n of_o the_o pledge_n be_v still_o sufficient_a as_o constant_o increase_n with_o the_o plenty_n of_o the_o commodity_n but_o these_o three_o last_o be_v build_v on_o supposition_n that_o be_v
not_o like_a to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o practice_n of_o mankind_n since_o navigation_n and_o commerce_n have_v bring_v all_o part_n acquaint_v with_o one_o another_o and_o introduce_v the_o use_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n money_n into_o all_o trade_n part_n of_o the_o world_n they_o serve_v rather_o to_o give_v we_o some_o light_n into_o the_o nature_n of_o money_n than_o to_o teach_v here_o a_o new_a measure_n of_o traffic_n though_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o that_o part_n of_o the_o world_n which_o breed_v most_o of_o our_o gold_n and_o silver_n use_v least_o of_o it_o in_o exchange_n and_o use_v it_o not_o for_o money_n 17._o that_o therefore_o in_o any_o country_n that_o have_v commerce_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a now_o to_o be_v without_o the_o use_n of_o silver_n coin_n and_o have_v money_n of_o that_o and_o account_n keep_v in_o such_o money_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o have_v any_o stand_n unalterable_a measure_n of_o the_o value_n of_o thing_n for_o while_o the_o mine_n supply_v to_o mankind_n more_o than_o waste_v and_o consume_v in_o its_o use_n the_o quantity_n of_o it_o will_v daily_o grow_v great_a in_o respect_n of_o other_o commodity_n and_o its_o value_n less_o 18._o that_o in_o a_o country_n that_o have_v open_a commerce_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n and_o use_v money_n make_v of_o the_o same_o material_n with_o their_o neighbour_n any_o quantity_n of_o that_o money_n will_v not_o serve_v to_o drive_v any_o quantity_n of_o trade_n but_o that_o there_o must_v be_v a_o certain_a proportion_n between_o money_n and_o trade_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v this_o because_o to_o keep_v your_o trade_n go_v without_o loss_n your_o comodities_n among_o you_o must_v keep_v a_o equal_a or_o at_o least_o near_o the_o price_n of_o the_o same_o species_n of_o commodity_n in_o the_o neighbour_n country_n which_o they_o can_v do_v if_o your_o money_n be_v far_o less_o than_o in_o other_o country_n for_o then_o either_o your_o commodity_n must_v be_v sell_v very_o cheap_a or_o a_o great_a part_n of_o your_o trade_n must_v stand_v still_o there_o not_o be_v money_n enough_o in_o the_o country_n to_o pay_v for_o they_o in_o their_o shift_n of_o hand_n at_o that_o high_a price_n which_o the_o plenty_n and_o consequent_o low_a value_n of_o money_n make_v they_o at_o in_o another_o country_n for_o the_o value_n of_o money_n in_o general_n be_v the_o quantity_n of_o all_o the_o money_n in_o the_o world_n in_o proportion_n to_o all_o the_o trade_n but_o the_o value_n of_o money_n in_o any_o one_o country_n be_v the_o present_a quantity_n of_o the_o current_a money_n in_o that_o country_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o present_a trade_n suppose_v then_o that_o we_o have_v now_o in_o england_n but_o half_a as_o much_o money_n as_o we_o have_v seven_o year_n ago_o and_o yet_o have_v still_o as_o much_o yearly_a product_n of_o commodity_n as_o many_o hand_n to_o work_v they_o and_o as_o many_o broker_n to_o disperse_v thâ—m_n as_o before_o and_o that_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n we_o trade_n with_o have_v as_o much_o money_n as_o they_o have_v before_o for_o it_o be_v likely_a they_o shall_v have_v more_o by_o our_o moiety_n share_v among_o they_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o either_o half_a our_o rent_n shall_v not_o be_v pay_v half_a our_o commodity_n not_o vent_v and_o half_a our_o labourer_n not_o employ_v and_o so_o half_a the_o trade_n be_v clear_o lose_v or_o else_o that_o every_o one_o of_o these_o must_v receive_v but_o half_a the_o money_n for_o their_o commodity_n and_o labour_n they_o do_v before_o and_o but_o half_a so_o much_o as_o our_o neighbour_n do_v receive_v for_o the_o same_o labour_n and_o same_o natural_a product_n at_o the_o same_o time_n which_o though_o it_o will_v make_v no_o scarcity_n of_o our_o native_a commodity_n among_o we_o yet_o it_o will_v have_v these_o ill_a consequence_n 1._o it_o will_v make_v our_o native_a commodity_n vent_v very_o cheap_a 2._o it_o will_v make_v all_o foreign_a commodity_n very_o dear_a both_o which_o will_v keep_v we_o poor_a for_o the_o merchant_n make_v silver_n and_o gold_n his_o measure_n and_o consider_v what_o the_o foreign_a commodity_n cost_v he_o i._n e._n how_o many_o ounce_n of_o silver_n in_o the_o country_n where_o money_n be_v more_o plenty_n i._n e._n cheaper_o and_o consider_v too_o how_o many_o ounce_n of_o silver_n it_o will_v yield_v he_o in_o another_o country_n will_v not_o part_v with_o it_o here_o but_o for_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o silver_n or_o as_o much_o as_o that_o silver_n will_v buy_v here_o of_o our_o commodity_n which_o will_v be_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o than_o in_o another_o place_n so_o that_o in_o all_o our_o exchange_n of_o native_a for_o foreign_a commodity_n we_o pay_v double_v the_o value_n that_o any_o other_o country_n do_v where_o money_n be_v in_o great_a plenty_n this_o indeed_o will_v make_v a_o dearness_n and_o in_o time_n a_o scarcity_n of_o foreign_a commodity_n which_o be_v not_o the_o worst_a inconveniency_n that_o it_o bring_v upon_o we_o suppose_v they_o not_o absolute_o necessary_a but_o 3._o it_o endanger_v the_o draw_v away_o our_o people_n both_o handicraft_n mariner_n and_o soldiers_z who_o be_v apt_a to_o go_v where_o their_o pay_n be_v best_a which_o will_v always_o be_v where_o there_o be_v great_a plenty_n of_o money_n and_o in_o time_n of_o war_n must_v needs_o bring_v great_a distress_n 19_o upon_o this_o measure_n too_o it_o be_v that_o the_o variation_n of_o exchange_n of_o money_n between_o several_a country_n do_v somewhat_o depend_v for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o one_o ounce_n of_o silver_n be_v always_o of_o equal_a value_n to_o another_o ounce_n of_o silver_n consider_v in_o its_o intrinsic_a worth_n or_o in_o reference_n to_o the_o universal_a trade_n of_o the_o world_n but_o it_o be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o value_n at_o the_o same_o time_n in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o world_n but_o be_v of_o most_o worth_a in_o that_o country_n where_o there_o be_v the_o least_o money_n in_o proportion_n to_o its_o trade_n and_o therefore_o man_n may_v afford_v to_o give_v 20_o ounce_n of_o silver_n in_o one_o place_n to_o receive_v 18_o or_o 19_o ounce_n of_o silver_n in_o another_o but_o this_o be_v not_o all_o to_o this_o then_o to_o find_v out_o the_o alteration_n of_o the_o exchange_n the_o overbalance_n of_o the_o trade_n must_v be_v take_v into_o consideration_n and_o these_o two_o together_o regulate_v the_o exchange_n in_o all_o the_o commerce_n of_o the_o world_n and_o in_o both_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o exchange_n i._n e._n receive_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o silver_n for_o that_o be_v the_o measure_n let_v the_o coin_n or_o the_o denomination_n be_v what_o it_o will_v in_o one_o country_n for_o a_o less_o quantity_n of_o silver_n pay_v in_o another_o country_n depend_v upon_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n viz._n the_o great_a plenty_n of_o money_n in_o one_o country_n than_o in_o the_o other_o only_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o where_o the_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n raise_v the_o exchange_n above_o the_o par_fw-fr there_o it_o be_v the_o plenty_n of_o money_n which_o private_a merchant_n have_v in_o one_o country_n which_o they_o desire_v to_o remove_v into_o another_o but_o where_o the_o riches_n of_o the_o country_n raise_v the_o exchange_n above_o the_o par_fw-fr there_o it_o be_v the_o plenty_n of_o the_o money_n in_o the_o whole_a country_n in_o one_o the_o merchant_n have_v more_o money_n or_o debt_n which_o be_v all_o one_o in_o a_o foreign_a country_n than_o his_o trade_n there_o will_v employ_v and_o so_o be_v willing_a to_o allow_v upon_o exchange_n to_o he_o abroad_o that_o shall_v pay_v he_o ready_a money_n at_o home_n 1_o 2_o 3_o etc._n etc._n per_fw-la cent._n more_o or_o less_o proportionable_o as_o he_o or_o his_o countrymens_n plenty_n of_o ready_a money_n abroad_o the_o danger_n of_o leave_v it_o there_o or_o the_o difficulty_n of_o bring_v it_o home_o in_o specie_fw-la and_o his_o present_a need_n of_o money_n at_o home_n be_v great_a or_o lesi_n in_o the_o other_o the_o whole_a country_n have_v more_o money_n than_o can_v well_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o trade_n thereof_o or_o at_o least_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o money_n to_o the_o trade_n be_v great_a than_o in_o the_o neighbour_a country_n where_o the_o exchange_n be_v below_o the_o par._n for_o suppose_v the_o balance_n of_o trade_n to_o be_v equal_a between_o england_n and_o holland_n but_o that_o there_o be_v in_o holland_n a_o great_a plenty_n of_o money_n than_o in_o england_n which_o will_v appear_v by_o the_o lowness_n of_o the_o national_a use_v in_o holland_n and_o the_o height_n of_o the_o national_a use_v in_o england_n and_o also_o by_o the_o
lose_a trade_n contract_v debt_n with_o our_o neighbour_n they_o will_v put_v a_o great_a value_n on_o our_o silver_n and_o more_o money_n will_v be_v get_v by_o transport_v silver_n than_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v send_v which_o come_v about_o thus_o suppose_v that_o by_o a_o overbalance_n of_o their_o trade_n whether_o by_o a_o sale_n of_o pepper_n spice_n and_o other_o east-india_n commodity_n it_o matter_n not_o we_o have_v receive_v great_a quantity_n of_o good_n within_o these_o two_o or_o three_o month_n from_o hâ—lland_n and_o send_v but_o little_a thither_o so_o that_o the_o account_n balance_v between_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o england_n and_o the_o unite_a province_n we_o of_o england_n be_v a_o million_o in_o their_o debt_n what_o will_v follow_v from_o hence_o this_o that_o these_o dutch_a creditor_n desire_v to_o have_v what_o be_v due_a to_o they_o give_v order_n to_o their_o factor_n and_o correspondent_n here_o to_o return_v it_o they_o for_o inquire_v as_o we_o do_v what_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n we_o must_v not_o suppose_v they_o invest_v their_o debt_n in_o commodity_n and_o return_v their_o effect_n that_o way_n a_o million_o then_o be_v to_o be_v return_v from_o england_n to_o holland_n in_o money_n every_o one_o seek_v bill_n of_o exchange_n but_o englishman_n not_o have_v debt_n in_o holland_n to_o answer_v this_o million_o or_o any_o the_o least_o part_n of_o it_o bill_n be_v not_o to_o be_v get_v this_o present_o make_v the_o exchange_n very_o high_a upon_o which_o the_o banker_n etc._n etc._n who_o have_v the_o command_n of_o great_a quantity_n of_o money_n and_o bullion_n send_v that_o away_o to_o holland_n in_o specie_fw-la and_o so_o take_v money_n here_o to_o pay_v it_o again_o there_o upon_o their_o bill_n at_o such_o a_o rate_n of_o exchange_n as_o give_v they_o five_o ten_o fifteen_o etc._n etc._n per_fw-la cent._n profit_n and_o thus_o sometime_o a_o 5_o s._n piece_n of_o our_o milled_a money_n may_v true_o be_v say_v to_o be_v worth_a 5_o s._n 3_o d._n 4_o d._n 6_o d._n 9_o d._n in_o holland_n and_o if_o this_o be_v the_o great_a value_n of_o silver_n in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n i_o easy_o grant_v it_o he_o but_o this_o great_a value_n be_v to_o be_v remedy_v not_o by_o the_o alteration_n of_o our_o mint_n but_o by_o the_o regulation_n and_o balance_n of_o our_o trade_n for_o be_v your_o coin_n what_o it_o will_v our_o neighbour_n if_o they_o overbalance_n we_o in_o trade_n will_v not_o only_o have_v a_o great_a value_n for_o our_o silver_n but_o get_v it_o too_o and_o there_o will_v be_v more_o to_o be_v get_v by_o export_v silver_n to_o they_o than_o by_o any_o other_o thing_n can_v be_v send_v remark_n the_o alteration_n of_o the_o coin_n in_o spain_n and_o portugal_n be_v no_o way_n at_o all_o like_a this_o for_o there_o they_o alter_v in_o denomination_n near_o half_a to_o deceive_v those_o they_o pay_v with_o pay_v those_o to_o who_o they_o owe_v one_o ounce_n of_o silver_n but_o half_o a_o ounce_n for_o it_o but_o in_o the_o alteration_n here_o design_v to_o whoever_o a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n be_v owe_v a_o ounce_n will_v be_v pay_v in_o this_o money_n it_o be_v here_o only_o design_v that_o a_o ounce_n of_o money_n shall_v equal_v a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n in_o value_n at_o home_n as_o well_o as_o abroad_o which_o now_o it_o do_v not_o answer_n in_o this_o paragraph_n the_o author_n confess_v the_o alteration_n of_o the_o coin_n in_o spain_n and_o portugal_n be_v a_o cheat_n but_o the_o alteration_n here_o design_v he_o say_v be_v not_o but_o the_o reason_n he_o give_v for_o it_o be_v admirable_a viz._n because_o they_o there_o alter_v in_o denomination_n near_o half_a and_o here_o the_o denomination_n be_v alter_v but_o 5_o per_fw-mi cent_z for_o so_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v whatever_o be_v design_v as_o if_o 50_o per_fw-la cent_z be_v a_o cheat_n but_o 5_o per_fw-mi cent_z be_v not_o because_o perhaps_o less_o perceivable_a for_o the_o two_o thing_n that_o be_v pretend_v to_o be_v do_v here_o by_o this_o new_a coinage_n i_o fear_v will_n both_o fail_v viz._n 1._o that_o to_o who_o 〈◊〉_d a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n be_v owe_v a_o ounce_n 〈◊〉_d silver_n shall_v be_v pay_v in_o this_o money_n for_o when_o a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n be_v coin_v as_o be_v propose_v into_o 5_o s._n 5_o d._n which_o be_v to_o make_v our_o money_n 5_o per_fw-la cent._n high_o than_o it_o be_v now_o i_o that_o be_o to_o receive_v a_o 100_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la fee_fw-mi farm_n rent_n shall_v i_o in_o this_o new_a money_n receive_v 105_o l._n or_o bare_o 100_o l._n the_o first_o i_o think_v will_v not_o be_v say_v for_o if_o by_o law_n you_o have_v make_v it_o 100_o l._n it_o be_v certain_a the_o tenant_n will_v pay_v i_o no_o more_o if_o you_o do_v not_o mean_v that_o 400_o crown_n or_o 2000_o shilling_n of_o your_o new_a coin_n shall_v be_v a_o 100_o l._n but_o there_o must_v be_v 5_o per_fw-mi cent_z in_o tale_n add_v to_o every_o 100_o you_o be_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o new_a coinage_n to_o no_o other_o purpose_n but_o to_o breed_v confusion_n if_o i_o must_v receive_v 100_o l_o by_o tale_n of_o this_o new_a money_n for_o my_o fee_fw-mi farm_n rent_n it_o be_v demonstration_n that_o i_o lose_v five_o ounce_n per_fw-la cent_z of_o the_o silver_n be_v due_a to_o i_o this_o a_o little_a low_o he_o confess_v in_o these_o word_n that_o where_o a_o man_n have_v a_o rent-sec_a that_o can_v never_o be_v more_o this_o may_v somewhat_o affect_v it_o but_o so_o very_o little_a that_o it_o will_v scarce_o ever_o at_o all_o be_v perceive_v this_o very_a little_a be_v 5_o per_fw-la cent._n and_o if_o a_o man_n be_v cheat_v of_o that_o so_o he_o perceive_v it_o not_o it_o go_v for_o nothing_o but_o this_o loss_n will_v not_o affect_v only_o such_o rent_n as_o can_v never_o be_v more_o but_o all_o payment_n whatsoever_o that_o be_v contract_v for_o before_o this_o alteration_n of_o our_o money_n 2._o if_o it_o be_v true_a what_o he_o affirm_v that_o a_o ounce_n of_o money_n do_v equal_a a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n in_o value_n abroad_o but_o not_o at_o home_n then_o this_o part_n of_o the_o undertake_n will_v also_o fail_v for_o i_o deny_v that_o the_o stamp_n on_o our_o money_n do_v any_o more_o debase_v it_o here_o at_o home_n than_o abroad_o or_o make_v the_o silver_n in_o our_o money_n not_o equal_a in_o value_n to_o the_o same_o weight_n of_o silver_n every_o where_o the_o author_n will_v have_v do_v well_o to_o have_v make_v it_o out_o and_o not_o leave_v so_o great_a a_o paradox_n only_o to_o the_o credit_n of_o a_o single_a assertion_n remark_n and_o for_o what_o be_v say_v in_o this_o bill_n to_o prevent_v exportation_n relate_v only_o to_o the_o keep_n in_o our_o coin_n and_o bullion_n and_o leave_v all_o foreign_a to_o be_v export_v still_o answer_n what_o the_o author_n mean_v by_o our_o own_o and_o foreign_a bullion_n will_v need_v some_o explication_n remark_n there_o be_v now_o no_o such_o thing_n as_o payment_n make_v in_o weighty_a and_o milled_a money_n answer_n i_o believe_v there_o be_v very_o few_o in_o town_n who_o do_v not_o very_o often_o receive_v a_o milled_a crown_n for_o 5_o s._n and_o a_o mill_v half_a crown_n for_o 2_o s._n 6_o d._n but_o he_o mean_v i_o suppose_v in_o great_a and_o entire_a sum_n of_o milled_a money_n but_o i_o ask_v if_o all_o the_o clip_v money_n be_v call_v in_o whether_o then_o all_o the_o payment_n will_v not_o be_v in_o weighty_a money_n and_o that_o not_o be_v call_v in_o whether_o if_o it_o be_v light_a than_o your_o new_a milled_a money_n the_o new_a mill_v money_n will_v not_o be_v melt_v down_o as_o much_o as_o the_o old_a which_o i_o think_v the_o author_n there_o confess_v or_o else_o i_o understand_v he_o not_o remark_n nor_o will_v this_o any_o way_n interrupt_v trade_n for_o trade_n will_v find_v its_o own_o course_n the_o denomination_n of_o money_n in_o any_o country_n no_o way_n concern_v that_o answ._n the_o denomination_n to_o a_o certain_a weight_n of_o money_n in_o all_o country_n concern_v trade_n and_o the_o alteration_n of_o that_o necessary_o bring_v disturbance_n to_o it_o remark_n for_o if_o so_o be_v it_o occasion_n the_o coin_v more_o money_n answ._n he_o talk_v as_o if_o it_o will_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o coin_v more_o money_n out_o of_o what_o out_o of_o money_n already_o coin_v or_o out_o of_o bullion_n for_o i_o will_v be_v glad_a to_o know_v where_o it_o be_v remark_n it_o may_v be_v some_o gain_n to_o those_o that_o will_v venture_v to_o melt_v down_o the_o coin_n but_o very_o small_a loss_n if_o any_o to_o those_o that_o
legal_a or_o that_o the_o man_n bind_v to_o i_o be_v honest_a or_o responsible_a and_o so_o be_v not_o valuable_a enough_o to_o become_v a_o current_a pledge_n nor_o can_v by_o public_a authority_n be_v well_o make_v so_o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o assign_v of_o bill_n because_o a_o law_n can_v give_v to_o bill_n that_o intrinsic_a value_n which_o the_o universal_a consent_n of_o mankind_n have_v annex_v to_o silver_n and_o gold_n and_o hence_o foreigner_n can_v never_o be_v bring_v to_o take_v your_o bill_n or_o write_n for_o any_o part_n of_o payment_n though_o perhaps_o they_o may_v pass_v as_o valuable_a consideration_n among_o your_o own_o people_n do_v not_o this_o very_a much_o hinder_v it_o viz._n that_o they_o be_v liable_a to_o unavoidable_a doubt_n dispute_v and_o counterfeit_n and_o require_v other_o proof_n to_o assure_v we_o they_o be_v true_a and_o good_a security_n than_o our_o eye_n or_o a_o touchstone_n and_o at_o best_a this_o course_n if_o practicable_a will_v not_o hinder_v we_o from_o be_v poor_a but_o may_v be_v suspect_v to_o help_v to_o make_v we_o so_o by_o keep_v we_o from_o feel_v our_o poverty_n which_o in_o distress_n will_v be_v sure_a to_o find_v we_o with_o great_a disadvantage_n though_o it_o be_v certain_a it_o be_v better_a than_o let_v any_o part_n of_o our_o trade_n fall_v for_o want_v of_o current_a pledge_n and_o better_a too_o than_o borrow_a money_n of_o our_o neighbour_n upon_o use_n if_o this_o way_n of_o assign_v bill_n can_v be_v make_v so_o easy_a safe_a and_o universal_a at_o home_n as_o to_o hinder_v it_o to_o return_v to_o the_o business_n in_o hand_n and_o show_v the_o necessity_n of_o a_o proportion_n of_o money_n to_o trade_n every_o man_n therefore_o must_v have_v at_o least_o so_o much_o money_n or_o so_o timely_a recruit_n as_o may_v in_o hand_n or_o in_o a_o short_a distance_n of_o time_n satisfy_v the_o man_n who_o supply_v he_o with_o the_o necessary_n of_o life_n or_o of_o his_o trade_n for_o no_o body_n have_v any_o long_a these_o necessary_a supply_n than_o he_o have_v money_n or_o credit_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o assurance_n of_o money_n in_o some_o short_a time_n so_o that_o it_o be_v requisite_a to_o trade_n there_o shall_v be_v so_o much_o money_n as_o to_o keep_v up_o the_o landholders_n labourer_n and_o broker_n credit_v and_o therefore_o ready_a money_n must_v be_v constant_o exchange_v for_o ware_n and_o labour_n or_o follow_v within_o a_o short_a time_n after_o this_o show_v the_o necessity_n of_o some_o proportion_n of_o money_n to_o trade_n but_o what_o proportion_n that_o be_v be_v hard_o to_o determine_v because_o it_o depend_v not_o bare_o on_o the_o quantity_n of_o money_n but_o the_o quickness_n of_o its_o circulation_n which_o since_o it_o can_v be_v easy_o trace_v for_o the_o very_a same_o shilling_n may_v at_o one_o time_n pay_v 20_o man_n in_o 20_o day_n at_o another_o rest_n in_o the_o same_o hand_n 100_o day_n together_o to_o make_v some_o probable_a guess_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v how_o much_o money_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o suppose_v must_v rest_v constant_o in_o each_o man_n hand_n as_o requisite_a to_o the_o carry_v on_o of_o trade_n first_o therefore_o the_o labourer_n live_v general_o but_o from_o hand_n to_o mouth_n and_o indeed_o consider_v as_o labourer_n in_o order_n to_o trade_n may_v well_o enough_o carry_v on_o their_o part_n if_o they_o have_v but_o money_n enough_o to_o buy_v victual_n clothes_n and_o tool_n all_o which_o may_v very_o well_o be_v provide_v without_o any_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n lie_v still_o in_o their_o hand_n the_o labourer_n therefore_o be_v usual_o pay_v once_o a_o week_n if_o the_o time_n of_o payment_n be_v seldomer_n there_o must_v be_v more_o money_n for_o the_o carry_v on_o this_o part_n of_o trade_n we_o may_v suppose_v there_o be_v constant_o among_o they_o one_o with_o another_o or_o those_o who_o be_v to_o pay_v they_o always_o one_o week_n wage_n in_o ready_a money_n for_o it_o can_v be_v think_v that_o all_o or_o most_o of_o the_o labourer_n pay_v away_o all_o their_o wage_n constant_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o receive_v it_o and_o live_v upon_o trust_n till_o next_o pay_v day_n this_o the_o farmer_n and_o tradesman_n can_v not_o well_o bear_v be_v it_o every_o labourer_n case_n and_o every_o one_o to_o be_v trust_v and_o therefore_o they_o must_v of_o necessity_n keep_v some_o money_n in_o their_o hand_n to_o go_v to_o market_n for_o victual_n and_o to_o other_o tradesman_n as_o poor_a as_o themselves_o for_o tool_n and_o lay_v up_o money_n too_o to_o buy_v clothes_n or_o pay_v for_o those_o they_o buy_v upon_o credit_n which_o money_n thus_o necessary_o rest_v in_o their_o hand_n we_o can_v imagine_v to_o be_v one_o with_o another_o much_o less_o than_o a_o week_n wage_n that_o must_v be_v in_o their_o pocket_n or_o ready_a in_o the_o farmer_n be_v hand_n for_o he_o who_o employ_v a_o labourer_n at_o 1_o s._n per_fw-la day_n and_o pay_v he_o on_o saturday_n night_n can_v be_v suppose_v constant_o to_o receive_v that_o 6_o s._n just_a the_o same_o saturday_n it_o must_v ordinary_o be_v in_o his_o handâ—_n one_o time_n with_o another_o if_o not_o a_o whole_a week_n yet_o several_a day_n before_o this_o be_v the_o ordinary_a course_n while_o we_o have_v money_n run_v in_o the_o several_a channel_n oâ—_n commerce_n but_o that_o now_o very_o much_o fail_v and_o the_o farmer_n not_o have_v money_n to_o pay_v the_o labourer_n supply_v he_o with_o corn_n which_o in_o this_o great_a plenty_n the_o labourer_n will_v have_v at_o his_o own_o rate_n or_o else_o not_o take_v it_o off_o his_o hand_n for_o wage_n and_o as_o for_o the_o workman_n who_o be_v employ_v in_o our_o manufacture_n especial_o the_o woollen_a one_o these_o the_o clothier_n not_o have_v ready_a money_n to_o pay_v furnish_v with_o the_o necessary_n of_o life_n and_o so_o truck_v commodity_n for_o work_n which_o such_o as_o they_o be_v good_a or_o bad_a the_o workman_n must_v take_v at_o his_o master_n rate_n or_o sit_v still_o and_o starve_v while_o by_o this_o mean_v this_o new_a sort_n of_o ingâ—oners_n or_o forestaller_n have_v the_o feed_n and_o supply_v this_o numerous_a body_n of_o workman_n out_o of_o their_o warehouse_n for_o they_o have_v now_o magazine_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o ware_n set_v the_o price_n upon_o the_o poor_a landholder_n so_o that_o the_o market_n now_o be_v destroy_v and_o the_o farmer_n not_o find_v vent_n there_o for_o his_o butter_n cheese_n bacon_n and_o corn_n etc._n etc._n for_o which_o he_o be_v wont_a to_o bring_v home_o ready_a money_n must_v sell_v it_o to_o these_o engrosser_n on_o their_o own_o term_n of_o time_n and_o rate_n and_o allow_v it_o to_o their_o own_o day-labourer_n under_o the_o true_a market-price_n which_o what_o kind_n of_o influence_n it_o be_v like_a to_o have_v upon_o land_n and_o how_o this_o way_n rent_n be_v like_a to_o be_v pay_v at_o quarter-day_n be_v easy_a to_o apprehend_v and_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n to_o hear_v every_o day_n of_o farmer_n break_v and_o run_v away_o for_o if_o they_o can_v receive_v money_n for_o their_o good_n at_o market_n it_o will_v be_v impossible_a for_o they_o to_o pay_v their_o landlord_n rent_n and_o if_o any_o one_o doubt_n whether_o this_o be_v so_o i_o desire_v he_o to_o inquire_v how_o many_o farmer_n in_o the_o west_n be_v break_v and_o go_v since_o michaelmas_n last_o want_v of_o money_n be_v to_o this_o degree_n work_v both_o way_n upon_o the_o landholder_n for_o first_o the_o engross_n forestall_a let_n not_o the_o money_n come_v to_o market_n but_o supply_v the_o workman_n who_o be_v employ_v by_o he_o in_o manufacture_n with_o necessary_n impose_v his_o price_n and_o forbearance_n on_o the_o farmer_n who_o can_v sell_v to_o the_o other_o and_o the_o labourer_n who_o be_v employ_v by_o the_o landholder_n in_o husbandry_n impose_v also_o his_o rate_n on_o he_o for_o the_o commodity_n he_o take_v for_o there_o be_v a_o want_n of_o day-labourer_n in_o the_o country_n they_o must_v be_v humour_v or_o else_o they_o will_v neither_o work_v for_o you_o nor_o take_v your_o commodity_n for_o their_o labour_n second_o as_o for_o the_o landholder_n since_o his_o tenant_n can_v coin_v their_o rent_n just_a at_o quarter-day_n but_o must_v gather_v it_o up_o by_o degree_n and_o lodge_v it_o with_o they_o till_o payday_n or_o borrow_v it_o of_o those_o who_o have_v it_o lie_v by_o they_o or_o do_v gather_v it_o up_o by_o degree_n which_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n and_o must_v be_v necessary_o so_o much_o money_n for_o some_o time_n lie_v still_o for_o all_o that_o be_v pay_v in_o great_a sum_n must_v somewhere_o be_v gather_v up_o by_o the_o retail_n income_n of_o a_o
trade_n or_o else_o lie_v still_o too_o in_o great_a sum_n which_o be_v the_o same_o stop_n of_o money_n or_o a_o great_a add_v to_o this_o that_o to_o pay_v the_o creditor_n that_o lend_v he_o his_o rent_n he_o must_v gather_v up_o money_n by_o degree_n as_o the_o sale_n of_o his_o commodity_n shall_v bring_v it_o in_o and_o so_o make_v a_o great_a stop_n and_o great_a want_n of_o money_n since_o the_o borrow_a money_n that_o pay_v the_o landholder_n the_o 25_o of_o march_n must_v be_v suppose_v to_o lie_v still_o some_o time_n in_o the_o creditor_n hand_n before_o he_o lend_v it_o the_o tenant_n and_o the_o money_n that_o pay_v the_o creditor_n three_o month_n after_o must_v lie_v still_o some_o time_n in_o the_o tenant_n nor_o do_v the_o landlord_n pay_v away_o his_o rent_n usual_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o receive_v it_o but_o by_o degree_n as_o his_o occasion_n call_v for_o it_o we_o can_v but_o suppose_v that_o between_o the_o landlord_n and_o tenant_n there_o must_v necessary_o be_v at_o least_o ¼_n of_o the_o yearly_a revenue_n of_o the_o land_n constant_o in_o their_o hand_n indeed_o consider_v that_o most_o part_n of_o the_o rent_n of_o england_n be_v pay_v at_o our_o lady-day_n and_o michaelmas_n and_o that_o the_o same_o money_n which_o pay_v i_o my_o rent_n from_o my_o tenant_n the_o 25_o of_o march_n or_o thereabouts_o can_v pay_v my_o next_o neighbour_n his_o rent_n from_o his_o tenant_n at_o the_o same_o time_n much_o less_o one_o more_o remote_a in_o another_o country_n it_o may_v seem_v requisite_a to_o suppose_v half_o the_o yearly_a revenue_n of_o the_o land_n to_o be_v necessary_o employ_v in_o pay_v of_o rent_n for_o to_o say_v that_o some_o tenant_n break_v and_o pay_v not_o their_o rent_n at_o all_o and_o other_o pay_v not_o till_o two_o three_o four_o five_o six_o etc._n etc._n month_n after_o quarter-day_n and_o so_o the_o rent_n be_v not_o all_o pay_v at_o one_o time_n be_v no_o more_o than_o to_o say_v that_o there_o be_v money_n want_v to_o the_o trade_n for_o if_o the_o tenant_n fail_v the_o landlord_n he_o must_v fail_v his_o creditor_n and_o he_o he_o and_o so_o on_o till_o somebody_o break_v and_o so_o trade_n decay_n for_o want_v of_o money_n but_o since_o a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o land_n of_o england_n be_v in_o the_o owner_n hand_n who_o neither_o pay_n nor_o receive_v great_a sum_n for_o it_o at_o a_o certain_a day_n and_o because_o too_o which_o be_v the_o chief_a reason_n we_o be_v not_o to_o consider_v here_o how_o much_o money_n be_v in_o any_o one_o man_n or_o any_o one_o sort_n of_o man_n hand_n at_o any_o one_o time_n for_o that_o at_o other_o tâ—mes_n may_v be_v distribute_v into_o other_o hand_n and_o serve_v other_o part_n of_o trade_n but_o how_o much_o money_n be_v necessary_a to_o be_v in_o each_o man_n hand_n all_o the_o year_n round_o take_v one_o time_n with_o another_o i._n e._n have_v 200_o l._n in_o his_o hand_n one_o month_n be_v to_o be_v reckon_v as_o 100_o l._n in_o his_o hand_n three_o month_n and_o so_o proportionable_o i_o think_v we_o may_v well_o suppose_v ¼_n of_o the_o yearly_a revenue_n to_o be_v constant_o in_o the_o landlord_n or_o tenant_n hand_n â—_z by_o the_o by_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o it_o be_v better_o for_o trade_n and_o consequent_o for_o every_o body_n â—or_a more_o money_n woâ—â—d_v be_v stir_v and_o less_o will_v do_v tâ—e_v business_n if_o rent_n be_v pay_v by_o 〈◊〉_d inâ—â—rvals_n than_o six_o month_n for_o suâ—â—â—sing_v i_o let_v a_o farm_n at_o 52_o l._n per_fw-la an._n iâ—_n my_o rent_n be_v pay_v half_o yearly_a there_o be_v reâ—â—â—â—ed_v 26_o l._n to_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o payment_n of_o it_o in_o â—ne_a entire_a sum._n if_o it_o â—e_v pay_v well_o and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o pay_v well_o 〈◊〉_d â—â—nt_n of_o so_o 〈◊〉_d money_n to_o be_v spare_v to_o that_o purpose_n there_o be_v so_o much_o want_n of_o money_n and_o trade_n be_v still_o endamage_v by_o it_o a_o great_a part_n whereof_o must_v necessary_o lie_v still_o before_o it_o come_v out_o of_o my_o tenant_n chest_n to_o my_o hand_n if_o it_o be_v pay_v once_o a_o quarter_n 13_o l._n alone_o will_v do_v it_o and_o less_o money_n be_v lay_v up_o for_o it_o and_o stop_v a_o less_o while_n in_o its_o course_n but_o shall_v it_o be_v pay_v every_o week_n one_o single_a 20_o s._n will_v pay_v the_o rent_n of_o 52_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la whence_o will_v follow_v this_o double_a benefit_n first_o that_o a_o great_a deal_n less_o money_n will_v serve_v for_o the_o trade_n of_o a_o country_n and_o second_o that_o less_o of_o the_o money_n will_v lie_v still_o the_o contrary_a whereof_o must_v needs_o happen_v where_o grow_a debt_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v at_o large_a distance_n and_o in_o great_a sum_n three_o as_o for_o the_o broker_n since_o they_o too_o must_v lay_v up_o the_o money_n come_v in_o by_o retail_n either_o to_o go_v to_o market_n and_o buy_v ware_n or_o to_o pay_v at_o the_o day_n appoint_v which_o be_v often_o six_o month_n for_o those_o ware_n they_o have_v already_o we_o can_v suppose_v they_o to_o have_v less_o by_o they_o one_o with_o another_o than_o one_o twenty_o part_n of_o their_o yearly_a return_v whether_o the_o money_n be_v their_o own_o or_o they_o be_v indebt_v so_o much_o or_o more_o it_o matter_n not_o if_o it_o be_v necessary_a they_o shall_v have_v constant_o by_o they_o compare_v one_o time_n with_o another_o at_o least_o one_o twenty_o part_n of_o their_o yearly_a return_n indeed_o in_o some_o great_a town_n where_o the_o banker_n be_v ready_a at_o hand_n to_o buy_v bill_n or_o any_o other_o way_n to_o lend_v money_n for_o short_a time_n at_o great_a interest_n there_o perhaps_o the_o merchant_n be_v not_o force_v to_o keep_v so_o much_o money_n by_o he_o as_o in_o other_o place_n where_o they_o have_v not_o such_o a_o supply_n but_o if_o you_o consider_v what_o money_n to_o do_v this_o must_v necessary_o be_v constant_o lodge_v in_o the_o banker_n hand_n to_o which_o if_o you_o add_v what_o part_n of_o the_o money_n of_o a_o country_n scholar_n of_o all_o sort_n woman_n gamester_n and_o great_a man_n menial_a servant_n and_o all_o such_o that_o do_v not_o contribute_v at_o all_o to_o trade_n either_o as_o landholders_n labourer_n or_o broker_n will_v unavoidable_o have_v constant_o in_o their_o hand_n it_o can_v well_o be_v think_v that_o less_o than_o one_o fifty_o part_n of_o the_o labourer_n wage_n one_o four_o part_n of_o the_o landholders_n yearly_a revenue_n and_o one_o twenty_o part_n of_o the_o broker_n yearly_o return_v in_o ready_a money_n will_v be_v enough_o to_o drive_v the_o trade_n of_o any_o country_n at_o least_o to_o put_v it_o beyond_o exception_n low_a enough_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v that_o less_o than_o one_o moiety_n of_o this_o i._n e._n less_o than_o one_o hundred_o part_n of_o the_o labourer_n yearly_a wage_n one_o eight_o part_n of_o the_o landholders_n yearly_a revenue_n and_o one_o forty_o part_n of_o the_o broker_n yearly_o return_v in_o ready_a money_n can_v be_v enough_o to_o move_v the_o several_a wheel_n of_o trade_n and_o keep_v up_o commeree_n in_o that_o life_n and_o thrive_a posture_n it_o shall_v be_v and_o how_o much_o the_o ready_a cash_n of_o any_o country_n be_v short_a of_o this_o proportion_n so_o much_o must_v the_o trade_n be_v impair_v and_o hinder_v for_o want_n of_o money_n but_o however_o these_o measure_n may_v be_v mistake_v this_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o multiply_a of_o broker_n hinder_v the_o trade_n of_o any_o country_n by_o make_v the_o circulation_n the_o money_n go_v large_a and_o in_o that_o circuit_n more_o stop_v so_o that_o the_o return_v must_v necessary_o be_v flower_n and_o â—cantier_a to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o trade_n beside_o that_o they_o eat_v up_o too_o great_a a_o share_n of_o the_o gain_n of_o trade_n by_o that_o mean_n starve_v the_o labourer_n and_o impoverish_v the_o landholder_n who_o interest_n be_v chief_o to_o be_v take_v care_n of_o it_o be_v a_o settle_a unmoveable_a concernment_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o therefore_o it_o will_v be_v convenient_a to_o hinder_v as_o much_o as_o be_v possible_a any_o one_o from_o sell_v any_o of_o our_o native_a commodity_n but_o he_o that_o make_v it_o shopkeeper_n in_o this_o be_v worse_o than_o gamester_n for_o they_o do_v not_o only_o keep_v so_o much_o of_o the_o money_n of_o a_o country_n constant_o in_o their_o hand_n but_o also_o make_v the_o public_a pay_v they_o for_o their_o keep_n of_o it_o though_o game_n too_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o trade_n as_o well_o as_o other_o reason_n may_v well_o deserve_v to_o be_v restrain_v since_o gamester_n in_o order_n to_o their_o play_n
neither_o more_o or_o less_o land_n money_n or_o any_o sort_n of_o commodity_n in_o england_n than_o there_o be_v before_o immediate_o by_o its_o change_n alter_v not_o at_o all_o the_o value_n of_o money_n in_o reference_n to_o commodity_n because_o the_o measure_n of_o that_o be_v only_o the_o quantity_n and_o vent_n which_o be_v not_o immediate_o change_v by_o the_o change_n of_o interest_n but_o only_o as_o the_o change_n of_o interest_n in_o trade_n conduce_v to_o the_o bring_n in_o or_o carry_v out_o money_n or_o commodity_n and_o so_o in_o time_n vary_v their_o proportion_n here_o in_o england_n from_o what_o it_o be_v before_o which_o be_v not_o in_o this_o place_n to_o be_v consider_v this_o be_v perfect_o the_o value_n of_o money_n in_o respect_n of_o consumable_a commodity_n but_o the_o better_a to_o understand_v it_o in_o its_o full_a latitude_n in_o respect_n both_o of_o consumable_a commodity_n and_o land_n too_o we_o must_v consider_v first_o that_o the_o value_n of_o land_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o by_o its_o constant_a production_n of_o saleable_a commodity_n it_o bring_v in_o a_o certain_a yearly_a income_n second_o the_o value_n of_o commodity_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o as_o portable_a and_o useful_a thing_n they_o by_o their_o exchange_n or_o consumption_n supply_v the_o necessary_n or_o conveniency_n of_o life_n three_o in_o mâ—râ—y_n there_o be_v a_o double_a value_n answer_v to_o both_o of_o these_o first_o as_o it_o be_v capable_a by_o its_o interest_n to_o yield_v we_o such_o a_o yearly_a income_n and_o in_o this_o it_o have_v the_o nature_n of_o land_n the_o income_n of_o one_o be_v call_v renâ—_n of_o the_o other_o use_v only_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o the_o land_n in_o its_o soil_n be_v different_a as_o some_o fertile_a some_o barren_a and_o the_o product_n of_o it_o very_o various_a both_o in_o their_o sort_n and_o value_v too_o according_a as_o their_o quantity_n and_o vent_n vary_v but_o moneyâ—_n constant_o the_o same_o and_o by_o its_o interest_n give_v the_o same_o sort_n of_o product_n through_o the_o whole_a country_n be_v capable_a of_o have_v a_o sixed_a yearly_a rate_n set_v upon_o it_o by_o the_o magistrate_n but_o â—and_n be_v not_o but_o though_o in_o the_o uniformity_n of_o its_o legal_a worth_n 100_o l._n of_o lawful_a money_n be_v all_o through_o england_n equal_a in_o its_o current_a value_n to_o any_o other_o 100_o l._n of_o lawful_a money_n because_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o law_n it_o will_v every_o where_o pass_v for_o as_o much_o ware_n or_o debt_n as_o any_o other_o hundred_o pound_n be_v capable_a to_o have_v its_o yearly_a hire_n value_v better_a than_o land_n yet_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o vary_a need_n and_o necessity_n of_o money_n which_o change_v with_o the_o increase_n or_o decay_v of_o money_n or_o trade_n in_o a_o country_n it_o be_v as_o little_a capable_a to_o have_v its_o yearly_a hire_n fix_v by_o law_n as_o land_n itself_o for_o be_v all_o the_o land_n in_o rumney-marsh_n acre_n for_o acre_n equal_o good_a that_o be_v do_v constant_o produce_v the_o same_o quantity_n of_o equal_o good_a hay_n or_o grass_n one_o as_o another_o the_o rent_n of_o it_o under_o that_o consideration_n of_o every_o acre_n be_v of_o a_o equal_a worth_n will_v be_v capable_a of_o be_v regulate_v by_o law_n and_o one_o may_v as_o well_o enact_v that_o no_o acre_n of_o land_n in_o rumney-marsh_n shall_v be_v let_v for_o above_o 40_o s._n per_fw-la an._n as_o that_o no_o 100_o l._n shall_v be_v let_v for_o above_o 4_o l._n per_fw-la an._n but_o no_o body_n can_v think_v it_o fit_a since_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o equal_a value_n of_o that_o land_n it_o can_v that_o therefore_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n in_o rumney-marsh_n shall_v be_v regulate_v by_o law_n for_o suppose_v all_o the_o land_n in_o rumney-marsh_n or_o in_o england_n be_v all_o of_o so_o equal_a a_o worth_n that_o any_o one_o acre_n compare_v at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o any_o one_o other_o be_v equal_o good_a in_o respect_n of_o its_o product_n yet_o the_o same_o acre_n compare_v with_o itself_o in_o different_a time_n will_v not_o in_o respect_n of_o rent_n be_v of_o equal_a value_n and_o therefore_o it_o will_v have_v be_v a_o unreasonable_a thing_n if_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henryâ—_n â—_z the_o rent_n of_o land_n in_o rumney-marsh_n have_v be_v settle_v by_o a_o law_n according_a to_o the_o judge_v value_n of_o it_o at_o that_o time_n and_o the_o same_o law_n limit_v the_o rent_n perhaps_o to_o 5_o s._n per_fw-la acre_n have_v continue_v still_o the_o absurdity_n and_o impracticableness_n of_o this_o every_o one_o see_v at_o the_o first_o proposal_n and_o ready_o conclude_v within_o himself_o that_o thing_n must_v be_v leave_v to_o find_v their_o own_o priceâ—_n and_o it_o be_v impossible_a in_o this_o their_o constant_a mutability_n for_o human_a foresight_n to_o seâ—_n rule_n and_o bound_n to_o thâ—_n constantly-varying_a proportion_n and_o use_v which_o will_v always_o regulate_v their_o value_n they_o who_o consider_v thing_n beyond_o their_o name_n will_v find_v that_o money_n as_o well_o as_o all_o other_o commodity_n be_v liable_a to_o the_o same_o change_n and_o inequality_n nay_o in_o this_o respect_n of_o the_o variety_n of_o its_o value_n bring_v in_o by_o time_n in_o the_o succession_n of_o affair_n the_o rate_n of_o money_n be_v less_o capable_a of_o be_v regulate_v by_o a_o law_n in_o any_o country_n than_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n because_o of_o the_o quick_a change_n that_o happen_v in_o trade_n this_o too_o must_v be_v add_v that_o money_n may_v be_v bring_v in_o or_o carry_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o land_n can_v and_o so_o that_o be_v true_o worth_a 6_o or_o 8_o per_fw-la cent._n this_o year_n which_o will_v yield_v but_o 4_o the_o last_o 2._o money_n have_v a_o value_n as_o it_o be_v capable_a by_o exchange_n to_o procure_v we_o the_o necessary_n or_o conveniency_n of_o life_n and_o in_o this_o it_o have_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o commodity_n only_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o it_o serve_v we_o common_o by_o its_o exchange_n never_o almost_o by_o its_o consumption_n but_o have_v not_o at_o all_o a_o more_o stand_v settle_a value_n in_o exchange_n with_o any_o other_o thing_n than_o any_o other_o commodity_n have_v but_o a_o more_o know_a one_o and_o better_o fix_v by_o name_n number_n and_o weight_n to_o enable_v we_o to_o reckon_v what_o the_o proportion_n of_o scarcity_n and_o vent_n of_o one_o commodity_n be_v to_o another_o for_o suppose_v as_o before_o that_o half_o a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n will_v last_v year_n exchange_v for_o one_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n or_o for_o 15_o l._n weight_n of_o lead_n if_o this_o year_n wheat_n be_v 10_o time_n scarce_a and_o lead_v in_o the_o same_o quantity_n to_o its_o vent_n as_o it_o be_v be_v it_o not_o evident_a that_o half_a a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n will_v still_o exchange_v for_o 15_o l._n of_o lead_n though_o it_o will_v exchange_v but_o for_o one_o ten_o of_o a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n and_o he_o that_o have_v use_v of_o lead_n will_v as_o soon_o take_v 15_o l._n weight_n of_o lead_n as_o â—_o ounce_n of_o silver_n for_o one_o ten_o of_o a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n and_o no_o more_o so_o that_o if_o you_o say_v that_o money_n now_o be_v 9_o 10_o less_o worth_a than_o it_o be_v the_o former_a year_n you_o must_v say_v so_o of_o lead_n too_o and_o all_o other_o thing_n that_o keep_v the_o same_o proportion_n to_o money_n they_o be_v in_o before_o only_o this_o variation_n be_v first_o observe_v in_o money_n because_o it_o be_v the_o measure_n by_o which_o people_n reckon_v for_o call_v that_o half_a ounce_n of_o silver_n half_n a_o crown_n they_o be_v understand_v better_o when_o they_o say_v half_o a_o crown_n or_o two_o shilling_n and_o six_o penny_n will_v now_o but_o 1_o 10_o of_o a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n but_o do_v not_o say_v that_o 15_o l._n of_o lead_n will_v now_o but_o 1_o 10_o of_o a_o busheâ—_n of_o wheat_n because_o it_o be_v not_o general_o use_v to_o this_o sort_n of_o reckon_a nor_o do_v theâ—_n say_v lead_n be_v less_o worth_a than_o it_o be_v though_o in_o respect_n of_o wheat_n lead_v be_v 〈…〉_z worse_o than_o it_o be_v as_o well_o as_o silver_n only_o by_o the_o tale_n of_o shilling_n we_o be_v better_o enable_v to_o judge_v of_o it_o this_o i_o suppose_v be_v the_o true_a value_n of_o mâ—â—ney_n when_o it_o pass_v from_o one_o to_o another_o in_o buy_v and_o sell_v where_o it_o run_v the_o same_o change_n of_o high_a and_o low_o as_o anâ—_n other_o commodity_n do_v for_o one_o equâ—â—_n quantity_n whereof_o you_o shall_v receive_v more_o or_o less_o of_o another_o commodity_n at_o onâ—_n time_n than_o you_o do_v at_o another_o in_o
exchange_n for_o a_o farmer_n that_o carry_v a_o bushel_n â—_o wheat_n to_o market_n and_o a_o labourer_n thâ—â—_n carry_v half_o a_o crown_n shall_v find_v that_o the_o money_n of_o one_o as_o well_o as_o corn_n of_o the_o other_o shall_v at_o some_o time_n purchase_v he_o more_o or_o less_o leather_n or_o salt_n according_a as_o they_o be_v in_o great_a plenty_n and_o scarcity_n one_o to_o another_o so_o that_o in_o exchange_n of_o coin_a silver_n for_o any_o other_o commodity_n which_o be_v buy_v and_o sell_v the_o same_o measure_n govern_v the_o proportion_n you_o receive_v as_o if_o you_o exchange_v lead_v or_o wheat_n or_o any_o other_o commodity_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o their_o quantity_n in_o proportion_n to_o their_o vent_n if_o then_o change_v of_o use_n make_v not_o your_o silver_n more_o in_o spâ—ciâ—_fw-la or_o your_o wheat_n or_o other_o commodity_n less_o it_o will_v not_o have_v any_o influence_n at_o all_o to_o make_v it_o exchange_v for_o less_o of_o wheat_n or_o any_o other_o commodity_n than_o it_o will_v have_v on_o lead_n to_o make_v it_o exchange_v for_o less_o wheat_n or_o any_o other_o commodity_n money_n therefore_o in_o buy_v and_o sell_v being_n perfect_o in_o the_o same_o condition_n with_o other_o commodity_n and_o subject_a to_o all_o the_o same_o law_n of_o value_n let_v we_o next_o see_v how_o it_o come_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o land_n by_o yield_v a_o certain_a yearly_a income_n which_o we_o call_v use_v or_o interest_n for_o land_n produce_v natural_o something_a new_a and_o profitable_a and_o of_o value_n to_o mankind_n but_o money_n be_v a_o barren_a thing_n and_o produce_v nothing_o but_o by_o compact_n transfer_v that_o profit_n that_o be_v the_o reward_n of_o one_o man_n labour_n into_o another_o man_n pocket_n that_o which_o occasion_n this_o be_v the_o unequal_a distribution_n of_o money_n which_o inequality_n have_v the_o same_o effect_n too_o upon_o land_n that_o it_o have_v upon_o money_n for_o my_o have_v more_o money_n in_o my_o hand_n than_o i_o can_v or_o be_o dispose_v to_o use_v in_o buy_v and_o sell_v make_v i_o able_a to_o lend_v and_o another_o want_n of_o so_o much_o money_n as_o he_o can_v employ_v in_o trade_n make_v he_o willing_a to_o borrow_v but_o why_o then_o and_o for_o what_o consideration_n do_v he_o pay_v use_v for_o the_o same_o reason_n and_o upon_o as_o good_a consideration_n as_o the_o tenant_n pay_v rend_v for_o your_o land_n for_o as_o the_o unequal_a distribution_n of_o land_n you_o have_v more_o than_o you_o can_v or_o will_v manure_v and_o another_o less_o bring_v you_o a_o tenant_n for_o your_o land_n and_o the_o same_o unequal_a distribution_n of_o money_n i_o have_v more_o than_o i_o can_v or_o will_v employ_v and_o another_o less_o bring_v i_o a_o tenant_n for_o my_o money_n so_o my_o money_n be_v apt_a in_o trade_n by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o borrower_n to_o produce_v more_o than_o 6_o per_fw-la cent._n to_o the_o borrower_n as_o well_o aâ—_n your_o land_n by_o the_o labour_n of_o the_o tenant_n be_v apt_a to_o produce_v more_o fruit_n than_o his_o rent_n come_v to_o and_o therefore_o deserve_v to_o be_v pay_v for_o as_o well_o as_o land_n by_o a_o yearly_a rent_n for_o though_o the_o usurer_n money_n will_v bring_v in_o no_o yearly_a profit_n if_o he_o do_v not_o lend_v it_o suppose_v he_o employ_v it_o not_o himself_n and_o so_o his_o six_o per_fw-la cent._n may_v seem_v to_o be_v the_o fruit_n of_o another_o man_n labour_n yet_o he_o share_v not_o near_o so_o much_o of_o the_o profit_n of_o another_o man_n labour_n as_o he_o that_o let_v land_n to_o a_o tenant_n for_o without_o the_o tenant_n industry_n suppose_v as_o before_o the_o owner_n will_v not_o manage_v it_o himself_o his_o land_n will_v yield_v he_o little_a or_o no_o profit_n so_o that_o the_o rent_n he_o receive_v be_v a_o great_a portion_n of_o the_o fruit_n of_o his_o tenant_n labour_v than_o the_o use_n be_v at_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z for_o general_o he_o that_o borrow_v 1000_o l._n at_o six_o per_fw-la cent._n and_o so_o pay_v 60_o l._n per_fw-la aâ—num_fw-la use_v get_v more_o above_o his_o use_n in_o one_o year_n by_o his_o industry_n than_o he_o that_o rent_n a_o farm_n of_o 60_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la get_v in_o two_o above_o his_o rent_n though_o his_o labour_n be_v hard_a it_o be_v evident_a therefore_o that_o he_o that_o have_v skill_n in_o traffic_n but_o have_v not_o money_n enough_o to_o exercise_v it_o have_v not_o only_a reason_n to_o borrow_v money_n to_o drive_v his_o trade_n and_o get_v a_o livelihood_n but_o as_o much_o reason_n to_o pay_v use_n for_o that_o money_n as_o he_o that_o not_o have_v land_n of_o his_o own_o yet_o have_v skill_n in_o husbandry_n have_v not_o only_a reason_n to_o rend_a land_n but_o to_o pay_v money_n for_o the_o use_v of_o it_o it_o follow_v that_o borrow_v money_n upon_o use_n be_v not_o only_o by_o the_o necessity_n of_o affair_n and_o the_o constitution_n of_o humane_a society_n unavoidable_a to_o some_o man_n but_o that_o also_o to_o receive_v profit_n for_o the_o loan_n of_o money_n be_v as_o equitable_a and_o lawful_a as_o receive_v rend_v for_o land_n and_o more_o tolerable_a to_o the_o borrower_n notwithstanding_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o over-scrupulous_a men._n this_o be_v so_o one_o will_v expect_v that_o the_o rate_n of_o interest_n shall_v be_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o value_n of_o land_n in_o number_n of_o year_n purchase_v for_o which_o the_o fee_n be_v sell_v for_o 100_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v equal_a to_o 100_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o so_o to_o perpetuity_n and_o 100_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v the_o productâ—_n of_o 1000_o l._n when_o interest_n be_v at_o 10_o per_fw-la cent._n of_o 1250_o l._n when_o interest_n be_v at_o 8_o per_fw-la cent._n of_o 1666_o l._n or_o thereabouts_o when_o interest_n be_v at_o 6_o per_fw-la cent._n of_o 2000_o l._n when_o money_n be_v at_o 5_o per_fw-la cent._n of_o 2500_o l._n when_o money_n be_v at_o 4_o per_fw-la cent._n one_o will_v conclude_v i_o say_v that_o land_n shall_v sell_v in_o proportion_n to_o use_v according_a to_o these_o follow_a rate_n viz._n when_o money_n be_v at_o 10_o per_fw-la cent._n for_o 10_o year_n purchase_n when_o money_n be_v at_o 8_o per_fw-la cent._n for_o 12_o 1_o â—_o year_n purchase_v when_o money_n be_v at_o 6_o per_fw-la cent._n for_o 16_o â—_o â—_o year_n purchase_v when_o money_n be_v at_o 5_o per_fw-la cent._n for_o 20_o year_n purchase_n when_o money_n be_v at_o 4_o per_fw-la cent._n for_o 25_o year_n purchase_n but_o experience_n tell_v we_o that_o neither_o in_o queen_n elizabeth_n nor_o king_n james_n the_o first_o reign_v when_o interest_n be_v at_o ten_o per_fw-la cent._n be_v land_n sell_v for_o ten_o or_o when_o it_o be_v at_o eighth_n per_fw-mi cent_z for_o 12_o ½_o year_n purchase_v or_o any_o thing_n near_o the_o low_a rate_n that_o high_o use_v require_v if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o rate_n of_o interest_n govern_v the_o price_n of_o land_n any_o more_o than_o land_n now_o yield_v 25_o year_n purchase_n because_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o moneyed_a man_n will_v now_o let_v their_o money_n upon_o good_a security_n at_o four_o per_fw-la cent._n thus_o we_o see_v in_o fact_n how_o little_a this_o rule_n have_v hold_v at_o home_n and_o he_o that_o will_v look_v into_o holland_n will_v find_v that_o the_o purchase_n of_o land_n be_v not_o raise_v there_o when_o their_o interest_n fall_v this_o be_v certain_a and_o past_a doubt_n that_o the_o legal_a interest_n can_v never_o regulate_v the_o price_n of_o land_n since_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o price_n of_o land_n have_v never_o change_v with_o it_o in_o the_o several_a change_n have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o rate_n of_o interest_n by_o law_n nor_o now_o that_o the_o rate_n of_o interest_n be_v by_o law_n the_o same_o through_o all_o england_n be_v the_o price_n of_o land_n every_o where_o the_o same_o it_o be_v in_o some_o part_n constant_o sell_v for_o 4_o or_o 5_o year_n purchase_v more_o than_o in_o other_o whether_o you_o or_o i_o can_v tell_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o it_o matter_n not_o to_o the_o question_n in_o hand_n but_o it_o be_v real_o so_o this_o be_v plain_a demonstration_n against_o those_o who_o pretend_v to_o advance_v and_o regulate_v the_o price_n of_o land_n by_o a_o law_n concern_v the_o interest_n of_o money_n but_o yet_o i_o will_v give_v you_o some_o of_o my_o guess_n why_o the_o price_n of_o land_n be_v not_o regulate_v as_o at_o first_o sight_n it_o seem_v it_o shall_v be_v by_o the_o interest_n of_o money_n why_o it_o be_v not_o regulate_v by_o the_o legal_a use_n be_v manifest_a because_o the_o rate_n of_o
usual_o dear_a those_o year_n they_o be_v worst_a but_o if_o it_o happen_v to_o be_v a_o species_n of_o commodity_n who_o defect_n may_v be_v supply_v by_o some_o other_o the_o make_n of_o it_o worse_o do_v lessen_v its_o price_n because_o it_o hinder_v its_o vent_n for_o if_o rye_n shall_v any_o year_n prove_v general_o smutty_a or_o grow_v no_o question_n it_o will_v yield_v less_o money_n than_o otherwise_o because_o the_o deficiency_n of_o that_o may_v be_v in_o some_o measure_n make_v up_o by_o wheat_n and_o other_o grain_n but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o commodity_n who_o use_n no_o other_o know_v thing_n can_v supply_v it_o be_v not_o its_o be_v better_a or_o worse_o but_o its_o quantity_n and_o vent_n be_v that_o alone_a which_o regulate_v and_o determine_v its_o value_n to_o apply_v this_o now_o to_o money_n as_o capable_a of_o different_a rate_n of_o interest_n consider_v money_n in_o its_o proper_a use_n as_o a_o commodity_n pass_v in_o exchange_n from_o one_o to_o another_o all_o that_o be_v do_v by_o interest_n be_v but_o add_v to_o money_n by_o agreement_n or_o public_a authority_n which_o natural_o it_o have_v not_o viz._n a_o faculty_n of_o increase_v every_o year_n six_o per_fw-la cent_z now_o if_o public_a authority_n sink_v use_v to_o four_o per_fw-la cent._n it_o be_v certain_a it_o diminish_v this_o good_a quality_n in_o money_n 1_o â—_o but_o yet_o this_o make_v the_o money_n of_o england_n not_o one_o farthing_n more_o than_o it_o be_v it_o alter_v not_o the_o measure_n upon_o which_o all_o changeable_a commodity_n increase_v or_o sink_v their_o price_n and_o so_o make_v not_o money_n exchange_n for_o less_o of_o any_o commodity_n than_o it_o will_v without_o this_o alteration_n of_o its_o interest_n but_o rather_o if_o lessen_v use_v to_o four_o per_fw-la cent._n do_v at_o all_o alter_v the_o quantity_n of_o money_n and_o make_v it_o less_o it_o make_v money_n as_o it_o have_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o commodity_n dear_a i._n e._n a_o less_o quantity_n of_o money_n will_v exchange_n for_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o another_o commodity_n than_o it_o will_v before_o this_o perhaps_o will_v appear_v a_o little_a plain_o by_o these_o follow_a particular_n 1._o that_o the_o intrinsic_a natural_a worth_n of_o any_o thing_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o be_v serviceable_a to_o the_o necessity_n or_o conveniency_n of_o human_a life_n and_o it_o be_v natural_o more_o worth_a as_o the_o necessity_n or_o conveniency_n it_o supply_v be_v great_a but_o yet_o 2._o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o intrinsic_a natural_a settle_a value_n in_o any_o thing_n as_o to_o make_v any_o assign_a quantity_n of_o it_o constant_o worth_a any_o assign_a quantity_n of_o another_o 3._o the_o value_n of_o any_o assign_a quantity_n of_o two_o or_o more_o commodity_n be_v pro_fw-la hic_fw-la &_o nunc_fw-la equal_a when_o they_o will_v exchange_v one_o for_o another_o as_o suppose_v one_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n two_o bushel_n of_o barley_n 30_o l._n of_o lead_n and_o one_o ounce_n of_o silver_n will_v now_o in_o the_o market_n be_v take_v one_o for_o another_o they_o be_v then_o of_o equal_a worth_n and_o our_o coin_n be_v that_o which_o englishman_n reckon_v by_o a_o englishman_n will_v say_v that_o now_o one_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n two_o bushel_n of_o barley_n 30_o l._n of_o lead_n one_o ounce_n of_o silver_n be_v equal_o worth_a five_o shilling_n 4._o the_o alter_n of_o this_o value_n two_o thing_n in_o respect_n of_o one_o another_o or_o any_o one_o stand_v common_a measure_n be_v not_o the_o alter_n of_o any_o intrinsic_a value_n or_o quality_n in_o the_o commodity_n for_o musty_a and_o smutty_a corn_n will_v sell_v dear_a at_o one_o time_n than_o the_o clean_a and_o sweet_a at_o another_o but_o the_o alteration_n of_o some_o proportion_n the_o commodity_n bear_v to_o something_o else_o 5._o this_o proportion_n in_o all_o commodity_n whereof_o money_n be_v one_o be_v the_o proportion_n of_o their_o quantity_n to_o the_o vent_n which_o vent_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o pass_n of_o commodity_n from_o one_o owner_n to_o another_o in_o exchange_n and_o be_v then_o call_v quick_a when_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o any_o species_n of_o commodity_n be_v take_v off_o from_o the_o owner_n of_o it_o in_o a_o equal_a space_n of_o time_n 6._o this_o vent_n be_v regulate_v i._n e._n make_v quick_a or_o slow_a as_o great_a or_o less_o quantity_n of_o any_o saleable_a commodity_n be_v remove_v out_o of_o the_o way_n and_o course_n of_o trade_n separate_v from_o public_a commerce_n and_o no_o long_o lie_v within_o the_o reach_n of_o exchange_n for_o though_o any_o commodity_n shall_v shift_v hand_n never_o so_o fast_o and_o be_v exchange_v from_o one_o man_n to_o another_o yet_o if_o they_o be_v not_o thereby_o exempt_v from_o trade_n and_o sale_n and_o do_v not_o cease_v to_o be_v any_o long_a traffic_n this_o will_v not_o at_o all_o make_v or_o quicken_v their_o vent_n but_o this_o seldom_o or_o never_o happen_v make_v very_o little_a or_o no_o alteration_n and_o thus_o the_o vent_n be_v alter_v three_o way_n 1._o by_o consumption_n when_o the_o commodity_n in_o its_o use_n be_v destroy_v as_o meat_n drink_v and_o clothes_n etc._n etc._n all_o that_o be_v so_o consume_v be_v quite_o go_v out_o of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o world_n 2._o exportation_n and_o all_o that_o be_v so_o carry_v away_o be_v go_v out_o of_o the_o trade_n of_o england_n and_o concern_v englishman_n no_o more_o in_o the_o price_n of_o their_o commodity_n among_o themselves_o than_o if_o it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o world_n 3._o buy_v and_o lay_v up_o for_o a_o man_n private_a use._n for_o what_o be_v by_o any_o of_o these_o way_n shut_v out_o of_o the_o market_n and_o no_o long_o movable_a by_o the_o hand_n of_o commerce_n make_v no_o long_o any_o part_n of_o merchantable_a ware_n and_o so_o in_o respect_n of_o trade_n and_o the_o quantity_n of_o any_o commodity_n be_v not_o more_o considerable_a than_o if_o it_o be_v not_o in_o be_v all_o these_o three_o terminate_n at_o last_n in_o consumption_n of_o all_o commodity_n except_v only_a jewel_n and_o plate_n and_o some_o few_o other_o which_o wear_v out_o but_o insensible_o may_v proper_o enough_o pass_v under_o that_o name_n engross_a too_o have_v some_o influence_n on_o the_o present_a vent_n but_o this_o enclose_v some_o considerable_a part_n of_o any_o commodity_n for_o if_o the_o engross_a be_v of_o all_o the_o commodity_n and_o it_o be_v of_o general_a use_n the_o price_n be_v at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o engrosser_n out_o of_o the_o free_a common_a of_o trade_n only_o for_o some_o time_n and_o afterward_o return_v again_o to_o sale_n make_v not_o usual_o so_o sensible_a and_o general_a a_o alteration_n in_o the_o vent_n as_o the_o other_o do_v but_o yet_o influence_n the_o price_n and_o the_o vent_v more_o according_a as_o it_o extend_v its_o self_n to_o a_o large_a portion_n of_o the_o commodity_n and_o hoard_v it_o up_o long_o 7._o most_o other_a portable_a commodity_n except_v jewel_n plate_n etc._n etc._n decay_v quick_o in_o their_o use_n but_o money_n be_v less_o consume_v or_o increase_v i._n e._n by_o slow_a degree_n remove_v from_o or_o bring_v into_o the_o free_a commerce_n of_o any_o country_n than_o the_o great_a part_n of_o other_o merchandise_n and_o so_o the_o proportion_n between_o its_o quantity_n and_o vent_n alter_v slow_a than_o in_o most_o other_o commodity_n it_o be_v common_o look_v on_o as_o a_o stand_a measure_n to_o judge_v of_o the_o value_n of_o all_o thing_n especial_o be_v adapt_v to_o it_o by_o its_o weight_n and_o denomination_n in_o coinage_n 8._o money_n whilst_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o it_o be_v pass_v up_o and_o down_o the_o kingdom_n in_o trade_n be_v real_o a_o stand_a measure_n of_o the_o fall_n and_o rise_v value_n of_o other_o thing_n in_o reference_n to_o one_o another_o and_o the_o alteration_n of_o price_n be_v true_o in_o they_o only_o but_o if_o you_o increase_v or_o lessen_v the_o quantity_n of_o money_n current_n in_o traffic_n in_o any_o place_n than_o the_o alteration_n of_o value_n be_v in_o the_o money_n and_o if_o at_o the_o same_o time_n wheat_n keep_v its_o proportion_n of_o vent_n to_o quantity_n money_n to_o speak_v true_o alter_v its_o worth_n and_o wheat_n do_v not_o though_o it_o sell_v for_o a_o great_a or_o less_o price_n than_o it_o do_v before_o for_o money_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o the_o stand_a measure_n of_o other_o commodity_n man_n consider_v and_o speak_v of_o it_o still_o as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o stand_a measure_n though_o when_o it_o have_v vary_v its_o quantity_n it_o be_v plain_a it_o be_v not_o 9_o but_o the_o value_n or_o price_n of_o all_o commodity_n among_o which_o money_n
be_v lay_v on_o high_a or_o low_a interest_n 4._o interest_n be_v so_o high_a prevent_v the_o build_n of_o ship_n which_o be_v the_o strength_n and_o safety_n of_o our_o island_n mâ—st_a merchant_n ship_n be_v build_v in_o holland_n answ._n though_o this_o argument_n be_v now_o go_v such_o ship_n be_v prohibit_v by_o a_o law_n i_o will_v help_v the_o author_n to_o one_o as_o good_a the_o duâ—ch_n buy_v our_o rape-seed_n make_v it_o into_o oil_n bring_v it_o back_o to_o we_o and_o sell_v it_o with_o advantage_n this_o may_v be_v as_o well_o say_v to_o be_v from_o high_a interest_n here_o and_o low_a there_o but_o the_o truth_n be_v the_o industry_n and_o frugality_n of_o that_o people_n make_v they_o content_a to_o work_v cheap_a and_o sell_v at_o less_o profit_n than_o their_o neighbour_n and_o so_o get_v the_o trade_n from_o they_o 5._o the_o high_a râ—te_n of_o usury_n make_v land_n sell_v so_o cheap_a be_v nâ—t_a worth_n more_o than_o 14_o or_o 15_o year_n purchase_n whereas_o in_o holland_n where_o interest_n be_v at_o 6_o it_o be_v worth_a above_o 25._o so_o that_o a_o low_a interest_n raise_v the_o price_n of_o land_n where_o money_n be_v dear_a land_n be_v cheap_a ans._n this_o argument_n plain_o confess_v that_o there_o be_v something_o else_o regulate_v the_o price_n of_o land_n beside_o the_o rate_n of_o interest_n else_o when_o money_n be_v at_o 10_o per_fw-mi cent_z here_o land_n shall_v have_v be_v at_o 10_o year_n purchase_n whereas_o he_o confess_v it_o then_o to_o have_v be_v at_o 14_o or_o 15._o one_o may_v suppose_v to_o favour_v his_o hypothesis_n he_o be_v not_o forward_o to_o speak_v the_o most_o of_o it_o and_o interest_n as_o he_o say_v being_z at_z 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z in_o holland_n land_n there_o shall_v have_v sell_v by_o that_o rule_n for_o 16_o â—_o â—_o year_n purchase_v whereas_o he_o say_v it_o be_v worth_a about_o 25._o and_o mr._n manly_n say_v p._n 33._o that_o 〈◊〉_d in_o france_n be_v at_o 7_o per_fw-mi cent_z noble_a 〈…〉_z 4_o and_o 35_o year_n purchase_n and_o 〈◊〉_d land_n for_o 25._o so_o that_o the_o true_a 〈…〉_z from_o hence_o be_v not_o what_o our_o 〈…〉_z that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o legal_a 〈…〉_z something_o else_o that_o govern_v the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o land_n i_o grant_v his_o position_n that_o 〈…〉_z but_o it_o must_v be_v so_o by_o the_o natural_a not_o legal_a interest_n for_o where_o money_n will_v be_v lend_v on_o good_a security_n at_o 4_o or_o 5_o per_fw-mi cent_z it_o be_v a_o demonstration_n that_o there_o be_v more_o than_o will_v be_v venture_v on_o ordinary_a credit_n in_o trade_n and_o when_o this_o plenty_n become_v general_a it_o be_v a_o sign_n there_o be_v more_o money_n than_o can_v be_v employ_v in_o trade_n which_o can_v but_o put_v many_o upon_o seek_v purchase_n to_o lay_v it_o out_o in_o land_n and_o so_o raise_v the_o price_n of_o land_n by_o make_v more_o buyer_n than_o seller_n 6._o it_o be_v not_o probable_a lender_n will_v call_v in_o their_o money_n when_o they_o can_v make_v great_a interest_n any_o where_o beside_o their_o security_n upon_o lâ—nd_n will_v be_v better_o answ._n some_o unskilful_a and_o timorous_a man_n will_v call_v in_o their_o money_n other_o put_v it_o into_o the_o banker_n hand_n but_o the_o banker_n and_o skilful_a will_v keep_v it_o up_o and_o not_o lend_v it_o but_o at_o the_o natural_a use_n as_o we_o have_v show_v but_o how_o security_n will_v beâ—ne_v eâ—dâ—d_v by_o lower_v of_o interest_n be_v i_o confess_v beyond_o my_o comprehension_n of_o raise_v our_o coin_n be_v now_o upon_o the_o consideration_n of_o interest_n and_o money_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o say_v one_o word_n more_o on_o this_o occasion_n which_o may_v not_o be_v whole_o unseasonable_a at_o this_o time_n i_o hear_v a_o talk_v up_o and_o down_o of_o raise_v our_o money_n as_o a_o mean_n to_o retain_v our_o wealth_n and_o keep_v our_o money_n from_o be_v carry_v away_o i_o wish_v those_o that_o use_v the_o phrase_n of_o raise_v our_o money_n have_v some_o clear_a notion_n annex_v to_o it_o and_o that_o then_o they_o will_v examine_v whether_o that_o be_v true_a it_o will_v at_o all_o serve_v to_o those_o end_n for_o which_o it_o be_v propose_v the_o raise_n of_o mâ—nâ—y_n than_o signify_v one_o of_o these_o two_o thing_n either_o raise_v the_o value_n of_o our_o money_n or_o raise_v the_o denomination_n of_o our_o coin_n the_o raise_n of_o the_o value_n of_o money_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o make_v a_o less_o quantity_n of_o it_o exchange_v for_o any_o other_o thing_n than_o will_v have_v be_v take_v for_o it_o before_o v_o g._n if_o 5_o s._n will_v exchange_n for_o or_o as_o we_o call_v it_o buy_v a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n if_o you_o can_v make_v 4_o s._n buy_v another_o bushel_n of_o the_o same_o wheat_n it_o be_v plain_a the_o value_n of_o your_o money_n be_v raise_v in_o respect_n of_o wheat_n â…•_n but_o thus_o nothing_o can_v raise_v or_o fall_v the_o value_n of_o your_o money_n but_o the_o proportion_n of_o its_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o plenty_n scarcity_n or_o vent_v of_o any_o other_o commodity_n with_o which_o you_o compare_v it_o or_o for_o which_o you_o will_v exchange_v it_o and_o thus_o silver_n which_o make_v the_o inâ—â—ntick_a value_n of_o money_n compare_v with_o itself_o under_o any_o stamp_n or_o denomination_n of_o the_o same_o or_o different_a country_n can_v be_v raise_v for_o a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n whether_o in_o pâ—neâ—_n gâ—oâ—â—â—â—_n â—_z or_o crâ—wn_v piece_n stivers_n or_o duâ—â—tâ—â—ns_n or_o in_o bullion_n be_v and_o always_o eternal_o will_v be_v of_o equal_a value_n to_o any_o other_o ounce_n of_o siâ—ver_n under_o what_o stamp_n or_o denomination_n soever_o unless_o it_o can_v be_v show_v that_o any_o stamp_n can_v add_v any_o new_a and_o better_a 〈…〉_z parcel_n of_o silver_n which_o 〈…〉_z of_o silver_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d therefore_o 〈…〉_z of_o equal_a value_n to_o silver_n 〈…〉_z coin_n come_v 〈◊〉_d with_o 〈…〉_z less_o or_o equal_a 〈…〉_z or_o equal_a silveâ—_n 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈…〉_z can_v by_o no_o 〈…〉_z your_o money_n 〈…〉_z of_o the_o world_n 〈…〉_z be_v aâ—oyâ—d_v 〈…〉_z so_o much_o silver_n alloy_v or_o mix_v with_o base_a metal_n because_o beside_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o silver_n those_o who_o have_v need_v of_o fine_a i._n e._n unmixed_a silver_n as_o gilder_n wire-drawer_n etc._n etc._n must_v according_o to_o their_o need_n beside_o a_o equal_a weight_n of_o silver_n mix_v with_o other_o metal_n give_v a_o overplus_n to_o reward_v the_o refiner_n skill_n and_o pain_n and_o in_o this_o case_n fine_a silver_n and_o alloy_v or_o mix_v silver_n be_v consider_v as_o two_o distinct_a commodity_n but_o no_o money_n be_v coin_v of_o pure_a fine_a silver_n this_o concern_v not_o the_o value_n of_o money_n at_o all_o wherein_o a_o equal_a quantity_n of_o silver_n be_v always_o the_o same_o value_n with_o a_o equal_a quantity_n of_o silver_n let_v the_o stamp_n or_o denomination_n be_v what_o it_o will_n all_o then_o 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coin_n pay_v the_o coinage_n the_o particular_a owner_n pay_v nothing_o for_o it_o so_o that_o 100_o ounce_n of_o silver_n coin_v come_v to_o the_o owner_n at_o the_o same_o rate_n as_o 100_o ounce_n of_o the_o standard_n silver_n in_o bullion_n for_o deliver_v into_o the_o mint_n his_o silver_n in_o bar_n he_o have_v the_o same_o quantity_n of_o silver_n deliver_v out_o to_o he_o again_o in_o coin_n without_o any_o charge_n to_o he_o whereby_o if_o at_o any_o time_n he_o have_v occasion_n for_o bullion_n it_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n to_o melt_v down_o our_o miâ—ed_a money_n as_o to_o buy_v bullion_n from_o abroad_o or_o take_v it_o in_o exchange_n for_o other_o commodity_n thus_o our_o mint_n to_o the_o only_a advantage_n of_o our_o officer_n but_o at_o the_o public_a cost_n â—_z in_o vain_a as_o will_v be_v find_v but_o yet_o this_o make_v you_o not_o have_v one_o jot_n less_o money_n in_o england_n than_o you_o will_v have_v otherwise_o but_o only_o make_v you_o coin_n that_o which_o otherwise_o will_v not_o have_v be_v coin_v nor_o perhaps_o be_v bring_v hither_o and_o be_v not_o bring_v hither_o by_o a_o overbalance_n of_o your_o exportation_n can_v stay_v when_o it_o be_v here_o it_o be_v not_o any_o sort_n of_o coinage_n do_v or_o can_v keep_v your_o money_n here_o that_o whole_o and_o only_o depend_v upon_o the_o balance_n of_o your_o trade_n and_o have_v all_o the_o money_n in_o king_n charles_n the_o ii_o and_o king_n james_n the_o ii_o time_n be_v mint_v according_a to_o this_o new_a proposal_n this_o raise_a money_n will_v have_v be_v go_v as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o and_o the_o remainder_n be_v no_o more_o nor_o no_o less_o than_o it_o be_v now_o though_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o the_o mint_n will_v have_v coin_v as_o much_o of_o it_o as_o it_o have_v of_o our_o present_a milâ—ed_a money_n the_o short_a be_v this_o a_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n with_o spain_n bring_v you_o in_o bullion_n cheap_a coinage_n when_o it_o be_v here_o carry_v it_o into_o the_o mint_n and_o money_n be_v make_v of_o it_o but_o if_o your_o exportation_n will_v not_o balance_n your_o importation_n in_o the_o other_o part_n of_o your_o trade_n away_o must_v your_o silver_n go_v again_o whether_o moneyed_a or_o not_o money_v for_o where_o good_n do_v not_o silver_n must_v pay_v for_o the_o commodity_n you_o spend_v that_o this_o be_v so_o will_v appear_v by_o the_o book_n of_o the_o mint_n where_o may_v be_v see_v how_o much_o mill_v money_n have_v be_v coin_v in_o the_o two_o last_o reign_n and_o in_o a_o paper_n i_o have_v now_o in_o my_o hand_n suppose_v write_v by_o a_o man_n not_o whole_o ignorant_a in_o the_o mint_n it_o be_v confess_v that_o whereas_o 1_o â—_o of_o the_o current_a payment_n be_v some_o time_n since_o of_o milâ—ed_a money_n there_o be_v not_o now_o 1_o â—â—_o go_v than_o it_o be_v but_o let_v not_o any_o one_o mistake_n and_o think_v it_o go_v because_o in_o our_o present_a coinage_n a_o ounce_n want_v â—8_o grain_n be_v denominate_v a_o crownâ—_n or_o that_o as_o be_v now_o propose_v a_o 〈…〉_z about_o 40_o grain_n be_v 〈…〉_z denominate_v a_o 〈…〉_z it_o or_o will_v if_o our_o money_n be_v 〈…〉_z for_o the_o future_a fix_v it_o here_o coin_v what_o quantity_n of_o silver_n you_o please_v in_o one_o piece_n big_a or_o less_o and_o give_v it_o the_o denomination_n of_o a_o crown_n when_o your_o money_n be_v to_o go_v to_o pay_v your_o foreign_a debt_n or_o else_o it_o will_v not_o go_v out_o at_o all_o your_o heavy_a money_n i._n e._n that_o which_o be_v weight_n according_a to_o its_o denomination_n by_o the_o standard_n of_o the_o mint_n will_v be_v that_o which_o will_v be_v melt_v down_o or_o carry_v away_o in_o coin_n by_o the_o exporter_n whether_o the_o piece_n of_o each_o species_n be_v by_o the_o law_n great_a or_o less_o for_o whilst_o coinage_n be_v wholâ—y_o pay_v for_o by_o a_o tax_n whatever_o your_o size_n of_o money_n be_v he_o that_o have_v need_n of_o bullion_n to_o send_v beyond_o sea_n or_o of_o silver_n to_o make_v plate_n need_v but_o take_v mill_v money_n and_o melt_v it_o down_o and_o he_o have_v it_o as_o cheap_a as_o if_o it_o be_v in_o piece_n of_o eight_o or_o other_o silver_n come_v from_o abroad_o the_o stamp_n which_o so_o well_o secure_v the_o weight_n and_o fineness_n of_o the_o milled_a money_n cost_v nothing_o at_o all_o to_o this_o perhaps_o will_v be_v say_v that_o if_o this_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o milled_a money_n that_o it_o be_v so_o apt_a to_o be_v melt_v down_o it_o be_v better_a to_o return_v to_o the_o old_a way_n of_o coin_v by_o the_o hammer_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v by_o no_o mean_n for_o 1._o that_o way_n of_o coinage_n less_o secure_v you_o from_o have_v a_o great_a part_n of_o your_o money_n melt_v down_o for_o in_o that_o way_n there_o be_v a_o great_a inequality_n in_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o piece_n some_o be_v too_o heavy_a and_o some_o too_o light_a those_o who_o know_v how_o to_o make_v their_o advantage_n of_o it_o cull_v out_o the_o heavy_a piece_n melt_v they_o down_o and_o make_v a_o benefit_n of_o the_o over-weight_n 2._o coinage_n by_o the_o hammer_n expose_v you_o much_o more_o to_o the_o danger_n of_o false_a coin_n because_o the_o tool_n be_v easy_o make_v and_o conceal_v and_o the_o work_n carry_v on_o with_o few_o hand_n and_o less_o noise_n than_o a_o mill_n whereby_o false_a coiner_n be_v less_o liable_a to_o discovery_n 3._o the_o piece_n not_o be_v so_o round_o even_o and_o fair_o stamp_v nor_o mark_v on_o the_o edge_n be_v expose_v to_o clip_v which_o mill_v money_n be_v not_o mill'd-money_n be_v therefore_o certain_o best_a for_o the_o public_a but_o whatever_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o melt_v down_o our_o mill'd-money_n i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o raise_v our_o money_n as_o they_o call_v it_o will_v at_o all_o hinder_v its_o be_v melt_v down_o for_o if_o our_o crown-piece_n shall_v be_v coin_v 1_o 20_o light_a why_o shall_v that_o hinder_v they_o from_o be_v melt_v down_o more_o than_o now_o the_o intrinsique_n value_n of_o the_o silver_n be_v not_o alter_v as_o we_o have_v show_v already_o therefore_o that_o temptation_n to_o melt_v they_o down_o remain_v the_o same_o as_o before_o but_o they_o be_v light_a by_o 1_o 20._o that_o can_v hinder_v they_o from_o be_v melt_v down_o for_o half_a crown_n be_v light_a by_o half_a and_o yet_o that_o preserve_v they_o not_o but_o they_o be_v of_o less_o weight_n under_o the_o same_o denomination_n and_o therefore_o they_o will_v not_o be_v melt_v down_o that_o be_v true_a if_o any_o of_o these_o present_a crown_n that_o be_v 1_o â—0_n heavy_a be_v current_n for_o crown_n at_o the_o same_o time_n for_o than_o they_o will_v no_o more_o melt_v down_o the_o new_a light_a crown_n than_o they_o will_v the_o old_a clip_v one_o which_o be_v more_o worth_a in_o coin_n and_o tale_n than_o in_o weight_n and_o bullion_n but_o it_o can_v be_v suppose_v that_o man_n will_v part_v with_o their_o old_a and_o heavy_a money_n at_o the_o same_o rate_n that_o the_o light_a new_a coin_n go_v at_o and_o pay_v away_o their_o old_a crown_n for_o 5_o s._n in_o tale_n when_o at_o the_o mint_n they_o will_v yield_v they_o 5_o s._n 3_o d._n and_o then_o if_o a_o old_a mill_v crown_n go_v for_o 5_o s._n 3_o d._n and_o a_o new_a mill_v crown_n be_v so_o much_o light_a go_v for_o a_o crown_n what_o i_o pray_v will_v be_v the_o odds_o of_o melt_v down_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o the_o one_o have_v 1_o 20_o less_o silver_n in_o it_o and_o go_v for_o 1_o 20_o less_o and_o so_o be_v weight_n they_o be_v melt_v down_o upon_o equal_a term_n if_o it_o be_v a_o convenience_n to_o melt_v one_o it_o will_v be_v as_o much_o a_o convenience_n to_o melt_v the_o other_o just_a as_o it_o be_v the_o same_o convenience_n to_o melt_v miâ—led_v half_a crown_n as_o mill_v crown_n the_o one_o have_v with_o half_a the_o quantity_n of_o silver_n half_o the_o value_n when_o the_o money_n be_v all_o bring_v to_o the_o new_a rate_n i._n e._n to_o be_v â—_o 20_o light_a and_o commodity_n raise_v as_o they_o will_v proportionable_o what_o shall_v hinder_v the_o melt_a down_o of_o your_o money_n then_o more_o than_o now_o i_o will_v fain_o know_v if_o it_o be_v coin_v then_o as_o it_o be_v now_o gâ—â—tis_n a_o crown_n piece_n let_v it_o be_v of_o what_o weight_n soever_o will_v be_v as_o it_o be_v now_o just_a worth_n it_o be_v own_o weight_n in_o bullion_n of_o the_o same_o fineness_n for_o the_o coinage_n which_o be_v the_o manufacture_n about_o it_o and_o make_v all_o the_o difference_n â—â—â—â—ing_v nothing_o what_o can_v
make_v the_o difference_n of_o value_n and_o therefore_o whoever_o want_v bullion_n will_v as_o cheap_o melt_v down_o these_o new_a crown_n as_o buy_v bullion_n with_o they_o the_o raise_n of_o your_o money_n can_v then_o the_o act_n for_o free_a coinage_n stand_v hinder_v its_o be_v melt_v down_o nor_o in_o the_o next_o place_n much_o less_o can_v it_o as_o be_v pretend_v hinder_v the_o exportation_n of_o our_o bullion_n any_o denomination_n or_o stamp_n we_o shall_v give_v to_o silver_n here_o will_v neither_o give_v silver_n a_o high_a value_n in_o england_n nor_o make_v it_o less_o prize_v abroad_o so_o much_o silver_n will_v always_o be_v worth_a as_o we_o have_v already_o show_v so_o much_o silver_n give_v in_o exchange_n one_o for_o another_o nor_o will_v it_o when_o in_o your_o mint_n a_o less_o quantity_n of_o it_o be_v raise_v to_o a_o high_a denomination_n as_o when_o 19_o 20_o of_o a_o ounce_n have_v now_o the_o denomination_n of_o a_o crown_n which_o former_o belong_v only_o to_o the_o whole_a 20_o be_v one_o jot_n raise_v in_o respect_n of_o any_o other_o commodity_n you_o have_v raise_v the_o denomination_n of_o your_o stamp_a silver_n 1_o 20_o or_o which_o be_v all_o one_o 5_o per_fw-la cent._n and_o man_n will_v present_o raise_v their_o commodity_n 5_o per_fw-la cent._n so_o that_o if_o yesterday_o 20_o crown_n will_v exchange_v for_o 20_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n or_o 20_o yard_n of_o a_o certain_a sort_n of_o cloth_n if_o you_o will_v to_o day_n coin_v current_a crown_n 1_o 20_o light_a and_o make_v they_o the_o standard_n you_o will_v find_v 20_o crown_n will_v exchange_v for_o but_o 19_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n or_o 19_o yard_n of_o that_o cloth_n which_o will_v be_v just_a as_o much_o silver_n for_o a_o bushel_n as_o yesterday_o so_o that_o silver_n be_v of_o no_o more_o real_a value_n by_o your_o change_v your_o denomination_n and_o give_v it_o a_o less_o quantity_n this_o will_v no_o more_o bring_v in_o or_o keep_v your_o bullion_n here_o 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supposition_n that_o money_n in_o the_o kingdom_n where_o it_o be_v coin_v go_v not_o by_o weight_n i._n e._n be_v not_o value_v by_o its_o weight_n rem_fw-la it_o be_v true_a the_o owner_n of_o silver_n will_v find_v a_o good_a market_n for_o it_o and_o no_o other_o will_n be_v damage_v but_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o make_v plenty_n of_o money_n will_v be_v a_o advantage_n to_o all_o answ._n i_o grant_v it_o true_a that_o if_o your_o money_n be_v real_o raise_v 5_o per_fw-mi cent_z the_o owner_n of_o silver_n will_v get_v so_o much_o by_o it_o by_o bring_v it_o to_o the_o mint_n to_o be_v coin_v but_o since_o as_o be_v confess_v commodity_n will_v upon_o this_o raise_n your_o money_n be_v raise_v to_o 5_o per_fw-mi cent_z this_o alteration_n will_v be_v a_o advantage_n to_o no_o body_n but_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o mint_n rem_fw-la when_o standard_n silver_n be_v last_o raise_v at_o the_o mint_n which_o it_o be_v from_o 5_o s_z to_z 5_o s_z and_o 2_o d_o the_o ounce_n in_o the_o 43_o d_o of_o eliz._n and_o for_o above_o forty_o year_n after_o silver_n uncoined_a be_v not_o worth_a above_o 4_o s_z 10_o d_o the_o ounce_n which_o occasion_v much_o coin_n and_o of_o money_n none_o in_o those_o day_n be_v export_v whereas_o silver_n now_o be_v worth_a but_o the_o very_a same_o 5_o s_z and_o 2_o d_o the_o ounce_n still_o at_o the_o mint_n and_o be_v worth_a 5_o s_z 4_o d_o elsewhere_o so_o that_o if_o this_o bill_n now_o with_o the_o lord_n do_v not_o happen_v to_o pass_v there_o can_v never_o any_o silver_n be_v ever_o more_o coin_v at_o the_o mint_n and_o all_o the_o milled_a money_n will_v in_o a_o very_a little_a time_n more_o be_v destroy_v answ._n the_o reason_n of_o so_o much_o money_n coin_v in_o queen_n elizabeth_n time_n and_o afterward_o be_v not_o the_o lessen_v your_o crown_n piece_n from_o 480_o to_o 462_o gr_n and_o so_o proportionable_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o your_o money_n which_o be_v that_o the_o author_n call_v raise_v standard_n silver_n from_o 5_o s_z to_z 5_o s_z 2_o d_o the_o ounce_n but_o from_o the_o overbalance_n of_o your_o trade_n bring_v then_o in_o plenty_n of_o bullion_n and_o keep_v it_o here_o how_o standard_n silver_n for_o if_o the_o author_n speak_v of_o other_o silver_n it_o be_v a_o fallacy_n shall_v be_v worth_a it_o be_v own_o weight_n in_o standard_n silver_n at_o the_o mint_n i._n e._n 5_o s_z 2_o d_o the_o ounce_n and_o be_v worth_a more_o than_o its_o own_o weight_n in_o standard_n silver_n i._n e._n 5_o s_z 4_o d_o the_o ounce_n in_o lombardstreet_n be_v a_o paradox_n that_o no_o body_n i_o think_v will_v be_v able_a to_o comprehend_v till_o it_o be_v better_o explain_v it_o be_v time_n to_o give_v off_o coin_v if_o the_o value_n of_o standard_n silver_n be_v lessen_v by_o it_o as_o real_o it_o be_v if_o a_o ounce_n of_o coin_a standard_n silver_n will_v not_o exchange_v for_o a_o ounce_n of_o uncoined_a standard_n silver_n but_o a_o ounce_n of_o coin_a standard_n silver_n will_v not_o exchange_v for_o a_o ounce_n of_o uncoined_a standard_n silver_n unless_o you_o add_v 15_o or_o 16_o grain_n overplus_n to_o it_o which_o be_v what_o the_o author_n will_v have_v take_v upon_o his_o word_n when_o he_o say_v silver_n be_v worth_a five_o shilling_n four_o penny_n elsewhere_o five_o shilling_n four_o penny_n of_o money_n coin_v at_o the_o mint_n the_o author_n must_v allow_v to_o be_v at_o least_o 495_o grain_n a_o ounce_n be_v but_o 480_o grain_n how_o then_o a_o ounce_n of_o uncoined_a standard_n silver_n can_v be_v worth_a five_o shilling_n four_o penny_n i._n e._n how_o 480_o grain_n of_o uncoined_a standard_n silver_n can_v be_v worth_a 495_o grain_n of_o the_o same_o standard_n silver_n coin_v into_o money_n be_v unintelligible_a unless_o the_o coinage_n of_o our_o mint_n lessen_v the_o value_n of_o standard_n silver_n sir_n coin_n and_o interest_n be_v two_o thing_n of_o so_o great_a moment_n to_o the_o public_a and_o of_o so_o great_a concernment_n in_o trade_n that_o they_o ought_v very_o accurate_o to_o be_v examine_v into_o and_o very_o nice_o weigh_v upon_o any_o proposal_n of_o a_o alteration_n to_o be_v make_v in_o they_o i_o pretend_v not_o to_o have_v treat_v of_o they_o here_o as_o they_o deserve_v that_o must_v be_v the_o work_n of_o a_o able_a hand_n i_o have_v say_v something_o on_o thâ—se_a subject_n because_o you_o require_v it_o and_o i_o hope_v the_o readiness_n of_o my_o obedience_n will_v excuse_v to_o you_o the_o fault_n i_o have_v commit_v and_o assure_v you_o that_o i_o be_o sir_n your_o most_o humble_a servant_n finis_fw-la