begin_v in_o the_o year_n 1545._o continue_v to_o the_o year_n 1563._o the_o history_n of_o which_o council_n write_v by_o pietro_n soave_fw-it polano_n a_o venetian_a of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o servi_n a_o man_n of_o admire_a learning_n of_o a_o exquisite_a judgement_n of_o a_o indefatigable_a industry_n and_o of_o a_o modesty_n and_o integrity_n that_o be_v scarce_o to_o be_v equal_v be_v in_o truth_n of_o more_o value_n than_o any_o gold_n i_o think_v i_o may_v say_v then_o any_o jewel_n and_o like_a to_o outlive_v the_o most_o last_a monument_n which_o commendation_n be_v give_v deserve_o to_o this_o historian_n by_o that_o worthy_a and_o learned_a merton-coll_n person_n who_o faithful_o translate_v this_o history_n into_o english_a who_o also_o be_v the_o first_o person_n who_o bring_v this_o precious_a jewel_n into_o these_o western_a part_n and_o to_o the_o great_a good_a of_o the_o church_n first_o publish_v it_o and_o in_o the_o preliminary_n epistle_n have_v thus_o represent_v the_o author_n character_n and_o that_o not_o without_o good_a cause_n for_o he_o have_v have_v a_o learned_a intercourse_n with_o he_o and_o for_o some_o time_n converse_v familiar_o with_o he_o know_v he_o thorough_o yea_o the_o work_n itself_o confirm_v the_o truth_n of_o all_o this_o which_o be_v extract_v out_o of_o the_o memoires_n and_o commentary_n of_o ambassador_n out_o of_o the_o letter_n of_o prince_n and_o commonwealth_n and_o from_o the_o write_n of_o the_o prelate_n divine_n and_o of_o the_o very_a legate_n who_o be_v present_a in_o the_o council_n which_o write_n have_v till_o then_o be_v careful_o keep_v and_o out_o of_o they_o this_o history_n be_v extract_v with_o so_o much_o labour_n accuracy_n study_n and_o fidelity_n as_o the_o say_v most_o learned_a and_o famous_a knight_n have_v there_o observe_v that_o it_o may_v equal_v the_o best_a of_o all_o the_o ancient_a or_o modern_a history_n of_o that_o nature_n neither_o be_v you_o my_o hearer_n to_o conceive_v that_o this_o be_v the_o testimony_n of_o one_o single_a person_n concern_v either_o the_o work_n or_o the_o author_n be_v please_v then_o to_o accept_v a_o second_o and_o like_a testimony_n concern_v both_o from_o the_o latin_a translator_n knight_n also_o a_o person_n of_o the_o same_o degree_n with_o the_o former_a and_o for_o his_o great_a ingenuity_n and_o erudition_n of_o a_o flourish_a name_n who_o write_v thus_o of_o that_o author_n nor_o do_v he_o stand_v in_o any_o need_n of_o my_o commendation_n his_o work_n speak_v he_o a_o person_n of_o a_o happy_a ingenuity_n and_o of_o a_o great_a and_o right_a judgement_n liberal_o endow_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o learning_n and_o abundant_o adorn_v both_o with_o divine_a and_o humane_a knowledge_n and_o that_o as_o well_o moral_a as_o political_n or_o civil_a whereby_o he_o have_v attain_v a_o high_a degree_n both_o of_o probity_n and_o sweetness_n of_o mind_n and_o of_o the_o work_n itself_o he_o speak_v thus_o as_o to_o what_o concern_v the_o structure_n of_o this_o history_n whether_o you_o consider_v the_o thing_n themselves_o or_o his_o language_n and_o in_o the_o thing_n if_o you_o observe_v the_o order_n of_o time_n the_o counsel_n the_o thing_n do_v the_o event_n and_o in_o the_o management_n of_o affair_n if_o you_o desire_v not_o only_o what_o be_v do_v or_o say_v shall_v be_v discourse_v but_o also_o in_o what_o manner_n and_o that_o when_o the_o event_n be_v tell_v at_o the_o same_o time_n all_o the_o cause_n shall_v be_v unfold_v and_o all_o the_o accident_n which_o spring_v from_o wisdom_n or_o folly_n all_o these_o and_o a_o multitude_n of_o other_o such_o like_a thing_n which_o the_o great_a master_n of_o history_n require_v in_o a_o good_a historian_n he_o have_v perform_v so_o full_o and_o exact_o that_o in_o form_v the_o history_n of_o one_o council_n he_o have_v represent_v all_o the_o perfection_n of_o history_n and_o upon_o this_o account_n deserve_v to_o be_v number_v among_o the_o most_o noble_a historian_n thuanus_n jacobus_n augustus_n thuanus_n a_o man_n of_o noble_a birth_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o dignity_n and_o worthy_a of_o the_o principal_a place_n among_o the_o historian_n of_o this_o age_n as_o we_o have_v observe_v above_o write_v the_o affair_n of_o this_o century_n as_o well_o ecclesiastical_a as_o civil_a from_o the_o year_n 1546_o to_o the_o year_n 1608_o with_o great_a exactness_n which_o history_n we_o have_v late_o continue_v to_o the_o year_n 1618._o vossius_fw-la beside_o all_o these_o which_o i_o have_v name_v the_o book_n of_o the_o learned_a and_o famous_a gerardus_n johannes_n vossius_fw-la concern_v the_o greek_a and_o latin_a historian_n will_v supply_v the_o reader_n with_o the_o name_n of_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o other_o both_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a historian_n out_o of_o which_o any_o man_n that_o be_v not_o please_v with_o the_o choice_n i_o have_v make_v may_v choose_v out_o other_o at_o his_o pleasure_n but_o thus_o i_o think_v and_o that_o i_o have_v speak_v enough_o concern_v the_o first_o part_n of_o my_o method_n the_o method_n and_o order_n of_o read_v history_n part_v the_o second_o concern_v a_o competent_a reader_n sect_n i._o a_o young_a man_n be_v as_o well_o to_o be_v think_v a_o unqualify_v or_o incompetent_a reader_n of_o history_n as_o of_o moral_a philosophy_n what_o thing_n be_v require_v to_o both_o the_o end_n and_o scope_n of_o read_v the_o disagree_a opinion_n of_o the_o most_o learned_a vossius_fw-la and_o keckerman_n concern_v this_o question_n we_o have_v finish_v the_o first_o part_n in_o which_o we_o have_v represent_v the_o author_n both_o of_o the_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a history_n and_o we_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o those_o which_o we_o esteem_v the_o best_a of_o both_o sort_n and_o have_v also_o show_v in_o what_o order_n they_o be_v to_o be_v read_v and_o now_o in_o the_o second_o place_n we_o must_v inquire_v who_o be_v a_o competent_a reader_n of_o they_o and_o we_o shall_v do_v this_o with_o as_o much_o brevity_n as_o be_v possible_a aristotle_n dispute_v in_o the_o first_o book_n and_o three_o chapter_n of_o his_o ethic_n concern_v the_o competent_a and_o well-qualified_a hearer_n of_o those_o doctrine_n he_o be_v to_o deliver_v there_o conclude_v thus_o a_o young_a man_n be_v not_o a_o well-qualified_a etc._n hearer_n of_o civil_a knowledge_n or_o morality_n because_o he_o be_v not_o experience_v in_o the_o action_n which_o concern_v this_o life_n because_o youth_n be_v ignorant_a in_o judge_v do_v easy_o despise_v good_a advice_n and_o embrace_v bad_a counsel_n by_o which_o it_o be_v delude_v and_o deceive_v but_o now_o if_o our_o master_n have_v give_v a_o right_a sentence_n in_o this_o case_n what_o reason_n can_v be_v give_v why_o we_o may_v not_o pass_v the_o same_o sentence_n in_o our_o disquisition_n concern_v a_o fit_a and_o competent_a reader_n of_o history_n see_v wise_a man_n have_v observe_v that_o history_n be_v nothing_o but_o moral_a philosophy_n clothe_v in_o example_n in_o the_o hearer_n of_o ethic_n or_o politic_n there_o be_v require_v in_o the_o first_o place_n judgement_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o he_o may_v judge_v well_o concern_v the_o rule_n of_o action_n and_o in_o the_o next_o place_n be_v require_v a_o well-disposed_a mind_n that_o he_o may_v with_o dexterity_n endeavour_v to_o bring_v into_o use_v the_o precept_n he_o have_v receive_v and_o in_o the_o selfsame_a manner_n it_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o reader_n of_o history_n to_o have_v the_o faculty_n of_o apprehend_v whatever_o example_n he_o read_v and_o judge_v well_o of_o they_o and_o then_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v a_o inclination_n and_o propensity_n of_o mind_n to_o follow_v what_o be_v good_a and_o to_o shun_v and_o avoid_v what_o be_v evil_a and_o of_o turn_v all_o he_o meet_v with_o to_o his_o use_n and_o advantage_n for_o the_o principal_a end_n of_o history_n be_v practice_n and_o not_o knowledge_n or_o contemplation_n and_o therefore_o we_o must_v learn_v not_o only_o that_o we_o may_v know_v but_o that_o we_o may_v do_v well_o and_o live_v honest_o and_o therefore_o there_o be_v some_o man_n of_o very_o great_a learning_n who_o assert_v there_o be_v hardly_o any_o sort_n of_o study_n which_o seem_v to_o require_v more_o sagacity_n judgement_n experience_n and_o prudence_n than_o in_o read_v history_n which_o be_v the_o best_a mistress_n of_o civil_a conversation_n and_o therefore_o i_o have_v ever_o wonder_v that_o gerardus_n johannes_n vossius_fw-la who_o deserve_v to_o be_v number_v among_o the_o prince_n of_o learning_n in_o this_o age_n shall_v in_o his_o elegant_a book_n the_o art_n historica_fw-la of_o the_o historick_n art_n stiff_o maintain_v that_o this_o sort_n of_o study_n be_v fit_a for_o young_a man_n and_o reject_v the_o opinion_n and_o confute_v and_o take_v off_o the_o argument_n of_o bartolomaeus_n
but_o though_o his_o modesty_n extort_a this_o complaint_n from_o he_o the_o reader_n will_v scarce_o find_v it_o in_o this_o oration_n in_o the_o year_n 1625_o he_o first_o publish_v this_o piece_n in_o latin_a which_o he_o review_v and_o enlarge_v in_o the_o year_n 1635_o and_o 1636_o and_o reprint_v again_o in_o the_o year_n 1637._o he_o be_v admit_v principal_a of_o glocester-hall_n in_o the_o same_o university_n the_o four_o of_o april_n 1626._o where_o he_o continue_v till_o the_o day_n of_o his_o death_n which_o be_v the_o first_o of_o august_n 1647_o and_o he_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o chapel_n of_o that_o house_n so_o many_o year_n he_o manage_v this_o place_n whereas_o his_o successor_n mr._n robert_n waring_n be_v choose_v the_o 11_o of_o august_n of_o that_o year_n and_o turn_v out_o for_o his_o loyalty_n the_o 14_o of_o september_n 1648_o by_o the_o parliamentary_a visitor_n beside_o this_o piece_n he_o write_v in_o the_o year_n 1623._o a_o funeral_n oration_n contain_v a_o historical_a account_n of_o the_o life_n and_o death_n of_o mr._n camden_n and_o a_o dedication_n of_o the_o statue_n of_o that_o great_a man_n in_o the_o history_n school_n there_o and_o also_o a_o collection_n of_o gratulatory_a epistle_n which_o three_o last_o piece_n be_v print_v together_o at_o oxford_n in_o the_o year_n 1628._o the_o character_n give_v he_o by_o the_o author_n of_o the_o say_a history_n of_o oxford_n be_v this_o vir_fw-la fuit_fw-la urbanus_fw-la doctus_fw-la &_o pius_fw-la he_o be_v a_o pleasant_a learned_a and_o pious_a man._n to_o which_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o add_v that_o he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a industry_n and_o modesty_n as_o the_o reader_n will_v see_v when_o he_o come_v to_o read_v this_o piece_n nor_o be_v his_o gratitude_n to_o the_o great_a camden_n less_o usible_a both_o in_o his_o oration_n which_o he_o make_v when_o he_o enter_v upon_o the_o reader_n be_v place_n and_o also_o in_o the_o two_o other_o which_o be_v make_v and_o publish_v after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o benefactor_n though_o it_o be_v his_o great_a calamity_n to_o live_v in_o time_n of_o trouble_n and_o confusion_n yet_o god_n be_v please_v to_o let_v he_o depart_v in_o peace_n before_o the_o execrable_a murder_n of_o his_o sovereign_n and_o before_o the_o rebel_n have_v purge_v that_o university_n of_o whatever_o be_v loyal_a and_o constant._n for_o though_o the_o parliament_n have_v attempt_v this_o the_o june_n before_o he_o die_v yet_o they_o can_v not_o then_o effect_v their_o ill_a design_n as_o to_o the_o version_n i_o have_v do_v the_o best_a i_o can_v to_o make_v it_o true_a and_o smooth_a which_o be_v not_o so_o easy_a as_o at_o first_o i_o think_v it_o will_v have_v be_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o quotation_n out_o of_o other_o author_n many_o of_o which_o be_v so_o very_o short_a and_o dark_a in_o their_o expression_n that_o i_o can_v scarce_o if_o at_o all_o tell_v how_o to_o find_v english_a word_n that_o will_v represent_v their_o notion_n true_o and_o beside_o this_o it_o be_v uneasy_a for_o a_o man_n to_o accommodate_v himself_o so_o sudden_o to_o such_o a_o variety_n of_o styles_n as_o here_o occur_v in_o almost_o every_o page_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a i_o may_v have_v commit_v many_o error_n and_o mistake_n i_o have_v also_o presume_v in_o some_o place_n to_o make_v addition_n too_o when_o i_o think_v it_o necessary_a but_o then_o i_o have_v give_v the_o reader_n notice_n of_o they_o that_o he_o may_v know_v what_o be_v add_v and_o what_o be_v the_o author_n a_o short_a representation_n of_o the_o several_a lecture_n the_o entrance_n the_o occasion_n of_o repeat_v these_o lecture_n and_o example_n the_o scope_n of_o they_o and_o public_a use_n which_o yet_o be_v not_o to_o be_v rash_o publish_v the_o excessive_a confidence_n of_o the_o writer_n of_o this_o age._n modesty_n be_v recommend_v by_o the_o example_n of_o pliny_n secundus_fw-la the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o recite_v very_o useful_a to_o be_v desire_v in_o this_o age._n no_o argument_n of_o ostentation_n but_o rather_o of_o modesty_n the_o convenience_n of_o a_o live_a voice_n in_o what_o hear_v excellent_a read_n the_o definition_n end_n division_n and_o several_a sort_n of_o history_n part_v the_o first_o the_o head_n of_o the_o section_n sect_n i._o three_o thing_n be_v require_v to_o the_o advantageous_a read_n of_o history_n upon_o occasion_n of_o which_o the_o three_o part_n of_o this_o discourse_n be_v propose_v sect_n ii_o what_o order_n of_o historian_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v and_o how_o to_o be_v enter_v upon_o three_o interval_n of_o time_n to_o be_v observe_v what_o a_o epocha_n be_v and_o of_o how_o many_o sort_n the_o several_a flood_n in_o what_o time_n they_o happen_v the_o unwritten_a interval_n the_o fabulous_a the_o olympiad_n the_o historical_a interval_n sect_n iii_o the_o series_n of_o the_o great_a monarchy_n and_o their_o fatal_a succession_n that_o there_o be_v four_o eminent_a monarchy_n that_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o mede_n and_o persian_n be_v but_o one_o that_o these_o empire_n be_v foretell_v by_o the_o prophet_n the_o name_n of_o great_a monarchy_n in_o vain_a quarrel_v by_o bodinus_fw-la that_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n be_v the_o great_a sect_n iv._o the_o rise_n and_o duration_n of_o the_o assyrio-chaldaean_a empire_n and_o also_o of_o the_o medio_fw-la persian_a then_o of_o the_o grecian_a the_o beginning_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n before_o julius_n caesar._n how_o many_o year_n intervene_v betwixt_o he_o and_o charles_n the_o great_a and_o betwixt_o the_o latter_a and_o charles_n the_o five_o sect_n v._o why_o these_o four_o empire_n be_v by_o way_n of_o eminence_n call_v the_o four_o monarchy_n sect_n vi_o how_o the_o read_n of_o history_n be_v to_o be_v enter_v upon_o good_a epitome_n be_v not_o to_o be_v condemn_v synopsis_fw-la of_o history_n chronology_n some_o compendium_n be_v by_o name_n recommend_v what_o author_n concern_v the_o universal_a history_n be_v to_o be_v consult_v rauleigh_n be_v especial_o to_o be_v esteem_v the_o history_n of_o the_o bible_n be_v the_o most_o ancient_a and_o first_o to_o be_v read_v sect_n vii_o from_o whence_o the_o history_n of_o the_o assyrio-caldean_a empire_n be_v to_o be_v derive_v of_o berosus_n ctesias_n megasthenes_n and_o their_o counterfeit_v write_n that_o in_o the_o defect_n of_o they_o we_o must_v have_v recourse_n to_o josephus_n the_o great_a loss_n of_o diodorus_n siculus_n to_o be_v supply_v from_o other_o especial_o from_o josephus_n and_o the_o prophetic_a story_n diogenes_n laertius_n commend_v sect_n viii_o herodotus_n where_o he_o begin_v his_o history_n and_o where_o he_o end_v his_o commendation_n in_o what_o time_n he_o flourish_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o second_o general_n monarchy_n the_o argument_n of_o the_o several_a book_n of_o herodotus_n why_o the_o name_n of_o the_o muse_n be_v put_v before_o the_o several_a book_n in_o which_o herodotus_n be_v excuse_v against_o lodovicus_n vives_n from_o what_o author_n this_o history_n may_v be_v enlarge_v and_o illustrate_v sect_n ix_o thucydides_n his_o elegy_n from_o whence_o and_o how_o far_o he_o deduce_v his_o history_n which_o he_o contain_v in_o eight_o book_n their_o argument_n short_o and_o distinct_o lay_v down_o and_o what_o author_n write_v of_o the_o same_o time_n and_o war_n with_o he_o sect_n x._o xenophon_n his_o commendation_n and_o elegy_n when_o and_o in_o what_o order_n he_o be_v to_o be_v read_v that_o he_o write_v the_o history_n of_o 48_o year_n which_o again_o may_v be_v enlarge_v out_o of_o plutarch_n justin_n and_o diodorus_n siculus_n sect_n xi_o diodorus_n siculus_n his_o beautiful_a elegy_n he_o travel_v over_o several_a country_n before_o he_o write_v his_o history_n he_o continue_v xenophon_n story_n in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o 15_o book_n and_o in_o the_o 16_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o action_n of_o philip_n of_o macedon_n and_o so_o go_v on_o to_o alexander_n the_o great_a and_o describe_v the_o rise_n of_o the_o three_o general_a monarchy_n sect_n xii_o divers_a author_n have_v write_v the_o action_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a arrianus_n q._n curtius_n their_o eulogy_n in_o what_o time_n they_o live_v diodorus_n siculus_n prosecute_v the_o history_n of_o the_o successor_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a other_o author_n afford_v useful_a addition_n sect_n xiii_o polybius_n when_o to_o be_v read_v of_o what_o time_n he_o write_v how_o he_o apply_v his_o mind_n to_o history_n how_o great_a a_o man_n he_o be_v how_o much_o admire_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o history_n lose_v or_o reduce_v to_o fragment_n the_o content_n of_o the_o exi_a book_n sect_n fourteen_o of_o the_o four_o monarchy_n the_o roman_a a_o transition_n to_o its_o story_n the_o praise_n of_o both_o and_o the_o loss_n of_o its_o historian_n
i_o have_v note_v already_o diodorus_n dionysius_n and_o dion_n cassius_n who_o if_o they_o be_v now_o extant_a entire_a we_o shall_v then_o have_v a_o perfect_a memory_n of_o the_o roman_a affair_n from_o the_o build_n of_o that_o city_n to_o the_o thousand_o year_n of_o its_o age._n but_o let_v we_o be_v content_a with_o what_o be_v leave_v the_o divine_a providence_n have_v so_o order_v it_o that_o out_o of_o the_o relic_n of_o what_o remain_v the_o body_n of_o the_o roman_a history_n may_v yet_o be_v beautiful_o build_v up_o the_o picture_n of_o which_o in_o little_a be_v most_o artful_o draw_v by_o our_o l._n annaeus_n florus_n sect_n xv._n from_o whence_o the_o course_n of_o the_o roman_a story_n be_v to_o be_v begin_v l._n annaeus_n florus_n commend_v the_o judgement_n of_o learned_a man_n concern_v he_o he_o be_v not_o the_o same_o with_o the_o epitomiser_n of_o livy_n his_o error_n or_o mistake_n excuse_v how_o these_o error_n in_o probability_n creep_v in_o the_o consular_a fast_n of_o sigonius_n and_o onuphrius_n and_o also_o pighius_fw-la his_o annal_n commend_v very_a learned_a man_n and_o well_o acquaint_v english_a with_o the_o roman_a history_n exhort_v the_o student_n of_o it_o with_o a_o intent_n eye_n and_o mind_n to_o run_v through_o look_v into_o and_o contemplate_v this_o curious_a representation_n and_o not_o without_o good_a cause_n it_o be_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o lipsius_n a_o compendium_n of_o the_o roman_a history_n write_v fine_o plain_o and_o eloquent_o nor_o do_v he_o stop_v here_o but_o add_v his_o censure_n the_o accurateness_n and_o brevity_n 5._o of_o it_o be_v very_o often_o wonderful_a and_o there_o be_v many_o shine_a sentence_n like_o jewel_n insert_v here_o and_o there_o both_o with_o good_a judgement_n and_o truth_n nor_o do_v the_o learned_a c._n colerus_n lawyer_n who_o i_o have_v so_o often_o cite_v before_o decline_v from_o this_o opinion_n his_o word_n be_v these_o believe_v i_o you_o will_v with_o no_o less_o pleasure_n read_v that_o terse_a piece_n than_o that_o with_o which_o you_o can_v see_v one_o of_o apellis_fw-la his_o picture_n it_o be_v so_o well_o politico_fw-la compose_v and_o so_o elegant_a i_o admire_v that_o judgement_n which_o can_v insert_v sentence_n with_o so_o great_a prudence_n and_o brevity_n in_o such_o a_o heap_n and_o variety_n of_o thing_n the_o great_a and_o learned_a censor_n of_o book_n in_o his_o piece_n of_o 356._o teach_v the_o art_n and_o science_n lead_v the_o way_n to_o both_o these_o where_o he_o affirm_v there_o can_v nothing_o of_o that_o kind_n be_v fancy_v more_o accurate_a and_o pleasant_a but_o in_o this_o vivis_fw-la and_o other_o learned_a man_n be_v much_o deceive_v who_o think_v this_o our_o florus_n the_o same_o with_o the_o epitomiser_n of_o livy_n and_o much_o more_o those_o who_o conceive_v he_o design_v in_o this_o work_n to_o give_v we_o a_o compendium_n of_o the_o livian_n history_n whereas_o he_o neither_o observe_v the_o livian_n method_n nor_o always_o agree_v with_o he_o and_o other_o that_o they_o may_v abate_v his_o esteem_n accuse_v he_o of_o a_o great_a fault_n his_o confound_a time_n and_o relate_v that_o first_o which_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v place_v in_o the_o second_o place_n often_o also_o perturb_v and_o confound_v the_o name_n and_o employment_n of_o their_o general_n so_o that_o he_o who_o follow_v he_o must_v often_o be_v lead_v out_o of_o his_o way_n i_o will_v not_o deny_v that_o there_o be_v many_o such_o error_n in_o this_o author_n nor_o can_v i_o say_v whether_o they_o happen_v through_o ignorance_n or_o negligence_n or_o want_v of_o care_n but_o my_o opinion_n be_v that_o in_o some_o he_o may_v be_v excuse_v for_o as_o to_o the_o confusion_n of_o time_n object_v they_o may_v have_v know_v that_o he_o digest_v his_o relation_n by_o head_n and_o species_n rather_o than_o time_n separate_v thing_n of_o a_o like_a nature_n from_o those_o of_o a_o different_a separate_v for_o example_n war_n from_o conspiracy_n and_o civil_a discord_n from_o military_a expedition_n in_o short_a what_o a_o great_a antiquary_n have_v say_v for_o paulus_n diaconus_fw-la i_o shall_v willing_o offer_v in_o the_o behalf_n of_o annaeus_n florus_n no_o man_n can_v be_v suppose_v so_o ignorant_a in_o chronology_n as_o that_o he_o can_v expect_v to_o find_v in_o florus_n a_o exact_a series_n of_o the_o fast_n as_o if_o he_o be_v a_o swear_v accountant_a and_o as_o to_o what_o concern_v the_o confound_a name_n and_o office_n who_o know_v not_o that_o such_o fail_n happen_v frequent_o by_o the_o carelessness_n of_o transcriber_n and_o the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o ancient_a note_n especial_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o roman_a general_n and_o magistrate_n and_o in_o transcribe_v the_o number_n of_o year_n nor_o be_o i_o unacquainted_a with_o the_o complaint_n of_o that_o very_a learned_a man_n andraeas_n scotus_n it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o express_v 34._o what_o darkness_n and_o confusion_n the_o affinity_n of_o name_n and_o the_o great_a similitude_n of_o word_n have_v cast_v upon_o the_o history_n of_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n and_o upon_o their_o family_n and_o what_o a_o infinite_a trouble_n have_v from_o thence_o be_v give_v to_o the_o student_n in_o antiquity_n and_o the_o interpreter_n of_o book_n and_o therefore_o the_o reader_n may_v in_o this_o if_o he_o please_v and_o i_o do_v most_o earnest_o persuade_v he_o to_o it_o call_v in_o to_o his_o assistence_n the_o consulary_a and_o triumphant_a fast_n of_o carolus_n sigonius_n or_o onuphrius_n which_o be_v much_o more_o certain_a onuphrius_n guide_n than_o florus_n for_o there_o he_o will_v find_v the_o roman_a story_n short_o and_o regular_o adumbrate_v or_o the_o annal_n of_o the_o magistrate_n and_o province_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n write_v by_o stephanus_n vinandus_n pighius_fw-la than_o which_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o pighius_fw-la conceive_v a_o better_a commentary_n can_v be_v make_v or_o wish_v not_o only_o upon_o our_o florus_n but_o also_o upon_o livy_n dionsius_n halicarnassaeus_n dion_n cassius_n and_o upon_o all_o the_o other_o writer_n of_o the_o roman_a history_n as_o the_o before_o name_v learned_a jesuit_n schotus_n affirm_v to_o conclude_v as_o the_o small_a imperfection_n which_o appear_v in_o the_o great_a beauty_n be_v easy_o pardon_v or_o obscure_v by_o the_o great_a perfection_n which_o attend_v they_o so_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o we_o shall_v not_o ready_o pardon_v the_o few_o error_n we_o meet_v in_o so_o useful_a and_o delicate_a a_o piece_n as_o florus_n be_v sect_n xvi_o in_o what_o order_n the_o reader_n shall_v proceed_v in_o his_o read_n of_o the_o roman_a history_n dionysius_n halicarnassaeus_n commend_v how_o many_o year_n his_o history_n contain_v the_o reason_n give_v why_o we_o assign_v he_o the_o first_o place_n and_o confirm_v out_o of_o bodinus_fw-la when_o the_o reader_n have_v attentive_o consider_v english_a the_o shadow_n and_o picture_n of_o the_o roman_a history_n let_v he_o proceed_v to_o consider_v the_o body_n of_o it_o in_o all_o its_o part_n in_o the_o follow_a method_n and_o order_n of_o author_n if_o he_o be_v please_v to_o make_v use_n of_o my_o advice_n dionysius_n halicarnassaeus_n who_o flourish_v about_o 26_o year_n before_o christ_n anno_fw-la v._n c._n 725_o be_v by_o the_o confession_n of_o all_o a_o grave_a author_n and_o a_o most_o accurate_a searcher_n into_o and_o describer_n of_o the_o roman_a antiquity_n and_o therefore_o i_o desire_v he_o may_v lead_v the_o way_n he_o in_o order_n to_o a_o clear_a notice_n who_o the_o roman_n be_v have_v give_v a_o account_n of_o what_o he_o have_v learn_v concern_v the_o people_n call_v the_o aborigines_n or_o the_o most_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o italy_n not_o only_o from_o fable_n and_o the_o report_v spread_v among_o the_o many_o but_o from_o the_o book_n of_o portius_n cato_n fabius_n maximus_n and_o valerius_n anciatis_n and_o of_o many_o other_o then_o he_o continue_v a_o history_n in_o xx_o book_n to_o the_o first_o punic_a war_n which_o begin_v the_o three_o or_o four_o year_n of_o the_o 128_o olympiad_n a._n v._o c._n 488_o but_o of_o those_o twenty_o book_n which_o photius_n tell_v we_o he_o leave_v only_o xi_o have_v be_v bring_v down_o to_o we_o in_o which_o we_o have_v the_o history_n of_o cccxii_o year_n describe_v with_o great_a fidelity_n and_o care_n nor_o have_v we_o rash_o assign_v the_o first_o place_n to_o dionysius_n in_o this_o our_o chain_n of_o author_n because_o he_o will_v be_v instead_o of_o a_o bright_a torch_n to_o our_o lover_n of_o history_n who_o without_o he_o must_v often_o stick_v and_o blink_v and_o walk_v in_o a_o dark_a night_n whilst_o he_o read_v only_a latin_a historian_n will_v you_o have_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o joannes_n bodinus_fw-la will_n give_v you_o many_o and_o will_v also_o 4._o
keckerman_n and_o other_o who_o be_v of_o a_o contrary_a judgement_n but_o if_o you_o please_v you_o may_v hear_v both_o first_o keckerman_n and_o then_o vossius_fw-la 10._o see_v say_v keckerman_n history_n contain_v nothing_o but_o example_n of_o precept_n and_o precept_n be_v general_o deliver_v in_o a_o method_n but_o example_n without_o any_o method_n except_o that_o which_o be_v methodical_o teach_v precede_v it_o be_v a_o common_a and_o a_o very_a mischievous_a error_n and_o mistake_n for_o youth_n which_o be_v lead_v only_o by_o the_o pleasure_n and_o delight_n of_o history_n to_o begin_v profess_o to_o read_a history_n before_o it_o be_v acquaint_v with_o those_o science_n and_o precept_n which_o be_v deliver_v in_o order_n and_o method_n and_o with_o the_o common_a place_n to_o which_o all_o history_n ought_v to_o be_v reduce_v now_o that_o this_o be_v very_o preposterous_a may_v be_v easy_o understand_v by_o thus_o compare_v it_o with_o other_o science_n as_o for_o example_n with_o grammar_n logic_n etc._n etc._n for_o as_o it_o be_v absurd_a for_o a_o man_n to_o desire_v to_o know_v and_o observe_v the_o example_n of_o grammar_n logic_n or_o rhetoric_n before_o he_o have_v learn_v the_o rule_n of_o those_o science_n so_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v more_o absurd_a for_o one_o to_o desire_v to_o read_v serious_o and_o profess_o and_o to_o observe_v history_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o example_n of_o morality_n and_o politic_n before_o he_o have_v learned_a the_o rule_n and_o method_n of_o morality_n and_o policy_n etc._n etc._n thus_o far_o keckerman_n and_o now_o if_o you_o please_v you_o may_v hear_v vossius_fw-la there_o be_v say_v he_o nothing_o of_o absurdity_n 31._o as_o keckerman_n pretend_v if_o one_o shall_v choose_v to_o learn_v example_n before_o precept_n for_o it_o be_v very_o well_o know_v that_o language_n may_v be_v very_o well_o learn_v without_o grammar_n rule_n and_o then_o say_v he_o those_o who_o be_v of_o keckerman_n opinion_n commit_v no_o small_a error_n by_o not_o distinguish_v between_o read_v and_o write_v a_o history_n to_o which_o no_o man_n shall_v apply_v himself_o if_o he_o be_v not_o well_o acquaint_v with_o civil_a philosophy_n last_o he_o say_v that_o they_o confound_v the_o naked_a and_o simple_a history_n of_o thing_n with_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d historical_a perfection_n which_o inquire_v curious_o into_o the_o circumstance_n and_o cause_n of_o event_n in_o the_o last_o place_n he_o confirm_v his_o opinion_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o quintilian_n a_o great_a master_n in_o the_o art_n of_o breed_n youth_n who_o command_v orator_n to_o begin_v with_o history_n and_o oration_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n doubt_v not_o to_o prefer_v livy_n before_o sallust_n not_o only_o because_o he_o be_v more_o candid_a and_o more_o like_a cicero_n than_o sallust_n but_o also_o because_o he_o be_v the_o author_n of_o a_o large_a and_o more_o perfect_a history_n now_o he_o will_v never_o have_v write_v thus_o if_o he_o have_v not_o think_v the_o most_o general_a history_n best_o for_o youth_n thus_o write_v the_o most_o learned_a vossius_fw-la sect_n ii_o the_o opinion_n of_o keckerman_n defend_v that_o tongue_n be_v hardly_o to_o be_v well-learned_a without_o rule_n that_o there_o be_v a_o vast_a difference_n betwixt_o language_n and_o action_n that_o practic_n philosophy_n be_v necessary_a not_o only_o to_o the_o writer_n but_o reader_n also_o of_o history_n ubertus_n folietta_n sebastianus_n foxius_n and_o viperanus_n do_v all_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o this_o opinion_n and_o the_o most_o learned_a vossius_fw-la himself_n afford_v we_o no_o infirm_a argument_n to_o support_v it_o but_o may_v we_o have_v the_o liberty_n of_o this_o great_a man_n who_o judgement_n be_v every_o where_o else_o of_o the_o great_a authority_n with_o we_o and_o who_o in_o the_o thing_n relate_v to_o history_n we_o especial_o value_v and_o venerate_v to_o dissent_v and_o in_o some_o sort_n to_o defend_v the_o part_n keckerman_n have_v take_v it_o seem_v therefore_o to_o i_o that_o keckerman_n may_v thus_o reply_v in_o the_o first_o place_n it_o be_v not_o impossible_a to_o learn_v language_n without_o rule_n but_o that_o they_o may_v be_v as_o well_o learned_a without_o rule_n be_v deny_v we_o learn_v to_o articulate_v word_n and_o to_o form_n compound_n and_o speak_v they_o by_o hear_v use_v and_o discourse_n without_o precept_n or_o rule_n but_o then_o to_o adorn_v our_o speech_n and_o artificial_o form_v a_o oration_n be_v scarce_o or_o rather_o not_o at_o all_o possible_a without_o the_o assistance_n of_o rule_n and_o precept_n and_o beside_o although_o one_o may_v learn_v to_o speak_v of_o what_o language_n soever_o he_o be_v without_o rule_n yet_o he_o will_v never_o be_v able_a to_o judge_v of_o the_o exactness_n and_o propriety_n of_o speech_n and_o to_o give_v the_o reason_n of_o it_o without_o they_o nor_o indeed_o to_o speak_v well_o or_o elegant_o but_o then_o those_o thing_n be_v best_a learn_v of_o which_o we_o have_v a_o perfect_a knowledge_n where_o we_o can_v give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o reason_n of_o they_o as_o aristotle_n our_o master_n teach_v we_o 1._o and_o beside_o all_o this_o there_o be_v another_o judgement_n to_o be_v make_v upon_o language_n than_o there_o be_v upon_o action_n whether_o we_o be_v to_o imitate_v they_o or_o to_o compare_v they_o in_o our_o mind_n by_o contemplation_n use_n direct_v and_o correct_v our_o speech_n but_o it_o be_v the_o rule_n and_o precept_n of_o live_v well_o which_o be_v to_o govern_v our_o action_n the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n which_o be_v never_o fix_v govern_v our_o 114._o language_n but_o then_o we_o know_v our_o action_n be_v to_o be_v temper_v with_o respect_n to_o honesty_n and_o turpitude_n and_o to_o be_v examine_v by_o the_o precept_n of_o law_n second_o neither_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o vossius_fw-la altogether_o to_o be_v approve_v in_o that_o he_o hold_v that_o practic_n philosophy_n be_v necessary_a for_o a_o writer_n but_o not_o for_o a_o reader_n of_o history_n for_o why_o not_o do_v we_o not_o affirm_v that_o the_o same_o end_n be_v common_a to_o both_o of_o they_o the_o design_n of_o the_o one_o be_v that_o he_o may_v from_o example_n learn_v the_o way_n of_o live_v well_o the_o other_o that_o he_o may_v also_o by_o example_n teach_v that_o way_n be_v it_o not_o the_o scope_n of_o the_o one_o that_o by_o describe_v the_o accident_n that_o have_v attend_v the_o live_v of_o other_o he_o may_v insinuate_v wisdom_n into_o man_n and_o be_v it_o not_o the_o scope_n of_o the_o other_o that_o by_o read_v and_o observe_v those_o event_n he_o may_v attain_v to_o prudence_n it_o seem_v to_o be_v exact_o thus_o to_o i_o at_o least_o and_o not_o to_o i_o only_o but_o to_o many_o other_o and_o those_o not_o unlearned_a man_n if_o you_o please_v let_v we_o hear_v one_o or_o two_o of_o they_o moral_a philosophy_n and_o history_n say_v ubertus_n 954._o folietta_n be_v two_o faculty_n which_o respect_v the_o common_a good_a and_o utility_n of_o man_n and_o which_o direct_v they_o in_o the_o way_n to_o a_o bless_a life_n and_o fit_v they_o for_o the_o preserve_n and_o improve_n civil_a society_n and_o therefore_o these_o two_o faculty_n have_v divide_v this_o work_n between_o they_o so_o that_o the_o first_o form_n the_o mind_n and_o manner_n of_o man_n by_o dispute_n and_o precept_n and_o the_o latter_a by_o useful_a example_n and_o salutary_a admonition_n teach_v and_o advise_v they_o what_o to_o follow_v and_o what_o to_o flee_v in_o the_o course_n of_o their_o life_n by_o who_o example_n man_n shall_v govern_v and_o form_v their_o action_n and_o counsel_n and_o set_v before_o they_o the_o end_n and_o event_n which_o usual_o wait_v upon_o good_a and_o evil_a counsel_n by_o the_o knowledge_n of_o which_o man_n may_v be_v engage_v in_o the_o love_n of_o virtue_n or_o call_v off_o from_o lewd_a and_o wicked_a course_n sebastian_z fox_n also_o a_o man_n of_o a_o celebrate_a judgement_n and_o eloquence_n in_o his_o time_n do_v manifest_o dissent_v from_o the_o great_a vossius_fw-la in_o this_o point_n for_o he_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr institutione_n historiae_fw-la 819._o write_v thus_o how_o shall_v you_o ever_o be_v able_a to_o know_v or_o judge_v of_o the_o art_n or_o elegance_n not_o only_o of_o a_o history_n but_o of_o any_o other_o thing_n that_o be_v well_o write_v if_o you_o know_v not_o what_o that_o art_n be_v or_o what_o be_v right_o and_o well_o do_v those_o thing_n you_o inquire_v of_o be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v but_o by_o learned_a and_o well-instructed_n man_n for_o he_o that_o will_v accurate_o read_v a_o history_n must_v first_o know_v how_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v write_v etc._n etc._n and_o present_o after_o he_o subjoin_v the_o reason_n because_o artificer_n and_o
learned_a man_n and_o not_o the_o ignorant_a and_o unexperienced_a be_v able_a to_o know_v what_o be_v artificial_a and_o learned_a and_o therefore_o say_v he_o let_v read_v be_v attend_v not_o only_o with_o a_o natural_a but_o also_o with_o a_o acquire_v judgement_n and_o with_o a_o erudition_n that_o be_v not_o mean_a or_o common_a nor_o do_v johannes_n viperanus_n dissent_n 17._o from_o fox_n as_o these_o his_o word_n demonstrate_v who_o be_v also_o a_o man_n of_o good_a learning_n it_o be_v say_v he_o the_o work_n of_o a_o great_a man_n to_o collect_v by_o his_o read_v the_o true_a fruit_n of_o history_n that_o be_v of_o one_o who_o perceive_v the_o divine_a and_o humane_a reason_n of_o thing_n who_o can_v cull_v out_o the_o best_a instruction_n of_o manner_n who_o measure_v the_o action_n of_o other_o by_o the_o same_o rule_n of_o honesty_n by_o which_o he_o live_v himself_o who_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o place_n who_o have_v a_o strange_a knowledge_n both_o of_o virtue_n and_o vice_n and_o in_o who_o there_o be_v great_a treasure_n of_o learning_n and_o erudition_n etc._n etc._n and_o a_o little_a after_o this_o he_o that_o can_v join_v the_o precept_n of_o morality_n with_o the_o example_n shall_v reap_v great_a advantage_n from_o the_o read_n of_o history_n and_o shall_v thereby_o attain_v to_o perfect_a and_o absolute_a wisdom_n yea_o the_o very_a conclusion_n which_o the_o 28._o learned_a vossius_fw-la make_v in_o the_o say_v five_o chapter_n concern_v the_o principal_a use_n of_o history_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o great_a force_n for_o the_o confirm_v our_o opinion_n for_o thus_o he_o write_v therefore_o say_v he_o we_o must_v thus_o determine_v that_o the_o very_a principal_a fruit_n of_o history_n be_v to_o collect_v from_o similar_n and_o contrary_n what_o be_v expedient_a for_o the_o public_a and_o for_o every_o person_n in_o particular_a for_o he_o that_o will_v be_v wise_a must_v be_v careful_a to_o observe_v or_o as_o the_o greek_n express_v it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o person_n that_o dwell_v upon_o and_o deep_o inspect_v any_o thing_n which_o because_o child_n and_o ignorant_a man_n can_v never_o do_v they_o must_v of_o necessity_n want_v the_o principal_a fruit_n of_o read_v history_n from_o whence_o it_o may_v more_o than_o probable_o be_v conclude_v that_o they_o be_v less_o fit_v than_o other_o to_o be_v the_o reader_n of_o history_n yet_o i_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o child_n and_o man_n of_o little_a or_o no_o learning_n may_v reap_v some_o small_a advantage_n from_o the_o read_n of_o history_n that_o be_v pleasure_n and_o delight_n or_o may_v perhaps_o by_o remember_v some_o pretty_a story_n please_v other_o by_o the_o handsome_a tell_v they_o if_o they_o be_v person_n of_o more_o than_o ordinary_a natural_a wit_n and_o ingenuity_n and_o have_v the_o knack_n of_o express_v a_o thing_n well_o and_o pleasant_o which_o yet_o be_v very_o rare_o find_v in_o a_o very_a tender_a and_o immature_n age._n but_o then_o as_o the_o same_o vossius_fw-la observe_v they_o be_v to_o be_v esteem_v a_o sort_n of_o ridiculous_a silly_a 30._o people_n who_o read_v history_n for_o no_o other_o end_n but_o that_o they_o may_v divertise_v themselves_o and_o lay_v up_o a_o stock_n of_o chat_n for_o entertainment_n and_o common_a meeting_n let_v such_o people_n in_o good_a time_n betake_v themselves_o they_o be_v the_o word_n of_o justus_n lipsius_n to_o their_o amadis_n of_o gaul_n or_o to_o hugo_n burdagalensis_n or_o if_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o seem_v more_o learned_a to_o heliodorus_n his_o ethiopic_a romance_n or_o to_o the_o noble_a sir_n p._n sydney_n arcadia_n or_o barclay_n arginis_fw-la sect_n iii_o vossius_fw-la his_fw-la three_o argument_n against_o keckerman_n do_v hardly_o seem_v to_o be_v strong_a that_o a_o naked_a relation_n of_o a_o affair_n do_v not_o satisfy_v a_o prudent_a reader_n which_o be_v prove_v from_o ludou._n vivis_fw-la dion_n halicarnassaeus_n and_o vossius_fw-la himself_o that_o the_o read_v the_o same_o history_n by_o a_o child_n and_o by_o a_o man_n of_o learning_n be_v very_o different_a to_o proceed_v the_o learned_a vossius_fw-la seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v deceive_v in_o the_o three_o place_n where_o he_o say_v we_o confound_v the_o simple_a relation_n of_o thing_n with_o that_o which_o he_o call_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o perfect_a history_n in_o that_o as_o i_o have_v say_v we_o grant_v child_n and_o youth_n may_v be_v able_a to_o read_v the_o naked_a and_o simple_a relation_n of_o thing_n and_o the_o account_n of_o great_a action_n and_o may_v without_o much_o difficulty_n understand_v the_o description_n of_o place_n but_o then_o we_o ought_v to_o remember_v that_o antiquity_n esteem_v these_o sort_n of_o history_n as_o but_o little_o better_a than_o fable_n i_o use_v vossius_fw-la his_o own_a word_n because_o from_o such_o account_n there_o be_v little_a other_o advantage_n to_o be_v reap_v beside_o those_o of_o pleasure_n no_o more_o than_o there_o be_v from_o fable_n but_o the_o reader_n we_o be_v now_o form_v aught_o to_o look_v beyond_o these_o thing_n for_o our_o end_n be_v not_o pleasure_n but_o improvement_n and_o that_o which_o be_v the_o ultimate_a end_n of_o all_o history_n that_o he_o may_v be_v teach_v to_o live_v well_o and_o happy_o that_o learned_a 352._o man_n ludovicus_n vivis_fw-la speak_v very_o well_o and_o apposite_o to_o our_o purpose_n and_o now_o say_v he_o we_o be_v acquaint_v with_o history_n in_o some_o degree_n that_o be_v as_o far_o as_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o institution_n of_o youth_n viz._n as_o to_o the_o order_n of_o time_n and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o name_n of_o famous_a man_n but_o now_o it_o be_v to_o be_v more_o exact_o and_o full_o know_v because_o it_o may_v be_v much_o better_o understand_v by_o man_n who_o have_v attain_v some_o degree_n of_o experience_n that_o it_o may_v be_v apply_v to_o the_o advantage_n of_o our_o life_n by_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n and_o judgement_n as_o that_o nourishment_n be_v diffuse_v over_o all_o the_o body_n by_o the_o natural_a heat_n by_o which_o a_o man_n be_v sustain_v and_o life_n prolong_v and_o therefore_o we_o say_v our_o reader_n can_v be_v satisfy_v with_o a_o naked_a account_n of_o thing_n but_o as_o dion_n halicarnassaeus_n a_o express_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d every_o one_o desire_v to_o see_v the_o cause_n of_o action_n and_o after_o what_o manner_n they_o be_v do_v and_o the_o very_a mind_n and_o design_n of_o those_o who_o be_v the_o actor_n in_o they_o these_o very_a word_n and_o many_o other_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n be_v cite_v out_o of_o halicarnassaeus_n by_o that_o man_n of_o much_o learning_n vossius_fw-la where_o he_o learned_o 81._o prove_v that_o the_o expression_n of_o the_o great_a poet_n in_o his_o second_o georgick_a fellix_fw-la qui_fw-la potuit_fw-la rerum_fw-la cognoscere_fw-la causas_fw-la happy_a be_v he_o who_o see_v the_o cause_n of_o thing_n and_o understand_v their_o law_n have_v its_o place_n not_o only_o in_o philosophy_n but_o in_o the_o writer_n and_o reader_n of_o a_o history_n and_o at_o last_o about_o the_o end_n of_o that_o chapter_n he_o conclude_v thus_o and_o in_o truth_n if_o the_o cause_n counsel_n and_o manner_n of_o action_n be_v omit_v there_o be_v rather_o a_o fable_n tell_v for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o child_n than_o a_o history_n write_v for_o the_o use_n of_o man_n as_o sempronius_z assellio_n say_v in_o 18._o agellius_n and_o now_o let_v the_o learned_a vossius_fw-la tell_v i_o whether_o child_n mind_v these_o thing_n do_v illiterate_a and_o ignorant_a man_n inquire_v after_o these_o secret_n or_o to_o what_o end_n shall_v they_o be_v teach_v they_o if_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o judge_v of_o the_o cause_n counsel_n and_o circumstance_n of_o action_n or_o to_o accommodate_v they_o to_o their_o own_o advantage_n some_o body_n very_o neat_o express_v this_o by_o this_o simile_n as_o girl_n gather_v flower_n only_o to_o please_v their_o eye_n and_o sense_n whilst_o apothecary_n consider_v the_o health_n of_o man_n and_o medicine_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n only_o collect_v the_o leave_n flower_n root_n and_o small_a fiber_n of_o plant_n so_o child_n play_v with_o history_n as_o they_o do_v with_o top_n and_o chess_n and_o when_o they_o see_v or_o hear_v of_o any_o great_a action_n rejoice_v at_o they_o as_o new_a and_o strange_a thing_n or_o be_v affright_v at_o they_o but_o then_o those_o that_o be_v a_o little_a verse_v in_o art_n and_o adorn_v with_o something_o of_o experience_n and_o judgement_n will_v in_o the_o read_n of_o history_n pass_v by_o very_a few_o thing_n without_o observe_v they_o these_o only_a use_n to_o reflect_v on_o the_o divine_a institution_n to_o observe_v humane_a law_n to_o weigh_v all_o counsel_n and_o
note_v all_o event_n and_o with_o great_a profit_n and_o pleasure_n to_o refer_v all_o domestic_a public_a warlike_a or_o peaceable_a transaction_n or_o event_n to_o the_o use_n of_o civil_a society_n and_o prudence_n and_o this_o with_o keckerman_n be_v to_o read_v history_n and_o such_o a_o reader_n he_o require_v to_o wit_n that_o i_o may_v use_v his_o own_o word_n one_o who_o business_n it_o be_v to_o read_v and_o observe_v ethick_n domestic_a and_o politic_a example_n with_o the_o great_a care_n imaginable_a but_o then_o say_v he_o whoever_o shall_v attempt_v this_o before_o he_o understand_v the_o method_n of_o moral_a oeconomick_a and_o politic_a precept_n etc._n etc._n may_v very_o just_o be_v take_v for_o a_o absurd_a person_n sect_n iv._o the_o argument_n borrow_v from_o quintilian_n consider_v and_o a_o answer_v make_v to_o it_o in_o the_o last_o place_n the_o passage_n cite_v out_o of_o quintilian_n seem_v not_o to_o i_o to_o be_v of_o any_o force_n against_o the_o opinion_n of_o keckerman_n because_o it_o be_v apparent_a quintilian_n be_v only_o there_o teach_v by_o what_o author_n the_o style_n of_o child_n may_v be_v best_a form_v and_o that_o by_o the_o conduct_n and_o assistence_n of_o the_o master_n of_o rhetoric_n or_o tutor_n rather_o than_o by_o the_o private_a read_n of_o the_o scholar_n himself_o for_o chapter_n the_o five_o the_o he_o say_v it_o will_v be_v of_o great_a advantage_n to_o child_n orat._n if_o the_o schoolmaster_n enlighten_v their_o understanding_n more_o by_o the_o read_n of_o oration_n than_o of_o history_n and_o there_o present_o show_v excellent_o what_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o the_o rhetorician_n on_o this_o account_n but_o then_o in_o the_o vi_o the_o chapter_n which_o be_v cite_v by_o vossius_fw-la he_o show_v more_o full_o what_o choice_n of_o author_n shall_v be_v make_v for_o say_v he_o without_o prudent_a election_n it_o will_v be_v dangerous_a to_o take_v any_o author_n the_o best_a and_o most_o candid_a who_o have_v a_o lovely_a copia_fw-la and_o clearness_n such_o as_o livy_n and_o cicero_n be_v aught_o to_o be_v choose_v as_o he_o think_v and_o then_o he_o show_v what_o author_n ought_v at_o first_o to_o be_v avoid_v which_o yet_o when_o they_o have_v attain_v a_o firmness_n and_o maturity_n of_o judgement_n may_v safe_o be_v allow_v they_o we_o answer_v then_o that_o it_o be_v quite_o another_o thing_n to_o form_v a_o style_n or_o language_n or_o as_o fabius_n express_v it_o to_o polish_v the_o phrase_n of_o a_o person_n and_o to_o gather_v note_n and_o lay_v up_o serious_o and_o profess_o moral_a oeconomick_a and_o politic_a example_n that_o the_o reader_n may_v thereby_o be_v enable_v to_o act_v prudent_o and_o to_o form_v his_o life_n by_o the_o rule_n of_o virtue_n now_o the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v the_o whole_a design_n of_o quintilian_n the_o latter_a be_v no_o part_n of_o his_o thought_n and_o therefore_o he_o recommend_v the_o read_n of_o oration_n to_o the_o young_a rhetorician_n and_o perhaps_o also_o the_o discourse_n of_o historian_n be_v by_o he_o more_o regard_v than_o their_o narrative_n because_o in_o they_o he_o affirm_v livy_n to_o excel_v for_o he_o say_v that_o he_o be_v of_o a_o very_a 5._o great_a sweetness_n and_o candour_n in_o his_o relation_n but_o in_o his_o harangue_n or_o speech_n more_o elegant_a than_o can_v be_v express_v but_o now_o if_o any_o man_n think_v otherwise_o and_o will_v needs_o believe_v that_o the_o design_n of_o the_o orator_n there_o be_v to_o exercise_v his_o young_a scholar_n with_o the_o contemplation_n of_o thing_n and_o that_o he_o design_n to_o furnish_v he_o with_o example_n which_o be_v in_o every_o kind_a the_o most_o powerful_a of_o all_o cause_n and_o which_o he_o may_v afterward_o apply_v as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v then_o we_o answer_v in_o the_o second_o place_n that_o quintilian_n require_v this_o to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o conduct_n direction_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o master_n of_o rhetoric_n who_o business_n he_o make_v it_o to_o show_v the_o excellency_n and_o fault_n not_o only_o of_o the_o language_n and_o phrase_n but_o also_o of_o what_o be_v do_v or_o speak_v as_o you_o may_v read_v lib._n 2._o chap._n 5._o and_o now_o if_o the_o master_n go_v before_o illustrate_v and_o unfold_v the_o author_n who_o can_v doubt_v that_o historian_n may_v not_o be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o child_n of_o no_o great_a age_n and_o yet_o even_o there_o in_o the_o opinion_n of_o quintilian_n the_o most_o easy_a and_o plain_a author_n such_o as_o titus_n livius_n be_v esteem_v to_o be_v be_v to_o be_v prefer_v and_o yet_o even_o here_o too_o for_o the_o entire_a understanding_n of_o he_o he_o conceive_v a_o good_a proficiency_n be_v require_v as_o he_o say_v in_o his_o vi_o the_o chapter_n sect_n v._o the_o opinion_n of_o simon_n grynaeus_n on_o this_o account_n approve_v and_o it_o be_v more_o large_o show_v who_o be_v a_o competent_a or_o well_o qualify_v reader_n it_o be_v at_o least_o requisite_a that_o the_o reader_n have_v a_o taste_n of_o moral_a philosophy_n and_o also_o of_o chronology_n and_o geography_n which_o be_v the_o two_o eye_n of_o history_n and_o some_o knowledge_n of_o other_o art_n be_v also_o necessary_a and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v rather_o choose_v to_o hear_v simon_n grynaeus_n and_o be_v of_o his_o mind_n who_o exhort_v the_o reader_n of_o history_n bespeak_v they_o in_o this_o manner_n it_o befit_v a_o man_n say_v he_o to_o come_v so_o much_o the_o better_o provide_v to_o the_o read_n of_o history_n because_o it_o be_v replenish_v with_o great_a plenty_n and_o variety_n of_o excellent_a fruit_n and_o see_v it_o be_v attend_v with_o the_o same_o difficulty_n to_o judge_v well_o of_o one_o own_o as_o of_o another_o life_n nor_o can_v any_o man_n right_o contemplate_v the_o life_n of_o another_o man_n though_o we_o be_v all_o wonderful_o quicksight_v there_o who_o can_v prudent_o govern_v his_o own_o it_o follow_v that_o there_o be_v great_a difficulty_n on_o both_o side_n and_o that_o many_o thing_n be_v require_v before_o we_o undertake_v that_o work_n and_o that_o we_o ought_v not_o only_o to_o be_v tincture_v with_o civil_a prudence_n but_o also_o to_o be_v fix_v as_o to_o the_o purpose_n and_o course_n of_o our_o life_n unless_o we_o be_v willing_a to_o roll_n up_o and_o down_o and_o be_v for_o ever_o lead_v by_o vain_a and_o deceivable_a spectres_n and_o therefore_o we_o to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n say_v in_o the_o first_o place_n that_o it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a that_o the_o reader_n of_o history_n be_v studious_a and_o diligent_a serious_a and_o attentive_a constant_a and_o steady_a whereupon_o quintilian_n thus_o speak_v for_o a_o great_a while_n 1._o none_o but_o the_o best_a and_o such_o as_o will_v not_o deceive_v a_o man_n be_v to_o be_v read_v and_o that_o with_o the_o diligence_n and_o care_n almost_o of_o a_o writer_n nor_o be_v it_o enough_o to_o re-examine_a the_o author_n again_o by_o part_n only_o but_o the_o whole_a book_n be_v entire_o to_o be_v read_v over_o again_o attentive_o and_o serious_o etc._n etc._n for_o as_o one_o say_v well_o of_o old_a whether_o thou_o read_v any_o thing_n thyself_o or_o hear_v another_o let_v not_o thy_o mind_n wander_v but_o force_v it_o to_o dwell_v there_o and_o to_o do_v the_o business_n in_o hand_n and_o not_o other_o thing_n for_o you_o may_v be_v assure_v you_o lose_v both_o your_o time_n and_o your_o pain_n if_o you_o do_v not_o serious_o attend_v what_o you_o read_v or_o hear_v last_o let_v the_o reader_n be_v constant_a and_o steady_a in_o his_o readins_n for_o a_o constant_a and_o certain_a way_n of_o read_v be_v advantageous_a for_o the_o desultory_n and_o run_a way_n of_o read_v afford_v small_a improvement_n let_v we_o hear_v seneca_n in_o this_o point_n if_o you_o will_v say_v 2._o he_o carry_v any_o thing_n along_o with_o you_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o stay_v upon_o and_o be_v nourish_v with_o some_o certain_a and_o fix_a author_n which_o may_v seat_v themselves_o in_o your_o mind_n so_o as_o not_o to_o be_v easy_o lose_v and_o therefore_o stephanus_n praetorius_n give_v 31._o here_o very_o good_a advice_n let_v young_a man_n say_v he_o remember_v not_o to_o desert_v the_o read_n of_o any_o book_n before_o they_o have_v read_v it_o through_o and_o do_v clear_o understand_v it_o for_o some_o be_v so_o delicate_a or_o soft_a and_o nice_a in_o their_o read_n of_o author_n that_o when_o they_o have_v private_o take_v a_o book_n into_o their_o hand_n and_o run_v over_o two_o or_o three_o page_n present_o they_o lay_v that_o by_o and_o begin_v to_o read_v another_o book_n and_o so_o never_o go_v through_o with_o any_o thing_n now_o this_o nice_a way_n of_o read_v though_o a_o man_n be_v very_o diligent_a at_o
it_o yet_o as_o to_o the_o gain_v any_o true_a and_o solid_a learning_n it_o be_v of_o no_o use_n at_o all_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o approve_v our_o reader_n so_o much_o the_o more_o if_o he_o have_v have_v a_o taste_n of_o practic_n philosophy_n or_o morality_n the_o necessity_n of_o which_o qualification_n may_v be_v easy_o apprehend_v by_o what_o be_v say_v above_o in_o the_o next_o place_n if_o he_o have_v some_o degree_n at_o least_o of_o knowledge_n in_o chronology_n that_o be_v the_o succession_n chronology_n of_o time_n and_o age_n so_o that_o he_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o series_n and_o order_n of_o they_o and_o can_v enclose_v as_o it_o be_v in_o certain_a limit_n the_o empire_n war_n and_o event_n he_o meet_v with_o in_o history_n that_o great_a man_n josephus_n scaliger_n call_v this_o the_o soul_n of_o history_n without_o which_o it_o can_v breathe_v or_o live_v by_o other_o it_o be_v call_v the_o right_a eye_n of_o history_n by_o other_o the_o north_n star_n which_o govern_v and_o direct_v the_o reader_n whilst_o he_o sail_n on_o the_o vast_a ocean_n of_o history_n that_o he_o may_v the_o more_o certain_o and_o quick_o and_o with_o the_o great_a delight_n and_o improvement_n arrive_v at_o the_o port_n he_o design_n by_o his_o read_n for_o he_o that_o without_o the_o order_n of_o time_n think_v he_o may_v understand_v history_n will_v find_v himself_o in_o the_o end_n as_o much_o disappoint_v as_o if_o he_o shall_v attempt_v to_o pass_v the_o wind_n of_o a_o great_a labyrinth_n without_o a_o thread_n or_o conductor_n but_o we_o attribute_v to_o history_n a_o left_a eye_n too_o that_o be_v geography_n or_o topography_n with_o geography_n which_o if_o the_o reader_n be_v not_o in_o some_o degree_n acquaint_v he_o must_v of_o necessity_n lose_v much_o of_o the_o pleasure_n yea_o and_o of_o the_o advantage_n or_o utility_n of_o his_o read_n and_o will_v scarce_o be_v able_a to_o attain_v a_o clear_a and_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o the_o thing_n relate_v for_o who_o be_v so_o ignorant_a in_o history_n as_o not_o to_o understand_v how_o much_o light_n be_v give_v to_o the_o reader_n by_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o place_n in_o which_o any_o thing_n be_v do_v let_v he_o therefore_o be_v master_n of_o the_o common_a division_n of_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o let_v he_o know_v how_o to_o distinguish_v the_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o how_o they_o lie_v let_v he_o also_o know_v the_o province_n or_o kingdom_n in_o each_o part_n and_o at_o least_o the_o principal_a river_n mountain_n and_o town_n for_o as_o to_o the_o more_o exact_a knowledge_n of_o small_a thing_n we_o hardly_o judge_v it_o necessary_a to_o our_o reader_n last_o if_o he_o be_v in_o some_o degree_n also_o acquaint_v with_o other_o art_n and_o have_v some_o experience_n of_o thing_n we_o shall_v then_o say_v that_o he_o be_v indeed_o a_o competent_a and_o well-prepared_n reader_n of_o history_n and_o these_o thing_n be_v sufficient_a to_o be_v speak_v concern_v the_o second_o part_n of_o our_o method_n of_o the_o order_n and_o method_n of_o read_v history_n part_v the_o three_o viz._n of_o the_o manner_n of_o collect_v the_o fruit_n of_o history_n or_o of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o read_n history_n sect_n i._o the_o last_o head_n of_o what_o be_v to_o be_v handle_v propose_v the_o council_n of_o ludovicus_n vivis_fw-la concern_v those_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o be_v note_a in_o the_o read_n of_o history_n the_o custom_n of_o augustus_n caesar_n in_o his_o read_v history_n what_o thing_n be_v find_v in_o history_n worth_a note_v and_o of_o what_o use_v they_o be_v the_o three_o head_n yet_o remain_v which_o in_o the_o beginning_n we_o resolve_v to_o treat_v of_o in_o the_o last_o place_n and_o that_o be_v what_o in_o our_o readins_n we_o shall_v elect_v and_o how_o and_o this_o i_o may_v easy_o pass_v over_o if_o i_o do_v only_o propose_v the_o rule_n ludovicus_n vivis_fw-la have_v give_v to_o be_v observe_v by_o all_o for_o he_o teach_v we_o what_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o read_n history_n in_o these_o word_n in_o read_v history_n say_v he_o the_o first_o thing_n to_o be_v observe_v be_v the_o order_n of_o time_n and_o in_o the_o next_o place_n all_o word_n and_o action_n which_o will_v afford_v any_o example_n for_o the_o imitate_v what_o be_v good_a or_o the_o avoid_n what_o be_v evil_a war_n and_o fight_v be_v not_o so_o accurate_o to_o be_v consider_v as_o teach_v we_o nothing_o but_o the_o art_n and_o way_n by_o which_o we_o may_v hurt_v one_o another_o it_o be_v also_o light_o to_o be_v regard_v who_o take_v arm_n who_o be_v the_o general_n where_o they_o fight_v who_o be_v beat_v and_o what_o be_v do_v to_o they_o nor_o be_v these_o thing_n to_o be_v read_v or_o write_v in_o any_o other_o style_n than_o that_o of_o great_a robbery_n as_o indeed_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o be_v no_o better_o except_v only_o those_o war_n which_o be_v begin_v against_o thief_n which_o i_o wish_v be_v more_o usual_o do_v among_o christian_n it_o will_v therefore_o be_v better_a and_o much_o more_o fruitful_a to_o fix_v our_o mind_n upon_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o gown_n and_o to_o note_v what_o thing_n be_v famous_o and_o wise_o do_v in_o relation_n to_o any_o virtue_n what_o be_v base_o and_o cruel_o do_v as_o to_o vice_n what_o event_n follow_v how_o happy_a the_o end_n of_o good_a action_n prove_v how_o sad_a and_o calamitous_a those_o of_o lewd_a action_n then_o the_o speech_n and_o reply_v of_o man_n of_o great_a sense_n experience_n and_o wisdom_n and_o especial_o those_o which_o according_a to_o the_o greek_a word_n be_v call_v apophthegm_n counsel_n also_o and_o the_o cause_n why_o any_o thing_n be_v undertake_v do_v or_o speak_v and_o especial_o the_o counsel_n of_o such_o man_n as_o have_v excel_v other_o in_o honesty_n wisdom_n and_o learning_n as_o for_o example_n the_o philosopher_n and_o the_o best_a of_o man_n the_o saint_n of_o our_o religion_n that_o we_o may_v not_o only_o know_v what_o have_v proceed_v from_o great_a agitation_n of_o mind_n but_o what_o have_v come_v calm_o from_o the_o force_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o judgement_n for_o indeed_o it_o be_v a_o unworthy_a thing_n to_o commit_v to_o write_v the_o operation_n of_o our_o affection_n and_o not_o those_o of_o our_o reason_n and_o counsel_n these_o prescription_n be_v give_v we_o by_o that_o learned_a spaniard_n it_o will_v be_v a_o short_a work_n yet_o if_o i_o shall_v only_o propose_v to_o our_o student_n in_o history_n the_o example_n of_o augustus_n the_o emperor_n for_o his_o imitation_n of_o who_o suetonius_n write_v thus_o in_o peruse_v 8._o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a history_n he_o do_v not_o pursue_v any_o thing_n so_o much_o as_o the_o collect_v those_o precept_n or_o example_n which_o be_v salutary_a and_o useful_a to_o the_o public_a or_o to_o private_a man_n which_o transcribe_v word_n for_o word_n he_o very_o often_o send_v to_o his_o domestic_n or_o to_o the_o governor_n of_o province_n or_o army_n or_o to_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o city_n as_o any_o of_o they_o have_v need_n of_o a_o admonition_n but_o we_o shall_v make_v the_o use_n of_o history_n a_o little_o large_a and_o yet_o shall_v not_o be_v over_o prolix_a neither_o for_o as_o we_o have_v observe_v above_o frequent_o and_o true_o history_n be_v a_o treasury_n of_o very_a many_o and_o different_a good_a thing_n for_o in_o history_n you_o will_v find_v some_o thing_n which_o tend_v to_o the_o increase_n of_o learning_n other_o of_o prudence_n other_o thing_n you_o may_v observe_v which_o tend_v to_o the_o improvement_n of_o the_o language_n and_o which_o do_v contribute_v to_o the_o perfect_a the_o faculty_n of_o speak_v well_o and_o last_o other_o thing_n which_o tend_v to_o the_o well_o form_v the_o life_n and_o to_o the_o polish_n the_o manner_n sect_n ii_o two_o sort_n of_o learning_n to_o be_v gather_v philology_n and_o philosophy_n under_o either_o of_o these_o there_o be_v several_a species_n contain_v in_o what_o order_n these_o be_v to_o be_v dispose_v and_o of_o what_o use_v they_o be_v that_o many_o have_v write_v concern_v the_o form_n of_o common_a place-book_n therefore_o we_o say_v there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o excerpt_n in_o the_o whole_a which_o be_v especial_o to_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o reader_n philological_a and_o philosophical_a under_o the_o philological_n philological_a we_o rank_v not_o only_o all_o those_o observation_n which_o concern_v the_o elegance_n of_o speech_n the_o politeness_n of_o the_o language_n and_o style_n and_o the_o propriety_n of_o word_n but_o also_o the_o ancient_a custom_n all_o their_o rite_n ceremony_n and_o solemnity_n of_o what_o sort_n soever_o they_o be_v and_o their_o