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A36804 A short view of the late troubles in England briefly setting forth, their rise, growth, and tragical conclusion, as also, some parallel thereof with the barons-wars in the time of King Henry III : but chiefly with that in France, called the Holy League, in the reign of Henry III and Henry IV, late kings of the realm : to which is added a perfect narrative of the Treaty at U[n]bridge in an. Dugdale, William, Sir, 1605-1686. 1681 (1681) Wing D2492; ESTC R18097 368,620 485

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Iohn Lisle Lords Commissioners of the Great Seal Henry Lawrence Lord President of his Privy-Council Charles Fleetwood his Son in Law Robert Earl of Warwick Edmund Earl of Mulgrave Edward Earl of Manchester William Viscount Say and Sele Iohn Cleypole his other Son in Law and Master of his Horse Philip Lord Lisle eldest Son to the Earl of Leicester Charles Howard of Waworth Castle Philip Lord Wharton Thomas Lord Fauconbridg Iohn Desborough Edw. Montagu Admirals 〈◊〉 Sea George Lord Eure. Bulstrod Whitlock Sir Gilbert Pickering Kt. Collonel William Sydenham Sir Charles Wolfesley Baronet Major General Skippon Strickland Collonel Philip Iones Richard Hampden Sir William Strickland Francis Rous Esq Iohn Fiennes Esq Sir Francis Russell Baronet Sir Thomas Honywood Kt. Sir Arthur Haselrigg Baronet Sir Iohn Hobart Sir Richard Onslow Kt. Sir Gilbert Gerard. Sir William Roberts Kt. Iohn Glyn his Chief Justice of the Upper-Bench Oliver St. Iohn his Chief Justice of the Common-Pleas William Pierpont Esq Iohn Iones Esq Iohn Crew Esq Alexander Popham Esq Sir Christoph. Pack Alderman Sir Rob. Tichburne Alderman Made Kts. by Cromwel Edward Whalley one of his Major Generals Sir 〈…〉 but 〈◊〉 sold Thimbles and Bodkins Sir George Fleetwood another of his Knights Sir Thomas Pryde another of his Knights formerly a Dray-man Collonel Richard Ingoldesby Sir Iohn Heuson another of his Knights formerly a Cobler Iames Berrey one of his Major Generals formerly Clerk to a Forge Collonel William Goffe Thomas Cooper Edmund Thomas George Monke then Commander in Chief of his Forces in Scotland David Earl of Cassils in Scotland Sir William Lockart another of his Knights Sir Archib Iohnston a Scotchman William Steele his Lord Chancelour of Ireland The Lord Broghil Brother to the Earl of Corke in Ireland Sir Matthew Tomlinson another of his Knights The Sitting of which House began upon the twentieth of Ianuary at which time likewise those of the Commons who had formerly declined to sign the Recognition were freely admitted But so much were those new Lords despised and scorned by the Honse of Commons that the Protector finding no advantage by their Sitting Dissolved that his Second Parliament Which was not more slow in complying with his advancement than the Royallists were forward in their contrivances for pulling him down But so great was his vigilancy and no less his cost whereby he had allured some Birds of that Feather that the Consultations of his Adversaries were no sooner had than apparently discovered so that when ever he pleased he could take them in his Net as he always did when he thought that examples of severity might be for his advantage It being therefore once more expedient to renew those terrors to the people he caused his bloody Theatre called the High-Court of Iustice to be again erected in Westminster-Hall where for the more formalities sake the persons whom he did design for destruction were brought the one Dr. Iohn Heuit a Reverend Divine the other Sir Henry Slingsby Kt. a Yorkshire Gentleman of great Loyalty and Valour who being charged with High Treason against his Protectorship and stoutly denying the Authority of that Tribunal had Sentence of death soon passed upon them which they did accordingly suffer with great magnanimity though there was no little endeavour used for to save their lives his Daughter Claypole whose interest otherwise with him was beyond expression solliciting for the Doctor with all earnestness that could be But it concerning him at that time so much in point of Policy to sacrifice some for a terror to others neither her incessant Supplication nor Tears could prevail which brought upon her such excessive grief of mind that falling into a sharp fit of sickness wherein crying out against him for Dr. Heuits blood she dyed with the most bitter torments imaginable Which death of hers was the fore-runner to that of this wicked Tyrant for soon after a deep Melancholy seized closely upon him in which the guilt of so much innocent blood as he had spilt might perhaps somewhat touch him But without doubt that which stuck nearest to him was his real consideration that he could never ascend unto such an height of Sovereignty as his ambitious desires had long gaped after For he plainly saw that the Anabaptists and Fifth-Monarchy men whom in order to the destruction of his lawful Sovereign he had so much cherisht then were and were ever like to be as thorns in his sides and blocks in his way thereto And which is more that not only Fleetwood his Son in Law whom privately he had designed to be his Successor in the Government was an especial friend and favourer of those desperate Fanatics but that Desborough Sir Gilbert Pickering Collonel Sydenham and many other of his Council were underhand well-wishers to Lambert and his party who were known enemies to all Monarchick Rule and consequently to that wherein he had so long aimed to be setled Which sorrows and perplexities of his restless mind meeting with some Natural infirmities of his Body struck him into a sharp and Feaverish distemper whereat his Physicians expressing their thoughts he told them that if they supposed him in a dying condition they were utterly mistaken forasmuch as he had been comforted with Revelations to the contrary Nay he was farther so transported with those vain Enthusiasms and had such brain-sick persons about him even those of his Chaplains who were equally possest with such giddy-headed conceipts that they foolishly dreamed and fancyed as much and told it in publick that having sought God by Prayer for the prolongation of his life they received such assurances of his grant to their Petitions that they not only gave out that he effectually recovered but kept a solemn Thanksgiving for the same at Hampton-Court where he then lay Which strange and bold confidence caused forthwith his removal from thence to White-Hall where he had not been from that time many days but his Physician allarm'd them with his near approaching death Which so awakened the best of his Friends that they soon fell to enquiry whom he intended for his Successor But so little sense had he then of that question that he made them an answer no whit to the purpose Whereupon they askt him whether it was not his Son Richard to which he made them some signs of assent But farther enquiring of his last Will and Testament whereby they presumed that he had nominated his Successor he directed them to his Closet and other places for search but all to no purpose for nothing could be found In which discomposure departing this life upon the third of September to the end that the Government might not fall to the ground some few of the Council giving out that Richard was according to the Instrument the Person declared they immediately caused him to be Proclaimed Protector Having thus traced this Monster to his death which happened on the same day of the month whereon he had been twice wonderfully victorious
A SHORT VIEW OF THE Late Troubles IN ENGLAND Briefly setting forth Their RISE GROWTH and TRAGICAL CONCLUSION As also some Parallel thereof with the BARONS-WARS in the time of King HENRY III. But chiefly with that in France called the HOLY LEAGUE in the Reign of HENRY III. and HENRY IV. late Kings of that Realm To which is added A Perfect Narrative of the Treaty at Uxbridge in an 1644. OXFORD Printed at the THEATER for MOSES PITT at the Angel in St. Paul's Church-Yard London MDCLXXXI Carolus Primus D. G. Anglia Scotia Francia et Hibernia Rex F. D. THE PREFACE THat all Rebellions did ever begin with the fairest Pretences for Reforming of somewhat amiss in the Government is a Truth so clear that there needs no manifestation thereof from Examples Nor were they ever observed to have greater success than when the Colours for Religion did openly appear in the Van of their armed Forces most men being desirous to have it really thought how bad and vile soever their practises are that zeal to God's glory is no small part of their aim Which guilded bait hath been usually held forth to allure the Vulgar by those whose ends and designs were nothing else than to get into power and so to possess themselves of the Estates and Fortunes of their more opulent Neighbours Should I look far backwards for discovery of the first source and fountain whence that viperous brood which not long since hath so miserably infested these Kingdoms did spring of whose unparallel'd practises the ensuing Narrative doth specially take notice I must ascend to the times of Moses and Aaron the one the supreme Magistrate the other the chief Priest Corah Dathan and Abiran then rising up and taking upon themselves an authority equal with those chosen servants of God and saying that all the Congregation was Holy In like manner afterward when Absolom the rebellious son of David rose up against his father there was a demure face of Godliness put on of a solemn vow to be performed to God at Hebron and large promises of reformation of all abuses in Government were made by the unnatural usurper This sort of practice continued in the Iewish Church till the time of the Gospel as is conspicuous enough from the words of our blessed Saviour where he speaks of the Scribes and Pharisees that they did outwardly appear righteous unto men but within were full of Hypocrisy and Guile devouring Widows houses and for a pretence making long Prayers Our Lord in the xith and xvith Chapter of St. Luke making likewise a farther Description of them St. Paul also in his Epistle to Timothy plainly foretelling us that such should again spring up in the last times Men saith he who shall be Lovers of themselves covetous boasters proud c. Traiterous heady high-minded c. having a form of Godliness but denying the power thereof Now that the offspring of these did more or less infest the world throughout all after-times would be no difficult thing to manifest were it here necessary or convenient In the time of heathen persecution of Christianity rose up Novatian the father of the Cathari or Puritans to whom may be added Donatus and his followers who confin'd Godliness to themselves and religion to Africa their country After the settlement of the Church in Christian Emperors appear'd Aerius the first inventor of Presbytery which tho it seem'd a long time dead has been of late raked out of its ashes and made to trouble and set on fire the Western Church As to the usual practises of the men of this sect there is nothing more clear than that Religion nay the Reformation thereof to its purity hath bin the thing which they have ever cryed up and that meekness sanctity and the power of Godliness are the Cloaks in which they have alway at first shew'd themselves by which plausible devices they have captivated thousands But it is no less evident that having by this means got power into their hands destruction of civil Government Rapine Spoil and the greatest mischeifs imaginable have bin the woful effects of those their Specious pretences whereby they have really verified that expression of our Saviour viz. that they were of their father the Devil and the Works of him they should do But to come nearer my present business That the Actions of our late times chiefly from the year 1637 till 1660 can be easily forgotten or that there is any need of reviving the memory of them to this present Age 't is not to be imagin'd Nevertheless for their sakes who are ignorant of the means and preparations made in order to those grand Exploits then done and that Posterity may have a short view thereof I have adventured upon the publishing of this Discourse which was long since compiled Wherein I first deduce our late Troubles in England and other his Majesties Realms from the principles of those persons who about an hundred and fifty years before under the same Hypocritical pretences did greivously infest Germany And having finished that Narrative as particularly and fully as I may afterwards manifest that the original project of our chief Contrivers here was to reduce the King to Necessities and thereby to expose him to the use of such extraordinary ways of Supply as might most conduce to the raising of discontent amongst all his good Subjects Which they did by engaging first his father in a war for the Palatinate and their failing to assist him notwithstanding their most solemn promises As also by planting Schismatical Lectures in most corporateTowns and populous places throughout the Realm so to poison the people with Antimonarchical principles In the next place I shall take notice of the rise and progress of the late troubles in Scotland which were the Prologue to these of ours Then of the Scottish Invasion which occasioned the unhappy long Parliament and likewise of some proceedings in that Parliament before the predominant party therein did put themselves in Arms. After this I shall point at the dissolution of the Presbyterian power and growth of the Independent whereupon ensued the nefarious murther of King Charles the first and after that such confusions as made way for the happy Restoration of our present Soveraign King Charles the second Which being done I shall make some observations upon their first fair and smooth pretences set forth in several Declarations and Remonstrances by which the too credulous people were miserably deluded and drawn from their due Allegiance And lastly give some brief Account of those Actings by the Rebellious Barons here in the time of King Henry the third which had most resemblance with the practises of these our pretended Reformers As also shew how exact a parallel these great Masters in mischief have held with those of the Holy League in France whose Rebellion terminated in some sort as ours did in the Murther of their King What falleth within my own cognisance I deliver with mine own words what is beyond
preamble whereof beginneth thus for asmuch as the Prosperity and Safety of this Nation and the Dommions thereunto belonging very much dependeth under God upon the security and preservation of the person of his Highness c. In which Act several offences were adjudged Treason and certain Commissioners for England and Wales therein nominated for the Tryal of Offenders against the said Act. Which foundation being so laid it was by his Friends and Favourers then thought high time to discover what they would be at and accordingly moved that whereas this Nation had for thirteen hundred years at the least been governed by Kings and though some of them had offended the people yet that Title had never been abolished Also whereas the Government by the said Title was interwoven with the Laws and accommodated to the dispositions of the people that they should humbly Petition and Advise his Highness to take upon him the same Title Which motion took such effect that there was an Instrument soon drawn up by them called the Humble Petition and Advice whereby they besought his Highness so to do Whereunto that he might not seem to have any knowledg of what they were about much less any desire thereof but be still more and more sought to and importuned therein he answered with all shew of modesty that indeed those Arguments which they had used to him were persuasive but not compulsive and that the Title of Protector might be well accommodated to the Laws To which they replyed that the Title ought to be such as was suitable to the Laws and the Laws not be made suitable to the Title urging the Statutes of 9. Edw. IV. and 3. Henr. VII whereby it was provided that no one should suffer for bearing Arms on the behalf of him that was de facto King though he had no just right to the Crown Which Arguments were made use of to him meerly for shew the better to disguise his ambitious aim as though without such strong motives he could not have been won thereto But the plain truth is that after this business came thus in question the Sectaries of all sorts nay a great part of the Souldiery shewed a vehement dislike thereof being privately instigated by Lambert and some other of the Principal Officers who did themselves upon Cromwels death expect to have succeeded him in the Place of Protector it being Elective as is manifest from the Instrument of Government whereby that Tyrant was at first so Constituted whereas had he been advanced to the Title of King the case might have been otherwise So that this crafty Fox discerning no small peril to himself by such divisions as might thereby arise especially in the Army wherein lay his chief strength and support thought it the safest way to decline it and to stick still to that of Protector yet to have the Government setled in a kind of Monarchic manner And so in imitation of that which had formerly been Regal to have a House of Peers But against that also there were great and high oppositions so that though it was with much ado agreed that there should be another House yet it would not be allowed the Title of an House of Peers Whereupon the result was that an Act Intituled The Humble Petition and Advice should pass whereby they ordained what Stile the chief Magistrate should have idest Lord Protector of the Common-Wealth of England Scotland and Ireland and the Dominions and Territories thereto belonging Likewise that Parliaments consisting of two Houses should be called once in three years with qualifications of such as should serve therein And that the number of such as should sit in the other House should be nominated by the Lord Protector and approved by the House of Commons Moreover that he should have power to nominate his Successor And that a Confession of Faith should be agreed on by his Highness and the Parliament according to the Rule and Warrant of the Scriptures Which Act being presented to him accordingly was assented to and passed But that Act being in some sort deficient about a month following they passed another relating thereto and called The Explanatory Petition and Advice Wherein inter alia is this Clause viz. Whereas in the Fourth Article Publick Ministers or Publick Preachers of the Gospel are disabled to the Elected to serve in Parliament it is hereby explained and declared to such Ministers and Preachers only as have maintenance for Preaching or are Pastors or Teachers of Congregations In which Act is also contained the Oaths of the Lord Protector and of his Privy-Council as also the Oaths of the Members of that Parliament Soon after which he was again in WestMinster-Hall standing under a Rich State solemnly invested into his Old Title of Lord Protector and into the Government thus new modelled Where in the presence of the Members of that Parliament Sir Thomas Widdrington their Speaker delivered unto him in the name of them all and as Representatives of all the people in the three Kingdoms a Purple Robe lyned with Ermine as also a Bible Sword and Scepter descanting upon each of them as significant in some respect All which being performed the Instrument of that new Modelled Government called The Humble Petition and Advice was publickly read Whereunto assenting he was then and there Proclaimed Protector of England Scotland and Ireland with sound of 〈◊〉 and afterwards in the City of London So likewise at Dublin in Ireland and Edenburgh in Scotland Which new devised Government so much resembling Monarchy though the Title did not sute thereto did so 〈◊〉 please the Anabaptists and Fifth-Monarchy men that they 〈◊〉 spired his ruin by a sudden Insurrection but their 〈◊〉 being timely discerned came at length to nothing 〈◊〉 reupon for prevention of farther mischief he committed to Prison several persons of no small note whose power with the Souldiery might otherwise have much endangered his safety Viz. Lawson one of his Admirals at Sea Harrison Rich Danvers and some other Colonels Nay Lambert himself being aware that his hopes of succeeding him were then by that new framed Government frustrated began to fall off from him and to incline to the Fanaticks Which so awakened the Protector that he took from him his Commission of Lieutenant General and gave it to Fleetwood who by the Marriage of his Daughter stood more nearly typed to his Interest And that he might the better allure those of the Army and some other which were no great friends to him to conform the more pliantly to this his new setled Dominion he tickled them with the specious Title of Lords by calling them to fit in the other House obliging also many other desperate and mean persons which were Officers of the Army with the like shadows of Honour The names of which persons so called were as followeth viz. Richard Cromwel his eldest Son Henry Cromwel his other Son then Lord Deputy of Ireland Nathaniel Fienes