orient Suidas Hieron da S. Stephano Thom. Steuens Stephanus Byzant Srabot Strabus Georg. Stampellus Henry Stephanus Surius Ludolph Suchenensis Stuckius Suares I. Bap. Scortia Sinod Constantinop Suetonius Io. Chr. Caluetus Stella Did. Stella Io. Mar. Stella Tileman Stella Summa Saracen Sectae D. Sutcliffe Edwardus Syluius Sulaka T TAtianus Corn. Tacitus Io. Tasnier Fr. Thamata Franc. Tarapha Theodoretus Theophilus f. Theoph. Antiochenus Tertullianus Terentius Theophilactus Temporarius Thesoro Politico R. Aben Tybbon William Thorpe Thaiso Sinensis Lit. Theophrastus Relat. del Temistitan Theophanes F. A. Theuet Thucidides Tibullus Ro. Thorne Timberley Ro. Tomson W. Towerson Trelcatius Tremellius Mas Transiluano Tripartita hist Mer. Trismegistus Trithemius Nic. Trigautius Increase of Trade Defence of Trade Toletus Adrianus Turnebus Cosm Turrianus G. Tyrius G. Trapezunt Con. Trident. Turselius L. de May. Turquet Tyndarus Ioannes Tzetzes V LOp Vaz Cor. Valerius Fr. Vaez Ioa. Vadianus Ioach. Vagetius F. Vatablus Caspar Varerius Martin de Valentia A. Valignanus Ioan. Vasaeus R. Verstegan Com. de Vena L. Vertomannus Eman. de Veiga Io. Verrazano Verhuffi Nauig Viperanus Viaggio in Persia N. life of Virginia F. a Victoria P. Victor S. A. Victor Victor Vticensis Nic. Villagagnon Gasp Vilela Gerar. de Veer Virgilius Pol. Virgil Ant. du Virdier Iacob a Vitriaco Vitruvius Viguerius Voy du Villamont L. Viues Fr. de Vllca R. Volateranus Vrsinus Luys de Vrreta Fla. Vopiscus Americus Vesputius Ger. Io. Vossius W THomas Walsingham Lord De la Ware D. Whitakerus Alexander Whitaker D. Willet Whitney Ia. Welsh Webs Trauels T. Windam L. Warde Ward and Dansker Siluester Wiet Seb. de Wert Io. White Nau. D. White George Wilkins T. Wiars The World Descrip. of the World Henr. Wolfius Io. Wolfius Theol. Fr. Wendelinus Richard Whitborne Edward Winne Io. Wolfius I. C. Wolf Wissenberg S. H. Willoughby Nau. I. Wragge X XEnophon Franc. Xeres F. Xauier Hier. Xauier Z ZAbarella Hier. Zanchius A. Zachuth Zaga Zabo Zonaras Zeui Nau. c. Zoroaster f. Io. Zygomalas Theodos Zygomalas Theod. Zuingerus THE NAMES OF MANVSCRIPTS TRAVELLERS AND OTHER AVTHORS the most of which are published in our Bookes of VOYAGES which together with this Impression is made publike WIlliam Anthon. Samuel Argal Lit. Aleppenses Thomas Bernhere Ambros de Armariolo William Baffin Andrew Battell Brasill Treatise Iames Beuersham Hen. Brigs George Ball Banda Surrenders Hist. Barnwell George Barkly Nic. Bangam Capt. Tho. Best Sir Tho. Button Rich. Blithe Chr. Browne Samuel Castleton Thomas Candish Na. Courthop Io. Chambers Io. Catcher Thomas Crowther Iohn Crowther Peter Carder Thomas Clayborne Tho. Cowles William Clark Iohn de Castro B. Churchman H. Challenge Thomas Carmer William Colston Patrike Copland Discouerie of Chesipeak Richard Cocks Sir T. Dale Iames Dauies Beniamin Day Cassarian Dauid Doctor Dee Iohn Dauies Nicholas Dounton Capt. Dodsworth Thomas Dermer Edward 2. Litterae Tho. Edge Iohn Eliot John Ellis Capt. Elkington Expeditions Iournall Peter Willamson Flores Rob. Fotherby Christopher Fortescue Hum. Fotherbert Richard Finch William Finch Io. Iuan de Fuca Raleigh Gilbert Anthony Goddard William Goodlard Thomas Glouer Walsingham Grisley William Gourdon Greenland Voyages Gronland Treatise Iohn Guy Iames Hall Iohn Hatch William Hoare W. Harborne Roger Hawes Antony Hippon Thomas Hanham Edward Harleigh Sir Richard Hawkins Iosias Hubert Ro. Hayes William Heley William Hawkins Sir Ierome Horsey Io. Iordan Lewis Iacktan Robert Iuet George Iackson Richard Jobson Master Keble Iohn Knights Tho. Knolles Antony Kniuet Ia. Lane Henry Lello Iohn Leman Letters of diuers Easterne Kings Charles Leigh Iosias Logan Michael Locke Sir Iames Lancaster Nathaniel Martin Mexican history William Methold Sir Ed. Michelborne D. Duart de Meneses William Masham Iohn Mildnall G. Muschamp Sir Henry Middleton Dauid Middleton I. Milward Iohn Newbury Ric. Nash William Nicholls Ogoshasama R. Lit. Walter Payton Abacuck Pricket Ionas Pooley Patents diuers Martin Pringe Iohn Playse George Popham G. Pettys Pedrucka R. Ach. Lit. George Percy Newp Voy to Powhatan William Parker E. C. taking Port Ricco 2. Pilgrimage in Rime Lit. Presb. Iohan. As Albert. de Prato William Pursgloue Pachaturunuras Richardus Canonicus Master Rolph Sir Thomas Roe Iohn Rut Nathaniel Salmon Rob. Salmon Ioseph Salbank Iohn Selden Iohn Sanderson A. Spaldwin Captaine Saris William Strachie Thomas Sherwin Sir Ed. Scory Th. Spurway Rob. Swan Rob. Smith Francis Sparrie Edward Terry Thomas Turner William Turner L. Tribaldus Toletus Kellum Throgmorton Alexandro Vrsino Virginia Voy. Diuers Anonim Ind. Voyages Diuers Anonim Declaration of Virginia George Weymouth Ed. Maria Wingfield Iohn Wilson Th. Wilson Ralph Wilson William White Thomas Widhouse Iohn Ward Nic. Withington Mat. Willes And many other Relations and Reports of Gentlemen Merchants Mariners c. RELATIONS OF THE WORLD AND THE RELIGIONS OBSERVED IN ALL AGES AND PLACES DISCOVERED FROM THE CREATION VNTO THIS PRESENT Of the first beginnings of the World and Religion and of the Regions and Religions of BABYLONIA ASSYRIA SYRIA PHOENICIA and PALESTINA THE FIRST BOOKE CHAP. I. Of GOD one in Nature three in Persons the FATHER SONNE and HOLY GHOST THE Poets were wont to lay the Foundations and First Beginnings of their Poeticall Fabrikes with invocation of their gods and Muses although those workes were sutable to such worke-men who according to their names were Makers of those both Poems and gods I as farre short of their learning as beyond them in the scope of my desires would so farre imitate their manner in this matter which I intend that although I enuy not to some their foolish claime of that Poeticall not Propheticall inheritance to make my Maker and my matter as in a Historie not a Poeme must be made to my hands Yet in a Historie of Religion which hath or should haue GOD to be the Alpha and Omega the Efficient from whom the End to whom it proceedeth the Matter of whom the Forme by whom and whose direction it entreateth I could not but make a Religion to begin this discourse of Religion at him this being the way which all men take to come to him First therefore I beseech him that is the First and Last the Eternall Father in the name of his Beloued and Onely Sonne by the light of his Holy and All seeing Spirit to guide mee in this Perambulation of the World so to take view of the Times Places and Customes therein as may testifie my religious bond to him whose I am and whom I serue and the seruice I owe vnto his Church if at least this my Mite may be seruiceable to the least of the least therein that as he is in himselfe the Beginning and Ending so he would be in some measure of this Worke the Author and Finisher that in the beholding this Mappe of so infinitely diuersified Superstitions we may be more thankefull for and more zealous of that true and onely Religion which Christ by his Bloud hath procured by his Word reuealed by his Spirit sealed and will reward eternally in the Heauens And hereto let all
learned labours will giue him good directions He saith it is the same which Brocard in his Description of the Holy Land calleth Valania hee also correcteth the vsuall Translations of Ptolemey and Iosephus learned Casaubon is of his minde and addes other things ridiculous enough out of the Rabbines out of whose muddie Lakes this Riuer floweth to enclose the fabulous Iewes aforesaid If any maruell why in a Discourse of the Sea wee adde this I answere that wee cannot finde the Land whereto it is due and therefore one absurditie must follow another But let vs proceed §. III. Of the Red Sea Sir H. MIDDLETONS taking and of Rhodes and Cyprus THe Red Sea or Arabian Gulfe seemes vnwilling to be the Oceans subiect so many small Ilands doth she continually muster in resistance besides her vndermining the the Sea with her shallow Channell conspiring the destruction of many heedlesse Mariners that here will aduenture as tenants to the Sea in their mouing houses Once by a mightier hand was it helped to preuaile against the Seas force to discouer a dry Land in the middest thereof and with her watery erected wals to guard those new passengers till the same hand reuersed it or rather rewarded the then empty belly thereof with the prey of so many thousand Egyptians Babelmandel Camaran and Mazua are accounted amongst the chiefe of these Isolets Suachen hath most souereigntie being the Seat of the Turkish Bassa for Abassia Arianus in his Periplus of the Red Sea and Agatharchides in a Treatise of like Argument mention not many Ilands therein Orine Alalaeae Catacumene and that of Diodorus in the mouth of the Strait Don Iohn of Castro hath written an exact Treatise from his owne experience of these Seas and Ilands which Master Hakluit hath in a written Copy out of which we shall obserue more in our coasting about Afrike Thomas Iones who was in the Ascension in this Sea speaketh of twelue or thirteene desolate Ilands where they found refreshing with Cokos Fish and Turtle-doues whereof one may with his hands take twenty douzen in a day The Straits are a mile and an halfe ouer but now not chained Mokha is the chiefe Staple of Indian Commodities which passe that way to Cairo and Alexandria This Moha or Mokha is eighteene leagues within the Bab and hath beene often visited by English ships but in the yeere 1610. they dealt treacherously and barbarously with Sir H. Middleton and his Fleete both here and at Aden Aden hath beene of great trading a great Citie now ruinated neither shops of any account within it nor shippes of Merchandize without adorning the same as in times past Neither doe the Turkes deserue better who tooke it by treachery at first hanging vp the King comming to visit them and keeping or rather losing and lessening it still by like treachery Thus dealt they with Captaine Downton his Company in colour of Trade surprising twenty and making them prisoners and yet worse was the Generall dealt with at Moha The Aga after much protestation of loue and vesting him publikely to testifie the Grand Signiors Grace in cloth of Gold giuing leaue to set vp their Pinnasse with many offices and offers of kindnesse on the eight and twentieth of Nouember suddenly assaulted the English killed eight knocked downe the Generall and tooke him with eight and fortie of his company and Master Pemberton also with nine of his Men. They attempted presently to surprise the Darling with three great Boates full of Souldiers where they found the Trumpeter asleepe and slue him with another The decke vpon occasion of romeaging that day for Quick-siluer was couered with victuals none of the companie fearing or prepared for offence or defence Happily one threw forth a barrell of poulder and disturbed them with fire which when their Captaine Emer Bahare cryed to cut the ships cables made them mistake and cut the Boat-ropes so driuing away leauing their Captaine and sixe and twentie more behinde to the slaughter And with a Peece they gaue present warning to the Trades Increase Sir Henries ship so that their villanie succeeded not by Sea their intent being to become Masters of all The next day Sir Henrie Middleton with seuen more all chained by the necks were brought before the Aga who sternely demanded how he durst come into their Port of Moha so neere their holy Citie of Mecca being the Port and Doore thereof adding that the Bassa had order from the Great Turke to captiuate all Christians in those Seas although they had His Owne Passe He pressed the Generall to write to the Ships that they should come on shore out of the water into this fire and not preuayling caused Him to be taken out of his chaine and coller and clapping a great paire of fetters on his legs and manacles on his hands separated from the rest of his companie laid him in a dirtie dog-kennell vnder a paire of staires At night the Consull of the Banians intreated some mitigation so that he was remoued to a better roome but lodged on the bare ground continuing in this miserie They hoped meanewhile for want of water and victuall to obtayne the ships till December 20. Order then came from Ieffar Bassa to bring them to Zenan or Sinan chiefe Citie of Yeoman or Ayaman Then being re-examined as before His Irons were knocked off and with foure and thirtie more English hee was sent thither the Turkes themselues pitying their manacles and some of them doing them fauours Master Pemberton made a strange escape Zenan is ninescore miles from Moha North North-west in 16. 15. There they arriued januarie 5. being their Diuano or Councell day conueyed as in great pompe and triumph one by one The Generall was carried vp into the Castle to a roome twelue steps high where two great Men tooke him by the wrists and led him to the Bassa sitting at the vpper end of a long Gallerie couered on the floore with Turky carpets and when hee came within two yards of Him he was staid the Bassa with frownes demanding his countrey and other questions like those of the Aga. Then was he with foure or fiue more committed to the Keepers house ; the rest to the common prison clapped in Irons where they had with their small allowance starued if the Generall had not releiued them by the meanes of some of the Turkes themselues by promises and other meanes become their friends On Ianuarie 17. arriued nineteene more of those which had beene betrayed at Aden On the 11. of Februarie they were all freed of their Irons whereas they heard their intent had beene to cut off the heads of the chiefe and make slaues of the rest and at last with faire promises returned to Moha in the beginning of March And on the 11. of May the Generall made his escape by this deuice He sent to the ship for prouisions as for longer stay and especially for Wine and aquavite which hee gaue bountifully amongst his
but a Bay and vncertaine what that of Hudson is the most of which is discouered impassible Yet Hopes are not quite extinct we must expect Gods pleasure and future Discoueries for this passage It seemes that most of all those Seas in the North parts beyond New-found-land are intermixed with Ilands a Maze and Labyrinth to the Discouerer In this Voyage and Bay they saw many of those fishes called Sea-Vnicornes such as wee haue mentioned in Sir Martin Frobishers Nauigation some of which fishes are twelue or sixteene foot long the horne seeming to hold the proportion of two thirds in length to their bodies and of these it seemes are those in Venice and other places reserued as great Iewels Greater Iewels are those Merchants and Mariners which to the glory of our Nation spare no cost and feare no danger in these their attempts Resolute gallant glorious attempts which thus seeke to tame Nature where she is most vnbridled in those Northeasterly Northwesterly Northerly Borders where she shewes her selfe al Borderer indeed and to subdue her to that gouernment and subiection which God ouer all blessed for euer hath imposed on all sensible creatures to the nature of Man resembling in one Image and abridgment both God and the World consisting of a spirituall and bodily visible and inuisible subsistence How shall I admire your Heroike courage yee Marine Worthies beyond all names of worthinesse that neyther dread so long eyther presence or absence of the Sunne nor those foggie mysts tempestuous winds cold blasts Snowes and Haile in the Ayre nor the vnequall Seas which might amaze the hearer and amate the beholder where the Tritons and Neptunes selfe would quake with chilling feare to behold such monstrous Icie Ilands renting themselues with terrour of their owne massines and disdayning otherwise both the Seas souereigntie and the Suns hottest violence mustering themselues in those watery Plaines where they hold a continual ciuill warre and rushing one vpon another make windes and waues giue backe seeming to rent the eares of others whiles they rent themselues with crashing and splitting their congealed Armours nor the riggid ragged face of the broken Lands sometimes towring themselues in a lofty height to see if they can find refuge from those snowes and colds that continuall beate them somtimes hiding themselues vnder some hollow Hilles or Cliffes sometimes sinking and shrinking into Valleyes looking pale with snowes and falling in frozen and dead swounds sometimes breaking their necks into the Sea rather imbracing the waters then the Ayres cruelty and otherwhile with horrible Earthquakes in heat of indignation shaking asunder to shake off this cold and heauy yoke Great God to whom all names of greatnesse are little and lesse then nothing let me in silence admire and worship thy greatnesse are little and lesse then nothing let mee in silence admire and worship thy greatnesse that in this little Heart of man not able to serue a Kite for a a breake-fast hast placed such greatnesse of spirit as the World is too little to fill only Thy selfe the Prototype and Samplar of this Modell canst with thine owne selfe becomming all in all vnto vs fill and more then satisfie Thee I beseech to prosper in this and like attempts this Nation of ours that as in greater light then to Others thou hast giuen vs thy Sonne so with him thou wilt giue all things euen this among other blessings that thy Virgin Truth by Virginian Plantation or Northerly Discouery may triumph in her conquests of Indian infidelity maugre the brags of that Adulteresse that vaunteth her selfe to be the only Darling of God and Nature CHAP. IIII. Of Newfoundland Noua Francia Arambec and other Countries of America extending to Virginia §. I. English Discoueries and Plantations in Newfoundland LEauing those vnknowne and frozen Lands and Seas although there is yet knowne no frozen Sea otherwise then as you haue heard let vs draw somwhat neerer the Sunne gently marching as the situation of Regions shall direct vs lest if we should suddenly leape from one extremitie to another wee should rather exchange then auoid danger And here we haue by Land Saguenay and many Countries of Canada which the French haue stiled by a new name of New France and by the Sea the Ilands many in number and much frequented for their plenty of fish commonly called Newfoundland which name some ascribe to an I le others to diuers Ilands and broken Lands which the French call Bacalos vpon the gulfe and entrance of the great Riuer called Saint Lawrence in Canada This Riuer some call the Strait of the three Brethren some Saint Lawrence and others Canada It farre exceedeth any Riuer of the elder World It beginneth sayth Iaques Cartier beyond the Iland of Assumption ouer against the high Mountaynes of Honbuedo and of the seuen Ilands The distance from one side to the other is about fiue and thirtie or forty leagues In the middest it is about two hundred fathome deepe There are great store of Whales and Sea-horses From the entrance vp to Hochelaga is three hundred leagues Many Ilands are before it offering of their good nature to be mediators betweene this haughty streame and the angry Ocean many others all alongst his passage he holdeth in his louing vnlouely lap washing and hugging them with his ruder imbracings The former are vsually frequented and were first discouered by the English the other by the French Of Sebastian Cabot his proceeding this way is spoken already Robert Thorne in a Treatise of his before mentioned affirmeth that his Father and one Master Eliot were the Discouerers of the Newfoundland and exhorted King Henry to vndertake the search of the Indies by the Pole which he held to be nauigable Vpon this motion 1527. the King sent two ships as Hall and Grafton mention in their Chronicles one of which ships was cast away about the North parts of Newfoundland the other shaping her course towards Cape Briton and the Coasts of Arambec or as some call it Norumbega returned home Iohn Rut wrote a Discourse hereof to the Honourable Kings Grace of England that I may borrow his owne words wherein he declareth their coasting and the height of some places as Cape Bas in 52. degrees and 25. leagues thence Cape Ras c. They found there eleuen Sayle of Normans one Briton and two Portugall Barkes fishing Albertus de Prate another of them wrote another Iournall to Cardinall Wolsey More tragicall was the successe of Master Hores company which set our nine yeeres after in this Discouery but by famine were brought to such extremities that many of the company were murthered and eaten by their fellowes And those which returned were so altered that Sir William Buts a Norfolke Knight and his Lady knew not their Sonne Master Thomas Buts one of this starued number but by a secret marke namely a War◠which Nature had sealed on one of his knees The commod ties and qualities of Newfoundland are related by Master Parkhurst Master Hayes Sir Geo.
with the Riuer running thorow the Citie turning it out of the chanell Thence they passed into Russia and made foule hauocke there destroying Kiou the chiefe Citie They proceeded against the Hungarians and Polonians and in their returne inuaded the Morduans being Pagans and conquered them in battaile Then they marched against the people called Byleri or Bulgaria magna and vtterly wasted the Countrey From hence they proceeded towards the North against the people called Bastarci or Hungaria magna and hauing conquered them subdued also the Parossitae and Samogetae thence proceeding vnto the Ocean Sea At the same time Occoday sent Cerpodan against Kergis who subdued them in battaile These are Pagans hauing no beardes at all They haue a custome when any of their fathers die in token of lamentation to draw as it were a Leather thong ouerthwart their faces from one eare to the other Hence hee marched with his forces Southward against the Armenians which they conquered with part of Georgia receiuing tribute of the other part and from thence into the Dominions of the mightie Soldan called Deurum whom they vanquished in fight And to be short they went on further sacking and conquering euen vnto the Soldan of Aleppo whose Countries they subdued They marched against the Caliph of Baldach and exacted at his hands the daily tribute of foure hundred Byzantines besides Baldakines and other gifts Thus farre of their Conquests out of Frier Iohn aforesaid who was in person with Bathy or Baydo and at the Court of Cuine the Emperour Haithon calleth Baydo the second sonne of Occoday or Hoccota Can affirming That hee sent his three sonnes Iochi into the West as farre as Tygris Baydo towards the North and Chagoday towards the South Hee sent also one Baydo whither the same or another with thirtie thousand horse against the Soldan of the Turks whose Realme hee subdued in the yeere 1244. He addeth That Baydo hauing conquered Cumania which hee confineth on the East with the Corasmians on the West with the Euxine on the North with Cassia haply Casan on the South with the Riuer Etil he subdued Russia Gazaria Bulgaria and so passing into Austria following the streame of his victories in the passage of a great streame was there drowned His heires succeeded him in the places which he had conquered which Seignorie Tochay possessed in Haithons time This Historie of Baydo his death is not likely For Yvo of Narbona in an Epistle to the Archbishop of Burdeaux recorded by Matth. Paris in the yeere 1243. saith That in the same present summer they had departed out of Hungarie and laid siege to Neustat wherein this Yvo then was and in the yeere 1246. Frier Iohn was with the said Baydo who also rehearseth that Hungarian Expedition and his returne vnto those parts about Volga or Etil Likewise William de Rubruquis a Frier Minorite was sent to Baatu so he calleth him from Lewes the French King in Anno 1253. And to this agreeth Mathias a Michou in his Sarmatian Historie who witnesseth That in the yeere 1241. the Tartars vnder Bathu came into Russia and destroied Kiou a Citie before stately and beautifull hauing in it three hundred Churches and more very faire of which some remaine to this day among the shrubs and briers receptacles for wilde beasts It was the Seat of the Metropolitan who had vnder him many Bishops thorow Moldauia Valachia Russia and Muscouia Hee sent Peta into Polonia who destroied the Countrey and on Ashwednesday turned Cracouia into ashes abandoned before both of the Prince and People and after ouerthrew Duke Henrie and other Noblemen with the forces of the Countrie assembled against them together with Pompo the great Master of the Dutch Order in Prussia in which battaile a certaine Tartarian Standard-bearer carrying in a great Standard the Greeke letter X and on the top of the staffe a blacke and terrible Image with a long beard began with inchantment strongly to shake the head of the Image whereupon a smoake and cloud of intolerable stinke was presently dispersed ouer the Polonians and they became heartlesse and vnable to fight Duke Henrie and Duke Boleslaus and Pompo with the flower of their Nobility were heere slaine and the Countrie miserably spoiled From hence they went into Morauia where they put all to fire and sword more then a moneth together and thence to Hungary to Bathy who entred Hungarie with 500000. souldiers where first ouerthrowing those forces which King Bela had sent to prohibite them passage they after chased the King himselfe with the power of his Kingdome opposing himselfe against them out of the field who fled into Austria and after into Sclauonia leauing his Countrey a prey to the Tartars who making spoile on that side of Danubius the next Winter passed ouer the Riuer then frozen and filled all with bloud and slaughter Bathy sent Cadan to pursue the King into Sclauonia still fleeing before him who wasted Bosna Seruia and Bulgaria And after two yeeres sackage in Hungarie they passed by the fennes of Maeotis into Tartaria and haply had returned to make fresh spoiles in Europe if the Embassage of Pope Innocent had not diuerted their purpose or rather that Occaday their great Chan being about that time poisoned they were to expect a new Commission from his successour which was Cuine who when he was installed euen in the presence of Fryer Iohn the Popes Legat erected a Banner against all Kingdomes of the Christians except they would bee subiect to him for their intent was to subdue all the world as Cyngis Cham had ordained and the superscription of his Seale was God in Heauen and Cuine Chan vpon Earth the strength of God the Seale of the Emperour of all men Hee kept his Court vsually in the land of Naymans the plaines whereof were extended like to the Sea without the rising of any hill The cold most eager and sharpe till March little winde nor snow except in the end of Aprill At Caracarum Rubruquis met with an English man borne in Hungaria which was expert in many languages his name was Basilius Heere hee found two Mosches and one Church §. III. Of MANGV CAN and his successor CVELAI BVt Cuine in short time after died and left the Empire to Mangu Can to whom Aytonus the Armenian King went voluntarily in person about the yeere 1257. and receiuing gracious entertainement made vnto him seuen petitions first That he and his people should become Christians secondly That there should be perpetuall peace betweene the Tartars and Christians thirdly That in all Countries conquered by the Tartars the Churches and Clergie-men of the Christians should bee free from seruitude and tribute fourthly That hee would redeeme the Holy Sepulchre and the Holy Land from the Saracens fifthly That hee would destroy the Caliph of Baldack sixthly That himselfe might haue aid as neede should require in his defence of such Tartars as were neere vnto Armenia seuenthly
promise with the Hollanders when they obiected it My tongue he answered is not of Bone When they are sicke they vow vnto God vpon their recouerie a more honourable death which they performe after their recouerie by the murtherous hand of some other vpon them They are great Inchanters and obserue houres and fitting minutes and moments of time for composing their Blades and Armour of which they are conceited that being tempered with their charmes and superstitions with the least drawing bloud of another they will kill him themselues in their inchaunted Armour safe from others blowes They abide in expectation of these martiall minutes for their coniured Armours sometimes eight or ten yeeres before they can finish them The Iauans say That their Ancestors came from China which Countrey they forsooke because of the tyrannie wherewith they were oppressed and in great multitudes peopled this Iland They weare their haire and their nailes long They are dutifull to their superiors The great men stirre not forth without a great troupe of followers They are seldome idle much busied about their scabberds and weapons which they vse to poyson They are not without their weapons night or day which they will not suffer another man to touch They are so eager of reuenge that they will presse on their aduersaries weapon drawing it thorow their owne body to kill him that hath wounded them They haue Mahumetane Temples where they doe their deuotions with great silence They acknowledge IESVS Mahomet Dauid and Moses foure Prophets They obserue their houres and two Fasts or Lents The great mens wiues neuer goe out of the doores to be seene Their Cities are Ballambua and Panarucan a litle from whence is a burning Hill which first brake forth 1586. and oppressed infinite numbers of men and cast great stones into the citie for three dayes space making one continued night of darknesse Passarua the King whereof married the King of Ballambuas daughter and the second night after hee had lyen with her slue her and her attendants because hee would not turne Mahumetane Ioartam Surrabaia Tuban Matara are also royall Cities as are Daunia Taggal Charabaon and many others But bantam is of most traffick frequenced by Portugals Dutch and English in which euery day are three seuerall markets Here Merchants when they come may buy a woman for their fleshly and worldly businesse you may adde the Deuill too to make vp the number which at their departure they sell againe Publike affaires are treated handled by night at which time the Counsellors of State meet and ascend some tree or the roose of the house viewing the Heauens till the Moone arise and then goe into the Senate-house The women in Iaua act Comedies They punish Adulterie with death the woman chusing her neerest friend or allie to stabbe her The Southerne parts of Iaua are little knowne being full of Lions and wilde Beasts It hath been fatall to many English but much through their owne distemper with Racke a wine made or Rice and their contagious women Iohn Milwards iournall relateth of their voyage against their wills by the South of Iaua and of some Ilands Bayes and other obseruations in those parts Not farre from Bantam liue certaine of the Passarrans which being there oppressed by their King came hither and heere obtayned a piece of ground to build them a Citie which is called Sura They haue a King or Gouernour and liue quietly following Husbandrie they eate nothing that hath life a common Superstition of the Indians weare white Clothes of Paper made of the leaues of Trees and neuer marrie herein resembling the Iewish Essees yet neuer want succeeding generation Many of the Iauans daily consecrating themselues vnto their Societie The Chinois in Iaua doe sometimes bring vp Crocodiles and eate them Bantam is the chiefe Factorie of the English although they haue others The King of Bantam hath the Title but the Pangram exerciseth the Power and hath shut vp the King where none but at his pleasure may come at him The situation of this Citie is low and vnwholsome it is often subiect to fire in diuers of which fires our English haue by Gods blessing well escaped Not farre from hence at the I le Pulo Penione the Trades Increase perished in the Careening most of the Company both of English and others which wrought on Her dying of an infectious sicknesse which a Chinoise offered by sacrifice to the Diuell to cleere Sir Henry Middleton heere dyed of this sicknesse and the Ship too wanting that Head and necessarie Hands to sustaine her bequeathing that goodly Fabricke to the two Elements Fire and Water which not agreeing in the Diuiding whiles each laboured to haue all the Ship was lost in the quarrell A great losse of our greatest Merchants-ship that England euer had but not till after great exploits and not comparable to diuers losses of the Portugals or Hollanders at the Iland Mauricius and other places both there and at their owne doores The King of Tuban is the richest King and mightiest in all Iaua They haue many Horses and make great account of them decking them with gallant furniture of gold siluer and the counterfeits of Dragons and Diuels on their Saddles they ride and manage their Horses with great skill Iambee is another Passaman for vnwholsomnesse Madura is North from Iaua a fertile Iland of Rice the soyle whereof is so moyst and waterish that their Buffals and men goe almost knee-deepe when they sow it Arosbay is the chiefe Citie They are theeuish and giuen to spoyle and captiued many of the Hollanders which went thither on shoare to buy commodities which they were forced to redeeme at a deare rate In these parts are Battes as bigge as Hennes which the people rost and eate The Iland Baly is East from Iaua very populous contayning as is thought sixe hundred thousand Inhabitants they are Ethnikes and worship that which they first meet in the morning Heere and in Pulo Rossa the Women are burned with their dead Husbands one man is said to haue had fiftie of his Wiues for they marrie as many as they please burned with him whiles the Hollanders were there The Iland hath many Bulls Buffals Goates Swine Horse with many kindes of Fowles Fruits and Metals The chiefe men are carried by slaues on Seats borne on their shoulders or else in Chariots drawne with Buffals In the Voyage of Master Thomas Candish is mention made of a Iauan King called Raia Ballomboam very aged which had a hundred Wiues and his Sonne had fiftie Their custome is that when the King dyeth they burne the body and preserue the ashes Fiue dayes after the wiues of the dead King goe to a place appointed and there shee which was deerest in his fauour throweth a ball from her and where that ball resteth thither they goe all and turning their faces Eastward stabbe themselues with a Crise or Dagger to the heart
a Cap of the same the haire inwards a Rats skin about their priuities some of them haue soles tyed about their feet their neckes adorned with Chaines of greasie Trypes or guts also in many doubles which they would sometimes pull off and eate stinking and raw they did also eate the entrayles by vs throwne away halfe raw and would scramble for it like hungry Dogges lothsomely besmeared with the bloud they weare Bracelets of Copper or Iuory about their armes with Ostrich feathers and shels The habit of women is like the former which at our first comming seemed shamefast but at our returne would impudently vncouer that which here must bee couered with silence their brests hang downe to their middles Their haire is curled Copper with them is Gold and Iron Siluer their Houses little Tents in the Fields made of skins at their pleasure remoued On the high Hill called the Table may be seene an hundred miles about some ascended and thence tooke obseruation of many Bayes and Riuers Hee thinkes these parts might be profitably planted with an English Colony One sayth of this people that they are idle not so much as hauing a Canow nor knowing to take eyther fowle or fish whereof they haue store theeuish and swiftly running away with that which they haue stolne By trading with the Dutch and English their prices of things are raysed as you here see to some more Copper or Iron then at the first Discoueries Their Beasts are large their Sheepe smooth and short haired not woolly like a young Calfe with long and broad eares hanged like Hounds their hornes short and tender easily broken their tayles greater then any part of a mans legge some weighing 40. pounds Their Beeues are large and most of them leane The men haue but one stone the other being cut away when they are young the reason seemes to bee some reasonlesse Superstition towards the Sunne which they point vnto being demanded thereof The Hector brought thence one of these Saluages called Cory which was carryed againe and there landed by the Newyeeres gift Iune 21. 1614. in his Copper Armour but returned not to them whiles the Ships continued in the Road but at their returnes in March was twelue-moneth after he came and was ready to any seruice in helping them with Beeues and Sheepe The wilde beasts are dangerous in the night as Lions Antilopes and others some of which in one night carried away twelue pieces of meate laid in the Riuer to water couered with a stone of two hundred weight which was remooued also a very great distance The Pengwins in the Iland neere to Soldania haue stumps in stead of wings and with their feet swimme fast There are Seales a thousand sleeping in an Heard on the Rockes Myce and Rats and Snakes innumerable The weather in the midst of Winter is there temperate Penguin Iland is North Northwest and an halfe West three leagues from Soldania and this fourteene leagues North Northeast from Cape Bona Speranza and ten leagues North by West from Cape Falso which is Eastwards from the former The habitation of the Soldanians seemes moueable and following the best pastures There are fallow Deere Porcupines Land Tortoyses Snakes Adders wild Geese Duckes Pellicans Crowes with a white band about their necks Pengwins Guls Pintados Alcatrasses Cormorants Whales Seales c. HONDIVS his Map of Congo CONGI REGNŪ CHAP. IX Of the Kingdome of Congo and the other Kingdomes and Nations adioyning §. I. Of Angola THe Kingdome of Congo vnderstanding so much by the name as in times past hath beene subiect thereto hath on the West the Ocean on the South the Caphars and mountaynes of the Moone on the East those Hills from which the Riuers issue and runne into the Fountaynes of Nilus and on the North the Kingdome of Benin Of these Countries Pigafetta from the Relation of Odoardo Lopez a Portugall hath written two bookes out of whom P. du Iarric Botero and others haue taken most of their reports And in this we will begin with the most Southerly parts in which wee first come into the Kingdome of Matama this is the Kings proper name who being a Gentile ruleth ouer diuers Prouinces named Quimbebe This is a Kingdome great and mightie extending from Brauagal to Bagamidri the ayre thereof is wholsome the earth outwardly furnished with store of fruits inwardly with mines of Crystall and other metalls The Signiories toward the Sea-coast are very meane and want Hauens Angola sometime a Prouince of the Kingdome of Congo is now a great Kingdome it selfe and very populous They speake the same language with small difference of dialect that is vsed in Congo whose yoake they cast off since the Congois became Christians Diego Can first discouered these parts for the Portugals An. 1486. And the Portugals vsed to trade quietly with the Angolans but some of them trading as high into the Countrey as Cabazza the Royall Citie which is an hundred and fiftie miles from the Ocean were there by order from the King put to the sword vnder pretence of intended treason This was done 1578. Paulo Dias to whom the King Sebastian had giuen the gouernment of these parts with licence to conquer three and thirtie leagues alongst the Coast to him and his heires to reuenge himselfe for this despight done to his people armed such Portugals as hee had and with two Gallies and other Vessels which he kept in the Riuer Coanza hee went on both sides the Riuer conquering and subduing many Lords vnto him The King of Angola raysed a mightie Armie of a million of men as is supposed For they vse to leaue none at home that is fit to carrie a weapon and make no preparation for victuall but such as haue any carrie it vpon the shoulders of their seruants and therefore no maruell if their foode being soone consumed their camps be soone dissolued Small likewise is their prouision of armour for offence and for defence much lesse Diaz sent to the King of Congo for aide who sent him sixtie thousand men with which and his owne Nation he made his partie good against the confused rabbles of the Angolans The trade of Angola is yet continued and from thence the Portugals buy and carry to Brasil and other parts yeerly a world of slaues which are bought within the Land and are captiues taken in their warres Paulo Diaz at his death bequeathed to the Iesuites as much as might maintayne fiue hundred of that Societie in these parts Master Thomas Turuer one that had liued a long time in Brasil and had also beene at Angola reported to me that it was supposed eight and twentie thousand slaues a number almost incredible yet such as the Portugals told him were yeerly shipped from Angola and Congo at the Hauen of Loanda He named to me a rich Portugall in Brasil which had ten thousand of his owne working in his Ingenios of which he had eighteene
it halfe eaten and then foure of them could scarcely carry the other halfe when as the whole body had been very lightly carried in his fellowes mouth As for the thin Diet which these Hollanders endured and other discommodities together with their returne in two open Scutes wherein they sailed aboue a thousand miles after ten moneths continuance in this desolate habitation their dangers in the Ice which somewhat besieged them like whole Tents Townes and Fortifications and other the particulars of this Voyage I referre to the Author himselfe Here I remember thus much for Greene-lands sake on which in this Nauigation they are said to haue touched How euer that be they continued no trade nor Discouerie thither till the English diuers yeeres after had made a new Discouerie and found there a profitable Whale-fishing In the yeere 1607. Hen. Hudson discouered these parts to the Latitude of fourescore there naming a point of Land Hackluyts Head-land which name is still beareth And Ionas Poole in the yeere 1610. was set forth by the Muscouy Company in the Amitie and discouered diuers Sounds and Harbours here with the Sea-Horses he killed and other things found on shore giuing such good Content to the Aduenturers that He was by them employed the next yeere in the Elizabeth with Master Steuen Bennet in the Mary Margaret both which Ships were vnfortunately cast away the Men and part of the goods were brought home by Master Marmaduke then there in a Ship of Hull In the yeere 1612. were set forth three Ships from Holland and one from Biscay all hauing English Pilots besides two sent thither by the Company called the Sea-Horse and the Whole vnder the Masters before mentioned In the yeere 1613 many Ships were thither sent from France Biskay Holland so that the Company addressed thither seuen warlike ships vnder the Command of Master Beniamin Ioseph who without bloudshed disappointed those Strangers ready to reape that which others had sowne and either had not at all discouered or wholly giuen ouer the businesse The next yeere 1614. eleuen good Ships and two Pinasses were employed to Greeneland and three more not then ready appointed to follow vnder the same Generall which Voyage is in my hands communicated to mee by my industrious Friend a skilfull Mariner and Discouerer both in these and other parts William Baffin entertained in this Fleet. But the particulars would be howsoeuer profitable to our Mariner tedious to our ordinarie Reader They then discouered wel-neere to 81. For beyond that degree our Author beleeues not that any hath beene The names of diuers places as Saddle Iland Barren Iland Beare Iland Red Goose Iland all betwixt 80. and 81. and Sir Tho Smiths Inlet Maudlin Sound Faire Hauen Sir Thomas Smiths Bay Ice Sound Bell Sound with other places on or neere the Greater Ile or supposed Continent I forbeare to recite as not intending to instruct the Mariner so much as the Scholler This yeere 1616. were sent thither ten ships which killed aboue a hundred Whales as Master Thomas Sherwin imployed therein related to me Greeneland is now almost altogether discouered to bee an Iland or rather many Ilands and broken grounds In the Greeneland voyage 1611. from Cherry Iland toward Greeneland they met with a banke of Ice fortie leagues long and ranne almost alongst another a hundred and twenty Leagues At their first comming all was couered with Snow at their departure the tops of the Hils and Plaines had receiued a new liuerie of greene Mosse and a little grasse The Aire was mistie like night They found many fat Deere many white Beares with white gray and dunne Foxes There was a bird called an Allen which beats the other birds till they vomit their prey for him to deuoure and then dismisseth them with little meat in their bellies or feathers on their backs They finde Morses Sea-Vnicornes hornes white Partriches Wilde-geese but not a bush or tree I might heere adde diuers Voyages to Cherry Iland where they haue thousands of Morses the Teeth and Oyle whereof yeeld them no small commoditie There also are many Beares I might here recreate your wearied eyes with a hunting spectacle of the greatest chase which Nature yeeldeth I meane the killing of the Whale When they espy him on the top of the water which he is forced to for to take breath they row toward him in a Shallop in which the Harponier stands ready with both his hands to dart his Harping-iron to which is fastened a line of such length that the Whale which suddenly feeling himselfe hurt sinketh to the bottome may carry it down with him being before fitted that the Shallop be not therewith indangered comming vp againe they againe strike him with Launces made for that purpose about twelue foot long the iron eight therof and the blade eighteene inches the Harping-iron principally seruing to fasten him to the Shallop and thus they hold him in such pursuit till after streames of water and next that of blood cast vp into the Aire and Water as angry with both Elements which haue brought thither such weak hands to his destruction he at last yeeldeth his slaine carkasse as meed to the conquerors They tow him to the Ship with two or three Shallops made fast to one another and then floating at the sterne of the Ship they cut the blubber or fat from the flesh in pieces three or foure foot long which after at shore are cut smaller and boiled in coppers which done they take them out put them into wicker baskets which are set in Shallops halfe ful of water into which the Oyle runneth and is thence put into buts This Whale-fishing is yeerely now vsed by our men in Greeneland with great profit The ordinarie length of a Whale is sixty foot and not so huge as Olaus hath written who maketh the Mors also as bigge as an Elephant The proportion of this huge Leuiathan deserues description as one of the greatest Wonders of the Lord in the deepe whereon Himselfe so much insisteth Iob 41.12 that he will not conceale his parts nor his power nor his comely proportion The Whale that here we speake of is the Great Bay-Whale for there are many other kinds the Trompe which hath two Trunkes or breathing holes on his head whereas the Bay-Whale hath but one whose braines are said to be the Sperma Cete the Inbarte which hath a Fin on his backe dangerous to boats exceeding swift and little profitable besides other kinds This is the most simple and vsefull the greater and fatter the more easily taken His head is the third part of him his mouth O hellish wide sixteene foot in the opening and yet out of that belly of Hell yeelding much to the ornaments of our womens backs the Whale-bones or Finnes being no other then the rough and inner part of the mouth closing in the shutting thereof as the fingers of both hands within each other Of these Finnes are fiue hundred from the length
together may no way compare with this Countrey either for commodities or goodnesses of soyle This sparke kindled in their hearts such constancie of zeale and forwardnesse that they furnished out Sir Thomas Gates who had happily returned with the rest from Bermudas with six ships 300. men and a hundred Kine with other Cattle Munition and prouision of all sorts Sir Thomas Dale hauing newes that it was a Fleet of enemies prepared himselfe and the rest to an encounter but it ended with a common ioy in the shaking of hands and not of Pikes Lawes are now made for lawlesnesse had marred so much before for the honour of God frequenting the Church obseruation of the Sabbath reuerence to Ministers obedience to superiours mutuall loue honest labours and against Adultery Sacriledge wrong and other vices Harbengers of Gods wrath and mans destruction The Colony consisted of seuen hundred men of sundry Arts and Professions few of them sicke which hauing left the Fort at Cape Henry fortified and kept by Captaine Dauies and the keeping of Iames Towne to that Noble and wel-deseruing Gentleman Master George Perole is remoued vp the Riuer fourescore miles further beyond Iames Towne to a place of higher ground strong and defencible by nature with good Ayre plenty of Springs much faire and open grounds freed from Woods and wood enough at hand Here they burnt brickes cut downe wood and euery man fals to somewhat they haue built they say competent houses the first story all of bricke that euery man may haue his lodging and dwelling by himselfe with a sufficient quantity of ground allotted thereto Here also they were building an Hospitall with fourescore lodgings and beds already sent for the sicke and lame as the Booke called the New life of Virginia relateth Master Whitaker in his Letter and Booke from Henrico 1612. testifieth the health and welfare of the Colonie Samuel Argal in the yeere 1613. affirmed likewise that hee found the state of Virginia farre better then was reported In one Voyage they had gotten 1100. bushels of Corne they found a slow kind of Cattle as bigge as Kine which were good meate and a medicinable sort of earth They tooke Pokohuntis Powhatans dearest daughter prisoner a matter of good consequence to them of best to her by this meanes being become a Christian and married to Master Rolph an English Gentleman Thus I haue beene bold somewhat largely to relate the proceedings of this Plantation to supplant such slanders and imputations as some haue conceiued or receiued against it and to excite the diligence and industry of all men of ability to put to their helping hand in this Action so Honourable in it selfe Glorious to God in the furtherance of his Truth and beneficiall to the Common-wealth and to the priuate purses of the Aduenturers if the blooming of our hopes be not blasted with our negligence As for the want of successe hitherto Careat successibus opto Quisquis ab euentu facta notanda putet Reason should preuaile with Men leaue sense and euent of things as an argument for Beasts That reason which sheweth Virginia's more then possibilities probabilities doth also point out the causes of those ill Successes Discontents at Sea Ignorance of the Country and of their Language Diuision in the Councell Commanders some of them not skilfull Souldiers nor forward Aduenturers Care to relade the Ships before they could prouide Houses of Victuals Ambition Cruelty Neglect of the Seasons for Fish and Land-commodities Brackish slimy Water at Iames Fort Riot Sloth False information in England Sending ill People that consumed the rest with idlenesse Want of Authority to punish them That kind of Aristocraticall Authority first established occasion of their Quarrels Iniuries to and from the Saluages and yet a necessity of their vse and helpe Sicknesse caused by the grosse and vaporous Aire and soyle about Iames Towne and drinking water The theeuish trucke and exchange which some secretly held with them The treachery of Fugitiues Falshood of the Sauages and the Many many faults as they report of Mariners in priuate truckings and night marts both with our Men and Sauages Their long stay and spending the Colonies reliefe besides Extraordinary casualties of fire cold shipwracke and if wee beleeue Ouiedo and obserue the like amongst the Spaniards the very Aire of the Indies seemes to be of inclination and disposition to contentions which easily ruine and dissolue the greatest and best enterprises that I speake not of the Deuils malice to Christian hopes Experience hath now made men wiser both to preuent and remedie these euils and to order their proceedings accordingly And although Fame fils not our eares with so often and many Virginian rumors as aforetimes yet we know that still waters are deepest and wee cannot but hope that those worthy Virginian-Consuls cunctando restituunt rem rather with carefull prouidence and watchfull diligence working sure then with humerous hastinesse laying foundations to a leisurely repentance seeking more the common good there then to be the common talke heere Once they there maintayne themselues now a long time without the wonted charge to the Company and diuers of our Nobility and Gentry doe now as after a long slumber while we are writing these things againe bethinke them of this Virginian Plantation whereunto the profitable Neighbour-hood of the Summer Iles or Bermudas may be good furtherance God Almighty prosper both that the Word may goe out of Bermuda and the Law of the Lord from Virginia to a truer conuersion of the American World then hitherto Our Humorists or Spanish insolencies haue intended §. III. Of the Soyle People Beasts Commodities and other Obseruations of Virginia FOr the description of the Countrey Master Hakluyt from Others Relations in his third Volume of Voyages hath written largely of those parts discouered for Sir Walter Raleigh Concerning the later Captaine Iohn Smith partly by word of mouth partly by his Map thereof in print and more fully by a Manuscript which hee courteously communicated to mee hath acquainted mee with that whereof himselfe with great perill and paine had beene the Discouerer being in his discoueries taken Prisoner as is before said and escaping their fury yea receiuing much honour and admiration amongst them by reason of his Discourses to them of the motion of the Sunne of the parts of the World of the Sea c. which was occasioned by a Diall then found about him They carried him Prisoner to Powhatan and there beganne the English acquaintance with that sauage Emperour The summe of his obseruation in that and other Discoueries since concerning the Countrey is this Virginia is situate betweene 34. and 44. degrees of Northerly latitude the bounds whereof on the East side are the great Ocean Florida on the South on the North Noua Francia the Westerne limits are vnknowne But that part which began to bee planted by the English Southerne Colony in the yeere 1606. is vnder the degrees 37.
38. and 39. The temperature agreeth with English bodies not by other meanes distempered The Summer is hot as in Spaine the Winter cold as in France and England certaine coole Brizes doe asswage the vehemency of the heate The great Frost in the yeere 1607. reached to Virginia but was recompenced with as milde a Winter with them the next yeere And the Winter Anno 1615. was as cold and frosty one fortnight as that There is but one entrance by Sea into this Country and that at the mouth of a very goodly Bay The Capes on both sides were honoured with the names of our Britanian hopes Prince Henry and Duke Charles The water floweth in this Bay neere two hundred miles and hath a channell for a hundred and forty miles of depth betwixt seuen and fifteene fathome of breadth ten or fourteene miles At the head of the Bay the Land is Mountaynous and so runneth by a Southwest Line from which Mountaynes proceed certaine Brooks which after come to fiue principall Nauigable Riuers The Mountaynes are of diuers composition some like Mil-stones some of Marble many pieces of Chrystall they found throwne downe by the waters which also wash from the Rockes such glistering Tinctures that the ground in some places seemeth gilded The colour of the earth in diuers places resembleth Bole-Armoniac terra sigillata and other such apparances but generally is a blacke sandy molde The Riuer next to the mouth of the Bay is Powhatan the mouth whereof is neere three miles broad it is Nauigable an hundred miles falls rocks shoalds prohibite further Nauigation hence Powhatan their greatest King hath his Title In a Peninsula on the Northside thereof is situate Iames Towne The people inhabiting which haue their Weroances are the Kecoughtans which haue not past twenty fighting men The Paspaheghes haue forty Chichahamania two hundred The Weanocks an hundred The Arrowhatocks thirty The Place called Powhatan forty The Appamatusks threescore The Quiyonghcohanocks fiue and twenty The Warraikoyacks forty The Naudsamunds two hundred The Chesapeacks an hundred The Chickahamanians are not gouerned by a Weroance but by the Priests No place affordeth more Sturgeon in Summer of which at one draught haue beene taken threescore and eight nor in Winter more Fowle Fourteene miles from Powhatan is the Riuer Pamaunke nauigable with greater Vessels not aboue threescore and ten miles Toppahanok is nauigable an hundred and thirty miles Patawomeke an hundred and twenty To speake of Powtuxunt Bolus and other Riuers on the East side of the Bay likewise of diuers places which receiued name by some accident as Fetherstones Bay so called of the death of one of ours there happening and the like or to mention the numbers which euery people can make would exceed our scope and the Readers patience Captaine Smiths Map may somewhat satisfie the desirous and his Booke now printed further This the Captaine saith that hee hath beene in many places of Asia and Europe in some of Africa and America but of all holds Virginia by the naturall endowments the fittest place for an earthly Paradise Alexander Whitaker the Preacher at Henrico writes that at the mouth of Powhatan are the Forts of Henrico and Charles two and forty miles vpward is Iames Towne and threescore and ten miles beyond that the new Towne of Henrico ten miles higher the fals where the Riuer falleth downe betweene many minerall Rockes twelue miles beyond a Chrystall Rocke wherewith the Indians head their Arrowes three dayes iourney from thence is a Rocke or Hill found couered ouer with a rich siluer Ore Our men that went to discouer those parts had but two Iron Pickaxes with them and those so ill tempered that the points turned againe at euery stroke but tryall was made of the Ore with argument of much hope Sixe dayes iourney beyond this Mine runs a ridge of Hils beyond which the Indians report is a great Sea which if it bee true is the South Sea At Henrico they are exceeding healthfull and more then in England Master Thomas Hariot hath largely described the Commodities which the Water and Earth yeeld set forth also in Latine with exquisite Pictures by Theodore de Bry besides the relations of Brereton and Rosier and others There is a Grasse which yeeldeth silke beside store of Silke-wormes Hempe and Flaxe surpassing ours in growth and goodnesse exceeded by a new found stuffe of a certaine sedge or water-flagge which groweth infinitely and with little paines of boyling yeeldeth great quantitie of sundry sorts of Skeines of good strength and length some like silke and some like Flaxe and some a courser sort as Hempe There is also a rich veine of Allum of Terra Sigillata Pitch Tarre Rozen Turpentine Sassafras Cedar Grapes Oyle Iron Copper and the hope of better Mines Pearle sweete Gummes Dyes Timber Trees of sweet wood for profit and pleasure of which kinde haue beene discouered fourteene seuerall kinds Neither is it needfull that heere I relate the Commodites of Virginia for food in Fowles Beasts Fishes Fruites Plants Hearbes Berries Graines especially their Maiz which yeeldeth incredible recompence for a little labour One Acre of ground will yeeld with good husbandry two hundred Bushels of Corne They haue two Roots the one for Medicinall vse to cure their hurts called Weighsacan the other called Tockahough growing like a flagge of the greatnesse and taste of a Potato which passeth a fiery purgation before they may eate it being poyson whiles it is raw Yet in all this abundance our men haue had small store but of want and no fire nor water could purge that poyson which was rooted in Some to the hinderance of the Plantation The chiefe Beasts of Virginia are Beares lesse then those in other places Deere like ours Aronghcun much like a Badger but liuing on trees like a Squirrell Squirrels as big as Rabbets and other flying Squirrels called Assepanicke which spreading out their legs and skins seeme to flye thirty or forty yards at a time The Opassom hath a head like a Swine a tayle like a Rat as bigge as a Cat and hath vnder her belly a bagge wherein she carrieth her yong Their Dogges barke not Their Wolues are not much bigger then our Foxes Their Foxes are like our siluer-haired Conies and smell not like ours Mussascus is otherwise as our Water-Rat but smelleth strongly of Muske Master Whitaker saith they yeeld Muske as the Musk-Cats doe Their Vetchunquoys are wild Cats Their vermine destroyed not our Egges and Pullen nor were their Serpents or Flyes any way pernicious They haue Eagles Hawkes wild Turkeyes and other Fowle and Fish which here to repeate would to some nice fastidious stomacks breed a fulnesse though with some of their Countrimen in Virginia they would haue beene sauoury sometimes and dainty They are a people clothed with loose Mantles made of Deeres skins and aprons of the same round about their middles all else naked of stature like to vs in England They
know not with what authoritie hee auerreth against the former witnesses whereas Theuet sometimes taken in lying deserueth lesse credit in the rest When there is any tempest in the water hee saith hey attribute it to the soules of their Progenitors and cast something into the water to appease it They haue a Tradition That one in habite like to the Christians had long since told their Progenitors of Diuine matters but with so little effect as he forsooke them and euer since had those bloudy Warres continued amongst them How little the Iesuites can preuayle in bringing the Brasilians to Christianitie Maffaeus hath written somewhat and Pierre du Iarric a Iesuite very largely which is not so pertinent to our present purpose Master Kniuet to whose Relations our former Chapter is so much indebted telleth of a Rocke in Brasill called Etooca with an entrance like a doore where the Indians say it is like they borrowed it of some fabulous Frier that Saint Thomas preached It is within like a great Hall hard by it is a stone as bigge as foure Canoes supported by foure stones like stickes little bigger then a mans finger The Indians say it had beene wood and by Miracle was thus altered They shew vpon great Rockes many foot-prints of one bignesse and tell that the Saint called the fishes of the Sea and they heard him preach This smels of a Franciscan Cowle The Portugall Friers Treatise mentioned in the former Chapter deliuereth many things worthy our obseruation They haue some Tradition of the floud in which they say all were drowned one only escaping on a Ianipata with a Sister of his which was with childe from whom they had their beginning They haue no knowledge of the Creator nor of paine and glory after this life and therefore vse no Ceremonies of worship Yet doe they acknowledge that they haue soules which die not but are conuerted into Deuils and goe into certaine fields where grow many Figge-trees alongst the bankes of a goodly Riuer and there dance They are greatly afraid of the Deuill whom they call Curupira Taguain Pigtanga Matichera Auchanga insomuch that often they haue dyed with the imagination of him Yet doe not they worship it nor any other creature or Idoll onely some old men say that in some wayes they haue certaine posts where they offer him some things for feare and because they would not dye Sometimes but seldome the Deuill appeares to them and some few among them are possessed There are Witches which vse Witchcrafts rather for health then deuotion Some Witches are called Carayba or holinesse but like his holinesse of Rome are of bad life these would seeme to do strange things raysing some to life which had fained themselues dead they are their Oracles for their husbandry and other affaires sometimes causing them to dye for hunger whiles they promise to make the Mattockes worke alone §. III. Of other their Rites and a new Mungrell Sect amongst them THey haue no proper name for God but say Tupan is the Thunder and Lightning which gaue them Mattockes and food Their Mariages are diuorced vpon any quarrell In times past they tell no young man married before he slue an Enemie nor the woman before she had her termes which time was therefore festiuall At Marriages also they vsed great Drinkings and the Feast ended they were laid in a cleane Net after which the Father tooke a wedge of stone and did cut vpon a stake or post which they say was to cut the tailes from the grand children who were for this cause borne without them After they were married they began to drinke for till then their Fathers brought them vp in sobrietie of dyet and modesty of speech and then with a vessell the old men gaue him the first Wine holding his head with their hands for feare of vomiting which if it happened was a signe he would not be valiant They eate at all times in the night and day and keepe no meate long being no niggards of their store this name were the greatest disgrace you could offer them and count it an honour to be liberall They are patient of hunger and thirst will eate Snakes Toads Rats and all fruits which are not poyson drinke not ordinarily whiles they eate but after meate will drinke drunke They haue some particular Festiuals in which two or three dayes together they eate not but drinke and goe about singing calling all to the like fellowship sleepe not haue their Musickes and sometimes fall to quarrels They wash not before meate they eate sitting or lying in their beds or on the ground They goe to bed betimes and rise not early In the morning one chiefe man makes an Oration to them lying in his Net which continueth the space of an houre about labouring as their forefathers did with the substance and circumstances thereof When he is vp hee continueth his preaching running through the Towne This custome they borrowed of a bird which singeth euery morning by them called the King and Lord of birds When a man speakes with a woman he turnes his backe to her They shaue their haire with a halfe Moone before which they say they learned of Saint Thomas Being angry they let their haire grow women when they mourne or when their Husbands goe a farre iourney cut their haire They go naked and when any weare apparell it is for fashion rather then honesty as on the head or no further then the nauell Some houses haue fiftie threescore or threescore and tenne Roomes and some are without partition ordinarily in one House they are of a Kindred and one is principall In Child-birth the Father or some other whom they take for their Gossip takes it vp and cuts the Nauell-string with teeth or two stones and fasts till it fals off and then makes drinkings The women presently after trauell wash themselues in their Riuers giue sucke a yeere and halfe without any other thing to eate carrying the child on her backe in a Net to the place of her labour they rocke them on the palmes of their hands They neuer strike their wines except in times of drinking and sometimes will be willing to take this opportunitie Their children play without scurrilitie or quarrels imitating the voyces of Birds and the like They will spare a Captiue that is a good Singer When one dyeth they of that Kindred cast themselues vpon him in the Net sometimes choking him before he be dead and those which cannot cast themselues on the bed fall on the ground with such knockes that it seemeth strange they dye not also for company and sometimes they proue so feeble that they dye likewise If the party dye in the Euening they weepe all night with a high voyce calling their Neighbours and Kindred to societie of their griefe If it be one of the principall all the Towne meets to mourne together and they curse with plagues those which lament not
could but touch and away we may aduenture notwithstanding the wonted danger vpon Bermuda Danger hath made it now not so dangerous nocuments haue beene documents For while some haue beene wracked there they haue made vertue of Necessitie and so well obserued the Coast that skill hath almost secured that which Nature had seemed to set there in defiance both of Habitation and Nauigation to both which it is now subiected by our Nation It was called Bermuda as Ouiedo sayth of Iobn Bermudez which first discouered it and Garza of the ships name wherein hee then sayled Ouiedo writeth that hee was iust by it and had thought to haue sent some Hogs on shore there to haue multiplyed but by force of tempest was driuen thence and others eyther of like purpose or by force of shipwracke haue since done it It is also called the Iland of Deuils which they suppose inhabit there and the Inchanted Iland but these are inchanted conceits Iob Hortop relateth That in the height of Bermuda they had sight of a Sea-monster which three times shewed himselfe from the middle vpwards in shape like a man of the complexion of a Mulato or tawny Indian But this name was giuen it not of such Monsters but of the monstrous tempests which here they haue often sustayned Sir G. Sommers hath deserued that it should beare his name by his indeuours thereabouts testified in life and death Hee with Sir Thomas Gates as before is said were wrackt on the Iland which losse turned to some gaine as if God would giue them this into the Virginia-bargaine Before Anno 1593. Henry May an Englishman in a French ship was wracked thereon and hath giuen vs some Discourse thereof more fully hath Syluester Iourdan one of that Virginian Company one of the company of those worthy Knights in a Treatise of that shipwracke and the Discouerie of Bermuda The Commodities whereof he reckoneth varietie of fishes plentie of Hogges which it seemeth haue escaped out of some wrackes diuers Fruits Mulberries Silke-wormes Palmitos Cedars Pearles Ambergrise But the most strange thing seemes the varietie of Fowle of which they tooke a thousand of one sort in two or three houres being as bigge as a Pidgeon and laying speckled Egges as bigge as Hens Egges on the sand where they come and lay them daily although men sit downe amongst them When Sir Thomas Gates his men haue taken a thousand of them Sir George Sommers men haue stayed a while by them and brought away as many more Another Fowle there is that liueth in holes like Cony-holes their Egges like in quantity and qualitie to Hen-egges Other Birds were so gentle that whistling to them they would come and gaze on you while with your sticke you might kill them Other Egges they had of Tortoyses a bushell in the belly of one very sweet they tooke forty of them in a day and one would serue fiftie men at a meale Two were there borne and other two married to make the most naturall possession thereof for our Nation which now in hope of good successe hath there planted an habitation That wracked Company built there a Ship and a Pinnasse and set saile for Virginia William Strachie in a large Discourse with his fluent and copious pen hath described that tempest which brought them to this Iland affirming that there was not an houre in foure dayes in which they freed not out of their almost captiued Ship twelue hundred Barricoes of water each contayning sixe gallons and some eight besides three Pumps continually going euery foure houres they bestowed an hundred tuns of water on the cruell Sea which seemed the more hungry after their bodies or thirstie for their bloud from Tuesday noone till Friday noone they bayled and pumped two thousand tunnes and were ten foot deepe nor could haue holden out one day longer when they first had fight of the Bermudas These he sayth are an Archipelagus of broken Ilands not fewer then fiue hundred if all may be so called which lye by themselues the greatest which lyeth like an halfe moone is in 32. degrees 20. minutes At their first landing they killed with Bats seuen hundred Fowles like to Guls at one time The Ilands seeme rent with tempests of Thunder Lightning and Raine which threaten in time to deuoure them all the stormes in the full and change keepe their vnchangeable round Winter and Summer rather thundring then blowing from euery corner sometimes 48. houres together especially when the Halo or circle about the Moone appeareth which is often and there foure times as large as with vs The North and Northwest winds cause Winter in December Ianuary and February yet not such but then young Birds to be seene Without knowledge a Boat of ten tuns cannot be brought in and yet within is safe harbour for the greatest Ships They found there for their sustenance wild Palmitos the tops of which trees rosted did eate like fried Melons sodden like Cabbages with the leaues they couered their Cabins Berries blacke and round as bigge as a Damson ripe in December and very luscious in the Winter they shed their leaues No Iland in the World had more or better Fish Of Fowles was great varietie They killed a wild Swan Some there are which breed in high Ilands in holes to secure them from the Swine They haue their seasons one kind succeeding another Besides this reliefe of Fowles they had plenty of Tortoise Egges which they lay as bigge as Goose Egges and commit to the Sun and Sands hatching nurserie They had sometimes fiue hundred in one of them Euen heere lest the Iland should lose that former name of Deuils some entred into Deuillish conspiracie three seuerall time Some were banished and after reconciled Henry Paine was shot to death Some fled to the Woods but all reduced except Christopher Carter and Robert Waters But these Ilands haue now beene possessed diuers yeeres by an English Colonie and my friend Master Barkley which hath beene there and is now onwards on a second Voyage thither seemeth rauished with the naturall endowments both for health and wealth of these Ilands which now are to be shared amongst the Aduenturers and fortified against all inuasions Nature it selfe being herein readie to further their securitie against the greatest forren force mustering winds which some say are violent further off but calmer neere the Ilands and Rockes many leagues into the Sea for their defence which now yet they are gone to strengthen both with men and munition The Colonie that is there haue not onely sent verball but reall commendations of the place as may appeare by a Treatise thereof lately set forth by one which in the Shippe called the Plough sayled thither Anno 1612. wherein is declared the Commodities there found as Mullets Breames Lobstars and Angel-fish Hog-fish Rock-fish c. as before is said The Ayre is very healthfull as their experience the best argument hath found and agreeing well
vnto his Treasury besides the resignation of many Precincts Townes Lands Villages and Royalties at lest as much more worth to dispose of though with great grudge to the discontented Nobles whose Houses were thereby made to serue his turne in all his designes Here hath hee raysed a new treasure without diminishing any part of his old being most prepared for England But neyther his Embassadour Andrew Sauen nor Master Authenie Ienkinson did so thorowly expresse his minde being darkely and cautelously made knowne to them or else Queene Elizabeth would not apprehend the message But this secrecy notwithstanding his eldest Sonne and Fauourites tooke knowledge of it which bred such iealousie in the Emperour that he was faine to dissemble his affection and couer his purpose therein with a new Marriage at home one Feodor Nagois daughter a Subiect of his owne by whom afterwards he had a third Sonne called Demetrius He spends now his time in pacifying his discontented Nobility and people kept two Armies on foot with small charge his Princes and Nobles going most on their owne charge the Gentlemen and Sinobarskeys hauing portions of Money Corne and Land certayne Reuenewes being put a part for that purpose besides Escheats Robberies and Customes payed them whether they goe to warre or no without diminution of his Crowne Reuenew or great standing Treasure The one Army consisted most of Tartars employed against the Pole and Sweden which sought to recouer Liuonia The other Army consisted commonly of 100000. Horse most his owne Subiects some few Poles Swedens Dutch and Scots employed against the Crimme which commonly doth not last aboue three moneths May Iune and Iuly euery yeere His Tartars notwithstanding King Stephins preuayling bring away many Captiues out of Liefland the fruitfullest Land in all the East flowing with Milke and Honey the fairest women and best conditioned people in the World to conuerse and commerce with but giuen much to Luxury Idlenesse and Pleasure for which sinnes they themselues say that God hath thus plagued and rooted them out and planted Strangers in their Countrey It was my fortune by speciall fauour to buy and redeeme diuers men women and children of these Captiues for small summes of money some being Merchants of good quality and got leaue to conuay some to Liefland againe some to England some to Hamborow and Lubeck Amongst them were taken some Dutch French Scots and English which had serued vnder Pontus a French Captain who were placed about the Suburbs of the Musco by my mediation had leaue to build a Church I contributed well thereto and got them a Learned Minister their Assembly were at least two thousand euery Sunday their Rites after the Lutherane fashion Of these eighty fiue were Scots Souldiers left of seuen hundred sent from Stockholme and three English in their company I got them well housed at Boluan neere the Mosco I appeased the Emperours fury against them causing to be told him the difference of these remote Aduenturers ready to serue any Christian Prince for pay and the Natiue Swedens and that they would be of good vse against the Crimme Tartar Some vse was after made of my aduice and 1200. of them did better seruice against the Tartar then 12000. Russes with their short Bowes and Arrowes The Tartars not knowing before the vse of Pistols were strucke dead off their Horses with shot they saw not and cryed away with those new Deuils that come with their thundring puffs of fire whereat the Emperor laughed and wished for more of them and they had Pensions and Lands allowed and married with the Liuonian women increased into Families I was glad hee tooke no notice of the English which might haue yeelded him an opportune quarrell to my selfe and to the Merchants goods in his Countrey worth 100000. Markes A little before hee had sold Master Thomas Glouer a chiefe Agent for the English Company a Wife borne of a Noble House in Poland Basmanaua taken Captiue with her Sister at Pollotzca for 10000. Hungarian Duckets in Gold and yet shortly after on displeasure tooke from him 16000. pounds more in Cloth Silkes and other merchandise and sent him with his Wife empty out of his Land The Emperour expecting some returne and answer of his Letters out of England the Queene addressed one Daniel Syluester there with who arriued at Saint Nicholas past vp to Colmogro and there making Clothes for his passing vp to the Emperour whiles the Taylor was putting on him his new Sute in the English house a Thunderbolt strooke him dead piercing downe his necke and coller in the inside of his new Coat not outwardly seene A flash of Lightning killed also his Boy and Dogge by him burnt his Deske Letters and the House at that instant at which newes the Emperour much perplexed said Gods will bee done But raging and in desperate case his Enemies besetting three parts of his Countrey the Pole and Sweden Eastward and Crimme Southward King Stephen threatning also shortly to visit the Mosco He made preparation but pretending that he could no way he furnished of Powder Salt-peeter Lead and Brimstone the Narue being shut but out of England hee sent for me and told me he had a message of honour weight and secresie to employ me in to the Queenes Maiesty Perceiuing that I had attayned the familiar knowledge of his Language the Polish and Dutch Tongues be questioned me of diuers things liked my answere asked if I had seene his great Vessels at Vologda I told him I had What Traytor hath shewed them you I ventured in company of thousands more I said to behold their beauty c. He said You shall see double the number ere long but much more to bee admired if you knew what inestimable treasure they are inwardly to be beautified with It is reported that your Queene my Sister hath the best Nauy of Ships in the World It is true said I and entred into a large discourse and description of them He gaue me charge to prepare my selfe and to be silent and secret and to attend euery day till he were prepared for my dispatch he commanded his Secretary to take in writing of me a description of the Queenes Nauy Royall to which I added the Picture of a Ship with all her glorious and Martiall accoultrements About this time the Emperour was much busied in searching out a Treason against him plotted by Bomelius and the Archbishop of Nouogrod with some others discouered by their Seruants on the Racke Letters sent in Cyphers three sundry wayes to Swethen and Poland The Bishop confessed all and Bomelius denyed all But being racked his backe and body cut with wyre whips he confessed more then the Examiners were willing the Emperour should know He sent word they should roast him being taken from the Pudkie and bound to a wooden Spit which being done till they thought no life left they brought him in a Sled thorow the Castle
a very great Crocodile shewing himselfe aboue water and swimming downe the streame in our way whereupon the Ferriman entring the Riuer to the calues of his logs he stands vpon one of them muttering to himselfe certaine words and withall tying knots vpon a small Coard he held in his hand to the number of seuen which Coard hee left hanging on a bush thereby and confidently pusht vs and our Horses ouer the Crocodile lying all this while still in our sight not able as he said to open his iawes so hauing ferried vs ouer he made haste to returne and vntie the Coard affirming that if the Crocodile should be starued by the power of this Charme his Charme would from thenceforth lose its power and effect Arrecan borders vpon Bengala and participates in its plenty from whence there commeth yeerely shipping to the Coast of Choromandel The King is by Religion a Gentile but such a one as holdeth all meates and drinkes indifferent he marrieth constantly his owne sister and giueth for reason the first mens practice in the infancy of the World affirming that no Religion can deny that Adams Sons married Adams daughters He is very kind to Strangers giuing good respect and entertainment to Moores Persians and Arabians which liue in his Countrey professing publikely the practice of their Mahumetan Superstition Hee hath also diuers times inuited the Dutch and English to resort vnto his Countrey but the Dutch by good experience hauing had sometimes a Factory there the English not by their example but true knowledge of the little Trade and lesse benefit auoyd his importunity yet continue good correspondence with him and his people as knowing it a plentifull Country and not inconuenient to supply themselues with many necessaries if difference with other Nations should enforce them to that extremity Betwixt this King and the Mogull there is continuall Warre both by Sea and Land defensiue on the King of Arrecans part securing his owne Countrey that bordereth vpon Bengala From thence confronting in small skirmishes the opposite party but any set or great battle I haue not heard of to haue beene fought betwixt them In which warres he giueth so good entertainment to strangers that I haue knowne diuers Hollanders that hauing expired their couenanted time of seruice with the East Indian Company and so purchased then freedome haue gone to serue this King and receiued good countenance and content in his employment of them Pegu borders vpon Arrecan and is a most plentifull and temperate Country yet hardly recouered from the desolation where with warre plague and famine had within few former yeeres infested it which is most visible in the vast Country the Cities being alwayes first and best replenished , and that all other places may the better bee so it is death to export a woman from thence and certaine profit to bring them The King is a Gentile by his Religion agreeing in all points of opinion and pactice with the Kings of Arrecan Tannassery Syam all of them in probability receiuing their Rudiments from the Chineset who without question sometimes commanded those Countries their vicinity resemblance in Phisiognomy and conformity in many customes being my best reasons to goe along with these thus farre that are of opinion the Chineses sometimes Monarchised as farre as Madagascar The King which now reigneth was Nephew to the last notwithstanding he had children which this hath supprest and hath in his time recouered from the King of Syam what hee had enforced from his Predecessor amongst others the town and Kingdom of Zangomay and therein an Englishman named Thomas Samuel who not long before had beene sent from Syam by Master Lucas Anthonison to discouer the Trade of that Country by the sale of certaine goods sent along with him to that purpose which Thomas Samuell together with all other strangers was by the King taken from Zangomay and carried to Pegu where not long after Samuel dyed the King seising vpon what he had by Inuentory with purpose as by the sequell to giue account thereof to the lawfull Proprietors The Kingdome of Pegu beginng to bee better established Merchants of diuers Nations began to repaire thither againe about their negotiations where some of Musulipatnam by conference with Moores that were Samuels associates vnderstood his death and the Kings taking his goods into his hands with the probability of recouery if sought after which they making knowne to the English at their returne to Musulipatnam it happened that Master Lucas Anthonison who imployed Samuel from Syam to Zangomay was then Agent at Musulipatnam who apprehending this encouragement consulted with his assistants and resolued to send two English with a Letter and Present to the King and some small aduenture to beare the charge of the Voyage and make tryall of the Trade which tooke place and they embarquing at Musulipatnam the tenth of September arriued at Siriam the Port of Pegu the third of October following whose entertaynment I giue you in their owne words as I finde them written in their Letters to Musulipatnam The King hearing of our comming sent foure Galliots with Presents to the Ambassador and vnto vs sending vs word that he did much reioyce at our comming into his country These Gallies hauing 50 oares of a side with eight Noblemen in them caused our Ship to come to an anchor before the town of Siriam the 7. of October the King of Pegues Brother being chiefe Gouernour sending two Noblemen abord of our Ship writing our names our age of yeeres the cause of our cōming we assuring them that we were messengers sent from Musulipatnam by our chief Captain hauing a Present a Letter vnto the King which when his Highnesse shall be pleased to receiue shall vnderstand the effect of our businesse and the cause of our comming The tenth day of October wee were sent for on shoare by the Kings Brother who sitting in a large house of Bamboson in great state bedeckt with Iewels in his eares with Gold Rings with rich stones on his fingers being a white man and of very good vnderstanding demanding of vs the question the Noblemen before did and we answering him as wee did before because that our speeches should be found alwayes as one we gaue him at that time a fine for a Present to the intent that he might speake and write to the King his Brother in our behalfe that we might haue accesse vnto the King the sooner that our businesse might haue effect The eight of Nouember the King sent for vs and the Kings Brother prouided for vs a Beate with six men to rowe and also a Nobleman with vs to Pegu to be our Guard hauing Narsarcan and Hodges Ismael with vs vnto which Nobleman we gaue a Present for in this place heere is nothing to bee done or spoken or any busines performed without Bribes Gifts or Presents Arriuing in Pegu the eleuenth of Nouember hauing our Present with vs Bany Bram
the East Ens. l. 2 He called it also Ophir thinking it to bee that whence Salomon had his Gold Mart. Dec. 3. l. 7 Dec. 7. 8. q Dec. l. 4. L. 6. C. 12. r R. Tomson ap Hak. tom 3. Å¿ Mart. dec. 7. 9. Ouied. l. 15. c. 8. Encrease of Kine Dogs Ants hurtfull Ouied. l. 5. c. 1. 1 t Mar. dec. 1. l. 9 Ouied. gen hist lib. 5. u Non solamente cosa sana ma santo ancho x Mart. ibid. y They worshipped the Sunne and prayed to it at Sun-rising a Mart. Dec. 2. lib. 6. b Dec. 7. 10. Sacrifices c Ouied. gen hist l 5. c. 3. d Ouiedo lib. 2. del Hist Ind. e Botero f Iob Hortop ap Hak. g Henry May ap Hak. tom 3. h Syl. Iourdan W. Strachie i My friend Master Barkley a Merchant reports better of the Bermudas seasonablenesse c. and the Plantation it selfe testifieth the health and wealth thereof k He continued there til the Colonie was planted l Anno 1614. m Newes from Bermudas or Sommer Ilande There is report of some English this Winter come home which came from Bermuda to Ireland in a little Boat c. which I write not for want of certaine intelligence neither for that cause of the present state of the Colonie which some say are neere 701. English c. a Alan Cop. vel potius N. Harpsfield Dialogi vt testatur Io. Hart. b Bellar. de Not. Ecclesia lib. 4. Costeri Enchirid.. Posseuin Apparat l. 16. c. 6. Hill Reason 5. Archbishop Abbot c Acosta l. 4. de procurand Ind. salute c. 3. d And. Vega de f. operibus quast 3. * Ed. Brerewood of Religion and Lang. c. 10 lit Mart. de Valentia N. di G. ap Râ—v 3. Ouied. lib. 17 c. 9 e F. Damiano Fonseca del giusto scacciamento de Moreschi da Spagna which are also expressed in the Kings Proclamation to be Heresie Apostasie Treason conspiring with the Turk c. f Bar. Cas Hispan Crudelitat g P. Mart. mentioneth this graine of Gold and likewise the Spanish cruelties though not so largely as Casas h Marke this way of conuerting Infidels i P. Mart. dec. 3 l. 2. Cortes accustomed himselfe to haue 4. Kings attend on him Dec. 8. lib. 3. He burned 60. Kings their heires looking on k Nulla fidei pietasque viris qui castra sequuntur Lucan l Acost de proc. Ind. sal l. 4. c. 4. m Io. Metall Seq praefat in Osor n Exod. 5.8.17 o Benzo l. 2. c. 16 p Viracochie q Cap. 18. r Vid. ap Hak. Å¿ 2. Cor. 10.4 t Zanch. de Op. Dei p. 1. u Ap. Ramus vol. 3. x F. Ã Vic Rel. 5 De Indis y Arnauld against the Iesuits z Miles Phil. Ioh. Hort. ap Hak. a See Gomara Apollonius Benzo c. of these ciuill warres in Peru Powder-treason The words of Moses Gen. 1. interpreted without forme and void c Nouember 5. on this day this in the first Impression came in due order without any special appointment to the Presse d Psal. 118.24 e Matth. 17.4 See my Pilgrimes Part. 3. l. 4. c. 9. See Purchas his Pilgrims Part. 3. l. 3. c. 1. Large extent of the Sclauonian tongue Russian Chronicles Vasily or Basilius great Duke of Russia His two Sons Iuan Andrew Iuan succeedeth Entituled Emperour Nastacia the Empresse made a Saint Second Wife a Tartar Narue Castle Architect blinded that hee might not doe the like to others Crueltie Ice-fortification Plesco by a Magician deliuered Nouogrod spoiled with horrible crueltie 700000. slaine Another crueltie added The Crimme inuadeth Russia Iuans third Wife 1571. * D. Fletcher expresseth this number to bee 800000. which may seeme credible not only by the multitudes of Inhabitants at that time but also the Neigbour Villages and Countries fleeing thither for refuge Musco neuer recouered that losse Simon Monasts A strange Embassador from the Crim. The Tartars haue no Cities c. Stone wall about Musco Vologda on Dwina Bomelius Rapacitie Strange policy to frustrate debts by resigning his Empire Emperours Brother made away King Magnus A Roble is about a Marke English three Dollers His fourth Wife * Necesse est multos timeat quem mu'ti timent I saw it Fish fed sat on mans flesh Abhominable execution His purposes for England New Policy * Ant. Posseuinas Execution by Beares The Frier killeth the Beare with his Spear and is killed by her Iuans fifth wife mother of Demetrius Liuonia commended English Scots Capt. Silke of Bristow M. T. Glouer father to Sir Th. Glouer the Embassadour into Turkie Daniel Syluester sent from Q. Elizabeth hee could well speake the Language His death Iuly 15. 1575. Iuans discourse with the Author Sir Ierom Horsey sent from the Emperour to Q. Elizabeth Bomelius rosted I beheld all this Theodore marrieth Irenia sister to Boris whose Storie followeth Bewitched Letters sent to the Queene inclosed in a Bottle by Sir Ieroma Horseâ— Eremiska is their name for Ierome By miles vnderstand Russian miles which are about three quarters of ours Osell an Iland in the Baltike Sea in 59. deg. Pilton Gratitude Sir Ier. Horseys returne into Russia The Emperors excesses This Mekita was Brother to Nastacia the Emperours first Wife and Grandfather to the present Emperour The Emperour striketh his Sonne some say with his staffe on his head Death and buriall of yong Iuan. So sayth the Originall Embassadour to the Queene for Lady Mary daughter to the Earle of Huntingdon Sir Ier. Bowes Embassadour into Russia You haue his Voyage c. in M. Hakluyt But England was not so happie Iuan consulteth with Witches Bodan Belscoy the Emperours Minion 1584. Vasiliwich his discourse of Gemmes An Vnicornes Horne cost 70000. Marks Iuan Vasiliwich his death * Supposed the act of Belskoy and Boris Theodore or Feodore Emperour Boris Protector The Protector and Chiefeâ— Commissioners course of gouernment Russian gouernment vnder Theodore The great treasure which Basiiwich gathered See Doctor Fletchers Tract in my Third Part l. 3. c. 1. Iuan Bas his Conquestâ— His Acts for Iustice His Acts Ecclesiasticall for Religion * Twelue thousand Robles annually 1582. His charitie 1575. His Castles Colonies His person described His buriall Sir I. Horsey sent Embassadour from the Emperour to Q. Elizabeth 1584. King Magnus his Widow seduced by Boris his policie One was committed to the Marshall the other forbidden her Maiesties presence Boris his bloudy staires to the Throne Publike audience to Sir I. Horsey Hee is now their Patriarch Sir I. Horsey is sent againe for England He is againe employed to the Kings of Denmarke and Poland and to Russia c. An. 1589. * These ships were of Lubek Danzik Stetine Meluin Quinborough loaden with munition for the Queenes enemies and therefore stayed c. * Master William Cockayne since Lord Maior of London A Popish Queene distaste Queene Elizabeth A kind of Crocodile Vilna A Protestant Prince magnifies Queene Elizabeth The