riches_n as_o it_o have_v do_v in_o holland_n from_o italy_n i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o gain_v a_o certain_a account_n of_o their_o legal_a interest_n but_o be_o advise_v that_o no_o take_n of_o use-money_n be_v allow_v by_o their_o pontificial_a law_n the_o interest_n now_o take_v there_o which_o be_v general_o 4_o per_fw-mi cent_z be_v do_v only_o by_o dispensation_n of_o pope_n paul_n the_o five_o and_o that_o notwithstanding_o no_o man_n can_v recover_v interest_n of_o money_n there_o if_o the_o party_n who_o shall_v pay_v it_o can_v prove_v he_o have_v not_o gain_v the_o value_n of_o the_o interest_n demand_v now_o let_v the_o reader_n judge_n whether_o that_o practice_n of_o holland_n and_o this_o of_o italy_n where_o the_o romish_a churchman_n have_v so_o great_a power_n who_o be_v to_o take_v cognizance_n and_o may_v by_o their_o auricular_a confessor_n of_o all_o offence_n of_o this_o kind_n the_o law_n concern_v the_o use_n of_o money_n in_o those_o country_n be_v pontificial_a do_v not_o amount_v in_o effect_n to_o a_o low_a state_v interest_n by_o law_n in_o england_n but_o to_o deal_v more_o ingenuous_o with_o my_o opposer_n than_o he_o have_v do_v with_o i_o i_o will_v grant_v he_o that_o much_o riches_n will_v occasion_v in_o any_o kingdom_n a_o low_a rate_n of_o interest_n and_o yet_o that_o do_v not_o hinder_v but_o a_o low_a state_v interest_n by_o law_n may_v be_v a_o cause_n of_o riches_n for_o if_o trade_n be_v that_o which_o enrich_v any_o kingdom_n and_o lower_v of_o interest_n advance_v trade_n which_o i_o think_v be_v sufficient_o prove_v then_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n or_o more_o proper_o restrain_v of_o usury_n which_o the_o ancient_a roman_n and_o all_o other_o wise_a and_o rich_a people_n in_o the_o world_n do_v always_o drive_v at_o be_v doubtless_o a_o primary_n and_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o any_o nation_n it_o be_v not_o improper_a to_o say_v nor_o absurd_a to_o conceive_v that_o the_o same_o thing_n may_v be_v both_o a_o cause_n and_o a_o effect_n peace_n beget_v plenty_n and_o plenty_n may_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o preserve_v peace_n fear_n beget_v hatred_n and_o hatred_n fear_v the_o diligent_a hand_n make_v rich_a and_o riches_n make_v man_n diligent_a so_o true_a be_v the_o proverb_n crescit_fw-la amor_fw-la nummi_fw-la quantum_fw-la ipsa_fw-la pecunia_fw-la erescit_fw-la love_n we_o say_v beget_v love_n the_o fertility_n of_o a_o country_n may_v cause_v the_o increase_n of_o people_n and_o the_o increase_n of_o people_n may_v cause_v the_o further_o and_o great_a fertility_n of_o a_o country_n liberty_n and_o property_n conduce_v to_o the_o increase_n of_o trade_n and_o improvement_n of_o any_o country_n and_o the_o increase_n of_o trade_n and_o emprovement_n conduce_v to_o the_o procure_n as_o well_o as_o secure_n of_o liberty_n and_o property_n strength_n and_o health_n conduce_v to_o a_o good_a digestion_n and_o a_o good_a digestion_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o preservation_n of_o health_n and_o increase_n of_o strength_n and_o as_o a_o person_n of_o very_a great_a honour_n pertinent_o instance_a at_o a_o late_a debate_n upon_o this_o question_n a_o egg_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o a_o hen_n and_o a_o hen_n the_o cause_n of_o a_o egg._n the_o incomparable_a lord_n bacon_n in_o his_o history_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o say_v pag._n 245_o of_o that_o prince_n as_o well_o as_o other_o man_n that_o his_o fortune_n work_v upon_o his_o nature_n &_o his_o nature_n upon_o his_o fortune_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o nation_n the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n cause_v a_o increase_n of_o wealth_n and_o the_o increase_n of_o wealth_n may_v cause_v a_o further_a abatement_n of_o interest_n but_o that_o be_v best_a do_v by_o the_o midwifery_n of_o good_a law_n which_o be_v what_o i_o plead_v for_o the_o corrupt_a nature_n of_o man_n be_v more_o apt_a to_o decline_v to_o vice_n then_o incline_v to_o virtue_n folio_n 15._o he_o affirm_v land_n be_v not_o rise_v in_o purchase_n nor_o rent_n improve_v since_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n that_o i_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o to_o it_o be_v matter_n of_o fact_n and_o gentleman_n who_o be_v the_o owner_n of_o land_n be_v the_o best_a judge_n of_o this_o case_n only_o i_o will_v entreat_v they_o not_o to_o depend_v upon_o their_o memory_n alone_o but_o to_o command_v particular_a account_n to_o be_v give_v they_o what_o sum_n or_o sum_n of_o money_n be_v give_v 40_o or_o 50_o year_n pass_v for_o any_o entire_a farm_n or_o manor_n they_o now_o know_v and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o they_o will_v find_v that_o most_o of_o they_o will_v yield_v double_a the_o say_a sum_n of_o money_n now_o notwithstanding_o the_o present_a great_a pressure_n that_o land_n lie_v under_o which_o ought_v mature_o to_o be_v consider_v of_o when_o this_o judgement_n be_v make_v i_o rather_o desire_v the_o enquiry_n to_o be_v make_v upon_o the_o gross_a sum_n of_o money_n pay_v than_o the_o year_n purchase_v as_o be_v less_o fallible_a because_o many_o farm_n have_v be_v of_o late_a year_n so_o rack_v up_o in_o rent_n that_o it_o may_v be_v they_o will_v not_o yield_v more_o year_n purchase_v now_o according_a to_o the_o present_a rent_n than_o they_o will_v many_o year_n past_a and_o yet_o may_v yield_v double_a the_o money_n they_o be_v then_o buy_v or_o sell_v for_o because_o the_o rent_n be_v much_o less_o then_o fol._n 15._o he_o impertinent_o quarrel_n at_o my_o instance_n of_o ireland_n say_v i_o quote_v it_o sometime_o to_o prove_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o low_a interest_n pag._n 8._o and_o sometime_o the_o mischief_n of_o high_a interest_n pag._n 9_o which_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v a_o unfriendly_a way_n of_o prevaricate_a for_o pag._n 8._o i_o mention_v the_o late_a great_a improvement_n of_o ireland_n only_o as_o a_o accidental_a cause_n why_o our_o rent_n at_o that_o present_a fell_a and_o in_o this_o it_o appear_v i_o be_v not_o much_o mistake_v for_o within_o a_o few_o month_n after_o i_o first_o write_v that_o treatise_n the_o parliament_n take_v notice_n of_o it_o pag._n 9_o i_o mention_v that_o place_n among_o other_o that_o pay_v a_o high_a interest_n and_o be_v consequent_o very_o poor_a if_o there_o be_v any_o contradiction_n in_o this_o let_v the_o reader_n judge_n pag._n 16._o the_o gentleman_n puzle_v himself_o about_o find_v mistake_v in_o my_o calculation_n of_o the_o increase_n of_o merchant_n estate_n but_o discover_v none_o but_o his_o own_o so_o i_o shall_v not_o trouble_v the_o reader_n further_o about_o that_o all_o merchant_n grant_v i_o as_o much_o as_o i_o design_v by_o it_o though_o some_o of_o they_o have_v not_o or_o care_v not_o to_o observe_v the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n to_o have_v be_v the_o principal_a cause_n thereof_o fol._n 17._o because_o he_o can_v answer_v that_o large_a and_o pregnant_a instance_n of_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o low_a interest_n which_o i_o give_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o sugar-baker_n of_o london_n and_o those_o of_o holland_n which_o be_v but_o one_o of_o a_o hundred_o which_o i_o can_v have_v mention_v he_o endeavour_v to_o set_v up_o another_o of_o a_o contrary_a effect_n which_o be_v a_o weak_a ridiculous_a instance_n and_o nothing_o to_o his_o purpose_n for_o that_o commodity_n that_o i_o mention_v viz._n sugar_n be_v a_o solid_a bulky_a commodity_n always_o in_o fashion_n not_o consequent_a to_o humour_n as_o be_v that_o of_o silk-stocking_n 1000_o l._n worth_n whereof_o may_v be_v with_o less_o charge_n carry_v to_o italy_n than_o 30_o l._n worth_n of_o barbadoes_n sugar_n can_v be_v send_v to_o holland_n beside_o the_o reason_n why_o we_o of_o late_o send_v silk-stocking_n thither_o be_v accidental_a not_o natural_a only_o happen_v by_o mean_n of_o a_o engine_n wâ—_n have_v to_o weave_v they_o whereof_o they_o have_v not_o yet_o the_o use_n in_o italy_n beside_o wear_v thing_n be_v more_o esteem_v through_o fancy_n then_o judgement_n the_o italian_n may_v have_v the_o same_o vanity_n which_o be_v too_o much_o among_o we_o to_o esteem_v that_o which_o be_v none_o of_o their_o own_o make_n as_o we_o do_v french_a ribond_n and_o the_o frenchman_n english_a one_o beside_o he_o be_v mistake_v in_o say_v we_o bring_v the_o silk_n we_o make_v they_o of_o from_o italy_n for_o the_o silk_n of_o which_o we_o make_v that_o commodity_n be_v turkey_n not_o italian_n silk_n fol._n 18._o the_o gentleman_n begin_v to_o be_v kind_a and_o find_v i_o out_o of_o the_o way_n pretend_v to_o set_v i_o right_n viz._n to_o instruct_v i_o as_o first_o what_o will_v bring_v down_o interest_n one_a multitude_n of_o people_n two_o a_o full_a trade_n three_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n i_o answer_v that_o i_o have_v i_o think_v prove_v that_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n will_v effect_v the_o two_o former_a
and_o i_o think_v my_o opposer_n be_v not_o clear_v sight_v if_o he_o can_v discern_v that_o the_o latter_a in_o a_o due_a and_o regulate_v proportion_n must_v be_v a_o consequent_a of_o they_o in_o the_o next_o place_n the_o gentleman_n find_v i_o at_o a_o loss_n as_o he_o say_v for_o the_o reason_n of_o our_o great_a trade_n at_o present_a will_v help_v i_o as_o well_o as_o he_o can_v i_o answer_v those_o latter_a word_n as_o well_o as_o he_o can_v be_v well_o put_v in_o for_o as_o yet_o he_o have_v tell_v i_o no_o news_n nor_o give_v any_o shadow_n of_o reason_n that_o i_o know_v not_o before_o and_o have_v mature_o consider_v on_o many_o year_n before_o i_o write_v the_o first_o treatise_n the_o reason_n he_o give_v for_o our_o present_a greatness_n of_o trade_n be_v first_o our_o cast_v off_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n second_o the_o statute_n in_o henry_n the_o 7_o th_n time_n prohibit_v noble_a man_n retainer_n and_o make_v their_o land_n liable_a to_o the_o payment_n of_o debt_n three_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o east_n and_o west-india_n trade_n pag._n 19_o 20._o to_o his_o first_o and_o second_o reason_n i_o answer_v that_o those_o statute_n of_o henry_n the_o 7_o the_o and_o our_o cast_v off_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n do_v long_o precede_v our_o be_v any_o thing_n in_o trade_n which_o begin_v not_o until_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n and_o afterward_o increase_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n james_n and_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o as_o we_o abate_v our_o interest_n and_o not_o otherwise_o there_o be_v a_o person_n yet_o live_v and_o but_o 77_o year_n of_o age_n viz._n captain_n russel_n of_o wapping_n who_o assure_v i_o he_o can_v remember_v since_o we_o have_v not_o above_o three_o merchant_n ship_n of_o 300_o tun_n and_o upward_o belong_v to_o england_n second_o that_o in_o italy_n where_o there_o be_v no_o such_o statute_n for_o abridgement_n of_o noble_a man_n retainer_n nor_o cast_v off_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n there_o be_v notwithstanding_o a_o very_a great_a trade_n and_o land_n at_o from_o 35_o to_o 40_o year_n purchase_v which_o sufficient_o show_v that_o a_o low_a interest_n be_v absolute_o and_o principal_o necessary_a and_o that_o the_o other_o particular_n alone_o will_v not_o do_v to_o the_o procure_n of_o those_o end_n although_o a_o low_a interest_n single_o do_v it_o in_o italy_n to_o his_o three_o reason_n i_o answer_v that_o there_o be_v some_o man_n yet_o live_v who_o do_v remember_v a_o great_a trade_n to_o east-india_n and_o a_o far_o great_a stock_n employ_v therein_o than_o we_o have_v now_o and_o yet_o we_o be_v so_o far_o from_o thrive_a upon_o it_o that_o we_o lose_v by_o it_o and_o can_v never_o see_v our_o principal_a money_n again_o nor_o ever_o do_v we_o great_o prosper_v upon_o it_o till_o our_o interest_n be_v much_o abate_v by_o law_n nor_o ever_o shall_v mate_v the_o dutch_a in_o it_o till_o our_o interest_n be_v as_o low_a as_o they_o the_o like_a in_o a_o great_a measure_n be_v true_a in_o our_o west-india_n trade_n we_o never_o get_v considerable_a by_o they_o till_o our_o last_o abatement_n of_o interest_n from_o 8_o to_o 6_o per_fw-la cent._n pag._n 21_o 22._o he_o labour_v to_o prove_v that_o if_o we_o will_v have_v trade_n to_o flourish_v and_o land_n high_a we_o must_v imitate_v the_o hollander_n in_o their_o practice_n which_o in_o matter_n of_o trade_n i_o know_v be_v most_o certain_a so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v consistent_a with_o the_o government_n of_o our_o own_o country_n and_o the_o first_o and_o ready_a thing_n wherein_o we_o can_v imitate_v they_o be_v to_o reduce_v our_o interest_n of_o money_n to_o a_o low_a rate_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o father_n and_o they_o do_v it_o before_o we_o which_o will_v natural_o lead_v we_o to_o all_o the_o other_o advantage_n in_o trade_n which_o they_o now_o use_v 1._o for_o if_o interest_n be_v abate_v to_o 4_o per_fw-mi cent_z who_o will_v not_o that_o can_v leave_v his_o child_n any_o competent_a estate_n of_o 1000_o or_o 2000_o l._n each_o bring_v they_o up_o to_o write_v arithmetic_n and_o merchant_n account_n and_o instruct_v they_o in_o trade_n well_o know_v that_o the_o bare_a use_n of_o their_o money_n or_o the_o product_n of_o it_o in_o land_n will_v scarce_o keep_v they_o 2._o must_v not_o all_o person_n live_v low_a in_o expense_n when_o all_o trade_n will_v be_v less_o gainful_a to_o individual_n though_o more_o profitable_a to_o the_o public_a 3._o will_v it_o not_o put_v we_o upon_o building_n as_o bulky_a and_o cheap_a sail_a ship_n as_o they_o 4._o will_v it_o not_o bring_v trade_n to_o be_v so_o familiar_a among_o we_o that_o our_o gentleman_n who_o be_v in_o our_o great_a council_n will_v come_v to_o understand_v it_o and_o according_o contrive_v law_n in_o favour_n of_o it_o 5._o will_v not_o nay_o have_v it_o not_o already_o bring_v we_o to_o lower_v our_o custom_n upon_o our_o own_o native_a commodity_n and_o manufacture_n 6._o will_v it_o not_o in_o time_n bring_v we_o to_o transfer_v bill_n of_o debt_n be_v not_o necessity_n the_o mother_n of_o invention_n and_o that_o old_a proverb_n true_a facile_fw-la est_fw-la inventis_fw-la addere_fw-la there_o be_v in_o my_o poor_a opinion_n nothing_o conducible_a to_o the_o good_a of_o trade_n that_o we_o shall_v not_o by_o one_o accident_n or_o other_o hit_v upon_o when_o we_o have_v attain_v this_o fundamental_a point_n and_o be_v thereby_o necessitate_v to_o follow_v and_o keep_v to_o our_o trade_n from_o generation_n to_o generation_n 7._o do_v we_o not_o see_v that_o even_o as_o the_o world_n now_o go_v dies_fw-la diem_fw-la docet_fw-la scarce_o a_o session_n of_o parliament_n pass_v without_o make_v some_o good_a act_n for_o the_o better_n of_o trade_n and_o pare_v off_o the_o extravagancy_n of_o the_o law_n for_o which_o end_v this_o last_o session_n produce_v three_o that_o about_o the_o silk-throwsters_a that_o about_o transportation_n of_o hides_n etc._n etc._n that_o about_o writ_n of_o error_n 8._o will_v not_o the_o full_a understanding_n of_o trade_n acquire_v by_o experience_n and_o never_o want_v to_o any_o people_n that_o make_v it_o their_o constant_a business_n to_o follow_v trade_n as_o we_o must_v do_v when_o interest_n shall_v be_v at_o 4_o per_fw-mi cent_z quick_o bring_v we_o to_o find_v our_o advantage_n in_o permit_v all_o â—_z to_o cohabit_n trade_n and_o purchase_v land_n among_o â—s_n upon_o as_o easy_a term_n as_o the_o dutch_a do_v will_v not_o the_o consequence_n of_o this_o law_n by_o augment_v the_o value_n of_o land_n bring_v we_o in_o time_n to_o regular_a and_o just_a enclosement_n of_o our_o forest_n commons_o and_o waste_v and_o make_v our_o small_a river_n navigable_a the_o high_a improvement_n that_o this_o land_n be_v capable_a of_o and_o have_v not_o these_o last_o 50_o year_n since_o the_o several_a abatement_n of_o interest_n produce_v more_o of_o these_o profitable_a work_n then_o 200_o year_n before_o will_v not_o the_o consequence_n of_o this_o law_n discover_v to_o we_o the_o vanity_n and_o opposition_n to_o trade_n that_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v in_o many_o of_o our_o statute_n yet_o in_o force_n such_o as_o these_o fâ—llowing_v viz._n one_a the_o statute_n of_o bankrupt_a as_o they_o be_v now_o use_v in_o many_o case_n more_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o honest_a dealer_n than_o the_o bankrupt_a himself_o by_o compel_a man_n often_o time_n to_o refund_v money_n receive_v of_o the_o bankrupt_a for_o ware_n justlâ—_n sell_v and_o deliver_v he_o long_o before_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o the_o seller_n to_o discover_v the_o buyeâ—_n to_o be_v a_o brankrupt_a two_o such_o be_v our_o law_n limit_v the_o price_n of_o beer_n and_o ale_n to_o one_o penny_n per_fw-la quartfield_n which_o bar_v we_o from_o all_o improvement_n and_o imitation_n of_o foreign_a liquor_n make_v of_o corn_n common_o call_v mom_o spruce-beer_n rosteker-beer_n which_o may_v and_o be_v make_v in_o england_n and_o will_v occasion_v the_o profitable_a consumption_n of_o a_o incredible_a quantity_n of_o our_o grain_n and_o prove_v a_o great_a aâ—dition_n to_o his_o majesty_n revenue_n of_o excise_n expend_v abundance_n of_o coal_n in_o long_a boil_a of_o those_o commodity_n employ_v many_o hand_n in_o the_o manufacture_n of_o they_o as_o well_o as_o ship_n in_o transportation_n of_o they_o not_o only_o to_o all_o our_o own_o plantation_n in_o america_n but_o to_o many_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n three_o our_o law_n against_o engross_a corn_n and_o other_o commodity_n there_o be_v no_o person_n more_o beneficial_a to_o trade_n in_o a_o nation_n than_o engrosser_n which_o will_v be_v a_o worthy_a employment_n for_o our_o present_a usurer_n and_o render_v they_o true_o useful_a to_o their_o country_n four_o such_o
account_n or_o account_n of_o merchant_n freight_n of_o ship_n or_o good_n bill_n or_o bill_n of_o exchange_n or_o bill_n of_o bottomry_n or_o bumery_n or_o for_o work_n do_v upon_o or_o material_n deliver_v to_o the_o use_n of_o any_o ship_n or_o money_n due_a for_o sale_n of_o good_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n relate_v to_o trade_n or_o ship_n 3._o that_o any_o three_o or_o more_o of_o they_o as_o the_o judge_n late_o do_v at_o clifford_n inn_n may_v proceed_v sumary_o to_o the_o hear_n and_o determine_v of_o any_o such_o difference_n and_o that_o their_o sentence_n shall_v be_v final_a from_o which_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o appeal_n or_o review_n otherwise_o then_o as_o be_v hereafter_o mention_v nor_o any_o writ_n of_o error_n lie_v for_o the_o removal_n or_o reversal_a of_o the_o same_o 4._o that_o they_o or_o any_o three_o of_o they_o may_v so_o issue_v out_o summon_v for_o convening_n all_o person_n before_o they_o aâ—_n the_o judge_n do_v etc._n etc._n 5._o that_o they_o be_v a_o court_n of_o record_n 〈◊〉_d the_o judge_n be_v etc._n etc._n 6._o that_o they_o take_v nothing_o for_o their_o own_o pain_n direct_o or_o indirect_o but_o six_o peâ—ce_n each_o for_o sign_v every_o final_a order_n in_o every_o cause_n whereof_o the_o value_n of_o the_o money_n to_o be_v pay_v do_v not_o exceed_v 10_o l._n and_o 12_o d._n for_o all_o cause_n not_o exceed_v 100_o l._n and_o only_o 2_o '_o s._n each_o for_o all_o cause_n exceed_v the_o value_n of_o 100_o l._n the_o say_v fee_n to_o be_v due_a and_o payable_a only_o to_o such_o and_o so_o many_o of_o the_o say_a judiciary_n merchant_n as_o hear_v the_o say_a cause_n and_o cause_n and_o sign_v the_o judgement_n or_o final_a decree_n in_o they_o 7._o that_o for_o reward_n to_o officer_n the_o judiciary_n merchant_n do_v constitute_v a_o table_n of_o reasonable_a fee_n to_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o two_o lord_n cheif-justice_n and_o lord_n chief_a baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n 8._o that_o in_o any_o case_n determine_v by_o a_o less_o number_n than_o seven_o of_o the_o say_a judiciary_n merchant_n there_o may_v be_v a_o appeal_n to_o seven_o or_o more_o as_o be_v late_o practise_v in_o the_o aforementioned_a judicature_n 9_o that_o they_o may_v have_v power_n to_o levy_v execution_n upon_o estate_n real_a or_o personal_a with_o such_o restriction_n as_o the_o parliament_n shall_v please_v to_o appoint_v 10._o that_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o say_a court_n shall_v be_v to_o all_o place_n within_o ten_o mile_n of_o london_n or_o only_o to_o the_o late_a line_n of_o communication_n as_o the_o parliament_n shall_v think_v fit_a 11._o that_o the_o say_a judiciary_n merchant_n and_o their_o officer_n before_o they_o exercise_v their_o authority_n take_v such_o oath_n as_o the_o parliament_n shall_v please_v to_o appoint_v 12._o that_o if_o any_o of_o the_o judiciary_n merchant_n be_v prosecute_v for_o exercise_v any_o of_o the_o power_n that_o shall_v be_v commit_v to_o they_o they_o may_v plead_v the_o general_a issue_n and_o give_v the_o act_n in_o evidence_n for_o their_o defence_n 13._o that_o no_o writ_n or_o writ_n of_o superâ—edeas_fw-la certiorary_a or_o injunction_n out_o of_o any_o of_o his_o majesty_n court_n shall_v supercee_v or_o stay_v execution_n etc._n etc._n 14._o the_o act_n to_o continue_v probationary_o so_o long_o as_o the_o parliament_n shall_v think_v fit_a 15._o that_o the_o twelve_o judiciary_n merchant_n shall_v be_v choose_v yearly_o by_o all_o the_o freeman_n that_o be_v livery-man_n of_o london_n in_o the_o guild-hall_n of_o the_o say_a city_n or_o by_o so_o many_o of_o they_o as_o shall_v be_v present_a at_o such_o election_n upon_o every_o monday_n yearly_o next_o before_o the_o feast_n day_n of_o st_n michael_n or_o as_o the_o parliament_n shall_v appoint_v in_o manner_n follow_v every_o livery-man_n then_o present_a to_o deliver_v unto_o any_o two_o such_o alderman_n and_o four_o commoner_n as_o the_o lord_n mayor_n and_o court_n of_o alderman_n for_o the_o time_n be_v shall_v appoint_v to_o take_v the_o view_n or_o scrutiny_n of_o election_n a_o paper_n contain_v the_o name_n of_o such_o twelve_o person_n as_o he_o think_v best_a to_o be_v elect_v for_o the_o purpose_n afore_o say_v set_v his_o the_o say_a elector_n own_o name_n on_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o say_a paper_n and_o the_o next_o monday_n after_o in_o the_o say_a guild-hall_n the_o say_v two_o alderman_n and_o four_o commoner_n or_o so_o many_o of_o they_o as_o shall_v have_v take_v the_o scrutiney_a shall_v public_o declare_v unto_o the_o lord_n mayor_n aldermen_z and_z commoners_z then_o present_a who_o be_v the_o twelve_o person_n choose_v by_o the_o majority_n of_o vote_n and_o how_o many_o vote_n each_o of_o they_o have_v 16._o if_o it_o happen_v that_o any_o of_o the_o judiciary_n merchant_n die_v before_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n or_o refuse_v to_o undertake_v the_o trust_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o livery-man_n to_o choose_v another_o or_o other_o toties_fw-la quoties_fw-la and_o the_o lord_n mayor_n be_v enjoin_v to_o summon_v common-hall_n to_o that_o purpose_n 17._o that_o every_o year_n six_o of_o the_o old_a judiciary_n merchant_n go_v off_o in_o course_n and_o be_v uncapable_a of_o be_v re-elected_n and_o six_o new_a one_o choose_v in_o their_o stead_n viz._n all_o the_o twelve_o to_o be_v re-chosen_a but_o only_o six_o of_o the_o old_a one_o that_o have_v the_o most_o voice_n to_o hold_v next_o year_n although_o more_o of_o they_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v elect_v for_o the_o next_o year_n object_n 1._o the_o many_o objection_n that_o i_o can_v foresee_v will_v be_v make_v against_o this_o constitution_n be_v that_o it_o thwart_v that_o most_o excellent_a order_n of_o our_o english_a jury_n answ._n 1._o i_o answer_v that_o i_o hope_v there_o be_v no_o english_a man_n more_o in_o love_n with_o jury_n than_o myself_o but_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o common_a way_n of_o trial_n do_v not_o well_o reach_v the_o variety_n and_o strangeness_n of_o merchant_n case_n especial_o in_o relation_n to_o foreign_a affair_n answ._n 2._o what_o better_a jury_n can_v a_o merchant_n hope_v for_o than_o twelve_o able_a and_o honest_a merchant_n choose_v by_o the_o collective_a body_n of_o the_o whole_a city_n and_o such_o as_o shall_v all_o of_o they_o stand_v upon_o their_o good_a behaviour_n to_o be_v turn_v out_o with_o ignominy_n the_o next_o year_n if_o they_o do_v not_o equal_a right_n to_o all_o man_n object_n 2._o the_o admit_v of_o no_o appeal_v from_o a_o court-merchant_n seem_v too_o arbitrary_a i_o answer_v while_o we_o choose_v our_o judge_n ourselves_o for_o merchant_n case_n and_o may_v remove_v they_o ourselves_o in_o my_o opinion_n they_o can_v be_v no_o more_o too_o arbitrary_a than_o too_o much_o power_n can_v be_v give_v to_o referee_n when_o both_o party_n desire_v a_o end_n of_o their_o difference_n beside_o if_o their_o power_n be_v not_o great_a the_o many_o design_n of_o cheap_a speedy_a and_o short_a issue_n will_v be_v lose_v but_o if_o it_o shall_v please_v the_o parliament_n there_o may_v be_v in_o the_o act_n a_o appeal_n reserve_v to_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n the_o money_n condemn_v to_o be_v first_o pay_v or_o deposit_v before_o the_o appeal_n be_v allow_v chap._n vii_o concern_v naturalisation_n that_o a_o act_n of_o naturalisation_n of_o stranger_n will_v tend_v to_o the_o advancement_n of_o trade_n and_o increase_v of_o the_o value_n of_o the_o land_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v now_o so_o general_o own_v and_o assent_v to_o by_o all_o degree_n of_o man_n among_o we_o that_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o a_o short_a time_n will_v produce_v some_o act_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o that_o purpose_n i_o have_v therefore_o think_v it_o not_o impertinent_a to_o note_v some_o few_o particular_n which_o if_o not_o wary_o prevent_v may_v deprive_v we_o of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o fruit_n hope_v for_o by_o so_o good_a a_o design_n viz._n one_a the_o privilege_n of_o encorporated_a city_n and_o to_n two_o more_o especial_o the_o society_n of_o artificer_n and_o tradesman_n belong_v to_o some_o city_n and_o town_n corporate_a such_o as_o weaver_n cooper_n and_o many_o other_o who_o by_o virtue_n of_o their_o charter_n pretend_v to_o privilege_n and_o jurisdiction_n not_o only_o to_o the_o utmost_a extent_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o their_o respective_a city_n and_o town_n but_o to_o the_o distance_n of_o ten_o mile_n about_o they_o 3._o that_o branch_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o the_o of_o elizabeth_n which_o enact_v that_o none_o shall_v use_v any_o manual_a occupation_n that_o have_v not_o serve_v a_o apprenticeship_n thereunto_o upon_o which_o statute_n it_o have_v be_v usual_a to_o indict_v stranger_n workman_n that_o have_v exercise_v their_o calling_n
license_v november_n the_o 18_o 1689._o and_o enter_v according_a to_o order_n a_o discourse_n about_o trade_n wherein_o the_o reduction_n of_o interest_n of_o money_n to_o 4_o l._n per_fw-la centum_fw-la be_v recommend_v method_n for_o the_o employment_n and_o maintenance_n of_o the_o poor_a be_v propose_v several_a weighty_a point_n relate_v to_o company_n of_o merchant_n the_o act_n of_o navigation_n naturalisation_n of_o stranger_n our_o woollen_a manufacture_n the_o balance_n of_o trade_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o plantation_n and_o their_o consequence_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o kingdom_n be_v serious_o discuss_v and_o some_o argument_n for_o erect_v a_o court_n of_o merchant_n for_o determine_a controversy_n relate_v to_o maritime_a affair_n and_o for_o a_o law_n for_o transferrance_n of_o bill_n of_o debt_n be_v humble_o offer_v never_o before_o print_v print_a by_o a_o soul_n at_o the_o crooked-billet_a in_o holloway-lane_n and_o sell_v at_o the_o three_o key_n in_o nags-head-court_n grace-church-street_n 1690._o the_o publisher_n to_o the_o reader_n the_o follow_a sheet_n be_v write_v as_o the_o reader_n will_v observe_v by_o the_o content_n soon_o after_o the_o dreadful_a fire_n which_o happen_v in_o london_n in_o the_o year_n 1666._o they_o fall_v very_o accidental_o into_o my_o hand_n in_o manuscript_n as_o they_o have_v ever_o since_o continue_v this_o last_o summer_n and_o have_v in_o my_o conversation_n in_o the_o world_n hear_v several_a of_o the_o proposition_n therein_o discuss_v frequent_o contra_v i_o do_v set_v myself_o with_o some_o curiosity_n to_o run_v they_o over_o and_o in_o do_v it_o discern_v as_o i_o think_v much_o experimental_a truth_n and_o reason_n and_o a_o more_o than_o ordinary_a life_n and_o spirit_n for_o the_o public_a good_a in_o the_o whole_a work_n i_o therefore_o make_v suit_n to_o the_o judicious_a &_o worthy_a author_n to_o permit_v i_o to_o the_o same_o end_n for_o which_o it_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v at_o the_o first_o write_v to_o hand_n it_o over_o to_o some_o of_o our_o best_a patriot_n to_o which_o he_o be_v please_v to_o concede_fw-la i_o begin_v to_o transcribe_v it_o but_o find_v that_o that_o will_v prove_v a_o tedious_a task_n and_o that_o that_o way_n will_v confine_v this_o excellent_a treatise_n to_o too_o narrow_a bound_n i_o have_v presume_v thus_o to_o emit_v it_o to_o the_o world_n i_o may_v not_o divulge_v the_o author_n name_n but_o this_o i_o may_v true_o say_v he_o be_v no_o trader_n neither_o pay_v any_o use_n for_o money_n but_o receive_v a_o great_a deal_n yearly_a and_o have_v to_o my_o knowledge_n a_o considerable_a estate_n in_o land_n and_o therefore_o the_o most_o invidious_a can_v conceive_v he_o have_v any_o private_a or_o selfish_a end_n in_o the_o follow_a discourse_n i_o have_v in_o my_o time_n be_v privy_a to_o and_o frequent_o concern_v in_o the_o buy_n and_o sell_v of_o much_o land_n and_o i_o find_v every_o thing_n he_o say_v at_o that_o time_n so_o true_a of_o the_o then_o low_a rate_n of_o land_n as_o be_v his_o prediction_n of_o its_o rise_n in_o purchase_n so_o soon_o as_o that_o lazy_a way_n of_o usury_n by_o bankeer_v shall_v be_v break_v that_o i_o be_o moral_o confident_a if_o the_o parliament_n shall_v be_v please_v to_o abate_v the_o interest_n of_o money_n by_o a_o law_n to_o 4_o l._n per_fw-la cent._n we_o shall_v as_o certain_o see_v land_n in_o england_n as_o general_o sell_v at_o twenty_o five_o year_n purchase_v within_o five_o year_n after_o such_o a_o law_n as_o we_o do_v see_v they_o about_o the_o time_n the_o follow_a discourse_n be_v write_v sell_v at_o seventeen_o year_n purchase_n and_o as_o we_o do_v now_o see_v land_n current_o sell_v at_o twenty_o year_n purchase_n and_o upward_o i_o take_v occasion_n in_o my_o discourse_n with_o the_o author_n to_o observe_v to_o he_o that_o though_o land_n in_o general_n be_v rise_v in_o sale_n as_o he_o foresee_v to_o twenty_o year_n purchase_n or_o more_o that_o yet_o marsh_n and_o feed_v ground_n be_v abate_v in_o rent_n to_o the_o tenant_n at_o least_o 20_o or_o 30_o l._n per_fw-la cent._n he_o grant_v i_o to_o be_v in_o the_o right_a herein_o and_o impute_v the_o cause_n thereof_o partly_o to_o the_o prohibition_n of_o irish_a cattle_n and_o partly_o to_o the_o late_a general_a practice_n of_o sow_a clover_n saint-foyne_a rye-grass_n and_o other_o grass-seed_n upon_o which_o i_o ask_v he_o whether_o he_o think_v it_o will_v not_o tend_v to_o the_o public_a good_a to_o prohibit_v by_o a_o law_n the_o sow_v of_o those_o seed_n he_o say_v by_o no_o mean_n honest_a industry_n and_o invention_n be_v never_o to_o be_v obstruct_v by_o law_n i_o query_v then_o why_o usury_n shall_v be_v check_v by_o a_o law_n he_o reply_v that_o in_o the_o trade_n of_o usury_n there_o be_v neither_o industry_n not_o invention_n but_o idleness_n and_o oppression_n and_o that_o all_o christian_a church_n as_o well_o as_o most_o particular_a eminent_a divine_n ever_o since_o our_o saviour_n christ_n time_n have_v condemn_v usury_n as_o sinful_a the_o foregoing_a discourse_n lead_v to_o another_o great_a question_n whether_o foreign_a commodity_n such_o as_o tend_v to_o nourish_v vice_n and_o luxury_n ought_v not_o for_o the_o public_a good_a to_o be_v prohibit_v by_o a_o law_n or_o by_o load_v they_o with_o a_o deep_a custom_n such_o as_o wine_n brandy_n sugar_n tobacco_n etc._n etc._n and_o i_o be_o humble_o of_o opinion_n with_o the_o most_o profound_a submission_n to_o all_o my_o superior_n who_o proper_a business_n it_o be_v to_o agree_v and_o constitute_v law_n that_o it_o be_v not_o for_o the_o public_a good_a to_o load_v even_o such_o commodity_n with_o so_o great_a a_o duty_n as_o do_v or_o may_v ruin_v our_o plantation_n or_o total_o prevent_v the_o english_a from_o a_o possibility_n of_o supply_v the_o eastern_a and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n with_o these_o commodity_n because_o by_o so_o do_v we_o give_v away_o the_o most_o precious_a of_o all_o our_o trade_n a_o great_a part_n of_o our_o navigation_n to_o our_o wise_a neighbour_n the_o dutch_a who_o have_v rather_o pay_v their_o twenty_o penny_n twice_o a_o year_n than_o lose_v their_o trade_n to_o the_o baltic_a with_o salt_n wine_n brandy_n tobacco_n etc._n etc._n i_o may_v say_v too_o with_o chestnut_n and_o walnut_n as_o inconsiderable_a as_o their_o value_n be_v every_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v prize_v above_o gold_n that_o increase_v the_o navigation_n of_o any_o country_n especial_o that_o of_o this_o island_n of_o england_n i_o have_v be_v always_o a_o advocate_n for_o liberty_n and_o a_o enemy_n to_o persecution_n for_o matter_n of_o religion_n and_o so_o i_o be_o confident_a be_v the_o gentleman_n our_o worthy_a author_n as_o the_o follow_a tract_n clear_o evince_n and_o by_o so_o do_v give_v the_o reason_n why_o this_o admirable_a work_n have_v till_o now_o lie_v in_o obscurity_n the_o policy_n and_o council_n of_o the_o late_a reign_v constant_o discountenance_v that_o excellent_a principle_n and_o because_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n be_v frequent_o touch_v in_o this_o ensue_a discourse_n and_o declare_v to_o be_v a_o principal_a mean_n to_o advance_v the_o public_a good_a of_o this_o kingdom_n viz._n trade_n which_o it_o be_v evident_a be_v the_o real_a and_o only_a design_n of_o this_o treatise_n i_o shall_v take_v the_o freedom_n to_o tell_v my_o thought_n very_o plain_o in_o relation_n to_o it_o i_o remember_v that_o great_a master_n of_o historian_n cornelius_n tacitus_n say_v of_o the_o incomparable_a roman_a emperor_n nerva_n that_o he_o do_v reconcile_v res_fw-la olim_fw-la insociabiles_fw-la thing_n never_o before_o adjust_v the_o freedom_n of_o all_o man_n with_o the_o sole_a command_n of_o one_o such_o a_o prince_n i_o hope_v and_o very_o believe_v god_n almighty_a in_o abundant_a mercy_n to_o this_o poor_a nation_n have_v send_v we_o in_o his_o present_a majesty_n our_o true_o good_a and_o gracious_a sovereign_a king_n william_n the_o favourite_n of_o heaven_n and_o delight_n of_o man_n under_o who_o we_o may_v most_o undoubted_o be_v the_o happy_a people_n upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n if_o we_o will_v but_o we_o shall_v never_o attain_v that_o happiness_n and_o hand_n it_o over_o to_o posterity_n except_o we_o all_o as_o well_o dissenter_n as_o church_n of_o england_n man_n do_v sincere_o and_o cordial_o endeavour_v to_o imitate_v the_o wisdom_n and_o goodness_n of_o that_o memorable_a prince_n nerva_n to_o reconcile_v thing_n former_o unsociable_a viz._n liberty_n of_o conscience_n to_o all_o with_o the_o preservation_n of_o one_o entire_a vniform_a national_a church_n in_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o all_o the_o public_a revenue_n thereof_o these_o two_o thing_n in_o my_o most_o unbiased_a retire_a thought_n be_v so_o far_o from_o contradiction_n that_o as_o our_o people_n in_o england_n be_v
the_o dutch_a with_o who_o we_o principal_o contend_v in_o trade_n give_v general_o more_o wage_n to_o all_o their_o manufacturer_n by_o at_o least_o two_o penny_n in_o the_o shilling_n than_o the_o english_a 2_o dly_z wherever_o wage_n be_v high_a universal_o throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n it_o be_v a_o infallible_a evidence_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o that_o country_n and_o wherever_o wage_n for_o labour_n run_v low_a it_o be_v a_o proof_n of_o the_o poverty_n of_o that_o place_n 3_o dly_z it_o be_v multitude_n of_o people_n and_o good_a law_n such_o as_o cause_v a_o increase_n of_o people_n which_o principal_o enrich_v any_o country_n and_o if_o we_o retrench_v by_o law_n the_o labour_n of_o our_o people_n we_o drive_v they_o from_o we_o to_o other_o country_n that_o give_v better_a rate_n and_o so_o the_o dutch_a have_v drain_v we_o of_o our_o seaman_n and_o woollen_a manufacturer_n and_o we_o the_o french_a of_o their_o artificer_n and_o silk_n manufacturer_n and_o of_o many_o more_o we_o shall_v if_o our_o law_n otherwise_o give_v they_o fit_v encouragement_n whereof_o more_o in_o due_a place_n 4_o thly_a if_o any_o particular_a trade_n exact_v more_o here_o then_o in_o holland_n they_o be_v only_o such_o as_o do_v it_o by_o virtue_n of_o incorporation_n privilege_n and_o charter_n whereof_o the_o cure_n be_v easy_a by_o a_o act_n of_o naturalisation_n and_o without_o compulsitory_a law_n it_o be_v true_a our_o great_a great_a grandfather_n do_v exercise_v such_o a_o policy_n of_o endeavour_v to_o retrench_v the_o price_n of_o labour_n by_o a_o law_n although_o they_o can_v never_o effect_v it_o but_o that_o be_v before_o trade_n be_v introduce_v into_o this_o kingdom_n we_o be_v since_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o trade_n world_n grow_v wise_a in_o this_o matter_n and_o i_o hope_v shall_v so_o continue_v the_o next_o new_a objection_n the_o gentleman_n have_v be_v page_n 13._o if_o we_o abate_v interest_n say_v he_o will_v not_o the_o hollander_n take_v the_o same_o course_n while_o we_o like_v child_n wink_v and_o think_v no_o body_n see_v we_o yes_o certain_o the_o dutch_a will_v take_v the_o same_o course_n except_o they_o leave_v their_o old_a wont_a for_o we_o never_o yet_o abate_v our_o interest_n but_o they_o soon_o abate_v they_o but_o what_o if_o they_o do_v we_o have_v bring_v our_o interest_n to_o 4_o per_fw-la cent_n shall_v have_v they_o against_o a_o wall_n we_o know_v the_o length_n of_o their_o tedder_n they_o can_v run_v much_o far_o from_o we_o so_o that_o if_o we_o wink_v it_o be_v not_o like_a child_n as_o the_o gentleman_n suppose_v but_o if_o we_o take_v his_o advice_n we_o shall_v wink_v like_o child_n while_o other_o nation_n strike_v we_o by_o abate_v their_o interest_n 2._o if_o we_o can_v gain_v all_o we_o will_v of_o they_o present_o we_o shall_v gain_v the_o more_o from_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n that_o can_v sudden_o abate_v their_o interest_n to_o any_o proportion_n with_o we_o 3._o why_o shall_v we_o absolute_o conclude_v that_o other_o nation_n will_v do_v it_o may_v we_o not_o think_v that_o some_o part_n or_o people_n in_o the_o world_n may_v be_v as_o un-fore-seeing_a as_o this_o gentleman_n pretend_v to_o be_v and_o not_o know_v it_o be_v for_o their_o advantage_n to_o lower_v their_o interest_n though_o we_o know_v it_o to_o be_v we_o 4._o why_o may_v we_o not_o think_v that_o corruption_n avarice_n and_o usurer_n may_v be_v so_o prevalent_a in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o world_n as_o to_o obstruct_v so_o good_a and_o national_a a_o work_n as_o this_o i_o omit_v several_a other_o error_n in_o fact_n that_o the_o gentleman_n be_v guilty_a of_o in_o the_o course_n of_o his_o write_n and_o must_v needs_o be_v so_o have_v take_v up_o his_o notion_n for_o want_n of_o experience_n upon_o trust_n from_o other_o who_o perhaps_o understand_v as_o little_a as_o himself_o viz._n page_n 16._o he_o say_v our_o vent_n into_o spain_n and_o portugal_n be_v great_o lessen_v and_o 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which_o be_v a_o trick_n have_v be_v try_v so_o often_o in_o spain_n till_o it_o have_v leave_v they_o more_o black_a money_n as_o they_o call_v it_o then_o white_a or_o yellow_a notwithstanding_o their_o silver_n mine_n in_o peru_n and_o mexico_n and_o that_o their_o law_n make_v it_o death_n to_o export_v gold_n or_o silver_n this_o conceit_n i_o have_v know_v three_o time_n experience_v likewise_o in_o portugal_n within_o this_o 24_o or_o 25_o year_n at_o first_o the_o piece_n of_o 8_o rial_n go_v at_o 400_o ries_z after_z that_o be_v bring_v to_o 480_o after_o that_o to_o 520_o and_o now_o to_o 600_o ries_z and_o yet_o still_o we_o bring_v their_o money_n from_o they_o as_o heretofore_o and_o sell_v our_o commodity_n to_o they_o for_o as_o much_o silver_n as_o ever_o the_o reason_n be_v evident_a suppose_v for_o example_n a_o hat_n that_o be_v usual_o sell_v to_o they_o for_o 4_o piece_n of_o 8_o when_o the_o piece_n of_o 8_o be_v at_o 400_o ries_z we_o then_o sell_v such_o a_o 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of_o the_o same_o burden_n in_o england_n and_o compel_v their_o say_a ship_n be_v of_o small_a force_n to_o sail_v always_o in_o fleet_n to_o which_o in_o all_o time_n of_o danger_n they_o allow_v convoy_n six_o their_o parsimonious_a and_o thrifty_a live_n which_o be_v so_o extraordinary_a that_o a_o merchant_n of_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_v estate_n with_o they_o will_v scarce_o spend_v so_o much_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la as_o one_o of_o fifteen_o hundred_o pound_n estate_n in_o london_n seven_o the_o education_n of_o their_o child_n as_o well_o daughter_n as_o son_n all_o which_o be_v they_o of_o never_o so_o great_a quality_n or_o estate_n they_o always_o take_v care_n to_o bring_v up_o to_o write_v perfect_a good_a hand_n and_o to_o have_v the_o full_a knowledge_n and_o use_n of_o arithemetick_n and_o merchants-account_n the_o well_o understand_v and_o practice_n whereof_o do_v strange_o infuse_v into_o most_o that_o be_v the_o owner_n of_o that_o quality_n of_o either_o 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observe_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o arithmetic_n that_o like_o other_o part_n of_o the_o mathematics_n it_o do_v not_o only_o improve_v the_o rational_a faculty_n but_o incline_v those_o that_o be_v expert_a in_o it_o to_o thriftiness_n and_o good-husbandry_n and_o prevent_v both_o husband_n and_o wife_n in_o some_o measure_n from_o run_v out_o of_o their_o estate_n when_o they_o have_v it_o always_o ready_a in_o their_o head_n what_o their_o expense_n do_v amount_v to_o and_o how_o soon_o by_o that_o course_n their_o ruin_n must_v overtake_v they_o eight_o the_o lowness_n of_o their_o custom_n and_o the_o height_n of_o their_o excise_n which_o be_v certain_o the_o most_o equal_a and_o indifferent_a tax_n in_o the_o world_n and_o least_o prejudical_a to_o any_o people_n as_o may_v be_v make_v appear_v be_v it_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o discourse_n nine_o the_o careful_a provide_v for_o and_o employment_n of_o their_o poor_a which_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o demonstrate_v can_v never_o 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decide_v in_o three_o or_o four_o day_n time_n and_o that_o not_o at_o the_o forty_o part_n i_o may_v say_v in_o many_o case_n not_o the_o hundred_o part_n of_o the_o charge_n they_o be_v with_o we_o thirteen_o the_o law_n that_o be_v in_o use_n among_o they_o for_o transference_n of_o bill_n for_o debt_n from_o one_o man_n to_o another_o this_o be_v of_o extraordinary_a advantage_n to_o they_o in_o their_o commerce_n by_o mean_n whereof_o they_o can_v turn_v their_o stock_n twice_o or_o thrice_o in_o trade_n for_o once_o that_o we_o can_v in_o england_n for_o that_o have_v sell_v our_o foreign_a good_n here_o we_o can_v buy_v again_o to_o advantage_n till_o we_o be_v possess_v of_o our_o money_n which_o it_o may_v be_v we_o shall_v be_v six_o nine_o or_o twelve_o month_n in_o recover_v and_o if_o what_o we_o sell_v be_v considerable_a it_o be_v a_o good_a man_n work_n all_o the_o year_n to_o be_v follow_v vintner_n and_o shopkeeper_n for_o money_n whereas_o be_v the_o law_n for_o 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add_v and_o those_o aforesaid_a further_o improve_v be_v it_o my_o purpose_n to_o discourse_v at_o large_a of_o trade_n but_o see_v most_o of_o the_o former_a particular_n be_v observe_v and_o grant_v by_o all_o man_n that_o make_v it_o any_o part_n of_o their_o business_n to_o inspect_v the_o true_a nature_n and_o principle_n of_o trade_n but_o the_o last_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o the_o most_o ingenious_a to_o be_v any_o cause_n of_o the_o great_a increase_n of_o the_o riches_n and_o commerce_n of_o that_o people_n i_o shall_v therefore_o in_o this_o paper_n confine_v myself_o to_o write_v principal_o my_o observation_n touch_v that_o viz._n the_o profit_n that_o people_n have_v receive_v and_o any_o other_o may_v receive_v by_o reduce_v the_o interest_n of_o money_n to_o a_o very_a low_a rate_n this_o in_o my_o poor_a opinion_n be_v the_o causa_fw-la causans_fw-la of_o all_o the_o other_o cause_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o that_o people_n and_o that_o if_o interest_n of_o money_n be_v with_o we_o reduceâ—_n to_o the_o same_o rate_n it_o be_v with_o they_o iâ—_n will_v in_o a_o short_a time_n render_v we_o as_o ricâ—_n and_o considerable_a in_o trade_n as_o they_o noâ—_n be_v and_o consequent_o be_v of_o greateâ—_n damage_n to_o they_o and_o advantage_n to_o we_o then_o can_v happen_v by_o the_o issue_n of_o this_o present_a war_n though_o the_o success_n of_o it_o shall_v be_v as_o good_a as_o we_o can_v wish_v except_o it_o end_v in_o theâ—r_n total_a ruin_n and_o extirpation_n to_o illustrate_v this_o let_v we_o impartial_o search_v our_o book_n and_o inquire_v what_o the_o state_n and_o condition_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v as_o to_o trade_n and_o riches_n before_o any_o law_n concern_v interest_n of_o money_n be_v make_v the_o first_o whereof_o that_o i_o can_v find_v be_v anno_fw-la 1545._o and_o we_o shall_v be_v inform_v that_o the_o trade_n of_o england_n then_o be_v inconsiderable_a and_o the_o merchant_n very_o mean_a and_o few_o and_o that_o afterward_o viz._n anno_fw-la 1635._o within_o ten_o year_n after_o interest_n be_v bring_v down_o to_o eight_o per_fw-la cent_z there_o be_v more_o merchant_n to_o be_v find_v upon_o the_o exchange_n worth_n each_o one_o thousand_o pound_n and_o upward_o than_o be_v in_o the_o former_a day_n viz._n before_o the_o year_n 1600._o to_o be_v find_v worth_n one_o hundred_o pound_n each_o and_o now_o since_o interest_n have_v be_v for_o about_o twenty_o year_n at_o six_o per_fw-la cent_z notwithstanding_o our_o long_a civil_a war_n and_o the_o great_a complaint_n of_o the_o deadness_n of_o trade_n there_o be_v more_o man_n to_o be_v find_v upon_o the_o exchange_n now_o worth_a ten_o thousand_o pound_n estate_n than_o be_v then_o of_o one_o thousand_o pound_n and_o if_o this_o be_v doubt_v let_v we_o ask_v the_o age_a whether_o five_o hundred_o
pound_n portion_n with_o a_o daughter_n sixty_o year_n ago_o be_v not_o esteem_v a_o large_a proportion_n than_o two_o thousand_o pound_n be_v now_o and_o whether_o gentlewoman_n in_o those_o day_n will_v not_o esteem_v themselves_o well_o clothe_v in_o a_o serge_n gown_n which_o a_o chambermaid_n now_o will_v be_v ashamed_a to_o be_v see_v in_o whether_o our_o citizen_n and_o middle_a sort_n of_o gentry_n now_o be_v not_o more_o rich_a in_o clothes_n plate_n jewel_n and_o household-good_n etc._n etc._n then_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o knight_n and_o gentry_n be_v in_o those_o day_n and_o whether_o our_o best_a sort_n of_o knight_n and_o gentry_n now_o do_v not_o exceed_v by_o much_o in_o those_o thing_n the_o nobility_n of_o england_n sixty_o year_n past_a many_o of_o who_o then_o will_v not_o go_v to_o the_o price_n of_o a_o whole_a sattin-doublet_n the_o embroiderer_n be_v yet_o live_v who_o have_v assure_v i_o he_o have_v make_v many_o hundred_o of_o they_o for_o the_o nobility_n with_o canvas_n back_n which_o way_n ever_o we_o take_v our_o measure_n to_o i_o it_o seem_v evident_a that_o since_o our_o first_o abatement_n of_o interest_n the_o riches_n and_o splendour_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v increase_v to_o above_o four_o i_o may_v say_v above_o six_o time_o so_o much_o as_o it_o be_v we_o have_v now_o almost_o one_o hundred_o coach_n for_o one_o we_o have_v former_o we_o with_o case_n can_v pay_v a_o great_a tax_n now_o in_o one_o year_n than_o our_o forefather_n can_v in_o twenty_o our_o custom_n be_v very_o much_o improve_v i_o believe_v above_o the_o proportion_n aforesaid_a of_o six_o to_o one_o which_o be_v not_o so_o much_o in_o advance_v of_o the_o rate_n of_o good_n as_o by_o increase_n of_o the_o bulk_n of_o trade_n for_o though_o some_o foreign_a commodity_n be_v advance_v other_o of_o our_o native_a commodity_n and_o manufacture_n be_v considerable_o abate_v by_o the_o last_o book_n of_o rate_n i_o can_v myself_o remember_v since_o there_o be_v not_o in_o london_n use_v so_o many_o wharf_n or_o key_n for_o the_o land_n of_o merchant_n good_n by_o at_o least_o one_o three_o part_n as_o now_o there_o be_v and_o those_o that_o be_v then_o can_v scarce_o have_v employment_n for_o half_a what_o they_o can_v do_v and_o now_o notwithstanding_o one_o three_o more_o use_v to_o the_o same_o purpose_n they_o be_v all_o too_o little_a in_o a_o time_n of_o peace_n to_o land_n the_o good_n at_o that_o come_v to_o london_n if_o we_o look_v into_o the_o country_n we_o shall_v find_v land_n as_o much_o improve_v since_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n as_o trade_n etc._n etc._n in_o city_n that_o now_o yield_v twenty_o year_n purchase_v which_o then_o will_v not_o have_v sell_v for_o above_o eight_o or_o ten_o at_o most_o beside_o the_o rent_n of_o farm_n have_v be_v for_o these_o last_o thirty_o year_n much_o advance_v and_o although_o they_o have_v for_o these_o three_o or_o four_o last_o year_n fall_v that_o have_v no_o respect_n at_o all_o to_o the_o lowness_n of_o interest_n at_o present_a nor_o to_o the_o other_o mistake_v reason_n which_o be_v common_o assign_v for_o it_o but_o principal_o to_o the_o vast_a improvement_n of_o ireland_n since_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o be_v late_o possess_v by_o the_o industrous_a english_a who_o be_v soldier_n in_o the_o late_a army_n and_o the_o late_a great_a land-tax_n more_o may_v be_v say_v but_o the_o premise_n be_v consider_v i_o judge_v will_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v how_o great_o this_o kingdom_n of_o england_n have_v be_v advance_v in_o all_o respect_n for_o these_o last_o fifty_o year_n and_o that_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n have_v be_v the_o cause_n thereof_o to_o i_o seem_v most_o probable_a because_o as_o it_o appear_v it_o have_v be_v in_o england_n so_o i_o find_v it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n in_o all_o europe_n and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n insomuch_o that_o to_o know_v whether_o any_o country_n be_v rich_a or_o poor_a or_o in_o what_o proportion_n it_o be_v so_o no_o other_o question_n need_v to_o be_v resolve_v but_o this_o viz._n what_o interest_n do_v they_o pay_v for_o money_n near_o home_o we_o see_v it_o evident_o in_o scotland_n and_o ireland_n where_o ten_o and_o twelve_o per_fw-la cent_z be_v pay_v for_o interest_n the_o people_n be_v poor_a and_o despicable_a their_o person_n ill_o clothe_v their_o house_n worse_o provide_v and_o money_n intolerable_o scarce_o notwithstanding_o they_o have_v great_a plenty_n of_o all_o provision_n nor_o will_v their_o land_n yield_v above_o eight_o or_o ten_o year_n purchase_v at_o most_o in_o france_n where_o money_n be_v at_o seven_o per_fw-mi cent_z their_o land_n will_v yield_v about_o eighteen_o year_n purchase_v and_o the_o gentry_n who_o may_v possess_v land_n live_v in_o good_a condition_n though_o the_o peasant_n be_v little_o better_o than_o slave_n because_o they_o can_v possess_v nothing_o but_o at_o the_o will_n of_o other_o in_o italy_n money_n will_v not_o yield_v above_o three_o per_fw-la cent_z to_o be_v let_v out_o upon_o real_a security_n there_o the_o people_n be_v rich_a full_a of_o trade_n well_o attire_v and_o their_o land_n will_v sell_v at_o thirty_o five_o to_o forty_o year_n purchase_v and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o or_o better_a with_o they_o in_o holland_n be_v too_o manifest_a in_o spain_n the_o usual_a interest_n be_v ten_o and_o twelve_o per_fw-la cent_z and_o there_o notwithstanding_o they_o have_v the_o only_a trade_n in_o the_o world_n for_o gold_n and_o silver_n money_n be_v no_o where_n more_o scarce_o the_o people_n poor_a despicable_a and_o void_a of_o commerce_n other_o than_o such_o as_o english_a dutch_a italian_n jew_n and_o other_o foreigner_n bring_v to_o they_o who_o be_v to_o they_o in_o effect_n but_o as_o leech_n who_o suck_v their_o blood_n and_o vital_a spirit_n from_o they_o i_o may_v urge_v many_o other_o instâ—nces_n of_o this_o nature_n not_o only_o out_o of_o chriâ—â—endom_n but_o from_o under_o the_o turk_n dominion_n east-india_n and_o america_n but_o every_o man_n by_o his_o eperience_n in_o foreign_a country_n may_v easy_a inform_v himself_o whether_o this_o rule_n do_v universal_o hold_v true_a or_o not_o for_o my_o own_o part_n to_o satisfy_v my_o own_o curiosity_n i_o have_v for_o some_o year_n as_o occasion_v offer_v diligent_o inquire_v of_o all_o my_o acquaintance_n that_o have_v knowledge_n of_o foreign_a country_n and_o i_o can_v true_o say_v that_o i_o never_o find_v it_o to_o fail_v in_o any_o particular_a instance_n now_o if_o upon_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o be_v grant_v that_o defacto_fw-la this_o kingdom_n be_v rich_a at_o least_o fourfold_a i_o may_v say_v eight-fold_n than_o it_o be_v before_o any_o law_n for_o interest_n be_v make_v and_o that_o all_o country_n be_v at_o this_o day_n rich_a or_o poor_a in_o a_o exact_a proportion_n to_o what_o they_o pay_v and_o have_v usual_o pay_v for_o the_o interest_n of_o money_n it_o remain_v that_o we_o inquire_v careful_o whether_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n be_v in_o truth_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o any_o country_n or_o only_o the_o concomitant_a or_o effect_v of_o the_o riches_n of_o a_o country_n in_o which_o seem_v to_o lie_v the_o intricacy_n of_o this_o question_n to_o satisfy_v myself_o wherein_o i_o have_v take_v all_o opportunity_n to_o discourse_v this_o point_n with_o the_o most_o ingenious_a man_n i_o have_v the_o honour_n to_o be_v know_v to_o and_o have_v search_v for_o and_o read_v all_o the_o book_n that_o i_o can_v ever_o hear_v be_v print_v against_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n and_o serious_o consider_v all_o the_o argument_n and_o objection_n use_v by_o they_o against_o it_o all_o which_o have_v tend_v to_o confirm_v i_o in_o this_o opinion_n which_o i_o bumble_o offer_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o wise_a head_n viz._n that_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o prosperity_n &_o riches_n of_o any_o nation_n and_o that_o the_o bring_v down_o of_o interest_n in_o this_o kingdom_n from_o six_o to_o four_o or_o three_o per_fw-mi cent_z will_v necessary_o in_o less_o than_o twenty_o year_n time_n double_v the_o capital_a stock_n of_o the_o nation_n the_o most_o material_a objection_n i_o have_v meet_v with_o against_o it_o be_v as_o follow_v object_n 1._o to_o abate_v interest_n will_v cause_v the_o dutch_a and_o other_o people_n that_o have_v money_n put_v out_o at_o interest_n in_o england_n by_o their_o friend_n and_o factor_n to_o call_v home_o their_o estate_n and_o consequent_o will_v occasion_v a_o great_a scarcity_n and_o want_n of_o money_n among_o we_o to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o if_o interest_n be_v bring_v but_o to_o four_o per_fw-mi cent_z no_o dutchman_n will_v call_v in_o his_o money_n that_o be_v out_o upon_o good_a security_n
in_o england_n because_o he_o can_v make_v above_o three_o per_fw-mi cent_z of_o it_o upon_o interest_n at_o home_n but_o if_o they_o shall_v call_v home_o all_o the_o money_n they_o have_v with_o we_o at_o interest_n it_o will_v be_v better_o for_o we_o than_o if_o they_o do_v it_o not_o for_o the_o borrower_n be_v always_o a_o slave_n to_o the_o lender_n and_o shall_v be_v sure_a to_o be_v always_o keep_v poor_a while_o the_o other_o be_v fat_a and_o full_a he_o that_o use_v a_o stock_n that_o be_v none_o of_o his_o own_o be_v force_v for_o the_o uphold_v his_o reputation_n to_o live_v to_o the_o full_a if_o not_o above_o the_o proportion_n of_o what_o he_o do_v so_o use_v while_o the_o lender_n possese_v much_o and_o use_v little_a or_o none_o live_v only_a at_o the_o charge_n of_o what_o he_o use_v and_o not_o of_o what_o he_o have_v beside_o if_o with_o this_o law_n for_o abatement_n of_o interest_n a_o law_n for_o transfer_v bill_n of_o debt_n shall_v pass_v we_o shall_v not_o miss_v the_o dutch_a money_n be_v it_o ten_o time_n as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v among_o we_o for_o that_o such_o a_o law_n will_v certain_o supply_v the_o the_o defect_n of_o at_o least_o one_o half_a of_o all_o the_o ready_a money_n we_o have_v in_o use_n in_o the_o nation_n object_n 2._o if_o interest_n be_v abate_v land_n must_v rise_v in_o purchase_n and_o consequent_o rent_n and_o if_o rent_n than_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o land_n and_o so_o all_o thing_n will_v be_v dear_a and_o how_o shall_v the_o poor_a live_v etc._n etc._n answ._n to_o this_o i_o say_v if_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o fruit_n of_o our_o land_n in_o consequence_n of_o such_o a_o law_n for_o abatement_n of_o interest_n grow_v general_o dear_a it_o be_v a_o evident_a demonstration_n that_o our_o people_n grow_v rich_a for_o general_o wherever_o provision_n be_v for_o continuance_n of_o year_n dear_a in_o any_o country_n the_o people_n be_v rich_a and_o where_o they_o be_v most_o cheap_a throughout_o the_o world_n for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o people_n be_v very_o poor_a and_o for_o our_o own_o poor_a in_o england_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o they_o live_v better_o in_o the_o dear_a country_n for_o provision_n than_o in_o the_o cheap_a and_o better_a in_o a_o dear_a year_n than_o in_o a_o cheap_a especial_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o public_a good_a for_o that_o in_o a_o cheap_a year_n they_o will_v not_o work_v above_o two_o day_n in_o a_o week_n their_o humour_n be_v such_o that_o they_o will_v not_o provide_v for_o a_o hard_a time_n but_o just_a work_n so_o much_o and_o no_o more_o as_o may_v maintain_v they_o in_o that_o mean_a condition_n to_o which_o they_o have_v be_v accustom_v object_n 3._o if_o interest_n be_v abate_v usurer_n will_v call_v in_o their_o money_n so_o what_o shall_v gentleman_n do_v who_o estate_n be_v mortgage_v etc._n etc._n answ._n i_o answer_v that_o when_o they_o know_v they_o can_v make_v no_o more_o of_o their_o money_n by_o take_v out_o of_o one_o and_o put_v it_o in_o another_o hand_n they_o will_v not_o be_v so_o forward_o as_o they_o threaten_v to_o alter_v that_o security_n they_o know_v be_v good_a for_o another_o that_o may_v be_v bad_a or_o if_o they_o shall_v do_v it_o our_o law_n be_v not_o so_o severe_a but_o that_o gentleman_n may_v take_v time_n to_o dispose_v of_o part_n of_o their_o land_n which_o immediate_o after_o such_o a_o law_n will_v yield_v they_o thirty_o yeaâ—s_n purchase_v at_o least_o and_o much_o better_a it_o be_v for_o they_o so_o to_o do_v than_o to_o abide_v long_o under_o that_o consume_a plague_n of_o usury_n which_o have_v insensible_o destroy_v very_o many_o of_o the_o best_a family_n in_o england_n as_o well_o of_o our_o nobility_n as_o gentry_n object_n 4._o as_o interest_n be_v now_o at_o six_o per_fw-la cent_n the_o king_n majesty_n upon_o any_o emergency_n can_v hardly_o be_v supply_v and_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v reduce_v to_o four_o per_fw-la cent_n how_o shall_v the_o king_n find_v a_o considerable_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o be_v lend_v he_o by_o his_o people_n answ._n i_o answer_v the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n to_o the_o people_n be_v the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n to_o the_o king_n when_o he_o have_v occasion_n to_o take_v up_o money_n for_o what_o be_v borrow_v of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n or_o other_o body_n politic_a nothing_o can_v be_v demand_v but_o the_o legal_a interest_n and_o if_o the_o king_n have_v occasion_n to_o take_v up_o money_n of_o private_a person_n be_v his_o majesty_n according_a to_o good_a right_n be_v above_o the_o common_a course_n of_o law_n the_o king_n must_v and_o always_o have_v give_v more_o than_o the_o legal_a rate_n as_o for_o instance_n the_o legal_a rate_n be_v now_o six_o per_n cent_n but_o his_o majesty_n or_o such_o as_o have_v dispose_v of_o his_o majesty_n exchequer-tally_n have_v be_v say_v to_o give_v ten_o and_o twelve_o in_o some_o case_n and_o if_o the_o legal_a rate_n be_v ten_o his_o majesty_n may_v probable_o give_v thirteen_o or_o fourteen_o so_o if_o interest_n be_v bring_v to_o four_o per_fw-la cent_n his_o majesty_n in_o such_o case_n as_o he_o now_o give_v ten_o must_v give_v six_o or_o seven_o by_o which_o his_o majesty_n will_v have_v a_o clear_a advantage_n object_n 5._o if_o interest_n be_v abate_v it_o will_v be_v a_o great_a prejudice_n to_o widow_n and_o orphan_n who_o have_v not_o knowledge_n and_o ability_n to_o improve_v their_o estate_n otherwise_o answ._n i_o answer_v that_o by_o our_o law_n now_o heir_n and_o orphan_n can_v recover_v no_o interest_n from_o their_o parent_n executor_n except_o it_o be_v leave_v full_o and_o absolute_o to_o the_o executor_n to_o dispose_v and_o put_v out_o money_n at_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o executor_n for_o the_o profit_n and_o loss_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o orphan_n and_o if_o it_o be_v so_o leave_v to_o the_o exccutors_n discretion_n they_o may_v improve_v the_o money_n leave_v they_o in_o trade_n or_o purchase_v of_o land_n and_o lease_n as_o well_o as_o by_o interest_n or_o when_o not_o the_o damage_n such_o heir_n and_o orphan_n will_v sustain_v in_o their_o minority_n be_v but_o two_o per_fw-la cent_n be_v inconsiderable_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o great_a advantage_n will_v accrue_v to_o the_o nation_n in_o generel_n by_o such_o abatement_n of_o interest_n beside_o when_o such_o a_o law_n be_v make_v and_o in_o use_n all_o man_n will_v so_o take_v care_n in_o their_o life_n to_o provide_v for_o and_o educate_v their_o child_n and_o instruct_v their_o wife_n as_o that_o no_o prejudice_n can_v happen_v thereby_o as_o we_o see_v there_o do_v not_o in_o holland_n and_o italy_n and_o other_o place_n where_o interest_n be_v so_o low_a have_v now_o offer_v my_o thought_n in_o answer_n to_o the_o aforesaid_a objection_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o that_o we_o inquire_v who_o will_v be_v advantage_v and_o who_o will_v receive_v prejudice_n in_o case_n such_o a_o law_n be_v make_v first_o his_o majesty_n as_o have_v be_v say_v in_o answer_n to_o that_o objection_n will_n when_o he_o have_v occasion_n take_v up_o money_n on_o better_a term_n beside_o which_o he_o will_v receive_v a_o great_a augmentation_n to_o his_o revenue_n thereby_o all_o his_o land_n be_v immediate_o worth_a after_o the_o make_v such_o a_o law_n double_a to_o what_o they_o be_v before_o his_o custom_n will_v be_v much_o increase_v by_o the_o increase_n of_o trade_n which_o must_v necessary_o ensue_v upon_o the_o make_v such_o a_o law_n the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n who_o estate_n he_o most_o in_o land_n may_v present_o upon_o all_o they_o have_v instead_o of_o fifty_o write_v one_o hundred_o the_o merchant_n and_o tradesman_n who_o bear_v the_o heat_n and_o burden_n of_o the_o day_n most_o of_o our_o trade_n be_v carry_v on_o by_o young_a man_n that_o take_v up_o money_n at_o interest_n will_v find_v their_o yoke_n sit_v light_a upon_o their_o shoulder_n and_o be_v encourage_v to_o go_v on_o with_o great_a alacrity_n in_o their_o business_n our_o mariner_n shipwright_n porter_n cloathier_n packer_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o labour_a people_n that_o depend_v on_o trade_n will_v be_v more_o constant_o and_o full_o employ_v our_o farmer_n sell_v the_o product_n of_o their_o land_n at_o better_a rate_n and_o whereas_o our_o neighbour_n the_o netherlander_n who_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o largeness_n of_o their_o stock_n and_o experience_n the_o son_n continual_o succeed_v the_o father_n in_o trade_n to_o many_o generation_n we_o may_v not_o unfit_o in_o this_o case_n term_v son_n of_o anach_n and_o man_n of_o renown_n against_o who_o we_o fight_v dwarf_n and_o pigmy_n in_o stock_n and_o experience_n be_v young_a brother_n of_o gentleman_n that_o seldom_o have_v
be_v former_o that_o money_n double_v once_o in_o seven_o year_n at_o 10_o per_fw-mi cent_z according_a to_o which_o rule_n 100_o l._n in_o seventy_o year_n amount_n to_o 102400_o l._n one_o hundred_o pound_n at_o ten_o pound_n per_fw-la cent_z per_fw-la annum_fw-la at_o interest_n upon_o interest_n increase_v thus_o viz._n  _fw-fr l._n s._n d._n at_o first_o 100_o 00_o 00_o at_o 3_o month_n it_o be_v 102_o 10_o 00_o at_o 6_o month_n 105_o 1_o 03_o at_o 9_o month_n 107_o 13_o 9_o at_o 12_o month_n 110_o 07_o 7_o at_o 1_o year_n ¼_n 113_o 02_o 9_o at_o 1_o year_n ½_n 115_o 19_o 4_o at_o 1_o year_n ¾_n 118_o 17_o 4_o at_o 2_o year_n 121_o 16_o 9_o at_o 2_o year_n ¼_n 124_o 17_o 8_o at_o 2_o year_n ½_n 128_o 00_o 1_o at_o 2_o year_n ¾_n 131_o 4_o 1_o at_o 3_o year_n 134_o 9_o 9_o at_o 3_o year_n ¼_n 137_o 17_o 0_o at_o 3_o year_n ½_n 141_o 5_o 10_o at_o 3_o year_n ¾_n 144_o 16_o 6_o at_o 4_o year_n 148_o 8_o 11_o at_o 4_o year_n ¼_n 152_o 3_o 1_o at_o 4_o year_n ½_n 155_o 19_o 2_o at_o 4_o year_n ¾_n 159_o 17_o 2_o at_o 5_o year_n 163_o 17_o 1_o at_o 5_o year_n ¼_n 167_o 19_o 0_o at_o 5_o year_n ½_n 172_o 3_o 0_o at_o 5_o year_n ¼_n 176_o 9_o 1_o at_o 6_o year_n 180_o 17_o 3_o at_o 6_o year_n ¼_n 185_o 7_o 9_o at_o 6_o year_n ½_n 190_o 5_o 0_o at_o 6_o year_n â—_o 4_o 194_o 15_o 5_o at_o 7_o year_n 199_o 12_o 10_o suppose_v one_o hundred_o pound_n to_o double_a in_o seven_o year_n at_o interest_n upon_o interest_n as_o aforesaid_a the_o increase_n be_v viz._n  _fw-fr l._n at_o first_o 100_o at_o 7_o year_n 200_o at_o 14_o year_n 400_o at_o 21_o year_n 800_o at_o 28_o year_n 1600_o at_o 35_o year_n 3200_o at_o 42_o year_n 6400_o at_o 49_o year_n 12800_o at_o 56_o year_n 25600_o at_o 63_o year_n 51200_o at_o 70_o year_n 102400_o pag._n 13._o he_o say_v that_o i_o make_v use_n of_o the_o abuse_n of_o interest_n which_o no_o man_n plead_v for_o annex_v a_o discourse_n against_o interest_n write_v in_o 1621._o when_o it_o be_v at_o 10_o per_fw-mi cent_z endeavour_v thereby_o to_o impose_v a_o belief_n that_o the_o gentleman_n who_o write_v that_o discourse_n be_v of_o my_o mind_n whereas_o it_o may_v be_v suppose_v the_o author_n of_o that_o book_n be_v content_v with_o 8_o per_fw-mi cent_z because_o within_o four_o year_n after_o it_o be_v bring_v down_o to_o that_o rate_n and_o that_o otherwise_o he_o will_v have_v write_v further_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o he_o may_v live_v till_o after_o four_o year_n i_o answer_v that_o through_o the_o mercy_n of_o almighty_a god_n and_o for_o the_o good_a of_o this_o kingdom_n that_o patriot_n of_o his_o country_n old_a sir_n thomas_n culpepper_n who_o i_o have_v since_o be_v assure_v be_v the_o author_n of_o that_o treatise_n do_v live_v above_o twenty_o year_n after_o the_o write_n thereof_o and_o then_o publish_v a_o second_o treatise_n which_o be_v late_o reprint_v by_o his_o worthy_a son_n which_o second_o treatise_n be_v now_o to_o be_v have_v at_o mr_n wilkinson_n over_o against_o st_n dunstan_n church_n in_o fleetstreet_n which_o i_o will_v advise_v my_o opposer_n to_o read_v and_o then_o i_o hope_v he_o will_v be_v more_o modest_a hereafter_o then_o to_o miscall_a the_o most_o natural_a and_o rational_a conclusion_n imposings_n but_o lest_o he_o shall_v not_o meet_v with_o the_o say_a treatise_n i_o shall_v here_o insert_v a_o few_o line_n out_o of_o it_o to_o the_o present_a purpose_n viz._n old_a sir_n thomas_n speak_v of_o the_o certain_a good_a effect_n of_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n from_o 10_o to_o 8_o per_fw-mi cent_z pag._n 19_o of_o his_o second_o treatise_n say_v this_o good_a success_n do_v call_v upon_o we_o not_o to_o rest_v here_o but_o that_o we_o bring_v the_o use_n for_o money_n to_o a_o low_a rate_n which_o now_o i_o suppose_v will_v find_v no_o opposition_n for_o all_o objection_n which_o before_o the_o statute_n be_v make_v against_o it_o be_v now_o answer_v by_o the_o success_n &_o most_o certain_o the_o benefit_n will_v be_v much_o great_a to_o the_o common_a wealth_n by_o call_v the_o use_n for_o money_n down_o from_o 8_o to_o 5_o or_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z than_o it_o be_v from_o call_v it_o down_o from_o 10_o to_o 8_o per_fw-la cent._n i_o shall_v not_o comment_v upon_o his_o word_n but_o only_o declare_v that_o in_o truth_n i_o never_o hear_v of_o this_o treatise_n noâ—_n of_o any_o other_o to_o the_o like_a effect_n when_o i_o write_v i_o pag._n 13._o the_o gentleman_n bâ—ings_v up_o his_o battalion_n and_o like_o a_o stout_a champion_n for_o the_o sly_a and_o timorous_a heard-of_a usurer_n plant_n his_o main_a battery_n against_o that_o part_n which_o i_o confess_v to_o be_v weak_a viz._n that_o the_o difficulty_n of_o this_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o lowness_n of_o interest_n be_v the_o cause_n or_o the_o effect_n of_o riches_n and_o he_o positive_o deny_v that_o the_o lowness_n of_o interest_n be_v the_o cause_n &_o affirm_v it_o to_o be_v only_o the_o effect_n thereof_o which_o he_o endeavour_v to_o prove_v by_o four_o argument_n which_o i_o shall_v particular_o answer_v in_o a_o due_a place_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n use_v my_o own_o method_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n by_o a_o law_n in_o england_n will_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o improve_v the_o riches_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o i_o prove_v it_o thus_o 1._o whatever_o do_v advance_v the_o value_n of_o land_n in_o purchase_n must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n 2._o whatever_o do_v improve_v the_o rent_n of_o farm_n must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n 3._o whatever_o do_v increase_v the_o bulk_n of_o foreign_a trade_n must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n 4._o whatever_o do_v multiply_v domestic_a artificer_n must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n 5._o whatever_o do_v incline_v the_o nation_n to_o thriftiness_n must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n 6._o whatever_o do_v employ_v the_o poor_a must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n 7._o whatever_o do_v increase_v the_o stock_n of_o people_n must_v be_v a_o procure_a cause_n of_o riches_n now_o that_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n will_v advance_v the_o value_n of_o land_n i_o prove_v first_o by_o experience_n for_o certain_o anno_fw-la 1621._o the_o currant_n price_n of_o our_o land_n in_o england_n be_v twelve_o year_n purchase_v and_o so_o i_o have_v be_v assure_v by_o many_o ancient_a man_n who_o i_o have_v query_v particular_o as_o to_o this_o matter_n and_o i_o find_v it_o so_o by_o purchase_n make_v about_o that_o time_n by_o my_o own_o relation_n and_o acquaintance_n and_o i_o presume_v that_o any_o nobleman_n or_o gentleman_n of_o england_n by_o only_o command_v the_o steward_n of_o their_o manor_n to_o give_v they_o list_n out_o of_o the_o record_n of_o any_o manor_n or_o farm_n that_o their_o grandfather_n or_o father_n buy_v or_o sell_v fifty_o year_n past_a will_v find_v that_o the_o same_o farm_n to_o be_v now_o sell_v will_v yield_v one_o with_o another_o at_o least_o treble_a the_o money_n and_o in_o some_o case_n six_o time_n the_o money_n they_o be_v then_o buy_v and_o sell_v for_o which_o i_o submit_v still_o to_o the_o single_a and_o joint_a judgement_n of_o the_o honourable_a member_n of_o both_o house_n of_o parliament_n who_o be_v the_o great_a owner_n of_o our_o territory_n be_v in_o their_o private_a as_o well_o as_o in_o their_o politic_a capacity_n the_o most_o proper_a and_o experimental_a judge_n of_o this_o case_n if_o the_o ancient_n of_o they_o will_v please_v to_o recollect_v their_o memory_n and_o the_o young_a will_v please_v to_o be_v inform_v by_o their_o elder_a servant_n and_o if_o this_o be_v so_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n by_o a_o law_n have_v great_o advance_v land_n in_o purchase_n as_o well_o as_o improve_v rent_n by_o meliorate_n the_o land_n themselves_o those_o improvement_n by_o marling_n lime_a drain_n etc._n etc._n have_v be_v make_v since_o money_n be_v at_o 8_o and_o 6_o per_fw-la cent_n which_o 10_o per_fw-la cent_n can_v not_o bear_v and_o to_o prove_v that_o land_n be_v then_o at_o twelve_o year_n purchase_v i_o have_v the_o write_a testimony_n of_o that_o incomparable_a worthy_a person_n sir_n thomas_n culpepper_n senior_n who_o page_z 11._o of_o his_o first_o treatise_n express_o affirm_v that_o land_n be_v then_o at_o twelve_o year_n purchase_v who_o be_v himself_o a_o grave_n and_o ancient_a parliament_n man_n and_o dedicate_a his_o book_n to_o the_o then_o parliament_n whereof_o he_o be_v then_o a_o member_n can_v without_o horrible_a uncharitableness_n be_v presume_v
english_a cloth_n and_o from_o who_o territory_n we_o receive_v great_a quantity_n of_o currant_n purchase_v with_o our_o ready_a money_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o advantageous_a for_o england_n that_o that_o importation_n as_o well_o as_o the_o importation_n of_o wrought-glasse_n drinking-glass_n and_o other_o manufacture_n from_o thence_o shall_v be_v discourage_v it_o be_v suppose_v we_o can_v now_o make_v they_o as_o well_o ourselves_o in_o england_n the_o trade_n for_o cannary-wine_n i_o take_v to_o be_v a_o most_o pernicious_a trade_n to_o england_n because_o those_o island_n consume_v very_o little_a of_o our_o manufacture_n fish_n or_o other_o english_a commodity_n neither_o do_v they_o furnish_v we_o with_o any_o commodity_n to_o be_v further_o manufacture_v here_o or_o re-exported_n the_o wine_n we_o bring_v from_o thence_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n purchase_v with_o ready_a money_n so_o that_o to_o my_o apprehension_n something_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v do_v to_o compel_v those_o islander_n to_o spend_v more_o of_o our_o english_a commodity_n and_o to_o sell_v their_o wine_n cheap_a which_o every_o year_n they_o advance_v in_o price_n or_o else_o to_o lessen_v the_o consumption_n of_o they_o in_o england_n i_o have_v in_o this_o last_o discourse_n of_o the_o balance_n of_o trade_n as_o well_o as_o in_o my_o former_a confine_v myself_o to_o write_v only_o general_a head_n and_o principle_n that_o relate_v unto_o trade_n in_o general_n not_o this_o or_o that_o particular_a trade_n because_o the_o several_a trade_n to_o several_a country_n may_v require_v distinct_a and_o particular_a consideration_n respect_v the_o time_n place_n competitor_n with_o we_o and_o other_o circumstance_n to_o find_v out_o wherein_o our_o advantage_n or_o disadvantage_n lie_v and_o how_o to_o improve_v the_o former_a and_o prevent_v the_o latter_a but_o as_o this_o will_v be_v too_o great_a a_o work_n for_o one_o man_n so_o i_o fear_v it_o will_v make_v this_o too_o great_a a_o book_n to_o be_v well_o read_v and_o consider_v but_o in_o the_o preface_n to_o this_o treatise_n i_o have_v brief_o mention_v many_o particular_a trade_n that_o we_o have_v lose_v and_o be_v lose_v and_o by_o what_o mean_n and_o many_o trade_n that_o we_o yet_o retain_v and_o be_v increase_a and_o how_o it_o happen_v to_o be_v so_o which_o may_v give_v some_o light_n to_o a_o clear_a discovery_n and_o inspection_n into_o particular_a trade_n unto_o which_o ingenious_a man_n that_o have_v heart_n to_o serve_v their_o country_n in_o this_o so_o necessary_a work_n at_o this_o time_n may_v add_v and_o further_o improve_v by_o the_o advantage_n of_o ability_n to_o express_v their_o sentiment_n in_o a_o more_o intelligible_a and_o pausible_a style_n but_o when_o i_o and_o other_o have_v say_v all_o we_o can_v a_o low_a interest_n be_v as_o the_o soul_n to_o the_o body_n of_o trade_n it_o be_v the_o sine_fw-la qua_fw-la non_fw-la to_o the_o prosperity_n and_o advancement_n to_o the_o land_n and_o trade_n of_o england_n chap._n x._o concern_v plantation_n the_o trade_n of_o our_o english_a plantation_n in_o america_n be_v now_o of_o as_o great_a bulk_n and_o employ_v as_o much_o ship_n as_o most_o of_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o kingdom_n it_o seem_v not_o unnecessary_a to_o discourse_n more_o at_o large_a concern_v the_o nature_n of_o â—lantations_n and_o the_o good_a or_o evil_a consequence_n of_o tâ—em_n in_o relation_n to_o this_o and_o other_o kingdom_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o some_o gentleman_n of_o no_o mean_a capacity_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o his_o majesty_n be_v plantation_n abroad_o have_v very_o much_o prejudice_v this_o kingdom_n by_o drain_n we_o of_o our_o people_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o which_o opinion_n they_o urge_v the_o example_n of_o spain_n which_o they_o say_v be_v almost_o ruin_v by_o the_o depopulation_n which_o the_o west-indies_n have_v occasion_v to_o the_o end_n therefore_o a_o more_o particular_a scrutiny_n may_v be_v make_v into_o this_o maâ—ter_n i_o shall_v humble_o offer_v my_o opinion_n in_o the_o follow_a proposition_n and_o then_o give_v those_o reason_n of_o probability_n which_o present_o occur_v to_o my_o memory_n in_o confirmation_n of_o each_o proposition_n 1._o first_o i_o agree_v that_o land_n though_o excellent_a without_o hand_n proportionable_a will_v not_o enrich_v any_o kingdom_n 2._o that_o whatever_o tend_v to_o the_o depopulate_v of_o a_o kingdom_n tend_v to_o the_o impoverishment_n of_o it_o 3._o tâ—at_n most_o nation_n in_o the_o civilise_a part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v more_o or_o less_o rich_a or_o poor_a proportionable_o to_o the_o paucity_n or_o plenty_n of_o their_o people_n and_o not_o to_o the_o sterility_n or_o fruitfulness_n of_o their_o landâ—_n 4._o i_o do_v not_o agree_v that_o our_o people_n in_o england_n be_v in_o any_o considerable_a measure_n abate_v by_o reason_n of_o our_o foreign_a plantation_n but_o propose_v to_o prove_v the_o contrary_n 5._o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o we_o â—ad_v immediate_o before_o the_o late_a plague_n many_o more_o people_n in_o england_n then_o we_o have_v before_o the_o inhabit_v of_o virginia_n new-england_n barbadoe_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o our_o american_n plantation_n 6._o that_o all_o colony_n or_o plantation_n do_v endamage_v their_o mother-kingdom_n whereof_o the_o trade_n of_o such_o plantation_n be_v not_o confine_v by_o severe_a law_n and_o good_a execution_n of_o those_o law_n to_o the_o mother-kingdom_n 7._o that_o the_o dutch_a will_v reap_v the_o great_a advantage_n by_o all_o colony_n issue_v from_o any_o kingdom_n of_o europe_n whereof_o the_o trade_n be_v not_o so_o strict_o confine_v to_o the_o proper_a mother-kingdom_n 8._o that_o the_o dutch_a though_o they_o thrive_v so_o exceed_o in_o trade_n will_v in_o probability_n never_o endamage_v this_o kingdom_n by_o the_o growth_n of_o their_o plantation_n 9_o that_o neither_o the_o french_a spaniard_n nor_o portugeez_n be_v much_o to_o be_v fear_v on_o that_o account_n not_o for_o the_o same_o but_o for_o other_o cause_n 10._o that_o it_o be_v more_o for_o the_o advantage_n of_o england_n that_o newfoundland_n shall_v remain_v vnplanted_a than_o that_o colony_n shall_v be_v send_v or_o permit_v to_o go_v thither_o to_o inhabit_v with_o a_o governor_n law_n etc._n etc._n 11._o that_o new-england_n be_v the_o most_o prejudicial_a plantation_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n i._o that_o land_n though_o in_o their_o nature_n excellent_o good_a without_o hand_n proportionable_a will_v not_o enrich_v any_o kingdom_n this_o first_o proposition_n i_o suppose_v will_v ready_o be_v assent_v to_o by_o all_o judicious_a person_n and_o therefore_o for_o the_o proof_n of_o it_o i_o shall_v only_o allege_v matter_n of_o fact_n the_o land_n of_o palestine_n once_o the_o rich_a country_n in_o the_o universe_n since_o it_o come_v under_o the_o turk_n dominion_n and_o consequent_o unpeople_v be_v now_o become_v the_o poor_a andaluzia_n and_o granada_n former_o wonderful_a rich_a and_o full_a of_o good_a town_n since_o dis-peopled_n by_o the_o spaniard_n by_o expultion_n of_o the_o moor_n many_o of_o their_o town_n and_o brave_a country_n house_n be_v fall_v into_o rubbish_n and_o their_o whole_a country_n into_o miserable_a poverty_n though_o their_o land_n natural_o be_v prodigious_o fertile_a a_o hundred_o other_o instance_n of_o fact_n may_v be_v give_v to_o the_o like_a purpose_n ii_o whatever_o tend_v to_o the_o populate_v of_o a_o kingdom_n tend_v to_o the_o improvement_n of_o it_o the_o former_a proposition_n be_v grant_v i_o suppose_v this_o will_v not_o be_v deny_v and_o of_o the_o mean_n viz._n good_a law_n whereby_o any_o kingdom_n may_v be_v populate_v and_o consequent_o enrich_v be_v in_o effect_n the_o substance_n and_o design_n of_o all_o my_o forego_n discourse_n to_o which_o for_o avoid_v repartition_n i_o must_v pray_v the_o reader_n be_v retrospection_n iii_o that_o most_o nation_n in_o the_o civilise_a part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v more_o or_o less_o rich_a or_o poor_a proportionable_a to_o the_o paucity_n or_o plenty_n of_o their_o people_n this_o three_o be_v a_o consequent_a of_o the_o two_o former_a proposition_n and_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v a_o witness_n to_o the_o truth_n of_o it_o the_o seven_o unite_a province_n be_v certain_o the_o most_o populous_a tract_n of_o land_n in_o christendom_n and_o for_o their_o bigness_n undoubted_o the_o rich_a england_n for_o its_o bigness_n except_o our_o forest_n waste_v and_o commons_o which_o by_o our_o own_o law_n and_o custom_n be_v bare_v from_o improvement_n i_o hope_v be_v yet_o a_o more_o populous_a country_n than_o france_n and_o consequent_o rich_a i_o say_v in_o proportion_n to_o its_o bigness_n itaâ—y_n in_o like_a proportion_n more_o populous_a than_o france_n and_o rich_a and_o france_n more_o populous_a and_o rich_a than_o spain_n etc._n etc._n iv_o i_o do_v not_o agree_v that_o our_o people_n in_o england_n be_v in_o any_o considerable_a
by_o their_o direct_a trade_n to_o and_o from_o old_a england_n our_o yearly_o exportation_n of_o english_a manufacture_n malt_n and_o other_o good_n from_o hence_o thither_o amount_v in_o my_o opinion_n to_o ten_o time_n the_o value_n of_o what_o be_v import_v from_o thence_o which_o calculation_n i_o do_v not_o make_v at_o randum_fw-la but_o upon_o mature_a consideration_n and_o peradventure_o upon_o as_o much_o experience_n in_o this_o very_a trade_n as_o any_o other_o person_n will_v pretend_v to_o and_o therefore_o when_o ever_o a_o reformation_n of_o our_o correspondency_n in_o trade_n with_o that_o people_n shall_v be_v think_v on_o it_o will_v in_o my_o poor_a judgement_n require_v great_a tenderness_n &_o very_o serious_a circumspection_n finis_fw-la a_o small_a treatise_n against_o usury_n to_o leave_v the_o proof_n of_o the_o unlawfulness_n of_o usury_n to_o divine_n wherein_o a_o number_n as_o well_o protestant_n as_o papist_n have_v learned_o write_v here_o be_v only_o set_v down_o some_o argument_n to_o show_v how_o great_a the_o hurt_n be_v it_o do_v to_o this_o kingdom_n which_o have_v no_o gold_n nor_o silver_n mine_n but_o plenty_n of_o commodity_n and_o many_o and_o great_a advantage_n of_o trade_n to_o which_o the_o high_a rate_n of_o usury_n be_v a_o great_a prejudice_n and_o decay_v for_o proof_n how_o much_o the_o high_a rate_n of_o usury_n decay_v trade_n we_o see_v that_o general_o all_o merchant_n when_o they_o have_v get_v any_o great_a wealth_n leave_v trading_n and_o fall_v to_o usury_n the_o gain_n thereof_o be_v so_o easy_a certain_a and_o great_a whereas_o in_o other_o country_n where_o usury_n be_v at_o a_o low_a rate_n and_o thereby_o land_n dear_a to_o purchase_v they_o continue_v merchant_n from_o generation_n to_o generation_n to_o enrich_v themselves_o and_o the_o state_n neither_o be_v they_o rich_a tradesman_n only_o that_o give_v over_o trading_n but_o a_o number_n of_o beginner_n be_v undo_v or_o discourage_v by_o the_o high_a rate_n of_o usury_n their_o industry_n serve_v but_o to_o enrich_v other_o and_o beggar_n themselves_o we_o also_o see_v many_o trade_n themselves_o much_o decay_a because_o they_o will_v not_o afford_v so_o great_a a_o gain_n as_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o whereas_o if_o the_o rate_n of_o usury_n be_v not_o high_o here_o then_o in_o other_o country_n they_o have_v still_o subsist_v and_o flourish_v and_o perhaps_o with_o as_o much_o advantage_n to_o the_o public_a as_o those_o that_o do_v bring_v more_o to_o the_o private_a adventurer_n yet_o be_v not_o those_o the_o great_a hindrance_n the_o high_a rate_n of_o money_n bring_v to_o trade_n our_o great_a disadvantage_n be_v that_o other_o nation_n especial_o our_o industrious_a neighbour_n the_o dutch_a be_v therein_o wise_a than_o we_o for_o with_o they_o and_o so_o in_o most_o country_n with_o who_o we_o hold_v commerce_n there_o be_v not_o any_o use_n for_o money_n tolerate_v above_o the_o rate_n of_o six_o in_o the_o hundred_o whereby_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n come_v to_o pass_v though_o they_o have_v no_o other_o advantage_n of_o industry_n and_o frugality_n that_o they_o must_v out-trade_n we_o for_o if_o they_o make_v return_v of_o ten_o per_fw-la cent_z they_o almost_o double_a the_o use_v allow_v and_o so_o make_v a_o very_a gainful_a trade_n but_o with_o we_o where_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o be_v so_o currant_n it_o be_v otherwise_o for_o if_o we_o make_v not_o above_o ten_o we_o be_v loser_n and_o consequent_o the_o same_o trade_n be_v with_o they_o and_o we_o equal_o good_a for_o the_o public_a be_v to_o the_o private_a adventurer_n lossful_a with_o we_o with_o they_o very_o gainful_a and_o where_o the_o good_a of_o public_a and_o private_a man_n go_v not_o together_o the_o public_a be_v seldom_o great_o advance_v and_o as_o they_o out-trade_n so_o they_o may_v afford_v to_o under-sell_a we_o in_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v equal_o natural_a to_o our_o and_o their_o land_n as_o to_o our_o great_a shame_n we_o see_v our_o neighbour_n the_o dutch_a do_v even_o in_o our_o own_o country_n for_o in_o most_o commodity_n the_o earth_n bring_v forth_o the_o stock_n employ_v in_o plant_v and_o manage_n of_o they_o make_v a_o great_a in_o many_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o price_n and_o consequent_o their_o stock_n with_o they_o be_v rate_v at_o six_o in_o the_o hundred_o they_o may_v with_o great_a gain_n under-sell_a we_o our_o stock_n with_o we_o be_v rate_v at_o ten_o and_o as_o they_o may_v out-trade_n we_o and_o under-sell_a we_o so_o be_v all_o contribution_n to_o the_o war_n work_v of_o piety_n and_o glory_n of_o the_o state_n cheap_a to_o they_o then_o to_o we_o for_o the_o use_n for_o money_n go_v with_o we_o near_o double_a the_o rate_n it_o do_v in_o other_o country_n the_o give_v the_o same_o sum_n must_v needs_o be_v double_a the_o charge_n to_o we_o it_o be_v to_o they_o among_o other_o thing_n which_o the_o king_n with_o so_o much_o wisdom_n deliver_v to_o the_o house_n of_o parliament_n he_o commit_v to_o their_o consideration_n the_o balance_a of_o trade_n and_o commerce_n wherein_o there_o be_v nothing_o of_o great_a consequence_n than_o the_o rate_n of_o usury_n which_o hold_v no_o proportion_n with_o we_o and_o other_o nation_n to_o our_o disadvantage_n as_o by_o experience_n we_o see_v and_o feel_v neither_o be_v the_o high_a rate_n of_o usury_n less_o hurtful_a to_o commerce_n within_o the_o land_n the_o gain_n by_o usury_n be_v so_o easy_a certain_a and_o extreme_a great_a as_o they_o be_v not_o only_a merchant_n and_o tradesman_n but_o landed-man_n farmer_n and_o man_n of_o profession_n that_o grow_v lazy_a in_o their_o profession_n and_o become_v usurer_n for_o the_o rate_n of_o usury_n be_v the_o measure_n by_o which_o all_o man_n trade_n purchase_v build_v plant_v or_o any_o other_o way_n bargain_n it_o have_v be_v the_o wisdom_n and_o care_n of_o former_a parliament_n to_o provide_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o wood_n and_o timber_n for_o which_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o available_a than_o the_o call_n down_o of_o the_o high_a rate_n of_o usury_n for_o as_o the_o rate_n of_o money_n now_o go_v no_o man_n can_v let_v his_o timber_n stand_v nor_o his_o wood_n grow_v to_o such_o year_n growth_n as_o be_v best_a for_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o it_o will_v be_v very_o lossfull_a to_o he_o the_o stock_n of_o the_o wood_n after_o they_o be_v worth_a forty_o or_o fifty_o shilling_n the_o acre_n grow_v fast_o at_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o than_o the_o wood_n themselves_o do_v and_o for_o ship_n which_o be_v the_o strength_n and_o safety_n of_o thâ—s_n land_n i_o have_v hear_v divers_a merchant_n of_o good_a credit_n say_v that_o if_o they_o will_v build_v a_o ship_n and_o let_v it_o to_o any_o other_o to_o employ_v they_o can_v make_v of_o their_o money_n that_o way_n count_v all_o charge_n tear_n and_o wear_v above_o ten_o or_o twelve_o in_o the_o hundred_o which_o can_v be_v no_o gainful_a trade_n money_n itself_o go_v at_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o but_o in_o the_o low-countries_n where_o money_n go_v at_o six_o the_o building_n of_o ship_n and_o hire_v they_o to_o other_o be_v a_o gainful_a trade_n and_o so_o the_o stock_n of_o rich_a man_n and_o the_o industry_n of_o beginner_n be_v well_o join_v for_o the_o public_a and_o yet_o that_o which_o be_v above_o all_o the_o rest_n the_o great_a sin_n against_o the_o land_n be_v that_o it_o make_v the_o land_n itself_o of_o small_a value_n near_a the_o rate_n of_o new-found_a land_n than_o of_o any_o other_o country_n where_o law_n government_n and_o peace_n have_v so_o long_o flourish_v for_o the_o high_a rate_n of_o usury_n make_v land_n sell_v so_o cheap_a and_o the_o cheap_a sale_n of_o land_n be_v the_o cause_n man_n seek_v no_o more_o by_o industry_n and_o cost_n to_o improve_v they_o and_o this_o be_v plain_a both_o by_o example_n and_o demonstration_n for_o we_o see_v in_o other_o country_n where_o the_o use_v of_o money_n be_v of_o a_o low_a rate_n land_n be_v general_o sell_v for_o thirty_o forty_o in_o some_o for_o fifty_o year_n purchase_v and_o we_o know_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o bargain_v that_o if_o the_o rate_n of_o use_n be_v not_o great_a here_o then_o in_o other_o country_n land_n be_v then_o as_o good_a a_o penny_n worth_a at_o twenty_o year_n purchase_v as_o they_o be_v now_o at_o sixteen_o for_o land_n be_v the_o best_a assurance_n and_o secure_a inheritance_n will_v still_o bear_v a_o rate_n above_o money_n now_o if_o land_n be_v at_o thirty_o year_n purchase_v or_o near_o it_o there_o be_v no_o so_o cheap_a purchase_n as_o the_o amendment_n of_o our_o own_o land_n for_o it_o will_v be_v much_o cheap_a to_o make_v one_o acre_n of_o land_n now_o worth_a five_o shilling_n by_o
shall_v be_v call_v down_o to_o the_o first_o that_o money_n have_v long_o go_v at_o ten_o and_o thing_n be_v well_o enough_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o long_o that_o the_o practice_n of_o usury_n have_v be_v so_o general_o use_v without_o any_o sense_n or_o scruple_n of_o the_o unlawfulness_n of_o it_o for_o man_n conscience_n be_v harden_v to_o it_o with_o example_n and_o custom_n by_o degree_n and_o not_o upon_o the_o sudden_a and_o as_o the_o begin_n of_o many_o dangerous_a disease_n in_o healthful_a body_n so_o the_o beginning_n of_o many_o inconvenience_n in_o a_o state_n be_v not_o present_o feel_v with_o we_o after_o that_o with_o long_a civil_a war_n the_o land_n be_v half_o unpeople_v so_o as_o till_o of_o late_a year_n it_o come_v not_o to_o his_o full_a stock_n of_o people_n again_o there_o be_v the_o same_o quantity_n of_o land_n to_o half_a the_o number_n of_o people_n the_o surplusage_n of_o our_o inland_n commodity_n must_v needs_o be_v so_o great_a that_o though_o trade_n be_v not_o equal_o balance_v with_o we_o and_o other_o nation_n we_o can_v not_o but_o grow_v rich_a beside_o france_n and_o the_o low-countries_n be_v for_o many_o year_n half_o lay_v waste_n with_o war_n and_o so_o do_v trade_n but_o little_a nor_o manage_v their_o own_o land_n to_o their_o best_a advantage_n whereby_o they_o do_v not_o only_o not_o take_v the_o trade_n &_o market_n from_o we_o which_o now_o they_o do_v but_o they_o themselves_o be_v feed_v and_o clothe_v by_o we_o and_o take_v our_o commodity_n from_o we_o at_o great_a high_a great_a rate_n whereas_o now_o we_o see_v the_o dutch_a do_v every_o where_o out-trade_n we_o and_o the_o french_a feed_v we_o with_o their_o corn_n even_o in_o plentiful_a year_n so_o as_o now_o our_o land_n be_v full_o stock_v with_o people_n our_o neighbour_n industrious_a and_o subtle_a in_o trade_n if_o we_o do_v not_o more_o equal_o balance_n trade_n and_o bring_v to_o pass_v that_o we_o may_v afford_v the_o fruit_n of_o our_o land_n as_o cheap_a as_o other_o country_n afford_v the_o same_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n we_o must_v though_o we_o leave_v a_o number_n of_o our_o superfluity_n as_o god_n forbid_v but_o we_o shall_v in_o a_o short_a time_n grow_v poor_a and_o beggarly_n and_o in_o this_o condition_n ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o in_o a_o little_a more_o time_n will_v as_o well_o serve_v to_o do_v it_o as_o if_o money_n be_v at_o twenty_o for_o as_o be_v before_o remember_v in_o most_o of_o the_o commodity_n the_o earth_n bring_v forth_o the_o stock_n employ_v in_o plant_v and_o manage_n of_o of_o they_o make_v a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o price_n and_o consequent_o they_o may_v with_o great_a gain_n to_o themselves_o under-sell_a we_o our_o stock_n with_o we_o go_v at_o double_a the_o rate_n that_o they_o go_v with_o they_o and_o this_o we_o see_v and_o feel_v too_o well_o by_o experience_n at_o this_o present_a for_o have_v a_o great_a surplusage_n of_o corn_n we_o can_v find_v no_o vent_n for_o it_o the_o french_a with_o their_o own_o the_o dutch_a with_o the_o corn_n of_o poland_n every_o where_o supply_v the_o market_n at_o cheap_a rate_n than_o we_o can_v afford_v it_o and_o even_o our_o clothes_n which_o have_v hitherto_o be_v the_o golden_a mine_n in_o england_n i_o have_v hear_v many_o merchant_n say_v that_o except_o it_o be_v in_o some_o few_o of_o the_o fine_a sort_n of_o they_o which_o be_v a_o riches_n peculiar_a to_o this_o nation_n other_o country_n begin_v to_o make_v they_o of_o their_o own_o wool_n and_o by_o afford_v they_o cheap_a than_o we_o may_v so_o to_o take_v our_o market_n from_o we_o and_o this_o i_o hope_v may_v in_o part_n serve_v for_o answer_n to_o the_o next_o objection_n that_o all_o great_a and_o sudden_a change_n be_v common_o dangerous_a for_o that_o rule_n hold_v true_a where_o the_o body_n natural_a or_o politic_a be_v in_o perfect_a state_n of_o health_n but_o where_o there_o be_v a_o decline_a as_o i_o have_v some_o cause_n to_o fear_v there_o be_v or_o may_v soon_o be_v with_o we_o there_o to_o make_v no_o alteration_n be_v a_o certain_a way_n to_o ruin_n to_o the_o three_o that_o money_n will_v be_v sudden_o call_v in_o and_o so_o all_o borrower_n great_o prejudice_v for_o that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o clause_n in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o statute_n whensoever_o it_o shall_v be_v make_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o all_o that_o have_v lend_v money_n at_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o which_o be_v now_o forbear_v and_o owe_v to_o take_v for_o such_o money_n so_o lend_v and_o owe_v during_o two_o year_n after_o this_o session_n of_o parliament_n such_o use_v as_o they_o may_v have_v do_v if_o this_o act_n have_v not_o be_v make_v whereby_o borrower_n shall_v be_v in_o less_o danger_n of_o sudden_a call_n in_o of_o their_o money_n then_o now_o they_o be_v for_o where_o the_o lender_n upon_o continuance_n of_o their_o old_a security_n may_v take_v ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o upon_o new_a security_n they_o may_v be_v content_a with_o less_o so_o the_o call_n in_o of_o their_o money_n will_v be_v to_o their_o own_o prejudice_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o borrower_n to_o who_o this_o give_v not_o sufficient_a satisfaction_n if_o such_o borrower_n have_v land_n of_o value_n to_o pay_v his_o debt_n the_o worst_a condition_n he_o can_v fear_v be_v to_o have_v at_o the_o least_o twenty_o year_n purchase_v for_o his_o land_n wherewith_o to_o clear_v his_o debt_n for_o as_o i_o say_v before_o land_n be_v the_o best_a security_n and_o secure_a inheritance_n will_v still_o bear_v a_o rate_n above_o money_n and_o so_o there_o be_v no_o use_n allow_v for_o money_n above_o the_o rate_n tolerate_v in_o other_o country_n land_n will_v as_o ready_o sell_v at_o twenty_o year_n purchase_v as_o it_o do_v now_o at_o twelve_o and_o i_o think_v there_o be_v no_o borrower_n that_o have_v land_n of_o value_n to_o pay_v his_o debt_n do_v doubt_n if_o he_o will_v now_o sell_v his_o land_n at_o ten_o year_n purchase_v he_o may_v soon_o be_v out_o of_o debt_n to_o the_o four_o objection_n that_o money_n will_v be_v hard_a to_o be_v borrow_v and_o so_o commerce_v hinder_v i_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v true_a if_o the_o high_a rate_n of_o usury_n do_v increase_v money_n within_o this_o land_n but_o the_o high_a rate_n of_o usury_n do_v enrich_v only_o the_o usurer_n and_o impoverish_v the_o kingdom_n as_o have_v be_v show_v and_o it_o be_v the_o plenty_n of_o money_n within_o the_o land_n that_o make_v money_n easy_a to_o be_v borrow_v as_o we_o see_v by_o the_o example_n of_o other_o country_n where_o money_n be_v easy_a to_o be_v borrow_v than_o it_o be_v with_o we_o and_o yet_o the_o rate_n tolerate_v for_o use_n be_v little_o more_o than_o half_a so_o much_o it_o be_v the_o high_a rate_n of_o use_n that_o undo_v so_o many_o of_o the_o gentry_n of_o the_o land_n which_o make_v the_o number_n of_o borrower_n so_o great_a and_o the_o number_n of_o borrower_n must_v of_o necessity_n make_v money_n the_o hard_a to_o be_v borrow_v whereas_o if_o use_n for_o money_n be_v at_o a_o low_a rate_n land_n as_o have_v be_v show_v will_v be_v much_o quick_a to_o be_v sell_v and_o at_o dear_a rate_n and_o so_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n will_v soon_o be_v out_o of_o debt_n and_o consequent_o the_o few_o borrower_n and_o so_o to_o tradesman_n and_o merchant_n money_n easy_a to_o be_v have_v further_o let_v we_o consider_v if_o money_n be_v call_v down_o what_o usurer_n will_v do_v with_o their_o money_n they_o will_v not_o i_o suppose_v long_o be_v sullen_a and_o keep_v it_o a_o dead_a stock_n by_o they_o for_o that_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o safe_a way_n of_o keep_v it_o they_o must_v then_o either_o employ_v it_o in_o trade_n purchase_v land_n or_o lend_v for_o use_v at_o such_o rate_n as_o the_o law_n will_v tolerate_v if_o it_o quicken_v trade_n that_o be_v the_o thing_n to_o be_v desire_v for_o that_o will_v enrich_v the_o kingdom_n and_o so_o make_v money_n plentiful_a and_o yet_o need_v not_o any_o borrower_n fear_v that_o monâ—y_n will_v so_o be_v employ_v in_o trade_n as_o that_o there_o will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a of_o money_n to_o purchase_v land_n where_o the_o purchaser_n may_v have_v as_o much_o or_o near_o so_o much_o rend_v by_o the_o purchase_n of_o land_n as_o he_o can_v by_o put_v his_o money_n to_o use_v for_o a_o great_a number_n of_o gentleman_n and_o other_o in_o the_o country_n know_v not_o how_o to_o employ_v any_o stock_n in_o trade_n but_o with_o great_a uncertainty_n and_o less_o satisfaction_n to_o themselves_o than_o the_o let_v of_o their_o money_n at_o a_o low_a rate_n or_o
the_o birth_n and_o that_o the_o next_o generation_n will_v yet_o see_v far_o great_a advantage_n by_o bring_v it_o from_o four_o to_o three_o per_fw-la cent_n trade_n and_o interest_n of_o money_n consider_v etc._n etc._n chap._n i._n a_o short_a reply_n to_o a_o treatise_n entitle_v interest_n of_o money_n mistake_v there_o be_v never_o any_o thing_n propound_v for_o public_a good_a that_o do_v not_o meet_v with_o opposition_n arise_v sometime_o from_o the_o different_a apprehension_n of_o man_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o way_n who_o yet_o have_v the_o same_o design_n as_o to_o the_o end_n sometime_o from_o a_o dislike_n of_o the_o person_n propound_v or_o the_o humour_n of_o such_o as_o will_v have_v nothing_o bring_v into_o the_o world_n but_o by_o their_o own_o midwifery_n and_o be_v therefore_o only_o displease_v with_o a_o thing_n because_o they_o be_v not_o the_o first_o proposer_n of_o it_o themselves_o sometime_o from_o a_o more_o inveterate_a and_o corrupt_a principle_n of_o wish_v thing_n worse_o because_o they_o be_v not_o well_o hate_v that_o any_o thing_n shall_v be_v reform_v because_o they_o can_v bring_v all_o thing_n to_o the_o figure_n of_o their_o own_o fancy_n and_o sometime_o from_o other_o by_o respect_n and_o private_a interest_n whether_o any_o or_o which_o of_o these_o have_v move_v my_o opposer_n i_o will_v not_o here_o determine_v because_o i_o know_v he_o not_o but_o leave_v that_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o impartial_a reader_n if_o the_o gentleman_n love_n to_o his_o country_n be_v such_o as_o he_o profess_v and_o equal_a with_o i_o i_o shall_v not_o doubt_v but_o after_o a_o more_o serious_a examination_n of_o the_o matter_n he_o will_v agree_v with_o i_o in_o the_o thing_n desire_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o treatise_n he_o recite_v nineteen_o obversation_n of_o i_o as_o mean_n whereby_o the_o dutch_a have_v increase_v their_o trade_n and_o riches_n and_o page_n 9_o seem_v to_o approve_v of_o all_o they_o say_v as_o i_o tell_v he_o as_o also_o he_o do_v page_n 22._o that_o more_o may_v be_v add_v but_o be_v not_o so_o kind_a to_o his_o country_n to_o let_v we_o know_v what_o they_o be_v which_o if_o he_o have_v do_v will_v have_v be_v more_o agreeable_a to_o his_o pretend_a candour_n and_o as_o well_o of_o use_n to_o his_o country_n as_o a_o evidence_n of_o his_o own_o sufficiency_n it_o be_v a_o much_o easy_a thing_n to_o cavel_v at_o what_o other_o man_n have_v do_v than_o to_o present_v the_o world_n with_o any_o thing_n new_a and_o material_a of_o our_o own_o page_n 10._o pass_v over_o many_o other_o he_o quarrel_v at_o that_o facetious_a instance_n of_o nobleman_n wear_v in_o former_a time_n sattin-doublet_n with_o canvas_n back_n which_o be_v the_o most_o inconsiderable_a instance_n of_o many_o yet_o upon_o the_o whole_a he_o conclude_v with_o i_o that_o we_o be_v much_o rich_a now_o than_o we_o be_v before_o any_o law_n for_o interest_n be_v make_v and_o that_o we_o have_v grow_v rich_a since_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n from_o 10_o to_o 8_o per_fw-mi cent_z and_o yet_o more_o rich_a since_o it_o be_v abate_v from_o 8_o to_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z which_o pag._n 10._o he_o confess_v and_o pag._n 11._o he_o implicit_o confess_v and_o pag._n 14._o express_o that_o according_a to_o the_o more_o or_o less_o interest_n any_o country_n pay_v for_o money_n the_o rich_a or_o poor_a it_o be_v i_o be_o glad_a we_o be_v thus_o far_o agree_v and_o that_o my_o opposer_n be_v so_o well_o instruct_v hope_v i_o shall_v with_o the_o less_o difficulty_n persuade_v he_o to_o a_o perfect_a understanding_n of_o the_o principle_n in_o controversy_n wherein_o as_o yet_o i_o think_v it_o will_v appear_v he_o be_v no_o great_a master_n but_o before_o i_o enter_v upon_o the_o matter_n i_o must_v tell_v the_o gentleman_n he_o have_v no_o cause_n to_o boast_v as_o to_o that_o particular_a instance_n concern_v noble_a man_n former_a mean_a clothing_n for_o what_o i_o thence_o infer_v be_v certain_o true_a as_o to_o the_o time_n i_o speak_v of_o which_o be_v of_o a_o time_n within_o the_o memory_n of_o a_o man_n then_o live_v since_o trade_n be_v introduce_v into_o this_o kingdom_n which_o he_o endeavour_v to_o overthrow_v by_o a_o instance_n out_o of_o those_o time_n when_o noble_a man_n keep_v multitude_n of_o retainer_n about_o 200_o year_n past_a viz._n before_o henry_n the_o 7th_n time_n and_o before_o trade_n be_v understand_v in_o england_n which_o i_o think_v be_v nothing_o to_o this_o purpose_n pag._n 11._o the_o gentleman_n recite_v my_o answer_n to_o that_o objection_n that_o if_o interest_n be_v abate_v the_o dutch_a will_v call_v home_o their_o money_n to_o which_o i_o reply_v that_o if_o they_o shall_v it_o will_v be_v better_o for_o we_o the_o borrower_n be_v always_o a_o slave_n to_o the_o lender_n which_o he_o say_v be_v no_o more_o in_o the_o case_n of_o english_a and_o dutch_a then_o in_o that_o of_o english_a and_o english_a and_o pag._n 12._o at_o the_o beginning_n he_o say_v that_o i_o have_v discover_v my_o design_n of_o engross_a all_o trade_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o few_o rich_a merchant_n who_o have_v money_n enough_o of_o their_o own_o to_o trade_n with_o to_o the_o exclude_v all_o young_a man_n that_o want_v it_o in_o which_o two_o assertion_n i_o appeal_v to_o all_o rational_a man_n whether_o the_o gentleman_n be_v not_o in_o a_o very_a great_a error_n as_o to_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o principle_n he_o discourse_v for_o if_o one_o englishman_n lend_v to_o another_o be_v the_o interest_n high_a or_o low_o between_o they_o two_o nothing_o be_v get_v or_o lose_v to_o the_o nation_n whereas_o if_o a_o dutchman_n lend_v money_n to_o a_o englishman_n he_o at_o length_n carry_v home_o both_o principal_a and_o interest_n which_o interest_n be_v it_o more_o or_o less_o be_v a_o clear_a loss_n to_o the_o nation_n which_o be_v so_o evident_a that_o i_o hope_v my_o opposer_n when_o he_o have_v think_v upon_o it_o again_o will_v not_o upbraid_v i_o for_o beg_v the_o question_n because_o i_o trouble_v not_o the_o reader_n with_o the_o particular_a proof_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o i_o hear_v no_o man_n deny_v and_o therefore_o conclude_v every_o man_n will_v grant_v for_o whether_o snow_n be_v white_a be_v not_o to_o be_v dispute_v in_o his_o second_o assertion_n likewise_o that_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n tend_v to_o the_o engross_n of_o trade_n into_o a_o few_o rich_a man_n hand_n to_o the_o exclude_v of_o young_a man_n i_o appeal_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o understand_a merchant_n and_o rational_a man_n whether_o the_o gentleman_n be_v not_o miserable_o mistake_v and_o whether_o the_o never-failing_a effect_n of_o a_o high_a interest_n all_o the_o world_n over_o be_v not_o to_o enrich_v a_o few_o great_o and_o impoverish_v the_o generality_n of_o trader_n so_o it_o be_v in_o turkey_n where_o interest_n be_v at_o 20_o per_fw-la cent_z and_o upward_o if_o we_o may_v believe_v those_o honest_a and_o worthy_a turkey_n merchant_n who_o be_v now_o upon_o the_o exchange_n and_o have_v live_v long_o in_o that_o country_n and_o so_o it_o be_v with_o we_o here_o when_o interest_n be_v at_o 10_o per_fw-mi cent_z and_o upward_o as_o i_o have_v already_o demonstrate_v by_o the_o instance_n of_o sutton_n gresham_n craven_n and_o spencer_n so_o that_o he_o must_v be_v natural_o blind_a or_o put_v out_o his_o eye_n who_o do_v not_o see_v that_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n be_v a_o diffusive_a principle_n hence_o it_o follow_v that_o as_o few_o great_a and_o rich_a merchant_n who_o estate_n be_v personal_a except_o they_o have_v also_o great_a soul_n can_v bear_v the_o discourse_n of_o abate_v interest_n with_o more_o patience_n than_o usurer_n well_o know_v that_o it_o must_v necessary_o retrench_v their_o present_a profit_n by_o increase_a the_o number_n of_o trader_n which_o though_o it_o be_v a_o small_a loss_n to_o individual_n will_v be_v a_o vast_a gain_n to_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o nation_n at_o the_o low_a end_n of_o pag._n 12._o his_o word_n be_v that_o in_o my_o instance_n of_o old_a audley_n observe_v that_o 100_o l._n at_o 10_o per_fw-mi cent_z will_v in_o 70_o year_n amount_v to_o 100000_o l._n he_o affirm_v i_o be_o no_o less_o mistake_v than_o in_o other_o thing_n true_o if_o i_o have_v mistake_v no_o more_o in_o other_o thing_n than_o in_o that_o in_o such_o a_o untrodden_a path_n as_o this_o i_o have_v fail_v much_o less_o than_o i_o can_v hope_v for_o to_o demonstrate_v which_o i_o have_v here_o insert_v a_o short_a table_n show_v that_o 100_o l._n at_o that_o rate_n rise_v within_o a_o trifle_n to_o 200_o l._n in_o seven_o year_n interest_n upon_o interest_n so_o that_o the_o usual_a account_n be_v and_o
purchase_v land_n at_o twenty_o year_n purchase_v or_o upward_o no_o doubt_n for_o the_o present_a there_o will_v be_v great_a buy_n and_o sell_v of_o land_n till_o man_n have_v clear_v themselves_o and_o pay_v their_o debt_n but_o in_o short_a time_n land_n as_o it_o be_v show_v before_o will_v sell_v at_o so_o dear_a a_o rate_n as_o money_n let_v at_o a_o low_a rate_n of_o use_n will_v bring_v in_o proportion_n as_o great_a a_o rate_n above_o the_o rent_n that_o will_v be_v make_v then_o by_o the_o purchase_n of_o land_n as_o the_o rate_n of_o money_n now_o be_v above_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n purchase_v at_o fourteen_o or_o fifteen_o year_n purchase_v and_o so_o by_o consequence_n money_n will_v then_o as_o easy_o be_v borrow_v as_o it_o be_v now_o and_o so_o much_o easy_a as_o it_o will_v be_v more_o plentiful_a and_o few_o borrower_n to_o the_o last_o and_o weak_a of_o objection_n that_o there_o be_v now_o much_o money_n of_o foreigner_n in_o the_o land_n to_o be_v manage_v at_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o which_o if_o money_n shall_v be_v call_v down_o will_v be_v carry_v out_o of_o the_o land_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n it_o be_v true_a but_o i_o desire_v to_o know_v whether_o any_o man_n think_v it_o better_o for_o the_o state_n that_o they_o shall_v now_o carry_v out_o one_o hundred_o pound_n or_o seven_o year_n hence_o two_o or_o fourteen_o year_n hence_o four_o or_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n hence_o eight_o for_o so_o in_o effect_n upon_o the_o multiply_a of_o interest_n they_o do_v it_o will_v seem_v incredible_a to_o such_o as_o have_v not_o consider_v it_o but_o to_o any_o that_o will_v but_o cast_v it_o up_o it_o be_v plain_o manifest_a that_o a_o hundred_o pound_n manage_v at_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o in_o seventy_o year_n multiply_v itself_o to_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n so_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n of_o foreigner_n money_n now_o manage_v here_o at_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o and_o that_o do_v seem_v no_o great_a matter_n that_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n in_o threescore_o and_o ten_o year_n which_o be_v but_o the_o age_n of_o a_o man_n will_v carry_v out_o ten_o million_o which_o i_o believe_v be_v more_o than_o all_o the_o coin_n at_o this_o present_a in_o the_o land_n i_o know_v we_o can_v conceive_v how_o any_o such_o sum_n shall_v be_v manage_v at_o interest_n yet_o this_o be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v we_o little_a to_o joy_n in_o foreigner_n money_n beside_o we_o must_v not_o conceive_v that_o the_o money_n of_o foreigner_n which_o be_v here_o manage_v at_o usury_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o land_n in_o ready_a coin_n or_o bullion_n the_o course_n be_v that_o merchant_n send_v over_o bill_n of_o exchange_n to_o their_o factor_n for_o which_o they_o receive_v our_o money_n here_o and_o this_o be_v the_o money_n they_o manage_v at_o interest_n and_o so_o they_o eat_v we_o out_o with_o our_o own_o money_n the_o old_a comparison_n which_o compare_v usury_n to_o the_o butler_n box_n deserve_v to_o be_v remember_v whilst_o man_n be_v at_o play_n they_o feel_v not_o what_o they_o give_v to_o the_o box_n but_o at_o the_o end_n of_o christmas_n it_o make_v all_o or_o near_o all_o gamester_n loser_n and_o i_o fear_v the_o comparison_n hold_v thus_o much_o far_o that_o there_o be_v as_o few_o escape_n that_o continue_v in_o usury_n as_o that_o continue_v gamester_n a_o man_n may_v play_v once_o or_o twice_o and_o leave_v a_o winner_n but_o the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v seldom_o without_o ruin_n now_o because_o i_o know_v man_n private_a interest_n do_v many_o time_n blind_v their_o judgement_n and_o lest_o any_o may_v be_v tempt_v for_o their_o own_o against_o the_o public_a good_a i_o will_v desire_v they_o to_o remember_v that_o if_o they_o have_v land_n as_o well_o as_o money_n that_o what_o they_o lose_v in_o their_o money_n they_o shall_v get_v it_o in_o their_o land_n for_o land_n and_o money_n be_v ever_o in_o balance_n one_o against_o the_o other_o and_o where_o money_n be_v dear_a land_n be_v cheap_a and_o where_o money_n be_v cheap_a land_n be_v dear_a and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o yet_o so_o hearty_a a_o wellwisher_a to_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o as_o that_o he_o still_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o be_v continue_v my_o wish_n be_v that_o he_o and_o his_o posterity_n may_v have_v the_o privilege_n to_o borrow_v but_o not_o to_o lend_v at_o that_o rate_n in_o the_o baginning_n of_o this_o treatise_n i_o do_v disclaim_v the_o proof_n of_o the_o unlawfulness_n of_o usury_n leave_v they_o to_o divine_n this_o one_o only_a rise_v from_o the_o premise_n which_o may_v serve_v for_o all_o i_o think_v fit_a to_o set_v down_o it_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o the_o divine_n that_o ever_o be_v without_o exception_n of_o any_o yea_o and_o by_o the_o usurer_n themselves_o that_o bite_a usury_n be_v unlawful_a now_o since_o it_o have_v be_v prove_v that_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o do_v bite_v the_o land_a man_n do_v bite_v the_o poor_a do_v bite_v trade_n do_v bite_v the_o king_n in_o his_o custom_n do_v bite_v the_o fruit_n of_o the_o land_n and_o most_o of_o all_o the_o land_n itself_o do_v bite_v all_o work_n of_o piety_n of_o virtue_n and_o glory_n to_o the_o state_n no_o man_n can_v deny_v but_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o be_v absolute_o unlawful_a howsoever_o happy_o a_o lesser_a rate_n may_v be_v otherwise_o to_o the_o king_n increase_v of_o his_o custom_n to_o the_o kingdom_n increase_n of_o land_n by_o enrich_v of_o this_o to_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n deliverance_n from_o bondage_n and_o debt_n to_o merchant_n continuance_n and_o flourish_a in_o their_o trade_n to_o young_a beginner_n in_o trade_n and_o commerce_n the_o fruit_n of_o their_o own_o labour_n to_o labourer_n quick_a employment_n to_o usurer_n land_n for_o the_o money_n postscript_n since_o the_o foregoing_a paper_n be_v deliver_v to_o the_o press_n mr_n henry_n daker_n merchant_n send_v i_o a_o most_o rational_a and_o admirable_a treatise_n concern_v trade_n call_v england_n interest_n and_o improvement_n write_v by_o samuel_n fortrey_n esq_n one_o of_o the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o majesty_n privy_a chamber_n in_o which_o he_o mention_n something_o concern_v the_o interest_n of_o money_n in_o the_o follow_a word_n pag._n 42._o viz._n in_o the_o last_o place_n concern_v the_o use_n of_o money_n which_o be_v the_o life_n and_o sinew_n of_o trade_n it_o have_v be_v the_o opinion_n of_o some_o that_o the_o great_a use_n be_v allow_v for_o money_n the_o more_o will_v be_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o public_a for_o that_o stranger_n find_v a_o great_a benefit_n to_o be_v make_v of_o their_o money_n here_o than_o other_o where_o will_v send_v it_o hither_o whereby_o money_n will_v be_v much_o more_o plentiful_a among_o we_o indeed_o i_o shall_v be_v of_o their_o opinion_n if_o as_o soon_o as_o by_o this_o mean_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n be_v transport_v hither_o all_o their_o money_n shall_v be_v confiscate_v to_o the_o public_a but_o if_o otherwise_o sure_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o the_o great_a the_o use_n the_o more_o the_o profit_n to_o the_o usurer_n and_o loss_n to_o the_o debtor_n so_o as_o in_o a_o few_o year_n we_o shall_v find_v ourselves_o so_o little_o enrich_v thereby_o that_o when_o the_o principal_a shall_v be_v again_o recall_v we_o shall_v find_v but_o little_a money_n leave_v all_o our_o own_o be_v waste_v in_o use_n wherefore_o indeed_o the_o true_a benefit_n to_o the_o public_a be_v to_o set_v the_o use_n of_o money_n as_o low_a or_o rather_o low_a than_o in_o our_o neighbour_n country_n it_o be_v for_o than_o they_o will_v make_v no_o profit_n out_o â—f_v we_o by_o that_o mean_n but_o rather_o we_o on_o they_o and_o it_o be_v the_o clear_a profit_n that_o we_o get_v of_o our_o own_o that_o will_v make_v this_o nation_n ricâ—_n and_o not_o the_o great_a sum_n we_o be_v indebt_v to_o other_o which_o i_o have_v here_o insert_v for_o such_o like_a reason_n first_o that_o the_o world_n may_v see_v i_o be_o not_o singular_a in_o this_o opinion_n although_o i_o think_v i_o have_v be_v so_o when_o first_o i_o write_v the_o aforesaid_a observation_n secondâ—y_o for_o confirmation_n of_o the_o truth_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o person_n of_o such_o know_a ability_n three_o to_o give_v the_o author_n his_o due_a honour_n of_o be_v the_o first_o observer_n etc._n etc._n and_o i_o be_o sorry_a i_o know_v not_o the_o ingenious_a author_n of_o the_o former_a tract_n that_o i_o may_v do_v right_a to_o his_o memory_n who_o have_v do_v more_o for_o his_o country_n than_o will_v have_v be_v the_o gift_n of_o some_o million_o of_o pound_n sterling_n into_o the_o public_a exchequer_n finis_fw-la errata_fw-la discourse_n concern_v trade_n etc._n etc._n in_o page_n 15_o line_n 15_o read_v experience_n p_o 25_o l_o 21_o r_o a_o memorable_a p_o 31_o l_o 6_o r_o administrari_fw-la trade_n and_o interest_n of_o money_n etc._n etc._n page_n 11_o line_n 27_o for_o a_o due_a r_o due_a p_o 48_o l_o 17_o f_o this_o r_o his_o p_o 54_o l_o 3_o r_o conclude_v l_o 20_o r_o discharge_v p._n 57_o l_o 26_o r_o decrease_v p_o 59_o l_o 7_o f_z prophence_o r_o propense_a p_o 65_o l_o 26_o f_z care_v r_o cure_n p_o 83_o l_o 16_o r_o company_n p_o 97_o l_o 21_o r_o 50_o or_o 25_o l._n per_fw-la cent_n p_o 99_o l_o 7_o r_o estimate_n l_o 18_o f_o not_o one_o r_o very_o few_o if_o any_o l_o 29_o f_o our_o r_o any_o p_o 111_o l_o 27_o f_z or_o r_o of_o p_o 113_o l_o 19_o r_o maritine_a l_o 22_o f_o be_v r_o and._n p_o 117_o l_o 13_o deal_n so_o l_o 16_o r_o record_n p_o 100l_n l_o 15_o f_z being_z r_o be_v l_o 25_o f_o many_o r_o main_a p_o 121_o l_o 26_o f_o many_o r_o main_a p_o 131_o l_o 19_o r_o number_n p_o 134_o l_o 7_o r_o maker_n p_o 135_o l_o 2_o r_o be_v general_o l_o 7_o f_z infinite_a r_o infinity_n p_o 136_o l_o 26_o r_o and_o be_v p_o 138_o l_o 26_o r_o bankrupt_n p_o 145_o l_o 9_o r_o furnish_v p_o 147_o l_o 1_o f_o be_v r_o if_o p_o 148_o l_o 4_o r_o accident_n and._n p_o 152_o r_o diminution_n l_o 20_o r_o that_o it_o be_v p_o 158_o l_o 27_o f_o onum_fw-la r_o unum_fw-la p_o 163_o l_o 27_o r_o plausible_a p_o 172_o l_o 3_o r_o involuntary_o send_v thither_o l_o 27_o r_o have_v be_v p_o 182_o l_o 8_o r_o distribution_n p_o 187_o l_o 8_o r_o as_o sectary_n p_o 194_o l_o 17_o r_o per_fw-la cent_n l_o 18_o r_o per_fw-la cent_n p_o 195_o l_o 27_o r_o newfoundland_n p_o 199_o l_o 12_o f_o bengal_n r_o bandel_n p_o 231_o l_o 9_o r_o his_o majesty_n