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A27210 The present state of the universe, or, An account of I. The rise, births, names, matches, children, and near allies of all the present chief princes of the world, II. Their coats of arms, motto's, devises, liveries, religions, and languages, III. The names of their chief towns, with some computation of the houses and inhabitants ... IV. Their revenues to which are added some other curious remarks, as also an account of common-wealths, relating to the foregoing heads. Beaumont, John, d. 1731. 1694 (1694) Wing B1623; ESTC R13456 71,782 106

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they assemble separately the Catholicks take for the place of their Congress Lucern and the Protestants Arau on the River Aur. All the Cantons are as many Republicks which are Govern'd by their Burgomasters or Avoiers their Government being Democratical The Cantons which have no Towns call their Magistrates Landanes instead of Burgomasters The Switzers have several Towns and States confederate with them viz. The Abbot and Town of S. Gal. Four Bishops viz. of Sion Basil Constance and Croired The Towns of Neuchatel Valengen Nuenberg Biel Geneva Mulhausen in Alsatia Rotwel in Suabia beyond the Danube They have also many Prefectures that is such little Parcels and Additaments as have accrued to their State and are subject to their Authority either by Gift Purchase or Chance of War The Principal Prefecture is the Town of Baden taking its name from the Baths there and is the place of meeting for the Councel of State of all the Confederates The Grizons also are Confederate with the Switzers and of those there are three Divisions I. The Grey League so call'd because the Inhabitants wear a Grey Scarf 2. The League of the House of God so call'd because it was the proper Patrimony of the Bishop and Church of Chur. 3. The League of the Ten Commonalties All these Confederates are able on occasion readily to set forth an Army of sixty thousand Men. The Republick of Geneva I. THIS Republick professes Calvinism An. 1679. Mass was said in the City of Geneva with leave at the House of Sieur Chauvigny the French Kings Resident there which had not been done since the year 1535. That Calvinism was there Establisht by a Decree of the Senate II. Geneva gives for Arms Party Or and Gules the fi●st has a demy Eagle display'd Sable the second a Key Argent with this devise Post Tenebras Lux. The Romanists say the words are misplac'd and that it ought to be Post Lucem tenebra III. The City of Geneva is situate on the Lake Lemanus the River Rhone passing thro the lower part of it The buildings are fair and of Freestone the Compass of the whole City being about two Miles in which there are suppos'd to be about 16 or 17000 souls Munster calls it Mirae voluptatis Urbem It s allied with the Protestant Cantons of Switzerland and in two or three hours it advertises all the Canton of Bern to come to its succour with 50 or 60000 Men who may come on the Lake a day after the Signal which consists in lighted Torches set from Tower to Tower It s Govern'd by twenty five Senators who follow the written Law Beside this Councel of twenty five they have one of sixty and another of two hundred POLAND I. POland from the year 694 that Lochus of Croatia was the first Duke has been Govern'd by Dukes Palatines Kings and Dukes again till the year 1295 that Primislaus surnam'd Posthumus Duke of Posna again assum'd the name of King which continued ever since to his Successors of the same Family till the year 1574. Henry Duke of Anjou Son to Henry the Second King of France was chosen on the death of Sigismund-Augustus who was the first Stranger to the Blood John the Third of the Illustrious Family of Sobieski is the present King of Poland c. Elected King March 20. 1674. being before Senator Grand Marshal and Generalissimo of the Armies of the Crown he made his solemn entrance at Cracow Jan. 3. 1676. and was crown'd there on the second of February following by the Bishop of that place call'd Olzaski He married before his coming to the Crown a French Lady nam'd Maria Casimire de la Grange Daughter to Henry de la Grange Knight Marquess of Arquien Lord of Beaumont Master of the Camp of a Regiment of Cavalry and Captain Colonel of the hundred Switzers of the Guard of the late Monsieur Duke of Orleans This Princess was crown'd on the same day with her Husband and has brought him many Children 1. Prince James born An. _____ and An. 1691. he married Hedewig-Elizabetha-Amalia youngest Daughter save one to Philip-William Duke of Neuburg and Elector Palatine 2. Prince Alexander born about the year 70. 3. John born An. _____ 4. Casimire born An. _____ 5. Leopold born An. _____ 6. The Princess Louise Adelaia born Oct. 3. 1677. held at the Font of Baptism by the Palatine of Russia for his late Majesty Charles the Second King of Great Britain c. This Princess was Baptised with the Water of the River Jordan whereof the King her Father just before her birth had been presented with a Pot full as also with many other rarities from Asia II. As King of Poland he bears Quarterly In the First and Fourth Gules an Eagle Argent crown'd membred and becked Or for Poland In the Second and Third Gules a Cavalier arm'd Argent holding a Sword with the Right Hand of the same and a Shied Azure in the Left charg'd with a Cross Or with double Cross-Barrs his Horse barded Azure and nail'd Or for Lithuania On the whole Azure a Buckler Or for Sobieski For a Crest a Crown rais'd with eight small Flowers and clos'd with eight Semicircles terminating in a Mond Or which is the Crest of Poland The Shield environ'd with the Orders of France The general Motto of the Kings of Poland is Habent sua sydera Reges His Livery is of a Blew Colour He professes the Roman Religion but Greeks Protestants and other Sects are there tolerated He uses the Poland Longuage wich is a Dialect of the Sclavonian III. Warsaw seated on the River Vistula is most frequented best traded and the Capital City of the Kingdom honour'd for the most part with the Kings Court the holding of all Publick business of Peace and War Cracow seated on the same River is little inferiour to the former the Buildings here being fairer than elsewhere in Poland of Freestone and four Stories high but for the most part cover'd with Shingles or Tiles of Wood. IV. The Revenues of this King are computed to be 600000 Crowns per annum drawn chiefly out of Salt-works near Cracow and from Mines of Copper Lead Tin and Silver from the fishing Trade in Prussia and the Tribute of the Jews His Daughters are provided for at the Publick Charge and for the most part the expence of his Houshold defray'd In time of War he is inabled by the Diets to lay Impositions and Taxes on the people In Poland it s an affront to call a Man Cossack as in Italy Calabrian in Germany Switzer in Spain Galician in Sueden Finlander in France Norman in England Welchman c. Russia or Moscovy I. THE first Great Duke of Moscovy who shook off the Tartarian bondage was nam'd John who Reign'd about the year 1500. Since him the Government has gone partly by Election and partly by Succession The last Elected was Michael Fredrowitz Son of Theodore the Patriarch of Mosco and Grandfather to the present Czars He was Elected An.
1680. Since the Decease of this Electress in the following year viz. 1684. Oct. 6. he married the Princess Sophia-Charlotta Daughter to Ernestus-Augustus the present Bishop of Osenburg and Duke of Brunswick and Hanover She was born Oct. 20. 1668 the Duke has had by her two Sons but only one living viz. Frederick-William born at two of the clock in the Afternoon Aug. 4. 1688. This Elector has four Brothers and two Sisters living but his Father's Issue by a second Ventre viz. 1. Philip-William born in May 1669. 2. Maria Amalia born Nov. 16. 1670 and first married ann 1687 to Charles eldest Son and Heir apparent to the present Duke of Meckleburg-Gustrow and after his Decease which happened March 15. 1688 to Maurice-William Duke of Saxony and Administrator of Naumburg June 26. 1689. 3. Albert-Frederick born Jan. 14. 1672. 4. Charles-Philip born Dec. 26. 1672. 5. Elizabeth-Sophia born March 26. 1674. 6. Charles or Christian-Lewis born at four of the clock in the Afternoon May 14. or 17. 1677. Note that there are fourteen Princes of the House of Brandenburg alive II. The Duke bears divers Quarterings containing several Alliances and Principalities over all Azure a Scepter in Pale Or which belongs to the Electorship a triple Helm and a triple Crest he has moreover in his Arms a Lion an Eagle crown'd and a Griffin the Shield is componé and contonué His Livery is of a blue Colour He professes the Protestant Religion according to the Doctrine of Calvin and uses the High Dutch Language III. Brandenburg seated on the River Havel is the Capital City of the Marquisate to which it gives the Name His Electoral Highness resides ordinarily at Berlin Spandaw Posdam Berlin is the greatest Town of the Marquisate being seated on the River Suevus it s as big as Montpellier or Beziers in France Magdeburg belonging to this Elector was formerly the Metropolitan City of Germany but scarce half built again since it was sack'd by Tilly and 36000 persons put to the Sword and destroyed IV. His ordinary and extraordinary Revenues are computed to be eleven or twelve and some say fourteen millions of Livers His Territories and Forces are the greatest in Germany next the Emperors and his Court is Royal and the second fairest This Prince may go on his own Land from the Low Countries so far as into Poland and Curland The Elector Palatine THE Palatine and Bavarian Families are known to have had one Rise viz. from Otho Earl of Wittlesbach and Schyre as it s said before in Bavaria who was created Duke of Bavaria by the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa ann 1180 and had both the Bavarias as well Upper as Lower granted him for ever His Grandson Otho the Second as 't is said before married Agnes sole Daughter and Heiress to Henry the younger Prince Palatine of the Rhine and by reason thereof obtained of the Emperor Frederick the Second the Investiture of that Palatinate together with the Electoral Dignity ann 1227. his eldest Son was Lewis the Severe born Apr. 13. 1229 who left two Sons viz. Rudolph an 1274 who succeeded his Father Lewis in the Palatinate and Electoral Dignity and was Author of the Rudolphine Line of the Palatinate Family 2. Lewis who was Author of the Bavarian Line of the said Family From the forementioned Rudolph is descended Joannes-Gulielmus-Josephus the present Elector Palatine and Duke of Newburg grand Treasurer of the Imperial House who was born at Dusseldorp Apr. 19. 1650 and married at Newstadt in Austria Octob. 25 new style 1678 the Princess Maria-Anna-Josepha Daughter to the Emperor Ferdinand the Fourth by Eleanor Gonzaga Daughter of Charles Duke of Mantua his third Wife This Electress was born ann 1658. She was brought to bed of a Son but stillborn ann 1683 and ann 1686 she miscarried a second time and continuing indisposed died three years after at Vienna viz. Apr. 7. 1689. The Elector succeeded his Father ann 1690 and his first Wife being dead he married a Daughter of Cosmo the Third great Duke of Tuscany ann 1691. This Elector has six Brothers and six Sisters living born in this order 1. Eleonora-Magdalena-Teresa Empress of Germany born Jan. 6. 1655. 2. Ludovicus-Antonius Greast Master of the Teutonick Order born at Dusseldorp July 9. 1660. 3. Carolus-Philippus born Nov. 4. 1661 and married at Berlin July 24. 168 to Louise Charlotta de Ratzeville Lewis Marquess of Brandenburg's Widow 4. Alexander-Sigismundus Dean of Ausburg and President of the Chapter of Constance born at Neuburg Apr. 16. 1663. 5. Franciscus Ludovicus born at Neuburg July 24. 1664 and elected Bishop of Breslaw Jan. 30. 1683. 6. Fredericus Gulielmus born at Dusseldorp July 20. 1665. 7 Maria-Sophia-Elizabetha born Aug. 16. 1666 and married ann 1687 to Peter King of Portugal 8 Maria-Anna born at Dusseldorp Oct. 28. 1667 and affianc'd to Charles the Second King of Spain Aug. 28. 1689 whose Queen she now is 9. Philippus Gulielmus-Augustus born Nov. 18. 1688. 10. Dorothea-Sophia born July 12. 1670. 11 Hedewig-Elizabetha Amalia born July 18. 1673. 12 Leopoldina Eleanora-Sophia born May 27. 1679. II. The Arms of Charles Count Palatine of the Rhine this Elector's Predecessor in the Electorate who deceased May 16. 1685 were Quartelry In the first and fourth Sable a Lion Or crown'd arm'd and langued Gules In the second and third Lozengys Argent and Azure of one and twenty pieces with a Mond Or which belongs to the Electorate The Elector's Livery is of a _____ Colour and he professes the Roman Religion and uses the High Dutch Language III. Heidelberg is the Capital Town of the Electorate seated on the River Neccar On the Town House is a Clock with divers motions and when the Clock strikes an old Man puts off his Hat a Cock crows and shakes his Wings Soldiers fight with each other c. In a great Building there in the Elector Palatines Palace joining to the Cellars the great Vessel holding two hundred Tuns is famous Ann. 1661 as Dr. Brown has observed in the Account of his Travels about an hundred English came up the Rhine and by the permission of the Elector settled themselves a few miles from Heidelberg living all together Men Women and Children in one House and having a Community of many things they are of a peculiar Religion calling themselves Christian-Jews and one Mr. Poole formerly living in Norwich was their Head They cut not their Beards and observe many other Ceremonies and Duties which they either think themselves obliged to by some expressions in the Old Testament or from some new Exposition of their Teachers Manheim seated on the Confluence of the Rhine and Neccar is the Defence of all the Country there is in it a very fair Palace where the Elector Charles ordinarily resided IV. The Elector Charles beside his own Estates inherited five hundred thousand Livres of yearly Rent after the Death of the Palatine of Simmeren Uncle to Charles-Lewis his Father and formerly his Tutor Philip William Father to the
them have a thousand or eight hundred Families the People being dispersed in Forests and other places where they have store of Timber to build them Houses and store of Pasturage for their Cattle which is the reason they have not so many great Towns nor so well inhabited as usual in far lesser Countries IV. The Revenues are very great they arising first from Church Lands taken to the Crown Secondly from Mines Thirdly from the Tenths of all Increase as Wheat Rye Barley Fish Oxen and the like Commodities Fourthly from Customs imposed on Merchandises paid in all Haven-Towns for all Commodities imported and exported He has also Contributions and Power of imposing Tax in time of War as occasion may require The House of Portugal I. TOward the latter end of the eleventh Century Alphonso the Sixth King of Castile had very frequent and bloody Wars with the Moors in which a certain Prince named Henry descended as some say from the House of Burgundy as others from that of Lorain was chiefly signalized for his Valour and good Services to the Crown King Alphonso in reward of this Merit gave him Portugal then lately recovered from the Moors under the Title of an Earldom together with his Daughter Teresa to Wife yet with this condition that he should continue a Vassal to Castile This Prince's Son was Alphonso the First who throwing off the Spanish Yoke and having subdued several petty Kings of the Moors caused himself to be proclaimed King of Portugal in the year 1139. His great Grandson Alphonso the Third King of Portugal had Algarve given him in Dowry with his Queen the Princess Beatrix Daughter of Alphonso the Tenth King of Castile whence the eldest Son of Portugal is always called Prince of Algarve Of this Family the present King of Portugal is descended Indeed Philip the Second King of Spain on some pretences made himself Master of the Kingdom of Portugal by Force of Arms ann 1580 but 't was again lost by his Grandson ann 1640 for the Portuguese actually rejecting the Spanish Yoke elected John Duke of Braganza descended as above to be their King in whose Line the Kingdom continues What particularly contributed to the Renunciation the Portuguese made to the King of Spain ann 1640 was the permission that King gave to others beside themselves to trade to the East Indies and the Tax he imposed of the fifth peny on all their Merchandizes and other Revenues It s remarkable that the Deliberation of shaking off the Spanish Yoak was kept private above a year betwixt two hundred persons Don Pedro of the House of Braganza King of Portugal and Algarve was born 1648. His elder Brother Don Alphonso the Sixth King of Portugal c. ann 1667 married the Lady Mary-Frances Elizabeth or Isabella Daughter to Charles Amadeus of Savoy Duke of Nemours She was born June the Twenty first 1648. and after sixteen months living with Don Alphonso she obtained a Declaration of Nullity of her Marriage with him retired to a Cloister And ann 1669 Don Alphonso was deposed as judged incapable either of a second Marriage or of the Government and sent the year following to the Tercera Island where he died in the year 1683. Now the present King upon his Brother Alphonso's being deposed was presently declared Prince Regent and after his death King of Portugal and by a Dipensation from the Pope married his Sister-in-Law abovementioned The Cardinal Deacon Louis de Vendôme in quality of universal Legat à Latere gave them the Dispensation under Pope Clement the Ninth Abbot Bon-Filz the Secretary to the Legation has set forth the particulars and the Conferences he had with his Holiness at the end of the Transaction The King had by this Queen a Daughter named Mary Elizabeth who was born ann 1669 and died ann 1690. And the Queen her self dying Dec. 27. 1683. the King ann 1687 took to Wife the Lady Mary-Sophia-Elizabeth Daughter of Philip-William Elector Palatine who was born Aug. 6. 1666 and Aug. 30. 1688 was brought to Bed of a young Prince who died Sept. 3. in the same year And in Octob. 1689 she was brought to Bed of another Prince named John Prince of Bresil The King of Portugal has but one Sister living viz. Donna-Catharina the Queen Dowager of England concerning whom see in the Head of England II. He bears Argent five Escutcheons Azure placed Cross-wise each charged with as many Besants of the first placed in Saltier and pointed Sable for Portugal The Shield bordered Gules charged with seven Towers Or three in Chief and two in each Flanch The Crest is a Crown Or which is the Crest of Portugal Under the two Flanches and the Base of the Shield appear the Ends of two Crosses the first Flower de luc'd Verte which is for the Order of Avis The second Pattee Gules which is for the Order of Christ The five Escutcheons were born in memory of five Kings whom Alphonso the first King slew at the Battel of Obrique ann 1139. The Border with the Towers or Castles were added by Alphonso the Third on his Investiture into the Kingdom of Algarve by Alphonso the Tenth of Castile ann 1257 whose Daughter Beatrix he then married and so conceived himself to have some Relation to the Arms of that Kingdom This King's Livery is of a Green Colour He professes the Roman Religion and uses the Portuguese Language which is a Dialect of the Spanish III. Lisbon seated on the River Tagus is the Capital City of the Kingdom and the place where his Majesty keeps his Court. It s seven miles in compass and contains above thirty Parishes and above thirty thousand Houses The Portuguese have this Proverb He that has not seen Lisbon has not seen a fine thing The Buildings are neat and elegant and there are seventy six Turrets or Towers on the City Wall and twenty two Gates towards the Sea shore c. It s the Staple for the Commodities for all the Kingdom and thought to be worth more than the whole Realm besides and doubtless the Revenues which accrue to the King from hence and from his Foreign Plantations are very considerable ITALY The Papacy I. INnocent the Twelfth the present Pope was born at Naples in March ann 1615 elected Pope July 12. ann 1671 he is Son to Prince Minerbino of the Family of Pignato the chief whereof is the Duke of Terra Nova a Grandee of Spain II. Having not the particular Arms of the present Popes Family by me I can here only say that the Popes for a Crest to their Gentilitial Arms are wont to put the Arms of the Popedom which are as follow The Papal Escutcheon is Gules and consists of a long Cap or Head-piece Or surmounted with a Cross pearled and garnished with three Royal Crowns with the two Keys of S. Peter placed in Saltier Boniface the Eighth was the first that wore the Tiara with a double Crown and Urban the Fifth made it in the Form of a Cap adorned with