all_o man_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v diodorus_n siculus_n and_o dionysius_n haliearnasseus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o apostle_n great_a and_o more_o elegant_o then_o both_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o end_n of_o all_o strife_n heb._n 6._o when_o we_o arrive_v once_o at_o this_o point_n ne_fw-fr plus_fw-fr ultra_fw-la all_o humane_a dispute_n and_o contradiction_n must_v rest_v here_o not_o that_o every_o thing_n confirm_v by_o a_o oath_n be_v simple_o certain_a for_o then_o there_o will_v be_v no_o perjury_n which_o alas_o be_v too_o common_a but_o because_o in_o this_o condition_n of_o mortality_n wherein_o it_o seem_v unto_o divine_a wisdom_n profitable_a for_o mankind_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v conversant_a with_o much_o obscurity_n and_o incertainty_n of_o thing_n to_o the_o end_n that_o their_o mind_n may_v be_v raise_v unto_o the_o thing_n above_o which_o be_v more_o certain_a there_o can_v be_v no_o great_a humane_a faith_n then_o that_o which_o in_o a_o oath_n by_o the_o invocation_n of_o the_o name_n of_o god_n be_v as_o it_o be_v attest_v and_o confirm_v from_o heaven_n sect_n vii_o in_o this_o definition_n of_o a_o oath_n examine_v as_o you_o have_v hear_v be_v in_o some_o sort_n contain_v all_o the_o cause_n of_o oath_n that_o first_o member_n in_o which_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o religious_a act_n to_o wit_n of_o he_o who_o swear_v necessary_o include_v the_o will_n of_o the_o agent_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o the_o party_n swear_v see_v every_o man_n be_v a_o free_a agent_n and_o every_o humane_a act_n voluntary_a as_o the_o primary_n efficient_a cause_n the_o second_o member_n express_v the_o formal_a cause_n of_o a_o oath_n which_o be_v the_o attestation_n of_o the_o divine_a name_n or_o invocation_n of_o god_n as_o a_o witness_n the_o three_o member_n contain_v the_o other_o two_o cause_n to_o wit_n the_o material_a and_o final_a for_o the_o proper_a matter_n of_o a_o oath_n be_v the_o thing_n in_o doubt_n that_o be_v the_o truth_n whereof_o be_v not_o sufficient_o confirm_v to_o he_o before_o who_o it_o be_v plead_v by_o the_o bare_a testimony_n of_o the_o assertor_n and_o the_o proper_a final_a cause_n of_o a_o oath_n be_v that_o a_o doubtful_a matter_n may_v have_v that_o certainty_n through_o invocation_n of_o divine_a testimony_n than_o which_o no_o great_a can_v be_v have_v in_o the_o contingency_n of_o humane_a affair_n this_o which_o i_o have_v say_v auditor_n be_v to_o the_o end_n it_o may_v render_v i_o the_o more_o excusable_a unto_o you_o for_o the_o prolixity_n i_o have_v use_v in_o explain_v the_o definition_n of_o a_o oath_n because_o when_o with_o the_o help_n of_o god_n i_o come_v to_o state_n dubious_a case_n which_o i_o intend_v to_o do_v with_o respect_n unto_o the_o four_o kind_n of_o cause_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o you_o will_v then_o easy_o perceive_v how_o profitable_a it_o will_v be_v to_o the_o studious_a and_o advantageous_a unto_o my_o purpose_n to_o have_v have_v a_o foreknowledge_n of_o these_o thing_n which_o concern_v the_o nature_n of_o oath_n have_v be_v by_o i_o so_o large_o handle_v sect_n viii_o but_o thus_o much_o of_o oath_n in_o general_a what_o a_o promissory_a oath_n be_v in_o particular_a come_v in_o the_o next_o place_n but_o more_o brief_o to_o be_v explain_v sundry_a division_n and_o distinction_n of_o oath_n according_a to_o the_o diversity_n they_o respect_v be_v extant_a in_o divine_n and_o lawyer_n by_o some_o they_o be_v divide_v into_o judicial_a and_o extrajudiciall_a by_o some_o into_o public_a and_o private_a into_o simple_a and_o solemn_a into_o naked_a and_o execratory_n into_o absolute_a and_o conditional_a by_o other_o otherwise_o but_o the_o noble_a of_o all_o and_o that_o which_o as_o i_o remember_v be_v not_o by_o any_o of_o they_o who_o have_v write_v of_o oath_n omit_v be_v that_o whereby_o they_o be_v distinguish_v into_o assertory_n and_o promissory_a for_o whereas_o in_o every_o oath_n as_o have_v be_v say_v the_o name_n of_o god_n be_v take_v by_o the_o party_n swear_v by_o way_n of_o invocation_n unto_o the_o testimony_n of_o some_o doubtful_a matter_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o this_o may_v be_v do_v three_o way_n for_o a_o past_a matter_n may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o it_o be_v so_o or_o not_o so_o as_o do_v you_o see_v caius_n yesterday_o in_o the_o marketplace_n or_o no_o or_o a_o present_a one_o whether_o it_o be_v so_o or_o not_o as_o have_v you_o the_o money_n i_o leave_v in_o your_o hand_n or_o have_v you_o it_o not_o or_o a_o future_a one_o whether_o it_o will_v be_v so_o or_o not_o as_o will_v you_o lend_v i_o a_o hundred_o pound_n to_o morrow_n or_o will_v you_o not_o so_o often_o therefore_o as_o god_n by_o a_o oath_n be_v invoke_v witness_n to_o a_o thing_n past_a or_o present_a such_o a_o oath_n be_v usual_o call_v assertory_n because_o the_o party_n swear_v without_o any_o promise_n for_o the_o future_a only_a assert_n the_o thing_n to_o have_v be_v or_o to_o be_v as_o he_o than_o swear_v but_o if_o god_n by_o the_o interposition_n of_o a_o oath_n be_v invoke_v witness_n to_o a_o future_a thing_n that_o oath_n be_v call_v promissory_a because_o the_o party_n swear_v promise_v to_o perform_v something_o or_o not_o to_o perform_v it_o hereafter_o the_o chief_a use_n of_o the_o assertory_n be_v in_o judicature_n to_o determine_v suit_n especial_o upon_o the_o question_n of_o fact_n there_o be_v small_a use_n of_o the_o promissory_a in_o judicature_n but_o very_o much_o in_o promise_n bargain_n contract_n many_o example_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o oath_n be_v find_v in_o sacred_a story_n and_o elsewhere_o the_o servant_n of_o abraham_n devout_o swear_v faithful_o 9_o to_o observe_v his_o lord_n command_v in_o the_o choice_n of_o a_o wife_n for_o his_o master_n son_n joshua_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n swear_v but_o inconsiderate_o 15._o to_o observe_v the_o league_n with_o the_o gibeonite_n king_n herod_n swear_v but_o 7._o very_o rash_o to_o give_v unto_o the_o daughter_n of_o herodias_n whatsoever_o she_o shall_v ask_v sect_n ix_o furthermore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v advertise_v that_o under_o the_o title_n of_o a_o oath_n promissory_a be_v also_o comprehend_v the_o comminatory_n such_o as_o be_v the_o rash_a oath_n of_o david_n for_o the_o destruction_n of_o nabal_n and_o the_o impious_a one_o of_o certain_a jew_n who_o vow_v that_o they_o will_v neither_o eat_v nor_o drink_v till_o they_o have_v kill_v paul_n these_o and_o such_o like_a be_v not_o proper_o promise_v which_o word_n seem_v rather_o to_o signify_v something_o that_o may_v be_v grateful_a unto_o another_o but_o by_o a_o kind_n of_o synecdoche_n join_v with_o a_o catachresis_fw-la which_o as_o it_o be_v otherwise_o familiar_a among_o good_a author_n so_o especial_o in_o word_n which_o respect_v some_o future_a thing_n as_o sperare_fw-la for_o timere_fw-la and_o the_o like_a the_o name_n of_o promise_n may_v metaleptical_o be_v extend_v to_o commination_n so_o god_n oath_n whereby_o he_o swear_v in_o his_o wrath_n that_o the_o israelite_n who_o have_v tempt_v he_o with_o divers_a provocation_n in_o the_o wilderness_n shall_v not_o enter_v into_o his_o rest_n may_v and_o use_v no_o less_o to_o be_v call_v promissory_a though_o not_o so_o proper_o than_o the_o other_o of_o he_o whereby_o he_o swear_v unto_o their_o father_n that_o he_o will_v give_v they_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n for_o a_o heritage_n sect_n x._o neither_o be_v it_o material_a to_o the_o nature_n or_o effect_n of_o a_o promissory_a oath_n whether_o the_o oath_n be_v bare_o express_v or_o with_o a_o execration_n add_v for_o although_o there_o be_v some_o of_o the_o schoolman_n unto_o who_o that_o oath_n which_o be_v make_v by_o a_o simple_a call_n to_o witness_n seem_v to_o differ_v in_o specie_fw-la from_o that_o which_o be_v do_v with_o a_o execration_n add_v they_o be_v induce_v unto_o that_o opinion_n for_o this_o reason_n that_o god_n be_v invoke_v by_o that_o as_o a_o witness_n by_o this_o as_o a_o judge_n yet_o if_o we_o more_o attentive_o consider_v the_o matter_n we_o shall_v find_v by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v that_o they_o come_v both_o to_o onâ—_n for_o every_o oath_n in_o what_o manner_n soever_o utter_v whether_o bare_o or_o with_o execration_n either_o express_o or_o at_o the_o least_o implicit_o invoke_v god_n both_o as_o a_o witness_n and_o judge_n but_o primary_o and_o pierce_v as_o a_o witness_n secondary_o and_o consequent_o as_o a_o judge_n and_o that_o be_v the_o most_o explicate_v form_n of_o a_o oath_n whereby_o god_n be_v both_o explicit_o call_v to_o witness_v and_o whereunto_o a_o execration_n or_o imprecation_n be_v annex_v as_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v swear_v thus_o i_o call_v god_n to_o witness_v
as_o execute_v any_o office_n function_n or_o particular_a call_v as_o we_o usual_o term_v it_o though_o perhaps_o improper_o that_o state_n or_o condition_n of_o life_n wherein_o a_o man_n be_v place_v to_o do_v any_o thing_n incongruous_a with_o the_o nature_n or_o rule_n of_o that_o function_n or_o call_n for_o a_o thing_n may_v be_v lawful_a to_o a_o civil_a magistrate_n which_o be_v not_o to_o a_o minister_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o so_o on_o the_o contrary_a that_o may_v be_v lawful_a to_o the_o merchant_n which_o be_v not_o to_o the_o husbandman_n that_o to_o the_o master_n which_o be_v not_o to_o the_o servant_n that_o to_o the_o marry_a man_n which_o be_v not_o to_o the_o bachelor_n and_o the_o like_a god_n have_v general_o give_v they_o this_o law_n that_o every_o of_o they_o faithful_o perform_v the_o duty_n of_o his_o call_n and_o modest_o contain_v himself_o within_o the_o bound_n thereof_o if_o therefore_o a_o english_a merchant_n shall_v swear_v to_o send_v wool_n to_o hamburgh_n or_o any_o other_o merchandise_n prohibit_v by_o law_n to_o be_v transport_v out_o of_o this_o realm_n or_o if_o any_o magistrate_n shall_v swear_v that_o he_o will_v not_o punish_v theft_n or_o adultery_n or_o a_o bishop_n or_o presbyter_n nâ—ver_o to_o preach_v nor_o administer_v the_o sacrament_n or_o a_o hiâ—de_v not_o to_o obey_v his_o master_n command_v he_o to_o yoke_v his_o ox_n or_o reap_v his_o corn_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v repugnant_a unto_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o râ—st_n unto_o the_o condition_n of_o prope_a vocation_n all_o these_o oath_n will_v be_v of_o a_o thing_n in_o that_o degree_n whereof_o i_o have_v speak_v unlawful_a and_o the_o oath_n themselves_o for_o that_o reason_n unlawful_a and_o will_v not_o ordinary_o oblige_v i_o say_v not_o ordinary_o because_o there_o may_v perhaps_o be_v case_n in_o which_o a_o oath_n that_o seem_v repugnant_a unto_o some_o law_n of_o community_n or_o vocation_n though_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v take_v may_v nevertheless_o be_v once_o take_v become_v obligatory_a for_o example_n in_o the_o penal_a law_n disjunctive_a suppose_v this_o to_o be_v the_o law_n of_o the_o city_n no_o citizen_n thereunto_o elect_v shall_v refuse_v the_o office_n of_o praetor_n if_o he_o do_v he_o shall_v be_v fine_v a_o huâ—dred_o crown_n caius_z a_o citizen_n think_v himself_o unfit_a to_o bear_v office_n or_o to_o avoid_v some_o inconvenience_n that_o may_v happen_v unto_o he_o from_o thence_o swear_v that_o he_o will_v never_o be_v praetor_n of_o the_o city_n he_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o citizen_n he_o excuse_v himself_o by_o his_o oath_n they_o regard_v not_o his_o oath_n but_o urge_v he_o to_o accept_v of_o the_o magistracy_n what_o be_v the_o law_n in_o this_o case_n at_o the_o bar_n of_o conscience_n i_o answer_v he_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v swear_v especial_o not_o compel_v thereunto_o by_o any_o necessity_n for_o he_o may_v have_v refuse_v though_o he_o have_v not_o swear_v nevertheless_o have_v swear_v he_o seem_v to_o be_v oblige_v and_o not_o be_v in_o a_o condition_n without_o perjury_n to_o comply_v with_o the_o desire_n of_o the_o citizen_n he_o be_v bind_v therefore_o to_o pay_v the_o fine_a and_o to_o refuse_v the_o praetorship_n i_o will_v be_v understand_v precise_o in_o respect_n unto_o the_o point_n to_o which_o i_o now_o speak_v viz._n the_o matter_n of_o the_o oath_n and_o also_o precise_o in_o respect_n to_o the_o repugnant_n thereof_o unto_o the_o law_n of_o the_o city_n for_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o end_n or_o cause_n nay_o even_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o matter_n itself_o as_o it_o be_v a_o hindrance_n of_o a_o great_a public_a good_n or_o for_o some_o other_o consideration_n there_o may_v be_v just_a reason_n in_o it_o to_o make_v the_o obligation_n void_a nevertheless_o ordinary_o as_o i_o have_v say_v a_o oath_n make_v against_o the_o law_n of_o a_o whole_a community_n or_o of_o a_o particular_a vocation_n oblige_v not_o and_o thus_o much_o be_v say_v of_o the_o thing_n in_o themselves_o unlawful_a sect_n x._o the_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o unlawful_a ex_fw-la se_fw-la yet_o be_v unlawful_a ex_fw-la accident_n follow_v now_o a_o lawful_a thing_n happen_v to_o become_v unlawful_a either_o by_o the_o error_n of_o the_o party_n swear_v or_o by_o some_o ill_a effect_n of_o the_o thing_n swear_v wherefore_o the_o three_o case_n be_v where_o a_o man_n promise_v by_o oath_n performance_n of_o a_o thing_n perhaps_o lawful_a in_o itself_o which_o nevertheless_o he_o believe_v to_o be_v unlawful_a or_o fear_v not_o to_o be_v lawful_a as_o if_o a_o man_n before_o these_o time_n upon_o his_o admission_n to_o a_o benefice_n as_o they_o call_v it_o ecclesiastical_a shall_v have_v promise_v to_o observe_v all_o the_o rite_n command_v by_o ecclesiastical_a law_n in_o public_a service_n as_o the_o surplice_n sign_n of_o the_o cross_n at_o the_o font_n kneel_v at_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o lord_n supper_n and_o the_o like_a which_o he_o nevertheless_o through_o some_o light_a prejudice_n think_v to_o be_v superstitious_a and_o papistical_a what_o be_v the_o obligation_n in_o this_o case_n i_o give_v you_o three_o thing_n by_o way_n of_o answer_n first_o i_o say_v that_o such_o a_o oath_n during_o such_o a_o error_n can_v be_v take_v without_o great_a sin_n for_o he_o sin_v grievous_o who_o sin_v against_o his_o conscience_n though_o erroneous_a the_o judgement_n of_o the_o understanding_n be_v unto_o every_o man_n the_o first_o rule_n of_o work_v if_o the_o will_v follow_v not_o that_o judgement_n swerve_v from_o the_o rule_n it_o must_v necessary_o be_v carry_v into_o obliquity_n it_o be_v a_o old_a say_n he_o who_o go_v against_o his_o own_o conscience_n be_v on_o his_o way_n to_o hell_n certain_o he_o who_o swear_v unto_o that_o which_o he_o think_v to_o be_v unlawful_a have_v swear_v unto_o it_o though_o it_o have_v be_v real_o unlawful_a and_o so_o the_o thing_n though_o lawful_a to_o another_o be_v as_o to_o he_o unlawful_a it_o be_v the_o apostle_n sentence_n rom._n 14._o 14._o where_o he_o distinguish_v between_o that_o which_o be_v unclean_a of_o itself_o and_o that_o which_o be_v unclean_a to_o another_o plain_o teach_v that_o that_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o unclean_a nor_o unlawful_a of_o itself_o may_v nevertheless_o be_v unclean_a and_o unlawful_a unto_o he_o who_o esteem_v it_o to_o be_v unclean_a or_o unlawful_a second_o i_o say_v that_o such_o a_o oath_n oblige_v not_o the_o reason_n be_v manifest_a by_o the_o three_o hypothesis_n for_o a_o oath_n can_v take_v away_o a_o former_a obligation_n nor_o introduce_v a_o obligation_n contrary_a unto_o it_o but_o the_o oath_n which_o be_v take_v against_o the_o dictate_v of_o conscience_n be_v precede_v by_o another_o former_a obligation_n arise_v from_o that_o dictate_v for_o the_o dictate_v of_o conscience_n whether_o right_a or_o erroneous_a ever_o bind_v at_o the_o least_o not_o to_o act_v against_o it_o now_o a_o subsequent_a oath_n can_v remove_v this_o obligation_n but_o become_v rather_o invalid_a itself_o and_o lose_v all_o strength_n and_o vigour_n three_o i_o say_v if_o the_o party_n swear_v be_v afterward_o better_o inform_v acknowledge_v and_o correct_v his_o error_n the_o oath_n which_o at_o first_o oblige_v not_o begin_v from_o thence_o forth_o to_o oblige_v for_o the_o power_n of_o obligation_n be_v as_o it_o be_v natural_o and_o inseparable_o in_o a_o oath_n as_o the_o power_n of_o move_v downward_o be_v natural_o and_o inseparable_o in_o a_o stone_n which_o power_n be_v always_o ready_a to_o put_v forth_o itself_o and_o to_o proceed_v unto_o act_n except_o it_o be_v hinder_v by_o some_o impediment_n wherefore_o as_o a_o stone_n that_o it_o may_v move_v again_o after_o it_o have_v rest_v a_o while_n need_v not_o any_o other_o new_a power_n to_o be_v derive_v unto_o it_o from_o without_o but_o of_o its_o own_o nature_n the_o obstacle_n be_v remove_v present_o descend_v so_o a_o oath_n that_o obligation_n of_o erroneous_a conscience_n which_o at_o first_o withstand_v its_o operation_n be_v remove_v without_o any_o delay_n or_o need_v of_o other_o help_n be_v of_o its_o own_o force_n obligatory_a sect_n xi_o there_o be_v other_o case_n concern_v thing_n unlawful_a by_o accident_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o evil_a effect_n of_o the_o same_o to_o wit_n as_o they_o may_v be_v impeditive_a of_o good_a or_o causative_a or_o at_o the_o least_o for_o we_o must_v use_v such_o word_n occasionative_n of_o evil_a a_o good_a thing_n impede_v may_v be_v antecedent_n or_o future_a the_o four_o case_n therefore_o be_v where_o the_o thing_n swear_v seem_v to_o be_v unlawful_a in_o that_o it_o hinder_v the_o performance_n of_o some_o antecedent_n good_a of_o a_o vow_n imagine_v or_o of_o a_o promise_n first_o make_v as_o iâ—_n he_o who_o have_v first_o
the_o performance_n of_o that_o which_o be_v promise_v it_o be_v also_o require_v that_o the_o same_o be_v speedy_o do_v vers_fw-la 6_o 8_o 9_o 13_o 15._o upon_o the_o day_n that_o he_o hear_v it_o as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v if_o he_o conceal_v his_o dissent_n but_o a_o day_n he_o have_v establish_v the_o vow_n for_o ever_o for_o he_o be_v presume_v to_o have_v be_v willing_a who_o slow_o express_v himself_o to_o be_v unwilling_a sect_n vii_o have_v consider_v the_o party_n swear_v the_o deferent_a or_o person_n to_o who_o the_o oath_n be_v make_v come_v in_o the_o second_o place_n to_o be_v consider_v and_o be_v concern_v in_o the_o three_o doubt_n wherein_o two_o case_n occur_v one_o respect_v his_o authority_n the_o other_o his_o faith_n the_o first_o case_n be_v where_o we_o make_v a_o question_n of_o his_o authority_n who_o require_v a_o oath_n of_o we_o for_o if_o he_o be_v a_o legitimate_a superior_a and_o so_o acknowledge_v by_o we_o nor_o require_v other_o oath_n of_o we_o than_o what_o be_v decree_v by_o the_o law_n and_o confirm_v by_o daily_a and_o approve_a custom_n no_o man_n doubt_v but_o such_o a_o oath_n may_v both_o lawful_o be_v take_v and_o ought_v faithful_o to_o be_v perform_v but_o where_o he_o who_o require_v the_o oath_n seem_v to_o have_v no_o right_a so_o to_o do_v but_o to_o usurp_v a_o power_n which_o belong_v not_o unto_o he_o it_o may_v very_o well_o be_v doubt_v whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o tâ—ke_v a_o oath_n by_o he_o so_o offer_v and_o if_o we_o take_v it_o whether_o and_o how_o far_o we_o be_v oblige_v by_o it_o first_o i_o say_v that_o a_o pious_a and_o constant_a man_n ought_v as_o much_o as_o in_o he_o lie_v to_o decline_v all_o oath_n impose_v by_o such_o as_o have_v no_o lawful_a authority_n not_o only_o because_o it_o be_v a_o ordinary_a thing_n to_o compel_v those_o upon_o who_o they_o exercise_v tyranny_n unto_o unjust_a promise_n but_o also_o because_o every_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o defend_v his_o right_n and_o liberty_n to_o the_o utmost_a and_o not_o tame_o to_o thrust_v himself_o into_o the_o yoke_n of_o another_o tyranny_n but_o second_o if_o beside_o command_v such_o force_n be_v use_v as_o he_o can_v resist_v and_o there_o be_v no_o refuse_v with_o out_o extreme_a danger_n to_o avoid_v i_o say_v the_o certain_a consequence_n of_o a_o very_a great_a inconvenience_n a_o pious_a man_n but_o sad_o heavy_o and_o with_o some_o expression_n of_o reluctancy_n may_v take_v such_o a_o oath_n provide_v the_o word_n of_o the_o oath_n which_o seldom_o happen_v upon_o this_o occasion_n contain_n nothing_o unlawful_a in_o itself_o contrary_a to_o know_a law_n or_o derogatory_n from_o the_o right_n of_o any_o three_o person_n otherwise_o he_o ought_v to_o refuse_v it_o even_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o his_o life_n and_o to_o endure_v the_o utmost_a rather_o thâ—n_v oblige_v himself_o in_o a_o unlawful_a bond_n three_o he_o who_o have_v tâ—ken_v a_o oath_n give_v by_o a_o person_n who_o have_v no_o lawful_a authority_n but_o in_o all_o other_o respect_v lawful_a be_v many_o way_n bind_v unto_o the_o performance_n thereof_o sect_n viii_o the_o second_o case_n be_v where_o he_o unto_o who_o the_o oath_n be_v to_o be_v make_v be_v a_o infidel_n heretic_n or_o one_o who_o have_v former_o break_v his_o faith_n first_o i_o say_v it_o be_v lawful_a to_o swear_v unto_o a_o infidel_n heretic_n or_o perjure_a person_n it_o be_v do_v by_o the_o patriarch_n isaac_n and_o jacob_n also_o by_o joshua_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n these_o make_v league_n with_o stranger_n and_o infidel_n and_o on_o both_o side_n confirm_v their_o mutual_a faith_n by_o solemn_a oath_n second_o i_o say_v that_o faith_n give_v unto_o such_o be_v in_o any_o wise_a to_o be_v keep_v we_o use_v to_o object_v unto_o papist_n that_o they_o hold_v faith_n not_o to_o be_v keep_v with_o heretic_n wherein_o the_o jesuit_n of_o this_o age_n exclaim_v that_o great_a injury_n be_v do_v unto_o they_o they_o be_v ashamed_a forsooth_o in_o so_o clear_a light_n open_o to_o profess_v a_o doctrine_n so_o wide_o of_o all_o right_a reason_n and_o pernicious_a to_o humane_a society_n but_o our_o man_n have_v prove_v even_o by_o show_v the_o place_n that_o some_o of_o their_o doctor_n have_v defend_v that_o conclusion_n who_o book_n be_v neither_o prohibit_v nor_o expurgate_v but_o let_v they_o all_o deny_v it_o in_o word_n this_o at_o least_o be_v apparent_a if_o we_o may_v judge_v of_o their_o opinion_n either_o by_o the_o principle_n of_o their_o doctrine_n or_o by_o their_o action_n and_o reason_n of_o those_o action_n as_o their_o own_o historian_n of_o most_o unsuspected_a faith_n have_v relate_v they_o there_o be_v no_o such_o cause_n why_o they_o shall_v so_o confident_o exclaim_v that_o we_o have_v slander_v they_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n while_o they_o will_v shift_v of_o this_o opinion_n they_o tacit_o acknowledge_v it_o either_o false_a or_o impious_a the_o prophet_n sometime_o reprove_v the_o king_n off_o judah_n especial_o eze_v k17_n almost_o throughout_o the_o chapter_n that_o they_o keep_v not_o their_o faith_n swear_v unto_o the_o king_n of_o babylon_n the_o place_n be_v remarkable_a and_o by_o chrysostâ—me_n large_o and_o elegant_o explain_v nay_o in_o this_o kind_n the_o faith_n of_o reguluâ—_n and_o other_o be_v renown_v in_o heathen_a story_n who_o make_v good_a what_o they_o have_v swear_v even_o unto_o enemy_n and_o carthaginian_n he_o most_o perfidious_a nation_n though_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o their_o life_n silius_n adorn_v regulus_n with_o this_o commendation_n call_v unto_o he_o as_o it_o be_v by_o a_o apostrophe_n their_o fame_n to_o late_a posterity_n shall_v sound_v faithful_a to_o faithless_a carthaginian_n find_v but_o you_o will_v object_v perhaps_o those_o vulgar_a say_n to_o deceive_v a_o deceiver_n be_v no_o deceit_n and_o cum_fw-la cretensibus_fw-la cretizandum_fw-la to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v those_o which_o grotius_n use_v on_o the_o speech_n of_o brutus_n in_o appian_n roman_n knâ—w_v no_o faith_n nor_o religion_n of_o a_o oath_n to_o a_o tyrant_n the_o other_o out_o of_o the_o old_a tragedian_n where_o one_o say_v thou_o have_v break_v thy_o faith_n the_o other_o reply_v which_o i_o neither_o give_v nor_o give_v unto_o any_o faithless_a person_n i_o answer_v that_o these_o take_v from_o common_a practice_n rather_o show_v what_o use_v vulgar_o to_o be_v do_v then_o what_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v or_o if_o you_o admit_v they_o for_o truth_n that_o they_o be_v only_o approvable_a in_o such_o case_n where_o the_o oath_n be_v take_v upon_o condition_n either_o express_v as_o thus_o i_o swear_v to_o give_v you_o a_o hundred_o crown_n if_o within_o a_o month_n you_o redeem_v your_o land_n which_o i_o have_v in_o mortgage_n or_o at_o the_o least_o tacit_a as_o when_o two_o oblige_v themselves_o by_o mutual_a oath_n to_o fulfil_v mutual_a promise_n with_o mutual_a respect_n for_o example_n if_o chremes_n the_o master_n swear_v unto_o his_o servant_n sosia_n to_o give_v he_o annual_o ten_o crown_n and_o sosia_n likewise_o swear_v unto_o cherme_n to_o serve_v he_o eight_o year_n he_o of_o the_o two_o who_o first_o violate_v his_o faith_n present_o absolve_v the_o other_o from_o the_o bond_n of_o his_o oath_n but_o if_o two_o oblige_v themselves_o mutual_o in_o promise_n of_o different_a kind_n or_o not_o at_o the_o same_o time_n or_o otherwise_o without_o mutual_a respect_n faith_n violate_v by_o the_o one_o absolve_v not_o the_o other_o obligation_n but_o each_o be_v bind_v to_o stand_v unto_o his_o oath_n though_o the_o other_o have_v not_o perform_v his_o part_n for_o example_n a_o king_n simple_o and_o without_o respect_n unto_o the_o allegiance_n of_o his_o subject_n swear_v to_o administer_v his_o government_n righteous_o and_o according_a to_o law_n the_o subject_n at_o another_o time_n simple_o and_o without_o respect_n unto_o the_o duty_n of_o the_o prince_n swear_v allegiance_n and_o due_a obedience_n unto_o he_o they_o be_v both_o bind_v faithful_o to_o perform_v their_o several_a duty_n nor_o will_v the_o king_n be_v absolve_v from_o his_o oath_n though_o subject_n shall_v not_o perform_v their_o due_a obedience_n nor_o subject_n from_o they_o though_o the_o king_n shall_v turn_v from_o the_o path_n of_o justice_n sect_n ix_o hitherto_o of_o the_o condition_n both_o of_o the_o agent_n to_o wit_n the_o party_n swear_v as_o principal_n and_o of_o the_o deferent_a or_o person_n to_o who_o the_o oath_n be_v make_v as_o less_o principal_a the_o four_o doubt_n follow_v concern_v the_o extension_n of_o the_o obligation_n in_o respect_n of_o both_o the_o person_n wherein_o two_o case_n occur_v the_o first_o concern_v the_o person_n swear_v whether_o and_o how_o far_o the_o oath_n oblige_v his_o heir_n and_o
conceal_v his_o meaning_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o the_o auditor_n understand_v one_o thing_n and_o he_o another_o this_o be_v that_o verbal_a equivocation_n which_o among_o some_o other_o casuist_n and_o scholastics_n the_o jesuit_n especial_o maintain_v and_o practice_v example_n whereof_o be_v most_o frequent_o find_v in_o assertory_n oath_n because_o by_o their_o doctrine_n the_o chief_a use_n of_o this_o equivocation_n be_v when_o a_o man_n examine_v by_o a_o impotent_a judge_n or_o not_o legal_o or_o have_v some_o other_o reason_n to_o dissemble_v the_o truth_n fit_v the_o word_n uâ—to_fw-mi his_o occasion_n by_o change_v their_o genuine_a sense_n into_o one_o more_o strain_v and_o remote_a from_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n as_o if_o a_o jesuit_n apprehend_v shall_v swear_v that_o he_o be_v a_o smith_n mean_v that_o his_o name_n be_v smith_n or_o a_o apprentice_n command_v to_o tell_v where_o his_o master_n be_v shall_v swear_v he_o die_v a_o month_n ago_o mean_v that_o he_o then_o die_v stocking_n the_o like_a may_v happen_v in_o promissory_a oath_n as_o if_o a_o general_n have_v make_v a_o truce_n with_o a_o enemy_n for_o ten_o day_n shall_v give_v he_o a_o camifado_n because_o in_o the_o capitulation_n mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o day_n only_o not_o of_o the_o night_n livy_n and_o other_o relate_v the_o story_n of_o the_o ten_o roman_n take_v by_o hannibal_n and_o after_o they_o have_v swear_v upon_o certain_a condition_n to_o return_v unto_o his_o camp_n dismiss_v one_o of_o which_o say_v he_o other_o say_z two_o most_o unlike_a a_o roman_a return_v the_o same_o day_n pretend_v something_o forget_v but_o intend_v to_o absolve_v himself_o of_o his_o promise_n and_o before_o night_n overtake_v his_o companion_n which_o deceitful_a trick_n of_o his_o be_v account_v so_o base_a that_o he_o be_v not_o only_o scorn_v by_o the_o vulgar_a brand_v with_o ignominy_n by_o the_o censor_n but_o adjudge_v by_o the_o senate_n to_o be_v take_v and_o by_o a_o public_a guard_n deliver_v unto_o hannibal_n nevertheless_o jesuit_n so_o vigorous_o defend_v this_o equivocation_n that_o jo._n molanus_n professor_n at_o louvain_n justify_v the_o murder_n of_o john_n huss_n perpetrate_v against_o the_o public_a faith_n engage_v unto_o he_o for_o his_o safe_a conduct_n for_o this_o reason_n that_o the_o conduct_v undertake_v for_o his_o safe_a come_n not_o for_o the_o safety_n of_o his_o return_n and_o now_o let_v jesuit_n confident_o complain_v of_o the_o great_a injury_n do_v they_o while_o we_o say_v they_o hold_v faith_n not_o to_o be_v keep_v with_o heretic_n for_o if_o this_o be_v to_o keep_v faith_n they_o need_v not_o much_o trouble_v themselves_o with_o whosoever_o it_o be_v contract_v whether_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v keep_v or_o break_v but_o whole_a book_n of_o this_o jesuitism_n be_v large_o and_o solid_o confute_v by_o the_o reverend_a father_n in_o christ_n john_n morton_n now_o bishop_n of_o duresm_n henry_n mason_n and_o other_o of_o our_o countryman_n worthy_a the_o perusal_n of_o such_o as_o desire_v further_a satisfaction_n in_o this_o point_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n our_o result_n be_v that_o the_o party_n swear_v after_o this_o manner_n both_o sin_v in_o his_o equivocal_a oath_n and_o be_v notwithstanding_o that_o tacit_a equivocation_n bind_v in_o conscience_n unto_o the_o performance_n of_o his_o promise_n in_o that_o sense_n which_o the_o word_n yield_v of_o themselves_o and_o be_v without_o constraint_n apt_a to_o beget_v upon_o the_o mind_n of_o other_o unless_o he_o act_v according_o he_o be_v not_o guiltless_a of_o perjury_n sect_n iv._o some_o reason_n of_o this_o assertion_n i_o have_v already_o allege_v in_o the_o confirmation_n of_o our_o first_o hypothesis_n i_o shall_v now_o add_v but_o brief_o a_o few_o more_o the_o first_o a_o oath_n according_a unto_o the_o sum_n of_o that_o hypothesis_n aught_o to_o be_v most_o simple_o and_o effectual_o understand_v unto_o which_o simplicity_n this_o artifice_n of_o industrious_a ambiguity_n be_v repugnant_a the_o second_o it_o be_v a_o great_a profanation_n of_o the_o name_n of_o god_n to_o invoke_v he_o as_o witness_v and_o searcher_n of_o heart_n to_o attest_v the_o truth_n of_o word_n which_o agree_v not_o with_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o party_n swear_v for_o what_o be_v this_o if_o not_o as_o far_o as_o lie_v in_o man_n power_n to_o make_v god_n who_o can_v neither_o deceive_v nor_o be_v deceive_v a_o impostor_n and_o patron_n of_o base_a dissimulation_n the_o three_o equivocation_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o very_a institution_n and_o nature_n of_o a_o oath_n who_o chief_a use_n be_v to_o be_v a_o end_n of_o strife_n and_o controversy_n and_o to_o give_v as_o certain_a security_n in_o uncertain_a thing_n as_o humane_a nature_n be_v able_a to_o afford_v it_o be_v expediendarum_fw-la litium_fw-la maximum_fw-la remedium_fw-la but_o that_o certainty_n which_o we_o seek_v in_o a_o oath_n be_v losâ—_n in_o equivocation_n for_o what_o certainty_n can_v there_o be_v in_o his_o answer_n who_o meaning_n be_v uncertainty_n nor_o be_v controversy_n thus_o end_v but_o aggravate_v the_o four_o the_o party_n so_o swear_v delude_v his_o neighbour_n and_o know_o deceive_v contrary_a to_o the_o precept_n ne_o juret_fw-la in_o dolo_fw-la and_o to_o the_o ancient_a form_n si_fw-mi sciens_fw-la fallo_fw-la the_o five_o promise_v in_o the_o promissory_a be_v as_o affirmation_n and_o negation_n be_v in_o the_o assertory_n and_o contain_v a_o answer_n unto_o the_o question_n or_o interrogatory_n propose_v by_o the_o deferent_a which_o unless_o it_o quadrate_n and_o agree_v with_o the_o interrogatory_n propose_v be_v no_o truth_n but_o a_o lie_n for_o out_o of_o the_o question_n and_o the_o answer_n spring_v as_o it_o be_v one_o proposition_n which_o must_v be_v utter_o false_a where_o the_o answer_n be_v make_v in_o a_o different_a sense_n from_o that_o wherein_o the_o question_n be_v ask_v noâ—_n do_v that_o qualification_n to_o which_o the_o patron_n of_o this_o simulation_n fly_v afford_v they_o refuge_n to_o wit_n that_o we_o may_v not_o use_v this_o equivocation_n at_o our_o pleasure_n but_o only_o before_o a_o incompetent_a judge_n such_o as_o have_v no_o right_a to_o require_v a_o oath_n or_o who_o compel_v we_o to_o swear_v without_o just_a cause_n or_o exact_v that_o which_o be_v not_o due_a or_o the_o like_a but_o to_o omit_v that_o these_o be_v but_o their_o bare_a allegation_n only_o not_o confirm_v by_o authority_n of_o scripture_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n or_o indeed_o of_o good_a and_o solid_a reason_n the_o force_n of_o these_o argument_n by_o which_o we_o maintain_v the_o contrary_a be_v neither_o overthrow_v nor_o weaken_v by_o this_o qualification_n and_o although_o it_o shall_v be_v grant_v that_o a_o unjust_a force_n may_v null_n that_o obligation_n make_v to_o man_n because_o it_o be_v not_o reasonable_a that_o a_o unjust_a act_n shall_v acquire_v any_o right_n yet_o no_o injury_n do_v unto_o we_o by_o man_n can_v give_v we_o just_a cause_n to_o injure_v god_n by_o cast_v off_o that_o obligation_n which_o we_o make_v unto_o he_o the_o searcher_n of_o heart_n to_o who_o such_o right_a by_o every_o oath_n occur_v through_o the_o invocation_n of_o his_o name_n to_o conclude_v this_o jesuitical_a doctrine_n license_v the_o lust_n of_o lie_v and_o perjury_n unto_o impious_a man_n notwithstanding_o that_o qualification_n which_o though_o it_o remain_v yet_o the_o sole_a judgement_n when_o it_o be_v and_o when_o not_o expedient_a to_o use_v it_o be_v leave_v unto_o the_o party_n swear_v wherefore_o if_o a_o man_n against_o right_n and_o reason_n be_v constrain_v to_o swear_v he_o ought_v either_o absolute_o to_o refuse_v the_o oath_n or_o to_o take_v it_o in_o that_o sense_n wherein_o it_o be_v give_v without_o simulation_n or_o equivocation_n sect_n v._o the_o three_o case_n ally_v unto_o this_o be_v of_o mental_a reservation_n which_o the_o jesuit_n defend_v with_o the_o same_o reason_n and_o define_v with_o the_o same_o qualification_n they_o do_v verbal_a equivocation_n for_o as_o in_o that_o by_o wrest_v the_o word_n pronounce_v unto_o another_o sense_n so_o in_o this_o by_o some_o addition_n not_o pronounce_v but_o conceive_v in_o mind_n the_o party_n swear_v elude_v the_o interrogatory_n so_o they_o say_v a_o priest_n if_o he_o be_v examine_v by_o a_o heretical_a magistrate_n whether_o he_o be_v a_o priest_n may_v answer_v that_o he_o be_v no_o priest_n meaning_n of_o bacchus_n or_o apollo_n and_o a_o adulterous_a wife_n if_o she_o be_v question_v of_o adultery_n by_o her_o jealous_a husband_n may_v swear_v unto_o he_o that_o she_o commit_v not_o adultery_n mean_v not_o to_o the_o end_n to_o tell_v he_o the_o like_a they_o hold_v in_o promissory_a oath_n that_o a_o traveller_n to_o save_v his_o life_n may_v swear_v to_o give_v money_n unto_o a_o thief_n though_o he_o never_o intend_v it_o provide_v
real_o be_v take_v away_o by_o dispensation_n of_o the_o superior_a but_o that_o it_o must_v not_o therefore_o be_v say_v that_o the_o superior_a dispense_v with_o divine_a and_o natural_a law_n because_o say_v they_o that_o divine_a law_n of_o nature_n be_v that_o a_o oath_n so_o long_o as_o the_o strength_n and_o obligation_n thereof_o remain_v shall_v be_v keep_v and_o with_o this_o law_n the_o superior_a dispense_v not_o but_o by_o his_o dispensation_n take_v away_o that_o strength_n of_o the_o oath_n whereby_o it_o oblige_v the_o party_n swear_v before_o the_o dispensation_n but_o this_o subtlety_n open_v unto_o the_o quick_a will_v be_v find_v a_o mere_a trifle_n which_o avail_v nothing_o or_o imply_v a_o contradiction_n and_o be_v refute_v by_o the_o jesuit_n achorius_fw-la though_o sayrus_n the_o monk_n be_v about_o his_o ear_n for_o it_o so_o while_o these_o cadmean_a brethren_n dispatch_v each_o other_o by_o mutual_a blow_n nor_o can_v find_v any_o reason_n whereby_o to_o arm_v themselves_o in_o proof_n they_o real_o confess_v that_o the_o cause_n which_o they_o have_v undertake_v can_v be_v defend_v wherefore_o i_o conclude_v that_o neither_o pope_n nor_o prince_n nor_o synod_n nor_o senate_n nor_o ecclesiastical_a nor_o secular_a superior_a have_v any_o right_a to_o dispense_v with_o league_n contract_n oath_n or_o to_o absolve_v any_o man_n from_o that_o bond_n wherein_o before_o the_o dispensation_n grant_v he_o be_v engage_v sect_n v._o with_o this_o first_o of_o dispensation_n the_o next_o question_n or_o the_o second_o case_n of_o commutation_n of_o a_o oath_n be_v ally_v now_o commutation_n as_o the_o word_n express_v be_v nothing_o else_o but_o translation_n of_o the_o obligation_n from_o one_o matter_n to_o another_o which_o whether_o great_a less_o or_o equivalent_a seem_v in_o some_o respect_n to_o be_v more_o convenient_a and_o commutation_n differ_v from_o dispensation_n as_o a_o species_n from_o the_o genus_fw-la or_o part_n from_o the_o whole_a for_o if_o a_o bond_n can_v be_v loose_v either_o by_o the_o one_o or_o other_o it_o will_v be_v whole_o unbound_v by_o dispensation_n by_o commutation_n in_o part_n only_o the_o doctrine_n of_o cafuist_n concern_v commutation_n amount_v to_o this_o sum_n first_o that_o a_o private_a man_n of_o his_o own_o authority_n without_o his_o superior_n dispensation_n may_v commute_v a_o vow_n or_o oath_n into_o that_o which_o be_v evident_o better_a which_o they_o confirm_v by_o god_n example_n who_o do_v not_o always_o fulfil_v his_o temporal_a promise_n to_o the_o letter_n but_o often_o change_v they_o for_o the_o better_a and_o for_o confirmation_n of_o this_o opinion_n they_o bring_v the_o speech_n of_o gregory_n he_o infringe_v not_o his_o promise_n or_o purpose_n who_o change_v it_o for_o the_o better_a second_o that_o promise_n can_v be_v commute_v to_o that_o which_o be_v evident_o worse_a or_o whereof_o question_n may_v be_v make_v whether_o it_o be_v better_a without_o authority_n of_o a_o superior_a qualify_v with_o legitimate_a power_n of_o judge_v and_o determine_v in_o that_o point_n three_o that_o by_o commutation_n preexistent_a obligation_n be_v whole_o take_v off_o from_o the_o former_a matter_n and_o new_a obligation_n bring_v in_o and_o lay_v upon_o a_o different_a matter_n but_o this_o whole_a doctrine_n be_v build_v upon_o a_o false_a foundation_n to_o wit_n dispensability_n of_o a_o oath_n which_o be_v as_o we_o have_v prove_v null_a this_o superstructure_n of_o commutation_n must_v necessary_o fall_v to_o ruin_v wherefore_o brief_o i_o say_v that_o the_o bond_n of_o a_o oath_n can_v be_v remit_v or_o lose_v either_o in_o whole_a by_o dispensation_n or_o in_o part_n by_o commutation_n without_o consent_n of_o all_o the_o party_n but_o the_o consent_n of_o he_o unto_o who_o the_o oath_n be_v make_v be_v more_o especial_o require_v because_o such_o right_n be_v acquire_v unto_o he_o as_o without_o his_o own_o consent_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v take_v away_o for_o the_o example_n of_o god_n it_o suit_v not_o because_o his_o promise_n as_o they_o be_v all_o of_o free_a bounty_n so_o the_o temporal_a one_o be_v also_o conditional_a and_o to_o be_v understand_v with_o exception_n of_o the_o cross_n of_o the_o good_a pleasure_n of_o god_n and_o of_o that_o which_o he_o know_v to_o be_v most_o profitable_a for_o we_o neither_o be_v the_o case_n of_o a_o vow_n and_o of_o a_o oath_n altogether_o alike_o in_o respect_n of_o commutation_n for_o in_o a_o vow_n see_v it_o be_v make_v to_o god_n alone_o some_o liberty_n may_v perhaps_o be_v grant_v unto_o the_o person_n vow_v of_o change_v the_o same_o into_o another_o which_o may_v be_v evident_o better_a and_o more_o acceptable_a unto_o god_n there_o be_v nothing_o in_o this_o alteration_n injurious_a unto_o a_o three_o person_n but_o in_o a_o oath_n which_o be_v make_v unto_o man_n injury_n may_v be_v do_v he_o if_o it_o shall_v without_o his_o consent_n and_o against_o he_o will_v be_v commute_v into_o any_o other_o thing_n as_o if_o caius_n swear_v to_o pay_v ten_o pound_n unto_o titius_n shall_v give_v he_o a_o horse_n worth_a ten_o pound_n it_o will_v not_o satisfy_v his_o oath_n for_o it_o be_v not_o reasonable_a that_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v force_v to_o commute_v a_o thing_n due_a unto_o he_o wherefore_o the_o bond_n of_o a_o oath_n can_v be_v loose_v nor_o the_o obligation_n take_v away_o by_o either_o of_o these_o invention_n sect_n vi_o but_o it_o seem_v it_o may_v by_o the_o three_o way_n remain_v to_o wit_n irritation_n of_o the_o superior_a cessation_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o relaxation_n of_o the_o party_n wherefore_o the_o three_o case_n be_v of_o solution_n of_o the_o bond_n by_o irritation_n declare_v by_o the_o superior_a now_o irritation_n for_o so_o with_o the_o casuist_n we_o must_v speak_v though_o barbarous_o signify_v a_o act_n of_o the_o legitimate_a superior_a whereby_o of_o his_o authority_n he_o render_v a_o oath_n make_v by_o his_o subject_n without_o his_o consent_n null_n and_o void_a for_o that_o legitimate_a superior_n may_v rescinde_v vow_n and_o oath_n of_o such_o as_o be_v not_o free_a but_o under_o their_o authority_n moses_n teach_v as_o when_o we_o be_v upon_o the_o efficient_a cause_n we_o observe_v large_o throughout_o this_o chapter_n the_o reason_n be_v that_o he_o who_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o another_o be_v not_o in_o his_o own_o nor_o can_v oblige_v himself_o in_o thing_n wherein_o he_o be_v subject_a without_o leave_n from_o his_o superior_a and_o therefore_o he_o ought_v not_o by_o any_o act_n of_o he_o to_o bring_v obligation_n upon_o himself_o without_o the_o other_o consent_n either_o express_v or_o upon_o reasonable_a ground_n presume_v for_o the_o right_n of_o ruler_n over_o their_o subject_n be_v by_o the_o immovable_a and_o eternal_a law_n of_o god_n perpetual_a moreover_o the_o duty_n of_o subject_n together_o with_o the_o right_n of_o obedience_n and_o subjection_n be_v by_o the_o same_o perpetual_a law_n perpetual_o and_o indispensable_o obligatory_a which_o antecedent_n obligation_n by_o our_o three_o hypothesis_n obstruct_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o subsequent_a oath_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o it_o can_v be_v bind_v for_o the_o former_a obligation_n ever_o prejudge_v the_o latter_a and_o render_v every_o act_n introductive_a of_o new_a and_o contrary_a obligation_n invalid_a wherefore_o in_o this_o case_n i_o say_v first_o that_o a_o subject_a ought_v not_o by_o oath_n to_o promise_v any_o of_o those_o thing_n wherein_o he_o be_v subject_a unto_o another_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o superior_a at_o the_o least_o presume_v second_o that_o if_o he_o have_v swear_v and_o the_o thing_n be_v lawful_a he_o be_v so_o long_o oblige_v unto_o performance_n as_o it_o appear_v not_o to_o be_v against_o the_o will_n dignity_n and_o profit_n of_o his_o superior_a three_o that_o the_o superior_a if_o he_o have_v by_o express_a consent_n whether_o before_o or_o after_o once_o ratify_v the_o promise_n of_o his_o subject_n can_v make_v the_o same_o afterward_o void_a or_o null_n the_o obligation_n thereof_o four_o if_o the_o superior_a so_o soon_o as_o he_o come_v to_o know_v of_o the_o matter_n open_o and_o peremptory_o declare_v his_o dissent_n forbid_v the_o performance_n of_o the_o same_o that_o the_o transitory_a obligation_n present_o cease_v and_o the_o subject_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o former_a obligation_n of_o duty_n which_o be_v permanent_a and_o perpetual_a be_v bind_v notwithstanding_o his_o oath_n to_o obey_v his_o superior_a whence_o if_o any_o man_n subject_n unto_o the_o power_n of_o another_o whether_o master_n father_n or_o prince_n voluntary_o compel_v by_o force_n or_o fear_n or_o mislead_v through_o fraud_n or_o example_n of_o other_o happen_z to_o make_v any_o oath_n whereunto_o he_o believe_v his_o master_n father_n or_o prince_n have_v he_o biâ—_n present_a will_v not_o have_v condescend_v
the_o same_o have_v sin_v against_o his_o duty_n in_o swear_v and_o be_v bind_v in_o no_o wise_a to_o fulfil_v that_o oath_n resolve_v therefore_o upon_o this_o question_n that_o irritation_n of_o a_o legitimate_a superior_a may_v cancel_v the_o bond_n of_o a_o oath_n sect_n vii_o the_o four_o case_n be_v of_o the_o solution_n of_o the_o bond_n by_o cessation_n of_o the_o matter_n or_o some_o considerable_a alteration_n happen_v unto_o the_o principal_a cause_n of_o a_o oath_n and_o it_o be_v then_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o matter_n cease_v when_o between_o the_o time_n of_o the_o oath_n swear_v and_o that_o wherein_o it_o be_v to_o be_v perform_v the_o state_n of_o thing_n be_v so_o change_v that_o if_o the_o party_n can_v have_v foresee_v what_o will_v have_v follow_v he_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n have_v swear_v i_o answer_v brief_o that_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o vow_n oath_n or_o promise_v cease_v the_o obligation_n thereof_o must_v also_o cease_v as_o in_o natural_a and_o artificial_a thing_n where_o matter_n be_v defective_a the_o action_n of_o the_o agent_n must_v be_v likewise_o of_o necessity_n deficient_a for_o neither_o can_v fire_n burn_v except_o it_o have_v combustible_a matter_n nor_o a_o carpenter_n make_v a_o form_n without_o wood_n wherefore_o if_o a_o soldier_n swear_v obedience_n unto_o his_o general_n the_o war_n end_v and_o the_o general_n reform_v he_o be_v not_o bind_v by_o his_o oath_n to_o yield_v he_o obedience_n and_o if_o a_o father_n swear_v never_o to_o alter_v the_o will_n whereby_o he_o make_v his_o son_n his_o heir_n yet_o find_v his_o heir_n afterward_o practise_v upon_o his_o life_n by_o poison_n the_o father_n be_v no_o far_o bind_v by_o his_o oath_n but_o notwithstanding_o the_o same_o may_v alter_v his_o will_n and_o adopt_v another_o heir_n the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v where_o a_o man_n have_v hear_v the_o statute_n of_o any_o college_n or_o society_n read_v unto_o he_o swear_v to_o observe_v they_o if_o these_o statute_n happen_v afterward_o to_o be_v revoke_v or_o abrogate_a the_o party_n swear_v be_v absolve_v from_o the_o bond_n of_o his_o oath_n the_o reason_n be_v that_o the_o root_n of_o obligation_n be_v pull_v up_o the_o branch_n must_v needs_o wither_v now_o the_o matter_n which_o give_v occasion_n unto_o the_o oath_n be_v the_o root_n of_o that_o obligation_n which_o spring_v from_o the_o oath_n for_o a_o oath_n follow_v the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o act_n wherewith_o it_o be_v join_v that_o be_v the_o matter_n which_o it_o contain_v as_o a_o accessary_n follow_v the_o nature_n of_o its_o principal_a and_o accessory_n say_v the_o lawyer_n be_v extinct_a if_o you_o destroy_v the_o principal_n sect_n viii_o the_o last_o case_n be_v of_o solution_n of_o the_o bond_n by_o relaxation_n of_o a_o party_n to_o wit_n of_o he_o to_o who_o the_o oath_n be_v make_v as_o if_o caius_n shall_v promise_v any_o thing_n to_o titius_n whether_o titius_n remit_v the_o obligation_n caius_n be_v obsolve_v of_o his_o promise_n where_o the_o first_o thing_n to_o be_v observe_v be_v that_o this_o kind_n of_o speech_n to_o remit_v a_o oath_n and_o the_o other_o which_o resemble_v it_o to_o favour_v a_o man_n of_o his_o oath_n be_v not_o always_o take_v by_o good_a author_n in_o the_o same_o sense_n for_o sometime_o they_o be_v use_v in_o relation_n to_o a_o oath_n to_o be_v make_v and_o so_o he_o be_v say_v to_o remit_v a_o oath_n unto_o another_o or_o to_o favour_v he_o of_o his_o oath_n who_o the_o other_o be_v prepare_v to_o swear_v content_v with_o his_o good_a will_n wave_v his_o oath_n and_o credit_v he_o without_o it_o or_o for_o any_o other_o reason_n require_v not_o a_o oath_n from_o a_o person_n of_o who_o he_o have_v right_a to_o require_v it_o but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o be_v take_v with_o relation_n unto_o a_o oath_n make_v and_o so_o he_o be_v say_v to_o remit_v or_o favour_v a_o person_n of_o his_o oath_n who_o pardon_v the_o performance_n of_o that_o which_o the_o person_n have_v promise_v nor_o though_o he_o have_v right_a to_o do_v it_o require_v the_o thing_n due_a by_o virtue_n of_o that_o oath_n so_o sueâ—onius_n say_v that_o tiberius_n â—â—voured_v a_o roman_a knight_n of_o his_o oath_n suffer_v he_o to_o put_v away_o his_o wifâ—_n take_v in_o adultery_n with_o his_o son_n in_o law_n though_o he_o have_v swear_v never_o to_o repudiate_v she_o and_o the_o emperor_n antoninus_n and_o verus_n signify_v to_o one_o who_o have_v swear_v never_o to_o be_v of_o the_o order_n and_o yet_o be_v create_v duumvir_fw-la that_o they_o favour_v he_o of_o his_o oath_n and_o this_o be_v that_o remission_n or_o favour_v of_o a_o oath_n which_o casuist_n call_v relaxation_n whereof_o i_o say_v first_o that_o this_o relaxation_n take_v place_n in_o oath_n league_n bargain_n and_o other_o humane_a contract_n not_o so_o in_o vow_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o difference_n be_v because_o vow_n be_v make_v unto_o god_n as_o a_o party_n but_o man_n have_v power_n to_o remit_v those_o only_o which_o be_v make_v to_o man_n second_o i_o say_v if_o a_o oath_n be_v swear_v in_o favour_n of_o another_o that_o be_v in_o order_n unto_o his_o honour_n power_n profit_n or_o other_o convenience_n that_o it_o be_v not_o bind_v exâ—â—pt_v he_o in_o who_o favour_n it_o be_v make_v accept_v and_o ratify_v the_o same_o as_o in_o our_o law_n a_o bond_n oblige_v not_o caius_n to_o pay_v a_o hundred_o pound_n unto_o titius_n though_o sign_v with_o the_o hand_n of_o caius_n and_o seal_v with_o his_o seal_n except_z caius_z deliver_v it_o unto_o titius_n and_o titius_n or_o some_o other_o accept_v of_o it_o in_o his_o name_n and_o to_o his_o use_n three_o i_o say_v a_o oath_n so_o make_v if_o the_o person_n unto_o who_o it_o be_v swear_v confirm_v the_o same_o and_o expect_v the_o performance_n can_v be_v relax_v by_o any_o three_o person_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o no_o man_n can_v take_v away_o right_o acquire_v unto_o another_o without_o consent_n of_o the_o party_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o obligation_n as_o we_o have_v former_o say_v of_o a_o oath_n can_v be_v take_v away_o by_o dispensation_n except_o the_o party_n be_v willing_a four_o i_o say_v if_o he_o to_o who_o the_o oath_n be_v swear_v remit_v it_o and_o will_v not_o have_v it_o be_v keep_v that_o the_o party_n swear_v be_v forthwith_o absolve_v and_o no_o more_o oblige_v in_o conscience_n to_o perform_v the_o thing_n which_o he_o have_v promise_v wherefore_o caius_n be_v swear_v to_o pay_v titius_n a_o hundred_o pound_n if_o titius_n afterward_o remit_v the_o debt_n he_o be_v no_o far_o bind_v by_o his_o oath_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o any_o man_n may_v recede_v from_o his_o own_o right_n and_o pardon_v a_o debt_n due_a unto_o himself_o and_o the_o debt_n be_v absolve_v it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o the_o obligation_n cease_v see_v solution_n of_o the_o debt_n be_v the_o period_n of_o obligation_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o definition_n of_o the_o same_o and_o among_o we_o by_o the_o form_n of_o a_o bond_n the_o condition_n whereof_o perform_v the_o bond_n become_v void_a and_o of_o none_o effect_n if_o you_o object_v that_o the_o debt_n be_v not_o absolve_v because_o the_o promise_n be_v not_o perform_v i_o answer_v it_o be_v the_o same_o to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n of_o the_o law_n whether_o it_o be_v real_o fulfil_v or_o acknowledge_v by_o the_o party_n who_o it_o concern_v as_o fulfil_v the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o acceptation_n of_o the_o person_n interest_v be_v interpretative_o payment_n and_o so_o the_o matter_n as_o it_o be_v cease_v the_o obligation_n cease_v much_o after_o the_o manner_n whereof_o we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o forego_n case_n and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o lawyer_n call_v acceptilation_n by_o which_o though_o a_o civil_a solution_n and_o not_o real_a they_o affirm_v obligation_n to_o be_v no_o less_o take_v away_o then_o by_o the_o real_a if_o again_o you_o object_n that_o 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