shall subscribe for ten compleat Books shall for the same price have eleven compleat Books in Quires deliver'd to him IX Because several Gentlemen do complain that they have been deceived by several Proposers in this nature therefore for the punctual performance of what is here undertaken the Bookseller Moses Pitt has already given sufficient Security to Sir Joseph Williamson one of his Majesties Principal Secretaries of State and President of the Royal Society for performance of his Engagement and Proposals X. It is requested that every Subscriber to this great Undertaking would be pleased to set down the County and place of his Habitation together with directions how to send to him to the end that notice may be given him according as the Work goes forwaad WHereas his most Sacred Majesty has been Graciously pleased for the promoting of this Design to permit that his Collections of Maps and Descriptions of Countries may be perused that such of them as have not yet been published and are thought proper for this work may be taken into it and whereas his Royal Highness and his Highness Prince Rupert have been also pleased to promise the same favour and the like has been done by the Right Honorable Sir Joseph Williamson one of his Majesties Principal Secretaries of State and President of the Royal Society and also by the most learned Dr. Isaac Vossius who is pleased to communicate his most copious and exquisite Collections and it is hoped that the same will be done by several other persons of Honour and Quality therefore it is humbly desired that all Gentlemen who have any particular Maps or Relations of new Discoveries or any more perfect descriptions of places already known would be pleased to send the same to the said Moses Pitt who will give sufficient security for the safe return of the same unprejudiced and if they shall be thought proper by the persons hereafter mentioned to be inserted he will take care that it shall be done and that the obligation shall be thankfully acknowledged in such manner as shall be to their own best satisfaction May 3 1678. WE whose names are here subscribed not doubting but that this Work will be of great Use and for the Honour of the Nation and being desired by Moses Pitt to give him our Assistance that he may be the better enabled to perform it do promise that we will from time to time at spare hours both give our Advice for the carrying on of the Work and further since he offers to refer himself to us in divers of his Proposals we will observe how he makes them good and give an account thereof to Sir Joseph Williamson President of the Royal Society or to the President of the said Society for the time being Chr. Wren Isaac Vossius John Pell W. Lloyd Tho. Gale Rob. Hook UPon perusing these preceding Proposals we whose Names are underwritten well approving and highly commending this Design of the said Moses Pitt do for his encouragement not only subscribe our selves for one or more Copies of the said Book but also do recommend so Noble and Useful a Design to the rest of the Nobility and Gentry throughout his Majesties Dominions The KING' 's most Excellent Majesty The QUEEN'S Majesty His Royal Highness the Duke of YORK Her Royal Highness the Dutchess of YORK Her Highness the Lady ANN. His Highness CHARLES-LEWIS Elector Palatine of the RHINE His Highness Prince RUPERT JAMES late Lord Archbishop of St. Andrews ALEXANDER Ld. 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20 Zottl 22 51 00 29 10 Zottsted 22 51 10 28 20 Zottwitz 28 51 10 34 15 Zschimichen 22 50 50 29 30 Zubern 26 51 40 32 20 Zublow 10 13 53 00 32 10 Zuchou 22 50 50 29 20 Zuck 40 41 43 47 55 24 20 Zuckmante 1 24 30 50 10 34 30 Zuenicke 22 33 50 20 29 40 Zuffenhausen 45 48 35 25 50 Zug 38 46 40 24 40 Zuger See 38 46 40 24 40 Zhurstein 32 49 20 33 20 Zukleibe 23 51 40 32 00 Zulauff 24 25 51 30 34 00 Zulberg 22 50 20 29 00 Zule 0 53 30 28 10 Zullich 10 135 52 10 33 00 Zullichaw 24 25 36 52 10 32 20 Zulichendorff 10 12 52 40 30 20 Zulin 10 125 52 50 29 50 Zultenhagen 12 52 30 30 40 Zultz 24 50 20 34 00 Zumflin 22 50 30 29 30 Zumloch 38 50 20 23 20 Zumsw 42 48 15 24 â—5 Zumteich 20 51 40 28 50 Zuntzen 41 43 47 40 24 05 Zuntzentorf 41 48 40 24 05 Zuatlangenhain 19 51 10 26 40 Zur 16 52 10 25 50 Zur fl 41 48 40 24 20 Zurbach 40 48 10 24 30 Zurich 1 38 47 00 25 00 Zuricher 38 46 40 25 00 Zurlag 41 42 44 48 10 24 25 Zurlein 38 50 00 23 20 Zurlied 16 52 15 26 20 Zurmarhausen 01 48 10 27 30 Zurmulen 05 53 25 25 20 Zurzach 38 41 47 20 24 45 Zusweier 40 41 43 44 48 15 24 25 Zuten 10 12 52 00 31 00 Zutern 38 39 45 49 00 25 10 Zutphen 38 52 00 22 00 Zutzevitz 08 53 40 33 00 Zuverhusen 16 52 30 25 50 Zuyder Elbe 03 53 45 26 30 Zuyder gronden 3 4 53 45 24 00 Zuyder Zee 1 38 52 40 21 10 Zweckfrontze 27 51 35 33 40 Zwehofel 28 51 00 34 15 Zweibrucken 39 49 10 23 40 Zweidorf 16 52 15 27 10 Zweilitschinnen 38 46 00 24 00 Zwenfurt 22 51 20 29 30 Zwenick 22 50 30 29 50 Zwerbenberg 45 48 25 25 10 Zwergen 16 51 20 26 20 Zwetel 33 48 30 31 30 Zwettenicht 23 51 25 32 10 Zwetzen 15 51 00 28 20 Zweybrodt 28 51 05 34 05 Zwicka 22 33 50 30 29 10 Zwlckaw 22 50 40 29 30 Zwidel 33 48 50 30 20 Zwiebrucken 38 49 00 23 40 Zwifalten 45 48 05 26 10 Zwifalten Torst 35 48 05 26 00 Zwikowetz 33 49 50 30 40 Zwingr 40 48 00 24 25 Zwirzetitz 2 33 50 20 31 50 Zwitta 32 49 30 33 30 Zwitta fl 32 49 20 33 40 Zwole 32 49 40 33 50 Zwoleniowe 2 33 50 00 31 00 Zwoll 38 52 40 22 00 Zwyckow 2 33 50 40 31 30 Zwynge fl 04 54 00 25 40 Zypel 15 52 10 28 40 Zyra 22 50 30 29 00 Additional Subscribers since the Publishing of the first Volume of the Atlas MICHAEL Lord Arch-Bishop of ARMAGH Lord Primate and Lord Chancellor of Ireland Earl of ARRAN Eldest Son to D. Hamilton Earl of ANNANDALL in Scotland Sir Joseph Ash of Twittenham in Middlesex Richard Atkins of Newport-Pagnell Esq Sir Robert Atkins Tho. Allen M. D. and Fellow of the Colledge of Physitians London Ashburnham Esq Sir Thomas Allen of Sumirliton-Hall Suff. John Berkly Esq Robert Berkly Esq Nich. Barbon M. D. London Roger Braddyl of London Esq Sir John Brownlow Tho. Buck of Westwick Cambridge sh Esq David Bruce M. D. London Sir Will. Barkham of Norfolk Baronet Charles Cockaine Esq Son and Heir to Obrian Vicount Cullen of Righton Northampton shire Sir Charles Caesar of Benington Hartford sh Sir Robert Cotton of Hattly St. George in Bedford shire Baronet Sam. Craddock B. D. of Wickhambrook Suff. JAMES Lord Duffes of Scotland The Honourable MARGARET Danby Widdow Sir Will. Domvile his Majesties Attorney General in Ireland Duncan d ee of the Inner Temple Esq Davis M. D. of Exeter John Donelan of the County of Galaway in Ireland Esq Peter Falaiseau Esq Fergus Faril of the County of Longford in Ireland Esq Ford Esq Andrew Forrester Esq Secretary to the Duke of Lauderdale Henry Ferneley of Dublin in Ireland Esq Henry Goldwell Esq Jo. Goodwin Rector of East Barnet Harfordshire Sir Henry Gough of Pury-Hall Stafford-sh LEWIS Gordon Marquis of Huntley James Griffin Esq Tho. Groundes Esq JOHN Lord Haughton eldest Son to the Earl of Clare Sir PHILIP Howard Coll. and Capt. of the Queens Troops of his Majesties Guards John Goven of Scotland Esq Husbands Esq in Barbados John Hillersden of the Inner Temple Esq Will. Hyde of Langtoft Lincoln-shire Esq John Horne Esq Sir John Hobart of Norfolk Baronet Holt of Brazen-nose Coll. Oxon. Tho. Ibbot Rector of Beecham-wells Norf. JOHN Earl of Kildare in Ireland Tho. Ken D. D. Chaplain to her Highness the Princess of Orange Sir Will. Litton of Harfordshire John Launce Merchant in Marseille Tho Lardners Citizen of London Oliver Long Captain of a Company in his Majestie Foot-Guards in Ireland ALEX. Stuart Earl of Murray Sir Tho. Murray Lord Register of Scotland Christopher Merret M. D. of the Colledge of Physitians London Streynsham Master Esq Agent for the East-India Company in the East Indies John Madden of Dublin Ireland Esq Patrick Murray of Scotland Esq RODERICK Mackenzie of Scotland Esq Mayor Aldermen and Common Council of the City of Norwich Jerome Neschu Esq Secretary to her Royal Highness EARL of Panmeur Lord PITMEDEN of Scotland Will. Pincke of London John Parr Citizen of London Sir John Parsons Knight and Baronet Will. Prince Esq Gentleman-Usher to her Royal Highness Richard Palfrey of Dublin Ireland Esq Henry Parker Esq Secretary to the Lord Bishop of London Will. Paynter Fellow of Exeter Coll. Oxon. Sir John Parker of Dublin in Ireland Francis Puy of Isham Northamptonsh Esq JOHN Earl of Rutland ALEX. Lord Bishop of Ross in Scotland Matthew Reeve Goldsmith in Bath Charles Roderick of Eaton Charles Rogers Esq Gentleman-Usher to her Majesty Jo. Speccott Esq of Penble Cornwal Jo. Stronge of Trinity Coll. Cambridge Jo. Staindbrook of Westminster Will. Stokeham M. D. London Stephens Fellow of Exeter Coll. Oxon. Sir Tho. Spencer of Yarnton Bar. Oxfordsh Sir Edward Smith of Hill-Hall Bar. Essex Sir Bryon Stapleton of Milton Bar. Yorkshire Ralph Stowell of Lawham Esq Somersetshire Tho. Sampson Citizen of London James Scott Esq in Bristol Scotland Will. Strickland Esq of Exon. Coll. Oxon. Sir Jo. Topham one of the Masters in Chancery in Ireland Sigismund Trafford of Lincolnshire Esq Trinity Coll. in Dublin Ireland Charles Toriano of London Merchant Sir Edward Villiers Peter Vande-Putt Merchant in London Usher Esq of Ireland HENEAGE Earl of Winchelsea OTHER Windesser Esq Philip Ward Esq Sir George Walker of Bushy-Hall Harfordsh Savil Whittle Chyrurgion to his Majesty Waterhouse M. D. of Exon. Devonsh Will. Warder of Westminster Esq Rob. Warden of Chester Esq Dean and Chapter of Worcester Charles Willoughby M. D. of Dublin in Ireland Edw. Wright of Scotland Esq JOHN Lord Yester of Scotland Benj. Young Minister of Enfield Middlesex Books Printed at the Theatre in Oxford since the Publishing of the first Volume of the Atlas And are to be sold by Moses Pitt at the Angel in St. Paul's Church-Yard London A Short View of the late Troubles in England briefly setting forth their Rise Growth and Tragical Conclusion As also some Parallel thereof with the Barons Wars in the time of King Henry the Third But chiefly with that in France called the Holy League in the Reign of Henry the Third and Henry the Fourth late Kings of that Realm To which is added a Narrative of the Treaties at Uxbridge An. 1644 by Sir Will. Dugdale Garter King at Arms fol. price bound 16 s. The Book of Common-Prayer and Administration of the Sacraments and other Rites and Ceremonies of the Church according to the Use of the Church of England with the Psalter or Psalms of David in folio of a large Roman Letter both upon ordinary and fine Paper Plantarum Historiae Universalis Oxoniensis Pars secunda seu Herbarum distributio nova per Tabulas cognationis affinitatis ex Libro Naturae observata detecta Authore Roberto Morison Med. D. Professore Botanico Regio folio Lactantius de mortibus persecutorum liber accesserunt S. S. Perpetuae Felicitatis S Maximiliani S. Felicis Of the Unity of the Church a Discourse written 1430 years since in the time of Decius the persecuting Emperour By Cyprian Bishop of Carthage and Martyr most useful for allaying the present Heats and reconciling the Differences among us quarto price 6. d. Directions for the Book-binder to place the Maps of this second Volume of the English Atlas 1 GErmania pag. 1 2 Albis Fluvius Generalis pag. 4 3 Circa Hamburgensis pag. 4 4 Saxonia Inferior pag. 53 5 Bremensis Ducatus pag. 56 6 Lunenburgensis Ducatus pag. 64 7 Mecklenburg Ducatus pag. 69 8 Pomerania pag. 76 9 Rugia Insula pag. 81 10 Marchia Brandenburgensis pag. 85 11 Vetus vulgo Altmarck pag. 88 89 12 Mittle Marck pag. 88 89 13 Nova vulgo Newmarck pag. 90 14 Anhalt Principatus Magdeburg Ep. 92 15 Brunsvicensis pag. 96 16 Luneburgensis pag. 101. 17 Hildesheimensis pag. 105. 18 Halberstadiensis pag. 107. 19 Turingia pag. 109. 20 Mansfeldiae Comitatus pag. 111. 21 Saxonia superior pag. 113 22 Misnia Voitlandia pag. 115. 23 Lusatia pag. 119. 24 Silesia Ducatus pag. 121 25 Inferior pag. 121 26 Gloganus Ducatus pag. 124 27 Volaviensis Ducatus pag. 124 28 Breslaviensis Ducatus pag. 125 29 Lignicensis pag. 125 30 Grotganus pag. 126 31 Glatz Comitatus pag. 127 32 Moravia pag. 129 33 Bohemia pag. 133 34 Franconia pag. 137 35 Terriorium Francofurtense pag. 139 36 Henneburgensis Ducatus pag. 140 141 37 Werthemiensis Comit. pag. 140 141 38 River Rhein pag. 4 39 Palatinatus Rheni pag. 4 40 Badensis Marchionatus pag. 145 41 Alsatia pag. 148 42 Upper Alsatia pag. 148 43 Lower Alsatia pag. 148 44 Strasburg pag. 149 45 Wertenburgensis Ducatus pag. 150
Jo. Hawtrey Fellow of Kings Coll. Camb. Robert Hawtrey Esq of Rillip in Middlesex Peter de la Hay of Westminster Tho. Hayes of Crattfield in Suffolk Edward Haynes Esq Nicholas Hayward Pub. Notary of London Charles Hearl Tho. Henshaw Esq of Kensington Middlesex John Herbert Esq Sir John Hewly of Yorkshire Charles Hickman M. A. of Ch. Ch. Oxon. Samuel Hieron M. A. of Huniton in Devon Thomas Hillersden Esq of Elstow in Bedf. Abraham Hill Esq of London Rich. Hill Canon Resid of Sarum Thomas Hill Esq of Silton in Shropsh Samuel Hoadley of Tottenham-Highcross Tho. Holbech D. D. Mr. of Emanuel Coll. Cambridg Tho. Holdsworth Dean of Midleham in Yor. Patrick Home Esq Barth van Homrigh Merchant in Amsterd Robert Hook Esq of Gresham Coll. Lond. Walter Hooper Esq of Stokebury in Kent Anthony Horneck B. D. of the Savoy George Horsnell Citizen of London Sr. Richard How Bar. of Compton in Glouc. Ferd. Hudleston Esq of Millon-Castle Cumb. Mr. Humphries Rector of Barton in the Clay Sr. Tho. Hussey Bar. of Lincolnshire Will. Hussey Merchant of London John Huxley Esq of Broseley in Shropshire Tho. Huxley Fellow of Jesus Coll. Oxon. Harry Hyrne of Kensington in Middlesex Sir LEOLINE Jenkins Principal Secretary of State Will. Jackson M. D. of Nantwich Ja. Jacobson Esq Mr. of the Steel-Yard Tho. James D. D. Warden of All-Souls Coll. Oxon. Will. Jane D. D. Reg. Prof. in Oxon. Nich. Johnson Esq Edward Johnson of Oxford Peter Joy Merchant of London Sr. Tho. Isham Bar. of Lamport Northampt. ANTHONY Earl of Kent Thomas Kerby Merchant of Amsterdam Charles Killigrew Esq Abraham Kick Merchant of Amsterdam Will. Kinsmill of Sydmonton Esq in Hampsh Sir N. Knatchbull Kt Bar. of Marsham in Kent JOHN Duke of Lauderdale GEORGE Earl of Linlithgow General of his Majesties Forces in Scotland FRED Alefeild Count of Langland and Rixingen Great Chancellor to the King of Denmark HENRY Ld. Bp. of London THOMAS Ld. Bp. of Lincoln CHRISTIAN Lindenaw Chamberlain to the King of Denmark and Envoy Extraordinary to the King of England Edward Lake D. D. Sr. James Langham Bar. of Cottesbrook Northamptonshire Sr. William Langham of Walgrave Henry Langly Esq of Shrewsbury John Langley Esq of Amias Shrop. Thomas Langly Esq Henry Lavor Esq John Lawson M. D. London Eldred Lancelot Lee Esq of Cotton in the County of Salopp Esq Dan. Leblon Merchant of Amsterdam Sr. Nicholas Lestrange Bar. of Norfolke Roger Lestrange Esq Sr. Peter Lely of London VV. Levinz M. D. President of St. Johns C. Ox. Thomas Lewis Esq Thomas Lewis Merchant of London John Lewknor Esq of West Dean Sussex Edm. Long Esq of Linehams Court Wiltsh Sr. James Long of Wiltshire Mr. Lovell Cittizen of London John LLoyd D. D. Principal of Jesus Coll. Oxon. Will. LLoyd D. D. Dean of Bangor Robert Lovet Esq Richard Lucas Minister in Coleman-Street London Narcissus Lutterel Esq Edward Lutwych Esq JAMES Duke of Monmouth Chancellor of the University of Cambridg JAMES Marquess of Montross ROBERT Earl of Manchester CHARLES Ld. Vicount Mordaunt WILLIAM Ld. Maynard GEORGE Ld. Dela Mere Sr. JOHN Skiffiington of Fishenwick Bar. Ld. Vicount Massereene LORENG Muller Envoy from the Duke of Brunswick RICHARD Maiteland Esq Sr. GEORGE Mackenzie Ld. Advocate of Scotland Sr. GEORGE Mackenzie Ld. of Torbet Ralph Macro M. D. London Robert Maddox Esq Sr. Thomas Mainwaring Bar. of Pever in Cheshire Rawlin Mallack Esq of Cockington Devon Will. Man Esq Sword-Bearer to the Ld. Mayor of London Thomas Manning of London Gerhardus Martens M. A. and Minister of the German-Church London Narcissus Marsh S. T. P. Provost of Trinity Colledge in Dublin John Marsham Esq of Cuxton Kent Thomas Master Esq of Ciciter Sr. John Matthews Robert Maylin Esq of Binnie John Morris Esq of London Henry Maurice Fellow of Jesus Coll. Ox. Isaac May Merchant of Amsterdam Clement Mayo Esq Edmond Meadow Esq Ro. Meine Esq Postmaster of Scotland Sr. Richard Meredith Bar. of Denbishire Jonas More Esq of the Tower of London John Meriton D. D. Rector of St Michael Cornhill London Roger Meredith Esq Secretary of the Kings Embassy in Holland Sr. Tho. Midleton Bar. of Denbishire John Millington Esq of Newich Edward Mills of the Temple Walter Mills M. D. Adiell Mill Cittizen of London William Molyneux of Dublin Owen Morgan Esq Will. Morton D. D. Dean of Xt. Church Dublin Will. Moses Esq of London Luke Mott Fellow of Caius Coll. Camb. JAMES Earl of Northampton GEORGE Earl of Northumberland JAMES Ld. Norreys FRANCIS Vicount Newport and Baron of High Archoll CHARLES Ld. North and Grey Baron of Kirtling and Rollston ANDREW Newport Esq Sr. John Napper Bar. of Luton Bedfordshire Georg Neale M. D. of Leeds Yorkshire Jasper Needham M. D. London Walter Needham Honorary Fellow of the Kings Coll. of Physitians Sr. Paul Neile of Codnor in Derbyshire Goddard Nelthrop Esq of Charter-House-yard London Edward Nicholas Esq of Hitcham Edward Nicholas Esq John Nicholl Esq Secretary to the Ld. Chancellor John Nicholls Esq of Trewane in Cornw Will. Nicolson Fellow of Queens Coll. Oxon Will. Nott Bookbinder to the Queens Majesty Tho. Novell M. D. London JAMES Duke of Ormond Ld. Lieutenant of Ireland and Chancellor of the University of Oxon. THOMAS Earl of Ossory AWBREY Earl of Oxford JOHN Ld. Bp. of Oxon Sr. Thomas Ogle of Lincolnshire Will. Oliver Bookseller in Norwich Rich. Owen D. D. Rector of St. Swithin and of St. Mary Bothaw London Sr. Henry Oxenden Bar. of Dean in Kent Colleges in Oxford which have Subscribed are All Souls Coll. Tho. James D. D. VVarden Brazen-Nose Tho. Yate D. D. Principal Bailioll John Venn Mr. Christ Church John Ld. Bp. of Oxon Dean Corpus Christi Dr. Newlin President Edmund Hall Stephen Penton Principal Exeter Arthur Berry D. D. Rector Jesus John LLoyd D. D. Principal St. Johns VVill. Levinz M. D. President Lincoln Tho. Marshal D. D. Rector Magdalen Henry Clark M. D. President Merton Sr. Thomas Clayton VVarden New Coll. Dr. Beeston VVarden Oriel Robert Say D. D. Provost Pembroke John Hall D. D. Master Queens Tim. Halton D. D. Provost and Vice-Chancellor Trinity Ralph Bathurst M. D. President University Obadiah VValker Master Wadham Gil. Ironside D. D. Warden WILLIAM Ld. Herbert Earl of Powis CHARLES Earl of Plymouth JAMES Earl of Perth WILLIAM Ld. Bp. of Peterborough WILLIAM Ld. Paget Sr. Tho. Page Provost of Kings Coll. Cambr. Justinian Pagit Esq Allington Painter Esq VVill. Palliser D. D. Reg. Prof. in Dublin Thomas Papilion Merchant in London Richard Parr D. D. of Camberwell George Payn Fell. Com. of Clare Hall Camb. Robert Payn Esq Will. Peachey Esq of New-Grove Sussex Robert Pease Merchant in Amsterdam Will. Peisley Esq of the Temple John Pell D. D. Mr. Pelling of St. Martins Ludgate Lond. Sam. Pepys Esq Sr. Philip Percival Bar. of Ireland Ralph Petley Esq High Sheriff of Kent William Pett Citizen of London Alexander Pitfeild of Hoxdon Middlesex Esq Robert Pleydall Esq Robert Plott L. L. D. of University Coll. Oxon. Sr.
they had several drinking-cups kept in his house beforemention'd which were made of the first Letters he used Angelus Rocha who published an account of the Vatican Library in the days of Pope Sixtus the Fifth tells us that Aldus Junior a learned Antiquary shew'd him a printed Copy of Donatus's Grammar in Vellam in the first page of which were these words Johannes Faustus civis Moguntinus Avus maternus Joannis Schoeffer primus excogitavit imprimendi artem typis aereis Quos deinde plumbeos invenit multaque ad poliendam artem addidit ejus filius Petrus Schoeffer Impressus est autem hic Donatus Confessionalia primo omnium A. D. MCCCCL Admonitus certe fuit ex Donato Hollandiae prius impresso in tabula incisa In which words Mariangelus Accursius for the same Author says 't was his hand assures us that the first man that printed Books in Germany with molten Letters had the first hint of his Trade out of Holland The old Chronicle of the City of Colen which was wrote in the year 1496 confirms this story in telling us wie wail die kunst is vonden tzo Mentz al 's dan nu gemeynlich gebruicht wirt so is doch die eyrste vurbyldung vonden in Hollant vuss den Donaten die dae selffst vur der tzyt gedruckt syn i. e. Notwithstanding the common report of the first invention of this Art at Mentz yet the first hint was had from Holland where Donatus was printed before that time speaking of Guttenburg's first printing at Mentz And indeed most of the German Historians seem very willing to grant that the first printing with wooden Cuts was invented by this Coster before their Country-man found out the way of setting Letters composing words out of the several different characters and making lines up of words and pages of lines but this they look upon as an Art distinct from Typography and no more then in all probability was some thousands of years since practis'd in China and perhaps Mexico too where they used thus to cypher out their Hieroglyphicks But the Hollanders have a second part of their story which if true utterly confutes whatever the High Dutch can pretend to bring against them They tell us further that after Costor had improv'd this new-found Art so far as to print with Tin Letters he began to take more Servants into his House to enable him to carry on his work with greater vigour Amongst these there was one John whom Junius fancies to be Joannes Faustus abovemention'd to whom upon his taking an oath of secresie the whole Art was communicated After this fellow had for some time apply'd himself with all imaginable industry to his trade and attained to as great skill as his Master he resolv'd at the first opportunity to fly and to take with him as many of his Masters Utensils as he and another whom he had made privy to his design could conveniently carry off Accordingly on Christmas-Eve which was a night of as great solemnity in Holland in those days as it is still in the Popish dominions whilst Coster and his whole Family were attending the usual Processions these two seized on as many Cases of Letter and other printing instruments as they were able to convey without the danger of being apprehended in their flight With these carriages John and his Companion got safe to Amsterdam where for some short time they privately printed small Books and Pamphlets Thence they removed to Strasburg and there communicated their Art to Guttenburg who carrying on the Press at his own charges had the honour of being reckon'd the first Printer in the world At last they setled at Mentz where out of danger of being prosecuted by Costor they kept open shop and made public profession of their Trade The first Book they printed in this City was Alexander Gallus's Grammar with Peter Hispanus's small Grammatical Tracts annex'd There is in our public Library at Oxford a Copy of Tully's Offices printed by this Faustus on Vellam which by the irregular and unequal cut of the Letter seems engraven in plates or cut in wood as those Copies of Coster's work which are in the custody of the Prince of Orange and the Citizens of Harlem At the end of it we read these words in red Letters Praesens Marci Tulii clarissimum opus Johannes Fust Moguntinus civis non atramento plumali canna neque aerea Sed arte quadam perpulcra Petri manu pueri mei feliciter effeci finitum Anno M. CCCC LXV Junius says that he often has heard his Master Nicolas Gale tell of an old Bookseller in Harlem with whom he was acquainted in his younger days who had been Servant to Coster and Chamber-fellow witht his Fellow that cheated him of this invention The old man would tell the story with such vehemency of passion as commonly caus'd the tears to gush from his eyes and he was resolv'd to undeceive the world but liv'd not so long as to perform his promise These are the reports we have from both parties whereby each of them pretends a just title to the Invention but whether has the surer grounds I dare not venture to determine Some French Authors have engaged their Kingdom in the brawl and assert that France has as good reason to lay claim to this point of Honour as either Germany or the Low Countries The grounds they have for this conjecture are exceedingly mean and inconsiderable The first original of their mistake as Wimpheling assures us was this About the year 1471 the Art of Printing was first carried to Rome by one Vldaric Hahn a German Now Hahn in the High Dutch signifies as much as the Latin appellative Gallus a Cock whence the Latin writers call'd him Vldaricus Gallus which Campanus and others interpret Vlderic a Frenchman And when those Historians had represented him as the first Founder of Printing in Italy these men very illogically concluded he was the first Inventor of that Art which the world ever heard of Notwithstanding these brags Printing was not only us'd in Holland and Germany but in England also before ever the French were acquainted with it Stow tells us the Hollanders first taught our Nation this Art being brought over into England by William Caxton about the year 1471 and adds that the first printing in this Isle was in Westminster-Abbey But it appears the Art was sooner brought hither then he speaks of For there is in the Archives of our University of Oxford a Copy of St. Jerome's Exposition of the Apostles Creed given by Mr. Moses Pitt the Publisher of this ATLAS printed on Paper which ends thus Explicit exposicio sancti Jeronimi in simbolo apostolorum ad papam laurencium Impressa Oxonie et finita Anno domini M. cccc lxviii xvii die decembris Mr. Wood in his learned Account of the Antiquities of our University at Oxford tells us that Robert Tourner Master of the Wardrobe to King Henry the Sixth was the first that brought from Harlem into
Teutonici or the Dutch Knights tho in all likelihood the Order had this name before it was brought into these parts consisting at its first institution chiefly of Germans Being call'd into Prussia say some by the Muscovite or as others sent thither by the Emperor Frideric II. they seated themselves at Marienberg about the year 1340 after a long engagement in a bloody war against the Natives under the thirteenth Great Master of their Order Sigefrid de Feuchtwangen In the year 1450 they were forc'd to submit to Casimir IV. King of Poland and at last the Order was surrender'd by Albert Marquise of Brandenburg the thirty-fifth and last Great Master of the Order to Sigismund King of Poland who thereupon created him Duke of Prussia Such of the Knights as disrelished this action of their Master Albert retir'd into Germany where they chose one Walter Croneberg Master of their Order Afterwards the Title was conferr'd upon Maximilian one of the younger Sons of the Emperor Maximilian II. But the Order never flourish'd but decay'd daily since the days of Albert before-mention'd and is at this day an obscure honour of little or no repute in the world The only Order of Knighthood at this day known in Germany or taken notice of for Knights of the Empire are the geschlagenen Rittern or dubb'd Knights on whom the Emperor confers that honour by touching them lightly upon the shoulder with a naked Sword and saying to each of them Esto Miles Dei Sancti Stephani The Title of Armiger Esquires or Esquire as we and the French use the word is wholly out of use in the Empire Yet in ancient Dutch Records we read of Skiltknaben and Wapeneren both which words have one and the same signification and are properly render'd Armigeri And these had their Title and Dignity conferr'd on them by delivery of a Sword only without girding it on with a blow on the cheek or ear which gave them the liberty of bearing a Sword or other Arms in attendance on a Knight or Ritter geschlagen but not of wearing it girded on as the Knight himself did For it was not lawful formerly for any subject whatever in the Empire to bear Arms excepting such as had the Emperors more especial licence so to do The Gentry in the Empire are express'd by the general name of Edel-lute Gentlemen which as our Gentleman is an universal name for all such as either from the blood of their Ancestors the favour of their Soveraign or their own virtue are raised to an eminency above the multitude Hence Edel-dom and Edel-heit are used to signifie Nobility and Veredelen and Edel-machen to Enoble Some singularly eminent Gentlemen in Francken Schwaben and Rhein-land who are free from Taxes and subject to no other Court but the Emperor's have the Title of die freye vom Adel or die freye Adeliche Reichs Ritterschaft i. e. the free Gentlemen or Ordo Equestris of the Empire Our English Saxons used the word Aedel in the same signification whence in Aelfric's Glossary Generositas is interpreted AEdelborynnesse Noble Birth and generosa is render'd by þ AEðele or a Noble Woman Indeed Aetheling Etheling or Adeling was commonly used by our Saxon Ancestors to denote the Kings eldest Son or Heir apparent to the Crown who afterwards got the Title of Prince of Wales Hence Edgar Etheling so often nam'd in our English Historians had his Surname which Robert of Glocester in his Poem upon King Harold a manuscript Copy of which may be seen in Sir John Cotton's Library explains thus The Gode tryewemen of the Lond wolde aabbe ymade King The kind Eir the young child Edgar Atheling Wo so were next King by kunde me cluped him Atheling Thervore me cluped him so vor by kunde he was King But if we search into the Etymology of the word we shall find that AEðeling is only a patronymic from the primitive AEðel and signifies no more then Nobilis ortu or Generosus i. e. one descended from him that was AEðel or a Nobleman Thus in King Aelfred's Saxon Version of Bede's Ecclesiastical History we read mid eallum AEðelingum his ðeode that is with all the Ethelings of his Nation instead of the Latin Cum cunctis Gentis suae Nobilibus Of the Present State of the German Church with a view of the Power and Dignity of the Archbishops Bishops Abbots and other Ecclesiastical Orders therein contain'd HOW much several of the Provinces and Principalities of the German Empire differ among themselves in points of Religion since the first beginning of the Reformation by Martin Luther we have shew'n before and it cannot be expected that where the Doctrines are so dissonant there should be an Uniformity in Church Discipline The intolerable greatness which the Roman Church had usurp'd in all parts of the Emperor's Dominions was the first thing which render'd it uneasie and therefore 't was no unexpected change when Luther's opinions had prevail'd with so many of the great Princes of the Empire to see Bishoprics converted into secular Principalities and a new form of Church-Government set up instead of Episcopal Dignity which had been so much abused The Archbishops and Bishops of the Roman Church Prelates of the Roman Church who to this day bear rule in such parts of Germany as have not embraced either Luther or Calvin's Doctrine have more power and exercise a greater authority in their several Bishoprics then any other Prelates in Christendom Most of them are great Princes and challenge as absolute a dominion over the Temporality of their Diocesses as any Secular Elector can pretend to over his own Lands and Inheritance Heretofore besides the three Ecclesiastical Electors there were five Archbishops and thirty Bishops that had Seats and Voices in the Assemblies and Diets of the Empire But their number has exceedingly decreased of late since the Archbishoprics of Magdeburg Bremen and Riga together with the Bishoprics of Halberstadt Minden and Werden have been chang'd into Secular Principalities those also of Besanson Verdun Mets and Toul cut off from the Empire and inseparably united to the Territories of Spain and France and lastly those of Valesia Losanna and Chur abolished by the Suisses Insomuch that at present in the Colledge of Princes of the Empire only the Archbishop of Saltzburg besides the Ecclesiastical Electors and about twenty Bishops have Votes By this secularizing three Archbishoprics and six Bishoprics the Protestant Princes some of them at least have lost the opportunities of providing for their younger Brethren in as plentiful a manner as they could have done before the Treaty of Munster For whilst the Archbishopric of Magdeburg was in the hands of the Elector of Saxony that of Bremen in the possession of the King of Denmark and the rest of the Spiritual Dignities which are now cut off from the Church were in the gift of other Princes of the Empire considerable maintenance was provided for many young Dukes and Counts who at this time can
that great Conqueror From his Loins after several generations descended Billiengus a potent King of the Vandals whose Mother say some was Charles the Great 's Sister He was the first that after his own conversion brought in the profession of Christianity into Mecklenburg tho afterwards at the instigation of his Son Micislaus both himself and all his Subjects turn'd Apostates The next famous Prince of Mecklenburg was Gottschalck surnam'd the Godly who would often himself take the pains to preach Christianity to his Subjects by whom he was at last for his Religion murder'd in the year 1066. From him descended amongst many others Henry II. who dying in the year 1228 left behind him two Sons Nicolot and John From the former of these sprang all the succeeding Princes of the Vandals until William the last Prince of that Line who died in the year 1430. From the later surnam'd Knese Janko or John the Divine because he had taken a Doctor of Divinity 's degree in the University at Paris are descended the present Dukes of Mecklenburg This John left behind him Henry who was six and twenty years kept prisoner by the Turks Father to Henry surnam'd the Lion whose two Sons Albert and John Dukes of Mecklenburg were by the Emperor Charles IV. created Princes of the Empire in the year 1349. Which is not to be understood tho I find this construction put upon it by several of the modern German Historians as if these two Princes before Charles's creation had been only ordinary Lords or Barons of Mecklenburg and by the Emperor advanc'd to the dignity of Princes or Dukes For from him they receiv'd no more than an admission into the number of the Estates of the Empire under whose protection they were brougth by making themselves members thereof upon condition they should be subject to its Laws and contribute to its necessities Albert's eldest Son Albert II. was chosen King of Sweden and not long after taken prisoner by Margaret Queen of Denmark by whom after several years imprisonment he was at last releas'd upon the payment of a vast ransom So that the management of the Dukedom of Mecklenburg was committed to his Brother Magnus a Prince that if we believe Chytraeus who in his first Book of the Saxon Chronicle has given him a noble character was nomine re Magnus endow'd with all the excellent qualities that are requisite to make a brave Prince His Son John who succeeded his Father in the Dukedom founded the University at Rostock in the year 1419. This Duke's Successors Henry the Fat and Magnus II. Founder of the Cathedral Church at Rostock upon the death of William the last Prince of the Vandals made themselves Masters of the whole Land of Mecklenburg After the death of this Magnus and his Son Albert II. the Dukedom came to his Grandchild John Albert in the year 1547 who first brought in the Lutheran Confession into his Dominions by demolishing Popish Abbeys and converting their Revenues to the use of the University at Rostock His Son John III. who died in the year 1592 left two Sons the eldest was Adolph Frideric who married Ann-Mary Countess of East Frisland by whom amongst other children he had Christian-Ludowic the present Duke of Mecklenburg-Swerin His youngest Son was Gustavus Adolphus who seated himself at Gustrow In the late Civil Wars in Germany the whole Land of Mecklenburg was overrun by the Imperial Army and the Dukedom conferr'd upon their ambitious and at last unfortunate General Albrecht Duke of Friedland However within a little while after the two Dukes Adolph Frideric and John Albrecht were reinstated in their Dominions by Gustavus Adolphus the victorious King of Sweden their Kinsman For a character of the present Dukes of Mecklenburg the Reader may have recourse to the following descriptions of Swerin and Gustrow the places of their residence The strength of these Princes would be considerable enough Militâ—â—â— strength sufficient to secure their own Territories and keep their neighbours in awe if firmly united Their equal pretensions to the sole government of the City and University at Rostock did formerly occasion some animosities between the two Houses but this quarrel has for some years last past been quite laid aside and now a difference in Religion the Duke of Swerin being a Romanist and he of Gustrow a Lutheran is the greatest cause of their mutual fears and jealousies Heretofore they thought it their chief interest to adhere to the Swedes and secure themselves under the wings of the potent Kings of that Nations but when after the many conquests of the brave Gustavus Adolphus the power of those Princes grew so formidable as to threaten an universal slavery to their neighbours round about them rather then the defence of any of their Liberties the Dukes of Mecklenburg thought it high time to relinquish that party and join with the Dane and Branburger in opposing their common enemy the King of Sweden They saw Wismar rent out of their hands without any probability of being ever recover'd and they had reason to fear that a great part of the adjoining Country would follow it if their ruin were not timely prevented by the strength of their new Allies The whole Land of Mecklenburg so much I mean as is now subject to the two Dukes which bear that Title is usually divided into these six parts Territries The Dukedomes of Mecklenburg strictly so call'd and Vandalia the Earldom of Swerin the Baronies of Rostock and Stargard and the Bishopric of Butzow In the Dukedom of Mecklenburg are reckon'd the Cities of Wismar to which is the neighbouring Island Poel Tempsin Gades Rhena and Bucow In the Dukedom of Vandalia Gustrow Sterneberg Malchin Stavenhagen Ivenack Neu-Calven Warin Pentzlin Rebell Wredenhagen Malchau Tetrou Goltberg Parchum Plage Lupsian Grabou Domitz Neu-Statt Eldenau and Gorlosen In the Barony of Rostock the City of Rostock Ribnitz Gnoien Tessin Laga Schwan Salines and Morlou In the Barony of Stargard Brandeburg Stargard Furstenburg Strelitz Mirow Fredland and Wesenberg And lastly in the Bishopric of Butzow the City of Butzow and the Peninsula of Swerin The most considerable Cities in the Dukedom of MECKLENBURG I. LUBEC Lubec This City is indeed situate in Wagerland and for that reason we have already given the Reader some short account of it in the Description of Denmark but because it is of it self an Imperial City wholly independant upon the Crown of Denmark and immediately subject to the Emperor of Germany we have reserv'd a more particular survey of it for this place And it cannot so properly be referr'd to any particular Province of the Empire as the Dukedom of Mecklenburg For altho the Citizens of Lubec do not pay any manner of tribute or homage to the Princes of Mecklenburg yet it may perhaps as justly be reckon'd part of that Dukedom as Bremen which never yet acknowledg'd any subjection to the Kings of Sweden may be esteem'd part of that Principality which now bears
death Elected Emperor Whereupon he conferr'd the Marquisate of Brandenburg upon his Brother 17. Sigismund King of Hungary and Bohemia who succeeding his Brother in the Empire sold the Marquisate to Jodocus Duke of Moravia but afterwards having redeem'd it out of the hand of William Marquise of Misnia to whom Jodicus had mortgaged it conferr'd it upon Frideric Burggraf of Noremberg at the Council of Constance in the year 1417. From which time we may begin to reckon up the third and last Catalogue of the Marquises of Brandenburg as follows 1. Frideric Burggraf of Noremberg was in consideration of his good services done against the Rebels in Hungary and Bohemia created as before said Marquise of Brandenburg paying only for his Investiture 400000 Crowns His Son 2. Frideric II. succeeded his Father Surnamed for his peevish and cruel temper the Marquise with the Iron teeth He was made Duke of Pomeren by the Emperor Frideric III. but his Brother 3. Albert relinquished all but the bare Title in Pomeren leaving nothing to his Successors but the name which they have hitherto kept of Dukes of Pomeren However he is said to have been so remarkable at some acts of Chivalry that the usual Titles conferr'd on him by Pope Pius II. were Achilles Germanicus and Vlisses Teutonicus He died at Francfurt at the Election of the Emperor Maximilian in the year 1494. His Son 4. John is reported to have been a Prince as eloquent as his Father was valiant and therefore he is commonly stiled Cicero Germanicus He left the Marquisate in the year 1499 to his Son 5. Joachim As great a Lover as his Father was a Master of Eloquence Founder of the University at Francfurt and first authorizer of the Reform'd Religion in Brandenburg 6. Joachim II. succeeded his Father and in the year 1534 got himself and his followers no small credit in a brave Expedition against the Turks at that time the common Enemy of the German Empire His Son and Successor 7. John George govern'd a long time in peace and prosperity During his life his Son 8. Joachim Frideric was Administrator of the Archbishopric of Magdeburg and after his Father's death govern'd the Marquisate of Brandenburg with the same peaceable meekness and piety He had the usual blessing of good and religious men the happiness to be a Father of many Children whereof the eldest 9. John Sigismund succeeded him He married Ann Daughter of Albert-Frideric Duke of Prussia and Mary Eleanor his Wife Daughter of William I. Duke of Cleve who married his Daughter to the said Duke as he did all the rest to other Princes with promise that upon the decease of her Brethren without issue she and her Heirs should succeed to all his Territories Upon this Title the present Elector of Brandenburg lays claim to the Dukedoms of Cleve Juliers and Bergen or the Mountains with the County of Ravensburg 10. George-William Son to John Sigismund and the Lady Ann beforemention'd claim'd in his Mother's right the Dukedoms aforesaid together with the Barony of Ravenstein All which were parted betwixt him and his Cousin-German Wolfgangus Palatine of Newburg and Son of Magdalen younger Sister to Mary-Eleanor But falling out at last about the division of their Territories they engaged their Friends and Allies in the broil the Palatine having call'd in to his assistance the Forces of Spain and the Elector John Sigismund in behalf of his Son the Confederate States of the Netherlands After the death of Bugislaus Duke of Pomeren 't was hoped he might succeed into that Dukedom also but how the Swede balk'd those expectations in the Treaty of Munster we have already inform'd the Reader This Marquise's Son 11. Frideric William is at present Elector of Brandenburg a Prince wise valiant religious temperate chast and in a word master of all the noble virtues without the least mixture of vices of his Countryand Family He was born in the year 1620 and upon his Father's death declared Elector in the year 1656. He has several Children by both his Wives before mention'd whereof the eldest Son or Electoral Prince Charles Emile was born the sixth of February in the year 1655. Tho the Elector of Saxony was formerly look'd upon as a much more potent Prince then the Marquise of Brandenburg Strength and for that reason has always taken place of him at the Elections of the Emperors yet certainly the case is much alter'd at present and the many accessions to the Elector of Brandenburg's Dominions whereof the present Marquise and his predecessors have made themselves Masters in these last ages have render'd him the most powerful and formidable Prince next to the Austrian Family in the German Empire Besides the Marquisate of Brandenburg he challenges the Dukedoms of Magdeburg Preussen Juliers Cleves Bergen Stetin Pomeren Casubia Vandalia Silesia Crossen and Jagerndorff Again he writes himself Duke of Rugen Prince of Halberstadt and Minden Earl of the Marck and Ravensberg and lastly Baron of Ravenstein The Marquise of Brandenburg's chief interest seems to consist in a firm adherence to the King of Denmark Interest who possibly is the only Prince can secure him from the encroachments of his neighbour the Swede Next to the Swedes he is most jealous of the Dukes of Saxony as having observed them more favoured by the House of Austria in the controversie about the Dukedoms of Juliers and Cleves then himself This obliged him to compose the differences betwixt himself and the Duke of Newburg upon easier terms then otherwise he would have been willing to have done The King of Poland is another terrible neighbour on the coasts of Prussia and therefore the Elector not daring to repose too great a confidence in a Prince who pretends a right to the Ducal as well as Regal Prussia is obliged to keep a constant and strong Army upon those coasts In the year 1657 this question was moved Whether the Elector of Brandenburg might lawfully be deprived of all the Territories which he held in Prussia as Dependances on the Crown of Poland upon his having enter'd into a League with the King of Sweden at that time declared Enemy to Poland The Polish Lawyers urged in the affirmative that the Elector was the King of Poland's Vassal and therefore forfeited his Lands by entering into a Confederacy with his Master's Enemies But certainly when we consider in what a miserable condition poor King Casimir was and how unable to defend either himself or his Subjects and again how probable 't was that in this conjuncture the Swedish Army would have swallow'd up the whole Dukedom of Prussia as it had already the greatest part of the Kingdom of Poland without being obliged to quit the field by such a Treaty the Poles had greater reason to thank the Elector for preserving by this expedient some part of their King's Dominions from the common destruction then to condemn him for wisely shunning the ruin which King Casimir had brought upon this Kingdom There are